1

Technical information: (202) 691-6392

http://www.bls.gov/mls/

Media contact: 691-5902

USDL 03-201

For release: 10:00 A.M. EDT

Wednesday, April 30, 2003

MASS LAYOFFS IN MARCH 2003

Employers initiated 1,170 mass layoff actions in March 2003, as measured by new filings for unemployment insurance benefits during the month, according to data from the U.S. Department of Labor’s Bureau of

Labor Statistics. Each action involved at least 50 persons from a single establishment, and the number of

workers involved totaled 109,838. (See table 1.) These were the lowest levels for the month of March

since 2000. Over 8 percent of the initial claims in March were from the temporary help services industry

(9,138). Compared with March 2002, the number of layoff events declined by 20 percent and the number

of workers involved fell by 32 percent. (March 2003 contained 4 weeks for possible mass layoffs, compared with 5 weeks in each March of the prior 3 years.) This was the 10th consecutive month that the

number of mass layoff initial claims has declined over the year. From January through March 2003, the total

number of events, at 4,767, and initial claims, at 450,312, were lower than in January-March 2002 (4,989

and 564,141, respectively).

The monthly data series in this release cover mass layoffs of 50 or more workers beginning in a given

month, regardless of the duration of the layoffs. Information on the length of the layoff is obtained later and

issued in a quarterly release that reports on mass layoffs lasting more than 30 days (referred to as “extended

mass layoffs”) and provides more information on the industry classification and location of the establishment

and on the demographics of the laid-off workers. Because monthly figures include short-term layoffs of

30 days or less, the sum of the figures for the 3 months in a quarter will be higher than the quarterly figure

for mass layoffs of more than 30 days. (See table 1.) See the Technical Note for more detailed definitions.

Industry Distribution

The 10 industries in table A accounted for 30,955, or 28 percent, of mass-layoff initial claims in March.

Temporary help services, with 9,138 claims, had over 8 percent.

Manufacturing industries accounted for 33 percent of all mass layoff events and 37 percent of all initial

claims filed in March, little changed from a year earlier (34 percent and 37 percent, respectively). The

number of initial claimants was highest in food production (7,520, largely in frozen fruits and vegetables),

followed by computer and electronic products (5,298) and transportation equipment (5,061). (See table 2.)

The administrative and waste services sector accounted for 13 percent of events and initial claims filed

during the month, with layoffs mostly in temporary help services. Eight percent of all layoff events and

9 percent of initial claims filed during the month were in retail trade, primarily in general merchandise stores.

Ten percent of the events and 7 percent of the initial claims were from construction, most often among

specialty trade contractors. The accommodation and food services sector accounted for 6 percent of events
2

Temporary help services ................................ 9,138 2002 14,338

Motion picture and video production ............. 4,751 2000 6,735

Food service contractors ............................... 3,011 2002 4,304

School and employee bus transportation ........ 2,633 2002 6,158

Discount department stores............................ 2,460 2003 2,460

Farm labor contractors and crew leaders ....... 2,131 2000 6,500

Professional employer organizations ............... 2,017 2002 2,987

Frozen fruit and vegetable manufacturing ........ 1,673 1997 2,560

Supermarkets and other grocery stores.......... 1,593 2002 1,884

Department stores, except discount................ 1,548 1999 3,799

Table A. Industries with largest mass layoff initial claims in March 2003p

Industry

 p=preliminary.

Initial claims

March peak

Year Initial claims

and initial claims, mostly from food service contractors. The information sector accounted for an additional

4 percent of events and 6 percent of initial claims during the month, largely in motion picture and video

production.

Government establishments accounted for 4 percent of events and 3 percent of initial claims filed during

the month, particularly in educational services.

Compared with March 2002, the largest decreases in initial claims were reported in administrative and

support services (-7,475) and professional and technical services (-5,206). The largest over-the-year

increase in initial claims was reported in motion picture and sound industries (+2,590).

Geographic Distribution

Among the four regions, the highest number of initial claims in March due to mass layoffs was reported

in the West, 46,815. (See table 3.) Administrative and support services and motion picture and sound

recording accounted for 28 percent of all initial claims in the West during the month. The Midwest followed

with 26,239 initial claims. These were the lowest March totals for both the West and Midwest since 1999.

The South, at 21,554, and the Northeast, at 15,230, each had the lowest levels of initial claims for a March

since 2000.

For the second consecutive year, the number of initial claimants in mass layoffs declined in each of the

four regions. The largest decrease occurred in the Midwest (-16,252), followed closely by the South

(-15,737) and West (-14,296) regions. Each of the nine geographic divisions had over-the-year decreases

in the number of initial claims associated with mass layoffs, with the largest declines in the Pacific (-13,706)

and East North Central divisions (-13,112).

California had the largest number of initial claims filed in mass layoff events this March, 36,360, mostly

in temporary help services and in motion picture and video production. This was the lowest March total

since 1998. Pennsylvania reported 7,419, followed by Wisconsin (5,123) and Texas (5,051). These four

states accounted for 51 percent of all layoff events and 49 percent of initial claims for unemployment

insurance. (See table 4.)
3

California reported the largest over-the-year decrease in the number of initial claims (-12,016), followed

by Michigan (-5,635), Wisconsin (-4,815), Pennsylvania (-4,712), and Texas (-4,644). The largest overthe-year increases occurred in Indiana (+2,614) and New York (+2,003).

______________________________

The report on Mass Layoffs in April 2003 will be issued on Thursday, May 29, 2003.
Technical Note

The Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program is a federal-state

program that uses a standardized, automated approach to identifying,

describing, and tracking the effects of major job cutbacks, using data

from each state’s unemployment insurance database. Each month,

states report on establishments which have at least 50 initial claims

filed against them during a consecutive 5-week period. These

establishments then are contacted by the state agency to determine

whether these separations lasted 31 days or longer, and, if so, other

information concerning the layoff is collected. States report on layoffs

lasting more than 1 month on a quarterly basis.

A given month contains an aggregation of the weekly unemployment

insurance claims filings for the Sunday through Saturday weeks in that

month. All weeks are included for the particular month, except if the

first day of the month falls on Saturday. In this case, the week is

included in the prior month's tabulations. This means that some

months will contain 4 weeks and others 5 weeks, and the number of

weeks in a given month may be different from year to year. Therefore,

analysis of over-the-month and over-the-year change should take this

calendar effect into consideration.

The MLS program resumed operations in April 1995 after it

had been terminated in November 1992 due to lack of funding. Prior

to April 1995, monthly layoff statistics were not available.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory

impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200;

TDD message referral phone number: 1-800-877-8339.

Definitions

Initial claimant. A person who files any notice of unemployment to initiate a request either for a determination of entitlement to and eligibility for compensation, or for a subsequent

period of unemployment within a benefit year or period of

eligibility.

Mass layoff event. Fifty or more initial claims for unemployment

insurance benefits filed against an establishment during a 5-week

period, regardless of duration.
Table 1. Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, January 2001 to March 2003

Date

Total mass layoffs Extended mass layoffs 

lasting more than 30 days Realization rates 1

Events Initial

claimants Events Initialclaimants Events Initialclaimants

2001

January ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,522 200,343 

February ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,501 172,908 

March ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,527 171,466 

First Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,550 544,717 1,765 340,210 38.8 62.5 

April ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,450 176,265 

May ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,434 159,365 

June ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,107 253,826 

Second Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,991 589,456 2,072 401,270 41.5 68.1 

July ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,117 273,807 

August ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,490 166,148 

September ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,327 160,402 

Third Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,934 600,357 1,815 370,942 36.8 61.8 

October ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,831 215,483 

November ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,721 295,956 

December ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,440 268,893 

Fourth Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6,992 780,332 2,698 r502,662 38.6 64.4 

2002

January ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,146 263,821 

February ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,383 138,984 

March ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,460 161,336 

First Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,989 564,141 1,748 r315,819 35.0 r56.0

April ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,507 165,861 

May ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,726 180,007 

June ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,580 161,928 

Second Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,813 507,796 1,905 r352,183 39.6 r69.4

July ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,041 245,211 

August ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,247 128,080 

September ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,062 124,512 

Third Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,350 497,803 r1,383 r274,576 r31.8 r55.2

October ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,497 171,088 

November ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,150 240,028 

December ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,470 263,775 

Fourth Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6,117 674,891 2, p2,127 2, p305,208 p34.8 p45.2

2003

January ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,286 222,186 

Februaryp .................................................................................................................................................................... 1,311 118,288 

Marchp .................................................................................................................................................................... 1,170 109,838 

First Quarterp ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,767 450,312 

 1 The event realization rate is the percentage of total mass layoff that the number of extended mass layoff events is generally reevents lasting more than 30 days. The initial claimant realization rate vised upwards by less than 10 percent and the number of initial 

is the percentage of total mass-layoff initial claimants associated with claimants associated with such events increases by 25-40 

layoffs lasting more than 30 days. percent.

 2 These quarterly numbers are provisional and will increase as more p = preliminary.

data on these layoffs become available. Recent experience suggests r = revised.
Table 2. Industry distribution: Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance

Industry

Mass layoff events Initial claimants for

unemployment insurance

March January February March March January February March

2002 2003 2003p2003p2002 2003 2003p2003p

 Total1 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,460 2,286 1,311 1,170 161,336 222,186 118,288 109,838 

Total, private ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,414 2,199 1,271 1,126 157,100 214,197 115,286 106,229 

 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting ..................................................................................................................................................................... 79 96 100 64 5,775 6,407 5,626 4,949 

 Mining ..................................................................................................................................................................... 22 19 7 6 1,882 1,559 724 652 

 Utilities ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 8 – ( 2

 ) 727 561 – ( 2 ) 

 Construction ..................................................................................................................................................................... 150 263 194 122 11,826 18,571 13,282 7,431 

 Manufacturing..................................................................................................................................................................... 500 817 427 385 59,644 89,525 45,290 40,617 

 Food ..................................................................................................................................................................... 74 89 59 71 9,070 8,111 5,475 7,520 

 Beverage and tobacco products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8 11 8 ( 2

 ) 802 755 407 ( 2 ) 

 Textile mills ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14 42 16 9 1,468 7,611 1,958 764 

 Textile product mills ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) 18 7 5 ( 2 ) 1,890 571 432 

 Apparel ..................................................................................................................................................................... 17 53 20 11 1,536 6,085 1,525 950 

 Leather and allied products ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) 5 ( 2 ) – ( 2 ) 294 ( 2 ) –

 Wood products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 19 56 28 34 2,319 6,702 2,291 2,982 

 Paper ..................................................................................................................................................................... 18 19 13 8 2,688 2,510 999 659 

 Printing and related support activities ..................................................................................................................................................................... 26 21 13 7 2,105 1,803 793 658 

 Petroleum and coal products ..................................................................................................................................................................... – 5 ( 2

 ) – – 339 ( 2 ) –

 Chemicals ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14 14 8 ( 2

 ) 1,659 1,202 1,098 ( 2 ) 

 Plastics and rubber products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 20 34 15 6 1,613 3,599 1,086 552 

 Nonmetallic mineral products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 21 35 18 18 1,537 3,201 1,652 1,824 

 Primary metals ..................................................................................................................................................................... 21 48 16 21 3,000 5,846 1,613 1,766 

 Fabricated metal products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 34 58 34 23 3,319 5,664 2,622 1,680 

 Machinery ..................................................................................................................................................................... 43 53 21 34 6,588 6,031 2,105 3,693 

 Computer and electronic products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 65 78 41 42 6,902 6,800 3,671 5,298 

 Electrical equipment and appliances ..................................................................................................................................................................... 26 30 19 26 3,602 2,920 3,159 3,787 

 Transportation equipment ..................................................................................................................................................................... 46 85 53 44 8,531 12,057 10,535 5,061 

 Furniture and related products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 19 36 24 14 1,772 4,003 2,702 1,727 

 Miscellaneous manufacturing ..................................................................................................................................................................... 11 27 9 8 837 2,102 613 830 

 Wholesale trade ..................................................................................................................................................................... 25 42 17 21 2,694 3,229 1,170 1,811 

 Retail trade ..................................................................................................................................................................... 108 205 103 95 12,067 21,251 9,338 9,708 

 Transportation and warehousing ..................................................................................................................................................................... 76 143 32 37 10,441 16,016 4,249 4,382 

 Information ..................................................................................................................................................................... 36 67 53 49 4,456 5,902 5,133 6,855 

 Finance and insurance ..................................................................................................................................................................... 32 46 23 32 2,697 3,854 1,723 2,074 

 Real estate and rental and leasing ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 7 9 8 629 408 745 483 

 Professional and technical services ..................................................................................................................................................................... 50 44 31 38 8,260 6,269 4,084 3,054 

 Management of companies and enterprises ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 ( 2

 ) 5 ( 2 ) 182 ( 2 ) 431 ( 2 ) 

 Administrative and waste services ..................................................................................................................................................................... 185 269 164 153 21,704 26,190 14,776 14,242 

 Educational services.................................................................................................................. 3 ( 2

 ) 4 ( 2 ) 232 ( 2 ) 201 ( 2 ) 

 Health care and social assistance ..................................................................................................................................................................... 22 26 19 21 1,671 1,811 1,401 1,381 

 Arts, entertainment, and recreation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13 29 15 12 1,013 2,060 1,447 663 

 Accommodation and food services ..................................................................................................................................................................... 76 86 51 69 9,721 7,035 4,676 6,933 

 Other services, except public administration..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 27 11 4 609 3,097 629 280 

 Unclassified ..................................................................................................................................................................... 11 2 6 3 870 172 361 284 

Government ..................................................................................................................................................................... 46 87 40 44 4,236 7,989 3,002 3,609 

 Federal ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 19 7 6 777 2,303 421 570 

 State ..................................................................................................................................................................... 16 28 14 9 1,652 2,630 1,054 614 

 Local ..................................................................................................................................................................... 23 40 19 29 1,807 3,056 1,527 2,425 

 

1

 Data were reported by all states and the District of Columbia. NOTE: Industry data reflect the North American Industry

 

2

 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. Classification System (NAICS), 2002. Dash represents zero.

 

p

 = preliminary.
Table 3. Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance by census region and division

Census region and division

Mass layoff events Initial claimants for

unemployment insurance

March January February March March January February March

2002 2003 2003p2003p2002 2003 2003p2003p

 United States1 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,460 2,286 1,311 1,170 161,336 222,186 118,288 109,838 

Northeast ..................................................................................................................................................................... 210 475 225 157 20,443 44,396 23,291 15,230 

 New England ..................................................................................................................................................................... 33 68 26 29 2,995 6,928 2,758 2,987 

 Middle Atlantic ..................................................................................................................................................................... 177 407 199 128 17,448 37,468 20,533 12,243 

South ..................................................................................................................................................................... 347 525 255 227 37,291 58,258 26,188 21,554 

 South Atlantic ..................................................................................................................................................................... 157 288 142 109 16,644 32,616 15,410 9,362 

 East South Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 73 167 45 55 7,076 19,318 5,249 4,752 

 West South Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 117 70 68 63 13,571 6,324 5,529 7,440 

Midwest ..................................................................................................................................................................... 327 523 235 237 42,491 52,162 23,244 26,239 

 East North Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 253 401 181 174 32,058 41,608 16,279 18,946 

 West North Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 74 122 54 63 10,433 10,554 6,965 7,293 

West ..................................................................................................................................................................... 576 763 596 549 61,111 67,370 45,565 46,815 

 Mountain ..................................................................................................................................................................... 52 73 27 47 4,841 6,136 2,857 4,251 

 Pacific ..................................................................................................................................................................... 524 690 569 502 56,270 61,234 42,708 42,564 

 

 

1

 See footnote 1, table 2. Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central:

 

 

p

 = preliminary. Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, 

 NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, 

the census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, 

Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, 

Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, 

Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.

 
Table 4. State distribution: Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance

State

Mass layoff events Initial claimants for

unemployment insurance

March January February March March January February March

2002 2003 2003p2003p2002 2003 2003p2003p

 Total1 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,460 2,286 1,311 1,170 161,336 222,186 118,288 109,838 

Alabama ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10 119 9 11 1,295 14,789 1,547 1,108 

Alaska ..................................................................................................................................................................... – 7 ( 2

 ) – – 471 ( 2 ) –

Arizona ..................................................................................................................................................................... 12 14 7 13 879 1,292 537 1,148 

Arkansas ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5 8 4 5 488 699 288 381 

California ..................................................................................................................................................................... 466 579 525 438 48,376 48,913 38,769 36,360 

Colorado ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10 16 6 9 845 1,540 535 1,126 

Connecticut ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 16 3 5 377 1,508 190 412 

Delaware ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) – 790 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) –

District of Columbia ..................................................................................................................................................................... – 4 – – – 350 – –

Florida ..................................................................................................................................................................... 64 83 59 60 5,689 5,767 4,459 4,188 

Georgia ..................................................................................................................................................................... 20 89 23 15 2,202 12,406 3,627 1,224 

Hawaii ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 8 3 ( 2

 ) 658 773 186 ( 2 ) 

Idaho ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13 19 4 13 1,628 1,478 996 1,187 

Illinois ..................................................................................................................................................................... 53 88 44 35 7,645 8,794 4,956 3,161 

Indiana ..................................................................................................................................................................... 21 34 28 37 2,212 3,011 2,267 4,826 

Iowa ..................................................................................................................................................................... 12 34 15 14 1,510 3,083 1,191 1,572 

Kansas ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 15 5 9 1,357 1,108 2,056 1,449 

Kentucky ..................................................................................................................................................................... 31 20 14 21 3,354 2,512 2,174 2,124 

Louisiana ..................................................................................................................................................................... 19 19 16 8 1,501 1,240 1,043 402 

Maine ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 8 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) 226 1,201 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 

Maryland ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) 8 6 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 592 562 ( 2 ) 

Massachusetts ..................................................................................................................................................................... 15 33 18 16 1,652 3,162 1,620 1,263 

Michigan ..................................................................................................................................................................... 56 22 21 10 6,483 1,982 1,719 848 

Minnesota ..................................................................................................................................................................... 16 33 8 13 2,238 3,026 614 1,041 

Mississippi ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13 4 10 8 890 228 732 509 

Missouri ..................................................................................................................................................................... 29 30 15 23 4,109 2,351 1,922 2,930 

Montana ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 3 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) 264 204 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 

Nebraska ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 7 6 ( 2

 ) 1,133 539 830 ( 2 ) 

Nevada ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 15 8 7 461 1,276 659 475 

New Hampshire ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 5 – ( 2

 ) 247 623 – ( 2 ) 

New Jersey ..................................................................................................................................................................... 35 49 31 17 3,749 4,372 3,772 1,253 

New Mexico ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 5 – ( 2

 ) 176 294 – ( 2 ) 

New York ..................................................................................................................................................................... 19 188 42 40 1,568 18,806 5,265 3,571 

North Carolina ..................................................................................................................................................................... 23 26 17 12 2,686 3,215 1,385 1,273 

North Dakota ..................................................................................................................................................................... – ( 2

 ) 3 ( 2 ) – ( 2 ) 229 ( 2 ) 

Ohio ..................................................................................................................................................................... 52 151 46 40 5,780 16,689 4,097 4,988 

Oklahoma ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10 15 7 10 1,887 2,225 553 1,606 

Oregon ..................................................................................................................................................................... 27 66 24 41 3,507 7,672 2,036 4,336 

Pennsylvania ..................................................................................................................................................................... 123 170 126 71 12,131 14,290 11,496 7,419 

Rhode Island ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 4 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) 323 310 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 

South Carolina ..................................................................................................................................................................... 21 50 20 6 2,750 5,954 2,159 986 

South Dakota ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 

Tennessee ..................................................................................................................................................................... 19 24 12 15 1,537 1,789 796 1,011 

Texas ..................................................................................................................................................................... 83 28 41 40 9,695 2,160 3,645 5,051 

Utah ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5 ( 2

 ) – ( 2 ) 588 ( 2 ) – ( 2 ) 

Vermont ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) 3 170 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 833 

Virginia ..................................................................................................................................................................... 16 24 13 14 1,794 3,266 1,263 1,392 

Washington ..................................................................................................................................................................... 25 30 15 21 3,729 3,405 1,511 1,745 

West Virginia ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 3 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) 571 174 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 

Wisconsin ..................................................................................................................................................................... 71 106 42 52 9,938 11,132 3,240 5,123 

Wyoming ..................................................................................................................................................................... – – ( 2

 ) – – – ( 2 ) –

Puerto Rico ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 14 10 5 1,082 1,371 1,336 378 

 1 See footnote 1, table 2. p = preliminary.

 2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero.