For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, March 29, 2022 USDL-22-0553

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – FEBRUARY 2022

The number of job openings was little changed at 11.3 million on the last business day of February, the 

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires edged up to 6.7 million while total separations 

were little changed at 6.1 million. Within separations, the quits rate was little changed at 2.9 percent and 

the layoffs and discharges rate was unchanged at 0.9 percent. This release includes estimates of the 

number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the total nonfarm sector, by industry, by four 

geographic regions, and by establishment size class.

Job Openings

On the last business day of February, the number and rate of job openings were little changed at 11.3 

million and 7.0 percent, respectively. Job openings decreased in finance and insurance (-63,000) and in 

nondurable goods manufacturing (-39,000). Job openings increased in arts, entertainment, and recreation 

(+32,000); educational services (+26,000); and federal government (+23,000). Job openings decreased

in the Midwest region and increased in the West region. (See table 1.)

Hires

In February, the number of hires edged up to 6.7 million (+263,000). The hires rate was little changed at 

4.4 percent. Hires increased in construction (+75,000). Hires decreased in information (-29,000). The 

number of hires was little changed in all four regions. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 

voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 

 3.0

 3.4

 3.8

 4.2

 4.6

 5.0

 5.4

 5.8

 6.2

 6.6

 7.0

 7.4

Feb-19 Aug-19 Feb-20 Aug-20 Feb-21 Aug-21 Feb-22

Percent

Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted, February 2019 - February 2022

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

Feb-19 Aug-19 Feb-20 Aug-20 Feb-21 Aug-21 Feb-22

Hires

Separations

Percent

Chart 2. Hires and total separations rates, seasonally adjusted, February 2019 - February 2022
- 2 -

workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 

by the employer. Other separations includes separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 

to other locations of the same firm.

In February, the number and rate of total separations were little changed at 6.1 million and 4.1 percent, 

respectively. Total separations decreased in information (-45,000) and in finance and insurance

(-41,000). The number of total separations was little changed in all four regions. (See table 3.)

In February, the number and rate of quits were little changed at 4.4 million and 2.9 percent, 

respectively. Quits increased in retail trade (+74,000); durable goods manufacturing (+22,000); and state 

and local government education (+14,000). Quits decreased in finance and insurance (-30,000). The 

number of quits was little changed in all four regions. (See table 4.)

In February, the number of layoffs and discharges was little changed at 1.4 million. The rate was 

unchanged at 0.9 percent. Layoffs and discharges decreased in information (-60,000). The number of 

layoffs and discharges was little changed in all four regions. (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed in February at 355,000. Other separations increased 

in retail trade (+20,000) and in information (+9,000). The other separations level decreased in finance 

and insurance (-19,000); transportation, warehousing, and utilities (-16,000); and real estate and rental 

and leasing (-6,000). Other separations were little changed in all four regions. (See table 6.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 

employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 

hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 

Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 

if the hires level is steady or rising.

Over the 12 months ending in February 2022, hires totaled 77.0 million and separations totaled 70.6

million, yielding a net employment gain of 6.4 million. These totals include workers who may have been 

hired and separated more than once during the year.

Establishment Size Class

In February, the quits rate increased in large establishments with 1,000 to 4,999 employees. For a more 

in-depth description of the JOLTS establishment size class estimates, please visit 

www.bls.gov/jlt/sizeclassmethodology.htm.

____________

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for March 2022 are scheduled to be 

released on Tuesday, May 3, 2022 at 10:00 a.m. (ET).
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY

(in thousands)

Total................................................... 7,860 11,283 11,266 6,028 6,426 6,689 5,400 6,044 6,092

Total private....................................... 7,129 10,235 10,185 5,699 6,019 6,267 5,082 5,673 5,693

Mining and logging............................. 20 37 34 16 20 24 18 18 16

Construction.................................... 257 383 381 382 323 398 429 325 344

Manufacturing.................................. 577 859 808 419 467 482 378 457 458

Durable goods............................... 301 500 486 235 250 269 203 246 256

Nondurable goods........................... 276 360 321 184 217 214 175 211 202

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 1,473 1,832 1,863 1,231 1,371 1,491 1,112 1,308 1,361

Wholesale trade............................. 223 294 313 153 170 171 145 161 158

Retail trade................................... 854 1,029 1,061 783 898 1,003 743 865 950

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities...................................... 396 510 489 295 303 317 224 282 252

Information...................................... 111 217 207 97 116 87 79 122 77

Financial activities.............................. 310 502 450 199 236 214 197 233 177

Finance and insurance..................... 237 376 313 134 161 142 136 163 122

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . .. 73 126 137 65 75 72 61 70 55

Professional and business services......... 1,497 2,078 2,088 1,227 1,242 1,292 1,137 1,133 1,205

Education and health services............... 1,617 2,146 2,226 740 832 883 650 805 793

Educational services........................ 117 178 204 91 103 110 68 89 94

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 1,500 1,968 2,022 649 730 774 582 716 699

Leisure and hospitality........................ 986 1,698 1,705 1,145 1,202 1,162 859 1,052 1,051

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 156 175 207 129 165 159 93 143 132

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 830 1,523 1,498 1,015 1,037 1,003 766 909 919

Other services.................................. 281 483 422 244 210 233 223 219 211

Government....................................... 732 1,048 1,081 329 407 422 318 371 399

Federal.......................................... 105 125 148 41 41 41 37 44 42

State and local................................. 626 924 933 288 366 381 282 327 356

State and local education.................. 223 373 386 141 200 191 138 160 182

State and local, excluding education. . . .. 404 551 547 147 166 190 144 167 175

RATES BY INDUSTRY

(percent)

Total................................................... 5.2 7.0 7.0 4.2 4.3 4.4 3.8 4.0 4.1

Total private....................................... 5.5 7.4 7.4 4.7 4.7 4.9 4.2 4.4 4.4

Mining and logging............................. 3.5 5.8 5.4 3.0 3.4 4.1 3.3 3.1 2.7

Construction.................................... 3.4 4.8 4.8 5.2 4.3 5.2 5.9 4.3 4.5

Manufacturing.................................. 4.5 6.4 6.0 3.4 3.7 3.8 3.1 3.6 3.6

Durable goods............................... 3.8 6.0 5.8 3.1 3.2 3.4 2.7 3.1 3.3

Nondurable goods........................... 5.6 7.0 6.3 4.0 4.6 4.5 3.8 4.5 4.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 5.1 6.1 6.2 4.5 4.8 5.2 4.1 4.6 4.8

Wholesale trade............................. 3.8 4.8 5.1 2.7 3.0 3.0 2.6 2.8 2.7

Retail trade................................... 5.3 6.2 6.3 5.1 5.7 6.4 4.9 5.5 6.1

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities...................................... 5.7 6.9 6.6 4.6 4.4 4.6 3.4 4.1 3.6

Information...................................... 3.9 6.9 6.6 3.5 4.0 3.0 2.9 4.2 2.6

Financial activities.............................. 3.4 5.4 4.8 2.3 2.7 2.4 2.3 2.6 2.0

Finance and insurance..................... 3.5 5.4 4.5 2.1 2.5 2.2 2.1 2.5 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . .. 3.2 5.2 5.5 2.9 3.3 3.1 2.7 3.0 2.3

Professional and business services......... 6.7 8.7 8.7 5.9 5.7 5.9 5.4 5.2 5.5

Education and health services............... 6.4 8.2 8.5 3.2 3.5 3.7 2.8 3.4 3.3

Educational services........................ 3.3 4.6 5.2 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.0 2.4 2.5

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 7.0 8.9 9.0 3.2 3.6 3.8 2.9 3.5 3.4

Leisure and hospitality........................ 6.9 10.0 9.9 8.6 7.9 7.5 6.5 6.9 6.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 8.0 7.3 8.5 7.2 7.5 7.1 5.2 6.5 5.9

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 6.7 10.4 10.2 8.8 7.9 7.6 6.7 7.0 7.0

Other services.................................. 5.0 7.9 7.0 4.6 3.7 4.1 4.2 3.9 3.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Government....................................... 3.2 4.5 4.6 1.5 1.8 1.9 1.5 1.7 1.8

Federal.......................................... 3.5 4.2 4.9 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.5

State and local................................. 3.2 4.6 4.6 1.5 1.9 2.0 1.5 1.7 1.8

State and local education.................. 2.2 3.5 3.6 1.4 1.9 1.8 1.4 1.6 1.8

State and local, excluding education. . . .. 4.3 5.8 5.7 1.6 1.8 2.1 1.6 1.9 1.9

p Preliminary
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

JOLTS program provides information on labor 

demand and turnover. Additional information about 

the JOLTS program can be found at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job 

openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other 

separations, and total separations. The JOLTS 

program covers all private nonfarm establishments, 

as well as civilian federal, state, and local 

government entities in the 50 states and the District 

of Columbia. Industries are classified in accordance 

with the North American Industry Classification 

System. 

Definitions 

Employment. Employment includes persons on 

the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay 

period that includes the 12th day of the reference 

month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, 

seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are 

included, as are employees on paid vacation or other 

paid leave. Proprietors or partners of unincorporated 

businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on 

strike for the entire pay period, and employees on 

leave without pay for the entire pay period are not 

counted as employed. Employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where 

they are working. JOLTS does not publish 

employment estimates but uses the reported 

employment for validation of the other reported data 

elements. 

Job Openings. Job openings include all 

positions that are open on the last business day of the 

reference month. A job is open only if it meets all 

three of these conditions: 

 A specific position exists and there is work

available for that position. The position can

be full-time or part-time, and it can be

permanent, short-term, or seasonal.

 The job could start within 30 days, whether

or not the employer can find a suitable

candidate during that time.

 The employer is actively recruiting workers

from outside the establishment to fill the

position. Active recruiting means that the

establishment is taking steps to fill a 

position. It may include advertising in 

newspapers, on television, or on the radio; 

posting Internet notices, posting “help 

wanted” signs, networking or making 

“word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting 

applications; interviewing candidates; 

contacting employment agencies; or 

soliciting employees at job fairs, state or 

local employment offices, or similar 

sources. 

Excluded are positions open only to internal 

transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from 

layoffs. Also excluded are openings for positions 

with start dates more than 30 days in the future, 

positions for which employees have been hired but 

the employees have not yet reported for work, and 

positions to be filled by employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 

computed by dividing the number of job openings by 

the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll 

during the entire reference month, including newly 

hired and rehired employees; full-time and part-time 

employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal 

employees; employees who were recalled to a job at 

the location following a layoff (formal suspension 

from pay status) lasting more than 7 days; on-call or 

intermittent employees who returned to work after 

having been formally separated; workers who were 

hired and separated during the month, and transfers 

from other locations. Excluded are transfers or 

promotions within the reporting location, employees 

returning from strike, employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is 

computed by dividing the number of hires by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Separations. Separations include all separations 

from the payroll during the entire reference month 

and is reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs 

and discharges, and other separations. Quits include 

employees who left voluntarily with the exception of 

retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs 

and discharges includes involuntary separations 

initiated by the employer including layoffs with no 

intent to rehire; layoffs (formal suspensions from pay 

status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; 
discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or 

closings; firings or other discharges for cause; 

terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 

and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or 

not they are expected to return the next season). 

Other separations include retirements, transfers to 

other locations, separations due to employee 

disability; and deaths. Excluded from separations are 

transfers within the same location; employees on 

strike; employees of temporary help agencies, 

employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or 

consultants. The separations rate is computed by 

dividing the number of separations by employment 

and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, 

layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are 

computed similarly. 

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random 

sample of 20,700 nonfarm business and government 

establishments. The sample is stratified by 

ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment 

size class. The establishments are drawn from a 

universe of over 9.4 million establishments compiled 

by the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages 

(QCEW) program which includes all employers 

subject to state unemployment insurance laws and 

federal agencies subject to the Unemployment 

Compensation for Federal Employees program. 

Employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio 

adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment 

estimates of the Current Employment Statistics 

(CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment 

is used to adjust the levels for all other JOLTS data 

elements. 

Birth/death model. The time lag from the start 

up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance 

on the sampling frame is approximately one year. 

Also within the first year, new businesses may go out 

of business, referred to as a death. Because not all 

births and deaths of establishments can be reflected 

on the sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS 

sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and 

separations from them during their early existence. 

BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses 

establishment birth and death activity from previous 

years. The estimates of job openings, hires, and 

separations produced by the birth/death model are 

added to the sample-based estimates produced from 

the survey to arrive at the estimates for job openings, 

hires, and separations. 

Alignment. The JOLTS figure for hires minus 

separations can be used to derive a measure of net 

employment change. This change should be 

comparable to the net employment change from the 

much larger CES survey. However, definitional 

differences as well as sampling and nonsampling 

errors between the two surveys historically caused 

JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the 

divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

monthly alignment method. There are four steps to 

this method: seasonally adjust, align, back out the 

seasonal adjustment factors, and seasonally adjust 

again. 

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses X-13 ARIMA 

for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal 

adjustment methodology is used in which new 

seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each 

month, using all relevant data up to and including 

current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors 

at the beginning and end of the series and to detect 

and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally 

adjusted CES employment trends are applied to the 

seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment 

trends (hires minus separations) forcing them to be 

approximately the same, while preserving the 

seasonality of the JOLTS data. 

Annual estimates. The JOLTS estimates are 

revised annually to reflect annual updates to the CES 

employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal 

adjustment factors. The JOLTS employment levels 

are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and 

the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data 

elements. The seasonally adjusted data are 

recalculated for the most recent 5 years in order to 

reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors. These 

annual updates result in revisions to both the 

seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted 

JOLTS data series, for the period since the last 

benchmark was established. 

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and 

discharges, other separations, and total separations 

are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. 

Annual rates are computed by dividing the annual 

level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) 
annual average employment level, and multiplying 

that quotient by 100. This figure will be 

approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly 

rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates 

are published only for not seasonally adjusted data 

and are released with the January news release each 

year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job 

openings because job openings are a stock, or pointin-time, measurement for the last business day of 

each month. 

Reliability of the estimates 

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling 

and nonsampling error. Nonsampling error occurs 

when a sample is surveyed rather than the entire 

population. There is a chance that the sample 

estimates may differ from the true population values 

they represent. The difference, or sampling error, 

varies depending on the particular sample selected. 

This variability is measured by the standard error of 

the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at 

the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that 

there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no 

more than 1.6 standard errors from the true 

population value because of sampling error. 

Sampling error estimates are available at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by 

nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for 

many reasons including: the failure to include a 

segment of the population; the inability to obtain data 

from all units in the sample; the inability or 

unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 

timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors 

made in the collection or processing of the data; and 

errors from the employment benchmark data used in 

estimation. 

Other information 

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech

disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access

telecommunications relay services.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Feb.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Total............................................... 7,860 11,094 10,922 11,448 11,283 11,266 5.2 7.0 6.8 7.1 7.0 7.0

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 7,129 10,158 9,935 10,343 10,235 10,185 5.5 7.5 7.3 7.5 7.4 7.4

Mining and logging......................... 20 29 35 34 37 34 3.5 4.7 5.6 5.5 5.8 5.4

Construction................................ 257 392 366 359 383 381 3.4 5.0 4.7 4.6 4.8 4.8

Manufacturing.............................. 577 923 806 746 859 808 4.5 6.9 6.0 5.6 6.4 6.0

Durable goods........................... 301 529 499 422 500 486 3.8 6.4 6.0 5.1 6.0 5.8

Nondurable goods....................... 276 394 307 324 360 321 5.6 7.7 6.1 6.4 7.0 6.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,473 1,968 1,913 1,942 1,832 1,863 5.1 6.6 6.4 6.4 6.1 6.2

Wholesale trade......................... 223 345 318 295 294 313 3.8 5.7 5.3 4.9 4.8 5.1

Retail trade............................... 854 1,038 1,036 1,036 1,029 1,061 5.3 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.3

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 396 585 559 611 510 489 5.7 8.0 7.6 8.2 6.9 6.6

Information.................................. 111 179 193 232 217 207 3.9 5.8 6.2 7.4 6.9 6.6

Financial activities......................... 310 445 492 470 502 450 3.4 4.8 5.3 5.0 5.4 4.8

Finance and insurance................. 237 338 372 355 376 313 3.5 4.9 5.4 5.1 5.4 4.5

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 73 107 119 115 126 137 3.2 4.5 4.9 4.8 5.2 5.5

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,497 2,043 1,904 2,021 2,078 2,088 6.7 8.6 8.1 8.5 8.7 8.7

Education and health services........... 1,617 2,097 2,125 2,187 2,146 2,226 6.4 8.1 8.2 8.4 8.2 8.5

Educational services.................... 117 192 205 217 178 204 3.3 5.0 5.3 5.5 4.6 5.2

Health care and social assistance. . .. 1,500 1,905 1,920 1,970 1,968 2,022 7.0 8.6 8.7 8.9 8.9 9.0

Leisure and hospitality.................... 986 1,632 1,666 1,990 1,698 1,705 6.9 10.0 10.0 11.7 10.0 9.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 156 184 196 205 175 207 8.0 8.0 8.3 8.6 7.3 8.5

Accommodation and food services. .. 830 1,448 1,470 1,785 1,523 1,498 6.7 10.3 10.3 12.2 10.4 10.2

Other services.............................. 281 451 435 362 483 422 5.0 7.5 7.2 6.1 7.9 7.0

Government................................... 732 935 987 1,105 1,048 1,081 3.2 4.1 4.3 4.8 4.5 4.6

Federal...................................... 105 127 151 167 125 148 3.5 4.2 5.0 5.5 4.2 4.9

State and local............................. 626 808 836 938 924 933 3.2 4.0 4.2 4.6 4.6 4.6

State and local education.............. 223 313 329 361 373 386 2.2 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.6

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 404 496 507 577 551 547 4.3 5.2 5.3 6.0 5.8 5.7

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 1,297 1,777 1,880 1,923 1,952 1,862 4.8 6.3 6.6 6.8 6.8 6.5

South........................................... 3,160 4,269 4,137 4,330 4,237 4,311 5.6 7.2 7.0 7.2 7.1 7.1

Midwest........................................ 1,661 2,515 2,410 2,530 2,587 2,413 5.1 7.3 7.0 7.3 7.4 6.9

West............................................ 1,742 2,533 2,495 2,664 2,507 2,679 4.9 6.8 6.7 7.1 6.7 7.1

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Feb.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Total............................................... 6,028 6,460 6,705 6,450 6,426 6,689 4.2 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.4

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 5,699 6,104 6,305 6,062 6,019 6,267 4.7 4.8 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.9

Mining and logging......................... 16 21 19 20 20 24 3.0 3.6 3.3 3.5 3.4 4.1

Construction................................ 382 362 428 361 323 398 5.2 4.9 5.7 4.8 4.3 5.2

Manufacturing.............................. 419 481 465 457 467 482 3.4 3.9 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.8

Durable goods........................... 235 271 256 258 250 269 3.1 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.4

Nondurable goods....................... 184 210 209 199 217 214 4.0 4.5 4.4 4.2 4.6 4.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,231 1,354 1,406 1,377 1,371 1,491 4.5 4.8 5.0 4.9 4.8 5.2

Wholesale trade......................... 153 171 194 170 170 171 2.7 3.0 3.4 3.0 3.0 3.0

Retail trade............................... 783 867 905 901 898 1,003 5.1 5.6 5.8 5.8 5.7 6.4

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 295 315 307 306 303 317 4.6 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.6

Information.................................. 97 119 114 111 116 87 3.5 4.1 3.9 3.8 4.0 3.0

Financial activities......................... 199 218 233 229 236 214 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.4

Finance and insurance................. 134 137 153 145 161 142 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 65 80 81 84 75 72 2.9 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.3 3.1

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,227 1,310 1,295 1,212 1,242 1,292 5.9 6.1 6.0 5.6 5.7 5.9

Education and health services........... 740 826 867 846 832 883 3.2 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.7

Educational services.................... 91 118 109 102 103 110 2.6 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.9

Health care and social assistance. . .. 649 708 758 744 730 774 3.2 3.5 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.8

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,145 1,179 1,216 1,192 1,202 1,162 8.6 8.0 8.2 7.9 7.9 7.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 129 156 162 165 165 159 7.2 7.3 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.1

Accommodation and food services. .. 1,015 1,023 1,054 1,027 1,037 1,003 8.8 8.1 8.3 8.0 7.9 7.6

Other services.............................. 244 234 262 256 210 233 4.6 4.2 4.7 4.6 3.7 4.1

Government................................... 329 356 400 388 407 422 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9

Federal...................................... 41 46 45 45 41 41 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4

State and local............................. 288 310 355 344 366 381 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0

State and local education.............. 141 155 197 183 200 191 1.4 1.5 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.8

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 147 156 158 161 166 190 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.1

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 942 991 1,001 999 1,007 1,060 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 4.0

South........................................... 2,339 2,677 2,814 2,650 2,611 2,782 4.4 4.9 5.1 4.8 4.7 5.0

Midwest........................................ 1,377 1,342 1,380 1,396 1,318 1,282 4.4 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.1 3.9

West............................................ 1,370 1,450 1,510 1,406 1,490 1,565 4.1 4.2 4.4 4.0 4.3 4.5

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Feb.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Total............................................... 5,400 5,852 6,197 6,042 6,044 6,092 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.1 4.0 4.1

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 5,082 5,442 5,810 5,648 5,673 5,693 4.2 4.3 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.4

Mining and logging......................... 18 18 15 17 18 16 3.3 3.1 2.6 2.9 3.1 2.7

Construction................................ 429 339 374 329 325 344 5.9 4.5 5.0 4.4 4.3 4.5

Manufacturing.............................. 378 417 418 434 457 458 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.6

Durable goods........................... 203 224 243 244 246 256 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.3

Nondurable goods....................... 175 193 175 190 211 202 3.8 4.1 3.7 4.0 4.5 4.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,112 1,262 1,338 1,330 1,308 1,361 4.1 4.5 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.8

Wholesale trade......................... 145 162 167 142 161 158 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.5 2.8 2.7

Retail trade............................... 743 847 899 916 865 950 4.9 5.4 5.8 5.9 5.5 6.1

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 224 253 272 272 282 252 3.4 3.7 4.0 4.0 4.1 3.6

Information.................................. 79 101 93 112 122 77 2.9 3.5 3.2 3.8 4.2 2.6

Financial activities......................... 197 195 201 206 233 177 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.0

Finance and insurance................. 136 130 140 135 163 122 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.5 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 61 65 61 70 70 55 2.7 2.8 2.7 3.0 3.0 2.3

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,137 1,095 1,227 1,150 1,133 1,205 5.4 5.1 5.6 5.3 5.2 5.5

Education and health services........... 650 759 857 800 805 793 2.8 3.2 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.3

Educational services.................... 68 84 90 84 89 94 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.5

Health care and social assistance. . .. 582 674 767 716 716 699 2.9 3.3 3.8 3.5 3.5 3.4

Leisure and hospitality.................... 859 1,028 1,072 1,029 1,052 1,051 6.5 7.0 7.2 6.8 6.9 6.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 93 137 132 123 143 132 5.2 6.4 6.1 5.6 6.5 5.9

Accommodation and food services. .. 766 891 939 906 909 919 6.7 7.1 7.4 7.0 7.0 7.0

Other services.............................. 223 228 215 241 219 211 4.2 4.1 3.9 4.3 3.9 3.8

Government................................... 318 410 387 395 371 399 1.5 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8

Federal...................................... 37 52 41 57 44 42 1.3 1.8 1.4 2.0 1.5 1.5

State and local............................. 282 358 345 338 327 356 1.5 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.8

State and local education.............. 138 171 172 174 160 182 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.8

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 144 187 173 163 167 175 1.6 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 866 872 922 815 881 905 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.4

South........................................... 2,144 2,431 2,550 2,507 2,413 2,442 4.0 4.4 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.4

Midwest........................................ 1,205 1,227 1,344 1,341 1,254 1,293 3.9 3.8 4.2 4.1 3.9 4.0

West............................................ 1,185 1,322 1,381 1,380 1,497 1,452 3.5 3.8 4.0 4.0 4.3 4.1

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Feb.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Total............................................... 3,439 4,132 4,510 4,403 4,258 4,352 2.4 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.9

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 3,249 3,884 4,266 4,164 4,032 4,106 2.7 3.1 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.2

Mining and logging......................... 9 11 10 13 14 13 1.7 1.9 1.7 2.1 2.3 2.1

Construction................................ 168 189 215 185 172 169 2.3 2.5 2.9 2.5 2.3 2.2

Manufacturing.............................. 275 295 307 322 315 337 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.7

Durable goods........................... 149 154 185 180 165 187 2.0 2.0 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.4

Nondurable goods....................... 125 141 122 141 150 150 2.7 3.0 2.6 3.0 3.2 3.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 769 964 1,024 1,082 991 1,061 2.8 3.4 3.6 3.8 3.5 3.7

Wholesale trade......................... 87 112 128 113 112 123 1.5 2.0 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.1

Retail trade............................... 553 690 710 786 697 771 3.6 4.4 4.6 5.0 4.5 4.9

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 129 161 186 183 181 167 2.0 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.4

Information.................................. 40 59 51 61 45 50 1.4 2.0 1.8 2.1 1.5 1.7

Financial activities......................... 120 120 132 130 164 123 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.4

Finance and insurance................. 81 73 85 81 113 83 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.7 1.3

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 39 46 48 49 51 40 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 1.7

Professional and business services. . . .. 631 720 834 760 711 704 3.0 3.3 3.8 3.5 3.2 3.2

Education and health services........... 466 582 689 597 617 626 2.0 2.4 2.9 2.5 2.6 2.6

Educational services.................... 41 56 63 57 58 54 1.2 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.4

Health care and social assistance. . .. 425 526 626 540 559 571 2.1 2.6 3.1 2.7 2.8 2.8

Leisure and hospitality.................... 641 809 881 856 853 863 4.8 5.5 5.9 5.7 5.6 5.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 45 71 68 81 71 68 2.5 3.3 3.1 3.7 3.2 3.0

Accommodation and food services. .. 596 738 813 776 782 795 5.2 5.9 6.4 6.0 6.0 6.0

Other services.............................. 130 136 123 159 152 161 2.4 2.5 2.2 2.8 2.7 2.9

Government................................... 191 248 244 238 225 246 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1

Federal...................................... 17 25 23 23 24 23 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

State and local............................. 174 223 221 215 202 223 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.2

State and local education.............. 89 104 102 108 100 114 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 85 119 119 107 101 109 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 450 585 608 601 580 594 1.8 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2

South........................................... 1,421 1,731 1,883 1,820 1,748 1,752 2.7 3.1 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.1

Midwest........................................ 787 870 1,008 998 898 960 2.5 2.7 3.1 3.1 2.8 2.9

West............................................ 782 946 1,010 985 1,032 1,046 2.3 2.7 2.9 2.8 3.0 3.0

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Feb.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Total............................................... 1,641 1,342 1,295 1,262 1,403 1,386 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 1,572 1,265 1,228 1,183 1,327 1,307 1.3 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0

Mining and logging......................... 8 5 4 4 3 3 1.4 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5

Construction................................ 248 138 150 133 144 155 3.4 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.9 2.0

Manufacturing.............................. 78 99 81 90 115 101 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.8

Durable goods........................... 39 54 40 49 62 54 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7

Nondurable goods....................... 40 45 41 41 53 47 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 300 246 251 192 253 240 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.8

Wholesale trade......................... 49 43 36 20 35 29 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.5

Retail trade............................... 167 130 141 102 145 138 1.1 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.9

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 84 72 74 70 73 73 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1

Information.................................. 27 31 31 38 74 14 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.3 2.5 0.5

Financial activities......................... 48 37 28 44 33 43 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.5

Finance and insurance................. 27 20 16 24 20 28 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 21 17 13 19 13 15 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.6

Professional and business services. . . .. 448 311 308 306 326 404 2.1 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.8

Education and health services........... 147 129 126 166 148 132 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.5

Educational services.................... 23 22 22 20 22 30 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.8

Health care and social assistance. . .. 124 107 105 147 126 102 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.5

Leisure and hospitality.................... 189 192 167 141 177 169 1.4 1.3 1.1 0.9 1.2 1.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 45 62 62 37 70 62 2.5 2.9 2.9 1.7 3.2 2.8

Accommodation and food services. .. 144 130 106 104 107 107 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

Other services.............................. 79 76 81 69 54 46 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.0 0.8

Government................................... 69 77 67 79 75 79 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4

Federal...................................... 10 10 5 19 7 7 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.2

State and local............................. 59 67 61 60 69 72 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

State and local education.............. 27 33 38 33 34 39 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 33 34 24 26 35 33 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 365 228 240 156 230 237 1.4 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.9

South........................................... 583 540 525 550 521 546 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0

Midwest........................................ 352 284 244 271 281 278 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9

West............................................ 342 290 286 286 371 325 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.9

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Feb.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Total............................................... 319 379 393 377 383 355 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 261 293 317 300 313 281 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging......................... 1 2 1 1 1 1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1

Construction................................ 13 12 9 12 9 20 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3

Manufacturing.............................. 25 23 31 22 27 20 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods........................... 15 16 19 15 19 15 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods....................... 10 7 12 7 8 6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 44 53 64 56 65 60 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Wholesale trade......................... 10 7 3 9 14 6 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1

Retail trade............................... 23 26 48 28 22 42 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 11 20 12 19 28 12 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.2

Information.................................. 12 11 11 13 4 13 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.4

Financial activities......................... 29 39 41 32 36 11 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.1

Finance and insurance................. 28 37 40 30 30 11 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 1 2 1 2 6 0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0

Professional and business services. . . .. 58 64 85 83 97 97 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

Education and health services........... 38 48 42 37 40 35 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Educational services.................... 4 6 5 8 8 10 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3

Health care and social assistance. . .. 33 42 37 29 31 25 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1

Leisure and hospitality.................... 29 26 23 31 23 20 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 3 4 3 5 2 2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services. .. 26 23 21 26 20 17 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Other services.............................. 13 16 11 13 13 4 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Government................................... 58 85 76 77 70 74 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal...................................... 9 18 13 14 14 13 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4

State and local............................. 49 68 63 63 57 61 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local education.............. 22 34 32 33 26 29 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 27 34 30 30 31 33 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 51 59 74 59 71 74 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3

South........................................... 140 160 142 137 145 145 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3

Midwest........................................ 67 73 92 72 75 55 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

West............................................ 61 86 85 109 94 81 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment..

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 7,472 11,197 10,781 5.0 7.1 6.7

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 6,771 10,166 9,737 5.3 7.5 7.1

Mining and logging............................................... 18 37 32 3.2 6.0 5.2

Construction....................................................... 239 389 364 3.3 5.1 4.8

Manufacturing..................................................... 577 860 802 4.5 6.4 6.0

Durable goods.................................................. 301 500 481 3.8 6.0 5.8

Nondurable goods............................................. 276 361 321 5.7 7.1 6.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,309 1,648 1,683 4.6 5.5 5.6

Wholesale trade................................................ 215 296 300 3.7 4.9 5.0

Retail trade..................................................... 724 857 929 4.6 5.2 5.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 370 495 454 5.4 6.7 6.2

Information........................................................ 107 220 200 3.8 7.1 6.4

Financial activities................................................ 298 578 440 3.3 6.2 4.7

Finance and insurance........................................ 237 430 304 3.5 6.2 4.4

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 61 148 136 2.7 6.1 5.6

Professional and business services............................ 1,431 2,120 2,023 6.5 9.0 8.5

Education and health services.................................. 1,568 2,295 2,167 6.3 8.8 8.2

Educational services.......................................... 115 187 199 3.1 4.9 4.9

Health care and social assistance........................... 1,454 2,109 1,968 6.8 9.5 8.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 948 1,515 1,619 7.0 9.5 9.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 165 185 223 9.6 8.6 10.0

Accommodation and food services.......................... 784 1,330 1,396 6.7 9.6 9.9

Other services.................................................... 276 502 406 5.0 8.3 6.8

Government.......................................................... 701 1,031 1,044 3.1 4.5 4.5

Federal............................................................. 101 122 146 3.4 4.1 4.9

State and local.................................................... 600 909 898 3.0 4.5 4.4

State and local education..................................... 193 347 346 1.9 3.2 3.1

State and local, excluding education........................ 407 562 551 4.4 6.0 5.9

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 1,251 2,006 1,799 4.7 7.1 6.4

South................................................................. 3,035 4,147 4,181 5.4 7.0 7.0

Midwest............................................................... 1,576 2,500 2,289 4.9 7.3 6.6

West.................................................................. 1,610 2,544 2,511 4.6 6.9 6.7

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 4,931 6,155 5,522 3.5 4.2 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,686 5,779 5,207 3.9 4.6 4.1

Mining and logging............................................... 14 21 23 2.6 3.6 3.8

Construction....................................................... 317 284 342 4.5 3.9 4.7

Manufacturing..................................................... 370 476 429 3.0 3.8 3.4

Durable goods.................................................. 210 259 243 2.8 3.3 3.1

Nondurable goods............................................. 160 217 185 3.5 4.6 3.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 917 1,163 1,168 3.4 4.1 4.1

Wholesale trade................................................ 131 179 146 2.4 3.1 2.5

Retail trade..................................................... 586 707 797 3.9 4.5 5.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 200 277 225 3.1 4.0 3.3

Information........................................................ 81 122 63 2.9 4.2 2.2

Financial activities................................................ 169 267 178 1.9 3.0 2.0

Finance and insurance........................................ 120 188 126 1.8 2.9 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 49 79 52 2.2 3.5 2.2

Professional and business services............................ 1,067 1,270 1,136 5.2 5.9 5.2

Education and health services.................................. 616 929 761 2.6 3.9 3.2

Educational services.......................................... 67 121 88 1.9 3.3 2.3

Health care and social assistance........................... 549 808 673 2.8 4.0 3.3

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 953 1,038 937 7.6 7.2 6.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 83 119 101 5.3 6.1 5.0

Accommodation and food services.......................... 870 919 836 7.9 7.3 6.6

Other services.................................................... 183 210 171 3.5 3.8 3.1

Government.......................................................... 246 376 315 1.1 1.7 1.4

Federal............................................................. 32 37 31 1.1 1.3 1.1

State and local.................................................... 214 339 284 1.1 1.8 1.5

State and local education..................................... 108 204 143 1.0 2.0 1.3

State and local, excluding education........................ 106 135 141 1.2 1.5 1.6

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 702 919 844 2.8 3.5 3.2

South................................................................. 1,968 2,617 2,344 3.7 4.8 4.2

Midwest............................................................... 1,130 1,205 1,027 3.7 3.8 3.2

West.................................................................. 1,132 1,414 1,308 3.4 4.1 3.8

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 4,354 6,341 4,940 3.1 4.3 3.3

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,145 6,012 4,671 3.5 4.8 3.7

Mining and logging............................................... 21 21 17 3.9 3.6 2.9

Construction....................................................... 342 350 281 4.9 4.9 3.9

Manufacturing..................................................... 323 446 388 2.7 3.6 3.1

Durable goods.................................................. 169 240 213 2.2 3.1 2.7

Nondurable goods............................................. 153 206 176 3.3 4.4 3.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 918 1,537 1,117 3.4 5.4 4.0

Wholesale trade................................................ 128 164 138 2.3 2.9 2.4

Retail trade..................................................... 601 947 779 4.0 6.1 5.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 189 426 200 2.9 6.2 2.9

Information........................................................ 66 136 62 2.4 4.7 2.1

Financial activities................................................ 176 281 150 2.0 3.2 1.7

Finance and insurance........................................ 126 190 111 1.9 2.9 1.7

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 50 91 39 2.3 4.0 1.7

Professional and business services............................ 1,002 1,207 1,092 4.9 5.6 5.0

Education and health services.................................. 560 875 666 2.4 3.7 2.8

Educational services.......................................... 40 90 57 1.1 2.5 1.5

Health care and social assistance........................... 520 785 610 2.6 3.9 3.0

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 568 953 746 4.5 6.6 5.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 38 121 64 2.4 6.2 3.2

Accommodation and food services.......................... 530 832 682 4.8 6.7 5.4

Other services.................................................... 170 207 150 3.2 3.7 2.7

Government.......................................................... 209 329 269 1.0 1.5 1.2

Federal............................................................. 32 53 36 1.1 1.8 1.3

State and local.................................................... 177 276 233 0.9 1.4 1.2

State and local education..................................... 70 124 96 0.7 1.2 0.9

State and local, excluding education........................ 107 152 137 1.2 1.7 1.5

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 647 964 703 2.6 3.7 2.7

South................................................................. 1,800 2,538 2,075 3.4 4.6 3.7

Midwest............................................................... 982 1,315 1,034 3.2 4.1 3.2

West.................................................................. 925 1,523 1,128 2.8 4.4 3.2

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 2,698 4,092 3,472 1.9 2.8 2.3

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 2,567 3,898 3,294 2.1 3.1 2.6

Mining and logging............................................... 9 15 13 1.8 2.5 2.2

Construction....................................................... 135 160 134 1.9 2.2 1.8

Manufacturing..................................................... 231 289 285 1.9 2.3 2.3

Durable goods.................................................. 122 148 155 1.6 1.9 2.0

Nondurable goods............................................. 109 140 130 2.4 3.0 2.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 619 946 852 2.3 3.3 3.0

Wholesale trade................................................ 67 109 103 1.2 1.9 1.8

Retail trade..................................................... 434 668 614 2.9 4.3 4.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 119 170 135 1.8 2.5 2.0

Information........................................................ 34 45 43 1.2 1.6 1.5

Financial activities................................................ 101 178 101 1.2 2.0 1.1

Finance and insurance........................................ 69 120 71 1.1 1.8 1.1

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 32 59 30 1.5 2.6 1.3

Professional and business services............................ 531 715 589 2.6 3.3 2.7

Education and health services.................................. 391 638 524 1.7 2.7 2.2

Educational services.......................................... 28 60 36 0.8 1.7 0.9

Health care and social assistance........................... 363 578 487 1.8 2.9 2.4

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 422 768 632 3.4 5.3 4.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 24 59 44 1.5 3.0 2.2

Accommodation and food services.......................... 399 709 588 3.6 5.7 4.6

Other services.................................................... 94 144 121 1.8 2.6 2.2

Government.......................................................... 131 194 178 0.6 0.9 0.8

Federal............................................................. 15 25 20 0.5 0.9 0.7

State and local.................................................... 116 169 158 0.6 0.9 0.8

State and local education..................................... 49 81 67 0.5 0.8 0.6

State and local, excluding education........................ 67 88 91 0.8 1.0 1.0

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 333 574 475 1.3 2.2 1.8

South................................................................. 1,163 1,735 1,456 2.2 3.2 2.6

Midwest............................................................... 618 835 755 2.0 2.6 2.3

West.................................................................. 584 948 786 1.8 2.8 2.3

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 1,373 1,776 1,154 1.0 1.2 0.8

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 1,336 1,712 1,114 1.1 1.4 0.9

Mining and logging............................................... 10 4 3 1.9 0.7 0.6

Construction....................................................... 197 180 130 2.8 2.5 1.8

Manufacturing..................................................... 70 121 86 0.6 1.0 0.7

Durable goods.................................................. 35 65 45 0.5 0.8 0.6

Nondurable goods............................................. 34 56 41 0.8 1.2 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 259 518 208 1.0 1.8 0.7

Wholesale trade................................................ 53 38 30 1.0 0.7 0.5

Retail trade..................................................... 146 252 124 1.0 1.6 0.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 60 227 54 0.9 3.3 0.8

Information........................................................ 21 84 7 0.8 2.9 0.2

Financial activities................................................ 46 43 40 0.5 0.5 0.4

Finance and insurance........................................ 29 23 31 0.4 0.3 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 17 21 9 0.8 0.9 0.4

Professional and business services............................ 419 364 407 2.0 1.7 1.9

Education and health services.................................. 130 184 111 0.6 0.8 0.5

Educational services.......................................... 10 19 14 0.3 0.5 0.4

Health care and social assistance........................... 120 165 97 0.6 0.8 0.5

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 122 164 97 1.0 1.1 0.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 13 60 18 0.8 3.1 0.9

Accommodation and food services.......................... 110 103 79 1.0 0.8 0.6

Other services.................................................... 63 50 26 1.2 0.9 0.5

Government.......................................................... 36 64 40 0.2 0.3 0.2

Federal............................................................. 8 10 6 0.3 0.4 0.2

State and local.................................................... 28 54 34 0.1 0.3 0.2

State and local education..................................... 10 25 17 0.1 0.2 0.2

State and local, excluding education........................ 18 29 17 0.2 0.3 0.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 272 308 163 1.1 1.2 0.6

South................................................................. 505 616 480 1.0 1.1 0.9

Midwest............................................................... 312 393 239 1.0 1.2 0.7

West.................................................................. 284 459 271 0.9 1.3 0.8

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Feb.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 283 472 314 0.2 0.3 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 242 402 263 0.2 0.3 0.2

Mining and logging............................................... 1 2 1 0.2 0.4 0.1

Construction....................................................... 10 9 17 0.1 0.1 0.2

Manufacturing..................................................... 22 36 18 0.2 0.3 0.1

Durable goods.................................................. 13 27 13 0.2 0.3 0.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 10 10 5 0.2 0.2 0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 40 73 56 0.1 0.3 0.2

Wholesale trade................................................ 8 17 5 0.2 0.3 0.1

Retail trade..................................................... 22 27 41 0.1 0.2 0.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 10 29 11 0.2 0.4 0.2

Information........................................................ 11 7 13 0.4 0.3 0.4

Financial activities................................................ 29 59 10 0.3 0.7 0.1

Finance and insurance........................................ 28 47 10 0.4 0.7 0.1

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 1 12 0 0.0 0.5 0.0

Professional and business services............................ 53 128 96 0.3 0.6 0.4

Education and health services.................................. 39 53 32 0.2 0.2 0.1

Educational services.......................................... 3 11 7 0.1 0.3 0.2

Health care and social assistance........................... 36 42 25 0.2 0.2 0.1

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 24 21 17 0.2 0.1 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 2 2 1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 22 20 15 0.2 0.2 0.1

Other services.................................................... 12 13 3 0.2 0.2 0.1

Government.......................................................... 41 70 51 0.2 0.3 0.2

Federal............................................................. 8 18 10 0.3 0.6 0.3

State and local.................................................... 33 53 41 0.2 0.3 0.2

State and local education..................................... 10 18 12 0.1 0.2 0.1

State and local, excluding education........................ 23 35 29 0.3 0.4 0.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 42 82 65 0.2 0.3 0.2

South................................................................. 133 187 138 0.3 0.3 0.2

Midwest............................................................... 52 88 40 0.2 0.3 0.1

West.................................................................. 57 116 71 0.2 0.3 0.2

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.