For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Thursday, May 27, 2021 USDL-21-0936 

Technical information: (202) 691-5606 • productivity@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/lpc

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

PRODUCTIVITY BY STATE – 2020

Labor productivity in the private nonfarm sector rose in 45 states and the District of Columbia in 2020, 

the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. This is the highest number of states with positive 

productivity growth since 2010. Output decreased in all 50 states and the District in 2020 and hours 

worked decreased in all but 1 state – Idaho. Hawaii and Nevada experienced the highest growth in labor 

productivity of 8.5 percent and 8.0 percent, respectively. (See chart 1 and table 1.) 

Chart 1. Labor productivity by state, percent change, 2020
Chart 2 displays selected states with their productivity changes and respective gains or losses in output 

and hours worked in 2020. 

• The ten states with the fastest growth in productivity all saw gains of more than 5.0 percent: 

o Hawaii, 8.5 percent

o Nevada, 8.0 percent

o Alaska, 6.3 percent

o California, 6.1 percent

o District of Columbia, 5.9 percent

o Oregon, 5.8 percent

o Massachusetts, 5.7 percent

o Delaware, 5.7 percent 

o New Jersey, 5.4 percent

o New York, 5.2 percent

• Labor productivity declined in five states (Idaho, South Dakota, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and 

Montana) due to a more rapid decline in output than in hours worked. Idaho is the only state with 

an increase in hours (1.1 percent) and lower labor productivity. 

• All other states saw increases in labor productivity due to declines in hours that outpaced declines

in output. 

Chart 2. Labor productivity, output, and hours worked for select states, percent change, 2020 

Each state’s annual contribution to national productivity growth is calculated by multiplying the state’s 

productivity growth rate by its average share of total current dollar national output. The economic size of 

each state influences its contribution to national and regional estimates. For 2020, California had the 

largest contribution to national growth. The state’s 6.1-percent growth in labor productivity in 2020 

contributed nearly one quarter of the 3.6-percent growth of the nation. (See chart 3.) 

-5 0 5 10 15 20

Idaho

South Dakota

Oklahoma

Tennessee

Montana

Wyoming

Kentucky

Wisconsin

Alabama

Minnesota

New York

New Jersey

Delaware

Massachusetts

Oregon

District of Columbia

California

Alaska

Nevada

Hawaii

Percent Change

Productivity

-20 -15 -10 -5 0 5

Percent Change

Output Hours

2
Chart 3. Contributions to national labor productivity, 2020

Long term trends

Chart 4 shows the average annual percent change in labor productivity for all 50 states and the District of 

Columbia for the period 2007-2020.

Chart 4. Labor productivity by state, average annual percent change, 2007-2020

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

Georgia

Washington

Michigan

Pennsylvania

Texas

New Jersey

Massachusetts

Florida

New York

California

National

National productivity growth is equal to the sum of the 

contributions of each state. This chart shows 

contributions of the top 10 states.

3
• From 2007 to 2020, labor productivity rose in 48 states and the District of Columbia. 

• Output increased in 44 states and the District of Columbia during this period, while hours worked 

increased in only 15 states. 

• North Dakota experienced the highest rate of growth of 3.1 percent. Wyoming posted a slight 

decline in labor productivity over the long term, and Louisiana saw no change.

• The first and last years of this series coincide with severe recessions. During the recession of 2007 

to 2009, 47 states experienced increases in labor productivity, though only 10 saw growth in 

output. No state saw an increase in hours worked during that period. These trends closely mirror 

the most recent year’s labor productivity and hours trends. (See chart 5.)

Chart 5. Number of states with increases in labor productivity, output, and hours worked, 2007-2020

Chart 6 shows states with the highest contribution to the national average annual percent change in labor 

productivity from 2007 to 2020. California, New York, and Texas, which have the largest economies, 

contributed the most to national productivity growth, about 40 percent of the 1.4-percent increase.

Chart 6. Contributions to national labor productivity, average annual percent change, 2007-2020

0

10

20

30

40

50

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Labor productivity Output Hours

Note: Shaded areas denote years that include recessions 

Number of States

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6

Ohio

Georgia

Illinois

Florida

Massachusetts

Pennsylvania

Washington

Texas

New York

California

National

National productivity growth is equal to the sum of the 

contributions of each state. This chart shows 

contributions of the top 10 states.

4
Additional Information

Output and compensation measures for 2019 and earlier years reflect revisions to GDP by state and 

industry data published by the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Hours and employment data through 2019 

have been revised to incorporate the BLS 2020 Current Employment Statistics benchmark. 

The COVID-19 pandemic did not impact the availability of source data used to construct productivity 

measures in this release. Data source providers continued to collect and publish high quality industry data 

for 2020. Additional information can be found on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/covid19/effects-ofcovid-19-pandemic-on-productivity-and-costs-statistics.htm#Industry-Productivity. 

Access the following productivity data at www.bls.gov/lpc/lpc-by-state-and-region.xlsx: 

• Detailed data series: indexes of productivity and related measures; rates of change; and levels of state

employment, hours worked, nominal value of production, and labor compensation 

• Additional years and long-term data

Subscribe to productivity news releases on the BLS website at 

https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDOLBLS/subscriber/new. 

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with a sensory impairment upon request. 

Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 

5
Technical Note

Labor Productivity: Labor productivity describes the relationship between real output and the labor 

hours involved in its production. These measures show the changes from period to period in the amount 

of goods and services produced per hour worked. Although the labor productivity measures relate output 

in a state to hours worked of all persons in that state, they do not measure the specific contribution of labor 

to growth in output. Rather, they reflect the joint effects of many influences, including: changes in 

technology; capital investment; utilization of capacity, energy, and materials; the use of purchased services 

inputs, including contract employment services; the organization of production; the characteristics and 

effort of the workforce; and managerial skill. 

Output: Measures of output for the private nonfarm sector are created using GDP by state and industry 

data published by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). BEA does not produce a private nonfarm 

sector measure of real output by state. To create the necessary output series, several industry components

are subtracted — the farm sector, private households, and owner-occupied housing — from GDP by state 

using a Fisher ideal index formula. 

Labor Hours: Hours are the number of hours worked by all employed persons, including wage and salary 

workers, self-employed persons, and unpaid family workers. Hours for wage and salary workers are 

primarily from BLS Current Employment Statistics (CES) and hours for self-employed and unpaid family 

workers are from the BLS Current Population Survey (CPS). The hours are adjusted from an hours paid 

basis to an hours worked basis using data from the BLS National Compensation Survey (NCS).

Unit Labor Costs: Unit labor costs represent the cost of labor required to produce one unit of output. The 

unit labor cost indexes are computed by dividing an index of nominal industry labor compensation by an 

index of real industry output. Unit labor costs also describe the relationship between compensation per 

hour worked (hourly compensation) and real output per hour worked (labor productivity). When hourly 

compensation growth outpaces productivity, unit labor costs increase. Alternatively, when productivity 

growth exceeds hourly compensation, unit labor costs decrease. 

Labor Compensation: Labor compensation, defined as payroll plus supplemental payments, is a 

measure of the cost to the employer of securing the services of labor. Labor compensation measures are 

constructed using BEA nonfarm compensation less private household compensation. Compensation for 

self-employed and unpaid family workers are imputed by assuming that hourly compensation for these 

workers is the same as the average wage and salary worker in each state. 

Contributions to Labor Productivity: Each state’s contribution to national productivity growth is 

calculated by multiplying the state’s productivity growth rate by its average share of total current dollar 

national output. Adding up these contributions will approximate, but may not exactly equal, growth rates 

of national productivity. Contributions measures used in this release capture the effects of within-state 

productivity changes but do not include the effects of shifting shares of output and labor among states. 

6
Table 1. Recent labor productivity and related data, private nonfarm sector

Area Name

2020

Employment

(thousands)

Percent change, 2019-2020

Labor

productivity Output Hoursworked

Unit labor

costs

Labor

compensation

Hourly

compensation

States

Alabama...................................... 1,714.867 1.2 -3.3 -4.5 5.1 1.6 6.4

Alaska........................................ 252.820 6.3 -5.8 -11.4 2.8 -3.3 9.2

Arizona....................................... 2,677.265 1.6 -1.3 -2.8 5.4 4.1 7.1

Arkansas..................................... 1,102.077 1.7 -2.9 -4.5 5.4 2.4 7.3

California..................................... 15,072.010 6.1 -3.3 -8.9 3.1 -0.4 9.4

Colorado...................................... 2,400.663 4.4 -1.6 -5.7 2.4 0.8 6.9

Connecticut.................................. 1,482.875 1.7 -4.4 -6.0 4.7 0.1 6.5

Delaware..................................... 389.800 5.7 -4.1 -9.3 2.9 -1.4 8.7

District of Columbia.......................... 523.555 5.9 -3.6 -9.0 3.3 -0.4 9.4

Florida........................................ 7,904.533 3.9 -3.4 -7.0 4.5 1.0 8.6

Georgia....................................... 3,968.532 3.7 -2.8 -6.3 3.1 0.2 6.9

Hawaii........................................ 479.819 8.5 -11.0 -18.0 0.5 -10.6 9.1

Idaho.......................................... 703.229 -2.5 -1.4 1.1 9.2 7.7 6.4

Illinois......................................... 5,175.867 2.1 -4.8 -6.7 3.4 -1.6 5.5

Indiana........................................ 2,724.498 2.0 -3.8 -5.7 3.7 -0.3 5.8

Iowa........................................... 1,350.304 3.3 -3.1 -6.2 3.2 0.1 6.6

Kansas....................................... 1,185.384 2.7 -3.3 -5.8 4.8 1.4 7.7

Kentucky..................................... 1,642.279 0.5 -4.3 -4.8 5.1 0.5 5.6

Louisiana..................................... 1,639.677 4.1 -6.3 -10.0 2.1 -4.4 6.3

Maine......................................... 562.841 3.8 -4.9 -8.3 4.4 -0.7 8.4

Maryland..................................... 2,228.717 4.6 -3.9 -8.1 4.1 0.0 8.9

Massachusetts............................... 3,119.036 5.7 -4.2 -9.4 2.2 -2.1 8.1

Michigan...................................... 3,676.497 5.0 -6.1 -10.6 2.9 -3.4 8.1

Minnesota.................................... 2,563.778 1.5 -4.3 -5.7 4.3 -0.1 5.9

Mississippi.................................... 950.940 2.1 -3.5 -5.4 4.8 1.2 7.0

Missouri...................................... 2,526.624 1.9 -4.2 -6.0 4.5 0.2 6.5

Montana...................................... 427.112 -0.7 -4.3 -3.6 10.2 5.5 9.4

Nebraska..................................... 881.546 1.8 -2.9 -4.6 5.1 2.1 6.9

Nevada....................................... 1,179.902 8.0 -5.2 -12.2 -0.2 -5.4 7.9

New Hampshire.............................. 598.431 1.8 -5.0 -6.7 5.7 0.4 7.6

New Jersey................................... 3,461.639 5.4 -4.4 -9.2 4.3 -0.2 9.9

New Mexico.................................. 676.498 3.4 -4.8 -7.9 2.6 -2.3 6.0

New York..................................... 7,831.527 5.2 -6.6 -11.2 4.3 -2.6 9.8

North Carolina............................... 3,995.857 1.6 -2.9 -4.5 5.2 2.2 6.9

North Dakota................................. 350.665 4.4 -6.0 -9.9 0.7 -5.3 5.2

Ohio........................................... 4,793.787 1.7 -4.4 -6.0 4.6 0.0 6.4

Oklahoma.................................... 1,409.995 -1.4 -7.6 -6.3 6.3 -1.8 4.8

Oregon....................................... 1,699.898 5.8 -3.3 -8.5 3.1 -0.2 9.1

Pennsylvania................................. 5,254.160 4.0 -4.9 -8.6 3.3 -1.8 7.4

Rhode Island................................. 421.227 4.9 -5.1 -9.6 3.4 -1.8 8.6

South Carolina............................... 1,837.460 2.8 -4.7 -7.3 5.1 0.1 8.0

South Dakota................................ 381.596 -1.9 -3.2 -1.3 9.2 5.7 7.1

Tennessee................................... 2,792.998 -1.4 -5.6 -4.2 8.0 2.0 6.5

Texas......................................... 11,182.097 1.8 -4.0 -5.7 3.5 -0.7 5.4

Utah........................................... 1,367.142 3.3 -0.3 -3.5 5.0 4.7 8.5

Vermont...................................... 262.296 4.0 -6.2 -9.8 4.4 -2.1 8.6

Virginia....................................... 3,373.230 2.7 -3.2 -5.8 5.5 2.1 8.4

Washington.................................. 3,005.434 3.9 -0.9 -4.7 4.5 3.5 8.6

West Virginia................................. 554.184 1.6 -7.0 -8.4 1.4 -5.7 3.0

Wisconsin.................................... 2,618.649 1.0 -4.9 -5.8 4.3 -0.8 5.4

Wyoming..................................... 224.707 0.3 -8.3 -8.6 4.3 -4.4 4.7

Regions

Midwest....................................... 28,229.194 2.3 -4.5 -6.6 3.9 -0.8 6.3

Northeast..................................... 22,994.032 4.5 -5.4 -9.5 3.9 -1.7 8.6

South......................................... 47,210.797 2.3 -3.9 -6.1 4.4 0.3 6.9

West.......................................... 30,166.500 4.9 -2.9 -7.5 3.4 0.4 8.5

7
Table 2. Long run labor productivity and related data, private nonfarm sector

Area Name

2020

Employment

(thousands)

Average annual percent change, 2007-2020

Labor

productivity Output Hoursworked

Unit labor

costs

Labor

compensation

Hourly

compensation

States

Alabama...................................... 1,714.867 1.0 0.4 -0.6 1.9 2.3 2.9

Alaska........................................ 252.820 0.5 -0.3 -0.8 2.5 2.2 3.0

Arizona....................................... 2,677.265 0.6 1.1 0.4 2.1 3.2 2.8

Arkansas..................................... 1,102.077 0.8 0.7 0.0 1.9 2.6 2.7

California..................................... 15,072.010 2.3 2.3 0.0 1.1 3.4 3.4

Colorado...................................... 2,400.663 2.0 2.3 0.3 1.4 3.7 3.3

Connecticut.................................. 1,482.875 0.1 -0.6 -0.6 1.9 1.3 2.0

Delaware..................................... 389.800 0.7 0.0 -0.7 1.8 1.9 2.6

District of Columbia.......................... 523.555 0.9 1.3 0.4 2.1 3.4 2.9

Florida........................................ 7,904.533 1.0 1.2 0.1 2.0 3.2 3.1

Georgia....................................... 3,968.532 1.4 1.5 0.1 1.5 3.0 2.9

Hawaii........................................ 479.819 1.7 0.5 -1.3 1.3 1.7 3.0

Idaho.......................................... 703.229 1.2 2.0 0.8 1.5 3.5 2.7

Illinois......................................... 5,175.867 0.9 0.4 -0.5 1.6 2.0 2.5

Indiana........................................ 2,724.498 0.8 0.6 -0.2 1.7 2.4 2.6

Iowa........................................... 1,350.304 0.8 0.6 -0.2 2.1 2.7 2.9

Kansas....................................... 1,185.384 1.7 1.2 -0.5 1.1 2.3 2.8

Kentucky..................................... 1,642.279 1.2 0.6 -0.6 1.8 2.5 3.1

Louisiana..................................... 1,639.677 0.0 -0.4 -0.4 2.3 1.9 2.4

Maine......................................... 562.841 1.0 0.4 -0.6 1.9 2.4 3.0

Maryland..................................... 2,228.717 1.7 1.3 -0.4 1.1 2.5 2.9

Massachusetts............................... 3,119.036 1.9 1.8 0.0 1.2 3.1 3.1

Michigan...................................... 3,676.497 1.0 0.3 -0.7 1.6 1.8 2.6

Minnesota.................................... 2,563.778 1.2 1.3 0.1 1.5 2.9 2.8

Mississippi.................................... 950.940 0.6 -0.1 -0.7 1.9 1.9 2.6

Missouri...................................... 2,526.624 0.9 0.4 -0.5 2.0 2.4 2.9

Montana...................................... 427.112 1.3 0.9 -0.4 2.5 3.5 3.9

Nebraska..................................... 881.546 1.6 1.5 -0.1 1.4 3.0 3.0

Nevada....................................... 1,179.902 0.9 0.1 -0.8 1.9 2.0 2.8

New Hampshire.............................. 598.431 1.4 1.2 -0.1 1.4 2.6 2.8

New Jersey................................... 3,461.639 0.9 0.4 -0.5 1.6 2.0 2.5

New Mexico.................................. 676.498 1.9 1.0 -0.9 0.8 1.8 2.7

New York..................................... 7,831.527 1.6 1.3 -0.3 1.0 2.4 2.6

North Carolina............................... 3,995.857 0.8 1.1 0.3 2.1 3.2 2.9

North Dakota................................. 350.665 3.1 4.4 1.3 0.7 5.1 3.8

Ohio........................................... 4,793.787 1.1 0.8 -0.2 1.4 2.3 2.5

Oklahoma.................................... 1,409.995 1.3 1.5 0.2 1.3 2.9 2.6

Oregon....................................... 1,699.898 2.2 2.1 -0.1 0.9 3.0 3.1

Pennsylvania................................. 5,254.160 1.5 1.2 -0.3 1.2 2.4 2.7

Rhode Island................................. 421.227 1.0 0.2 -0.8 1.8 2.0 2.8

South Carolina............................... 1,837.460 1.4 1.4 0.0 1.7 3.1 3.1

South Dakota................................ 381.596 0.9 1.4 0.5 2.5 4.0 3.5

Tennessee................................... 2,792.998 0.9 1.2 0.3 1.6 2.8 2.6

Texas......................................... 11,182.097 1.3 2.4 1.1 1.5 3.9 2.8

Utah........................................... 1,367.142 1.3 2.5 1.2 1.9 4.5 3.3

Vermont...................................... 262.296 1.5 0.5 -1.0 1.4 2.0 3.0

Virginia....................................... 3,373.230 1.4 1.0 -0.4 1.6 2.6 2.9

Washington.................................. 3,005.434 2.5 3.2 0.7 1.5 4.7 4.0

West Virginia................................. 554.184 1.3 0.3 -1.0 1.3 1.5 2.6

Wisconsin.................................... 2,618.649 1.0 0.9 -0.1 1.6 2.5 2.6

Wyoming..................................... 224.707 -0.2 -1.3 -1.1 2.4 1.1 2.2

Regions

Midwest....................................... 28,229.194 1.0 0.7 -0.3 1.6 2.3 2.6

Northeast..................................... 22,994.032 1.4 1.0 -0.3 1.3 2.4 2.7

South......................................... 47,210.797 1.2 1.4 0.2 1.7 3.1 2.9

West.......................................... 30,166.500 2.0 2.1 0.1 1.3 3.4 3.4

8
Table 3. Labor productivity in selected periods, private nonfarm sector

Area Name

Average annual percent change

2007-2009 2009-2020 2007-2020

States

Alabama...................................... 4.0 0.5 1.0

Alaska........................................ 6.9 -0.6 0.5

Arizona....................................... -1.1 1.0 0.6

Arkansas..................................... 0.8 0.8 0.8

California..................................... 3.5 2.1 2.3

Colorado...................................... 3.0 1.8 2.0

Connecticut.................................. 1.1 -0.1 0.1

Delaware..................................... 4.9 0.0 0.7

District of Columbia.......................... 0.8 0.9 0.9

Florida........................................ 0.8 1.1 1.0

Georgia....................................... 1.1 1.4 1.4

Hawaii........................................ 0.8 1.9 1.7

Idaho.......................................... 5.2 0.5 1.2

Illinois......................................... 1.0 0.9 0.9

Indiana........................................ 0.7 0.8 0.8

Iowa........................................... -0.4 1.0 0.8

Kansas....................................... 0.5 1.9 1.7

Kentucky..................................... 2.5 1.0 1.2

Louisiana..................................... 0.9 -0.1 0.0

Maine......................................... 2.2 0.8 1.0

Maryland..................................... 2.7 1.6 1.7

Massachusetts............................... 1.9 1.9 1.9

Michigan...................................... -0.8 1.3 1.0

Minnesota.................................... 2.5 1.0 1.2

Mississippi.................................... 2.1 0.4 0.6

Missouri...................................... 4.2 0.3 0.9

Montana...................................... 7.0 0.3 1.3

Nebraska..................................... 0.8 1.7 1.6

Nevada....................................... 1.0 0.8 0.9

New Hampshire.............................. 2.1 1.3 1.4

New Jersey................................... 1.0 0.9 0.9

New Mexico.................................. 3.2 1.7 1.9

New York..................................... 2.4 1.4 1.6

North Carolina............................... 3.6 0.3 0.8

North Dakota................................. 5.7 2.6 3.1

Ohio........................................... 0.8 1.1 1.1

Oklahoma.................................... 2.0 1.1 1.3

Oregon....................................... 4.7 1.8 2.2

Pennsylvania................................. 2.3 1.4 1.5

Rhode Island................................. 1.4 1.0 1.0

South Carolina............................... 1.9 1.3 1.4

South Dakota................................ 1.1 0.9 0.9

Tennessee................................... 2.5 0.6 0.9

Texas......................................... 2.2 1.2 1.3

Utah........................................... 0.1 1.5 1.3

Vermont...................................... 3.2 1.2 1.5

Virginia....................................... 3.8 0.9 1.4

Washington.................................. 1.7 2.6 2.5

West Virginia................................. 3.3 0.9 1.3

Wisconsin.................................... 0.5 1.1 1.0

Wyoming..................................... 3.1 -0.8 -0.2

Regions

Midwest....................................... 1.0 1.0 1.0

Northeast..................................... 2.0 1.3 1.4

South......................................... 2.3 1.0 1.2

West.......................................... 2.9 1.8 2.0

9
Table 4. Contributions to national labor productivity, private nonfarm sector

Area Name Share Weight (percent)

Average annual percent change, 2007-2020

Labor Productivity Contribution to National

National...................................... 1.4

Alabama................................... 1.1 1.0 0.011

Alaska...................................... 0.3 0.5 0.002

Arizona..................................... 1.7 0.6 0.010

Arkansas................................... 0.7 0.8 0.005

California................................... 13.6 2.3 0.313

Colorado................................... 1.8 2.0 0.035

Connecticut................................ 1.5 0.1 0.002

Delaware................................... 0.4 0.7 0.003

District of Columbia....................... 0.5 0.9 0.005

Florida...................................... 4.9 1.0 0.049

Georgia.................................... 2.9 1.4 0.040

Hawaii...................................... 0.4 1.7 0.007

Idaho....................................... 0.4 1.2 0.004

Illinois...................................... 4.5 0.9 0.041

Indiana..................................... 1.9 0.8 0.015

Iowa........................................ 0.9 0.8 0.007

Kansas..................................... 0.8 1.7 0.014

Kentucky................................... 1.1 1.2 0.013

Louisiana.................................. 1.4 0.0 0.000

Maine...................................... 0.3 1.0 0.003

Maryland................................... 1.8 1.7 0.031

Massachusetts............................ 2.8 1.9 0.054

Michigan................................... 2.7 1.0 0.027

Minnesota.................................. 1.9 1.2 0.022

Mississippi................................. 0.6 0.6 0.003

Missouri.................................... 1.7 0.9 0.015

Montana................................... 0.2 1.3 0.003

Nebraska.................................. 0.6 1.6 0.009

Nevada..................................... 0.8 0.9 0.008

New Hampshire........................... 0.4 1.4 0.006

New Jersey................................ 3.2 0.9 0.029

New Mexico............................... 0.5 1.9 0.009

New York.................................. 8.3 1.6 0.132

North Carolina............................. 2.8 0.8 0.022

North Dakota.............................. 0.3 3.1 0.008

Ohio........................................ 3.4 1.1 0.038

Oklahoma.................................. 1.0 1.3 0.013

Oregon..................................... 1.1 2.2 0.024

Pennsylvania.............................. 4.1 1.5 0.061

Rhode Island.............................. 0.3 1.0 0.003

South Carolina............................ 1.1 1.4 0.015

South Dakota.............................. 0.2 0.9 0.002

Tennessee................................. 1.8 0.9 0.016

Texas...................................... 9.0 1.3 0.117

Utah........................................ 0.8 1.3 0.011

Vermont.................................... 0.2 1.5 0.002

Virginia..................................... 2.5 1.4 0.035

Washington................................ 2.5 2.5 0.063

West Virginia.............................. 0.4 1.3 0.005

Wisconsin.................................. 1.7 1.0 0.017

Wyoming................................... 0.2 -0.2 0.000

10
Table 5. Contributions to national labor productivity in selected periods, private nonfarm sector

Area Name

Average annual percent change

2007-2009 2009-2020 2007-2020 2019-2020

National...................................... 2.2 1.2 1.4 3.3

Alabama................................... 0.046 0.005 0.011 0.012

Alaska...................................... 0.025 -0.002 0.002 0.014

Arizona..................................... -0.019 0.017 0.010 0.028

Arkansas................................... 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.010

California................................... 0.461 0.287 0.313 0.883

Colorado................................... 0.052 0.032 0.035 0.081

Connecticut................................ 0.019 -0.002 0.002 0.024

Delaware................................... 0.020 0.000 0.003 0.021

District of Columbia....................... 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.031

Florida...................................... 0.040 0.054 0.049 0.203

Georgia.................................... 0.032 0.040 0.040 0.112

Hawaii...................................... 0.003 0.007 0.007 0.032

Idaho....................................... 0.018 0.002 0.004 -0.009

Illinois...................................... 0.046 0.040 0.041 0.090

Indiana..................................... 0.014 0.015 0.015 0.037

Iowa........................................ -0.004 0.009 0.007 0.030

Kansas..................................... 0.004 0.016 0.014 0.022

Kentucky................................... 0.027 0.011 0.013 0.005

Louisiana.................................. 0.014 -0.001 0.000 0.050

Maine...................................... 0.007 0.003 0.003 0.012

Maryland................................... 0.049 0.029 0.031 0.082

Massachusetts............................ 0.052 0.054 0.054 0.165

Michigan................................... -0.022 0.034 0.027 0.129

Minnesota.................................. 0.046 0.019 0.022 0.028

Mississippi................................. 0.013 0.002 0.003 0.011

Missouri.................................... 0.074 0.005 0.015 0.030

Montana................................... 0.017 0.001 0.003 -0.002

Nebraska.................................. 0.005 0.010 0.009 0.011

Nevada..................................... 0.009 0.007 0.008 0.068

New Hampshire........................... 0.009 0.006 0.006 0.008

New Jersey................................ 0.034 0.028 0.029 0.163

New Mexico............................... 0.016 0.008 0.009 0.014

New York.................................. 0.189 0.117 0.132 0.437

North Carolina............................. 0.101 0.008 0.022 0.045

North Dakota.............................. 0.011 0.007 0.008 0.011

Ohio........................................ 0.028 0.038 0.038 0.057

Oklahoma.................................. 0.021 0.011 0.013 -0.012

Oregon..................................... 0.051 0.020 0.024 0.067

Pennsylvania.............................. 0.095 0.057 0.061 0.157

Rhode Island.............................. 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.014

South Carolina............................ 0.020 0.014 0.015 0.031

South Dakota.............................. 0.003 0.002 0.002 -0.005

Tennessee................................. 0.044 0.011 0.016 -0.025

Texas...................................... 0.193 0.109 0.117 0.160

Utah........................................ 0.001 0.013 0.011 0.030

Vermont.................................... 0.005 0.002 0.002 0.006

Virginia..................................... 0.098 0.023 0.035 0.065

Washington................................ 0.040 0.067 0.063 0.113

West Virginia.............................. 0.014 0.004 0.005 0.006

Wisconsin.................................. 0.009 0.019 0.017 0.017

Wyoming................................... 0.009 -0.002 0.000 0.001

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Table 6. Contributions to regional labor productivity, private nonfarm sector

Area Name Share Weight (percent)

Percent change, 2019-2020

Labor Productivity Contribution to Region

Northeast.................................... 4.5

Connecticut................................ 6.7 1.7 0.114

Maine...................................... 1.5 3.8 0.056

Massachusetts............................ 13.9 5.7 0.791

New Hampshire........................... 2.0 1.8 0.036

New Jersey................................ 14.5 5.4 0.784

New York.................................. 40.4 5.2 2.102

Pennsylvania.............................. 18.9 4.0 0.755

Rhode Island.............................. 1.4 4.9 0.067

Vermont.................................... 0.7 4.0 0.029

South......................................... 2.3

Alabama................................... 3.1 1.2 0.037

Arkansas................................... 1.8 1.7 0.031

Delaware................................... 1.1 5.7 0.064

District of Columbia....................... 1.6 5.9 0.093

Florida...................................... 15.5 3.9 0.603

Georgia.................................... 9.0 3.7 0.333

Kentucky................................... 3.0 0.5 0.015

Louisiana.................................. 3.6 4.1 0.149

Maryland................................... 5.3 4.6 0.244

Mississippi................................. 1.5 2.1 0.032

North Carolina............................. 8.3 1.6 0.133

Oklahoma.................................. 2.6 -1.4 -0.037

South Carolina............................ 3.3 2.8 0.094

Tennessee................................. 5.4 -1.4 -0.075

Texas...................................... 26.5 1.8 0.478

Virginia..................................... 7.2 2.7 0.195

West Virginia.............................. 1.0 1.6 0.017

Midwest...................................... 2.3

Illinois...................................... 21.4 2.1 0.450

Indiana..................................... 9.3 2.0 0.187

Iowa........................................ 4.5 3.3 0.148

Kansas..................................... 4.1 2.7 0.111

Michigan................................... 12.9 5.0 0.644

Minnesota.................................. 9.3 1.5 0.139

Missouri.................................... 7.8 1.9 0.149

Nebraska.................................. 3.0 1.8 0.053

North Dakota.............................. 1.3 4.4 0.056

Ohio........................................ 16.8 1.7 0.286

South Dakota.............................. 1.3 -1.9 -0.024

Wisconsin.................................. 8.3 1.0 0.083

West.......................................... 4.9

Alaska...................................... 0.9 6.3 0.055

Arizona..................................... 6.7 1.6 0.108

California................................... 56.5 6.1 3.444

Colorado................................... 7.1 4.4 0.315

Hawaii...................................... 1.5 8.5 0.125

Idaho....................................... 1.5 -2.5 -0.037

Montana................................... 0.9 -0.7 -0.006

Nevada..................................... 3.3 8.0 0.264

New Mexico............................... 1.6 3.4 0.055

Oregon..................................... 4.5 5.8 0.262

Utah........................................ 3.6 3.3 0.119

Washington................................ 11.3 3.9 0.439

Wyoming................................... 0.7 0.3 0.002

12