For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, April 2, 2024 USDL-24-0625 

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – FEBRUARY 2024 

The number of job openings changed little at 8.8 million on the last business day of February, the U.S. 

Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the month, the number of hires and total separations

were little changed at 5.8 million and 5.6 million, respectively. Within separations, quits (3.5 million) 

and layoffs and discharges (1.7 million) changed little. This release includes estimates of the number 

and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the total nonfarm sector, by industry, and by 

establishment size class. 

Job Openings

On the last business day of February, the number of job openings changed little at 8.8 million; this 

measure is down from a series high of 12.2 million in March 2022. The rate was 5.3 percent for the third 

month in a row. In February, job openings increased in finance and insurance (+126,000); state and local 

government, excluding education (+91,000); and arts, entertainment, and recreation (+51,000). Job 

openings decreased in information (-85,000) and in federal government (-21,000). (See table 1.) 

Hires

In February, the number and rate of hires were little changed at 5.8 million and 3.7 percent, 

respectively. Hires decreased in durable goods manufacturing (-44,000). (See table 2.) 

Separations

Total separations include quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 

voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 

workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 

 4.4

 4.8

 5.2

 5.6

 6.0

 6.4

 6.8

 7.2

 7.6

Feb-22 Aug-22 Feb-23 Aug-23 Feb-24

Percent

Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted,

February 2022 - February 2024

3.2

3.4

3.6

3.8

4.0

4.2

4.4

4.6

4.8

Feb-22 Aug-22 Feb-23 Aug-23 Feb-24

Hires

Separations

Percent

Chart 2. Hires and total separations rates, seasonally adjusted,

February 2022 - February 2024
- 2 -

by the employer. Other separations include separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 

to other locations of the same firm.

The number of total separations in February changed little at 5.6 million. The rate was unchanged at 

3.5 percent. Over the month, the number of total separations increased in arts, entertainment, and 

recreation (+64,000) but decreased in transportation, warehousing, and utilities (-62,000). (See table 3.)

In February, the number of quits was little changed at 3.5 million, and the rate was 2.2 percent for the 

fourth consecutive month. (See table 4.)

In February, the number and rate of layoffs and discharges changed little at 1.7 million and 1.1 percent, 

respectively. The number of layoffs and discharges increased in accommodation and food services 

(+67,000) and in arts, entertainment, and recreation (+57,000). (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed in February at 351,000. (See table 6.)

Establishment Size Class

In February, establishments with 1 to 9 employees and establishments with 5,000 or more employees 

saw little change in their job openings rate, hires rate, and total separations rate. (See table 7.)

January 2024 Revisions

The number of job openings for January was revised down by 115,000 to 8.7 million, the number of 

hires was revised up by 11,000 to 5.7 million, and the number of total separations was revised up by 

108,000 to 5.4 million. Within separations, the number of quits was revised up by 61,000 to 3.4 million

and the number of layoffs and discharges was revised up by 24,000 to 1.6 million. (Monthly revisions 

result from additional reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last published 

estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.)

____________

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for March 2024 are scheduled to be 

released on Wednesday, May 1, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY

(in thousands)

Total................................................... 9,849 8,748 8,756 6,058 5,698 5,818 5,833 5,449 5,559

Total private....................................... 8,831 7,903 7,855 5,666 5,309 5,438 5,501 5,124 5,230

Mining and logging............................. 35 29 32 28 24 21 24 23 20

Construction.................................... 409 425 441 375 390 403 341 353 375

Manufacturing.................................. 674 596 583 435 383 330 447 368 341

Durable goods............................... 433 348 361 236 220 176 239 210 180

Nondurable goods........................... 241 248 221 198 163 154 209 158 161

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 1,688 1,047 982 1,259 1,007 1,128 1,215 1,052 1,090

Wholesale trade............................. 302 207 176 195 158 165 175 164 156

Retail trade................................... 814 546 511 740 602 680 717 567 675

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities...................................... 572 293 294 325 247 284 323 321 259

Information...................................... 145 202 117 88 81 95 98 76 85

Financial activities.............................. 443 540 657 207 207 206 198 193 209

Finance and insurance..................... 307 365 491 112 130 126 123 125 132

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . .. 137 175 166 95 77 80 75 68 78

Professional and business services......... 1,789 1,570 1,564 1,059 1,088 1,109 1,058 1,102 1,094

Private education and health services. . . . .. 1,851 2,049 2,011 843 862 864 788 741 747

Private educational services............... 171 146 148 95 88 85 94 82 79

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 1,680 1,904 1,863 747 773 780 694 659 668

Leisure and hospitality........................ 1,421 1,123 1,146 1,165 1,053 1,068 1,131 1,002 1,070

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 215 168 219 191 183 204 167 151 215

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 1,206 955 927 974 870 863 964 851 855

Other services.................................. 375 321 324 206 214 214 200 215 199

Government....................................... 1,018 846 901 392 390 380 332 325 329

Federal.......................................... 141 149 128 50 44 44 38 33 33

State and local................................. 877 697 773 342 345 336 294 292 296

State and local education.................. 333 261 247 172 166 155 147 145 146

State and local, excluding education. . . .. 544 436 527 171 180 180 147 148 150

RATES BY INDUSTRY

(percent)

Total................................................... 6.0 5.3 5.3 3.9 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.5 3.5

Total private....................................... 6.2 5.6 5.5 4.3 3.9 4.0 4.2 3.8 3.9

Mining and logging............................. 5.2 4.4 4.8 4.5 3.8 3.2 3.7 3.5 3.1

Construction.................................... 4.9 5.0 5.1 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.3 4.3 4.6

Manufacturing.................................. 5.0 4.4 4.3 3.4 3.0 2.5 3.5 2.8 2.6

Durable goods............................... 5.1 4.1 4.2 2.9 2.7 2.2 3.0 2.6 2.2

Nondurable goods........................... 4.7 4.9 4.4 4.1 3.4 3.2 4.3 3.3 3.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 5.5 3.5 3.3 4.4 3.5 3.9 4.2 3.6 3.8

Wholesale trade............................. 4.7 3.3 2.8 3.2 2.6 2.7 2.9 2.7 2.5

Retail trade................................... 5.0 3.4 3.2 4.7 3.9 4.3 4.6 3.6 4.3

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities...................................... 7.4 4.0 4.0 4.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 3.6

Information...................................... 4.6 6.3 3.7 2.9 2.7 3.1 3.2 2.5 2.8

Financial activities.............................. 4.6 5.5 6.6 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.3

Finance and insurance..................... 4.4 5.1 6.8 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.9 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . .. 5.3 6.5 6.2 3.9 3.1 3.2 3.1 2.7 3.1

Professional and business services......... 7.3 6.4 6.4 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.8

Private education and health services. . . . .. 6.9 7.3 7.2 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.2 2.9 2.9

Private educational services............... 4.3 3.6 3.7 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.1 2.1

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 7.4 7.9 7.8 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.0 3.0

Leisure and hospitality........................ 8.0 6.3 6.4 7.1 6.3 6.3 6.9 6.0 6.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 8.1 6.0 7.7 7.8 7.0 7.8 6.8 5.8 8.2

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 7.9 6.3 6.1 7.0 6.1 6.1 6.9 6.0 6.0

Other services.................................. 6.1 5.2 5.2 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.7 3.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Government....................................... 4.3 3.5 3.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4

Federal.......................................... 4.6 4.8 4.1 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.1

State and local................................. 4.3 3.3 3.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.5

State and local education.................. 3.1 2.4 2.3 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

State and local, excluding education. . . .. 5.6 4.4 5.3 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.6

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment

estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.
Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

JOLTS program provides information on labor 

demand and turnover. Additional information about 

the JOLTS program can be found at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job 

openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other 

separations, and total separations. The JOLTS 

program covers all private nonfarm establishments, 

as well as civilian federal, state, and local 

government entities in the 50 states and the District 

of Columbia. Starting with data for January 2023, 

industries are classified in accordance with the 2022 

North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on 

the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay 

period that includes the 12th day of the reference 

month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, 

seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are 

included, as are employees on paid vacation or other 

paid leave. Proprietors or partners of unincorporated 

businesses, unpaid family workers, employees on 

strike for the entire pay period, and employees on 

leave without pay for the entire pay period are not 

counted as employed. Employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where 

they are working. JOLTS does not publish 

employment estimates but uses the reported 

employment for validation of the other reported data 

elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all 

positions that are open on the last business day of the 

reference month. A job is open only if it meets all 

three of these conditions: 

• A specific position exists, and there is work 

available for that position. The position can 

be full-time or part-time, and it can be 

permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 

• The job could start within 30 days, whether 

or not the employer can find a suitable 

candidate during that time. 

• The employer is actively recruiting workers 

from outside the establishment to fill the 

position. Active recruiting means that the 

establishment is taking steps to fill a 

position. It may include advertising in 

newspapers, on television, or on the radio; 

posting internet notices, posting “help 

wanted” signs, networking or making 

“word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting 

applications; interviewing candidates; 

contacting employment agencies; or 

soliciting employees at job fairs, state or 

local employment offices, or similar

sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal 

transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from 

layoffs. Also excluded are openings for positions 

with start dates more than 30 days in the future;

positions for which employees have been hired but 

have not yet reported for work; and positions to be 

filled by employees of temporary help agencies, 

employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or 

consultants. The job openings rate is computed by 

dividing the number of job openings by the sum of 

employment and job openings—that is, all filled and 

unfilled jobs—and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll 

during the entire reference month, including newly 

hired and rehired employees; full-time and part-time 

employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal 

employees; employees who were recalled to a job at 

the location following a layoff (formal suspension 

from pay status) lasting more than 7 days; on-call or 

intermittent employees who returned to work after 

having been formally separated; workers who were 

hired and separated during the month, and transfers 

from other locations. Excluded are transfers or 

promotions within the reporting location, employees 

returning from strike, employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is 

computed by dividing the number of hires by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Separations include all separations 

from the payroll during the entire reference month 

and is reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs 

and discharges, and other separations. Quits include 

employees who left voluntarily, with the exception of 

retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs 

and discharges includes involuntary separations 

initiated by the employer, including layoffs with no 

intent to rehire; layoffs (formal suspensions from pay 

status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; 
discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or 

closings; firings or other discharges for cause; 

terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 

and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or 

not they are expected to return the next season). 

Other separations include retirements, transfers to 

other locations, separations due to employee 

disability, and deaths.

Excluded from separations measures are transfers 

within the same location; employees on strike; and 

employees of temporary help agencies, employee 

leasing companies, outside contractors, or 

consultants. The separations rate is computed by 

dividing the number of separations by employment 

and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, 

layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are 

computed similarly.

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random 

sample of approximately 21,000 nonfarm business 

and government establishments. The sample is 

stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and 

establishment size class. 

The sampling frame is made up of 

establishments from two sources: the Bureau of 

Labor Statistics (BLS) Quarterly Census of 

Employment and Wages program (QCEW) and the 

Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). The QCEW 

database contains establishments that cover 

approximately 95 percent of nonfarm payroll jobs in 

the United States. This database is a compilation of 

administrative data from state unemployment 

insurance (UI) programs and federal government 

establishments covered by the Unemployment 

Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) 

program. A frame of railroad establishments is 

provided by the FRA. This is added to the QCEW 

database to complete the JOLTS sampling frame.

The JOLTS estimation method involves the 

following processes: unit nonresponse adjustment, 

item nonresponse adjustment, monthly benchmarking 

and estimation, automatic outlier detection, birth and 

death model estimation, estimates review and outlier 

selection, alignment, seasonal adjustment, and 

variance estimates. Establishment size class levels are 

also produced. Detailed information about the 

estimation method can be found in the Handbook of 

Methods at 

https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/jlt/home.htm.

Monthly benchmarking is the process through 

which the JOLTS weighted employment for each 

estimation cell is adjusted. JOLTS estimation cells 

are benchmarked monthly to the current employment 

level from the BLS Current Employment Statistics 

(CES) program. The sampled weight is benchmarked

to ensure that JOLTS weighted employment is equal 

to CES employment.

Birth/death model. The time lag from the start 

up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance 

on the sampling frame is approximately one year. In 

addition, many new establishments fail within the 

first year, referred to as a death. Because new and 

short-lived universe establishments cannot be 

reflected in the sampling frame immediately, the 

JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, 

and separations from these establishments during 

their early existence. BLS has developed a 

birth/death model that uses establishment birth and 

death activity from previous years as collected by the 

QCEW and projects forward to the present using 

over-the-year change in the CES. The birth/death 

model also uses historical JOLTS data to calculate 

the amount of churn (meaning the rates of hires and 

separations) that exists in establishments of various 

sizes. The model then combines the calculated churn 

with the projected employment change to estimate 

the number of hires and separations that take place in 

these establishments that cannot be measured through 

sampling. The estimates of job openings, hires, and 

separations produced by the birth/death model are 

added to the sample-based estimates produced from 

the survey to arrive at the estimates for job openings, 

hires, and separations.

Alignment. The JOLTS figure for hires minus 

separations can be used to derive a measure of net 

employment change. This change should be 

comparable to the net employment change from the 

much larger CES survey. However, definitional 

differences between the two surveys, as well as 

sampling and nonsampling errors, historically caused 

JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the 

divergence and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

monthly alignment method. There are four steps to 

this method: seasonally adjust, align, back out the 

seasonal adjustment factors, and seasonally adjust

again.
Seasonal adjustment. After alignment, the 

seasonal adjustment program (X-13ARIMA-SEATS) 

is used to seasonally adjust the JOLTS series. Each 

month, a concurrent seasonal adjustment 

methodology uses all relevant data, up to and 

including the current month, to calculate new 

seasonal adjustment factors. Moving averages are 

used as seasonal filters in seasonal adjustment. 

JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive 

and multiplicative models, as well as regression with 

autocorrelated errors (REGARIMA) modeling, to 

improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 

beginning and end of the series and to detect and 

adjust for outliers in the series.

Annual estimates and benchmarking. The

JOLTS estimates are revised annually with the 

issuance of data for January. Five years of data are 

subject to revision. The revised estimates incorporate: 

1) benchmarks based on CES employment estimates 

newly benchmarked to QCEW, 2) revised seasonal 

adjustment factors, and 3) any needed special 

adjustments.

The JOLTS employment levels are ratio-adjusted 

to the CES employment levels, and the resulting 

ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements.

The seasonally adjusted estimates are 

recalculated for the most recent 5 years to reflect 

updated seasonal adjustment factors. These annual

updates result in revisions to both the seasonally 

adjusted and not seasonally adjusted JOLTS data 

series for the period since the last benchmark was 

established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and 

discharges, other separations, and total separations 

are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. 

Annual average levels for job openings are 

calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 published 

monthly levels by 12. 

Annual average rates for hires, quits, layoffs and 

discharges, other separations, and total separations 

are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly 

JOLTS published levels for each data element by the

sum of the 12 monthly CES published employment 

levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Annual average rates for job openings are 

calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly 

JOLTS published levels by the sum of the 12 

monthly CES published employment levels plus the 

sum of the 12 monthly job openings levels, and 

multiplying that quotient by 100.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to two types of 

error: sampling error and nonsampling error. 

Sampling error can result when a sample, rather 

than an entire population, is surveyed. There is a

chance that the sample estimates may differ from the 

true population values they represent. The exact 

difference, or sampling error, varies with the sample 

selected, and this variability is measured by the 

standard error of the estimate. BLS analyses are

generally conducted at the 90-percent level of 

confidence. This means that there is a 90-percent 

chance that the true population mean will fall into the 

interval created by the sample mean plus or minus 

1.65 standard errors. Estimates of median standard 

errors are released monthly as part of the significant 

change tables on the JOLTS webpage. Standard 

errors are updated annually with the most recent 5 

years of data. Sampling error estimates are available 

at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons,

including the failure to include a segment of the 

population, the inability to obtain data from all units 

in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide data on a timely basis, 

mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the 

collection or processing of the data, and errors from 

the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

The JOLTS program uses quality control procedures 

to reduce nonsampling error in the survey’s design.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech 

disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access 

telecommunications relay services.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Change

from:

Jan.

2024 -

Feb.

2024p

Feb.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Change

from:

Jan.

2024 -

Feb.

2024p

Total............................................... 9,849 8,931 8,889 8,748 8,756 8 6.0 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.3 0.0

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 8,831 7,932 7,884 7,903 7,855 -48 6.2 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.5 -0.1

Mining and logging......................... 35 31 32 29 32 3 5.2 4.6 4.7 4.4 4.8 0.4

Construction................................ 409 454 434 425 441 16 4.9 5.3 5.1 5.0 5.1 0.1

Manufacturing.............................. 674 553 586 596 583 -13 5.0 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.3 -0.1

Durable goods........................... 433 377 408 348 361 13 5.1 4.4 4.8 4.1 4.2 0.1

Nondurable goods....................... 241 176 179 248 221 -27 4.7 3.5 3.6 4.9 4.4 -0.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,688 1,336 1,318 1,047 982 -65 5.5 4.4 4.4 3.5 3.3 -0.2

Wholesale trade......................... 302 296 230 207 176 -31 4.7 4.6 3.6 3.3 2.8 -0.5

Retail trade............................... 814 596 710 546 511 -35 5.0 3.7 4.4 3.4 3.2 -0.2

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 572 443 378 293 294 1 7.4 5.9 5.0 4.0 4.0 0.0

Information.................................. 145 154 177 202 117 -85 4.6 4.9 5.5 6.3 3.7 -2.6

Financial activities......................... 443 427 482 540 657 117 4.6 4.4 5.0 5.5 6.6 1.1

Finance and insurance................. 307 288 317 365 491 126 4.4 4.1 4.5 5.1 6.8 1.7

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 137 138 165 175 166 -9 5.3 5.3 6.2 6.5 6.2 -0.3

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,789 1,536 1,579 1,570 1,564 -6 7.3 6.3 6.5 6.4 6.4 0.0

Private education and health services... 1,851 1,939 1,956 2,049 2,011 -38 6.9 7.0 7.0 7.3 7.2 -0.1

Private educational services........... 171 161 173 146 148 2 4.3 4.0 4.3 3.6 3.7 0.1

Health care and social assistance. . .. 1,680 1,778 1,783 1,904 1,863 -41 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.9 7.8 -0.1

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,421 1,153 1,003 1,123 1,146 23 8.0 6.4 5.6 6.3 6.4 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 215 170 157 168 219 51 8.1 6.2 5.7 6.0 7.7 1.7

Accommodation and food services. .. 1,206 983 847 955 927 -28 7.9 6.5 5.6 6.3 6.1 -0.2

Other services.............................. 375 349 316 321 324 3 6.1 5.6 5.1 5.2 5.2 0.0

Government................................... 1,018 999 1,005 846 901 55 4.3 4.2 4.2 3.5 3.7 0.2

Federal...................................... 141 161 166 149 128 -21 4.6 5.2 5.3 4.8 4.1 -0.7

State and local............................. 877 838 838 697 773 76 4.3 4.0 4.0 3.3 3.7 0.4

State and local education.............. 333 289 280 261 247 -14 3.1 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.3 -0.1

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 544 549 558 436 527 91 5.6 5.5 5.6 4.4 5.3 0.9

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 1,626 1,489 1,512 1,528 1,526 -2 5.6 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.2 0.0

South........................................... 4,041 3,501 3,504 3,492 3,430 -62 6.5 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.5 -0.1

Midwest........................................ 2,030 2,048 1,963 1,921 1,912 -9 5.8 5.8 5.5 5.4 5.4 0.0

West............................................ 2,153 1,893 1,909 1,807 1,888 81 5.6 4.9 4.9 4.7 4.9 0.2

1 The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment

estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Change

from:

Jan.

2024 -

Feb.

2024p

Feb.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Change

from:

Jan.

2024 -

Feb.

2024p

Total............................................... 6,058 5,569 5,787 5,698 5,818 120 3.9 3.5 3.7 3.6 3.7 0.1

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 5,666 5,205 5,384 5,309 5,438 129 4.3 3.9 4.0 3.9 4.0 0.1

Mining and logging......................... 28 19 18 24 21 -3 4.5 3.0 2.8 3.8 3.2 -0.6

Construction................................ 375 367 357 390 403 13 4.7 4.5 4.4 4.8 4.9 0.1

Manufacturing.............................. 435 352 371 383 330 -53 3.4 2.7 2.9 3.0 2.5 -0.5

Durable goods........................... 236 199 199 220 176 -44 2.9 2.4 2.4 2.7 2.2 -0.5

Nondurable goods....................... 198 153 172 163 154 -9 4.1 3.2 3.6 3.4 3.2 -0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,259 1,090 1,110 1,007 1,128 121 4.4 3.8 3.8 3.5 3.9 0.4

Wholesale trade......................... 195 153 180 158 165 7 3.2 2.5 2.9 2.6 2.7 0.1

Retail trade............................... 740 638 628 602 680 78 4.7 4.1 4.0 3.9 4.3 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 325 300 302 247 284 37 4.5 4.2 4.2 3.5 4.0 0.5

Information.................................. 88 70 83 81 95 14 2.9 2.4 2.8 2.7 3.1 0.4

Financial activities......................... 207 201 209 207 206 -1 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.2 0.0

Finance and insurance................. 112 125 123 130 126 -4 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 0.0

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 95 76 86 77 80 3 3.9 3.1 3.4 3.1 3.2 0.1

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,059 964 1,086 1,088 1,109 21 4.7 4.2 4.7 4.7 4.8 0.1

Private education and health services... 843 934 872 862 864 2 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.3 0.0

Private educational services........... 95 94 100 88 85 -3 2.5 2.4 2.6 2.3 2.2 -0.1

Health care and social assistance. . .. 747 840 772 773 780 7 3.5 3.8 3.5 3.5 3.5 0.0

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,165 993 1,068 1,053 1,068 15 7.1 5.9 6.4 6.3 6.3 0.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 191 150 185 183 204 21 7.8 5.8 7.1 7.0 7.8 0.8

Accommodation and food services. .. 974 844 883 870 863 -7 7.0 5.9 6.2 6.1 6.1 0.0

Other services.............................. 206 214 210 214 214 0 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 0.0

Government................................... 392 364 403 390 380 -10 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 -0.1

Federal...................................... 50 37 43 44 44 0 1.7 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 0.0

State and local............................. 342 327 361 345 336 -9 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.7 0.0

State and local education.............. 172 165 180 166 155 -11 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.4 -0.1

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 171 162 181 180 180 0 1.9 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.9 0.0

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 886 892 852 895 870 -25 3.2 3.2 3.0 3.2 3.1 -0.1

South........................................... 2,562 2,368 2,557 2,398 2,537 139 4.4 4.0 4.3 4.1 4.3 0.2

Midwest........................................ 1,266 1,173 1,127 1,177 1,175 -2 3.8 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.5 0.0

West............................................ 1,344 1,137 1,251 1,229 1,237 8 3.7 3.1 3.4 3.3 3.3 0.0

1 The hires level is the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment

estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Change

from:

Jan.

2024 -

Feb.

2024p

Feb.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Change

from:

Jan.

2024 -

Feb.

2024p

Total............................................... 5,833 5,413 5,419 5,449 5,559 110 3.8 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 0.0

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 5,501 5,075 5,060 5,124 5,230 106 4.2 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 0.1

Mining and logging......................... 24 24 19 23 20 -3 3.7 3.7 2.9 3.5 3.1 -0.4

Construction................................ 341 342 335 353 375 22 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.6 0.3

Manufacturing.............................. 447 352 364 368 341 -27 3.5 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.6 -0.2

Durable goods........................... 239 194 192 210 180 -30 3.0 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.2 -0.4

Nondurable goods....................... 209 157 172 158 161 3 4.3 3.3 3.6 3.3 3.3 0.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,215 1,122 1,058 1,052 1,090 38 4.2 3.9 3.7 3.6 3.8 0.2

Wholesale trade......................... 175 141 173 164 156 -8 2.9 2.3 2.8 2.7 2.5 -0.2

Retail trade............................... 717 648 584 567 675 108 4.6 4.2 3.7 3.6 4.3 0.7

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 323 333 300 321 259 -62 4.5 4.7 4.2 4.5 3.6 -0.9

Information.................................. 98 76 67 76 85 9 3.2 2.5 2.2 2.5 2.8 0.3

Financial activities......................... 198 217 203 193 209 16 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.3 0.2

Finance and insurance................. 123 145 124 125 132 7 1.8 2.2 1.8 1.9 2.0 0.1

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 75 71 80 68 78 10 3.1 2.9 3.2 2.7 3.1 0.4

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,058 981 1,054 1,102 1,094 -8 4.6 4.3 4.6 4.8 4.8 0.0

Private education and health services... 788 796 755 741 747 6 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.9 0.0

Private educational services........... 94 86 86 82 79 -3 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 0.0

Health care and social assistance. . .. 694 711 669 659 668 9 3.3 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.0 0.0

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,131 982 1,003 1,002 1,070 68 6.9 5.9 6.0 6.0 6.3 0.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 167 138 158 151 215 64 6.8 5.4 6.1 5.8 8.2 2.4

Accommodation and food services. .. 964 844 845 851 855 4 6.9 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.0 0.0

Other services.............................. 200 183 202 215 199 -16 3.5 3.1 3.4 3.7 3.4 -0.3

Government................................... 332 338 360 325 329 4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.4 0.0

Federal...................................... 38 38 39 33 33 0 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1 0.0

State and local............................. 294 301 321 292 296 4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 0.0

State and local education.............. 147 159 164 145 146 1 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 0.0

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 147 141 156 148 150 2 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.6 0.0

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 794 864 830 831 837 6 2.9 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.0 0.0

South........................................... 2,572 2,138 2,215 2,248 2,318 70 4.4 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.9 0.1

Midwest........................................ 1,161 1,160 1,132 1,137 1,178 41 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.5 0.1

West............................................ 1,305 1,252 1,243 1,233 1,225 -8 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.3 0.0

1 The total separations level is the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment

estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Change

from:

Jan.

2024 -

Feb.

2024p

Feb.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Change

from:

Jan.

2024 -

Feb.

2024p

Total............................................... 3,964 3,516 3,439 3,446 3,484 38 2.6 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 0.0

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 3,770 3,319 3,237 3,251 3,289 38 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 0.0

Mining and logging......................... 16 15 11 13 12 -1 2.6 2.3 1.8 2.1 2.0 -0.1

Construction................................ 154 162 149 151 152 1 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.9 0.0

Manufacturing.............................. 312 220 233 229 203 -26 2.4 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.6 -0.2

Durable goods........................... 167 126 123 134 112 -22 2.1 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.4 -0.2

Nondurable goods....................... 144 94 110 95 91 -4 3.0 2.0 2.3 2.0 1.9 -0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 850 739 684 657 709 52 2.9 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.5 0.2

Wholesale trade......................... 109 73 122 92 92 0 1.8 1.2 2.0 1.5 1.5 0.0

Retail trade............................... 533 461 408 379 456 77 3.4 3.0 2.6 2.4 2.9 0.5

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 208 205 154 186 161 -25 2.9 2.9 2.2 2.6 2.3 -0.3

Information.................................. 48 42 28 53 51 -2 1.6 1.4 0.9 1.7 1.7 0.0

Financial activities......................... 126 126 134 121 144 23 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.6 0.3

Finance and insurance................. 73 85 83 86 94 8 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 0.1

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 52 41 52 36 49 13 2.1 1.6 2.1 1.4 2.0 0.6

Professional and business services. . . .. 636 594 594 569 611 42 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.7 0.2

Private education and health services... 601 572 540 523 526 3 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.0 0.0

Private educational services........... 56 58 62 58 54 -4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 -0.1

Health care and social assistance. . .. 544 514 478 465 472 7 2.6 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.1 0.0

Leisure and hospitality.................... 905 739 738 790 742 -48 5.5 4.4 4.4 4.7 4.4 -0.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 87 69 77 66 72 6 3.6 2.7 3.0 2.5 2.7 0.2

Accommodation and food services. .. 818 670 660 724 671 -53 5.9 4.7 4.6 5.1 4.7 -0.4

Other services.............................. 122 110 125 145 139 -6 2.1 1.9 2.1 2.5 2.4 -0.1

Government................................... 193 197 203 195 195 0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.0

Federal...................................... 19 17 18 16 15 -1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.0

State and local............................. 174 180 185 179 180 1 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.0

State and local education.............. 90 97 101 91 94 3 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.0

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 85 83 84 88 86 -2 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.0

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 493 510 510 481 471 -10 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 0.0

South........................................... 1,862 1,448 1,493 1,501 1,486 -15 3.2 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 0.0

Midwest........................................ 749 793 698 680 728 48 2.3 2.4 2.1 2.0 2.2 0.2

West............................................ 859 765 738 783 799 16 2.4 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.2 0.1

1 The quits level is the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment

estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Change

from:

Jan.

2024 -

Feb.

2024p

Feb.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Change

from:

Jan.

2024 -

Feb.

2024p

Total............................................... 1,571 1,546 1,607 1,596 1,724 128 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.1

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 1,486 1,462 1,508 1,527 1,640 113 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.1

Mining and logging......................... 6 8 5 8 6 -2 1.0 1.2 0.8 1.2 1.0 -0.2

Construction................................ 171 171 173 187 214 27 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.6 0.3

Manufacturing.............................. 118 109 110 118 119 1 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.0

Durable goods........................... 58 53 56 64 57 -7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 -0.1

Nondurable goods....................... 60 55 54 54 62 8 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.3 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 310 317 318 288 301 13 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.0

Wholesale trade......................... 53 59 43 44 53 9 0.9 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.2

Retail trade............................... 156 145 142 136 161 25 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.1

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 101 112 133 108 87 -21 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.5 1.2 -0.3

Information.................................. 42 24 32 17 27 10 1.4 0.8 1.1 0.6 0.9 0.3

Financial activities......................... 39 71 48 65 54 -11 0.4 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.6 -0.1

Finance and insurance................. 21 46 27 34 32 -2 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.0

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 18 26 22 30 22 -8 0.7 1.0 0.9 1.2 0.9 -0.3

Professional and business services. . . .. 385 325 361 461 396 -65 1.7 1.4 1.6 2.0 1.7 -0.3

Private education and health services... 152 166 161 154 175 21 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.1

Private educational services........... 33 23 20 21 18 -3 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 -0.1

Health care and social assistance. . .. 118 144 141 133 157 24 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.1

Leisure and hospitality.................... 201 212 239 183 306 123 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.1 1.8 0.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 73 66 75 83 140 57 3.0 2.5 2.9 3.2 5.3 2.1

Accommodation and food services. .. 128 146 163 99 166 67 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.7 1.2 0.5

Other services.............................. 63 60 61 46 41 -5 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 -0.1

Government................................... 84 84 99 69 84 15 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.1

Federal...................................... 6 8 8 6 6 0 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.0

State and local............................. 78 76 90 64 78 14 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.1

State and local education.............. 38 42 44 33 37 4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.0

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 40 34 46 31 41 10 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.1

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 261 264 245 296 291 -5 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.0 -0.1

South........................................... 585 568 589 610 694 84 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.2

Midwest........................................ 348 304 358 309 380 71 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.2

West............................................ 377 411 415 381 359 -22 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.0

1 The layoffs and discharges level is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment

estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Change

from:

Jan.

2024 -

Feb.

2024p

Feb.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Change

from:

Jan.

2024 -

Feb.

2024p

Total............................................... 299 351 373 407 351 -56 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.1

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 244 294 315 346 301 -45 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.1

Mining and logging......................... 2 1 2 1 1 0 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.1

Construction................................ 16 9 13 14 9 -5 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.1

Manufacturing.............................. 18 23 21 21 19 -2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.1

Durable goods........................... 13 15 12 12 11 -1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0

Nondurable goods....................... 5 8 9 9 7 -2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 55 67 55 107 80 -27 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3 -0.1

Wholesale trade......................... 14 9 8 28 11 -17 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.2 -0.3

Retail trade............................... 28 41 35 51 58 7 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.1

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 14 16 13 28 11 -17 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.2

Information.................................. 8 9 6 6 8 2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1

Financial activities......................... 34 19 21 7 12 5 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0

Finance and insurance................. 29 14 14 5 6 1 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 5 5 7 2 6 4 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1

Professional and business services. . . .. 36 63 99 72 87 15 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.1

Private education and health services... 36 58 54 64 46 -18 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0

Private educational services........... 5 6 3 3 7 4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1

Health care and social assistance. . .. 31 53 50 61 39 -22 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.1

Leisure and hospitality.................... 26 31 27 30 22 -8 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 7 3 5 2 3 1 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0

Accommodation and food services. .. 19 28 21 28 18 -10 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.1

Other services.............................. 15 13 17 25 19 -6 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 -0.1

Government................................... 54 57 58 61 50 -11 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 -0.1

Federal...................................... 13 13 12 11 12 1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.0

State and local............................. 42 44 46 49 38 -11 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0

State and local education.............. 19 20 19 21 15 -6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.1

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 23 24 27 29 23 -6 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 -0.1

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 40 90 76 54 75 21 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.1

South........................................... 125 123 133 137 138 1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0

Midwest........................................ 64 63 75 147 70 -77 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.2

West............................................ 69 75 89 69 67 -2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0

1 The other separations level is the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.

NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment

estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.
Table 7. Job openings, hires, and separations levels and rates by establishment size class, seasonally

adjusted

Establishment size class

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Feb.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Change

from:

Jan. 2024 -

Feb. 2024p

Feb.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Change

from:

Jan. 2024 -

Feb. 2024p

JOB OPENINGS

Total private.......................... 8,831 7,932 7,884 7,903 7,855 -48 6.2 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.5 -0.1

1 to 9 employees.................. 1,573 1,734 1,885 1,898 1,863 -35 6.9 7.5 7.7 8.1 8.1 0.0

10 to 49 employees............... 2,891 2,352 2,070 2,173 2,021 -152 6.0 5.3 4.8 5.0 4.7 -0.3

50 to 249 employees............. 2,417 1,935 2,068 2,015 2,131 116 6.1 4.8 5.1 5.0 5.3 0.3

250 to 999 employees............ 1,037 1,083 1,018 1,024 1,024 0 5.8 5.4 5.1 4.8 4.9 0.1

1,000 to 4,999 employees. . . . . .. 621 589 577 545 546 1 6.9 6.4 6.1 5.8 5.8 0.0

5,000 or more employees........ 292 240 266 248 269 21 6.4 4.9 5.6 5.0 5.0 0.0

HIRES

Total private.......................... 5,666 5,205 5,384 5,309 5,438 129 4.3 3.9 4.0 3.9 4.0 0.1

1 to 9 employees.................. 842 947 981 821 800 -21 4.0 4.4 4.3 3.8 3.8 0.0

10 to 49 employees............... 1,937 1,516 1,600 1,672 1,838 166 4.3 3.6 3.9 4.1 4.5 0.4

50 to 249 employees............. 1,754 1,531 1,681 1,660 1,651 -9 4.8 4.0 4.4 4.4 4.3 -0.1

250 to 999 employees............ 745 803 735 750 734 -16 4.5 4.3 3.9 3.7 3.7 0.0

1,000 to 4,999 employees. . . . . .. 313 329 306 324 332 8 3.7 3.8 3.5 3.7 3.7 0.0

5,000 or more employees........ 74 79 82 82 84 2 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.6 -0.1

TOTAL SEPARATIONS

Total private.......................... 5,501 5,075 5,060 5,124 5,230 106 4.2 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 0.1

1 to 9 employees.................. 726 725 745 789 758 -31 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.7 3.6 -0.1

10 to 49 employees............... 1,978 1,595 1,622 1,672 1,732 60 4.4 3.8 4.0 4.1 4.2 0.1

50 to 249 employees............. 1,670 1,584 1,596 1,580 1,695 115 4.5 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.4 0.2

250 to 999 employees............ 722 787 728 754 690 -64 4.3 4.2 3.8 3.7 3.5 -0.2

1,000 to 4,999 employees. . . . . .. 336 317 308 263 284 21 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.0 3.2 0.2

5,000 or more employees........ 69 67 60 66 70 4 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 0.0

QUITS

Total private........................ 3,770 3,319 3,237 3,251 3,289 38 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 0.0

1 to 9 employees............... 496 453 483 508 494 -14 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.4 2.3 -0.1

10 to 49 employees............ 1,384 1,118 1,076 1,114 1,142 28 3.1 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 0.1

50 to 249 employees........... 1,179 1,049 1,051 991 1,036 45 3.2 2.7 2.8 2.6 2.7 0.1

250 to 999 employees......... 468 477 424 440 420 -20 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.1 -0.1

1,000 to 4,999 employees..... 201 179 164 157 156 -1 2.4 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.7 -0.1

5,000 or more employees. . . .. 43 44 40 41 41 0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 -0.1

LAYOFFS AND DISCHARGES

Total private........................ 1,486 1,462 1,508 1,527 1,640 113 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.1

1 to 9 employees............... 159 240 179 226 217 -9 0.8 1.1 0.8 1.1 1.0 -0.1

10 to 49 employees............ 525 348 445 397 464 67 1.2 0.8 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.1

50 to 249 employees........... 442 466 480 523 600 77 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 0.2

250 to 999 employees......... 235 271 268 279 233 -46 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 -0.2

1,000 to 4,999 employees..... 108 121 123 85 108 23 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.2 0.2

5,000 or more employees. . . .. 17 16 14 17 17 0 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 -0.1

OTHER SEPARATIONS

Total private........................ 244 294 315 346 301 -45 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.1

1 to 9 employees............... 71 31 83 55 47 -8 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.2 -0.1

10 to 49 employees............ 69 129 101 160 126 -34 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 -0.1

50 to 249 employees........... 48 70 65 67 59 -8 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0

250 to 999 employees......... 19 39 37 35 37 2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0

1,000 to 4,999 employees..... 28 17 22 21 20 -1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0

5,000 or more employees. . . .. 9 8 7 9 12 3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0

p Preliminary

NOTE: Establishment size class data are produced for the total private sector only.

NOTE: The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. The levels for hires, total separations, quits,

layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month. The job openings rate is the number of job openings

on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. The rates for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and

discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month as percent of employment.

NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment

estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.
Table 8. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Total..................................................................... 9,471 8,845 8,352 5.8 5.4 5.1

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 8,489 8,028 7,492 6.1 5.7 5.3

Mining and logging............................................... 33 28 31 5.0 4.2 4.7

Construction....................................................... 377 422 414 4.7 5.1 5.0

Manufacturing..................................................... 648 584 562 4.8 4.3 4.2

Durable goods.................................................. 415 350 350 4.9 4.1 4.1

Nondurable goods............................................. 233 234 212 4.6 4.7 4.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,625 943 907 5.4 3.2 3.1

Wholesale trade................................................ 305 214 175 4.8 3.4 2.8

Retail trade..................................................... 756 439 446 4.7 2.7 2.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 564 290 285 7.3 3.9 3.9

Information........................................................ 149 205 121 4.7 6.4 3.9

Financial activities................................................ 396 595 590 4.2 6.1 6.0

Finance and insurance........................................ 279 398 446 4.0 5.6 6.2

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 117 197 144 4.6 7.4 5.5

Professional and business services............................ 1,735 1,709 1,509 7.2 7.0 6.2

Private education and health services......................... 1,778 2,206 1,910 6.6 7.9 6.8

Private educational services.................................. 170 149 144 4.1 3.8 3.5

Health care and social assistance........................... 1,608 2,057 1,765 7.1 8.6 7.4

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 1,384 992 1,131 8.1 5.8 6.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 258 136 285 10.4 5.4 10.6

Accommodation and food services.......................... 1,127 856 846 7.7 5.9 5.8

Other services.................................................... 364 345 317 6.0 5.6 5.2

Government.......................................................... 982 817 861 4.1 3.4 3.5

Federal............................................................. 130 148 112 4.3 4.8 3.6

State and local.................................................... 852 669 749 4.1 3.2 3.5

State and local education..................................... 314 237 226 2.8 2.2 2.0

State and local, excluding education........................ 538 433 523 5.6 4.4 5.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 1,584 1,549 1,478 5.5 5.3 5.0

South................................................................. 3,919 3,539 3,295 6.4 5.7 5.3

Midwest............................................................... 1,916 1,902 1,779 5.5 5.4 5.1

West.................................................................. 2,052 1,856 1,800 5.4 4.8 4.7

1 The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment

estimates.
Table 9. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Total..................................................................... 5,070 5,522 4,861 3.3 3.6 3.1

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,778 5,158 4,585 3.6 3.9 3.4

Mining and logging............................................... 25 24 18 4.0 3.9 2.9

Construction....................................................... 312 359 347 4.1 4.6 4.4

Manufacturing..................................................... 404 394 301 3.1 3.1 2.3

Durable goods.................................................. 223 234 165 2.8 2.9 2.0

Nondurable goods............................................. 181 160 136 3.7 3.4 2.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 997 872 914 3.5 3.0 3.2

Wholesale trade................................................ 166 168 142 2.7 2.7 2.3

Retail trade..................................................... 607 489 579 3.9 3.1 3.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 224 215 194 3.1 3.0 2.7

Information........................................................ 74 88 82 2.4 3.0 2.7

Financial activities................................................ 177 232 180 1.9 2.5 2.0

Finance and insurance........................................ 105 151 117 1.6 2.2 1.7

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 72 81 63 3.0 3.3 2.6

Professional and business services............................ 945 1,148 992 4.2 5.1 4.4

Private education and health services......................... 734 921 730 2.9 3.6 2.8

Private educational services.................................. 75 108 58 1.9 2.9 1.4

Health care and social assistance........................... 659 813 672 3.1 3.7 3.0

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 938 910 842 5.9 5.7 5.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 124 131 138 5.6 5.5 5.7

Accommodation and food services.......................... 814 779 704 6.0 5.7 5.1

Other services.................................................... 172 210 179 3.0 3.6 3.1

Government.......................................................... 292 364 276 1.3 1.6 1.2

Federal............................................................. 37 40 34 1.3 1.3 1.1

State and local.................................................... 255 324 242 1.3 1.6 1.2

State and local education..................................... 129 172 107 1.2 1.6 1.0

State and local, excluding education........................ 126 152 135 1.4 1.6 1.4

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 686 818 663 2.5 3.0 2.4

South................................................................. 2,203 2,390 2,187 3.8 4.1 3.7

Midwest............................................................... 1,036 1,097 948 3.2 3.3 2.9

West.................................................................. 1,145 1,218 1,063 3.2 3.3 2.9

1 The hires level is the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment

estimates.
Table 10. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Total..................................................................... 4,788 5,797 4,538 3.1 3.7 2.9

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,567 5,515 4,322 3.5 4.2 3.2

Mining and logging............................................... 27 28 22 4.3 4.5 3.4

Construction....................................................... 289 383 330 3.8 4.9 4.2

Manufacturing..................................................... 398 366 297 3.1 2.8 2.3

Durable goods.................................................. 214 215 154 2.7 2.6 1.9

Nondurable goods............................................. 184 151 143 3.8 3.2 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 997 1,313 893 3.5 4.6 3.1

Wholesale trade................................................ 168 173 150 2.8 2.8 2.5

Retail trade..................................................... 568 668 549 3.7 4.3 3.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 262 472 195 3.7 6.7 2.8

Information........................................................ 83 85 78 2.7 2.8 2.6

Financial activities................................................ 164 243 175 1.8 2.6 1.9

Finance and insurance........................................ 106 154 113 1.6 2.3 1.7

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 59 89 62 2.4 3.6 2.5

Professional and business services............................ 935 1,142 996 4.1 5.1 4.4

Private education and health services......................... 667 780 629 2.7 3.0 2.4

Private educational services.................................. 66 68 51 1.7 1.8 1.3

Health care and social assistance........................... 602 712 577 2.8 3.2 2.6

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 858 964 753 5.4 6.0 4.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 84 141 94 3.8 5.9 3.9

Accommodation and food services.......................... 774 823 659 5.7 6.0 4.8

Other services.................................................... 149 210 149 2.6 3.6 2.6

Government.......................................................... 221 283 217 1.0 1.2 0.9

Federal............................................................. 33 34 28 1.2 1.1 0.9

State and local.................................................... 188 249 188 0.9 1.2 0.9

State and local education..................................... 81 115 80 0.7 1.1 0.7

State and local, excluding education........................ 107 135 109 1.2 1.4 1.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 595 925 650 2.2 3.3 2.3

South................................................................. 2,165 2,367 1,943 3.8 4.1 3.3

Midwest............................................................... 934 1,198 942 2.9 3.6 2.8

West.................................................................. 1,093 1,308 1,004 3.0 3.6 2.7

1 The total separations level is the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment

estimates.
Table 11. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Total..................................................................... 3,223 3,303 2,759 2.1 2.1 1.8

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 3,083 3,140 2,621 2.4 2.4 2.0

Mining and logging............................................... 17 14 13 2.8 2.2 2.1

Construction....................................................... 121 136 118 1.6 1.7 1.5

Manufacturing..................................................... 278 217 176 2.2 1.7 1.4

Durable goods.................................................. 151 129 97 1.9 1.6 1.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 127 88 79 2.6 1.8 1.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 680 629 552 2.4 2.2 1.9

Wholesale trade................................................ 104 81 87 1.7 1.3 1.4

Retail trade..................................................... 406 376 339 2.6 2.4 2.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 169 172 127 2.4 2.4 1.8

Information........................................................ 40 54 46 1.3 1.8 1.5

Financial activities................................................ 98 147 120 1.1 1.6 1.3

Finance and insurance........................................ 54 107 78 0.8 1.6 1.2

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 44 39 42 1.8 1.6 1.7

Professional and business services............................ 515 526 501 2.3 2.3 2.2

Private education and health services......................... 514 536 439 2.1 2.1 1.7

Private educational services.................................. 40 48 38 1.0 1.3 0.9

Health care and social assistance........................... 474 487 401 2.2 2.2 1.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 729 745 551 4.6 4.6 3.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 58 55 43 2.6 2.3 1.8

Accommodation and food services.......................... 671 690 508 4.9 5.0 3.7

Other services.................................................... 91 138 105 1.6 2.4 1.8

Government.......................................................... 140 164 138 0.6 0.7 0.6

Federal............................................................. 18 15 14 0.6 0.5 0.5

State and local.................................................... 122 149 124 0.6 0.7 0.6

State and local education..................................... 54 73 56 0.5 0.7 0.5

State and local, excluding education........................ 68 76 68 0.7 0.8 0.7

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 388 464 356 1.4 1.7 1.3

South................................................................. 1,530 1,451 1,191 2.7 2.5 2.0

Midwest............................................................... 600 626 566 1.8 1.9 1.7

West.................................................................. 705 763 645 2.0 2.1 1.8

1 The quits level is the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment

estimates.
Table 12. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Total..................................................................... 1,301 2,032 1,462 0.8 1.3 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 1,258 1,975 1,419 1.0 1.5 1.1

Mining and logging............................................... 8 13 8 1.2 2.0 1.2

Construction....................................................... 150 233 203 2.0 3.0 2.6

Manufacturing..................................................... 105 121 106 0.8 0.9 0.8

Durable goods.................................................. 52 67 48 0.6 0.8 0.6

Nondurable goods............................................. 53 53 58 1.1 1.1 1.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 266 567 259 0.9 2.0 0.9

Wholesale trade................................................ 52 61 54 0.9 1.0 0.9

Retail trade..................................................... 134 232 146 0.9 1.5 0.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 81 274 59 1.1 3.9 0.8

Information........................................................ 34 22 23 1.1 0.7 0.8

Financial activities................................................ 33 83 48 0.4 0.9 0.5

Finance and insurance........................................ 21 38 33 0.3 0.6 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 13 45 16 0.5 1.8 0.6

Professional and business services............................ 388 541 411 1.7 2.4 1.8

Private education and health services......................... 122 165 151 0.5 0.6 0.6

Private educational services.................................. 22 17 9 0.6 0.4 0.2

Health care and social assistance........................... 100 148 142 0.5 0.7 0.6

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 107 183 184 0.7 1.1 1.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 21 84 49 1.0 3.5 2.0

Accommodation and food services.......................... 86 99 136 0.6 0.7 1.0

Other services.................................................... 45 46 25 0.8 0.8 0.4

Government.......................................................... 42 58 43 0.2 0.3 0.2

Federal............................................................. 5 6 5 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local.................................................... 37 52 38 0.2 0.3 0.2

State and local education..................................... 18 25 17 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local, excluding education........................ 20 27 21 0.2 0.3 0.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 179 401 227 0.7 1.4 0.8

South................................................................. 512 746 611 0.9 1.3 1.0

Midwest............................................................... 284 416 321 0.9 1.3 1.0

West.................................................................. 326 470 303 0.9 1.3 0.8

1 The layoffs and discharges level is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment

estimates.
Table 13. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Total..................................................................... 265 462 318 0.2 0.3 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 226 400 282 0.2 0.3 0.2

Mining and logging............................................... 2 2 1 0.3 0.2 0.1

Construction....................................................... 17 14 9 0.2 0.2 0.1

Manufacturing..................................................... 15 29 15 0.1 0.2 0.1

Durable goods.................................................. 11 18 9 0.1 0.2 0.1

Nondurable goods............................................. 4 10 6 0.1 0.2 0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 51 117 82 0.2 0.4 0.3

Wholesale trade................................................ 12 31 10 0.2 0.5 0.2

Retail trade..................................................... 29 60 64 0.2 0.4 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 11 27 8 0.2 0.4 0.1

Information........................................................ 9 9 9 0.3 0.3 0.3

Financial activities................................................ 33 12 6 0.4 0.1 0.1

Finance and insurance........................................ 31 8 2 0.5 0.1 0.0

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 2 4 4 0.1 0.2 0.2

Professional and business services............................ 33 76 84 0.1 0.3 0.4

Private education and health services......................... 31 80 39 0.1 0.3 0.1

Private educational services.................................. 3 4 5 0.1 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance........................... 28 76 34 0.1 0.3 0.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 21 36 18 0.1 0.2 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 5 2 2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 17 34 15 0.1 0.2 0.1

Other services.................................................... 13 26 19 0.2 0.4 0.3

Government.......................................................... 39 61 36 0.2 0.3 0.2

Federal............................................................. 10 13 9 0.4 0.4 0.3

State and local.................................................... 29 48 26 0.1 0.2 0.1

State and local education..................................... 9 16 7 0.1 0.2 0.1

State and local, excluding education........................ 19 32 19 0.2 0.3 0.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 29 59 66 0.1 0.2 0.2

South................................................................. 124 171 140 0.2 0.3 0.2

Midwest............................................................... 50 157 55 0.2 0.5 0.2

West.................................................................. 61 74 56 0.2 0.2 0.2

1 The other separations level is the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.

NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment

estimates.
Table 14. Job openings, hires, and separations levels and rates by establishment size class, not seasonally

adjusted

Establishment size class

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

Feb.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024p

JOB OPENINGS

Total private............................................................ 8,489 8,028 7,492 6.1 5.7 5.3

1 to 9 employees.................................................... 1,480 2,247 1,721 6.6 9.6 7.6

10 to 49 employees................................................. 2,764 2,150 1,907 5.8 5.0 4.5

50 to 249 employees............................................... 2,249 1,876 2,003 5.8 4.8 5.0

250 to 999 employees.............................................. 1,017 964 993 5.8 4.6 4.8

1,000 to 4,999 employees......................................... 674 549 583 7.5 5.9 6.2

5,000 or more employees.......................................... 306 242 285 6.8 4.9 5.3

HIRES

Total private............................................................ 4,778 5,158 4,585 3.6 3.9 3.4

1 to 9 employees.................................................... 688 980 635 3.3 4.6 3.0

10 to 49 employees................................................. 1,616 1,585 1,562 3.6 3.9 3.8

50 to 249 employees............................................... 1,498 1,487 1,400 4.1 4.0 3.7

250 to 999 employees.............................................. 641 702 622 3.9 3.5 3.2

1,000 to 4,999 employees......................................... 272 316 296 3.3 3.6 3.4

5,000 or more employees.......................................... 63 88 70 1.5 1.9 1.4

TOTAL SEPARATIONS

Total private............................................................ 4,567 5,515 4,322 3.5 4.2 3.2

1 to 9 employees.................................................... 593 958 616 2.8 4.5 3.0

10 to 49 employees................................................. 1,645 1,713 1,462 3.7 4.2 3.6

50 to 249 employees............................................... 1,376 1,659 1,380 3.8 4.4 3.6

250 to 999 employees.............................................. 605 790 567 3.7 4.0 2.9

1,000 to 4,999 employees......................................... 293 321 241 3.5 3.7 2.7

5,000 or more employees.......................................... 55 73 56 1.3 1.6 1.1

QUITS

Total private.......................................................... 3,083 3,140 2,621 2.4 2.4 2.0

1 to 9 employees................................................. 394 550 387 1.9 2.6 1.9

10 to 49 employees.............................................. 1,127 1,050 913 2.5 2.6 2.2

50 to 249 employees............................................. 958 949 814 2.6 2.5 2.1

250 to 999 employees........................................... 392 405 340 2.4 2.0 1.7

1,000 to 4,999 employees....................................... 177 146 133 2.1 1.7 1.5

5,000 or more employees....................................... 35 39 34 0.8 0.8 0.7

LAYOFFS AND DISCHARGES

Total private.......................................................... 1,258 1,975 1,419 1.0 1.5 1.1

1 to 9 employees................................................. 143 339 195 0.7 1.6 0.9

10 to 49 employees.............................................. 444 467 415 1.0 1.2 1.0

50 to 249 employees............................................. 370 639 512 1.0 1.7 1.3

250 to 999 employees........................................... 197 351 191 1.2 1.8 1.0

1,000 to 4,999 employees....................................... 90 156 91 1.1 1.8 1.0

5,000 or more employees....................................... 13 23 14 0.3 0.5 0.3

OTHER SEPARATIONS

Total private.......................................................... 226 400 282 0.2 0.3 0.2

1 to 9 employees................................................. 56 69 34 0.3 0.3 0.2

10 to 49 employees.............................................. 75 195 134 0.2 0.5 0.3

50 to 249 employees............................................. 48 71 54 0.1 0.2 0.1

250 to 999 employees........................................... 15 34 35 0.1 0.2 0.2

1,000 to 4,999 employees....................................... 26 20 17 0.3 0.2 0.2

5,000 or more employees....................................... 6 11 8 0.1 0.2 0.2

p Preliminary

NOTE: Establishment size class data are produced for the total private sector only.

NOTE: The job openings level is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month. The levels for hires, total separations, quits,

layoffs and discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month. The job openings rate is the number of job openings

on the last business day of the month as a percent of employment plus job openings. The rates for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and

discharges, and other separations are the number of each during the entire month as percent of employment.

NOTE: Data are revised with the release of January data to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment

estimates.