For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, August 8, 2017 USDL-17-1097

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JUNE 2017

The number of job openings increased to 6.2 million on the last business day of June, the U.S. Bureau of 

Labor Statistics reported today. Over the month, hires and separations were little changed at 5.4 million 

and 5.2 million, respectively. Within separations, the quits rate and the layoffs and discharges rate were 

little changed at 2.1 percent and 1.2 percent, respectively. This release includes estimates of the number 

and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by four 

geographic regions.

Job Openings

On the last business day of June, the job openings level increased to 6.2 million (+461,000). The job 

openings rate was 4.0 percent. The number of job openings increased for total private (+417,000) and

for government (+44,000). Job openings increased in a number of industries with the largest increases 

occurring in professional and business services (+179,000), health care and social assistance (+125,000), 

and construction (+62,000). Job openings decreased in other services (-62,000). The number of job 

openings increased in the Midwest and West regions. (See table 1.)

Hires

The number of hires was little changed at 5.4 million in June. The hires rate was 3.7 percent. The 

number of hires was little changed for total private and for government. The number of hires decreased 

for educational services (-29,000), but was little changed for all other industries. Hires decreased in the 

Northeast region. (See table 2.)
- 2 -

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 

referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 

the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 

discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations 

due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers to other locations of the same firm.

The number of total separations was little changed at 5.2 million in June. The total separations rate was 

3.6 percent. Total separations was little changed for total private and for government. Total separations 

decreased in state and local government, excluding education (-19,000). The number of total separations 

was little changed in all four regions. (See table 3.)

The number of quits was little changed at 3.1 million in June. The quits rate was 2.1 percent. The 

number of quits was little changed for total private and for government. Quits decreased in finance and 

insurance (-21,000). The number of quits was little changed in all four regions. (See table 4.)

There were 1.7 million layoffs and discharges in June, little changed from May. The layoffs and 

discharges rate was 1.2 percent in June. The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed for

total private and for government. The layoffs and discharges level was little changed in all industries and

regions. (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed in June. Other separations was essentially 

unchanged for total private and for government. Other separations increased in wholesale trade

(+18,000) and other services (+14,000). The number of other separations decreased in information 

(-9,000) and state and local government, excluding education (-9,000). In all four regions, the number of 

other separations was little changed. (See table 6.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 

employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 

hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 

Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 

if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in June, hires totaled 63.4 million and 

separations totaled 61.1 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.3 million. These totals include 

workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for July 2017 are scheduled to be released 

on Tuesday, September 12, 2017 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY

(in thousands)

Total................................................... 5,535 5,702 6,163 5,176 5,459 5,356 4,940 5,245 5,224

Total private....................................... 4,991 5,171 5,588 4,819 5,126 5,026 4,603 4,914 4,912

Mining and logging1............................ 11 15 23 24 38 34 27 31 25

Construction1................................... 171 163 225 278 368 348 291 341 351

Manufacturing.................................. 363 350 388 280 329 322 267 325 321

Durable goods1.............................. 206 201 214 162 183 188 163 171 182

Nondurable goods1

.......................... 158 149 174 118 146 135 104 153 139

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 990 999 1,040 1,046 1,055 1,069 1,025 1,051 1,058

Wholesale trade1............................ 172 185 221 141 126 134 138 116 128

Retail trade................................... 600 666 624 715 731 736 699 747 735

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities1

..................................... 218 149 196 189 198 199 188 187 195

Information1

..................................... 85 88 81 81 73 66 71 79 70

Financial activities.............................. 305 349 374 196 220 203 177 213 193

Finance and insurance..................... 222 266 297 126 145 126 116 132 122

Real estate and rental and leasing1. . . . .. 83 83 78 70 75 78 61 81 71

Professional and business services......... 1,041 1,029 1,208 1,007 1,168 1,154 964 1,116 1,142

Education and health services............... 1,103 1,109 1,222 655 670 634 613 625 610

Educational services1

....................... 96 99 87 95 101 72 101 92 95

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 1,007 1,010 1,135 560 569 561 512 532 515

Leisure and hospitality........................ 736 798 819 1,022 955 978 952 942 936

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 90 58 96 190 144 152 154 137 148

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 646 740 723 832 811 826 799 804 788

Other services1................................. 187 270 208 229 250 217 215 192 205

Government....................................... 544 531 575 357 332 331 338 331 313

Federal1

......................................... 99 118 108 39 29 31 34 26 30

State and local................................. 445 414 467 317 303 300 303 305 283

State and local education.................. 137 145 154 155 146 140 153 139 135

State and local, excluding education1

. . .. 308 269 313 162 157 160 150 166 147

RATES BY INDUSTRY

(percent)

Total................................................... 3.7 3.8 4.0 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.4 3.6 3.6

Total private....................................... 3.9 4.0 4.3 4.0 4.1 4.1 3.8 4.0 4.0

Mining and logging1

............................ 1.6 2.1 3.1 3.6 5.4 4.8 4.1 4.3 3.5

Construction1

................................... 2.5 2.3 3.2 4.2 5.3 5.0 4.3 5.0 5.1

Manufacturing.................................. 2.9 2.7 3.0 2.3 2.7 2.6 2.2 2.6 2.6

Durable goods1

.............................. 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.1 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.4

Nondurable goods1.......................... 3.3 3.1 3.6 2.5 3.1 2.9 2.2 3.3 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.9

Wholesale trade1

............................ 2.9 3.0 3.6 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.0 2.2

Retail trade................................... 3.7 4.0 3.8 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.4 4.7 4.6

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities1

..................................... 3.8 2.6 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.5

Information1

..................................... 3.0 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.4 2.5 2.9 2.6

Financial activities.............................. 3.5 4.0 4.2 2.4 2.6 2.4 2.1 2.5 2.3

Finance and insurance..................... 3.5 4.1 4.5 2.1 2.3 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing1. . . . .. 3.7 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.5 2.9 3.7 3.2

Professional and business services......... 4.9 4.7 5.5 5.0 5.7 5.6 4.8 5.4 5.5

Education and health services............... 4.7 4.6 5.0 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.6

Educational services1

....................... 2.6 2.7 2.3 2.7 2.8 2.0 2.8 2.5 2.6

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 5.0 4.9 5.5 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.6

Leisure and hospitality........................ 4.5 4.8 4.9 6.5 6.0 6.1 6.1 5.9 5.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 3.9 2.5 4.1 8.5 6.4 6.7 6.9 6.1 6.5

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 4.6 5.2 5.0 6.2 5.9 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.8

Other services1

................................. 3.2 4.5 3.5 4.0 4.3 3.8 3.8 3.3 3.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

Government....................................... 2.4 2.3 2.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4

Federal1

......................................... 3.4 4.0 3.7 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.9 1.1

State and local................................. 2.2 2.1 2.3 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.4

State and local education.................. 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.3

State and local, excluding education1

. . .. 3.3 2.9 3.3 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.6

1 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in the job openings series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data

are identical.

p Preliminary
Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects and compiles 

JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm 

establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS 

concepts and methodology is available online at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as federal, state, and local government 

entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Data 

are collected for total employment, job openings, hires, 

quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total 

separations.

Concepts

Industry classification. The industry classifications in 

this release are in accordance with the 2012 version of the 

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

Employment. Employment includes persons on the 

payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period 

that includes the 12th day of the reference month. Fulltime, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, 

and hourly employees are included, as are employees on 

paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners 

of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or 

persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire 

pay period, are not counted as employed. Employees of 

temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, 

outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where they 

are working.

Job openings. Job openings information is collected for 

the last business day of the reference month. A job 

opening requires that: 1) a specific position exists and 

there is work available for that position, 2) work could 

start within 30 days whether or not the employer found a 

suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively 

recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the 

position. Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, 

short-term, and seasonal openings. Active recruiting 

means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a 

position by advertising in newspapers or on the Internet, 

posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or 

using other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, 

demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also 

excluded are jobs with start dates more than 30 days in 

the future, jobs for which employees have been hired but 

have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled by 

employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing 

companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job 

openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job 

openings by the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires. The hires level is the total number of additions to 

the payroll occurring at any time during the reference 

month, including both new and rehired employees, fulltime and part-time, permanent, short-term and seasonal 

employees, employees recalled to the location after a 

layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent 

employees who returned to work after having been 

formally separated, and transfers from other locations. 

The hires count does not include transfers or promotions 

within the reporting site, employees returning from strike, 

employees of temporary help agencies or employee 

leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. 

The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of 

hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by 

100.

Separations. The separations level is the total number of 

employment terminations occurring at any time during the 

reference month, and is reported by type of separation—

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. 

(Some respondents are only able to report total 

separations.) The quits count includes voluntary 

separations by employees (except for retirements, which 

are reported as other separations). The layoffs and 

discharges count is comprised of involuntary separations 

initiated by the employer and includes layoffs with no 

intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last 

more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 

downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for 

cause; terminations of permanent or short-term 

employees; and terminations of seasonal employees. The 

other separations count includes retirements, transfers to 

other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. 

The separations count does not include transfers within 

the same location or employees on strike. The separations 

rate is computed by dividing the number of separations by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The 

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates 

are computed similarly.

Annual estimates. Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs 

and discharges, other separations, and total separations 

are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. Annual 

rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the 

Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual average 

employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

This figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 

12 monthly rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual 

estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted 

data and are released with the January news release each 

year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job openings 

because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, 

measurement for the last business day of each month.
Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 

16,000 nonfarm business and government establishments. 

The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry 

sector, and establishment size class. The establishments 

are drawn from a universe of over 9.1 million 

establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of 

Employment and Wages (QCEW) program which

includes all employers subject to state unemployment 

insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the 

Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees

program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or 

ratio adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment 

estimates of the CES survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS 

employment is used to adjust the levels for all other 

JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only 

be as current as its sampling frame. The time lag from the 

birth of an establishment until its appearance on the 

sampling frame is approximately one year. In addition, 

many of these new units may fail within the first year. 

Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the 

sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot 

capture job openings, hires, and separations from these 

units during their early existence. To compensate for the 

inability to capture data from these establishments, BLS 

has developed a birth/death model that uses birth and 

death activity from previous years. The estimates of job 

openings, hires, and separations produced by the 

birth/death model are added to the sample-based estimates 

produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for 

openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several 

JOLTS series utilizing moving averages as seasonal 

filters. A concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is 

used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are 

calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and 

including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at 

the beginning and end of the series and to detect and 

adjust for outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be 

used to derive a measure of net employment change. This 

change should be comparable to the net employment 

change from the much larger CES survey. However, 

definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors between the two surveys historically 

caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit 

the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

Monthly Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the 

seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend 

(hires minus separations) forcing them to be 

approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality 

of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally 

adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied 

employment change and the CES net employment change 

is calculated. Next, the JOLTS implied employment 

change is adjusted to equal the CES net employment 

change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure 

adjusts the two components (hires, separations) 

proportionally to their contribution to the total churn 

(hires plus separations). The adjusted hires and 

separations are converted back to not seasonally adjusted 

data by reversing the application of the original seasonal 

factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been 

used to adjust the level estimates, rate estimates are 

computed from the adjusted levels. 

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and 

nonsampling error. When a sample is surveyed rather than 

the entire population, there is a chance that the sample 

estimates may differ from the "true" population values 

they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, 

varies depending on the particular sample selected, and 

this variability is measured by the standard error of the 

estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate 

based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 

standard errors from the "true" population value because 

of sampling error. Sampling error estimates are available

at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by non-sampling 

error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, 

including the failure to include a segment of the 

population, the inability to obtain data from all units in 

the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents 

to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by 

respondents, errors made in the collection or processing 

of the data, and errors from the employment benchmark 

data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2016

Feb.

2017

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017p

June

2016

Feb.

2017

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017p

Total............................................... 5,535 5,682 5,785 5,967 5,702 6,163 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.8 4.0

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 4,991 5,179 5,244 5,410 5,171 5,588 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.3

Mining and logging3

....................... 11 20 25 24 15 23 1.6 2.9 3.4 3.3 2.1 3.1

Construction3............................... 171 181 161 200 163 225 2.5 2.6 2.3 2.8 2.3 3.2

Manufacturing.............................. 363 364 404 365 350 388 2.9 2.9 3.2 2.9 2.7 3.0

Durable goods3

.......................... 206 209 230 207 201 214 2.6 2.6 2.9 2.6 2.5 2.7

Nondurable goods3

...................... 158 155 174 158 149 174 3.3 3.2 3.6 3.3 3.1 3.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 990 928 948 967 999 1,040 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.7

Wholesale trade3

........................ 172 175 183 210 185 221 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.4 3.0 3.6

Retail trade............................... 600 579 593 566 666 624 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.5 4.0 3.8

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities3

................................. 218 174 172 190 149 196 3.8 3.0 3.0 3.3 2.6 3.4

Information3................................. 85 75 83 109 88 81 3.0 2.7 3.0 3.8 3.1 2.9

Financial activities......................... 305 360 327 388 349 374 3.5 4.1 3.7 4.4 4.0 4.2

Finance and insurance................. 222 285 260 283 266 297 3.5 4.4 4.0 4.3 4.1 4.5

Real estate and rental and leasing3

... 83 75 68 105 83 78 3.7 3.3 3.0 4.6 3.7 3.4

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,041 976 1,152 1,093 1,029 1,208 4.9 4.5 5.3 5.0 4.7 5.5

Education and health services........... 1,103 1,241 1,103 1,111 1,109 1,222 4.7 5.1 4.6 4.6 4.6 5.0

Educational services3

................... 96 126 87 91 99 87 2.6 3.4 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.3

Health care and social assistance. . .. 1,007 1,115 1,016 1,020 1,010 1,135 5.0 5.5 5.0 5.0 4.9 5.5

Leisure and hospitality.................... 736 784 735 827 798 819 4.5 4.7 4.4 5.0 4.8 4.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 90 92 77 66 58 96 3.9 3.9 3.3 2.8 2.5 4.1

Accommodation and food services. .. 646 693 657 761 740 723 4.6 4.9 4.6 5.3 5.2 5.0

Other services3

............................. 187 250 306 327 270 208 3.2 4.2 5.1 5.4 4.5 3.5

Government................................... 544 503 541 557 531 575 2.4 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.5

Federal3

..................................... 99 83 91 93 118 108 3.4 2.9 3.1 3.2 4.0 3.7

State and local............................. 445 420 450 464 414 467 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.3

State and local education.............. 137 140 163 166 145 154 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.5

State and local, excluding

education3

............................. 308 280 288 298 269 313 3.3 3.0 3.1 3.2 2.9 3.3

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 897 1,102 1,033 1,103 1,057 1,057 3.3 3.9 3.7 3.9 3.8 3.8

South........................................... 2,108 2,060 2,160 2,190 2,062 2,199 3.9 3.7 3.9 4.0 3.7 4.0

Midwest........................................ 1,244 1,285 1,349 1,424 1,296 1,488 3.7 3.8 4.0 4.2 3.8 4.4

West............................................ 1,286 1,236 1,243 1,250 1,288 1,419 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 4.1

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2016

Feb.

2017

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017p

June

2016

Feb.

2017

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017p

Total............................................... 5,176 5,249 5,304 5,043 5,459 5,356 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.7 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 4,819 4,905 4,975 4,720 5,126 5,026 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.8 4.1 4.1

Mining and logging......................... 24 39 30 32 38 34 3.6 5.7 4.3 4.5 5.4 4.8

Construction................................ 278 367 372 375 368 348 4.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.3 5.0

Manufacturing.............................. 280 296 325 314 329 322 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.6

Durable goods........................... 162 154 177 164 183 188 2.1 2.0 2.3 2.1 2.4 2.4

Nondurable goods....................... 118 142 147 150 146 135 2.5 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.1 2.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,046 1,090 1,051 969 1,055 1,069 3.8 4.0 3.8 3.5 3.9 3.9

Wholesale trade......................... 141 139 129 116 126 134 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.3

Retail trade............................... 715 757 725 677 731 736 4.5 4.8 4.6 4.3 4.6 4.6

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 189 194 197 176 198 199 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.1 3.5 3.5

Information.................................. 81 76 77 58 73 66 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.1 2.7 2.4

Financial activities......................... 196 190 214 185 220 203 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.2 2.6 2.4

Finance and insurance................. 126 122 138 119 145 126 2.1 2.0 2.2 1.9 2.3 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 70 68 76 66 75 78 3.3 3.1 3.5 3.0 3.4 3.5

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,007 1,044 1,060 1,006 1,168 1,154 5.0 5.1 5.2 4.9 5.7 5.6

Education and health services........... 655 622 679 614 670 634 2.9 2.7 3.0 2.7 2.9 2.7

Educational services.................... 95 81 96 97 101 72 2.7 2.2 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.0

Health care and social assistance. . .. 560 541 582 518 569 561 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.7 2.9 2.9

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,022 981 967 953 955 978 6.5 6.2 6.1 6.0 6.0 6.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 190 151 119 151 144 152 8.5 6.7 5.3 6.7 6.4 6.7

Accommodation and food services. .. 832 831 849 802 811 826 6.2 6.1 6.3 5.9 5.9 6.1

Other services.............................. 229 199 200 213 250 217 4.0 3.5 3.5 3.7 4.3 3.8

Government................................... 357 344 329 324 332 331 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5

Federal...................................... 39 35 34 34 29 31 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.1

State and local............................. 317 308 295 290 303 300 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5

State and local education.............. 155 151 143 140 146 140 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 162 157 152 150 157 160 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 891 864 864 888 1,017 868 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.8 3.2

South........................................... 1,895 2,105 2,057 1,963 2,109 2,153 3.6 4.0 3.9 3.7 4.0 4.0

Midwest........................................ 1,173 1,123 1,131 1,083 1,167 1,162 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.6 3.6

West............................................ 1,217 1,157 1,252 1,110 1,165 1,173 3.7 3.5 3.8 3.3 3.5 3.5

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2016

Feb.

2017

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017p

June

2016

Feb.

2017

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017p

Total............................................... 4,940 5,008 5,198 5,008 5,245 5,224 3.4 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.6 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 4,603 4,662 4,882 4,681 4,914 4,912 3.8 3.8 4.0 3.8 4.0 4.0

Mining and logging......................... 27 32 25 23 31 25 4.1 4.7 3.6 3.3 4.3 3.5

Construction................................ 291 339 374 377 341 351 4.3 4.9 5.4 5.5 5.0 5.1

Manufacturing.............................. 267 280 318 317 325 321 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6

Durable goods........................... 163 155 173 162 171 182 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.4

Nondurable goods....................... 104 125 146 155 153 139 2.2 2.7 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,025 1,056 1,063 948 1,051 1,058 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.5 3.8 3.9

Wholesale trade......................... 138 135 132 116 116 128 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.2

Retail trade............................... 699 749 745 663 747 735 4.4 4.7 4.7 4.2 4.7 4.6

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 188 171 186 168 187 195 3.4 3.1 3.3 3.0 3.3 3.5

Information.................................. 71 79 79 74 79 70 2.5 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.9 2.6

Financial activities......................... 177 182 201 184 213 193 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.2 2.5 2.3

Finance and insurance................. 116 127 126 110 132 122 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.8 2.1 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 61 55 75 74 81 71 2.9 2.5 3.4 3.4 3.7 3.2

Professional and business services. . . .. 964 999 1,033 1,001 1,116 1,142 4.8 4.9 5.0 4.9 5.4 5.5

Education and health services........... 613 548 635 594 625 610 2.7 2.4 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.6

Educational services.................... 101 59 90 86 92 95 2.8 1.6 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.6

Health care and social assistance. . .. 512 488 545 508 532 515 2.7 2.5 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.6

Leisure and hospitality.................... 952 968 966 943 942 936 6.1 6.1 6.1 5.9 5.9 5.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 154 140 137 133 137 148 6.9 6.2 6.1 5.9 6.1 6.5

Accommodation and food services. .. 799 828 829 810 804 788 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.8

Other services.............................. 215 179 188 220 192 205 3.8 3.1 3.3 3.8 3.3 3.6

Government................................... 338 347 315 328 331 313 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4

Federal...................................... 34 35 37 34 26 30 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 0.9 1.1

State and local............................. 303 312 278 293 305 283 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.4

State and local education.............. 153 168 130 147 139 135 1.5 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.3

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 150 144 148 147 166 147 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.6

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 767 866 816 808 839 847 2.9 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1

South........................................... 1,883 1,971 2,057 1,992 2,190 2,120 3.6 3.7 3.9 3.7 4.1 4.0

Midwest........................................ 1,121 1,057 1,162 1,044 1,096 1,102 3.5 3.3 3.6 3.2 3.4 3.4

West............................................ 1,169 1,114 1,163 1,165 1,119 1,155 3.6 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.5

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2016

Feb.

2017

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017p

June

2016

Feb.

2017

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017p

Total............................................... 2,980 3,036 3,138 3,044 3,206 3,134 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.1

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 2,798 2,865 2,962 2,887 3,035 2,968 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.4

Mining and logging......................... 13 17 13 11 14 14 1.9 2.5 1.9 1.6 2.0 2.0

Construction................................ 104 162 164 159 142 138 1.5 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.0

Manufacturing.............................. 138 184 183 178 202 194 1.1 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.6

Durable goods........................... 81 97 94 94 104 103 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3

Nondurable goods....................... 57 88 89 84 98 91 1.2 1.9 1.9 1.8 2.1 2.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 650 672 678 581 675 642 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.1 2.5 2.3

Wholesale trade......................... 88 71 76 72 72 69 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2

Retail trade............................... 463 492 498 420 498 467 2.9 3.1 3.1 2.7 3.1 2.9

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 99 109 105 89 104 106 1.8 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.9 1.9

Information.................................. 37 48 43 37 31 40 1.3 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.5

Financial activities......................... 105 85 105 111 131 103 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.2

Finance and insurance................. 69 57 71 71 80 59 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.3 0.9

Real estate and rental and leasing3... 35 28 34 40 52 44 1.7 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.4 2.0

Professional and business services. . . .. 560 569 618 630 616 664 2.8 2.8 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.2

Education and health services........... 407 371 426 402 421 420 1.8 1.6 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.8

Educational services.................... 50 41 48 45 45 52 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.4

Health care and social assistance. . .. 357 330 379 357 376 368 1.9 1.7 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.9

Leisure and hospitality.................... 650 660 649 667 690 640 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 65 76 76 77 67 58 2.9 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.0 2.6

Accommodation and food services. .. 585 584 573 590 623 582 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.6 4.3

Other services3

............................. 136 97 83 111 112 112 2.4 1.7 1.4 1.9 2.0 2.0

Government................................... 182 171 176 157 172 166 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7

Federal...................................... 13 16 16 14 11 14 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5

State and local............................. 169 155 159 143 160 153 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8

State and local education.............. 86 74 72 75 78 76 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 83 81 87 67 83 77 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.7 0.9 0.8

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 410 426 419 446 472 455 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7

South........................................... 1,204 1,267 1,308 1,220 1,311 1,290 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.3 2.5 2.4

Midwest........................................ 653 694 695 639 691 650 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.0

West............................................ 713 649 715 740 733 738 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2016

Feb.

2017

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017p

June

2016

Feb.

2017

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017p

Total............................................... 1,609 1,594 1,661 1,605 1,673 1,701 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 1,522 1,483 1,582 1,500 1,577 1,611 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3

Mining and logging3

....................... 12 12 8 9 13 8 1.7 1.7 1.2 1.3 1.9 1.1

Construction................................ 177 155 197 207 187 200 2.7 2.3 2.9 3.0 2.7 2.9

Manufacturing.............................. 106 73 112 117 103 101 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8

Durable goods........................... 69 43 67 55 59 64 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.8

Nondurable goods....................... 37 30 44 63 44 36 0.8 0.6 0.9 1.3 1.0 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 295 309 303 282 283 301 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1

Wholesale trade3

........................ 38 49 45 33 36 34 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6

Retail trade............................... 179 210 195 183 184 202 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 78 50 63 66 63 66 1.4 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2

Information.................................. 25 23 28 24 33 24 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.2 0.9

Financial activities......................... 52 68 70 45 51 60 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.7

Finance and insurance................. 29 46 32 19 25 39 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.6

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 23 22 38 25 26 21 1.1 1.0 1.7 1.2 1.2 1.0

Professional and business services. . . .. 348 367 325 315 440 423 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.5 2.1 2.0

Education and health services........... 164 127 161 158 168 143 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6

Educational services.................... 37 16 36 37 40 31 1.1 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.9

Health care and social assistance. . .. 127 111 126 121 129 112 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6

Leisure and hospitality.................... 276 276 278 247 222 276 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 86 61 58 54 67 89 3.9 2.7 2.6 2.4 3.0 3.9

Accommodation and food services. .. 190 215 220 194 155 188 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.1 1.4

Other services.............................. 65 73 100 96 76 75 1.2 1.3 1.8 1.7 1.3 1.3

Government................................... 88 111 79 104 97 90 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4

Federal...................................... 11 10 11 11 9 8 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3

State and local............................. 76 101 69 94 88 81 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4

State and local education.............. 37 63 32 42 37 35 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 39 38 36 52 51 46 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.5

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 304 374 327 295 303 334 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2

South........................................... 535 566 601 646 751 683 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.3

Midwest........................................ 397 294 368 333 321 363 1.2 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1

West............................................ 373 361 365 331 298 321 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2016

Feb.

2017

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017p

June

2016

Feb.

2017

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017p

Total............................................... 351 378 399 359 365 389 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 283 314 338 293 303 333 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3

Mining and logging......................... 3 4 4 3 3 3 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4

Construction3

............................... 10 22 13 11 13 13 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Manufacturing.............................. 22 24 23 21 19 27 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods........................... 14 16 11 13 8 15 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

Nondurable goods3...................... 9 8 12 8 11 12 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 81 74 82 84 93 114 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4

Wholesale trade......................... 13 14 12 11 8 26 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4

Retail trade............................... 57 48 52 60 65 66 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities3

................................. 12 12 18 13 20 22 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4

Information3................................. 9 8 9 13 15 6 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.2

Financial activities......................... 20 29 25 28 30 30 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

Finance and insurance................. 17 24 22 20 27 24 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing3... 3 4 3 8 3 6 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.3

Professional and business services. . . .. 56 62 90 57 60 56 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3

Education and health services........... 42 50 48 34 36 47 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Educational services3................... 14 2 7 4 8 11 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3

Health care and social assistance3

. .. 28 47 41 30 28 36 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Leisure and hospitality.................... 26 32 40 29 29 20 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation3

... 2 3 3 3 3 2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services3... 24 29 37 26 26 18 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1

Other services3............................. 14 10 5 13 4 18 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3

Government................................... 68 64 60 66 63 57 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal...................................... 10 9 10 9 6 8 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3

State and local............................. 58 56 50 57 57 49 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2

State and local education.............. 30 31 25 29 24 25 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 28 24 25 28 33 24 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 53 66 70 67 65 58 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

South........................................... 145 139 148 126 128 146 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3

Midwest........................................ 70 69 98 72 84 90 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3

West............................................ 83 104 82 94 88 96 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

Total..................................................................... 5,467 5,701 6,138 3.6 3.7 4.0

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,891 5,168 5,527 3.8 4.0 4.2

Mining and logging............................................... 11 15 23 1.6 2.2 3.1

Construction....................................................... 171 163 225 2.4 2.3 3.1

Manufacturing..................................................... 363 350 388 2.8 2.7 3.0

Durable goods.................................................. 206 201 214 2.6 2.5 2.7

Nondurable goods............................................. 158 149 174 3.3 3.1 3.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 958 993 1,010 3.4 3.5 3.6

Wholesale trade................................................ 172 185 221 2.8 3.0 3.6

Retail trade..................................................... 569 659 593 3.5 4.0 3.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 218 149 196 3.8 2.6 3.4

Information........................................................ 85 88 81 2.9 3.1 2.9

Financial activities................................................ 302 332 373 3.5 3.8 4.2

Finance and insurance........................................ 219 249 296 3.4 3.8 4.5

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 83 83 78 3.7 3.7 3.3

Professional and business services............................ 1,031 1,042 1,234 4.8 4.8 5.6

Education and health services.................................. 1,040 1,067 1,162 4.4 4.4 4.8

Educational services.......................................... 96 99 87 2.8 2.6 2.5

Health care and social assistance........................... 944 967 1,075 4.7 4.7 5.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 744 847 823 4.4 5.0 4.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 84 66 90 3.2 2.7 3.4

Accommodation and food services.......................... 660 781 733 4.6 5.4 5.0

Other services.................................................... 187 270 208 3.1 4.5 3.4

Government.......................................................... 576 533 611 2.5 2.3 2.7

Federal............................................................. 99 118 108 3.4 4.0 3.7

State and local.................................................... 477 415 503 2.4 2.1 2.5

State and local education..................................... 169 146 190 1.7 1.3 1.9

State and local, excluding education........................ 308 269 313 3.2 2.9 3.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 881 1,062 1,031 3.2 3.8 3.7

South................................................................. 2,086 2,023 2,207 3.8 3.6 3.9

Midwest............................................................... 1,207 1,327 1,471 3.6 3.9 4.3

West.................................................................. 1,293 1,290 1,429 3.7 3.7 4.1

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

Total..................................................................... 5,922 6,032 6,100 4.1 4.1 4.1

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 5,456 5,679 5,664 4.4 4.6 4.5

Mining and logging............................................... 27 39 40 4.1 5.6 5.6

Construction....................................................... 340 462 411 4.9 6.7 5.8

Manufacturing..................................................... 344 368 397 2.8 3.0 3.2

Durable goods.................................................. 196 209 230 2.5 2.7 3.0

Nondurable goods............................................. 148 159 167 3.2 3.4 3.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,024 1,108 1,059 3.8 4.1 3.9

Wholesale trade................................................ 156 132 151 2.6 2.2 2.5

Retail trade..................................................... 697 799 729 4.4 5.1 4.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 171 177 180 3.1 3.2 3.2

Information........................................................ 96 76 78 3.4 2.8 2.8

Financial activities................................................ 235 248 244 2.8 3.0 2.9

Finance and insurance........................................ 152 163 151 2.5 2.6 2.4

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 82 85 93 3.8 3.9 4.2

Professional and business services............................ 1,092 1,223 1,248 5.4 5.9 6.0

Education and health services.................................. 725 649 695 3.2 2.8 3.0

Educational services.......................................... 115 77 86 3.4 2.1 2.5

Health care and social assistance........................... 610 572 608 3.2 2.9 3.1

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 1,270 1,206 1,199 7.8 7.5 7.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 303 241 244 12.0 10.3 9.5

Accommodation and food services.......................... 967 966 955 7.0 7.0 6.8

Other services.................................................... 303 299 294 5.3 5.2 5.0

Government.......................................................... 467 353 436 2.1 1.6 2.0

Federal............................................................. 52 36 39 1.8 1.3 1.4

State and local.................................................... 415 317 397 2.2 1.6 2.0

State and local education..................................... 132 90 115 1.3 0.8 1.1

State and local, excluding education........................ 283 226 282 3.0 2.5 3.0

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 1,032 1,103 1,005 3.9 4.1 3.7

South................................................................. 2,081 2,260 2,367 3.9 4.2 4.4

Midwest............................................................... 1,374 1,419 1,354 4.3 4.4 4.1

West.................................................................. 1,436 1,249 1,373 4.3 3.7 4.1

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

Total..................................................................... 5,170 5,236 5,421 3.6 3.6 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,622 4,853 4,936 3.8 3.9 3.9

Mining and logging............................................... 27 31 24 4.0 4.4 3.4

Construction....................................................... 254 317 310 3.7 4.6 4.4

Manufacturing..................................................... 275 328 335 2.2 2.6 2.7

Durable goods.................................................. 166 171 191 2.1 2.2 2.4

Nondurable goods............................................. 110 157 144 2.3 3.4 3.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 987 1,015 1,021 3.6 3.7 3.7

Wholesale trade................................................ 142 110 127 2.4 1.9 2.1

Retail trade..................................................... 671 743 709 4.2 4.7 4.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 174 161 184 3.2 2.9 3.3

Information........................................................ 70 78 68 2.5 2.9 2.5

Financial activities................................................ 177 212 193 2.1 2.5 2.3

Finance and insurance........................................ 116 135 123 1.9 2.2 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 61 77 69 2.8 3.5 3.1

Professional and business services............................ 953 1,122 1,150 4.7 5.4 5.5

Education and health services.................................. 727 662 719 3.2 2.9 3.1

Educational services.......................................... 180 118 170 5.4 3.2 5.0

Health care and social assistance........................... 547 543 548 2.9 2.8 2.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 936 901 909 5.7 5.6 5.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 115 109 108 4.5 4.7 4.2

Accommodation and food services.......................... 821 792 801 6.0 5.7 5.7

Other services.................................................... 215 189 206 3.7 3.3 3.5

Government.......................................................... 548 383 484 2.5 1.7 2.2

Federal............................................................. 31 21 27 1.1 0.7 0.9

State and local.................................................... 516 362 458 2.7 1.8 2.4

State and local education..................................... 359 212 311 3.6 2.0 3.1

State and local, excluding education........................ 157 150 147 1.7 1.6 1.6

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 767 759 841 2.9 2.8 3.1

South................................................................. 2,017 2,260 2,253 3.8 4.2 4.2

Midwest............................................................... 1,153 1,096 1,121 3.6 3.4 3.4

West.................................................................. 1,232 1,120 1,205 3.7 3.3 3.6

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

Total..................................................................... 3,192 3,260 3,328 2.2 2.2 2.3

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 2,912 3,059 3,080 2.4 2.5 2.5

Mining and logging............................................... 12 14 14 1.8 2.1 2.0

Construction....................................................... 111 151 142 1.6 2.2 2.0

Manufacturing..................................................... 146 217 204 1.2 1.8 1.6

Durable goods.................................................. 84 112 108 1.1 1.4 1.4

Nondurable goods............................................. 62 106 95 1.3 2.3 2.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 657 670 646 2.4 2.5 2.4

Wholesale trade................................................ 95 70 73 1.6 1.2 1.2

Retail trade..................................................... 465 508 468 2.9 3.2 3.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 98 92 106 1.8 1.6 1.9

Information........................................................ 36 30 39 1.3 1.1 1.4

Financial activities................................................ 110 137 108 1.3 1.6 1.3

Finance and insurance........................................ 75 85 63 1.2 1.4 1.0

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 35 52 44 1.6 2.4 2.0

Professional and business services............................ 574 618 681 2.8 3.0 3.3

Education and health services.................................. 451 429 472 2.0 1.9 2.1

Educational services.......................................... 76 49 84 2.3 1.3 2.5

Health care and social assistance........................... 375 380 388 2.0 2.0 2.0

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 679 682 662 4.2 4.2 4.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 70 64 61 2.7 2.7 2.4

Accommodation and food services.......................... 609 618 601 4.4 4.5 4.3

Other services.................................................... 136 112 112 2.4 1.9 1.9

Government.......................................................... 279 200 248 1.3 0.9 1.1

Federal............................................................. 14 10 14 0.5 0.4 0.5

State and local.................................................... 266 190 234 1.4 1.0 1.2

State and local education..................................... 176 102 154 1.8 1.0 1.5

State and local, excluding education........................ 90 87 80 1.0 1.0 0.9

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 418 459 464 1.6 1.7 1.7

South................................................................. 1,316 1,335 1,403 2.5 2.5 2.6

Midwest............................................................... 703 722 682 2.2 2.2 2.1

West.................................................................. 755 744 778 2.3 2.2 2.3

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

Total..................................................................... 1,574 1,596 1,667 1.1 1.1 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 1,440 1,486 1,538 1.2 1.2 1.2

Mining and logging............................................... 12 13 8 1.7 1.9 1.1

Construction....................................................... 134 154 155 1.9 2.2 2.2

Manufacturing..................................................... 106 91 103 0.9 0.7 0.8

Durable goods.................................................. 67 51 65 0.9 0.7 0.8

Nondurable goods............................................. 39 40 38 0.8 0.9 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 261 240 271 1.0 0.9 1.0

Wholesale trade................................................ 38 36 34 0.6 0.6 0.6

Retail trade..................................................... 158 155 181 1.0 1.0 1.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 65 50 57 1.2 0.9 1.0

Information........................................................ 26 34 24 0.9 1.2 0.9

Financial activities................................................ 46 42 54 0.6 0.5 0.6

Finance and insurance........................................ 24 20 35 0.4 0.3 0.6

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 22 22 19 1.0 1.0 0.9

Professional and business services............................ 327 452 419 1.6 2.2 2.0

Education and health services.................................. 233 197 200 1.0 0.9 0.9

Educational services.......................................... 89 62 75 2.7 1.7 2.2

Health care and social assistance........................... 143 135 125 0.8 0.7 0.6

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 231 190 228 1.4 1.2 1.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 43 43 46 1.7 1.8 1.8

Accommodation and food services.......................... 188 147 182 1.4 1.1 1.3

Other services.................................................... 66 73 76 1.1 1.3 1.3

Government.......................................................... 134 110 129 0.6 0.5 0.6

Federal............................................................. 8 5 6 0.3 0.2 0.2

State and local.................................................... 125 105 123 0.7 0.5 0.6

State and local education..................................... 92 73 83 0.9 0.7 0.8

State and local, excluding education........................ 33 33 40 0.4 0.4 0.4

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 283 241 312 1.1 0.9 1.1

South................................................................. 538 791 692 1.0 1.5 1.3

Midwest............................................................... 372 277 343 1.2 0.8 1.0

West.................................................................. 382 287 320 1.1 0.9 1.0

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

June

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

Total..................................................................... 404 380 426 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 269 308 318 0.2 0.2 0.3

Mining and logging............................................... 3 3 2 0.5 0.4 0.3

Construction....................................................... 10 13 13 0.1 0.2 0.2

Manufacturing..................................................... 24 20 29 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods.................................................. 15 9 17 0.2 0.1 0.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 9 11 12 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 69 105 103 0.3 0.4 0.4

Wholesale trade................................................ 9 5 21 0.2 0.1 0.4

Retail trade..................................................... 48 80 60 0.3 0.5 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 12 20 22 0.2 0.3 0.4

Information........................................................ 9 15 6 0.3 0.5 0.2

Financial activities................................................ 21 33 31 0.3 0.4 0.4

Finance and insurance........................................ 18 30 25 0.3 0.5 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 3 3 6 0.1 0.2 0.3

Professional and business services............................ 52 52 50 0.3 0.2 0.2

Education and health services.................................. 42 36 47 0.2 0.2 0.2

Educational services.......................................... 14 8 11 0.4 0.2 0.3

Health care and social assistance........................... 28 28 36 0.1 0.1 0.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 26 29 20 0.2 0.2 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 2 3 2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 24 26 18 0.2 0.2 0.1

Other services.................................................... 14 4 18 0.2 0.1 0.3

Government.......................................................... 134 72 108 0.6 0.3 0.5

Federal............................................................. 9 5 7 0.3 0.2 0.2

State and local.................................................... 125 67 101 0.6 0.3 0.5

State and local education..................................... 91 37 74 0.9 0.3 0.7

State and local, excluding education........................ 34 30 27 0.4 0.3 0.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 66 59 65 0.2 0.2 0.2

South................................................................. 164 135 158 0.3 0.3 0.3

Midwest............................................................... 77 97 96 0.2 0.3 0.3

West.................................................................. 96 88 107 0.3 0.3 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.