#### Pasquale Imperato, Appellant, *v.*Olaf Wasboe, Respondent.

(Supreme Court, Appellate Term,

April, 1905.)

Broker — Commissions — Written authority to sell real estate — Penal Code, § 6406.

A letter written to a real estate broker describing certain real estate, setting a minimum price and signed by the owner, is a sufficient “written authority” under section 640d of the Penal Code, making it a misdemeanor to offer for sale any real estate without the written authority of the owner.

Appeal by plaintiff from a judgment rendered in favor of the defendant in the Municipal Court of the city of New York, ninth district, borough of Manhattan.

Charles G. F. Wahle, for appellant.

John O’Connell, for respondent.

*151Leventritt, J.

This was an action brought to recover a brokerage. The complaint was dismissed at the close of the plaintiff's ease on the ground that no written authority from the defendant was shown. Penal Code, § 640d. Under Whiteley v. Terry, 83 App. Div. 197, we are in this department compelled to assume the constitutionality of chapter 128 of the Laws of 1901, which amended the Penal Code by the subdivision cited. A contrary rule prevails in the Second Department. Grossman v. Caminez, 79 App. Div. 15. Section 640d of the Penal Code reads: “ In cities of the first class and second class, any person who shall offer for sale any real property without the written authority of the owner of such property, or of his attorney in fact, appointed in writing, or of a person who has made a written contract for the purchase of such property with the owner thereof shall be guilty of á misdemeanor.”

This highly penal statute is to be strictly construed (Gay v. Seibold, 97 N. Y. 472), without the insertion of any terms which are not essential to its reasonable interpretation. The origin of the section is to be sought in the desire to protect that part of the commercial community engaged in real estate transactions, and its provisions are aimed at irresponsible brokers, who would constitute themselves agents by their own fiat, and then, whether successful or not, seek to fasten a liability on the owners of property for commissions on abortive sales. A writing signed by the owner and addressed to the broker eixpressly or impliedly acknowledging authority to act as agent for the purposes of the sale is to my mind a sufficient compliance with the statute. It is to be noted that there is no specific requirement in the statute beyond the fact that the authority to act shall be evidenced by a writing. Cody v. Dempsey, 86 App. Div. 335, 339, 340.

In this suit the plaintiff relied on the following letter:

> “Mb. P. Imperato,

> “ Real Estate Broker:

> “ Dear sir.— It will be impossible for me to keep my appointment for Tuesday, September 26th. inst., at 7 p. m. *152owing to business which will keep me from doing so. There will be no need of my meeting you if you haven’t a party who desires to purchase my house bio. 416 East 124th Street at $15,000., as I am not very anxious to dispose of my property, and I do not intend to sell for any less.

> “ Very truly yours,

> “0. Wahbob,

> “ 924 Third Ave.,

> “blew York City.”

I think this shows a compliance both with the purpose and the demand of the statute. The plaintiff is addressed in his capacity as real estate broker: the letter describes the property; states a minimum price, and is signed by the defendant. All the elements of a proper written authorization are embodied in the letter. Although negative in form, it is not to be read as evidencing no authority. The reasonable construction of the writing is that the plaintiff should not have authority to sell for less than $15,000, which necessarily involves an authorization to sell at that price.

In a recent case in this court it was held that a memorandum reading, merely “Property 16 Mangin Street; $9,000.00, no.less — Felice Boccuzzi” signed not by the owner, but by his son, at his direction, was insufficient. Cohen v. Boccuzzi, 42 Misc. Rep. 544. In that case the authorization was not directed to anybody; its terms were indefinite; it was not signed by the owner or his attorney in fact; the amount of money mentioned might have referred to something other than price demanded, and there was no recognition of authority in anybody. The present writing clearly shows, over the signature of the owner, an intention to give a broker, designated as such, the right to sell at a named figure. The letter was the authority required by statute. The judgment should be reversed.

Scott and Geeexbaum:, JJ., concur.

Judgment reversed and new trial ordered, with costs to appellant to abide event.