For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Wednesday, June 8, 2016 USDL-16-1149

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – APRIL 2016

The number of job openings was little changed at 5.8 million on the last business day of April, the U.S. 

Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires edged down to 5.1 million while separations were little 

changed at 5.0 million. Within separations, the quits rate was 2.0 percent, and the layoffs and discharges 

rate was 1.1 percent. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and 

separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by four geographic regions.

Job Openings

Job openings were little changed at 5.8 million in April. The job openings rate was 3.9 percent. The 

number of job openings was little changed in April for total private and for government. Job openings

increased in a number of industries, with the largest changes occurring in wholesale trade (+65,000), 

transportation, warehousing, and utilities (+58,000), durable goods manufacturing (+46,000), and real 

estate and rental and leasing (+41,000). Job openings decreased in professional and business services

(-274,000). The number of job openings was little changed in all four regions. (See table 1.)

Hires

The number of hires edged down to 5.1 million in April. The hires rate was 3.5 percent. The number of 

hires was little changed in April for total private and edged down for government (-31,000). Hires were 

little changed in all industries in April and decreased in the Midwest region. (See table 2.)

 2.0

 2.2

 2.4

 2.6

 2.8

 3.0

 3.2

 3.4

 3.6

 3.8

 4.0

 4.2

 4.4

Apr-13 Jul-13 Oct-13 Jan-14 Apr-14 Jul-14 Oct-14 Jan-15 Apr-15 Jul-15 Oct-15 Jan-16 Apr-16

Percent

Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted, April 2013 - April 2016

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.4

3.6

3.8

4.0

4.2

4.4

Apr-13 Jul-13 Oct-13 Jan-14 Apr-14 Jul-14 Oct-14 Jan-15 Apr-15 Jul-15 Oct-15 Jan-16 Apr-16

Hires

Separations

Percent

Chart 2. Hires and total separations rates, seasonally adjusted, April 2013 - April 2016
- 2 -

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 

referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 

the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 

discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations 

due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 5.0 million total separations in April, little changed from March. The total separations rate 

in April was 3.5 percent. The number of total separations was little changed over the month for total 

private and for government. All industries experienced little change in total separations over the month. 

In the regions, the number of total separations declined in the Midwest. (See table 3.)

The number of quits was little changed in April at 2.9 million. The quits rate was 2.0 percent. Over the 

month, the number of quits was little changed for total private and for government. Quits increased in

arts, entertainment, and recreation (+15,000) but decreased in construction (-45,000) and mining and 

logging (-5,000). The number of quits decreased in the Northeast region. (See table 4.)

There were 1.6 million layoffs and discharges in April, little changed from March. The layoffs and 

discharges rate was 1.1 percent. The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed over the month

for total private and for government. In April, layoffs and discharges declined in professional and 

business services (-81,000). In the regions, layoffs and discharges decreased in the Midwest. (See table 

5.)

In April, other separations edged up for total nonfarm and for total private, and was little changed for 

government. The number of other separations rose in health care and social assistance (+20,000), 

accommodation and food services (+13,000), and information (+7,000). The number of other 

separations was little changed over the month in all four regions. (See table 6.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 

employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 

hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 

Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 

if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in April, hires totaled 62.4 million and 

separations totaled 59.7 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.7 million. These totals include 

workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for May 2016 are scheduled to be released 

on Tuesday, July 12, 2016 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY

(in thousands)

Total................................................... 5,580 5,670 5,788 5,071 5,290 5,092 4,887 5,096 4,988

Total private....................................... 5,083 5,175 5,289 4,730 4,912 4,743 4,558 4,747 4,630

Mining and logging1............................ 15 9 16 25 26 23 39 40 33

Construction1................................... 170 215 200 335 346 339 299 334 337

Manufacturing.................................. 337 337 415 254 251 273 259 288 279

Durable goods1.............................. 215 167 213 145 145 156 151 171 159

Nondurable goods1

.......................... 122 170 202 109 106 117 108 116 120

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 978 975 1,120 1,040 1,094 1,018 1,018 1,043 1,011

Wholesale trade1............................ 181 189 254 128 164 150 127 145 148

Retail trade................................... 538 605 626 720 769 713 712 747 707

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities1

..................................... 259 181 239 191 161 156 178 151 156

Information1

..................................... 116 75 102 78 74 80 68 67 82

Financial activities.............................. 380 326 380 211 218 202 207 191 184

Finance and insurance..................... 279 257 270 145 135 131 133 116 112

Real estate and rental and leasing1. . . . .. 100 69 110 66 83 71 74 76 72

Professional and business services......... 1,116 1,145 871 1,066 1,071 1,038 1,027 1,042 1,002

Education and health services............... 1,056 1,042 1,124 594 615 612 531 557 569

Educational services1

....................... 103 85 109 73 82 94 68 73 76

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 954 957 1,015 521 534 519 463 484 492

Leisure and hospitality........................ 726 781 763 929 1,001 957 929 972 934

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 67 80 65 142 150 120 135 144 126

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 659 701 698 788 852 837 794 828 808

Other services1................................. 189 269 299 197 215 201 182 213 201

Government....................................... 496 494 498 341 379 348 329 349 358

Federal1

......................................... 78 90 86 39 40 34 36 39 40

State and local................................. 418 404 412 302 339 314 293 310 318

State and local education.................. 138 145 143 143 174 161 144 171 175

State and local, excluding education1

. . .. 280 259 269 158 165 154 149 139 143

RATES BY INDUSTRY

(percent)

Total................................................... 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.6 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5

Total private....................................... 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.9 3.8

Mining and logging1

............................ 1.7 1.3 2.1 3.0 3.6 3.2 4.7 5.6 4.6

Construction1

................................... 2.6 3.1 2.9 5.2 5.2 5.1 4.7 5.0 5.1

Manufacturing.................................. 2.7 2.7 3.3 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.3

Durable goods1

.............................. 2.7 2.1 2.7 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.9 2.2 2.1

Nondurable goods1.......................... 2.6 3.6 4.2 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 3.5 3.5 3.9 3.9 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.7

Wholesale trade1

............................ 3.0 3.1 4.1 2.2 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.5

Retail trade................................... 3.3 3.7 3.8 4.6 4.8 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities1

..................................... 4.6 3.2 4.2 3.6 3.0 2.9 3.3 2.8 2.9

Information1

..................................... 4.1 2.6 3.5 2.8 2.7 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.9

Financial activities.............................. 4.5 3.8 4.4 2.6 2.7 2.4 2.6 2.3 2.2

Finance and insurance..................... 4.4 4.0 4.2 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.2 1.9 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing1. . . . .. 4.6 3.2 4.9 3.2 3.9 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.4

Professional and business services......... 5.4 5.4 4.2 5.5 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.2 5.0

Education and health services............... 4.6 4.4 4.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.4 2.5 2.5

Educational services1

....................... 2.9 2.4 3.0 2.1 2.3 2.7 2.0 2.1 2.2

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 4.9 4.8 5.1 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.6

Leisure and hospitality........................ 4.6 4.8 4.7 6.2 6.5 6.2 6.2 6.3 6.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 3.0 3.5 2.8 6.6 6.7 5.4 6.3 6.5 5.7

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 4.9 5.0 5.0 6.1 6.4 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.1

Other services1

................................. 3.3 4.5 5.0 3.5 3.8 3.5 3.2 3.7 3.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Government....................................... 2.2 2.2 2.2 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6

Federal1

......................................... 2.8 3.2 3.0 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5

State and local................................. 2.1 2.0 2.1 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6

State and local education.................. 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.7 1.7

State and local, excluding education1

. . .. 3.0 2.8 2.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.6

1 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

p Preliminary
Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects and compiles 

JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm 

establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS 

concepts and methodology is available online at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as federal, state, and local government 

entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Data 

are collected for total employment, job openings, hires, 

quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total 

separations.

Concepts

Industry classification. The industry classifications in 

this release are in accordance with the 2012 version of the 

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

Employment. Employment includes persons on the 

payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period 

that includes the 12th day of the reference month. Fulltime, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, 

and hourly employees are included, as are employees on 

paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners 

of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or 

persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire 

pay period, are not counted as employed. Employees of 

temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, 

outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where they 

are working.

Job openings. Job openings information is collected for 

the last business day of the reference month. A job 

opening requires that: 1) a specific position exists and 

there is work available for that position, 2) work could 

start within 30 days whether or not the employer found a 

suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively 

recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the 

position. Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, 

short-term, and seasonal openings. Active recruiting 

means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a 

position by advertising in newspapers or on the Internet, 

posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or 

using other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, 

demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also 

excluded are jobs with start dates more than 30 days in 

the future, jobs for which employees have been hired but 

have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled by 

employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing 

companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job 

openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job 

openings by the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires. The hires level is the total number of additions to 

the payroll occurring at any time during the reference 

month, including both new and rehired employees, fulltime and part-time, permanent, short-term and seasonal 

employees, employees recalled to the location after a 

layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent 

employees who returned to work after having been 

formally separated, and transfers from other locations. 

The hires count does not include transfers or promotions 

within the reporting site, employees returning from strike, 

employees of temporary help agencies or employee 

leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. 

The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of 

hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by 

100.

Separations. The separations level is the total number of 

employment terminations occurring at any time during the 

reference month, and is reported by type of separation—

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. 

(Some respondents are only able to report total 

separations.) The quits count includes voluntary 

separations by employees (except for retirements, which 

are reported as other separations). The layoffs and 

discharges count is comprised of involuntary separations 

initiated by the employer and includes layoffs with no 

intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last 

more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 

downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for 

cause; terminations of permanent or short-term 

employees; and terminations of seasonal employees. The 

other separations count includes retirements, transfers to 

other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. 

The separations count does not include transfers within 

the same location or employees on strike. The separations 

rate is computed by dividing the number of separations by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The 

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates 

are computed similarly.

Annual estimates. Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs 

and discharges, other separations, and total separations 

are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. Annual 

rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the 

Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual average 

employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

This figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 

12 monthly rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual 

estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted 

data and are released with the January news release each 

year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job openings 

because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, 

measurement for the last business day of each month.
Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 

16,000 nonfarm business and government establishments. 

The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry 

sector, and establishment size class. The establishments 

are drawn from a universe of over 9.1 million 

establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of 

Employment and Wages (QCEW) program which

includes all employers subject to state unemployment 

insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the 

Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees

program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or 

ratio adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment 

estimates of the CES survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS 

employment is used to adjust the levels for all other 

JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only 

be as current as its sampling frame. The time lag from the 

birth of an establishment until its appearance on the 

sampling frame is approximately one year. In addition, 

many of these new units may fail within the first year. 

Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the 

sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot 

capture job openings, hires, and separations from these 

units during their early existence. To compensate for the 

inability to capture data from these establishments, BLS 

has developed a birth/death model that uses birth and 

death activity from previous years. The estimates of job 

openings, hires, and separations produced by the 

birth/death model are added to the sample-based estimates 

produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for 

openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several 

JOLTS series utilizing moving averages as seasonal 

filters. A concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is 

used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are 

calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and 

including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at 

the beginning and end of the series and to detect and 

adjust for outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be 

used to derive a measure of net employment change. This 

change should be comparable to the net employment 

change from the much larger CES survey. However, 

definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors between the two surveys historically 

caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit 

the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

Monthly Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the 

seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend 

(hires minus separations) forcing them to be 

approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality 

of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally 

adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied 

employment change and the CES net employment change 

is calculated. Next, the JOLTS implied employment 

change is adjusted to equal the CES net employment 

change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure 

adjusts the two components (hires, separations) 

proportionally to their contribution to the total churn 

(hires plus separations). The adjusted hires and 

separations are converted back to not seasonally adjusted 

data by reversing the application of the original seasonal 

factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been 

used to adjust the level estimates, rate estimates are 

computed from the adjusted levels. 

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and 

nonsampling error. When a sample is surveyed rather than 

the entire population, there is a chance that the sample 

estimates may differ from the "true" population values 

they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, 

varies depending on the particular sample selected, and 

this variability is measured by the standard error of the 

estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate 

based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 

standard errors from the "true" population value because 

of sampling error. Sampling error estimates are available

at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by non-sampling 

error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, 

including the failure to include a segment of the 

population, the inability to obtain data from all units in 

the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents 

to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by 

respondents, errors made in the collection or processing 

of the data, and errors from the employment benchmark 

data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Apr.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Apr.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Total............................................... 5,580 5,281 5,604 5,608 5,670 5,788 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 5,083 4,786 5,137 5,132 5,175 5,289 4.1 3.8 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.2

Mining and logging3

....................... 15 14 17 10 9 16 1.7 1.8 2.2 1.3 1.3 2.1

Construction3............................... 170 124 157 201 215 200 2.6 1.8 2.3 2.9 3.1 2.9

Manufacturing.............................. 337 317 336 320 337 415 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.7 3.3

Durable goods3

.......................... 215 174 183 169 167 213 2.7 2.2 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.7

Nondurable goods3

...................... 122 143 153 151 170 202 2.6 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.6 4.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 978 822 979 1,026 975 1,120 3.5 2.9 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.9

Wholesale trade3

........................ 181 137 199 216 189 254 3.0 2.3 3.3 3.5 3.1 4.1

Retail trade............................... 538 538 602 649 605 626 3.3 3.3 3.7 3.9 3.7 3.8

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities3

................................. 259 147 178 161 181 239 4.6 2.6 3.2 2.9 3.2 4.2

Information3................................. 116 101 97 87 75 102 4.1 3.5 3.4 3.1 2.6 3.5

Financial activities......................... 380 390 372 351 326 380 4.5 4.5 4.3 4.1 3.8 4.4

Finance and insurance................. 279 319 298 261 257 270 4.4 5.0 4.7 4.1 4.0 4.2

Real estate and rental and leasing3

... 100 71 74 91 69 110 4.6 3.3 3.4 4.1 3.2 4.9

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,116 1,034 1,088 1,101 1,145 871 5.4 4.9 5.2 5.2 5.4 4.2

Education and health services........... 1,056 1,075 1,129 1,047 1,042 1,124 4.6 4.6 4.8 4.4 4.4 4.7

Educational services3

................... 103 93 83 113 85 109 2.9 2.6 2.3 3.1 2.4 3.0

Health care and social assistance. . .. 954 982 1,046 934 957 1,015 4.9 4.9 5.2 4.7 4.8 5.1

Leisure and hospitality.................... 726 710 745 751 781 763 4.6 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.8 4.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 67 62 68 69 80 65 3.0 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.5 2.8

Accommodation and food services. .. 659 648 677 682 701 698 4.9 4.7 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0

Other services3

............................. 189 199 217 238 269 299 3.3 3.4 3.7 4.0 4.5 5.0

Government................................... 496 495 467 475 494 498 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2

Federal3

..................................... 78 80 80 88 90 86 2.8 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.2 3.0

State and local............................. 418 415 387 387 404 412 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1

State and local education.............. 138 171 152 147 145 143 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4

State and local, excluding

education3

............................. 280 245 235 240 259 269 3.0 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.9

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 883 887 900 895 898 904 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3

South........................................... 2,114 1,981 2,077 2,110 2,152 2,153 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 3.9

Midwest........................................ 1,243 1,100 1,311 1,283 1,308 1,346 3.8 3.3 3.9 3.8 3.9 4.0

West............................................ 1,339 1,313 1,316 1,319 1,311 1,384 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.1

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Apr.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Apr.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Total............................................... 5,071 5,401 5,125 5,510 5,290 5,092 3.6 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.7 3.5

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 4,730 5,042 4,789 5,154 4,912 4,743 4.0 4.2 3.9 4.2 4.0 3.9

Mining and logging......................... 25 33 26 23 26 23 3.0 4.3 3.4 3.2 3.6 3.2

Construction................................ 335 322 305 341 346 339 5.2 4.9 4.6 5.1 5.2 5.1

Manufacturing.............................. 254 274 274 276 251 273 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.2

Durable goods........................... 145 163 168 163 145 156 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.1 1.9 2.0

Nondurable goods....................... 109 112 106 113 106 117 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,040 1,087 1,062 1,182 1,094 1,018 3.9 4.0 3.9 4.3 4.0 3.7

Wholesale trade......................... 128 128 137 147 164 150 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.8 2.5

Retail trade............................... 720 760 765 856 769 713 4.6 4.8 4.8 5.4 4.8 4.5

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 191 199 161 178 161 156 3.6 3.7 3.0 3.3 3.0 2.9

Information.................................. 78 72 84 80 74 80 2.8 2.6 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.9

Financial activities......................... 211 217 229 234 218 202 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.4

Finance and insurance................. 145 142 164 164 135 131 2.4 2.3 2.7 2.7 2.2 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 66 75 65 70 83 71 3.2 3.6 3.1 3.3 3.9 3.4

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,066 1,175 1,080 1,110 1,071 1,038 5.5 5.9 5.4 5.5 5.3 5.2

Education and health services........... 594 641 579 651 615 612 2.7 2.9 2.6 2.9 2.7 2.7

Educational services.................... 73 84 60 101 82 94 2.1 2.4 1.7 2.9 2.3 2.7

Health care and social assistance. . .. 521 557 519 550 534 519 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.7

Leisure and hospitality.................... 929 1,024 967 1,062 1,001 957 6.2 6.7 6.3 6.9 6.5 6.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 142 151 157 152 150 120 6.6 6.9 7.1 6.9 6.7 5.4

Accommodation and food services. .. 788 873 810 909 852 837 6.1 6.6 6.1 6.9 6.4 6.3

Other services.............................. 197 198 183 195 215 201 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.4 3.8 3.5

Government................................... 341 359 335 357 379 348 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6

Federal...................................... 39 45 41 43 40 34 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.2

State and local............................. 302 314 295 313 339 314 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.6

State and local education.............. 143 165 162 152 174 161 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.6

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 158 149 133 161 165 154 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.7

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 771 827 795 850 829 815 2.9 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.1 3.1

South........................................... 1,976 2,109 1,851 2,083 2,069 1,995 3.8 4.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 3.8

Midwest........................................ 1,183 1,249 1,259 1,276 1,254 1,085 3.7 3.9 3.9 4.0 3.9 3.4

West............................................ 1,140 1,216 1,220 1,302 1,138 1,196 3.6 3.7 3.7 4.0 3.5 3.7

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Apr.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Apr.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Total............................................... 4,887 5,128 4,977 5,159 5,096 4,988 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.5

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 4,558 4,774 4,631 4,812 4,747 4,630 3.8 3.9 3.8 4.0 3.9 3.8

Mining and logging......................... 39 45 43 42 40 33 4.7 5.9 5.7 5.8 5.6 4.6

Construction................................ 299 283 279 325 334 337 4.7 4.3 4.2 4.9 5.0 5.1

Manufacturing.............................. 259 263 266 304 288 279 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.3 2.3

Durable goods........................... 151 162 158 187 171 159 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.4 2.2 2.1

Nondurable goods....................... 108 101 108 117 116 120 2.4 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,018 1,074 1,052 1,052 1,043 1,011 3.8 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.7

Wholesale trade......................... 127 133 142 137 145 148 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.5

Retail trade............................... 712 762 725 751 747 707 4.6 4.8 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 178 178 185 164 151 156 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.0 2.8 2.9

Information.................................. 68 61 79 70 67 82 2.5 2.2 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.9

Financial activities......................... 207 203 215 219 191 184 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.3 2.2

Finance and insurance................. 133 142 154 156 116 112 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.6 1.9 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 74 62 60 63 76 72 3.6 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.6 3.4

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,027 1,095 1,053 1,072 1,042 1,002 5.3 5.5 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.0

Education and health services........... 531 578 557 552 557 569 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5

Educational services.................... 68 74 77 86 73 76 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.1 2.2

Health care and social assistance. . .. 463 504 480 466 484 492 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6

Leisure and hospitality.................... 929 1,003 907 1,011 972 934 6.2 6.5 5.9 6.6 6.3 6.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 135 141 157 132 144 126 6.3 6.5 7.2 6.0 6.5 5.7

Accommodation and food services. .. 794 862 750 879 828 808 6.2 6.6 5.7 6.7 6.3 6.1

Other services.............................. 182 168 181 165 213 201 3.2 3.0 3.2 2.9 3.7 3.5

Government................................... 329 354 346 348 349 358 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

Federal...................................... 36 40 41 40 39 40 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.5

State and local............................. 293 314 304 308 310 318 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

State and local education.............. 144 161 168 167 171 175 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 149 153 137 141 139 143 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 750 855 775 808 797 780 2.9 3.2 2.9 3.0 3.0 2.9

South........................................... 1,958 2,011 1,906 2,000 1,891 1,954 3.8 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.7

Midwest........................................ 1,115 1,105 1,114 1,181 1,287 1,101 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.7 4.0 3.4

West............................................ 1,063 1,156 1,182 1,170 1,121 1,154 3.3 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.5

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Apr.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Apr.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Total............................................... 2,681 3,088 2,851 2,955 2,948 2,912 1.9 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.0

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 2,531 2,922 2,684 2,793 2,780 2,746 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3

Mining and logging......................... 13 16 19 11 15 10 1.5 2.1 2.6 1.6 2.1 1.4

Construction................................ 118 137 86 111 158 113 1.8 2.1 1.3 1.7 2.4 1.7

Manufacturing.............................. 139 133 147 154 142 137 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1

Durable goods........................... 79 80 83 89 79 76 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0

Nondurable goods....................... 60 54 64 65 63 61 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 601 719 637 618 656 614 2.2 2.7 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.2

Wholesale trade......................... 79 81 86 86 88 81 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4

Retail trade............................... 438 518 462 446 492 447 2.8 3.3 2.9 2.8 3.1 2.8

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 85 120 90 87 77 86 1.6 2.2 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.6

Information.................................. 41 35 38 38 36 39 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4

Financial activities......................... 113 122 111 130 98 102 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.6 1.2 1.2

Finance and insurance................. 74 87 81 93 53 63 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.5 0.9 1.0

Real estate and rental and leasing3... 39 36 30 37 45 39 1.9 1.7 1.4 1.8 2.2 1.9

Professional and business services. . . .. 510 614 550 577 545 579 2.6 3.1 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.9

Education and health services........... 354 385 343 379 386 382 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7

Educational services.................... 37 49 47 43 35 38 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.1

Health care and social assistance. . .. 317 336 296 335 351 344 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.8

Leisure and hospitality.................... 532 671 636 683 644 641 3.5 4.4 4.1 4.4 4.2 4.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 50 60 64 77 56 71 2.3 2.7 2.9 3.5 2.5 3.2

Accommodation and food services. .. 482 611 572 606 588 570 3.7 4.6 4.3 4.6 4.4 4.3

Other services3

............................. 110 89 117 91 101 128 2.0 1.6 2.1 1.6 1.8 2.3

Government................................... 151 166 167 162 168 167 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8

Federal...................................... 11 13 13 14 14 15 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

State and local............................. 139 153 154 149 154 152 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

State and local education.............. 69 75 80 78 74 76 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 70 78 73 71 79 77 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 379 445 401 415 399 340 1.4 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.3

South........................................... 1,137 1,286 1,179 1,167 1,165 1,211 2.2 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3

Midwest........................................ 583 656 629 725 684 660 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.3 2.1 2.1

West............................................ 583 701 641 647 700 701 1.8 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Apr.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Apr.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Total............................................... 1,798 1,672 1,704 1,808 1,768 1,646 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 1,686 1,549 1,582 1,687 1,650 1,518 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.2

Mining and logging3

....................... 25 26 21 27 21 19 2.9 3.4 2.8 3.7 2.9 2.7

Construction................................ 161 138 182 202 165 205 2.5 2.1 2.7 3.0 2.5 3.1

Manufacturing.............................. 96 104 97 121 116 115 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.9

Durable goods........................... 58 65 61 83 71 65 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.8

Nondurable goods....................... 38 39 35 38 44 49 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 314 266 312 320 287 292 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1

Wholesale trade3

........................ 30 39 48 42 44 55 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.9

Retail trade............................... 211 177 194 211 183 182 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 73 50 71 67 59 55 1.4 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0

Information.................................. 21 19 25 21 22 27 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.0

Financial activities......................... 68 62 57 64 65 51 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.6

Finance and insurance................. 41 38 37 41 42 27 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 27 24 20 23 23 24 1.3 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1

Professional and business services. . . .. 435 414 442 427 438 357 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.2 1.8

Education and health services........... 127 149 152 145 145 140 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6

Educational services.................... 28 22 27 40 36 35 0.8 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.0 1.0

Health care and social assistance. . .. 99 127 126 104 109 104 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.5

Leisure and hospitality.................... 378 298 237 295 295 248 2.5 1.9 1.5 1.9 1.9 1.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 83 80 91 53 84 52 3.9 3.6 4.1 2.4 3.8 2.3

Accommodation and food services. .. 295 219 146 243 211 195 2.3 1.7 1.1 1.8 1.6 1.5

Other services.............................. 62 72 56 66 97 66 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.7 1.2

Government................................... 112 123 122 121 118 128 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6

Federal...................................... 12 10 15 8 12 12 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4

State and local............................. 99 113 108 113 107 117 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

State and local education.............. 50 61 65 68 73 75 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 50 52 43 45 34 42 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 302 324 299 346 326 369 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.4

South........................................... 662 601 576 669 569 563 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.1

Midwest........................................ 434 374 407 384 519 346 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.6 1.1

West............................................ 399 372 422 408 354 367 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Apr.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Apr.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Total............................................... 407 368 422 397 380 430 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 341 303 365 332 317 367 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Mining and logging......................... 2 3 2 4 4 4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5

Construction3

............................... 20 8 11 13 11 19 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Manufacturing.............................. 24 26 22 29 30 27 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods........................... 14 17 13 15 21 17 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Nondurable goods3...................... 10 8 9 14 9 9 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 102 89 102 113 101 105 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

Wholesale trade......................... 18 14 8 9 13 12 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

Retail trade............................... 64 68 69 94 73 78 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities3

................................. 20 8 24 10 15 16 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3

Information3................................. 6 7 16 11 9 16 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.6

Financial activities......................... 26 19 47 25 29 31 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.4

Finance and insurance................. 18 17 36 22 21 22 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing3... 8 2 11 3 8 9 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.4

Professional and business services. . . .. 82 66 61 68 59 66 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Education and health services........... 50 44 61 29 26 47 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2

Educational services3................... 3 4 3 2 2 3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance3

. .. 47 40 58 27 24 44 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2

Leisure and hospitality.................... 19 34 34 32 32 45 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation3

... 2 2 3 2 4 3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1

Accommodation and food services3... 17 32 32 30 29 42 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Other services3............................. 10 7 8 8 15 7 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1

Government................................... 66 65 56 65 62 63 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal...................................... 12 17 14 18 13 14 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.5

State and local............................. 54 48 43 47 49 49 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

State and local education.............. 25 25 22 22 24 25 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 29 23 20 24 25 24 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 69 86 75 46 72 70 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3

South........................................... 160 125 151 163 157 179 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Midwest........................................ 98 75 77 72 84 95 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

West............................................ 81 82 119 116 67 86 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Total..................................................................... 5,862 5,641 6,077 4.0 3.8 4.1

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 5,373 5,166 5,589 4.3 4.1 4.4

Mining and logging............................................... 15 9 16 1.7 1.3 2.2

Construction....................................................... 170 215 200 2.6 3.3 3.0

Manufacturing..................................................... 337 337 415 2.7 2.7 3.3

Durable goods.................................................. 215 167 213 2.7 2.1 2.7

Nondurable goods............................................. 122 170 202 2.6 3.6 4.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 993 976 1,135 3.6 3.5 4.0

Wholesale trade................................................ 181 189 254 3.0 3.1 4.1

Retail trade..................................................... 552 606 642 3.5 3.7 3.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 259 181 239 4.6 3.3 4.3

Information........................................................ 116 75 102 4.1 2.6 3.5

Financial activities................................................ 417 315 412 4.9 3.7 4.8

Finance and insurance........................................ 316 247 302 5.0 3.9 4.7

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 100 69 110 4.6 3.2 5.0

Professional and business services............................ 1,183 1,131 932 5.7 5.4 4.4

Education and health services.................................. 1,117 1,009 1,201 4.8 4.3 5.0

Educational services.......................................... 103 85 109 2.8 2.3 2.9

Health care and social assistance........................... 1,014 924 1,092 5.2 4.6 5.4

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 836 828 877 5.3 5.2 5.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 92 98 89 4.2 4.5 4.0

Accommodation and food services.......................... 744 730 788 5.5 5.3 5.6

Other services.................................................... 189 269 299 3.3 4.5 5.0

Government.......................................................... 489 475 487 2.1 2.1 2.1

Federal............................................................. 78 90 86 2.8 3.2 3.0

State and local.................................................... 411 385 401 2.0 1.9 2.0

State and local education..................................... 131 126 132 1.2 1.2 1.2

State and local, excluding education........................ 280 259 269 3.0 2.8 2.9

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 943 874 943 3.5 3.2 3.4

South................................................................. 2,227 2,151 2,277 4.2 4.0 4.2

Midwest............................................................... 1,278 1,318 1,383 3.9 4.0 4.1

West.................................................................. 1,413 1,299 1,474 4.2 3.8 4.3

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Total..................................................................... 5,531 4,994 5,483 3.9 3.5 3.8

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 5,257 4,708 5,212 4.4 3.9 4.3

Mining and logging............................................... 30 26 27 3.6 3.7 3.9

Construction....................................................... 442 350 456 7.0 5.5 6.9

Manufacturing..................................................... 267 244 287 2.2 2.0 2.3

Durable goods.................................................. 156 145 169 2.0 1.9 2.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 111 99 119 2.5 2.2 2.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,067 1,052 1,027 4.0 3.9 3.8

Wholesale trade................................................ 147 169 176 2.5 2.9 3.0

Retail trade..................................................... 736 750 709 4.8 4.8 4.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 184 133 141 3.5 2.5 2.6

Information........................................................ 81 62 84 2.9 2.2 3.0

Financial activities................................................ 233 199 220 2.9 2.4 2.7

Finance and insurance........................................ 152 120 133 2.5 2.0 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 81 79 87 3.9 3.8 4.2

Professional and business services............................ 1,226 1,031 1,186 6.3 5.2 5.9

Education and health services.................................. 592 535 597 2.7 2.4 2.6

Educational services.......................................... 48 52 64 1.3 1.4 1.7

Health care and social assistance........................... 544 483 533 2.9 2.5 2.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 1,116 1,004 1,119 7.5 6.7 7.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 202 151 165 9.7 7.3 7.6

Accommodation and food services.......................... 914 853 954 7.1 6.6 7.2

Other services.................................................... 205 204 209 3.7 3.6 3.7

Government.......................................................... 274 286 270 1.2 1.3 1.2

Federal............................................................. 39 39 31 1.4 1.4 1.1

State and local.................................................... 235 247 239 1.2 1.3 1.2

State and local education..................................... 76 99 85 0.7 0.9 0.8

State and local, excluding education........................ 159 148 154 1.8 1.6 1.7

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 846 763 887 3.2 2.9 3.3

South................................................................. 2,114 1,973 2,107 4.1 3.8 4.0

Midwest............................................................... 1,388 1,207 1,244 4.4 3.8 3.9

West.................................................................. 1,183 1,050 1,245 3.7 3.2 3.8

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Total..................................................................... 4,813 4,446 4,846 3.4 3.1 3.4

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,583 4,206 4,599 3.9 3.5 3.8

Mining and logging............................................... 41 39 33 4.9 5.6 4.8

Construction....................................................... 274 280 305 4.4 4.4 4.7

Manufacturing..................................................... 257 267 275 2.1 2.2 2.2

Durable goods.................................................. 155 161 160 2.0 2.1 2.1

Nondurable goods............................................. 102 105 115 2.3 2.3 2.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,000 915 987 3.8 3.4 3.6

Wholesale trade................................................ 133 144 158 2.3 2.4 2.7

Retail trade..................................................... 704 635 688 4.6 4.0 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 163 137 141 3.1 2.5 2.6

Information........................................................ 69 62 83 2.5 2.2 3.0

Financial activities................................................ 227 182 197 2.8 2.2 2.4

Finance and insurance........................................ 153 112 124 2.6 1.8 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 74 70 73 3.6 3.3 3.5

Professional and business services............................ 1,106 970 1,073 5.7 4.9 5.3

Education and health services.................................. 518 498 550 2.3 2.2 2.4

Educational services.......................................... 49 46 54 1.4 1.3 1.5

Health care and social assistance........................... 469 452 495 2.5 2.4 2.6

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 915 811 902 6.1 5.4 5.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 154 113 130 7.4 5.5 6.0

Accommodation and food services.......................... 761 699 773 5.9 5.4 5.9

Other services.................................................... 176 183 194 3.1 3.2 3.4

Government.......................................................... 230 241 247 1.0 1.1 1.1

Federal............................................................. 32 34 35 1.2 1.2 1.3

State and local.................................................... 198 207 212 1.0 1.0 1.1

State and local education..................................... 77 92 94 0.7 0.9 0.9

State and local, excluding education........................ 121 115 118 1.4 1.3 1.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 722 650 741 2.8 2.5 2.8

South................................................................. 1,979 1,695 1,955 3.9 3.3 3.7

Midwest............................................................... 1,059 1,110 1,030 3.4 3.5 3.2

West.................................................................. 1,052 991 1,119 3.3 3.1 3.4

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Total..................................................................... 2,734 2,651 2,938 1.9 1.9 2.0

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 2,615 2,520 2,805 2.2 2.1 2.3

Mining and logging............................................... 14 13 10 1.6 1.9 1.4

Construction....................................................... 124 135 116 2.0 2.1 1.8

Manufacturing..................................................... 147 135 144 1.2 1.1 1.2

Durable goods.................................................. 87 77 82 1.1 1.0 1.1

Nondurable goods............................................. 61 58 62 1.3 1.3 1.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 627 594 630 2.4 2.2 2.3

Wholesale trade................................................ 87 88 89 1.5 1.5 1.5

Retail trade..................................................... 452 434 454 2.9 2.8 2.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 88 72 87 1.7 1.3 1.6

Information........................................................ 42 32 39 1.5 1.1 1.4

Financial activities................................................ 121 96 107 1.5 1.2 1.3

Finance and insurance........................................ 82 51 67 1.4 0.8 1.1

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 39 45 39 1.9 2.2 1.9

Professional and business services............................ 529 499 611 2.7 2.5 3.0

Education and health services.................................. 355 355 385 1.6 1.6 1.7

Educational services.......................................... 30 25 30 0.8 0.7 0.8

Health care and social assistance........................... 325 331 355 1.8 1.7 1.9

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 545 560 636 3.7 3.7 4.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 42 43 63 2.0 2.1 2.9

Accommodation and food services.......................... 503 517 573 3.9 4.0 4.3

Other services.................................................... 110 101 128 2.0 1.8 2.3

Government.......................................................... 119 131 133 0.5 0.6 0.6

Federal............................................................. 10 13 13 0.4 0.5 0.5

State and local.................................................... 109 118 119 0.6 0.6 0.6

State and local education..................................... 43 47 47 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local, excluding education........................ 66 71 73 0.7 0.8 0.8

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 386 345 339 1.5 1.3 1.3

South................................................................. 1,184 1,064 1,261 2.3 2.0 2.4

Midwest............................................................... 575 602 635 1.8 1.9 2.0

West.................................................................. 589 640 703 1.8 2.0 2.1

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Total..................................................................... 1,697 1,461 1,500 1.2 1.0 1.0

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 1,634 1,396 1,430 1.4 1.2 1.2

Mining and logging............................................... 25 21 19 3.0 2.9 2.8

Construction....................................................... 131 133 171 2.1 2.1 2.6

Manufacturing..................................................... 85 101 104 0.7 0.8 0.8

Durable goods.................................................. 53 63 59 0.7 0.8 0.8

Nondurable goods............................................. 31 38 44 0.7 0.8 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 277 241 257 1.0 0.9 1.0

Wholesale trade................................................ 30 44 55 0.5 0.8 0.9

Retail trade..................................................... 193 147 164 1.3 0.9 1.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 54 50 38 1.0 0.9 0.7

Information........................................................ 21 21 27 0.8 0.7 1.0

Financial activities................................................ 77 64 56 1.0 0.8 0.7

Finance and insurance........................................ 50 47 31 0.8 0.8 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 27 16 25 1.3 0.8 1.2

Professional and business services............................ 500 413 399 2.6 2.1 2.0

Education and health services.................................. 113 117 117 0.5 0.5 0.5

Educational services.......................................... 16 19 21 0.5 0.5 0.6

Health care and social assistance........................... 97 97 96 0.5 0.5 0.5

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 350 219 222 2.3 1.5 1.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 110 66 64 5.2 3.2 3.0

Accommodation and food services.......................... 241 153 158 1.9 1.2 1.2

Other services.................................................... 56 67 59 1.0 1.2 1.0

Government.......................................................... 63 65 70 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal............................................................. 11 11 10 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local.................................................... 52 54 59 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local education..................................... 22 33 34 0.2 0.3 0.3

State and local, excluding education........................ 30 21 25 0.3 0.2 0.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 272 239 336 1.0 0.9 1.3

South................................................................. 650 505 529 1.3 1.0 1.0

Midwest............................................................... 393 433 304 1.2 1.4 0.9

West.................................................................. 382 283 331 1.2 0.9 1.0

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Apr.

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016p

Total..................................................................... 381 335 408 0.3 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 334 290 364 0.3 0.2 0.3

Mining and logging............................................... 2 5 4 0.2 0.7 0.6

Construction....................................................... 20 11 19 0.3 0.2 0.3

Manufacturing..................................................... 25 31 28 0.2 0.3 0.2

Durable goods.................................................. 15 21 19 0.2 0.3 0.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 10 9 9 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 95 81 100 0.4 0.3 0.4

Wholesale trade................................................ 16 12 14 0.3 0.2 0.2

Retail trade..................................................... 59 54 70 0.4 0.3 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 20 15 16 0.4 0.3 0.3

Information........................................................ 6 9 16 0.2 0.3 0.6

Financial activities................................................ 30 22 34 0.4 0.3 0.4

Finance and insurance........................................ 22 14 25 0.4 0.2 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 8 8 9 0.4 0.4 0.4

Professional and business services............................ 77 58 64 0.4 0.3 0.3

Education and health services.................................. 50 26 47 0.2 0.1 0.2

Educational services.......................................... 3 2 3 0.1 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance........................... 47 24 44 0.3 0.1 0.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 19 32 45 0.1 0.2 0.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 2 4 3 0.1 0.2 0.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 17 29 42 0.1 0.2 0.3

Other services.................................................... 10 15 7 0.2 0.3 0.1

Government.......................................................... 48 44 45 0.2 0.2 0.2

Federal............................................................. 10 10 12 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local.................................................... 37 35 33 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local education..................................... 12 12 13 0.1 0.1 0.1

State and local, excluding education........................ 25 23 20 0.3 0.3 0.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 65 66 66 0.2 0.2 0.2

South................................................................. 145 126 166 0.3 0.2 0.3

Midwest............................................................... 90 74 91 0.3 0.2 0.3

West.................................................................. 81 69 86 0.3 0.2 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.