Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-10-1393 

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, October 8, 2010 

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION – SEPTEMBER 2010 

Nonfarm payroll employment edged down (-95,000) in September, and the unemployment rate was 

unchanged at 9.6 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Government employment 

declined (-159,000), reflecting both a drop in the number of temporary jobs for Census 2010 and job 

losses in local government. Private-sector payroll employment continued to trend up modestly 

(+64,000). 

-800

-600

-400

-200

0

200

400

600

Sep-08 Dec-08 M ar-09 Jun-09 Sep-09 Dec-09 M ar-10 Jun-10 Sep-10

Thousands

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month 

change, seasonally adjusted, September 2008 –

September 2010

Percent

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

Sep-08 Dec-08 M ar-09 Jun-09 Sep-09 Dec-09 M ar-10 Jun-10 Sep-10

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

September 2008 – September 2010

Household Survey Data 

The number of unemployed persons, at 14.8 million, was essentially unchanged in September, and the 

unemployment rate held at 9.6 percent. (See table A-1.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for adult men (9.8 percent), adult women 

(8.0 percent), teenagers (26.0 percent), whites (8.7 percent), blacks (16.1 percent), and Hispanics (12.4 

percent) showed little or no change in September. The jobless rate for Asians was 6.4 percent, not seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 
- 2 - 

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks and over), at 6.1 million, was little 

changed over the month but was down by 640,000 since a series high of 6.8 million in May. In September, 41.7 percent of unemployed persons had been jobless for 27 weeks or more. (See table A-12.) 

In September, both the civilian labor force participation rate, at 64.7 percent, and the employmentpopulation ratio, at 58.5 percent, were unchanged. (See table A-1.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as involuntary part-time workers) rose by 612,000 over the month to 9.5 million. Over the past 2 months, the 

number of such workers has increased by 943,000. These individuals were working part time because 

their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.) 

About 2.5 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force in September, up from 2.2 

million a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor 

force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. 

They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding 

the survey. (See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 1.2 million discouraged workers in September, an increase 

of 503,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons 

not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.3 

million persons marginally attached to the labor force had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

Total nonfarm payroll employment edged down by 95,000 in September. Government employment 

fell by 159,000, reflecting both the departure of 77,000 temporary Census 2010 workers from federal 

government payrolls and a decline of 76,000 in local government employment. Private-sector payroll 

employment continued to trend up (+64,000) over the month. (See table B-1.) 

Health care employment rose by 24,000 in September. The increase was concentrated in ambulatory 

health care services (+17,000). Health care employment has risen by an average of 21,000 per month 

this year. 

Within professional and business services, employment services added 28,000 jobs in September. 

Temporary help services accounted for most of the gain. 

Within leisure and hospitality, employment in food services and drinking places increased by 34,000 

over the month and has risen by 104,000 thus far in 2010. 

Mining employment continued to trend up (+6,000) over the month. Mining has added 77,000 jobs 

since a recent low in October 2009. 

Employment in manufacturing changed little in September and, on net, has been essentially flat since 

May. The industry added 134,000 jobs during the first 5 months of the year. 

Employment in wholesale trade, retail trade, transportation and warehousing, information, and

financial activities showed little change in September. 
- 3 - 

Employment in construction edged down (-21,000) over the month, partly offsetting an employment 

gain in August. Both the August and September changes were concentrated among nonresidential 

specialty trade contractors. Construction employment has shown little net change since February. 

Government employment fell by 159,000 in September. A decline in federal government employment 

was due to the loss of 77,000 temporary Census 2010 jobs. As of September, about 6,000 temporary 

decennial census workers remained on the federal government payroll, down from a peak of 564,000 in 

May. Employment in local government decreased by 76,000 in September with job losses in both education and noneducation. 

In September, the average workweek for all employees was unchanged at 34.2 hours. The manufacturing workweek for all employees decreased by 0.1 hour to 40.1 hours, and factory overtime was 

unchanged at 3.0 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on 

private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.5 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

Average hourly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 1 cent to $22.67 in 

September. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by 1.7 percent. In September, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 

1 cent to $19.10. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for July was revised from -54,000 to -66,000, and the 

change for August was revised from -54,000 to -57,000. 

The Employment Situation for October is scheduled to be released on Friday, November 5, 2010, 

at 8:30 a.m. (EDT). 
- 4 - 

Preliminary Estimates of Benchmark Revisions to the Establishment Survey

In accordance with usual practice, the Bureau of Labor Statistics is announcing its preliminary estimates 

of the upcoming annual benchmark revision to the establishment survey employment series. The final 

benchmark revision will be issued on February 4, 2011, with the publication of the January 2011 Employment Situation news release. 

Each year, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey employment estimates are benchmarked to 

comprehensive counts of employment for the month of March derived from state unemployment insurance tax records that nearly all employers are required to file. For national CES employment series, the 

average of the absolute values of the annual benchmark revisions over the last 10 years is 0.3 percent at 

the total nonfarm level. The preliminary estimate of the benchmark revision indicates a downward 

adjustment to March 2010 total nonfarm employment of 366,000 (-0.3 percent). 

Table B shows the March 2010 preliminary benchmark revisions by major industry sector. As is typically the case, many of the individual industry series show larger percentage revisions than the total 

nonfarm series, primarily because statistical sampling error is greater at more detailed levels than at a 

total level. 

Table B. National Current Employment Statistics March 2010 preliminary benchmark

revisions by major industry sector 

Industry Benchmark revision Percent benchmark 

revision

Total nonfarm .......................................... -366,000 -0.3

 Total private .......................................... -371,000 -.4

 Mining and logging ............................... -20,000 -3.0

 Construction ........................................ -62,000 -1.2

 Manufacturing ...................................... -114,000 -1.0

 Trade, transportation, 

 and utilities ......................................... -144,000 -.6

 Information .......................................... -11,000 -.4

 Financial activities ................................ 42,000 .6

 Professional and business 

 services ............................................. 14,000 .1

 Education and health 

 services ............................................. 6,000 (1)

 Leisure and hospitality .......................... -91,000 -.7

 Other services ..................................... 9,000 .2

 Government ........................................... 5,000 (1)

1

 Less than 0.05 percent
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

Change from:

Aug. 2010-

Sept. 2010

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population............................................ 236,322 237,890 238,099 238,322 223

Civilian labor force............................................................ 153,927 153,560 154,110 154,158 48

Participation rate........................................................... 65.1 64.6 64.7 64.7 0.0

Employed.................................................................... 138,768 138,960 139,250 139,391 141

Employment-population ratio........................................... 58.7 58.4 58.5 58.5 0.0

Unemployed................................................................. 15,159 14,599 14,860 14,767 -93

Unemployment rate..................................................... 9.8 9.5 9.6 9.6 0.0

Not in labor force............................................................. 82,396 84,330 83,989 84,164 175

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over....................................................... 9.8 9.5 9.6 9.6 0.0

Adult men (20 years and over).............................................. 10.3 9.7 9.8 9.8 0.0

Adult women (20 years and over).......................................... 7.9 7.9 8.0 8.0 0.0

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................. 26.1 26.1 26.3 26.0 -0.3

White........................................................................... 9.1 8.6 8.7 8.7 0.0

Black or African American................................................... 15.5 15.6 16.3 16.1 -0.2

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................. 7.4 8.2 7.2 6.4 –

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.................................................. 12.7 12.1 12.0 12.4 0.4

Total, 25 years and over....................................................... 8.6 8.1 8.3 8.3 0.0

Less than a high school diploma........................................... 15.0 13.8 14.0 15.4 1.4

High school graduates, no college......................................... 10.8 10.1 10.3 10.0 -0.3

Some college or associate degree......................................... 8.6 8.3 8.7 9.1 0.4

Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................... 4.8 4.5 4.6 4.4 -0.2

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs................... 10,236 9,125 9,305 9,401 96

Job leavers....................................................................... 869 900 874 807 -67

Reentrants........................................................................ 3,255 3,393 3,411 3,436 25

New entrants..................................................................... 1,134 1,188 1,259 1,187 -72

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks.............................................................. 2,938 2,839 2,760 2,891 131

5 to 14 weeks.................................................................... 3,838 3,060 3,635 3,350 -285

15 to 26 weeks.................................................................. 2,958 2,151 2,235 2,336 101

27 weeks and over.............................................................. 5,447 6,572 6,249 6,123 -126

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons............................................... 9,158 8,529 8,860 9,472 612

Slack work or business conditions.......................................... 6,815 6,119 6,380 6,733 353

Could only find part-time work.............................................. 2,081 2,246 2,347 2,456 109

Part time for noneconomic reasons........................................... 18,590 18,157 18,558 18,234 -324

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force........................................ 2,219 2,622 2,370 2,548 –

Discouraged workers......................................................... 706 1,185 1,110 1,209 –

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -225 -66 -57 -95

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -186 117 93 64

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -121 37 10 -22

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -2 7 7 5

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -71 -2 31 -21

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -48 32 -28 -6

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -39 35 -25 0

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.8 23.1 -22.2 0.6

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -9 -3 -3 -6

Private service-providing1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -65 80 83 86

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -8.3 7.2 -0.5 2.2

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -48.3 11.1 -2.0 5.7

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -10.4 14.5 0.6 9.6

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 6 -1 -5

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -12 -10 -3 -1

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -22 -5 28 14

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -9.2 -6.7 17.7 16.9

Education and health services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 26 36 17

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.7 27.8 36.2 32.0

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 11 20 38

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -9 22 5 7

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -39 -183 -150 -159

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.9 49.7 49.6 49.6

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.4 48.2 48.1 48.1

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.3 82.4 82.4 82.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.8 34.2 34.2 34.2

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 22.30 $ 22.59 $ 22.66 $ 22.67

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 753.74 $ 772.58 $ 774.97 $ 775.31

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.9 92.4 92.5 92.5

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.2 0.4 0.1 0.0

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.7 99.5 99.9 100.0

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.1 0.5 0.4 0.1

HOURS AND EARNINGS

PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.1 33.4 33.5 33.5

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 18.71 $ 19.04 $ 19.09 $ 19.10

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 619.30 $ 635.94 $ 639.52 $ 639.85

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.8 99.2 99.5 99.6

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.2 126.1 126.9 127.1

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.1 0.2 0.6 0.2

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.9 57.2 54.1 49.8

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.1 52.4 48.2 46.3

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing

industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance

between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment 

and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller 

margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its 

much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically 

significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the 

household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the 

establishment survey because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural 

workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household 

survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.

Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it 

is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not 

collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify 

the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born. 

Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records.

The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm. 

Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with 

fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the 

total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled 

to achieve that goal. 

Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment 

change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that 

forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the 

net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The 

establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not 
immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth 

of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new 

businesses to the survey twice a year. 

Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance 

benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who 

are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. 

(People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement 

or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including 

those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In 

addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (discouraged workers and other groups not 

officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in The Employment Situation news release. 
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) 

and the Current Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment 

that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD 

DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households 

conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau 

of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. The sample includes about 

140,000 businesses and government agencies representing 

approximately 410,000 worksites and is drawn from a sampling frame of roughly 8.9 million unemployment insurance 

tax accounts. The active sample includes approximately 

one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that 

contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment 

survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 

12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the 

calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between 

surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment 

sometime during the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting 

recall need not be looking for work to be counted as 

unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the 

household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for 

or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or 

unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment 

rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor 

force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force 

as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. 

Additional information about the household survey can be 

found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are 

counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are 

produced for the private sector for all employees and for 

production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and 

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and 

logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal activity in accordance with the 2007 

version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/#technical. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between 

the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from 

the surveys. Among these are: 

 The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, the self-employed, unpaid family 

workers, and private household workers among the 

employed. These groups are excluded from the 

establishment survey. 

 The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not. 

 The household survey is limited to workers 16 

years of age and older. The establishment survey is 

not limited by age. 

 The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance. 
Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, 

and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal 

developments, such as declines in employment or increases 

in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to 

spot. For example, in the household survey, the large 

number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely 

to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative 

to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of 

economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the 

establishment survey, payroll employment in education 

declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term 

and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the 

underlying employment trends in the industry. Because 

seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of 

the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be 

adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more 

discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a 

more useful tool with which to analyze changes in monthto-month economic activity. 

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, 

such as total payroll employment, employment in most 

major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are 

computed by aggregating independently adjusted 

component series. For example, total unemployment is 

derived by summing the adjusted series for four major agesex components; this differs from the unemployment 

estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the 

total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more 

detailed age categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling 

error. When a sample rather than the entire population is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the "true" population values they represent. The 

exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the 

particular sample selected, and this variability is measured 

by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate 

based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard 

errors from the "true" population value because of sampling 

error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the 

establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 

100,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment 

increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-

percent confidence interval on the monthly change would 

range from -50,000 to +150,000 (50,000 +/- 100,000). 

These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by 

these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent 

chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within 

this interval. Since this range includes values of less than 

zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm 

employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, 

the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then 

all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval 

would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least 

a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, 

risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 

percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly 

change in unemployment as measured by the household 

survey is about +/- 280,000, and for the monthly change in 

the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.19 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, 

such as for quarterly and annual averages. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all 

respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide correct information on a timely 

basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in 

the collection or processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates 

for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete 

returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled 

preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive 

revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample 

reports have been received, that the estimate is considered 

final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 
account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment 

gains from business births. This is incorporated into the 

sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting 

sample units going out of business, but imputing to them 

the same employment trend as the other firms in the 

sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net 

birth/death employment. 

The second component is an ARIMA time series 

model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death 

employment not accounted for by the imputation. The 

historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA 

model was derived from the unemployment insurance 

universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual 

residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough 

proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also 

incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over 

the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total 

nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a 

range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Sept.

2009

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

May

2010

June

2010

July

2010

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236,322 238,099 238,322 236,322 237,499 237,690 237,890 238,099 238,322

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153,617 154,678 153,854 153,927 154,393 153,741 153,560 154,110 154,158

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.0 65.0 64.6 65.1 65.0 64.7 64.6 64.7 64.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,079 139,919 139,715 138,768 139,420 139,119 138,960 139,250 139,391

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.9 58.8 58.6 58.7 58.7 58.5 58.4 58.5 58.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,538 14,759 14,140 15,159 14,973 14,623 14,599 14,860 14,767

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5 9.5 9.2 9.8 9.7 9.5 9.5 9.6 9.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,706 83,421 84,468 82,396 83,107 83,949 84,330 83,989 84,164

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,650 6,083 5,949 5,960 5,734 5,895 5,886 5,972 6,202

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,411 115,317 115,433 114,411 115,001 115,102 115,207 115,317 115,433

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,769 82,685 81,845 82,197 82,245 82,017 81,962 82,299 82,187

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.5 71.7 70.9 71.8 71.5 71.3 71.1 71.4 71.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,435 74,592 73,959 73,120 73,639 73,375 73,454 73,608 73,581

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.2 64.7 64.1 63.9 64.0 63.7 63.8 63.8 63.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,335 8,093 7,886 9,077 8,606 8,642 8,507 8,691 8,606

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.2 9.8 9.6 11.0 10.5 10.5 10.4 10.6 10.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,642 32,632 33,588 32,214 32,756 33,084 33,245 33,017 33,247

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105,780 106,761 106,887 105,780 106,407 106,522 106,641 106,761 106,887

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,661 79,426 79,081 78,977 79,237 79,110 78,971 79,332 79,307

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.4 74.4 74.0 74.7 74.5 74.3 74.1 74.3 74.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,225 72,215 71,978 70,861 71,477 71,316 71,332 71,521 71,545

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.3 67.6 67.3 67.0 67.2 66.9 66.9 67.0 66.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,437 7,211 7,103 8,116 7,760 7,793 7,638 7,811 7,762

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5 9.1 9.0 10.3 9.8 9.9 9.7 9.8 9.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,119 27,335 27,806 26,803 27,170 27,412 27,671 27,429 27,581

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121,911 122,783 122,889 121,911 122,499 122,589 122,683 122,783 122,889

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,848 71,993 72,009 71,729 72,148 71,724 71,598 71,811 71,971

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.9 58.6 58.6 58.8 58.9 58.5 58.4 58.5 58.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,644 65,327 65,755 65,648 65,781 65,743 65,506 65,642 65,811

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.8 53.2 53.5 53.8 53.7 53.6 53.4 53.5 53.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,203 6,666 6,254 6,081 6,367 5,981 6,092 6,169 6,161

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6 9.3 8.7 8.5 8.8 8.3 8.5 8.6 8.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,064 50,789 50,880 50,182 50,350 50,865 51,085 50,972 50,918

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,522 114,481 114,596 113,522 114,160 114,264 114,372 114,481 114,596

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,947 68,766 69,269 68,686 69,128 68,859 68,747 68,844 69,091

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.7 60.1 60.4 60.5 60.6 60.3 60.1 60.1 60.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,398 62,845 63,653 63,280 63,505 63,516 63,314 63,356 63,586

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.8 54.9 55.5 55.7 55.6 55.6 55.4 55.3 55.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,549 5,921 5,616 5,406 5,623 5,343 5,433 5,488 5,505

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.0 8.6 8.1 7.9 8.1 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,575 45,715 45,327 44,837 45,032 45,405 45,625 45,637 45,505

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,020 16,857 16,839 17,020 16,932 16,904 16,877 16,857 16,839

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,008 6,486 5,504 6,264 6,028 5,772 5,843 5,934 5,760

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.3 38.5 32.7 36.8 35.6 34.1 34.6 35.2 34.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,456 4,859 4,084 4,627 4,438 4,286 4,315 4,373 4,261

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.2 28.8 24.3 27.2 26.2 25.4 25.6 25.9 25.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,552 1,627 1,421 1,637 1,590 1,486 1,528 1,561 1,500

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.8 25.1 25.8 26.1 26.4 25.7 26.1 26.3 26.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,012 10,371 11,334 10,756 10,905 11,132 11,034 10,923 11,079

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Sept.

2009

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

May

2010

June

2010

July

2010

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191,244 192,245 192,391 191,244 191,856 191,979 192,109 192,245 192,391

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,311 125,710 125,273 125,581 125,429 124,959 125,060 125,362 125,404

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.5 65.4 65.1 65.7 65.4 65.1 65.1 65.2 65.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,496 114,941 114,900 114,215 114,359 114,163 114,300 114,470 114,500

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.9 59.8 59.7 59.7 59.6 59.5 59.5 59.5 59.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,815 10,769 10,373 11,366 11,070 10,797 10,760 10,893 10,904

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6 8.6 8.3 9.1 8.8 8.6 8.6 8.7 8.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,933 66,535 67,118 65,663 66,427 67,019 67,049 66,883 66,987

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,286 65,602 65,424 65,548 65,419 65,349 65,412 65,590 65,583

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.1 74.9 74.6 75.4 74.9 74.7 74.7 74.9 74.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,578 60,221 60,102 59,279 59,639 59,561 59,662 59,738 59,755

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.5 68.7 68.5 68.1 68.3 68.1 68.2 68.2 68.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,708 5,381 5,321 6,269 5,780 5,788 5,750 5,852 5,829

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 8.2 8.1 9.6 8.8 8.9 8.8 8.9 8.9

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,006 54,751 55,212 54,841 55,062 54,883 54,818 54,848 55,011

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.3 59.7 60.1 60.1 60.1 59.9 59.8 59.8 59.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,055 50,548 51,231 50,956 50,981 50,971 50,943 50,979 51,062

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.0 55.1 55.8 55.8 55.7 55.6 55.5 55.5 55.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,951 4,203 3,981 3,884 4,081 3,911 3,875 3,869 3,949

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 7.7 7.2 7.1 7.4 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,019 5,357 4,637 5,192 4,948 4,728 4,830 4,924 4,810

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.6 41.7 36.1 39.9 38.3 36.7 37.5 38.3 37.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,863 4,173 3,566 3,980 3,739 3,630 3,695 3,752 3,683

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.7 32.5 27.8 30.6 28.9 28.2 28.7 29.2 28.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,156 1,184 1,071 1,212 1,209 1,097 1,135 1,172 1,127

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.0 22.1 23.1 23.3 24.4 23.2 23.5 23.8 23.4

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,330 28,755 28,794 28,330 28,653 28,685 28,718 28,755 28,794

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,436 17,991 17,716 17,455 17,983 17,768 17,651 17,879 17,754

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.5 62.6 61.5 61.6 62.8 61.9 61.5 62.2 61.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,771 15,052 14,891 14,754 15,189 15,036 14,896 14,967 14,895

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.1 52.3 51.7 52.1 53.0 52.4 51.9 52.0 51.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,665 2,939 2,826 2,701 2,794 2,732 2,755 2,911 2,860

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.3 16.3 15.9 15.5 15.5 15.4 15.6 16.3 16.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,894 10,764 11,078 10,875 10,670 10,917 11,067 10,877 11,040

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,785 8,131 8,017 7,820 8,184 8,062 8,004 8,082 8,064

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.1 69.8 68.7 68.4 70.6 69.4 68.8 69.4 69.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,583 6,813 6,699 6,526 6,782 6,656 6,667 6,687 6,645

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.6 58.5 57.4 57.1 58.5 57.3 57.3 57.4 56.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,203 1,318 1,318 1,294 1,402 1,406 1,337 1,395 1,419

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.5 16.2 16.4 16.5 17.1 17.4 16.7 17.3 17.6

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,029 9,123 9,154 8,947 9,106 9,070 9,005 9,103 9,082

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.5 63.1 63.2 62.9 63.3 62.9 62.4 63.0 62.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,820 7,835 7,914 7,827 7,977 7,998 7,847 7,902 7,940

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.0 54.2 54.7 55.0 55.4 55.5 54.4 54.7 54.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,209 1,288 1,239 1,120 1,128 1,072 1,157 1,202 1,143

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.4 14.1 13.5 12.5 12.4 11.8 12.9 13.2 12.6

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 622 737 545 688 694 636 643 693 608

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.2 27.8 20.6 25.7 26.0 23.9 24.2 26.2 23.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369 404 277 401 430 382 382 379 310

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.8 15.3 10.5 15.0 16.2 14.4 14.4 14.3 11.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 332 268 287 263 254 261 314 298

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.7 45.1 49.1 41.7 38.0 39.9 40.6 45.4 49.0

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,826 11,265 11,283 – – – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Sept.

2009

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

May

2010

June

2010

July

2010

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,097 7,311 7,197 – – – – – –

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.6 64.9 63.8 – – – – – –

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,570 6,783 6,734 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.7 60.2 59.7 – – – – – –

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527 528 463 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 7.2 6.4 – – – – – –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,729 3,955 4,087 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Sept.

2009

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

May

2010

June

2010

July

2010

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population.................. 33,110 33,836 33,927 33,110 33,578 33,662 33,747 33,836 33,927

Civilian labor force................................. 22,413 22,832 22,918 22,444 22,789 22,674 22,738 22,729 22,910

Participation rate................................. 67.7 67.5 67.6 67.8 67.9 67.4 67.4 67.2 67.5

Employed......................................... 19,680 20,116 20,191 19,595 19,953 19,854 19,987 20,002 20,070

Employment-population ratio................ 59.4 59.5 59.5 59.2 59.4 59.0 59.2 59.1 59.2

Unemployed...................................... 2,733 2,716 2,728 2,849 2,836 2,820 2,751 2,726 2,840

Unemployment rate........................... 12.2 11.9 11.9 12.7 12.4 12.4 12.1 12.0 12.4

Not in labor force................................... 10,697 11,004 11,009 10,666 10,789 10,989 11,009 11,107 11,017

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 12,809 13,049 13,121 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 83.1 82.8 83.0 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 11,297 11,694 11,664 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 73.3 74.2 73.8 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 1,512 1,355 1,457 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 11.8 10.4 11.1 – – – – – –

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 8,571 8,718 8,865 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 58.9 58.8 59.6 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 7,655 7,708 7,883 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 52.6 52.0 53.0 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 916 1,010 982 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 10.7 11.6 11.1 – – – – – –

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................. 1,033 1,065 933 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 32.9 32.8 28.7 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 729 714 643 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 23.2 22.0 19.8 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 305 351 289 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 29.5 33.0 31.0 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release

of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2009

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

May

2010

June

2010

July

2010

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................... 12,262 11,750 11,834 12,263 12,133 12,095 12,048 11,819 11,821

Participation rate.................................... 47.1 46.1 46.7 47.1 45.8 45.4 47.3 46.4 46.7

Employed............................................ 10,580 10,189 10,143 10,426 10,319 10,391 10,390 10,165 10,001

Employment-population ratio................... 40.6 40.0 40.0 40.0 39.0 39.0 40.8 39.9 39.5

Unemployed......................................... 1,682 1,562 1,691 1,837 1,814 1,704 1,658 1,654 1,820

Unemployment rate.............................. 13.7 13.3 14.3 15.0 15.0 14.1 13.8 14.0 15.4

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................... 37,957 38,156 37,982 38,059 38,433 38,107 37,941 38,314 38,116

Participation rate.................................... 61.9 61.7 61.6 62.0 62.0 62.0 61.6 61.9 61.9

Employed............................................ 34,147 34,458 34,460 33,956 34,251 33,993 34,113 34,373 34,289

Employment-population ratio................... 55.7 55.7 55.9 55.3 55.2 55.3 55.4 55.6 55.6

Unemployed......................................... 3,810 3,698 3,521 4,104 4,182 4,114 3,829 3,940 3,827

Unemployment rate.............................. 10.0 9.7 9.3 10.8 10.9 10.8 10.1 10.3 10.0

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................... 36,693 37,074 36,988 36,732 36,832 36,586 36,713 37,068 37,037

Participation rate.................................... 70.6 70.5 70.3 70.7 71.0 70.7 70.0 70.5 70.4

Employed............................................ 33,704 33,751 33,750 33,583 33,780 33,579 33,652 33,850 33,684

Employment-population ratio................... 64.9 64.2 64.1 64.6 65.1 64.9 64.1 64.4 64.0

Unemployed......................................... 2,989 3,323 3,239 3,149 3,052 3,007 3,061 3,218 3,352

Unemployment rate.............................. 8.1 9.0 8.8 8.6 8.3 8.2 8.3 8.7 9.1

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................... 45,958 45,733 46,573 45,910 45,718 46,246 46,015 45,676 46,472

Participation rate.................................... 77.4 75.9 76.6 77.3 77.3 77.3 76.2 75.8 76.4

Employed............................................ 43,676 43,460 44,488 43,686 43,581 44,200 43,924 43,582 44,420

Employment-population ratio................... 73.6 72.1 73.2 73.6 73.6 73.8 72.7 72.3 73.1

Unemployed......................................... 2,283 2,273 2,084 2,224 2,136 2,046 2,091 2,094 2,052

Unemployment rate.............................. 5.0 5.0 4.5 4.8 4.7 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.4

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

Sept.

2009

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

Sept.

2010

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,104 21,933 20,343 20,142 1,761 1,791

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,970 11,683 10,812 10,590 1,157 1,093

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.2 53.3 53.2 52.6 65.7 61.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,979 10,746 9,926 9,743 1,054 1,003

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.7 49.0 48.8 48.4 59.8 56.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 990 937 887 847 104 90

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 8.0 8.2 8.0 9.0 8.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,134 10,250 9,531 9,552 604 698

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,976 2,228 1,626 1,828 350 399

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,657 1,857 1,388 1,575 269 282

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.9 83.3 85.4 86.1 76.9 70.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,481 1,666 1,253 1,411 228 256

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.0 74.8 77.1 77.1 65.1 64.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 190 135 164 41 26

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.6 10.2 9.7 10.4 15.4 9.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 371 238 254 81 117

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,010 2,966 2,544 2,525 466 441

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,630 2,515 2,267 2,199 363 316

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.4 84.8 89.1 87.1 78.0 71.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,384 2,347 2,049 2,057 335 289

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.2 79.1 80.5 81.5 71.9 65.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 169 218 142 29 27

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.4 6.7 9.6 6.4 7.9 8.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380 451 278 326 103 125

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,270 10,911 10,891 10,547 380 364

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,224 3,984 4,083 3,870 141 115

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.5 36.5 37.5 36.7 37.2 31.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,921 3,649 3,790 3,545 131 104

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.8 33.4 34.8 33.6 34.4 28.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304 336 293 325 11 10

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 8.4 7.2 8.4 7.5 9.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,046 6,927 6,808 6,677 238 250

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,848 5,828 5,282 5,241 565 587

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,459 3,326 3,075 2,946 383 380

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.1 57.1 58.2 56.2 67.8 64.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,194 3,084 2,834 2,730 360 354

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.6 52.9 53.6 52.1 63.7 60.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 242 241 216 23 26

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7 7.3 7.9 7.3 6.0 6.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,389 2,502 2,207 2,295 182 207

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205,260 207,224 89,513 90,661 115,747 116,563

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,505 140,190 69,871 70,272 69,635 69,918

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.0 67.7 78.1 77.5 60.2 60.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,518 127,552 62,734 63,543 63,784 64,009

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.6 61.6 70.1 70.1 55.1 54.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,987 12,638 7,136 6,728 5,851 5,909

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3 9.0 10.2 9.6 8.4 8.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,755 67,034 19,642 20,390 46,113 46,645

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S.

Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August

2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time

periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and

another period are classified only in the wartime period. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Sept.

2009

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

Sept.

2010

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population....................................................... 26,970 26,380 209,353 211,942

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 5,923 5,698 147,694 148,156

Participation rate...................................................................... 22.0 21.6 70.5 69.9

Employed.............................................................................. 4,962 4,854 134,117 134,860

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 18.4 18.4 64.1 63.6

Unemployed........................................................................... 961 844 13,577 13,296

Unemployment rate................................................................ 16.2 14.8 9.2 9.0

Not in labor force........................................................................ 21,046 20,682 61,659 63,786

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,658 2,591 75,443 75,484

Participation rate...................................................................... 36.8 35.7 83.2 82.7

Employed.............................................................................. 2,148 2,198 67,855 68,236

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 29.7 30.3 74.8 74.7

Unemployed........................................................................... 510 393 7,588 7,247

Unemployment rate................................................................ 19.2 15.2 10.1 9.6

Not in labor force........................................................................ 4,570 4,671 15,246 15,840

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,410 2,341 66,443 66,551

Participation rate...................................................................... 32.0 32.2 71.7 71.1

Employed.............................................................................. 2,021 1,949 60,839 60,882

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 26.8 26.8 65.6 65.0

Unemployed........................................................................... 389 393 5,604 5,669

Unemployment rate................................................................ 16.2 16.8 8.4 8.5

Not in labor force........................................................................ 5,129 4,923 26,280 27,044

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 855 766 5,808 6,121

Participation rate...................................................................... 7.0 6.5 22.4 22.7

Employed.............................................................................. 793 707 5,423 5,741

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 6.5 6.0 20.9 21.2

Unemployed........................................................................... 62 58 385 380

Unemployment rate................................................................ 7.2 7.6 6.6 6.2

Not in labor force........................................................................ 11,347 11,088 20,134 20,902

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing

even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition;

has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or

shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

Sept.

2009

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

Sept.

2010

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 35,527 36,097 17,904 18,054 17,623 18,043

Civilian labor force................................................... 24,189 24,488 14,351 14,437 9,838 10,051

Participation rate................................................... 68.1 67.8 80.2 80.0 55.8 55.7

Employed........................................................... 21,864 22,226 12,934 13,116 8,930 9,110

Employment-population ratio.................................. 61.5 61.6 72.2 72.6 50.7 50.5

Unemployed........................................................ 2,325 2,262 1,417 1,322 908 940

Unemployment rate............................................. 9.6 9.2 9.9 9.2 9.2 9.4

Not in labor force..................................................... 11,338 11,609 3,553 3,617 7,785 7,992

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 200,796 202,225 96,507 97,379 104,289 104,846

Civilian labor force................................................... 129,428 129,366 67,418 67,408 62,010 61,958

Participation rate................................................... 64.5 64.0 69.9 69.2 59.5 59.1

Employed........................................................... 117,215 117,488 60,501 60,843 56,715 56,645

Employment-population ratio.................................. 58.4 58.1 62.7 62.5 54.4 54.0

Unemployed........................................................ 12,213 11,878 6,918 6,564 5,295 5,313

Unemployment rate............................................. 9.4 9.2 10.3 9.7 8.5 8.6

Not in labor force..................................................... 71,368 72,859 29,088 29,971 42,279 42,887

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or

one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the

United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2009

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

May

2010

June

2010

July

2010

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................... 2,073 2,327 2,203 2,009 2,228 2,120 2,192 2,188 2,154

Wage and salary workers......................... 1,256 1,409 1,370 1,177 1,363 1,289 1,329 1,300 1,291

Self-employed workers............................ 805 886 802 796 821 808 825 855 799

Unpaid family workers............................. 12 31 31 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries............................ 137,006 137,592 137,512 136,752 137,207 136,857 136,599 136,974 137,243

Wage and salary workers......................... 127,769 128,656 128,565 127,650 128,197 127,900 127,881 128,314 128,429

Government...................................... 20,954 20,062 20,828 20,978 21,270 21,242 20,978 20,575 20,928

Private industries................................ 106,816 108,595 107,737 106,662 106,906 106,740 106,869 107,760 107,481

Private households............................ 790 678 597 – – – – – –

Other industries............................... 106,026 107,916 107,139 105,885 106,204 106,065 106,270 107,118 106,900

Self-employed workers............................ 9,154 8,884 8,878 9,009 8,952 8,889 8,779 8,678 8,743

Unpaid family workers............................. 83 52 69 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1

All industries

Part time for economic reasons2................... 8,255 8,628 8,628 9,158 8,809 8,627 8,529 8,860 9,472

Slack work or business conditions............... 6,101 6,031 6,072 6,815 6,143 6,165 6,119 6,380 6,733

Could only find part-time work.................... 1,918 2,183 2,306 2,081 2,326 2,101 2,246 2,347 2,456

Part time for noneconomic reasons3

.............. 18,898 16,888 18,579 18,590 17,929 17,870 18,157 18,558 18,234

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons2

................... 8,134 8,509 8,540 8,983 8,661 8,472 8,386 8,730 9,336

Slack work or business conditions............... 5,998 5,953 6,020 6,695 6,041 6,074 6,018 6,304 6,640

Could only find part-time work.................... 1,910 2,159 2,286 2,063 2,306 2,086 2,192 2,320 2,431

Part time for noneconomic reasons3

.............. 18,574 16,546 18,259 18,251 17,627 17,580 17,774 18,161 17,891

1 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the

entire week.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions,

inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

3 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training,

retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during

the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2009

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

May

2010

June

2010

July

2010

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,079 139,919 139,715 138,768 139,420 139,119 138,960 139,250 139,391

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,456 4,859 4,084 4,627 4,438 4,286 4,315 4,373 4,261

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,582 1,637 1,417 1,569 1,429 1,380 1,345 1,402 1,398

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,874 3,223 2,667 3,070 2,992 2,899 2,984 2,975 2,867

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134,623 135,060 135,631 134,141 134,982 134,833 134,646 134,877 135,131

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,516 13,202 12,790 12,625 12,818 12,698 12,670 12,838 12,841

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,106 121,858 122,841 121,551 122,203 122,263 122,109 122,074 122,267

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94,802 94,027 94,535 94,345 94,227 94,270 94,062 94,005 94,067

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,921 30,429 30,474 29,795 30,162 30,157 30,278 30,318 30,315

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,413 30,612 30,713 31,236 30,844 30,772 30,604 30,584 30,514

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,468 32,986 33,348 33,314 33,221 33,341 33,180 33,104 33,238

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,305 27,831 28,305 27,206 27,976 27,993 28,047 28,069 28,200

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,435 74,592 73,959 73,120 73,639 73,375 73,454 73,608 73,581

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,210 2,377 1,981 2,259 2,162 2,059 2,122 2,087 2,036

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 775 808 673 762 679 631 667 667 660

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,435 1,569 1,308 1,500 1,479 1,434 1,472 1,428 1,372

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,225 72,215 71,978 70,861 71,477 71,316 71,332 71,521 71,545

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,371 6,857 6,536 6,402 6,565 6,473 6,434 6,571 6,536

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,854 65,358 65,442 64,466 64,922 64,862 64,937 64,952 65,015

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,506 50,750 50,641 50,203 50,317 50,264 50,340 50,321 50,303

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,255 16,689 16,590 16,120 16,272 16,274 16,403 16,478 16,433

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,863 16,725 16,659 16,758 16,686 16,649 16,644 16,601 16,534

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,387 17,336 17,392 17,325 17,359 17,341 17,293 17,242 17,336

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,348 14,608 14,802 14,263 14,605 14,598 14,597 14,631 14,712

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,644 65,327 65,755 65,648 65,781 65,743 65,506 65,642 65,811

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,246 2,482 2,103 2,368 2,275 2,227 2,192 2,286 2,225

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 807 829 743 807 750 749 678 735 738

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,439 1,654 1,359 1,570 1,513 1,466 1,512 1,547 1,494

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,398 62,845 63,653 63,280 63,505 63,516 63,314 63,356 63,586

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,145 6,345 6,255 6,222 6,253 6,225 6,236 6,267 6,305

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,253 56,500 57,398 57,085 57,282 57,401 57,172 57,122 57,252

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,295 43,277 43,895 44,142 43,910 44,006 43,722 43,684 43,765

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,666 13,740 13,884 13,675 13,890 13,882 13,875 13,840 13,883

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,549 13,887 14,054 14,478 14,158 14,123 13,960 13,983 13,980

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,081 15,650 15,957 15,989 15,862 16,000 15,887 15,862 15,902

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,957 13,223 13,503 12,943 13,371 13,396 13,450 13,438 13,488

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,762 43,512 43,895 43,656 43,322 43,333 43,369 43,433 43,723

Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,924 33,721 34,499 34,891 34,238 34,332 34,304 34,213 34,449

Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,866 8,714 8,906 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111,991 113,508 112,385 111,361 112,716 112,646 112,076 111,822 111,716

Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,088 26,411 27,330 27,459 26,750 26,755 27,082 27,705 27,636

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,098 6,515 6,681 7,047 7,239 7,002 6,546 6,814 6,684

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 4.7 4.8 5.1 5.2 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.8

1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Sept.

2009

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

May

2010

June

2010

July

2010

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over............................. 15,159 14,860 14,767 9.8 9.7 9.5 9.5 9.6 9.6

16 to 19 years...................................... 1,637 1,561 1,500 26.1 26.4 25.7 26.1 26.3 26.0

16 to 17 years.................................... 616 643 607 28.2 29.8 29.2 30.4 31.4 30.3

18 to 19 years.................................... 991 933 863 24.4 24.6 24.0 23.6 23.9 23.1

20 years and over.................................. 13,522 13,299 13,267 9.2 9.0 8.9 8.8 9.0 8.9

20 to 24 years.................................... 2,231 2,249 2,225 15.0 14.7 15.3 15.6 14.9 14.8

25 years and over............................... 11,384 11,062 11,061 8.6 8.4 8.2 8.1 8.3 8.3

25 to 54 years................................. 9,453 8,782 8,928 9.1 8.7 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.7

25 to 34 years.............................. 3,516 3,287 3,372 10.6 10.5 10.3 9.9 9.8 10.0

35 to 44 years.............................. 3,028 2,564 2,788 8.8 8.1 7.8 8.0 7.7 8.4

45 to 54 years.............................. 2,908 2,931 2,768 8.0 7.7 7.5 7.5 8.1 7.7

55 years and over............................. 1,999 2,215 2,186 6.8 7.1 6.9 6.9 7.3 7.2

Men, 16 years and over.............................. 9,077 8,691 8,606 11.0 10.5 10.5 10.4 10.6 10.5

16 to 19 years...................................... 961 880 844 29.9 28.1 29.2 29.0 29.7 29.3

16 to 17 years.................................... 345 328 332 31.1 32.4 32.8 32.5 33.0 33.5

18 to 19 years.................................... 593 558 488 28.3 26.3 27.4 26.7 28.1 26.2

20 years and over.................................. 8,116 7,811 7,762 10.3 9.8 9.9 9.7 9.8 9.8

20 to 24 years.................................... 1,326 1,377 1,344 17.2 16.1 17.8 18.3 17.3 17.1

25 years and over............................... 6,890 6,476 6,473 9.7 9.1 9.0 8.8 9.1 9.1

25 to 54 years................................. 5,767 5,126 5,203 10.3 9.5 9.4 9.1 9.2 9.4

25 to 34 years.............................. 2,180 1,919 2,007 11.9 11.4 11.5 10.7 10.4 10.9

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,790 1,493 1,563 9.7 8.6 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.6

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,797 1,713 1,633 9.4 8.4 8.6 8.4 9.0 8.6

55 years and over............................. 1,124 1,350 1,270 7.3 7.6 7.5 7.7 8.4 7.9

Women, 16 years and over.......................... 6,081 6,169 6,161 8.5 8.8 8.3 8.5 8.6 8.6

16 to 19 years...................................... 675 681 656 22.2 24.6 22.3 23.1 22.9 22.8

16 to 17 years.................................... 271 315 275 25.1 27.4 25.8 28.2 30.0 27.1

18 to 19 years.................................... 398 374 376 20.2 22.9 20.3 20.5 19.5 20.1

20 years and over.................................. 5,406 5,488 5,505 7.9 8.1 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.0

20 to 24 years.................................... 906 872 881 12.7 13.2 12.6 12.7 12.2 12.3

25 years and over............................... 4,494 4,586 4,588 7.3 7.6 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.4

25 to 54 years................................. 3,686 3,656 3,726 7.7 7.9 7.5 7.7 7.7 7.8

25 to 34 years.............................. 1,336 1,368 1,365 8.9 9.5 8.9 9.0 9.0 9.0

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,238 1,071 1,226 7.9 7.4 7.4 7.6 7.1 8.1

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,111 1,217 1,135 6.5 6.8 6.4 6.5 7.1 6.7

55 years and over1

........................... 876 977 922 6.3 5.9 6.5 6.9 6.9 6.4

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present....................... 3,454 3,179 3,206 7.3 6.7 6.8 6.6 6.8 6.8

Married women, spouse present.................... 2,130 2,188 2,075 5.8 6.3 5.9 5.8 6.0 5.7

Women who maintain families1

.................... 1,166 1,346 1,321 11.6 11.6 12.1 13.4 13.4 12.9

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2.................................... 13,358 12,845 13,012 10.7 10.4 10.2 10.2 10.3 10.4

Part-time workers3................................... 1,865 2,005 1,789 6.4 6.7 6.4 6.4 6.7 6.1

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.

3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time

jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2009

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

May

2010

June

2010

July

2010

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 9,170 8,894 8,651 10,236 9,223 9,114 9,125 9,305 9,401

On temporary layoff................................ 1,283 1,359 910 1,918 1,478 1,424 1,268 1,480 1,349

Not on temporary layoff............................ 7,887 7,535 7,741 8,318 7,746 7,690 7,857 7,825 8,051

Permanent job losers............................ 6,474 6,214 6,271 6,858 6,410 6,404 6,518 6,480 6,589

Persons who completed temporary jobs...... 1,413 1,321 1,471 1,429 1,336 1,287 1,339 1,345 1,463

Job leavers............................................. 955 943 880 869 969 900 900 874 807

Reentrants............................................. 3,285 3,492 3,428 3,255 3,453 3,308 3,393 3,411 3,436

New entrants.......................................... 1,127 1,430 1,180 1,134 1,206 1,140 1,188 1,259 1,187

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 63.1 60.3 61.2 66.1 62.1 63.0 62.5 62.7 63.4

On temporary layoff................................ 8.8 9.2 6.4 12.4 9.9 9.8 8.7 10.0 9.1

Not on temporary layoff............................ 54.3 51.1 54.7 53.7 52.2 53.2 53.8 52.7 54.3

Job leavers............................................. 6.6 6.4 6.2 5.6 6.5 6.2 6.2 5.9 5.4

Reentrants............................................. 22.6 23.7 24.2 21.0 23.3 22.9 23.2 23.0 23.2

New entrants.......................................... 7.8 9.7 8.3 7.3 8.1 7.9 8.1 8.5 8.0

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 6.0 5.7 5.6 6.6 6.0 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.1

Job leavers............................................. 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5

Reentrants............................................. 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2

New entrants.......................................... 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2009

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

May

2010

June

2010

July

2010

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 2,847 2,632 2,830 2,938 2,752 2,769 2,839 2,760 2,891

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 3,558 3,939 3,127 3,838 3,019 3,121 3,060 3,635 3,350

15 weeks and over.................................... 8,133 8,189 8,183 8,405 8,924 8,959 8,722 8,484 8,458

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 2,671 1,916 2,075 2,958 2,161 2,208 2,151 2,235 2,336

27 weeks and over................................. 5,462 6,273 6,108 5,447 6,763 6,751 6,572 6,249 6,123

Average (mean) duration, in weeks................ 27.2 33.1 34.1 26.5 34.4 35.2 34.2 33.6 33.3

Median duration, in weeks........................... 18.1 19.6 20.5 17.8 23.2 25.5 22.2 19.9 20.4

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 19.6 17.8 20.0 19.4 18.7 18.6 19.4 18.5 19.7

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 24.5 26.7 22.1 25.3 20.5 21.0 20.9 24.4 22.8

15 weeks and over.................................... 55.9 55.5 57.9 55.4 60.7 60.3 59.7 57.0 57.5

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 18.4 13.0 14.7 19.5 14.7 14.9 14.7 15.0 15.9

27 weeks and over................................. 37.6 42.5 43.2 35.9 46.0 45.5 44.9 42.0 41.7

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Sept.

2009

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

Sept.

2010

Total, 16 years and over1

............................................. 139,079 139,715 14,538 14,140 9.5 9.2

Management, professional, and related occupations............ 52,186 51,757 2,859 2,381 5.2 4.4

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations...................................................... 21,772 21,038 1,188 956 5.2 4.3

Professional and related occupations........................... 30,414 30,719 1,671 1,425 5.2 4.4

Service occupations.................................................. 24,533 24,660 2,556 2,867 9.4 10.4

Sales and office occupations....................................... 33,274 33,331 3,367 3,386 9.2 9.2

Sales and related occupations................................... 15,519 15,319 1,521 1,584 8.9 9.4

Office and administrative support occupations................. 17,755 18,012 1,846 1,803 9.4 9.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations......................................................... 13,264 13,273 2,210 2,195 14.3 14.2

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations..................... 916 1,051 156 142 14.6 11.9

Construction and extraction occupations....................... 7,468 7,186 1,605 1,536 17.7 17.6

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............. 4,880 5,036 449 517 8.4 9.3

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations......................................................... 15,822 16,693 2,388 2,085 13.1 11.1

Production occupations........................................... 7,677 8,187 1,264 1,123 14.1 12.1

Transportation and material moving occupations.............. 8,145 8,506 1,125 962 12.1 10.2

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Sept.

2009

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

Sept.

2010

Total, 16 years and over1................................................................ 14,538 14,140 9.5 9.2

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers................................... 11,697 11,127 9.9 9.4

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction..................................... 76 66 10.7 8.2

Construction........................................................................... 1,594 1,464 17.1 17.2

Manufacturing......................................................................... 1,876 1,471 11.9 9.6

Durable goods...................................................................... 1,280 937 13.1 9.7

Nondurable goods................................................................. 596 534 10.0 9.3

Wholesale and retail trade.......................................................... 1,809 1,962 9.0 9.6

Transportation and utilities.......................................................... 538 418 9.5 7.1

Information............................................................................ 362 330 11.2 10.8

Financial activities.................................................................... 657 568 7.1 6.3

Professional and business services................................................ 1,596 1,426 11.3 9.9

Education and health services...................................................... 1,257 1,352 6.0 6.3

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 1,469 1,536 11.4 11.4

Other services........................................................................ 462 534 7.1 8.5

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers.......................... 150 164 11.1 11.1

Government workers.................................................................... 928 1,089 4.2 5.0

Self-employed and unpaid family workers........................................... 636 580 5.9 5.6

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2009

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

May

2010

June

2010

July

2010

Aug.

2010

Sept.

2010

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as

a percent of the civilian labor force.............. 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.5 5.8 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.5

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force........................................... 6.0 5.7 5.6 6.6 6.0 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.1

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate).................................................. 9.5 9.5 9.2 9.8 9.7 9.5 9.5 9.6 9.6

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

discouraged workers............................... 9.9 10.2 9.9 10.3 10.3 10.2 10.2 10.3 10.3

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers,

plus all other persons marginally attached to

the labor force, as a percent of the civilian

labor force plus all persons marginally attached

to the labor force................................... 10.8 10.9 10.7 11.1 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic reasons,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all

persons marginally attached to the labor

force.................................................. 16.1 16.4 16.2 17.0 16.6 16.5 16.5 16.7 17.1

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are

available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a

job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for

full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

Sept.

2009

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2009

Sept.

2010

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force............................................. 82,706 84,468 32,642 33,588 50,064 50,880

Persons who currently want a job.................................. 5,650 5,949 2,725 2,772 2,925 3,177

Marginally attached to the labor force1........................ 2,219 2,548 1,224 1,354 995 1,194

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 706 1,209 478 730 228 478

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . .. 1,513 1,340 746 624 768 716

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4............................................. 7,098 6,681 3,426 3,140 3,672 3,540

Percent of total employed........................................... 5.1 4.8 4.7 4.2 5.6 5.4

Primary job full time, secondary job part time.................... 3,667 3,515 1,872 1,852 1,795 1,663

Primary and secondary jobs both part time....................... 1,753 1,717 604 563 1,149 1,154

Primary and secondary jobs both full time........................ 246 265 162 164 84 101

Hours vary on primary or secondary job.......................... 1,382 1,144 769 541 612 603

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week,

but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling

or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation

problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

Change

from:

Aug. 2010-

Sept.

2010p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130,243 130,059 130,136 130,564 129,857 130,353 130,296 130,201 -95

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107,964 108,751 108,922 108,510 107,377 107,813 107,906 107,970 64

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,495 18,347 18,460 18,351 18,124 18,031 18,041 18,019 -22

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 688 746 752 756 676 733 740 745 5

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.7 49.2 50.3 49.4 50.1 48.3 48.2 47.4 -0.8

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 634.9 697.0 702.0 706.9 625.5 684.6 692.1 697.9 5.8

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160.8 166.3 167.5 166.8 160.4 165.0 166.3 167.4 1.1

Mining, except oil and gas1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213.4 222.3 223.8 223.0 206.8 214.5 216.2 217.0 0.8

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.6 82.9 83.9 84.6 80.6 83.2 83.6 84.4 0.8

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260.7 308.4 310.7 317.1 258.3 305.1 309.6 313.5 3.9

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,067 5,864 5,931 5,841 5,814 5,594 5,625 5,604 -21

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,353.7 1,305.7 1,311.6 1,297.2 1,313.0 1,260.3 1,258.1 1,258.6 0.5

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 634.0 596.9 600.7 594.7 609.2 575.1 573.1 572.0 -1.1

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 719.7 708.8 710.9 702.5 703.8 685.2 685.0 686.6 1.6

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . . 884.2 867.9 893.9 889.1 817.8 809.9 826.5 826.3 -0.2

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,829.1 3,690.0 3,725.4 3,655.1 3,682.9 3,524.1 3,539.9 3,519.0 -20.9

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . 1,646.3 1,606.5 1,602.9 1,587.0 1,576.3 1,529.0 1,522.2 1,520.8 -1.4

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . . 2,182.8 2,083.5 2,122.5 2,068.1 2,106.6 1,995.1 2,017.7 1,998.2 -19.5

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,740 11,737 11,777 11,754 11,634 11,704 11,676 11,670 -6

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,156 7,201 7,221 7,214 7,112 7,201 7,176 7,176 0

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358.1 356.8 356.0 350.7 349.2 349.2 346.0 344.3 -1.7

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399.7 393.2 393.6 393.6 389.5 383.3 382.7 384.4 1.7

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353.8 372.3 375.4 376.2 351.3 374.0 374.8 375.0 0.2

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,283.6 1,314.8 1,326.1 1,328.2 1,276.9 1,316.1 1,316.5 1,319.2 2.7

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 993.7 1,002.3 1,002.3 998.3 993.8 1,000.5 998.4 996.5 -1.9

Computer and electronic products1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,107.3 1,103.9 1,104.3 1,102.5 1,107.5 1,100.4 1,101.8 1,103.6 1.8

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . . 160.7 160.1 161.1 161.7 160.8 160.1 160.8 160.9 0.1

Communication equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119.9 121.5 122.9 123.0 120.4 121.4 122.9 123.5 0.6

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363.4 368.1 370.8 369.8 363.3 368.0 369.7 370.0 0.3

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415.1 407.9 404.6 403.8 414.9 405.0 403.4 404.7 1.3

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . . 370.0 374.6 374.6 375.3 369.0 372.4 372.8 374.4 1.6

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,338.0 1,343.2 1,350.6 1,354.6 1,328.0 1,371.2 1,349.6 1,346.5 -3.1

Motor vehicles and parts2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 663.7 674.6 683.0 690.7 653.9 704.6 682.4 683.0 0.6

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371.2 364.4 362.9 358.5 368.5 358.6 358.4 356.9 -1.5

Miscellaneous manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580.6 575.3 575.0 575.6 578.2 575.1 574.6 575.6 1.0

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,584 4,536 4,556 4,540 4,522 4,503 4,500 4,494 -6

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,501.1 1,482.5 1,498.1 1,491.4 1,463.6 1,461.9 1,461.1 1,459.5 -1.6

Beverages and tobacco products. . . . . . . . . . . . 193.0 184.7 185.7 188.1 187.2 180.6 181.5 182.9 1.4

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.6 123.3 123.1 122.6 120.9 123.9 122.4 121.9 -0.5

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125.6 122.9 121.3 122.1 124.9 123.2 122.0 122.2 0.2

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168.9 163.4 166.8 165.8 165.2 163.8 164.0 163.1 -0.9

Leather and allied products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.2 28.0 29.7 29.6 28.6 28.4 29.3 29.0 -0.3

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402.9 400.2 399.3 397.3 402.2 397.4 397.6 397.0 -0.6

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . . 513.3 494.3 493.6 493.5 510.6 495.6 493.1 491.6 -1.5

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.4 117.7 117.0 115.7 115.6 113.5 113.1 112.8 -0.3

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 790.5 782.3 780.1 776.7 791.3 778.7 778.9 778.7 -0.2

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 618.1 636.4 641.3 637.0 611.7 636.4 637.0 634.8 -2.2

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89,469 90,404 90,462 90,159 89,253 89,782 89,865 89,951 86

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,740 24,778 24,791 24,746 24,754 24,771 24,769 24,785 16

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,588.0 5,619.1 5,613.5 5,603.2 5,579.9 5,587.1 5,586.6 5,588.8 2.2

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,794.0 2,791.9 2,790.5 2,787.8 2,792.1 2,776.6 2,776.2 2,781.2 5.0

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,976.0 1,986.5 1,981.1 1,974.2 1,969.9 1,972.6 1,972.0 1,969.4 -2.6

Electronic markets and agents and brokers.. . 818.0 840.7 841.9 841.2 817.9 837.9 838.4 838.2 -0.2

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,369.7 14,442.6 14,463.0 14,354.0 14,428.7 14,442.4 14,440.4 14,446.1 5.7

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,640.0 1,645.3 1,654.9 1,654.3 1,621.2 1,628.2 1,634.8 1,638.4 3.6

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,018.0 1,020.8 1,027.3 1,028.7 1,007.3 1,015.2 1,018.2 1,019.9 1.7

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

Change

from:

Aug. 2010-

Sept.

2010p

Retail trade - Continued

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . . 436.8 434.2 432.5 434.3 439.6 439.9 437.9 440.1 2.2

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 477.4 472.3 475.5 478.2 481.5 480.2 481.8 484.1 2.3

Building material and garden supply stores.. . 1,144.6 1,172.2 1,154.1 1,132.8 1,146.3 1,144.4 1,144.5 1,142.9 -1.6

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,817.1 2,821.6 2,822.4 2,801.7 2,825.4 2,805.6 2,808.6 2,810.0 1.4

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 974.0 973.8 970.7 962.8 977.5 972.7 971.1 969.5 -1.6

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 831.9 838.2 836.5 830.7 827.1 824.3 822.8 824.3 1.5

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . . 1,338.3 1,388.8 1,400.7 1,369.7 1,354.3 1,391.8 1,391.2 1,393.7 2.5

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623.1 586.7 603.3 601.6 620.3 609.0 607.6 604.3 -3.3

General merchandise stores1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,893.1 2,927.0 2,929.1 2,901.4 2,944.3 2,954.9 2,951.8 2,953.1 1.3

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,434.5 1,462.6 1,471.1 1,452.1 1,467.7 1,492.9 1,492.8 1,490.7 -2.1

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 775.7 773.5 772.3 765.3 772.6 769.4 767.3 764.9 -2.4

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417.7 409.0 411.0 421.2 418.6 422.0 421.0 420.8 -0.2

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,223.7 4,159.7 4,158.6 4,238.8 4,184.4 4,188.9 4,189.5 4,199.1 9.6

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457.3 456.1 457.6 458.1 456.8 453.6 454.4 456.6 2.2

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216.1 220.9 220.2 220.1 215.7 219.6 220.0 219.3 -0.7

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.8 66.5 66.5 65.4 62.7 63.7 63.7 63.8 0.1

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,271.8 1,259.2 1,266.4 1,265.0 1,249.6 1,240.8 1,242.5 1,242.4 -0.1

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423.9 372.8 359.5 436.4 416.2 431.2 424.9 427.1 2.2

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.1 39.2 39.5 38.9 42.2 38.9 39.3 38.7 -0.6

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . . 33.2 37.1 36.5 33.9 28.0 28.4 28.4 28.5 0.1

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . . 541.5 550.5 550.6 550.0 540.5 548.4 548.5 549.1 0.6

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533.5 514.9 517.5 522.5 537.1 520.7 523.3 527.2 3.9

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639.5 642.5 644.3 648.5 635.6 643.6 644.5 646.4 1.9

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559.0 556.1 555.7 549.6 560.6 552.9 552.6 550.6 -2.0

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,767 2,726 2,722 2,702 2,777 2,717 2,716 2,711 -5

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . 779.0 762.7 763.3 760.8 779.8 761.3 761.9 762.0 0.1

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344.9 362.0 357.9 346.2 349.6 351.5 352.3 351.3 -1.0

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296.8 295.3 296.7 298.0 296.2 296.4 297.4 298.3 0.9

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 963.4 919.6 920.0 913.5 966.7 921.0 919.4 914.2 -5.2

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249.6 245.2 242.2 242.1 250.1 245.5 244.0 243.8 -0.2

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.9 141.3 141.7 141.3 134.3 140.8 141.2 141.7 0.5

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,688 7,640 7,627 7,586 7,683 7,581 7,578 7,577 -1

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,698.6 5,663.6 5,654.2 5,634.7 5,707.5 5,645.6 5,643.4 5,640.5 -2.9

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . . 21.0 21.4 21.4 21.4 21.1 21.2 21.2 21.3 0.1

Credit intermediation and related

activities1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,566.5 2,573.2 2,569.1 2,563.5 2,571.3 2,562.3 2,563.7 2,566.8 3.1

Depository credit intermediation1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,745.3 1,763.4 1,764.1 1,758.0 1,749.3 1,755.6 1,757.4 1,760.6 3.2

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,306.3 1,321.4 1,322.0 1,318.4 1,309.5 1,315.7 1,317.7 1,319.7 2.0

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 794.5 801.4 797.3 793.8 796.3 798.0 796.4 796.2 -0.2

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . . 2,229.6 2,181.8 2,181.2 2,171.2 2,231.9 2,178.6 2,177.1 2,171.4 -5.7

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles. . . 87.0 85.8 85.2 84.8 86.9 85.5 85.0 84.8 -0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,989.8 1,976.2 1,972.4 1,951.4 1,975.8 1,935.0 1,934.8 1,936.1 1.3

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,414.8 1,396.6 1,397.2 1,387.4 1,407.5 1,375.9 1,377.0 1,379.6 2.6

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 549.1 555.4 551.0 540.0 542.5 535.2 534.0 532.7 -1.3

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . . 25.9 24.2 24.2 24.0 25.8 23.9 23.8 23.8 0.0

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,497 16,796 16,872 16,843 16,349 16,692 16,720 16,734 14

Professional and technical services1

. . . . . . . . . . . 7,366.9 7,386.8 7,393.0 7,344.2 7,444.6 7,416.0 7,430.1 7,423.2 -6.9

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,106.4 1,115.8 1,107.6 1,103.1 1,113.5 1,102.9 1,104.3 1,106.8 2.5

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . . 842.2 816.5 823.7 812.2 916.6 893.1 896.5 888.9 -7.6

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . 1,306.7 1,293.1 1,296.4 1,283.2 1,299.9 1,278.3 1,279.6 1,279.0 -0.6

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,421.5 1,459.1 1,466.4 1,457.6 1,425.5 1,454.8 1,459.6 1,458.7 -0.9

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 987.4 993.1 993.2 997.7 987.5 988.9 991.5 998.4 6.9

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

Change

from:

Aug. 2010-

Sept.

2010p

Professional and business services - Continued

Management of companies and enterprises. . . . 1,834.8 1,836.8 1,837.9 1,831.9 1,837.4 1,828.0 1,829.2 1,834.4 5.2

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,295.2 7,572.4 7,640.9 7,666.8 7,066.6 7,447.7 7,460.5 7,476.0 15.5

Administrative and support services1. . . . . . . . 6,940.6 7,206.4 7,275.5 7,306.4 6,714.2 7,090.0 7,103.0 7,119.1 16.1

Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,524.6 2,775.1 2,836.5 2,908.6 2,375.0 2,769.6 2,774.8 2,803.0 28.2

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,852.7 2,088.1 2,153.2 2,213.4 1,724.4 2,094.0 2,111.7 2,128.6 16.9

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 802.4 784.7 788.4 784.5 810.8 797.2 797.3 793.1 -4.2

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . . 1,800.8 1,847.6 1,838.1 1,800.5 1,730.4 1,731.5 1,732.2 1,730.2 -2.0

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354.6 366.0 365.4 360.4 352.4 357.7 357.5 356.9 -0.6

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,155 19,253 19,279 19,541 19,247 19,558 19,594 19,611 17

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,017.5 2,865.4 2,846.2 3,082.7 3,080.4 3,144.8 3,145.2 3,130.1 -15.1

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,137.6 16,387.2 16,432.4 16,458.1 16,166.3 16,413.0 16,449.2 16,481.2 32.0

Health care3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,567.7 13,809.9 13,837.0 13,811.7 13,581.8 13,772.3 13,802.9 13,826.8 23.9

Ambulatory health care services1. . . . . . . . . 5,799.4 5,943.1 5,955.1 5,951.9 5,804.9 5,930.1 5,947.2 5,964.4 17.2

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,287.1 2,319.3 2,325.5 2,320.3 2,287.9 2,317.7 2,323.0 2,326.4 3.4

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541.4 554.8 558.2 558.6 544.6 554.1 557.1 558.9 1.8

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,034.5 1,073.6 1,073.2 1,075.6 1,035.1 1,070.8 1,073.4 1,078.2 4.8

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,678.5 4,728.4 4,733.9 4,721.4 4,680.8 4,712.7 4,719.7 4,722.6 2.9

Nursing and residential care facilities1. . . . 3,089.8 3,138.4 3,148.0 3,138.4 3,096.1 3,129.5 3,136.0 3,139.8 3.8

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,650.0 1,662.5 1,666.8 1,663.9 1,650.8 1,658.9 1,660.3 1,662.2 1.9

Social assistance1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,569.9 2,577.3 2,595.4 2,646.4 2,584.5 2,640.7 2,646.3 2,654.4 8.1

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 856.3 794.7 813.4 863.0 857.4 861.5 862.4 863.8 1.4

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,284 13,783 13,765 13,383 13,099 13,111 13,131 13,169 38

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,991.9 2,220.8 2,175.5 2,004.0 1,938.7 1,913.0 1,914.1 1,925.4 11.3

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . . 412.5 449.9 448.0 448.8 401.3 415.5 418.7 424.8 6.1

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks. . . 132.4 145.1 140.4 131.2 130.5 129.6 129.0 129.0 0.0

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . . 1,447.0 1,625.8 1,587.1 1,424.0 1,406.9 1,367.9 1,366.4 1,371.6 5.2

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,292.1 11,561.8 11,589.1 11,378.9 11,160.4 11,198.2 11,217.1 11,243.7 26.6

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,791.3 1,904.8 1,910.7 1,804.9 1,748.4 1,768.6 1,775.7 1,768.4 -7.3

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . . 9,500.8 9,657.0 9,678.4 9,574.0 9,412.0 9,429.6 9,441.4 9,475.3 33.9

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,338 5,428 5,406 5,358 5,344 5,352 5,357 5,364 7

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,147.2 1,156.4 1,158.9 1,156.1 1,141.2 1,147.7 1,151.1 1,153.1 2.0

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,278.1 1,278.1 1,271.6 1,267.2 1,274.5 1,268.4 1,265.8 1,267.6 1.8

Membership associations and organizations. . . . 2,913.1 2,993.6 2,975.3 2,934.6 2,927.8 2,935.6 2,940.0 2,942.8 2.8

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,279 21,308 21,214 22,054 22,480 22,540 22,390 22,231 -159

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,821.0 3,065.0 2,940.0 2,854.0 2,818.0 3,030.0 2,919.0 2,843.0 -76.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,133.4 2,407.1 2,291.3 2,207.5 2,127.3 2,378.4 2,268.5 2,195.0 -73.5

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 687.6 658.2 648.2 646.5 690.5 651.5 650.4 648.1 -2.3

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,173.0 4,883.0 4,880.0 5,148.0 5,173.0 5,175.0 5,147.0 5,140.0 -7.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,367.5 2,100.0 2,103.1 2,392.1 2,365.5 2,415.2 2,393.5 2,385.7 -7.8

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 2,805.4 2,782.7 2,776.6 2,755.5 2,807.0 2,759.8 2,753.8 2,754.1 0.3

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,285.0 13,360.0 13,394.0 14,052.0 14,489.0 14,335.0 14,324.0 14,248.0 -76.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,809.3 6,768.7 6,842.0 7,707.8 8,013.0 7,972.7 7,954.6 7,904.8 -49.8

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 6,475.4 6,590.8 6,552.3 6,343.8 6,476.1 6,362.6 6,369.8 6,343.5 -26.3

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 33.8 34.2 34.2 34.2

Goods-producing..................................................................... 38.5 39.4 39.5 39.4

Mining and logging................................................................ 41.8 43.4 43.7 43.6

Construction........................................................................ 37.0 37.5 37.6 37.4

Manufacturing...................................................................... 39.0 40.1 40.2 40.1

Durable goods................................................................... 39.1 40.5 40.4 40.4

Nondurable goods............................................................... 38.9 39.5 39.8 39.7

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.8 33.1 33.1 33.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 34.1 34.3 34.2 34.2

Wholesale trade................................................................. 37.7 38.3 38.4 38.5

Retail trade....................................................................... 31.4 31.2 31.1 31.1

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 38.0 38.6 38.5 38.4

Utilities............................................................................ 40.6 41.1 41.3 41.3

Information.......................................................................... 36.6 36.7 36.6 36.7

Financial activities................................................................. 36.6 37.0 37.0 37.0

Professional and business services............................................. 34.9 35.4 35.4 35.4

Education and health services................................................... 32.8 32.9 32.9 32.9

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 25.5 25.8 25.8 25.8

Other services...................................................................... 31.4 31.9 32.0 32.0

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 2.4 2.9 3.0 3.0

Durable goods........................................................................ 2.2 2.9 2.9 2.9

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 2.7 3.0 3.1 3.1

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

Total private................................................. $22.30 $22.59 $22.66 $22.67 $ 753.74 $ 772.58 $ 774.97 $ 775.31

Goods-producing........................................ 23.88 24.03 24.13 24.13 919.38 946.78 953.14 950.72

Mining and logging................................... 27.41 27.43 27.67 27.94 1,145.74 1,190.46 1,209.18 1,218.18

Construction........................................... 24.94 25.20 25.23 25.22 922.78 945.00 948.65 943.23

Manufacturing......................................... 23.16 23.28 23.39 23.38 903.24 933.53 940.28 937.54

Durable goods...................................... 24.71 24.72 24.86 24.85 966.16 1,001.16 1,004.34 1,003.94

Nondurable goods................................. 20.72 20.92 21.01 20.99 806.01 826.34 836.20 833.30

Private service-providing............................... 21.93 22.25 22.30 22.32 719.30 736.48 738.13 738.79

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 19.44 19.76 19.82 19.85 662.90 677.77 677.84 678.87

Wholesale trade.................................... 25.73 26.24 26.33 26.39 970.02 1,004.99 1,011.07 1,016.02

Retail trade.......................................... 15.47 15.58 15.60 15.58 485.76 486.10 485.16 484.54

Transportation and warehousing................. 20.50 20.99 21.04 21.18 779.00 810.21 810.04 813.31

Utilities............................................... 32.88 32.84 33.08 33.02 1,334.93 1,349.72 1,366.20 1,363.73

Information............................................. 29.58 30.50 30.80 31.05 1,082.63 1,119.35 1,127.28 1,139.54

Financial activities.................................... 26.58 27.20 27.21 27.19 972.83 1,006.40 1,006.77 1,006.03

Professional and business services................ 27.18 27.31 27.36 27.40 948.58 966.77 968.54 969.96

Education and health services...................... 22.46 22.90 22.97 22.95 736.69 753.41 755.71 755.06

Leisure and hospitality............................... 13.05 13.06 13.08 13.07 332.78 336.95 337.46 337.21

Other services......................................... 19.82 19.86 19.86 19.92 622.35 633.53 635.52 637.44

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

Percent

change

from:

Aug.

2010-

Sept.

2010p

Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

Percent

change

from:

Aug.

2010 -

Sept.

2010p

Total private....................................... 90.9 92.4 92.5 92.5 0.0 96.7 99.5 99.9 100.0 0.1

Goods-producing............................... 79.5 80.9 81.2 80.9 -0.4 85.8 87.9 88.5 88.2 -0.3

Mining and logging.......................... 88.8 100.0 101.6 102.1 0.5 97.7 110.1 112.9 114.5 1.4

Construction.................................. 74.1 72.3 72.9 72.2 -1.0 80.3 79.2 79.9 79.2 -0.9

Manufacturing................................ 81.6 84.4 84.4 84.2 -0.2 87.9 91.4 91.8 91.5 -0.3

Durable goods............................ 78.3 82.1 81.6 81.6 0.0 85.9 90.1 90.1 90.1 0.0

Nondurable goods........................ 87.8 88.8 89.4 89.1 -0.3 92.3 94.2 95.3 94.8 -0.5

Private service-providing...................... 94.0 95.4 95.5 95.6 0.1 99.9 102.9 103.2 103.4 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 91.7 92.3 92.1 92.1 0.0 96.0 98.2 98.2 98.4 0.2

Wholesale trade........................... 91.8 93.4 93.6 93.9 0.3 98.6 102.2 102.9 103.4 0.5

Retail trade................................ 92.0 91.5 91.2 91.2 0.0 94.1 94.3 94.1 94.0 -0.1

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 91.0 92.5 92.3 92.3 0.0 94.7 98.6 98.6 99.2 0.6

Utilities..................................... 98.5 98.3 98.7 98.4 -0.3 107.0 106.7 107.9 107.3 -0.6

Information................................... 92.8 91.1 90.8 90.9 0.1 97.8 98.9 99.6 100.5 0.9

Financial activities........................... 92.7 92.4 92.4 92.4 0.0 96.1 98.1 98.1 98.0 -0.1

Professional and business services....... 89.7 92.9 93.1 93.2 0.1 98.8 102.8 103.2 103.4 0.2

Education and health services............. 102.7 104.7 104.9 105.0 0.1 108.1 112.4 112.9 112.9 0.0

Leisure and hospitality...................... 95.3 96.5 96.7 96.9 0.2 100.3 101.7 102.0 102.2 0.2

Other services............................... 93.0 94.6 95.0 95.1 0.1 104.6 106.6 107.1 107.5 0.4

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

Total nonfarm............................................... 64,838 64,749 64,683 64,619 49.9 49.7 49.6 49.6

Total private.............................................. 52,006 51,914 51,945 51,981 48.4 48.2 48.1 48.1

Goods-producing...................................... 4,212 4,149 4,143 4,132 23.2 23.0 23.0 22.9

Mining and logging................................. 98 101 103 104 14.5 13.8 13.9 14.0

Construction........................................ 784 734 733 728 13.5 13.1 13.0 13.0

Manufacturing....................................... 3,330 3,314 3,307 3,300 28.6 28.3 28.3 28.3

Durable goods................................... 1,767 1,755 1,751 1,747 24.8 24.4 24.4 24.3

Nondurable goods............................... 1,563 1,559 1,556 1,553 34.6 34.6 34.6 34.6

Private service-providing............................. 47,794 47,765 47,802 47,849 53.5 53.2 53.2 53.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities............... 10,138 10,039 10,025 10,020 41.0 40.5 40.5 40.4

Wholesale trade................................. 1,694.3 1,676.3 1,677.2 1,677.0 30.4 30.0 30.0 30.0

Retail trade....................................... 7,297.8 7,227.0 7,213.0 7,211.3 50.6 50.0 50.0 49.9

Transportation and warehousing.............. 1,004.4 1,002.0 1,001.3 999.2 24.0 23.9 23.9 23.8

Utilities............................................ 141.6 134.1 133.3 132.1 25.3 24.3 24.1 24.0

Information.......................................... 1,156 1,107 1,108 1,102 41.6 40.7 40.8 40.6

Financial activities.................................. 4,562 4,462 4,457 4,450 59.4 58.9 58.8 58.7

Professional and business services............. 7,373 7,412 7,417 7,450 45.1 44.4 44.4 44.5

Education and health services................... 14,897 15,081 15,110 15,123 77.4 77.1 77.1 77.1

Leisure and hospitality............................. 6,858 6,849 6,865 6,877 52.4 52.2 52.3 52.2

Other services...................................... 2,810 2,815 2,820 2,827 52.6 52.6 52.6 52.7

Government.............................................. 12,832 12,835 12,738 12,638 57.1 56.9 56.9 56.8

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

Total private................................................................................ 88,418 88,854 88,914 88,958

Goods-producing........................................................................ 13,041 12,972 12,975 12,969

Mining and logging................................................................... 491 549 553 555

Construction........................................................................... 4,384 4,209 4,235 4,240

Manufacturing......................................................................... 8,166 8,214 8,187 8,174

Durable goods...................................................................... 4,865 4,938 4,912 4,908

Nondurable goods................................................................. 3,301 3,276 3,275 3,266

Private service-providing............................................................... 75,377 75,882 75,939 75,989

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................................................. 20,952 20,985 20,962 20,964

Wholesale trade.................................................................... 4,492.9 4,483.2 4,479.2 4,478.3

Retail trade......................................................................... 12,371.6 12,428.2 12,423.8 12,431.0

Transportation and warehousing................................................. 3,639.2 3,635.2 3,620.7 3,619.6

Utilities............................................................................... 448.4 438.0 438.0 435.5

Information............................................................................ 2,217 2,183 2,183 2,180

Financial activities.................................................................... 5,939 5,849 5,843 5,841

Professional and business services................................................ 13,324 13,688 13,707 13,723

Education and health services...................................................... 16,893 17,143 17,180 17,181

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 11,584 11,557 11,581 11,615

Other services........................................................................ 4,468 4,477 4,483 4,485

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 33.1 33.4 33.5 33.5

Goods-producing..................................................................... 39.2 40.3 40.5 40.7

Mining and logging................................................................ 43.1 44.8 45.5 44.6

Construction........................................................................ 37.4 38.2 38.6 39.1

Manufacturing...................................................................... 39.9 41.1 41.2 41.2

Durable goods................................................................... 40.0 41.4 41.4 41.4

Nondurable goods............................................................... 39.9 40.7 40.9 41.0

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.0 32.3 32.3 32.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 32.8 33.5 33.4 33.4

Wholesale trade................................................................. 37.4 38.0 38.1 38.2

Retail trade....................................................................... 29.8 30.4 30.2 30.1

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 36.4 37.5 37.6 37.6

Utilities............................................................................ 41.5 42.2 42.2 42.0

Information.......................................................................... 36.4 36.3 36.4 36.1

Financial activities................................................................. 36.0 36.1 36.4 36.1

Professional and business services............................................. 34.7 35.1 35.1 35.1

Education and health services................................................... 32.2 32.1 32.2 32.2

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 24.8 24.8 24.8 24.7

Other services...................................................................... 30.5 30.9 30.9 31.0

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 3.0 3.8 3.8 3.9

Durable goods........................................................................ 2.8 3.9 3.8 3.9

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 3.2 3.7 3.9 3.9

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

Total private................................................. $18.71 $19.04 $19.09 $19.10 $ 619.30 $ 635.94 $ 639.52 $ 639.85

Goods-producing........................................ 19.92 20.25 20.31 20.32 780.86 816.08 822.56 827.02

Mining and logging................................... 23.29 23.98 23.96 24.29 1,003.80 1,074.30 1,090.18 1,083.33

Construction........................................... 22.54 23.21 23.28 23.17 843.00 886.62 898.61 905.95

Manufacturing......................................... 18.39 18.57 18.59 18.63 733.76 763.23 765.91 767.56

Durable goods...................................... 19.53 19.71 19.73 19.79 781.20 815.99 816.82 819.31

Nondurable goods................................. 16.70 16.82 16.87 16.86 666.33 684.57 689.98 691.26

Private service-providing............................... 18.46 18.79 18.83 18.83 590.72 606.92 608.21 606.33

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 16.56 16.85 16.89 16.94 543.17 564.48 564.13 565.80

Wholesale trade.................................... 21.03 21.56 21.56 21.68 786.52 819.28 821.44 828.18

Retail trade.......................................... 13.07 13.24 13.25 13.27 389.49 402.50 400.15 399.43

Transportation and warehousing................. 18.77 19.15 19.21 19.24 683.23 718.13 722.30 723.42

Utilities............................................... 29.64 30.42 30.53 30.60 1,230.06 1,283.72 1,288.37 1,285.20

Information............................................. 25.54 26.03 25.91 26.01 929.66 944.89 943.12 938.96

Financial activities.................................... 20.94 21.45 21.47 21.38 753.84 774.35 781.51 771.82

Professional and business services................ 22.53 22.85 22.93 22.96 781.79 802.04 804.84 805.90

Education and health services...................... 19.61 20.02 20.07 20.08 631.44 642.64 646.25 646.58

Leisure and hospitality............................... 11.24 11.31 11.33 11.23 278.75 280.49 280.98 277.38

Other services......................................... 16.71 16.84 16.86 16.88 509.66 520.36 520.97 523.28

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

Percent

change

from:

Aug.

2010 -

Sept.

2010p

Sept.

2009

July

2010

Aug.

2010p

Sept.

2010p

Percent

change

from:

Aug.

2010 -

Sept.

2010p

Total private....................................... 97.8 99.2 99.5 99.6 0.1 122.2 126.1 126.9 127.1 0.2

Goods-producing............................... 78.1 79.9 80.3 80.7 0.5 95.3 99.1 99.9 100.4 0.5

Mining and logging.......................... 112.5 130.7 133.7 131.5 -1.6 152.3 182.3 186.3 185.8 -0.3

Construction.................................. 82.1 80.5 81.8 83.0 1.5 99.9 100.9 102.9 103.9 1.0

Manufacturing................................ 74.8 77.5 77.4 77.3 -0.1 89.9 94.1 94.1 94.2 0.1

Durable goods............................ 73.1 76.8 76.4 76.3 -0.1 89.1 94.5 94.1 94.3 0.2

Nondurable goods........................ 77.6 78.6 78.9 78.9 0.0 91.6 93.4 94.1 94.0 -0.1

Private service-providing...................... 103.1 104.8 104.9 104.6 -0.3 130.5 135.0 135.4 135.1 -0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 95.8 98.0 97.6 97.6 0.0 113.2 117.8 117.6 118.0 0.3

Wholesale trade........................... 99.0 100.3 100.5 100.7 0.2 122.6 127.4 127.6 128.7 0.9

Retail trade................................ 93.3 95.6 95.0 94.7 -0.3 104.5 108.5 107.9 107.7 -0.2

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 99.7 102.6 102.5 102.4 -0.1 118.7 124.7 124.9 125.0 0.1

Utilities..................................... 95.2 94.5 94.5 93.6 -1.0 117.8 120.0 120.5 119.5 -0.8

Information................................... 92.1 90.5 90.7 89.8 -1.0 116.5 116.6 116.4 115.7 -0.6

Financial activities........................... 102.3 101.0 101.8 100.9 -0.9 132.5 134.0 135.1 133.4 -1.3

Professional and business services....... 103.6 107.7 107.8 108.0 0.2 138.9 146.4 147.1 147.5 0.3

Education and health services............. 117.3 118.7 119.3 119.3 0.0 151.3 156.2 157.4 157.5 0.1

Leisure and hospitality...................... 105.3 105.1 105.3 105.2 -0.1 134.4 134.9 135.4 134.1 -1.0

Other services............................... 95.6 97.0 97.2 97.5 0.3 116.4 119.1 119.4 120.0 0.5

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary