For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, October 20, 2020 USDL-20-1969 

Technical information: 

 Employment: sminfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/sae 

 Unemployment: lausinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/lau 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

STATE EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT — SEPTEMBER 2020

Unemployment rates were lower in September in 30 states, higher in 8 states, and stable in 12 states and 

the District of Columbia, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. All 50 states and the 

District had jobless rate increases from a year earlier. The national unemployment rate declined by 0.5 

percentage point over the month to 7.9 percent but was 4.4 points higher than in September 2019. 

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 30 states, decreased in 3 states, and was essentially 

unchanged in 17 states and the District of Columbia in September 2020. Over the year, nonfarm payroll 

employment decreased in 48 states and the District and was essentially unchanged in 2 states.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly programs. The civilian labor force and

unemployment data are modeled based largely on a survey of households. These data pertain to 

individuals by where they reside. The employment data are from an establishment survey that measures

nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. These data pertain to jobs on payrolls defined by 

where the establishments are located. For more information about the concepts and statistical

methodologies used by these two programs, see the Technical Note.

Unemployment

Hawaii had the highest unemployment rate in September, 15.1 percent, followed by Nevada, 12.6 

percent. Nebraska had the lowest rate, 3.5 percent, followed by South Dakota, 4.1 percent, and Vermont, 

4.2 percent. In total, 27 states had jobless rates lower than the U.S. figure of 7.9 percent, 8 states had 

higher rates, and 15 states and the District of Columbia had rates that were not appreciably different 

from that of the nation. (See tables A and 1 and map 1.) 

In September, the largest unemployment rate decrease occurred in New Jersey (-4.4 percentage points). 

Rates declined over the month by at least 2.0 percentage points in an additional six states. The largest 

over-the-month jobless rate increases occurred in Hawaii (+2.1 percentage points) and Idaho (+1.9 

points). (See table B.) 

The largest unemployment rate increases from September 2019 occurred in Hawaii (+12.4 percentage 

points) and Nevada (+8.9 points). The smallest over-the-year rate increases occurred in Nebraska (+0.5 

percentage point) and South Dakota (+0.7 point). (See table C.)
-2- 

Nonfarm Payroll Employment 

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 30 states, decreased in 3 states, and was essentially 

unchanged in 17 states and the District of Columbia in September 2020. The largest job gains occurred 

in New York (+109,300), California (+96,000), and New Jersey (+60,200). The largest percentage 

increase occurred in New Jersey (+1.6 percent), followed by New York and Wyoming (+1.3 percent 

each). Employment decreased in Indiana (-11,700, or -0.4 percent), Hawaii (-10,700, or -2.0 percent), 

and Kansas (-7,200, or -0.5 percent). (See tables D and 3.)

Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment decreased in 48 states and the District of Columbia and was 

essentially unchanged in 2 states. The largest job declines occurred in California (-1,488,900), New 

York (-1,102,800), and Texas (-583,600). The smallest declines occurred in South Dakota (-13,000), 

Wyoming (-16,100), and Montana (-17,700). The largest percentage declines occurred in Hawaii (-18.4 

percent), New York (-11.2 percent), and Michigan and Vermont (-9.6 percent each). The smallest 

percentage declines occurred in Mississippi (-2.2 percent), Nebraska (-2.5 percent), and South Dakota 

(-2.9 percent). (See table E and map 2.) 

_____________ 

The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment news release for September is scheduled 

to be released on Wednesday, October 28, 2020, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). The State Employment and 

Unemployment news release for October is scheduled to be released on Friday, November 20, 

2020, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). 
-3- 

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Impact on September 2020

Establishment and Household Survey Data 

BLS has continued to review all estimation and methodological procedures for the establishment survey, 

which included the review of data, estimation processes, the application of the birth-death model, and 

seasonal adjustment. Business births and deaths cannot be adequately captured by the establishment 

survey as they occur. Therefore, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program uses a model to 

account for the relatively stable net employment change generated by business births and deaths. Due to 

the impact of COVID-19, the relationship between business births and deaths is no longer stable. 

Typically, reports with zero employment are not included in estimation. For the August final and 

September preliminary estimates, CES included a portion of these reports in the estimates and made 

modifications to the birth-death model. In addition for both months, the establishment survey included a 

portion of the reports that returned to reporting positive employment from reporting zero employment. 

For more information, see www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbd.htm . 

In the establishment survey, workers who are paid by their employer for all or any part of the pay period 

including the 12th of the month are counted as employed, even if they were not actually at their jobs. 

Workers who are temporarily or permanently absent from their jobs and are not being paid are not 

counted as employed, even if they are continuing to receive benefits. The length of the reference period 

does vary across the respondents in the establishment survey; one-third of businesses have a weekly pay 

period, slightly over 40 percent a bi-weekly, about 20 percent semi-monthly, and a small amount 

monthly. 

For the September 2020 estimates of household employment and unemployment from the Local Area 

Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program, BLS continued to implement level-shift outliers in the 

employment and/or unemployment inputs to the models, based on statistical evaluation of movements in 

each area's inputs. Both the Current Population Survey inputs, which serve as the primary inputs to the 

LAUS models, and the nonfarm payroll employment and unemployment insurance claims covariates 

were examined for outliers. The resulting implementation of level shifts preserved movements in the 

published estimates that the models otherwise would have discounted, without requiring changes to how 

the models create estimates at other points in the time series.

To mitigate distortions due to the complex relationships between level shifts in the household survey 

and covariate inputs to the state models, BLS retained the same modifications to the LAUS seasonal 

adjustment and smoothing procedures that had been introduced during the May 2020 cycle. Specifically, 

level shifts were isolated from the estimation of seasonal factors, and the Reproducing Kernel Hilbert 

Space filter was not used to smooth the seasonally adjusted estimates. It is anticipated that these 

modifications will be necessary for as long as complex outlier treatments are deemed necessary for the 

model inputs. 

The "Frequently asked questions" document at www.bls.gov/covid19/employment-situation-covid19-

faq-september-2020.htm extensively discusses the impact of a misclassification in the household survey 

on the national estimates for September 2020. Despite the considerable decline in its degree relative to 

prior months, this misclassification continued to be widespread geographically, with BLS analysis 

indicating that most states again were affected to at least some extent. However, according to usual 

practice, the data from the household survey are accepted as recorded. To maintain data integrity, no ad 

hoc actions are taken to reclassify survey responses. Hence, the household survey estimates of employed 
-4- 

and unemployed people that serve as the primary inputs to the state models were affected to varying 

degrees by the misclassification, which in turn affected the official LAUS estimates for September 2020.

Household data for Puerto Rico are not modeled, but rather are derived from a monthly household 

survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Due to the effects of the pandemic and efforts to 

contain the virus, Puerto Rico had not been able to conduct its household survey for March or April 

2020. Data collection resumed effective May 2020, and BLS resumed publication of the not seasonally 

adjusted data beginning with the June 2020 issuance of this news release on July 17, 2020. BLS is 

resuming publication of the seasonally adjusted data beginning with this news release issuance. The 

Puerto Rico Department of Labor has reported a misclassification in its household survey since May 

2020 similar in nature to the misclassification in the Current Population Survey. 
-5- 

State Rate p

United States 1 ................................................ 7.9

Alabama ........................................................... 6.6

Arizona ............................................................. 6.7

California .......................................................... 11.0

Colorado ........................................................... 6.4

Georgia ............................................................ 6.4

Hawaii .............................................................. 15.1

Idaho ................................................................ 6.1

Illinois ............................................................... 10.2

Indiana ............................................................. 6.2

Iowa ................................................................. 4.7

Kansas ............................................................. 5.9

Kentucky .......................................................... 5.6

Maine ............................................................... 6.1

Maryland ........................................................... 7.2

Massachusetts ................................................... 9.6

Minnesota ......................................................... 6.0

Missouri ............................................................ 4.9

Montana ............................................................ 5.3

Nebraska .......................................................... 3.5

Nevada ............................................................. 12.6

New Hampshire ................................................. 6.0

New Jersey ....................................................... 6.7

New Mexico ....................................................... 9.4

New York .......................................................... 9.7

North Dakota ..................................................... 4.4

Oklahoma .......................................................... 5.3

Rhode Island ..................................................... 10.5

South Carolina .................................................. 5.1

South Dakota .................................................... 4.1

Tennessee ........................................................ 6.3

Utah ................................................................. 5.0

Vermont ............................................................ 4.2

Virginia ............................................................. 6.2

Wisconsin ......................................................... 5.4

Wyoming .......................................................... 6.1

1

 Data are not preliminary.

p

 = preliminary.

Table A. States with unemployment rates significantly different from that

of the U.S., September 2020, seasonally adjusted
-6- 

Table B. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from August 2020

to September 2020, seasonally adjusted

August 2020 September 2020 p

Alabama ..................................... 5.6 6.6 1.0

Arizona ....................................... 5.9 6.7 .8

Delaware .................................... 8.9 8.2 -.7

Georgia ...................................... 5.7 6.4 .7

Hawaii ........................................ 13.0 15.1 2.1

Idaho .......................................... 4.2 6.1 1.9

Illinois ......................................... 11.0 10.2 -.8

Iowa ........................................... 6.3 4.7 -1.6

Kansas ....................................... 6.9 5.9 -1.0

Kentucky .................................... 7.5 5.6 -1.9

Maine ......................................... 7.0 6.1 -.9

Massachusetts ............................. 11.4 9.6 -1.8

Minnesota ................................... 7.4 6.0 -1.4

Mississippi .................................. 7.8 7.1 -.7

Missouri ...................................... 7.0 4.9 -2.1

Montana ...................................... 5.8 5.3 -.5

Nebraska .................................... 4.0 3.5 -.5

Nevada ....................................... 13.3 12.6 -.7

New Hampshire ........................... 6.6 6.0 -.6

New Jersey ................................. 11.1 6.7 -4.4

New Mexico ................................. 11.4 9.4 -2.0

New York .................................... 12.5 9.7 -2.8

North Carolina ............................. 6.5 7.3 .8

North Dakota ............................... 5.0 4.4 -.6

Ohio ........................................... 8.9 8.4 -.5

Oklahoma .................................... 5.7 5.3 -.4

Oregon ....................................... 8.5 8.0 -.5

Pennsylvania ............................... 10.4 8.1 -2.3

Rhode Island ............................... 12.9 10.5 -2.4

South Carolina ............................ 6.4 5.1 -1.3

South Dakota .............................. 4.8 4.1 -.7

Tennessee .................................. 8.6 6.3 -2.3

Texas .......................................... 6.8 8.3 1.5

Utah ........................................... 4.1 5.0 .9

Vermont ...................................... 4.8 4.2 -.6

Washington ................................. 8.4 7.8 -.6

Wisconsin ................................... 6.3 5.4 -.9

Wyoming .................................... 6.6 6.1 -.5

p

 = preliminary.

State

Rate Over-the-month 

change p
-7- 

Table C. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from September 2019

to September 2020, seasonally adjusted

September 2019 September 2020 p

Alabama ..................................... 2.7 6.6 3.9

Alaska ........................................ 6.2 7.2 1.0

Arizona ....................................... 4.6 6.7 2.1

Arkansas .................................... 3.6 7.3 3.7

California .................................... 3.9 11.0 7.1

Colorado ..................................... 2.6 6.4 3.8

Connecticut ................................. 3.7 7.8 4.1

Delaware .................................... 3.9 8.2 4.3

District of Columbia ..................... 5.3 8.7 3.4

Florida ........................................ 2.9 7.6 4.7

Georgia ...................................... 3.2 6.4 3.2

Hawaii ........................................ 2.7 15.1 12.4

Idaho .......................................... 2.9 6.1 3.2

Illinois ......................................... 3.7 10.2 6.5

Indiana ....................................... 3.2 6.2 3.0

Iowa ........................................... 2.8 4.7 1.9

Kansas ....................................... 3.1 5.9 2.8

Kentucky .................................... 4.3 5.6 1.3

Louisiana .................................... 5.1 8.1 3.0

Maine ......................................... 2.9 6.1 3.2

Maryland ..................................... 3.5 7.2 3.7

Massachusetts ............................. 2.8 9.6 6.8

Michigan ..................................... 3.9 8.5 4.6

Minnesota ................................... 3.2 6.0 2.8

Mississippi .................................. 5.6 7.1 1.5

Missouri ...................................... 3.3 4.9 1.6

Montana ...................................... 3.5 5.3 1.8

Nebraska .................................... 3.0 3.5 .5

Nevada ....................................... 3.7 12.6 8.9

New Hampshire ........................... 2.6 6.0 3.4

New Jersey ................................. 3.6 6.7 3.1

New Mexico ................................. 4.8 9.4 4.6

New York .................................... 3.9 9.7 5.8

North Carolina ............................. 3.7 7.3 3.6

North Dakota ............................... 2.4 4.4 2.0

Ohio ........................................... 4.1 8.4 4.3

Oklahoma .................................... 3.3 5.3 2.0

Oregon ....................................... 3.5 8.0 4.5

Pennsylvania ............................... 4.6 8.1 3.5

Rhode Island ............................... 3.5 10.5 7.0

South Carolina ............................ 2.4 5.1 2.7

South Dakota .............................. 3.4 4.1 .7

Tennessee .................................. 3.3 6.3 3.0

Texas .......................................... 3.5 8.3 4.8

Utah ........................................... 2.5 5.0 2.5

Vermont ...................................... 2.4 4.2 1.8

Virginia ....................................... 2.7 6.2 3.5

Washington ................................. 4.1 7.8 3.7

West Virginia .............................. 5.0 8.6 3.6

Wisconsin ................................... 3.4 5.4 2.0

Wyoming .................................... 3.7 6.1 2.4

p

 = preliminary.

State

Rate Over-the-year 

change p
-8- 

Table D. States with statistically significant employment changes from August 2020 to

September 2020, seasonally adjusted

August September

2020 2020 p Level Percent

Alaska ........................................ 297,000 300,600 3,600 1.2

California .................................... 15,886,300 15,982,300 96,000 .6

Colorado ..................................... 2,651,800 2,665,200 13,400 .5

Connecticut ................................. 1,568,100 1,585,100 17,000 1.1

Florida ........................................ 8,485,200 8,532,500 47,300 .6

Georgia ...................................... 4,441,200 4,461,400 20,200 .5

Hawaii ........................................ 545,600 534,900 -10,700 -2.0

Indiana ....................................... 3,045,200 3,033,500 -11,700 -.4

Iowa ........................................... 1,492,200 1,499,500 7,300 .5

Kansas ....................................... 1,367,600 1,360,400 -7,200 -.5

 

Maine ......................................... 582,000 586,700 4,700 .8

Maryland ..................................... 2,585,500 2,603,700 18,200 .7

Massachusetts ............................. 3,305,100 3,342,000 36,900 1.1

Michigan ..................................... 3,994,700 4,013,100 18,400 .5

Minnesota ................................... 2,764,200 2,779,000 14,800 .5

Mississippi .................................. 1,124,400 1,131,900 7,500 .7

Missouri ...................................... 2,771,500 2,784,500 13,000 .5

Montana ...................................... 464,600 467,700 3,100 .7

Nebraska .................................... 992,400 1,000,400 8,000 .8

New Jersey ................................. 3,818,000 3,878,200 60,200 1.6

 

New Mexico ................................. 798,100 802,400 4,300 .5

New York .................................... 8,601,000 8,710,300 109,300 1.3

North Carolina ............................. 4,268,100 4,316,200 48,100 1.1

Ohio ........................................... 5,146,700 5,188,200 41,500 .8

Pennsylvania ............................... 5,578,400 5,597,800 19,400 .3

South Carolina ............................ 2,094,900 2,119,700 24,800 1.2

South Dakota .............................. 423,200 428,100 4,900 1.2

Tennessee .................................. 2,989,000 3,000,100 11,100 .4

Texas .......................................... 12,224,500 12,265,200 40,700 .3

Utah ........................................... 1,539,600 1,552,400 12,800 .8

 

Vermont ...................................... 282,200 285,000 2,800 1.0

Wisconsin ................................... 2,757,200 2,781,000 23,800 .9

Wyoming .................................... 270,500 273,900 3,400 1.3

p

 = preliminary.

State Over-the-month change p
-9- 

Table E. States with statistically significant employment changes from September 2019 to

September 2020, seasonally adjusted

September September

2019 2020 p Level Percent

Alabama ..................................... 2,075,000 2,000,500 -74,500 -3.6

Alaska ........................................ 331,000 300,600 -30,400 -9.2

Arizona ....................................... 2,952,500 2,862,000 -90,500 -3.1

Arkansas .................................... 1,273,000 1,225,800 -47,200 -3.7

California .................................... 17,471,200 15,982,300 -1,488,900 -8.5

Colorado ..................................... 2,799,500 2,665,200 -134,300 -4.8

Connecticut ................................. 1,688,300 1,585,100 -103,200 -6.1

Delaware .................................... 466,400 428,800 -37,600 -8.1

District of Columbia ..................... 799,200 745,600 -53,600 -6.7

Florida ........................................ 8,983,600 8,532,500 -451,100 -5.0

 

Georgia ...................................... 4,626,100 4,461,400 -164,700 -3.6

Hawaii ........................................ 655,700 534,900 -120,800 -18.4

Illinois ......................................... 6,115,700 5,702,800 -412,900 -6.8

Indiana ....................................... 3,163,600 3,033,500 -130,100 -4.1

Iowa ........................................... 1,584,900 1,499,500 -85,400 -5.4

Kansas ....................................... 1,423,400 1,360,400 -63,000 -4.4

Kentucky .................................... 1,943,200 1,826,000 -117,200 -6.0

Louisiana .................................... 1,987,100 1,851,400 -135,700 -6.8

Maine ......................................... 637,700 586,700 -51,000 -8.0

Maryland ..................................... 2,765,900 2,603,700 -162,200 -5.9

 

Massachusetts ............................. 3,693,800 3,342,000 -351,800 -9.5

Michigan ..................................... 4,438,100 4,013,100 -425,000 -9.6

Minnesota ................................... 2,979,000 2,779,000 -200,000 -6.7

Mississippi .................................. 1,157,600 1,131,900 -25,700 -2.2

Missouri ...................................... 2,906,400 2,784,500 -121,900 -4.2

Montana ...................................... 485,400 467,700 -17,700 -3.6

Nebraska .................................... 1,026,500 1,000,400 -26,100 -2.5

Nevada ....................................... 1,424,500 1,296,900 -127,600 -9.0

New Hampshire ........................... 685,600 632,800 -52,800 -7.7

New Jersey ................................. 4,199,000 3,878,200 -320,800 -7.6

 

New Mexico ................................. 861,600 802,400 -59,200 -6.9

New York .................................... 9,813,100 8,710,300 -1,102,800 -11.2

North Carolina ............................. 4,583,600 4,316,200 -267,400 -5.8

North Dakota ............................... 438,900 408,900 -30,000 -6.8

Ohio ........................................... 5,591,900 5,188,200 -403,700 -7.2

Oklahoma .................................... 1,705,300 1,618,900 -86,400 -5.1

Oregon ....................................... 1,944,500 1,811,800 -132,700 -6.8

Pennsylvania ............................... 6,068,600 5,597,800 -470,800 -7.8

Rhode Island ............................... 502,800 468,000 -34,800 -6.9

South Carolina ............................ 2,199,300 2,119,700 -79,600 -3.6

 

South Dakota .............................. 441,100 428,100 -13,000 -2.9

Tennessee .................................. 3,131,600 3,000,100 -131,500 -4.2

Texas .......................................... 12,848,800 12,265,200 -583,600 -4.5

Vermont ...................................... 315,400 285,000 -30,400 -9.6

Virginia ....................................... 4,064,200 3,857,100 -207,100 -5.1

Washington ................................. 3,483,500 3,286,000 -197,500 -5.7

West Virginia .............................. 716,800 671,200 -45,600 -6.4

Wisconsin ................................... 2,972,300 2,781,000 -191,300 -6.4

Wyoming .................................... 290,000 273,900 -16,100 -5.6

p

 = preliminary.

State Over-the-year change p
Technical Note

Special technical note: This technical note describes the 

procedures regularly used on a monthly basis to develop 

estimates from the CES survey and the LAUS program. Due to 

the COVID-19 pandemic, some of the procedures described in 

this technical note have been modified. The modifications are 

briefly described in the box note of this news release. More 

information on the changes to the CES business birth-death 

model is available at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbd.htm . 

This news release presents civilian labor force and 

unemployment data for states and selected substate areas from 

the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program 

(tables 1 and 2). Also presented are nonfarm payroll 

employment estimates by state and industry supersector from 

the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 

4). The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state 

cooperative endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment—from the 

LAUS program

 Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment 

data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those 

used for the official national estimates obtained from the 

Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of 

households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics 

(BLS) by the U.S. Census Bureau. The LAUS program 

measures employed people and unemployed people on a placeof-residence basis. The universe for each is the civilian 

noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. 

Employed people are those who did any work at all for pay or 

profit in the reference week (typically the week including the 

12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in 

a family business or farm, plus those not working who had a job 

from which they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, 

for such reasons as bad weather, labor-management dispute, 

illness, or vacation. 

 Unemployed people are those who were not employed during 

the reference week (based on the definition above), had actively 

looked for a job sometime in the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week, and were currently available for work; people

on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be 

counted as unemployed. The civilian labor force is the sum of 

employed and unemployed people. The unemployment rate is 

the number of unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor 

force.

 Method of estimation. Estimates for 48 states, the District 

of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale 

metropolitan division, New York City, and the balances of 

California and New York State are produced using time-series 

models. This method, which underwent substantial 

enhancement at the beginning of 2015, utilizes data from 

several sources, including the CPS, the CES, and state 

unemployment insurance (UI) programs. Estimates for the state 

of California are derived by summing the estimates for the Los 

Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale metropolitan division and the 

balance of California. Similarly, estimates for New York State

are derived by summing the estimates for New York City and 

the balance of New York State. Estimates for the five additional 

substate areas contained in this release (the Cleveland-Elyria 

and Detroit-Warren-Dearborn metropolitan areas and the 

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, Miami-Miami BeachKendall, and Seattle-Bellevue-Everett metropolitan divisions) 

and their respective balances of state are produced using a 

similar model-based approach.

 Each month, estimates for the nine census divisions first are

modeled using inputs from the CPS only and controlled to the 

national totals. State estimates then are controlled to their 

respective census division totals. Substate and balance-of-state 

estimates for the five areas noted above also are controlled to 

their respective state totals. This tiered process of controlling 

model-based estimates to the U.S. totals is called real-time 

benchmarking. Estimates for Puerto Rico are derived from a 

monthly household survey similar to the CPS. A more detailed 

description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS 

upon request.

 Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment 

data for prior years reflect adjustments made after the end of 

each year. The adjusted estimates reflect updated population 

data from the U.S. Census Bureau, any revisions in the other 

data sources, and model re-estimation. In most years, historical 

data for the most recent five years are revised near the 

beginning of each calendar year, prior to the release of January 

estimates. With the introduction of a new generation of timesseries models in early 2015, historical data were re-estimated 

back to the series beginnings in 1976, 1990, or 1994.

 Seasonal adjustment. The LAUS models decompose the 

estimates of employed and unemployed people into trend, 

seasonal, and irregular components. The benchmarked signals 

of employed and unemployed people first are adjusted using an 

X-11 type of seasonal adjustment filter. The adjusted data then 

are smoothed using a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space 

(RKHS) filter. The smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates of 

employed and unemployed people are summed to derive the 

civilian labor force, and the unemployment rate then is 

calculated as the unemployed percent of the civilian labor force. 

The resulting smoothed-seasonally adjusted unemployment 

rate estimates are analyzed in this news release and published 

on the BLS website. 

 During estimation for the current year, the smoothedseasonally adjusted estimates for a given month are created 

using an asymmetric filter that incorporates information from 

previous observations only. For annual revisions, historical data 

are smoothed using a two-sided filter.

 Area definitions. The substate area data published in this 

release reflect the delineations that were issued by the U.S. 

Office of Management and Budget on April 10, 2018. A 

detailed list of the geographic definitions is available online at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. 

Employment—from the CES program

 Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on 

establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of the pay 
period that includes the 12th of the month. Persons are counted 

at their place of work rather than at their place of residence; 

those appearing on more than one payroll are counted on each 

payroll. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal 

activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North 

American Industry Classification System. 

 Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment 

data are produced using several estimation procedures. Where 

possible these data are produced using a "weighted link 

relative" estimation technique in which a ratio of current month 

weighted employment to that of the previous-month weighted 

employment is computed from a sample of establishments 

reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the 

current month are then obtained by multiplying these ratios by 

the previous month’s employment estimates. The weighted link 

relative technique is utilized for data series where the sample 

size meets certain statistical criteria. 

 For some employment series, the sample of establishments is 

very small or highly variable. In these cases, a model-based 

approach is used in estimation. These models use the direct 

sample estimates (described above), combined with forecasts of 

historical (benchmarked) data to decrease volatility in 

estimation. Two different models (Fay-Herriot Model and 

Small Domain Model) are used depending on the industry level 

being estimated. For more detailed information about each 

model, refer to the BLS Handbook of Methods.

 Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted 

annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks, 

derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by 

employers who are covered under state unemployment 

insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to 

adjust the monthly estimates between the new benchmark and 

the preceding one and also to establish the level of employment 

for the new benchmark month. Thus, the benchmarking process 

establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used to 

measure the month-to-month changes in the level for the 

subsequent months. Information on recent benchmark revisions 

is available online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/benchmark.pdf.

 Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are 

seasonally adjusted at the statewide expanded supersector level. 

In some cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total 

is computed by aggregating the independently adjusted 

supersector series. In other cases, the seasonally adjusted 

payroll employment total is independently adjusted. Revisions 

to historical data for the most recent five years are made once a 

year, coincident with annual benchmark adjustments.

 Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted 

concurrently, using all available estimates including those for 

the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors.

Concurrent sample-based factors are created every month for 

the current month’s preliminary estimate as well as the previous 

month’s final estimate in order to incorporate real-time 

estimates. 

 Caution on aggregating state data. State estimation 

procedures are designed to produce accurate data for each 

individual state. BLS independently develops a national 

employment series; state estimates are not forced to sum to 

national totals. Because each state series is subject to larger 

sampling and nonsampling errors than the national series, 

summing them cumulates individual state-level errors and can 

cause significant distortions at an aggregate level. Due to these 

statistical limitations, BLS does not compile a "sum-of-states" 

employment series, and cautions users that such a series is 

subject to a relatively large and volatile error structure.

Reliability of the estimates

 The estimates presented in this release are based on sample 

surveys, administrative data, and modeling and, thus, are 

subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error is 

a measure of sampling variability—that is, variation that occurs 

by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is 

surveyed. Survey data also are subject to nonsampling errors, 

such as those which can be introduced into the data collection 

and processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from 

sample surveys are subject to additional errors resulting from 

the specific estimation processes used.

 Use of error measures. Changes in state unemployment 

rates and state nonfarm payroll employment are cited in the 

analysis of this release only if they have been determined to be 

statistically significant at the 90-percent confidence level. 

Furthermore, state unemployment rates for the current month 

generally are cited only if they have been determined to be 

significantly different from the U.S. rate at the 90-percent 

confidence level. The underlying model-based standard error 

measures for unemployment rates and over-the-month and 

over-the-year changes in rates are available at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lastderr.htm. The underlying standard error 

measures for over-the-month and over-the-year changes in state 

payroll employment data at the total nonfarm and supersector 

levels are available at www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. 

Measures of nonsampling error are not available.

Additional information

 Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment from the 

LAUS program, as well as nonfarm payroll employment from 

the CES program, for metropolitan areas and metropolitan 

divisions are available in the news release Metropolitan Area 

Employment and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor 

force, employed people, unemployed people, and 

unemployment rates for approximately 7,500 subnational areas 

are available online at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data 

from the CES program for states and metropolitan areas are 

available online at www.bls.gov/sae/. Information in this 

release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals 

upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay 

Service: (800) 877-8339.
LABOR FORCE DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, seasonally adjusted

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

Sept.

2019

July

2020

Aug.

2020

Sept.

2020p

Number Percent of labor force

Sept.

2019

July

2020

Aug.

2020

Sept.

2020p

Sept.

2019

July

2020

Aug.

2020

Sept.

2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,245,766 2,230,709 2,264,223 2,255,268 61,495 176,556 125,855 148,912 2.7 7.9 5.6 6.6

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347,254 340,956 329,089 333,004 21,406 39,672 24,217 23,836 6.2 11.6 7.4 7.2

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,585,858 3,565,784 3,414,564 3,566,291 164,426 380,231 202,487 237,774 4.6 10.7 5.9 6.7

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,363,257 1,305,613 1,343,186 1,335,469 48,450 92,976 99,517 97,191 3.6 7.1 7.4 7.3

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,458,303 18,825,904 18,657,538 18,676,946 757,881 2,543,255 2,086,688 2,058,786 3.9 13.5 11.2 11.0

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale1. . . . 5,140,933 4,931,148 4,935,823 4,914,505 221,930 881,849 807,501 743,370 4.3 17.9 16.4 15.1

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,168,978 3,084,472 3,087,775 3,147,378 81,321 229,572 205,774 201,997 2.6 7.4 6.7 6.4

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,923,109 1,900,497 1,866,403 1,894,773 72,097 194,294 150,815 147,117 3.7 10.2 8.1 7.8

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488,694 505,590 500,871 495,306 19,288 52,979 44,718 40,394 3.9 10.5 8.9 8.2

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411,296 393,988 397,554 396,750 21,728 33,581 34,137 34,476 5.3 8.5 8.6 8.7

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,402,699 9,994,978 10,144,626 10,143,475 303,781 1,136,870 742,688 769,859 2.9 11.4 7.3 7.6

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall1. . . . . . . . . . . 1,389,799 1,333,258 1,359,250 1,415,456 28,987 189,063 102,133 180,627 2.1 14.2 7.5 12.8

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,129,851 4,993,364 4,926,114 4,945,161 165,476 380,204 282,138 316,740 3.2 7.6 5.7 6.4

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 665,785 638,124 639,549 612,768 17,902 86,079 82,822 92,544 2.7 13.5 13.0 15.1

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 887,795 901,494 896,515 918,644 25,573 45,588 37,497 56,303 2.9 5.1 4.2 6.1

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,439,731 6,248,853 6,316,526 6,392,549 240,317 715,810 695,027 652,104 3.7 11.5 11.0 10.2

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights1. . . 3,714,318 3,635,173 3,609,608 3,705,319 125,641 454,409 448,785 426,932 3.4 12.5 12.4 11.5

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,386,110 3,318,673 3,356,226 3,336,535 107,610 261,101 214,570 208,281 3.2 7.9 6.4 6.2

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,751,217 1,626,512 1,624,524 1,612,751 48,741 110,335 101,735 76,564 2.8 6.8 6.3 4.7

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,490,123 1,491,299 1,499,273 1,475,696 46,421 107,119 103,537 87,728 3.1 7.2 6.9 5.9

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,081,590 1,837,401 2,008,842 1,925,252 90,136 82,136 149,990 107,923 4.3 4.5 7.5 5.6

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,099,185 2,011,263 2,106,619 2,095,056 106,095 188,490 161,816 170,329 5.1 9.4 7.7 8.1

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693,045 697,299 677,695 681,209 20,299 68,735 47,230 41,373 2.9 9.9 7.0 6.1

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,271,010 3,240,889 3,243,971 3,067,839 114,166 252,206 228,298 219,375 3.5 7.8 7.0 7.2

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,829,750 3,673,375 3,548,646 3,789,576 107,363 594,255 403,441 365,410 2.8 16.2 11.4 9.6

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,939,952 4,816,641 4,914,058 4,890,716 193,387 421,388 425,223 416,524 3.9 8.7 8.7 8.5

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,164,536 2,012,606 2,073,626 2,078,693 88,346 187,363 199,339 204,144 4.1 9.3 9.6 9.8

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,120,459 3,093,304 3,111,751 3,055,452 101,076 236,547 230,631 182,763 3.2 7.6 7.4 6.0

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,280,907 1,214,308 1,240,619 1,296,003 71,389 113,989 97,090 91,796 5.6 9.4 7.8 7.1

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,096,836 3,073,320 3,080,741 3,011,046 102,824 211,424 214,396 146,051 3.3 6.9 7.0 4.9

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535,725 534,260 533,234 534,614 18,711 34,573 30,984 28,114 3.5 6.5 5.8 5.3

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,037,715 1,046,974 1,038,528 1,033,570 31,453 51,217 41,438 36,333 3.0 4.9 4.0 3.5

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,550,526 1,488,599 1,495,350 1,520,357 58,128 210,741 199,428 191,707 3.7 14.2 13.3 12.6

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 776,382 734,397 738,253 741,739 19,926 58,914 48,923 44,513 2.6 8.0 6.6 6.0

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,523,734 4,589,169 4,578,368 4,349,416 161,982 651,366 509,969 293,229 3.6 14.2 11.1 6.7

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 959,014 910,699 896,708 952,327 45,677 115,370 101,957 89,561 4.8 12.7 11.4 9.4

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,516,997 9,580,264 9,496,930 9,134,041 371,583 1,525,891 1,186,672 884,650 3.9 15.9 12.5 9.7

New York City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,060,172 4,001,356 3,992,492 3,826,489 149,775 795,416 638,767 538,694 3.7 19.9 16.0 14.1

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,100,430 4,897,607 4,832,024 4,914,985 190,286 415,452 312,674 356,952 3.7 8.5 6.5 7.3

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403,977 402,156 397,335 396,309 9,788 26,609 20,053 17,269 2.4 6.6 5.0 4.4

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,814,117 5,663,958 5,763,731 5,643,105 240,086 510,262 510,169 471,522 4.1 9.0 8.9 8.4

Cleveland-Elyria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,042,735 997,950 1,016,048 926,374 41,455 114,150 107,026 96,004 4.0 11.4 10.5 10.4

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,845,138 1,804,753 1,833,445 1,880,260 61,741 127,865 104,722 99,813 3.3 7.1 5.7 5.3

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,103,078 2,061,771 2,072,012 2,058,880 73,198 215,189 176,645 165,048 3.5 10.4 8.5 8.0

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,525,482 6,361,009 6,312,511 6,365,388 297,878 793,690 659,066 518,081 4.6 12.5 10.4 8.1

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 556,431 557,007 540,376 561,004 19,476 63,133 69,524 59,014 3.5 11.3 12.9 10.5

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,380,292 2,458,905 2,421,059 2,390,306 57,450 212,902 154,809 121,485 2.4 8.7 6.4 5.1

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465,518 466,239 460,534 463,131 15,707 29,955 22,231 19,059 3.4 6.4 4.8 4.1

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,361,680 3,148,062 3,401,133 3,322,510 111,716 304,365 291,549 210,958 3.3 9.7 8.6 6.3

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,133,202 13,834,694 14,386,708 14,214,922 495,774 1,113,605 981,437 1,185,086 3.5 8.0 6.8 8.3

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,618,990 1,626,910 1,625,568 1,663,385 39,720 73,263 66,344 82,811 2.5 4.5 4.1 5.0

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340,947 339,162 324,286 321,693 8,238 28,186 15,439 13,553 2.4 8.3 4.8 4.2

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,435,867 4,323,137 4,351,449 4,279,495 119,098 341,642 266,411 263,865 2.7 7.9 6.1 6.2

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,940,112 3,961,077 3,957,192 3,901,444 161,055 403,708 333,649 303,378 4.1 10.2 8.4 7.8

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,740,814 1,721,328 1,728,291 1,708,712 47,042 141,329 126,436 119,857 2.7 8.2 7.3 7.0

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 801,633 761,335 773,693 773,715 40,041 76,471 69,236 66,549 5.0 10.0 8.9 8.6

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,106,837 3,026,513 3,054,862 3,137,058 107,092 215,799 192,280 169,384 3.4 7.1 6.3 5.4

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292,889 294,527 292,304 294,960 10,928 20,842 19,195 17,970 3.7 7.1 6.6 6.1

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,074,120 1,034,753 1,037,830 1,041,397 85,249 87,804 86,123 87,258 7.9 8.5 8.3 8.4

1 Metropolitan division.

2 Metropolitan statistical area.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of

Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision

the following month.
LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, not seasonally adjusted

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

August September Number Percent of labor force

2019 2020 2019 2020p

August September August September

2019 2020 2019 2020p 2019 2020 2019 2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,235,642 2,257,899 2,237,761 2,248,823 66,431 128,488 57,536 142,991 3.0 5.7 2.6 6.4

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353,859 335,369 348,825 334,042 18,805 21,353 19,306 21,678 5.3 6.4 5.5 6.5

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,556,056 3,408,977 3,591,467 3,583,467 178,406 214,032 165,431 242,339 5.0 6.3 4.6 6.8

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,364,195 1,345,569 1,364,706 1,336,989 49,499 99,551 45,467 93,607 3.6 7.4 3.3 7.0

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,428,941 18,678,585 19,505,846 18,761,209 808,406 2,119,880 704,291 2,017,210 4.2 11.3 3.6 10.8

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale1. . . . 5,112,508 4,935,680 5,152,447 4,942,404 244,308 828,177 222,671 746,087 4.8 16.8 4.3 15.1

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,170,260 3,101,057 3,178,923 3,161,886 83,635 205,114 75,467 195,189 2.6 6.6 2.4 6.2

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,925,819 1,876,863 1,913,111 1,889,423 73,111 153,218 66,569 142,264 3.8 8.2 3.5 7.5

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490,824 503,877 484,356 491,760 20,234 45,877 18,909 40,141 4.1 9.1 3.9 8.2

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407,817 394,931 407,988 393,146 22,418 34,713 21,886 34,566 5.5 8.8 5.4 8.8

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,353,589 10,133,146 10,438,897 10,186,223 341,558 766,532 304,238 778,174 3.3 7.6 2.9 7.6

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall1. . . . . . . . . . . 1,377,292 1,351,355 1,384,761 1,412,041 35,333 107,507 31,696 183,595 2.6 8.0 2.3 13.0

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,097,809 4,906,688 5,119,873 4,937,094 186,680 294,883 156,100 309,503 3.7 6.0 3.0 6.3

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 663,706 639,152 662,543 610,432 17,821 82,216 18,842 93,285 2.7 12.9 2.8 15.3

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 888,664 899,430 886,206 917,599 22,457 34,007 20,685 51,561 2.5 3.8 2.3 5.6

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,459,291 6,327,118 6,426,636 6,367,873 257,769 699,795 222,928 621,131 4.0 11.1 3.5 9.8

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights1. . . 3,739,554 3,620,931 3,697,145 3,682,563 140,878 460,323 117,332 416,405 3.8 12.7 3.2 11.3

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,385,489 3,360,009 3,374,034 3,328,250 113,806 218,724 95,125 194,052 3.4 6.5 2.8 5.8

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,748,009 1,623,853 1,748,279 1,611,521 48,287 100,235 41,466 68,886 2.8 6.2 2.4 4.3

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,485,168 1,495,227 1,484,776 1,470,103 50,095 106,061 40,121 81,476 3.4 7.1 2.7 5.5

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,069,554 2,001,943 2,073,191 1,922,687 86,918 146,700 79,648 100,932 4.2 7.3 3.8 5.2

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,097,206 2,106,363 2,096,725 2,091,597 112,426 169,537 104,342 171,027 5.4 8.0 5.0 8.2

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 708,364 694,116 692,599 680,685 16,281 42,985 16,025 36,555 2.3 6.2 2.3 5.4

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,280,077 3,256,662 3,264,649 3,060,968 122,557 233,586 106,899 210,414 3.7 7.2 3.3 6.9

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,855,804 3,584,444 3,798,668 3,763,988 108,391 401,926 101,529 359,368 2.8 11.2 2.7 9.5

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,965,356 4,942,980 4,930,761 4,877,818 209,484 437,763 173,033 398,791 4.2 8.9 3.5 8.2

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,183,702 2,096,074 2,177,102 2,093,191 103,756 211,925 86,349 204,750 4.8 10.1 4.0 9.8

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,122,724 3,119,847 3,110,208 3,050,104 94,260 222,327 80,560 163,956 3.0 7.1 2.6 5.4

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,272,644 1,235,384 1,276,039 1,292,856 71,648 97,273 68,196 87,566 5.6 7.9 5.3 6.8

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,077,694 3,067,869 3,083,575 2,999,711 108,761 217,535 82,035 127,907 3.5 7.1 2.7 4.3

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 542,082 539,657 534,592 533,615 16,824 28,849 15,869 24,667 3.1 5.3 3.0 4.6

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,039,417 1,041,214 1,029,469 1,025,888 31,306 40,666 28,495 33,503 3.0 3.9 2.8 3.3

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,548,152 1,496,154 1,552,411 1,523,754 59,708 199,689 57,740 191,838 3.9 13.3 3.7 12.6

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783,726 745,381 772,689 737,013 19,639 47,833 17,831 41,311 2.5 6.4 2.3 5.6

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,530,548 4,596,237 4,496,207 4,312,144 166,692 511,272 152,067 280,229 3.7 11.1 3.4 6.5

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 955,627 895,414 955,891 950,489 47,067 103,411 44,186 88,644 4.9 11.5 4.6 9.3

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,539,835 9,518,455 9,504,828 9,107,525 393,551 1,193,794 342,694 854,249 4.1 12.5 3.6 9.4

New York City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,060,880 3,988,505 4,054,999 3,817,511 169,062 647,559 142,400 530,892 4.2 16.2 3.5 13.9

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,074,829 4,815,116 5,094,495 4,918,620 210,207 325,823 174,618 343,190 4.1 6.8 3.4 7.0

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410,255 403,650 403,896 396,445 9,123 19,518 7,434 15,086 2.2 4.8 1.8 3.8

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,848,312 5,794,178 5,805,781 5,626,736 246,429 512,028 225,181 451,966 4.2 8.8 3.9 8.0

Cleveland-Elyria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,049,822 1,022,852 1,045,516 928,936 42,284 107,120 38,501 92,020 4.0 10.5 3.7 9.9

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,836,797 1,825,927 1,844,419 1,878,159 60,607 103,429 57,872 95,398 3.3 5.7 3.1 5.1

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,123,490 2,088,833 2,109,356 2,058,198 82,140 177,552 64,940 149,915 3.9 8.5 3.1 7.3

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,542,283 6,348,400 6,506,111 6,355,432 314,579 675,132 271,125 489,395 4.8 10.6 4.2 7.7

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560,466 545,964 556,320 561,629 20,937 70,846 17,493 56,738 3.7 13.0 3.1 10.1

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,385,686 2,432,302 2,366,932 2,383,208 67,954 161,940 47,844 112,485 2.8 6.7 2.0 4.7

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468,482 464,400 463,200 461,229 15,340 21,994 14,012 17,457 3.3 4.7 3.0 3.8

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,339,297 3,383,046 3,351,337 3,309,301 113,486 292,237 105,792 204,646 3.4 8.6 3.2 6.2

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,030,092 14,330,374 14,111,297 14,208,368 523,448 1,000,259 482,829 1,177,593 3.7 7.0 3.4 8.3

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,615,398 1,627,819 1,615,873 1,661,609 42,719 68,500 34,864 78,105 2.6 4.2 2.2 4.7

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344,368 327,284 338,959 319,536 7,910 15,114 7,834 13,166 2.3 4.6 2.3 4.1

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,422,123 4,349,621 4,420,479 4,270,035 130,261 274,118 114,346 258,039 2.9 6.3 2.6 6.0

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,930,563 3,961,525 3,937,562 3,906,624 160,846 329,787 144,349 289,622 4.1 8.3 3.7 7.4

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,739,556 1,731,855 1,746,456 1,718,462 48,753 126,717 49,683 121,988 2.8 7.3 2.8 7.1

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 801,184 773,661 803,603 775,287 38,253 68,023 34,801 61,088 4.8 8.8 4.3 7.9

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,120,077 3,069,118 3,096,038 3,125,991 106,141 188,177 88,493 147,470 3.4 6.1 2.9 4.7

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296,141 295,240 293,770 295,442 9,825 17,874 9,663 16,324 3.3 6.1 3.3 5.5

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,078,607 1,048,938 1,066,859 1,048,264 75,758 88,480 87,618 97,905 7.0 8.4 8.2 9.3

1 Metropolitan division.

2 Metropolitan statistical area.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of

Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision

the following month.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

State

Total1 Construction Manufacturing

Sept.

2019

July

2020

Aug.

2020

Sept.

2020p

Sept.

2019

July

2020

Aug.

2020

Sept.

2020p

Sept.

2019

July

2020

Aug.

2020

Sept.

2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,075.0 1,972.9 1,998.7 2,000.5 94.8 94.4 93.4 93.3 268.4 260.9 265.9 264.4

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331.0 291.7 297.0 300.6 16.3 14.4 14.5 14.9 14.5 9.3 9.3 9.2

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,952.5 2,834.7 2,859.4 2,862.0 173.1 169.0 169.9 169.6 178.5 170.9 170.9 171.2

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,273.0 1,213.5 1,227.5 1,225.8 52.4 52.3 53.1 53.1 161.2 143.3 144.0 145.4

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,471.2 15,772.5 15,886.3 15,982.3 892.1 832.6 838.9 842.0 1,318.1 1,218.3 1,218.4 1,221.0

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,799.5 2,612.7 2,651.8 2,665.2 180.3 173.3 172.8 171.5 150.4 150.4 151.2 152.2

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,688.3 1,546.2 1,568.1 1,585.1 59.4 57.2 57.6 57.1 162.2 156.2 154.4 155.9

Delaware2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466.4 421.7 426.7 428.8 22.7 21.3 21.3 21.4 27.2 24.5 25.0 25.0

District of Columbia2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799.2 746.7 746.5 745.6 14.7 14.9 15.0 15.0 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,983.6 8,467.2 8,485.2 8,532.5 568.9 564.1 560.9 559.8 385.0 371.9 374.0 377.7

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,626.1 4,411.3 4,441.2 4,461.4 204.1 199.6 200.0 203.6 407.9 383.9 380.9 384.2

Hawaii2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655.7 548.9 545.6 534.9 36.7 37.6 37.0 37.4 14.0 11.4 11.2 11.2

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 764.3 751.2 759.6 758.6 53.9 54.4 54.9 54.6 68.9 68.0 69.2 68.7

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,115.7 5,629.2 5,714.8 5,702.8 228.6 210.2 212.2 209.2 582.6 553.4 559.5 554.9

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,163.6 3,008.7 3,045.2 3,033.5 145.5 146.5 147.8 146.5 540.9 496.2 503.0 503.0

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,584.9 1,487.7 1,492.2 1,499.5 78.2 69.1 69.1 66.6 225.6 217.3 218.2 220.3

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,423.4 1,355.8 1,367.6 1,360.4 63.0 61.9 62.8 62.5 167.5 155.1 157.3 157.3

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,943.2 1,791.5 1,825.5 1,826.0 80.6 79.3 80.3 81.6 252.5 238.9 236.8 238.7

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,987.1 1,836.7 1,853.0 1,851.4 138.1 121.9 121.9 126.9 137.5 128.6 128.3 127.9

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637.7 575.9 582.0 586.7 30.0 29.7 29.8 30.3 53.5 44.8 43.8 48.5

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,765.9 2,567.8 2,585.5 2,603.7 165.6 169.9 169.7 170.3 113.4 106.3 105.9 107.8

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,693.8 3,242.6 3,305.1 3,342.0 163.2 142.0 141.9 143.9 243.3 230.5 230.8 232.8

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,438.1 3,939.7 3,994.7 4,013.1 174.5 170.6 171.8 174.6 627.9 558.5 561.6 566.8

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,979.0 2,725.3 2,764.2 2,779.0 130.3 118.1 120.1 121.0 323.9 302.7 305.1 307.5

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,157.6 1,117.8 1,124.4 1,131.9 44.3 40.7 41.6 41.9 146.8 143.2 143.9 145.8

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,906.4 2,763.8 2,771.5 2,784.5 127.1 131.4 129.9 132.0 277.0 269.2 267.3 268.3

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485.4 461.0 464.6 467.7 30.4 30.2 30.5 30.8 21.0 19.2 19.3 19.6

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,026.5 987.4 992.4 1,000.4 54.3 54.5 53.1 52.9 99.5 97.1 97.0 97.4

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,424.5 1,283.3 1,293.5 1,296.9 97.4 94.2 93.6 93.1 59.4 58.7 57.2 56.9

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 685.6 620.3 630.5 632.8 28.1 27.1 26.6 27.4 71.6 64.7 65.2 64.7

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,199.0 3,754.0 3,818.0 3,878.2 160.7 147.2 146.2 148.7 251.0 240.3 241.2 242.0

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 861.6 788.5 798.1 802.4 51.1 46.0 49.1 48.1 28.7 26.2 26.9 27.2

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,813.1 8,435.6 8,601.0 8,710.3 406.4 354.6 360.5 365.8 437.7 391.8 397.2 395.5

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,583.6 4,246.1 4,268.1 4,316.2 232.4 221.7 220.0 222.0 477.1 437.1 437.3 439.3

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438.9 404.7 408.3 408.9 28.2 26.2 25.8 25.9 26.5 24.7 24.6 24.6

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,591.9 5,101.7 5,146.7 5,188.2 227.1 213.7 213.1 213.4 701.0 656.1 659.7 662.8

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,705.3 1,610.5 1,622.0 1,618.9 82.9 75.0 75.5 75.6 140.3 127.3 128.0 126.5

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,944.5 1,790.5 1,806.7 1,811.8 109.7 103.8 107.3 104.7 197.8 180.2 179.1 180.0

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,068.6 5,518.4 5,578.4 5,597.8 260.7 240.4 244.9 247.3 573.4 537.7 536.1 536.8

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502.8 459.3 465.9 468.0 20.0 18.4 18.3 18.6 39.7 39.7 38.7 38.7

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,199.3 2,072.5 2,094.9 2,119.7 107.4 107.2 109.3 109.6 259.8 256.7 255.8 259.4

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441.1 419.2 423.2 428.1 24.0 26.3 26.5 26.7 44.8 42.2 41.8 41.9

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,131.6 2,963.5 2,989.0 3,000.1 129.5 127.6 126.1 126.6 355.9 323.1 324.1 325.6

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,848.8 12,112.6 12,224.5 12,265.2 783.5 736.5 741.5 745.2 909.4 867.9 868.1 870.8

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,567.6 1,532.8 1,539.6 1,552.4 111.1 119.5 119.1 117.8 137.8 134.8 135.3 135.8

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315.4 278.3 282.2 285.0 15.2 10.5 10.6 11.1 30.1 26.9 26.7 27.4

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,064.2 3,782.2 3,847.9 3,857.1 204.1 207.0 207.8 207.9 242.2 227.5 225.7 228.4

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,483.5 3,227.9 3,278.0 3,286.0 222.1 211.1 213.3 217.5 294.4 271.5 268.3 267.6

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 716.8 668.9 674.2 671.2 34.0 33.2 32.1 32.4 46.6 46.1 46.4 46.3

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,972.3 2,720.5 2,757.2 2,781.0 124.5 122.7 123.9 122.0 482.9 455.8 456.5 461.3

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290.0 269.3 270.5 273.9 22.8 22.8 22.7 22.8 10.1 10.1 10.2 10.3

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 885.9 805.5 816.0 819.1 26.6 19.5 19.2 19.6 75.6 74.4 75.1 75.2

Virgin Islands3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.7 36.7 36.2 35.9 3.9 4.0 3.7 3.5 – – – –

1

Includes mining and logging, information, and other services (except public administration), not shown separately.

2 Mining and logging is combined with construction.

3 Missing series (denoted by ’-’) are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components,

cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2019 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued

[In thousands]

State

Trade, transportation, and utilities Financial activities Professional and business services

Sept.

2019

July

2020

Aug.

2020

Sept.

2020p

Sept.

2019

July

2020

Aug.

2020

Sept.

2020p

Sept.

2019

July

2020

Aug.

2020

Sept.

2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383.2 381.1 388.6 384.5 96.9 95.9 96.0 96.6 250.4 231.1 238.2 242.0

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.5 58.8 59.1 61.2 11.6 11.8 11.9 12.2 27.5 25.4 25.3 25.1

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543.8 546.7 553.3 558.1 232.1 230.5 231.9 231.8 447.2 416.8 419.2 422.8

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251.2 254.0 257.9 258.6 62.9 60.9 60.5 60.5 144.5 141.9 145.9 143.8

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,049.7 2,821.9 2,845.0 2,875.6 844.3 837.2 838.9 838.3 2,733.5 2,554.2 2,573.4 2,589.1

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478.1 453.7 459.7 465.7 174.4 169.0 169.4 171.2 444.2 441.1 445.3 446.8

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292.2 272.3 276.0 278.0 123.8 118.7 120.1 119.4 219.2 206.5 208.0 212.3

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.7 74.2 76.6 77.3 47.8 46.2 46.2 46.0 63.9 58.2 58.4 58.4

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.5 32.0 31.8 32.1 29.8 28.4 28.5 28.4 172.1 165.5 164.8 164.2

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,810.1 1,748.7 1,755.6 1,768.5 594.6 582.4 585.9 589.2 1,400.4 1,321.8 1,326.9 1,333.2

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 945.1 933.3 952.2 952.8 251.3 244.7 246.3 247.7 717.5 676.1 683.7 691.2

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.4 105.5 105.4 103.3 29.8 27.7 27.9 27.5 73.8 66.7 66.3 66.4

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.9 147.2 148.9 149.0 37.3 39.1 39.4 39.7 97.4 97.2 96.5 96.5

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,204.2 1,143.4 1,153.9 1,161.6 412.0 401.8 402.9 403.7 945.0 866.1 874.5 862.1

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 597.4 577.2 583.3 582.5 141.2 139.0 139.0 139.1 342.9 334.3 339.5 341.5

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309.6 299.7 299.1 300.7 110.0 107.6 107.5 107.7 138.7 131.4 130.8 130.3

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267.0 263.3 266.9 266.4 77.5 75.0 74.6 74.2 178.4 172.3 172.5 172.6

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405.1 375.8 385.4 383.9 93.5 87.0 87.9 88.0 216.7 184.9 192.3 191.8

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378.3 358.6 365.2 365.2 92.5 91.2 91.5 93.4 215.8 199.1 200.5 202.9

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.6 114.1 115.5 116.3 33.1 31.6 32.0 31.4 69.4 64.0 64.7 65.4

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468.7 438.1 442.6 449.6 142.8 139.2 140.5 141.4 463.0 433.0 437.4 440.2

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 578.5 506.0 518.3 527.1 224.5 218.7 218.9 220.9 604.6 566.6 571.7 577.1

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 796.1 746.4 756.1 759.0 225.3 219.1 220.7 221.2 652.1 584.4 592.6 598.2

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528.2 512.9 516.5 518.4 193.3 186.2 186.0 187.5 382.1 364.4 368.3 373.9

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230.8 226.7 229.7 230.7 44.4 43.2 42.6 43.0 108.1 105.6 104.8 105.2

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 542.9 519.6 519.7 522.2 175.3 171.3 169.9 171.1 382.2 362.4 365.6 364.6

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.9 91.2 92.3 93.6 25.8 25.8 25.8 26.5 43.9 41.1 41.6 41.8

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.5 194.3 194.6 194.9 75.5 75.3 75.8 76.6 119.9 115.0 114.8 116.4

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262.4 233.3 237.9 244.5 69.3 68.4 69.2 68.3 196.8 170.1 170.6 175.5

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139.0 123.1 125.1 125.7 34.9 34.8 35.2 35.6 84.2 76.1 76.9 78.2

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 887.6 827.7 838.8 846.5 252.4 239.3 241.2 242.5 685.2 621.9 622.8 627.7

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.4 133.2 133.8 134.3 35.6 33.7 34.2 33.3 111.8 103.1 103.2 105.9

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,549.7 1,339.7 1,358.4 1,368.6 729.7 681.1 688.4 692.1 1,379.1 1,202.2 1,214.3 1,226.0

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 847.7 817.4 824.8 833.3 255.0 252.4 254.2 256.4 649.5 618.9 624.6 629.3

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.5 86.0 87.9 88.0 24.7 24.2 24.5 24.4 32.8 31.6 31.4 31.2

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,028.7 963.0 968.0 973.6 310.0 294.0 295.3 295.7 735.9 665.9 672.5 682.1

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302.8 289.8 294.7 294.2 79.1 79.6 79.0 79.1 194.1 175.4 179.0 179.8

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357.2 344.9 347.6 350.2 103.2 99.0 99.6 101.2 253.5 238.4 239.1 238.9

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,125.0 1,016.5 1,034.3 1,048.0 329.4 329.5 330.8 331.9 817.9 751.0 758.5 765.7

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.0 70.9 71.5 71.9 35.4 35.6 35.7 35.7 68.1 60.8 61.3 62.9

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410.3 393.3 397.7 399.2 105.6 102.6 103.2 103.8 300.9 285.6 290.2 295.1

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.5 82.1 82.4 83.1 28.9 29.0 29.1 29.0 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.3

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639.6 630.7 637.8 636.9 173.7 173.8 174.3 174.8 428.1 399.9 408.2 407.6

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,514.5 2,409.6 2,439.7 2,438.6 808.0 805.2 807.5 805.4 1,804.1 1,745.3 1,776.5 1,780.5

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291.2 293.3 295.9 298.1 90.6 93.0 92.1 93.4 225.4 217.7 217.5 220.1

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.7 50.2 50.2 51.4 12.2 11.2 11.0 11.3 29.6 27.3 28.2 28.3

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 657.8 633.3 643.9 647.4 212.9 206.8 207.3 208.9 770.2 731.2 734.9 740.3

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 644.0 628.7 638.8 639.0 161.7 159.0 160.3 160.7 438.6 430.3 438.5 442.3

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126.5 118.4 120.3 119.8 29.2 27.5 27.9 27.6 69.4 64.5 64.1 63.1

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 532.3 508.1 515.6 516.8 154.3 150.5 151.5 154.2 324.1 297.3 300.0 301.3

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.8 51.4 51.7 52.1 11.2 10.7 10.6 10.7 19.3 17.6 17.3 17.5

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175.0 156.6 158.7 160.8 44.6 43.6 43.5 44.0 124.6 109.2 110.6 110.6

Virgin Islands1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 6.3 6.3 6.3 – – – – – – – –

1 Missing series (denoted by ’-’) are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular

components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2019 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued

[In thousands]

State

Education and health services Leisure and hospitality Government

Sept.

2019

July

2020

Aug.

2020

Sept.

2020p

Sept.

2019

July

2020

Aug.

2020

Sept.

2020p

Sept.

2019

July

2020

Aug.

2020

Sept.

2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250.7 232.2 231.0 232.6 207.5 173.5 174.4 178.2 392.9 380.7 387.2 384.4

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.9 47.1 47.6 48.3 36.4 24.5 24.0 25.6 79.5 74.2 78.9 77.3

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465.3 458.3 459.4 459.8 331.4 266.9 269.4 275.3 422.9 421.2 430.4 417.7

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193.4 184.4 185.0 186.7 120.3 102.0 102.1 102.8 210.7 202.1 206.5 202.8

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,823.9 2,676.5 2,685.7 2,685.3 2,033.6 1,413.1 1,405.9 1,454.3 2,608.8 2,425.4 2,490.6 2,476.3

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348.2 331.0 337.7 339.7 347.2 270.9 282.7 290.7 458.3 423.9 434.0 426.6

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339.6 313.5 321.2 322.5 157.1 117.0 121.0 127.9 237.8 218.4 223.2 225.5

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.4 73.5 74.3 74.3 53.3 39.2 39.2 40.3 66.8 65.2 66.1 66.2

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.1 122.5 122.8 118.9 82.1 47.3 44.3 46.8 238.8 240.3 243.0 243.6

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,343.7 1,306.4 1,324.7 1,331.6 1,256.3 1,005.5 1,017.3 1,021.4 1,127.1 1,114.8 1,084.7 1,095.9

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 614.2 607.3 608.5 609.4 505.1 420.4 423.3 432.7 690.6 682.1 679.0 671.2

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.1 83.1 83.4 82.5 126.7 60.8 57.7 53.6 127.4 123.3 123.7 120.3

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.3 107.9 107.3 107.2 83.7 74.3 78.3 80.1 127.4 126.3 127.8 125.6

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 938.7 892.1 899.4 892.1 619.9 461.3 479.8 489.1 826.3 773.0 801.6 793.1

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482.4 460.5 465.3 461.3 313.6 289.3 293.5 294.3 430.8 410.4 417.6 410.4

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235.2 225.2 224.9 224.7 144.3 113.1 114.5 118.6 261.2 249.6 252.7 255.1

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202.2 194.8 195.9 197.1 130.2 113.0 113.1 113.3 260.6 249.4 253.6 247.3

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284.0 272.6 275.2 274.6 201.8 181.8 181.6 187.0 311.9 281.8 295.4 289.6

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322.2 300.1 300.5 297.0 237.2 189.2 194.7 192.8 332.5 328.5 331.6 327.1

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130.3 118.7 120.1 119.9 69.5 47.2 48.6 50.7 101.8 98.3 98.7 95.5

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473.7 434.3 436.3 439.4 279.9 211.8 216.3 232.0 507.2 499.3 497.5 483.3

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 813.1 735.0 749.3 760.4 377.1 218.2 231.7 242.5 456.9 431.3 446.5 434.2

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 683.0 617.6 625.4 626.3 434.4 270.2 279.3 289.7 616.2 571.9 584.8 572.7

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 552.8 507.5 514.8 520.9 274.1 194.5 202.7 204.3 426.5 393.0 403.5 397.3

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146.9 139.8 139.4 139.5 136.0 127.6 129.2 133.2 242.7 235.3 237.4 236.8

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487.0 466.0 464.3 464.0 308.2 249.3 255.8 257.3 438.1 433.6 436.6 441.2

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.2 77.5 77.3 76.4 67.0 56.2 56.8 58.0 91.2 89.5 90.7 90.8

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156.9 157.0 157.0 159.2 93.7 76.4 79.6 80.9 173.4 166.3 168.6 169.3

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.8 135.9 138.5 140.3 356.1 301.4 300.7 298.6 166.0 156.9 159.2 151.7

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125.5 121.2 122.1 120.6 73.0 49.4 52.3 56.5 90.4 85.4 88.0 84.6

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 718.7 648.8 660.4 664.2 392.2 259.6 270.9 289.7 608.1 556.0 578.1 595.7

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141.8 136.4 138.0 135.1 100.0 73.5 71.9 75.4 189.7 183.0 188.0 187.7

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,159.4 1,993.6 2,008.5 2,004.4 958.9 531.0 562.3 600.7 1,492.2 1,333.3 1,390.9 1,424.9

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 629.7 584.5 586.8 587.2 514.9 386.6 387.8 399.9 735.7 697.3 701.9 715.0

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.0 64.8 65.9 66.1 40.5 33.6 34.8 34.1 83.1 80.2 81.1 82.8

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 939.6 888.0 902.2 905.0 568.0 421.0 424.6 437.0 787.5 724.5 733.2 736.3

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239.3 232.1 234.0 233.4 174.6 163.8 164.2 164.4 355.8 346.1 347.5 346.9

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302.8 290.7 290.8 291.0 214.0 154.3 158.0 160.6 299.8 281.3 287.2 286.5

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,298.0 1,220.4 1,235.0 1,226.0 577.6 411.5 414.2 430.3 708.8 693.8 699.6 682.8

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108.4 102.5 105.2 105.0 60.0 44.8 46.8 46.8 65.2 63.2 64.4 63.7

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259.3 247.5 244.3 245.1 271.5 212.9 216.5 224.7 373.0 355.6 366.3 363.7

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.7 70.4 71.1 71.3 47.3 41.8 40.4 42.1 80.2 73.2 77.2 79.0

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443.8 430.4 432.1 433.6 351.0 297.5 293.4 302.7 438.0 418.3 428.0 426.7

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,746.7 1,678.0 1,676.4 1,678.9 1,396.9 1,146.2 1,148.3 1,171.9 1,982.3 1,929.5 1,959.9 1,965.3

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210.9 202.1 206.3 205.1 154.2 125.1 129.4 131.8 254.5 256.3 252.9 256.8

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.4 61.8 62.7 61.9 37.1 20.4 21.4 24.0 56.9 56.2 57.0 55.5

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557.4 517.2 518.8 518.9 408.1 318.6 326.3 331.7 732.7 677.0 717.4 705.8

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505.9 478.1 479.3 481.5 349.4 242.6 248.7 258.2 587.7 554.3 577.0 562.3

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.1 125.1 124.7 125.1 75.1 59.1 60.2 61.9 152.7 145.3 148.7 145.5

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464.3 443.7 444.5 438.6 282.1 203.0 208.0 217.3 404.5 364.3 381.5 391.6

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.7 28.2 28.5 28.8 37.0 28.5 29.8 31.2 68.8 67.7 68.0 67.8

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121.1 115.1 113.9 112.4 81.3 59.2 57.9 59.3 202.6 195.3 204.6 204.5

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 5.6 4.7 4.7 4.4 10.5 11.0 10.9 10.9

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2019 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

State

Total Mining and logging Construction

August September August September August September

2019 2020 2019 2020p2019 2020 2019 2020p2019 2020 2019 2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,076.8 1,993.7 2,073.8 2,003.0 10.3 9.7 10.2 9.8 94.9 93.5 95.1 94.4

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351.6 312.5 342.6 309.8 13.9 12.4 13.6 12.4 19.2 16.8 18.4 16.7

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,936.4 2,832.5 2,953.4 2,862.7 13.7 13.5 13.6 13.2 173.1 169.9 173.2 169.9

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,265.8 1,219.2 1,279.2 1,232.4 6.0 5.2 6.0 5.1 53.6 54.4 53.6 54.7

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,423.9 15,807.8 17,438.7 15,967.6 23.1 22.0 23.0 21.9 910.6 860.8 905.2 860.0

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,815.1 2,664.8 2,798.3 2,669.3 29.2 23.5 28.5 23.6 184.9 178.7 182.9 175.4

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,672.3 1,558.3 1,692.0 1,588.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 62.7 60.9 62.1 59.6

Delaware1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469.2 427.8 466.6 429.1 – – – – 23.3 21.9 23.0 21.5

District of Columbia1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 793.7 741.0 797.8 743.7 – – – – 15.1 15.3 14.8 15.1

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,937.0 8,438.3 8,923.1 8,482.9 5.7 5.6 5.7 5.6 569.1 565.2 569.1 561.3

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,624.3 4,437.1 4,619.8 4,456.2 9.4 8.9 9.3 8.9 205.3 201.8 204.7 203.9

Hawaii1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 646.2 538.4 653.9 533.5 – – – – 37.2 37.2 37.1 37.5

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 767.6 765.2 768.8 764.7 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.2 56.4 57.9 55.4 56.8

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,143.2 5,723.7 6,149.1 5,731.8 8.3 7.1 8.4 7.0 243.7 229.5 241.9 224.4

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,167.2 3,045.3 3,184.1 3,053.0 6.1 5.5 6.1 5.4 151.0 153.5 150.6 149.8

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,580.1 1,488.0 1,591.2 1,502.2 2.6 2.3 2.6 2.2 85.5 75.7 83.5 71.3

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,418.5 1,357.4 1,427.2 1,364.6 6.9 6.0 6.8 6.0 65.4 66.3 64.5 64.6

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,941.1 1,821.6 1,949.0 1,833.8 9.8 7.6 9.6 7.5 84.0 82.9 83.3 84.6

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,979.3 1,842.5 1,981.1 1,849.4 37.2 29.3 36.6 28.7 139.1 122.4 138.2 127.3

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 652.0 593.9 648.6 597.4 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.2 31.7 32.3 31.3 32.2

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,770.6 2,587.1 2,768.1 2,604.5 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 169.6 174.1 168.0 173.3

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,708.2 3,323.4 3,701.9 3,356.3 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.9 170.2 151.9 168.4 150.2

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,437.9 3,983.2 4,454.4 4,032.2 7.7 6.6 7.6 6.6 185.6 184.3 183.7 182.5

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,005.1 2,784.7 2,992.2 2,788.5 7.0 5.8 6.8 5.8 143.1 135.2 140.9 131.4

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,157.2 1,122.8 1,160.8 1,132.2 6.7 6.1 6.7 6.1 44.8 42.4 44.7 42.7

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,897.5 2,758.7 2,914.3 2,795.3 4.5 4.2 4.5 4.1 131.7 135.5 130.3 137.0

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493.6 473.6 489.8 473.4 7.7 7.1 7.7 7.2 33.0 33.7 31.8 33.3

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,028.6 992.6 1,029.8 1,002.6 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.0 56.6 55.7 56.1 54.6

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,421.1 1,292.4 1,428.2 1,302.2 14.9 16.2 14.7 17.1 98.3 95.2 98.5 94.4

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 685.1 629.5 686.5 634.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 29.3 28.0 29.1 28.4

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,195.6 3,812.1 4,201.0 3,873.1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 165.8 152.8 164.8 153.6

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 861.3 797.9 862.6 805.8 26.4 18.7 25.9 19.0 51.4 48.9 51.0 48.2

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,767.8 8,579.6 9,777.6 8,704.4 5.6 4.8 5.6 4.6 423.7 382.5 418.7 380.5

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,579.1 4,267.7 4,585.5 4,321.3 5.9 5.6 5.7 5.5 234.2 223.2 233.5 223.4

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439.6 409.2 443.6 413.3 21.8 13.2 21.4 12.8 32.3 29.7 31.5 28.7

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,616.4 5,171.7 5,601.2 5,205.0 12.1 10.0 11.9 10.0 239.4 228.3 237.6 223.7

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,693.5 1,615.0 1,710.9 1,623.2 47.4 33.8 46.2 33.7 84.3 76.9 84.5 76.8

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,940.2 1,803.5 1,945.3 1,813.5 7.1 6.2 7.0 6.2 114.5 112.6 112.4 108.4

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,049.2 5,547.6 6,092.0 5,615.2 29.2 24.8 28.3 24.8 274.9 258.5 272.2 257.0

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503.9 466.8 508.8 473.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 21.0 19.6 20.9 19.5

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,196.8 2,096.0 2,191.6 2,115.2 4.5 4.3 4.5 4.2 107.9 109.4 107.5 109.4

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446.6 428.9 444.8 430.8 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 26.1 28.6 25.5 28.2

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,125.6 2,978.9 3,145.0 3,011.1 4.5 4.0 4.6 3.9 132.5 126.7 131.9 127.7

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,807.5 12,181.6 12,818.3 12,236.0 249.5 189.8 245.8 191.2 783.9 745.9 783.5 746.9

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,559.3 1,534.6 1,574.4 1,559.6 9.6 8.5 9.5 8.4 113.7 122.0 112.8 120.3

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313.7 280.1 316.6 285.1 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 16.6 12.3 16.3 12.4

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,064.6 3,843.6 4,060.7 3,856.1 7.8 7.1 7.8 7.1 207.9 211.9 205.9 210.3

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,492.9 3,283.0 3,494.4 3,293.5 5.9 5.2 5.9 5.3 228.2 221.1 226.6 221.4

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 720.5 670.6 721.8 675.0 22.4 19.6 22.1 18.9 38.4 34.1 37.5 34.5

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,997.5 2,767.7 2,978.6 2,785.9 4.4 3.8 4.3 3.7 133.9 133.5 130.9 129.4

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297.9 277.9 295.5 278.9 20.7 14.7 20.6 15.0 25.3 24.8 24.2 24.2

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 870.9 809.5 880.9 814.8 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.4 26.4 19.3 26.6 19.8

Virgin Islands1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.5 35.9 37.4 35.8 – – – – 4.0 3.7 4.0 3.6

1 Mining and logging is combined with construction.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2019 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Manufacturing Trade, transportation, and utilities Information

August September August September August September

2019 2020 2019 2020p

2019 2020 2019 2020p2019 2020 2019 2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268.7 266.3 268.0 264.8 381.4 385.7 380.9 382.2 21.0 18.8 20.6 19.0

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.1 14.0 15.8 10.1 69.5 64.2 67.3 63.8 5.3 5.0 5.3 5.0

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179.0 171.6 178.5 171.2 537.4 548.5 538.5 553.4 49.4 45.2 48.5 45.4

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162.1 144.3 161.5 145.5 251.0 258.4 251.1 257.5 11.2 10.5 11.1 10.6

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,336.8 1,233.0 1,332.0 1,233.0 3,053.1 2,837.9 3,039.2 2,866.1 564.4 520.5 569.4 516.0

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151.0 151.6 150.4 152.2 478.5 461.5 475.1 462.6 76.3 73.0 75.8 72.7

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162.8 155.2 161.6 155.9 286.6 271.8 290.3 276.0 31.9 29.1 31.4 29.6

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.3 25.0 27.2 25.0 80.6 76.7 80.1 77.1 3.9 3.4 3.9 3.4

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.2 33.0 31.7 33.4 31.8 20.1 18.7 20.2 18.8

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385.1 374.2 384.1 376.4 1,789.7 1,743.7 1,785.6 1,746.2 138.4 125.7 137.0 126.6

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407.9 381.7 407.8 384.6 937.3 945.6 938.1 945.4 120.0 103.8 116.3 104.1

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.0 11.2 14.0 11.3 123.1 105.5 122.8 103.3 9.2 7.5 8.7 7.6

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.3 69.8 69.0 69.5 146.0 150.4 145.4 149.7 9.1 8.1 9.0 7.7

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 586.3 559.9 582.5 555.2 1,205.3 1,153.5 1,198.8 1,155.3 95.9 86.6 94.5 87.7

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 542.7 504.4 539.8 501.9 597.7 584.0 595.7 581.9 28.6 25.7 28.3 25.4

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227.0 219.7 225.3 219.8 309.6 299.7 307.7 298.8 21.2 19.8 20.8 19.3

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168.3 157.0 167.5 157.4 267.3 266.7 265.7 265.3 18.1 16.2 17.9 16.0

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252.8 236.0 251.9 238.7 403.1 385.0 402.0 383.2 21.6 17.7 21.4 17.8

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137.5 128.7 137.1 128.5 377.8 364.7 375.7 363.1 22.1 19.0 21.0 19.0

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.4 44.8 53.8 48.7 121.9 118.7 119.3 117.3 7.2 6.0 7.1 6.1

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114.2 106.3 113.3 107.8 467.8 441.8 466.7 447.7 35.7 29.4 35.3 29.7

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244.8 232.5 242.6 232.5 581.0 522.2 576.0 524.9 96.0 91.0 92.4 90.4

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 631.5 565.2 627.2 566.4 800.4 761.0 793.6 757.5 55.6 50.1 54.8 50.4

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328.8 310.5 325.1 309.6 530.8 518.8 525.0 517.1 47.7 40.1 46.8 40.5

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146.6 143.8 146.3 145.0 229.7 229.1 229.4 229.3 10.5 9.0 10.5 9.2

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278.6 268.2 277.1 268.9 542.6 519.7 540.3 520.6 47.9 42.8 47.4 42.9

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.3 19.6 21.1 19.8 94.8 92.7 93.9 93.1 6.2 5.3 6.2 5.2

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.9 97.5 99.6 97.7 198.3 194.4 196.2 193.3 17.2 15.6 17.1 16.0

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.6 57.5 59.5 57.1 261.5 237.0 261.6 243.1 15.6 13.6 15.5 13.5

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.8 65.8 71.2 64.9 140.3 126.7 138.2 124.4 12.5 11.7 12.2 11.4

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251.9 243.2 251.0 242.0 882.6 833.0 882.1 841.9 69.2 63.4 67.6 63.2

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.0 27.4 29.1 27.6 136.7 133.8 135.8 134.0 11.2 9.7 11.3 9.9

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441.1 399.6 438.6 396.3 1,534.3 1,347.3 1,542.2 1,364.7 282.7 266.0 279.5 266.5

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478.7 438.4 477.3 440.1 847.4 826.4 842.1 829.2 75.9 70.6 75.7 70.2

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.7 24.8 26.7 24.8 93.8 88.1 93.3 87.9 6.1 5.5 6.1 5.6

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 703.5 661.8 698.3 660.7 1,027.3 968.7 1,021.5 967.3 69.2 65.4 68.5 66.3

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140.7 127.6 140.1 126.8 299.9 294.5 302.3 293.5 19.5 18.9 19.4 18.8

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200.9 183.2 198.7 182.0 357.7 349.7 358.2 350.8 35.4 30.9 34.9 31.7

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 576.3 537.5 572.3 536.0 1,116.3 1,022.3 1,120.1 1,044.8 88.2 74.3 87.0 74.8

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.9 38.7 39.7 38.8 76.4 71.9 77.1 71.9 6.1 5.2 5.8 5.3

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259.6 256.1 258.7 258.7 408.2 397.3 405.6 396.8 27.0 25.6 26.3 25.7

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.1 41.9 44.8 42.0 87.1 83.5 85.2 82.6 5.5 5.3 5.5 5.2

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356.5 324.6 356.0 326.4 637.1 635.6 637.0 633.2 45.5 42.9 45.5 43.4

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 911.8 871.7 909.0 871.7 2,512.1 2,432.3 2,504.3 2,427.3 209.6 195.7 207.5 197.0

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137.8 136.5 137.5 135.8 291.1 296.0 290.4 297.3 40.6 39.2 40.2 39.3

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.4 26.9 30.2 27.5 53.8 50.5 53.3 50.9 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.0

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243.7 226.6 242.6 228.6 657.9 643.6 653.9 644.0 69.1 65.4 68.0 65.8

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297.5 271.3 296.9 271.2 650.2 642.7 647.1 639.7 149.5 143.2 148.0 143.9

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.9 46.2 46.7 46.3 125.9 119.5 126.1 119.3 8.0 7.3 8.0 7.4

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490.6 463.5 482.9 461.8 536.3 519.1 529.8 516.5 47.3 40.1 46.7 40.0

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.2 10.3 10.2 10.4 53.0 52.9 52.2 52.3 3.4 2.9 3.4 2.9

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.8 74.8 75.4 75.2 171.2 157.4 172.1 158.8 16.2 15.4 16.2 15.4

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 6.8 6.2 6.8 6.3 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2019 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Financial activities Professional and business services Education and health services

August September August September August September

2019 2020 2019 2020p

2019 2020 2019 2020p2019 2020 2019 2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.2 96.1 97.6 96.6 253.1 239.2 248.8 243.7 250.7 230.6 252.3 233.0

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 12.3 11.6 12.2 29.4 26.8 28.3 26.2 50.6 47.2 50.5 47.8

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231.5 231.2 231.6 231.8 445.7 416.7 445.5 421.2 462.7 456.6 466.3 458.6

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.3 61.1 62.6 61.0 143.6 145.0 145.1 144.9 191.5 182.6 194.5 187.7

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 847.7 840.3 841.0 837.5 2,751.0 2,582.0 2,734.7 2,596.8 2,792.1 2,653.4 2,805.9 2,674.6

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174.9 172.2 173.7 171.6 451.2 451.0 446.2 449.7 347.7 335.2 346.7 337.8

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125.0 120.5 123.6 119.0 222.2 209.8 220.2 213.7 330.9 315.6 339.7 321.4

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.8 46.4 47.5 46.0 64.7 58.0 63.4 57.7 80.6 73.7 81.0 74.2

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.1 28.8 29.7 28.5 171.2 164.8 171.1 162.8 125.7 118.0 128.9 118.6

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 594.2 585.1 592.0 587.1 1,399.4 1,320.5 1,390.8 1,326.5 1,337.7 1,312.8 1,341.3 1,326.6

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253.8 246.3 251.1 247.9 716.8 685.1 716.0 690.2 609.6 605.8 616.1 611.1

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.8 27.9 29.8 27.5 74.2 66.3 73.6 66.1 86.2 82.8 87.4 82.6

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.4 39.7 37.2 39.8 99.5 98.6 98.2 97.7 109.2 104.4 109.7 106.4

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417.0 405.1 411.8 403.1 965.3 891.0 956.1 875.8 927.7 882.6 937.2 886.9

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142.8 141.1 141.3 139.6 349.2 344.1 345.5 343.9 475.4 457.2 485.7 461.9

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110.9 108.4 109.7 107.4 141.4 132.7 139.5 130.7 226.6 217.6 235.6 224.4

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.2 75.1 77.4 74.2 181.3 173.7 179.5 173.3 201.2 194.0 201.6 195.8

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.2 88.5 93.8 88.6 216.8 192.0 217.6 191.2 282.8 272.7 284.6 274.9

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.6 91.8 92.4 93.4 215.3 200.0 214.3 202.6 321.8 300.0 322.1 296.9

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.7 32.5 33.2 31.6 71.3 66.2 70.0 66.0 127.8 117.8 130.6 119.7

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.7 141.7 143.0 141.1 470.0 442.3 463.8 442.1 469.6 429.7 471.3 437.0

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228.6 222.5 224.1 221.2 616.0 582.8 606.5 581.5 797.5 738.0 807.2 757.1

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227.9 223.4 225.1 220.8 647.9 584.5 651.0 598.1 677.6 615.3 679.5 624.2

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195.7 187.9 193.0 188.2 390.3 374.9 383.8 374.0 546.1 512.1 552.8 518.8

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.7 42.8 44.4 42.9 108.6 105.1 107.9 105.3 147.2 138.3 148.0 139.7

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177.0 171.4 175.1 171.4 385.2 366.5 383.0 365.3 484.5 461.5 485.1 463.4

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.2 26.1 25.9 26.4 45.5 43.1 44.4 42.3 78.4 76.5 78.7 76.2

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.6 76.2 75.4 76.6 120.9 115.7 121.0 117.3 156.5 156.5 157.0 158.8

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.4 69.3 69.3 68.0 196.5 171.5 196.5 175.3 145.2 138.7 144.7 141.0

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.4 35.9 34.8 35.9 85.5 79.3 84.6 78.6 118.9 115.6 124.7 120.1

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255.8 244.6 252.6 244.0 688.1 630.9 690.3 630.2 699.4 645.0 715.7 658.2

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.7 34.1 35.3 33.2 112.2 105.5 111.6 107.1 140.1 135.5 142.2 134.7

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 740.8 696.6 727.1 691.7 1,393.8 1,226.4 1,378.3 1,229.9 2,067.1 1,937.4 2,125.7 1,985.6

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257.6 257.2 255.4 257.3 658.0 629.9 651.2 632.0 627.6 582.0 626.5 587.1

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.8 24.6 24.6 24.2 34.1 32.5 33.4 31.6 66.6 65.7 66.9 65.8

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312.1 298.3 309.3 296.2 745.5 683.3 737.7 686.2 935.8 890.3 939.5 903.9

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.5 79.5 79.1 78.8 196.0 182.3 194.9 181.9 238.6 232.2 240.2 234.3

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105.0 100.1 103.6 101.3 257.3 242.6 255.0 240.6 296.6 285.5 302.2 290.7

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332.9 332.8 329.1 331.9 822.0 764.4 820.4 770.2 1,262.4 1,200.3 1,301.0 1,223.1

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.5 35.9 35.4 35.7 69.4 62.7 68.8 64.1 104.5 100.8 108.6 104.3

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.5 104.5 105.3 103.9 298.0 289.7 298.0 294.0 258.7 243.4 259.0 246.1

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.2 29.3 28.9 28.9 33.8 33.7 33.3 33.2 73.2 70.4 73.5 70.8

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174.1 174.8 173.9 175.3 430.7 409.7 429.9 410.0 440.5 427.6 445.8 436.1

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 810.4 810.8 808.5 807.1 1,814.0 1,787.3 1,803.4 1,784.5 1,748.0 1,673.3 1,748.0 1,677.9

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.8 93.3 90.7 93.6 227.9 221.5 226.9 222.4 205.0 201.6 211.6 206.4

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5 11.3 12.3 11.5 30.6 29.2 30.0 28.8 63.6 60.4 64.9 61.3

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214.2 208.8 212.5 208.9 775.2 744.1 766.6 739.5 550.0 513.8 559.0 520.3

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.2 161.4 162.3 161.1 444.7 445.4 443.4 447.6 498.1 471.4 502.6 478.4

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.4 27.7 29.3 27.6 70.3 64.7 69.7 63.3 128.8 123.5 129.5 125.7

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156.3 153.1 154.4 153.4 330.5 303.4 325.2 303.7 461.0 439.0 463.5 437.0

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 10.7 11.2 10.7 20.2 17.7 19.7 17.8 28.1 28.3 28.7 28.8

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.8 43.5 44.4 43.9 122.9 109.6 122.9 109.6 116.1 111.9 121.4 111.7

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.1

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2019 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Leisure and hospitality Other services Government

August September August September August September

2019 2020 2019 2020p

2019 2020 2019 2020p2019 2020 2019 2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213.1 179.2 208.1 178.7 99.3 95.6 99.3 95.7 387.1 379.0 392.9 385.1

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.2 29.1 40.6 28.2 11.2 9.5 11.1 9.6 75.9 75.2 80.1 77.8

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327.3 265.2 328.2 272.2 94.5 95.3 94.7 96.2 422.1 418.8 434.8 429.6

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.5 104.9 121.2 104.2 59.6 56.4 59.5 56.1 200.4 196.4 213.0 205.1

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,063.3 1,423.6 2,038.4 1,454.8 581.0 452.2 577.9 463.3 2,500.8 2,382.1 2,572.0 2,443.6

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361.0 296.0 346.0 289.2 114.8 104.0 113.5 104.5 445.6 418.1 459.5 430.0

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165.7 129.6 158.7 129.3 66.1 58.3 64.6 56.6 217.8 206.9 239.2 227.0

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.7 44.1 54.9 41.9 18.9 16.3 18.6 16.4 63.4 62.3 67.0 65.9

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.4 44.3 82.7 47.1 77.8 76.7 77.3 76.5 238.0 241.5 238.3 243.3

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,246.2 1,008.4 1,230.5 1,001.1 352.0 320.2 351.0 320.7 1,119.5 1,076.9 1,136.0 1,104.8

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509.5 429.2 502.8 430.7 167.0 156.1 164.5 155.5 687.7 672.8 693.1 673.9

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127.2 58.5 126.4 53.3 28.2 25.3 28.2 25.2 117.1 116.2 125.9 119.1

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.8 85.5 85.8 82.0 27.2 25.7 26.8 25.5 119.6 120.9 128.3 125.4

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 649.0 503.2 627.6 495.2 256.5 239.5 253.8 240.5 788.2 765.7 836.5 800.7

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322.4 302.9 317.3 298.3 134.6 125.6 134.0 123.5 416.7 401.3 439.8 421.4

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152.1 122.2 146.3 119.5 59.3 53.9 58.6 53.6 243.9 236.0 261.6 255.2

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133.9 116.2 130.7 113.6 52.2 48.4 52.1 47.9 245.7 237.8 263.5 250.5

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207.4 187.6 203.7 189.3 66.4 65.6 66.0 65.2 302.2 286.0 315.1 292.8

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238.4 194.0 236.9 191.3 74.3 71.1 73.9 70.8 323.2 321.5 332.9 327.8

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.4 63.0 75.9 56.2 22.8 21.3 22.2 20.7 91.5 89.1 102.9 96.7

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300.3 237.8 284.8 236.7 116.0 109.6 114.7 108.4 481.4 473.2 505.9 479.5

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411.0 266.3 387.0 251.8 145.2 109.8 137.5 110.5 416.8 405.5 459.1 435.3

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461.1 301.2 442.0 296.1 168.4 147.9 165.9 147.6 574.2 543.7 624.0 582.0

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297.2 218.5 281.9 210.2 116.5 102.6 114.0 101.7 401.9 378.3 422.1 391.2

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138.9 130.9 137.2 133.4 40.4 40.8 40.4 40.2 239.1 234.5 245.3 238.4

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322.5 267.2 312.9 260.6 117.7 117.4 116.4 116.7 405.3 404.3 442.2 444.4

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.6 64.1 69.3 60.6 19.4 18.4 19.1 17.9 87.5 87.0 91.7 91.4

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.8 83.2 95.1 82.2 37.7 35.6 37.6 35.9 167.0 161.3 173.6 169.2

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358.3 304.7 357.1 300.7 42.4 37.3 42.0 37.9 159.4 151.4 168.8 154.1

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.0 62.0 74.1 57.6 26.6 26.7 25.5 26.5 80.8 76.8 91.1 85.6

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433.7 300.0 405.7 298.4 176.7 157.2 173.2 156.0 570.9 540.5 596.5 584.1

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102.7 74.2 100.1 75.6 29.9 26.0 28.8 26.3 186.0 184.1 191.5 190.2

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,009.5 609.0 975.9 618.8 415.4 356.0 412.6 359.9 1,453.8 1,354.0 1,473.4 1,405.9

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535.3 405.2 516.6 400.2 160.7 156.9 159.5 156.4 697.8 672.3 742.0 719.9

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.6 36.0 41.0 34.9 15.4 14.0 15.3 13.9 76.4 75.1 83.4 83.1

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 597.9 454.6 577.0 446.8 215.1 204.4 212.6 205.3 758.5 706.6 787.3 738.6

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177.2 167.0 176.9 165.1 70.7 68.1 70.7 66.7 339.7 334.2 356.6 346.8

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224.1 166.1 218.7 163.9 65.2 61.2 64.7 60.3 276.4 265.4 289.9 277.6

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613.7 441.8 584.2 435.3 265.6 230.1 261.7 228.3 667.7 660.8 715.7 689.0

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.1 52.3 62.9 49.8 23.8 19.3 22.9 19.1 60.9 60.1 66.4 64.5

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282.7 226.2 272.5 223.3 80.4 83.3 80.0 88.8 363.3 356.2 374.2 364.3

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.6 46.4 49.2 43.7 17.1 15.5 16.9 15.5 75.8 73.1 80.9 79.6

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360.4 303.2 353.8 303.7 122.1 118.4 122.0 117.9 421.7 411.4 444.6 433.5

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,417.6 1,170.6 1,399.0 1,169.1 449.9 424.3 446.5 418.9 1,900.7 1,879.9 1,962.8 1,944.4

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158.3 132.6 155.0 130.7 43.6 44.9 42.4 45.7 239.9 238.5 257.4 259.7

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.6 23.4 36.6 22.6 10.5 9.7 10.3 9.4 51.9 51.5 57.6 55.9

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427.6 341.6 409.2 335.4 204.6 194.6 201.8 193.7 706.6 686.1 733.4 702.5

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363.4 262.2 357.5 265.5 130.2 111.0 127.8 108.7 562.0 548.1 576.3 550.7

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.7 63.0 76.0 63.1 24.4 23.2 24.2 23.2 148.3 141.8 152.7 145.7

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307.1 230.8 288.8 222.0 154.0 132.9 152.2 133.6 376.1 348.5 399.9 384.8

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.7 36.4 39.7 34.1 16.4 14.2 16.3 14.7 66.6 65.0 69.3 68.0

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.3 57.9 80.9 59.0 18.1 16.7 18.2 16.8 199.6 202.6 202.2 204.2

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 4.5 5.2 4.3 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 10.6 10.9 10.5 10.9

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2019 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
TEXAS

N.M.

CALIF.

NEV.

MONT.

ARIZ.

ORE.

S.D.

WYO.

KAN. MO.

N.D.

COLO.

NEB.

GA.

UTAH ILL.

MINN.

LA.

PA.

IDAHO

FLA.

N.Y

KY.

WIS.

N.C.

VA.

OKLA.

ALA.

ARK.

IOWA

WASH.

MISS.

IND.

OHIO

S.C.

MICH.

TENN.

W.VA.

MD.

Map 1. Unemployment rates by state, seasonally September 2020

(U.S. rate = 7.9 percent)

HAWAII

ALASKA
WASH.

ORE.

CALIF.

IDAHO

NEV.

ARIZ.

MONT.

WYO.

COLO.

N.M.

N.D.

S.D.

NEB.

KAN.

OKLA.

TEXAS

MINN.

IOWA

MO.

ARK.

LA.

WIS.

ILL.

MICH.

IND. OHIO

KY.

TENN.

MISS. ALA. GA.

S.C.

N.C.

VA.

W.VA.

PA.

N.Y.

MAINE

N.H.

VT.

MASS.

R.I.

N.J.

CONN.

DEL.

FLA.

MD. UTAH

ALASKA

HAWAII

D.C.

Above -4.0%

-6.0% to -4.0%

-8.0% to -6.1%

-10.0% to -8.1%

Below -10.0%

Map 2. Percentage change in nonfarm employment by state,

seasonally adjusted, September 2019 - September 2020