For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Friday, April 19, 2024 USDL-24-0701 

Technical information: 

 Employment: (202) 691-6559 • sminfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/sae 

 Unemployment: (202) 691-6392 • lausinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/lau 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

STATE EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT — MARCH 2024 

Unemployment rates were lower in March in 6 states, higher in 1 state, and stable in 43 states 

and the District of Columbia, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Twenty-nine 

states had jobless rate increases from a year earlier, 1 state had a decrease, and 20 states and the 

District had little change. The national unemployment rate changed little at 3.8 percent but was 

0.3 percentage point higher than in March 2023. 

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 5 states and was essentially unchanged in 45 states 

and the District of Columbia in March 2024. Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment 

increased in 31 states and was essentially unchanged in 19 states and the District.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly programs. The civilian labor force and 

unemployment data are modeled based largely on a survey of households. These data pertain to 

individuals by where they reside. The employment data are from an establishment survey that 

measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. These data pertain to jobs on 

payrolls defined by where the establishments are located. For more information about the 

concepts and statistical methodologies used by these two programs, see the Technical Note.

Unemployment

North Dakota had the lowest jobless rate in March, 2.0 percent, closely followed by South 

Dakota, 2.1 percent, and Vermont, 2.2 percent. The rate in Mississippi, 3.0 percent, set a new 

series low. (All state series begin in 1976.) California had the highest unemployment rate, 5.3 

percent, closely followed by the District of Columbia, 5.2 percent. In total, 23 states had 

unemployment rates lower than the U.S. figure of 3.8 percent, 5 states and the District had higher 

rates, and 22 states had rates that were not appreciably different from that of the nation. (See 

tables A and 1 and map 1.) 

In March, six states had over-the-month unemployment rate decreases, the largest of which was 

in Arizona (-0.3 percentage point). Florida had the only rate increase (+0.1 percentage point). 

Forty-three states and the District of Columbia had jobless rates that were not notably different 
-2- 

from those of a month earlier, though some had changes that were at least as large numerically as 

the significant changes. (See table B.)

Twenty-nine states had unemployment rate increases from March 2023, the largest of which was 

in Rhode Island (+1.3 percentage points). Massachusetts had the only over-the-year rate decrease 

(-0.6 percentage point). Twenty states and the District of Columbia had jobless rates that were 

not notably different from those of a year earlier. (See table C.)

Nonfarm Payroll Employment 

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 5 states and was essentially unchanged in 45 states 

and the District of Columbia in March 2024. Job gains occurred in Virginia (+16,500, or +0.4 

percent), Georgia (+16,200, or +0.3 percent), Kentucky (+9,400, or +0.5 percent), Arkansas 

(+6,500, or +0.5 percent), and Kansas (+6,400, or +0.4 percent). (See tables D and 3.)

Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment increased in 31 states and was essentially unchanged 

in 19 states and the District of Columbia. The largest job gains occurred in Texas (+270,700), 

California (+217,700), and Florida (+211,100). The largest percentage increases occurred in 

Idaho (+3.7 percent), Nevada (+3.4 percent), and Alaska (+3.2 percent). (See table E and map 2.) 

_____________ 

The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment news release for March is 

scheduled to be released on Wednesday, May 1, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). The State 

Employment and Unemployment news release for April is scheduled to be released on 

Friday, May 17, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). 
-3- 

State Rate p

United States 1 ................................................ 3.8

Alabama ............................................................. 3.0

California ............................................................ 5.3

District of Columbia ............................................. 5.2

Florida ................................................................ 3.2

Georgia .............................................................. 3.1

Hawaii ................................................................ 3.1

Illinois ................................................................. 4.8

Iowa .................................................................. 2.9

Kansas ............................................................... 2.7

Maryland ............................................................ 2.5

Massachusetts .................................................... 2.9

Minnesota ........................................................... 2.7

Mississippi .......................................................... 3.0

Montana ............................................................. 3.3

Nebraska ............................................................ 2.5

Nevada ............................................................... 5.1

New Hampshire ................................................... 2.6

New Jersey ........................................................ 4.8

North Dakota ...................................................... 2.0

Pennsylvania ....................................................... 3.4

South Carolina .................................................... 3.1

South Dakota ...................................................... 2.1

Tennessee .......................................................... 3.2

Utah ................................................................... 2.8

Vermont ............................................................. 2.2

Virginia ............................................................... 2.9

Washington ......................................................... 4.8

Wisconsin ........................................................... 3.0

Wyoming ............................................................ 2.8

1

 Data are not preliminary.

p

 = preliminary.

Table A. States with unemployment rates significantly different from that

of the U.S., March 2024, seasonally adjusted
-4- 

Table B. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from February 2024

to March 2024, seasonally adjusted

February 2024 March 2024 p

Arizona ........................................ 4.1 3.8 -0.3

Florida ......................................... 3.1 3.2 .1

Maine .......................................... 3.4 3.3 -.1

Montana ....................................... 3.4 3.3 -.1

New York ..................................... 4.4 4.3 -.1

Vermont ....................................... 2.3 2.2 -.1

Virginia ......................................... 3.0 2.9 -.1

p

 = preliminary.

State

Rate Over-the-month 

change p
-5- 

Table C. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from March 2023

to March 2024, seasonally adjusted

March 2023 March 2024 p

Alabama ...................................... 2.3 3.0 0.7

Alaska ......................................... 3.8 4.6 .8

Arkansas ...................................... 2.8 3.5 .7

California ...................................... 4.5 5.3 .8

Colorado ...................................... 3.0 3.7 .7

Connecticut .................................. 3.4 4.5 1.1

Florida ......................................... 2.8 3.2 .4

Idaho ........................................... 2.9 3.3 .4

Illinois .......................................... 4.2 4.8 .6

Indiana ......................................... 3.2 3.5 .3

Kentucky ...................................... 4.0 4.5 .5

Louisiana ...................................... 3.5 4.4 .9

Maine .......................................... 2.4 3.3 .9

Maryland ...................................... 2.0 2.5 .5

Massachusetts ............................. 3.5 2.9 -.6

Missouri ....................................... 2.8 3.3 .5

Montana ....................................... 2.5 3.3 .8

Nebraska ..................................... 2.0 2.5 .5

New Hampshire ............................ 1.8 2.6 .8

New Jersey .................................. 4.0 4.8 .8

New York ..................................... 4.0 4.3 .3

Ohio ............................................ 3.5 3.8 .3

Oklahoma .................................... 3.0 3.5 .5

Oregon ........................................ 3.5 4.2 .7

Rhode Island ................................ 2.7 4.0 1.3

Utah ............................................. 2.5 2.8 .3

Vermont ....................................... 1.8 2.2 .4

Washington .................................. 3.9 4.8 .9

West Virginia ................................ 3.5 4.3 .8

Wisconsin ..................................... 2.6 3.0 .4

p

 = preliminary.

State

Rate Over-the-year 

change p
-6- 

Table D. States with statistically significant employment changes from February 2024 to

March 2024, seasonally adjusted

February March

2024 2024 p Level Percent

Arkansas ..................................... 1,360,700 1,367,200 6,500 0.5

Georgia ....................................... 4,933,300 4,949,500 16,200 .3

Kansas ........................................ 1,455,100 1,461,500 6,400 .4

Kentucky ...................................... 2,027,500 2,036,900 9,400 .5

Virginia ........................................ 4,211,800 4,228,300 16,500 .4

p

 = preliminary.

Over-the-month change p

State

Table E. States with statistically significant employment changes from March 2023 to

March 2024, seasonally adjusted

March March

2023 2024 p Level Percent

Alabama ..................................... 2,155,100 2,191,100 36,000 1.7

Alaska ........................................ 325,200 335,500 10,300 3.2

Arizona ....................................... 3,179,800 3,250,100 70,300 2.2

Arkansas .................................... 1,348,700 1,367,200 18,500 1.4

California .................................... 17,778,500 17,996,200 217,700 1.2

Colorado ..................................... 2,922,100 2,983,300 61,200 2.1

Florida ........................................ 9,688,000 9,899,100 211,100 2.2

Georgia ...................................... 4,894,100 4,949,500 55,400 1.1

Idaho .......................................... 835,500 866,300 30,800 3.7

Indiana ....................................... 3,232,200 3,276,800 44,600 1.4

 

Iowa ........................................... 1,586,800 1,612,500 25,700 1.6

Kansas ....................................... 1,439,700 1,461,500 21,800 1.5

Kentucky .................................... 2,011,900 2,036,900 25,000 1.2

Minnesota ................................... 2,976,600 3,022,100 45,500 1.5

Missouri ...................................... 2,967,800 3,022,000 54,200 1.8

Montana ...................................... 517,400 528,000 10,600 2.0

Nebraska .................................... 1,043,400 1,062,900 19,500 1.9

Nevada ....................................... 1,524,800 1,576,000 51,200 3.4

New Jersey ................................. 4,302,400 4,386,600 84,200 2.0

New Mexico ................................. 869,500 885,200 15,700 1.8

 

New York .................................... 9,680,700 9,825,100 144,400 1.5

North Carolina ............................. 4,920,700 4,978,000 57,300 1.2

Oklahoma .................................... 1,750,800 1,779,100 28,300 1.6

Pennsylvania ............................... 6,070,700 6,148,900 78,200 1.3

South Carolina ............................ 2,293,200 2,358,400 65,200 2.8

South Dakota .............................. 459,400 470,400 11,000 2.4

Texas .......................................... 13,845,000 14,115,700 270,700 2.0

Utah ........................................... 1,709,800 1,746,400 36,600 2.1

Virginia ....................................... 4,154,400 4,228,300 73,900 1.8

Washington ................................. 3,582,900 3,637,400 54,500 1.5

West Virginia .............................. 707,900 719,600 11,700 1.7

p

 = preliminary.

State Over-the-year change p
Technical Note

This news release presents civilian labor force and 

unemployment data for states and selected substate areas from 

the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program 

(tables 1 and 2). Also presented are nonfarm payroll 

employment estimates by state and industry supersector from 

the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 

4). The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state 

cooperative endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment—from the 

LAUS program

 Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment 

data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those 

used for the official national estimates obtained from the 

Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of 

households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics 

(BLS) by the U.S. Census Bureau. The LAUS program 

measures employed people and unemployed people on a place

of-residence basis. The universe for each is the civilian 

noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. 

Employed people are those who did any work at all for pay or 

profit in the reference week (typically the week including the 

12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in 

a family business or farm, plus those not working who had a job 

from which they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, 

for such reasons as bad weather, labor-management dispute, 

illness, or vacation.

 Unemployed people are those who were not employed during 

the reference week (based on the definition above), had actively 

looked for a job sometime in the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week, and were currently available for work; people 

on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be 

counted as unemployed. The civilian labor force is the sum of 

employed and unemployed people. The unemployment rate is 

the number of unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor 

force.

 Method of estimation. Estimates for 48 states, the District 

of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale 

metropolitan division, New York City, and the balances of 

California and New York State are produced using time-series 

models. This method, which underwent substantial 

enhancement at the beginning of 2021, utilizes data from 

several sources, including the CPS, the CES, and state 

unemployment insurance (UI) programs. Estimates for the state 

of California are derived by summing the estimates for the Los 

Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale metropolitan division and the 

balance of California. Similarly, estimates for New York State 

are derived by summing the estimates for New York City and 

the balance of New York State. Estimates for the five additional 

substate areas contained in this release (the Cleveland-Elyria 

and Detroit-Warren-Dearborn metropolitan areas and the 

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, Miami-Miami Beach

Kendall, and Seattle-Bellevue-Everett metropolitan divisions) 

and their respective balances of state are produced using a 

similar model-based approach.

 Each month, estimates for the nine census divisions first are 

modeled using inputs from the CPS only and controlled to the

national totals. State estimates then are controlled to their 

respective census division totals. Substate and balance-of-state 

estimates for the five areas noted above also are controlled to 

their respective state totals. This tiered process of controlling 

model-based estimates to the U.S. totals is called real-time 

benchmarking. Estimates for Puerto Rico are derived from a 

monthly household survey similar to the CPS. A more detailed 

description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS 

upon request.

 Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment 

data for prior years reflect adjustments made after the end of 

each year. The adjusted estimates reflect updated population 

data from the U.S. Census Bureau, any revisions in the other 

data sources, and model re-estimation. In most years, historical 

data for the most recent five years are revised near the 

beginning of each calendar year, prior to the release of January 

estimates. With the introduction of a new generation of time

series models in 2021, historical data were re-estimated back to 

the series beginnings in 1976, 1990, or 1994.

 Seasonal adjustment. The LAUS models decompose the 

estimates of employed and unemployed people into trend, 

seasonal, and irregular components. The benchmarked signals 

of employed and unemployed people first are adjusted using an 

X-11 type of seasonal adjustment filter. The adjusted data then 

are smoothed using a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space 

(RKHS) filter. The smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates of 

employed and unemployed people are summed to derive the 

civilian labor force, and the unemployment rate then is 

calculated as the unemployed percent of the civilian labor force. 

The resulting smoothed-seasonally adjusted unemployment 

rate estimates are analyzed in this news release and published 

on the BLS website.

 During estimation for the current year, the smoothedseasonally adjusted estimates for a given month are created 

using an asymmetric filter that incorporates information from 

previous observations only. For annual revisions, historical data 

are smoothed using a two-sided filter.

 Area definitions. The substate area data published in this 

release reflect the delineations that were issued by the U.S. 

Office of Management and Budget on April 10, 2018. A 

detailed list of the geographic definitions is available online at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. 

Employment—from the CES program

 Definitions. Employment data refer to people on 

establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of the pay 

period that includes the 12th of the month. People are counted 

at their place of work rather than at their place of residence; 

those appearing on more than one payroll are counted on each 

payroll. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal 

activity in accordance with the 2022 version of the North 

American Industry Classification System.

 Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment 

data are produced using several estimation procedures. Where 
possible, these data are produced using a "weighted link 

relative" estimation technique in which a ratio of current month 

weighted employment to that of the previous-month weighted 

employment is computed from a sample of establishments 

reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the 

current month are then obtained by multiplying these ratios by 

the previous month’s employment estimates. The weighted link 

relative technique is utilized for data series where the sample 

size meets certain statistical criteria. For some employment 

series, the estimates are produced with a model that uses direct 

sample estimates (described above) combined with other 

regressors to compensate for smaller sample sizes. 

 Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted 

annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks, 

derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by 

employers who are covered under state unemployment 

insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to 

adjust the monthly estimates between the new benchmark and 

the preceding one and to establish the level of employment for 

the new benchmark month. Thus, the benchmarking process 

establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used to 

measure the month-to-month changes in the level for the 

subsequent months. Information on recent benchmark revisions 

is available online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/benchmark.htm.

 Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are 

seasonally adjusted at the statewide expanded supersector level. 

In some cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total 

is computed by aggregating the independently adjusted 

supersector series. In other cases, the seasonally adjusted 

payroll employment total is independently adjusted. Revisions 

to historical data for the most recent five years are made once a 

year, coincident with annual benchmark adjustments.

 Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted 

concurrently, using all available estimates, including those for 

the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors.

Concurrent sample-based factors are created every month for 

the current month’s preliminary estimate as well as the previous 

month’s final estimate.

 Caution on aggregating state data. State estimation 

procedures are designed to produce accurate data for each 

individual state. BLS independently develops a national 

employment series; state estimates are not forced to sum to 

national totals. Each state series is subject to larger relative 

sampling and nonsampling errors than the national series.

Summing state estimates cumulates individual state-level errors 

and can cause significant distortions at an aggregate level. Due 

to these statistical limitations, BLS does not compile a "sum-ofstates" employment series and cautions users that such a series 

is subject to a relatively large and volatile error structure.

Reliability of the estimates

 The estimates presented in this release are based on sample 

surveys, administrative data, and modeling and, thus, are 

subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error is 

a measure of sampling variability—that is, variation that occurs 

by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is 

surveyed. Survey data also are subject to nonsampling errors, 

such as those which can be introduced into the data collection 

and processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from 

sample surveys are subject to additional errors resulting from 

the specific estimation processes used.

 Use of error measures. Changes in state unemployment 

rates and state nonfarm payroll employment are cited in the 

analysis of this release only if they have been determined to be 

statistically significant at the 90-percent confidence level. 

Furthermore, state unemployment rates for the current month 

generally are cited only if they have been determined to be 

significantly different from the U.S. rate at the 90-percent 

confidence level. The underlying model-based standard error 

measures for unemployment rates and over-the-month and 

over-the-year changes in rates are available at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lastderr.htm. The underlying standard error 

measures for over-the-month and over-the-year changes in state 

payroll employment data at the total nonfarm and supersector 

levels are available at www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. 

Measures of nonsampling error are not available.

Additional information

 Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment from the 

LAUS program, as well as nonfarm payroll employment from 

the CES program, for metropolitan areas and metropolitan 

divisions are available in the news release Metropolitan Area 

Employment and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor 

force, employed people, unemployed people, and 

unemployment rates for approximately 7,600 subnational areas 

are available online at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data 

from the CES program for states and metropolitan areas are 

available online at www.bls.gov/sae/. If you are deaf, hard of 

hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access 

telecommunications relay services.
LABOR FORCE DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, seasonally adjusted

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

Mar.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024

Mar.

2024p

Number Percent of labor force

Mar.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024

Mar.

2024p

Mar.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024

Mar.

2024p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,291,783 2,327,663 2,327,989 2,331,680 52,332 66,558 69,057 70,894 2.3 2.9 3.0 3.0

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355,245 358,280 357,911 357,833 13,663 16,406 16,604 16,495 3.8 4.6 4.6 4.6

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,660,545 3,726,522 3,732,662 3,735,527 132,637 155,052 151,710 143,513 3.6 4.2 4.1 3.8

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,371,006 1,385,367 1,385,079 1,385,598 38,985 50,811 49,489 48,261 2.8 3.7 3.6 3.5

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,279,548 19,355,816 19,350,032 19,345,876 861,903 1,013,856 1,028,384 1,032,379 4.5 5.2 5.3 5.3

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale1. . . . 5,025,472 5,006,084 4,997,338 4,995,946 244,241 269,677 267,956 268,146 4.9 5.4 5.4 5.4

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,220,615 3,237,237 3,235,542 3,235,281 96,923 110,213 114,485 118,218 3.0 3.4 3.5 3.7

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,887,080 1,902,407 1,906,379 1,910,476 64,227 82,924 86,078 85,448 3.4 4.4 4.5 4.5

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503,108 508,774 508,227 507,017 19,527 20,659 20,295 19,967 3.9 4.1 4.0 3.9

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394,411 403,524 404,642 406,754 19,576 20,312 20,787 21,036 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.2

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,911,962 11,076,728 11,089,543 11,097,326 300,631 340,168 345,170 353,209 2.8 3.1 3.1 3.2

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall1. . . . . . . . . . . 1,372,625 1,389,227 1,391,529 1,393,682 27,141 21,594 22,305 23,291 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.7

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,279,998 5,330,035 5,335,097 5,343,463 168,282 166,760 163,540 163,483 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.1

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676,925 674,769 674,589 673,150 19,904 20,868 21,092 21,009 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.1

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 955,212 967,890 969,459 971,488 27,259 32,264 32,376 32,313 2.9 3.3 3.3 3.3

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,410,433 6,477,200 6,477,355 6,487,068 270,360 305,486 308,856 312,170 4.2 4.7 4.8 4.8

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights1. . . 3,799,395 3,826,088 3,827,961 3,839,419 151,663 171,511 175,195 178,936 4.0 4.5 4.6 4.7

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,395,573 3,398,130 3,389,402 3,380,807 108,117 117,341 117,991 119,083 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.5

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,713,494 1,704,754 1,700,901 1,696,909 47,914 51,077 50,182 48,724 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.9

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,513,990 1,506,694 1,505,660 1,505,421 41,590 39,069 39,941 40,794 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.7

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,027,214 2,024,029 2,024,570 2,027,717 81,375 87,154 88,586 90,588 4.0 4.3 4.4 4.5

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,080,885 2,079,344 2,079,264 2,080,469 73,581 85,123 88,017 90,838 3.5 4.1 4.2 4.4

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 682,583 692,051 692,751 693,170 16,295 23,742 23,680 22,678 2.4 3.4 3.4 3.3

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,171,755 3,192,770 3,191,144 3,193,388 64,813 72,831 76,212 80,175 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.5

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,751,722 3,750,172 3,748,656 3,757,027 130,049 114,168 110,171 107,179 3.5 3.0 2.9 2.9

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,965,978 5,043,565 5,042,466 5,046,732 184,080 201,951 198,437 194,509 3.7 4.0 3.9 3.9

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,158,168 2,204,866 2,203,549 2,203,979 70,136 85,882 84,663 83,104 3.2 3.9 3.8 3.8

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,100,007 3,093,573 3,094,718 3,097,736 87,436 82,861 84,216 84,205 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.7

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,232,385 1,230,093 1,229,510 1,229,482 39,128 39,128 37,945 37,017 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.0

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,074,498 3,098,994 3,100,588 3,103,945 87,371 101,578 102,963 103,681 2.8 3.3 3.3 3.3

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571,408 577,303 577,672 577,524 14,392 19,312 19,406 18,778 2.5 3.3 3.4 3.3

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,053,098 1,055,595 1,054,937 1,054,605 21,341 26,336 26,546 26,293 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,592,960 1,614,220 1,614,414 1,614,300 80,675 84,821 83,801 82,776 5.1 5.3 5.2 5.1

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 757,646 763,112 763,611 765,353 13,693 19,663 19,872 19,913 1.8 2.6 2.6 2.6

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,824,433 4,824,539 4,819,665 4,819,894 195,279 232,347 231,168 229,120 4.0 4.8 4.8 4.8

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 962,110 968,914 968,853 968,625 34,295 38,562 38,157 37,145 3.6 4.0 3.9 3.8

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,678,350 9,751,860 9,747,690 9,738,941 383,900 438,983 429,624 418,197 4.0 4.5 4.4 4.3

New York City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,151,907 4,161,783 4,165,463 4,171,114 216,074 216,229 210,881 204,569 5.2 5.2 5.1 4.9

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,209,372 5,254,063 5,255,806 5,260,184 174,060 185,737 184,451 185,549 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.5

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417,031 417,419 417,565 417,816 8,013 8,027 8,159 8,235 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,778,619 5,794,910 5,796,567 5,801,227 203,411 211,818 214,132 220,170 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.8

Cleveland-Elyria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,030,239 1,037,629 1,033,761 1,029,287 37,957 39,083 38,812 38,987 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,945,885 1,983,646 1,987,854 1,989,908 57,428 70,141 71,065 70,036 3.0 3.5 3.6 3.5

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,156,235 2,171,088 2,176,172 2,180,708 75,305 88,370 90,920 92,016 3.5 4.1 4.2 4.2

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,506,696 6,544,313 6,559,343 6,578,881 230,971 220,568 221,009 222,969 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.4

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571,919 578,532 580,629 583,497 15,674 20,926 22,717 23,629 2.7 3.6 3.9 4.0

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,435,938 2,471,839 2,472,619 2,477,584 72,030 75,325 76,424 77,961 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478,534 481,606 481,482 481,465 9,146 9,899 10,037 9,927 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.1

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,372,875 3,386,432 3,389,546 3,398,405 109,160 117,040 112,492 109,265 3.2 3.5 3.3 3.2

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,995,720 15,143,441 15,169,126 15,189,869 600,923 584,580 590,396 599,075 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,776,875 1,802,361 1,802,402 1,801,843 44,175 50,263 51,068 50,599 2.5 2.8 2.8 2.8

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348,828 354,201 354,931 355,726 6,229 8,093 8,078 7,769 1.8 2.3 2.3 2.2

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,543,184 4,588,384 4,591,517 4,588,603 129,625 139,777 139,745 134,073 2.9 3.0 3.0 2.9

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,014,603 4,032,992 4,027,298 4,019,937 156,016 183,684 190,070 193,580 3.9 4.6 4.7 4.8

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,798,866 1,811,718 1,809,015 1,804,165 57,967 68,611 71,629 73,417 3.2 3.8 4.0 4.1

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 780,833 790,871 790,451 790,478 27,025 34,031 34,074 34,288 3.5 4.3 4.3 4.3

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,116,194 3,148,178 3,143,466 3,140,048 82,035 100,375 95,584 92,985 2.6 3.2 3.0 3.0

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295,555 293,897 293,402 292,994 8,766 8,373 8,357 8,294 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.8

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,188,514 1,216,212 1,216,656 1,215,040 71,679 69,052 69,918 70,464 6.0 5.7 5.7 5.8

1 Metropolitan division.

2 Metropolitan statistical area.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management

and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following

month.
LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, not seasonally adjusted

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

February March Number Percent of labor force

2023 2024 2023 2024p

February March February March

2023 2024 2023 2024p 2023 2024 2023 2024p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,283,059 2,316,439 2,292,002 2,343,059 58,199 78,981 50,449 70,886 2.5 3.4 2.2 3.0

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352,213 354,142 353,002 355,275 16,450 19,592 15,326 17,160 4.7 5.5 4.3 4.8

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,650,815 3,746,403 3,675,765 3,745,451 130,536 135,488 129,354 107,219 3.6 3.6 3.5 2.9

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,364,095 1,378,883 1,375,493 1,391,169 44,653 48,447 40,029 45,642 3.3 3.5 2.9 3.3

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,354,958 19,400,989 19,386,551 19,409,333 925,636 1,085,527 904,111 1,036,703 4.8 5.6 4.7 5.3

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale1. . . . 5,065,888 5,011,960 5,055,852 5,029,812 257,358 251,129 242,016 262,523 5.1 5.0 4.8 5.2

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,216,732 3,227,072 3,210,258 3,226,233 108,417 134,013 94,125 124,020 3.4 4.2 2.9 3.8

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,871,467 1,902,082 1,878,263 1,914,314 77,128 101,935 69,270 79,986 4.1 5.4 3.7 4.2

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501,342 506,437 505,827 505,678 21,499 20,317 20,548 20,134 4.3 4.0 4.1 4.0

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394,275 407,070 394,589 413,736 19,845 21,725 19,500 20,779 5.0 5.3 4.9 5.0

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,856,781 11,078,830 10,919,745 11,088,234 293,635 348,034 289,053 364,069 2.7 3.1 2.6 3.3

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall1. . . . . . . . . . . 1,377,876 1,402,564 1,378,010 1,393,813 24,574 22,802 27,289 28,275 1.8 1.6 2.0 2.0

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,289,125 5,368,054 5,312,395 5,402,933 178,114 164,238 172,520 172,557 3.4 3.1 3.2 3.2

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 677,364 676,057 680,209 669,984 19,922 20,398 18,920 18,830 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.8

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 951,871 973,206 955,389 977,511 33,785 39,158 32,808 36,875 3.5 4.0 3.4 3.8

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,383,366 6,436,746 6,403,723 6,509,891 297,097 340,784 278,547 322,967 4.7 5.3 4.3 5.0

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights1. . . 3,800,278 3,821,793 3,798,651 3,875,566 162,065 194,408 148,870 182,305 4.3 5.1 3.9 4.7

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,379,540 3,351,647 3,401,279 3,366,199 128,011 139,898 123,300 137,491 3.8 4.2 3.6 4.1

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,717,095 1,691,441 1,716,320 1,687,305 56,285 56,168 53,645 49,382 3.3 3.3 3.1 2.9

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,512,850 1,504,670 1,513,219 1,506,564 46,955 48,102 43,167 45,394 3.1 3.2 2.9 3.0

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,024,912 2,023,709 2,031,350 2,046,924 95,533 104,088 86,391 103,501 4.7 5.1 4.3 5.1

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,065,795 2,061,142 2,081,335 2,085,984 72,144 90,725 68,179 93,195 3.5 4.4 3.3 4.5

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 675,368 687,773 676,770 688,269 21,635 26,605 20,538 21,999 3.2 3.9 3.0 3.2

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,156,933 3,175,706 3,180,143 3,218,845 79,592 92,141 66,613 93,377 2.5 2.9 2.1 2.9

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,747,534 3,752,400 3,749,321 3,816,195 151,941 137,903 138,018 134,871 4.1 3.7 3.7 3.5

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,915,208 5,001,524 4,948,991 5,056,057 214,923 211,865 197,727 199,554 4.4 4.2 4.0 3.9

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,130,362 2,176,112 2,152,753 2,201,186 78,325 86,867 69,516 79,757 3.7 4.0 3.2 3.6

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,086,692 3,095,534 3,095,726 3,103,046 106,305 111,981 101,925 97,933 3.4 3.6 3.3 3.2

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,230,744 1,225,922 1,233,926 1,228,978 40,563 33,752 38,085 31,872 3.3 2.8 3.1 2.6

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,053,467 3,096,700 3,072,386 3,115,026 99,331 122,673 98,099 116,104 3.3 4.0 3.2 3.7

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 568,135 575,752 571,890 576,636 17,961 22,183 17,837 18,756 3.2 3.9 3.1 3.3

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,048,878 1,050,363 1,053,494 1,055,263 24,610 30,525 23,434 27,209 2.3 2.9 2.2 2.6

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,596,803 1,617,573 1,596,771 1,615,353 84,205 81,330 80,755 79,781 5.3 5.0 5.1 4.9

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 757,589 762,796 755,557 770,742 17,050 22,382 15,546 21,719 2.3 2.9 2.1 2.8

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,820,462 4,807,251 4,835,499 4,843,053 217,393 244,178 204,661 230,940 4.5 5.1 4.2 4.8

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 959,722 966,683 958,119 962,866 36,062 36,270 31,738 30,857 3.8 3.8 3.3 3.2

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,652,627 9,712,110 9,693,725 9,717,727 441,555 438,041 401,894 408,783 4.6 4.5 4.1 4.2

New York City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,171,938 4,191,426 4,179,229 4,208,156 232,557 202,456 215,468 188,755 5.6 4.8 5.2 4.5

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,191,260 5,243,488 5,228,240 5,290,158 193,681 194,170 180,733 195,758 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.7

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413,037 413,942 415,072 416,559 10,420 10,845 10,284 10,817 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.6

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,746,298 5,768,312 5,770,391 5,806,658 243,641 253,331 224,358 258,716 4.2 4.4 3.9 4.5

Cleveland-Elyria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,023,033 1,003,713 1,025,870 1,010,019 48,967 45,934 42,680 44,070 4.8 4.6 4.2 4.4

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,936,290 1,996,125 1,951,367 1,995,562 63,919 78,783 58,640 63,196 3.3 3.9 3.0 3.2

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,160,157 2,189,294 2,157,826 2,194,753 88,272 104,642 80,299 97,177 4.1 4.8 3.7 4.4

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,472,469 6,573,585 6,481,725 6,613,371 265,720 242,147 225,666 225,073 4.1 3.7 3.5 3.4

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570,610 584,047 570,621 589,117 20,937 31,554 17,641 25,020 3.7 5.4 3.1 4.2

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,430,775 2,472,651 2,446,512 2,504,964 85,188 90,182 74,584 83,963 3.5 3.6 3.0 3.4

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473,329 476,832 476,015 479,297 11,313 12,820 9,225 9,480 2.4 2.7 1.9 2.0

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,360,148 3,394,505 3,370,815 3,429,009 116,990 95,325 108,797 101,621 3.5 2.8 3.2 3.0

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,011,661 15,295,403 15,058,520 15,276,869 654,309 665,729 604,785 622,898 4.4 4.4 4.0 4.1

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,774,242 1,804,640 1,780,212 1,802,427 49,920 59,511 47,045 49,699 2.8 3.3 2.6 2.8

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347,707 355,251 349,584 358,013 8,299 9,211 7,287 7,435 2.4 2.6 2.1 2.1

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,519,896 4,567,444 4,559,490 4,579,378 131,451 133,063 128,914 111,266 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.4

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,023,491 4,023,883 4,025,445 4,003,685 181,167 225,903 165,079 204,870 4.5 5.6 4.1 5.1

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,799,376 1,809,720 1,810,737 1,792,853 51,142 75,154 56,647 73,398 2.8 4.2 3.1 4.1

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 776,427 783,905 775,375 784,749 32,133 39,073 30,897 38,274 4.1 5.0 4.0 4.9

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,100,933 3,117,217 3,110,376 3,129,062 103,059 103,968 96,338 108,257 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.5

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294,269 291,726 295,978 292,755 11,163 10,493 10,671 9,737 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.3

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,204,106 1,215,962 1,192,206 1,211,018 71,174 70,166 68,772 68,452 5.9 5.8 5.8 5.7

1 Metropolitan division.

2 Metropolitan statistical area.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management

and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following

month.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

State

Total1 Construction Manufacturing

Mar.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024

Mar.

2024p

Mar.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024

Mar.

2024p

Mar.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024

Mar.

2024p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,155.1 2,181.7 2,186.5 2,191.1 99.6 102.6 104.1 104.2 279.9 286.2 285.9 287.5

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325.2 334.0 334.9 335.5 16.7 18.4 19.2 19.4 13.0 13.5 13.0 13.0

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,179.8 3,235.9 3,241.4 3,250.1 208.4 217.1 217.1 216.3 194.3 194.2 193.8 193.4

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,348.7 1,359.3 1,360.7 1,367.2 61.9 67.5 68.0 67.9 163.0 159.9 159.3 161.1

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,778.5 17,974.5 17,967.9 17,996.2 895.9 934.7 925.2 929.8 1,339.4 1,331.0 1,326.7 1,321.4

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,922.1 2,967.3 2,978.0 2,983.3 184.5 181.9 183.6 182.1 151.3 149.7 150.2 150.8

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,690.2 1,701.6 1,704.2 1,709.1 62.5 61.7 62.7 63.4 158.7 158.4 158.6 159.1

Delaware2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482.4 487.1 487.9 488.5 24.0 23.7 23.6 23.8 26.9 28.0 27.7 27.7

District of Columbia2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 766.2 768.6 769.9 769.8 15.2 14.8 14.7 14.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,688.0 9,893.1 9,888.7 9,899.1 622.2 643.7 641.6 645.2 418.3 428.7 427.6 426.0

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,894.1 4,935.8 4,933.3 4,949.5 219.7 222.1 223.7 225.2 425.8 431.7 432.3 432.4

Hawaii2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632.4 633.1 634.4 637.4 37.9 39.7 39.9 40.7 12.7 12.5 12.6 12.6

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 835.5 858.1 863.2 866.3 66.4 70.8 71.2 71.8 75.0 76.6 78.5 79.4

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,113.0 6,099.7 6,126.4 6,139.1 235.0 229.1 234.6 235.4 578.6 582.2 581.5 582.3

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,232.2 3,267.8 3,272.7 3,276.8 161.5 167.3 167.9 168.3 537.1 531.7 533.1 531.8

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,586.8 1,596.2 1,608.1 1,612.5 83.1 85.5 87.2 88.1 226.2 228.5 228.8 228.6

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,439.7 1,448.2 1,455.1 1,461.5 68.0 67.5 69.3 69.8 173.4 172.9 173.2 173.5

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,011.9 2,022.4 2,027.5 2,036.9 88.4 88.8 91.1 92.3 256.7 256.3 255.5 256.0

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,957.4 1,956.8 1,956.8 1,957.9 131.4 133.0 134.7 136.4 138.6 139.3 139.3 138.8

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 646.2 655.5 656.4 656.1 33.6 34.4 33.8 34.2 54.3 53.6 53.7 54.0

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,742.1 2,741.4 2,743.6 2,743.5 160.9 155.5 155.8 156.2 112.1 110.0 109.7 109.6

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,718.0 3,732.6 3,737.6 3,740.5 173.0 173.9 174.9 175.8 239.2 236.7 236.5 235.9

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,439.1 4,457.1 4,469.2 4,475.3 187.5 192.7 195.8 199.8 616.7 609.3 608.2 609.5

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,976.6 3,008.1 3,011.1 3,022.1 134.2 133.1 131.3 134.0 326.8 324.2 324.8 324.3

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,180.7 1,183.9 1,185.4 1,189.8 47.7 48.7 49.1 49.5 146.3 144.9 143.7 144.8

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,967.8 3,003.6 3,013.9 3,022.0 143.0 145.8 150.5 150.1 287.2 284.7 286.7 286.9

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517.4 525.1 526.3 528.0 36.8 38.4 38.8 39.2 21.9 21.8 21.7 21.8

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,043.4 1,057.9 1,061.1 1,062.9 60.5 61.2 61.4 61.2 104.5 107.1 106.7 107.1

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,524.8 1,571.3 1,573.3 1,576.0 110.9 119.0 118.5 120.2 66.9 69.6 69.5 69.2

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 696.9 704.2 705.8 706.6 31.3 31.7 31.6 31.7 70.6 70.6 70.3 70.0

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,302.4 4,376.0 4,372.8 4,386.6 165.8 170.8 168.2 169.2 254.3 254.8 254.8 254.9

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 869.5 882.3 883.0 885.2 52.0 53.5 53.2 53.4 28.9 29.3 29.4 29.4

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,680.7 9,802.5 9,801.2 9,825.1 393.5 380.8 374.3 383.8 423.4 422.4 421.1 419.8

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,920.7 4,975.7 4,977.5 4,978.0 257.2 265.3 264.4 266.2 472.7 468.9 467.8 467.4

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436.4 440.8 439.9 439.6 27.8 26.9 26.8 27.0 28.2 29.1 28.9 28.7

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,608.6 5,629.8 5,632.8 5,644.3 237.4 231.9 235.7 238.1 688.3 688.4 688.7 684.8

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,750.8 1,770.1 1,776.9 1,779.1 81.4 86.9 87.8 87.1 138.1 141.4 141.1 141.2

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,976.0 1,969.9 1,972.7 1,974.1 116.5 117.3 116.3 114.0 192.9 188.0 187.7 187.1

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,070.7 6,125.9 6,133.6 6,148.9 260.9 256.8 256.5 256.8 567.5 566.3 566.3 565.8

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504.6 512.3 511.9 513.4 21.6 21.3 21.3 21.3 40.5 40.9 40.9 41.3

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,293.2 2,346.9 2,351.2 2,358.4 111.3 116.0 115.5 114.9 262.8 265.8 265.9 265.9

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459.4 467.9 469.1 470.4 27.5 30.7 30.7 30.5 45.5 45.6 45.4 44.9

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,312.6 3,305.5 3,318.7 3,329.3 153.5 153.0 154.7 154.9 366.5 362.6 362.4 363.8

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,845.0 14,053.9 14,096.6 14,115.7 816.6 837.0 844.9 845.2 950.3 966.2 969.5 967.8

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,709.8 1,743.4 1,741.9 1,746.4 131.4 138.5 137.9 137.8 152.7 155.6 153.9 154.2

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309.7 312.2 312.9 312.7 15.8 15.9 15.9 15.8 29.0 27.9 28.0 28.1

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,154.4 4,199.3 4,211.8 4,228.3 214.7 218.9 220.0 221.8 245.8 248.7 248.2 248.7

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,582.9 3,628.2 3,632.1 3,637.4 234.0 226.4 226.8 225.6 272.5 279.2 280.9 281.2

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 707.9 720.3 721.6 719.6 32.6 34.0 34.6 34.9 46.4 46.4 46.5 45.6

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,011.7 3,027.7 3,036.1 3,034.4 136.6 140.4 140.8 143.9 481.7 479.7 481.6 478.7

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290.3 292.0 292.2 292.6 22.1 23.2 23.2 23.0 10.5 10.5 10.5 10.6

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 939.1 956.9 957.2 959.4 34.3 35.5 35.6 35.8 83.0 84.7 84.2 84.5

Virgin Islands2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.8 35.5 35.5 35.4 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 – – – –

1

Includes mining and logging, information, and other services (except public administration), not shown separately.

2 Mining and logging is combined with construction.

3 Missing series (denoted by ’-’) are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components,

cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued

[In thousands]

State

Trade, transportation, and utilities Financial activities Professional and business services

Mar.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024

Mar.

2024p

Mar.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024

Mar.

2024p

Mar.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024

Mar.

2024p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408.6 409.9 410.8 410.9 104.7 105.0 104.9 104.7 267.2 267.0 266.7 266.2

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.1 66.8 66.3 66.6 10.9 11.1 11.2 11.2 27.5 28.2 28.6 28.6

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 612.6 625.2 624.9 627.3 244.1 241.2 241.7 241.2 469.8 470.6 473.4 476.0

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267.5 268.6 267.6 268.3 70.2 70.8 71.2 71.3 157.6 156.8 156.6 158.0

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,110.8 3,101.2 3,096.8 3,098.8 818.6 808.2 804.9 804.8 2,798.1 2,773.3 2,775.9 2,781.0

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506.3 501.7 501.8 502.6 180.3 181.8 182.2 183.1 495.7 502.9 504.7 506.8

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297.8 297.6 297.2 298.5 118.4 118.1 118.5 118.7 223.2 224.0 222.4 220.8

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.5 89.3 89.4 89.9 50.5 50.5 50.7 50.7 65.3 63.4 63.2 62.7

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.3 30.4 30.3 30.6 26.3 26.1 25.9 25.9 176.3 174.5 174.4 174.4

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,953.3 1,998.2 2,001.4 1,995.3 680.3 689.4 683.4 683.5 1,621.1 1,623.1 1,620.7 1,616.4

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,044.9 1,029.9 1,029.8 1,029.5 277.9 283.4 283.3 283.6 777.3 776.1 771.2 777.4

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.8 115.1 115.2 115.6 27.9 27.0 27.0 26.9 71.8 71.8 71.5 71.8

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160.2 160.5 161.8 162.7 41.1 41.3 41.1 41.4 108.9 110.8 111.1 110.2

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,228.2 1,221.1 1,221.8 1,224.2 401.4 398.5 397.8 396.7 959.6 922.0 921.4 922.0

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 633.0 640.5 639.8 640.6 148.7 149.4 148.8 148.9 366.9 364.5 364.8 365.9

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312.3 306.5 307.4 309.2 108.0 108.8 108.9 108.5 146.2 146.8 148.5 150.7

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275.7 274.6 275.7 277.9 76.2 77.2 76.9 76.8 179.0 176.2 177.2 178.5

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426.9 425.1 425.1 425.7 97.2 95.5 95.2 95.9 229.7 226.1 227.0 229.6

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373.8 372.3 372.5 371.6 97.6 97.0 95.8 95.0 220.7 217.9 218.0 218.6

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120.0 120.7 120.5 120.7 33.8 33.7 33.6 33.7 76.6 77.8 78.0 77.3

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471.1 466.4 465.0 462.4 139.9 138.0 137.4 137.5 479.1 473.0 471.9 470.3

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 564.1 558.9 560.2 559.9 229.6 230.2 230.6 230.5 636.3 632.8 631.5 628.5

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 810.6 818.4 817.7 817.4 231.4 231.1 228.8 226.9 660.7 645.4 645.4 645.4

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531.6 537.1 536.7 536.5 190.9 186.8 186.1 185.2 390.9 380.0 380.0 379.3

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248.1 244.5 244.7 246.3 45.4 45.6 45.4 45.5 118.3 117.0 117.1 115.8

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560.2 563.8 564.0 565.8 183.8 188.6 187.8 187.1 383.3 377.3 380.3 377.1

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.4 101.2 101.2 100.9 27.9 27.9 28.0 28.0 51.4 52.1 52.0 52.2

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.5 199.1 200.7 201.5 70.9 69.9 70.1 69.5 125.7 126.9 127.2 127.2

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295.2 301.6 301.3 300.5 76.1 77.9 77.6 77.6 214.7 215.6 217.7 217.0

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140.5 138.9 139.6 139.7 34.4 34.1 34.1 34.1 98.3 98.7 98.6 98.8

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 909.3 918.5 914.9 915.5 268.5 268.9 268.9 268.8 721.5 724.7 721.6 722.8

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.3 146.6 145.7 145.8 35.6 35.9 36.1 36.4 119.2 122.6 123.1 123.2

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,491.7 1,479.0 1,482.7 1,479.0 744.0 750.0 747.8 747.0 1,392.5 1,391.1 1,390.4 1,395.7

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 931.3 929.4 930.9 928.8 304.0 310.7 310.7 311.3 745.1 746.6 746.3 744.5

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.4 93.2 93.4 93.9 25.1 25.1 25.1 25.2 34.7 33.9 33.9 33.6

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,057.4 1,051.0 1,051.4 1,056.2 325.9 321.8 319.6 318.4 750.0 741.9 739.8 742.3

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322.9 320.0 320.0 320.1 83.4 84.6 84.6 84.8 211.1 206.7 207.1 206.7

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365.1 358.9 360.1 360.1 103.9 101.9 101.4 101.5 267.2 257.4 258.7 261.1

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,143.6 1,134.6 1,135.5 1,138.3 339.4 342.2 342.4 343.4 844.8 836.1 835.2 838.2

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.4 77.4 77.8 77.6 35.3 35.0 34.9 34.9 70.1 71.0 71.4 72.6

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440.1 443.0 446.2 447.1 121.0 123.8 123.5 123.8 311.2 318.2 315.4 317.4

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.7 91.4 91.7 92.9 27.8 27.5 27.5 27.6 37.2 37.6 37.7 38.1

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 680.8 681.1 681.2 682.5 187.1 182.5 182.2 183.0 465.2 444.4 449.5 450.3

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,751.5 2,769.6 2,766.6 2,765.1 901.5 912.1 914.7 913.0 2,120.5 2,132.2 2,143.8 2,145.5

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315.8 315.1 314.8 316.0 98.7 97.6 96.4 97.5 249.0 252.4 252.9 251.7

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.3 53.1 53.2 53.4 12.0 12.2 12.2 12.1 33.5 33.6 33.5 33.4

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 672.3 670.4 673.8 676.3 221.1 222.4 221.0 221.1 811.6 808.1 815.2 819.4

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 616.9 615.5 617.7 620.9 165.3 165.1 164.8 166.2 547.8 547.3 546.5 549.2

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.8 121.8 121.9 121.7 25.4 26.5 26.3 26.1 72.8 74.3 73.7 73.0

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 554.4 553.2 555.2 553.4 159.6 159.4 159.4 159.2 331.3 328.7 326.3 325.5

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.3 52.2 52.1 52.1 11.6 11.3 11.2 11.3 21.5 21.0 21.4 21.5

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186.0 189.3 188.9 189.5 47.3 47.6 48.1 48.0 139.9 141.7 140.3 140.9

Virgin Islands1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 6.9 7.0 6.8 – – – – – – – –

1 Missing series (denoted by ’-’) are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular

components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued

[In thousands]

State

Education and health services Leisure and hospitality Government

Mar.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024

Mar.

2024p

Mar.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024

Mar.

2024p

Mar.

2023

Jan.

2024

Feb.

2024

Mar.

2024p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257.2 263.3 265.7 267.4 204.3 205.2 204.9 205.1 398.3 405.3 405.8 407.2

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.8 52.8 52.8 52.4 35.5 34.7 34.7 34.7 78.1 79.4 79.6 79.8

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507.6 537.3 538.4 540.9 353.3 351.7 351.5 352.8 422.3 431.5 433.3 434.8

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205.6 211.7 212.6 212.5 127.5 127.3 128.1 130.4 209.9 211.9 212.1 212.5

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,044.7 3,196.6 3,212.8 3,226.4 1,997.8 2,031.2 2,030.6 2,031.2 2,587.0 2,642.8 2,645.5 2,651.9

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363.8 378.4 381.4 381.2 349.2 356.1 356.0 356.1 464.2 487.1 489.3 491.9

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350.8 360.5 361.2 362.2 153.4 153.7 154.6 156.7 231.0 233.3 233.0 233.5

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.8 85.5 85.3 85.7 51.9 53.4 53.9 53.7 69.0 70.8 71.6 71.8

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120.5 123.6 123.2 121.8 76.4 76.2 77.7 77.4 232.8 234.9 235.1 235.4

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,457.9 1,508.8 1,507.4 1,519.9 1,291.6 1,321.8 1,323.4 1,324.0 1,115.4 1,141.1 1,145.0 1,146.7

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 649.9 673.7 670.1 674.9 508.0 523.7 524.7 527.0 690.3 706.5 710.3 713.6

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.5 89.9 90.0 90.7 118.9 119.5 119.5 119.8 122.6 125.0 125.8 126.2

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121.8 130.3 130.5 130.4 92.0 93.5 94.3 94.8 128.8 133.7 134.0 134.6

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 960.8 978.1 982.6 984.8 590.6 594.2 600.6 603.5 805.7 823.7 832.5 835.8

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491.4 510.9 511.6 512.8 312.9 314.4 314.8 315.1 418.2 425.4 427.5 428.3

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232.4 237.7 239.3 238.8 139.6 141.2 144.5 145.0 261.9 265.5 266.5 267.1

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204.5 212.3 213.2 213.5 132.9 133.2 135.0 135.6 252.3 256.9 256.8 257.7

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300.7 308.9 311.2 313.0 203.6 205.3 205.6 207.4 305.4 312.4 312.6 312.9

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332.5 335.9 337.9 337.2 222.3 220.3 218.9 219.2 315.3 318.1 317.2 317.6

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.1 133.3 134.5 134.0 68.3 68.2 68.7 68.5 99.1 101.5 101.4 101.7

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456.0 465.9 470.3 471.6 260.1 260.5 262.5 262.7 520.8 532.5 530.8 532.5

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 821.7 839.0 841.0 843.4 360.2 364.5 366.8 368.4 458.8 461.7 461.7 462.8

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 681.1 690.6 698.3 698.4 418.9 422.7 424.6 424.5 596.6 612.9 617.8 619.9

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558.4 578.9 580.8 583.6 265.3 269.8 269.7 274.7 414.5 432.6 435.0 438.0

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.1 154.2 155.0 155.8 134.5 135.2 136.3 137.8 235.7 238.8 239.1 239.3

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502.9 518.0 520.9 523.0 309.3 318.8 314.8 321.0 429.8 436.9 439.0 440.0

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.9 85.5 85.6 86.3 72.7 74.3 74.3 74.6 91.2 92.4 92.6 92.7

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160.2 165.2 166.2 166.5 95.5 98.6 98.7 99.0 173.4 174.8 175.1 175.6

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162.8 167.4 167.8 168.0 345.3 358.3 358.6 361.1 174.3 180.7 181.4 181.8

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124.7 130.5 131.2 131.9 73.2 74.4 74.4 74.2 86.3 88.1 88.3 88.5

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 741.1 774.2 778.7 784.6 395.6 406.6 407.9 409.7 596.7 602.4 603.5 606.1

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143.9 146.1 146.4 146.4 99.7 98.2 98.5 99.5 182.8 189.3 189.9 189.8

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,197.0 2,285.6 2,295.6 2,303.8 908.0 942.4 945.5 947.1 1,445.6 1,473.7 1,472.2 1,476.8

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 660.0 680.7 681.5 683.3 526.1 535.1 534.9 536.8 736.0 751.3 750.9 749.7

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.9 69.5 69.2 69.1 39.8 39.6 39.1 38.5 82.6 83.6 83.4 83.7

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 927.1 957.9 961.1 964.3 561.2 566.9 569.4 570.6 775.6 781.6 779.5 781.8

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255.6 266.5 266.8 268.9 180.6 184.8 185.0 185.5 356.4 360.8 365.2 366.2

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314.6 327.7 329.4 330.0 205.8 204.7 204.5 204.6 302.7 310.6 311.3 312.3

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,299.5 1,348.8 1,352.2 1,355.2 557.5 568.9 572.3 577.8 683.2 695.0 696.2 696.5

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.8 111.5 112.0 112.1 58.7 63.2 60.4 60.4 65.0 64.2 65.5 65.6

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276.8 291.8 293.8 295.4 278.5 289.7 290.7 293.0 371.7 375.6 377.1 377.6

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.6 77.4 77.9 77.9 49.0 50.3 50.8 51.1 80.6 82.4 82.6 82.6

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465.5 486.7 490.3 492.3 360.1 361.7 362.1 364.4 445.4 444.4 446.4 447.6

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,878.7 1,926.3 1,929.2 1,931.5 1,477.0 1,498.2 1,507.5 1,514.8 2,027.6 2,083.6 2,089.7 2,095.8

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231.6 240.4 240.7 242.5 170.9 171.7 172.4 173.2 260.5 272.0 273.2 274.0

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.2 63.4 63.6 63.7 34.5 34.9 34.9 34.8 54.8 55.6 56.1 55.8

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 575.9 596.3 598.8 599.3 406.6 416.0 414.2 417.7 730.4 741.0 743.5 746.5

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525.5 548.1 549.3 550.5 340.3 353.3 350.6 349.2 578.7 596.8 599.4 601.8

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131.9 136.3 137.0 136.9 72.0 72.9 73.1 72.2 151.1 155.4 155.6 156.0

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468.8 476.9 479.1 477.9 280.8 285.5 286.5 286.2 402.6 406.2 409.8 411.0

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.2 29.4 29.4 29.4 38.1 38.8 38.8 39.0 68.3 70.3 70.5 70.5

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.4 125.4 126.2 126.2 92.9 97.7 98.0 98.7 198.3 201.7 202.4 202.3

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.4 6.7 6.5 6.6 6.6 10.9 11.0 10.9 10.9

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

State

Total Mining and logging Construction

February March February March February March

2023 2024 2023 2024p2023 2024 2023 2024p2023 2024 2023 2024p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,144.1 2,181.9 2,148.3 2,187.2 9.4 9.1 9.3 9.0 99.2 104.0 99.9 104.0

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313.9 325.5 315.4 328.0 11.1 12.3 11.2 12.6 14.3 17.4 14.6 17.8

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,181.3 3,249.6 3,181.9 3,251.5 13.6 14.8 13.6 15.0 205.3 215.9 207.4 215.6

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,341.7 1,352.8 1,348.3 1,363.7 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.2 60.1 66.6 61.1 66.7

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,695.8 17,869.1 17,707.9 17,933.3 19.1 19.8 18.7 19.5 893.7 906.5 882.3 912.8

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,891.3 2,957.0 2,902.5 2,968.1 21.3 21.8 21.4 22.3 177.6 177.5 179.8 176.6

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,665.3 1,683.4 1,671.4 1,692.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 57.0 57.0 58.5 59.0

Delaware1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474.1 479.5 477.6 482.6 – – – – 23.4 22.7 23.6 23.3

District of Columbia1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 759.4 765.4 762.7 765.8 – – – – 15.1 14.2 15.2 14.5

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,693.0 9,920.0 9,720.2 9,930.6 5.7 6.1 5.7 6.1 618.2 640.6 622.4 644.0

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,875.8 4,916.6 4,884.4 4,941.3 9.6 9.6 9.7 9.6 217.1 222.3 219.0 224.5

Hawaii1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 634.6 635.0 633.7 639.0 – – – – 37.8 40.1 37.8 41.1

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 829.2 854.6 828.6 860.7 3.9 4.2 3.8 4.2 63.6 68.7 64.4 69.4

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,012.9 6,035.5 6,056.1 6,071.3 6.9 7.1 7.0 7.1 209.0 206.0 218.1 215.1

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,203.1 3,244.1 3,217.2 3,259.2 5.7 5.5 5.7 5.6 151.4 158.8 154.8 163.0

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,569.4 1,588.2 1,573.4 1,597.1 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 71.9 74.6 74.7 79.1

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,430.4 1,447.2 1,433.1 1,457.7 6.3 6.0 6.3 6.1 64.5 66.6 66.4 68.3

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,991.3 2,006.2 2,004.7 2,026.1 8.6 8.9 8.7 9.0 83.4 86.1 86.0 88.8

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,948.5 1,950.4 1,954.5 1,956.9 31.5 30.3 32.0 30.4 128.9 134.1 131.6 136.8

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 630.1 638.1 630.5 638.8 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 31.3 30.7 31.5 31.3

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,702.4 2,708.1 2,716.2 2,721.1 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4 157.3 151.4 158.4 153.1

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,647.1 3,676.5 3,663.9 3,690.2 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 161.6 162.7 163.9 166.1

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,376.9 4,413.8 4,393.0 4,431.4 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.1 169.1 180.0 172.4 187.4

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,927.5 2,966.4 2,926.9 2,974.9 5.7 6.5 5.9 6.5 116.2 114.9 117.2 117.0

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,176.6 1,181.1 1,177.4 1,187.4 6.2 6.3 6.2 6.3 47.0 48.9 47.6 50.0

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,933.8 2,989.5 2,949.3 3,009.9 4.3 4.5 4.3 4.5 136.8 144.1 139.3 146.6

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507.8 517.4 509.9 520.9 6.9 7.0 6.8 7.0 33.5 35.1 34.1 36.2

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,029.2 1,049.3 1,034.8 1,056.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 56.1 57.5 57.5 58.8

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,511.9 1,564.4 1,517.1 1,570.3 14.7 15.5 14.8 15.4 109.0 115.6 109.6 119.6

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 690.5 700.4 691.3 701.3 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 29.4 29.7 29.7 29.9

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,232.8 4,292.8 4,257.1 4,328.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 157.7 158.7 160.2 161.8

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 865.8 880.4 867.5 885.6 23.0 23.4 23.4 23.8 50.5 52.2 51.4 53.1

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,560.4 9,684.1 9,605.6 9,747.4 5.0 5.2 5.0 5.2 371.4 358.0 375.6 368.9

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,886.1 4,957.9 4,902.8 4,973.0 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.8 254.3 261.8 256.8 265.0

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429.4 433.3 431.0 434.0 17.4 18.3 17.7 18.9 24.0 22.4 24.2 23.5

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,534.7 5,561.4 5,554.6 5,593.8 9.2 9.0 9.3 9.3 220.1 215.7 225.0 223.0

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,736.9 1,768.8 1,746.0 1,777.0 32.5 32.3 32.6 32.4 79.8 86.4 81.0 86.7

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,966.2 1,956.2 1,973.6 1,964.6 5.9 6.0 5.8 6.1 113.6 112.5 114.4 110.8

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,999.4 6,069.8 6,040.4 6,105.6 22.7 22.7 22.9 22.7 242.8 239.1 248.4 243.8

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493.2 502.1 496.6 504.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 20.0 19.6 20.2 19.9

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,271.3 2,337.4 2,284.0 2,351.8 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.5 109.8 115.5 110.5 114.7

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449.0 458.6 451.7 461.8 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 24.0 26.6 24.5 27.0

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,293.5 3,299.9 3,303.5 3,320.2 4.6 4.5 4.6 4.6 149.5 151.9 152.3 153.3

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,754.3 14,051.3 13,800.4 14,066.6 214.4 207.3 215.1 211.8 806.3 835.3 814.3 836.6

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,702.7 1,733.4 1,703.9 1,739.5 10.4 10.9 10.5 10.9 127.9 133.6 128.8 135.4

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309.4 312.2 310.0 311.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 14.1 14.1 14.3 14.0

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,125.2 4,182.0 4,134.4 4,208.9 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.1 210.3 215.4 212.2 219.0

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,545.0 3,599.5 3,561.6 3,619.3 5.3 5.6 5.3 5.6 226.6 220.2 229.9 222.4

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 700.5 712.9 704.6 714.9 21.0 20.9 21.1 21.2 29.7 31.3 30.5 32.9

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,965.3 2,992.8 2,977.1 2,997.8 3.6 3.9 3.6 3.9 123.9 127.6 126.2 133.6

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282.4 285.9 284.3 287.0 17.0 16.3 17.1 16.5 19.3 20.9 20.0 21.1

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 930.1 957.7 941.2 960.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 33.3 35.4 34.6 36.1

Virgin Islands1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.9 35.6 36.3 35.5 – – – – 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1

1 Mining and logging is combined with construction.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Manufacturing Trade, transportation, and utilities Information

February March February March February March

2023 2024 2023 2024p

2023 2024 2023 2024p2023 2024 2023 2024p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279.8 285.7 279.8 287.0 405.4 410.6 405.0 409.8 23.4 23.6 23.2 23.8

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.1 12.5 12.3 12.6 61.7 63.6 62.0 64.0 4.6 4.3 4.6 4.3

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194.5 193.3 193.7 192.5 609.5 624.7 607.8 626.1 52.6 49.1 51.6 48.7

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.4 159.0 162.9 160.8 265.3 265.9 266.2 267.9 13.0 12.2 13.0 12.2

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,333.0 1,314.5 1,333.2 1,312.5 3,090.4 3,076.1 3,078.7 3,068.8 597.6 526.8 587.1 529.3

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150.8 150.1 150.8 150.7 503.4 500.2 502.2 499.8 79.4 76.6 78.6 75.9

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.7 158.3 158.2 158.8 294.0 293.9 293.9 295.0 31.6 29.8 31.5 29.9

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.8 27.5 26.9 27.5 89.1 88.6 89.2 88.7 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.5

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 30.1 30.2 30.0 30.4 20.1 19.3 20.0 19.5

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417.3 426.8 418.5 425.4 1,948.3 2,004.5 1,944.3 1,995.4 160.5 158.3 159.6 158.6

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425.3 432.9 426.4 432.4 1,041.4 1,025.6 1,039.9 1,026.1 132.0 110.4 127.2 107.0

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.7 12.5 12.6 12.5 117.0 114.8 117.2 115.0 10.6 6.9 9.0 7.1

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.0 78.2 74.7 79.1 158.9 160.3 159.0 161.3 9.5 9.4 9.5 9.3

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577.8 579.5 578.4 581.1 1,213.2 1,209.0 1,215.6 1,212.3 96.6 88.8 96.3 89.3

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539.5 531.1 538.1 530.7 628.4 633.6 627.8 633.9 26.7 26.3 26.7 26.3

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225.1 228.2 225.3 227.5 309.2 305.4 308.4 305.7 18.9 18.0 18.7 18.0

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173.6 172.6 172.9 173.2 273.6 273.2 273.1 276.0 18.1 18.2 18.0 18.2

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254.2 254.8 257.0 255.5 425.7 422.1 424.9 422.7 23.1 22.5 23.0 22.2

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137.4 139.1 138.6 138.3 372.0 370.0 372.1 370.2 20.1 17.6 19.7 17.8

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.8 53.0 53.5 53.4 117.7 117.6 117.2 117.9 8.2 8.1 8.2 8.1

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.3 108.8 111.2 108.7 464.5 458.0 464.4 456.1 35.2 33.4 35.2 33.6

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237.6 234.6 238.1 234.5 556.1 553.8 555.9 553.0 96.9 92.6 96.7 91.8

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 614.3 603.0 616.3 605.2 799.7 807.8 799.6 809.2 58.1 57.5 57.9 57.2

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323.9 321.7 323.7 320.5 522.4 530.0 521.9 530.2 45.1 42.9 44.7 42.5

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146.7 144.0 146.2 144.6 246.7 243.2 245.7 244.9 10.1 9.4 9.9 9.4

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287.4 286.4 287.3 286.6 554.2 561.5 555.9 563.1 49.1 49.0 49.1 48.7

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6 99.2 100.6 99.6 100.2 5.8 5.5 5.7 5.4

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.7 106.5 104.5 107.1 195.0 198.6 195.5 200.4 17.2 17.4 17.1 17.4

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.7 69.5 67.0 68.8 292.6 299.8 291.2 298.4 19.8 19.4 18.7 19.5

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.4 69.8 70.5 69.5 138.9 138.7 138.7 138.7 12.0 11.5 12.0 11.6

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252.8 253.2 253.4 253.9 897.7 903.3 897.4 902.6 78.7 77.0 78.0 76.6

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.6 29.1 28.4 29.1 144.2 144.6 144.3 144.8 10.9 8.8 10.7 8.6

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420.7 416.2 421.7 418.0 1,470.9 1,462.9 1,472.0 1,458.9 294.5 277.2 293.8 277.6

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473.1 467.0 472.6 466.1 921.5 922.8 923.5 921.8 85.8 83.1 85.7 83.3

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.8 28.7 27.9 28.5 90.8 92.6 90.7 92.7 5.7 5.3 5.7 5.3

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 687.4 686.2 687.4 684.9 1,048.0 1,042.5 1,046.5 1,045.8 68.6 66.1 67.8 65.2

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137.5 141.2 137.9 141.2 319.4 318.1 320.0 319.2 18.0 17.1 18.2 16.7

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192.0 185.1 191.5 184.5 362.9 357.1 362.4 356.0 37.3 33.4 37.0 33.4

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 564.5 564.1 566.0 563.4 1,135.2 1,128.1 1,136.4 1,130.3 94.1 92.6 94.0 92.6

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.5 40.7 40.5 41.2 76.7 77.0 76.3 76.8 5.9 5.6 5.9 5.5

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263.6 265.9 263.4 265.9 435.7 442.8 436.9 445.4 29.9 28.4 29.3 29.1

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.2 45.4 45.4 44.8 89.0 90.4 89.3 91.8 5.1 5.0 5.1 5.0

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366.9 362.3 366.2 364.0 679.5 679.8 677.8 679.3 56.8 54.6 56.4 54.9

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 947.2 967.0 947.7 964.9 2,728.8 2,758.5 2,727.6 2,749.3 236.7 232.3 236.4 232.5

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152.5 152.9 152.3 153.7 312.6 312.6 312.6 313.8 43.4 42.6 42.5 42.4

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.9 27.7 28.8 27.9 51.8 52.9 51.8 52.8 4.6 4.5 4.6 4.5

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246.0 247.3 245.4 247.9 665.1 667.3 665.2 668.8 70.9 69.3 70.8 69.6

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269.6 278.9 270.6 279.1 609.6 609.5 610.3 614.5 172.3 163.9 171.8 163.5

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.0 46.1 46.3 45.3 121.3 120.7 121.3 121.0 8.0 7.7 7.9 7.7

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479.0 480.9 479.2 477.0 547.2 547.0 548.3 545.4 46.9 47.5 46.9 47.4

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.4 10.4 10.3 10.4 51.4 51.5 51.5 51.5 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.1

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.2 84.4 83.7 84.5 182.9 188.3 185.0 188.6 15.4 13.7 15.3 13.8

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 7.0 7.0 7.2 6.9 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Financial activities Professional and business services Education and health services

February March February March February March

2023 2024 2023 2024p

2023 2024 2023 2024p2023 2024 2023 2024p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.1 104.4 104.2 104.1 267.3 267.3 266.4 266.3 255.6 265.8 255.9 266.4

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.7 11.0 10.7 11.0 26.8 27.8 26.6 27.8 50.9 53.0 51.0 52.7

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243.0 241.7 243.7 240.0 472.2 473.0 469.0 472.7 506.5 540.8 507.2 542.0

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.1 70.2 69.8 70.0 157.0 156.2 157.3 158.0 205.4 213.0 206.5 212.7

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 814.6 803.7 812.2 801.2 2,793.8 2,762.3 2,779.1 2,765.9 3,036.1 3,219.0 3,048.9 3,236.0

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180.2 182.0 179.8 182.8 487.1 499.2 488.3 500.4 363.0 383.1 363.6 382.3

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.8 118.1 117.8 118.6 216.9 218.8 218.9 217.6 351.7 363.5 350.8 362.9

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.1 50.7 50.3 50.6 64.6 61.7 64.7 62.2 81.0 85.0 81.9 85.4

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.1 25.7 26.2 25.7 175.1 173.7 175.5 173.5 122.2 124.5 122.4 122.7

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676.0 679.3 678.3 680.3 1,618.2 1,619.2 1,618.4 1,611.1 1,457.8 1,513.1 1,459.7 1,522.3

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276.0 283.6 276.9 283.4 777.3 768.5 774.8 774.9 646.2 670.7 648.2 676.9

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.8 26.9 27.8 26.7 71.8 71.4 71.7 72.0 88.3 90.3 88.0 91.2

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.8 40.8 40.7 41.4 106.6 108.8 107.2 108.6 125.0 131.7 122.5 131.9

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397.8 394.8 398.2 393.9 940.9 898.8 943.4 900.6 960.7 988.7 967.3 990.0

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147.2 147.3 147.2 147.9 359.9 358.5 361.4 360.0 491.1 512.7 491.4 514.0

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.4 108.4 107.3 108.1 144.6 145.7 144.4 148.3 238.2 242.7 238.2 242.1

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.6 76.6 75.5 76.2 176.5 174.8 176.6 177.3 204.4 214.0 203.6 213.4

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.3 94.6 96.5 95.5 226.2 224.1 226.7 228.2 300.1 311.2 301.2 313.4

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.0 95.4 97.1 94.5 220.6 215.0 220.6 218.3 331.0 338.6 331.0 337.1

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.5 33.4 33.4 33.5 75.4 76.6 75.1 75.7 128.7 135.1 129.1 134.9

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139.2 136.1 138.8 136.0 472.3 465.0 473.6 464.0 455.5 472.1 456.3 474.3

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227.2 229.2 227.3 229.0 621.7 618.5 623.8 615.0 824.1 847.2 828.2 852.5

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229.4 226.7 229.5 224.4 654.1 638.2 655.1 640.1 680.0 699.0 680.8 699.2

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189.9 185.4 189.6 184.0 383.9 370.8 383.1 369.2 559.7 581.0 559.5 584.0

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.3 45.2 45.3 45.2 118.0 115.9 117.8 115.2 148.7 155.3 148.8 155.9

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182.8 187.6 183.0 187.0 379.7 378.3 380.1 375.2 503.3 524.9 500.6 523.7

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.7 27.9 27.6 27.9 50.0 50.4 50.3 50.8 83.4 86.0 83.4 86.7

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.8 69.6 70.5 69.0 123.6 125.5 124.2 125.8 159.6 166.7 160.4 167.1

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.3 77.0 75.7 77.3 211.0 215.7 212.2 214.8 162.2 168.7 162.6 167.4

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 33.8 34.3 33.8 96.4 98.1 96.8 97.9 126.5 132.9 126.6 132.7

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265.6 268.0 266.8 267.0 709.0 700.7 713.4 708.3 740.6 778.3 745.7 788.3

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.5 35.3 35.5 35.8 118.5 122.7 118.0 123.1 145.1 147.5 144.1 147.3

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 735.2 741.0 736.3 741.4 1,364.3 1,362.7 1,373.0 1,376.5 2,221.8 2,311.3 2,231.0 2,329.5

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301.3 308.2 301.4 309.0 743.6 745.0 742.4 742.2 660.7 682.1 660.0 686.6

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.9 25.0 24.9 25.0 33.8 32.9 34.0 32.9 67.7 69.3 68.0 69.2

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322.9 318.1 323.4 316.2 734.5 723.3 738.0 729.9 926.2 964.6 927.0 968.9

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.6 84.2 82.7 84.4 208.9 203.7 209.5 204.7 254.2 266.6 254.8 267.7

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.1 100.7 103.0 100.2 266.2 256.1 266.7 259.7 316.4 331.6 318.5 333.1

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336.5 340.5 337.7 341.5 831.0 822.1 837.1 826.2 1,306.1 1,361.2 1,313.6 1,368.4

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.9 34.7 35.1 34.6 67.5 69.1 68.3 70.2 108.0 113.7 109.1 113.4

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119.3 122.6 120.0 122.3 309.0 316.5 309.1 316.5 276.7 295.1 277.0 296.0

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.7 27.4 27.6 27.3 36.4 36.7 36.6 37.3 76.5 78.0 76.9 78.2

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185.1 180.3 186.0 181.5 462.6 445.1 462.1 447.4 466.5 491.7 466.8 493.7

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 895.6 910.4 896.4 908.7 2,112.9 2,134.9 2,109.6 2,125.6 1,868.6 1,931.7 1,872.2 1,929.9

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.8 95.8 98.0 96.7 246.3 249.4 245.8 247.0 236.1 244.6 235.1 246.9

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.9 12.0 11.9 12.0 32.6 33.2 32.7 32.5 63.0 63.9 64.0 65.1

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219.3 220.2 219.6 219.8 807.2 807.7 804.9 815.2 579.0 600.6 579.1 600.1

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.8 162.8 164.5 164.9 543.7 542.6 543.9 546.4 527.3 550.2 528.6 551.7

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.3 25.9 25.3 25.9 71.9 72.5 72.5 72.5 131.5 137.6 132.3 137.2

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158.1 159.1 158.2 158.6 326.0 319.2 327.7 319.2 466.9 478.4 468.7 477.6

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 11.2 11.5 11.3 20.5 20.6 20.6 20.8 29.4 29.7 29.5 29.5

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.1 48.1 47.5 47.9 139.5 140.3 140.4 140.8 121.4 125.9 123.0 126.7

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9 1.7 1.9 1.7 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.4

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Leisure and hospitality Other services Government

February March February March February March

2023 2024 2023 2024p

2023 2024 2023 2024p2023 2024 2023 2024p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200.2 199.8 202.0 202.2 102.1 104.8 102.7 105.4 397.6 406.8 399.9 409.2

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.9 30.5 31.4 31.2 11.3 12.3 11.3 12.4 79.5 80.8 79.7 81.6

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352.9 350.5 356.2 352.2 101.5 103.2 101.9 103.3 429.7 442.6 429.8 443.4

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.0 122.4 126.3 127.2 67.0 67.3 66.9 67.3 212.2 214.8 213.0 215.7

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,957.5 1,991.8 1,980.4 2,008.9 575.0 589.4 577.9 593.9 2,585.0 2,659.2 2,609.4 2,684.5

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341.8 349.4 345.5 353.0 124.6 128.2 125.9 129.5 462.1 488.9 466.6 494.8

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142.3 142.4 144.4 147.6 61.2 64.4 61.4 64.5 234.6 236.7 235.5 237.9

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.4 48.6 48.6 49.3 18.6 18.8 18.5 18.8 69.4 72.4 70.3 73.3

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.2 74.9 74.3 75.8 66.6 67.6 67.0 68.2 230.9 234.3 231.1 234.4

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,295.1 1,333.2 1,314.7 1,343.4 362.4 373.6 364.2 377.0 1,133.5 1,165.3 1,134.4 1,167.0

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495.1 512.8 503.6 522.0 163.8 167.4 165.1 167.9 692.0 712.8 693.6 716.6

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.8 118.4 118.4 119.0 26.6 25.9 26.6 26.0 124.2 127.8 124.6 128.4

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.1 90.8 89.2 92.2 27.4 26.3 27.4 26.8 130.4 135.4 130.2 136.5

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557.3 568.4 570.8 580.4 246.5 255.2 248.2 256.4 806.2 839.2 812.8 845.1

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301.3 303.2 305.8 308.4 127.7 131.5 128.7 131.7 424.2 435.6 429.6 437.7

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.7 137.1 134.3 138.8 55.5 56.1 55.5 55.9 263.9 270.0 264.5 271.5

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.4 130.7 130.5 132.9 52.4 53.7 52.9 53.9 257.0 260.8 257.3 262.2

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196.3 196.0 200.4 202.5 70.4 71.8 71.3 72.4 307.0 314.1 309.0 315.9

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219.2 216.5 221.2 218.3 72.5 74.0 73.2 75.2 318.3 319.8 317.4 320.0

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.4 57.0 58.1 57.3 21.8 21.6 21.8 21.4 100.2 102.9 100.6 103.3

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241.1 244.2 247.0 250.4 103.5 103.6 104.3 105.1 521.1 534.1 525.5 538.4

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328.0 333.5 333.2 340.5 132.2 136.8 133.3 138.5 460.8 466.7 462.6 468.3

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393.7 400.2 400.2 403.4 166.5 165.2 168.1 166.4 605.0 629.2 606.1 631.8

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250.2 255.8 250.9 262.0 111.3 115.7 111.5 115.7 419.2 441.7 418.9 443.3

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131.3 132.9 132.9 135.5 39.3 39.6 39.3 39.4 237.3 240.4 237.7 241.0

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289.9 294.6 300.3 311.2 112.9 114.7 114.0 116.7 433.4 443.9 435.4 446.6

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.5 70.8 70.1 71.8 19.4 19.2 19.3 19.4 90.8 93.3 91.4 93.9

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.4 94.5 92.8 96.1 36.6 36.2 36.8 36.8 173.2 175.8 174.5 177.3

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339.6 352.9 343.9 357.9 43.6 45.1 44.1 45.1 176.4 185.2 177.3 186.1

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.4 68.8 68.2 69.0 24.1 24.7 24.1 25.2 89.3 91.6 89.6 92.2

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360.0 369.2 369.0 381.4 166.1 171.8 167.1 172.8 603.2 611.2 604.7 614.1

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.0 96.1 98.4 98.8 27.1 27.8 27.2 28.3 185.4 192.9 186.1 192.9

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 851.5 888.5 865.5 900.1 382.2 384.1 383.0 387.1 1,442.9 1,477.0 1,448.7 1,484.2

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502.8 517.9 512.4 524.1 194.5 199.8 195.4 200.1 742.9 764.6 747.0 769.0

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.6 38.0 38.8 37.5 15.0 15.7 15.0 15.4 83.7 85.1 84.1 85.1

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528.6 538.1 541.3 545.9 204.7 209.5 206.4 211.0 784.5 788.3 782.5 793.7

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175.8 180.6 178.7 183.7 69.5 69.2 70.0 69.2 358.7 369.4 360.6 371.1

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198.0 195.6 201.0 199.3 63.3 62.5 63.8 63.1 307.5 315.6 309.5 318.4

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 522.8 538.1 535.6 553.0 252.3 256.7 254.7 257.3 691.4 704.6 694.0 706.4

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.3 53.9 53.7 54.4 21.6 21.4 21.6 21.4 64.7 66.2 65.7 66.6

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265.8 276.1 273.3 286.1 84.9 89.6 85.8 89.1 372.2 380.4 374.3 382.2

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.3 46.9 45.9 47.5 17.7 18.1 17.8 18.3 81.0 82.9 81.5 83.4

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344.2 347.8 352.2 356.6 126.3 130.0 126.5 130.5 451.5 451.9 452.6 454.4

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,440.2 1,477.4 1,467.5 1,497.6 461.0 483.8 464.4 488.6 2,042.6 2,112.7 2,049.2 2,121.1

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169.1 170.6 170.7 172.0 44.6 45.6 45.2 45.6 262.0 274.8 262.4 275.1

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.0 35.7 35.4 35.0 9.8 10.0 9.9 10.3 55.9 57.4 55.8 57.1

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389.6 395.4 396.0 405.7 195.4 198.8 196.4 199.6 735.1 752.8 737.5 756.1

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325.6 340.2 332.0 342.4 120.8 123.6 122.1 122.6 580.4 602.0 582.6 606.2

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.7 69.7 70.4 69.7 23.4 23.8 23.6 24.0 152.7 156.7 153.4 157.5

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261.9 267.3 265.1 268.6 142.9 144.1 143.7 147.0 408.9 417.8 409.5 419.5

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.4 36.3 35.4 36.3 15.9 15.2 16.2 15.3 68.5 70.7 69.0 71.2

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.7 98.1 92.4 98.8 18.7 19.1 18.9 19.1 199.3 203.8 199.8 203.7

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 6.6 6.9 6.7 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 10.9 10.9 10.9 10.9

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
TEXAS

N.M.

CALIF.

NEV.

MONT.

ARIZ.

ORE.

S.D.

WYO.

KAN. MO.

N.D.

COLO.

NEB.

GA.

UTAH ILL.

MINN.

LA.

PA.

IDAHO

FLA.

N.Y.

KY.

WIS.

N.C.

VA.

OKLA.

ALA.

ARK.

IOWA

WASH.

IND.

MISS.

OHIO

S.C.

MICH.

TENN.

MAINE

W.VA.

VT.

MD.

N.H.

Map 1. Unemployment rates by state, seasonally adjusted, 

March 2024

(U.S. rate = 3.8 percent)

HAWAII

ALASKA

D.C.

!

MASS.

! CONN.

!

R.I.

!

DEL.

!

N.J.

4.5% or higher

4.0% to 4.4%

3.5% to 3.9%

3.0% to 3.4%

2.9% or lower
WASH.

ORE.

CALIF.

IDAHO

NEV.

ARIZ.

MONT.

WYO.

COLO.

N.M.

N.D.

S.D.

NEB.

KAN.

OKLA.

TEXAS

MINN.

IOWA

MO.

ARK.

LA.

WIS.

ILL.

MICH.

IND. OHIO

KY.

TENN.

MISS. ALA. GA.

S.C.

N.C.

VA. W.VA.

PA.

N.Y.

MAINE

N.H.

VT.

MASS.

R.I.

N.J.

CONN.

DEL.

FLA.

MD. UTAH

ALASKA

HAWAII

D.C.

3.0% and above

2.0% to 2.9%

1.0% to 1.9%

0.1% to 0.9%

0.0% and below

Map 2. Percentage change in nonfarm employment by state,

seasonally adjusted, March 2023 - March 2024