Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-13-2120 

8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, November 8, 2013 

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — OCTOBER 2013 

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 204,000 in October, and the unemployment rate was little 

changed at 7.3 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment increased in 

leisure and hospitality, retail trade, professional and technical services, manufacturing, and health care. 

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

Oct-11 Jan-12 Apr-12 Jul-12 Oct-12 Jan-13 Apr-13 Jul-13 Oct-13

Thousands

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month 

change, seasonally adjusted, October 2011 –

October 2013

Percent

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

Oct-11 Jan-12 Apr-12 Jul-12 Oct-12 Jan-13 Apr-13 Jul-13 Oct-13

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

October 2011 – October 2013

Household Survey Data 

Both the number of unemployed persons, at 11.3 million, and the unemployment rate, at 7.3 percent, 

changed little in October. Among the unemployed, however, the number who reported being on

temporary layoff increased by 448,000. This figure includes furloughed federal employees who were 

classified as unemployed on temporary layoff under the definitions used in the household survey. 

(Estimates of the unemployed by reason, such as temporary layoff and job leavers, do not sum to the 

official seasonally adjusted measure of total unemployed because they are independently seasonally 

adjusted.) For more information on the classification of workers affected by the federal government 

shutdown, see the box note. (See tables A-1 and A-11.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (7.0 percent), adult women 

(6.4 percent), teenagers (22.2 percent), whites (6.3 percent), blacks (13.1 percent), and Hispanics (9.1 
- 2 - 

percent) showed little or no change in October. The jobless rate for Asians was 5.2 percent (not 

seasonally adjusted), little changed from a year earlier. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was little changed at 4.1 

million in October. These individuals accounted for 36.1 percent of the unemployed. The number of 

long-term unemployed has declined by 954,000 over the year. (See table A-12.) 

The civilian labor force was down by 720,000 in October. The labor force participation rate fell by 

0.4 percentage point to 62.8 percent over the month. Total employment as measured by the household 

survey fell by 735,000 over the month and the employment-population ratio declined by 0.3 

percentage point to 58.3 percent. This employment decline partly reflected a decline in federal 

government employment. (See table A-1.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as 

involuntary part-time workers) was little changed at 8.1 million in October. These individuals were 

working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time 

job. (See table A-8.) 

In October, 2.3 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, little changed from 2.4 

million a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor 

force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. 

They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding 

the survey. (See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 815,000 discouraged workers in October, essentially 

unchanged from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons 

not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.5 

million persons marginally attached to the labor force in October had not searched for work for reasons 

such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 204,000 in October. Job growth averaged 190,000 

per month over the prior 12 months. In October, job gains occurred in leisure and hospitality, retail 

trade, professional and technical services, manufacturing, and health care. Federal government 

employment continued to trend down. There were no discernible impacts of the partial federal 

government shutdown on the estimates of employment, hours, and earnings from the establishment 

survey. (See table B-1.) 

Leisure and hospitality employment rose by 53,000 in October. Within the industry, employment in 

food services and drinking places increased by 29,000, the same as its average monthly gain over the 

prior 12 months. 

Employment in retail trade increased by 44,000 in October, compared with an average monthly gain of 

31,000 over the prior 12 months. Job growth was widespread within the industry in October, with gains 

in food and beverage stores (+12,000), electronics and appliance stores (+10,000), sporting goods and 

hobby stores (+8,000), general merchandise stores (+8,000), and building material and garden supply 

stores (+7,000). Clothing and clothing accessories stores lost 13,000 jobs. 
- 3 - 

Professional and technical services employment rose in October (+21,000) and has grown by 213,000 

over the past 12 months. Within the industry, employment in management and technical consulting 

services rose by 8,000 in October. 

Manufacturing added 19,000 jobs in October, with job growth occurring in motor vehicles and parts 

(+6,000), wood products (+3,000), and furniture and related products (+3,000). On net, manufacturing 

employment has changed little since February 2013. 

Health care employment increased over the month (+15,000). Job growth in health care has averaged 

17,000 per month thus far this year, compared with an average monthly gain of 27,000 in 2012. 

In October, employment showed little or no change elsewhere in the private sector, including mining 

and logging, construction, wholesale trade, transportation and warehousing, information, and 

financial activities. 

Federal government employment declined by 12,000 in October. Over the past 12 months, federal 

government employment has decreased by 94,000. Federal employees on furlough during the partial 

government shutdown were still considered employed in the payroll survey because they worked or 

received pay for the pay period that included the 12th of the month. For more information on the 

classification of workers affected by the partial federal government shutdown, see the box note. 

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged in October at 

34.4 hours. The manufacturing workweek was 40.9 hours, the same as in September, and factory 

overtime was unchanged at 3.4 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory 

employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged down by 0.1 hour to 33.6 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

In October, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged up by 2 

cents to $24.10. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 52 cents, or 2.2 percent. In 

October, average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees edged up by 2 cents to 

$20.26. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for August was revised from +193,000 to +238,000, 

and the change for September was revised from +148,000 to +163,000. With these revisions, 

employment gains in August and September combined were 60,000 higher than previously reported. 

 

The Employment Situation for November is scheduled to be released on Friday, December 6, 

2013, at 8:30 a.m. (EST). 
- 4 - 

Partial Federal Government Shutdown 

Some agencies of the federal government were shut down or were operating at reduced staffing 

levels from October 1, 2013, through October 16, 2013. All household and establishment 

survey operations, including data collection, were suspended during that time period. Shortly 

after the shutdown ended, October data collection for both surveys began. The Bureau of Labor 

Statistics (BLS) delayed the publication of this release by 1 week to allow enough time to 

collect data. The reference periods for the surveys were not changed. The response rate for the 

household survey was within its normal range, and the response rate for the establishment 

survey was above average. 

In the household survey, individuals are classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the 

labor force based on their answers to a series of questions about their activities during the 

survey reference week. Workers who indicate that they were not working during the entire 

survey reference week and expected to be recalled to their jobs should be classified in the 

household survey as unemployed on temporary layoff. In October 2013, there was an increase 

in the number of federal workers who were classified as unemployed on temporary layoff. 

However, there also was an increase in the number of federal workers who were classified as 

employed but absent from work. BLS analysis of the data indicates that this group included 

federal workers affected by the shutdown who also should have been classified as unemployed 

on temporary layoff. Such a misclassification is an example of nonsampling error and can 

occur when respondents misunderstand questions or interviewers record answers incorrectly. 

According to usual practice, the data from the household survey are accepted as recorded. To 

maintain data integrity, no ad hoc actions are taken to reassign survey responses. 

It should be noted that household survey data for federal workers are available only on a not 

seasonally adjusted basis. As a result, over-the-month changes in federal worker data series 

cannot be compared with seasonally adjusted over-the-month changes in total employed and 

unemployed. 

In the establishment survey, businesses report the number of people who work or receive pay 

for any part of the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Persons who work or receive 

pay for any part of the pay period are defined as employed. This method of classifying workers 

is the same in all industries, including the federal government. Federal employees on furlough 

during the partial federal government shutdown were still considered employed in the payroll 

survey because they worked or received pay for the pay period that included the 12th of the 

month. 

Additional information is available online at www.bls.gov/bls/shutdown_2013_empsit_qa.pdf. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Change from:

Sept. 2013-

Oct. 2013

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population............................................ 243,983 245,959 246,168 246,381 213

Civilian labor force............................................................ 155,576 155,486 155,559 154,839 -720

Participation rate........................................................... 63.8 63.2 63.2 62.8 -0.4

Employed.................................................................... 143,328 144,170 144,303 143,568 -735

Employment-population ratio........................................... 58.7 58.6 58.6 58.3 -0.3

Unemployed................................................................. 12,248 11,316 11,255 11,272 17

Unemployment rate..................................................... 7.9 7.3 7.2 7.3 0.1

Not in labor force............................................................. 88,407 90,473 90,609 91,541 932

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over....................................................... 7.9 7.3 7.2 7.3 0.1

Adult men (20 years and over).............................................. 7.3 7.1 7.1 7.0 -0.1

Adult women (20 years and over).......................................... 7.2 6.3 6.2 6.4 0.2

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................. 23.7 22.7 21.4 22.2 0.8

White........................................................................... 6.9 6.4 6.3 6.3 0.0

Black or African American................................................... 14.5 13.0 12.9 13.1 0.2

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................. 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.2 –

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.................................................. 10.0 9.3 9.0 9.1 0.1

Total, 25 years and over....................................................... 6.6 6.0 6.0 6.1 0.1

Less than a high school diploma........................................... 12.2 11.3 10.3 10.9 0.6

High school graduates, no college......................................... 8.3 7.6 7.6 7.3 -0.3

Some college or associate degree......................................... 7.0 6.1 6.0 6.3 0.3

Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................... 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.8 0.1

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs................... 6,536 5,970 5,844 6,253 409

Job leavers....................................................................... 1,009 893 989 861 -128

Reentrants........................................................................ 3,319 3,129 3,181 3,117 -64

New entrants..................................................................... 1,302 1,299 1,222 1,223 1

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks.............................................................. 2,633 2,563 2,596 2,761 165

5 to 14 weeks.................................................................... 2,847 2,766 2,703 2,656 -47

15 to 26 weeks.................................................................. 1,813 1,694 1,804 1,782 -22

27 weeks and over.............................................................. 5,017 4,290 4,146 4,063 -83

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons............................................... 8,286 7,911 7,926 8,050 124

Slack work or business conditions.......................................... 5,177 4,808 4,960 5,047 87

Could only find part-time work.............................................. 2,618 2,719 2,557 2,599 42

Part time for noneconomic reasons........................................... 18,896 19,339 18,967 18,786 -181

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force........................................ 2,433 2,342 2,302 2,283 –

Discouraged workers......................................................... 813 866 852 815 –

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 238 163 204

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 207 150 212

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 20 27 35

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -6 4 5 5

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 1 18 11

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 15 4 19

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 23 10 12

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -3.6 16.7 3.3 5.7

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 -8 -6 7

Private service-providing1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 187 123 177

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8 6.4 14.3 -5.4

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.1 38.3 22.3 44.4

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.7 12.3 29.5 0.0

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 -21 4 5

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 -1 -1 7

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 42 32 44

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0 15.1 11.4 3.3

Education and health services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 57 6 23

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.4 50.6 8.7 17.5

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 49 13 53

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4 3 6

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -57 31 13 -8

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.4 49.4 49.4 49.4

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.9 48.0 47.9 47.9

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.7 82.6 82.6 82.6

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 34.5 34.4 34.4

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 23.58 $ 24.05 $ 24.08 $ 24.10

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $808.79 $829.73 $828.35 $829.04

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.5 98.8 98.6 98.8

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.4 0.5 -0.2 0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108.5 113.3 113.3 113.6

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.5 0.7 0.0 0.3

HOURS AND EARNINGS

PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.6 33.7 33.7 33.6

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 19.82 $ 20.20 $ 20.24 $ 20.26

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $665.95 $680.74 $682.09 $680.74

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.2 106.2 106.3 106.2

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0 0.5 0.1 -0.1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137.9 143.3 143.7 143.7

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.7 0.3 0.0

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private (266 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.8 59.8 57.5 61.5

Manufacturing (81 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.2 51.2 51.9 56.2

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing

industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance

between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of 

employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series 

has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household 

survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 

100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically 

significant change in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a 

more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers 

whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private 

household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also 

provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences 

between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf. 

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, 

it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does 

not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which 

identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the 

foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The 

Employment Situation news release. 

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax 

records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more 

information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments 

with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the 

reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and 

industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 

 
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net 

employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an 

econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based 

on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census 

of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this 

purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There 

is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and 

availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment 

insurance benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons 

who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the 

unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There 

is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently 

looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, 

including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged 

workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include 

discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each 

month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these 

alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? 

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. 

Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on 

employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay 

for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, 

but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be 

off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such 

as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment, employees have 

to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Slightly more than 20 percent of all employees 

in the payroll survey sample have a weekly pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of 

the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to 

quantify the effect of extreme weather on estimates of over-the-month change in employment. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of 

the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as 

employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the 

number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure 

of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours. Current and historical 

data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page at http://data.bls.gov/cgibin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household 

survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey 

(CES; establishment survey). The household survey 

provides information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked 

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 

60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census 

Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm 

payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of 

nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the 

CES program surveys about 145,000 businesses and 

government agencies, representing approximately 557,000 

individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry 

data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on 

nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes 

approximately one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that 

contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment 

survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 

12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the 

calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment 

sometime during the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting 

recall need not be looking for work to be counted as 

unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the 

household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for 

or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as 

employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The 

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent 

of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the 

labor force as a percent of the population, and 

the employment-population ratio is the employed as a 

percent of the population. Additional information 

about the household survey can be found at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are 

counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are 

produced for the private sector for all employees and for 

production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and 

logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing 

industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an 

establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 

2012 version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous 

conceptual and methodological differences between the 

household and establishment surveys result in important 

distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the 

surveys. Among these are: 

 The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, self-employed workers whose businesses 

are unicorporated, unpaid family workers, and 

private household workers among the employed. 

These groups are excluded from the establishment 

survey. 

 The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not. 

 The household survey is limited to workers 16 

years of age and older. The establishment survey is 

not limited by age. 

 The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance. 
Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, 

and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the 

participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For 

example, in the household survey, the large number of 

youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure 

any other changes that have taken place relative to May, 

making it difficult to determine if the level of economic 

activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the 

establishment survey, payroll employment in education 

declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term 

and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the 

underlying employment trends in the industry. Because 

seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of 

the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be 

adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more 

discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more 

useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-tomonth economic activity. 

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, 

such as total payroll employment, employment in most 

major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are 

computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived 

by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex 

components; this differs from the unemployment estimate 

that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by 

combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age 

categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling 

error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. The 

component of this difference that occurs because samples 

differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its 

variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. 

There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value 

because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the 

establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 

90,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment 

increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-

percent confidence interval on the monthly change would 

range from -40,000 to +140,000 (50,000 +/- 90,000). These 

figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these 

magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent 

chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this 

interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, 

we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment 

had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported 

nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the 

values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be 

greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-

percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen 

that month. At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, 

the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change 

in unemployment as measured by the household survey is 

about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the 

unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.2 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, 

such as for quarterly and annual averages. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all 

respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide correct information on a timely 

basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in 

the collection or processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates 

for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete 

returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled 

preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive 

revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample 

reports have been received, that the estimate is considered 

final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 
account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment 

gains from business births. This is incorporated into the 

sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting 

sample units going out of business, but imputing to them 

the same employment trend as the other firms in the 

sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net 

birth/death employment. 

The second component is an ARIMA time series 

model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death 

employment not accounted for by the imputation. The 

historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA 

model was derived from the unemployment insurance 

universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual 

residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough 

proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also 

incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over 

the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total 

nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a 

range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Oct.

2012

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

June

2013

July

2013

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243,983 246,168 246,381 243,983 245,552 245,756 245,959 246,168 246,381

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155,779 155,536 154,918 155,576 155,835 155,798 155,486 155,559 154,839

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.8 63.2 62.9 63.8 63.5 63.4 63.2 63.2 62.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144,039 144,651 144,144 143,328 144,058 144,285 144,170 144,303 143,568

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.0 58.8 58.5 58.7 58.7 58.7 58.6 58.6 58.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,741 10,885 10,773 12,248 11,777 11,514 11,316 11,255 11,272

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 7.0 7.0 7.9 7.6 7.4 7.3 7.2 7.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,204 90,632 91,463 88,407 89,717 89,957 90,473 90,609 91,541

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,142 5,775 5,683 6,584 6,580 6,619 6,285 6,163 6,162

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,710 118,807 118,916 117,710 118,490 118,595 118,700 118,807 118,916

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,715 82,759 82,261 82,661 82,898 82,852 82,513 82,854 82,347

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.3 69.7 69.2 70.2 70.0 69.9 69.5 69.7 69.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,498 76,750 76,403 76,027 76,447 76,466 76,164 76,452 76,074

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.0 64.6 64.2 64.6 64.5 64.5 64.2 64.4 64.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,217 6,009 5,858 6,634 6,451 6,387 6,349 6,401 6,274

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 7.3 7.1 8.0 7.8 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,995 36,048 36,654 35,049 35,592 35,743 36,186 35,953 36,568

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109,096 110,292 110,414 109,096 109,943 110,054 110,172 110,292 110,414

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79,873 79,824 79,468 79,679 79,883 79,909 79,639 79,797 79,420

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.2 72.4 72.0 73.0 72.7 72.6 72.3 72.4 71.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,416 74,527 74,290 73,845 74,276 74,328 74,010 74,143 73,869

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.2 67.6 67.3 67.7 67.6 67.5 67.2 67.2 66.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,457 5,297 5,178 5,834 5,607 5,581 5,629 5,654 5,551

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 6.6 6.5 7.3 7.0 7.0 7.1 7.1 7.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,222 30,468 30,947 29,416 30,060 30,145 30,533 30,495 30,994

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,273 127,361 127,465 126,273 127,062 127,161 127,260 127,361 127,465

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,064 72,776 72,656 72,915 72,938 72,946 72,973 72,705 72,492

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.9 57.1 57.0 57.7 57.4 57.4 57.3 57.1 56.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,540 67,901 67,741 67,301 67,612 67,819 68,005 67,851 67,494

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.5 53.3 53.1 53.3 53.2 53.3 53.4 53.3 53.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,523 4,875 4,915 5,614 5,326 5,127 4,968 4,854 4,998

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 6.7 6.8 7.7 7.3 7.0 6.8 6.7 6.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,209 54,585 54,809 53,358 54,124 54,215 54,287 54,657 54,973

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,980 119,131 119,246 117,980 118,804 118,907 119,018 119,131 119,246

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,277 70,153 69,968 70,041 70,075 70,033 70,140 69,936 69,707

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.6 58.9 58.7 59.4 59.0 58.9 58.9 58.7 58.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,316 65,748 65,565 65,014 65,314 65,489 65,750 65,582 65,255

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.4 55.2 55.0 55.1 55.0 55.1 55.2 55.1 54.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,961 4,405 4,403 5,027 4,761 4,544 4,390 4,354 4,451

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 6.3 6.3 7.2 6.8 6.5 6.3 6.2 6.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,703 48,978 49,278 47,939 48,730 48,875 48,878 49,195 49,539

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,907 16,745 16,721 16,907 16,805 16,795 16,770 16,745 16,721

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,629 5,559 5,482 5,856 5,878 5,857 5,707 5,825 5,713

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.3 33.2 32.8 34.6 35.0 34.9 34.0 34.8 34.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,306 4,376 4,289 4,469 4,469 4,469 4,410 4,578 4,443

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.5 26.1 25.7 26.4 26.6 26.6 26.3 27.3 26.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,322 1,183 1,193 1,387 1,409 1,388 1,297 1,248 1,269

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.5 21.3 21.8 23.7 24.0 23.7 22.7 21.4 22.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,278 11,186 11,239 11,051 10,927 10,938 11,062 10,920 11,008

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Oct.

2012

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

June

2013

July

2013

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193,633 194,610 194,734 193,633 194,254 194,373 194,489 194,610 194,734

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124,085 123,362 122,916 123,794 123,766 123,719 123,378 123,179 122,711

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.1 63.4 63.1 63.9 63.7 63.7 63.4 63.3 63.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,885 115,862 115,530 115,205 115,563 115,552 115,464 115,388 114,920

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.8 59.5 59.3 59.5 59.5 59.4 59.4 59.3 59.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,200 7,500 7,386 8,588 8,204 8,167 7,913 7,791 7,791

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6 6.1 6.0 6.9 6.6 6.6 6.4 6.3 6.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,548 71,248 71,818 69,839 70,488 70,654 71,112 71,431 72,023

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,923 64,463 64,206 64,718 64,625 64,595 64,433 64,323 64,072

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.7 72.7 72.4 73.5 73.1 73.0 72.8 72.6 72.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,980 60,796 60,537 60,493 60,620 60,528 60,416 60,408 60,128

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.3 68.6 68.2 68.7 68.6 68.4 68.2 68.1 67.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,943 3,667 3,669 4,225 4,005 4,067 4,017 3,915 3,944

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 5.7 5.7 6.5 6.2 6.3 6.2 6.1 6.2

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,685 54,506 54,295 54,423 54,469 54,501 54,474 54,279 54,061

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.8 58.3 58.0 58.5 58.4 58.4 58.3 58.1 57.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,352 51,488 51,419 51,020 51,222 51,339 51,494 51,285 51,102

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.2 55.1 55.0 54.9 54.9 55.0 55.1 54.8 54.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,333 3,018 2,875 3,403 3,247 3,162 2,980 2,994 2,959

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 5.5 5.3 6.3 6.0 5.8 5.5 5.5 5.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,477 4,392 4,415 4,653 4,672 4,623 4,470 4,577 4,578

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.5 35.2 35.5 36.9 37.3 37.0 35.8 36.7 36.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,553 3,578 3,574 3,692 3,721 3,685 3,555 3,695 3,690

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.2 28.7 28.7 29.3 29.7 29.5 28.5 29.6 29.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 924 815 842 961 951 938 916 882 888

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.6 18.5 19.1 20.7 20.4 20.3 20.5 19.3 19.4

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,027 30,462 30,500 30,027 30,355 30,390 30,426 30,462 30,500

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,767 18,559 18,599 18,716 18,636 18,671 18,511 18,670 18,512

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 60.9 61.0 62.3 61.4 61.4 60.8 61.3 60.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,172 16,168 16,229 16,011 16,090 16,318 16,108 16,269 16,085

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.9 53.1 53.2 53.3 53.0 53.7 52.9 53.4 52.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,595 2,391 2,370 2,705 2,546 2,353 2,403 2,402 2,427

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.8 12.9 12.7 14.5 13.7 12.6 13.0 12.9 13.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,261 11,903 11,901 11,311 11,719 11,719 11,914 11,792 11,988

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,318 8,450 8,387 8,296 8,358 8,434 8,324 8,499 8,377

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.8 67.5 66.9 67.6 67.1 67.6 66.6 67.9 66.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,222 7,289 7,364 7,127 7,270 7,382 7,204 7,307 7,289

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.9 58.2 58.7 58.1 58.4 59.2 57.6 58.3 58.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,096 1,160 1,022 1,169 1,088 1,052 1,120 1,192 1,089

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2 13.7 12.2 14.1 13.0 12.5 13.5 14.0 13.0

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,710 9,424 9,540 9,668 9,556 9,508 9,450 9,421 9,442

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.1 61.2 61.9 63.8 62.3 62.0 61.5 61.2 61.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,503 8,439 8,419 8,440 8,413 8,510 8,449 8,475 8,353

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.1 54.8 54.6 55.7 54.9 55.5 55.0 55.1 54.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,206 985 1,121 1,228 1,143 998 1,001 946 1,089

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.4 10.5 11.8 12.7 12.0 10.5 10.6 10.0 11.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 739 685 672 752 722 729 738 750 693

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.2 26.9 26.4 28.7 28.1 28.4 28.9 29.4 27.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446 440 445 444 407 426 456 487 444

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.1 17.3 17.5 17.0 15.8 16.6 17.8 19.1 17.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293 245 227 307 315 303 282 263 249

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.6 35.8 33.7 40.9 43.6 41.6 38.2 35.1 36.0

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,939 13,330 13,355 – – – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Oct.

2012

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

June

2013

July

2013

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,149 8,675 8,498 – – – – – –

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.0 65.1 63.6 – – – – – –

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,753 8,218 8,055 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.9 61.6 60.3 – – – – – –

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396 458 443 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 5.3 5.2 – – – – – –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,790 4,655 4,857 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Oct.

2012

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

June

2013

July

2013

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population.................. 37,058 37,713 37,796 37,058 37,471 37,548 37,630 37,713 37,796

Civilian labor force................................. 24,602 24,802 24,827 24,572 24,869 25,040 24,942 24,826 24,808

Participation rate................................. 66.4 65.8 65.7 66.3 66.4 66.7 66.3 65.8 65.6

Employed......................................... 22,221 22,690 22,643 22,112 22,601 22,675 22,612 22,598 22,555

Employment-population ratio................ 60.0 60.2 59.9 59.7 60.3 60.4 60.1 59.9 59.7

Unemployed...................................... 2,381 2,112 2,184 2,460 2,267 2,366 2,330 2,228 2,253

Unemployment rate........................... 9.7 8.5 8.8 10.0 9.1 9.4 9.3 9.0 9.1

Not in labor force................................... 12,456 12,911 12,968 12,486 12,602 12,508 12,688 12,887 12,988

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 13,643 13,782 13,790 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 81.6 80.9 80.8 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 12,506 12,756 12,715 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 74.8 74.9 74.5 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 1,137 1,026 1,075 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 8.3 7.4 7.8 – – – – – –

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 9,897 9,900 9,907 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 59.3 58.1 58.0 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 8,959 9,102 9,107 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 53.7 53.4 53.4 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 938 798 800 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 9.5 8.1 8.1 – – – – – –

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................. 1,062 1,120 1,130 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 29.0 30.6 30.9 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 755 831 821 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 20.7 22.8 22.5 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 306 289 309 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 28.9 25.8 27.4 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release

of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2012

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

June

2013

July

2013

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................... 11,128 10,995 10,604 11,251 11,161 10,889 10,939 10,860 10,730

Participation rate.................................... 45.3 45.0 44.1 45.8 44.5 45.4 45.4 44.5 44.7

Employed............................................ 9,865 9,967 9,525 9,880 9,969 9,692 9,700 9,743 9,564

Employment-population ratio................... 40.2 40.8 39.6 40.2 39.8 40.4 40.2 39.9 39.8

Unemployed......................................... 1,263 1,027 1,079 1,371 1,192 1,197 1,239 1,117 1,166

Unemployment rate.............................. 11.3 9.3 10.2 12.2 10.7 11.0 11.3 10.3 10.9

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................... 36,614 36,559 36,210 36,735 36,320 36,741 36,592 36,610 36,297

Participation rate.................................... 59.8 58.9 58.3 60.0 59.1 59.0 59.0 59.0 58.4

Employed............................................ 33,783 33,891 33,759 33,681 33,562 33,950 33,826 33,828 33,638

Employment-population ratio................... 55.2 54.6 54.3 55.0 54.6 54.5 54.5 54.5 54.1

Unemployed......................................... 2,831 2,668 2,451 3,054 2,757 2,791 2,766 2,782 2,659

Unemployment rate.............................. 7.7 7.3 6.8 8.3 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.3

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................... 37,905 37,658 37,494 37,662 37,297 37,341 37,496 37,338 37,178

Participation rate.................................... 69.2 67.8 67.4 68.8 68.1 67.3 67.2 67.2 66.8

Employed............................................ 35,307 35,413 35,105 35,043 34,925 35,105 35,216 35,080 34,818

Employment-population ratio................... 64.5 63.8 63.1 64.0 63.7 63.2 63.1 63.2 62.6

Unemployed......................................... 2,598 2,245 2,389 2,619 2,372 2,237 2,281 2,257 2,359

Unemployment rate.............................. 6.9 6.0 6.4 7.0 6.4 6.0 6.1 6.0 6.3

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................... 49,006 49,140 49,607 48,670 49,466 49,173 49,141 49,174 49,340

Participation rate.................................... 75.8 75.2 75.4 75.3 75.6 75.5 75.4 75.3 75.0

Employed............................................ 47,242 47,336 47,780 46,851 47,537 47,281 47,400 47,354 47,472

Employment-population ratio................... 73.1 72.5 72.7 72.5 72.7 72.6 72.8 72.5 72.2

Unemployed......................................... 1,764 1,804 1,826 1,818 1,929 1,891 1,740 1,820 1,869

Unemployment rate.............................. 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.8 3.5 3.7 3.8

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

Oct.

2012

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

Oct.

2013

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,072 21,305 19,254 19,073 1,818 2,232

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,948 10,920 9,850 9,474 1,097 1,445

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.0 51.3 51.2 49.7 60.4 64.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,258 10,169 9,266 8,840 993 1,329

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.7 47.7 48.1 46.3 54.6 59.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 689 750 585 634 105 116

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 6.9 5.9 6.7 9.5 8.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,124 10,385 9,404 9,599 721 787

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,514 3,025 2,111 2,381 403 644

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,082 2,467 1,795 1,978 287 489

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.8 81.5 85.1 83.1 71.2 75.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,873 2,220 1,631 1,788 242 432

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.5 73.4 77.3 75.1 60.2 67.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 246 164 190 44 56

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.0 10.0 9.2 9.6 15.5 11.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432 558 316 402 116 156

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,058 3,095 2,570 2,568 488 527

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,566 2,597 2,212 2,192 354 405

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.9 83.9 86.1 85.3 72.4 76.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,433 2,431 2,109 2,055 324 377

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.6 78.6 82.1 80.0 66.4 71.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 165 103 137 30 28

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 6.4 4.7 6.3 8.3 7.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492 499 358 376 135 122

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,744 9,713 9,428 9,353 316 360

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,010 2,818 2,939 2,736 70 82

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.9 29.0 31.2 29.3 22.2 22.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,850 2,638 2,790 2,561 60 77

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.3 27.2 29.6 27.4 19.0 21.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 180 149 175 10 4

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 6.4 5.1 6.4 – 5.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,734 6,895 6,488 6,617 246 278

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,756 5,472 5,145 4,772 611 701

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,290 3,038 2,903 2,568 387 470

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.2 55.5 56.4 53.8 63.3 67.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,102 2,879 2,736 2,436 366 443

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.9 52.6 53.2 51.1 59.9 63.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 159 168 132 21 27

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 5.2 5.8 5.1 5.3 5.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,466 2,434 2,242 2,203 224 231

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213,964 216,102 93,852 95,381 120,112 120,721

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142,934 142,054 71,930 71,882 71,004 70,173

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.8 65.7 76.6 75.4 59.1 58.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132,321 132,446 66,549 66,846 65,773 65,600

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.8 61.3 70.9 70.1 54.8 54.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,613 9,608 5,382 5,035 5,231 4,573

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 6.8 7.5 7.0 7.4 6.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,030 74,047 21,922 23,499 49,108 50,549

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S.

Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August

2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time

periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and

another period are classified only in the wartime period. Beginning with data for January 2013, estimates for veterans incorporate population controls derived from the updated

Department of Veterans Affairs’ population model.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Oct.

2012

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

Oct.

2013

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population....................................................... 28,613 28,557 215,369 217,824

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 6,148 5,722 149,631 149,195

Participation rate...................................................................... 21.5 20.0 69.5 68.5

Employed.............................................................................. 5,357 4,988 138,682 139,156

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 18.7 17.5 64.4 63.9

Unemployed........................................................................... 791 734 10,949 10,039

Unemployment rate................................................................ 12.9 12.8 7.3 6.7

Not in labor force........................................................................ 22,466 22,835 65,738 68,628

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,739 2,479 75,564 75,317

Participation rate...................................................................... 35.8 33.0 82.7 81.9

Employed.............................................................................. 2,349 2,115 69,977 70,044

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 30.7 28.2 76.6 76.2

Unemployed........................................................................... 390 364 5,587 5,273

Unemployment rate................................................................ 14.2 14.7 7.4 7.0

Not in labor force........................................................................ 4,904 5,031 15,824 16,660

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,349 2,355 67,275 66,671

Participation rate...................................................................... 30.2 29.7 71.0 70.1

Employed.............................................................................. 2,030 2,040 62,276 62,257

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 26.1 25.7 65.7 65.5

Unemployed........................................................................... 319 315 4,999 4,414

Unemployment rate................................................................ 13.6 13.4 7.4 6.6

Not in labor force........................................................................ 5,417 5,580 27,498 28,402

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 1,060 889 6,792 7,208

Participation rate...................................................................... 8.0 6.8 23.3 23.4

Employed.............................................................................. 978 834 6,428 6,855

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 7.4 6.4 22.0 22.3

Unemployed........................................................................... 83 55 363 352

Unemployment rate................................................................ 7.8 6.2 5.3 4.9

Not in labor force........................................................................ 12,144 12,224 22,417 23,566

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing

even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition;

has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or

shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

Oct.

2012

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

Oct.

2013

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 38,288 38,816 18,494 18,843 19,794 19,973

Civilian labor force................................................... 25,268 25,507 14,430 14,797 10,838 10,710

Participation rate................................................... 66.0 65.7 78.0 78.5 54.8 53.6

Employed........................................................... 23,388 23,874 13,473 13,894 9,915 9,980

Employment-population ratio.................................. 61.1 61.5 72.8 73.7 50.1 50.0

Unemployed........................................................ 1,880 1,633 958 903 923 730

Unemployment rate............................................. 7.4 6.4 6.6 6.1 8.5 6.8

Not in labor force..................................................... 13,020 13,308 4,064 4,046 8,956 9,262

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 205,695 207,565 99,216 100,073 106,479 107,492

Civilian labor force................................................... 130,511 129,410 68,285 67,464 62,226 61,946

Participation rate................................................... 63.4 62.3 68.8 67.4 58.4 57.6

Employed........................................................... 120,651 120,270 63,026 62,509 57,625 57,761

Employment-population ratio.................................. 58.7 57.9 63.5 62.5 54.1 53.7

Unemployed........................................................ 9,860 9,140 5,260 4,955 4,601 4,185

Unemployment rate............................................. 7.6 7.1 7.7 7.3 7.4 6.8

Not in labor force..................................................... 75,184 78,155 30,931 32,608 44,253 45,546

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or

one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the

United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2012

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

June

2013

July

2013

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................... 2,222 2,271 2,263 2,195 2,067 2,159 2,204 2,209 2,209

Wage and salary workers1

....................... 1,446 1,477 1,415 1,394 1,268 1,303 1,367 1,397 1,356

Self-employed workers, unincorporated......... 758 762 800 751 790 842 820 772 795

Unpaid family workers............................. 18 32 48 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries............................ 141,817 142,380 141,881 141,245 142,004 142,165 141,947 142,095 141,428

Wage and salary workers1

....................... 132,967 133,612 133,333 132,326 133,273 133,224 133,277 133,319 132,826

Government...................................... 20,745 20,309 19,864 20,555 20,157 20,041 20,365 20,233 19,726

Private industries................................ 112,222 113,303 113,469 111,784 113,167 113,164 112,886 113,099 113,090

Private households............................ 707 694 796 – – – – – –

Other industries............................... 111,514 112,610 112,673 111,058 112,552 112,535 112,244 112,434 112,313

Self-employed workers, unincorporated......... 8,775 8,723 8,492 8,819 8,643 8,831 8,678 8,634 8,531

Unpaid family workers............................. 76 44 57 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3

................... 7,870 7,522 7,700 8,286 8,226 8,245 7,911 7,926 8,050

Slack work or business conditions............... 4,976 4,763 4,878 5,177 5,193 5,177 4,808 4,960 5,047

Could only find part-time work.................... 2,634 2,532 2,618 2,618 2,652 2,665 2,719 2,557 2,599

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 19,460 19,151 19,228 18,896 19,044 19,128 19,339 18,967 18,786

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3

................... 7,768 7,437 7,628 8,162 8,111 8,101 7,785 7,860 7,964

Slack work or business conditions............... 4,910 4,715 4,832 5,105 5,120 5,106 4,747 4,896 4,998

Could only find part-time work.................... 2,613 2,517 2,611 2,631 2,632 2,665 2,714 2,556 2,601

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 19,058 18,848 18,866 18,527 18,696 18,779 18,935 18,696 18,432

1 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the

entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions,

inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training,

retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during

the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2012

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

June

2013

July

2013

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144,039 144,651 144,144 143,328 144,058 144,285 144,170 144,303 143,568

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,306 4,376 4,289 4,469 4,469 4,469 4,410 4,578 4,443

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,459 1,519 1,529 1,448 1,451 1,460 1,412 1,465 1,494

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,848 2,857 2,761 3,032 3,027 3,034 3,014 3,089 2,939

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,732 140,275 139,855 138,858 139,589 139,816 139,760 139,726 139,124

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,535 13,667 13,686 13,549 13,605 13,654 13,543 13,676 13,654

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,197 126,608 126,169 125,285 125,978 126,087 126,205 126,009 125,372

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95,089 94,997 94,553 94,328 94,461 94,476 94,424 94,512 93,898

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,161 31,440 31,391 30,918 31,217 31,176 31,143 31,272 31,158

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,892 30,906 30,745 30,668 30,570 30,686 30,779 30,770 30,544

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,036 32,651 32,417 32,742 32,675 32,613 32,502 32,470 32,196

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,108 31,611 31,616 30,957 31,517 31,612 31,781 31,498 31,474

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,498 76,750 76,403 76,027 76,447 76,466 76,164 76,452 76,074

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,082 2,223 2,113 2,182 2,171 2,138 2,155 2,309 2,205

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 684 740 717 719 696 679 670 714 725

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,398 1,483 1,396 1,467 1,495 1,457 1,508 1,576 1,475

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,416 74,527 74,290 73,845 74,276 74,328 74,010 74,143 73,869

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,081 7,035 6,990 7,096 6,952 7,037 6,956 7,041 6,977

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,335 67,491 67,300 66,790 67,331 67,270 67,122 67,098 66,862

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,817 50,725 50,558 50,342 50,672 50,592 50,388 50,439 50,196

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,937 17,037 16,992 16,715 16,944 16,849 16,791 16,898 16,797

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,661 16,628 16,622 16,527 16,602 16,597 16,571 16,544 16,515

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,219 17,060 16,944 17,100 17,125 17,146 17,026 16,998 16,884

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,518 16,766 16,742 16,447 16,659 16,678 16,733 16,658 16,666

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,540 67,901 67,741 67,301 67,612 67,819 68,005 67,851 67,494

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,224 2,153 2,176 2,287 2,298 2,330 2,255 2,268 2,239

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 775 779 812 729 755 781 741 751 769

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,450 1,374 1,364 1,565 1,532 1,577 1,506 1,513 1,464

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,316 65,748 65,565 65,014 65,314 65,489 65,750 65,582 65,255

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,454 6,632 6,696 6,453 6,653 6,617 6,588 6,635 6,678

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,862 59,116 58,869 58,496 58,647 58,817 59,084 58,912 58,510

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,272 44,272 43,995 43,986 43,790 43,884 44,036 44,072 43,702

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,224 14,403 14,399 14,203 14,272 14,327 14,353 14,374 14,362

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,231 14,278 14,123 14,141 13,968 14,089 14,208 14,226 14,029

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,816 15,591 15,473 15,643 15,550 15,467 15,476 15,472 15,311

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,590 14,845 14,874 14,510 14,857 14,934 15,048 14,840 14,808

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,484 44,130 44,162 44,134 43,963 43,914 43,988 43,744 43,778

Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,716 34,638 34,449 34,561 34,672 34,622 34,755 34,564 34,306

Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,442 9,337 9,381 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,045 117,308 116,798 115,469 115,998 116,090 116,208 116,899 116,276

Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,993 27,343 27,346 27,869 28,059 28,233 27,999 27,405 27,278

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,976 6,952 6,989 6,927 7,065 7,036 7,065 7,030 6,969

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,383 5,310 5,423 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,532 9,486 9,292 9,570 9,432 9,673 9,498 9,406 9,325

1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Oct.

2012

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

June

2013

July

2013

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over............................. 12,248 11,255 11,272 7.9 7.6 7.4 7.3 7.2 7.3

16 to 19 years...................................... 1,387 1,248 1,269 23.7 24.0 23.7 22.7 21.4 22.2

16 to 17 years.................................... 489 508 475 25.3 26.5 29.1 26.3 25.8 24.1

18 to 19 years.................................... 889 765 788 22.7 22.6 19.9 21.7 19.9 21.1

20 years and over.................................. 10,861 10,008 10,002 7.3 6.9 6.8 6.7 6.7 6.7

20 to 24 years.................................... 2,058 2,021 1,945 13.2 13.5 12.6 13.0 12.9 12.5

25 years and over............................... 8,845 7,986 8,095 6.6 6.2 6.1 6.0 6.0 6.1

25 to 54 years................................. 6,933 6,233 6,304 6.8 6.4 6.4 6.3 6.2 6.3

25 to 34 years.............................. 2,760 2,502 2,437 8.2 7.6 7.5 7.8 7.4 7.3

35 to 44 years.............................. 2,060 1,826 1,864 6.3 5.9 6.0 5.7 5.6 5.8

45 to 54 years.............................. 2,113 1,905 2,003 6.1 5.7 5.7 5.5 5.5 5.9

55 years and over............................. 1,921 1,763 1,808 5.8 5.3 5.0 5.1 5.3 5.4

Men, 16 years and over.............................. 6,634 6,401 6,274 8.0 7.8 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.6

16 to 19 years...................................... 800 748 723 26.8 28.0 27.4 25.0 24.5 24.7

16 to 17 years.................................... 284 285 224 28.3 30.8 32.5 26.6 28.5 23.6

18 to 19 years.................................... 527 470 498 26.4 25.8 24.0 25.2 23.0 25.2

20 years and over.................................. 5,834 5,654 5,551 7.3 7.0 7.0 7.1 7.1 7.0

20 to 24 years.................................... 1,139 1,220 1,145 13.8 15.0 14.1 14.4 14.8 14.1

25 years and over............................... 4,742 4,451 4,443 6.6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.2 6.2

25 to 54 years................................. 3,674 3,473 3,444 6.8 6.4 6.4 6.6 6.4 6.4

25 to 34 years.............................. 1,474 1,435 1,369 8.1 7.4 7.7 8.5 7.8 7.5

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,060 1,001 999 6.0 5.8 5.8 5.6 5.7 5.7

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,141 1,037 1,076 6.3 5.8 5.5 5.6 5.7 6.0

55 years and over............................. 1,069 978 999 6.1 5.5 5.6 5.4 5.5 5.7

Women, 16 years and over.......................... 5,614 4,854 4,998 7.7 7.3 7.0 6.8 6.7 6.9

16 to 19 years...................................... 587 500 547 20.4 19.7 20.0 20.4 18.1 19.6

16 to 17 years.................................... 205 224 251 22.0 22.0 25.8 26.0 22.9 24.6

18 to 19 years.................................... 362 295 290 18.8 19.1 15.8 17.9 16.3 16.5

20 years and over.................................. 5,027 4,354 4,451 7.2 6.8 6.5 6.3 6.2 6.4

20 to 24 years.................................... 918 802 800 12.5 11.9 10.8 11.4 10.8 10.7

25 years and over............................... 4,103 3,535 3,652 6.6 6.2 6.0 5.7 5.7 5.9

25 to 54 years................................. 3,260 2,760 2,860 6.9 6.5 6.5 6.0 5.9 6.1

25 to 34 years.............................. 1,287 1,067 1,068 8.3 7.9 7.4 7.1 6.9 6.9

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,000 824 865 6.6 6.2 6.2 5.7 5.5 5.8

45 to 54 years.............................. 973 868 927 5.9 5.6 5.9 5.3 5.3 5.7

55 years and over1

........................... 842 804 800 5.5 5.4 4.9 5.2 5.1 5.1

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present....................... 2,152 2,031 2,078 4.6 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.5

Married women, spouse present.................... 1,855 1,588 1,679 5.1 4.6 4.6 4.2 4.4 4.7

Women who maintain families1

.................... 1,231 896 982 11.5 10.7 10.5 11.0 8.8 9.5

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2.................................... 10,427 9,594 9,693 8.3 7.9 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.7

Part-time workers3................................... 1,840 1,693 1,579 6.2 6.1 6.2 5.6 5.8 5.5

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.

3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time

jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2012

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

June

2013

July

2013

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 6,125 5,470 5,649 6,536 6,119 5,921 5,970 5,844 6,253

On temporary layoff................................ 741 732 1,059 1,077 1,199 1,221 1,062 1,087 1,535

Not on temporary layoff............................ 5,383 4,738 4,590 5,460 4,920 4,700 4,908 4,758 4,717

Permanent job losers............................ 4,212 3,536 3,478 4,261 3,700 3,589 3,714 3,569 3,556

Persons who completed temporary jobs...... 1,171 1,201 1,112 1,199 1,220 1,111 1,194 1,188 1,161

Job leavers............................................. 1,065 1,068 883 1,009 1,030 979 893 989 861

Reentrants............................................. 3,295 3,206 3,071 3,319 3,291 3,258 3,129 3,181 3,117

New entrants.......................................... 1,255 1,140 1,171 1,302 1,259 1,254 1,299 1,222 1,223

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 52.2 50.3 52.4 53.7 52.3 51.9 52.9 52.0 54.6

On temporary layoff................................ 6.3 6.7 9.8 8.8 10.2 10.7 9.4 9.7 13.4

Not on temporary layoff............................ 45.9 43.5 42.6 44.9 42.1 41.2 43.5 42.3 41.2

Job leavers............................................. 9.1 9.8 8.2 8.3 8.8 8.6 7.9 8.8 7.5

Reentrants............................................. 28.1 29.5 28.5 27.3 28.1 28.5 27.7 28.3 27.2

New entrants.......................................... 10.7 10.5 10.9 10.7 10.8 11.0 11.5 10.9 10.7

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 3.9 3.5 3.6 4.2 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.8 4.0

Job leavers............................................. 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Reentrants............................................. 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0

New entrants.......................................... 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2012

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

June

2013

July

2013

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 2,413 2,588 2,585 2,633 2,692 2,563 2,563 2,596 2,761

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 2,647 2,527 2,460 2,847 2,864 2,869 2,766 2,703 2,656

15 weeks and over.................................... 6,680 5,770 5,729 6,829 6,225 6,034 5,984 5,950 5,846

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 1,766 1,683 1,772 1,813 1,896 1,788 1,694 1,804 1,782

27 weeks and over................................. 4,915 4,087 3,957 5,017 4,328 4,246 4,290 4,146 4,063

Average (mean) duration, in weeks................ 40.9 37.6 36.5 39.9 35.6 36.6 37.0 36.9 36.1

Median duration, in weeks........................... 20.3 16.6 16.8 19.6 16.3 15.7 16.4 16.3 16.3

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 20.6 23.8 24.0 21.4 22.9 22.4 22.7 23.1 24.5

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 22.5 23.2 22.8 23.1 24.3 25.0 24.4 24.0 23.6

15 weeks and over.................................... 56.9 53.0 53.2 55.5 52.8 52.6 52.9 52.9 51.9

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 15.0 15.5 16.4 14.7 16.1 15.6 15.0 16.0 15.8

27 weeks and over................................. 41.9 37.6 36.7 40.8 36.7 37.0 37.9 36.9 36.1

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Oct.

2012

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

Oct.

2013

Total, 16 years and over1............................................. 144,039 144,144 11,741 10,773 7.5 7.0

Management, professional, and related occupations............ 55,223 55,155 2,170 1,930 3.8 3.4

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations...................................................... 22,998 22,842 848 880 3.6 3.7

Professional and related occupations........................... 32,225 32,314 1,323 1,050 3.9 3.1

Service occupations.................................................. 25,341 25,951 2,529 2,217 9.1 7.9

Sales and office occupations....................................... 33,139 32,966 2,555 2,535 7.2 7.1

Sales and related occupations................................... 15,662 15,408 1,187 1,214 7.0 7.3

Office and administrative support occupations................. 17,477 17,558 1,368 1,321 7.3 7.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations......................................................... 13,206 12,995 1,489 1,257 10.1 8.8

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations..................... 1,004 1,021 122 150 10.9 12.8

Construction and extraction occupations....................... 7,195 7,037 1,034 826 12.6 10.5

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............. 5,008 4,937 332 280 6.2 5.4

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations......................................................... 17,130 17,077 1,693 1,619 9.0 8.7

Production occupations........................................... 8,723 8,421 830 707 8.7 7.7

Transportation and material moving occupations.............. 8,407 8,656 863 912 9.3 9.5

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Oct.

2012

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

Oct.

2013

Total, 16 years and over1................................................................ 11,741 10,773 7.5 7.0

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers................................... 8,892 8,011 7.3 6.6

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction..................................... 61 67 6.1 6.1

Construction........................................................................... 930 733 11.4 9.0

Manufacturing......................................................................... 1,102 956 7.0 6.2

Durable goods...................................................................... 672 609 6.8 6.1

Nondurable goods................................................................. 430 348 7.4 6.3

Wholesale and retail trade.......................................................... 1,457 1,355 7.1 6.8

Transportation and utilities.......................................................... 376 390 6.6 6.4

Information............................................................................ 215 217 7.7 7.9

Financial activities.................................................................... 442 442 4.9 4.6

Professional and business services................................................ 1,252 1,208 8.1 7.5

Education and health services...................................................... 1,244 946 5.5 4.2

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 1,352 1,185 9.9 8.8

Other services........................................................................ 460 511 6.7 7.7

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers.......................... 146 163 9.5 10.7

Government workers.................................................................... 907 920 4.2 4.4

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............. 540 509 5.3 5.1

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2012

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

June

2013

July

2013

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as

a percent of the civilian labor force.............. 4.3 3.7 3.7 4.4 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.8

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force........................................... 3.9 3.5 3.6 4.2 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.8 4.0

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate).................................................. 7.5 7.0 7.0 7.9 7.6 7.4 7.3 7.2 7.3

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

discouraged workers............................... 8.0 7.5 7.4 8.4 8.2 8.0 7.8 7.7 7.8

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers,

plus all other persons marginally attached to

the labor force, as a percent of the civilian

labor force plus all persons marginally attached

to the labor force................................... 9.0 8.4 8.3 9.3 9.1 8.8 8.7 8.6 8.6

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic reasons,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all

persons marginally attached to the labor

force.................................................. 13.9 13.1 13.2 14.5 14.3 14.0 13.7 13.6 13.8

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are

available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a

job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for

full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

Oct.

2012

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2012

Oct.

2013

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force............................................. 88,204 91,463 34,995 36,654 53,209 54,809

Persons who currently want a job.................................. 6,142 5,683 2,666 2,659 3,476 3,025

Marginally attached to the labor force1........................ 2,433 2,283 1,144 1,267 1,289 1,016

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 813 815 460 542 353 273

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . .. 1,620 1,468 684 725 936 743

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4

............................................. 6,976 6,989 3,427 3,428 3,550 3,562

Percent of total employed........................................... 4.8 4.8 4.5 4.5 5.3 5.3

Primary job full time, secondary job part time.................... 3,633 3,645 2,027 2,028 1,607 1,617

Primary and secondary jobs both part time....................... 1,899 2,074 603 725 1,296 1,348

Primary and secondary jobs both full time........................ 253 232 159 146 95 86

Hours vary on primary or secondary job.......................... 1,150 1,014 613 518 537 496

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week,

but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling

or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation

problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

Change

from:

Sept.2013

-

Oct.2013p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135,241 136,002 136,600 137,540 134,225 136,187 136,350 136,554 204

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,987 115,239 114,855 115,308 112,337 114,330 114,480 114,692 212

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,712 19,041 18,982 18,980 18,421 18,645 18,672 18,707 35

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 852 895 894 895 841 877 882 887 5

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.1 53.5 54.5 54.2 50.8 51.0 51.5 51.7 0.2

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799.3 841.6 839.3 840.7 790.5 825.9 830.9 835.1 4.2

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187.8 199.1 197.8 198.1 188.2 196.5 197.5 198.7 1.2

Mining, except oil and gas1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223.9 228.0 226.5 226.3 219.0 221.0 221.9 222.9 1.0

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.8 86.0 85.4 85.8 83.1 85.8 85.8 86.4 0.6

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387.6 414.5 415.0 416.3 383.3 408.4 411.5 413.5 2.0

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,880 6,086 6,055 6,056 5,649 5,805 5,823 5,834 11

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,272.4 1,306.3 1,303.2 1,316.2 1,235.0 1,265.7 1,273.1 1,279.5 6.4

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 587.0 610.0 604.6 609.7 570.8 587.1 588.7 593.2 4.5

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 685.4 696.3 698.6 706.5 664.2 678.6 684.4 686.3 1.9

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . . 943.6 961.4 963.9 959.7 879.1 893.3 895.1 895.3 0.2

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,663.6 3,818.1 3,788.2 3,779.8 3,535.3 3,646.3 3,654.5 3,659.3 4.8

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . 1,539.9 1,640.8 1,625.0 1,618.4 1,481.6 1,559.1 1,562.5 1,562.8 0.3

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . . 2,123.7 2,177.3 2,163.2 2,161.4 2,053.7 2,087.2 2,092.0 2,096.5 4.5

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,980 12,060 12,033 12,029 11,931 11,963 11,967 11,986 19

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,480 7,556 7,543 7,550 7,466 7,520 7,530 7,542 12

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340.1 353.1 350.1 352.5 339.0 348.3 348.7 351.8 3.1

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367.1 379.1 376.9 376.8 360.8 370.2 370.4 370.8 0.4

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402.3 394.3 393.5 391.2 401.5 392.7 392.1 390.5 -1.6

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,421.1 1,444.2 1,445.6 1,448.5 1,416.2 1,437.3 1,442.9 1,446.0 3.1

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,097.5 1,104.1 1,104.8 1,105.4 1,097.1 1,102.4 1,106.4 1,106.1 -0.3

Computer and electronic products1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,087.3 1,087.2 1,082.2 1,077.6 1,088.4 1,082.3 1,082.4 1,079.2 -3.2

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . . 157.8 165.0 164.4 163.4 158.3 164.2 164.4 164.0 -0.4

Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108.2 106.3 104.8 104.4 108.2 106.2 105.0 104.8 -0.2

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382.6 381.0 379.4 376.7 382.9 378.7 378.8 376.8 -2.0

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397.7 395.8 394.6 394.1 398.1 394.2 395.1 394.8 -0.3

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . . 369.5 363.5 363.9 365.6 370.2 363.5 364.2 365.7 1.5

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,464.8 1,491.0 1,494.4 1,497.6 1,464.7 1,492.0 1,493.3 1,498.3 5.0

Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 774.8 812.7 818.0 822.2 774.9 813.4 816.7 822.4 5.7

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349.5 360.5 354.7 355.9 348.6 354.8 352.5 355.9 3.4

Miscellaneous durable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 581.1 578.5 577.3 578.8 579.9 576.8 576.9 577.6 0.7

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,500 4,504 4,490 4,479 4,465 4,443 4,437 4,444 7

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,501.3 1,504.0 1,500.6 1,492.8 1,477.0 1,464.1 1,463.2 1,467.0 3.8

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.6 114.6 114.3 114.9 116.7 114.4 113.9 114.9 1.0

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.3 115.3 114.5 114.2 116.7 114.3 114.1 113.6 -0.5

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147.5 140.7 141.0 140.7 146.7 141.1 140.4 140.3 -0.1

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377.8 377.2 374.4 373.0 377.8 376.0 374.1 373.2 -0.9

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . . 460.2 446.9 444.3 445.3 458.8 445.5 444.1 444.2 0.1

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.6 117.6 116.9 116.7 114.1 115.0 114.7 113.6 -1.1

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 785.3 796.6 792.0 792.6 786.1 793.8 791.8 794.1 2.3

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 648.3 659.8 658.9 655.1 647.7 654.0 654.8 655.5 0.7

Miscellaneous nondurable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228.1 231.3 233.3 233.5 223.2 225.0 225.6 227.9 2.3

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94,275 96,198 95,873 96,328 93,916 95,685 95,808 95,985 177

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,684 26,006 26,015 26,187 25,623 26,025 26,091 26,130 39

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,713.8 5,798.7 5,792.0 5,797.9 5,699.0 5,775.2 5,789.5 5,784.1 -5.4

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,841.6 2,884.9 2,879.0 2,878.6 2,836.5 2,871.6 2,876.9 2,875.3 -1.6

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,992.1 2,013.7 2,015.0 2,017.2 1,984.2 2,007.1 2,014.5 2,009.4 -5.1

Electronic markets and agents and brokers.. . 880.1 900.1 898.0 902.1 878.3 896.5 898.1 899.4 1.3

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,935.9 15,225.7 15,143.4 15,302.9 14,928.3 15,229.1 15,251.4 15,295.8 44.4

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,749.7 1,797.7 1,799.9 1,795.3 1,743.3 1,781.4 1,786.1 1,787.7 1.6

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,104.9 1,133.7 1,137.6 1,135.2 1,102.2 1,126.9 1,130.7 1,131.1 0.4

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

Change

from:

Sept.2013

-

Oct.2013p

Retail trade - Continued

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . . 449.1 443.4 443.2 458.0 441.5 450.6 451.1 452.7 1.6

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 503.0 502.7 506.7 531.0 502.8 514.6 519.2 528.8 9.6

Building material and garden supply stores.. . 1,147.7 1,207.8 1,189.5 1,189.1 1,169.7 1,197.7 1,203.1 1,209.8 6.7

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,873.5 2,958.1 2,943.7 2,963.1 2,870.2 2,940.9 2,947.8 2,959.3 11.5

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,017.8 1,029.5 1,034.1 1,040.2 1,019.7 1,033.3 1,039.5 1,041.2 1.7

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 843.2 873.8 867.7 869.8 841.5 860.9 862.9 868.1 5.2

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . . 1,431.7 1,462.7 1,415.5 1,424.8 1,426.3 1,454.2 1,440.8 1,428.3 -12.5

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 578.2 583.7 584.4 594.5 579.6 583.2 585.6 594.0 8.4

General merchandise stores1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,066.3 3,108.4 3,099.0 3,149.6 3,080.1 3,148.1 3,154.8 3,162.6 7.8

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,465.1 1,463.4 1,454.0 1,479.7 1,481.8 1,494.6 1,495.5 1,496.4 0.9

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 822.1 814.3 810.7 817.4 812.0 812.3 807.1 806.1 -1.0

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453.6 443.6 449.0 470.1 441.6 451.9 453.4 457.2 3.8

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,477.8 4,423.7 4,524.6 4,530.4 4,438.8 4,464.1 4,493.6 4,493.6 0.0

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454.3 447.5 445.9 444.2 455.5 444.0 444.6 444.8 0.2

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229.8 230.3 230.3 230.3 229.3 229.1 230.5 230.2 -0.3

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.2 64.6 63.6 63.3 63.6 62.3 62.4 62.5 0.1

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,380.9 1,409.4 1,405.8 1,401.8 1,362.9 1,383.2 1,384.5 1,384.9 0.4

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475.6 382.1 484.9 490.1 456.7 450.2 474.0 472.3 -1.7

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.1 45.5 45.3 45.6 44.2 45.4 45.3 45.6 0.3

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . . 27.5 33.2 30.8 27.1 26.7 25.8 26.0 26.2 0.2

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . . 585.7 592.4 590.3 592.4 582.9 592.4 591.4 589.7 -1.7

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517.3 523.5 524.8 525.4 526.3 536.5 536.3 537.2 0.9

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 698.4 695.2 702.9 710.2 690.7 695.2 698.6 700.2 1.6

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 556.0 558.2 555.3 556.2 556.8 556.3 556.3 556.7 0.4

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,664 2,683 2,665 2,676 2,671 2,679 2,683 2,688 5

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . 738.1 730.0 727.2 727.1 736.4 726.3 725.9 724.7 -1.2

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360.6 363.6 354.6 358.0 368.3 362.9 369.0 371.8 2.8

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284.3 285.2 287.1 288.6 283.4 286.6 286.6 287.9 1.3

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 854.0 862.3 858.1 859.7 855.2 863.0 861.1 860.8 -0.3

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250.4 255.2 253.8 254.3 251.0 255.2 255.1 254.9 -0.2

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.5 186.8 184.4 188.0 176.5 185.1 185.2 187.7 2.5

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,820 7,956 7,906 7,911 7,817 7,904 7,903 7,910 7

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,855.9 5,917.9 5,895.0 5,906.3 5,858.5 5,908.3 5,906.0 5,909.8 3.8

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . . 17.3 17.0 16.8 16.9 17.2 16.8 16.7 16.8 0.1

Credit intermediation and related

activities1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,591.6 2,614.2 2,597.7 2,593.9 2,595.8 2,608.7 2,602.0 2,599.2 -2.8

Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . . 1,735.9 1,734.3 1,721.6 1,719.4 1,739.1 1,729.2 1,726.6 1,724.3 -2.3

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,315.2 1,300.5 1,291.5 1,289.6 1,317.9 1,297.1 1,295.2 1,292.4 -2.8

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 817.9 834.1 830.0 836.2 816.5 832.8 833.5 835.2 1.7

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . . 2,342.5 2,365.8 2,364.9 2,373.5 2,342.3 2,363.7 2,367.8 2,372.6 4.8

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles. . . 86.6 86.8 85.6 85.8 86.7 86.3 86.0 86.0 0.0

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,963.8 2,038.2 2,010.5 2,005.1 1,958.9 1,995.9 1,997.4 2,000.4 3.0

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,422.8 1,477.1 1,457.8 1,458.3 1,419.0 1,450.4 1,451.3 1,455.0 3.7

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517.1 537.8 529.8 524.3 516.0 522.4 523.3 522.9 -0.4

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . . 23.9 23.3 22.9 22.5 23.9 23.1 22.8 22.5 -0.3

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,239 18,770 18,743 18,884 18,062 18,630 18,662 18,706 44

Professional and technical services1. . . . . . . . . . . 7,932.1 8,111.7 8,068.8 8,146.0 7,963.2 8,148.0 8,154.8 8,176.2 21.4

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,125.9 1,130.0 1,124.0 1,130.2 1,125.1 1,128.9 1,130.1 1,129.2 -0.9

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . . 849.8 873.7 871.6 887.4 920.8 947.3 949.0 956.0 7.0

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . 1,337.8 1,376.6 1,367.2 1,373.1 1,329.8 1,358.6 1,360.4 1,365.4 5.0

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,652.3 1,705.9 1,693.4 1,708.2 1,644.7 1,700.1 1,698.4 1,701.6 3.2

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,147.3 1,196.1 1,194.6 1,214.5 1,137.6 1,192.9 1,197.1 1,204.8 7.7

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

Change

from:

Sept.2013

-

Oct.2013p

Professional and business services - Continued

Management of companies and enterprises. . . . 2,018.6 2,057.6 2,049.5 2,057.5 2,019.8 2,051.1 2,050.9 2,058.2 7.3

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,288.2 8,600.4 8,625.0 8,680.1 8,079.1 8,431.3 8,456.6 8,472.0 15.4

Administrative and support services1

. . . . . . . . 7,912.7 8,213.8 8,242.7 8,300.6 7,706.4 8,052.3 8,077.4 8,094.1 16.7

Employment services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,308.0 3,453.9 3,503.7 3,547.6 3,174.7 3,394.8 3,410.6 3,416.0 5.4

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,648.2 2,759.9 2,816.8 2,850.7 2,530.4 2,723.0 2,734.4 2,737.7 3.3

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 845.5 843.9 851.1 868.8 836.1 853.3 854.9 857.1 2.2

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . . 1,886.5 1,991.6 1,955.3 1,940.2 1,839.0 1,892.1 1,890.8 1,893.0 2.2

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375.5 386.6 382.3 379.5 372.7 379.0 379.2 377.9 -1.3

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,616 20,420 20,661 20,948 20,446 20,742 20,748 20,771 23

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,503.8 3,084.1 3,321.8 3,535.4 3,367.7 3,384.0 3,381.2 3,387.0 5.8

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,112.0 17,335.4 17,339.0 17,412.4 17,077.8 17,358.1 17,366.8 17,384.3 17.5

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,413.8 14,635.9 14,592.2 14,639.3 14,391.8 14,611.9 14,609.4 14,624.4 15.0

Ambulatory health care services1

. . . . . . . . . 6,402.2 6,559.6 6,554.9 6,588.3 6,381.2 6,554.3 6,561.4 6,572.4 11.0

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,420.2 2,445.5 2,443.6 2,459.0 2,411.5 2,445.2 2,447.2 2,450.7 3.5

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 663.2 698.1 698.9 702.2 662.4 697.9 701.4 701.9 0.5

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,224.5 1,294.9 1,300.0 1,303.2 1,218.9 1,295.2 1,298.2 1,301.0 2.8

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,811.8 4,836.1 4,829.0 4,837.0 4,811.2 4,832.8 4,834.2 4,836.4 2.2

Nursing and residential care facilities1

. . . . 3,199.8 3,240.2 3,208.3 3,214.0 3,199.4 3,224.8 3,213.8 3,215.6 1.8

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,663.4 1,670.4 1,654.0 1,654.0 1,663.4 1,663.8 1,654.8 1,654.8 0.0

Social assistance1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,698.2 2,699.5 2,746.8 2,773.1 2,686.0 2,746.2 2,757.4 2,759.9 2.5

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 873.5 808.6 861.1 873.7 860.9 854.5 858.3 858.1 -0.2

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,796 14,837 14,402 14,227 13,840 14,218 14,231 14,284 53

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,933.8 2,291.6 2,078.8 1,997.0 1,972.5 2,025.2 2,020.8 2,037.0 16.2

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . . 411.1 451.3 438.8 437.3 405.9 423.3 424.2 432.4 8.2

Museums, historical sites, and similar

institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.2 144.9 139.3 138.4 136.0 134.6 137.4 138.3 0.9

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . . 1,386.5 1,695.4 1,500.7 1,421.3 1,430.6 1,467.3 1,459.2 1,466.3 7.1

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,862.4 12,544.9 12,323.2 12,229.7 11,867.9 12,192.5 12,210.1 12,247.3 37.2

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,808.3 1,972.1 1,872.9 1,831.3 1,818.4 1,835.0 1,833.0 1,840.9 7.9

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . . 10,054.1 10,572.8 10,450.3 10,398.4 10,049.5 10,357.5 10,377.1 10,406.4 29.3

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,456 5,526 5,481 5,495 5,457 5,487 5,490 5,496 6

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,197.7 1,201.8 1,205.0 1,201.1 1,195.6 1,198.0 1,200.1 1,198.4 -1.7

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,318.7 1,345.4 1,344.6 1,348.4 1,321.3 1,339.8 1,345.0 1,350.3 5.3

Membership associations and organizations. . . . 2,939.5 2,979.1 2,931.2 2,945.4 2,939.9 2,949.1 2,945.0 2,946.9 1.9

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,254 20,763 21,745 22,232 21,888 21,857 21,870 21,862 -8

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,808.0 2,742.0 2,733.0 2,712.0 2,807.0 2,730.0 2,725.0 2,713.0 -12.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,196.9 2,151.7 2,142.8 2,121.3 2,199.4 2,139.3 2,133.8 2,125.6 -8.2

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 611.5 590.3 590.0 590.6 607.2 590.7 591.3 586.9 -4.4

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,203.0 4,759.0 5,073.0 5,212.0 5,052.0 5,033.0 5,046.0 5,053.0 7.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,554.6 2,088.4 2,421.2 2,560.4 2,394.6 2,378.0 2,389.3 2,391.4 2.1

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 2,648.1 2,670.4 2,652.0 2,651.8 2,657.6 2,655.0 2,656.6 2,661.6 5.0

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,243.0 13,262.0 13,939.0 14,308.0 14,029.0 14,094.0 14,099.0 14,096.0 -3.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,006.9 6,800.5 7,654.5 8,058.1 7,756.1 7,808.9 7,812.8 7,810.3 -2.5

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 6,236.2 6,461.7 6,284.0 6,249.9 6,272.7 6,285.4 6,285.7 6,285.8 0.1

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 34.3 34.5 34.4 34.4

Goods-producing..................................................................... 40.1 40.5 40.5 40.4

Mining and logging................................................................ 43.4 44.1 44.3 44.0

Construction........................................................................ 38.7 39.1 39.1 38.9

Manufacturing...................................................................... 40.5 40.9 40.9 40.9

Durable goods................................................................... 40.7 41.2 41.3 41.3

Nondurable goods............................................................... 40.2 40.3 40.2 40.1

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.2 33.3 33.2 33.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 34.4 34.5 34.4 34.5

Wholesale trade................................................................. 38.5 38.9 38.6 38.8

Retail trade....................................................................... 31.4 31.4 31.3 31.3

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 38.4 38.7 38.7 38.8

Utilities............................................................................ 41.6 42.3 42.4 42.1

Information.......................................................................... 36.2 36.8 36.7 36.7

Financial activities................................................................. 37.1 37.2 37.1 37.1

Professional and business services............................................. 35.8 36.1 36.0 36.0

Education and health services................................................... 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.8

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 26.0 26.0 25.9 25.9

Other services...................................................................... 31.5 31.7 31.7 31.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.4

Durable goods........................................................................ 3.1 3.4 3.4 3.4

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.4

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

Total private................................................. $23.58 $24.05 $24.08 $24.10 $ 808.79 $ 829.73 $ 828.35 $ 829.04

Goods-producing........................................ 24.72 25.26 25.32 25.35 991.27 1,023.03 1,025.46 1,024.14

Mining and logging................................... 28.64 29.83 30.01 30.14 1,242.98 1,315.50 1,329.44 1,326.16

Construction........................................... 25.84 26.22 26.21 26.23 1,000.01 1,025.20 1,024.81 1,020.35

Manufacturing......................................... 23.92 24.46 24.54 24.56 968.76 1,000.41 1,003.69 1,004.50

Durable goods...................................... 25.29 25.85 25.94 25.96 1,029.30 1,065.02 1,071.32 1,072.15

Nondurable goods................................. 21.60 22.05 22.09 22.11 868.32 888.62 888.02 886.61

Private service-providing............................... 23.31 23.77 23.79 23.80 773.89 791.54 789.83 792.54

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 20.58 21.05 21.05 21.10 707.95 726.23 724.12 727.95

Wholesale trade.................................... 27.00 27.72 27.85 27.88 1,039.50 1,078.31 1,075.01 1,081.74

Retail trade.......................................... 16.41 16.71 16.65 16.69 515.27 524.69 521.15 522.40

Transportation and warehousing................. 21.93 22.45 22.47 22.60 842.11 868.82 869.59 876.88

Utilities............................................... 34.21 35.16 35.36 35.08 1,423.14 1,487.27 1,499.26 1,476.87

Information............................................. 31.70 32.75 33.04 33.12 1,147.54 1,205.20 1,212.57 1,215.50

Financial activities.................................... 29.51 30.38 30.38 30.36 1,094.82 1,130.14 1,127.10 1,126.36

Professional and business services................ 28.10 28.51 28.52 28.54 1,005.98 1,029.21 1,026.72 1,027.44

Education and health services...................... 24.29 24.70 24.70 24.71 796.71 810.16 810.16 810.49

Leisure and hospitality............................... 13.39 13.52 13.53 13.50 348.14 351.52 350.43 349.65

Other services......................................... 20.98 21.34 21.43 21.49 660.87 676.48 679.33 681.23

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

Percent

change

from:

Sept.

2013 -

Oct.

2013p

Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

Percent

change

from:

Sept.

2013 -

Oct.

2013p

Total private....................................... 96.5 98.8 98.6 98.8 0.2 108.5 113.3 113.3 113.6 0.3

Goods-producing............................... 84.2 86.0 86.2 86.1 -0.1 94.0 98.2 98.6 98.7 0.1

Mining and logging.......................... 114.7 121.5 122.8 122.6 -0.2 131.9 145.6 147.9 148.4 0.3

Construction.................................. 75.4 78.2 78.5 78.2 -0.4 84.6 89.1 89.4 89.2 -0.2

Manufacturing................................ 86.9 88.0 88.1 88.2 0.1 96.7 100.1 100.5 100.7 0.2

Durable goods............................ 85.6 87.2 87.6 87.7 0.1 96.1 100.1 100.9 101.1 0.2

Nondurable goods........................ 89.6 89.4 89.0 88.9 -0.1 98.2 100.0 99.8 99.8 0.0

Private service-providing...................... 100.1 102.3 102.1 102.6 0.5 113.0 117.8 117.7 118.3 0.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 95.9 97.7 97.6 98.0 0.4 106.2 110.6 110.6 111.3 0.6

Wholesale trade........................... 95.7 98.0 97.5 97.9 0.4 107.9 113.4 113.3 113.9 0.5

Retail trade................................ 95.2 97.1 97.0 97.3 0.3 103.3 107.3 106.7 107.3 0.6

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 97.6 98.9 99.5 99.8 0.3 108.6 112.6 113.5 114.4 0.8

Utilities..................................... 100.2 101.8 102.1 101.4 -0.7 113.3 118.3 119.2 117.5 -1.4

Information................................... 88.3 90.0 89.9 90.1 0.2 99.7 105.0 105.8 106.2 0.4

Financial activities........................... 95.0 96.3 96.0 96.1 0.1 109.3 114.1 113.8 113.8 0.0

Professional and business services....... 101.7 105.8 105.7 105.9 0.2 115.8 122.2 122.1 122.5 0.3

Education and health services............. 109.2 110.8 110.8 110.9 0.1 124.2 128.2 128.2 128.4 0.2

Leisure and hospitality...................... 102.7 105.5 105.2 105.6 0.4 110.9 115.1 114.8 115.0 0.2

Other services............................... 95.2 96.4 96.4 96.5 0.1 113.4 116.7 117.3 117.7 0.3

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

Total nonfarm............................................... 66,285 67,311 67,396 67,486 49.4 49.4 49.4 49.4

Total private.............................................. 53,822 54,832 54,885 54,974 47.9 48.0 47.9 47.9

Goods-producing...................................... 4,098 4,101 4,103 4,113 22.2 22.0 22.0 22.0

Mining and logging................................. 113 118 117 118 13.4 13.5 13.3 13.3

Construction........................................ 728 742 742 743 12.9 12.8 12.7 12.7

Manufacturing....................................... 3,257 3,241 3,244 3,252 27.3 27.1 27.1 27.1

Durable goods................................... 1,729 1,733 1,736 1,740 23.2 23.0 23.1 23.1

Nondurable goods............................... 1,528 1,508 1,508 1,512 34.2 33.9 34.0 34.0

Private service-providing............................. 49,724 50,731 50,782 50,861 52.9 53.0 53.0 53.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities............... 10,368 10,600 10,633 10,649 40.5 40.7 40.8 40.8

Wholesale trade................................. 1,710.3 1,719.5 1,727.2 1,717.2 30.0 29.8 29.8 29.7

Retail trade....................................... 7,482.3 7,691.9 7,706.0 7,733.6 50.1 50.5 50.5 50.6

Transportation and warehousing.............. 1,036.3 1,051.3 1,062.2 1,060.3 23.3 23.6 23.6 23.6

Utilities............................................ 138.9 137.3 137.9 137.4 24.9 24.7 24.8 24.7

Information.......................................... 1,072 1,069 1,070 1,073 40.1 39.9 39.9 39.9

Financial activities.................................. 4,539 4,544 4,545 4,543 58.1 57.5 57.5 57.4

Professional and business services............. 7,975 8,320 8,338 8,362 44.2 44.7 44.7 44.7

Education and health services................... 15,687 15,910 15,914 15,917 76.7 76.7 76.7 76.6

Leisure and hospitality............................. 7,212 7,399 7,395 7,427 52.1 52.0 52.0 52.0

Other services...................................... 2,871 2,889 2,887 2,890 52.6 52.7 52.6 52.6

Government.............................................. 12,463 12,479 12,511 12,512 56.9 57.1 57.2 57.2

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

Total private................................................................................ 92,886 94,424 94,513 94,730

Goods-producing........................................................................ 13,269 13,392 13,416 13,455

Mining and logging................................................................... 637 645 650 654

Construction........................................................................... 4,233 4,381 4,396 4,410

Manufacturing......................................................................... 8,399 8,366 8,370 8,391

Durable goods...................................................................... 5,145 5,158 5,166 5,180

Nondurable goods................................................................. 3,254 3,208 3,204 3,211

Private service-providing............................................................... 79,617 81,032 81,097 81,275

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................................................. 21,758 22,017 22,063 22,097

Wholesale trade.................................................................... 4,591.9 4,654.7 4,663.9 4,665.4

Retail trade......................................................................... 12,868.9 13,052.2 13,068.8 13,097.1

Transportation and warehousing................................................. 3,852.9 3,860.2 3,881.0 3,883.5

Utilities............................................................................... 444.6 449.8 449.7 450.6

Information............................................................................ 2,163 2,175 2,179 2,182

Financial activities.................................................................... 6,023 6,085 6,081 6,083

Professional and business services................................................ 14,968 15,435 15,461 15,504

Education and health services...................................................... 17,917 18,181 18,182 18,210

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 12,226 12,564 12,556 12,620

Other services........................................................................ 4,562 4,575 4,575 4,579

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 33.6 33.7 33.7 33.6

Goods-producing..................................................................... 41.0 41.4 41.4 41.3

Mining and logging................................................................ 45.6 46.1 46.3 45.4

Construction........................................................................ 39.3 39.6 39.8 39.4

Manufacturing...................................................................... 41.5 41.9 41.9 41.9

Durable goods................................................................... 41.7 42.3 42.3 42.4

Nondurable goods............................................................... 41.1 41.3 41.1 41.2

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 33.6 33.7 33.6 33.6

Wholesale trade................................................................. 38.6 38.7 38.5 38.6

Retail trade....................................................................... 30.2 30.3 30.1 30.1

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 38.1 38.4 38.5 38.5

Utilities............................................................................ 40.7 41.7 42.2 41.1

Information.......................................................................... 35.6 35.8 35.9 35.7

Financial activities................................................................. 36.7 36.7 36.8 36.6

Professional and business services............................................. 35.0 35.3 35.3 35.3

Education and health services................................................... 32.3 32.1 32.1 32.1

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 24.9 25.0 24.9 24.9

Other services...................................................................... 30.5 30.6 30.6 30.5

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 4.1 4.4 4.3 4.4

Durable goods........................................................................ 4.1 4.4 4.4 4.5

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 4.1 4.3 4.2 4.3

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

Total private................................................. $19.82 $20.20 $20.24 $20.26 $ 665.95 $ 680.74 $ 682.09 $ 680.74

Goods-producing........................................ 20.97 21.27 21.29 21.31 859.77 880.58 881.41 880.10

Mining and logging................................... 25.93 26.84 27.06 27.25 1,182.41 1,237.32 1,252.88 1,237.15

Construction........................................... 24.06 24.19 24.18 24.24 945.56 957.92 962.36 955.06

Manufacturing......................................... 19.08 19.35 19.36 19.37 791.82 810.77 811.18 811.60

Durable goods...................................... 20.15 20.41 20.42 20.42 840.26 863.34 863.77 865.81

Nondurable goods................................. 17.36 17.60 17.59 17.62 713.50 726.88 722.95 725.94

Private service-providing............................... 19.57 19.97 20.02 20.04 632.11 647.03 648.65 647.29

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 17.47 17.77 17.84 17.86 586.99 598.85 599.42 600.10

Wholesale trade.................................... 22.23 22.67 22.74 22.78 858.08 877.33 875.49 879.31

Retail trade.......................................... 13.87 14.03 14.09 14.10 418.87 425.11 424.11 424.41

Transportation and warehousing................. 19.48 19.99 19.96 20.06 742.19 767.62 768.46 772.31

Utilities............................................... 31.80 32.17 32.41 32.39 1,294.26 1,341.49 1,367.70 1,331.23

Information............................................. 27.06 27.88 27.90 27.98 963.34 998.10 1,001.61 998.89

Financial activities.................................... 23.06 24.11 24.15 24.21 846.30 884.84 888.72 886.09

Professional and business services................ 23.28 23.70 23.70 23.70 814.80 836.61 836.61 836.61

Education and health services...................... 21.16 21.51 21.55 21.59 683.47 690.47 691.76 693.04

Leisure and hospitality............................... 11.66 11.83 11.83 11.85 290.33 295.75 294.57 295.07

Other services......................................... 17.69 17.98 18.05 18.10 539.55 550.19 552.33 552.05

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

Percent

change

from:

Sept.

2013 -

Oct.

2013p

Oct.

2012

Aug.

2013

Sept.

2013p

Oct.

2013p

Percent

change

from:

Sept.

2013 -

Oct.

2013p

Total private....................................... 104.2 106.2 106.3 106.2 -0.1 137.9 143.3 143.7 143.7 0.0

Goods-producing............................... 83.1 84.7 84.9 84.9 0.0 106.8 110.4 110.7 110.8 0.1

Mining and logging.......................... 154.4 158.0 159.9 157.8 -1.3 232.8 246.7 251.7 250.1 -0.6

Construction.................................. 83.3 86.9 87.6 87.0 -0.7 108.2 113.5 114.4 113.9 -0.4

Manufacturing................................ 80.0 80.5 80.5 80.7 0.2 99.8 101.8 101.9 102.2 0.3

Durable goods............................ 80.6 82.0 82.1 82.5 0.5 101.4 104.5 104.7 105.2 0.5

Nondurable goods........................ 78.8 78.1 77.6 77.9 0.4 96.7 97.1 96.4 97.1 0.7

Private service-providing...................... 109.8 112.1 112.2 112.0 -0.2 147.2 153.3 153.9 153.9 0.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 101.9 103.4 103.3 103.5 0.2 127.0 131.1 131.5 131.9 0.3

Wholesale trade........................... 104.4 106.1 105.7 106.1 0.4 136.7 141.7 141.6 142.3 0.5

Retail trade................................ 98.4 100.1 99.6 99.8 0.2 116.9 120.4 120.2 120.6 0.3

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 110.5 111.6 112.5 112.5 0.0 136.5 141.5 142.4 143.2 0.6

Utilities..................................... 92.5 95.9 97.0 94.7 -2.4 122.8 128.8 131.3 128.0 -2.5

Information................................... 87.9 88.9 89.3 88.9 -0.4 117.7 122.7 123.3 123.2 -0.1

Financial activities........................... 104.1 105.1 105.3 104.8 -0.5 147.6 155.9 156.5 156.1 -0.3

Professional and business services....... 117.4 122.1 122.3 122.7 0.3 162.7 172.2 172.5 173.0 0.3

Education and health services............. 124.8 125.9 125.9 126.1 0.2 173.7 178.0 178.4 179.0 0.3

Leisure and hospitality...................... 111.5 115.1 114.5 115.1 0.5 147.7 154.6 153.9 154.9 0.6

Other services............................... 97.6 98.2 98.2 97.9 -0.3 125.8 128.6 129.1 129.2 0.1

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary