For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, May 17, 2011 USDL-11-0722 

Technical information: (202) 691-6569 • oesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/oes 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

OCCUPATIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES – MAY 2010 

Retail salespersons and cashiers were the occupations with the highest employment in 2010, the U.S. 

Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. These two occupations combined made up nearly 6 percent 

of total U.S. employment, with employment levels of 4.2 and 3.4 million, respectively. National 

employment and wage information for all occupations is shown in table 1. 

These data are from the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) program, which provides 

employment and wage estimates for wage and salary workers in 22 major occupational groups and 

nearly 800 detailed occupations. OES produces cross-industry occupational employment and wage data 

for the nation, states, metropolitan areas, metropolitan divisions, and nonmetropolitan areas; industryspecific data for the nation; and data by ownership across all industries and for schools and hospitals. 

Occupations

 The 10 largest occupations accounted for more than 20 percent of total employment in May 

2010. In addition to retail salespersons and cashiers, the largest occupations included general 

office clerks; combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food; registered 

nurses; and waiters and waitresses. (See chart 1.) 

 Most of the largest occupations were relatively low paying. Of the 10 largest occupations, only 

registered nurses had an average wage above the U.S. all-occupations mean of $21.35 per hour 

or $44,410 annually. Combined food preparation and serving workers, cashiers, and waiters and 

waitresses were the three lowest paying of the 10 largest occupations, and also among the 

lowest-paying occupations overall. (See chart 2.) 

 Three of the largest occupations were office and administrative support jobs, helping to make 

office and administrative support the largest occupational group overall, representing 17 percent 

of total employment. The next largest groups were sales and related occupations and food 

preparation and serving related occupations, which made up about 11 and 9 percent of U.S. 

employment, respectively. (See table 1.) 

 The smallest occupational groups included legal occupations and life, physical, and social 

science occupations, each representing around 1 percent of total employment. Most employment 

in these two groups came from occupations with above average wages, such as judges, with an 
- 2 - 

hourly mean wage of $50.67; arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators ($31.95); medical scientists, 

except epidemiologists ($41.69); and physicists ($53.86). (See table 1.) 

Ownership

 Nearly 91 percent of employment in the 10 largest occupations was in the private sector. Among 

the occupations in chart 1, the share of private sector employment ranged from 74 percent of 

janitors and secretaries to nearly 100 percent of retail salespersons and waiters and waitresses. 

Eight of the 10 largest occupations in the private sector were the same as those in the economy as 

a whole as shown in chart 1; stock clerks and order fillers and general and operations managers 

rounded out the largest private sector occupations. 

 Five of the 6 largest occupations in local government were education related: elementary, 

middle, and secondary school teachers, except special education; teacher assistants; and teachers 

and instructors, all other. These 5 occupations made up about 30 percent of local government 

employment. Other large occupations in local government included police and sheriff’s patrol 

officers, janitors, and firefighters. 

 Correctional officers and jailers was the largest occupation in state government, with 

employment of nearly 257,000. Additional large occupations in state government included 

registered nurses, graduate teaching assistants, police and sheriff’s patrol officers, postsecondary 

health specialties teachers, and several office and administrative support occupations. 

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5

Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, 

Medical, and Executive

Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand

Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping 

Cleaners

Customer Service Representatives

Waiters and Waitresses

Registered Nurses

Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers, 

Including Fast Food

General Office Clerks

Cashiers

Retail Salespersons

Employment (millions)

Chart 1. Employment for the Largest Occupations in the United States, 

May 2010
- 3 - 

 Four occupations specific to the U.S. Postal Service made up about 21 percent of federal 

government employment. Aside from these occupations, the largest occupations in the federal 

government included all other business operations specialists, registered nurses, compliance 

officers, and management analysts. 

OES data by ownership are available from www.bls.gov/oes/current/ownership_data.htm. 

Industry

 Health care and social assistance was the industry sector with the highest employment, followed 

by retail trade. Over half of employment in the health care and social assistance sector was in 

healthcare-related occupations, including registered nurses; nursing aides, orderlies, and 

attendants; home health aides; and licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses. Other large 

occupations in this sector included personal care aides, medical secretaries, and childcare 

workers. More than 60 percent of retail trade employment was in just 4 occupations: retail 

salespersons, cashiers, stock clerks and order fillers, and first-line supervisors of retail 

salesworkers. 

 Industries with the highest all-occupations mean wages included computer and peripheral 

equipment manufacturing, software publishers, and several financial services industries. These 

industries tended to have high employment concentrations of occupations with above average 

$0.00 $5.00 $10.00 $15.00 $20.00 $25.00 $30.00 $35.00

Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, 

Medical, and Executive

Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand

Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping 

Cleaners

Customer Service Representatives

Waiters and Waitresses

Registered Nurses

Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers, 

Including Fast Food

General Office Clerks

Cashiers

Retail Salespersons

Hourly mean wage

Chart 2. Hourly Mean Wages for the Largest Occupations in the United 

States, May 2010
- 4 - 

wages. For example, the largest occupations in software publishing included software 

developers, applications, with an hourly mean wage of $45.65; software developers, systems 

software ($48.48); computer programmers ($39.16); and sales representatives, wholesale and 

manufacturing, technical and scientific products ($40.50). 

 The industries with the lowest all-occupations mean wages consisted primarily of food service 

and retail trade industries. In limited-service eating places, the industry with the lowest overall 

average wage, 8 of the 10 largest occupations had mean wages below $10.00 per hour, including 

combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food ($8.62); fast food cooks 

($8.85); and counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop ($8.82). 

OES national industry-specific data are available from www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrci.htm. 

State and Local Area 

 States with high total employment, such as California, Texas, New York, and Florida, also 

tended to have the highest employment of many individual occupations. However, smaller states 

had among the highest employment of some occupations, due to factors such as industry mix or 

natural resource endowments. For example, West Virginia and Kentucky had some of the highest 

employment of several mining-related occupations, including mining roof bolters and shuttle car 

operators, while Iowa had some of the highest employment of farm equipment mechanics and 

soil and plant scientists. 

 While some occupations, such as janitors and dishwashers, made up similar shares of total 

employment in most areas, employment concentrations of other occupations varied considerably 

across areas. For example, as a share of total area employment, San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, 

Calif., had nearly 18 times as many semiconductor processors and computer hardware engineers 

as the U.S. as a whole, while the employment share of commercial and industrial designers in the 

Warren-Farmington Hills-Troy, Mich., metropolitan division was more than 9 times the U.S. 

average. 

 Wages for a given occupation also varied significantly across areas. For example, among areas 

with at least 100 computer hardware engineers, wages for this occupation varied from $35.99 in 

Kansas City, Mo.-Ks., to $59.66 in the Nassau-Suffolk, N.Y., metropolitan division. 

OES data, including location quotients, by state and metropolitan/nonmetropolitan area are available 

from www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcst.htm and www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcma.htm, respectively. 

 
- 5 - 

Changes to Occupational Employment Statistics Data 

The May 2010 OES estimates mark the first set of estimates based in part on data collected using 

the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. Nearly all the occupations in this 

release are 2010 SOC occupations; however, some are not. In these cases, an estimate for a 

temporary occupation was created from data reported for one or more occupations in the 2000 

SOC combined with data reported for one or more 2010 SOC occupations. Some occupations have 

the same title as a 2010 SOC occupation, but not the same content. These occupations are marked 

with an asterisk (*) and given a temporary code for the OES data. The May 2012 OES data will 

reflect the full set of detailed occupations in the 2010 SOC. For a list of all occupations, including 

2010 SOC occupations, and how data collected on two structures were combined, see the OES 

Frequently Asked Questions online at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm#Ques41. 
Technical Note 

Scope of the survey 

The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) 

survey is a semiannual mail survey measuring occupational 

employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in 

nonfarm establishments in the United States. OES data 

available from BLS include cross-industry occupational 

employment and wage estimates for the nation; over 500 

areas, including states and the District of Columbia, 

metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), metropolitan 

divisions, nonmetropolitan areas, and territories; national 

industry-specific estimates at the NAICS sector, 3-, 4-, and 

selected 5-digit industry levels; and national estimates by 

ownership across all industries and for schools and 

hospitals. 

The OES survey is a cooperative effort between BLS 

and the State Workforce Agencies. BLS funds the survey 

and provides the procedures and technical support, while 

the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs) collect most of the 

data. OES estimates are constructed from a sample of about 

1.2 million establishments. Each year, forms are mailed to 

two semiannual panels of approximately 200,000 sampled 

establishments, one panel in May and the other in 

November. May 2010 estimates are based on responses 

from six semiannual panels collected over a 3-year period: 

May 2010, November 2009, May 2009, November 2008, 

May 2008, and November 2007. The overall national 

response rate for the six panels is 78.2 percent based on 

establishments and 74.4 percent based on employment. The 

unweighted employment of sampled establishments across 

all six semiannual panels represents approximately 62.6 

percent of total national employment. 

The occupational coding system 

The OES survey categorizes workers into nearly 800 

detailed occupations based on the Office of Management 

and Budget’s Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) 

system; together, these detailed occupations make up 22 of 

the 23 SOC major occupational groups. Major group 55, 

Military Specific Occupations, is not included. The May 

2010 OES estimates mark the first set of estimates based in 

part on data collected using the 2010 SOC system. Previous 

estimates were based on the 2000 SOC. 

Almost all the occupations in this release are 2010 

SOC occupations; however, some are not. In these cases, an 

estimate for a temporary occupation was created from data 

reported for one or more occupations in the 2000 SOC 

combined with data reported for one or more 2010 SOC 

occupations. Some occupations have the same title as a 

2010 SOC occupation, but not the same content. These 

occupations are marked with an asterisk (*) and given a 

temporary code for the OES data. The May 2012 OES data 

will reflect the full set of detailed occupations in the 2010 

SOC. For a list of all occupations, including 2010 SOC 

occupations, and how data collected on two structures were 

combined, see the OES Frequently Asked Questions online 

at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm#Ques41. 

For more information about the SOC system, please 

see the Bureau of Labor Statistics Web site at 

www.bls.gov/soc/.

The industry coding system 

The OES survey uses the 2007 North American 

Industry Classification System (NAICS). For more 

information about NAICS, see the BLS Web site at 

www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm. 

The OES survey excludes the majority of the 

agricultural sector, with the exception of logging (NAICS 

113310), support activities for crop production (NAICS 

1151), and support activities for animal production (NAICS 

1152). Private households (NAICS 814) also are excluded. 

OES federal government data include the U.S. Postal 

Service and the federal executive branch only. All other 

industries, including state and local government, are 

covered by the survey. 

The OES survey covers all full- and part-time wage 

and salary workers in nonfarm industries. The survey does 

not include the self-employed, owners and partners in 

unincorporated firms, household workers, or unpaid family 

workers.

Survey sample 

The OES survey draws its sample from state 

unemployment insurance (UI) files. Supplemental sources 

are used for rail transportation (NAICS 4821) and Guam 

because they do not report to the UI program. The OES 

survey sample is stratified by metropolitan and 

nonmetropolitan area, industry, and size. 

To provide the most occupational coverage, larger 

employers are more likely to be selected than smaller 

employers. An annual census is taken of the executive 

branch of the federal government, the U.S. Postal Service, 

and state government. 

Concepts 

Occupational employment is the estimate of total 

wage and salary employment in an occupation. The OES 

survey defines employment as the number of workers who 

can be classified as full- or part-time employees, including 

workers on paid vacations or other types of paid leave; 

workers on unpaid short-term absences; salaried officers, 

executives, and staff members of incorporated firms; 

employees temporarily assigned to other units; and 

employees for whom the reporting unit is their permanent 

duty station, regardless of whether that unit prepares their 

paycheck. 

Wages for the OES survey are straight-time, gross 

pay, exclusive of premium pay. Base rate; cost-of-living 
allowances; guaranteed pay; hazardous-duty pay; incentive 

pay, including commissions and production bonuses; and 

tips are included. Excluded are overtime pay, severance 

pay, shift differentials, nonproduction bonuses, employer 

cost for supplementary benefits, and tuition 

reimbursements. 

OES receives wage rate data for the federal 

government, the U.S. Postal Service, and some state 

governments. For the remaining establishments, the OES 

survey collects wage data in 12 intervals. For each 

occupation, respondents are asked to report the number of 

employees paid within specific wage intervals. The 

intervals are defined both as hourly rates and the 

corresponding annual rates, where the annual rate for an 

occupation is calculated by multiplying the hourly wage 

rate by a typical work year of 2,080 hours. The responding 

establishments are instructed to report the hourly rate for 

part-time workers, and to report annual rates for 

occupations that are typically paid at an annual rate but do 

not work 2,080 hours per year, such as teachers, pilots, and 

flight attendants. Other workers, such as some 

entertainment workers, are paid hourly rates, but generally 

do not work 40 hours per week, year round. For these 

workers, only an hourly wage is reported. 

Estimation methodology 

The OES survey is designed to produce estimates by 

combining six panels of data collected over a 3-year period. 

With the exception of the May 2008 panel, each OES panel 

includes approximately 200,000 establishments. Due to 

budget constraints, the May 2008 sample was reduced 

to approximately 174,000 establishments. The full six-panel 

sample of nearly 1.2 million establishments allows the 

production of estimates at detailed levels of geography, 

industry, and occupation. 

Wage updating. Significant reductions in sampling 

errors are obtained by combining six panels of data, 

particularly for small geographic areas and occupations. 

Wages for the current panel need no adjustment. However, 

wages in the five previous panels need to be updated to the 

current panel's reference period. 

The OES program uses the BLS Employment Cost 

Index (ECI) to adjust survey data from prior panels before 

combining them with the current panel's data. The wage 

updating procedure adjusts each detailed occupation's wage 

rate, as measured in the earlier panel, according to the 

average movement of its broader occupational division. 

Imputation. About 20 percent of establishments do not 

respond for a given panel. A "nearest neighbor" hot deck 

imputation procedure is used to impute missing 

occupational employment totals. A variant of mean 

imputation is used to impute missing wage distributions. 

Weighting and benchmarking. The sampled 

establishments are weighted to represent all establishments 

for the reference period. Weights are further adjusted by the 

ratio of employment totals (the average of November 2009 

and May 2010 employment) from the BLS Quarterly 

Census of Employment and Wages to employment totals 

from the OES survey. 

For more information

Answers to frequently asked questions about the OES 

data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm. 

Detailed technical information about the OES survey is 

available in our Survey Methods and Reliability Statement 

on the BLS website at 

www.bls.gov/oes/current/methods_statement.pdf. 
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2010

Hourly Annual1

All occupations $21.35 $44,410 $16.27 127,097,160

Management occupations 6,022,860 50.69 105,440 43.96

Chief executives.............................................................................................................................................. 273,500 83.34 173,350 79.37

General and operations managers................................................................................................................. 1,708,080 54.38 113,100 45.38

Legislators....................................................................................................................................................... 65,710 (2) 38,470 (2)

Advertising and promotions managers.......................................................................................................... 47.46 32,240 98,720 40.33 

Marketing managers....................................................................................................................................... 59.00 164,590 122,720 54.23 

Sales managers.............................................................................................................................................. 319,300 54.86 114,110 47.37

Public relations and fundraising managers.................................................................................................... 53,460 50.19 104,390 44.14

Administrative services managers................................................................................................................. 40.57 240,320 84,390 37.45 

Computer and information systems managers.............................................................................................. 59.27 288,660 123,280 55.67 

Financial managers........................................................................................................................................ 56.24 478,940 116,970 49.96 

Industrial production managers...................................................................................................................... 45.99 143,310 95,660 41.91 

Purchasing managers..................................................................................................................................... 65,220 48.36 100,600 45.71

Transportation, storage, and distribution managers...................................................................................... 90,280 41.65 86,630 38.56

Compensation and benefits managers.......................................................................................................... 29,830 46.61 96,940 42.92

Human resources managers.......................................................................................................................... 67,700 52.21 108,600 47.68

Training and development managers............................................................................................................ 28,070 46.06 95,800 42.87

Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers.................................................................................... 3,680 31.71 65,960 29.21

Construction managers.................................................................................................................................. 191,430 45.31 94,240 40.32

Education administrators, preschool and childcare center/program............................................................. 50,700 24.23 50,410 20.65

Education administrators, elementary and secondary school....................................................................... 222,270 (2) 89,990 (2)

Education administrators, postsecondary...................................................................................................... 110,360 46.48 96,680 40.24

Education administrators, all other................................................................................................................. 28,100 39.36 81,870 36.39

Architectural and engineering managers....................................................................................................... 60.53 174,720 125,900 57.34 

Food service managers.................................................................................................................................. 25.11 186,830 52,220 23.14 

Gaming managers.......................................................................................................................................... 35.55 3,230 73,940 32.19 

Lodging managers.......................................................................................................................................... 26.23 29,920 54,570 22.54 

Medical and health services managers.......................................................................................................... 45.03 282,990 93,670 40.52 

Natural sciences managers............................................................................................................................ 62.17 45,920 129,320 55.78 

Postmasters and mail superintendents.......................................................................................................... 29.09 25,160 60,500 28.99 

Property, real estate, and community association managers........................................................................ 30.00 147,110 62,400 24.75 

Social and community service managers...................................................................................................... 29.98 116,480 62,360 27.86 

Emergency management directors................................................................................................................ 29.00 11,800 60,330 26.61 

Managers, all other......................................................................................................................................... 49.12 342,960 102,160 46.37 

Business and financial operations occupations 6 090 910 32 54 67 690 29 17

Median hourly 

wages

Mean wages

Occupation Employment

Business and financial operations occupations 6,090,910 32.54 67,690 29.17

Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes............................................................ 43.19 11,790 89,840 30.35 

Buyers and purchasing agents, farm products.............................................................................................. 30.55 10,250 63,540 26.07 

Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products....................................................................................... 27.07 108,220 56,300 23.87 

Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products.................................................................. 28.92 272,370 60,160 27.20 

Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators............................................................................................ 28.94 262,540 60,200 28.18 

Insurance appraisers, auto damage.............................................................................................................. 27.75 10,280 57,710 27.03 

Compliance officers........................................................................................................................................ 204,000 29.88 62,140 28.23

Cost estimators............................................................................................................................................... 183,790 29.84 62,060 27.82

Farm labor contractors................................................................................................................................... 830 17.25 35,890 14.42

Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists, all other*........................................................... 417,880 27.80 57,830 25.33

Logisticians..................................................................................................................................................... 104,800 35.34 73,510 34.04

Management analysts.................................................................................................................................... 536,310 41.95 87,260 37.58

Meeting, convention, and event planners*..................................................................................................... 56,950 23.45 48,780 21.76

Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists.................................................................................... 102,830 28.65 59,590 27.41

Training and development specialists............................................................................................................ 203,870 27.54 57,280 26.04

Market research analysts and marketing specialists*.................................................................................... 261,780 32.14 66,850 29.12

Business operations specialists, all other*..................................................................................................... 993,980 32.55 67,710 30.02

Accountants and auditors............................................................................................................................... 33.15 1,072,490 68,960 29.66 

Appraisers and assessors of real estate........................................................................................................ 26.07 62,560 54,230 23.32 

Budget analysts.............................................................................................................................................. 33.97 58,290 70,660 32.79 

Credit analysts................................................................................................................................................ 32.78 62,680 68,180 28.29 

Financial analysts........................................................................................................................................... 41.36 220,810 86,040 35.75 

Personal financial advisors............................................................................................................................. 43.85 155,360 91,220 31.13 

Insurance underwriters................................................................................................................................... 31.35 95,350 65,220 28.51 

Financial examiners........................................................................................................................................ 27,860 39.58 82,320 36.03

Credit counselors............................................................................................................................................ 29,560 20.05 41,700 18.34

Loan officers................................................................................................................................................... 283,330 31.68 65,900 27.16

Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents...................................................................................... 68,530 26.36 54,830 23.73

Tax preparers.................................................................................................................................................. 56,990 17.82 37,060 14.90

Financial specialists, all other......................................................................................................................... 154,640 32.17 66,920 29.32

Computer and mathematical occupations 3,283,950 37.13 77,230 35.44

Computer and information research scientists.............................................................................................. 24,900 49.59 103,150 48.39

Computer systems analysts........................................................................................................................... 495,800 39.06 81,250 37.38

Computer programmers................................................................................................................................. 333,620 36.01 74,900 34.32

Software developers, applications.................................................................................................................. 499,280 43.47 90,410 42.21

Software developers, systems software........................................................................................................ 378,920 47.10 97,960 45.28

Database administrators................................................................................................................................. 104,080 36.41 75,730 35.33

Network and computer systems administrators*........................................................................................... 333,210 34.71 72,200 33.25

See footnotes at end of table.
Hourly Annual1

Computer and mathematical science occupations (Continued)

Computer support specialists......................................................................................................................... $24.00 $49,930 $22.24 579,270

Information security analysts, web developers, and computer network architects....................................... 38.16 243,330 79,370 36.37 

Computer occupations, all other*................................................................................................................... 38.36 183,110 79,790 38.10 

Actuaries......................................................................................................................................................... 18,320 47.41 98,620 42.14

Mathematicians............................................................................................................................................... 2,830 48.20 100,260 47.78

Operations research analysts......................................................................................................................... 62,210 37.01 76,980 34.12

Statisticians..................................................................................................................................................... 22,830 36.57 76,070 35.02

Mathematical technicians............................................................................................................................... 960 23.64 49,170 21.58

Mathematical science occupations, all other.................................................................................................. 1,290 34.02 70,760 26.21

Architecture and engineering occupations 2,305,530 36.32 75,550 33.95

Architects, except landscape and naval......................................................................................................... 37.75 87,700 78,530 34.88 

Landscape architects...................................................................................................................................... 32.15 16,680 66,880 29.85 

Cartographers and photogrammetrists.......................................................................................................... 29.31 11,670 60,970 26.21 

Surveyors........................................................................................................................................................ 43,950 27.95 58,140 26.39

Aerospace engineers...................................................................................................................................... 47.59 78,450 99,000 46.86 

Agricultural engineers..................................................................................................................................... 35.96 2,520 74,790 34.18 

Biomedical engineers..................................................................................................................................... 40.76 15,280 84,780 39.20 

Chemical engineers........................................................................................................................................ 45.48 28,720 94,590 43.42 

Civil engineers................................................................................................................................................. 249,120 39.56 82,280 37.29

Computer hardware engineers....................................................................................................................... 66,960 48.85 101,600 47.50

Electrical engineers......................................................................................................................................... 148,770 42.20 87,770 40.65

Electronics engineers, except computer........................................................................................................ 133,660 44.58 92,730 43.35

Environmental engineers................................................................................................................................ 49,800 39.98 83,160 37.86

Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors............................................. 23,390 37.60 78,210 36.26

Industrial engineers......................................................................................................................................... 202,990 37.72 78,450 36.59

Marine engineers and naval architects.......................................................................................................... 5,720 42.20 87,770 38.42

Materials engineers......................................................................................................................................... 21,830 41.28 85,860 39.96

Mechanical engineers..................................................................................................................................... 234,400 39.65 82,480 37.58

Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers............................................................ 6,270 41.99 87,350 39.84

Nuclear engineers........................................................................................................................................... 18,610 48.80 101,500 48.04

Petroleum engineers....................................................................................................................................... 28,210 61.53 127,970 54.85

Engineers, all other......................................................................................................................................... 139,610 44.12 91,770 43.40

Architectural and civil drafters......................................................................................................................... 23.43 89,670 48,740 22.32 

Electrical and electronics drafters................................................................................................................... 26.90 27,960 55,960 25.49 

M h i l d ft 64 440 24 62 51 200 23 46

Mean wages

Occupation Employment Median hourly 

wages

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2010- Continued

Mechanical drafters......................................................................................................................................... 64,440 24.62 51,200 23.46

Drafters, all other............................................................................................................................................. 23.17 15,210 48,190 21.68 

Aerospace engineering and operations technicians...................................................................................... 28.84 8,480 59,990 27.93 

Civil engineering technicians.......................................................................................................................... 23.05 77,050 47,940 22.26 

Electrical and electronics engineering technicians........................................................................................ 27.26 147,750 56,690 26.94 

Electro-mechanical technicians...................................................................................................................... 24.60 15,970 51,160 23.82 

Environmental engineering technicians......................................................................................................... 22.51 18,450 46,820 20.86 

Industrial engineering technicians.................................................................................................................. 24.30 61,630 50,540 23.18 

Mechanical engineering technicians.............................................................................................................. 24.74 44,170 51,450 24.09 

Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other........................................................................................ 28.39 66,560 59,060 27.89 

Surveying and mapping technicians.............................................................................................................. 19.41 53,870 40,370 18.22 

Life, physical, and social science occupations 1,064,510 31.92 66,390 28.14 

Animal scientists............................................................................................................................................. 2,440 32.77 68,170 28.00

Food scientists and technologists.................................................................................................................. 10,480 31.43 65,380 28.93

Soil and plant scientists.................................................................................................................................. 12,120 30.09 62,600 27.57

Biochemists and biophysicists........................................................................................................................ 22,800 41.63 86,580 38.17

Microbiologists................................................................................................................................................ 18,330 34.63 72,030 31.69

Zoologists and wildlife biologists..................................................................................................................... 17,440 29.64 61,660 27.61

Biological scientists, all other.......................................................................................................................... 30,430 34.28 71,310 32.80

Conservation scientists................................................................................................................................... 18,880 29.42 61,200 28.51

Foresters......................................................................................................................................................... 9,470 26.82 55,790 26.22

Epidemiologists............................................................................................................................................... 4,710 32.83 68,280 30.29

Medical scientists, except epidemiologists..................................................................................................... 93,560 41.69 86,710 36.87

Life scientists, all other.................................................................................................................................... 10,610 34.67 72,120 29.97

Astronomers.................................................................................................................................................... 44.88 1,840 93,340 41.95 

Physicists........................................................................................................................................................ 53.86 16,860 112,020 51.14 

Atmospheric and space scientists.................................................................................................................. 42.31 8,640 88,010 42.20 

Chemists......................................................................................................................................................... 80,180 35.21 73,240 32.85

Materials scientists.......................................................................................................................................... 8,390 41.49 86,300 40.73

Environmental scientists and specialists, including health............................................................................ 81,690 32.60 67,810 29.66

Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers.................................................................................... 30,830 44.89 93,380 39.66

Hydrologists.................................................................................................................................................... 6,910 38.11 79,280 36.39

Physical scientists, all other............................................................................................................................ 24,690 46.05 95,780 45.57

Economists..................................................................................................................................................... 13,250 47.77 99,350 43.00

Survey researchers........................................................................................................................................ 17,850 20.89 43,450 17.33

Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists.............................................................................................. 100,700 34.87 72,540 32.12

Industrial-organizational psychologists........................................................................................................... 1,420 54.82 114,040 41.99

Psychologists, all other................................................................................................................................... 10,690 41.59 86,510 43.22

See footnotes at end of table.
Hourly Annual1

Life, physical, and social science occupations (Continued)

Sociologists..................................................................................................................................................... 3,710 $38.53 $80,130 $34.79

Urban and regional planners.......................................................................................................................... 38,83 0 31.74 66,020 30.31

Anthropologists and archeologists................................................................................................................. 5,100 27.90 58,040 26.07 

Geographers................................................................................................................................................... 1,300 35.05 72,890 35.00

Historians........................................................................................................................................................ 3,320 27.81 57,840 25.73

Political scientists............................................................................................................................................ 4,470 51.89 107,930 51.65

Social scientists and related workers, all other.............................................................................................. 28,420 37.45 77,890 35.88

Agricultural and food science technicians...................................................................................................... 16.89 16,890 35,140 15.75 

Biological technicians...................................................................................................................................... 20.07 72,940 41,740 18.76 

Chemical technicians...................................................................................................................................... 21.25 59,440 44,200 20.21 

Geological and petroleum technicians........................................................................................................... 29.04 13,560 60,410 25.97 

Nuclear technicians........................................................................................................................................ 32.37 6,960 67,330 32.73 

Social science research assistants................................................................................................................ 25,830 19.28 40,090 17.90

Environmental science and protection technicians, including health............................................................ 28,480 21.36 44,440 19.90

Forensic science technicians......................................................................................................................... 12,390 26.46 55,040 24.79

Forest and conservation technicians............................................................................................................. 32,290 17.72 36,860 16.05

Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other................................................................................. 55,360 22.10 45,980 20.84

Community and social service occupations 1,901,180 20.76 43,180 18.89

Substance abuse and behavioral disorder counselors.................................................................................. 77,940 19.62 40,810 18.33

Educational, guidance, school, and vocational counselors........................................................................... 246,890 26.91 55,970 25.67

Marriage and family therapists........................................................................................................................ 33,050 22.85 47,530 21.98

Mental health counselors................................................................................................................................ 110,300 19.88 41,360 18.34

Rehabilitation counselors................................................................................................................................ 111,490 17.24 35,850 15.55

Counselors, all other....................................................................................................................................... 28,140 21.33 44,380 20.02

Child, family, and school social workers......................................................................................................... 276,100 21.08 43,850 19.33

Healthcare social workers............................................................................................................................... 143,080 23.65 49,200 22.71

Mental health and substance abuse social workers...................................................................................... 119,960 20.13 41,880 18.56

Social workers, all other.................................................................................................................................. 69,920 25.13 52,270 24.76

Health educators............................................................................................................................................. 58,150 24.17 50,270 22.03

Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists.............................................................................. 89,900 24.64 51,240 22.69

Social and human service assistants............................................................................................................. 357,500 14.47 30,100 13.56

Community and social service specialists, all other*..................................................................................... 112,010 19.83 41,250 18.32

Clergy.............................................................................................................................................................. 42,820 23.22 48,290 21.14

Directors, religious activities and education................................................................................................... 16,840 19.52 40,600 17.39

Religious workers, all other............................................................................................................................. 7,090 15.42 32,070 12.87

Ll i 992 6 0 46 60 96 940 3 86

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2010- Continued

Median hourly 

wages Occupation

Mean wages

Employment

Legal occupations 992,650 46.60 96,940 35.86

Lawyers........................................................................................................................................................... 62.23 561,350 129,440 54.21 

Judicial law clerks........................................................................................................................................... 21.18 25,150 44,060 19.12 

Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers....................................................................... 43.14 14,310 89,740 41.11 

Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators.......................................................................................................... 31.95 6,920 66,460 26.83 

Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates................................................................................................. 50.67 25,900 105,390 57.34 

Paralegals and legal assistants*..................................................................................................................... 23.87 247,940 49,640 22.44 

Court reporters................................................................................................................................................ 25.61 18,430 53,270 22.93 

Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers.................................................................................................. 20.85 50,490 43,370 18.75 

Legal support workers, all other..................................................................................................................... 28.51 42,160 59,310 24.91 

Education, training, and library occupations 8,457,870 24.25 50,440 21.97 

Business teachers, postsecondary................................................................................................................ (2) 85,470 79,070 (2)

Computer science teachers, postsecondary................................................................................................. (2) 78,190 33,080 (2)

Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................ (2) 73,480 51,980 (2)

Architecture teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................................ (2) 79,300 7,620 (2)

Engineering teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................................ (2) 96,480 34,400 (2)

Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary.............................................................................................. (2) 81,760 10,600 (2)

Biological science teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................................. (2) 86,570 54,540 (2)

Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary....................................................................... (2) 81,120 2,410 (2)

Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary................................................. (2) 90,660 10,680 (2)

Chemistry teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................................... 21,150 (2) 80,070 (2)

Environmental science teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................................... 5,090 (2) 78,490 (2)

Physics teachers, postsecondary................................................................................................................... 13,500 (2) 86,560 (2)

Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary............................................................................... (2) 80,040 5,850 (2)

Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................... (2) 76,720 8,980 (2)

Economics teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................................. (2) 92,870 13,020 (2)

Geography teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................................. (2) 71,230 4,250 (2)

Political science teachers, postsecondary..................................................................................................... (2) 78,620 15,930 (2)

Psychology teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................................ (2) 74,320 34,350 (2)

Sociology teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................................... (2) 71,830 17,430 (2)

Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other....................................................................................... (2) 85,400 7,410 (2)

Health specialties teachers, postsecondary................................................................................................... (2) 103,960 144,780 (2)

Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary......................................................................................... (2) 66,010 54,050 (2)

Education teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................................... (2) 64,370 61,450 (2)

Library science teachers, postsecondary....................................................................................................... (2) 66,950 4,370 (2)

Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary................................................................... 13,860 (2) 65,590 (2)

Law teachers, postsecondary......................................................................................................................... 14,620 (2) 107,990 (2)

Social work teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................................. 9,370 (2) 68,630 (2)

Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary........................................................................................... 86,860 (2) 70,850 (2)

See footnotes at end of table.
Hourly Annual1

Education, training, and library occupations (Continued)

Communications teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................................... (2) $67,820 (2) 28,590

English language and literature teachers, postsecondary............................................................................. (2) 67,920 69,880 (2)

Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary............................................................................ (2) 66,520 28,100 (2)

History teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................................................... (2) 70,860 23,240 (2)

Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary......................................................................................... (2) 69,150 21,250 (2)

Graduate teaching assistants......................................................................................................................... (2) 34,660 107,790 (2)

Home economics teachers, postsecondary................................................................................................... (2) 69,060 5,910 (2)

Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary.............................................................................. (2) 63,760 17,720 (2)

Vocational education teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................. 25.38 52,790 120,290 23.18

Postsecondary teachers, all other.................................................................................................................. (2) 71,280 183,160 (2)

Preschool teachers, except special education............................................................................................... 14.04 369,380 29,200 12.35 

Kindergarten teachers, except special education.......................................................................................... (2) 51,550 173,330 (2)

Elementary school teachers, except special education................................................................................. (2) 54,330 1,485,600 (2)

Middle school teachers, except special and career/technical education....................................................... (2) 54,880 655,090 (2)

Career/technical education teachers, middle school..................................................................................... (2) 54,160 14,600 (2)

Secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education................................................ (2) 55,990 1,053,140 (2)

Career/technical education teachers, secondary school............................................................................... (2) 56,010 91,690 (2)

Special education teachers, preschool, kindergarten, and elementary school*........................................... (2) 55,220 226,920 (2)

Special education teachers, middle school.................................................................................................... (2) 56,500 100,510 (2)

Special education teachers, secondary school.............................................................................................. 141,420 (2) 58,080 (2)

Adult basic and secondary education and literacy teachers and instructors................................................ 24.56 68,510 51,080 22.37 

Self-enrichment education teachers............................................................................................................... 19.81 160,990 41,210 17.47 

Teachers and instructors, all other*................................................................................................................ (2) 38,940 710,230 (2)

Archivists......................................................................................................................................................... 5,030 23.65 49,190 21.73

Curators.......................................................................................................................................................... 10,550 25.56 53,160 23.29

Museum technicians and conservators......................................................................................................... 10,390 20.16 41,940 17.94

Librarians........................................................................................................................................................ 148,240 27.09 56,360 26.20

Library technicians.......................................................................................................................................... 109,240 15.10 31,410 14.36

Audio-visual and multimedia collections specialists....................................................................................... 22.07 7,740 45,910 20.53 

Farm and home management advisors......................................................................................................... 22.90 10,670 47,640 21.89 

Instructional coordinators................................................................................................................................ 29.46 128,780 61,270 28.28 

Teacher assistants.......................................................................................................................................... (2) 24,880 1,249,380 (2)

Education, training, and library workers, all other.......................................................................................... 20.63 99,820 42,900 18.07 

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations 1,716,640 25.14 52,290 20.61 

Art directors..................................................................................................................................................... 29,700 45.24 94,100 38.77

Cf i

Median hourly 

wages

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2010- Continued

Employment

Mean wages

Occupation

Craft artists...................................................................................................................................................... 4,790 15.39 32,010 12.95

Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators.............................................................................. 10,320 25.52 53,080 21.56

Multimedia artists and animators.................................................................................................................... 26,560 30.50 63,440 28.13

Artists and related workers, all other.............................................................................................................. 29.69 7,560 61,760 28.29 

Commercial and industrial designers............................................................................................................. 29.76 28,670 61,890 27.99 

Fashion designers.......................................................................................................................................... 35.79 15,060 74,440 31.02 

Floral designers.............................................................................................................................................. 12.04 47,850 25,030 11.35 

Graphic designers........................................................................................................................................... 23.14 192,240 48,140 20.92 

Interior designers............................................................................................................................................ 40,120 25.05 52,100 22.25

Merchandise displayers and window trimmers.............................................................................................. 64,330 13.69 28,480 12.48

Set and exhibit designers............................................................................................................................... 8,120 24.81 51,600 22.44

Designers, all other......................................................................................................................................... 8,560 24.25 50,440 21.70

Actors.............................................................................................................................................................. 28.44 54,740 (2) 17.44 

Producers and directors................................................................................................................................. 42.60 83,520 88,610 32.90 

Athletes and sports competitors..................................................................................................................... (2) 87,340 12,660 (2)

Coaches and scouts....................................................................................................................................... (2) 35,950 184,280 (2)

Umpires, referees, and other sports officials.................................................................................................. (2) 28,900 15,250 (2)

Dancers........................................................................................................................................................... 16.55 11,200 (2) 13.16 

Choreographers.............................................................................................................................................. 12,390 20.25 42,110 18.11

Music directors and composers...................................................................................................................... 20,640 25.36 52,750 22.10

Musicians and singers.................................................................................................................................... 43,350 30.22 (2) 22.39 

Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other.............................................................. 23,510 18.60 (2) 14.34 

Radio and television announcers................................................................................................................... 32,520 19.19 39,910 12.91

Public address system and other announcers............................................................................................... 7,580 18.19 37,840 13.42

Broadcast news analysts................................................................................................................................ 5,670 34.96 72,710 26.03

Reporters and correspondents....................................................................................................................... 45,130 21.05 43,780 16.60

Public relations specialists.............................................................................................................................. 225,590 28.44 59,150 25.05

Editors............................................................................................................................................................. 99,160 28.53 59,340 24.75

Technical writers............................................................................................................................................. 43,990 31.85 66,240 30.42

Writers and authors........................................................................................................................................ 40,980 31.71 65,960 26.64

Interpreters and translators............................................................................................................................ 44,200 23.94 49,790 20.82

Media and communication workers, all other................................................................................................. 23,740 24.27 50,490 20.72

Audio and video equipment technicians........................................................................................................ 21.38 47,510 44,460 19.49 

Broadcast technicians.................................................................................................................................... 30,520 19.79 41,170 16.89

Radio operators.............................................................................................................................................. 920 21.40 44,510 21.46

Sound engineering technicians...................................................................................................................... 15,650 25.98 54,030 22.63

Photographers................................................................................................................................................ 54,550 17.30 35,980 14.00

Camera operators, television, video, and motion picture.............................................................................. 16,760 23.29 48,450 19.42

Film and video editors..................................................................................................................................... 19,930 29.75 61,890 24.49

See footnotes at end of table.
Hourly Annual1

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations (Continued)

Media and communication equipment workers, all other.............................................................................. 16,820 $30.54 $63,530 $29.65

Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations 7,346,580 34.27 71,280 28.12 

Chiropractors.................................................................................................................................................. 26,250 38.38 79,820 32.31

Dentists, general............................................................................................................................................. 87,700 76.33 158,770 67.81

Oral and maxillofacial surgeons..................................................................................................................... 5,330 102.94 214,120 (3)

Orthodontists................................................................................................................................................... 5,580 96.29 200,290 (3)

Prosthodontists............................................................................................................................................... 670 67.12 139,620 56.92

Dentists, all other specialists.......................................................................................................................... 5,010 77.98 162,190 77.41

Dietitians and nutritionists............................................................................................................................... 53,510 26.13 54,340 25.60

Optometrists.................................................................................................................................................... 26,480 51.32 106,750 45.67

Pharmacists.................................................................................................................................................... 268,030 52.59 109,380 53.64

Anesthesiologists............................................................................................................................................ 105.82 34,820 220,100 (3)

Family and general practitioners.................................................................................................................... 83.59 97,820 173,860 78.61 

Internists, general........................................................................................................................................... 50,070 91.10 189,480 (3)

Obstetricians and gynecologists..................................................................................................................... 19,940 101.13 210,340 (3)

Pediatricians, general..................................................................................................................................... 30,100 79.67 165,720 74.70

Psychiatrists.................................................................................................................................................... 22,690 80.58 167,610 78.95

Surgeons......................................................................................................................................................... 43,230 108.36 225,390 (3)

Physicians and surgeons, all other................................................................................................................. 293,740 86.96 180,870 (3)

Physician assistants....................................................................................................................................... 81,420 41.89 87,140 41.54

Podiatrists....................................................................................................................................................... 9,310 64.14 133,410 56.75

Registered nurses*......................................................................................................................................... 2,655,020 32.56 67,720 31.10

Occupational therapists.................................................................................................................................. 100,300 35.28 73,380 34.77

Physical therapists.......................................................................................................................................... 180,280 37.50 77,990 36.69

Radiation therapists........................................................................................................................................ 16,590 37.64 78,290 36.05

Recreational therapists................................................................................................................................... 20,830 19.92 41,440 18.95

Respiratory therapists..................................................................................................................................... 109,270 26.54 55,200 26.10

Speech-language pathologists....................................................................................................................... 112,530 33.60 69,880 32.17

Therapists, all other*....................................................................................................................................... 16,170 24.99 51,980 23.05

Veterinarians................................................................................................................................................... 54,480 44.51 92,570 39.44

Audiologists..................................................................................................................................................... 33.58 12,860 69,840 32.05 

Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other................................................................................... 39.34 31,390 81,830 33.32 

Employment

Mean wages

Occupation Median hourly 

wages

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2010- Continued

Medical and clinical laboratory technologists................................................................................................. 27.34 164,430 56,870 26.98 

Medical and clinical laboratory technicians.................................................................................................... 18.36 156,480 38,190 17.44 

Dental hygienists............................................................................................................................................. 33.02 177,520 68,680 32.81 

Cardiovascular technologists and technicians............................................................................................... 24.38 48,720 50,720 23.75 

Diagnostic medical sonographers.................................................................................................................. 31.20 53,010 64,900 30.95 

Nuclear medicine technologists...................................................................................................................... 33.20 21,600 69,050 32.96 

Radiologic technologists and technicians*..................................................................................................... 26.80 216,730 55,730 26.13 

Emergency medical technicians and paramedics......................................................................................... 16.01 221,760 33,300 14.60 

Dietetic technicians......................................................................................................................................... 23,890 13.86 28,820 13.01

Pharmacy technicians.................................................................................................................................... 333,500 14.10 29,330 13.65

Psychiatric technicians................................................................................................................................... 72,650 15.15 31,520 13.80

Respiratory therapy technicians..................................................................................................................... 13,570 22.28 46,340 21.74

Surgical technologists..................................................................................................................................... 92,260 19.86 41,310 19.19

Veterinary technologists and technicians....................................................................................................... 79,870 14.92 31,030 14.28

Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses........................................................................................ 730,290 19.88 41,360 19.42

Medical records and health information technicians...................................................................................... 176,090 16.83 35,010 15.55

Opticians, dispensing...................................................................................................................................... 62,200 16.73 34,800 15.84

Orthotists and prosthetists.............................................................................................................................. 5,940 33.14 68,930 31.28

Health technologists and technicians, all other*............................................................................................. 87,900 20.31 42,240 18.49

Occupational health and safety specialists.................................................................................................... 54,680 31.54 65,610 31.09

Occupational health and safety technicians................................................................................................... 10,040 22.85 47,520 21.79

Athletic trainers............................................................................................................................................... (2) 44,030 16,290 (2)

Healthcare practitioners and technical workers, all other*............................................................................. 55,720 25.28 52,580 21.14

Healthcare support occupations 3,962,930 12.94 26,920 11.90

Home health aides.......................................................................................................................................... 982,840 10.46 21,760 9.89

Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants*...................................................................................................... 1,451,090 12.09 25,140 11.54

Psychiatric aides............................................................................................................................................. 64,730 12.84 26,710 12.00

Occupational therapy assistants.................................................................................................................... 27,720 24.66 51,300 24.52

Occupational therapy aides............................................................................................................................ 7,180 14.95 31,090 13.19

Physical therapist assistants.......................................................................................................................... 65,960 23.95 49,810 23.89

Physical therapist aides.................................................................................................................................. 45,900 12.02 25,000 11.39

Massage therapists......................................................................................................................................... 60,040 19.12 39,770 16.78

Dental assistants............................................................................................................................................. 294,030 16.41 34,140 16.09

Medical assistants........................................................................................................................................... 523,260 14.31 29,760 13.87

Medical equipment preparers......................................................................................................................... 47,310 14.59 30,350 14.18

Medical transcriptionists.................................................................................................................................. 78,780 16.12 33,530 15.82

Pharmacy aides.............................................................................................................................................. 49,580 10.98 22,830 10.31

Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers................................................................................ 70,530 11.38 23,660 10.60

Healthcare support workers, all other*........................................................................................................... 193,980 15.23 31,670 14.56

See footnotes at end of table.
Hourly Annual1

Protective service occupations $20.43 $42,490 $17.63 3,187,810

First-line supervisors of correctional officers.................................................................................................. 28.02 39,920 58,290 26.88 

First-line supervisors of police and detectives............................................................................................... 38.83 102,200 80,770 37.62 

First-line supervisors of fire fighting and prevention workers......................................................................... 34.56 58,800 71,890 32.81 

First-line supervisors of protective service workers, all other........................................................................ 23.40 55,190 48,670 22.17 

Firefighters...................................................................................................................................................... 302,400 22.95 47,730 21.76

Fire inspectors and investigators.................................................................................................................... 13,050 27.00 56,160 25.11

Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists........................................................................................... 1,530 19.33 40,200 16.78

Bailiffs.............................................................................................................................................................. 17,310 19.67 40,910 18.54

Correctional officers and jailers...................................................................................................................... 457,550 20.57 42,780 18.77

Detectives and criminal investigators............................................................................................................. 110,640 35.10 73,010 33.08

Fish and game wardens................................................................................................................................. 7,240 26.75 55,650 23.91

Parking enforcement workers......................................................................................................................... 9,430 17.37 36,130 17.01

Police and sheriff's patrol officers................................................................................................................... 644,300 26.74 55,620 25.74

Transit and railroad police............................................................................................................................... 3,540 26.89 55,930 26.12

Animal control workers................................................................................................................................... 15,040 16.35 34,020 15.41

Private detectives and investigators............................................................................................................... 28,210 22.99 47,830 20.61

Gaming surveillance officers and gaming investigators................................................................................ 6,620 15.87 33,020 14.75

Security guards............................................................................................................................................... 1,006,880 12.92 26,870 11.50

Crossing guards.............................................................................................................................................. 68,740 12.43 25,850 11.35

Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers..................................................... 117,540 9.98 20,750 9.06

Transportation security screeners* (federal only).......................................................................................... 42,430 18.10 37,650 17.82

Protective service workers, all other *............................................................................................................ 79,280 16.07 33,420 14.37

Food preparation and serving related occupations 11,027,340 10.21 21,240 9.02

Chefs and head cooks.................................................................................................................................... 90,510 21.53 44,780 19.53

First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers..................................................................... 773,400 15.28 31,770 14.21

Cooks, fast food.............................................................................................................................................. 525,350 8.91 18,540 8.70

Cooks, institution and cafeteria...................................................................................................................... 387,700 11.62 24,180 10.93

Cooks, private household............................................................................................................................... 400 14.96 31,110 12.29

Cooks, restaurant........................................................................................................................................... 901,310 11.18 23,260 10.65

Cooks, short order.......................................................................................................................................... 171,780 10.11 21,030 9.42

Cooks, all other............................................................................................................................................... 19,460 11.82 24,590 10.93

Food preparation workers............................................................................................................................... 802,650 9.93 20,660 9.18

Bartenders...................................................................................................................................................... 495,350 10.25 21,310 8.98

C bi d f d ti d i k i l di f t f d 2 692 1 0 8 9 18 610 8 63

Mean wages

Occupation Median hourly 

wages Employment

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2010- Continued

Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food.......................................................... 2,692,170 8.95 18,610 8.63

Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop................................................................ 9.27 446,660 19,280 8.83 

Waiters and waitresses.................................................................................................................................. 9.99 2,244,480 20,790 8.81 

Food servers, nonrestaurant.......................................................................................................................... 10.40 205,330 21,640 9.34 

Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers....................................................................... 9.29 390,920 19,320 8.75 

Dishwashers................................................................................................................................................... 505,950 8.98 18,680 8.73

Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop.......................................................................... 329,020 9.43 19,600 8.87

Food preparation and serving related workers, all other............................................................................... 44,890 10.94 22,760 9.61

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations 4,175,550 12.16 25,300 10.81

First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers....................................................................... 172,610 18.02 37,480 16.87

First-line supervisors of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers...................................... 100,630 21.50 44,730 20.13

Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners................................................................ 2,058,610 11.81 24,560 10.68

Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................................................................................................. 865,960 10.17 21,150 9.28

Building cleaning workers, all other................................................................................................................ 12,280 13.38 27,830 12.72

Pest control workers....................................................................................................................................... 62,490 15.62 32,480 14.59

Landscaping and groundskeeping workers................................................................................................... 829,350 12.23 25,430 11.25

Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation............................................................................ 23,200 15.13 31,470 14.37

Tree trimmers and pruners............................................................................................................................. 37,540 15.49 32,220 14.64

Grounds maintenance workers, all other....................................................................................................... 12,890 13.92 28,960 11.61

Personal care and service occupations 3,425,220 11.82 24,590 9.92

Gaming supervisors........................................................................................................................................ 22,960 23.69 49,270 23.33

Slot supervisors.............................................................................................................................................. 12,020 14.47 30,110 12.81

First-line supervisors of personal service workers......................................................................................... 131,800 18.48 38,430 16.97

Animal trainers................................................................................................................................................ 9,740 14.96 31,110 12.78

Nonfarm animal caretakers............................................................................................................................ 135,070 10.61 22,070 9.40

Gaming dealers............................................................................................................................................... 85,430 10.49 21,820 8.70

Gaming and sports book writers and runners................................................................................................ 13,450 11.57 24,060 10.02

Gaming service workers, all other.................................................................................................................. 11,620 12.65 26,320 11.51

Motion picture projectionists........................................................................................................................... 9,440 10.83 22,530 9.79

Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers................................................................................................... 107,200 9.76 20,290 8.92

Amusement and recreation attendants.......................................................................................................... 9.50 254,630 19,750 8.87 

Costume attendants....................................................................................................................................... 5,490 16.62 34,580 14.02

Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants................................................................................ 17,280 10.43 21,700 9.35

Entertainment attendants and related workers, all other............................................................................... 36,340 10.51 21,850 9.41

Embalmers...................................................................................................................................................... 6,780 21.29 44,280 20.91

Funeral attendants.......................................................................................................................................... 29,810 11.82 24,590 11.05

Funeral service managers, directors, morticians, and undertakers.............................................................. 27,280 30.04 62,490 26.12

See footnotes at end of table.
Hourly Annual1

Personal care and service occupations (Continued)

Barbers............................................................................................................................................................ 9,360 $13.43 $27,930 $11.45

Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists............................................................................................... 349,420 12.74 26,510 10.94

Makeup artists, theatrical and performance................................................................................................... 2,240 24.51 50,980 18.33

Manicurists and pedicurists............................................................................................................................ 51,990 10.61 22,060 9.45

Shampooers................................................................................................................................................... 14,220 9.20 19,140 8.78

Skincare specialists........................................................................................................................................ 30,230 15.40 32,030 13.90

Baggage porters and bellhops....................................................................................................................... 44,740 11.40 23,720 9.74

Concierges...................................................................................................................................................... 19,650 14.17 29,480 13.40

Tour guides and escorts................................................................................................................................. 29,690 12.54 26,090 11.20

Travel guides.................................................................................................................................................. 3,620 15.33 31,900 14.32

Childcare workers........................................................................................................................................... 611,280 10.15 21,110 9.28

Personal care aides........................................................................................................................................ 686,030 9.82 20,420 9.44

Fitness trainers and aerobics instructors....................................................................................................... 225,490 17.27 35,920 14.95

Recreation workers......................................................................................................................................... 293,430 12.15 25,270 10.70

Residential advisors........................................................................................................................................ 65,610 12.69 26,400 11.75

Personal care and service workers, all other................................................................................................. 71,860 11.09 23,070 9.79

Sales and related occupations 13,437,980 17.69 36,790 11.72

First-line supervisors of retail sales workers.................................................................................................. 1,172,070 19.18 39,890 17.22

First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers........................................................................................... 244,320 39.00 81,120 33.11

Cashiers.......................................................................................................................................................... 3,354,170 9.52 19,810 8.89

Gaming change persons and booth cashiers................................................................................................ 19,570 11.74 24,420 11.14

Counter and rental clerks............................................................................................................................... 414,730 12.32 25,620 10.63

Parts salespersons......................................................................................................................................... 201,610 15.09 31,380 13.88

Retail salespersons........................................................................................................................................ 4,155,190 12.02 25,000 9.94

Advertising sales agents................................................................................................................................. 26.45 145,160 55,020 21.80 

Insurance sales agents................................................................................................................................... 30.06 318,800 62,520 22.48 

Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents....................................................................... 45.73 276,290 95,130 33.75 

Travel agents.................................................................................................................................................. 70,930 16.32 33,950 15.32

Sales representatives, services, all other....................................................................................................... 531,410 29.06 60,430 24.34

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific 

 products................................................................................................................................................... 381,080 40.56 84,360 35.44

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical 

 and scientific products............................................................................................................................. 1,367,210 30.16 62,720 25.21

Occupation

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2010- Continued

Median hourly 

wages Employment

Mean wages

Demonstrators and product promoters.......................................................................................................... 13.28 75,790 27,630 11.11 

Models............................................................................................................................................................. 1,020 20.46 42,560 15.83

Real estate brokers......................................................................................................................................... 41,210 36.57 76,060 26.40

Real estate sales agents................................................................................................................................ 153,740 25.24 52,490 19.24

Sales engineers.............................................................................................................................................. 66,060 45.56 94,760 42.01

Telemarketers................................................................................................................................................. 288,760 12.24 25,470 10.73

Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers................................................ 7,590 13.13 27,300 10.67

Sales and related workers, all other*.............................................................................................................. 151,280 19.90 41,400 16.53

Office and administrative support occupations 21,503,800 16.09 33,470 14.77

First-line supervisors of office and administrative support workers............................................................... 1,359,950 24.41 50,770 22.82

Switchboard operators, including answering service..................................................................................... 138,200 12.63 26,280 11.98

Telephone operators....................................................................................................................................... 18,650 16.06 33,400 15.37

Communications equipment operators, all other........................................................................................... 2,780 18.25 37,960 17.60

Bill and account collectors.............................................................................................................................. 399,950 15.91 33,100 15.05

Billing and posting clerks................................................................................................................................ 483,440 16.00 33,270 15.47

Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks............................................................................................... 1,675,250 16.99 35,340 16.36

Gaming cage workers..................................................................................................................................... 15,640 12.96 26,950 12.35

Payroll and timekeeping clerks....................................................................................................................... 180,280 17.82 37,070 17.47

Procurement clerks......................................................................................................................................... 73,650 17.86 37,150 17.69

Tellers.............................................................................................................................................................. 556,310 12.01 24,980 11.59

Brokerage clerks............................................................................................................................................. 57,600 20.50 42,640 19.31

Correspondence clerks................................................................................................................................... 9,470 16.56 34,440 16.06

Court, municipal, and license clerks............................................................................................................... 123,510 17.39 36,170 16.53

Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks........................................................................................................ 53,770 16.67 34,670 15.62

Customer service representatives................................................................................................................. 2,146,120 15.76 32,780 14.64

Eligibility interviewers, government programs................................................................................................ 118,920 19.67 40,900 19.21

File clerks........................................................................................................................................................ 174,910 12.88 26,800 12.06

Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks............................................................................................................... 222,540 10.30 21,430 9.58

Interviewers, except eligibility and loan.......................................................................................................... 204,730 14.48 30,120 13.86

Library assistants, clerical............................................................................................................................... 110,210 12.07 25,120 11.12

Loan interviewers and clerks.......................................................................................................................... 181,600 16.91 35,180 16.33

New accounts clerks....................................................................................................................................... 67,170 15.17 31,540 14.63

Order clerks..................................................................................................................................................... 211,370 14.58 30,320 13.80

Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping..................................................................... 150,090 18.22 37,900 17.69

Receptionists and information clerks.............................................................................................................. 997,080 12.63 26,260 12.14

See footnotes at end of table.
Hourly Annual1

Office and administrative support occupations (Continued)

Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks..................................................................... $15.69 $32,640 $15.26 121,250

Information and record clerks, all other.......................................................................................................... 18.00 200,410 37,450 17.80 

Cargo and freight agents................................................................................................................................ 18.76 81,390 39,020 17.86 

Couriers and messengers.............................................................................................................................. 12.55 85,620 26,100 11.58 

Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers........................................................................................................ 17.74 97,740 36,900 17.00 

Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance........................................................................................... 18.00 180,540 37,430 16.62 

Meter readers, utilities..................................................................................................................................... 40,160 17.69 36,800 16.74

Postal service clerks....................................................................................................................................... 67,320 25.25 52,520 25.53

Postal service mail carriers............................................................................................................................. 324,990 24.16 50,250 25.90

Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators............................................... 145,690 23.24 48,340 25.52

Production, planning, and expediting clerks................................................................................................... 266,170 21.19 44,070 20.30

Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks............................................................................................................. 687,850 14.46 30,070 13.64

Stock clerks and order fillers........................................................................................................................... 1,795,970 11.44 23,790 10.24

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping................................................................... 66,480 13.94 28,990 13.06

Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants..................................................................... 1,132,070 22.05 45,860 20.92

Legal secretaries............................................................................................................................................. 228,700 20.80 43,270 19.95

Medical secretaries......................................................................................................................................... 494,650 15.30 31,820 14.68

Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive......................................... 1,841,020 15.38 32,000 14.82

Computer operators........................................................................................................................................ 82,410 18.43 38,340 17.75

Data entry keyers............................................................................................................................................ 219,530 13.65 28,400 13.20

Word processors and typists.......................................................................................................................... 101,450 16.55 34,420 16.06

Desktop publishers......................................................................................................................................... 20,060 18.78 39,060 17.60

Insurance claims and policy processing clerks.............................................................................................. 231,570 17.49 36,390 16.71

Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service..................................................................... 119,960 13.23 27,530 12.54

Office clerks, general...................................................................................................................................... 2,789,590 13.58 28,240 12.79

Office machine operators, except computer.................................................................................................. 66,580 13.76 28,610 13.02

Proofreaders and copy markers..................................................................................................................... 12,770 16.13 33,550 15.08

Statistical assistants........................................................................................................................................ 15,490 17.83 37,090 16.60

Office and administrative support workers, all other*..................................................................................... 253,190 15.67 32,600 14.56

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 408,040 11.70 24,330 9.44

First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers...................................................................... 19,540 21.65 45,040 20.10

Agricultural inspectors..................................................................................................................................... 13,560 20.36 42,340 20.03

Animal breeders.............................................................................................................................................. 17.13 1,380 35,620 15.07 

Graders and sorters, agricultural products..................................................................................................... 10.18 38,950 21,180 9.22 

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2010- Continued

Mean wages Median hourly 

wages Occupation Employment

Agricultural equipment operators................................................................................................................... 12.49 24,110 25,970 11.71 

Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse......................................................................... 9.64 228,600 20,040 8.98 

Farmworkers, farm, ranch, and aquacultural animals................................................................................... 11.56 31,880 24,040 10.56 

Agricultural workers, all other.......................................................................................................................... 13.35 7,490 27,780 11.65 

Fishers and related fishing workers................................................................................................................ 13.41 700 27,880 12.30 

Forest and conservation workers................................................................................................................... 13.34 7,040 27,740 11.49 

Fallers.............................................................................................................................................................. 6,260 18.59 38,660 16.57

Logging equipment operators......................................................................................................................... 22,880 16.06 33,400 15.57

Log graders and scalers................................................................................................................................. 2,480 16.50 34,330 15.59

Logging workers, all other............................................................................................................................... 3,130 16.59 34,510 16.62

Construction and extraction occupations 5,072,530 21.09 43,870 18.79

First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers............................................................. 474,510 29.93 62,260 28.21

Boilermakers................................................................................................................................................... 19,030 26.80 55,750 26.27

Brickmasons and blockmasons..................................................................................................................... 68,520 24.09 50,110 22.56

Stonemasons.................................................................................................................................................. 11,920 19.16 39,850 17.87

Carpenters...................................................................................................................................................... 620,410 21.10 43,890 19.00

Carpet installers.............................................................................................................................................. 25,580 19.39 40,320 17.35

Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles........................................................................................... 9,480 18.99 39,490 17.36

Floor sanders and finishers............................................................................................................................ 5,740 16.45 34,220 15.07

Tile and marble setters................................................................................................................................... 31,670 20.11 41,830 18.32

Cement masons and concrete finishers........................................................................................................ 140,950 18.89 39,290 17.04

Terrazzo workers and finishers...................................................................................................................... 3,640 19.97 41,530 18.62

Construction laborers...................................................................................................................................... 777,700 16.15 33,590 14.08

Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators................................................................................... 51,830 18.28 38,020 16.42

Pile-driver operators........................................................................................................................................ 4,230 25.01 52,020 23.01

Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators............................................................... 334,730 21.55 44,830 19.42

Drywall and ceiling tile installers..................................................................................................................... 82,320 19.99 41,570 17.94

Tapers............................................................................................................................................................. 17,690 23.35 48,560 21.87

Electricians...................................................................................................................................................... 514,760 24.91 51,810 23.20

Glaziers........................................................................................................................................................... 40,880 19.49 40,540 17.61

Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall...................................................................................................... 23,380 17.37 36,120 15.30

Insulation workers, mechanical...................................................................................................................... 28,100 20.49 42,620 18.10

Painters, construction and maintenance........................................................................................................ 189,840 18.08 37,610 16.48

Paperhangers................................................................................................................................................. 4,040 19.82 41,230 18.08

Pipelayers....................................................................................................................................................... 45,320 18.38 38,230 16.73

Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters........................................................................................................... 358,790 24.21 50,360 22.43

Plasterers and stucco masons....................................................................................................................... 26,430 19.75 41,080 17.89

Reinforcing iron and rebar workers................................................................................................................ 19,590 21.48 44,690 18.48

Roofers............................................................................................................................................................ 99,280 18.21 37,880 16.45

See footnotes at end of table.
Hourly Annual1

Construction and extraction occupations (Continued)

Sheet metal workers....................................................................................................................................... 131,600 $21.98 $45,710 $20.05

Structural iron and steel workers.................................................................................................................... 58,460 23.42 48,710 21.42

Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters........................................ 31,160 14.65 30,470 13.35

Helpers--carpenters........................................................................................................................................ 46,910 12.93 26,890 12.38

Helpers--electricians....................................................................................................................................... 72,390 13.61 28,300 13.08

Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons............................................................... 12,320 11.89 24,730 11.20

Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters.......................................................................... 57,660 13.44 27,950 12.85

Helpers--roofers.............................................................................................................................................. 12,310 11.75 24,450 11.21

Helpers, construction trades, all other............................................................................................................ 19,570 13.29 27,650 12.12

Construction and building inspectors............................................................................................................. 89,270 26.11 54,320 25.18

Elevator installers and repairers..................................................................................................................... 20,430 33.66 70,010 34.09

Fence erectors................................................................................................................................................ 20,810 14.99 31,170 13.93

Hazardous materials removal workers........................................................................................................... 36,910 19.61 40,800 18.08

Highway maintenance workers...................................................................................................................... 142,530 17.23 35,830 16.72

Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators.............................................................................. 15,520 22.23 46,230 22.10

Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners.............................................................................................. 24,350 17.05 35,460 16.14

Segmental pavers........................................................................................................................................... 1,280 15.61 32,480 14.63

Construction and related workers, all other*.................................................................................................. 42,140 18.03 37,510 16.59

Derrick operators, oil and gas......................................................................................................................... 16,930 21.53 44,790 20.90

Rotary drill operators, oil and gas................................................................................................................... 20,230 28.84 59,980 24.99

Service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining................................................................................................... 36,620 20.58 42,810 18.71

Earth drillers, except oil and gas..................................................................................................................... 16,200 20.22 42,050 18.92

Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters...................................................................... 5,710 22.30 46,370 21.03

Continuous mining machine operators.......................................................................................................... 13,060 23.22 48,300 23.44

Mine cutting and channeling machine operators........................................................................................... 6,630 21.41 44,530 21.61

Mining machine operators, all other............................................................................................................... 3,200 21.16 44,010 21.08

Rock splitters, quarry...................................................................................................................................... 3,390 14.84 30,860 14.48

Roof bolters, mining........................................................................................................................................ 5,610 24.18 50,290 23.97

Roustabouts, oil and gas................................................................................................................................ 48,880 16.35 34,020 15.27

Helpers--extraction workers............................................................................................................................ 23,400 17.82 37,060 16.43

Extraction workers, all other........................................................................................................................... 6,660 19.52 40,600 18.80

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 4,928,960 20.58 42,810 19.29

First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers........................................................................ 415,900 29.50 61,350 28.44

Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers............................................................................ 110,320 18.79 39,080 17.92

R di ll l d t i t i t ll d i 9 590 20 23 42 090 19 11

Median hourly 

wages

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2010- Continued

Occupation

Mean wages

Employment

Radio, cellular, and tower equipment installers and repairs.......................................................................... 9,590 20.23 42,090 19.11

Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers............................................ 25.41 190,100 52,850 26.30 

Avionics technicians....................................................................................................................................... 18,320 25.02 52,050 25.15

Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers........................................................................................... 18,740 18.20 37,860 17.39

Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment............................................... 12,830 23.91 49,730 23.27

Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment................................................... 67,550 25.06 52,120 24.91

Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay....................................................... 23,220 30.83 64,120 31.36

Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles...................................................................... 15,630 14.65 30,460 13.68

Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers.............................................................. 30,840 16.87 35,100 15.84

Security and fire alarm systems installers...................................................................................................... 57,390 19.59 40,760 18.51

Aircraft mechanics and service technicians................................................................................................... 25.62 117,510 53,280 25.68 

Automotive body and related repairers.......................................................................................................... 19.84 129,730 41,270 18.33 

Automotive glass installers and repairers...................................................................................................... 16.41 14,020 34,120 15.94 

Automotive service technicians and mechanics............................................................................................ 18.36 587,510 38,200 17.21 

Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists................................................................................ 20.31 222,770 42,250 19.64 

Farm equipment mechanics and service technicians.................................................................................... 16.67 30,300 34,680 16.17 

Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines................................................................................... 22.18 108,540 46,140 21.55 

Rail car repairers............................................................................................................................................. 22.31 19,280 46,400 22.80 

Motorboat mechanics and service technicians.............................................................................................. 17.96 16,850 37,360 17.11 

Motorcycle mechanics.................................................................................................................................... 14,750 16.32 33,950 15.37

Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics..................................................................... 25,010 14.80 30,790 14.22

Bicycle repairers.............................................................................................................................................. 9,530 11.77 24,490 11.38

Recreational vehicle service technicians....................................................................................................... 9,540 16.78 34,900 15.66

Tire repairers and changers........................................................................................................................... 94,120 11.98 24,920 11.14

Mechanical door repairers.............................................................................................................................. 13,240 18.16 37,780 17.20

Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door............................................................. 43,430 23.74 49,380 23.28

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers........................................................... 224,320 21.57 44,860 20.45

Home appliance repairers.............................................................................................................................. 33,180 17.54 36,490 16.70

Industrial machinery mechanics..................................................................................................................... 275,370 22.65 47,100 21.84

Maintenance workers, machinery................................................................................................................... 69,480 19.38 40,310 18.49

Millwrights........................................................................................................................................................ 36,670 23.95 49,820 23.25

Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons...................................................................................... 2,060 21.37 44,450 20.36

Electrical power-line installers and repairers.................................................................................................. 105,540 27.65 57,510 27.90

Telecommunications line installers and repairers.......................................................................................... 156,350 24.08 50,080 24.45

Camera and photographic equipment repairers............................................................................................ 2,810 19.82 41,220 17.87

Medical equipment repairers.......................................................................................................................... 32,980 22.30 46,380 21.39

Musical instrument repairers and tuners........................................................................................................ 5,650 16.75 34,830 15.27

Watch repairers.............................................................................................................................................. 2,240 18.73 38,960 17.87

Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other............................................................................... 12,640 24.66 51,290 24.48

Maintenance and repair workers, general...................................................................................................... 1,217,820 17.61 36,630 16.70

See footnotes at end of table.
Hourly Annual1

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations (Continued)

Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers................................................................ $15.36 $31,950 $14.66 36,240

Commercial divers.......................................................................................................................................... 3,720 27.12 56,400 24.69

Fabric menders, except garment................................................................................................................... 690 13.16 27,370 12.68

Locksmiths and safe repairers....................................................................................................................... 15,850 18.05 37,550 17.09

Manufactured building and mobile home installers........................................................................................ 5,760 14.46 30,070 13.83

Riggers............................................................................................................................................................ 13,660 21.37 44,440 20.57

Signal and track switch repairers.................................................................................................................... 7,400 24.80 51,580 25.59

Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers................................................................................. 123,220 12.80 26,620 11.66

Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other*............................................................................... 118,740 18.91 39,330 17.51

Production occupations 8,236,340 16.24 33,770 14.58

First-line supervisors of production and operating workers........................................................................... 555,260 27.01 56,170 25.53

Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers...................................................................... 21.74 36,320 45,230 21.55 

Coil winders, tapers, and finishers.................................................................................................................. 14,930 14.42 29,980 13.77

Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers............................................................................................ 180,440 14.96 31,110 13.99

Electromechanical equipment assemblers.................................................................................................... 48,980 15.57 32,380 15.21

Engine and other machine assemblers.......................................................................................................... 33,310 18.75 38,990 17.46

Structural metal fabricators and fitters............................................................................................................ 79,540 17.26 35,900 16.60

Fiberglass laminators and fabricators............................................................................................................ 19,060 14.24 29,620 13.75

Team assemblers........................................................................................................................................... 928,170 14.05 29,220 13.07

Timing device assemblers and adjusters....................................................................................................... 1,560 15.53 32,300 15.02

Assemblers and fabricators, all other............................................................................................................. 14.92 248,090 31,040 13.00 

Bakers............................................................................................................................................................. 140,790 12.19 25,350 11.27

Butchers and meat cutters............................................................................................................................. 125,910 14.51 30,190 13.75

Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers.................................................................................................. 163,080 11.27 23,440 10.74

Slaughterers and meat packers..................................................................................................................... 88,500 11.55 24,010 11.24

Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders......................................... 18,710 13.91 28,940 13.05

Food batchmakers.......................................................................................................................................... 97,220 12.90 26,820 11.85

Food cooking machine operators and tenders.............................................................................................. 32,220 12.19 25,360 11.24

Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic................................................................... 123,600 17.26 35,890 16.70

Computer numerically controlled machine tool programmers, metal and plastic......................................... 16,360 23.27 48,400 22.07

Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................................... 76,260 16.30 33,900 15.26

Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................................................ 22,110 16.40 34,100 16.13

Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.............................................................. 31,900 18.00 37,450 17.63

Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders,

 metal and plastic...................................................................................................................................... 182,170 14.76 30,690 14.12

D illi d b i hi t l tt t d t d t l d l ti 22 390 16 16 33 620 15 56

Median hourly 

wages Employment

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2010- Continued

Mean wages

Occupation

Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................................... 22,390 16.16 33,620 15.56

Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, 

 metal and plastic...................................................................................................................................... 15.54 70,120 32,310 14.74 

Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................................... 17.23 40,970 35,830 16.66 

Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................... 18.05 20,520 37,540 17.47 

Machinists....................................................................................................................................................... 19.13 352,650 39,780 18.52 

Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders................................................................................................ 19.28 15,210 40,100 18.49 

Pourers and casters, metal............................................................................................................................ 16.99 11,190 35,350 16.36 

Model makers, metal and plastic.................................................................................................................... 21.50 6,000 44,730 20.55 

Patternmakers, metal and plastic................................................................................................................... 19.04 4,390 39,600 17.88 

Foundry mold and coremakers...................................................................................................................... 15.36 10,040 31,940 14.66 

Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders,

 metal and plastic...................................................................................................................................... 114,760 14.44 30,030 13.54

Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...................................................... 69,330 15.99 33,250 15.30

Tool and die makers....................................................................................................................................... 66,530 23.42 48,710 22.56

Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers....................................................................................................... 314,260 17.96 37,370 17.04

Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders................................................... 38,530 16.93 35,220 16.26

Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................................. 18,300 16.42 34,150 15.86

Layout workers, metal and plastic.................................................................................................................. 8,770 19.18 39,890 19.15

Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......................................... 30,580 14.88 30,940 13.93

Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners.............................................................................................................. 11,930 17.15 35,660 16.56

Metal workers and plastic workers, all other.................................................................................................. 24,150 16.44 34,190 14.83

Prepress technicians and workers................................................................................................................. 48,070 18.26 37,970 17.44

Printing press operators.................................................................................................................................. 191,130 17.00 35,370 16.19

Print binding and finishing workers................................................................................................................. 54,230 14.81 30,800 13.90

Laundry and dry-cleaning workers................................................................................................................. 204,820 10.21 21,230 9.40

Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials........................................................................................... 56,600 9.85 20,480 9.33

Sewing machine operators............................................................................................................................. 14 7,030 10.88 22,630 9.90

Shoe and leather workers and repairers........................................................................................................ 6,010 11.87 24,690 11.06

Shoe machine operators and tenders............................................................................................................ 3,180 12.96 26,960 12.63

Sewers, hand.................................................................................................................................................. 5,770 12.11 25,200 11.13

Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers..................................................................................................... 26,250 13.63 28,360 12.77

Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders...................................................................... 12,700 11.89 24,720 11.04

Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders................................................................................ 15,000 12.00 24,950 11.29

Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders......................................................... 21,190 12.68 26,360 12.44

Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders.................................... 27,840 12.60 26,200 12.33

See footnotes at end of table.
Hourly Annual1

Production occupations (Continued)

Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic 

 and glass fibers........................................................................................................................................ 14,670 $15.79 $32,840 $15.58

Fabric and apparel patternmakers................................................................................................................. 6,060 21.25 44,190 18.74

Upholsterers.................................................................................................................................................... 30,210 15.20 31,620 14.40

Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other........................................................................................ 13,300 13.81 28,720 11.94

Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters........................................................................................................... 84,170 15.29 31,790 14.48

Furniture finishers........................................................................................................................................... 15,400 14.06 29,230 13.37

Model makers, wood....................................................................................................................................... 1,660 16.22 33,730 14.12

Patternmakers, wood...................................................................................................................................... 1,240 19.57 40,700 16.65

Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood................................................................................ 37,050 13.13 27,310 12.59

Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing....................................................... 61,130 13.29 27,650 12.75

Woodworkers, all other................................................................................................................................... 8,610 13.42 27,910 11.79

Nuclear power reactor operators.................................................................................................................... 5,080 37.17 77,310 36.37

Power distributors and dispatchers................................................................................................................ 10,100 33.24 69,130 33.13

Power plant operators..................................................................................................................................... 39,930 29.94 62,270 30.33

Stationary engineers and boiler operators..................................................................................................... 35,800 25.30 52,620 25.07

Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators...................................................................... 108,330 20.45 42,530 19.60

Chemical plant and system operators............................................................................................................ 43,130 26.30 54,700 26.68

Gas plant operators........................................................................................................................................ 13,480 27.72 57,660 27.50

Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers........................................................... 42,850 28.64 59,580 28.87

Plant and system operators, all other............................................................................................................. 10,870 25.00 52,010 24.99

Chemical equipment operators and tenders.................................................................................................. 46,250 22.02 45,790 21.71

Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, ......................................

 and tenders.............................................................................................................................................. 38,050 18.65 38,800 18.19

Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders................................................. 33,140 16.21 33,720 15.60

Grinding and polishing workers, hand............................................................................................................ 27,420 13.80 28,710 13.16

Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................................... 123,840 16.40 34,120 15.80

Cutters and trimmers, hand............................................................................................................................ 17,420 12.57 26,140 11.74

Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders........................................................................ 61,360 14.95 31,090 14.42

Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders............................. 65,100 15.74 32,740 15.01

Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders......................................................................... 18,470 17.08 35,520 16.54

Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.................................................................................... 410,750 17.09 35,550 15.88

Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers........................................................................................... 21,510 18.52 38,520 16.91

Dental laboratory technicians......................................................................................................................... 38,360 18.26 37,980 16.90

Medical appliance technicians........................................................................................................................ 13,320 18.56 38,610 17.15

Ophthalmic laboratory technicians 27 880 14 24 29 610 13 45

Median hourly 

wages

Mean wages

Occupation Employment

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2010- Continued

Ophthalmic laboratory technicians................................................................................................................. 27,880 14.24 29,610 13.45

Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders................................................................................... 342,280 13.26 27,580 12.15

Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders.................................................... 77,870 14.93 31,050 14.28

Painters, transportation equipment................................................................................................................ 43,300 20.27 42,160 18.77

Painting, coating, and decorating workers..................................................................................................... 23,970 12.83 26,680 11.73

Semiconductor processors............................................................................................................................. 20 ,930 16.64 34,610 15.93

Photographic process workers and processing machine operators............................................................. 57,540 11.90 24,760 10.58

Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders....................................................................................... 14.68 15,060 30,520 14.09 

Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders.................................................... 13.50 18,320 28,090 12.34 

Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders................................................................................ 8,960 14.82 30,830 14.09 

Etchers and engravers................................................................................................................................... 14.53 8,090 30,210 13.55 

Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic.............................................................................. 14.56 32,250 30,270 13.86 

Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders................................................................................. 16.81 88,390 34,970 16.41 

Tire builders..................................................................................................................................................... 18.19 15,020 37,840 18.87 

Helpers--production workers.......................................................................................................................... 11.66 394,270 24,240 10.79 

Production workers, all other*......................................................................................................................... 14.89 229,240 30,980 13.42 

Transportation and material moving occupations 8,547,980 15.70 32,660 13.66 

Aircraft cargo handling supervisors................................................................................................................ 24.81 6,160 51,610 23.65 

First-line supervisors of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand......................................................... 22.08 166,360 45,930 21.06 

First-line supervisors of transportation and material-moving machine

 and vehicle operators.............................................................................................................................. 26.42 196,420 54,950 25.34 

Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers..................................................................................................... (2) 115,300 68,580 (2)

Commercial pilots........................................................................................................................................... (2) 73,490 29,900 (2)

Air traffic controllers........................................................................................................................................ 23,970 53.02 110,280 51.94

Airfield operations specialists......................................................................................................................... 22.47 6,790 46,740 21.67 

Flight attendants............................................................................................................................................. (2) 41,630 88,020 (2)

Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians............................................... 11.60 19,440 24,130 11.03 

Bus drivers, transit and intercity..................................................................................................................... 17.82 179,700 37,060 17.08 

Bus drivers, school or special client............................................................................................................... 13.78 467,610 28,660 13.26 

Driver/sales workers....................................................................................................................................... 371,670 13.02 27,070 10.84

Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers............................................................................................................ 1,466,740 18.97 39,450 18.16

Light truck or delivery services drivers........................................................................................................... 780,260 15.45 32,140 13.77

Taxi drivers and chauffeurs............................................................................................................................ 161,940 11.82 24,580 10.79

Motor vehicle operators, all other................................................................................................................... 61,230 15.83 32,920 13.58

Locomotive engineers.................................................................................................................................... 40,750 24.46 50,870 22.42

Locomotive firers............................................................................................................................................ 1,130 22.62 47,040 20.92

Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers...................................................................................... 5,600 18.18 37,810 17.06

See footnotes at end of table.
Hourly Annual1

Transportation and material moving occupations (Continued)

Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators............................................................................................... 22,760 $23.47 $48,820 $22.92

Railroad conductors and yardmasters.......................................................................................................... 25.18 42,700 52,370 23.93 

Subway and streetcar operators.................................................................................................................. 25.69 6,360 53,440 27.35 

Rail transportation workers, all other............................................................................................................ 3,210 23.09 48,030 22.95

Sailors and marine oilers.............................................................................................................................. 18.28 31,690 38,030 17.44 

Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels................................................................................................ 33.89 29,280 70,500 30.86 

Motorboat operators..................................................................................................................................... 19.31 2,480 40,170 18.52 

Ship engineers.............................................................................................................................................. 34.09 9,470 70,920 31.67 

Bridge and lock tenders................................................................................................................................ 3,250 20.72 43,090 22.08

Parking lot attendants................................................................................................................................... 10.21 124,590 21,250 9.39 

Automotive and watercraft service attendants.............................................................................................. 10.20 86,440 21,210 9.40 

Traffic technicians......................................................................................................................................... 20.94 6,730 43,550 19.77 

Transportation inspectors............................................................................................................................. 24,280 30.31 63,050 27.71

Transportation attendants, except flight attendants...................................................................................... 11.21 25,150 23,320 10.06 

Transportation workers, all other.................................................................................................................. 32,760 17.31 36,010 15.83

Conveyor operators and tenders.................................................................................................................. 36,810 14.69 30,550 14.07

Crane and tower operators........................................................................................................................... 39,510 24.03 49,980 22.23

Dredge operators.......................................................................................................................................... 17.59 1,720 36,580 16.20 

Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators............................................................................. 49,140 19.19 39,910 17.75

Loading machine operators, underground mining........................................................................................ 3,050 22.20 46,170 22.07

Hoist and winch operators............................................................................................................................ 2,810 19.76 41,110 18.11

Industrial truck and tractor operators............................................................................................................ 518,350 15.15 31,500 14.32

Cleaners of vehicles and equipment............................................................................................................ 288,110 10.74 22,340 9.46

Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.............................................................................. 2,024,180 12.36 25,710 11.28

Machine feeders and offbearers................................................................................................................... 119,730 13.54 28,170 12.98

Packers and packagers, hand...................................................................................................................... 676,870 10.63 22,100 9.44

Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators................................................................................... 4,040 24.48 50,920 24.32

Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers................................................................................................. 22.14 9,440 46,060 21.03 

Wellhead pumpers........................................................................................................................................ 12,960 20.45 42,540 19.54

Refuse and recyclable material collectors.................................................................................................... 126,360 16.50 34,310 15.69

Mine shuttle car operators............................................................................................................................ 3,080 23.43 48,730 23.13

Tank car, truck, and ship loaders................................................................................................................. 10,390 21.40 44,510 20.57

Material moving workers, all other................................................................................................................ 28,040 18.02 37,480 16.35

3 Represents a wage above $80.00 per hour.

4 Estimates not released.

* Occupation titles followed by an asterisk (*) have similar titles, but not necessarily the same content as 2010 SOC occupations.

2 Wages for some occupations that do not generally work year-round, full time, are reported either as hourly wages or annual salaries depending on how

they are typically paid.

 where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.

1 Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations

Occupation Employment

Mean wages

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2010- Continued

Median hourly 

wages