Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-13-0581 

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, April 5, 2013 

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — MARCH 2013 

Nonfarm payroll employment edged up in March (+88,000), and the unemployment rate was little 

changed at 7.6 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment grew in 

professional and business services and in health care but declined in retail trade. 

Household Survey Data 

Both the number of unemployed persons, at 11.7 million, and the unemployment rate, at 7.6 percent, 

were little changed in March. (See table A-1.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (6.9 percent), adult women 

(7.0 percent), teenagers (24.2 percent), whites (6.7 percent), blacks (13.3 percent), and Hispanics (9.2 

percent) showed little or no change in March. The jobless rate for Asians was 5.0 percent (not seasonally 

adjusted), little changed from a year earlier. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

In March, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was little 

changed at 4.6 million. These individuals accounted for 39.6 percent of the unemployed. (See 

table A-12.) 

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

M ar-11 Jun-11 Sep-11 Dec-11 M ar-12 Jun-12 Sep-12 Dec-12 M ar-13

Thousands

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month 

change, seasonally adjusted, March 2011 – March 2013

Percent

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

M ar-11 Jun-11 Sep-11 Dec-11 M ar-12 Jun-12 Sep-12 Dec-12 M ar-13

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

March 2011 – March 2013
- 2 - 

The civilian labor force declined by 496,000 over the month, and the labor force participation rate

decreased by 0.2 percentage point to 63.3 percent. The employment-population ratio, at 58.5 percent, 

changed little. (See table A-1.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as 

involuntary part-time workers) fell by 350,000 over the month to 7.6 million. These individuals were 

working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time 

job. (See table A-8.) 

In March, 2.3 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, essentially unchanged 

from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, 

wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They 

were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the 

survey. (See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 803,000 discouraged workers in March, little changed from 

a year earlier. (These data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently 

looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.5 million persons 

marginally attached to the labor force in March had not searched for work for reasons such as school 

attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

Total nonfarm payroll employment edged up in March (+88,000). Over the prior 12 months, 

employment growth had averaged 169,000 per month. In March, employment increased in professional 

and business services and in health care, while retail trade employment declined. (See table B-1.) 

Professional and business services added 51,000 jobs in March. Over the past 12 months, employment 

in this industry has grown by 533,000. Within professional and business services, accounting and 

bookkeeping services added 11,000 jobs over the month, and employment continued to trend up in 

temporary help services and in several other component industries. 

Job growth in health care continued in March, with a gain of 23,000, similar to the prior 12-month 

average. Within health care, employment increased by 15,000 in ambulatory health care services, such 

as home health care, and by 8,000 in hospitals. 

Construction employment continued to trend up in March (+18,000). Job growth in this industry picked 

up this past fall; since September, the industry has added 169,000 jobs. In March, employment 

continued to expand among specialty trade contractors (+23,000). Employment in specialty trade 

contractors has increased by 128,000 since September, with the gain about equally split between the 

residential and nonresidential components. 

Within leisure and hospitality, employment in food services and drinking places continued to trend up 

in March (+13,000). Over the past year, the industry added 262,000 jobs. 

In March, retail trade employment declined by 24,000. The industry had added an average of 32,000 

jobs per month over the prior 6 months. In March, job declines occurred in clothing and clothing 

accessories stores (-15,000), building material and garden supply stores (-10,000), and electronics and 

appliance stores (-6,000). 
- 3 - 

Within government, U.S. Postal Service employment fell by 12,000 in March. Employment in other 

major industries, including mining, manufacturing, wholesale trade, transportation and 

warehousing, information, financial activities, state government, and local government, showed 

little change over the month. 

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 hour to 34.6 

hours. The manufacturing workweek decreased by 0.1 hour to 40.8 hours, and factory overtime rose by 

0.1 hour to 3.4 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on 

private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.8 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

In March, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls, at $23.82, changed 

little (+1 cent). Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 42 cents, or 1.8 percent. Average 

hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees, at $20.03, changed little 

(-1 cent) in March. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for January was revised from +119,000 to +148,000, 

and the change for February was revised from +236,000 to +268,000. 

The Employment Situation for April is scheduled to be released on Friday, May 3, 2013, at 

8:30 a.m. (EDT). 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Change from:

Feb. 2013-

Mar. 2013

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population............................................ 242,604 244,663 244,828 244,995 167

Civilian labor force............................................................ 154,707 155,654 155,524 155,028 -496

Participation rate........................................................... 63.8 63.6 63.5 63.3 -0.2

Employed.................................................................... 142,020 143,322 143,492 143,286 -206

Employment-population ratio........................................... 58.5 58.6 58.6 58.5 -0.1

Unemployed................................................................. 12,686 12,332 12,032 11,742 -290

Unemployment rate..................................................... 8.2 7.9 7.7 7.6 -0.1

Not in labor force............................................................. 87,898 89,008 89,304 89,967 663

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over....................................................... 8.2 7.9 7.7 7.6 -0.1

Adult men (20 years and over).............................................. 7.7 7.3 7.1 6.9 -0.2

Adult women (20 years and over).......................................... 7.4 7.3 7.0 7.0 0.0

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................. 25.0 23.4 25.1 24.2 -0.9

White........................................................................... 7.3 7.0 6.8 6.7 -0.1

Black or African American................................................... 14.0 13.8 13.8 13.3 -0.5

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................. 6.2 6.5 6.1 5.0 –

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.................................................. 10.3 9.7 9.6 9.2 -0.4

Total, 25 years and over....................................................... 6.8 6.5 6.3 6.2 -0.1

Less than a high school diploma........................................... 12.6 12.0 11.2 11.1 -0.1

High school graduates, no college......................................... 8.0 8.1 7.9 7.6 -0.3

Some college or associate degree......................................... 7.5 7.0 6.7 6.4 -0.3

Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................... 4.2 3.7 3.8 3.8 0.0

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs................... 7,021 6,637 6,522 6,329 -193

Job leavers....................................................................... 1,111 981 956 986 30

Reentrants........................................................................ 3,264 3,515 3,340 3,176 -164

New entrants..................................................................... 1,421 1,287 1,279 1,316 37

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks.............................................................. 2,596 2,766 2,667 2,464 -203

5 to 14 weeks.................................................................... 2,784 3,028 2,782 2,838 56

15 to 26 weeks.................................................................. 1,877 1,858 1,695 1,737 42

27 weeks and over.............................................................. 5,302 4,708 4,797 4,611 -186

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons............................................... 7,664 7,973 7,988 7,638 -350

Slack work or business conditions.......................................... 5,060 5,126 5,136 4,906 -230

Could only find part-time work.............................................. 2,360 2,630 2,578 2,576 -2

Part time for noneconomic reasons........................................... 18,530 18,464 18,908 18,745 -163

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force........................................ 2,352 2,443 2,588 2,326 –

Discouraged workers......................................................... 865 804 885 803 –

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 148 268 88

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 164 254 95

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 41 73 16

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3 5 1

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -4 24 49 18

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 14 19 -3

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 5 9 4

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.7 1.7 1.3 0.8

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 9 10 -7

Private service-providing1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 123 181 79

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 13.7 4.7 -1.0

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -5.6 22.4 14.6 -24.1

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 -22.2 -1.7 -2.8

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -2 4 19 5

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 7 8 -2

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 46 80 51

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -7.1 11.6 23.4 20.3

Education and health services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 15 31 44

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.7 16.5 36.9 27.9

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 31 26 17

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 6 -2 -9

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -3 -16 14 -7

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.3 49.4 49.3 49.3

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.8 47.9 47.8 47.8

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.6 82.6 82.6 82.6

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.5 34.4 34.5 34.6

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 23.40 $ 23.78 $ 23.81 $ 23.82

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $807.30 $818.03 $821.45 $824.17

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.2 97.4 97.9 98.2

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.1 -0.1 0.5 0.3

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.4 110.4 111.1 111.6

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.5

HOURS AND EARNINGS

PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.7 33.6 33.8 33.8

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 19.68 $ 19.98 $ 20.04 $ 20.03

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $663.22 $671.33 $677.35 $677.01

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.5 104.7 105.5 105.6

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.1 -0.2 0.8 0.1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.0 139.7 141.2 141.3

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.1 1.1 0.1

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private (266 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.8 63.0 59.6 54.3

Manufacturing (81 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.1 55.6 54.3 46.3

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing

industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance

between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of 

employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series 

has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household 

survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 

100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically 

significant change in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a 

more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers 

whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private 

household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also 

provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences 

between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf. 

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, 

it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does 

not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which 

identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the 

foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The 

Employment Situation news release. 

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax 

records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more 

information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments 

with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the 

reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and 

industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 

 
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net 

employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an 

econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based 

on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census 

of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this 

purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There 

is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and 

availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment 

insurance benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons 

who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the 

unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There 

is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently 

looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, 

including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged 

workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include 

discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each 

month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these 

alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? 

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. 

Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on 

employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay 

for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, 

but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be 

off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such 

as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment, employees have 

to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Slightly more than 20 percent of all employees 

in the payroll survey sample have a weekly pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of 

the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to 

quantify the effect of extreme weather on estimates of over-the-month change in employment. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of 

the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as 

employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the 

number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure 

of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours. Current and historical 

data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page at http://data.bls.gov/cgibin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household 

survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey 

(CES; establishment survey). The household survey 

provides information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked 

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 

60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census 

Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm 

payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of 

nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the 

CES program surveys about 145,000 businesses and 

government agencies, representing approximately 557,000 

individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry 

data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on 

nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes 

approximately one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that 

contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment 

survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 

12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the 

calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment 

sometime during the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting 

recall need not be looking for work to be counted as 

unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the 

household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for 

or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as 

employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The 

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent 

of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the 

labor force as a percent of the population, and 

the employment-population ratio is the employed as a 

percent of the population. Additional information 

about the household survey can be found at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are 

counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are 

produced for the private sector for all employees and for 

production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and 

logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing 

industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an 

establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 

2012 version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous 

conceptual and methodological differences between the 

household and establishment surveys result in important 

distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the 

surveys. Among these are: 

 The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, self-employed workers whose businesses 

are unicorporated, unpaid family workers, and 

private household workers among the employed. 

These groups are excluded from the establishment 

survey. 

 The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not. 

 The household survey is limited to workers 16 

years of age and older. The establishment survey is 

not limited by age. 

 The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance. 
Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, 

and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the 

participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For 

example, in the household survey, the large number of 

youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure 

any other changes that have taken place relative to May, 

making it difficult to determine if the level of economic 

activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the 

establishment survey, payroll employment in education 

declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term 

and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the 

underlying employment trends in the industry. Because 

seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of 

the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be 

adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more 

discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more 

useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-tomonth economic activity. 

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, 

such as total payroll employment, employment in most 

major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are 

computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived 

by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex 

components; this differs from the unemployment estimate 

that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by 

combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age 

categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling 

error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. The 

component of this difference that occurs because samples 

differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its 

variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. 

There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value 

because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the 

establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 

90,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment 

increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-

percent confidence interval on the monthly change would 

range from -60,000 to +140,000 (50,000 +/- 90,000). These 

figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these 

magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent 

chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this 

interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, 

we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment 

had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported 

nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the 

values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be 

greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-

percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen 

that month. At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, 

the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change 

in unemployment as measured by the household survey is 

about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the 

unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.2 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, 

such as for quarterly and annual averages. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all 

respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide correct information on a timely 

basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in 

the collection or processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates 

for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete 

returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled 

preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive 

revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample 

reports have been received, that the estimate is considered 

final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 
account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment 

gains from business births. This is incorporated into the 

sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting 

sample units going out of business, but imputing to them 

the same employment trend as the other firms in the 

sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net 

birth/death employment. 

The second component is an ARIMA time series 

model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death 

employment not accounted for by the imputation. The 

historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA 

model was derived from the unemployment insurance 

universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual 

residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough 

proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also 

incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over 

the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total 

nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a 

range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Mar.

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242,604 244,828 244,995 242,604 244,174 244,350 244,663 244,828 244,995

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154,316 154,727 154,512 154,707 155,319 155,511 155,654 155,524 155,028

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.6 63.2 63.1 63.8 63.6 63.6 63.6 63.5 63.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141,412 142,228 142,698 142,020 143,277 143,305 143,322 143,492 143,286

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.3 58.1 58.2 58.5 58.7 58.6 58.6 58.6 58.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,904 12,500 11,815 12,686 12,042 12,206 12,332 12,032 11,742

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4 8.1 7.6 8.2 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.7 7.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,288 90,100 90,483 87,898 88,855 88,839 89,008 89,304 89,967

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,041 6,842 6,399 6,315 6,827 6,750 6,631 6,821 6,722

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,986 118,117 118,204 116,986 117,810 117,902 118,033 118,117 118,204

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,830 82,180 82,133 82,188 82,514 82,545 82,940 82,823 82,584

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.9 69.6 69.5 70.3 70.0 70.0 70.3 70.1 69.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,507 75,160 75,521 75,344 75,983 76,060 76,290 76,375 76,329

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.7 63.6 63.9 64.4 64.5 64.5 64.6 64.7 64.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,323 7,020 6,611 6,844 6,530 6,486 6,650 6,447 6,255

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 8.5 8.0 8.3 7.9 7.9 8.0 7.8 7.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,156 35,937 36,071 34,798 35,297 35,357 35,093 35,295 35,619

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108,289 109,541 109,635 108,289 109,206 109,308 109,448 109,541 109,635

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79,175 79,511 79,529 79,313 79,568 79,695 80,016 79,910 79,747

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.1 72.6 72.5 73.2 72.9 72.9 73.1 72.9 72.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,567 73,248 73,588 73,238 73,821 73,949 74,139 74,249 74,228

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.0 66.9 67.1 67.6 67.6 67.7 67.7 67.8 67.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,608 6,262 5,941 6,075 5,747 5,746 5,877 5,661 5,519

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 7.9 7.5 7.7 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.1 6.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,114 30,030 30,107 28,976 29,638 29,613 29,432 29,631 29,888

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,619 126,710 126,791 125,619 126,364 126,447 126,630 126,710 126,791

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,486 72,547 72,379 72,519 72,806 72,965 72,715 72,701 72,443

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.7 57.3 57.1 57.7 57.6 57.7 57.4 57.4 57.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,906 67,068 67,176 66,676 67,294 67,245 67,032 67,116 66,956

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.3 52.9 53.0 53.1 53.3 53.2 52.9 53.0 52.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,580 5,479 5,203 5,842 5,512 5,721 5,682 5,585 5,487

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7 7.6 7.2 8.1 7.6 7.8 7.8 7.7 7.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,133 54,163 54,412 53,100 53,558 53,482 53,916 54,009 54,348

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,260 118,433 118,520 117,260 118,079 118,170 118,348 118,433 118,520

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,755 69,865 69,675 69,580 69,907 70,059 69,749 69,772 69,544

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.5 59.0 58.8 59.3 59.2 59.3 58.9 58.9 58.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,756 64,973 65,038 64,422 64,988 64,954 64,675 64,867 64,707

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.2 54.9 54.9 54.9 55.0 55.0 54.6 54.8 54.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,998 4,891 4,637 5,158 4,918 5,105 5,074 4,905 4,837

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 7.0 6.7 7.4 7.0 7.3 7.3 7.0 7.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,505 48,568 48,845 47,680 48,172 48,111 48,599 48,661 48,976

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,056 16,854 16,840 17,056 16,890 16,871 16,867 16,854 16,840

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,386 5,352 5,309 5,814 5,845 5,756 5,889 5,842 5,737

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.6 31.8 31.5 34.1 34.6 34.1 34.9 34.7 34.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,089 4,006 4,072 4,360 4,468 4,402 4,508 4,376 4,351

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.0 23.8 24.2 25.6 26.5 26.1 26.7 26.0 25.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,297 1,346 1,237 1,453 1,376 1,355 1,381 1,466 1,386

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.1 25.1 23.3 25.0 23.6 23.5 23.4 25.1 24.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,669 11,502 11,531 11,242 11,045 11,115 10,978 11,012 11,103

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Mar.

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192,788 193,859 193,946 192,788 193,748 193,849 193,776 193,859 193,946

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,209 122,922 122,809 123,702 123,540 123,774 123,971 123,626 123,382

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.9 63.4 63.3 64.2 63.8 63.9 64.0 63.8 63.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,909 114,036 114,354 114,645 115,124 115,289 115,266 115,250 115,080

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.1 58.8 59.0 59.5 59.4 59.5 59.5 59.5 59.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,301 8,887 8,454 9,058 8,416 8,485 8,705 8,376 8,302

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 7.2 6.9 7.3 6.8 6.9 7.0 6.8 6.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,579 70,937 71,138 69,086 70,207 70,076 69,805 70,233 70,565

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,340 64,336 64,253 64,556 64,509 64,646 64,924 64,720 64,549

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.5 72.9 72.8 73.8 73.2 73.3 73.7 73.4 73.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,532 59,741 59,974 60,151 60,397 60,609 60,652 60,659 60,594

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.0 67.7 68.0 68.7 68.5 68.7 68.8 68.8 68.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,808 4,595 4,280 4,405 4,112 4,037 4,272 4,061 3,955

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 7.1 6.7 6.8 6.4 6.2 6.6 6.3 6.1

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,476 54,291 54,291 54,447 54,366 54,452 54,318 54,224 54,255

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.9 58.3 58.3 58.8 58.4 58.5 58.4 58.2 58.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,959 50,980 51,077 50,850 51,008 51,015 50,869 50,946 50,940

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.1 54.7 54.8 54.9 54.8 54.8 54.7 54.7 54.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,517 3,311 3,214 3,597 3,358 3,437 3,450 3,278 3,315

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 6.1 5.9 6.6 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.0 6.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,393 4,295 4,264 4,700 4,665 4,676 4,729 4,682 4,578

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.6 34.2 34.0 37.0 37.0 37.2 37.7 37.3 36.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,418 3,315 3,304 3,644 3,718 3,665 3,746 3,645 3,546

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.9 26.4 26.4 28.7 29.5 29.1 29.8 29.1 28.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 976 981 960 1,056 946 1,011 983 1,037 1,032

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.2 22.8 22.5 22.5 20.3 21.6 20.8 22.1 22.5

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,792 30,223 30,255 29,792 30,061 30,093 30,190 30,223 30,255

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,339 18,531 18,461 18,411 18,374 18,403 18,641 18,639 18,524

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.6 61.3 61.0 61.8 61.1 61.2 61.7 61.7 61.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,829 15,969 16,090 15,838 15,952 15,827 16,073 16,059 16,068

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.1 52.8 53.2 53.2 53.1 52.6 53.2 53.1 53.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,510 2,562 2,371 2,573 2,422 2,577 2,568 2,580 2,456

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.7 13.8 12.8 14.0 13.2 14.0 13.8 13.8 13.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,453 11,691 11,794 11,381 11,687 11,690 11,549 11,583 11,731

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,262 8,386 8,447 8,278 8,225 8,298 8,382 8,437 8,447

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.2 67.7 68.1 68.3 66.9 67.4 67.8 68.2 68.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,044 7,258 7,322 7,126 7,165 7,134 7,262 7,352 7,370

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.1 58.6 59.1 58.8 58.3 58.0 58.8 59.4 59.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,218 1,128 1,125 1,152 1,060 1,164 1,120 1,085 1,077

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.7 13.4 13.3 13.9 12.9 14.0 13.4 12.9 12.7

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,445 9,490 9,344 9,455 9,444 9,454 9,545 9,491 9,365

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.9 62.2 61.2 63.0 62.3 62.2 62.7 62.2 61.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,393 8,339 8,305 8,307 8,360 8,305 8,367 8,302 8,226

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.9 54.7 54.4 55.4 55.1 54.7 54.9 54.4 53.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,052 1,151 1,039 1,148 1,085 1,149 1,178 1,189 1,139

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 12.1 11.1 12.1 11.5 12.2 12.3 12.5 12.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632 656 670 678 704 651 714 711 713

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.7 25.3 25.9 25.4 27.0 25.1 27.5 27.4 27.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392 373 463 405 427 387 444 404 472

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.7 14.4 17.9 15.2 16.4 14.9 17.1 15.6 18.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 284 207 272 277 264 270 307 241

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.9 43.2 30.9 40.2 39.3 40.5 37.8 43.1 33.8

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,766 13,185 13,223 – – – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Mar.

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,113 8,566 8,524 – – – – – –

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.6 65.0 64.5 – – – – – –

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,607 8,040 8,101 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.6 61.0 61.3 – – – – – –

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506 526 423 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 6.1 5.0 – – – – – –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,652 4,619 4,699 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Mar.

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population.................. 36,463 37,169 37,242 36,463 37,147 37,231 37,094 37,169 37,242

Civilian labor force................................. 24,109 24,519 24,282 24,126 24,544 24,539 24,572 24,563 24,354

Participation rate................................. 66.1 66.0 65.2 66.2 66.1 65.9 66.2 66.1 65.4

Employed......................................... 21,510 21,999 21,986 21,639 22,109 22,195 22,199 22,215 22,122

Employment-population ratio................ 59.0 59.2 59.0 59.3 59.5 59.6 59.8 59.8 59.4

Unemployed...................................... 2,598 2,519 2,295 2,487 2,435 2,344 2,373 2,348 2,232

Unemployment rate........................... 10.8 10.3 9.5 10.3 9.9 9.6 9.7 9.6 9.2

Not in labor force................................... 12,354 12,650 12,960 12,337 12,602 12,692 12,522 12,606 12,888

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 13,246 13,534 13,518 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 80.8 80.8 80.5 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 11,952 12,304 12,407 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 72.9 73.4 73.9 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 1,294 1,230 1,111 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 9.8 9.1 8.2 – – – – – –

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 9,813 9,975 9,805 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 59.8 59.5 58.3 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 8,829 8,980 8,890 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 53.8 53.5 52.9 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 984 995 915 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 10.0 10.0 9.3 – – – – – –

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................. 1,050 1,010 959 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 28.8 27.7 26.3 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 730 716 690 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 20.0 19.6 18.9 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 320 294 269 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 30.5 29.1 28.1 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release

of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................... 11,349 10,842 11,137 11,490 11,097 11,120 11,125 11,256 11,264

Participation rate.................................... 45.7 45.4 45.5 46.3 45.3 45.1 45.5 47.2 46.0

Employed............................................ 9,788 9,463 9,803 10,038 9,753 9,821 9,784 9,999 10,012

Employment-population ratio................... 39.4 39.7 40.0 40.4 39.8 39.8 40.0 41.9 40.9

Unemployed......................................... 1,561 1,378 1,334 1,452 1,344 1,298 1,341 1,257 1,252

Unemployment rate.............................. 13.8 12.7 12.0 12.6 12.1 11.7 12.0 11.2 11.1

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................... 36,614 36,212 36,090 36,570 36,652 36,663 36,557 36,143 36,121

Participation rate.................................... 59.2 58.3 58.5 59.1 59.4 59.1 58.7 58.1 58.6

Employed............................................ 33,402 33,026 33,088 33,645 33,677 33,713 33,585 33,289 33,359

Employment-population ratio................... 54.0 53.1 53.7 54.4 54.6 54.3 54.0 53.6 54.1

Unemployed......................................... 3,212 3,186 3,003 2,925 2,975 2,950 2,972 2,854 2,762

Unemployment rate.............................. 8.8 8.8 8.3 8.0 8.1 8.0 8.1 7.9 7.6

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................... 37,369 37,478 37,193 37,366 37,274 37,397 37,201 37,291 37,232

Participation rate.................................... 69.3 68.4 68.1 69.3 68.4 68.7 68.3 68.0 68.1

Employed............................................ 34,507 34,914 34,813 34,572 34,832 34,831 34,587 34,776 34,845

Employment-population ratio................... 64.0 63.7 63.7 64.1 63.9 64.0 63.5 63.5 63.8

Unemployed......................................... 2,863 2,564 2,380 2,794 2,442 2,566 2,614 2,515 2,387

Unemployment rate.............................. 7.7 6.8 6.4 7.5 6.6 6.9 7.0 6.7 6.4

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................... 48,389 49,489 49,560 48,154 48,858 48,859 48,991 49,436 49,236

Participation rate.................................... 76.6 76.0 75.8 76.2 75.5 75.9 75.8 75.9 75.3

Employed............................................ 46,415 47,567 47,723 46,155 46,968 46,954 47,172 47,555 47,371

Employment-population ratio................... 73.4 73.0 73.0 73.0 72.6 72.9 72.9 73.0 72.5

Unemployed......................................... 1,974 1,922 1,837 1,999 1,891 1,905 1,819 1,881 1,865

Unemployment rate.............................. 4.1 3.9 3.7 4.2 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.8

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

Mar.

2012

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Mar.

2013

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,286 21,492 19,475 19,274 1,811 2,218

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,161 11,011 10,004 9,628 1,158 1,383

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.4 51.2 51.4 50.0 63.9 62.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,328 10,228 9,256 8,956 1,072 1,272

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.5 47.6 47.5 46.5 59.2 57.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 834 783 748 672 86 111

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 7.1 7.5 7.0 7.4 8.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,125 10,481 9,471 9,646 653 835

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,713 2,846 2,219 2,271 495 575

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,184 2,252 1,841 1,882 343 370

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.5 79.1 83.0 82.9 69.4 64.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,960 2,044 1,654 1,718 306 326

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.2 71.8 74.5 75.7 61.9 56.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 207 187 164 37 44

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.3 9.2 10.2 8.7 10.8 11.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530 594 378 389 152 205

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,020 3,347 2,550 2,684 471 663

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,557 2,809 2,190 2,311 367 498

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.7 83.9 85.9 86.1 78.0 75.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,413 2,627 2,071 2,161 342 466

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.9 78.5 81.2 80.5 72.6 70.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 181 119 150 25 31

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6 6.5 5.4 6.5 6.9 6.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463 539 360 373 104 165

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,974 9,936 9,649 9,560 325 376

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,281 3,082 3,159 2,959 122 123

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.9 31.0 32.7 31.0 37.5 32.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,039 2,856 2,921 2,744 119 111

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.5 28.7 30.3 28.7 36.7 29.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 226 238 215 3 11

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 7.3 7.5 7.3 2.2 9.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,693 6,854 6,490 6,601 203 253

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,579 5,363 5,057 4,759 521 604

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,140 2,868 2,814 2,476 326 392

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.3 53.5 55.6 52.0 62.5 65.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,916 2,700 2,611 2,332 305 368

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.3 50.4 51.6 49.0 58.6 60.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 168 203 143 21 25

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 5.9 7.2 5.8 6.4 6.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,439 2,494 2,243 2,283 195 212

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212,427 214,393 92,943 94,268 119,484 120,125

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141,430 141,710 70,984 71,679 70,446 70,030

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.6 66.1 76.4 76.0 59.0 58.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129,852 131,172 64,661 65,992 65,190 65,180

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.1 61.2 69.6 70.0 54.6 54.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,578 10,538 6,322 5,687 5,256 4,850

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2 7.4 8.9 7.9 7.5 6.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,998 72,683 21,959 22,589 49,039 50,094

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S.

Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August

2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time

periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and

another period are classified only in the wartime period. Beginning with data for January 2013, estimates for veterans incorporate population controls derived from the updated

Department of Veterans Affairs’ population model.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Mar.

2012

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Mar.

2013

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population....................................................... 28,158 28,936 214,446 216,059

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 5,671 5,979 148,645 148,533

Participation rate...................................................................... 20.1 20.7 69.3 68.7

Employed.............................................................................. 4,810 5,203 136,603 137,495

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 17.1 18.0 63.7 63.6

Unemployed........................................................................... 861 776 12,042 11,038

Unemployment rate................................................................ 15.2 13.0 8.1 7.4

Not in labor force........................................................................ 22,487 22,957 65,801 67,526

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,513 2,677 74,997 74,948

Participation rate...................................................................... 33.8 34.9 82.1 81.9

Employed.............................................................................. 2,073 2,290 68,374 69,024

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 27.9 29.8 74.8 75.4

Unemployed........................................................................... 440 386 6,622 5,924

Unemployment rate................................................................ 17.5 14.4 8.8 7.9

Not in labor force........................................................................ 4,922 5,002 16,362 16,585

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,281 2,289 66,850 66,534

Participation rate...................................................................... 28.6 28.9 70.8 70.1

Employed.............................................................................. 1,913 1,974 61,828 61,833

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 24.0 24.9 65.5 65.2

Unemployed........................................................................... 368 315 5,021 4,701

Unemployment rate................................................................ 16.1 13.7 7.5 7.1

Not in labor force........................................................................ 5,686 5,631 27,615 28,343

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 877 1,013 6,799 7,051

Participation rate...................................................................... 6.9 7.6 23.8 23.8

Employed.............................................................................. 824 938 6,400 6,638

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 6.5 7.0 22.4 22.4

Unemployed........................................................................... 54 75 399 413

Unemployment rate................................................................ 6.1 7.4 5.9 5.9

Not in labor force........................................................................ 11,879 12,324 21,824 22,598

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing

even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition;

has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or

shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

Mar.

2012

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Mar.

2013

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 37,664 38,106 18,449 18,618 19,215 19,487

Civilian labor force................................................... 24,958 25,061 14,486 14,590 10,471 10,472

Participation rate................................................... 66.3 65.8 78.5 78.4 54.5 53.7

Employed........................................................... 22,785 23,197 13,248 13,581 9,537 9,616

Employment-population ratio.................................. 60.5 60.9 71.8 72.9 49.6 49.3

Unemployed........................................................ 2,173 1,865 1,239 1,008 934 856

Unemployment rate............................................. 8.7 7.4 8.6 6.9 8.9 8.2

Not in labor force..................................................... 12,706 13,044 3,963 4,029 8,744 9,015

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 204,941 206,889 98,537 99,585 106,404 107,304

Civilian labor force................................................... 129,358 129,451 67,344 67,543 62,015 61,908

Participation rate................................................... 63.1 62.6 68.3 67.8 58.3 57.7

Employed........................................................... 118,628 119,501 61,259 61,940 57,369 57,561

Employment-population ratio.................................. 57.9 57.8 62.2 62.2 53.9 53.6

Unemployed........................................................ 10,731 9,950 6,084 5,603 4,646 4,347

Unemployment rate............................................. 8.3 7.7 9.0 8.3 7.5 7.0

Not in labor force..................................................... 75,582 77,438 31,193 32,042 44,389 45,396

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or

one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the

United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................... 2,123 1,914 1,904 2,217 2,121 2,088 2,057 2,065 2,001

Wage and salary workers1 ....................... 1,296 1,132 1,162 1,396 1,320 1,295 1,245 1,258 1,250

Self-employed workers, unincorporated......... 799 754 700 808 776 747 775 792 710

Unpaid family workers............................. 28 27 42 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries............................ 139,290 140,314 140,793 139,871 141,149 141,190 141,255 141,415 141,317

Wage and salary workers1 ....................... 130,778 131,742 132,417 131,221 132,038 132,113 132,445 132,694 132,761

Government...................................... 20,536 20,802 20,965 20,226 20,598 20,686 20,696 20,571 20,633

Private industries................................ 110,241 110,941 111,452 111,031 111,429 111,406 111,746 112,141 112,147

Private households............................ 656 676 659 – – – – – –

Other industries............................... 109,585 110,265 110,792 110,353 110,659 110,632 110,873 111,411 111,462

Self-employed workers, unincorporated......... 8,433 8,496 8,264 8,547 8,959 8,935 8,746 8,686 8,407

Unpaid family workers............................. 79 76 113 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3 ................... 7,867 8,298 7,734 7,664 8,138 7,918 7,973 7,988 7,638

Slack work or business conditions............... 5,146 5,457 4,857 5,060 5,084 4,928 5,126 5,136 4,906

Could only find part-time work.................... 2,427 2,474 2,578 2,360 2,648 2,616 2,630 2,578 2,576

Part time for noneconomic reasons4 .............. 19,022 19,500 19,262 18,530 18,594 18,763 18,464 18,908 18,745

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3 ................... 7,753 8,163 7,598 7,587 8,029 7,812 7,867 7,865 7,544

Slack work or business conditions............... 5,062 5,354 4,771 5,003 5,025 4,887 5,047 5,045 4,832

Could only find part-time work.................... 2,418 2,468 2,563 2,307 2,650 2,583 2,610 2,542 2,510

Part time for noneconomic reasons4 .............. 18,615 19,201 18,949 18,106 18,310 18,469 18,182 18,549 18,435

1 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the

entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions,

inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training,

retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during

the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141,412 142,228 142,698 142,020 143,277 143,305 143,322 143,492 143,286

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,089 4,006 4,072 4,360 4,468 4,402 4,508 4,376 4,351

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,233 1,327 1,298 1,413 1,351 1,405 1,453 1,520 1,482

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,856 2,679 2,774 2,932 3,126 2,985 3,048 2,866 2,868

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137,324 138,222 138,626 137,660 138,809 138,903 138,814 139,116 138,935

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,212 13,251 13,199 13,368 13,595 13,570 13,471 13,527 13,382

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124,112 124,970 125,426 124,376 125,200 125,406 125,311 125,604 125,615

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93,816 93,736 94,044 94,243 94,079 94,253 94,147 94,387 94,409

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,359 30,885 30,983 30,572 30,971 31,115 31,137 31,152 31,180

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,574 30,327 30,577 30,650 30,490 30,524 30,480 30,521 30,620

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,884 32,524 32,484 33,021 32,618 32,614 32,531 32,714 32,610

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,295 31,234 31,383 30,133 31,121 31,153 31,164 31,217 31,206

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,507 75,160 75,521 75,344 75,983 76,060 76,290 76,375 76,329

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,940 1,912 1,933 2,106 2,163 2,111 2,151 2,126 2,101

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 590 616 574 658 656 690 673 713 645

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,350 1,296 1,359 1,433 1,492 1,422 1,472 1,408 1,444

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,567 73,248 73,588 73,238 73,821 73,949 74,139 74,249 74,228

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,776 6,844 6,851 6,919 7,125 7,104 7,070 7,073 7,006

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,791 66,404 66,737 66,299 66,720 66,902 67,002 67,149 67,205

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,836 49,945 50,176 50,370 50,194 50,370 50,474 50,603 50,669

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,265 16,676 16,719 16,544 16,734 16,799 16,889 16,940 16,980

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,326 16,419 16,532 16,469 16,380 16,443 16,519 16,597 16,655

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,246 16,851 16,925 17,357 17,080 17,127 17,066 17,066 17,034

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,954 16,459 16,560 15,929 16,526 16,532 16,528 16,546 16,536

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,906 67,068 67,176 66,676 67,294 67,245 67,032 67,116 66,956

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,149 2,094 2,139 2,254 2,305 2,291 2,357 2,250 2,250

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 644 711 724 755 695 715 780 807 837

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,506 1,383 1,415 1,500 1,634 1,563 1,576 1,458 1,424

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,756 64,973 65,038 64,422 64,988 64,954 64,675 64,867 64,707

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,436 6,408 6,348 6,449 6,470 6,467 6,402 6,455 6,376

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,321 58,566 58,690 58,077 58,480 58,504 58,309 58,455 58,411

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,980 43,791 43,867 43,873 43,885 43,883 43,674 43,784 43,740

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,093 14,208 14,264 14,028 14,237 14,315 14,248 14,212 14,200

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,248 13,909 14,045 14,181 14,109 14,080 13,961 13,925 13,965

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,638 15,674 15,559 15,664 15,538 15,487 15,465 15,648 15,575

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,341 14,775 14,822 14,204 14,595 14,621 14,636 14,671 14,670

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,320 43,521 43,656 43,660 44,016 43,924 44,117 43,934 44,007

Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,477 34,656 34,409 34,360 34,576 34,611 34,271 34,400 34,319

Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,429 9,082 9,309 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,916 114,191 114,796 115,145 115,665 115,868 115,918 115,841 115,903

Part-time workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,497 28,037 27,902 26,956 27,517 27,502 27,467 27,569 27,442

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,052 7,435 7,192 6,976 7,109 7,017 6,919 7,259 7,102

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 5.2 5.0 4.9 5.0 4.9 4.8 5.1 5.0

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,130 5,246 5,419 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,232 9,250 8,964 9,356 9,735 9,682 9,521 9,478 9,117

1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Mar.

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over............................. 12,686 12,032 11,742 8.2 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.7 7.6

16 to 19 years...................................... 1,453 1,466 1,386 25.0 23.6 23.5 23.4 25.1 24.2

16 to 17 years.................................... 564 581 550 28.5 28.4 25.8 28.4 27.6 27.1

18 to 19 years.................................... 882 857 813 23.1 20.4 22.6 20.8 23.0 22.1

20 years and over.................................. 11,233 10,566 10,356 7.5 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.1 6.9

20 to 24 years.................................... 2,028 2,033 2,049 13.2 12.6 13.7 14.2 13.1 13.3

25 years and over............................... 9,116 8,513 8,237 6.8 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.3 6.2

25 to 54 years................................. 7,146 6,565 6,414 7.0 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.5 6.4

25 to 34 years.............................. 2,849 2,627 2,490 8.5 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.4

35 to 44 years.............................. 2,093 2,029 1,969 6.4 6.2 6.6 6.5 6.2 6.0

45 to 54 years.............................. 2,204 1,908 1,955 6.3 6.0 5.8 6.0 5.5 5.7

55 years and over............................. 1,986 1,939 1,832 6.2 5.8 5.9 6.0 5.8 5.5

Men, 16 years and over.............................. 6,844 6,447 6,255 8.3 7.9 7.9 8.0 7.8 7.6

16 to 19 years...................................... 769 787 736 26.8 26.6 25.9 26.4 27.0 25.9

16 to 17 years.................................... 284 322 286 30.2 31.4 25.1 31.3 31.1 30.7

18 to 19 years.................................... 481 452 442 25.2 23.8 26.3 23.7 24.3 23.4

20 years and over.................................. 6,075 5,661 5,519 7.7 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.1 6.9

20 to 24 years.................................... 1,137 1,096 1,182 14.1 12.6 13.5 15.3 13.4 14.4

25 years and over............................... 4,866 4,526 4,301 6.8 6.6 6.5 6.5 6.3 6.0

25 to 54 years................................. 3,797 3,474 3,301 7.0 6.7 6.5 6.6 6.4 6.1

25 to 34 years.............................. 1,530 1,411 1,303 8.5 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.1

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,143 1,037 991 6.5 6.1 6.2 6.2 5.9 5.6

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,124 1,026 1,008 6.1 6.1 5.7 5.9 5.7 5.6

55 years and over............................. 1,069 1,052 1,000 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.0 5.7

Women, 16 years and over.......................... 5,842 5,585 5,487 8.1 7.6 7.8 7.8 7.7 7.6

16 to 19 years...................................... 684 680 650 23.3 20.5 21.2 20.5 23.2 22.4

16 to 17 years.................................... 280 259 264 27.1 25.3 26.6 25.7 24.3 24.0

18 to 19 years.................................... 400 404 371 21.1 17.0 18.9 17.9 21.7 20.7

20 years and over.................................. 5,158 4,905 4,837 7.4 7.0 7.3 7.3 7.0 7.0

20 to 24 years.................................... 891 937 867 12.1 12.6 13.9 13.1 12.7 12.0

25 years and over............................... 4,250 3,987 3,936 6.8 6.3 6.6 6.6 6.4 6.3

25 to 54 years................................. 3,349 3,091 3,114 7.1 6.7 6.9 6.8 6.6 6.6

25 to 34 years.............................. 1,318 1,217 1,187 8.6 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.9 7.7

35 to 44 years.............................. 950 992 979 6.3 6.4 7.1 6.9 6.7 6.5

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,080 882 948 6.5 5.9 6.0 6.0 5.3 5.7

55 years and over1 ........................... 895 874 808 5.9 5.0 5.1 5.9 5.6 5.2

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present....................... 2,348 2,071 1,973 5.1 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.3

Married women, spouse present.................... 1,907 1,779 1,707 5.3 5.1 5.2 5.2 4.9 4.7

Women who maintain families1 .................... 1,139 1,126 1,120 10.8 10.7 11.3 11.3 11.0 10.7

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2 .................................... 10,873 10,227 9,963 8.6 8.1 8.3 8.3 8.1 7.9

Part-time workers3 ................................... 1,767 1,832 1,719 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 5.9

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.

3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time

jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 7,415 7,130 6,638 7,021 6,429 6,408 6,637 6,522 6,329

On temporary layoff................................ 1,354 1,425 1,312 1,132 1,080 1,085 1,155 1,078 1,107

Not on temporary layoff............................ 6,060 5,705 5,325 5,889 5,349 5,323 5,483 5,443 5,223

Permanent job losers............................ 4,742 4,276 4,029 4,618 4,151 4,075 4,208 4,128 3,959

Persons who completed temporary jobs...... 1,318 1,429 1,296 1,271 1,198 1,248 1,275 1,315 1,264

Job leavers............................................. 1,064 950 947 1,111 926 983 981 956 986

Reentrants............................................. 3,189 3,308 3,061 3,264 3,325 3,587 3,515 3,340 3,176

New entrants.......................................... 1,236 1,111 1,169 1,421 1,326 1,291 1,287 1,279 1,316

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 57.5 57.0 56.2 54.8 53.5 52.2 53.4 53.9 53.6

On temporary layoff................................ 10.5 11.4 11.1 8.8 9.0 8.8 9.3 8.9 9.4

Not on temporary layoff............................ 47.0 45.6 45.1 45.9 44.6 43.4 44.1 45.0 44.2

Job leavers............................................. 8.2 7.6 8.0 8.7 7.7 8.0 7.9 7.9 8.4

Reentrants............................................. 24.7 26.5 25.9 25.5 27.7 29.2 28.3 27.6 26.9

New entrants.......................................... 9.6 8.9 9.9 11.1 11.0 10.5 10.4 10.6 11.1

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 4.8 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.2 4.1

Job leavers............................................. 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Reentrants............................................. 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.0

New entrants.......................................... 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 2,270 2,440 2,067 2,596 2,596 2,676 2,766 2,667 2,464

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 3,005 3,366 3,040 2,784 2,757 2,838 3,028 2,782 2,838

15 weeks and over.................................... 7,629 6,694 6,708 7,179 6,604 6,661 6,566 6,493 6,348

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 2,244 1,903 2,051 1,877 1,820 1,895 1,858 1,695 1,737

27 weeks and over................................. 5,385 4,791 4,657 5,302 4,784 4,766 4,708 4,797 4,611

Average (mean) duration, in weeks................ 40.2 36.0 37.9 39.5 39.7 38.1 35.3 36.9 37.1

Median duration, in weeks........................... 20.5 17.1 19.0 19.7 18.9 18.0 16.0 17.8 18.1

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 17.6 19.5 17.5 20.7 21.7 22.0 22.4 22.3 21.1

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 23.3 26.9 25.7 22.2 23.1 23.3 24.5 23.3 24.4

15 weeks and over.................................... 59.1 53.6 56.8 57.2 55.2 54.7 53.1 54.4 54.5

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 17.4 15.2 17.4 14.9 15.2 15.6 15.0 14.2 14.9

27 weeks and over................................. 41.7 38.3 39.4 42.2 40.0 39.1 38.1 40.2 39.6

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Mar.

2012

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Mar.

2013

Total, 16 years and over1 ............................................. 141,412 142,698 12,904 11,815 8.4 7.6

Management, professional, and related occupations............ 53,771 54,721 2,330 2,020 4.2 3.6

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations...................................................... 22,267 22,734 1,019 836 4.4 3.5

Professional and related occupations........................... 31,503 31,986 1,311 1,184 4.0 3.6

Service occupations.................................................. 25,229 25,628 2,468 2,480 8.9 8.8

Sales and office occupations....................................... 33,250 33,042 2,908 2,701 8.0 7.6

Sales and related occupations................................... 15,241 14,902 1,341 1,246 8.1 7.7

Office and administrative support occupations................. 18,009 18,140 1,567 1,455 8.0 7.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations......................................................... 12,323 12,482 1,942 1,666 13.6 11.8

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations..................... 880 840 217 151 19.8 15.3

Construction and extraction occupations....................... 6,784 6,761 1,393 1,266 17.0 15.8

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............. 4,659 4,880 332 249 6.7 4.8

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations......................................................... 16,840 16,825 1,960 1,747 10.4 9.4

Production occupations........................................... 8,427 8,238 902 734 9.7 8.2

Transportation and material moving occupations.............. 8,414 8,587 1,058 1,013 11.2 10.5

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Mar.

2012

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Mar.

2013

Total, 16 years and over1 ................................................................ 12,904 11,815 8.4 7.6

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers................................... 10,106 9,148 8.4 7.6

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction..................................... 62 72 6.3 6.1

Construction........................................................................... 1,431 1,195 17.2 14.7

Manufacturing......................................................................... 1,164 968 7.6 6.4

Durable goods...................................................................... 684 582 7.2 6.1

Nondurable goods................................................................. 480 386 8.2 6.8

Wholesale and retail trade.......................................................... 1,763 1,500 8.6 7.5

Transportation and utilities.......................................................... 383 463 6.7 7.6

Information............................................................................ 232 145 8.0 5.2

Financial activities.................................................................... 536 414 5.7 4.3

Professional and business services................................................ 1,521 1,378 9.7 8.9

Education and health services...................................................... 1,172 1,111 5.3 5.0

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 1,395 1,467 10.9 10.8

Other services........................................................................ 447 435 6.9 6.8

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers.......................... 232 175 15.7 13.5

Government workers.................................................................... 787 786 3.7 3.6

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............. 543 537 5.5 5.6

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as

a percent of the civilian labor force.............. 4.9 4.3 4.3 4.6 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.1

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force........................................... 4.8 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.2 4.1

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate).................................................. 8.4 8.1 7.6 8.2 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.7 7.6

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

discouraged workers............................... 8.9 8.6 8.1 8.7 8.3 8.5 8.4 8.3 8.1

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers,

plus all other persons marginally attached to

the labor force, as a percent of the civilian

labor force plus all persons marginally attached

to the labor force................................... 9.7 9.6 9.0 9.6 9.2 9.4 9.3 9.2 8.9

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic reasons,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all

persons marginally attached to the labor

force.................................................. 14.8 14.9 13.9 14.5 14.4 14.4 14.4 14.3 13.8

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are

available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a

job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for

full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

Mar.

2012

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Mar.

2013

Mar.

2012

Mar.

2013

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force............................................. 88,288 90,483 35,156 36,071 53,133 54,412

Persons who currently want a job.................................. 6,041 6,399 2,873 3,044 3,168 3,354

Marginally attached to the labor force1 ........................ 2,352 2,326 1,226 1,255 1,126 1,072

Discouraged workers2 ......................................... 865 803 510 512 355 291

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3 . . .. 1,488 1,523 717 742 771 781

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4 ............................................. 7,052 7,192 3,451 3,541 3,601 3,651

Percent of total employed........................................... 5.0 5.0 4.6 4.7 5.4 5.4

Primary job full time, secondary job part time.................... 3,667 3,950 2,040 2,207 1,628 1,742

Primary and secondary jobs both part time....................... 1,992 1,835 629 589 1,364 1,246

Primary and secondary jobs both full time........................ 223 286 128 164 95 122

Hours vary on primary or secondary job.......................... 1,120 1,092 631 564 489 528

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week,

but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling

or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation

problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

Change

from:

Feb.2013 -

Mar.2013p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132,505 132,704 133,726 134,485 133,285 134,839 135,107 135,195 88

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110,157 110,977 111,521 112,205 111,344 112,981 113,235 113,330 95

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,971 18,046 18,099 18,244 18,402 18,563 18,636 18,652 16

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 836 846 852 855 852 863 868 869 1

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.2 47.8 48.3 47.1 49.8 48.9 49.9 49.7 -0.2

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 788.4 797.8 804.1 808.2 801.8 814.1 817.8 818.9 1.1

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183.6 190.6 191.1 191.4 184.8 191.9 193.1 192.5 -0.6

Mining, except oil and gas1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216.3 215.3 217.7 220.2 224.7 226.1 227.7 227.7 0.0

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.0 83.3 84.9 86.3 89.3 84.0 85.3 86.2 0.9

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388.5 391.9 395.3 396.6 392.3 396.1 397.0 398.7 1.7

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,313 5,340 5,370 5,487 5,640 5,735 5,784 5,802 18

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,181.5 1,197.0 1,197.3 1,209.8 1,234.2 1,250.6 1,256.9 1,260.2 3.3

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 546.1 545.9 545.1 551.5 573.2 574.7 575.8 578.1 2.3

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635.4 651.1 652.2 658.3 661.0 675.9 681.1 682.1 1.0

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . . 785.4 780.0 791.0 810.6 866.4 887.2 898.9 890.1 -8.8

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,346.5 3,362.9 3,382.1 3,466.8 3,539.1 3,597.2 3,628.3 3,651.6 23.3

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . 1,382.1 1,410.4 1,418.6 1,456.4 1,470.8 1,515.1 1,531.2 1,543.7 12.5

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . . 1,964.4 1,952.5 1,963.5 2,010.4 2,068.3 2,082.1 2,097.1 2,107.9 10.8

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,822 11,860 11,877 11,902 11,910 11,965 11,984 11,981 -3

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,415 7,450 7,457 7,481 7,452 7,499 7,508 7,512 4

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332.2 337.4 337.8 339.8 338.9 344.1 347.4 346.1 -1.3

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358.2 350.6 352.3 358.3 369.0 365.6 366.9 367.0 0.1

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399.9 397.4 394.9 397.5 401.2 398.6 396.9 398.9 2.0

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,393.3 1,416.5 1,421.0 1,427.2 1,402.0 1,425.7 1,430.8 1,434.2 3.4

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,093.7 1,100.0 1,101.3 1,106.9 1,096.0 1,103.4 1,104.6 1,107.6 3.0

Computer and electronic products1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,096.9 1,083.8 1,082.8 1,083.1 1,098.7 1,086.3 1,084.7 1,084.5 -0.2

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . . 157.4 159.2 159.0 159.3 157.7 159.4 159.3 159.6 0.3

Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110.6 107.8 107.6 108.1 111.0 108.0 107.9 108.2 0.3

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385.3 381.0 380.2 379.6 385.5 381.8 380.7 380.0 -0.7

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402.6 395.9 396.7 396.9 403.3 397.1 397.1 397.3 0.2

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . . 370.2 365.9 363.3 363.0 372.1 366.7 365.2 364.7 -0.5

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,446.6 1,475.4 1,478.4 1,481.4 1,443.8 1,477.3 1,480.2 1,479.5 -0.7

Motor vehicles and parts2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 769.2 786.2 788.7 793.2 765.5 787.7 789.0 789.8 0.8

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348.6 346.3 348.8 350.4 351.6 351.8 352.7 352.6 -0.1

Miscellaneous durable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 575.4 576.3 576.5 573.8 578.7 579.9 578.4 577.0 -1.4

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,407 4,410 4,420 4,421 4,458 4,466 4,476 4,469 -7

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,433.5 1,441.8 1,442.8 1,442.4 1,464.0 1,470.3 1,474.3 1,472.7 -1.6

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.8 114.3 114.3 114.2 118.9 115.3 115.0 114.4 -0.6

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115.5 116.2 115.5 114.6 116.7 117.1 116.5 115.5 -1.0

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.5 145.6 148.4 145.8 149.9 148.0 148.6 146.1 -2.5

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379.5 376.8 376.8 376.3 381.6 377.5 378.6 378.3 -0.3

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . . 462.1 453.6 453.1 454.4 464.6 457.3 457.3 456.5 -0.8

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109.7 112.7 111.9 112.6 113.0 116.7 115.6 115.7 0.1

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783.2 788.1 789.7 792.6 784.4 790.3 792.6 792.6 0.0

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 641.2 644.8 650.3 652.3 644.7 651.6 654.2 655.4 1.2

Miscellaneous nondurable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213.6 215.9 216.7 215.5 220.1 222.0 223.1 222.1 -1.0

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92,186 92,931 93,422 93,961 92,942 94,418 94,599 94,678 79

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,082 25,614 25,420 25,468 25,381 25,783 25,802 25,775 -27

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,608.0 5,679.7 5,684.4 5,700.3 5,640.8 5,729.0 5,733.7 5,732.7 -1.0

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,806.5 2,836.1 2,835.6 2,839.9 2,820.6 2,852.8 2,853.3 2,851.7 -1.6

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,942.2 1,973.6 1,974.1 1,977.4 1,957.2 1,998.0 1,997.8 1,993.9 -3.9

Electronic markets and agents and brokers.. . 859.3 870.0 874.7 883.0 863.0 878.2 882.6 887.1 4.5

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,574.4 14,944.0 14,767.0 14,786.1 14,799.1 15,026.5 15,041.1 15,017.0 -24.1

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,715.0 1,724.5 1,731.3 1,746.9 1,729.0 1,754.6 1,757.0 1,760.3 3.3

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,079.9 1,096.2 1,098.6 1,105.6 1,084.5 1,107.6 1,108.6 1,110.2 1.6

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . . 432.2 453.5 446.8 442.8 439.0 447.6 450.7 448.9 -1.8

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

Change

from:

Feb.2013 -

Mar.2013p

Retail trade - Continued

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 510.2 527.0 510.1 499.4 515.4 519.0 510.4 504.7 -5.7

Building material and garden supply stores.. . 1,166.8 1,115.1 1,131.3 1,158.6 1,171.9 1,172.5 1,175.5 1,165.4 -10.1

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,813.9 2,877.9 2,866.1 2,868.5 2,844.3 2,891.5 2,896.9 2,899.8 2.9

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 989.0 1,020.9 1,017.1 1,013.0 995.9 1,019.8 1,022.2 1,020.2 -2.0

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 827.1 832.3 834.9 836.7 839.3 845.3 848.1 848.6 0.5

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . . 1,330.4 1,464.9 1,392.1 1,375.9 1,380.8 1,454.2 1,446.8 1,431.5 -15.3

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559.9 588.5 571.6 567.5 577.7 581.8 583.1 584.6 1.5

General merchandise stores1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,031.5 3,103.0 3,029.3 3,053.9 3,077.4 3,089.9 3,094.9 3,098.3 3.4

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,477.4 1,500.4 1,447.7 1,448.1 1,511.8 1,476.3 1,478.0 1,479.9 1.9

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 766.4 788.1 796.1 786.3 785.2 805.4 809.2 807.7 -1.5

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432.0 448.3 440.3 436.6 443.2 444.9 446.3 447.0 0.7

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,347.7 4,437.2 4,413.7 4,424.9 4,387.5 4,471.6 4,469.9 4,467.1 -2.8

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459.1 443.8 442.1 444.0 459.9 446.8 445.6 445.5 -0.1

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230.2 229.1 229.4 229.5 230.8 230.8 230.8 230.1 -0.7

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.0 60.3 60.0 60.8 63.8 62.1 62.6 62.7 0.1

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,312.9 1,348.2 1,347.7 1,348.0 1,338.6 1,374.3 1,380.0 1,373.1 -6.9

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456.1 479.6 476.8 483.4 444.0 467.1 464.2 470.3 6.1

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.6 44.2 44.4 44.5 43.8 44.1 44.4 44.6 0.2

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . . 22.8 18.7 19.8 21.7 28.7 26.7 26.9 27.3 0.4

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . . 572.6 586.8 588.0 584.2 575.8 589.7 589.7 587.3 -2.4

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521.3 543.4 525.6 526.8 529.8 539.4 536.9 536.8 -0.1

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 667.1 683.1 679.9 682.0 672.3 690.6 688.8 689.4 0.6

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 552.3 553.5 554.8 556.8 553.6 555.9 557.5 558.1 0.6

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,672 2,640 2,705 2,703 2,679 2,680 2,699 2,704 5

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . 737.9 727.4 725.7 727.2 740.3 730.8 728.3 729.7 1.4

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359.1 342.4 406.9 401.7 364.1 376.5 399.0 401.3 2.3

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287.1 285.2 285.9 285.7 287.4 285.8 285.7 285.6 -0.1

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 865.6 856.9 858.3 858.9 864.3 855.5 855.5 857.3 1.8

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251.6 251.0 251.1 251.6 251.1 253.2 251.8 251.3 -0.5

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170.9 177.2 177.4 177.4 172.2 178.1 178.6 178.8 0.2

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,726 7,791 7,803 7,809 7,763 7,838 7,846 7,844 -2

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,812.3 5,866.5 5,869.0 5,867.5 5,815.5 5,873.9 5,873.4 5,871.3 -2.1

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . . 16.9 16.6 16.5 16.5 17.0 16.8 16.7 16.7 0.0

Credit intermediation and related

activities1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,569.7 2,602.4 2,601.4 2,597.3 2,569.6 2,601.8 2,599.8 2,598.4 -1.4

Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . . 1,741.5 1,740.5 1,736.2 1,734.0 1,743.3 1,739.9 1,737.6 1,736.4 -1.2

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,325.0 1,315.9 1,311.9 1,308.9 1,325.2 1,316.5 1,312.8 1,309.9 -2.9

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 811.8 818.2 822.0 822.8 812.6 820.9 822.8 823.3 0.5

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . . 2,327.3 2,342.5 2,343.3 2,344.6 2,329.5 2,347.4 2,347.7 2,346.4 -1.3

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles. . . 86.6 86.8 85.8 86.3 86.8 87.0 86.4 86.5 0.1

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,913.8 1,924.1 1,933.8 1,941.7 1,947.1 1,964.2 1,972.6 1,973.0 0.4

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,392.3 1,402.5 1,408.1 1,411.2 1,414.2 1,427.0 1,431.4 1,431.6 0.2

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497.2 498.3 502.4 507.1 508.4 513.7 517.7 517.9 0.2

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . . 24.3 23.3 23.3 23.4 24.5 23.5 23.5 23.5 0.0

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,601 17,841 18,024 18,157 17,796 18,198 18,278 18,329 51

Professional and technical services1

. . . . . . . . . . . 7,883.1 8,013.9 8,106.4 8,118.6 7,818.9 8,000.3 8,027.9 8,052.5 24.6

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,112.5 1,117.8 1,117.9 1,121.6 1,117.9 1,125.6 1,124.9 1,126.9 2.0

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . . 1,022.3 999.5 1,059.8 1,052.0 905.4 909.1 921.9 932.6 10.7

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . 1,298.2 1,316.3 1,321.6 1,325.2 1,315.4 1,337.1 1,340.4 1,342.5 2.1

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,587.8 1,656.3 1,669.6 1,666.3 1,596.6 1,664.6 1,671.8 1,675.7 3.9

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,093.8 1,139.6 1,150.1 1,156.7 1,103.9 1,154.6 1,159.9 1,166.1 6.2

Management of companies and enterprises. . . . 1,993.5 2,019.6 2,016.6 2,023.4 1,999.2 2,026.0 2,028.5 2,029.9 1.4

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,724.8 7,807.6 7,900.8 8,015.3 7,977.7 8,171.3 8,221.1 8,246.6 25.5

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

Change

from:

Feb.2013 -

Mar.2013p

Administrative and waste services - Continued

Administrative and support services1. . . . . . . . 7,361.5 7,436.2 7,532.2 7,645.2 7,606.1 7,793.9 7,844.1 7,868.6 24.5

Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,999.4 3,068.9 3,124.4 3,179.4 3,107.9 3,231.1 3,257.6 3,272.8 15.2

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,373.7 2,442.5 2,479.4 2,534.5 2,465.7 2,580.8 2,604.2 2,624.5 20.3

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 822.9 833.5 840.1 836.0 821.6 832.7 835.4 835.2 -0.2

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . . 1,710.9 1,679.6 1,698.9 1,746.2 1,834.1 1,848.6 1,860.3 1,866.7 6.4

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363.3 371.4 368.6 370.1 371.6 377.4 377.0 378.0 1.0

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,377 20,375 20,657 20,739 20,221 20,511 20,542 20,586 44

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,503.9 3,248.8 3,482.3 3,510.5 3,342.3 3,343.9 3,337.7 3,353.8 16.1

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,873.0 17,125.8 17,175.1 17,228.9 16,878.8 17,167.4 17,204.3 17,232.2 27.9

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,196.1 14,421.2 14,452.0 14,491.7 14,221.3 14,462.9 14,493.2 14,516.6 23.4

Ambulatory health care services1

. . . . . . . . . 6,244.1 6,419.5 6,436.1 6,456.9 6,258.3 6,443.1 6,454.5 6,469.8 15.3

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,369.4 2,416.6 2,415.9 2,418.7 2,373.2 2,420.8 2,422.7 2,423.7 1.0

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 640.4 671.8 675.2 678.3 640.6 673.2 675.0 678.2 3.2

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,173.4 1,240.0 1,249.6 1,257.8 1,176.7 1,245.8 1,252.3 1,259.1 6.8

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,773.0 4,812.7 4,821.9 4,834.3 4,776.2 4,819.0 4,829.7 4,837.6 7.9

Nursing and residential care facilities1

. . . . 3,179.0 3,189.0 3,194.0 3,200.5 3,186.8 3,200.8 3,209.0 3,209.2 0.2

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,663.8 1,656.6 1,656.1 1,660.9 1,668.5 1,660.9 1,665.3 1,665.0 -0.3

Social assistance1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,676.9 2,704.6 2,723.1 2,737.2 2,657.5 2,704.5 2,711.1 2,715.6 4.5

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 873.1 866.0 874.4 879.4 854.0 857.9 859.4 859.9 0.5

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,334 13,264 13,389 13,645 13,684 13,932 13,958 13,975 17

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,828.0 1,760.2 1,786.0 1,855.1 1,976.3 1,990.2 1,994.1 1,999.7 5.6

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . . 388.0 369.6 386.1 400.6 410.0 415.3 418.6 420.9 2.3

Museums, historical sites, and similar

institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.8 125.0 125.9 128.9 137.4 137.3 137.8 137.4 -0.4

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . . 1,311.2 1,265.6 1,274.0 1,325.6 1,428.9 1,437.6 1,437.7 1,441.4 3.7

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,505.8 11,503.4 11,603.4 11,789.5 11,708.0 11,941.3 11,963.5 11,975.7 12.2

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,751.0 1,724.3 1,735.4 1,758.7 1,817.4 1,821.6 1,824.4 1,823.6 -0.8

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . . 9,754.8 9,779.1 9,868.0 10,030.8 9,890.6 10,119.7 10,139.1 10,152.1 13.0

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,394 5,406 5,424 5,440 5,418 5,476 5,474 5,465 -9

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,183.7 1,185.1 1,191.1 1,194.8 1,185.7 1,200.8 1,200.5 1,196.6 -3.9

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,299.4 1,312.8 1,312.2 1,319.7 1,305.9 1,332.0 1,328.3 1,327.0 -1.3

Membership associations and organizations. . . . 2,911.1 2,907.8 2,920.6 2,925.8 2,926.7 2,943.1 2,945.2 2,941.7 -3.5

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,348 21,727 22,205 22,280 21,941 21,858 21,872 21,865 -7

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,815.0 2,771.0 2,775.0 2,766.0 2,830.0 2,794.0 2,796.0 2,782.0 -14.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,201.2 2,169.8 2,170.0 2,177.5 2,213.0 2,192.5 2,190.6 2,188.4 -2.2

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613.6 600.7 605.3 588.8 617.1 601.4 605.7 594.0 -11.7

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,199.0 4,921.0 5,166.0 5,194.0 5,059.0 5,028.0 5,041.0 5,050.0 9.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,532.3 2,265.9 2,519.2 2,543.2 2,383.9 2,364.0 2,382.9 2,391.3 8.4

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 2,666.9 2,654.7 2,647.2 2,651.1 2,675.3 2,664.0 2,658.5 2,658.3 -0.2

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,334.0 14,035.0 14,264.0 14,320.0 14,052.0 14,036.0 14,035.0 14,033.0 -2.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,165.3 7,883.5 8,108.3 8,144.9 7,785.3 7,765.0 7,763.1 7,761.1 -2.0

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 6,169.1 6,151.5 6,155.7 6,175.4 6,266.7 6,271.1 6,271.5 6,272.2 0.7

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 34.5 34.4 34.5 34.6

Goods-producing..................................................................... 40.2 40.2 40.5 40.4

Mining and logging................................................................ 44.0 42.9 43.3 43.1

Construction........................................................................ 38.6 38.9 39.2 39.0

Manufacturing...................................................................... 40.7 40.7 40.9 40.8

Durable goods................................................................... 41.1 41.0 41.2 41.2

Nondurable goods............................................................... 40.1 40.1 40.3 40.3

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.4 33.3 33.4 33.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 34.7 34.4 34.6 34.7

Wholesale trade................................................................. 38.7 38.6 38.7 38.7

Retail trade....................................................................... 31.9 31.3 31.6 31.7

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 38.3 38.5 38.6 38.7

Utilities............................................................................ 41.4 42.2 42.7 42.7

Information.......................................................................... 36.6 36.4 36.3 36.3

Financial activities................................................................. 37.2 37.0 37.2 37.2

Professional and business services............................................. 35.9 36.0 36.1 36.1

Education and health services................................................... 32.9 32.9 32.9 32.9

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 26.1 26.1 26.1 26.2

Other services...................................................................... 31.8 31.4 31.7 31.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 3.3 3.4 3.3 3.4

Durable goods........................................................................ 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.5

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

Total private................................................. $23.40 $23.78 $23.81 $23.82 $ 807.30 $ 818.03 $ 821.45 $ 824.17

Goods-producing........................................ 24.64 24.88 24.94 24.96 990.53 1,000.18 1,010.07 1,008.38

Mining and logging................................... 28.70 28.99 28.82 28.96 1,262.80 1,243.67 1,247.91 1,248.18

Construction........................................... 25.64 26.00 26.01 26.01 989.70 1,011.40 1,019.59 1,014.39

Manufacturing......................................... 23.88 24.05 24.15 24.17 971.92 978.84 987.74 986.14

Durable goods...................................... 25.26 25.45 25.53 25.55 1,038.19 1,043.45 1,051.84 1,052.66

Nondurable goods................................. 21.50 21.65 21.80 21.81 862.15 868.17 878.54 878.94

Private service-providing............................... 23.10 23.51 23.54 23.55 771.54 782.88 786.24 786.57

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 20.30 20.78 20.76 20.82 704.41 714.83 718.30 722.45

Wholesale trade.................................... 26.67 27.31 27.32 27.49 1,032.13 1,054.17 1,057.28 1,063.86

Retail trade.......................................... 16.11 16.52 16.53 16.57 513.91 517.08 522.35 525.27

Transportation and warehousing................. 21.96 22.08 22.02 22.04 841.07 850.08 849.97 852.95

Utilities............................................... 33.76 35.03 35.06 34.95 1,397.66 1,478.27 1,497.06 1,492.37

Information............................................. 31.66 32.39 32.35 32.50 1,158.76 1,179.00 1,174.31 1,179.75

Financial activities.................................... 28.88 29.91 29.94 30.00 1,074.34 1,106.67 1,113.77 1,116.00

Professional and business services................ 28.03 28.36 28.32 28.42 1,006.28 1,020.96 1,022.35 1,025.96

Education and health services...................... 24.17 24.44 24.58 24.45 795.19 804.08 808.68 804.41

Leisure and hospitality............................... 13.35 13.38 13.39 13.39 348.44 349.22 349.48 350.82

Other services......................................... 20.70 21.13 21.20 21.12 658.26 663.48 672.04 671.62

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

Percent

change

from:

Feb.

2013 -

Mar.

2013p

Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

Percent

change

from:

Feb.

2013 -

Mar.

2013p

Total private....................................... 96.2 97.4 97.9 98.2 0.3 107.4 110.4 111.1 111.6 0.5

Goods-producing............................... 84.3 85.0 86.0 85.9 -0.1 93.9 95.6 96.9 96.9 0.0

Mining and logging.......................... 117.8 116.3 118.1 117.7 -0.3 135.7 135.4 136.7 136.8 0.1

Construction.................................. 75.0 76.9 78.2 78.0 -0.3 83.6 86.9 88.3 88.2 -0.1

Manufacturing................................ 87.2 87.6 88.2 87.9 -0.3 96.8 98.0 99.0 98.8 -0.2

Durable goods............................ 86.2 86.6 87.1 87.1 0.0 96.7 97.8 98.7 98.9 0.2

Nondurable goods........................ 89.2 89.4 90.0 89.9 -0.1 97.3 98.2 99.6 99.5 -0.1

Private service-providing...................... 99.6 100.9 101.4 101.5 0.1 111.5 114.9 115.6 115.8 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 95.8 96.5 97.1 97.3 0.2 104.7 107.9 108.5 109.0 0.5

Wholesale trade........................... 95.2 96.5 96.8 96.8 0.0 106.0 110.0 110.4 111.0 0.5

Retail trade................................ 95.9 95.5 96.5 96.7 0.2 102.1 104.3 105.5 105.9 0.4

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 96.2 98.5 98.7 98.9 0.2 107.2 110.4 110.3 110.7 0.4

Utilities..................................... 99.2 101.5 103.0 103.1 0.1 110.6 117.5 119.3 119.1 -0.2

Information................................... 89.5 89.1 89.5 89.6 0.1 100.9 102.7 103.1 103.7 0.6

Financial activities........................... 94.6 95.0 95.6 95.6 0.0 106.5 110.8 111.6 111.8 0.2

Professional and business services....... 100.5 103.0 103.8 104.1 0.3 114.1 118.4 119.1 119.8 0.6

Education and health services............. 108.3 109.9 110.0 110.3 0.3 122.6 125.8 126.7 126.3 -0.3

Leisure and hospitality...................... 101.9 103.8 103.9 104.5 0.6 109.8 112.0 112.3 112.9 0.5

Other services............................... 95.5 95.3 96.1 96.3 0.2 112.1 114.2 115.7 115.4 -0.3

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

Total nonfarm............................................... 65,740 66,557 66,652 66,677 49.3 49.4 49.3 49.3

Total private.............................................. 53,223 54,093 54,175 54,204 47.8 47.9 47.8 47.8

Goods-producing...................................... 4,080 4,102 4,105 4,097 22.2 22.1 22.0 22.0

Mining and logging................................. 112 116 116 117 13.1 13.4 13.4 13.5

Construction........................................ 718 733 734 737 12.7 12.8 12.7 12.7

Manufacturing....................................... 3,250 3,253 3,255 3,243 27.3 27.2 27.2 27.1

Durable goods................................... 1,727 1,733 1,732 1,729 23.2 23.1 23.1 23.0

Nondurable goods............................... 1,523 1,520 1,523 1,514 34.2 34.0 34.0 33.9

Private service-providing............................. 49,143 49,991 50,070 50,107 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities............... 10,194 10,419 10,426 10,431 40.2 40.4 40.4 40.5

Wholesale trade................................. 1,696.7 1,704.9 1,703.9 1,694.7 30.1 29.8 29.7 29.6

Retail trade....................................... 7,340.3 7,529.7 7,544.8 7,554.3 49.6 50.1 50.2 50.3

Transportation and warehousing.............. 1,020.1 1,045.5 1,038.0 1,043.7 23.3 23.4 23.2 23.4

Utilities............................................ 137.2 138.4 139.2 138.4 24.8 24.9 25.0 24.8

Information.......................................... 1,080 1,074 1,074 1,074 40.3 40.1 39.8 39.7

Financial activities.................................. 4,511 4,536 4,535 4,531 58.1 57.9 57.8 57.8

Professional and business services............. 7,870 8,076 8,106 8,117 44.2 44.4 44.3 44.3

Education and health services................... 15,505 15,748 15,772 15,800 76.7 76.8 76.8 76.8

Leisure and hospitality............................. 7,144 7,258 7,278 7,281 52.2 52.1 52.1 52.1

Other services...................................... 2,839 2,880 2,879 2,873 52.4 52.6 52.6 52.6

Government.............................................. 12,517 12,464 12,477 12,473 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

Total private................................................................................ 91,989 93,350 93,555 93,609

Goods-producing........................................................................ 13,314 13,383 13,432 13,438

Mining and logging................................................................... 644 638 645 643

Construction........................................................................... 4,272 4,335 4,370 4,393

Manufacturing......................................................................... 8,398 8,410 8,417 8,402

Durable goods...................................................................... 5,143 5,164 5,166 5,159

Nondurable goods................................................................. 3,255 3,246 3,251 3,243

Private service-providing............................................................... 78,675 79,967 80,123 80,171

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................................................. 21,534 21,838 21,848 21,811

Wholesale trade.................................................................... 4,539.1 4,613.8 4,616.0 4,614.4

Retail trade......................................................................... 12,767.9 12,907.4 12,920.9 12,885.4

Transportation and warehousing................................................. 3,785.6 3,869.6 3,862.6 3,863.4

Utilities............................................................................... 441.2 446.9 448.3 448.1

Information............................................................................ 2,161 2,169 2,185 2,191

Financial activities.................................................................... 5,959 6,032 6,033 6,029

Professional and business services................................................ 14,663 15,061 15,139 15,184

Education and health services...................................................... 17,737 17,988 18,014 18,043

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 12,083 12,301 12,332 12,353

Other services........................................................................ 4,538 4,578 4,572 4,560

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 33.7 33.6 33.8 33.8

Goods-producing..................................................................... 41.1 41.1 41.3 41.3

Mining and logging................................................................ 47.2 44.3 45.6 45.5

Construction........................................................................ 39.3 39.4 39.6 39.7

Manufacturing...................................................................... 41.6 41.7 41.9 41.8

Durable goods................................................................... 42.0 42.0 42.3 42.3

Nondurable goods............................................................... 41.0 41.2 41.2 41.2

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.5 32.4 32.5 32.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 33.8 33.6 33.8 33.9

Wholesale trade................................................................. 38.6 38.7 38.9 38.8

Retail trade....................................................................... 30.7 30.1 30.2 30.4

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 37.8 38.2 38.5 38.9

Utilities............................................................................ 40.4 41.1 42.4 42.3

Information.......................................................................... 36.0 35.7 35.6 35.6

Financial activities................................................................. 36.6 36.6 36.7 36.7

Professional and business services............................................. 35.2 35.2 35.4 35.4

Education and health services................................................... 32.4 32.3 32.4 32.3

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.1

Other services...................................................................... 30.8 30.6 30.8 30.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.4

Durable goods........................................................................ 4.4 4.2 4.3 4.4

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 4.0 4.3 4.3 4.4

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

Total private................................................. $19.68 $19.98 $20.04 $20.03 $ 663.22 $ 671.33 $ 677.35 $ 677.01

Goods-producing........................................ 20.88 21.09 21.15 21.17 858.17 866.80 873.50 874.32

Mining and logging................................... 25.58 26.23 26.23 26.25 1,207.38 1,161.99 1,196.09 1,194.38

Construction........................................... 23.91 24.20 24.22 24.25 939.66 953.48 959.11 962.73

Manufacturing......................................... 19.02 19.16 19.22 19.23 791.23 798.97 805.32 803.81

Durable goods...................................... 20.12 20.21 20.21 20.24 845.04 848.82 854.88 856.15

Nondurable goods................................. 17.24 17.46 17.61 17.56 706.84 719.35 725.53 723.47

Private service-providing............................... 19.42 19.74 19.80 19.79 631.15 639.58 643.50 645.15

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 17.37 17.57 17.60 17.60 587.11 590.35 594.88 596.64

Wholesale trade.................................... 22.14 22.35 22.39 22.45 854.60 864.95 870.97 871.06

Retail trade.......................................... 13.79 13.93 13.93 13.96 423.35 419.29 420.69 424.38

Transportation and warehousing................. 19.60 19.53 19.57 19.48 740.88 746.05 753.45 757.77

Utilities............................................... 31.15 32.21 32.19 32.16 1,258.46 1,323.83 1,364.86 1,360.37

Information............................................. 26.83 27.78 27.75 27.69 965.88 991.75 987.90 985.76

Financial activities.................................... 22.50 23.46 23.59 23.68 823.50 858.64 865.75 869.06

Professional and business services................ 23.23 23.56 23.58 23.61 817.70 829.31 834.73 835.79

Education and health services...................... 21.02 21.27 21.35 21.30 681.05 687.02 691.74 687.99

Leisure and hospitality............................... 11.60 11.65 11.71 11.71 290.00 291.25 292.75 293.92

Other services......................................... 17.50 17.79 17.87 17.80 539.00 544.37 550.40 546.46

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

Percent

change

from:

Feb.

2013 -

Mar.

2013p

Mar.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013p

Mar.

2013p

Percent

change

from:

Feb.

2013 -

Mar.

2013p

Total private....................................... 103.5 104.7 105.5 105.6 0.1 136.0 139.7 141.2 141.3 0.1

Goods-producing............................... 83.6 84.1 84.8 84.8 0.0 106.9 108.6 109.8 109.9 0.1

Mining and logging.......................... 161.5 150.2 156.3 155.5 -0.5 240.3 229.1 238.4 237.4 -0.4

Construction.................................. 84.1 85.5 86.6 87.3 0.8 108.5 111.8 113.3 114.3 0.9

Manufacturing................................ 80.2 80.5 81.0 80.6 -0.5 99.8 100.9 101.8 101.4 -0.4

Durable goods............................ 81.2 81.5 82.1 82.0 -0.1 102.0 102.8 103.6 103.6 0.0

Nondurable goods........................ 78.6 78.8 78.9 78.7 -0.3 95.8 97.2 98.2 97.7 -0.5

Private service-providing...................... 109.1 110.6 111.1 111.6 0.5 145.2 149.6 150.8 151.3 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 101.5 102.3 102.9 103.1 0.2 125.7 128.2 129.3 129.4 0.1

Wholesale trade........................... 103.2 105.2 105.7 105.4 -0.3 134.6 138.4 139.5 139.4 -0.1

Retail trade................................ 99.2 98.3 98.8 99.2 0.4 117.3 117.4 117.9 118.6 0.6

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 107.7 111.3 111.9 113.1 1.1 133.9 137.9 139.0 139.8 0.6

Utilities..................................... 91.2 93.9 97.2 96.9 -0.3 118.5 126.3 130.6 130.1 -0.4

Information................................... 88.8 88.4 88.8 89.0 0.2 117.9 121.5 122.0 122.0 0.0

Financial activities........................... 102.7 103.9 104.2 104.2 0.0 142.1 150.0 151.3 151.7 0.3

Professional and business services....... 115.7 118.8 120.1 120.5 0.3 159.9 166.6 168.5 169.3 0.5

Education and health services............. 124.0 125.3 125.9 125.7 -0.2 171.3 175.3 176.7 176.0 -0.4

Leisure and hospitality...................... 110.6 112.6 112.9 113.6 0.6 145.8 149.0 150.2 151.0 0.5

Other services............................... 98.0 98.2 98.8 98.2 -0.6 125.0 127.3 128.6 127.3 -1.0

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary