For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, March 11, 2014 USDL-14-0389 

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JANUARY 2014 

There were 4.0 million job openings on the last business day of January, little changed from December, 

the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The hires rate (3.3 percent) and separations rate (3.2

percent) were little changed in January. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job 

openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by geographic region. The 

release also includes 2013 annual estimates for hires and separations. The annual levels for hires and 

quits increased in 2013 while the annual total for layoffs and discharges decreased. 

Job Openings 

There were 4.0 million job openings in January, little changed from December. The number of openings 

also was little changed in total private and government. The number of job openings decreased in retail 

trade; the number increased in health care and social assistance and in arts, entertainment, and 

recreation. The West region experienced a rise in job openings in January. (See table 1.) 

 1.0

 1.2

 1.4

 1.6

 1.8

 2.0

 2.2

 2.4

 2.6

 2.8

 3.0

 3.2

 3.4

 3.6

Percent

2012 2014

Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted, February 2011 - January 2014

2013

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.4

3.6

3.8

4.0

Hires

Separations

Percent

2012 2014

Chart 2. Hires and separations rates, seasonally adjusted, February 2011 - January 2014

2013

Revisions to the JOLTS Data

Job openings, hires, and separations data have been revised from December 2000 forward to 

incorporate annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) seasonal adjustment factors. In addition, durable 

goods manufacturing and nondurable goods manufacturing data are now available on a seasonally 

adjusted basis. See page 5 for more information on the revisions.
- 2 - 

The number of job openings (not seasonally adjusted) increased over the year for total nonfarm and total 

private but decreased for government. Over the year, the number of job openings increased in several 

industries while it decreased in real estate and rental and leasing and in federal government. The 

Midwest and West regions experienced an increase in the number of job openings over the 12 months 

ending in January. (See table 7.) 

Hires 

There were 4.5 million hires in January, little changed from December. The number of hires was 

essentially unchanged for total private and government. The number of hires fell in January in retail 

trade and in the Midwest. (See table 2.) 

Over the 12 months ending in January, the number of hires (not seasonally adjusted) changed little for 

total nonfarm, total private, and government. Hires levels rose over the year in professional and business 

services and in educational services. The number of hires was little changed in all four regions. (See 

table 8.) 

Separations 

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 

referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 

the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 

discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations include separations 

due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm. 

There were 4.5 million total separations in January, little changed from December. The number of total 

separations was essentially unchanged for total private and government. (See table 3.) 

In January, the quits rate was little changed at 1.7 percent for total nonfarm. The rate was little changed 

for total private (1.9 percent) and unchanged for government (0.6 percent). The quits rate was essentially 

unchanged over the month in all industries and in all four regions. (See table 4.) 

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the 12 months ending in January 

for total nonfarm, total private, and government. The number of quits rose over the year in retail trade 

and professional and business services but fell in finance and insurance. The number of quits was 

essentially unchanged in all four regions over the year. (See table 10.) 

The layoffs and discharges rate was little changed in January at 1.3 percent. The rate was unchanged 

over the month for total private (1.4 percent) and government (0.5 percent). The layoffs and discharges 

rate was little changed in all four regions. Seasonally adjusted estimates of layoffs and discharges are 

not available for individual industries. (See table 5.) 

The layoffs and discharges level (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the 12 months ending 

in January for total nonfarm, total private, and government. The number of layoffs and discharges rose 

over the year for several industries but fell in mining and logging. The number of layoffs and discharges 

rose in the Midwest. (See table 11.) 

In January, there were 341,000 other separations for total nonfarm, little changed from December. The 

number of other separations also was little changed over the month for total private and government.
- 3 - 

(See table 6.) Seasonally adjusted estimates of other separations are not available for individual 

industries or regions. Over the 12 months ending in January, the number of other separations was little 

changed for total nonfarm, total private, and government. (See table 12.) 

Net Change in Employment 

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 

employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 

hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 

Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 

if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in January 2014, hires totaled 54.3

million and separations totaled 52.1 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.2 million. These 

figures include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year. 

Annual Levels and Rates 

This release contains the 2013 annual levels and rates for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and 

discharges, and other separations. Note that annual figures for job openings are not calculated because 

job openings are measured on a stock, or point-in-time, basis rather than on a flow basis over a specified 

time period. The annual figures and additional tables are published with the release of January data each 

year. (See the Technical Note for additional information on these measures.) 

Calculating annual levels and rates allows additional comparisons across years. In 2013, annual levels 

for hires, quits, and other separations rose for the fourth consecutive year. The layoffs and discharges 

annual level decreased in 2013 after holding steady in 2012. 

In 2013, annual hires increased to 54.2 million (39.7 percent of employment) and annual total 

separations rose to 51.8 million (38.0 percent of employment). Annual quits increased to 27.6 million 

(20.3 percent of employment) in 2013. Annual layoffs and discharges decreased in 2013 to 20.0 million 

(14.6 percent of employment). Annual other separations rose in 2013 to 4.3 million (3.1 percent of 

employment). (See tables 13 through 22.) 

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for February 2014 are scheduled to be 

released on Tuesday, April 8, 2014 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT). 
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY

(in thousands)

Total................................................... 3,693 3,914 3,974 4,389 4,578 4,535 4,262 4,468 4,452

Total private1...................................... 3,272 3,552 3,605 4,112 4,291 4,255 3,964 4,170 4,142

Construction.................................... 113 124 156 331 251 285 327 287 248

Manufacturing.................................. 264 288 270 234 253 246 221 247 230

Durable goods............................... 172 177 173 144 146 137 136 145 121

Nondurable goods........................... 92 111 97 90 107 109 85 102 109

Trade, transportation, and utilities2.......... 705 763 711 887 1,003 934 870 927 951

Retail trade................................... 434 474 377 602 734 625 588 671 649

Professional and business services......... 662 680 656 865 980 996 825 952 977

Education and health services3.............. 591 624 689 522 539 546 520 517 565

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 535 552 616 459 461 466 450 442 471

Leisure and hospitality........................ 452 524 633 789 795 795 750 771 759

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 54 43 99 126 126 118 120 116 112

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 397 481 534 663 668 677 629 655 647

Government4

...................................... 421 361 369 277 287 280 297 297 310

State and local................................. 340 311 321 243 259 253 256 265 267

RATES BY INDUSTRY

(percent)

Total................................................... 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.2

Total private1

...................................... 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.6

Construction.................................... 1.9 2.1 2.6 5.8 4.3 4.8 5.7 4.9 4.2

Manufacturing.................................. 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.8 2.1 1.9

Durable goods............................... 2.2 2.3 2.2 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.6

Nondurable goods........................... 2.0 2.4 2.1 2.0 2.4 2.4 1.9 2.3 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities2

.......... 2.7 2.8 2.6 3.5 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.6

Retail trade................................... 2.8 3.0 2.4 4.0 4.8 4.1 3.9 4.4 4.3

Professional and business services......... 3.5 3.5 3.4 4.7 5.2 5.3 4.5 5.1 5.2

Education and health services3

.............. 2.7 2.9 3.1 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.7

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 3.0 3.0 3.3 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.6

Leisure and hospitality........................ 3.1 3.5 4.2 5.6 5.5 5.5 5.3 5.3 5.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 2.6 2.0 4.5 6.3 6.1 5.7 6.0 5.6 5.4

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 3.2 3.7 4.1 5.5 5.4 5.5 5.2 5.3 5.2

Government4...................................... 1.9 1.6 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4

State and local................................. 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4

1

Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

2

Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

3

Includes educational services, not shown separately.

4

Includes federal government, not shown separately.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS

seasonal adjustment factors.

- 4 - 
- 5 - 

Revisions to Job Openings and Labor Turnover Data 

In accordance with annual practice, the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) data have 

been revised to reflect annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics (CES), or establishment 

survey, employment estimates. The JOLTS employment levels (not published) are ratio-adjusted to the 

CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements. In most years, 

this annual benchmark process would result in the revision of 21 months of not seasonally adjusted data. 

However, this year the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (the sampling frame for both 

JOLTS and CES) reclassified some home services for the elderly and people with disabilities from 

NAICS 814110 (out of scope for JOLTS and CES) to NAICS 624120 (in scope for JOLTS and CES). 

This reclassification, though not large, required a retabulation of the full JOLTS series from December 

2000 forward. Additionally, new seasonal factors have been developed based on the full revised JOLTS 

series and have been applied to the data from December 2000 forward. (For more information on this 

year’s CES benchmark and the reclassification of jobs, see http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesbmart.pdf.) 

Tables B through G below present revised total nonfarm data for January through December 2013. The 

December 2013 revisions also reflect the routine incorporation of additional sample receipts into the 

final December estimates. Tables presenting revisions to total nonfarm data for December 2000 through 

2012 will be available later today on the JOLTS website. The website also contains all revised 

seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data. The revision tables and data can be accessed 

through the JOLTS homepage at http://www.bls.gov/jlt/. 
- 6 - 

Table B. Revisions in job openings data, seasonally adjusted

Levels (in thousands) Rates

A s

previously

 published

As revised Difference

A s

previously

 published

As revised Difference

2013

January............................ 3,611 3,693 82 2.6 2.7 0.1

February........................... 3,899 4,015 116 2.8 2.9 . 1

March...............................3,875 3,879 4 2.8 2.8 . 0

April.................................3,800 3,824 24 2.7 2.7 . 0

May................................. 3,907 3,879 -28 2.8 2.8 . 0

June................................ 3,869 3,971 102 2.8 2.8 . 0

July..................................3,808 3,816 8 2.7 2.7 . 0

August............................. 3,844 3,925 81 2.7 2.8 . 1

September.........................3,883 3,948 65 2.8 2.8 . 0

October............................ 3,931 3,996 65 2.8 2.8 . 0

November.......................... 4,033 4,126 93 2.9 2.9 . 0

December......................... 3,990 3,914 -76 2.8 2.8 . 0

Year and month

Table C. Revisions in hires data, seasonally adjusted

Levels (in thousands) Rates

A s

previously

 published

As revised Difference

A s

previously

 published

As revised Difference

2013

January............................ 4,298 4,389 91 3.2 3.2 0.0

February........................... 4,451 4,551 100 3.3 3.4 . 1

March...............................4,227 4,301 74 3.1 3.2 . 1

April.................................4,395 4,457 62 3.2 3.3 . 1

May................................. 4,490 4,541 51 3.3 3.3 . 0

June................................ 4,318 4,418 100 3.2 3.2 . 0

July..................................4,497 4,525 28 3.3 3.3 . 0

August............................. 4,559 4,592 33 3.3 3.4 . 1

September.........................4,632 4,701 69 3.4 3.4 . 0

October............................ 4,484 4,512 28 3.3 3.3 . 0

November.......................... 4,529 4,574 45 3.3 3.3 . 0

December......................... 4,437 4,578 141 3.2 3.3 . 1

Year and month
- 7 - 

Table D. Revisions in total separations data, seasonally adjusted

Levels (in thousands) Rates

A s

previously

 published

As revised Difference

A s

previously

 published

As revised Difference

2013

January............................ 4,173 4,262 89 3.1 3.2 0.1

February........................... 4,180 4,212 32 3.1 3.1 . 0

March...............................4,123 4,186 63 3.0 3.1 . 1

April.................................4,287 4,276 -11 3.2 3.1 -.1

May................................. 4,381 4,401 20 3.2 3.2 . 0

June................................ 4,228 4,236 8 3.1 3.1 . 0

July..................................4,273 4,313 40 3.1 3.2 . 1

August............................. 4,405 4,417 12 3.2 3.2 . 0

September.........................4,477 4,500 23 3.3 3.3 . 0

October............................ 4,205 4,305 100 3.1 3.1 . 0

November.......................... 4,278 4,316 38 3.1 3.1 . 0

December......................... 4,370 4,468 98 3.2 3.3 . 1

Year and month

Table E. Revisions in quits data, seasonally adjusted

Levels (in thousands) Rates

A s

previously

 published

As revised Difference

A s

previously

 published

As revised Difference

2013 

January............................ 2,260 2,301 41 1.7 1.7 0.0

February........................... 2,286 2,268 -18 1.7 1.7 . 0

March...............................2,099 2,103 4 1.6 1.6 . 0

April.................................2,185 2,238 53 1.6 1.6 . 0

May................................. 2,233 2,198 -35 1.6 1.6 . 0

June................................ 2,205 2,199 -6 1.6 1.6 . 0

July..................................2,342 2,305 -37 1.7 1.7 . 0

August............................. 2,364 2,346 -18 1.7 1.7 . 0

September.........................2,327 2,381 54 1.7 1.7 . 0

October............................ 2,382 2,426 44 1.7 1.8 . 1

November.......................... 2,414 2,448 34 1.8 1.8 . 0

December......................... 2,373 2,417 44 1.7 1.8 . 1

Year and month
- 8 - 

Table F. Revisions in layoffs and discharges data, seasonally adjusted

Levels (in thousands) Rates

A s

previously

 published

As revised Difference

A s

previously

 published

As revised Difference

2013 

January............................ 1,520 1,578 58 1.1 1.2 0.1

February........................... 1,572 1,618 46 1.2 1.2 . 0

March...............................1,686 1,755 69 1.2 1.3 . 1

April.................................1,741 1,700 -41 1.3 1.3 . 0

May................................. 1,752 1,783 31 1.3 1.3 . 0

June................................ 1,602 1,662 60 1.2 1.2 . 0

July..................................1,589 1,666 77 1.2 1.2 . 0

August............................. 1,676 1,701 25 1.2 1.2 . 0

September.........................1,756 1,783 27 1.3 1.3 . 0

October............................ 1,504 1,547 43 1.1 1.1 . 0

November.......................... 1,499 1,511 12 1.1 1.1 . 0

December......................... 1,608 1,702 94 1.2 1.2 . 0

Year and month

Table G. Revisions in other separations data, seasonally adjusted

Levels (in thousands) Rates

A s

previously

 published

As revised Difference

A s

previously

 published

As revised Difference

2013 

January............................ 393 383 -10 0.3 0.3 0.0

February........................... 323 326 3 0.2 0.2 . 0

March............................... 338 328 -10 0.3 0.2 -.1

April................................. 360 338 -22 0.3 0.2 -.1

May................................. 396 420 24 0.3 0.3 . 0

June................................ 420 375 -45 0.3 0.3 . 0

July.................................. 342 341 -1 0.3 0.3 . 0

August............................. 365 370 5 0.3 0.3 . 0

September......................... 394 336 -58 0.3 0.2 -.1

October............................ 319 332 13 0.2 0.2 . 0

November.......................... 365 356 -9 0.3 0.3 . 0

December......................... 390 349 -41 0.3 0.3 . 0

Year and month
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects and compiles 

JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm 

establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS 

concepts and methodology is available online at 

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf. 

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as federal, state, and local government 

entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Data 

are collected for total employment, job openings, hires, 

quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total 

separations. 

Concepts

Industry classification. The industry classifications in 

this release are in accordance with the 2012 version of the 

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). 

Employment. Employment includes persons on the 

payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period 

that includes the 12th day of the reference month. Fulltime, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, 

and hourly employees are included, as are employees on 

paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners 

of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or 

persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire 

pay period, are not counted as employed. Employees of 

temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, 

outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where they 

are working. 

Job openings. Job openings information is collected for 

the last business day of the reference month. A job 

opening requires that: 1) a specific position exists and 

there is work available for that position, 2) work could 

start within 30 days whether or not the employer found a 

suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively 

recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the 

position. Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, 

short-term, and seasonal openings. Active recruiting 

means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a 

position by advertising in newspapers or on the Internet, 

posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or 

using other similar methods. 

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, 

demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also 

excluded are jobs with start dates more than 30 days in 

the future, jobs for which employees have been hired but 

have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled by 

employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing 

companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job 

openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job 

openings by the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Hires. The hires level is the total number of additions to 

the payroll occurring at any time during the reference 

month, including both new and rehired employees, fulltime and part-time, permanent, short-term and seasonal 

employees, employees recalled to the location after a 

layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent 

employees who returned to work after having been 

formally separated, and transfers from other locations. 

The hires count does not include transfers or promotions 

within the reporting site, employees returning from strike, 

employees of temporary help agencies or employee 

leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. 

The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of 

hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by 

100.

Separations. The separations level is the total number of 

employment terminations occurring at any time during the 

reference month, and is reported by type of separation—

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. 

(Some respondents are only able to report total 

separations.) The quits count includes voluntary 

separations by employees (except for retirements, which 

are reported as other separations). The layoffs and 

discharges count is comprised of involuntary separations 

initiated by the employer and includes layoffs with no 

intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last 

more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 

downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for 

cause; terminations of permanent or short-term 

employees; and terminations of seasonal employees. The 

other separations count includes retirements, transfers to 

other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. 

The separations count does not include transfers within 

the same location or employees on strike. The separations 

rate is computed by dividing the number of separations by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The 

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates 

are computed similarly. 

Annual estimates. Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs 

and discharges, other separations, and total separations 

are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. Annual 

rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the 

Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual average 

employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

This figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 

12 monthly rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual 

estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted 

data and are released with the January news release each 

year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job openings 

because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, 

measurement for the last business day of each month. 
Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 

16,400 nonfarm business and government establishments. 

The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry 

sector, and establishment size class. The establishments 

are drawn from a universe of over 9.1 million 

establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of 

Employment and Wages (QCEW) program which 

includes all employers subject to state unemployment 

insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the 

Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees 

program. 

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or 

ratio adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment 

estimates of the CES survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS 

employment is used to adjust the levels for all other 

JOLTS data elements. 

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only 

be as current as its sampling frame. The time lag from the 

birth of an establishment until its appearance on the 

sampling frame is approximately one year. In addition, 

many of these new units may fail within the first year. 

Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the 

sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot 

capture job openings, hires, and separations from these 

units during their early existence. To compensate for the 

inability to capture data from these establishments, BLS 

has developed a birth/death model that uses birth and 

death activity from previous years. The estimates of job 

openings, hires, and separations produced by the 

birth/death model are added to the sample-based estimates 

produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for 

openings, hires, and separations. 

Seasonal adjustment 

BLS uses X-12 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several 

JOLTS series utilizing moving averages as seasonal 

filters. A concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is 

used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are 

calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and 

including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at 

the beginning and end of the series and to detect and 

adjust for outliers in the series. 

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be 

used to derive a measure of net employment change. This 

change should be comparable to the net employment 

change from the much larger CES survey. However, 

definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors between the two surveys historically 

caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit 

the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

Monthly Alignment Method. 

This method applies the CES employment trends to the 

seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend 

(hires minus separations) forcing them to be 

approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality 

of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally 

adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied 

employment change and the CES net employment change 

is calculated. Next, the JOLTS implied employment 

change is adjusted to equal the CES net employment 

change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure 

adjusts the two components (hires, separations) 

proportionally to their contribution to the total churn 

(hires plus separations). The adjusted hires and 

separations are converted back to not seasonally adjusted 

data by reversing the application of the original seasonal 

factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been 

used to adjust the level estimates, rate estimates are 

computed from the adjusted levels. 

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and 

nonsampling error. When a sample is surveyed rather than 

the entire population, there is a chance that the sample 

estimates may differ from the "true" population values 

they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, 

varies depending on the particular sample selected, and 

this variability is measured by the standard error of the 

estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate 

based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 

standard errors from the "true" population value because 

of sampling error. Estimates of sampling errors are 

available upon request. 

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by non-sampling 

error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, 

including the failure to include a segment of the 

population, the inability to obtain data from all units in 

the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents 

to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by 

respondents, errors made in the collection or processing 

of the data, and errors from the employment benchmark 

data used in estimation. 

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Total.............................................. 3,693 3,948 3,996 4,126 3,914 3,974 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.8

INDUSTRY

Total private4

.................................. 3,272 3,559 3,603 3,757 3,552 3,605 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.0 3.0

Construction................................ 113 117 129 165 124 156 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.7 2.1 2.6

Manufacturing.............................. 264 252 280 298 288 270 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.2

Durable goods........................... 172 169 174 175 177 173 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.2

Nondurable goods....................... 92 84 106 123 111 97 2.0 1.9 2.3 2.7 2.4 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . . . .. 705 800 711 786 763 711 2.7 3.0 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.6

Retail trade............................... 434 511 455 439 474 377 2.8 3.3 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.4

Professional and business services. . . .. 662 644 729 750 680 656 3.5 3.3 3.7 3.8 3.5 3.4

Education and health services6

.......... 591 684 672 682 624 689 2.7 3.1 3.1 3.1 2.9 3.1

Health care and social assistance. . .. 535 618 599 610 552 616 3.0 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.0 3.3

Leisure and hospitality.................... 452 541 535 562 524 633 3.1 3.6 3.6 3.8 3.5 4.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 54 58 81 84 43 99 2.6 2.8 3.8 3.9 2.0 4.5

Accommodation and food services. .. 397 482 455 477 481 534 3.2 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.7 4.1

Government7.................................. 421 389 393 369 361 369 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.7

State and local............................. 340 342 354 313 311 321 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.7

REGION8

Northeast...................................... 694 696 667 692 688 664 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.5

South........................................... 1,456 1,474 1,445 1,535 1,490 1,449 2.9 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.9 2.8

Midwest........................................ 759 893 961 941 836 848 2.4 2.8 3.0 2.9 2.6 2.7

West............................................ 784 885 923 957 900 1,013 2.5 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.8 3.2

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

4

Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5

Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6

Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7

Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS

seasonal adjustment factors.
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Total............................................... 4,389 4,701 4,512 4,574 4,578 4,535 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3

INDUSTRY

Total private4

.................................. 4,112 4,408 4,232 4,286 4,291 4,255 3.6 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7

Construction................................ 331 304 348 299 251 285 5.8 5.2 5.9 5.1 4.3 4.8

Manufacturing.............................. 234 259 229 269 253 246 2.0 2.2 1.9 2.2 2.1 2.0

Durable goods........................... 144 159 140 147 146 137 1.9 2.1 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.8

Nondurable goods....................... 90 100 90 122 107 109 2.0 2.2 2.0 2.7 2.4 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . . . .. 887 960 966 1,012 1,003 934 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.8 3.6

Retail trade............................... 602 662 687 694 734 625 4.0 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.8 4.1

Professional and business services. . . .. 865 1,028 886 950 980 996 4.7 5.5 4.7 5.0 5.2 5.3

Education and health services6

.......... 522 546 530 522 539 546 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6

Health care and social assistance. . .. 459 472 454 448 461 466 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6

Leisure and hospitality.................... 789 818 813 792 795 795 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.5 5.5 5.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 126 141 138 141 126 118 6.3 6.9 6.7 6.8 6.1 5.7

Accommodation and food services. .. 663 677 675 651 668 677 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.3 5.4 5.5

Government7.................................. 277 293 281 288 287 280 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

State and local............................. 243 267 252 249 259 253 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3

REGION8

Northeast...................................... 688 744 712 696 702 685 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.7

South........................................... 1,801 1,837 1,775 1,824 1,761 1,864 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.5 3.7

Midwest........................................ 935 1,069 956 1,022 1,053 938 3.1 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.0

West............................................ 965 1,051 1,069 1,032 1,063 1,047 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.4

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

4

Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5

Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6

Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7

Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS

seasonal adjustment factors.
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Total............................................... 4,262 4,500 4,305 4,316 4,468 4,452 3.2 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.2

INDUSTRY

Total private4

.................................. 3,964 4,231 3,975 4,028 4,170 4,142 3.5 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6

Construction................................ 327 288 310 275 287 248 5.7 4.9 5.3 4.7 4.9 4.2

Manufacturing.............................. 221 243 208 228 247 230 1.8 2.0 1.7 1.9 2.1 1.9

Durable goods........................... 136 141 126 126 145 121 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.6

Nondurable goods....................... 85 102 82 103 102 109 1.9 2.3 1.8 2.3 2.3 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . . . .. 870 894 911 933 927 951 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.6

Retail trade............................... 588 639 636 668 671 649 3.9 4.2 4.2 4.4 4.4 4.3

Professional and business services. . . .. 825 969 851 888 952 977 4.5 5.2 4.5 4.7 5.1 5.2

Education and health services6

.......... 520 518 496 492 517 565 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.7

Health care and social assistance. . .. 450 441 426 416 442 471 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.6

Leisure and hospitality.................... 750 833 752 761 771 759 5.3 5.8 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 120 147 116 127 116 112 6.0 7.3 5.7 6.1 5.6 5.4

Accommodation and food services. .. 629 686 636 634 655 647 5.2 5.6 5.2 5.1 5.3 5.2

Government7.................................. 297 269 330 287 297 310 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.4

State and local............................. 256 238 284 253 265 267 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.4

REGION8

Northeast...................................... 756 742 676 659 732 750 3.0 2.9 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.9

South........................................... 1,608 1,786 1,753 1,680 1,716 1,714 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.4

Midwest........................................ 864 980 934 941 965 1,006 2.8 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2

West............................................ 1,035 993 942 1,036 1,055 982 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.4 3.4 3.2

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

4

Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5

Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6

Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7

Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS

seasonal adjustment factors.
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Total............................................... 2,301 2,381 2,426 2,448 2,417 2,375 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7

INDUSTRY

Total private4

.................................. 2,171 2,267 2,290 2,325 2,286 2,240 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.9

Construction................................ 130 94 90 75 85 93 2.3 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.6

Manufacturing.............................. 105 119 108 120 121 110 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9

Durable goods........................... 62 67 63 66 66 52 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.7

Nondurable goods....................... 43 52 45 54 55 58 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . . . .. 497 539 557 559 529 537 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.1

Retail trade............................... 361 410 408 410 383 420 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.7

Professional and business services. . . .. 373 504 475 500 540 499 2.0 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.9 2.6

Education and health services6

.......... 330 300 309 283 316 301 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.4

Health care and social assistance. . .. 292 268 273 250 283 267 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.5

Leisure and hospitality.................... 484 465 517 540 457 471 3.4 3.3 3.6 3.7 3.2 3.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 57 42 48 53 53 43 2.8 2.1 2.3 2.6 2.5 2.1

Accommodation and food services. .. 427 423 469 487 404 428 3.5 3.4 3.8 3.9 3.3 3.5

Government7.................................. 129 114 136 124 131 135 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

State and local............................. 119 103 124 113 119 125 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7

REGION8

Northeast...................................... 350 328 344 344 342 333 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

South........................................... 916 975 1,017 1,007 983 983 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

Midwest........................................ 499 567 550 551 518 532 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7

West............................................ 536 510 515 547 574 527 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.7

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

4

Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5

Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6

Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7

Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS

seasonal adjustment factors.
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Total............................................... 1,578 1,783 1,547 1,511 1,702 1,736 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3

INDUSTRY

Total private4

.................................. 1,484 1,680 1,423 1,419 1,597 1,630 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.4

Construction................................ – – – – – – – – – – – –

Manufacturing.............................. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Durable goods........................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Nondurable goods....................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . . . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Retail trade............................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Professional and business services. . . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Education and health services6

.......... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Health care and social assistance. . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Leisure and hospitality.................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Accommodation and food services. .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Government7.................................. 94 103 124 92 105 106 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5

State and local............................. – – – – – – – – – – – –

REGION8

Northeast...................................... 308 346 258 252 318 348 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.3

South........................................... 560 695 612 551 603 609 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2

Midwest........................................ 291 330 330 304 368 389 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.3

West............................................ 420 413 347 404 412 390 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

4

Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5

Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6

Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7

Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

- Data not available.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS

seasonal adjustment factors.
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Total............................................... 383 336 332 356 349 341 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private4

.................................. 309 283 262 285 287 272 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Construction................................ – – – – – – – – – – – –

Manufacturing.............................. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Durable goods........................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Nondurable goods....................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . . . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Retail trade............................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Professional and business services. . . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Education and health services6

.......... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Health care and social assistance. . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Leisure and hospitality.................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Accommodation and food services. .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Government7.................................. 74 53 70 71 62 69 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local............................. – – – – – – – – – – – –

REGION8

Northeast...................................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

South........................................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Midwest........................................ – – – – – – – – – – – –

West............................................ – – – – – – – – – – – –

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

4

Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5

Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6

Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7

Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

- Data not available.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS

seasonal adjustment factors.
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Total..................................................................... 3,836 3,387 4,121 2.8 2.4 3.0

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 3,451 3,046 3,785 3.0 2.6 3.2

Mining and logging............................................... 17 25 31 2.0 2.7 3.4

Construction....................................................... 114 82 162 2.1 1.4 2.8

Manufacturing..................................................... 266 260 275 2.2 2.1 2.2

Durable goods.................................................. 170 159 174 2.2 2.1 2.3

Nondurable goods............................................. 96 101 101 2.1 2.2 2.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 712 605 724 2.7 2.2 2.7

Wholesale trade................................................ 158 147 155 2.7 2.5 2.6

Retail trade..................................................... 409 347 353 2.7 2.1 2.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 146 111 216 2.8 2.1 4.1

Information........................................................ 92 79 106 3.4 2.9 3.9

Financial activities................................................ 266 222 271 3.3 2.7 3.3

Finance and insurance........................................ 179 176 223 3.0 2.9 3.7

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 87 45 48 4.3 2.2 2.4

Professional and business services............................ 746 642 734 4.0 3.3 3.8

Education and health services.................................. 648 572 744 3.0 2.6 3.4

Educational services.......................................... 56 64 73 1.7 1.8 2.2

Health care and social assistance........................... 592 508 671 3.3 2.8 3.6

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 418 413 596 3.0 2.8 4.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 49 26 92 2.7 1.3 4.7

Accommodation and food services.......................... 369 387 504 3.1 3.1 4.1

Other services.................................................... 170 147 142 3.1 2.6 2.6

Government.......................................................... 385 340 336 1.7 1.5 1.5

Federal............................................................. 75 49 45 2.6 1.7 1.7

State and local.................................................... 310 291 290 1.6 1.5 1.5

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 712 568 685 2.8 2.1 2.6

South................................................................. 1,575 1,323 1,569 3.2 2.6 3.1

Midwest............................................................... 740 723 826 2.4 2.3 2.6

West.................................................................. 809 772 1,040 2.6 2.4 3.3

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Total..................................................................... 4,223 3,271 4,383 3.2 2.4 3.2

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 3,970 3,098 4,127 3.6 2.7 3.6

Mining and logging............................................... 33 20 36 3.9 2.3 4.1

Construction....................................................... 288 149 247 5.4 2.6 4.5

Manufacturing..................................................... 250 164 262 2.1 1.4 2.2

Durable goods.................................................. 159 96 150 2.1 1.3 2.0

Nondurable goods............................................. 92 68 112 2.1 1.5 2.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 773 783 812 3.0 2.9 3.1

Wholesale trade................................................ 148 85 139 2.6 1.5 2.4

Retail trade..................................................... 473 549 487 3.2 3.5 3.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 152 149 186 3.0 2.8 3.7

Information........................................................ 72 51 75 2.7 1.9 2.8

Financial activities................................................ 218 130 170 2.8 1.6 2.2

Finance and insurance........................................ 142 84 105 2.4 1.4 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 76 46 65 3.9 2.3 3.3

Professional and business services............................ 955 751 1,099 5.4 4.0 5.9

Education and health services.................................. 547 379 574 2.6 1.8 2.7

Educational services.......................................... 67 41 85 2.1 1.2 2.6

Health care and social assistance........................... 480 338 489 2.7 1.9 2.7

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 663 539 672 5.0 3.8 4.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 92 87 87 5.2 4.6 4.7

Accommodation and food services.......................... 571 452 585 4.9 3.7 4.9

Other services.................................................... 171 131 181 3.2 2.4 3.3

Government.......................................................... 253 173 256 1.2 0.8 1.2

Federal............................................................. 31 24 25 1.1 0.9 0.9

State and local.................................................... 221 150 232 1.2 0.8 1.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 631 504 628 2.5 1.9 2.5

South................................................................. 1,839 1,262 1,924 3.8 2.5 3.9

Midwest............................................................... 854 735 856 2.8 2.4 2.8

West.................................................................. 899 771 976 3.0 2.5 3.2

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Total..................................................................... 4,767 4,227 5,006 3.6 3.1 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,493 3,969 4,722 4.0 3.4 4.2

Mining and logging............................................... 33 34 31 4.0 3.8 3.6

Construction....................................................... 371 311 282 6.9 5.4 5.1

Manufacturing..................................................... 236 212 245 2.0 1.8 2.0

Durable goods.................................................. 150 126 134 2.0 1.7 1.8

Nondurable goods............................................. 86 86 110 2.0 1.9 2.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,157 1,004 1,271 4.5 3.7 4.9

Wholesale trade................................................ 150 88 141 2.6 1.5 2.4

Retail trade..................................................... 805 718 870 5.4 4.5 5.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 203 198 260 4.1 3.8 5.1

Information........................................................ 74 67 75 2.8 2.5 2.8

Financial activities................................................ 249 153 202 3.2 1.9 2.6

Finance and insurance........................................ 160 104 129 2.7 1.8 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 90 50 73 4.6 2.5 3.7

Professional and business services............................ 929 942 1,089 5.2 5.0 5.9

Education and health services.................................. 535 447 581 2.6 2.1 2.8

Educational services.......................................... 62 56 79 1.9 1.6 2.4

Health care and social assistance........................... 473 391 503 2.7 2.2 2.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 741 645 768 5.6 4.6 5.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 93 90 89 5.3 4.7 4.8

Accommodation and food services.......................... 648 555 679 5.6 4.6 5.7

Other services.................................................... 168 155 178 3.1 2.8 3.3

Government.......................................................... 274 258 285 1.3 1.2 1.3

Federal............................................................. 57 31 56 2.0 1.1 2.1

State and local.................................................... 218 227 229 1.1 1.2 1.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 826 702 836 3.3 2.7 3.3

South................................................................. 1,820 1,571 1,934 3.8 3.1 3.9

Midwest............................................................... 977 971 1,156 3.3 3.1 3.8

West.................................................................. 1,144 983 1,082 3.8 3.2 3.6

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Total..................................................................... 2,255 2,007 2,347 1.7 1.5 1.7

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 2,140 1,907 2,229 1.9 1.6 2.0

Mining and logging............................................... 13 15 11 1.5 1.7 1.3

Construction....................................................... 113 58 82 2.1 1.0 1.5

Manufacturing..................................................... 93 84 98 0.8 0.7 0.8

Durable goods.................................................. 56 47 47 0.7 0.6 0.6

Nondurable goods............................................. 37 37 51 0.8 0.8 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 523 467 566 2.1 1.7 2.2

Wholesale trade................................................ 63 35 57 1.1 0.6 1.0

Retail trade..................................................... 385 340 447 2.6 2.1 2.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 74 92 62 1.5 1.8 1.2

Information........................................................ 39 33 47 1.5 1.2 1.8

Financial activities................................................ 105 61 76 1.4 0.8 1.0

Finance and insurance........................................ 76 40 37 1.3 0.7 0.6

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 29 21 39 1.5 1.0 1.9

Professional and business services............................ 359 483 482 2.0 2.6 2.6

Education and health services.................................. 333 264 307 1.6 1.2 1.5

Educational services.......................................... 35 22 31 1.1 0.6 1.0

Health care and social assistance........................... 298 242 275 1.7 1.3 1.5

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 460 363 452 3.5 2.6 3.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 40 41 30 2.2 2.1 1.6

Accommodation and food services.......................... 420 323 422 3.6 2.6 3.5

Other services.................................................... 102 80 107 1.9 1.5 2.0

Government.......................................................... 115 100 118 0.5 0.5 0.5

Federal............................................................. 12 10 11 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local.................................................... 103 91 107 0.5 0.5 0.6

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 344 282 332 1.4 1.1 1.3

South................................................................. 932 817 1,004 1.9 1.6 2.0

Midwest............................................................... 468 430 502 1.6 1.4 1.6

West.................................................................. 511 478 510 1.7 1.5 1.7

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Total..................................................................... 2,012 1,885 2,200 1.5 1.4 1.6

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 1,940 1,790 2,115 1.7 1.5 1.9

Mining and logging............................................... 18 17 12 2.1 2.0 1.4

Construction....................................................... 244 241 187 4.6 4.2 3.4

Manufacturing..................................................... 120 101 112 1.0 0.8 0.9

Durable goods.................................................. 78 59 68 1.0 0.8 0.9

Nondurable goods............................................. 42 42 44 0.9 0.9 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 505 467 607 2.0 1.7 2.3

Wholesale trade................................................ 59 47 60 1.0 0.8 1.0

Retail trade..................................................... 343 327 363 2.3 2.1 2.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 103 93 183 2.1 1.8 3.6

Information........................................................ 26 30 25 1.0 1.1 0.9

Financial activities................................................ 86 54 95 1.1 0.7 1.2

Finance and insurance........................................ 39 31 63 0.7 0.5 1.1

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 47 23 32 2.4 1.1 1.6

Professional and business services............................ 503 416 497 2.8 2.2 2.7

Education and health services.................................. 151 139 232 0.7 0.7 1.1

Educational services.......................................... 21 32 44 0.6 0.9 1.4

Health care and social assistance........................... 130 108 188 0.7 0.6 1.1

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 241 257 294 1.8 1.8 2.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 52 47 57 3.0 2.4 3.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 189 210 237 1.6 1.7 2.0

Other services.................................................... 47 68 54 0.9 1.2 1.0

Government.......................................................... 72 95 85 0.3 0.4 0.4

Federal............................................................. 10 11 24 0.4 0.4 0.9

State and local.................................................... 61 84 62 0.3 0.4 0.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 361 353 410 1.4 1.4 1.6

South................................................................. 715 627 773 1.5 1.2 1.6

Midwest............................................................... 394 468 520 1.3 1.5 1.7

West.................................................................. 542 438 498 1.8 1.4 1.6

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014p

Total..................................................................... 501 334 459 0.4 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 413 272 378 0.4 0.2 0.3

Mining and logging............................................... 3 2 7 0.3 0.2 0.8

Construction....................................................... 14 12 14 0.3 0.2 0.2

Manufacturing..................................................... 23 27 35 0.2 0.2 0.3

Durable goods.................................................. 16 20 19 0.2 0.3 0.3

Nondurable goods............................................. 7 6 16 0.2 0.1 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 129 70 97 0.5 0.3 0.4

Wholesale trade................................................ 27 7 23 0.5 0.1 0.4

Retail trade..................................................... 76 51 60 0.5 0.3 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 26 13 14 0.5 0.2 0.3

Information........................................................ 8 4 3 0.3 0.2 0.1

Financial activities................................................ 58 38 31 0.7 0.5 0.4

Finance and insurance........................................ 44 32 28 0.8 0.5 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 14 6 3 0.7 0.3 0.2

Professional and business services............................ 66 43 110 0.4 0.2 0.6

Education and health services.................................. 52 44 42 0.2 0.2 0.2

Educational services.......................................... 7 3 3 0.2 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance........................... 45 41 39 0.3 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 41 26 22 0.3 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 2 2 2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 39 23 20 0.3 0.2 0.2

Other services.................................................... 19 8 17 0.4 0.1 0.3

Government.......................................................... 88 62 81 0.4 0.3 0.4

Federal............................................................. 35 10 21 1.2 0.4 0.8

State and local.................................................... 53 52 60 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 121 67 92 0.5 0.3 0.4

South................................................................. 174 127 160 0.4 0.3 0.3

Midwest............................................................... 115 73 133 0.4 0.2 0.4

West.................................................................. 91 67 74 0.3 0.2 0.2

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
Table 13. Annual hires levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

[in thousands]

Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total..................................................................... 54,745 45,931 48,743 50,295 52,360 54,191

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 51,316 42,703 44,914 47,183 48,915 50,718

Mining and logging............................................... 348 184 283 339 381 356

Construction....................................................... 4,442 3,680 4,018 4,191 3,968 3,817

Manufacturing..................................................... 3,582 2,731 3,149 3,041 2,981 2,879

Durable goods.................................................. 2,063 1,415 1,803 1,772 1,793 1,731

Nondurable goods............................................. 1,516 1,320 1,347 1,268 1,187 1,147

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 11,326 9,297 9,744 10,012 10,474 11,143

Wholesale trade................................................ 1,772 1,372 1,402 1,508 1,560 1,444

Retail trade..................................................... 7,814 6,287 6,738 6,814 6,991 7,782

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 1,745 1,638 1,601 1,688 1,923 1,917

Information........................................................ 752 662 645 740 768 830

Financial activities................................................ 2,525 2,000 2,016 1,879 2,183 2,380

Finance and insurance........................................ 1,621 1,193 1,337 1,190 1,412 1,548

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 902 809 681 691 769 831

Professional and business services............................ 9,917 8,178 9,431 10,456 10,597 11,115

Education and health services.................................. 6,470 6,023 5,859 5,806 6,234 6,433

Educational services.......................................... 910 843 893 951 886 901

Health care and social assistance........................... 5,560 5,178 4,966 4,859 5,348 5,531

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 9,750 7,763 7,817 8,507 9,106 9,554

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 1,454 1,189 1,324 1,451 1,551 1,530

Accommodation and food services.......................... 8,296 6,573 6,494 7,056 7,559 8,024

Other services.................................................... 2,204 2,182 1,946 2,217 2,226 2,213

Government.......................................................... 3,428 3,228 3,828 3,109 3,448 3,475

Federal............................................................. 317 456 1,044 335 365 364

State and local.................................................... 3,109 2,773 2,785 2,775 3,084 3,109

REGION2

Northeast............................................................. 8,847 8,226 8,667 8,436 8,443 8,648

South................................................................. 20,741 17,342 18,297 19,211 20,730 21,284

Midwest............................................................... 11,942 9,858 11,160 11,600 11,624 11,917

West.................................................................. 13,211 10,506 10,617 11,049 11,566 12,343

1 The annual hires level is the total number of hires during the entire year.

2 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
Table 14. Annual hires rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

[percent]

Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total..................................................................... 39.9 35.0 37.4 38.1 39.0 39.7

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 44.8 39.3 41.7 43.0 43.6 44.3

Mining and logging............................................... 45.4 26.5 40.1 43.0 44.9 41.0

Construction....................................................... 62.0 61.2 72.8 75.7 70.3 65.5

Manufacturing..................................................... 26.7 23.1 27.3 25.9 25.0 24.0

Durable goods.................................................. 24.4 19.4 25.5 24.4 24.0 23.0

Nondurable goods............................................. 30.7 28.9 30.2 28.5 26.6 25.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 43.1 37.3 39.6 39.9 41.1 43.1

Wholesale trade................................................ 29.8 24.6 25.7 27.2 27.5 25.1

Retail trade..................................................... 51.1 43.3 46.7 46.5 47.1 51.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 34.4 34.1 33.7 34.8 38.7 38.0

Information........................................................ 25.2 23.6 23.8 27.6 28.7 30.9

Financial activities................................................ 30.8 25.5 26.2 24.4 28.0 30.2

Finance and insurance........................................ 26.7 20.4 23.2 20.6 24.2 26.3

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 42.3 40.6 35.2 35.9 39.3 41.5

Professional and business services............................ 55.9 49.3 56.4 60.3 59.1 59.9

Education and health services.................................. 33.8 30.8 29.5 28.7 30.1 30.5

Educational services.......................................... 29.9 27.3 28.3 29.3 26.5 26.9

Health care and social assistance........................... 34.5 31.5 29.7 28.6 30.8 31.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 72.6 59.4 59.9 63.7 66.1 67.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 73.8 62.1 69.2 75.6 78.8 75.2

Accommodation and food services.......................... 72.4 58.9 58.3 61.7 64.1 65.7

Other services.................................................... 40.0 40.7 36.5 41.4 41.0 40.5

Government.......................................................... 15.2 14.3 17.0 14.1 15.7 15.9

Federal............................................................. 11.5 16.1 35.1 11.7 12.9 13.2

State and local.................................................... 15.7 14.1 14.3 14.4 16.1 16.3

REGION2

Northeast............................................................. 34.3 32.9 34.9 33.7 33.5 33.8

South................................................................. 41.8 36.5 38.7 40.1 42.6 43.0

Midwest............................................................... 38.3 33.1 37.8 38.7 38.3 38.7

West.................................................................. 43.3 36.3 37.1 38.2 38.7 40.4

1 The annual hires rate is the number of hires during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.

2 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
Table 15. Annual total separations levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

[in thousands]

Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total..................................................................... 58,227 51,127 47,750 48,220 50,070 51,837

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 54,932 47,815 43,631 44,763 46,573 48,329

Mining and logging............................................... 316 295 212 240 359 324

Construction....................................................... 5,217 4,767 4,247 3,984 3,862 3,639

Manufacturing..................................................... 4,449 4,130 3,054 2,827 2,807 2,797

Durable goods.................................................. 2,690 2,509 1,683 1,542 1,650 1,653

Nondurable goods............................................. 1,760 1,620 1,371 1,285 1,156 1,144

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 12,418 10,469 9,401 9,485 10,080 10,580

Wholesale trade................................................ 2,003 1,695 1,401 1,386 1,466 1,351

Retail trade..................................................... 8,543 6,846 6,534 6,513 6,833 7,418

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 1,873 1,927 1,470 1,587 1,780 1,813

Information........................................................ 867 830 707 739 782 832

Financial activities................................................ 2,730 2,350 2,077 1,846 2,089 2,304

Finance and insurance........................................ 1,762 1,421 1,363 1,160 1,348 1,524

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 969 930 714 684 740 782

Professional and business services............................ 10,733 8,936 8,892 9,870 10,009 10,471

Education and health services.................................. 5,963 5,698 5,536 5,417 5,747 6,086

Educational services.......................................... 813 823 812 821 861 873

Health care and social assistance........................... 5,148 4,875 4,723 4,593 4,885 5,213

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 9,984 8,062 7,581 8,196 8,646 9,116

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 1,479 1,250 1,285 1,478 1,452 1,472

Accommodation and food services.......................... 8,503 6,811 6,299 6,719 7,195 7,643

Other services.................................................... 2,260 2,280 1,924 2,158 2,192 2,176

Government.......................................................... 3,295 3,312 4,116 3,459 3,498 3,506

Federal............................................................. 305 405 994 370 385 446

State and local.................................................... 2,987 2,905 3,122 3,088 3,114 3,060

REGION2

Northeast............................................................. 9,505 8,877 8,637 8,115 8,238 8,519

South................................................................. 21,853 18,910 17,659 18,497 19,769 20,186

Midwest............................................................... 12,572 11,138 10,891 11,100 11,248 11,167

West.................................................................. 14,292 12,202 10,564 10,511 10,816 11,964

1 The annual total separations level is the total number of total separations during the entire year.

2 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
Table 16. Annual total separations rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

[percent]

Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total..................................................................... 42.4 39.0 36.7 36.6 37.3 38.0

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 47.9 44.0 40.5 40.8 41.5 42.2

Mining and logging............................................... 41.3 42.5 30.1 30.5 42.3 37.3

Construction....................................................... 72.8 79.2 77.0 72.0 68.4 62.5

Manufacturing..................................................... 33.2 34.9 26.5 24.1 23.5 23.3

Durable goods.................................................. 31.8 34.4 23.8 21.2 22.1 21.9

Nondurable goods............................................. 35.6 35.5 30.7 28.9 25.9 25.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 47.2 42.0 38.2 37.8 39.6 40.9

Wholesale trade................................................ 33.7 30.3 25.7 25.0 25.9 23.5

Retail trade..................................................... 55.9 47.1 45.2 44.4 46.0 49.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 37.0 40.2 31.0 32.7 35.8 35.9

Information........................................................ 29.1 29.6 26.1 27.6 29.2 31.0

Financial activities................................................ 33.3 30.0 27.0 24.0 26.8 29.2

Finance and insurance........................................ 29.0 24.3 23.7 20.1 23.1 25.9

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 45.5 46.6 36.9 35.5 37.9 39.1

Professional and business services............................ 60.5 53.9 53.2 56.9 55.8 56.4

Education and health services.................................. 31.1 29.1 27.8 26.8 27.8 28.8

Educational services.......................................... 26.7 26.6 25.7 25.3 25.8 26.1

Health care and social assistance........................... 31.9 29.6 28.2 27.1 28.1 29.4

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 74.3 61.7 58.1 61.4 62.8 64.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 75.1 65.2 67.2 77.0 73.7 72.4

Accommodation and food services.......................... 74.2 61.0 56.6 58.8 61.0 62.6

Other services.................................................... 41.0 42.5 36.1 40.3 40.4 39.8

Government.......................................................... 14.6 14.7 18.3 15.7 16.0 16.0

Federal............................................................. 11.0 14.3 33.4 12.9 13.7 16.1

State and local.................................................... 15.1 14.7 16.0 16.1 16.3 16.0

REGION2

Northeast............................................................. 36.8 35.5 34.8 32.4 32.7 33.3

South................................................................. 44.0 39.8 37.3 38.6 40.6 40.8

Midwest............................................................... 40.3 37.4 36.8 37.1 37.1 36.3

West.................................................................. 46.8 42.2 36.9 36.3 36.2 39.2

1 The annual total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.

2 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
Table 17. Annual quits levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

[in thousands]

Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total..................................................................... 30,355 21,030 22,057 23,533 25,081 27,619

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 28,774 19,853 20,748 22,149 23,535 26,052

Mining and logging............................................... 181 85 89 141 194 168

Construction....................................................... 1,604 888 901 947 975 1,180

Manufacturing..................................................... 1,883 1,038 1,135 1,252 1,296 1,338

Durable goods.................................................. 1,046 506 567 644 711 747

Nondurable goods............................................. 836 535 568 610 587 589

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 6,726 4,679 4,921 5,215 5,562 6,018

Wholesale trade................................................ 944 559 540 618 698 697

Retail trade..................................................... 4,857 3,407 3,727 3,871 3,995 4,437

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 924 714 653 726 868 882

Information........................................................ 446 382 349 406 442 446

Financial activities................................................ 1,421 879 1,010 981 1,086 1,181

Finance and insurance........................................ 957 577 668 648 706 794

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 462 302 343 331 381 387

Professional and business services............................ 5,211 3,393 3,987 4,438 4,388 5,295

Education and health services.................................. 3,498 2,977 2,987 2,998 3,302 3,594

Educational services.......................................... 378 315 356 380 406 399

Health care and social assistance........................... 3,121 2,660 2,630 2,620 2,895 3,194

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 6,582 4,519 4,415 4,796 5,224 5,678

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 541 400 453 518 530 567

Accommodation and food services.......................... 6,040 4,121 3,965 4,275 4,695 5,113

Other services.................................................... 1,223 1,017 952 976 1,068 1,159

Government.......................................................... 1,581 1,175 1,308 1,385 1,545 1,569

Federal............................................................. 102 83 144 111 131 136

State and local.................................................... 1,480 1,093 1,165 1,276 1,415 1,433

REGION2

Northeast............................................................. 4,446 3,138 3,477 3,377 3,689 3,896

South................................................................. 12,298 8,471 8,888 9,533 10,507 11,417

Midwest............................................................... 6,615 4,541 5,000 5,485 5,651 6,245

West.................................................................. 6,996 4,877 4,690 5,137 5,231 6,064

1 The annual quits level is the total number of quits during the entire year.

2 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
Table 18. Annual quits rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

[percent]

Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total..................................................................... 22.1 16.0 16.9 17.8 18.7 20.3

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 25.1 18.3 19.2 20.2 21.0 22.8

Mining and logging............................................... 23.6 12.2 12.6 17.9 22.9 19.4

Construction....................................................... 22.4 14.8 16.3 17.1 17.3 20.3

Manufacturing..................................................... 14.0 8.8 9.8 10.7 10.9 11.1

Durable goods.................................................. 12.4 6.9 8.0 8.9 9.5 9.9

Nondurable goods............................................. 16.9 11.7 12.7 13.7 13.2 13.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 25.6 18.8 20.0 20.8 21.8 23.3

Wholesale trade................................................ 15.9 10.0 9.9 11.1 12.3 12.1

Retail trade..................................................... 31.8 23.5 25.8 26.4 26.9 29.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 18.2 14.9 13.8 15.0 17.5 17.5

Information........................................................ 14.9 13.6 12.9 15.2 16.5 16.6

Financial activities................................................ 17.3 11.2 13.1 12.7 14.0 15.0

Finance and insurance........................................ 15.8 9.9 11.6 11.2 12.1 13.5

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 21.7 15.1 17.7 17.2 19.5 19.3

Professional and business services............................ 29.4 20.5 23.8 25.6 24.5 28.5

Education and health services.................................. 18.3 15.2 15.0 14.8 16.0 17.0

Educational services.......................................... 12.4 10.2 11.3 11.7 12.2 11.9

Health care and social assistance........................... 19.4 16.2 15.7 15.4 16.7 18.0

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 49.0 34.6 33.8 35.9 37.9 39.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 27.5 20.9 23.7 27.0 26.9 27.9

Accommodation and food services.......................... 52.7 36.9 35.6 37.4 39.8 41.9

Other services.................................................... 22.2 18.9 17.9 18.2 19.7 21.2

Government.......................................................... 7.0 5.2 5.8 6.3 7.0 7.2

Federal............................................................. 3.7 2.9 4.8 3.9 4.6 4.9

State and local.................................................... 7.5 5.5 6.0 6.6 7.4 7.5

REGION2

Northeast............................................................. 17.2 12.6 14.0 13.5 14.6 15.2

South................................................................. 24.8 17.8 18.8 19.9 21.6 23.1

Midwest............................................................... 21.2 15.2 16.9 18.3 18.6 20.3

West.................................................................. 22.9 16.9 16.4 17.8 17.5 19.9

1 The annual quits rate is the number of quits during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.

2 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
Table 19. Annual layoffs and discharges levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

[in thousands]

Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total..................................................................... 24,028 26,444 21,829 20,805 20,892 19,964

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 22,920 24,916 19,786 19,473 19,706 18,797

Mining and logging............................................... 112 186 94 83 144 132

Construction....................................................... 3,389 3,743 3,156 2,868 2,769 2,328

Manufacturing..................................................... 2,245 2,812 1,679 1,327 1,252 1,187

Durable goods.................................................. 1,439 1,822 961 741 779 739

Nondurable goods............................................. 805 994 719 586 473 449

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 4,750 4,920 3,687 3,400 3,583 3,578

Wholesale trade................................................ 947 990 737 586 638 534

Retail trade..................................................... 3,026 2,861 2,320 2,157 2,246 2,353

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 774 1,070 628 660 696 693

Information........................................................ 349 380 293 277 276 313

Financial activities................................................ 1,054 1,277 778 660 626 711

Finance and insurance........................................ 627 699 461 358 340 401

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 427 578 318 306 285 310

Professional and business services............................ 4,970 4,954 4,315 4,820 5,021 4,689

Education and health services.................................. 2,012 2,232 2,125 1,874 1,949 1,927

Educational services.......................................... 390 455 408 372 390 418

Health care and social assistance........................... 1,621 1,777 1,718 1,500 1,559 1,511

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 3,097 3,265 2,811 3,115 3,086 3,040

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 893 817 793 930 895 868

Accommodation and food services.......................... 2,204 2,449 2,016 2,187 2,193 2,171

Other services.................................................... 944 1,145 854 1,048 1,001 886

Government.......................................................... 1,108 1,527 2,042 1,333 1,187 1,166

Federal............................................................. 106 217 738 134 128 157

State and local.................................................... 1,003 1,311 1,309 1,198 1,059 1,010

REGION2

Northeast............................................................. 4,298 5,045 4,410 4,031 3,762 3,781

South................................................................. 8,232 9,099 7,422 7,560 7,773 7,258

Midwest............................................................... 5,081 5,782 5,019 4,694 4,652 4,026

West.................................................................. 6,414 6,516 4,982 4,521 4,706 4,901

1 The annual layoffs and discharges level is the total number of layoffs and discharges during the entire year.

2 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
Table 20. Annual layoffs and discharges rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

[percent]

Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total..................................................................... 17.5 20.2 16.8 15.8 15.6 14.6

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 20.0 22.9 18.4 17.7 17.6 16.4

Mining and logging............................................... 14.6 26.8 13.3 10.5 17.0 15.2

Construction....................................................... 47.3 62.2 57.2 51.8 49.0 40.0

Manufacturing..................................................... 16.7 23.7 14.6 11.3 10.5 9.9

Durable goods.................................................. 17.0 25.0 13.6 10.2 10.4 9.8

Nondurable goods............................................. 16.3 21.8 16.1 13.2 10.6 10.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 18.1 19.8 15.0 13.6 14.1 13.8

Wholesale trade................................................ 15.9 17.7 13.5 10.6 11.3 9.3

Retail trade..................................................... 19.8 19.7 16.1 14.7 15.1 15.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 15.3 22.3 13.2 13.6 14.0 13.7

Information........................................................ 11.7 13.6 10.8 10.3 10.3 11.7

Financial activities................................................ 12.8 16.3 10.1 8.6 8.0 9.0

Finance and insurance........................................ 10.3 12.0 8.0 6.2 5.8 6.8

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 20.0 29.0 16.4 15.9 14.6 15.5

Professional and business services............................ 28.0 29.9 25.8 27.8 28.0 25.3

Education and health services.................................. 10.5 11.4 10.7 9.3 9.4 9.1

Educational services.......................................... 12.8 14.7 12.9 11.4 11.7 12.5

Health care and social assistance........................... 10.1 10.8 10.3 8.8 9.0 8.5

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 23.1 25.0 21.5 23.3 22.4 21.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 45.3 42.6 41.5 48.5 45.5 42.7

Accommodation and food services.......................... 19.2 21.9 18.1 19.1 18.6 17.8

Other services.................................................... 17.1 21.3 16.0 19.6 18.4 16.2

Government.......................................................... 4.9 6.8 9.1 6.0 5.4 5.3

Federal............................................................. 3.8 7.7 24.8 4.7 4.5 5.7

State and local.................................................... 5.1 6.6 6.7 6.2 5.5 5.3

REGION2

Northeast............................................................. 16.6 20.2 17.8 16.1 14.9 14.8

South................................................................. 16.6 19.1 15.7 15.8 16.0 14.7

Midwest............................................................... 16.3 19.4 17.0 15.7 15.3 13.1

West.................................................................. 21.0 22.5 17.4 15.6 15.8 16.1

1 The annual layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.

2 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
Table 21. Annual other separations levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

[in thousands]

Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total..................................................................... 3,845 3,654 3,864 3,882 4,100 4,254

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 3,240 3,045 3,098 3,143 3,333 3,483

Mining and logging............................................... 23 24 25 20 22 26

Construction....................................................... 225 132 193 168 120 131

Manufacturing..................................................... 324 277 240 246 260 273

Durable goods.................................................. 203 184 154 154 163 166

Nondurable goods............................................. 119 95 85 89 96 107

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 943 870 797 873 937 983

Wholesale trade................................................ 111 146 126 182 127 122

Retail trade..................................................... 657 581 486 488 592 627

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 175 143 185 201 217 236

Information........................................................ 69 69 65 56 65 75

Financial activities................................................ 255 192 286 205 378 414

Finance and insurance........................................ 177 143 232 156 306 327

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 78 51 54 49 73 85

Professional and business services............................ 554 590 588 611 598 486

Education and health services.................................. 452 489 423 544 494 568

Educational services.......................................... 48 52 47 70 64 57

Health care and social assistance........................... 401 436 375 476 429 510

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 304 278 355 287 333 400

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 43 34 39 29 28 36

Accommodation and food services.......................... 262 242 317 256 306 361

Other services.................................................... 93 118 121 133 123 131

Government.......................................................... 604 609 765 740 768 772

Federal............................................................. 99 107 116 127 127 154

State and local.................................................... 505 502 652 613 640 619

REGION2

Northeast............................................................. 757 691 748 703 789 842

South................................................................. 1,331 1,346 1,357 1,409 1,487 1,517

Midwest............................................................... 875 813 871 920 945 903

West.................................................................. 878 806 891 851 876 996

1 The annual other separations level is the total number of other separations during the entire year.

2 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
Table 22. Annual other separations rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

[percent]

Industry and region 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Total..................................................................... 2.8 2.8 3.0 2.9 3.1 3.1

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0

Mining and logging............................................... 3.0 3.5 3.5 2.5 2.6 3.0

Construction....................................................... 3.1 2.2 3.5 3.0 2.1 2.2

Manufacturing..................................................... 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3

Durable goods.................................................. 2.4 2.5 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 2.4 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 3.6 3.5 3.2 3.5 3.7 3.8

Wholesale trade................................................ 1.9 2.6 2.3 3.3 2.2 2.1

Retail trade..................................................... 4.3 4.0 3.4 3.3 4.0 4.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 3.5 3.0 3.9 4.1 4.4 4.7

Information........................................................ 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.1 2.4 2.8

Financial activities................................................ 3.1 2.4 3.7 2.7 4.9 5.3

Finance and insurance........................................ 2.9 2.4 4.0 2.7 5.3 5.6

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 3.7 2.6 2.8 2.5 3.7 4.2

Professional and business services............................ 3.1 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.3 2.6

Education and health services.................................. 2.4 2.5 2.1 2.7 2.4 2.7

Educational services.......................................... 1.6 1.7 1.5 2.2 1.9 1.7

Health care and social assistance........................... 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.8 2.5 2.9

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 2.3 2.1 2.7 2.1 2.4 2.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 2.2 1.8 2.0 1.5 1.4 1.8

Accommodation and food services.......................... 2.3 2.2 2.8 2.2 2.6 3.0

Other services.................................................... 1.7 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.4

Government.......................................................... 2.7 2.7 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5

Federal............................................................. 3.6 3.8 3.9 4.4 4.5 5.6

State and local.................................................... 2.6 2.5 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.2

REGION2

Northeast............................................................. 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.8 3.1 3.3

South................................................................. 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.1

Midwest............................................................... 2.8 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.1 2.9

West.................................................................. 2.9 2.8 3.1 2.9 2.9 3.3

1 The annual other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.

2 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.