Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212 

Technical information: 

 Household data: (202) 691-6378 USDL 09-0224 

 http://www.bls.gov/cps/ 

 Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 Transmission of material in this release 

 http://www.bls.gov/ces/ is embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EST), 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 Friday, March 6, 2009. 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: FEBRUARY 2009 

Nonfarm payroll employment continued to fall sharply in February (-651,000), and the unemployment rate rose from 7.6 to 8.1 percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor 

reported today. Payroll employment has declined by 2.6 million in the past 4 months. In February, job 

losses were large and widespread across nearly all major industry sectors. 

Unemployment (Household Survey Data)

The number of unemployed persons increased by 851,000 to 12.5 million in February, and the unemployment rate rose to 8.1 percent. Over the past 12 months, the number of unemployed persons has 

increased by about 5.0 million, and the unemployment rate has risen by 3.3 percentage points. (See 

table A-1.) 

The unemployment rate continued to trend upward in February for adult men (8.1 percent), adult 

women (6.7 percent), whites (7.3 percent), blacks (13.4 percent), and Hispanics (10.9 percent). The 

jobless rate for teenagers was little changed at 21.6 percent. The unemployment rate for Asians was 6.9 

percent in February, not seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

News United States 

Department 

of Labor 

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,

March 2006 – February 2009

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

8.0

8.5

9.0

9.5

10.0

Percent Millions

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted, 

March 2006 – February 2009

2007 2008 2009

122.0

124.0

126.0

128.0

130.0

132.0

134.0

136.0

138.0

140.0

142.0

2007 2008 2009
2

Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Civilian labor force ............................... 154,650 154,648 154,447 153,716 154,214 498

Employment ..................................... 145,299 144,046 143,338 142,099 141,748 -351

Unemployment .................................. 9,350 10,602 11,108 11,616 12,467 851

Not in labor force .................................. 79,460 80,177 80,588 81,023 80,699 -324

All workers ......................................... 6.0 6.9 7.2 7.6 8.1 0.5

Adult men ........................................ 5.8 6.8 7.2 7.6 8.1 .5

Adult women ..................................... 5.0 5.6 5.9 6.2 6.7 .5

Teenagers ........................................ 19.7 20.7 20.8 20.8 21.6 .8

White ............................................... 5.4 6.3 6.6 6.9 7.3 .4

Black or African American 

................... 10.7 11.5 11.9 12.6 13.4 .8

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity ................. 7.8 8.9 9.2 9.7 10.9 1.2

ESTABLISHMENT DATA 

Nonfarm employment ............................ 137,004 135,727 135,074 p 134,419 p 133,768 p -651

Goods-producing 1.............................. 21,343 20,803 20,532 p 20,153 p 19,877 p -276

Construction .................................... 7,170 6,949 6,841 p 6,723 p 6,619 p -104

Manufacturing ............................... 13,388 13,062 12,902 p 12,645 p 12,477 p -168

Service-providing 1 ............................. 115,661 114,924 114,542 p 114,266 p 113,891 p -375

 Retail trade 2 ................................. 15,331 15,127 15,038 p 14,999 p 14,960 p -40

Professional and business service ........... 17,730 17,485 17,356 p 17,222 p 17,042 p -180

Education and health services ............... 18,932 19,035 19,080 p 19,123 p 19,149 p 26

Leisure and hospitality ...................... 13,452 13,348 13,304 p 13,275 p 13,242 p -33

Government .................................... 22,543 22,538 22,532 p 22,563 p 22,572 p 9

Total private ....................................... 33.6 33.4 33.3 p 33.3 p 33.3 p 0.0

Manufacturing .................................. 40.8 40.2 39.9 p 39.8 p 39.6 p -.2

 Overtime ....................................... 3.6 3.2 2.9 p 2.8 p 2.6 p -.2

Total private ........................................ 106.1 104.1 103.2 p 102.6 p 101.9 p -0.7

Average hourly earnings, total private ......... $18.16 $18.34 $18.40 p $18.44 p $18.47 p $0.03

Average weekly earnings, total private ....... 610.90 612.55 612.72 p 614.05 p 615.05 p 1.00

III 2008 IV 2008 Dec. 2008 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009

p = preliminary.

Jan.-Feb. 

change

Hours of work 3

1

 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2

 Quarterly averages and the over-the-month change are calculated using unrounded data. 3

 Data relate to private production and nonsupervisory workers.

Category

Quarterly averages Monthly data

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100) 3

Earnings 3

 Employment

Labor force status

Unemployment rates 
3

Among the unemployed, the number of job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs 

increased by 716,000 to 7.7 million in February. This measure has grown by 3.8 million in the last 12 

months. (See table A-8.) 

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) increased by 270,000 to 

2.9 million in February. Over the past 12 months, the number of long-term unemployed was up by 1.6 

million. (See table A-9.) 

Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

The civilian labor force participation rate was about unchanged at 65.6 percent. The employmentpopulation ratio, at 60.3 percent in February, continued to trend down. The ratio has declined by 2.4 

percentage points over the year. (See table A-1.) 

In February, the number of persons who worked part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as involuntary part-time workers) rose by 787,000, reaching 8.6 million. The number of such 

workers rose by 3.7 million over the past 12 months. This category includes persons who would like to 

work full time but were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were 

unable to find full-time jobs. (See table A-5.) 

Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

About 2.1 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) were marginally attached to the labor force in 

February, 466,000 more than a year earlier. These individuals wanted and were available for work and 

had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because 

they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. Among the marginally attached, 

there were 731,000 discouraged workers in February, up by 335,000 from a year earlier. Discouraged 

workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. 

The other 1.3 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in February had not searched for 

work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-13.) 

Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)

Total nonfarm payroll employment dropped by 651,000 in February. Since the recession began in 

December 2007, about 4.4 million jobs have been lost, with more than half (2.6 million) of the decrease 

occurring in the last 4 months. In February, employment declined in most major industry sectors, with 

the largest losses occurring in professional and business services, manufacturing, and construction. 

Health care continued to add jobs over the month. (See table B-1.) 

Employment in professional and business services fell by 180,000 in February. The temporary help 

industry lost 78,000 jobs over the month. Since December 2007, temporary help employment has declined by 686,000, or 27 percent. In February, job declines also occurred in services to buildings and 

dwellings (-17,000), architectural and engineering services (-16,000), and business support services 

(-12,000). 

Widespread job losses continued in manufacturing in February (-168,000). The majority of the 

decline occurred in durable goods industries (-132,000), with the largest decreases in fabricated metal 
4

products (-28,000) and machinery (-25,000). Employment in nondurable goods manufacturing declined 

by 36,000 over the month. 

The construction industry lost 104,000 jobs in February. Employment in the industry has fallen by 

1.1 million since peaking in January 2007. Two-fifths of that decline occurred over the last 4 months. 

Employment fell sharply in both the residential and nonresidential components of the industry in 

February. 

Employment in truck transportation declined by 33,000 in February; the industry has lost 138,000 

jobs since the start of the recession in December 2007. Nearly two-thirds of the decline (-88,000) 

occurred over the last 4 months. The information industry continued to lose jobs (-15,000). Over the 

last 4 months, employment in the industry has decreased by 76,000, with about two-fifths of the decline 

occurring in publishing. 

Employment in financial activities continued to decline in February (-44,000). The number of jobs 

in this industry has dropped by 448,000 since an employment peak in December 2006, with half of this 

loss occurring in the past 6 months. In February, job losses occurred in real estate (-11,000); credit 

intermediation (-11,000); and securities, commodity contracts, and investments (-8,000). 

Retail trade employment fell by 40,000 over the month and has declined by 608,000 since December 2007. In February, employment decreased in automobile dealerships (-9,000), sporting goods 

(-9,000), furniture and home furnishing stores (-8,000), and building material and garden supply stores 

(-7,000). Employment in wholesale trade fell by 37,000 over the month, with nearly all of the decline 

occurring in durable goods. 

Employment in leisure and hospitality continued to trend down over the month (-33,000), with 

about half of the decrease in the accommodation industry (-18,000). 

Health care continued to add jobs in February, with a gain of 27,000. Job growth occurred in 

ambulatory health care (16,000) and in hospitals (7,000). 

The change in total nonfarm employment for December was revised from -577,000 to -681,000 and 

the change for January was revised from -598,000 to -655,000. Monthly revisions result from additional 

sample reports and the monthly recalculation of seasonal factors. 

Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)

In February, the average workweek for production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm 

payrolls was 33.3 hours for the third month in a row. Both the manufacturing workweek and factory 

overtime decreased by 0.2 hour over the month to 39.6 and 2.6 hours, respectively. (See table B-2.) 

The index of aggregate weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm 

payrolls fell by 0.7 percent in February. The manufacturing index declined by 2.0 percent over the 

month. (See table B-5.) 
5

Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)

In February, average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm 

payrolls rose by 3 cents, or 0.2 percent, seasonally adjusted. Over the past 12 months, average hourly 

earnings increased by 3.6 percent, and average weekly earnings rose by 2.1 percent. (See table B-3.) 

______________________________ 

The Employment Situation for March 2009 is scheduled to be released on Friday, April 3, 

at 8:30 A.M. (EDT). 
6

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a 

smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey 

because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of 107,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in 

the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope 

than the establishment survey because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The 

household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. 

Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

Neither the establishment nor household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. 

Thus, while it is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants, it is not 

possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The household survey does include 

questions about whether respondents were born outside the United States. Data from these questions 

show that foreign-born workers accounted for 15.7 percent of the labor force in 2007 and 47.7 percent 

of the net increase in the labor force from 2000 to 2007. 

Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. 

The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit http://www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm. 

Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments 

with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability 

of the total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately 

sampled to achieve that goal. 

Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric 

model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past 
7

values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and 

Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. 

BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 

Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance 

benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons 

who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. 

(People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, 

including those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged 

workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (discouraged workers and other 

groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in the Employment Situation 

news release. 
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) 

and the Current Employment Statistics survey (establishment 

survey). The household survey provides the information on 

the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears 

in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample 

survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. 

Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides the information on 

the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm 

payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected from payroll 

records by BLS in cooperation with state agencies. The 

sample includes about 160,000 businesses and government 

agencies covering approximately 400,000 individual worksites. The active sample includes about one-third of all nonfarm payroll workers. The sample is drawn from a sampling 

frame of unemployment insurance tax accounts. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference week is generally the calendar week that contains 

the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the 

reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which 

may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in 

their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: They had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; and 

they made specific efforts to find employment sometime 

during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. 

Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be 

looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The 

unemployment data derived from the household survey in no 

way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of 

unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or 

unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment 

rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor 

force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as 

a percent of the population, and the employment-population 

ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted 

in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for 

private businesses and relate only to production workers in 

the goods-producing sector and nonsupervisory workers in 

the service-providing sector. Industries are classified on the 

basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2007 

version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous 

conceptual and methodological differences between the 

household and establishment surveys result in important 

distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the 

surveys. Among these are: 

• The household survey includes agricultural workers, 

the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and 

private household workers among the employed. 

These groups are excluded from the establishment 

survey. 

• The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not. 

• The household survey is limited to workers 16 years 

of age and older. The establishment survey is not 

limited by age. 

• The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll would be counted separately for each 

appearance. 

Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as 

changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, 

harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of 

schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very 

large; seasonal fluctuations may account for as much as 95 

percent of the month-to-month changes in unemployment. 
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends 

can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to 

month. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, 

such as declines in economic activity or increases in the 

participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For 

example, the large number of youth entering the labor force 

each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have 

taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if 

the level of economic activity has risen or declined. 

However, because the effect of students finishing school in 

previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can 

be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the 

seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure 

provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in 

economic activity. 

Most seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such 

as total payroll employment, employment in most 

supersectors, total employment, and unemployment are 

computed by aggregating independently adjusted component 

series. For example, total unemployment is derived by 

summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex 

components; this differs from the unemployment estimate 

that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by 

combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age 

categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which 

new seasonal factors are calculated each month, using all 

relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used 

each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. 

In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a 

year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. 

When a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed, 

there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from 

the "true" population values they represent. The exact 

difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the 

particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by 

the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based 

on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors 

from the "true" population value because of sampling error. 

BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level 

of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total employment from the household survey is on 

the order of plus or minus 430,000. Suppose the estimate of 

total employment increases by 100,000 from one month to 

the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly 

change would range from -330,000 to 530,000 (100,000 +/-

430,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results 

are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 

90-percent chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies 

within this interval. Since this range includes values of less 

than zero, we could not say with confidence that employment 

had, in fact, increased. If, however, the reported employment 

rise was half a million, then all of the values within the 90-

percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In 

this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that an 

employment rise had, in fact, occurred. At an unemployment 

rate of around 5.5 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval 

for the monthly change in unemployment is about 

+/-280,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment 

rate it is about +/-.19 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size 

of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small 

number of observations. The precision of estimates is also 

improved when the data are cumulated over time such as for 

quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal adjustment 

process can also improve the stability of the monthly 

estimates. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can 

occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a 

segment of the population, inability to obtain information for 

all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, 

mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the 

collection or processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for 

the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for 

this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the 

tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly 

estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, 

that the estimate is considered final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to account 

for business births. The first component uses business deaths 

to impute employment for business births. This is incorporated into the sample-based link relative estimate 

procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of 

business, but imputing to them the same trend as the other 

firms in the sample. The second component is an ARIMA 

time series model designed to estimate the residual net 

birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. 

The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA 

model was derived from the unemployment insurance 

universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual 

net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 
known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy 

for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate 

changes in the classification of industries. Over the past 

decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm 

employment have averaged 0.2 percent, with a range from 0.1 

percent to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-877-

8339. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Feb.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Feb.

2008

Oct.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 232,809 234,739 234,913 232,809 234,612 234,828 235,035 234,739 234,913

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 152,503 153,445 153,804 153,498 154,878 154,620 154,447 153,716 154,214

 Participation rate ..................................................... 65.5 65.4 65.5 65.9 66.0 65.8 65.7 65.5 65.6

 Employed .................................................................... 144,550 140,436 140,105 146,075 144,657 144,144 143,338 142,099 141,748

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 62.1 59.8 59.6 62.7 61.7 61.4 61.0 60.5 60.3

 Unemployed ............................................................... 7,953 13,009 13,699 7,423 10,221 10,476 11,108 11,616 12,467

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 5.2 8.5 8.9 4.8 6.6 6.8 7.2 7.6 8.1

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 80,306 81,293 81,109 79,311 79,734 80,208 80,588 81,023 80,699

 Persons who currently want a job ............................... 4,689 5,866 5,588 4,777 5,065 5,393 5,488 5,643 5,645

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 112,596 113,573 113,666 112,596 113,546 113,660 113,769 113,573 113,666

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 81,515 81,725 81,959 82,212 82,892 82,666 82,338 81,863 81,994

 Participation rate ..................................................... 72.4 72.0 72.1 73.0 73.0 72.7 72.4 72.1 72.1

 Employed .................................................................... 76,853 73,763 73,441 78,171 76,938 76,577 75,847 75,092 74,777

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 68.3 64.9 64.6 69.4 67.8 67.4 66.7 66.1 65.8

 Unemployed ............................................................... 4,661 7,962 8,517 4,041 5,954 6,089 6,491 6,771 7,217

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 5.7 9.7 10.4 4.9 7.2 7.4 7.9 8.3 8.8

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 31,081 31,848 31,707 30,384 30,654 30,994 31,431 31,710 31,672

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 103,961 104,902 104,999 103,961 104,869 104,978 105,083 104,902 104,999

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 78,378 78,741 78,879 78,806 79,380 79,335 78,998 78,585 78,687

 Participation rate ..................................................... 75.4 75.1 75.1 75.8 75.7 75.6 75.2 74.9 74.9

 Employed .................................................................... 74,365 71,556 71,217 75,395 74,292 74,045 73,285 72,613 72,293

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 71.5 68.2 67.8 72.5 70.8 70.5 69.7 69.2 68.9

 Unemployed ............................................................... 4,013 7,185 7,662 3,412 5,088 5,290 5,714 5,972 6,394

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 5.1 9.1 9.7 4.3 6.4 6.7 7.2 7.6 8.1

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 25,583 26,162 26,120 25,155 25,489 25,643 26,085 26,318 26,312

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 120,213 121,166 121,247 120,213 121,066 121,168 121,266 121,166 121,247

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 70,988 71,721 71,846 71,286 71,986 71,954 72,109 71,853 72,220

 Participation rate ..................................................... 59.1 59.2 59.3 59.3 59.5 59.4 59.5 59.3 59.6

 Employed .................................................................... 67,696 66,674 66,664 67,904 67,720 67,567 67,491 67,007 66,970

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 56.3 55.0 55.0 56.5 55.9 55.8 55.7 55.3 55.2

 Unemployed ............................................................... 3,292 5,047 5,182 3,382 4,267 4,387 4,618 4,845 5,250

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 4.6 7.0 7.2 4.7 5.9 6.1 6.4 6.7 7.3

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 49,225 49,445 49,401 48,927 49,080 49,214 49,157 49,313 49,027

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 111,822 112,738 112,824 111,822 112,633 112,731 112,825 112,738 112,824

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 67,793 68,654 68,738 67,879 68,700 68,753 68,891 68,584 68,917

 Participation rate ..................................................... 60.6 60.9 60.9 60.7 61.0 61.0 61.1 60.8 61.1

 Employed .................................................................... 64,943 64,123 64,106 64,993 64,975 64,902 64,860 64,298 64,271

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 58.1 56.9 56.8 58.1 57.7 57.6 57.5 57.0 57.0

 Unemployed ............................................................... 2,851 4,531 4,632 2,886 3,725 3,851 4,031 4,286 4,646

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 4.2 6.6 6.7 4.3 5.4 5.6 5.9 6.2 6.7

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 44,028 44,085 44,086 43,943 43,933 43,978 43,935 44,154 43,907

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 17,027 17,098 17,090 17,027 17,110 17,118 17,126 17,098 17,090

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 6,331 6,051 6,187 6,813 6,799 6,531 6,557 6,547 6,610

 Participation rate ..................................................... 37.2 35.4 36.2 40.0 39.7 38.2 38.3 38.3 38.7

 Employed .................................................................... 5,242 4,758 4,783 5,688 5,390 5,196 5,194 5,188 5,184

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 30.8 27.8 28.0 33.4 31.5 30.4 30.3 30.3 30.3

 Unemployed ............................................................... 1,089 1,293 1,405 1,125 1,408 1,335 1,363 1,359 1,427

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 17.2 21.4 22.7 16.5 20.7 20.4 20.8 20.8 21.6

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 10,695 11,047 10,903 10,214 10,311 10,587 10,568 10,551 10,480

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Feb.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Feb.

2008

Oct.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

WHITE 

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 188,906 190,225 190,331 188,906 190,085 190,221 190,351 190,225 190,331

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 124,361 125,099 125,528 125,047 126,298 126,029 125,634 125,312 125,703

 Participation rate ....................................................... 65.8 65.8 66.0 66.2 66.4 66.3 66.0 65.9 66.0

 Employed .................................................................... 118,395 115,320 115,182 119,607 118,722 118,226 117,357 116,692 116,481

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 62.7 60.6 60.5 63.3 62.5 62.2 61.7 61.3 61.2

 Unemployed ............................................................... 5,966 9,779 10,346 5,440 7,577 7,803 8,277 8,621 9,222

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 4.8 7.8 8.2 4.4 6.0 6.2 6.6 6.9 7.3

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 64,545 65,126 64,803 63,858 63,787 64,193 64,718 64,913 64,628

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 65,023 65,218 65,342 65,320 65,792 65,762 65,331 65,126 65,180

 Participation rate ....................................................... 75.9 75.5 75.6 76.2 76.2 76.1 75.5 75.4 75.4

 Employed .................................................................... 61,947 59,787 59,471 62,763 61,972 61,761 61,101 60,683 60,361

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 72.3 69.2 68.8 73.2 71.8 71.5 70.7 70.2 69.8

 Unemployed ............................................................... 3,075 5,431 5,872 2,557 3,821 4,001 4,230 4,443 4,819

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 4.7 8.3 9.0 3.9 5.8 6.1 6.5 6.8 7.4

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 54,149 54,882 54,995 54,120 54,891 54,810 54,878 54,786 54,967

 Participation rate ....................................................... 60.1 60.5 60.6 60.1 60.6 60.4 60.5 60.4 60.5

 Employed .................................................................... 52,055 51,494 51,585 52,043 52,178 52,014 51,846 51,601 51,624

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 57.8 56.7 56.8 57.7 57.6 57.3 57.1 56.9 56.9

 Unemployed ............................................................... 2,094 3,388 3,411 2,077 2,714 2,796 3,031 3,185 3,344

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 3.9 6.2 6.2 3.8 4.9 5.1 5.5 5.8 6.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 5,189 4,999 5,190 5,608 5,615 5,457 5,425 5,400 5,556

 Participation rate ....................................................... 39.7 38.2 39.7 42.9 42.9 41.6 41.4 41.3 42.5

 Employed .................................................................... 4,393 4,039 4,126 4,802 4,572 4,451 4,409 4,408 4,497

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 33.6 30.9 31.5 36.8 34.9 34.0 33.6 33.7 34.4

 Unemployed ............................................................... 796 960 1,064 806 1,043 1,006 1,016 993 1,059

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 15.3 19.2 20.5 14.4 18.6 18.4 18.7 18.4 19.1

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN 

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 27,675 28,052 28,085 27,675 27,982 28,021 28,059 28,052 28,085

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 17,412 17,629 17,534 17,633 17,768 17,708 17,796 17,791 17,703

 Participation rate ....................................................... 62.9 62.8 62.4 63.7 63.5 63.2 63.4 63.4 63.0

 Employed .................................................................... 15,947 15,274 15,108 16,156 15,762 15,703 15,674 15,546 15,336

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 57.6 54.4 53.8 58.4 56.3 56.0 55.9 55.4 54.6

 Unemployed ............................................................... 1,465 2,355 2,426 1,477 2,006 2,005 2,122 2,245 2,368

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 8.4 13.4 13.8 8.4 11.3 11.3 11.9 12.6 13.4

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 10,263 10,423 10,551 10,042 10,214 10,313 10,263 10,261 10,382

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 7,854 7,962 7,904 7,943 7,961 7,954 7,999 7,979 7,949

 Participation rate ....................................................... 70.6 70.6 70.0 71.4 70.7 70.5 70.8 70.7 70.4

 Employed .................................................................... 7,178 6,702 6,632 7,306 7,019 6,989 6,930 6,850 6,762

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 64.6 59.4 58.7 65.7 62.3 62.0 61.4 60.7 59.9

 Unemployed ............................................................... 676 1,260 1,273 637 942 965 1,069 1,129 1,187

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 8.6 15.8 16.1 8.0 11.8 12.1 13.4 14.1 14.9

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 8,805 8,957 8,944 8,862 9,016 9,069 9,060 9,022 9,006

 Participation rate ....................................................... 63.4 63.6 63.4 63.8 64.2 64.5 64.4 64.1 63.9

 Employed .................................................................... 8,238 8,121 8,052 8,285 8,213 8,249 8,256 8,194 8,115

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 59.3 57.7 57.1 59.6 58.5 58.7 58.7 58.2 57.6

 Unemployed ............................................................... 566 836 891 577 804 820 804 828 890

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 6.4 9.3 10.0 6.5 8.9 9.0 8.9 9.2 9.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 753 710 686 828 790 685 736 790 749

 Participation rate ....................................................... 28.3 26.4 25.5 31.1 29.4 25.5 27.4 29.4 27.8

 Employed .................................................................... 531 451 424 565 531 464 488 502 459

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 19.9 16.7 15.8 21.2 19.8 17.3 18.1 18.6 17.0

 Unemployed ............................................................... 222 259 262 264 260 221 248 288 290

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 29.5 36.5 38.2 31.8 32.9 32.2 33.7 36.5 38.8

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Feb.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Feb.

2008

Oct.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

ASIAN 

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 10,712 10,745 10,753 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 7,159 7,023 7,086 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ....................................................... 66.8 65.4 65.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .................................................................... 6,942 6,588 6,597 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 64.8 61.3 61.4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ............................................................... 217 435 489 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 3.0 6.2 6.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 3,553 3,722 3,667 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore,

identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in

table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population

controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Feb.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Feb.

2008

Oct.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 31,732 32,417 32,501 31,732 32,465 32,558 32,649 32,417 32,501

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 21,628 21,868 22,044 21,764 22,187 22,074 22,134 21,931 22,100

 Participation rate ....................................................... 68.2 67.5 67.8 68.6 68.3 67.8 67.8 67.7 68.0

 Employed .................................................................... 20,146 19,453 19,388 20,395 20,232 20,168 20,096 19,800 19,684

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 63.5 60.0 59.7 64.3 62.3 61.9 61.6 61.1 60.6

 Unemployed ............................................................... 1,482 2,415 2,657 1,369 1,955 1,906 2,038 2,132 2,416

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 6.9 11.0 12.1 6.3 8.8 8.6 9.2 9.7 10.9

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 10,105 10,549 10,457 9,968 10,278 10,484 10,515 10,486 10,401

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 12,428 12,524 12,557 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ....................................................... 84.1 83.1 83.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .................................................................... 11,625 11,146 11,027 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 78.7 73.9 72.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ............................................................... 804 1,378 1,530 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 6.5 11.0 12.2 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 8,093 8,366 8,438 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ....................................................... 58.0 58.7 59.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .................................................................... 7,620 7,566 7,578 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 54.6 53.1 53.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ............................................................... 472 800 860 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 5.8 9.6 10.2 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 1,107 978 1,050 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ....................................................... 37.0 31.7 34.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .................................................................... 901 741 782 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 30.1 24.0 25.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ............................................................... 205 238 267 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 18.6 24.3 25.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore,

identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of

any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

(Numbers in thousands)

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Feb.

2008

Oct.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force .......................................................... 11,898 12,192 11,898 12,112 12,390 12,185 12,108 12,024 11,955

 Participation rate ......................................................... 45.5 46.6 46.1 46.3 48.3 47.2 46.4 45.9 46.4

 Employed ...................................................................... 10,878 10,437 10,097 11,221 11,106 10,899 10,793 10,577 10,445

 Employment-population ratio ...................................... 41.6 39.9 39.2 42.9 43.3 42.2 41.4 40.4 40.5

 Unemployed ................................................................. 1,020 1,755 1,801 891 1,284 1,286 1,315 1,446 1,510

 Unemployment rate .................................................... 8.6 14.4 15.1 7.4 10.4 10.6 10.9 12.0 12.6

High school graduates, no college 1

Civilian labor force .......................................................... 38,002 39,009 38,497 38,064 38,428 38,271 38,656 38,675 38,463

 Participation rate ......................................................... 62.5 62.9 62.3 62.6 62.6 62.3 62.5 62.4 62.2

 Employed ...................................................................... 35,954 35,394 34,791 36,287 35,939 35,643 35,683 35,599 35,270

 Employment-population ratio ...................................... 59.1 57.1 56.3 59.7 58.5 58.1 57.6 57.4 57.1

 Unemployed ................................................................. 2,048 3,616 3,706 1,777 2,489 2,628 2,972 3,075 3,193

 Unemployment rate .................................................... 5.4 9.3 9.6 4.7 6.5 6.9 7.7 8.0 8.3

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force .......................................................... 36,237 36,366 37,267 36,379 36,820 37,120 37,049 36,693 37,362

 Participation rate ......................................................... 71.6 71.4 71.9 71.9 71.5 71.6 72.0 72.0 72.1

 Employed ...................................................................... 34,766 33,870 34,421 35,007 34,867 35,077 34,969 34,433 34,738

 Employment-population ratio ...................................... 68.7 66.5 66.4 69.2 67.7 67.7 68.0 67.6 67.1

 Unemployed ................................................................. 1,471 2,496 2,846 1,372 1,954 2,043 2,080 2,260 2,624

 Unemployment rate .................................................... 4.1 6.9 7.6 3.8 5.3 5.5 5.6 6.2 7.0

Bachelor’s degree and higher 2

Civilian labor force .......................................................... 45,339 45,132 45,078 45,244 45,454 45,232 45,182 45,208 45,027

 Participation rate ......................................................... 78.3 77.6 77.7 78.1 77.7 77.7 77.9 77.8 77.6

 Employed ...................................................................... 44,405 43,269 43,190 44,311 44,044 43,794 43,517 43,474 43,177

 Employment-population ratio ...................................... 76.7 74.4 74.5 76.5 75.3 75.3 75.0 74.8 74.4

 Unemployed ................................................................. 934 1,863 1,888 933 1,410 1,438 1,665 1,735 1,850

 Unemployment rate .................................................... 2.1 4.1 4.2 2.1 3.1 3.2 3.7 3.8 4.1

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. 

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

(In thousands)

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Feb.

2008

Oct.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries ................................... 1,999 1,988 1,961 2,208 2,177 2,206 2,191 2,149 2,148

 Wage and salary workers ............................................. 1,173 1,106 1,126 1,311 1,313 1,267 1,264 1,233 1,244

 Self-employed workers ................................................. 808 860 817 865 827 915 925 903 875

 Unpaid family workers .................................................. 18 22 18 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Nonagricultural industries ............................................... 142,551 138,449 138,144 143,878 142,566 141,901 141,047 139,952 139,579

 Wage and salary workers ............................................. 133,159 129,888 129,232 134,277 133,694 132,983 132,082 131,110 130,465

 Government ................................................................ 21,209 21,142 21,158 21,219 21,539 21,431 21,395 21,237 21,192

 Private industries ........................................................ 111,950 108,746 108,075 113,052 112,170 111,542 110,684 109,997 109,311

 Private households ................................................... 763 749 719 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

 Other industries ........................................................ 111,187 107,997 107,356 112,283 111,279 110,677 109,863 109,217 108,574

 Self-employed workers ................................................. 9,292 8,520 8,859 9,418 8,852 8,816 8,940 8,816 8,962

 Unpaid family workers .................................................. 100 41 53 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 2

All industries:

Part time for economic reasons .................................. 5,114 8,829 9,170 4,890 6,848 7,323 8,038 7,839 8,626

 Slack work or business conditions ........................... 3,534 6,909 7,067 3,294 4,953 5,399 6,020 5,766 6,443

 Could only find part-time work ................................. 1,260 1,593 1,827 1,241 1,514 1,585 1,617 1,667 1,764

Part time for noneconomic reasons ............................ 19,847 19,051 19,296 19,317 19,083 18,886 18,922 18,864 18,855

Nonagricultural industries:

Part time for economic reasons .................................. 5,007 8,675 9,053 4,790 6,742 7,209 7,932 7,705 8,543

 Slack work or business conditions ........................... 3,459 6,797 6,989 3,234 4,889 5,304 5,938 5,660 6,390

 Could only find part-time work ................................. 1,255 1,583 1,822 1,230 1,499 1,579 1,619 1,658 1,760

Part time for noneconomic reasons ............................ 19,524 18,734 18,977 18,980 18,808 18,635 18,642 18,567 18,562

1 Data not available. 2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their

jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or

industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who

usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for

reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the

various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Selected employment indicators

(In thousands)

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Feb.

2008

Oct.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over ................................................. 144,550 140,436 140,105 146,075 144,657 144,144 143,338 142,099 141,748

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 5,242 4,758 4,783 5,688 5,390 5,196 5,194 5,188 5,184

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 1,884 1,547 1,667 2,105 1,933 1,791 1,779 1,741 1,854

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 3,358 3,210 3,116 3,597 3,469 3,408 3,413 3,441 3,348

 20 years and over ......................................................... 139,308 135,679 135,323 140,388 139,267 138,948 138,144 136,911 136,564

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 13,304 12,709 12,823 13,627 13,528 13,443 13,374 13,050 13,157

 25 years and over ....................................................... 126,003 122,970 122,500 126,687 125,833 125,422 124,748 123,911 123,302

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 99,503 95,921 95,530 100,105 98,803 98,373 97,651 96,693 96,255

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 31,307 30,060 30,003 31,617 31,122 31,070 30,864 30,449 30,369

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 33,741 32,034 31,844 33,871 33,176 32,883 32,691 32,308 31,999

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 34,456 33,827 33,683 34,618 34,505 34,420 34,097 33,936 33,888

 55 years and over ..................................................... 26,500 27,049 26,970 26,581 27,029 27,049 27,096 27,218 27,047

Men, 16 years and over .................................................. 76,853 73,763 73,441 78,171 76,938 76,577 75,847 75,092 74,777

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 2,488 2,207 2,224 2,777 2,646 2,531 2,562 2,479 2,484

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 827 695 716 968 895 800 847 818 837

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 1,662 1,512 1,508 1,798 1,751 1,728 1,712 1,654 1,640

 20 years and over ......................................................... 74,365 71,556 71,217 75,395 74,292 74,045 73,285 72,613 72,293

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 6,996 6,458 6,565 7,215 6,974 6,965 6,863 6,723 6,784

 25 years and over ....................................................... 67,369 65,098 64,652 68,149 67,372 67,039 66,456 65,879 65,479

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 53,417 50,844 50,461 54,036 53,090 52,740 52,128 51,480 51,125

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 17,042 16,189 16,111 17,356 17,064 16,979 16,789 16,461 16,449

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 18,255 17,226 16,989 18,399 17,962 17,816 17,663 17,452 17,144

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 18,120 17,429 17,360 18,281 18,065 17,944 17,676 17,567 17,532

 55 years and over ..................................................... 13,952 14,253 14,191 14,113 14,282 14,299 14,328 14,399 14,354

Women, 16 years and over ............................................ 67,696 66,674 66,664 67,904 67,720 67,567 67,491 67,007 66,970

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 2,754 2,551 2,559 2,911 2,744 2,665 2,632 2,709 2,699

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 1,058 853 951 1,137 1,038 990 932 923 1,017

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 1,696 1,699 1,607 1,799 1,718 1,680 1,701 1,787 1,708

 20 years and over ......................................................... 64,943 64,123 64,106 64,993 64,975 64,902 64,860 64,298 64,271

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 6,308 6,250 6,258 6,412 6,553 6,478 6,510 6,327 6,372

 25 years and over ....................................................... 58,634 57,872 57,848 58,538 58,460 58,383 58,292 58,032 57,823

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 46,086 45,077 45,069 46,070 45,713 45,634 45,523 45,213 45,131

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 14,265 13,871 13,892 14,261 14,058 14,091 14,075 13,988 13,920

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 15,486 14,808 14,854 15,472 15,215 15,067 15,027 14,856 14,855

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 16,336 16,398 16,322 16,337 16,440 16,476 16,421 16,369 16,356

 55 years and over ..................................................... 12,548 12,795 12,778 12,468 12,747 12,750 12,769 12,819 12,693

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present ......................................... 45,949 44,425 44,248 46,146 45,787 45,610 45,182 44,712 44,502

Married women, spouse present .................................... 35,727 35,325 35,550 35,720 35,590 35,649 35,632 35,375 35,563

Women who maintain families ........................................ 9,051 8,751 8,705 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers 2 ......................................................... 119,452 113,815 112,947 121,374 119,304 118,413 116,865 115,794 114,853

Part-time workers 3 ......................................................... 25,098 26,621 27,158 24,688 25,452 25,577 26,250 26,200 26,590

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders ................................................. 7,610 7,258 7,676 7,607 7,551 7,410 7,352 7,441 7,626

 Percent of total employed ........................................... 5.3 5.2 5.5 5.2 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.4

1 Data not available. 2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more

per week. 3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35

hours per week.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the

various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates 1

Feb.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Feb.

2008

Oct.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over ................................................. 7,423 11,616 12,467 4.8 6.6 6.8 7.2 7.6 8.1

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 1,125 1,359 1,427 16.5 20.7 20.4 20.8 20.8 21.6

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 478 473 552 18.5 23.1 24.1 24.1 21.4 22.9

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 658 868 888 15.5 18.4 18.3 19.1 20.2 21.0

 20 years and over ......................................................... 6,298 10,258 11,040 4.3 6.0 6.2 6.6 7.0 7.5

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 1,340 1,801 1,943 9.0 10.6 11.1 12.1 12.1 12.9

 25 years and over ....................................................... 4,998 8,490 9,076 3.8 5.3 5.6 6.0 6.4 6.9

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 4,111 6,981 7,466 3.9 5.5 5.8 6.3 6.7 7.2

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 1,620 2,608 2,883 4.9 6.7 7.0 7.5 7.9 8.7

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 1,278 2,255 2,346 3.6 5.4 5.4 5.9 6.5 6.8

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 1,212 2,118 2,237 3.4 4.6 5.1 5.5 5.9 6.2

 55 years and over ..................................................... 886 1,481 1,603 3.2 4.6 4.8 4.9 5.2 5.6

Men, 16 years and over .................................................. 4,041 6,771 7,217 4.9 7.2 7.4 7.9 8.3 8.8

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 630 799 823 18.5 24.7 24.0 23.3 24.4 24.9

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 250 295 301 20.5 27.3 28.8 27.0 26.5 26.5

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 390 488 537 17.8 21.7 21.2 21.5 22.8 24.7

 20 years and over ......................................................... 3,412 5,972 6,394 4.3 6.4 6.7 7.2 7.6 8.1

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 795 1,100 1,160 9.9 12.9 12.9 14.2 14.1 14.6

 25 years and over ....................................................... 2,674 4,892 5,275 3.8 5.6 5.9 6.4 6.9 7.5

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 2,203 4,083 4,356 3.9 5.8 6.1 6.7 7.3 7.9

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 906 1,589 1,720 5.0 7.1 7.5 8.3 8.8 9.5

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 654 1,231 1,323 3.4 5.6 5.4 5.9 6.6 7.2

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 643 1,262 1,313 3.4 4.8 5.6 6.1 6.7 7.0

 55 years and over ..................................................... 470 809 919 3.2 4.7 5.1 5.1 5.3 6.0

Women, 16 years and over ............................................ 3,382 4,845 5,250 4.7 5.9 6.1 6.4 6.7 7.3

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 496 559 604 14.5 16.5 16.7 18.2 17.1 18.3

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 229 178 250 16.7 19.2 19.7 21.2 16.2 19.8

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 268 380 351 13.0 14.7 15.1 16.6 17.5 17.0

 20 years and over ......................................................... 2,886 4,286 4,646 4.3 5.4 5.6 5.9 6.2 6.7

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 545 701 783 7.8 8.1 9.2 9.8 10.0 10.9

 25 years and over ....................................................... 2,324 3,598 3,801 3.8 5.1 5.2 5.4 5.8 6.2

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 1,908 2,898 3,110 4.0 5.2 5.4 5.7 6.0 6.4

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 715 1,018 1,163 4.8 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.8 7.7

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 624 1,024 1,023 3.9 5.2 5.4 5.8 6.4 6.4

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 569 856 924 3.4 4.4 4.6 4.9 5.0 5.3

 55 years and over 2 .................................................. 432 729 717 3.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 5.4 5.3

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present ......................................... 1,281 2,330 2,574 2.7 4.1 4.2 4.4 5.0 5.5

Married women, spouse present .................................... 1,134 1,750 1,918 3.1 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.7 5.1

Women who maintain families 2 ..................................... 655 1,010 1,003 6.7 8.8 9.3 9.5 10.3 10.3

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers 3 ......................................................... 6,112 10,057 10,839 4.8 6.8 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6

Part-time workers 4 ......................................................... 1,297 1,646 1,635 5.0 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.9 5.8

1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. 2 Not seasonally adjusted. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to

work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to

work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the

various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Feb.

2008

Oct.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs 4,471 8,633 9,098 3,865 5,811 6,156 6,471 6,980 7,696

On temporary layoff .................................................... 1,351 2,251 2,052 982 1,367 1,413 1,524 1,441 1,488

Not on temporary layoff .............................................. 3,120 6,382 7,047 2,883 4,443 4,744 4,946 5,539 6,208

Permanent job losers .............................................. 2,204 4,923 5,466 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Persons who completed temporary jobs ................ 916 1,460 1,581 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Job leavers ..................................................................... 802 920 841 780 946 940 1,007 917 820

Reentrants ...................................................................... 2,139 2,791 2,929 2,096 2,650 2,655 2,777 2,751 2,834

New entrants .................................................................. 542 665 830 660 825 760 829 780 1,005

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ........................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Job losers and persons who completed temporary

jobs ............................................................................. 56.2 66.4 66.4 52.2 56.8 58.6 58.4 61.1 62.3

On temporary layoff .................................................. 17.0 17.3 15.0 13.3 13.4 13.4 13.8 12.6 12.0

Not on temporary layoff ............................................ 39.2 49.1 51.4 39.0 43.4 45.1 44.6 48.5 50.2

Job leavers ................................................................... 10.1 7.1 6.1 10.5 9.2 8.9 9.1 8.0 6.6

Reentrants .................................................................... 26.9 21.5 21.4 28.3 25.9 25.3 25.1 24.1 22.9

New entrants ................................................................ 6.8 5.1 6.1 8.9 8.1 7.2 7.5 6.8 8.1

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary

jobs ............................................................................. 2.9 5.6 5.9 2.5 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.5 5.0

Job leavers ................................................................... .5 .6 .5 .5 .6 .6 .7 .6 .5

Reentrants .................................................................... 1.4 1.8 1.9 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8

New entrants ................................................................ .4 .4 .5 .4 .5 .5 .5 .5 .7

1 Data not available.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Feb.

2008

Oct.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks .............................................................................. 2,530 4,137 3,247 2,661 3,108 3,255 3,267 3,658 3,404

5 to 14 weeks ..................................................................................... 2,854 4,044 4,778 2,419 3,055 3,141 3,398 3,519 3,969

15 weeks and over ............................................................................. 2,570 4,828 5,673 2,400 4,109 3,964 4,517 4,634 5,264

 15 to 26 weeks ................................................................................ 1,212 2,086 2,611 1,103 1,834 1,757 1,927 1,987 2,347

 27 weeks and over .......................................................................... 1,358 2,742 3,063 1,297 2,275 2,207 2,591 2,647 2,917

Average (mean) duration, in weeks .................................................... 16.8 18.8 19.9 16.6 19.8 18.9 19.7 19.8 19.8

Median duration, in weeks .................................................................. 8.9 10.0 11.7 8.4 10.6 10.0 10.6 10.3 11.0

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ............................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

 Less than 5 weeks ............................................................................ 31.8 31.8 23.7 35.6 30.3 31.4 29.2 31.0 26.9

 5 to 14 weeks ................................................................................... 35.9 31.1 34.9 32.3 29.7 30.3 30.4 29.8 31.4

 15 weeks and over ........................................................................... 32.3 37.1 41.4 32.1 40.0 38.3 40.4 39.2 41.7

 15 to 26 weeks ............................................................................... 15.2 16.0 19.1 14.7 17.9 17.0 17.2 16.8 18.6

 27 weeks and over ......................................................................... 17.1 21.1 22.4 17.3 22.1 21.3 23.2 22.4 23.1

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Feb.

2008

Feb.

2009

Feb.

2008

Feb.

2009

Feb.

2008

Feb.

2009

 Total, 16 years and over 1 ....................................................... 144,550 140,105 7,953 13,699 5.2 8.9

Management, professional, and related occupations ............. 52,498 52,196 1,159 2,137 2.2 3.9

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations ................................................................................ 21,732 21,668 503 1,018 2.3 4.5

 Professional and related occupations ...................................... 30,766 30,528 656 1,119 2.1 3.5

Service occupations ....................................................................... 23,493 24,110 1,694 2,415 6.7 9.1

Sales and office occupations ....................................................... 35,849 34,161 1,790 2,983 4.8 8.0

 Sales and related occupations .................................................. 16,439 15,676 896 1,438 5.2 8.4

 Office and administrative support occupations ...................... 19,410 18,485 894 1,545 4.4 7.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations .................................................................................... 14,653 13,191 1,473 2,845 9.1 17.7

 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................. 931 821 128 238 12.1 22.5

 Construction and extraction occupations ................................ 8,674 7,328 1,150 2,163 11.7 22.8

 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ................ 5,049 5,041 196 445 3.7 8.1

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations .................................................................................... 18,057 16,448 1,280 2,469 6.6 13.1

 Production occupations .............................................................. 9,209 7,868 595 1,246 6.1 13.7

 Transportation and material moving occupations ................. 8,848 8,580 685 1,223 7.2 12.5

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Feb.

2008

Feb.

2009

Feb.

2008

Feb.

2009

 Total, 16 years and over 1 .................................................... 7,953 13,699 5.2 8.9

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers .................... 6,564 11,469 5.5 9.6

 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction ......................... 16 63 2.2 7.6

 Construction .................................................................................. 1,118 2,025 11.4 21.4

 Manufacturing ............................................................................... 820 1,822 5.0 11.5

 Durable goods ............................................................................ 481 1,219 4.6 11.9

 Nondurable goods ..................................................................... 339 603 5.7 10.8

 Wholesale and retail trade ......................................................... 1,007 1,847 4.9 8.9

 Transportation and utilities ......................................................... 289 563 4.6 9.1

 Information ..................................................................................... 193 224 5.8 7.1

 Financial activities ........................................................................ 323 637 3.4 6.7

 Professional and business services ......................................... 866 1,512 6.2 10.8

 Education and health services .................................................. 562 847 2.9 4.1

 Leisure and hospitality ................................................................ 1,056 1,477 8.5 11.4

 Other services ............................................................................... 313 453 5.1 7.3

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers ...... 135 251 10.9 18.8

Government workers ..................................................................... 372 563 1.7 2.6

Self employed and unpaid family workers ................................. 340 586 3.2 5.7

1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2009 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2007

Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2007 North American Industry Classification

System. No historical data have been revised.

Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

(Percent)

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Feb.

2008

Oct.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the

civilian labor force ..................................................................... 1.7 3.1 3.7 1.6 2.7 2.6 2.9 3.0 3.4

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a

percent of the civilian labor force .............................................. 2.9 5.6 5.9 2.5 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.5 5.0

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force

(official unemployment rate) ................................................. 5.2 8.5 8.9 4.8 6.6 6.8 7.2 7.6 8.1

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the

civilian labor force plus discouraged workers ........................... 5.5 8.9 9.3 5.1 6.9 7.1 7.6 8.0 8.5

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other

marginally attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus all marginally attached workers ................................ 6.2 9.7 10.1 5.8 7.6 7.9 8.3 8.8 9.3

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus

total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent

of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers 9.5 15.4 16.0 9.0 12.0 12.6 13.5 13.9 14.8

NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither

working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job

and have looked for work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a

subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not

looking currently for a job. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are

those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a

part-time schedule. For more information, see "BLS introduces new range of

alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly

Labor Review. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Category

Total Men Women

Feb.

2008

Feb.

2009

Feb.

2008

Feb.

2009

Feb.

2008

Feb.

2009

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force .................................................................. 80,306 81,109 31,081 31,707 49,225 49,401

 Persons who currently want a job ...................................................... 4,689 5,588 2,073 2,633 2,616 2,956

Marginally attached to the labor force 1 ........................................ 1,585 2,051 775 1,051 810 1,000

Reason not currently looking:

Discouragement over job prospects 2 .................................. 396 731 248 450 148 281

Reasons other than discouragement 3 ................................. 1,189 1,320 527 601 662 719

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders 4 .................................................................. 7,610 7,676 3,682 3,703 3,928 3,973

 Percent of total employed ............................................................... 5.3 5.5 4.8 5.0 5.8 6.0

 Primary job full time, secondary job part time ................................. 4,157 4,054 2,256 2,107 1,901 1,947

 Primary and secondary jobs both part time .................................... 1,792 1,886 529 628 1,263 1,258

 Primary and secondary jobs both full time ...................................... 255 235 166 154 89 80

 Hours vary on primary or secondary job ......................................... 1,371 1,437 713 777 658 660

1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and

were available to take a job during the reference week. 2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training,

employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such

reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as

well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their

secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Feb. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2008

 Oct. 

2008

 Nov. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2009p

Change

from:

Jan. 2009-

Feb. 2009p

Total nonfarm ............................. 136,356 135,917 132,347 132,099 137,936 136,352 135,755 135,074 134,419 133,768 -651

Total private ........................................ 113,620 113,023 109,882 109,234 115,515 113,813 113,212 112,542 111,856 111,196 -660

Goods-producing ............................................ 21,292 20,469 19,586 19,262 21,887 21,063 20,814 20,532 20,153 19,877 -276

Mining and logging ................................................... 731 786 766 759 750 794 793 789 785 781 -4

Logging ........................................................... 56.5 56.1 54.8 56.1 58.2 56.6 56.6 55.7 56.4 56.8 .4

Mining .................................................................... 674.3 730.3 710.7 702.5 691.7 737.7 736.8 733.3 728.9 724.2 -4.7

Oil and gas extraction ........................................ 153.5 169.3 168.7 167.6 154.9 166.5 167.4 169.4 168.7 169.1 .4

Mining, except oil and gas1................................. 212.1 225.0 216.2 212.7 223.7 230.5 230.7 229.2 228.1 226.1 -2.0

Coal mining ...................................................... 77.0 85.1 84.5 83.9 77.6 83.1 84.3 84.5 85.0 84.7 -.3

Support activities for mining .............................. 308.7 336.0 325.8 322.2 313.1 340.7 338.7 334.7 332.1 329.0 -3.1

Construction ............................................................. 6,983 6,739 6,298 6,150 7,445 7,066 6,939 6,841 6,723 6,619 -104

Construction of buildings ................................... 1,639.3 1,571.6 1,472.2 1,429.5 1,716.5 1,609.9 1,588.4 1,572.9 1,535.1 1,502.7 -32.4

Residential building ......................................... 830.5 772.4 717.5 695.8 873.8 795.6 781.7 769.4 753.9 738.3 -15.6

Nonresidential building .................................... 808.8 799.2 754.7 733.7 842.7 814.3 806.7 803.5 781.2 764.4 -16.8

Heavy and civil engineering construction ........ 890.5 897.0 822.7 816.9 997.3 952.6 942.5 933.2 929.0 923.8 -5.2

Specialty trade contractors ............................... 4,453.4 4,270.1 4,002.7 3,903.9 4,731.4 4,503.9 4,408.5 4,335.2 4,258.7 4,192.0 -66.7

Residential specialty trade contractors ........... 1,992.8 1,851.1 1,728.5 1,688.0 2,124.3 1,975.5 1,921.6 1,883.6 1,841.8 1,806.3 -35.5

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors ..... 2,460.6 2,419.0 2,274.2 2,215.9 2,607.1 2,528.4 2,486.9 2,451.6 2,416.9 2,385.7 -31.2

Manufacturing ........................................................... 13,578 12,944 12,522 12,353 13,692 13,203 13,082 12,902 12,645 12,477 -168

Production workers ....................................... 9,787 9,202 8,857 8,729 9,886 9,425 9,322 9,174 8,959 8,827 -132

Durable goods ....................................................... 8,615 8,126 7,811 7,685 8,673 8,300 8,216 8,085 7,879 7,747 -132

Production workers ....................................... 6,124 5,663 5,409 5,315 6,176 5,805 5,741 5,633 5,462 5,358 -104

Wood products ................................................... 474.3 416.3 392.6 374.4 486.2 438.8 429.8 416.2 400.6 385.6 -15.0

Nonmetallic mineral products ............................ 466.1 436.6 414.8 404.3 484.2 458.2 450.1 441.2 433.5 423.5 -10.0

Primary metals .................................................... 451.0 421.4 410.6 392.2 450.8 438.6 429.8 419.6 407.9 392.7 -15.2

Fabricated metal products ................................. 1,549.5 1,467.8 1,418.6 1,388.7 1,558.6 1,505.0 1,486.3 1,461.5 1,424.4 1,396.9 -27.5

Machinery ........................................................... 1,186.9 1,159.2 1,123.0 1,093.9 1,190.5 1,179.3 1,162.7 1,150.2 1,125.2 1,099.9 -25.3

1 Computer and electronic products .................... 1,250.9 1,227.9 1,212.7 1,196.9 1,254.7 1,239.8 1,233.3 1,223.7 1,213.3 1,200.2 -13.1

Computer and peripheral equipment ............. 183.2 180.7 179.9 175.7 184.0 182.4 181.8 180.0 180.4 177.3 -3.1

Communications equipment ........................... 127.3 129.4 130.9 130.2 127.5 128.6 129.5 129.1 129.6 129.4 -.2

Semiconductors and electronic components . 437.0 419.4 410.0 402.6 439.2 428.4 423.2 417.4 410.5 403.9 -6.6

Electronic instruments ..................................... 440.0 438.1 433.4 431.1 440.1 440.2 438.8 437.5 433.9 431.9 -2.0

Electrical equipment and appliances ................ 425.5 412.8 406.1 399.8 427.9 421.3 417.5 412.0 407.4 402.9 -4.5

1 Transportation equipment .................................. 1,675.6 1,518.5 1,399.9 1,419.6 1,676.7 1,531.3 1,532.5 1,501.8 1,425.5 1,420.4 -5.1

Motor vehicles and parts2................................. 944.4 797.0 689.1 713.6 945.2 829.7 809.6 781.5 712.5 711.3 -1.2

Furniture and related products .......................... 501.5 441.2 424.4 413.1 507.3 458.8 449.6 440.6 428.9 417.5 -11.4

Miscellaneous manufacturing ............................ 634.1 623.8 607.9 602.5 636.4 628.5 624.2 618.4 612.0 606.9 -5.1

Nondurable goods ................................................. 4,963 4,818 4,711 4,668 5,019 4,903 4,866 4,817 4,766 4,730 -36

Production workers ....................................... 3,663 3,539 3,448 3,414 3,710 3,620 3,581 3,541 3,497 3,469 -28

Food manufacturing ........................................... 1,462.6 1,482.6 1,449.0 1,441.0 1,489.7 1,484.7 1,489.0 1,477.6 1,472.7 1,469.9 -2.8

Beverages and tobacco products ...................... 191.5 193.1 189.2 185.0 196.7 197.2 196.4 195.8 194.0 191.0 -3.0

Textile mills ......................................................... 160.1 136.0 133.7 130.1 161.2 145.6 140.6 136.8 134.0 131.2 -2.8

Textile product mills ........................................... 149.8 142.2 137.6 133.5 150.7 144.5 143.5 141.2 138.6 136.2 -2.4

Apparel ................................................................ 203.1 181.7 173.8 175.8 205.7 192.8 187.1 183.5 179.6 178.7 -.9

Leather and allied products ............................... 33.0 32.7 32.4 31.1 33.2 33.9 32.6 32.6 32.4 31.7 -.7

Paper and paper products ................................. 448.9 434.6 427.1 419.5 451.0 439.7 437.1 433.4 427.7 422.6 -5.1

Printing and related support activities ............... 603.8 569.9 555.7 548.3 608.2 582.3 574.1 567.0 559.2 552.7 -6.5

Petroleum and coal products ............................. 112.5 114.0 109.8 110.5 116.4 117.8 117.2 116.9 114.2 114.7 .5

Chemicals ........................................................... 852.7 836.7 828.7 828.4 855.8 843.4 842.6 837.1 833.6 831.7 -1.9

Plastics and rubber products ............................. 744.7 694.9 673.6 665.2 750.1 721.1 705.9 694.9 680.1 669.9 -10.2

See footnotes at the end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Feb. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2008

 Oct. 

2008

 Nov. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2009p

Change

from:

Jan. 2009-

Feb. 2009p

Service-providing .............................................. 115,064 115,448 112,761 112,837 116,049 115,289 114,941 114,542 114,266 113,891 -375

Private service-providing ............................... 92,328 92,554 90,296 89,972 93,628 92,750 92,398 92,010 91,703 91,319 -384

Trade, transportation, and utilities ........................... 26,246 26,475 25,536 25,199 26,655 26,157 26,005 25,843 25,739 25,615 -124

Wholesale trade .................................................... 5,969.2 5,864.1 5,771.2 5,728.2 6,021.2 5,920.1 5,890.3 5,850.7 5,819.3 5,782.3 -37.0

Durable goods .................................................... 3,080.9 2,986.0 2,942.7 2,905.6 3,101.0 3,026.1 3,004.9 2,978.6 2,957.8 2,926.4 -31.4

Nondurable goods .............................................. 2,041.5 2,028.2 1,984.1 1,982.4 2,067.9 2,040.5 2,033.6 2,025.1 2,013.5 2,011.1 -2.4

Electronic markets and agents and brokers ..... 846.8 849.9 844.4 840.2 852.3 853.5 851.8 847.0 848.0 844.8 -3.2

Retail trade ............................................................ 15,225.6 15,594.7 14,878.7 14,659.1 15,526.1 15,216.8 15,126.0 15,037.9 14,999.4 14,959.9 -39.5

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1........................ 1,867.2 1,728.7 1,695.0 1,688.0 1,894.6 1,792.7 1,770.5 1,745.6 1,731.6 1,718.3 -13.3

Automobile dealers ......................................... 1,217.2 1,090.3 1,070.5 1,066.2 1,229.8 1,141.7 1,121.2 1,099.9 1,089.2 1,080.2 -9.0

Furniture and home furnishings stores ............. 552.1 539.0 510.3 493.2 558.5 532.4 522.6 514.2 506.8 498.6 -8.2

Electronics and appliance stores ....................... 547.1 561.3 538.4 535.1 551.2 545.1 541.5 538.6 540.3 542.1 1.8

Building material and garden supply stores ...... 1,217.8 1,196.7 1,161.1 1,157.4 1,271.9 1,245.9 1,235.8 1,227.8 1,217.6 1,211.1 -6.5

Food and beverage stores ................................. 2,846.3 2,867.1 2,821.6 2,804.1 2,872.0 2,851.9 2,843.5 2,835.1 2,834.1 2,826.9 -7.2

Health and personal care stores ....................... 1,002.5 1,009.4 985.7 981.1 1,006.7 995.9 989.4 991.2 985.3 986.1 .8

Gasoline stations ................................................ 843.0 833.1 824.1 821.2 854.6 836.1 836.9 834.4 833.0 832.4 -.6

Clothing and clothing accessories stores ......... 1,434.7 1,592.9 1,443.2 1,391.6 1,497.7 1,471.5 1,462.2 1,448.5 1,449.3 1,449.4 .1

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores ................................................................ 649.6 682.9 635.2 597.4 660.0 641.2 633.1 624.3 620.3 611.7 -8.6

1 General merchandise stores ............................. 2,984.4 3,271.8 3,033.4 2,971.0 3,058.1 3,025.5 3,024.5 3,029.2 3,038.7 3,046.4 7.7

Department stores .......................................... 1,540.3 1,700.6 1,540.8 1,496.4 1,588.2 1,523.9 1,517.5 1,521.2 1,531.8 1,541.1 9.3

Miscellaneous store retailers ............................. 842.7 851.2 804.3 803.8 857.0 845.0 838.3 825.0 820.0 817.5 -2.5

Nonstore retailers ............................................... 438.2 460.6 426.4 415.2 443.8 433.6 427.7 424.0 422.4 419.4 -3.0

Transportation and warehousing .......................... 4,497.6 4,452.8 4,318.2 4,244.1 4,551.6 4,456.9 4,424.4 4,389.9 4,351.3 4,302.4 -48.9

Air transportation ................................................ 501.8 476.5 472.8 471.3 506.2 482.1 481.6 477.8 476.8 474.8 -2.0

Rail transportation .............................................. 229.8 225.9 225.9 225.9 231.4 229.5 229.0 226.8 227.5 227.1 -.4

Water transportation ........................................... 63.2 59.1 58.0 57.6 66.7 63.9 62.6 60.3 59.9 61.5 1.6

Truck transportation ........................................... 1,376.8 1,347.9 1,294.2 1,244.8 1,411.9 1,370.3 1,358.0 1,340.8 1,316.0 1,282.6 -33.4

Transit and ground passenger transportation ... 432.5 425.2 418.4 418.3 419.9 413.8 411.7 410.1 408.4 406.6 -1.8

Pipeline transportation ....................................... 40.4 43.4 42.9 42.9 40.6 43.3 43.2 43.3 43.2 43.3 .1

Scenic and sightseeing transportation .............. 22.0 23.2 20.8 20.1 28.9 27.1 27.2 27.2 26.9 26.6 -.3

Support activities for transportation ................... 587.3 581.8 565.4 558.7 590.9 588.0 582.2 579.5 571.7 562.4 -9.3

Couriers and messengers .................................. 575.8 601.3 564.7 558.6 581.2 570.5 565.7 564.6 564.2 564.8 .6

Warehousing and storage .................................. 668.0 668.5 655.1 645.9 673.9 668.4 663.2 659.5 656.7 652.7 -4.0

Utilities ................................................................... 553.2 563.7 567.8 567.5 556.4 562.8 564.0 564.6 568.8 569.9 1.1

Information ................................................................ 3,014 2,954 2,899 2,890 3,025 2,982 2,965 2,940 2,921 2,906 -15

Publishing industries, except Internet ............... 894.5 862.2 842.9 836.7 895.7 872.6 863.6 857.8 848.4 839.1 -9.3

Motion picture and sound recording industries . 372.8 380.3 361.4 370.7 381.9 388.7 385.0 377.2 373.3 379.8 6.5

Broadcasting, except Internet ............................ 318.5 310.8 304.7 301.1 319.3 312.9 313.1 308.1 307.0 303.7 -3.3

Telecommunications .......................................... 1,030.1 1,007.5 1,003.4 993.4 1,029.3 1,014.5 1,010.2 1,004.0 999.6 992.3 -7.3

Data processing, hosting and related services . 265.4 256.7 252.0 252.7 265.6 258.9 257.5 256.4 256.6 254.6 -2.0

Other information services ................................. 132.7 136.5 134.7 135.6 133.1 134.1 135.1 136.5 136.0 136.0 .0

Financial activities .................................................... 8,163 8,009 7,899 7,859 8,211 8,088 8,043 8,010 7,958 7,914 -44

Finance and insurance .......................................... 6,053.8 5,926.5 5,874.0 5,854.0 6,059.3 5,978.7 5,948.7 5,924.0 5,891.1 5,863.9 -27.2

Monetary authorities - central bank ................... 22.4 21.1 20.8 20.8 22.3 22.1 21.5 21.3 21.1 21.0 -.1

1 Credit intermediation and related activities ....... 2,776.3 2,679.2 2,661.0 2,653.6 2,775.6 2,706.4 2,692.8 2,680.8 2,667.7 2,657.2 -10.5

1 Depository credit intermediation ..................... 1,824.3 1,805.4 1,799.1 1,792.9 1,826.3 1,811.1 1,806.9 1,804.9 1,800.4 1,796.9 -3.5

Commercial banking .................................... 1,360.1 1,351.1 1,346.7 1,341.7 1,362.0 1,356.0 1,352.7 1,351.8 1,348.5 1,345.8 -2.7

Securities, commodity contracts, investments .. 863.3 840.8 821.7 815.3 864.4 847.8 842.1 839.9 824.1 816.0 -8.1

Insurance carriers and related activities ........... 2,301.9 2,294.5 2,280.3 2,276.5 2,307.2 2,311.0 2,300.9 2,292.0 2,288.2 2,282.0 -6.2

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles ........ 89.9 90.9 90.2 87.8 89.8 91.4 91.4 90.0 90.0 87.7 -2.3

Real estate and rental and leasing ....................... 2,108.7 2,082.9 2,024.8 2,005.4 2,151.3 2,109.0 2,093.8 2,085.8 2,066.6 2,050.2 -16.4

Real estate .......................................................... 1,463.7 1,460.4 1,417.6 1,405.6 1,491.2 1,471.2 1,461.7 1,458.2 1,446.0 1,434.6 -11.4

Rental and leasing services ............................... 617.0 594.0 579.2 571.8 631.7 609.7 603.8 599.3 592.3 587.4 -4.9

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets ......... 28.0 28.5 28.0 28.0 28.4 28.1 28.3 28.3 28.3 28.2 -.1

See footnotes at the end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Feb. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2008

 Oct. 

2008

 Nov. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2009p

Change

from:

Jan. 2009-

Feb. 2009p

Professional and business services ........................ 17,695 17,406 16,899 16,746 18,018 17,612 17,488 17,356 17,222 17,042 -180

1 Professional and technical services ..................... 7,897.5 7,840.8 7,784.5 7,790.9 7,823.1 7,844.0 7,827.7 7,797.2 7,763.5 7,726.8 -36.7

Legal services .................................................. 1,163.1 1,160.5 1,143.8 1,140.1 1,171.2 1,160.2 1,157.7 1,156.8 1,154.4 1,150.2 -4.2

Accounting and bookkeeping services ........... 1,099.2 951.3 1,019.3 1,063.2 958.7 946.4 941.0 933.7 923.2 920.8 -2.4

Architectural and engineering services .......... 1,430.5 1,417.0 1,391.0 1,371.4 1,453.6 1,437.1 1,428.6 1,419.4 1,413.3 1,397.3 -16.0

Computer systems design and related

services .......................................................... 1,424.9 1,475.1 1,460.5 1,457.2 1,429.9 1,466.1 1,467.9 1,466.8 1,463.6 1,463.3 -.3

Management and technical consulting

services .......................................................... 982.5 1,030.0 1,012.0 1,008.2 993.1 1,022.9 1,024.9 1,020.5 1,026.6 1,021.8 -4.8

Management of companies and enterprises ....... 1,892.7 1,875.7 1,871.3 1,856.7 1,905.9 1,882.8 1,882.0 1,872.1 1,875.8 1,869.3 -6.5

Administrative and waste services ....................... 7,904.8 7,689.5 7,242.9 7,098.4 8,289.3 7,884.8 7,778.3 7,686.3 7,582.7 7,446.3 -136.4

1 Administrative and support services ................. 7,555.3 7,328.7 6,884.2 6,746.4 7,933.2 7,522.0 7,414.2 7,324.4 7,219.2 7,085.5 -133.7

1 Employment services ...................................... 3,173.8 2,887.8 2,575.1 2,499.9 3,370.7 2,987.7 2,896.7 2,829.5 2,734.9 2,647.4 -87.5

Temporary help services ............................. 2,358.7 2,105.7 1,842.1 1,777.2 2,520.3 2,218.9 2,128.5 2,055.6 1,975.6 1,897.9 -77.7

Business support services .............................. 833.3 833.8 813.6 804.8 829.9 820.8 823.7 816.0 816.9 804.6 -12.3

Services to buildings and dwellings ............... 1,688.5 1,745.4 1,658.1 1,630.0 1,858.0 1,837.4 1,829.4 1,818.1 1,816.8 1,799.4 -17.4

Waste management and remediation services 349.5 360.8 358.7 352.0 356.1 362.8 364.1 361.9 363.5 360.8 -2.7

Education and health services ................................ 18,757 19,242 19,008 19,224 18,657 18,981 19,044 19,080 19,123 19,149 26

Educational services ............................................. 3,137.1 3,186.1 3,010.0 3,198.1 3,000.1 3,047.3 3,066.0 3,063.1 3,083.4 3,079.2 -4.2

Health care and social assistance ........................15,619.7 16,055.9 15,997.7 16,026.3 15,657.0 15,934.1 15,977.8 16,017.0 16,039.8 16,070.2 30.4

3 Health care ......................................................... 13,127.3 13,502.4 13,456.3 13,475.1 13,171.7 13,401.2 13,442.4 13,475.9 13,496.1 13,523.0 26.9

1 Ambulatory health care services .................... 5,568.8 5,758.0 5,733.7 5,750.0 5,588.9 5,706.1 5,727.7 5,742.6 5,755.2 5,771.5 16.3

Offices of physicians .................................... 2,234.7 2,304.9 2,296.4 2,301.5 2,241.2 2,283.3 2,289.8 2,294.5 2,302.1 2,308.4 6.3

Outpatient care centers ................................ 525.7 537.1 536.0 537.1 526.4 536.6 536.9 536.7 537.8 538.5 .7

Home health care services .......................... 934.8 981.3 976.9 985.3 940.6 968.6 975.6 980.7 982.1 990.3 8.2

Hospitals .......................................................... 4,573.6 4,708.2 4,701.5 4,703.7 4,587.5 4,681.9 4,692.4 4,703.7 4,712.5 4,719.3 6.8

1 Nursing and residential care facilities ............ 2,984.9 3,036.2 3,021.1 3,021.4 2,995.3 3,013.2 3,022.3 3,029.6 3,028.4 3,032.2 3.8

Nursing care facilities ................................... 1,610.6 1,621.2 1,612.3 1,611.0 1,616.0 1,611.0 1,614.5 1,617.3 1,615.8 1,616.2 .4

1 Social assistance ................................................ 2,492.4 2,553.5 2,541.4 2,551.2 2,485.3 2,532.9 2,535.4 2,541.1 2,543.7 2,547.2 3.5

Child day care services ................................... 869.6 875.5 871.3 875.9 859.7 862.3 863.2 864.3 865.6 866.0 .4

Leisure and hospitality ............................................. 12,971 13,013 12,668 12,660 13,529 13,395 13,344 13,304 13,275 13,242 -33

Arts, entertainment, and recreation ...................... 1,788.7 1,799.5 1,732.6 1,741.2 1,993.0 1,952.0 1,944.0 1,947.1 1,945.0 1,943.6 -1.4

Performing arts and spectator sports ................ 380.1 387.8 365.1 370.1 410.4 402.5 398.8 401.4 403.6 400.9 -2.7

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks ...... 119.6 123.8 119.3 118.6 132.0 129.6 130.6 130.8 130.9 131.5 .6

Amusements, gambling, and recreation ........... 1,289.0 1,287.9 1,248.2 1,252.5 1,450.6 1,419.9 1,414.6 1,414.9 1,410.5 1,411.2 .7

Accommodation and food services ...................... 11,182.3 11,213.3 10,935.1 10,918.3 11,535.9 11,442.7 11,399.6 11,356.5 11,329.9 11,297.9 -32.0

Accommodation .................................................. 1,805.1 1,739.8 1,689.2 1,679.1 1,888.7 1,827.9 1,812.1 1,794.3 1,775.2 1,757.1 -18.1

Food services and drinking places .................... 9,377.2 9,473.5 9,245.9 9,239.2 9,647.2 9,614.8 9,587.5 9,562.2 9,554.7 9,540.8 -13.9

Other services .......................................................... 5,482 5,455 5,387 5,394 5,533 5,535 5,509 5,477 5,465 5,451 -14

Repair and maintenance .................................... 1,234.8 1,178.7 1,169.2 1,165.8 1,246.2 1,216.4 1,204.7 1,189.9 1,187.8 1,180.1 -7.7

Personal and laundry services .......................... 1,302.6 1,319.7 1,292.2 1,291.3 1,320.5 1,330.1 1,323.2 1,320.9 1,314.7 1,313.1 -1.6

Membership associations and organizations .... 2,944.6 2,957.0 2,925.7 2,936.9 2,966.6 2,988.3 2,980.7 2,965.7 2,962.8 2,957.3 -5.5

Government .............................................................. 22,736 22,894 22,465 22,865 22,421 22,539 22,543 22,532 22,563 22,572 9

Federal ................................................................... 2,723 2,782 2,779 2,780 2,746 2,775 2,783 2,778 2,794 2,794 0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service ................. 1,968.7 2,044.9 2,042.3 2,057.9 1,984.7 2,043.5 2,052.4 2,057.3 2,065.7 2,069.9 4.2

U.S. Postal Service ............................................ 754.6 737.1 736.5 722.0 761.2 731.9 730.1 720.9 728.4 724.5 -3.9

State government .................................................. 5,269 5,297 5,119 5,302 5,153 5,194 5,197 5,196 5,193 5,190 -3

State government education .............................. 2,461.2 2,497.0 2,321.2 2,510.8 2,334.4 2,372.8 2,380.3 2,381.3 2,383.9 2,386.4 2.5

State government, excluding education ............ 2,808.2 2,800.1 2,797.6 2,791.5 2,818.3 2,820.7 2,816.4 2,814.8 2,809.1 2,803.9 -5.2

Local government .................................................. 14,744 14,815 14,567 14,783 14,522 14,570 14,563 14,558 14,576 14,588 12

Local government education ............................. 8,395.0 8,395.1 8,177.0 8,400.2 8,069.7 8,071.6 8,067.6 8,060.5 8,075.2 8,088.6 13.4

Local government, excluding education ........... 6,349.4 6,419.5 6,389.8 6,382.4 6,451.8 6,498.3 6,495.6 6,497.7 6,500.8 6,499.0 -1.8

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor

vehicle parts.

3

Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing

and residential care facilities.

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Feb. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2008

 Oct. 

2008

 Nov. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2009p

Change

from:

Jan. 2009-

Feb. 2009p

Total private ....................................... 33.4 33.2 32.9 33.3 33.8 33.5 33.4 33.3 33.3 33.3 0.0

Goods-producing .......................................... 39.8 39.4 38.8 38.7 40.5 39.8 39.5 39.4 39.3 39.2 -.1

Mining and logging ................................................. 45.1 44.2 43.7 43.5 45.6 44.7 45.3 44.3 44.4 44.2 -.2

Construction ............................................................ 37.5 37.3 37.1 37.0 38.8 38.3 37.7 38.0 37.9 38.1 .2

Manufacturing ......................................................... 40.7 40.3 39.5 39.2 41.2 40.4 40.2 39.9 39.8 39.6 -.2

Overtime hours ............................................ 3.8 3.2 2.6 2.5 4.1 3.5 3.2 2.9 2.8 2.6 -.2

Durable goods ..................................................... 41.0 40.5 39.5 39.3 41.5 40.6 40.4 40.0 39.8 39.7 -.1

Overtime hours ............................................ 3.9 3.1 2.5 2.3 4.2 3.4 3.1 2.8 2.6 2.4 -.2

Wood products .................................................. 37.9 36.7 35.7 36.3 39.1 38.1 37.6 36.8 37.0 37.3 .3

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 40.7 40.5 38.9 38.9 42.3 41.8 40.9 40.9 40.2 40.2 .0

Primary metals .................................................. 42.4 40.8 40.3 39.5 42.7 41.4 40.9 40.5 40.3 39.8 -.5

Fabricated metal products .............................. 41.3 40.7 39.7 39.3 41.8 40.8 40.8 40.3 39.9 39.6 -.3

Machinery .......................................................... 42.8 41.6 40.8 40.6 43.0 41.8 41.4 41.1 40.9 40.7 -.2

Computer and electronic products ................ 40.1 41.2 40.4 40.4 40.5 40.8 41.3 40.4 40.7 40.6 -.1

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 40.6 40.7 39.3 38.5 41.1 40.4 40.2 39.7 39.4 38.7 -.7

Transportation equipment ............................... 42.7 41.6 40.3 40.4 43.0 41.3 40.9 40.9 40.5 40.4 -.1

Motor vehicles and parts 2.............................. 42.5 40.7 38.2 38.2 42.7 40.6 40.0 39.9 38.6 38.3 -.3

Furniture and related products ....................... 37.7 37.8 37.2 36.8 38.3 37.4 37.2 37.3 37.5 37.3 -.2

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 38.5 38.5 38.3 37.8 38.8 38.9 38.5 38.3 38.4 38.2 -.2

Nondurable goods ............................................... 40.1 40.0 39.3 39.1 40.6 40.2 39.9 39.7 39.7 39.4 -.3

Overtime hours ............................................ 3.6 3.3 2.9 2.7 3.9 3.6 3.4 3.1 3.1 2.9 -.2

Food manufacturing ......................................... 39.8 40.2 39.7 39.3 40.7 40.3 39.9 39.8 40.0 39.9 -.1

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 39.0 36.4 36.3 36.1 39.9 38.1 37.9 36.7 37.1 36.8 -.3

Textile mills ........................................................ 38.5 37.3 36.7 35.9 38.9 38.4 37.7 37.0 37.1 36.4 -.7

Textile product mills ......................................... 39.1 37.7 36.6 36.5 39.4 37.9 37.9 37.1 36.9 36.7 -.2

Apparel ............................................................... 36.7 36.1 35.3 35.1 36.7 36.3 36.2 36.0 35.7 35.4 -.3

Leather and allied products ............................ 37.9 35.4 33.4 32.3 38.2 36.9 34.4 34.7 33.9 32.8 -1.1

Paper and paper products .............................. 43.3 42.6 41.4 41.2 43.9 42.2 42.1 41.9 41.7 41.7 .0

Printing and related support activities ........... 38.2 38.5 37.4 37.1 38.2 38.3 38.2 38.0 37.7 37.3 -.4

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 42.8 44.6 44.9 45.2 43.9 45.2 44.4 45.3 45.2 45.3 .1

Chemicals .......................................................... 41.3 41.3 40.9 41.1 41.4 41.5 41.3 41.1 41.2 41.1 -.1

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 40.9 40.5 39.8 39.2 41.3 40.6 40.6 40.0 39.9 39.4 -.5

Private service-providing ............................. 32.1 32.0 31.8 32.3 32.4 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 .0

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 32.9 32.9 32.4 32.7 33.3 33.1 33.0 32.9 32.9 32.8 -.1

Wholesale trade ................................................... 37.9 37.7 37.7 38.1 38.2 38.2 38.1 37.8 38.1 38.0 -.1

Retail trade ........................................................... 29.7 29.9 29.1 29.5 30.2 29.9 29.8 29.7 29.7 29.7 .0

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 36.2 36.5 35.5 35.5 36.7 36.3 36.1 36.2 36.0 35.7 -.3

Utilities ................................................................... 42.6 42.9 42.4 43.3 42.8 42.5 42.4 42.9 42.7 43.2 .5

Information ............................................................... 36.1 36.9 36.7 37.0 36.3 36.9 37.0 37.0 37.1 36.9 -.2

Financial activities .................................................. 35.6 35.7 35.9 36.8 35.8 35.9 36.1 35.9 36.2 36.2 .0

Professional and business services .................... 34.4 34.6 34.4 35.0 34.7 34.9 34.9 34.8 35.0 34.9 -.1

Education and health services ............................. 32.5 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.6 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 -.1

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 25.0 24.5 24.0 25.0 25.4 25.1 25.0 25.0 24.8 25.0 .2

Other services ......................................................... 30.6 30.5 30.4 30.7 30.8 30.7 30.7 30.6 30.6 30.6 .0

1 Data relate to production workers in mining and logging and manufacturing,

construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory workers

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately

four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor

vehicle parts.

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and 

selected industry detail

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

 Feb. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2009p

Total private ....................................... $17.86 $18.40 $18.48 $18.55 $596.52 $610.88 $607.99 $617.72

Seasonally adjusted ..................... 17.83 18.40 18.44 18.47 602.65 612.72 614.05 615.05

Goods-producing .......................................... 18.96 19.75 19.64 19.64 754.61 778.15 762.03 760.07

Mining and logging ................................................. 21.89 23.53 23.46 23.18 987.24 1,040.03 1,025.20 1,008.33

Construction ............................................................ 21.35 22.52 22.32 22.20 800.63 840.00 828.07 821.40

Manufacturing ......................................................... 17.57 18.06 18.02 18.11 715.10 727.82 711.79 709.91

Durable goods ..................................................... 18.53 19.06 18.99 19.13 759.73 771.93 750.11 751.81

Wood products .................................................. 13.85 14.66 14.69 14.83 524.92 538.02 524.43 538.33

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 16.85 16.73 16.81 17.06 685.80 677.57 653.91 663.63

Primary metals .................................................. 20.01 20.05 19.62 19.56 848.42 818.04 790.69 772.62

Fabricated metal products .............................. 16.79 17.36 17.23 17.27 693.43 706.55 684.03 678.71

Machinery .......................................................... 17.83 18.15 18.16 18.22 763.12 755.04 740.93 739.73

Computer and electronic products ................ 20.57 21.44 21.52 21.44 824.86 883.33 869.41 866.18

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 15.71 15.88 15.82 15.87 637.83 646.32 621.73 611.00

Transportation equipment ............................... 23.53 24.58 24.69 24.83 1,004.73 1,022.53 995.01 1,003.13

Furniture and related products ....................... 14.37 14.92 14.92 14.83 541.75 563.98 555.02 545.74

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 14.95 15.60 15.64 16.00 575.58 600.60 599.01 604.80

Nondurable goods ............................................... 15.93 16.43 16.49 16.50 638.79 657.20 648.06 645.15

Food manufacturing ......................................... 13.77 14.26 14.34 14.27 548.05 573.25 569.30 560.81

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 19.78 19.95 20.08 20.29 771.42 726.18 728.90 732.47

Textile mills ........................................................ 13.35 13.80 13.90 13.68 513.98 514.74 510.13 491.11

Textile product mills ......................................... 11.61 11.72 11.61 11.59 453.95 441.84 424.93 423.04

Apparel ............................................................... 11.46 11.38 11.45 11.41 420.58 410.82 404.19 400.49

Leather and allied products ............................ 12.68 13.47 14.10 14.33 480.57 476.84 470.94 462.86

Paper and paper products .............................. 18.64 19.11 19.28 19.05 807.11 814.09 798.19 784.86

Printing and related support activities ........... 16.48 17.01 16.80 16.76 629.54 654.89 628.32 621.80

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 26.35 28.17 29.13 29.76 1,127.78 1,256.38 1,307.94 1,345.15

Chemicals .......................................................... 19.36 19.72 19.79 20.01 799.57 814.44 809.41 822.41

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 15.60 16.24 16.23 16.24 638.04 657.72 645.95 636.61

Private service-providing ............................. 17.59 18.09 18.22 18.31 564.64 578.88 579.40 591.41

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 16.05 16.14 16.38 16.45 528.05 531.01 530.71 537.92

Wholesale trade ................................................... 20.04 20.36 20.44 20.58 759.52 767.57 770.59 784.10

Retail trade ........................................................... 12.80 12.74 12.97 12.99 380.16 380.93 377.43 383.21

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 18.12 18.62 18.70 18.77 655.94 679.63 663.85 666.34

Utilities ................................................................... 28.63 29.28 29.06 29.49 1,219.64 1,256.11 1,232.14 1,276.92

Information ............................................................... 24.48 24.86 25.01 24.95 883.73 917.33 917.87 923.15

Financial activities .................................................. 20.06 20.50 20.46 20.59 714.14 731.85 734.51 757.71

Professional and business services .................... 20.83 22.01 22.14 22.53 716.55 761.55 761.62 788.55

Education and health services ............................. 18.57 19.23 19.26 19.25 603.53 621.13 622.10 623.70

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 10.83 11.05 11.00 11.05 270.75 270.73 264.00 276.25

Other services ......................................................... 15.78 16.27 16.35 16.32 482.87 496.24 497.04 501.02

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector 

and selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Total private:

 Feb. 

2008

 Oct. 

2008

 Nov. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2009p

Percent

change from:

Jan. 2009-

Feb. 2009 p

Current dollars ................................................ $17.83 $18.28 $18.34 $18.40 $18.44 $18.47 0.2

Constant (1982) dollars 2................................. 8.28 8.33 8.54 8.65 8.64 N.A.

Goods-producing .......................................................... 19.07 19.56 19.63 19.69 19.72 19.78 .3

Mining and logging ................................................................. 21.80 23.03 23.28 23.23 23.14 23.08 -.3

Construction ............................................................................ 21.48 22.17 22.28 22.41 22.41 22.37 -.2

Manufacturing ......................................................................... 17.58 17.89 17.94 17.96 17.99 18.10 .6

.....................................................

4 Excluding overtime 16.75 17.15 17.25 17.33 17.38 17.52 .8

Durable goods ..................................................................... 18.53 18.84 18.91 18.94 18.98 19.11 .7

Nondurable goods ............................................................... 15.95 16.35 16.37 16.39 16.45 16.52 .4

Private service-providing ............................................. 17.51 17.97 18.03 18.10 18.14 18.17 .2

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................................... 16.04 16.23 16.29 16.31 16.36 16.38 .1

Wholesale trade ................................................................... 20.03 20.22 20.29 20.31 20.39 20.45 .3

Retail trade ........................................................................... 12.81 12.89 12.93 12.94 12.97 12.97 .0

Transportation and warehousing ...................................... 18.21 18.58 18.66 18.66 18.74 18.74 .0

Utilities ................................................................................... 28.62 28.91 28.91 29.16 29.08 29.54 1.6

Information ............................................................................... 24.48 24.99 24.94 24.91 24.94 24.94 .0

Financial activities .................................................................. 20.04 20.43 20.41 20.53 20.50 20.48 -.1

Professional and business services .................................... 20.69 21.63 21.78 21.97 22.03 22.20 .8

Education and health services ............................................. 18.60 19.08 19.13 19.20 19.22 19.27 .3

Leisure and hospitality ........................................................... 10.75 10.92 10.90 10.94 10.96 10.98 .2

Other services ......................................................................... 15.85 16.24 16.29 16.29 16.33 16.32 -.1

3( )

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers

(CPI-W) is used to deflate this series.

3 Change was -0.1 percent from Dec. 2008 to Jan. 2009, the latest month

available.

4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time

and one-half.

N.A. = not available.

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Feb. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2008

 Oct. 

2008

 Nov. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2009p

Percent

change from:

Jan. 2009-

Feb. 2009p

Total private ....................................... 104.3 103.4 99.3 99.9 107.6 105.0 104.1 103.2 102.6 101.9 -0.7

Goods-producing .......................................... 95.3 89.9 84.0 82.3 100.3 93.9 92.0 90.4 88.3 86.8 -1.7

Mining and logging ................................................. 130.9 138.1 132.8 130.8 136.9 140.6 143.2 139.1 139.7 138.1 -1.1

Construction ............................................................ 100.3 95.9 88.2 85.6 111.7 104.1 100.5 99.8 97.7 96.7 -1.0

Manufacturing ......................................................... 91.4 85.1 80.3 78.5 93.5 87.4 86.0 84.0 81.8 80.2 -2.0

Durable goods ..................................................... 94.3 86.2 80.3 78.5 96.3 88.5 87.1 84.6 81.7 79.9 -2.2

Wood products .................................................. 78.0 66.5 60.7 58.8 83.0 72.7 70.5 66.7 64.2 62.2 -3.1

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 87.2 81.8 74.2 72.2 94.8 89.6 86.3 84.0 81.0 79.0 -2.5

Primary metals .................................................. 90.2 79.1 75.7 70.3 90.8 84.7 81.5 78.1 75.1 71.1 -5.3

Fabricated metal products .............................. 103.2 95.2 89.4 86.4 105.1 98.1 96.6 93.8 90.2 87.5 -3.0

Machinery .......................................................... 104.4 96.6 91.3 88.4 105.4 99.6 96.7 94.8 91.8 89.1 -2.9

Computer and electronic products ................ 100.6 99.5 96.1 93.7 102.1 99.3 99.7 96.8 96.7 94.2 -2.6

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 87.5 86.2 81.9 78.4 89.2 87.3 86.1 83.8 82.2 79.6 -3.2

Transportation equipment ............................... 95.7 81.4 71.8 73.8 96.4 81.0 81.0 79.0 73.5 73.6 .1

Motor vehicles and parts 2.............................. 81.7 63.9 51.4 53.3 82.0 66.3 63.9 61.3 53.6 53.2 -.7

Furniture and related products ....................... 77.6 67.0 63.2 60.7 79.9 69.7 67.4 66.1 64.4 62.3 -3.3

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 88.9 87.0 84.3 83.0 89.9 89.0 87.1 85.9 85.3 84.3 -1.2

Nondurable goods ............................................... 86.5 83.4 79.8 78.6 88.7 85.7 84.2 82.8 81.8 80.5 -1.6

Food manufacturing ......................................... 97.5 99.9 96.4 94.8 101.9 100.4 99.3 98.6 98.7 98.4 -.3

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 85.5 86.9 84.8 83.9 90.6 91.4 91.6 89.3 90.3 89.7 -.7

Textile mills ........................................................ 51.0 40.7 39.6 37.7 51.7 45.3 42.6 40.7 40.0 38.5 -3.8

Textile product mills ......................................... 71.7 66.1 61.9 60.3 72.7 68.3 67.5 65.0 63.4 61.9 -2.4

Apparel ............................................................... 58.4 51.0 47.4 47.6 59.1 54.9 52.7 51.3 49.5 48.8 -1.4

Leather and allied products ............................ 68.3 64.1 60.0 55.2 69.9 69.3 62.0 62.5 60.7 57.6 -5.1

Paper and paper products .............................. 84.5 81.4 77.4 75.3 86.1 81.5 80.9 79.8 78.2 76.9 -1.7

Printing and related support activities ........... 87.6 82.1 77.6 75.9 88.4 83.9 82.5 80.6 78.9 76.9 -2.5

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 95.8 94.4 87.4 86.5 101.7 102.8 98.6 98.4 93.6 91.8 -1.9

Chemicals .......................................................... 94.5 92.1 89.9 90.5 95.1 94.0 93.4 91.8 91.4 90.8 -.7

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 89.1 81.0 76.9 74.8 90.8 85.1 82.9 80.2 78.2 76.1 -2.7

Private service-providing ............................. 106.8 107.1 103.6 104.8 109.6 108.2 107.5 107.0 106.7 106.2 -.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 102.0 103.4 97.8 97.3 105.2 102.4 101.4 100.6 100.2 99.3 -.9

Wholesale trade ................................................... 107.9 105.6 103.4 103.5 110.0 108.0 107.0 105.5 105.5 104.4 -1.0

Retail trade ........................................................... 98.1 101.8 94.2 93.9 102.0 98.9 97.9 97.1 96.9 96.6 -.3

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 106.9 106.7 100.5 98.7 109.8 106.1 104.5 104.2 102.7 100.6 -2.0

Utilities ................................................................... 96.6 99.8 99.3 101.2 97.6 98.8 98.7 100.2 100.2 101.6 1.4

Information ............................................................... 99.3 99.9 97.3 97.8 100.2 100.8 100.2 99.6 99.1 98.1 -1.0

Financial activities .................................................. 106.6 105.6 104.8 106.9 108.0 107.4 107.3 106.2 106.5 106.0 -.5

Professional and business services .................... 112.1 110.5 106.1 106.9 115.5 112.9 112.0 110.8 110.5 108.8 -1.5

Education and health services ............................. 115.0 117.4 116.1 117.8 114.7 116.5 116.6 116.9 117.2 117.0 -.2

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 104.5 103.2 98.2 102.2 111.2 109.0 108.2 107.8 106.7 107.3 .6

Other services ......................................................... 98.1 97.3 95.8 96.9 99.8 99.7 99.1 98.3 98.0 97.7 -.3

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and

motor vehicle parts.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: The index of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing

the current months estimates of aggregate hours by the

corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate hours estimates

are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and production

and nonsupervisory worker employment.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls of production and nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Feb. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2008

 Oct. 

2008

 Nov. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009p

 Feb. 

2009p

Percent

change from:

Jan. 2009-

Feb. 2009p

Total private ....................................... 124.5 127.1 122.6 123.8 128.2 128.3 127.6 126.9 126.4 125.8 -0.5

Goods-producing .......................................... 110.7 108.7 101.1 99.0 117.1 112.5 110.6 109.0 106.6 105.1 -1.4

Mining and logging ................................................. 166.6 189.0 181.2 176.4 173.6 188.3 193.9 188.0 188.0 185.4 -1.4

Construction ............................................................ 115.6 116.7 106.3 102.6 129.6 124.7 120.9 120.8 118.2 116.8 -1.2

Manufacturing ......................................................... 105.0 100.5 94.6 93.0 107.5 102.2 100.9 98.7 96.3 95.0 -1.3

Durable goods ..................................................... 109.1 102.5 95.2 93.7 111.4 104.1 102.9 100.1 96.8 95.3 -1.5

Nondurable goods ............................................... 97.4 96.8 93.0 91.7 100.0 99.1 97.4 95.9 95.1 94.0 -1.2

Private service-providing ............................. 128.8 132.8 129.4 131.5 131.6 133.4 132.8 132.8 132.7 132.3 -.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 116.8 119.1 114.3 114.1 120.3 118.6 117.9 117.0 116.9 116.0 -.8

Wholesale trade ................................................... 127.4 126.6 124.5 125.5 129.8 128.6 127.9 126.2 126.7 125.8 -.7

Retail trade ........................................................... 107.6 111.2 104.7 104.5 112.0 109.2 108.5 107.7 107.7 107.4 -.3

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 122.9 126.1 119.2 117.5 126.9 125.1 123.7 123.3 122.1 119.6 -2.0

Utilities ................................................................... 115.4 121.9 120.5 124.6 116.6 119.3 119.1 121.9 121.7 125.3 3.0

Information ............................................................... 120.4 123.0 120.5 120.8 121.4 124.7 123.8 122.8 122.4 121.1 -1.1

Financial activities .................................................. 132.2 133.8 132.6 136.1 133.8 135.6 135.4 134.9 135.0 134.2 -.6

Professional and business services .................... 138.9 144.7 139.7 143.3 142.2 145.3 145.1 144.9 144.8 143.8 -.7

Education and health services ............................. 140.3 148.5 147.0 149.0 140.3 146.2 146.7 147.5 148.1 148.2 .1

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 128.6 129.5 122.7 128.3 135.7 135.2 133.9 133.9 132.8 133.8 .8

Other services ......................................................... 112.7 115.4 114.1 115.2 115.3 117.9 117.6 116.6 116.6 116.2 -.3

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: The index of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by

dividing the current months estimates of aggregate payrolls

by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate

payroll estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and production and nonsupervisory

worker employment.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change

(Percent)

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

Private nonfarm payrolls, 271 industries

Manufacturing payrolls, 83 industries

1

1

Over 1-month span:

Over 3-month span:

Over 6-month span:

Over 12-month span:

Over 1-month span:

Over 3-month span:

Over 6-month span:

Over 12-month span:

Time span

2005 ......................................................... 52.6 60.1 54.1 58.1 56.8 58.3 58.5 59.2 54.2 55.9 62.7 57.6

2006 ......................................................... 64.9 62.2 63.8 59.8 49.1 51.8 59.2 55.4 55.7 56.3 59.4 60.7

2007 ......................................................... 53.5 55.5 52.4 49.4 55.9 48.3 50.7 46.5 55.9 57.2 59.4 57.9

2008 ......................................................... 42.1 40.6 44.1 41.1 42.6 36.9 37.6 39.1 34.7 33.0 27.1 20.5

2009 .........................................................

p 23.2 p 23.8

2005 ......................................................... 51.7 57.2 59.0 59.8 57.9 62.0 60.5 62.9 60.3 55.5 56.3 62.7

2006 ......................................................... 67.7 68.6 65.1 65.1 60.5 58.9 55.5 57.0 55.0 54.4 59.0 64.2

2007 ......................................................... 62.5 54.8 54.2 54.8 54.1 50.4 52.8 48.7 53.3 53.9 58.3 62.5

2008 ......................................................... 57.7 44.8 40.2 39.7 37.3 33.6 33.6 32.8 34.9 33.2 26.9 20.8

2009 .........................................................

p 19.0 p 16.8

2005 ......................................................... 55.4 57.9 58.1 57.0 58.3 60.9 63.1 63.3 61.6 59.6 61.4 62.5

2006 ......................................................... 64.6 63.8 67.5 66.2 65.5 66.6 60.3 61.1 57.9 57.9 62.4 59.0

2007 ......................................................... 60.3 57.2 60.5 58.3 55.5 56.5 52.8 52.4 56.6 54.4 56.8 59.0

2008 ......................................................... 56.6 53.0 50.7 47.4 40.2 33.4 31.0 33.4 30.6 29.0 26.0 24.4

2009 .........................................................

p 22.0 p 19.9

2005 ......................................................... 60.9 60.9 60.0 59.2 58.3 60.3 61.3 63.3 60.7 59.2 59.8 61.8

2006 ......................................................... 67.2 65.5 65.9 62.9 65.5 66.8 64.8 64.4 66.6 65.9 64.9 66.2

2007 ......................................................... 63.3 59.4 61.1 59.6 59.2 58.3 56.8 57.2 59.4 58.9 58.1 59.6

2008 ......................................................... 54.4 56.1 52.6 49.1 50.2 47.8 43.7 42.3 38.0 37.8 32.3 28.2

2009 .........................................................

p 24.9 p 21.6

2005 ......................................................... 36.7 46.4 42.2 46.4 40.4 33.7 41.0 43.4 45.8 47.6 44.6 47.0

2006 ......................................................... 57.8 49.4 53.6 47.0 37.3 50.6 49.4 42.2 40.4 42.8 41.0 44.0

2007 ......................................................... 44.6 41.0 30.7 24.7 38.0 32.5 43.4 30.7 39.2 42.8 60.8 48.2

2008 ......................................................... 30.7 28.9 37.3 32.5 40.4 25.3 25.9 27.7 22.9 18.7 15.1 10.2

2009 .........................................................

p 7.2 p 15.1

2005 ......................................................... 36.7 43.4 41.0 41.6 35.5 36.1 34.9 36.7 42.2 44.0 38.6 48.8

2006 ......................................................... 56.6 57.2 48.2 48.2 44.6 50.0 43.4 45.2 36.7 33.1 35.5 39.2

2007 ......................................................... 40.4 33.1 33.1 28.9 29.5 30.1 31.9 28.9 30.7 30.7 39.2 51.2

2008 ......................................................... 48.8 33.7 28.3 29.5 26.5 22.9 19.9 16.9 22.3 21.1 15.1 11.4

2009 .........................................................

p 6.6 p 5.4

2005 ......................................................... 33.7 39.8 38.0 36.1 35.5 34.9 39.8 36.1 36.1 38.0 36.7 39.8

2006 ......................................................... 45.2 45.2 50.6 48.8 50.6 50.0 45.2 47.0 43.4 42.2 39.8 34.3

2007 ......................................................... 37.3 33.1 29.5 28.9 30.7 34.9 28.9 26.5 29.5 28.3 33.7 38.0

2008 ......................................................... 34.3 30.1 37.3 35.5 25.3 20.5 17.5 18.1 16.9 13.3 11.4 9.6

2009 .........................................................

p 9.6 p 6.6

2005 ......................................................... 45.2 44.0 42.2 41.0 36.7 35.5 32.5 34.3 33.1 33.7 33.7 38.0

2006 ......................................................... 44.0 41.0 41.0 39.8 39.8 45.2 42.2 42.8 47.0 48.8 45.8 44.6

2007 ......................................................... 39.8 36.7 37.3 30.7 28.9 29.5 30.7 28.9 33.1 28.9 34.3 35.5

2008 ......................................................... 27.7 28.9 25.9 25.3 30.7 27.1 24.7 19.3 21.7 21.7 16.9 15.1

2009 .........................................................

p 8.4 p 6.6

1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and

unadjusted data for the 12-month span.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing

plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where

50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing

and decreasing employment.