Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-11-0086 

8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, January 28, 2011 

Technical information: (202) 691-6199 • NCSinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ect 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

EMPLOYMENT COST INDEX –DECEMBER 2010 

Compensation costs for civilian workers increased 0.4 percent, seasonally adjusted, for the 3-month 

period ending December 2010, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Both wages and 

salaries (which make up about 70 percent of compensation costs) and benefits (which make up the 

remaining 30 percent of compensation) increased 0.4 percent. 

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

Dec 08 M ar 09 Jun 09 Sep 09 Dec 09 M ar 10 Jun 10 Sep 10 Dec 10

Percent change

Chart 2. Employment Cost Index, 12-month percent 

change, not seasonally adjusted, private industry 

workers, total compensation, Dec. 2008-Dec. 2010 

Percent change 

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

Dec 08 M ar 09 Jun 09 Sep 09 Dec 09 M ar 10 Jun 10 Sep 10 Dec 10

Chart 1. Employment Cost Index, 3-month percent 

change, seasonally adjusted, civilian workers, 

compensation, Dec. 2008-Dec. 2010 

Civilian Workers 

Compensation costs for civilian workers increased 2.0 percent for the 12-month period ending 

December 2010. This was higher than in December 2009, when the increase was 1.4 percent. Wages 

and salaries increased 1.6 percent for the current 12-month period; in December 2009 the increase was 

1.5 percent. Benefit costs accelerated to 2.9 percent, up from a 1.5 percent increase for the 12-month 

period ending December 2009 due primarily to increases in retirement costs. 

Private Industry Workers 

Compensation costs for private industry workers increased 2.1 percent over the year, higher than the 

1.2 percent increase for the previous 12-month period. The wage and salary series increased 1.8 percent 

Corrections to ECI Data Series 

Some Employment Cost Index estimates from June 2009 through September 2010 were corrected on 

January 18, 2011. (In some of the seasonally adjusted series, corrections were made to estimates back to 

June 2005.) For further information, see: www.bls.gov/bls/eci_corrections_111910.htm. 
- 2 - 

for the current 12-month period. The change for the period ending December 2009 was 1.3 percent. The 

cost of benefits increased 2.9 percent for the 12-month period ending December 2010, higher than the 

December 2009 increase of 0.9 percent. Employer costs for health benefits rose 5.0 percent for the 12-

month period ending December 2010. In December 2009, the 12-month percent change was 4.3 percent. 

Among occupational groups, compensation cost increases for private industry workers for the 

12-month period ending December 2010 ranged from 1.5 percent for service occupations to 2.4 percent 

for production, transportation, and material moving occupations. 

Among industry supersectors, compensation cost increases for private industry workers for the current 

12-month period ranged from 0.9 percent for construction to 2.8 percent for manufacturing. 

State and Local Government Workers 

Compensation cost increases for State and local government workers decelerated to 1.8 percent for the 

12-month period ending December 2010, down from 2.3 percent for the 12-month period ending 

December 2009. Prior to this quarter, values for this series—which began in June 1982—ranged from 

1.7 percent in June 2010 to 9.6 percent in June 1982. The slowdown in compensation was due to wages 

and salaries, which increased 1.2 percent. Prior values for this series, which also began in June 1982, 

ranged from 1.2 percent in September 2010 to 8.5 percent in June 1982. Benefit costs increased 2.9 

percent. Prior values for this series, which began in June 1990, ranged from 1.2 percent in December 

1997 to 8.3 percent in June 1990. 

The Employment Cost Index for March 2011 is scheduled to be released on Friday, 

April 29, 2011, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT). 

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request— 

Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 

BLS news releases, including the ECI, are available through an e-mail subscription service at: 

www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 
- 3 - 

Table A. Major series of the Employment Cost Index

(Percent change)

CIVILIAN WORKERS1

Compensation2 0.4 0.4 1.4 1.7 1.9 1.9 2.0

Wages and salaries 0.3 0.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6

Benefits 0.6 0.4 1.5 2.2 2.5 2.8 2.9

PRIVATE INDUSTRY

Compensation2 0.4 0.4 1.2 1.6 1.9 2.0 2.1

Wages and salaries 0.4 0.4 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.8

Benefits 0.5 0.4 0.9 2.0 2.4 2.8 2.9

STATE AND LOCAL 

GOVERNMENT

Compensation2 0.2 0.6 2.3 2.0 1.7 1.8 1.8

Wages and salaries -0.2 0.5 1.9 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.2

Benefits 0.8 0.8 3.1 2.5 2.5 2.8 2.9

1

 Includes private industry and State and local government.

2

 Includes wages and salaries and benefits.

Dec. 2010

12-month, not seasonally adjusted

Category

3-month,

seasonally adjusted

Sep. 2010 Dec. 2010 Dec. 2009 Mar. 2010 June 2010. Sep. 2010
- 4 - 

TECHNICAL NOTE 

The Employment Cost Index (ECI) measures the change in the cost of labor, free from the 

influence of employment shifts among occupations and industries. Detailed information on survey 

concepts, coverage, and methods can be found in BLS Handbook of Methods, Chapter 8, “National 

Compensation Measures,” Bureau of Labor Statistics, on the Internet at 

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch8.pdf. 

Sample size

Data for the December 2010 reference period were collected from a probability sample of 

approximately 63,000 occupational observations selected from a sample of about 12,900 establishments 

in private industry and approximately 11,500 occupations from a sample of about 1,800 establishments 

in State and local governments. 

Health insurance data

Data from the ECI that provides 12-month percent changes in employer costs for health 

insurance in private industry are also available at www.bls.gov/ect/sp/echealth.pdf. 

Historical listings

Historical listings that provide all ECI data are available at www.bls.gov/ect/#tables. Included 

among these listings is one that provides continuous occupational and industry series. This listing uses 

the Standard Industrial Classification Manual and Census of Population series through 2005 and the 

North American Industry Classification System and Standard Occupational Classification from 2006 to 

the present. It provides the official series from the beginning of the ECI in 1975 through the current 

quarter. For more information on the criteria used in defining continuous series, see the article published 

in the Monthly Labor Review at www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2006/04/art2full.pdf. 

Employer Costs for Employee Compensation data

The costs per hour worked of compensation components, based on data from the ECI, are 

published in a separate news release titled "Employer Costs for Employee Compensation" (ECEC). The 

next ECEC release is scheduled for 10:00 a.m. (EST), Wednesday, March 9, 2011. Historical ECEC 

data are available in summary documents. Since the ECEC is calculated with current employment 

weights rather than the fixed weights used in computing the ECI, year-to-year changes in the cost levels 

usually differ from those in the ECI. 
Table 1. Employment Cost Index for total compensation1, by occupational group and industry

(Seasonally adjusted)

Occupational group and industry

Indexes (Dec.

2005 = 100) Percent changes for 3-months ended–

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Mar.

2009

June

2009

Sep.

2009

Dec.

2009

Mar.

2010

June

2010

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Civilian workers

All workers2 ................................................................ 112.8 113.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4

Industry

Goods-producing industries3 .................................. 111.0 111.3 .3 .2 .2 .4 .9 .4 .7 .3

Manufacturing ..................................................... 109.9 110.2 .4 .3 .1 .4 1.0 .6 .8 .3

Service-providing industries4 .................................. 113.2 113.8 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .6 .3 .5

Education and health services ............................ 114.4 115.1 .7 .6 .3 .4 .4 .4 .1 .6

Education services ......................................... 114.4 115.1 .9 .7 .0 .5 .4 .5 -.1 .6

Elementary and secondary schools ............ 114.7 115.3 1.0 .6 .3 .5 .4 .6 -.3 .5

Junior colleges, colleges, 

universities, and professional schools ...... 113.4 114.5 .8 .8 -.7 .6 .4 .5 -.1 1.0

Health care and social assistance5 ................ 114.5 115.1 .7 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5

Hospitals ..................................................... 115.1 116.0 .6 .6 .4 .6 .4 .6 .3 .8

Nursing and residential care facilities ......... 112.7 112.8 .5 .4 .5 .2 .4 .4 .4 .1

Public administration .......................................... 116.5 116.8 .8 .7 .4 .4 .3 .5 .8 .3

Private industry workers

All workers .................................................................. 112.1 112.6 .2 .3 .4 .4 .6 .5 .4 .4

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related ................. 112.6 113.2 .0 .2 .2 .4 .5 .5 .4 .5

Management, business, and financial ................ 111.9 112.6 -.4 .2 .1 .5 .7 .5 .3 .6

Professional and related ..................................... 113.2 113.7 .5 .2 .2 .3 .4 .4 .5 .4

Sales and office ...................................................... 111.0 111.6 .1 .1 .6 .5 .5 .7 .3 .5

Sales and related ................................................ 107.2 107.9 -.6 -.3 .7 .5 .7 1.0 -.2 .7

Office and administrative support ....................... 113.7 114.2 .5 .5 .4 .4 .6 .4 .6 .4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 113.0 113.3 .3 .3 .5 .5 .9 .3 .4 .3

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry .............................................................. 114.2 114.4 .2 .2 .5 .5 .7 .2 .6 .2

Installation, maintenance, and repair .................. 111.5 112.0 .3 .5 .3 .5 1.2 .4 .0 .4

Production, transportation, and material moving .... 111.2 111.6 .7 .4 .5 .4 .8 .5 .7 .4

Production .......................................................... 110.6 110.9 .8 .4 .4 .5 1.0 .4 .6 .3

Transportation and material moving ................... 112.0 112.6 .5 .4 .5 .4 .7 .5 .7 .5

Service occupations ............................................... 113.3 113.6 .7 .3 .7 .2 .4 .3 .6 .3

Industry

Goods-producing industries3 .................................. 110.9 111.2 .3 .2 .2 .4 .9 .5 .6 .3

Construction ....................................................... 112.8 112.9 .0 .1 .3 .4 .4 .0 .5 .1

Manufacturing ..................................................... 109.9 110.2 .4 .3 .1 .4 1.0 .6 .8 .3

Aircraft manufacturing .................................... 99.5 99.8 .5 .5 -.2 .4 .2 .2 6.6 .3

Service-providing industries6 .................................. 112.5 113.1 .2 .3 .5 .4 .5 .5 .4 .5

Trade, transportation, and utilities ...................... 111.1 111.5 .2 .3 .5 .3 .9 .8 .3 .4

Retail trade ..................................................... 112.0 112.0 .2 .4 .9 .3 .9 .8 .1 .0

Transportation and warehousing .................... 110.8 111.6 .4 .2 .4 .3 .6 .6 .9 .7

Utilities ............................................................ 117.7 117.9 .4 .7 .5 1.2 2.8 1.0 .9 .2

Information .......................................................... 110.2 110.1 .1 -.1 .5 .4 .4 1.0 .3 -.1

Financial activities .............................................. 110.6 111.7 -.6 .8 .6 .6 .7 .5 .3 1.0

Finance and insurance ................................... 111.0 112.2 -.7 .9 .6 .6 .6 .7 .3 1.1

Credit intermediation and related

activities .................................................... 110.3 111.6 -.3 .8 .3 .7 .6 .6 .6 1.2

Insurance carriers and related activities ..... 112.1 112.6 .5 .4 .5 .3 .8 .5 .2 .4

Real estate and rental and leasing7 ............... 108.8 109.7 -.5 .5 .5 .5 .8 -.4 .4 .8

See footnotes at end of table.

- 5 -
Table 1. Employment Cost Index for total compensation1, by occupational group and industry — Continued

(Seasonally adjusted)

Occupational group and industry

Indexes (Dec.

2005 = 100) Percent changes for 3-months ended–

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Mar.

2009

June

2009

Sep.

2009

Dec.

2009

Mar.

2010

June

2010

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Industry

Professional and business services ................... 114.0 114.7 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6

Professional, scientific, and technical services 116.4 117.4 -.1 .0 .3 .3 .2 .6 .7 .9

Administrative and support and waste

management and remediation services ........ 111.5 112.0 .4 .2 -.1 .7 .3 -.3 .6 .4

Education and health services ............................ 114.2 114.8 .7 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5

Education services ......................................... 114.2 115.0 .6 .4 .2 .4 .1 .4 .4 .7

Junior colleges, colleges, 

universities, and professional schools ...... 114.1 114.9 .8 .4 -.2 .4 .2 .4 .3 .7

Health care and social assistance5 ................ 114.2 114.7 .7 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4

Hospitals ..................................................... 114.9 115.7 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .6 .3 .7

Nursing and residential care facilities ......... 112.0 112.2 .5 .3 .5 .2 .5 .3 .3 .2

Leisure and hospitality ........................................ 113.8 114.1 .6 .0 .4 .2 .4 .3 .2 .3

Accommodation and food services ................. 114.6 114.8 .5 .0 .5 .2 .2 .4 .3 .2

Other services, except public administration ...... 113.1 113.6 .5 -.1 1.0 .2 .1 .5 .4 .4

State and local government workers

All workers .................................................................. 115.4 116.1 .8 .8 .1 .5 .4 .6 .2 .6

Industry

Education and health services ............................ 114.7 115.4 .8 .9 -.1 .6 .4 .5 -.1 .6

Education services ......................................... 114.4 115.1 .9 .7 .0 .6 .4 .5 -.2 .6

Schools ....................................................... 114.4 115.1 .9 .7 .0 .6 .4 .5 -.2 .6

Elementary and secondary schools ........ 114.8 115.4 1.0 .6 .4 .4 .5 .5 -.2 .5

Health care and social assistance5 ................ 116.9 117.9 .0 1.3 .1 .5 .3 .4 .4 .9

Hospitals ..................................................... 116.0 117.2 .7 1.2 .3 .6 .4 .6 .3 1.0

Public administration .......................................... 116.5 116.8 .8 .7 .4 .4 .3 .5 .8 .3

1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits. 2 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in

private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal

government. 3 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. 4 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade;

transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance;

real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services;

management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste

services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts,

entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other

services, except public administration; and public administration. 5 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not

shown separately. 6 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade;

transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance;

real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services;

management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste

services; education services; health care and social assistance; arts,

entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other

services, except public administration. 7 Seasonally adjusted indexes and 3-month percent changes for this

series are being published for the first time with the 2010 seasonal adjustment

revisions. Historical data for this series are published beginning with March

2005.

NOTE: ECI series are reviewed annually for seasonality. Seasonal adjustment

was discontinued for the private wholesale trade compensation series as of

March 2010, as no identifiable seasonality was found for this series.

- 6 -
Table 2. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, by occupational group and industry

(Seasonally adjusted)

Occupational group and industry

Indexes (Dec.

2005 = 100) Percent changes for 3-months ended–

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Mar.

2009

June

2009

Sep.

2009

Dec.

2009

Mar.

2010

June

2010

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Civilian workers

All workers1 ................................................................ 112.5 113.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4

Industry

Goods-producing industries2 .................................. 111.5 111.8 .1 .2 .4 .4 .3 .3 .6 .3

Manufacturing ..................................................... 110.5 111.0 .1 .3 .3 .5 .2 .5 .5 .5

Service-providing industries3 .................................. 112.8 113.3 .4 .4 .4 .5 .4 .5 .3 .4

Education and health services ............................ 113.4 113.9 .7 .5 .1 .4 .4 .4 .0 .4

Education services ......................................... 112.6 113.2 .7 .6 -.2 .5 .5 .4 -.3 .5

Elementary and secondary schools ............ 112.7 113.2 .7 .5 .1 .4 .6 .6 -.4 .4

Junior colleges, colleges, 

universities, and professional schools ...... 111.9 112.8 .7 .8 -1.1 .8 .3 .4 -.3 .8

Health care and social assistance4 ................ 114.3 114.7 .7 .5 .4 .3 .4 .4 .3 .3

Hospitals ..................................................... 114.8 115.4 .5 .6 .4 .5 .3 .5 .2 .5

Public administration .......................................... 113.8 114.0 .7 .7 .4 .3 .3 .4 .2 .2

Private industry workers

All workers .................................................................. 112.4 112.9 .2 .3 .4 .5 .3 .5 .4 .4

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related ................. 113.4 113.9 .2 .2 .2 .4 .5 .5 .4 .4

Management, business, and financial ................ 112.8 113.4 -.2 .1 .2 .5 .8 .6 .3 .6

Professional and related ..................................... 113.8 114.2 .5 .3 .2 .2 .5 .5 .6 .4

Sales and office ...................................................... 110.8 111.5 .1 .1 .6 .5 .4 .6 .3 .6

Sales and related ................................................ 107.5 108.4 -.6 -.3 .8 .5 .9 1.0 -.3 .9

Office and administrative support ....................... 113.3 113.8 .5 .5 .4 .5 .1 .3 .7 .4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 113.0 113.3 .2 .3 .5 .5 .4 .2 .2 .3

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry .............................................................. 113.8 114.0 .0 .2 .4 .4 .3 .2 .5 .2

Installation, maintenance, and repair .................. 112.0 112.5 .5 .4 .4 .5 .9 -.1 -.1 .5

Production, transportation, and material moving .... 110.9 111.3 .4 .5 .5 .4 .2 .4 .5 .4

Production .......................................................... 110.4 110.7 .5 .3 .5 .6 .1 .3 .5 .3

Transportation and material moving ................... 111.6 112.2 .4 .5 .5 .4 .3 .3 .8 .6

Industry

Goods-producing industries2 .................................. 111.5 111.8 .1 .2 .4 .4 .3 .3 .6 .3

Construction ....................................................... 112.8 112.7 .2 .1 .3 .2 .3 .0 .5 -.1

Manufacturing ..................................................... 110.5 111.0 .1 .3 .3 .5 .2 .5 .5 .5

Aircraft manufacturing .................................... 114.7 115.3 .8 .8 .9 .6 .5 .5 1.0 .5

Service-providing industries5 .................................. 112.6 113.2 .3 .3 .4 .5 .4 .5 .4 .5

Trade, transportation, and utilities ...................... 110.6 111.0 .3 .3 .5 .4 .6 .7 .2 .4

Transportation and warehousing .................... 110.4 111.2 .3 .3 .4 .4 .4 .4 1.0 .7

Utilities ............................................................ 115.4 115.9 1.1 .5 .4 1.2 .3 .3 .9 .4

Information .......................................................... 110.7 110.7 .1 .3 .5 .6 .3 .6 .4 .0

Financial activities .............................................. 111.0 112.4 -.7 .8 .6 .7 .5 .8 .3 1.3

Finance and insurance ................................... 111.9 113.5 -.9 1.1 .6 .8 .4 1.2 .4 1.4

Credit intermediation and related

activities .................................................... 109.0 110.7 -.2 .5 .5 1.0 -.8 .9 .7 1.6

Insurance carriers and related

activities .................................................... 112.1 112.8 .4 .3 .5 .2 .6 .6 .2 .6

Professional and business services ................... 114.4 115.1 .1 .1 .1 .5 .2 .4 .8 .6

Professional, scientific, and technical services 116.5 117.4 .0 -.1 .3 .3 .3 .6 .8 .7

Administrative and support and waste

management and remediation services ........ 111.8 112.3 .4 .3 -.1 1.0 -.1 -.2 .6 .5

See footnotes at end of table.

- 7 -
Table 2. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, by occupational group and industry — Continued

(Seasonally adjusted)

Occupational group and industry

Indexes (Dec.

2005 = 100) Percent changes for 3-months ended–

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Mar.

2009

June

2009

Sep.

2009

Dec.

2009

Mar.

2010

June

2010

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Industry

Education and health services ............................ 114.0 114.4 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

Education services ......................................... 113.7 114.4 .5 .4 .1 .6 .0 .6 .4 .6

Junior colleges, colleges, 

universities, and professional schools ...... 113.4 114.0 .7 .4 -.4 .7 .2 .7 .2 .6

Health care and social assistance4 ................ 114.1 114.4 .8 .4 .5 .3 .4 .4 .4 .3

Hospitals ..................................................... 114.6 115.2 .6 .5 .4 .5 .3 .6 .2 .5

Leisure and hospitality ........................................ 114.7 115.0 .6 .0 .5 .2 .4 .2 .2 .3

Accommodation and food services ................. 115.0 115.3 .6 .0 .5 .2 .2 .4 .1 .3

Other services, except public administration ...... 113.2 113.6 .5 .0 .9 .2 -.3 .4 .6 .4

State and local government workers

All workers .................................................................. 113.1 113.7 .6 .7 .0 .4 .4 .4 -.2 .5

Industry

Education and health services ............................ 112.7 113.4 .6 .7 -.2 .4 .6 .4 -.4 .6

Education services ......................................... 112.4 113.0 .7 .7 -.3 .5 .6 .5 -.4 .5

Schools ....................................................... 112.4 113.0 .7 .7 -.3 .5 .6 .5 -.4 .5

Elementary and secondary schools ........ 112.7 113.2 .6 .6 .1 .4 .7 .6 -.4 .4

Health care and social assistance4 ................ 116.0 116.8 -.3 1.5 .0 .3 .3 .3 .0 .7

Hospitals ..................................................... 115.6 116.4 .5 1.2 .0 .6 .2 .5 -.1 .7

Public administration .......................................... 113.8 114.0 .7 .7 .4 .3 .3 .4 .2 .2

1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in

private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal

government. 2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. 3 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade;

transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance;

real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services;

management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste

services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts,

entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other

services, except public administration; and public administration. 4 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not

shown separately.

5 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade;

transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance;

real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services;

management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste

services; education services; health care and social assistance; arts,

entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other

services, except public administration.

NOTE: ECI series are reviewed annually for seasonality. Seasonal adjustment

was discontinued for the civilian nursing home and private retail trade wage

series as of March 2010, as no identifiable seasonality was found for these

series.

- 8 -
Table 3. Employment Cost Index for benefits, by occupational group and industry

(Seasonally adjusted)

Occupational group and industry

Indexes (Dec.

2005 = 100) Percent changes for 3-months ended–

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Mar.

2009

June

2009

Sep.

2009

Dec.

2009

Mar.

2010

June

2010

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Civilian workers

All workers1 ................................................................ 113.5 114.0 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.4

Private industry workers

All workers .................................................................. 111.6 112.1 .2 .2 .3 .3 1.4 .5 .5 .4

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related ................. 110.9 111.6 -.4 .3 .0 .3 .8 .4 .5 .6

Sales and office ...................................................... 111.6 111.8 .1 .1 .4 .3 1.3 .8 .5 .2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 112.9 113.3 .4 .3 .6 .4 1.9 .4 .6 .4

Production, transportation, and material moving .... 111.7 112.2 1.1 .3 .4 .4 2.2 .7 .9 .4

Service occupations ............................................... 113.2 113.8 .4 .4 .5 .4 .6 .8 .7 .5

Industry

Goods-producing industries2 .................................. 109.9 110.2 .6 .2 .0 .4 2.3 .5 .9 .3

Manufacturing ..................................................... 108.7 108.9 .8 .2 -.2 .3 2.8 .8 1.2 .2

Service-providing industries3 .................................. 112.3 112.8 .1 .2 .4 .3 1.0 .5 .4 .4

State and local government workers

All workers .................................................................. 120.1 121.1 1.0 1.0 .4 .8 .3 .9 .8 .8

1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in

private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal

government. 2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. 3 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade;

transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance;

real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services;

management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste

services; education services; health care and social assistance; arts,

entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other

services, except public administration.

NOTE: ECI series are reviewed annually for seasonality. Seasonal adjustment

was discontinued for the private aircraft manufacturing benefit cost series as

of March 2010, as no identifiable seasonality was found for this series.

- 9 -
Table 4. Employment Cost Index for total compensation1, for civilian workers, by occupational group and

industry

(Not seasonally adjusted)

Occupational group and industry

Indexes (Dec. 2005 = 100) Percent changes for–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

3-months ended– 12-months ended–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Civilian workers

All workers2 ................................................................ 111.0 112.9 113.2 0.2 0.5 0.3 1.4 1.9 2.0

Excluding incentive paid occupations3 ............... 111.5 113.4 113.7 .2 .5 .3 1.5 1.9 2.0

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related ................. 111.6 113.4 113.7 .1 .5 .3 1.1 1.7 1.9

Management, business, and financial ................ 110.4 112.3 112.7 .2 .2 .4 .5 1.9 2.1

Professional and related ..................................... 112.3 114.1 114.3 .1 .8 .2 1.4 1.7 1.8

Sales and office ...................................................... 109.7 111.6 112.1 .4 .4 .4 1.3 2.1 2.2

Sales and related ................................................ 105.8 107.4 108.1 .4 -.1 .7 .3 1.9 2.2

Office and administrative support ....................... 112.1 114.1 114.4 .3 .6 .3 1.9 2.1 2.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 111.5 113.4 113.6 .3 .4 .2 1.5 2.0 1.9

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry .............................................................. 112.5 114.4 114.5 .3 .6 .1 1.5 2.0 1.8

Installation, maintenance, and repair .................. 110.4 112.2 112.6 .4 .2 .4 1.7 2.0 2.0

Production, transportation, and material moving .... 109.2 111.7 111.9 .2 .8 .2 1.9 2.5 2.5

Production .......................................................... 108.3 110.8 110.9 .2 .7 .1 2.0 2.5 2.4

Transportation and material moving ................... 110.4 112.9 113.3 .2 .9 .4 1.8 2.5 2.6

Service occupations ............................................... 112.9 114.6 114.9 .3 .8 .3 2.1 1.8 1.8

Industry

Goods-producing industries4 .................................. 108.6 111.0 111.1 .2 .6 .1 1.0 2.4 2.3

Manufacturing ..................................................... 107.0 109.9 110.0 .2 .7 .1 1.0 2.9 2.8

Service-providing industries5 .................................. 111.5 113.3 113.6 .3 .6 .3 1.5 1.9 1.9

Education and health services ............................ 113.4 114.8 115.2 .3 .8 .3 2.1 1.5 1.6

Education services ......................................... 113.6 115.1 115.3 .1 1.1 .2 2.1 1.4 1.5

Elementary and secondary schools ............ 114.1 115.5 115.5 .1 1.1 .0 2.4 1.3 1.2

Junior colleges, colleges, 

universities, and professional schools ...... 112.7 114.0 114.6 .3 1.0 .5 1.6 1.4 1.7

Health care and social assistance6 ................ 113.1 114.6 115.0 .3 .4 .3 2.1 1.6 1.7

Hospitals ..................................................... 113.4 115.2 115.9 .4 .4 .6 2.3 2.0 2.2

Nursing and residential care facilities ......... 111.4 112.7 112.7 .2 .4 .0 1.6 1.3 1.2

Public administration7 ......................................... 114.6 116.6 116.8 .4 1.0 .2 2.3 2.1 1.9

1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits. 2 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in

private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal

government. 3 The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in

this table.

4 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. 5 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade;

transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and

insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical

services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and

waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance;

arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services;

other services, except public administration; and public administration. 6 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not

shown separately. 7 Some estimates from June 2009 through September 2010 for this

series were corrected on January 18, 2011. For further information, see: 

www.bls.gov/bls/eci_corrections_111910.htm.

- 10 -
Table 5. Employment Cost Index for total compensation1, for private industry workers, by occupational group

and industry

(Not seasonally adjusted)

Occupational group and industry

Indexes (Dec. 2005 = 100) Percent changes for–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

3-months ended– 12-months ended–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Private industry workers

All workers ...................................................................... 110.2 112.2 112.5 0.2 0.4 0.3 1.2 2.0 2.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations2 ................... 110.8 112.8 113.1 .2 .4 .3 1.2 2.0 2.1

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related ..................... 110.7 112.7 113.0 .1 .4 .3 .7 1.9 2.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations2 ........... 110.8 112.8 113.1 .0 .4 .3 .6 1.8 2.1

Management, business, and financial .................... 109.9 112.0 112.3 .2 .3 .3 .4 2.1 2.2

Excluding incentive paid occupations2 ........... 110.3 112.4 112.7 .1 .4 .3 .3 2.0 2.2

Professional and related ......................................... 111.4 113.3 113.5 .0 .6 .2 1.0 1.7 1.9

Sales and office .......................................................... 109.2 111.1 111.6 .4 .3 .5 1.2 2.1 2.2

Excluding incentive paid occupations2 ........... 111.4 113.0 113.3 .3 .2 .3 1.5 1.7 1.7

Sales and related .................................................... 105.8 107.4 108.1 .5 -.1 .7 .3 2.0 2.2

Excluding incentive paid occupations2 ........... 111.0 111.7 111.8 .4 -.4 .1 1.2 1.0 .7

Office and administrative support ........................... 111.6 113.7 114.0 .3 .5 .3 1.8 2.2 2.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance .... 111.2 113.1 113.3 .4 .4 .2 1.5 2.1 1.9

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry .................................................................. 112.4 114.3 114.4 .4 .6 .1 1.4 2.1 1.8

Installation, maintenance, and repair ...................... 109.8 111.6 111.9 .4 .1 .3 1.6 2.0 1.9

Production, transportation, and material moving ........ 108.9 111.3 111.5 .3 .7 .2 1.9 2.5 2.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations2 ........... 109.1 111.5 111.7 .4 .7 .2 2.0 2.6 2.4

Production .............................................................. 108.2 110.7 110.8 .2 .6 .1 2.0 2.5 2.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations2 ........... 108.4 110.8 111.0 .4 .6 .2 2.0 2.6 2.4

Transportation and material moving ....................... 109.7 112.2 112.5 .1 .9 .3 1.7 2.4 2.6

Service occupations ................................................... 111.8 113.3 113.5 .1 .5 .2 1.8 1.4 1.5

Industry and occupational group

Goods-producing industries3 ...................................... 108.6 111.0 111.1 .2 .6 .1 1.0 2.4 2.3

Excluding incentive paid occupations2 ........... 108.9 111.3 111.4 .2 .6 .1 1.0 2.4 2.3

Management, professional, and related ............. 106.4 109.2 109.1 -.1 .6 -.1 -.2 2.5 2.5

Sales and office .................................................. 107.8 109.7 110.2 .3 .8 .5 .7 2.0 2.2

Natural resources, construction, and

maintenance ..................................................... 111.7 113.6 113.7 .4 .5 .1 1.2 2.1 1.8

Production, transportation, and material moving 108.0 110.6 110.8 .2 .7 .2 1.7 2.6 2.6

Construction ........................................................... 111.7 112.8 112.7 .2 .4 -.1 .7 1.2 .9

Manufacturing ......................................................... 107.0 109.9 110.0 .2 .7 .1 1.0 2.9 2.8

Management, professional, and related ......... 105.5 108.8 108.8 .1 .7 .0 .1 3.2 3.1

Sales and office .............................................. 107.5 110.3 110.8 .3 1.2 .5 .5 2.9 3.1

Natural resources, construction, and

maintenance ................................................. 107.7 110.9 110.9 .3 .7 .0 1.6 3.3 3.0

Production, transportation, and material

moving .......................................................... 107.7 110.3 110.5 .2 .6 .2 1.8 2.6 2.6

Aircraft manufacturing ........................................ 92.4 99.4 99.3 .0 6.4 -.1 1.2 7.6 7.5

See footnotes at end of table.

- 11 -
Table 5. Employment Cost Index for total compensation1, for private industry workers, by occupational group

and industry — Continued

(Not seasonally adjusted)

Occupational group and industry

Indexes (Dec. 2005 = 100) Percent changes for–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

3-months ended– 12-months ended–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Service-providing industries4 ...................................... 110.8 112.6 113.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 1.3 1.9 2.0

Excluding incentive paid occupations2 ........... 111.5 113.3 113.6 .2 .4 .3 1.3 1.8 1.9

Management, professional, and related ............. 111.6 113.4 113.7 .2 .4 .3 .9 1.8 1.9

Sales and office .................................................. 109.4 111.3 111.8 .4 .3 .4 1.3 2.1 2.2

Natural resources, construction, and

maintenance ..................................................... 110.4 112.2 112.6 .3 .0 .4 1.8 1.9 2.0

Production, transportation, and material moving 109.9 112.3 112.5 .2 .9 .2 1.9 2.4 2.4

Service occupations ........................................... 111.9 113.3 113.5 .2 .5 .2 1.9 1.4 1.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities .......................... 108.8 111.1 111.4 .2 .2 .3 1.2 2.3 2.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations2 ....... 110.3 112.3 112.5 .2 .2 .2 1.5 2.0 2.0

Wholesale trade .................................................. 107.0 108.7 109.5 .2 -.2 .7 .2 1.8 2.3

Excluding incentive paid occupations2 ....... 110.5 111.3 111.7 .4 -.4 .4 1.3 1.1 1.1

Retail trade ......................................................... 110.0 112.0 112.0 .3 .1 .0 1.8 2.1 1.8

Excluding incentive paid occupations2 ....... 110.8 112.7 112.8 .2 .4 .1 1.5 1.9 1.8

Transportation and warehousing ........................ 108.2 110.9 111.3 -.1 .8 .4 1.2 2.4 2.9

Utilities ................................................................ 112.0 117.8 117.5 .7 .7 -.3 2.8 5.9 4.9

Information .............................................................. 108.3 110.2 110.0 .3 .4 -.2 .8 2.0 1.6

Financial activities .................................................. 108.6 110.6 111.4 .3 .1 .7 1.4 2.1 2.6

Excluding incentive paid occupations2 ....... 110.4 112.0 112.3 .3 .1 .3 1.5 1.7 1.7

Finance and insurance ....................................... 108.8 111.0 111.8 .2 .0 .7 1.5 2.2 2.8

Credit intermediation and related

activities ........................................................ 108.2 110.1 111.4 .7 .2 1.2 1.6 2.4 3.0

Excluding incentive paid occupations2 ....... 111.3 113.6 113.9 .0 .1 .3 1.1 2.1 2.3

Insurance carriers and related activities ......... 110.0 112.2 112.2 -.2 .0 .0 1.7 1.8 2.0

Excluding incentive paid occupations2 ....... 110.8 112.7 112.7 .3 -.2 .0 2.1 2.0 1.7

Real estate and rental and leasing ..................... 107.7 108.8 109.4 .3 .4 .6 1.0 1.3 1.6

Excluding incentive paid occupations2 ....... 110.6 111.9 112.3 .2 .5 .4 .9 1.4 1.5

Professional and business services ....................... 112.4 114.0 114.6 .4 .5 .5 .7 1.8 2.0

Professional, scientific, and technical services ... 114.5 116.4 117.2 .2 .6 .7 .5 1.8 2.4

Administrative and support and waste

management and remediation services ............ 110.7 111.5 111.9 .6 .5 .4 1.2 1.4 1.1

Education and health services ................................ 112.8 114.3 114.7 .2 .5 .3 2.0 1.5 1.7

Education services ............................................. 113.2 114.7 115.0 .0 1.2 .3 1.7 1.3 1.6

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and

professional schools ..................................... 113.1 114.7 115.0 -.1 1.2 .3 1.3 1.3 1.7

Health care and social assistance5 .................... 112.8 114.2 114.6 .3 .4 .4 2.1 1.5 1.6

Hospitals ......................................................... 113.2 115.0 115.6 .5 .4 .5 2.3 2.1 2.1

Nursing and residential care facilities ............. 110.9 112.0 112.1 .2 .3 .1 1.5 1.2 1.1

Nursing care facilities2 ................................ 111.2 112.6 112.6 .3 .4 .0 1.6 1.5 1.3

Leisure and hospitality ............................................ 112.7 113.9 114.1 .0 .4 .2 1.2 1.1 1.2

Accommodation and food services ..................... 113.5 114.6 114.8 .1 .4 .2 1.2 1.1 1.1

Other services, except public administration .......... 111.5 113.3 113.2 -.3 .5 -.1 1.5 1.3 1.5

1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits. 2 The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in

this table.

3 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. 4 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade;

transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance;

real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services;

management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste

services; education services; health care and social assistance; arts,

entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other

services, except public administration. 5 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not

shown separately.

- 12 -
Table 6. Employment Cost Index for total compensation1, for private industry workers, by bargaining status

and census region and division

(Not seasonally adjusted)

Bargaining status and census region and division

Indexes (Dec. 2005 = 100) Percent changes for–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

3-months ended– 12-months ended–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Bargaining status

Union ...................................................................... 111.1 114.6 114.8 0.5 0.8 0.2 2.9 3.7 3.3

Goods-producing industries2 .............................. 110.0 113.8 113.9 .5 1.1 .1 2.9 3.9 3.5

Manufacturing ................................................. 105.8 110.5 110.5 .5 1.3 .0 2.9 4.9 4.4

Service-providing industries3 .............................. 111.9 115.2 115.5 .5 .6 .3 2.8 3.5 3.2

Nonunion ................................................................ 110.1 111.8 112.1 .2 .4 .3 .9 1.7 1.8

Goods-producing industries2 .............................. 108.2 110.1 110.2 .2 .5 .1 .5 1.9 1.8

Manufacturing ................................................. 107.5 109.9 110.0 .2 .6 .1 .7 2.4 2.3

Service-providing industries3 .............................. 110.6 112.3 112.7 .2 .4 .4 1.1 1.7 1.9

Census region and division4

Northeast ................................................................ 111.0 113.1 113.6 .3 .4 .4 1.4 2.2 2.3

New England ...................................................... 111.5 113.4 114.1 .3 .3 .6 1.8 2.0 2.3

Middle Atlantic .................................................... 110.8 113.0 113.4 .2 .4 .4 1.2 2.2 2.3

South ...................................................................... 110.7 112.5 112.8 .1 .4 .3 1.3 1.7 1.9

South Atlantic ..................................................... 111.5 113.0 113.3 .2 .4 .3 1.5 1.5 1.6

East South Central ............................................. 109.3 111.0 110.9 .1 .2 -.1 1.2 1.6 1.5

West South Central ............................................ 109.9 112.2 112.7 .0 .7 .4 .8 2.1 2.5

Midwest .................................................................. 108.6 111.0 111.3 .2 .5 .3 .9 2.4 2.5

East North Central .............................................. 107.8 110.3 110.5 .3 .5 .2 .7 2.6 2.5

West North Central ............................................. 110.7 112.8 113.2 .1 .7 .4 1.6 2.0 2.3

West ....................................................................... 110.6 112.3 112.5 .3 .5 .2 1.1 1.8 1.7

Mountain ............................................................. 111.0 113.0 112.8 .1 .6 -.2 .5 1.9 1.6

Pacific ................................................................. 110.5 112.0 112.4 .4 .4 .4 1.3 1.7 1.7

1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits. 2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. 3 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade;

transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and

insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical

services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and

waste services; education services; health care and social assistance; arts,

entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other

services, except public administration. 4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the

census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts,

New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey,

New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of

Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina,

Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky,

Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana,

Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio,

and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri,

Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado,

Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific:

Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.

NOTE: The indexes for these series are not strictly comparable to those

for the aggregate, occupation, and industry series. Dashes indicate data

not available.

- 13 -
Table 7. Employment Cost Index for total compensation1, for State and local government workers, by

occupational group and industry

(Not seasonally adjusted)

Occupational group and industry

Indexes (Dec. 2005 = 100) Percent changes for–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

3-months ended– 12-months ended–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

State and local government workers

All workers .................................................................. 114.2 115.9 116.2 0.3 1.0 0.3 2.3 1.8 1.8

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related ................. 113.8 115.3 115.5 .2 1.0 .2 2.0 1.5 1.5

Professional and related ..................................... 113.9 115.3 115.5 .3 1.0 .2 2.2 1.5 1.4

Sales and office2 .................................................... 114.4 116.4 116.6 .3 1.0 .2 2.8 2.0 1.9

Office and administrative support ....................... 114.7 116.8 116.9 .3 1.0 .1 2.6 2.1 1.9

Service occupations ............................................... 115.3 117.6 118.0 .5 1.2 .3 2.6 2.5 2.3

Industry

Education and health services ................................ 113.9 115.4 115.6 .2 1.1 .2 2.2 1.5 1.5

Education services ............................................. 113.7 115.1 115.3 .2 1.1 .2 2.2 1.4 1.4

Schools3 ......................................................... 113.7 115.1 115.3 .2 1.1 .2 2.2 1.4 1.4

Elementary and secondary schools ............ 114.1 115.6 115.6 .1 1.1 .0 2.4 1.4 1.3

Health care and social assistance2,4 .................. 115.4 117.2 117.9 .3 .8 .6 1.9 1.8 2.2

Hospitals ......................................................... 114.3 116.1 117.0 .4 .4 .8 2.7 1.9 2.4

Public administration2 ............................................. 114.6 116.6 116.8 .4 1.0 .2 2.3 2.1 1.9

1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits. 2 Some estimates from June 2009 through September 2010 for this

series were corrected on January 18, 2011. For further information, see: 

www.bls.gov/bls/eci_corrections_111910.htm.

3 Includes elementary and secondary schools; junior colleges;

colleges, universities, and professional schools. 4 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not

shown separately.

- 14 -
Table 8. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for civilian workers, by occupational group and

industry

(Not seasonally adjusted)

Occupational group and industry

Indexes (Dec. 2005 = 100) Percent changes for–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

3-months ended– 12-months ended–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Civilian workers

All workers1 ................................................................ 111.2 112.6 113.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 1.5 1.5 1.6

Excluding incentive paid occupations2 ............... 111.8 113.2 113.4 .3 .5 .2 1.5 1.5 1.4

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related ................. 111.7 113.4 113.7 .2 .5 .3 1.1 1.7 1.8

Management, business, and financial ................ 110.9 112.8 113.2 .3 .2 .4 .7 2.0 2.1

Professional and related ..................................... 112.2 113.7 113.9 .1 .7 .2 1.4 1.4 1.5

Sales and office ...................................................... 109.6 111.1 111.7 .4 .3 .5 1.4 1.7 1.9

Sales and related ................................................ 106.2 107.7 108.6 .5 -.3 .8 .6 1.9 2.3

Office and administrative support ....................... 111.9 113.3 113.6 .4 .5 .3 1.9 1.6 1.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 112.1 113.2 113.4 .4 .3 .2 1.4 1.3 1.2

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry .............................................................. 112.7 113.8 113.9 .4 .5 .1 1.3 1.3 1.1

Installation, maintenance, and repair .................. 111.5 112.5 112.8 .4 .1 .3 1.7 1.3 1.2

Production, transportation, and material moving .... 109.8 111.3 111.5 .2 .7 .2 1.7 1.6 1.5

Production .......................................................... 109.3 110.6 110.6 .2 .5 .0 1.7 1.4 1.2

Transportation and material moving ................... 110.4 112.1 112.5 .2 .9 .4 1.8 1.7 1.9

Service occupations ............................................... 112.6 113.7 113.9 .2 .5 .2 2.1 1.2 1.2

Industry

Goods-producing industries3 .................................. 110.1 111.5 111.6 .3 .5 .1 1.0 1.5 1.4

Manufacturing ..................................................... 108.9 110.6 110.7 .3 .5 .1 1.1 1.8 1.7

Service-providing industries4 .................................. 111.4 112.9 113.2 .3 .4 .3 1.5 1.6 1.6

Education and health services ............................ 112.5 113.7 114.0 .2 .6 .3 1.8 1.2 1.3

Education services ......................................... 112.0 113.2 113.4 .2 .8 .2 1.6 1.3 1.2

Elementary and secondary schools ............ 112.1 113.4 113.4 .1 .8 .0 1.8 1.2 1.2

Junior colleges, colleges, 

universities, and professional schools ...... 111.7 112.5 113.0 .4 .8 .4 1.3 1.2 1.2

Health care and social assistance5 ................ 113.1 114.3 114.7 .3 .4 .3 2.0 1.3 1.4

Hospitals ..................................................... 113.6 114.9 115.4 .4 .3 .4 2.1 1.5 1.6

Nursing and residential care facilities ......... 111.6 112.6 112.6 .3 .4 .0 1.7 1.2 .9

Public administration6 ......................................... 112.8 113.8 114.0 .3 .4 .2 2.2 1.2 1.1

1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in

private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal

government. 2 The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in

this table.

3 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. 4 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade;

transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and

insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical

services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and

waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance;

arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services;

other services, except public administration; and public administration. 5 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not

shown separately. 6 Some estimates from June 2009 through September 2010 for this

series were corrected on January 18, 2011. For further information, see: 

www.bls.gov/bls/eci_corrections_111910.htm.

- 15 -
Table 9. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for private industry workers, by occupational group and

industry

(Not seasonally adjusted)

Occupational group and industry

Indexes (Dec. 2005 = 100) Percent changes for–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

3-months ended– 12-months ended–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Private industry workers

All workers ...................................................................... 110.8 112.4 112.8 0.2 0.4 0.4 1.3 1.6 1.8

Excluding incentive paid occupations1 ................... 111.6 113.1 113.4 .3 .4 .3 1.4 1.6 1.6

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related ..................... 111.5 113.4 113.7 .2 .4 .3 .9 1.9 2.0

Excluding incentive paid occupations1 ........... 111.7 113.6 113.9 .2 .5 .3 .9 1.9 2.0

Management, business, and financial .................... 110.8 112.8 113.2 .4 .2 .4 .7 2.2 2.2

Excluding incentive paid occupations1 ........... 111.2 113.4 113.7 .1 .5 .3 .5 2.1 2.2

Professional and related ......................................... 112.1 113.9 114.1 .0 .6 .2 1.1 1.6 1.8

Sales and office .......................................................... 109.4 110.9 111.5 .4 .2 .5 1.3 1.7 1.9

Excluding incentive paid occupations1 ........... 111.9 113.0 113.3 .4 .2 .3 1.7 1.3 1.3

Sales and related .................................................... 106.2 107.8 108.7 .5 -.2 .8 .5 2.0 2.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations1 ........... 112.1 112.5 112.7 .4 -.5 .2 1.5 .7 .5

Office and administrative support ........................... 111.8 113.3 113.6 .4 .6 .3 1.9 1.7 1.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance .... 112.0 113.1 113.3 .4 .3 .2 1.4 1.3 1.2

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and

forestry .................................................................. 112.7 113.9 114.0 .4 .5 .1 1.1 1.4 1.2

Installation, maintenance, and repair ...................... 111.2 112.1 112.5 .5 .0 .4 1.7 1.3 1.2

Production, transportation, and material moving ........ 109.6 111.1 111.3 .2 .7 .2 1.7 1.6 1.6

Excluding incentive paid occupations1 ........... 109.9 111.3 111.5 .3 .6 .2 1.8 1.6 1.5

Production .............................................................. 109.3 110.5 110.5 .3 .5 .0 1.8 1.4 1.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations1 ........... 109.4 110.7 110.8 .3 .5 .1 1.7 1.5 1.3

Transportation and material moving ....................... 110.1 111.8 112.2 .2 .9 .4 1.7 1.7 1.9

Service occupations ................................................... 112.3 113.3 113.5 .2 .5 .2 2.0 1.1 1.1

Industry and occupational group

Goods-producing industries2 ...................................... 110.0 111.5 111.6 .2 .5 .1 .9 1.5 1.5

Excluding incentive paid occupations1 ........... 110.5 111.9 112.1 .3 .4 .2 1.0 1.5 1.4

Management, professional, and related ............. 109.4 111.6 111.4 .0 .5 -.2 .6 2.0 1.8

Sales and office .................................................. 108.7 109.9 110.5 .3 .9 .5 .7 1.4 1.7

Natural resources, construction, and

maintenance ..................................................... 112.3 113.5 113.5 .4 .5 .0 .9 1.4 1.1

Production, transportation, and material moving 109.1 110.4 110.5 .2 .5 .1 1.4 1.4 1.3

Construction ........................................................... 111.9 112.8 112.7 .2 .5 -.1 .7 1.0 .7

Manufacturing ......................................................... 108.9 110.6 110.7 .3 .5 .1 1.1 1.8 1.7

Management, professional, and related ......... 108.7 111.2 111.2 .1 .5 .0 .8 2.4 2.3

Sales and office .............................................. 108.6 110.4 111.1 .4 1.3 .6 .5 2.0 2.3

Natural resources, construction, and

maintenance ................................................. 109.9 111.4 111.4 .2 .5 .0 .8 1.5 1.4

Production, transportation, and material

moving .......................................................... 108.9 110.1 110.2 .3 .5 .1 1.5 1.4 1.2

Aircraft manufacturing ........................................ 111.5 114.5 114.4 .0 .5 -.1 3.1 2.7 2.6

See footnotes at end of table.

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Table 9. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for private industry workers, by occupational group and

industry — Continued

(Not seasonally adjusted)

Occupational group and industry

Indexes (Dec. 2005 = 100) Percent changes for–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

3-months ended– 12-months ended–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Service-providing industries3 ...................................... 111.1 112.7 113.1 0.3 0.4 0.4 1.4 1.7 1.8

Excluding incentive paid occupations1 ........... 111.9 113.4 113.8 .2 .4 .4 1.5 1.5 1.7

Management, professional, and related ............. 111.9 113.7 114.1 .2 .4 .4 1.0 1.8 2.0

Sales and office .................................................. 109.5 111.0 111.6 .5 .1 .5 1.4 1.8 1.9

Natural resources, construction, and

maintenance ..................................................... 111.6 112.6 113.0 .4 -.1 .4 2.1 1.3 1.3

Production, transportation, and material moving 110.2 111.9 112.2 .2 .9 .3 1.9 1.7 1.8

Service occupations ........................................... 112.3 113.3 113.5 .1 .4 .2 2.0 1.0 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities .......................... 108.9 110.6 111.0 .2 .1 .4 1.4 1.7 1.9

Excluding incentive paid occupations1 ....... 110.8 112.0 112.2 .3 .2 .2 1.7 1.4 1.3

Wholesale trade .................................................. 106.4 107.7 108.5 .2 -.4 .7 .0 1.4 2.0

Excluding incentive paid occupations1 ....... 110.7 110.7 111.0 .3 -.7 .3 1.3 .3 .3

Retail trade ......................................................... 110.4 112.0 112.0 .4 .0 .0 2.1 1.8 1.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations1 ....... 111.2 112.7 112.8 .2 .4 .1 1.7 1.5 1.4

Transportation and warehousing ........................ 108.3 110.6 111.0 .0 1.0 .4 1.3 2.1 2.5

Utilities ................................................................ 113.3 115.4 115.6 1.0 .6 .2 3.4 2.9 2.0

Information .............................................................. 109.1 110.8 110.5 .4 .5 -.3 1.5 1.9 1.3

Financial activities .................................................. 108.9 111.1 112.0 .4 .1 .8 1.6 2.4 2.8

Excluding incentive paid occupations1 ....... 111.0 112.8 113.1 .3 .1 .3 1.5 1.9 1.9

Finance and insurance ....................................... 109.4 112.0 113.0 .4 .1 .9 1.7 2.8 3.3

Credit intermediation and related

activities ........................................................ 107.8 108.8 110.4 .9 .2 1.5 1.9 1.9 2.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations1 ....... 111.7 113.2 113.4 .1 .2 .2 1.2 1.4 1.5

Insurance carriers and related activities ......... 110.2 112.3 112.4 -.4 .1 .1 1.3 1.5 2.0

Excluding incentive paid occupations1 ....... 111.0 112.7 112.8 .3 .0 .1 1.9 1.8 1.6

Real estate and rental and leasing ..................... 106.8 107.5 108.1 .5 .3 .6 1.0 1.1 1.2

Excluding incentive paid occupations1 ....... 110.2 111.0 111.2 .5 .6 .2 1.1 1.2 .9

Professional and business services ....................... 112.7 114.3 115.0 .4 .6 .6 .7 1.8 2.0

Professional, scientific, and technical services ... 114.4 116.4 117.2 .2 .7 .7 .4 1.9 2.4

Administrative and support and waste

management and remediation services ............ 111.4 111.8 112.2 .9 .4 .4 1.5 1.3 .7

Education and health services ................................ 112.8 114.1 114.5 .3 .5 .4 2.0 1.4 1.5

Education services ............................................. 112.6 114.2 114.5 .4 1.4 .3 1.6 1.8 1.7

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and

professional schools ..................................... 112.4 113.9 114.2 .4 1.2 .3 1.5 1.8 1.6

Health care and social assistance4 .................... 112.8 114.1 114.4 .3 .4 .3 2.0 1.4 1.4

Hospitals ......................................................... 113.4 114.7 115.2 .4 .3 .4 2.1 1.6 1.6

Nursing and residential care facilities ............. 111.5 112.4 112.5 .3 .4 .1 1.6 1.1 .9

Nursing care facilities1 ................................ 111.5 112.7 112.7 .3 .4 .0 1.8 1.3 1.1

Leisure and hospitality ............................................ 113.8 114.8 115.0 .1 .4 .2 1.3 1.0 1.1

Accommodation and food services ..................... 114.3 115.1 115.3 .1 .4 .2 1.3 .8 .9

Other services, except public administration .......... 112.1 113.4 113.2 -.4 .6 -.2 1.5 .8 1.0

1 The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in

this table.

2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. 3 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade;

transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance;

real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services;

management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste

services; education services; health care and social assistance; arts,

entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other

services, except public administration. 4 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not

shown separately.

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Table 10. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for private industry workers, by bargaining status and

census region and division

(Not seasonally adjusted)

Bargaining status and census region and division

Indexes (Dec. 2005 = 100) Percent changes for–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

3-months ended– 12-months ended–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Bargaining status

Union ...................................................................... 110.9 112.7 112.9 0.6 0.5 0.2 2.6 2.3 1.8

Goods-producing industries1 .............................. 109.8 111.1 111.2 .3 .4 .1 1.9 1.5 1.3

Manufacturing ................................................. 107.3 108.6 108.7 .3 .4 .1 1.7 1.5 1.3

Service-providing industries2 .............................. 111.6 113.8 114.2 .7 .6 .4 3.0 2.7 2.3

Nonunion ................................................................ 110.9 112.4 112.7 .3 .4 .3 1.2 1.6 1.6

Goods-producing industries1 .............................. 110.1 111.6 111.7 .2 .5 .1 .7 1.5 1.5

Manufacturing ................................................. 109.3 111.1 111.2 .2 .5 .1 1.0 1.8 1.7

Service-providing industries2 .............................. 111.0 112.6 113.0 .2 .4 .4 1.2 1.6 1.8

Census region and division3

Northeast ................................................................ 111.1 112.9 113.4 .3 .3 .4 1.4 1.9 2.1

New England ...................................................... 112.1 113.5 114.3 .4 .1 .7 1.6 1.6 2.0

Middle Atlantic .................................................... 110.7 112.7 113.1 .3 .4 .4 1.2 2.1 2.2

South ...................................................................... 111.5 112.9 113.4 .2 .4 .4 1.4 1.4 1.7

South Atlantic ..................................................... 112.2 113.3 113.7 .3 .4 .4 1.7 1.3 1.3

East South Central ............................................. 110.2 111.6 111.5 .1 .2 -.1 1.1 1.4 1.2

West South Central ............................................ 110.9 112.8 113.5 .1 .8 .6 1.0 1.8 2.3

Midwest .................................................................. 109.2 110.9 111.2 .3 .5 .3 1.1 1.8 1.8

East North Central .............................................. 108.3 110.1 110.3 .3 .4 .2 .8 1.9 1.8

West North Central ............................................. 111.4 113.1 113.5 .2 .6 .4 1.5 1.7 1.9

West ....................................................................... 111.6 112.9 113.0 .4 .4 .1 1.4 1.5 1.3

Mountain ............................................................. 111.9 114.1 113.7 .0 .8 -.4 .8 2.0 1.6

Pacific ................................................................. 111.5 112.4 112.8 .5 .3 .4 1.5 1.4 1.2

1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. 2 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade;

transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and

insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical

services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and

waste services; education services; health care and social assistance; arts,

entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other

services, except public administration. 3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the

census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts,

New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey,

New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of

Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina,

Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky,

Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana,

Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio,

and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri,

Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado,

Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific:

Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.

NOTE: The indexes for these series are not strictly comparable to those

for the aggregate, occupation, and industry series. Dashes indicate data

not available.

- 18 -
Table 11. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for State and local government workers, by

occupational group and industry

(Not seasonally adjusted)

Occupational group and industry

Indexes (Dec. 2005 = 100) Percent changes for–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

3-months ended– 12-months ended–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

State and local government workers

All workers1 ................................................................ 112.5 113.6 113.8 0.3 0.6 0.2 1.9 1.2 1.2

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related ................. 112.2 113.3 113.5 .2 .6 .2 1.6 1.2 1.2

Professional and related ..................................... 112.3 113.3 113.6 .3 .6 .3 1.8 1.2 1.2

Sales and office1 .................................................... 112.1 113.1 113.2 .2 .5 .1 2.2 1.1 1.0

Office and administrative support1 ..................... 112.5 113.5 113.6 .2 .4 .1 2.2 1.1 1.0

Service occupations1 .............................................. 113.5 114.9 115.1 .4 .6 .2 2.3 1.6 1.4

Industry

Education and health services ................................ 112.3 113.4 113.6 .3 .7 .2 1.6 1.2 1.2

Education services ............................................. 111.9 113.0 113.2 .2 .7 .2 1.6 1.2 1.2

Schools2 ......................................................... 111.9 113.0 113.2 .2 .7 .2 1.6 1.2 1.2

Elementary and secondary schools ............ 112.1 113.4 113.5 .1 .8 .1 1.8 1.2 1.2

Health care and social assistance1,3 .................. 115.2 116.2 116.8 .2 .3 .5 1.6 1.0 1.4

Hospitals ......................................................... 114.7 115.7 116.3 .4 .2 .5 2.3 1.3 1.4

Public administration1 ............................................. 112.8 113.8 114.0 .3 .4 .2 2.2 1.2 1.1

1 Some estimates from June 2009 through September 2010 for this

series were corrected on January 18, 2011. For further information, see: 

www.bls.gov/bls/eci_corrections_111910.htm. 2 Includes elementary and secondary schools; junior colleges;

colleges, universities, and professional schools. 3 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not

shown separately.

- 19 -
Table 12. Employment Cost Index for benefits, by occupational group, industry, and bargaining status

(Not seasonally adjusted)

Occupational group, industry, and bargaining status

Indexes (Dec. 2005 = 100) Percent changes for–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

3-months ended– 12-months ended–

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Civilian workers

All workers1 ................................................................ 110.7 113.6 113.9 0.2 0.8 0.3 1.5 2.8 2.9

Private industry workers

All workers .................................................................. 108.7 111.7 111.9 .0 .6 .2 .9 2.8 2.9

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related ................. 108.8 111.0 111.2 -.1 .5 .2 .3 1.9 2.2

Sales and office ...................................................... 108.7 111.6 111.8 .2 .5 .2 .8 2.9 2.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance 109.5 113.0 113.2 .3 .5 .2 1.7 3.5 3.4

Production, transportation, and material moving .... 107.4 111.8 112.0 .3 .9 .2 2.2 4.4 4.3

Service occupations ............................................... 110.5 113.2 113.5 .1 .6 .3 1.6 2.5 2.7

Industry

Goods-producing industries2 .................................. 105.8 110.0 110.1 .1 .9 .1 1.1 4.1 4.1

Manufacturing ..................................................... 103.6 108.7 108.8 .2 1.2 .1 1.1 5.1 5.0

Aircraft manufacturing .................................... 72.0 83.2 83.2 .0 16.2 .0 -1.8 15.6 15.6

Service-providing industries3 .................................. 109.9 112.3 112.6 .0 .4 .3 .9 2.2 2.5

Bargaining status

Union ...................................................................... 111.4 117.6 117.9 .5 1.2 .3 3.3 6.0 5.8

Nonunion ................................................................ 108.2 110.4 110.6 .0 .4 .2 .6 2.0 2.2

State and local government workers

All workers .................................................................. 117.7 120.7 121.1 .3 1.8 .3 3.1 2.8 2.9

1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in

private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal

government. 2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. 3 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade;

transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and

insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical

services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and

waste services; education services; health care and social assistance; arts,

entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other

services, except public administration.

- 20 -
Table 13. Employment Cost Index for total compensation,1 and wages and salaries, for

private industry workers, by area

(Not seasonally adjusted)

Census region and metropolitan area

Percent changes for 12-months ended–

Total compensation Wages and salaries

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Dec.

2009

Sep.

2010

Dec.

2010

Northeast

Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MA-NH CSA ......... 1.5 2.2 2.4 1.4 1.9 2.2

New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA CSA 1.3 2.0 2.2 1.4 1.9 2.2

Philadelphia-Camden-Vineland, PA-NJ-DE-MD

CSA ...................................................................... 1.4 2.4 2.4 1.2 1.4 1.4

South

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Gainesville, GA-AL CSA .... .4 1.6 1.8 .0 1.2 1.3

Dallas-Fort Worth, TX CSA .................................... .6 2.7 2.9 .5 2.6 2.5

Houston-Baytown-Huntsville, TX CSA ................... .6 2.5 3.1 .8 2.5 3.4

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL MSA .5 .7 1.1 1.1 .0 .1

Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia,

DC-MD-VA-WV CSA ............................................ 1.6 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.8

Midwest

Chicago-Naperville-Michigan City, IL-IN-WI CSA ... .6 3.4 3.4 .5 2.7 2.8

Detroit-Warren-Flint, MI CSA .................................. 1.1 3.9 4.2 1.1 2.3 2.8

Minneapolis-St. Paul-St. Cloud, MN-WI CSA ......... .3 2.3 2.8 1.1 2.4 3.2

West

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA ........ 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.6 .9 .5

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ MSA ....................... -2.4 1.7 2.3 -2.5 .9 1.6

San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA .......... 1.4 1.7 1.3 1.1 1.3 .9

Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA CSA ........................ 1.4 3.1 3.2 2.2 1.7 1.6

1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.

- 21 -