Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-15-1057 

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, June 5, 2015 

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — MAY 2015 

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 280,000 in May, and the unemployment rate was 

essentially unchanged at 5.5 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Job gains 

occurred in professional and business services, leisure and hospitality, and health care. Mining 

employment continued to decline. 

Household Survey Data

In May, both the unemployment rate (5.5 percent) and the number of unemployed persons (8.7 

million) were essentially unchanged. Both measures have shown little movement since February. (See 

table A-1.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (5.0 percent), adult women 

(5.0 percent), teenagers (17.9 percent), whites (4.7 percent), blacks (10.2 percent), Asians (4.1 percent), 

and Hispanics (6.7 percent) showed little or no change in May. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month 

change, seasonally adjusted, May 2013 – May 2015

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

May-13 Aug-13 Nov-13 Feb-14 May-14 Aug-14 Nov-14 Feb-15 May-15

Percent Thousands

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

May-13 Aug-13 Nov-13 Feb-14 May-14 Aug-14 Nov-14 Feb-15 May-15

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

May 2013 – May 2015
- 2 - 

The number of unemployed new entrants edged up by 103,000 in May but is about unchanged over the 

year. Unemployed new entrants are those who never previously worked. (See table A-11.) 

The number of persons unemployed for less than 5 weeks decreased by 311,000 to 2.4 million in May, 

following an increase in April. The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or 

more) held at 2.5 million in May and accounted for 28.6 percent of the unemployed. Over the past 12 

months, the number of long-term unemployed is down by 849,000. (See table A-12.) 

In May, the civilian labor force rose by 397,000, and the labor force participation rate was little 

changed at 62.9 percent. Since April 2014, the participation rate has remained within a narrow range of 

62.7 percent to 62.9 percent. The employment-population ratio, at 59.4 percent, was essentially 

unchanged in May. (See table A-1.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as

involuntary part-time workers) was about unchanged at 6.7 million in May and has shown little 

movement in recent months. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were 

working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time 

job. (See table A-8.) 

In May, 1.9 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, down by 268,000 from a 

year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted 

and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not 

counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. 

(See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 563,000 discouraged workers in May, down by 134,000 

from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not 

currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.3 

million persons marginally attached to the labor force in May had not searched for work for reasons 

such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 280,000 in May, compared with an average monthly gain 

of 251,000 over the prior 12 months. In May, job gains occurred in professional and business services, 

leisure and hospitality, and health care. Employment in mining continued to decline. (See table B-1.) 

Professional and business services added 63,000 jobs in May and 671,000 jobs over the year. In May, 

employment increased in computer systems design and related services (+10,000). Employment 

continued to trend up in temporary help services (+20,000), in management and technical consulting 

services (+7,000), and in architectural and engineering services (+5,000). 

Employment in leisure and hospitality increased by 57,000 in May, following little change in the prior 

2 months. In May, employment edged up in arts, entertainment, and recreation (+29,000). Employment 

in food services and drinking places has shown little net change over the past 3 months. 

Health care added 47,000 jobs in May. Within the industry, employment in ambulatory care services 

(which includes home health care services and outpatient care centers) rose by 28,000. Hospitals added 

16,000 jobs over the month. Over the past year, health care has added 408,000 jobs. 
- 3 - 

Employment in retail trade edged up in May (+31,000). Over the prior 12 months, the industry had 

added an average of 24,000 jobs per month. Within retail trade, automobile dealers added 8,000 jobs in 

May. 

Construction employment continued to trend up over the month (+17,000) and has increased by 

273,000 over the past year.

In May, employment continued on an upward trend in transportation and warehousing (+13,000).

Truck transportation added 9,000 jobs over the month. 

In May, employment continued to trend up in financial activities (+13,000). Over the past 12 months, 

the industry has added 160,000 jobs, with about half of the gain in insurance carriers and related 

activities.

Employment in mining fell for the fifth month in a row, with a decline of 17,000 in May. The loss was 

in support activities for mining. Employment in mining has decreased by 68,000 thus far this year, after 

increasing by 41,000 in 2014. 

Employment in other major industries, including manufacturing, wholesale trade, information, and 

government, showed little change over the month. 

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls remained at 34.5 hours in May. 

The manufacturing workweek was unchanged at 40.7 hours, and factory overtime remained at 3.3 hours. 

The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls 

edged up by 0.1 hour to 33.7 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

In May, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 8 cents to 

$24.96. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.3 percent. Average hourly earnings of 

private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees rose by 6 cents to $20.97 in May. (See 

tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for March was revised from +85,000 to +119,000, and 

the change for April was revised from +223,000 to +221,000. With these revisions, employment gains in 

March and April combined were 32,000 more than previously reported. Over the past 3 months, job 

gains have averaged 207,000 per month. 

_____________ 

The Employment Situation for June is scheduled to be released on Thursday, July 2, 2015, at 

8:30 a.m. (EDT). 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015

May

2015

Change from:

Apr. 2015-

May 2015

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population........................................... 247,622 250,080 250,266 250,455 189

Civilian labor force........................................................... 155,629 156,906 157,072 157,469 397

Participation rate.......................................................... 62.8 62.7 62.8 62.9 0.1

Employed................................................................... 145,868 148,331 148,523 148,795 272

Employment-population ratio.......................................... 58.9 59.3 59.3 59.4 0.1

Unemployed............................................................... 9,761 8,575 8,549 8,674 125

Unemployment rate.................................................... 6.3 5.5 5.4 5.5 0.1

Not in labor force............................................................ 91,993 93,175 93,194 92,986 -208

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over...................................................... 6.3 5.5 5.4 5.5 0.1

Adult men (20 years and over)............................................ 5.9 5.1 5.0 5.0 0.0

Adult women (20 years and over)......................................... 5.7 4.9 4.9 5.0 0.1

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................ 19.2 17.5 17.1 17.9 0.8

White.......................................................................... 5.4 4.7 4.7 4.7 0.0

Black or African American.................................................. 11.4 10.1 9.6 10.2 0.6

Asian.......................................................................... 5.6 3.2 4.4 4.1 -0.3

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................. 7.7 6.8 6.9 6.7 -0.2

Total, 25 years and over...................................................... 5.2 4.4 4.5 4.5 0.0

Less than a high school diploma.......................................... 9.2 8.6 8.6 8.6 0.0

High school graduates, no college........................................ 6.5 5.3 5.4 5.8 0.4

Some college or associate degree........................................ 5.5 4.8 4.7 4.4 -0.3

Bachelor’s degree and higher.............................................. 3.2 2.5 2.7 2.7 0.0

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs.................. 4,959 4,189 4,136 4,267 131

Job leavers...................................................................... 872 875 828 829 1

Reentrants....................................................................... 2,869 2,689 2,685 2,615 -70

New entrants.................................................................... 1,063 815 868 971 103

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks............................................................. 2,553 2,488 2,729 2,418 -311

5 to 14 weeks................................................................... 2,401 2,312 2,307 2,532 225

15 to 26 weeks................................................................. 1,451 1,253 1,139 1,293 154

27 weeks and over............................................................. 3,351 2,563 2,525 2,502 -23

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons.............................................. 7,268 6,705 6,580 6,652 72

Slack work or business conditions........................................ 4,404 4,069 3,885 3,891 6

Could only find part-time work............................................. 2,558 2,337 2,374 2,390 16

Part time for noneconomic reasons.......................................... 19,149 19,733 20,056 19,961 -95

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force....................................... 2,130 2,055 2,115 1,862 –

Discouraged workers........................................................ 697 738 756 563 –

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will

not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236 119 221 280

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 117 206 262

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 -20 21 6

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 -14 -15 -18

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 -12 35 17

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 6 1 7

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 6 0 1

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 5.8 4.1 6.6

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -7 0 1 6

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 137 185 256

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 5.4 -2.3 4.1

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.6 31.6 13.3 31.4

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.2 1.9 10.8 13.1

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 0.8 0.8 1.1

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -5 -2 8 -3

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 13 8 13

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 39 66 63

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.4 15.8 16.1 20.1

Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 42 64 74

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.2 36.3 59.6 57.7

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 6 10 57

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 0 6 2

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -2 2 15 18

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 195 202 207

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258 193 195 195

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.4 49.3 49.3 49.4

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.9 47.9 47.9 47.9

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.6 82.5 82.4 82.5

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.5 34.5 34.5 34.5

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $24.40 $24.85 $24.88 $24.96

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $841.80 $857.33 $858.36 $861.12

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.7 102.9 103.0 103.3

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.3

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.3 122.0 122.4 123.0

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.5

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private (263 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.5 59.3 58.4 61.6

Manufacturing (80 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.1 46.9 51.9 48.8

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the

service-providing industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate

hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal

balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of 

employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series 

has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household 

survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 

100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically 

significant change in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a 

more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers 

whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private 

household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also 

provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences 

between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf. 

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, 

it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does 

not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which 

identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the 

foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The 

Employment Situation news release. 

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax 

records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more 

information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments 

with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the 

reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and 

industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 

 
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net 

employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an 

econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based 

on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census 

of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this 

purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There 

is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and 

availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment 

insurance benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons 

who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the 

unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There 

is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently 

looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, 

including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged 

workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include 

discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each 

month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these 

alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? 

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the 

month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than 

on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including 

pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates 

typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some 

employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, 

while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll 

employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates, 

employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees 

who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll 

employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit 

www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th 

of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as 

employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the 

number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure 

of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 

Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page, 

please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household 

survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES; 

establishment survey). The household survey provides 

information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked 

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 

eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for 

the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm 

payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of 

nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the 

CES program surveys about 143,000 businesses and 

government agencies, representing approximately 588,000 

individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry 

data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on 

nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately 

one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that contains 

the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the 

reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which 

may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime 

during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. 

Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be 

looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The 

unemployment data derived from the household survey in no 

way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of 

unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as 

employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The 

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent 

of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the 

labor force as a percent of the population, and 

the employment-population ratio is the employed as a 

percent of the population. Additional information 

about the household survey can be found at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted 

in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced 

for the private sector for all employees and for production 

and nonsupervisory employees. Production and

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging, 

construction workers in construction, and non-supervisory 

employees in private service-providing industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an 

establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 

2012 version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous 

conceptual and methodological differences between the 

household and establishment surveys result in important 

distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the 

surveys. Among these are: 

 The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, self-employed workers whose businesses 

are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and 

private household workers among the employed. 

These groups are excluded from the establishment 

survey. 

 The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not. 

 The household survey is limited to workers 16 years 

of age and older. The establishment survey is not 

limited by age. 

 The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance. 
Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and 

the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal 

developments, such as declines in employment or increases 

in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to 

spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number 

of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to 

obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to 

May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic 

activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment 

survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 

20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with 

the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying 

employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal 

employment changes at the end and beginning of the school 

year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make 

underlying employment patterns more discernable. The 

seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with 

which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic 

activity. 

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such 

as total payroll employment, employment in most major 

sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed 

by aggregating independently adjusted component series. 

For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the 

adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this 

differs from the unemployment estimate that would be 

obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the 

duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. 

When a sample, rather than the entire population, is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. The 

component of this difference that occurs because samples 

differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its 

variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. 

There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value 

because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment 

survey is on the order of plus or minus 105,000. Suppose the 

estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from 

one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on 

the monthly change would range from -55,000 to +155,000 

(50,000 +/- 105,000). These figures do not mean that the 

sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that 

there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range 

includes values of less than zero, we could not say with 

confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased 

that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment 

rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent 

confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, 

it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm 

employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an 

unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent 

confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment 

as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000, 

and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is 

about +/- 0.2 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such 

as for quarterly and annual averages. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all respondents 

in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to 

provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made 

by respondents, and errors made in the collection or 

processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for 

the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; 

for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the 

tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly 

estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, 

that the estimate is considered final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 

account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from sample-based 
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains 

from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample 

units going out of business, but imputing to them the same 

employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This 

procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death 

employment. 

The second component is an ARIMA time series model 

designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment 

not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time 

series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived 

from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level 

database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and 

deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy 

for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate 

changes in the classification of industries. Over the past 

decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm 

employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from 

-0.7 to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

May

2014

Apr.

2015

May

2015

May

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015

May

2015

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247,622 250,266 250,455 247,622 249,723 249,899 250,080 250,266 250,455

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155,841 156,554 157,719 155,629 157,180 157,002 156,906 157,072 157,469

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.9 62.6 63.0 62.8 62.9 62.8 62.7 62.8 62.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146,398 148,587 149,349 145,868 148,201 148,297 148,331 148,523 148,795

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.1 59.4 59.6 58.9 59.3 59.3 59.3 59.3 59.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,443 7,966 8,370 9,761 8,979 8,705 8,575 8,549 8,674

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 5.1 5.3 6.3 5.7 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91,782 93,712 92,736 91,993 92,544 92,898 93,175 93,194 92,986

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,031 6,096 6,536 6,454 6,358 6,538 6,369 6,258 6,058

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119,582 120,831 120,927 119,582 120,559 120,647 120,738 120,831 120,927

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,723 83,358 84,020 82,592 83,771 83,772 83,694 83,805 83,892

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.2 69.0 69.5 69.1 69.5 69.4 69.3 69.4 69.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77,619 78,996 79,474 77,345 78,869 79,006 79,014 79,203 79,201

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.9 65.4 65.7 64.7 65.4 65.5 65.4 65.5 65.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,104 4,362 4,546 5,247 4,903 4,766 4,680 4,602 4,691

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 5.2 5.4 6.4 5.9 5.7 5.6 5.5 5.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,859 37,473 36,907 36,990 36,787 36,875 37,044 37,026 37,035

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111,126 112,400 112,498 111,126 112,117 112,209 112,304 112,400 112,498

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,020 80,670 81,102 79,836 80,804 80,831 80,752 80,884 80,915

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.0 71.8 72.1 71.8 72.1 72.0 71.9 72.0 71.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,459 76,749 77,137 75,159 76,496 76,588 76,653 76,805 76,833

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.9 68.3 68.6 67.6 68.2 68.3 68.3 68.3 68.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,562 3,921 3,965 4,677 4,308 4,243 4,099 4,079 4,082

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 4.9 4.9 5.9 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.0 5.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,106 31,730 31,396 31,291 31,313 31,379 31,552 31,516 31,583

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128,040 129,434 129,528 128,040 129,165 129,252 129,342 129,434 129,528

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,118 73,196 73,699 73,037 73,408 73,230 73,211 73,267 73,577

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.1 56.6 56.9 57.0 56.8 56.7 56.6 56.6 56.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,779 69,591 69,875 68,523 69,332 69,291 69,317 69,320 69,594

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.7 53.8 53.9 53.5 53.7 53.6 53.6 53.6 53.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,339 3,605 3,824 4,513 4,076 3,939 3,894 3,947 3,983

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 4.9 5.2 6.2 5.6 5.4 5.3 5.4 5.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,923 56,238 55,829 55,004 55,756 56,023 56,131 56,167 55,951

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119,852 121,246 121,342 119,852 120,970 121,060 121,152 121,246 121,342

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,274 70,509 70,874 70,170 70,558 70,370 70,330 70,419 70,731

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.6 58.2 58.4 58.5 58.3 58.1 58.1 58.1 58.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,466 67,303 67,493 66,164 66,983 66,901 66,874 66,935 67,178

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.5 55.5 55.6 55.2 55.4 55.3 55.2 55.2 55.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,809 3,206 3,381 4,006 3,575 3,469 3,455 3,483 3,553

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 4.5 4.8 5.7 5.1 4.9 4.9 4.9 5.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,577 50,737 50,467 49,682 50,412 50,690 50,823 50,828 50,611

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,644 16,619 16,615 16,644 16,636 16,630 16,624 16,619 16,615

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,546 5,375 5,743 5,623 5,817 5,801 5,824 5,769 5,823

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.3 32.3 34.6 33.8 35.0 34.9 35.0 34.7 35.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,473 4,536 4,718 4,545 4,722 4,808 4,804 4,784 4,784

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.9 27.3 28.4 27.3 28.4 28.9 28.9 28.8 28.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,072 840 1,025 1,078 1,096 993 1,021 986 1,039

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.3 15.6 17.8 19.2 18.8 17.1 17.5 17.1 17.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,098 11,244 10,872 11,021 10,819 10,829 10,800 10,849 10,792

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

May

2014

Apr.

2015

May

2015

May

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015

May

2015

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195,310 196,574 196,673 195,310 196,307 196,392 196,482 196,574 196,673

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,443 123,089 124,087 123,278 124,119 123,875 123,739 123,510 123,875

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.2 62.6 63.1 63.1 63.2 63.1 63.0 62.8 63.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,029 117,642 118,457 116,662 118,035 117,992 117,886 117,719 118,048

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.9 59.8 60.2 59.7 60.1 60.1 60.0 59.9 60.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,414 5,448 5,630 6,617 6,084 5,883 5,853 5,791 5,827

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 4.4 4.5 5.4 4.9 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,867 73,484 72,586 72,031 72,189 72,517 72,743 73,064 72,798

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,482 64,613 64,942 64,332 64,871 64,920 64,899 64,764 64,790

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.4 72.0 72.3 72.2 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.2 72.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61,389 61,870 62,297 61,129 61,953 62,015 62,023 61,919 62,037

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.9 69.0 69.4 68.6 69.2 69.2 69.2 69.0 69.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,094 2,744 2,645 3,203 2,918 2,906 2,876 2,845 2,753

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 4.2 4.1 5.0 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.2

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,599 54,238 54,619 54,508 54,683 54,401 54,256 54,198 54,481

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.2 57.4 57.7 58.1 57.9 57.6 57.4 57.3 57.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,043 52,115 52,347 51,850 52,267 52,105 51,998 51,912 52,121

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.5 55.1 55.3 55.3 55.4 55.2 55.0 54.9 55.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,556 2,123 2,271 2,657 2,416 2,296 2,258 2,286 2,359

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 3.9 4.2 4.9 4.4 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,361 4,239 4,526 4,439 4,565 4,554 4,584 4,548 4,604

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.2 34.4 36.7 35.8 37.0 36.9 37.2 36.9 37.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,598 3,657 3,812 3,682 3,814 3,872 3,865 3,888 3,890

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.0 29.7 30.9 29.7 30.9 31.4 31.3 31.5 31.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 763 582 714 757 751 682 719 660 714

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.5 13.7 15.8 17.0 16.4 15.0 15.7 14.5 15.5

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,787 31,293 31,326 30,787 31,188 31,222 31,257 31,293 31,326

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,717 19,380 19,443 18,747 19,040 19,101 19,055 19,397 19,428

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.8 61.9 62.1 60.9 61.0 61.2 61.0 62.0 62.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,618 17,648 17,489 16,604 17,071 17,122 17,129 17,529 17,441

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.0 56.4 55.8 53.9 54.7 54.8 54.8 56.0 55.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,099 1,731 1,953 2,143 1,969 1,979 1,926 1,868 1,988

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 8.9 10.0 11.4 10.3 10.4 10.1 9.6 10.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,070 11,913 11,883 12,041 12,148 12,122 12,202 11,896 11,898

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,516 8,868 8,927 8,519 8,676 8,710 8,711 8,926 8,905

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.9 68.3 68.7 67.0 67.1 67.3 67.2 68.7 68.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,516 8,095 7,994 7,536 7,757 7,805 7,841 8,109 7,995

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.1 62.3 61.5 59.2 60.0 60.3 60.5 62.5 61.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,000 773 933 983 919 905 870 817 911

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.7 8.7 10.5 11.5 10.6 10.4 10.0 9.2 10.2

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,504 9,868 9,798 9,529 9,667 9,665 9,703 9,792 9,808

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.1 62.4 61.9 61.3 61.3 61.3 61.4 61.9 61.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,619 9,067 8,990 8,586 8,824 8,809 8,807 8,928 8,946

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.4 57.3 56.8 55.2 56.0 55.8 55.8 56.4 56.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 885 801 808 943 843 857 895 864 862

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3 8.1 8.2 9.9 8.7 8.9 9.2 8.8 8.8

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 696 643 718 699 697 726 642 678 715

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.7 25.8 28.8 27.8 27.9 29.1 25.7 27.2 28.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483 486 506 482 490 508 481 491 500

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.2 19.5 20.3 19.2 19.6 20.4 19.3 19.7 20.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 157 212 217 207 218 161 187 215

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.7 24.4 29.6 31.0 29.7 30.0 25.0 27.5 30.1

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,771 14,290 14,403 13,771 14,253 14,291 14,296 14,290 14,403

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

May

2014

Apr.

2015

May

2015

May

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015

May

2015

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,755 9,023 9,157 8,778 8,899 9,038 8,934 9,038 9,169

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.6 63.1 63.6 63.7 62.4 63.2 62.5 63.3 63.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,287 8,644 8,804 8,288 8,540 8,680 8,646 8,644 8,794

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.2 60.5 61.1 60.2 59.9 60.7 60.5 60.5 61.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467 379 353 490 359 358 288 394 375

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 4.2 3.9 5.6 4.0 4.0 3.2 4.4 4.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,016 5,267 5,246 4,993 5,355 5,253 5,363 5,251 5,234

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are

introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

May

2014

Apr.

2015

May

2015

May

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015

May

2015

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population................ 38,277 39,405 39,483 38,277 39,165 39,244 39,323 39,405 39,483

Civilian labor force................................ 25,183 26,092 26,179 25,169 26,047 25,962 26,087 26,167 26,149

Participation rate............................... 65.8 66.2 66.3 65.8 66.5 66.2 66.3 66.4 66.2

Employed....................................... 23,360 24,443 24,521 23,234 24,305 24,238 24,319 24,354 24,385

Employment-population ratio............... 61.0 62.0 62.1 60.7 62.1 61.8 61.8 61.8 61.8

Unemployed.................................... 1,823 1,650 1,658 1,934 1,742 1,724 1,768 1,813 1,764

Unemployment rate......................... 7.2 6.3 6.3 7.7 6.7 6.6 6.8 6.9 6.7

Not in labor force................................. 13,093 13,312 13,304 13,108 13,118 13,282 13,236 13,237 13,334

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 13,965 14,442 14,505 13,946 14,479 14,465 14,465 14,484 14,479

Participation rate............................... 80.7 81.3 81.5 80.6 82.1 81.8 81.6 81.6 81.4

Employed....................................... 13,100 13,646 13,676 13,038 13,647 13,601 13,627 13,614 13,615

Employment-population ratio............... 75.7 76.8 76.8 75.3 77.3 76.9 76.9 76.7 76.5

Unemployed.................................... 865 796 829 909 832 864 837 870 863

Unemployment rate......................... 6.2 5.5 5.7 6.5 5.7 6.0 5.8 6.0 6.0

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 10,172 10,556 10,575 10,147 10,344 10,309 10,435 10,526 10,537

Participation rate............................... 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.6 58.0 57.7 58.3 58.6 58.6

Employed....................................... 9,404 9,876 9,936 9,336 9,704 9,685 9,755 9,802 9,854

Employment-population ratio............... 54.3 55.0 55.2 53.9 54.4 54.2 54.5 54.6 54.8

Unemployed.................................... 767 680 639 811 640 625 680 725 684

Unemployment rate......................... 7.5 6.4 6.0 8.0 6.2 6.1 6.5 6.9 6.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................ 1,047 1,094 1,099 1,076 1,224 1,187 1,187 1,157 1,133

Participation rate............................... 28.6 29.6 29.7 29.4 33.2 32.2 32.2 31.3 30.6

Employed....................................... 856 920 910 861 954 952 937 938 916

Employment-population ratio............... 23.4 24.9 24.6 23.5 25.9 25.8 25.4 25.4 24.8

Unemployed.................................... 191 174 190 215 270 235 250 218 217

Unemployment rate......................... 18.2 15.9 17.3 19.9 22.1 19.8 21.1 18.9 19.2

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2014

Apr.

2015

May

2015

May

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015

May

2015

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................. 11,131 11,544 11,481 10,816 11,439 11,126 11,089 11,338 11,153

Participation rate.................................. 45.3 46.6 45.9 44.1 46.0 46.3 45.1 45.7 44.6

Employed.......................................... 10,181 10,577 10,561 9,825 10,468 10,196 10,134 10,367 10,192

Employment-population ratio................. 41.5 42.7 42.2 40.0 42.1 42.4 41.2 41.8 40.7

Unemployed....................................... 950 967 919 991 971 929 955 971 961

Unemployment rate............................ 8.5 8.4 8.0 9.2 8.5 8.4 8.6 8.6 8.6

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................. 36,302 35,565 35,442 36,162 35,418 35,371 35,656 35,577 35,341

Participation rate.................................. 58.2 57.2 57.4 58.0 57.9 57.4 57.3 57.2 57.2

Employed.......................................... 34,091 33,712 33,515 33,811 33,492 33,464 33,752 33,639 33,304

Employment-population ratio................. 54.7 54.2 54.3 54.2 54.8 54.3 54.2 54.1 53.9

Unemployed....................................... 2,211 1,853 1,927 2,351 1,926 1,907 1,904 1,938 2,037

Unemployment rate............................ 6.1 5.2 5.4 6.5 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.4 5.8

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................. 37,001 37,715 37,403 37,267 37,479 37,490 37,558 37,755 37,594

Participation rate.................................. 66.8 67.3 67.0 67.3 67.2 66.8 67.6 67.4 67.4

Employed.......................................... 35,037 36,044 35,841 35,223 35,540 35,588 35,755 35,996 35,934

Employment-population ratio................. 63.3 64.3 64.2 63.6 63.8 63.4 64.4 64.2 64.4

Unemployed....................................... 1,964 1,671 1,562 2,044 1,939 1,902 1,803 1,759 1,660

Unemployment rate............................ 5.3 4.4 4.2 5.5 5.2 5.1 4.8 4.7 4.4

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................. 50,248 51,314 52,052 50,206 51,550 51,583 51,272 51,156 51,938

Participation rate.................................. 75.4 74.8 75.2 75.4 74.4 74.4 74.3 74.6 75.0

Employed.......................................... 48,760 50,013 50,722 48,619 50,084 50,172 50,007 49,758 50,518

Employment-population ratio................. 73.2 72.9 73.3 73.0 72.3 72.3 72.5 72.5 73.0

Unemployed....................................... 1,487 1,301 1,329 1,587 1,466 1,411 1,265 1,399 1,419

Unemployment rate............................ 3.0 2.5 2.6 3.2 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.7

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2

Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

May

2014

May

2015

May

2014

May

2015

May

2014

May

2015

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,213 21,251 18,963 19,255 2,250 1,996

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,667 10,767 9,300 9,514 1,367 1,253

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.3 50.7 49.0 49.4 60.8 62.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,129 10,227 8,840 9,054 1,288 1,173

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.7 48.1 46.6 47.0 57.3 58.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 538 541 459 460 79 81

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 5.0 4.9 4.8 5.8 6.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,546 10,484 9,663 9,741 883 743

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,053 3,610 2,458 2,988 595 621

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,444 2,946 2,055 2,512 389 434

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.0 81.6 83.6 84.1 65.4 69.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,314 2,787 1,953 2,380 361 406

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.8 77.2 79.4 79.6 60.6 65.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 160 102 132 28 28

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 5.4 5.0 5.3 7.3 6.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 609 663 403 476 206 187

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,407 3,399 2,705 2,860 702 540

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,794 2,725 2,283 2,325 511 400

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.0 80.2 84.4 81.3 72.9 74.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,647 2,586 2,174 2,227 473 359

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.7 76.1 80.4 77.9 67.4 66.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 139 108 98 39 41

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 5.1 4.7 4.2 7.6 10.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613 675 422 534 190 140

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,437 8,954 9,083 8,636 354 318

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,698 2,374 2,589 2,270 109 104

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.6 26.5 28.5 26.3 30.8 32.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,566 2,257 2,462 2,160 104 97

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.2 25.2 27.1 25.0 29.2 30.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 118 127 110 6 8

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 5.0 4.9 4.8 5.1 7.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,739 6,580 6,494 6,366 245 214

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,316 5,288 4,717 4,771 599 517

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,731 2,722 2,373 2,407 358 315

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.4 51.5 50.3 50.4 59.7 61.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,602 2,598 2,251 2,287 351 311

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.0 49.1 47.7 47.9 58.6 60.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 124 122 119 6 5

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 4.6 5.1 5.0 1.8 1.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,585 2,566 2,344 2,364 241 202

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217,547 220,356 96,090 97,162 121,457 123,194

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143,318 144,962 72,543 73,468 70,774 71,494

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.9 65.8 75.5 75.6 58.3 58.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134,856 137,529 68,122 69,617 66,734 67,913

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.0 62.4 70.9 71.7 54.9 55.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,462 7,432 4,421 3,851 4,040 3,581

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 5.1 6.1 5.2 5.7 5.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,229 75,394 23,546 23,693 50,682 51,701

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the

U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August

1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service

periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the

selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

May

2014

May

2015

May

2014

May

2015

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population...................................................... 29,005 29,922 218,617 220,533

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 5,649 5,933 150,192 151,787

Participation rate..................................................................... 19.5 19.8 68.7 68.8

Employed............................................................................. 4,934 5,333 141,464 144,016

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 17.0 17.8 64.7 65.3

Unemployed.......................................................................... 715 600 8,728 7,771

Unemployment rate............................................................... 12.7 10.1 5.8 5.1

Not in labor force....................................................................... 23,357 23,989 68,425 68,746

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,522 2,649 75,560 76,446

Participation rate..................................................................... 33.0 34.1 82.1 82.6

Employed............................................................................. 2,175 2,335 71,039 72,387

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 28.5 30.1 77.2 78.2

Unemployed.......................................................................... 347 314 4,521 4,059

Unemployment rate............................................................... 13.8 11.9 6.0 5.3

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,111 5,121 16,497 16,098

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,104 2,313 67,191 67,456

Participation rate..................................................................... 27.1 28.5 70.4 70.5

Employed............................................................................. 1,801 2,071 63,338 64,011

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 23.2 25.6 66.4 66.9

Unemployed.......................................................................... 303 242 3,853 3,445

Unemployment rate............................................................... 14.4 10.5 5.7 5.1

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,655 5,792 28,195 28,252

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 1,022 970 7,441 7,885

Participation rate..................................................................... 7.5 6.9 23.9 24.4

Employed............................................................................. 957 927 7,087 7,618

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 7.0 6.6 22.7 23.6

Unemployed.......................................................................... 65 43 354 267

Unemployment rate............................................................... 6.4 4.5 4.8 3.4

Not in labor force....................................................................... 12,590 13,077 23,733 24,396

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty

seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or

emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as

visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

May

2014

May

2015

May

2014

May

2015

May

2014

May

2015

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 38,637 40,380 18,747 19,629 19,890 20,751

Civilian labor force.................................................. 25,392 26,331 14,780 15,388 10,613 10,943

Participation rate.................................................. 65.7 65.2 78.8 78.4 53.4 52.7

Employed.......................................................... 23,977 25,098 14,056 14,740 9,920 10,358

Employment-population ratio................................. 62.1 62.2 75.0 75.1 49.9 49.9

Unemployed....................................................... 1,416 1,233 723 648 692 585

Unemployment rate............................................ 5.6 4.7 4.9 4.2 6.5 5.3

Not in labor force.................................................... 13,245 14,049 3,967 4,241 9,278 9,807

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 208,985 210,075 100,835 101,297 108,150 108,778

Civilian labor force.................................................. 130,448 131,388 67,943 68,632 62,505 62,756

Participation rate.................................................. 62.4 62.5 67.4 67.8 57.8 57.7

Employed.......................................................... 122,421 124,251 63,562 64,734 58,859 59,517

Employment-population ratio................................. 58.6 59.1 63.0 63.9 54.4 54.7

Unemployed....................................................... 8,027 7,137 4,381 3,899 3,646 3,239

Unemployment rate............................................ 6.2 5.4 6.4 5.7 5.8 5.2

Not in labor force.................................................... 78,537 78,687 32,892 32,665 45,645 46,022

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States

or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born

in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2014

Apr.

2015

May

2015

May

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015

May

2015

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................. 2,101 2,294 2,431 2,054 2,419 2,430 2,559 2,435 2,405

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 1,312 1,463 1,536 1,295 1,566 1,572 1,628 1,610 1,536

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 767 799 866 741 835 833 893 794 828

Unpaid family workers........................... 22 32 30 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries.......................... 144,297 146,293 146,918 143,843 145,743 145,880 145,699 146,111 146,417

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 135,781 137,371 137,648 135,334 136,949 137,447 136,830 137,148 137,175

Government..................................... 20,247 20,840 20,902 20,050 20,330 20,582 20,246 20,455 20,613

Private industries............................... 115,534 116,531 116,746 115,312 116,664 116,890 116,654 116,707 116,572

Private households.......................... 867 793 770 – – – – – –

Other industries.............................. 114,667 115,738 115,976 114,481 115,724 116,042 115,839 115,899 115,821

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 8,432 8,837 9,207 8,399 8,725 8,386 8,685 8,826 9,142

Unpaid family workers........................... 84 84 63 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 6,960 6,356 6,363 7,268 6,810 6,635 6,705 6,580 6,652

Slack work or business conditions............. 4,177 3,728 3,673 4,404 4,012 3,847 4,069 3,885 3,891

Could only find part-time work.................. 2,519 2,370 2,434 2,558 2,460 2,426 2,337 2,374 2,390

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 19,410 20,992 20,192 19,149 19,822 19,837 19,733 20,056 19,961

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 6,917 6,277 6,272 7,201 6,690 6,539 6,620 6,501 6,541

Slack work or business conditions............. 4,144 3,674 3,624 4,359 3,951 3,791 4,028 3,835 3,830

Could only find part-time work.................. 2,510 2,354 2,416 2,546 2,432 2,415 2,302 2,352 2,419

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 19,117 20,622 19,824 18,861 19,446 19,505 19,374 19,705 19,603

1

Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for

the entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business

conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or

training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to

34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2014

Apr.

2015

May

2015

May

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015

May

2015

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146,398 148,587 149,349 145,868 148,201 148,297 148,331 148,523 148,795

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,473 4,536 4,718 4,545 4,722 4,808 4,804 4,784 4,784

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,413 1,482 1,593 1,496 1,651 1,637 1,615 1,630 1,678

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,060 3,053 3,126 3,062 3,058 3,186 3,189 3,147 3,128

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141,924 144,052 144,630 141,323 143,480 143,489 143,527 143,740 144,011

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,855 13,706 13,990 13,956 14,011 14,114 13,823 13,851 14,060

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128,069 130,346 130,640 127,353 129,435 129,349 129,614 129,861 129,890

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95,510 96,742 96,939 95,098 96,464 96,565 96,501 96,482 96,507

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,839 32,767 32,935 31,703 32,574 32,682 32,693 32,734 32,786

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,978 31,200 31,224 30,858 31,157 31,071 31,095 31,072 31,095

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,692 32,775 32,780 32,537 32,734 32,812 32,713 32,676 32,625

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,559 33,605 33,701 32,255 32,971 32,784 33,113 33,379 33,383

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77,619 78,996 79,474 77,345 78,869 79,006 79,014 79,203 79,201

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,160 2,247 2,337 2,186 2,372 2,418 2,361 2,399 2,368

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 656 746 803 696 802 791 762 830 845

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,504 1,501 1,534 1,492 1,560 1,636 1,584 1,557 1,528

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,459 76,749 77,137 75,159 76,496 76,588 76,653 76,805 76,833

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,155 7,050 7,232 7,194 7,198 7,324 7,088 7,158 7,259

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,303 69,698 69,905 67,944 69,248 69,190 69,506 69,633 69,531

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,105 51,861 51,950 50,854 51,809 51,860 51,948 51,863 51,716

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,166 17,763 17,820 17,100 17,722 17,743 17,804 17,798 17,755

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,762 16,832 16,840 16,687 16,807 16,760 16,824 16,818 16,766

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,177 17,266 17,290 17,067 17,281 17,357 17,321 17,247 17,195

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,199 17,837 17,955 17,089 17,439 17,330 17,557 17,770 17,816

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,779 69,591 69,875 68,523 69,332 69,291 69,317 69,320 69,594

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,313 2,288 2,382 2,359 2,349 2,389 2,442 2,385 2,416

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 757 736 790 800 849 846 853 800 833

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,556 1,553 1,592 1,569 1,499 1,550 1,605 1,590 1,600

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,466 67,303 67,493 66,164 66,983 66,901 66,874 66,935 67,178

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,700 6,655 6,758 6,763 6,813 6,790 6,735 6,693 6,801

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,766 60,648 60,735 59,410 60,187 60,159 60,108 60,228 60,358

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,405 44,881 44,990 44,244 44,655 44,705 44,552 44,619 44,791

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,673 15,004 15,115 14,603 14,852 14,939 14,889 14,936 15,032

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,216 14,369 14,385 14,171 14,350 14,311 14,271 14,255 14,329

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,516 15,508 15,490 15,470 15,453 15,456 15,392 15,429 15,431

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,361 15,768 15,746 15,166 15,532 15,453 15,556 15,609 15,567

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,776 45,042 45,077 44,529 44,934 44,951 45,304 45,023 44,792

Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,855 35,045 35,035 34,702 34,843 34,910 35,106 34,974 34,879

Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,563 9,706 9,787 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119,179 120,402 121,863 118,790 120,711 120,834 121,024 120,772 121,402

Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,219 28,185 27,486 27,210 27,546 27,471 27,301 27,738 27,506

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,305 7,000 7,081 7,088 7,485 7,059 7,158 6,986 6,946

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 4.7 4.7 4.9 5.1 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.7

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,396 5,378 5,457 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,199 9,636 10,073 9,139 9,560 9,220 9,579 9,620 9,970

1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

May

2014

Apr.

2015

May

2015

May

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015

May

2015

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over........................... 9,761 8,549 8,674 6.3 5.7 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.5

16 to 19 years..................................... 1,078 986 1,039 19.2 18.8 17.1 17.5 17.1 17.9

16 to 17 years.................................. 448 407 402 23.0 19.9 18.6 18.1 20.0 19.3

18 to 19 years.................................. 628 560 629 17.0 18.2 16.4 17.1 15.1 16.7

20 years and over................................ 8,683 7,563 7,635 5.8 5.2 5.1 5.0 5.0 5.0

20 to 24 years.................................. 1,739 1,466 1,584 11.1 9.8 10.0 10.4 9.6 10.1

25 years and over.............................. 6,984 6,054 6,057 5.2 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.5 4.5

25 to 54 years............................... 5,446 4,687 4,771 5.4 4.8 4.6 4.5 4.6 4.7

25 to 34 years............................. 2,251 2,003 2,012 6.6 5.9 5.4 5.6 5.8 5.8

35 to 44 years............................. 1,653 1,387 1,427 5.1 4.4 4.5 4.1 4.3 4.4

45 to 54 years............................. 1,541 1,297 1,332 4.5 4.1 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.9

55 years and over........................... 1,531 1,377 1,290 4.5 4.1 4.3 3.9 4.0 3.7

Men, 16 years and over............................ 5,247 4,602 4,691 6.4 5.9 5.7 5.6 5.5 5.6

16 to 19 years..................................... 570 522 609 20.7 20.0 17.8 19.8 17.9 20.5

16 to 17 years.................................. 230 220 238 24.8 20.8 19.2 20.5 21.0 22.0

18 to 19 years.................................. 335 280 361 18.3 19.4 17.3 19.6 15.2 19.1

20 years and over................................ 4,677 4,079 4,082 5.9 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.0 5.0

20 to 24 years.................................. 974 844 900 11.9 11.5 10.9 11.2 10.5 11.0

25 years and over.............................. 3,753 3,207 3,194 5.2 4.6 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.4

25 to 54 years............................... 2,935 2,427 2,473 5.5 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.6

25 to 34 years............................. 1,262 1,011 1,061 6.9 5.8 5.6 5.6 5.4 5.6

35 to 44 years............................. 894 704 748 5.1 4.4 4.3 4.1 4.0 4.3

45 to 54 years............................. 778 712 664 4.4 3.9 3.9 3.7 4.0 3.7

55 years and over........................... 818 780 721 4.6 4.1 4.6 4.1 4.2 3.9

Women, 16 years and over........................ 4,513 3,947 3,983 6.2 5.6 5.4 5.3 5.4 5.4

16 to 19 years..................................... 507 464 430 17.7 17.6 16.4 15.2 16.3 15.1

16 to 17 years.................................. 218 187 163 21.4 19.0 18.0 15.8 18.9 16.4

18 to 19 years.................................. 293 280 269 15.7 16.9 15.4 14.5 15.0 14.4

20 years and over................................ 4,006 3,483 3,553 5.7 5.1 4.9 4.9 4.9 5.0

20 to 24 years.................................. 765 622 684 10.2 7.9 9.0 9.5 8.5 9.1

25 years and over.............................. 3,232 2,847 2,863 5.2 4.7 4.5 4.4 4.5 4.5

25 to 54 years............................... 2,511 2,260 2,298 5.4 4.9 4.6 4.6 4.8 4.9

25 to 34 years............................. 989 992 951 6.3 5.9 5.2 5.7 6.2 6.0

35 to 44 years............................. 759 683 679 5.1 4.4 4.7 4.2 4.6 4.5

45 to 54 years............................. 763 585 668 4.7 4.4 3.8 3.7 3.7 4.1

55 years and over........................... 715 602 585 4.5 4.1 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.6

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present...................... 1,527 1,392 1,329 3.3 2.9 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.9

Married women, spouse present.................. 1,433 1,222 1,189 4.0 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.4 3.3

Women who maintain families1

.................... 873 730 717 8.4 8.1 7.7 8.1 7.0 6.8

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2................................... 8,143 7,068 7,214 6.4 5.9 5.7 5.6 5.5 5.6

Part-time workers3.................................. 1,597 1,443 1,420 5.5 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time

jobs.

3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from

part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2014

Apr.

2015

May

2015

May

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015

May

2015

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 4,613 3,977 3,962 4,959 4,242 4,180 4,189 4,136 4,267

On temporary layoff.............................. 770 871 818 1,002 902 1,021 999 950 1,041

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 3,843 3,106 3,144 3,958 3,339 3,158 3,190 3,185 3,226

Permanent job losers.......................... 2,843 2,224 2,175 2,890 2,371 2,212 2,223 2,238 2,217

Persons who completed temporary jobs. . .. 1,000 882 969 1,067 968 946 967 948 1,009

Job leavers........................................... 819 780 771 872 851 884 875 828 829

Reentrants............................................ 3,000 2,465 2,719 2,869 2,829 2,655 2,689 2,685 2,615

New entrants......................................... 1,009 745 918 1,063 1,033 972 815 868 971

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 48.9 49.9 47.3 50.8 47.4 48.1 48.9 48.6 49.1

On temporary layoff.............................. 8.2 10.9 9.8 10.3 10.1 11.7 11.7 11.2 12.0

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 40.7 39.0 37.6 40.5 37.3 36.3 37.2 37.4 37.2

Job leavers........................................... 8.7 9.8 9.2 8.9 9.5 10.2 10.2 9.7 9.5

Reentrants............................................ 31.8 30.9 32.5 29.4 31.6 30.5 31.4 31.5 30.1

New entrants......................................... 10.7 9.4 11.0 10.9 11.5 11.2 9.5 10.2 11.2

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 3.0 2.5 2.5 3.2 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.7

Job leavers........................................... 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5

Reentrants............................................ 1.9 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7

New entrants......................................... 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2014

Apr.

2015

May

2015

May

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015

May

2015

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 2,617 2,235 2,473 2,553 2,383 2,431 2,488 2,729 2,418

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 1,928 1,930 2,046 2,401 2,318 2,223 2,312 2,307 2,532

15 weeks and over.................................. 4,898 3,802 3,851 4,801 4,180 4,044 3,816 3,663 3,795

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 1,532 1,238 1,346 1,451 1,380 1,335 1,253 1,139 1,293

27 weeks and over............................... 3,366 2,564 2,505 3,351 2,800 2,709 2,563 2,525 2,502

Average (mean) duration, in weeks............... 35.9 32.8 31.9 34.3 32.3 31.7 30.7 30.8 30.7

Median duration, in weeks......................... 15.9 13.5 12.6 14.5 13.4 13.1 12.2 11.7 11.6

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 27.7 28.1 29.5 26.2 26.8 27.9 28.9 31.4 27.6

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 20.4 24.2 24.4 24.6 26.1 25.6 26.8 26.5 29.0

15 weeks and over.................................. 51.9 47.7 46.0 49.2 47.1 46.5 44.3 42.1 43.4

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 16.2 15.5 16.1 14.9 15.5 15.4 14.5 13.1 14.8

27 weeks and over............................... 35.6 32.2 29.9 34.3 31.5 31.1 29.8 29.0 28.6

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

May

2014

May

2015

May

2014

May

2015

May

2014

May

2015

Total, 16 years and over1

............................................. 146,398 149,349 9,443 8,370 6.1 5.3

Management, professional, and related occupations........... 56,202 58,155 1,795 1,460 3.1 2.4

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations..................................................... 23,145 23,891 802 709 3.3 2.9

Professional and related occupations.......................... 33,057 34,264 993 751 2.9 2.1

Service occupations................................................ 26,173 26,296 1,952 1,853 6.9 6.6

Sales and office occupations...................................... 33,530 33,838 2,254 1,909 6.3 5.3

Sales and related occupations.................................. 15,861 15,962 1,161 987 6.8 5.8

Office and administrative support occupations............... 17,669 17,876 1,093 923 5.8 4.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations........................................................ 13,499 13,754 1,098 977 7.5 6.6

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.................... 1,008 1,086 110 112 9.8 9.3

Construction and extraction occupations...................... 7,692 7,821 797 632 9.4 7.5

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations........... 4,799 4,847 192 233 3.8 4.6

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations........................................................ 16,994 17,306 1,312 1,212 7.2 6.5

Production occupations.......................................... 8,252 8,481 630 549 7.1 6.1

Transportation and material moving occupations............ 8,742 8,825 682 664 7.2 7.0

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

May

2014

May

2015

May

2014

May

2015

Total, 16 years and over1

................................................................ 9,443 8,370 6.1 5.3

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers.................................. 7,243 6,379 5.9 5.2

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.................................... 26 72 2.6 7.2

Construction.......................................................................... 747 569 8.6 6.7

Manufacturing........................................................................ 826 702 5.3 4.6

Durable goods..................................................................... 516 405 5.2 4.1

Nondurable goods................................................................ 310 297 5.5 5.4

Wholesale and retail trade......................................................... 1,313 1,237 6.4 6.0

Transportation and utilities......................................................... 321 261 5.2 4.2

Information............................................................................ 163 90 5.5 3.3

Financial activities................................................................... 456 214 4.8 2.3

Professional and business services............................................... 1,028 963 6.5 6.1

Education and health services..................................................... 876 806 3.9 3.5

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 1,113 1,117 8.1 7.9

Other services........................................................................ 372 348 5.7 5.3

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers......................... 102 151 7.4 9.2

Government workers................................................................... 622 491 3.0 2.3

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............ 467 431 4.8 4.1

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2014

Apr.

2015

May

2015

May

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015

May

2015

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,

as a percent of the civilian labor force......... 3.1 2.4 2.4 3.1 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.4

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force......................................... 3.0 2.5 2.5 3.2 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.7

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate)................................................ 6.1 5.1 5.3 6.3 5.7 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.5

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged

workers, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus discouraged workers................. 6.5 5.5 5.6 6.7 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.9 5.8

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged

workers, plus all other persons marginally

attached to the labor force, as a percent of

the civilian labor force plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . .. 7.3 6.4 6.4 7.5 7.0 6.8 6.7 6.7 6.6

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic

reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus all persons marginally attached to

the labor force..................................... 11.7 10.4 10.4 12.1 11.3 11.0 10.9 10.8 10.8

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and

are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have

given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are

available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

May

2014

May

2015

May

2014

May

2015

May

2014

May

2015

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force........................................... 91,782 92,736 36,859 36,907 54,923 55,829

Persons who currently want a job................................ 7,031 6,536 3,261 2,969 3,770 3,567

Marginally attached to the labor force1

........................ 2,130 1,862 1,066 918 1,064 945

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 697 563 422 327 275 236

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. .. 1,433 1,300 644 591 789 709

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4

............................................. 7,305 7,081 3,647 3,441 3,658 3,641

Percent of total employed.......................................... 5.0 4.7 4.7 4.3 5.3 5.2

Primary job full time, secondary job part time................... 3,875 3,796 2,147 1,993 1,727 1,803

Primary and secondary jobs both part time..................... 2,026 1,870 681 640 1,345 1,229

Primary and secondary jobs both full time....................... 260 284 180 183 80 102

Hours vary on primary or secondary job......................... 1,123 1,093 625 598 499 496

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference

week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks

schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and

transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4

Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

Change

from:

Apr.2015 -

May2015p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,297 140,298 141,450 142,420 138,621 141,178 141,399 141,679 280

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,080 118,010 119,107 120,102 116,780 119,270 119,476 119,738 262

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,175 19,145 19,380 19,593 19,156 19,540 19,561 19,567 6

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 884 867 852 838 888 878 863 845 -18

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.7 52.3 50.7 52.4 51.5 54.5 54.6 54.0 -0.6

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 834.6 814.3 801.6 785.6 836.0 823.2 808.4 791.2 -17.2

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196.0 196.6 192.0 193.0 196.4 197.7 194.3 193.8 -0.5

Mining, except oil and gas1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209.3 197.9 200.5 204.9 207.1 204.0 202.3 202.5 0.2

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.3 70.7 70.0 69.4 74.2 70.7 70.3 69.5 -0.8

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429.3 419.8 409.1 387.7 432.5 421.5 411.8 394.9 -16.9

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,151 6,012 6,255 6,441 6,114 6,335 6,370 6,387 17

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,340.2 1,359.0 1,374.8 1,408.8 1,347.3 1,411.1 1,406.5 1,410.9 4.4

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651.9 660.2 675.4 694.9 651.6 691.0 693.9 695.7 1.8

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 688.3 698.8 699.4 713.9 695.7 720.1 712.6 715.2 2.6

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . 939.5 853.8 926.1 966.8 916.7 933.6 940.5 940.9 0.4

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,871.1 3,799.4 3,954.3 4,065.2 3,849.6 3,990.6 4,022.8 4,035.1 12.3

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . 1,666.9 1,637.8 1,718.8 1,777.1 1,652.5 1,735.5 1,750.7 1,757.4 6.7

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 2,204.2 2,161.6 2,235.5 2,288.1 2,197.1 2,255.1 2,272.1 2,277.7 5.6

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,140 12,266 12,273 12,314 12,154 12,327 12,328 12,335 7

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,661 7,782 7,784 7,806 7,659 7,806 7,806 7,807 1

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371.7 373.4 375.8 378.6 371.3 378.4 377.0 376.8 -0.2

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388.4 389.2 399.1 407.4 383.9 399.8 399.2 402.9 3.7

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398.7 405.6 404.7 404.4 397.8 405.8 405.9 404.5 -1.4

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,452.7 1,468.2 1,470.0 1,466.9 1,451.3 1,473.6 1,474.5 1,469.0 -5.5

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,125.2 1,138.6 1,131.5 1,129.3 1,125.0 1,138.3 1,133.3 1,130.6 -2.7

Computer and electronic products1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,044.7 1,055.4 1,053.1 1,054.5 1,047.4 1,057.5 1,057.0 1,056.7 -0.3

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . 159.2 168.2 168.2 170.3 160.3 169.7 169.9 171.4 1.5

Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.9 90.0 89.4 89.1 93.4 90.0 89.6 89.3 -0.3

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366.8 369.7 369.3 368.3 367.4 370.2 370.5 369.7 -0.8

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388.2 390.4 388.9 390.3 388.7 390.4 389.4 389.7 0.3

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . 373.9 371.7 370.7 373.2 375.5 372.9 372.5 373.5 1.0

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,552.6 1,608.6 1,602.3 1,609.9 1,554.0 1,603.7 1,607.1 1,611.9 4.8

Motor vehicles and parts2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 866.9 919.9 915.1 924.2 868.3 915.5 919.6 926.2 6.6

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370.3 384.6 386.3 387.2 369.5 386.3 387.2 386.3 -0.9

Miscellaneous durable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 582.4 586.7 590.6 594.1 583.3 589.9 591.8 594.8 3.0

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,479 4,484 4,489 4,508 4,495 4,521 4,522 4,528 6

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,461.6 1,469.9 1,465.4 1,466.8 1,478.8 1,492.3 1,487.1 1,486.6 -0.5

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.0 118.7 118.8 119.8 117.0 118.8 118.8 119.4 0.6

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.1 113.3 113.7 114.5 113.6 114.3 114.9 115.0 0.1

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139.6 137.9 135.8 136.8 139.8 137.5 136.2 136.8 0.6

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373.2 365.4 366.3 366.5 373.5 367.1 367.0 366.9 -0.1

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . 453.6 446.7 447.2 447.8 453.9 447.7 448.0 447.2 -0.8

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.3 102.4 108.1 109.5 110.3 105.0 108.7 108.9 0.2

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 801.0 809.0 808.9 810.5 801.1 810.0 811.0 811.9 0.9

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 673.7 684.8 686.9 691.1 672.0 686.1 686.6 689.6 3.0

Miscellaneous nondurable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234.8 235.5 238.2 244.9 235.2 242.5 243.7 245.3 1.6

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97,905 98,865 99,727 100,509 97,624 99,730 99,915 100,171 256

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,228 26,454 26,570 26,791 26,297 26,787 26,810 26,860 50

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,826.9 5,873.4 5,889.0 5,915.3 5,814.4 5,903.6 5,901.3 5,905.4 4.1

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,908.4 2,935.0 2,938.6 2,951.2 2,907.1 2,945.3 2,947.4 2,948.6 1.2

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,021.5 2,030.7 2,043.2 2,053.9 2,011.5 2,046.4 2,044.5 2,046.2 1.7

Electronic markets and agents and

brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 897.0 907.7 907.2 910.2 895.8 911.9 909.4 910.6 1.2

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,236.3 15,328.8 15,429.2 15,571.2 15,318.1 15,587.4 15,600.7 15,632.1 31.4

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,858.6 1,897.6 1,909.2 1,927.5 1,850.4 1,911.4 1,911.4 1,921.0 9.6

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,180.6 1,210.4 1,214.2 1,225.2 1,178.5 1,217.4 1,218.0 1,225.7 7.7

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

Change

from:

Apr.2015 -

May2015p

Retail trade - Continued

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . 444.1 457.0 457.9 460.7 451.3 464.0 465.4 467.5 2.1

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 468.7 491.6 489.2 488.4 482.9 499.7 501.3 503.3 2.0

Building material and garden supply

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,301.1 1,244.0 1,303.1 1,333.4 1,228.3 1,257.8 1,260.2 1,263.8 3.6

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,981.3 2,991.0 3,003.5 3,029.6 2,986.0 3,026.7 3,031.7 3,031.3 -0.4

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,015.2 1,022.4 1,019.9 1,025.3 1,020.5 1,029.7 1,028.2 1,029.7 1.5

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 881.2 884.8 895.2 904.5 881.0 898.3 901.7 899.7 -2.0

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . 1,336.4 1,325.8 1,322.8 1,339.9 1,381.4 1,380.3 1,376.9 1,385.4 8.5

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 595.0 590.6 590.2 588.5 611.3 611.1 610.0 608.5 -1.5

General merchandise stores1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,050.5 3,108.7 3,110.4 3,125.2 3,106.9 3,156.8 3,159.0 3,163.8 4.8

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,310.9 1,304.4 1,297.4 1,296.1 1,352.6 1,339.3 1,332.6 1,328.1 -4.5

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 818.9 797.5 809.7 826.8 818.7 821.6 822.2 821.6 -0.6

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485.3 517.8 518.1 521.4 499.4 530.0 532.7 536.5 3.8

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,613.2 4,693.3 4,694.2 4,742.7 4,614.1 4,736.7 4,747.5 4,760.6 13.1

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443.0 442.3 445.6 447.3 441.1 443.5 445.3 445.9 0.6

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234.7 244.4 246.0 246.6 234.2 245.1 246.3 246.4 0.1

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.7 64.8 65.2 65.4 67.5 66.1 66.1 65.3 -0.8

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,413.0 1,413.5 1,423.7 1,448.2 1,411.5 1,439.6 1,441.3 1,449.9 8.6

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476.8 485.0 483.8 488.4 460.9 471.8 470.6 472.6 2.0

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.8 48.2 48.8 49.3 46.8 48.3 48.6 49.3 0.7

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . 33.8 25.0 28.3 33.9 31.1 30.8 31.1 31.4 0.3

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . 626.1 639.6 644.7 645.0 625.7 642.6 646.2 645.1 -1.1

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 542.6 579.6 557.3 562.1 559.3 590.8 590.7 589.9 -0.8

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 728.7 750.9 750.8 756.5 736.0 758.1 761.3 764.8 3.5

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551.4 558.0 558.0 562.2 550.7 559.7 560.5 561.6 1.1

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,725 2,774 2,786 2,787 2,723 2,778 2,786 2,783 -3

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . 721.0 716.7 716.3 714.2 724.9 719.1 718.5 717.8 -0.7

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382.9 381.1 388.4 388.6 371.7 379.8 382.5 378.2 -4.3

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283.1 289.1 289.5 288.7 284.7 289.7 290.1 289.8 -0.3

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 849.4 863.2 864.7 865.6 852.4 864.1 868.2 868.1 -0.1

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276.0 292.1 294.7 296.6 275.3 292.6 292.9 295.6 2.7

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212.1 231.7 232.6 233.3 213.9 233.0 233.8 233.9 0.1

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,940 8,046 8,060 8,101 7,951 8,090 8,098 8,111 13

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,896.7 5,999.8 5,998.4 6,019.8 5,913.8 6,011.7 6,020.7 6,033.5 12.8

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . 18.3 18.4 18.2 18.2 18.5 18.5 18.4 18.3 -0.1

Credit intermediation and related

activities1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,554.8 2,564.8 2,560.9 2,572.0 2,562.6 2,572.1 2,574.2 2,579.9 5.7

Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . . 1,705.5 1,695.6 1,694.0 1,697.0 1,708.7 1,698.9 1,698.5 1,700.7 2.2

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,292.1 1,279.6 1,275.7 1,277.5 1,295.1 1,281.0 1,278.7 1,280.7 2.0

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . . 875.4 890.8 891.9 893.3 878.3 892.5 894.3 895.5 1.2

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . 2,448.2 2,525.8 2,527.4 2,536.3 2,454.4 2,528.6 2,533.8 2,539.8 6.0

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,043.4 2,046.5 2,061.4 2,081.4 2,036.7 2,078.0 2,077.5 2,077.7 0.2

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,481.8 1,491.9 1,503.7 1,511.9 1,480.3 1,510.4 1,512.0 1,511.2 -0.8

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 538.0 531.6 534.7 545.9 532.5 544.4 542.3 543.1 0.8

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . 23.6 23.0 23.0 23.6 23.9 23.2 23.2 23.4 0.2

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,002 19,343 19,602 19,688 19,005 19,547 19,613 19,676 63

Professional and technical services1

. . . . . . . . . . . 8,254.2 8,620.4 8,665.0 8,547.8 8,310.4 8,562.7 8,585.1 8,603.9 18.8

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,115.4 1,115.8 1,117.3 1,119.0 1,118.8 1,119.8 1,121.9 1,122.2 0.3

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . 906.2 1,116.3 1,099.5 944.0 952.3 997.7 996.0 990.2 -5.8

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . 1,371.0 1,396.2 1,409.7 1,421.8 1,372.6 1,415.6 1,417.9 1,422.4 4.5

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,772.8 1,821.9 1,846.2 1,855.7 1,774.0 1,835.1 1,845.8 1,856.1 10.3

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,229.3 1,283.2 1,294.9 1,304.0 1,232.0 1,295.8 1,302.9 1,309.9 7.0

Management of companies and enterprises. . . 2,165.5 2,192.6 2,190.5 2,204.1 2,167.4 2,199.6 2,200.0 2,204.4 4.4

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

Change

from:

Apr.2015 -

May2015p

Professional and business services - Continued

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,582.6 8,529.9 8,746.2 8,936.3 8,527.2 8,785.0 8,827.5 8,867.4 39.9

Administrative and support services1. . . . . . . . 8,197.4 8,146.2 8,356.7 8,540.5 8,142.6 8,393.0 8,433.4 8,472.0 38.6

Employment services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,376.8 3,427.3 3,489.5 3,582.0 3,390.2 3,539.5 3,553.4 3,579.5 26.1

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,730.4 2,770.2 2,825.9 2,905.4 2,742.8 2,866.9 2,883.0 2,903.1 20.1

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 863.5 908.4 912.0 903.1 876.8 910.3 916.4 915.7 -0.7

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . 2,013.1 1,831.0 1,970.5 2,053.5 1,934.6 1,954.6 1,971.3 1,977.9 6.6

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385.2 383.7 389.5 395.8 384.6 392.0 394.1 395.4 1.3

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,468 22,007 22,099 22,088 21,409 21,863 21,927 22,001 74

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,440.1 3,617.9 3,634.8 3,536.3 3,407.8 3,460.8 3,464.9 3,481.6 16.7

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,028.0 18,388.9 18,464.6 18,551.2 18,000.8 18,402.5 18,462.1 18,519.8 57.7

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,640.7 14,927.9 14,985.7 15,048.9 14,646.4 14,959.4 15,007.4 15,054.2 46.8

Ambulatory health care services1. . . . . . . . . 6,609.4 6,808.7 6,844.7 6,882.6 6,611.3 6,827.2 6,850.8 6,878.4 27.6

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,455.7 2,524.8 2,534.4 2,542.3 2,462.2 2,529.0 2,537.6 2,543.5 5.9

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 710.0 732.3 735.9 740.8 708.5 733.0 736.0 740.5 4.5

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,256.0 1,294.3 1,304.3 1,316.4 1,254.3 1,301.0 1,304.5 1,312.9 8.4

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,772.3 4,845.2 4,855.9 4,870.8 4,777.5 4,848.7 4,863.6 4,879.3 15.7

Nursing and residential care facilities1

. . . . 3,259.0 3,274.0 3,285.1 3,295.5 3,257.6 3,283.5 3,293.0 3,296.5 3.5

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,653.2 1,645.0 1,649.5 1,652.9 1,652.0 1,649.6 1,653.3 1,653.9 0.6

Social assistance1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,387.3 3,461.0 3,478.9 3,502.3 3,354.4 3,443.1 3,454.7 3,465.6 10.9

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 877.4 886.0 891.2 897.4 850.8 866.7 869.6 872.6 3.0

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,942 14,644 14,983 15,393 14,667 15,039 15,049 15,106 57

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,187.5 1,983.7 2,090.4 2,256.4 2,100.8 2,143.2 2,141.9 2,170.9 29.0

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . 470.2 443.5 473.5 506.1 445.8 463.1 463.9 476.8 12.9

Museums, historical sites, and similar

institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152.2 137.8 143.4 151.7 146.3 145.1 145.1 146.8 1.7

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . 1,565.1 1,402.4 1,473.5 1,598.6 1,508.7 1,535.0 1,532.9 1,547.3 14.4

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . 12,754.8 12,660.3 12,892.3 13,136.3 12,566.1 12,895.5 12,906.6 12,935.1 28.5

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,899.7 1,834.9 1,851.0 1,911.2 1,892.9 1,901.7 1,895.0 1,906.5 11.5

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 10,855.1 10,825.4 11,041.3 11,225.1 10,673.2 10,993.8 11,011.6 11,028.6 17.0

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,600 5,597 5,627 5,661 5,572 5,626 5,632 5,634 2

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,252.0 1,261.9 1,268.0 1,277.3 1,242.0 1,264.0 1,263.7 1,266.5 2.8

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,381.2 1,373.2 1,387.6 1,399.8 1,366.4 1,381.9 1,385.4 1,386.5 1.1

Membership associations and organizations. . . 2,966.3 2,962.2 2,971.7 2,983.6 2,963.7 2,980.0 2,982.5 2,981.2 -1.3

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,217 22,288 22,343 22,318 21,841 21,908 21,923 21,941 18

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,726.0 2,719.0 2,742.0 2,735.0 2,726.0 2,733.0 2,735.0 2,738.0 3.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,136.5 2,125.8 2,135.3 2,142.0 2,133.4 2,137.7 2,139.3 2,142.9 3.6

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589.0 592.8 606.4 592.9 592.5 594.9 595.9 595.5 -0.4

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,081.0 5,239.0 5,249.0 5,111.0 5,054.0 5,082.0 5,083.0 5,083.0 0.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,419.3 2,600.7 2,606.5 2,461.2 2,401.0 2,437.6 2,439.9 2,440.4 0.5

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 2,661.4 2,638.2 2,642.2 2,649.8 2,652.9 2,644.6 2,643.3 2,642.6 -0.7

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,410.0 14,330.0 14,352.0 14,472.0 14,061.0 14,093.0 14,105.0 14,120.0 15.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,124.1 8,133.7 8,128.2 8,158.7 7,774.2 7,790.2 7,798.6 7,808.5 9.9

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 6,285.8 6,196.4 6,223.7 6,313.3 6,286.4 6,302.4 6,305.9 6,311.1 5.2

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3

Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 34.5 34.5 34.5 34.5

Goods-producing.................................................................... 40.6 40.4 40.3 40.3

Mining and logging................................................................ 44.5 44.5 44.1 43.7

Construction....................................................................... 39.0 38.9 38.9 38.9

Manufacturing..................................................................... 41.1 40.9 40.7 40.7

Durable goods.................................................................. 41.6 41.2 41.1 41.1

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 40.2 40.2 40.1 40.1

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.3 33.4 33.3 33.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 34.5 34.6 34.6 34.6

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.9 38.8 38.8 38.9

Retail trade...................................................................... 31.3 31.4 31.4 31.4

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.6 38.9 38.9 39.1

Utilities........................................................................... 42.3 43.0 42.7 42.5

Information......................................................................... 36.8 36.4 36.4 36.5

Financial activities................................................................ 37.3 37.5 37.6 37.7

Professional and business services............................................ 36.3 36.2 36.0 36.2

Education and health services.................................................. 32.7 32.8 32.8 32.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 26.1 26.2 26.2 26.2

Other services..................................................................... 31.8 31.8 31.7 31.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.3

Durable goods....................................................................... 3.6 3.3 3.2 3.2

Nondurable goods................................................................... 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

Total private............................................... $24.40 $24.85 $24.88 $24.96 $841.80 $857.33 $858.36 $861.12

Goods-producing....................................... 25.61 26.05 26.09 26.12 1,039.77 1,052.42 1,051.43 1,052.64

Mining and logging.................................. 30.85 31.00 30.94 31.02 1,372.83 1,379.50 1,364.45 1,355.57

Construction.......................................... 26.61 27.23 27.28 27.34 1,037.79 1,059.25 1,061.19 1,063.53

Manufacturing........................................ 24.72 25.09 25.13 25.16 1,015.99 1,026.18 1,022.79 1,024.01

Durable goods.................................... 26.07 26.41 26.44 26.47 1,084.51 1,088.09 1,086.68 1,087.92

Nondurable goods................................ 22.33 22.75 22.83 22.84 897.67 914.55 915.48 915.88

Private service-providing.............................. 24.11 24.56 24.60 24.69 802.86 820.30 819.18 824.65

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 21.39 21.65 21.69 21.78 737.96 749.09 750.47 753.59

Wholesale trade.................................. 28.07 28.40 28.47 28.73 1,091.92 1,101.92 1,104.64 1,117.60

Retail trade........................................ 16.98 17.30 17.35 17.41 531.47 543.22 544.79 546.67

Transportation and warehousing............... 22.92 22.84 22.81 22.77 884.71 888.48 887.31 890.31

Utilities............................................. 35.46 36.87 36.94 36.99 1,499.96 1,585.41 1,577.34 1,572.08

Information........................................... 33.87 34.51 34.51 34.63 1,246.42 1,256.16 1,256.16 1,264.00

Financial activities................................... 30.59 31.33 31.38 31.52 1,141.01 1,174.88 1,179.89 1,188.30

Professional and business services.............. 29.21 29.85 29.92 29.98 1,060.32 1,080.57 1,077.12 1,085.28

Education and health services..................... 24.66 25.09 25.10 25.19 806.38 822.95 823.28 826.23

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 13.82 14.22 14.30 14.32 360.70 372.56 374.66 375.18

Other services....................................... 21.87 22.27 22.22 22.36 695.47 708.19 704.37 711.05

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

Percent

change

from:

Apr.

2015 -

May

2015p

May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

Percent

change

from:

Apr.

2015 -

May

2015p

Total private..................................... 100.7 102.9 103.0 103.3 0.3 117.3 122.0 122.4 123.0 0.5

Goods-producing............................. 88.6 89.9 89.8 89.8 0.0 102.6 105.9 105.9 106.1 0.2

Mining and logging........................ 124.2 122.8 119.6 116.0 -3.0 153.8 152.8 148.6 144.5 -2.8

Construction................................ 82.2 84.9 85.4 85.6 0.2 95.0 100.5 101.2 101.7 0.5

Manufacturing.............................. 89.9 90.7 90.3 90.3 0.0 103.3 105.8 105.5 105.7 0.2

Durable goods........................... 89.7 90.5 90.3 90.3 0.0 103.9 106.2 106.1 106.2 0.1

Nondurable goods...................... 90.2 90.7 90.5 90.6 0.1 102.2 104.7 104.8 105.0 0.2

Private service-providing.................... 104.0 106.6 106.5 107.1 0.6 121.6 126.9 127.0 128.2 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 98.7 100.8 100.9 101.1 0.2 113.6 117.5 117.8 118.5 0.6

Wholesale trade......................... 98.7 99.9 99.9 100.2 0.3 115.6 118.5 118.7 120.2 1.3

Retail trade.............................. 97.4 99.4 99.5 99.7 0.2 109.3 113.7 114.1 114.8 0.6

Transportation and warehousing...... 101.9 105.5 105.7 106.5 0.8 118.6 122.2 122.3 123.1 0.7

Utilities.................................... 100.8 104.1 103.5 103.3 -0.2 118.1 126.8 126.4 126.2 -0.2

Information................................. 91.5 92.3 92.6 92.8 0.2 110.4 113.5 113.8 114.4 0.5

Financial activities......................... 97.1 99.4 99.7 100.1 0.4 115.9 121.4 122.1 123.1 0.8

Professional and business services..... 108.5 111.3 111.1 112.0 0.8 128.4 134.6 134.6 136.1 1.1

Education and health services........... 112.4 115.1 115.4 115.8 0.3 130.5 136.0 136.5 137.4 0.7

Leisure and hospitality.................... 109.2 112.4 112.5 112.9 0.4 121.8 129.0 129.8 130.5 0.5

Other services............................. 98.2 99.1 98.9 99.3 0.4 121.9 125.3 124.7 126.0 1.0

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

Total nonfarm............................................. 68,442 69,668 69,756 69,945 49.4 49.3 49.3 49.4

Total private............................................ 55,976 57,138 57,215 57,386 47.9 47.9 47.9 47.9

Goods-producing.................................... 4,192 4,270 4,274 4,271 21.9 21.9 21.8 21.8

Mining and logging............................... 117 121 119 117 13.2 13.8 13.8 13.8

Construction....................................... 772 797 803 805 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6

Manufacturing..................................... 3,303 3,352 3,352 3,349 27.2 27.2 27.2 27.2

Durable goods.................................. 1,765 1,809 1,811 1,815 23.0 23.2 23.2 23.2

Nondurable goods............................. 1,538 1,543 1,541 1,534 34.2 34.1 34.1 33.9

Private service-providing........................... 51,784 52,868 52,941 53,115 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............. 10,661 10,867 10,862 10,887 40.5 40.6 40.5 40.5

Wholesale trade................................ 1,720.2 1,735.8 1,737.7 1,737.8 29.6 29.4 29.4 29.4

Retail trade..................................... 7,718.3 7,873.4 7,862.4 7,890.6 50.4 50.5 50.4 50.5

Transportation and warehousing............. 1,088.1 1,123.3 1,127.1 1,124.2 23.6 23.7 23.7 23.6

Utilities........................................... 134.1 134.5 134.3 134.0 24.4 24.0 24.0 23.9

Information......................................... 1,090 1,117 1,115 1,113 40.0 40.2 40.0 40.0

Financial activities................................ 4,560 4,630 4,629 4,628 57.4 57.2 57.2 57.1

Professional and business services............ 8,487 8,702 8,725 8,767 44.7 44.5 44.5 44.6

Education and health services.................. 16,445 16,817 16,866 16,927 76.8 76.9 76.9 76.9

Leisure and hospitality........................... 7,625 7,792 7,799 7,843 52.0 51.8 51.8 51.9

Other services..................................... 2,916 2,943 2,945 2,950 52.3 52.3 52.3 52.4

Government............................................. 12,466 12,530 12,541 12,559 57.1 57.2 57.2 57.2

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

Total private............................................................................... 96,516 98,374 98,501 98,744

Goods-producing....................................................................... 13,807 14,086 14,101 14,122

Mining and logging.................................................................. 653 644 632 619

Construction.......................................................................... 4,615 4,761 4,797 4,816

Manufacturing........................................................................ 8,539 8,681 8,672 8,687

Durable goods..................................................................... 5,270 5,379 5,374 5,386

Nondurable goods................................................................ 3,269 3,302 3,298 3,301

Private service-providing.............................................................. 82,709 84,288 84,400 84,622

Trade, transportation, and utilities................................................. 22,225 22,579 22,566 22,599

Wholesale trade................................................................... 4,701.5 4,748.3 4,743.1 4,733.5

Retail trade........................................................................ 13,088.2 13,277.2 13,265.8 13,295.6

Transportation and warehousing................................................ 3,990.5 4,102.9 4,106.7 4,118.5

Utilities.............................................................................. 445.1 450.4 450.7 451.5

Information............................................................................ 2,205 2,252 2,257 2,254

Financial activities................................................................... 6,137 6,245 6,251 6,257

Professional and business services............................................... 15,735 16,085 16,141 16,194

Education and health services..................................................... 18,804 19,185 19,232 19,295

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 12,959 13,257 13,267 13,330

Other services........................................................................ 4,644 4,685 4,686 4,693

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 33.7 33.7 33.6 33.7

Goods-producing.................................................................... 41.6 41.2 41.2 41.1

Mining and logging................................................................ 47.0 46.2 45.9 45.7

Construction....................................................................... 39.7 39.4 39.4 39.3

Manufacturing..................................................................... 42.2 41.8 41.8 41.8

Durable goods.................................................................. 42.7 42.1 42.1 42.1

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 41.3 41.4 41.4 41.4

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 33.6 33.6 33.6 33.7

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.7 38.6 38.6 38.5

Retail trade...................................................................... 29.9 30.0 30.0 30.0

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.5 38.7 38.7 38.9

Utilities........................................................................... 42.2 42.8 42.5 42.7

Information......................................................................... 35.9 36.0 36.0 36.0

Financial activities................................................................ 36.7 37.1 37.1 37.2

Professional and business services............................................ 35.6 35.4 35.2 35.3

Education and health services.................................................. 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 25.2 25.0 25.0 25.0

Other services..................................................................... 30.8 30.7 30.6 30.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 4.6 4.3 4.2 4.2

Durable goods....................................................................... 4.8 4.3 4.2 4.2

Nondurable goods................................................................... 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

Total private............................................... $20.55 $20.88 $20.91 $20.97 $692.54 $703.66 $702.58 $706.69

Goods-producing....................................... 21.56 21.83 21.86 21.89 896.90 899.40 900.63 899.68

Mining and logging.................................. 26.83 26.46 26.27 26.40 1,261.01 1,222.45 1,205.79 1,206.48

Construction.......................................... 24.65 25.10 25.13 25.20 978.61 988.94 990.12 990.36

Manufacturing........................................ 19.53 19.77 19.80 19.82 824.17 826.39 827.64 828.48

Durable goods.................................... 20.67 20.86 20.86 20.90 882.61 878.21 878.21 879.89

Nondurable goods................................ 17.64 17.96 18.03 18.02 728.53 743.54 746.44 746.03

Private service-providing.............................. 20.34 20.67 20.71 20.77 659.02 669.71 671.00 672.95

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 18.25 18.54 18.55 18.60 613.20 622.94 623.28 626.82

Wholesale trade.................................. 23.15 23.52 23.54 23.65 895.91 907.87 908.64 910.53

Retail trade........................................ 14.38 14.62 14.66 14.71 429.96 438.60 439.80 441.30

Transportation and warehousing............... 20.54 20.76 20.71 20.68 790.79 803.41 801.48 804.45

Utilities............................................. 32.77 33.99 33.88 34.10 1,382.89 1,454.77 1,439.90 1,456.07

Information........................................... 28.62 28.51 28.74 28.89 1,027.46 1,026.36 1,034.64 1,040.04

Financial activities................................... 24.60 25.15 25.19 25.29 902.82 933.07 934.55 940.79

Professional and business services.............. 24.24 24.54 24.60 24.69 862.94 868.72 865.92 871.56

Education and health services..................... 21.58 21.94 21.97 22.02 690.56 702.08 705.24 706.84

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 12.03 12.35 12.38 12.39 303.16 308.75 309.50 309.75

Other services....................................... 18.41 18.79 18.77 18.86 567.03 576.85 574.36 579.00

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

Percent

change

from:

Apr.

2015 -

May

2015p

May

2014

Mar.

2015

Apr.

2015p

May

2015p

Percent

change

from:

Apr.

2015 -

May

2015p

Total private..................................... 108.4 110.5 110.3 110.9 0.5 148.8 154.1 154.1 155.4 0.8

Goods-producing............................. 87.8 88.7 88.8 88.7 -0.1 115.9 118.6 118.8 118.9 0.1

Mining and logging........................ 163.1 158.1 154.2 150.3 -2.5 254.5 243.3 235.5 230.8 -2.0

Construction................................ 91.7 93.9 94.6 94.8 0.2 122.1 127.3 128.4 129.0 0.5

Manufacturing.............................. 82.7 83.3 83.2 83.4 0.2 105.7 107.7 107.7 108.0 0.3

Durable goods........................... 84.6 85.1 85.0 85.2 0.2 109.1 110.8 110.7 111.2 0.5

Nondurable goods...................... 79.5 80.5 80.4 80.5 0.1 99.2 102.2 102.5 102.5 0.0

Private service-providing.................... 114.2 116.3 116.5 116.8 0.3 159.2 164.9 165.4 166.3 0.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 104.1 105.8 105.7 106.2 0.5 135.5 139.9 139.9 140.9 0.7

Wholesale trade......................... 107.2 107.9 107.8 107.3 -0.5 146.1 149.5 149.5 149.5 0.0

Retail trade.............................. 99.1 100.8 100.7 101.0 0.3 122.1 126.3 126.6 127.3 0.6

Transportation and warehousing...... 115.6 119.5 119.6 120.6 0.8 150.7 157.4 157.2 158.2 0.6

Utilities.................................... 96.1 98.6 98.0 98.6 0.6 131.4 139.9 138.5 140.3 1.3

Information................................. 90.3 92.5 92.7 92.6 -0.1 128.0 130.6 131.9 132.5 0.5

Financial activities......................... 106.0 109.1 109.2 109.6 0.4 160.5 168.8 169.2 170.5 0.8

Professional and business services..... 125.5 127.6 127.3 128.1 0.6 181.1 186.4 186.4 188.2 1.0

Education and health services........... 128.4 131.0 131.8 132.2 0.3 182.9 189.7 191.0 192.1 0.6

Leisure and hospitality.................... 119.6 121.4 121.5 122.1 0.5 163.4 170.3 170.8 171.8 0.6

Other services............................. 100.3 100.9 100.6 101.0 0.4 134.6 138.1 137.5 138.9 1.0

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.