2

Technical information:

Household data: (202) 691-6378

http://www.bls.gov/cps/

Establishment data: 691-6555

http://www.bls.gov/ces/

Media contact: 691-5902

USDL 03-281

Transmission of material in this release is

embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EDT),

Friday, June 6, 2003.

 Revisions to Establishment Survey Data

Several major changes affect the establishment survey data being released today, including

the conversion from the Standard Industrial Classification system to the North American Industry

Classification System (NAICS), the completion of a sample redesign phase-in, and the

introduction of concurrent seasonal adjustment. All historical establishment survey data were

reconstructed to reflect the switch to NAICS. Additionally, this release incorporates annual

benchmark adjustments and updated seasonal adjustment factors for historical data. More

information on these changes is provided in the note beginning on page 5.

2001 2002 2003

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

Percent

Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,

June 2000 - May 2003

Chart 1.

0.0

2001 2002 2003

122.0

124.0

126.0

128.0

130.0

132.0

134.0

Millions

 Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted,

 June 2000 - May 2003

 Chart 2.

0.0

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: MAY 2003

Both nonfarm payroll employment and the unemployment rate were about unchanged in May, the Bureau

of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. There were job gains in temporary help

services and construction, while losses continued in manufacturing.

Unemployment (Household Survey Data)

The unemployment rate was 6.1 percent in May; the number of unemployed persons was 9.0 million.

Over the month, the unemployment rate for Hispanics increased to 8.2 percent. The rates for whites and

adult men edged up to 5.4 and 5.9 percent, respectively. The jobless rates for the other major worker

groups—adult women (5.1 percent), teenagers (18.5 percent), and blacks (10.8 percent)—showed little
2

Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Quarterly averages Monthly data Apr.-

Category 2002 2003 1 2003 May

IV I Mar. Apr. May change 

HOUSEHOLD DATA Labor force status

Civilian labor force................................................. 145,241 145,829 145,793 146,473 146,485 12

Employment................................................................... 136,657 137,430 137,348 137,687 137,487 -200

Unemployment................................................................... 8,584 8,399 8,445 8,786 8,998 212

Not in labor force................................................................... 73,302 74,280 74,524 74,067 74,283 216

All workers........................................................ 5.9 5.8 5.8 6.0 6.1 0.1

Adult men........................................................ 5.5 5.4 5.3 5.6 5.9 .3

Adult women........................................................ 5.2 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.1 .0

Teenagers........................................................ 16.1 17.2 17.7 18.0 18.5 .5

White 2........................................................5.1 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.4 .2

Black or African American 2.................................... 10.7 10.3 10.2 10.9 10.8 -.1

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity........................... 7.8 7.7 7.5 7.5 8.2 .7

ESTABLISHMENT DATA3

Nonfarm employment........................................................ 130,338 130,225 130,084 p130,084 p130,067 p-17

Goods-producing 4........................................................ 22,389 22,213 22,159 p22,104 p22,075 p-29

Construction............................................................. 6,732 6,719 6,720 p6,757 p6,783 p26

Manufacturing........................................................ 15,085 14,926 14,874 p14,784 p14,731 p-53

Service-providing 4............................................................... 107,949 108,012 107,925 p107,980 p107,992 p12

Retail trade........................................................ 15,015 14,997 14,995 p15,008 p14,994 p-14

Professional and business services......... 16,007 16,013 15,980 p15,981 p16,029 p48

Education and health services.............................. 16,348 16,429 16,452 p16,498 p16,516 p18

Leisure and hospitality........................................................ 12,040 12,089 12,050 p12,043 p12,034 p-9

Government........................................................ 21,547 21,570 21,547 p21,545 p21,520 p-25

Hours of work 5

Total private........................................................ 33.8 33.8 33.8 p33.7 p33.7 p0.0

Manufacturing............................................................ 40.4 40.4 40.4 p40.1 p40.2 p.1

Overtime........................................................ 4.3 4.3 4.1 p4.0 p4.1 p.1

Earnings 5

Average hourly earnings, total private............... $15.15 $15.27 $15.29 p$15.29 p$15.34 p$0.05

Average weekly earnings, total private............ 511.96 $515.50 516.80 p515.27 p516.96 p1.69

 1 Beginning in January 2003, household data reflect revised population controls used in the Current Population 

Survey.

 2 Beginning in 2003, persons who selected this race group only were included in this category. Persons who selected more than one race group are included only in the "all workers" total. Prior to 2003, persons who reported 

 more than one race were included in the group they identified as the main race. 

 3

 Establishment data reflect the conversion to the 2002 version of the North American Industry Classification 

System (NAICS) as the basis for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry, replacing the 1987 

Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. Due to differences in NAICS and SIC structures, NAICS-based 

data by industry are not comparable to the SIC-based data. In addition, the establishment data reflect March 2002 

benchmark levels, the completion of the conversion of the survey sample from a quota basis to a probability basis, 

a modification of the seasonal adjustment process, and other changes. See the note beginning on page 5 for more 

information on the changes. 

 4 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

 5 Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.

 p=preliminary.

Unemployment rates

Employment
3

or no change from the previous month. The unemployment rate for Asians was 5.1 percent, not seasonally

adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

The number of unemployed job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs rose by 309,000 to

5.1 million in May. The number of persons unemployed less than 5 weeks edged up to 3.1 million. There

were 1.9 million persons unemployed for 27 weeks or longer in May, about the same as in April. This

measure has increased by 347,000 over the past 12 months. (See tables A-8 and A-9.)

Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

The employment-population ratio edged down to 62.3 percent in May; total employment, at 137.5

million, was not significantly different from April’s level. Over the month, the civilian labor force and labor

force participation rate were unchanged at 146.5 million and 66.4 percent, respectively. (See table A-1.)

Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

In May, 1.4 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, about the same as a year earlier.

These individuals wanted and were available to work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12

months. They were not counted as unemployed, however, because they did not actively search for work in

the 4 weeks preceding the survey. There were 482,000 discouraged workers in May, essentially unchanged

from May 2002. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, were not currently looking for

work specifically because they believed no jobs were available for them. (See table A-13.)

Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)

The following discussion of employment developments from the establishment survey reflects the introduction of new industry classifications. See the note beginning on page 5.

Total nonfarm payroll employment was little changed (-17,000) in May at 130.1 million. Payroll

employment has declined by 2.5 million since peaking in February 2001. The private sector has lost

3.1 million jobs over the same period, with manufacturing accounting for the bulk of the job losses.

(See table B-1.)

In May, employment in natural resources and mining continued the downward trend that began in June

2001. The industry has lost 50,000 jobs over that period, with about half of the losses in support activities

for mining.

Construction employment rose by 26,000 in May. Employment in specialty trade contractors showed

the largest increase. Construction lost 160,000 jobs from March 2001 to February 2003 but has gained

back about half of those losses over the last 3 months. The recent job growth has occurred in construction

of buildings and in special trade contracting.

Manufacturing employment decreased by 53,000 in May, about the same as its average monthly decline

for the prior 12 months. Since July 2000, the industry has lost 2.6 million jobs, a decline of about

15 percent. May job losses were widespread in both durable and nondurable goods. The largest decline

occurred in computer and electronic products (-16,000); employment in the industry has decreased every

month since January 2001. Transportation equipment employment was up by 9,000 over the month, as

workers returned from temporary auto plant shutdowns. Since its most recent peak in October 1998,

employment in transportation equipment manufacturing has decreased by 320,000.
4

Employment in wholesale trade continued to trend downward in May. The industry has lost 386,000

jobs since its peak in March 2000. Retail employment was little changed over the month. It declined by

374,000 from its peak in February 2001 through the end of 2002 but has been essentially flat thus far in

2003.

Job losses continued in transportation and warehousing over the month. Employment declined by 5,000

in air transportation; the industry has lost 113,000 jobs since its peak in March 2001.

Information sector employment was essentially unchanged in May. Since its peak in March 2001, the

industry has lost 417,000 jobs. Declines occurred throughout the component industries of the sector,

including telecommunications; publishing industries, except Internet; and Internet service providers (ISPs),

search portals, and data processing.

Employment in financial activities continued to grow in May. Credit intermediation and related activities,

which includes mortgage brokerages, added 19,000 jobs over the month. Since July 2000, employment in

credit intermediation and related activities has increased by about a quarter of a million.

Professional and business services added 48,000 jobs in May, bolstered by strong growth in temporary

help services (58,000). Employment in temporary help services peaked in April 2000 and fell sharply until

late 2001. Since then, it has remained at about 2.2 million.

Education and health services employment continued to grow; the industry has added a million jobs since

March 2001. Within this sector, employment rose over the month in ambulatory health care services (such

as doctors’ offices and outpatient care centers). Social assistance lost 10,000 jobs in May, 6,000 of which

were in child day care services.

Employment in leisure and hospitality was little changed in May. This industry, which includes arts,

entertainment, and recreation; accommodations; and food service and drinking places has lost about 100,000

jobs since January.

Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)

The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls was

unchanged in May at 33.7 hours, seasonally adjusted. This followed a decline of 0.1 hour in April. The

manufacturing workweek gained 0.1 hour in May, bringing it to 40.2 hours. This followed a decline of

0.3 hour in April. Manufacturing overtime edged up by 0.1 hour to 4.1 hours in May. (See table B-2.)

The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm

payrolls was unchanged in May at 98.7 (2002=100). The manufacturing index was down by 0.2 percent

over the month to 95.0. (See table B-5.)

Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)

Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased

by 5 cents in May to $15.34, seasonally adjusted. This followed no change in April. Average weekly

earnings rose by 0.3 percent in May to $516.96. Over the year, average hourly earnings grew by

3.2 percent, and average weekly earnings increased by 2.6 percent. (See table B-3.)

The Employment Situation for June 2003 is scheduled to be released on Thursday, July 3, at 8:30 A.M.

(EDT).

______________________________
5

 Revisions to Establishment Survey Data

Effective with the release of data for May 2003, several major changes have been introduced to the

Current Employment Statistics (CES), or establishment, survey. These changes include the conversion to a

new industrial classification system, the completion of a sample redesign, and the introduction of concurrent

seasonal adjustment methodology, which updates seasonal factors each month. In addition, the establishment

data incorporate routine annual benchmark revisions and accompanying revisions to seasonally adjusted data.

NAICS conversion. Effective with this release, all CES employment, hours, and earnings series have

been converted from the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system to the 2002 North American

Industry Classification System (NAICS). The NAICS conversion has resulted in major definitional changes

to many of the previously published SIC-based series. CES historical time series have been reconstructed as

part of the NAICS conversion process. All published series now have a NAICS-based history extending

back to at least 1990. For total nonfarm and other high-level aggregates, NAICS history has been

reconstructed back to the previously existing start date for the series, 1939 in most cases. For more detailed

industry series, the start dates vary depending on the scope of the definitional changes between SIC and

NAICS; series with a high overlap between SIC and NAICS definitions have been reconstructed back to

previously existing start dates. The reconstruction was based on the employment relationships developed

from an establishment universe file with both the SIC and the NAICS codes. The establishment universe file

is derived from unemployment insurance tax records and also serves as the sampling frame and benchmark

source for the CES estimates.

The B tables in this release reflect the new NAICS publication structure. One new table (B-6) has been

added; it contains indexes of aggregate payrolls. These indexes were available under the SIC structure but

were not published in the Employment Situation release. Former table B-6 is now table B-7.

Change to federal government series. The CES series for federal government employment has been

revised slightly in scope and definition due to a change in source data and estimation methods. Previously,

this series was an end-of-the-month count of federal employees produced by the U.S. Office of Personnel

Management and excluded some workers, mostly employees who work in Department of Defense-owned

establishments, such as military base commissaries. Beginning with this release, these workers are included,

and the federal series is estimated from a sample of federal establishments, benchmarked annually, and

reflects employment as of the pay period including the 12th of the month. These changes make the federal

employment series more consistent with other CES industry series. The historical times series for federal

government has been revised to reflect these changes.

Completion of the CES sample redesign. This release marks the completion of a multiyear transition

of the establishment survey from a quota-based sample to a more statistically sound probability-based

sample. The implementation of the probability sample began in June 2000. Prior to this release, all private

industries had already been converted to the probability sample with the exception of the services division

(as defined under SIC). Data in this release reflect the conversion of all industries in the services division to

the probability-based sample.

Level shifts. With the completion of the redesign phase-in, new base levels have been computed for

CES hours, earnings, production and nonsupervisory workers, and women workers series, from the NAICSbased probability sample. These recomputations have resulted in level shifts for some of the industry series,

as compared with previously published data. In earlier stages of the redesign phase-in, a methodology that

prevented level shifts was utilized in order to avoid repeated disruption of the industry series during the

phase-in period.
6

Benchmark revisions. In accordance with standard annual practice, the CES survey data have been

revised to incorporate comprehensive universe counts of payroll jobs, or benchmarks, with the release of

May 2003 preliminary estimates. These counts are derived principally from unemployment insurance tax

records for March 2002. The benchmark revision process affects all unadjusted data series from April 2001

forward, the time period since the last benchmark was established. Normally, 5 years of seasonally adjusted

data are revised with each benchmark revision. However, with this release, the entire new time series history

for all CES data series has been reseasonally adjusted due to the NAICS conversion, which results in the

revision of all CES time series history.

Concurrent seasonal adjustment. Beginning with this release, current monthly establishment data are

adjusted using a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology. The March 2003 final estimates and the April

and May 2003 preliminary estimates are adjusted using the concurrent method. Similarly, in all subsequent

months, the first preliminary estimates for the current reference month and the revised estimates for the 2

prior months will be updated with concurrent factors with each release. This is a change from the previous

practice of updating seasonal factors semiannually. Concurrent seasonal adjustment is more accurate because

it incorporates all available data, including first preliminary estimates for the most current month, in the

adjustment process. Research has demonstrated that the concurrent methodology results in smaller revisions

between first preliminary and final estimates. Due to this change in methodology, BLS will no longer publish

seasonal factors in advance for the CES estimates.

Table B presents revised total nonfarm employment data on a seasonally adjusted basis for January 2002

through April 2003. The revised data reflect the effects of the benchmark revisions, NAICS conversion,

completion of the sample redesign phase-in, changes in the federal government series, and new seasonal

adjustment factors.

Further information. The BLS public database on the Internet, LABSTAT, contains all revised CES

data released today. All LABSTAT series codes associated with the establishment survey data have been

revised to reflect the NAICS conversion. The prefix for CES national series has been changed from EE to

CE for the NAICS-based series and the length of the series code has been expanded by two digits to

accommodate the more detailed NAICS coding structure. The SIC-based series have been retained on

LABSTAT under the EE prefix, but the series end with the first preliminary estimates for April 2003; they

will not be updated.

Further descriptive information on the NAICS conversion and the other changes described above also is

available on LABSTAT. The CES data and related information can be accessed through the CES homepage

at http://www.bls.gov/ces/. Information also may be obtained by calling 202-691-6555. Additionally, the

June 2003 issue of Employment and Earnings will contain an article that discusses the NAICS conversion,

the benchmark revision, and the other changes introduced with this release.
7

Table B. Revisions in nonfarm employment, seasonally adjusted, January 2002-April 2003

Year and month

 Levels Over-the-month changes

2002:

January .............................. 130,871 130,578 -19 -83 -64

February ............................ 130,706 130,510 -165 -68 97

March............................... 130,701 130,481 -5 -29 -24

April .................................. 130,680 130,415 -21 -66 -45

May................................... 130,702 130,411 22 -4 -26

June ................................... 130,736 130,383 34 -28 -62

July .................................... 130,790 130,204 54 -179 -233

August ............................... 130,913 130,224 123 20 -103

September ......................... 130,829 130,289 -84 65 149

October ............................. 130,898 130,408 69 119 50

November.......................... 130,817 130,409 -81 1 82

December .......................... 130,670 130,198 -147 -211 -64

2003:

January .............................. 130,873 130,356 203 158 -45

February ............................ 130,520 130,235 -353 -121 232

March................................ 130,396 130,084 -124 -151 -27

April (p) ............................ 130,348 130,084 -48 0 48

 As

previously

published

 As

previously

published

 As

revised

 As

revised

(In thousands)

Difference

p = preliminary.
Explanatory Note

This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the

Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current

Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor

Statistics (BLS).

The establishment survey provides the information on the

employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that

appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This

information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation

with State agencies. The sample includes about 160,000 businesses

and government agencies covering approximately 400,000 individual

worksites. The active sample includes about one-third of all nonfarm

payroll workers. The sample is drawn from a sampling frame of

unemployment insurance tax accounts.

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular

week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is

generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In

the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the

calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences

between surveys

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire

civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of

questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and

over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or

not in the labor force.

People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as

paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least

15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as

employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of

illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal

reasons.

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following

criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were

available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find

employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need

not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon

the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed

persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not

 in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed

as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is

the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employmentpopulation ratio is the employed as a percent of the population.

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn

from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores,

as well as Federal, State, and local government entities. Employees on

nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted

in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate only to production workers in the goods-producing

sector and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing sector.

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and

establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

• The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among

the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey.

• The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the

employed. The establishment survey does not.

• The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.

The establishment survey is not limited by age.

• The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because

individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job.

In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job

and thus appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation’s labor force and the

levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations

due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded

production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of

schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large; seasonal fluctuations may account for as much as 95 percent of the monthto-month changes in unemployment.

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern

each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by

adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make

nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or

increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to

spot. For example, the large number of youth entering the labor force

each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place

relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of

students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics

for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change.

Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in

economic activity.

In both the household and establishment surveys, most seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most supersectors, total employment, and

unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted
component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by

summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components;

this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained

by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons,

or more detailed age categories.

The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments for the

household survey are recalculated twice a year; the factors are calculated for the January-June period and again for the July-December

period. For the establishment survey, a concurrent seasonal adjustment

methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each

month for the three most recent monthly estimates, using all relevant

data, up to and including the data for the current month. In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are

subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather

than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample

estimates may differ from the “true” population values they represent.

The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the

particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the

standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or

level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no

more than 1.6 standard errors from the “true” population value because

of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence.

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total

employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or

minus 290,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases

by 100,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence

interval on the monthly change would range from -190,000 to 390,000

(100,000 +/- 290,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results

are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent

chance that the “true” over-the-month change lies within this interval.

Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with

confidence that employment had, in fact, increased. If, however, the

reported employment rise was half a million, then all of the values

within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero.

In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that an employment rise had, in fact, occurred. At an unemployment rate of around

4 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change

in unemployment is about +/- 270,000, and for the monthly change in

the unemployment rate it is about +/- .19 percentage point.

In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments

have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than

estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The

precision of estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated

over time such as for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal

adjustment process can also improve the stability of the monthly

estimates.

The household and establishment surveys are also affected by

nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons,

including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to

obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or

unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a

timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the

collection or processing of the data.

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most

recent 2 months are based on substantially incomplete returns; for this

reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only

after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly

all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered

final.

Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment

survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment

generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation

of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components

is used to account for business births. The first component uses business

deaths to impute employment for business births. This is incorporated

into the sample-based link relative estimate procedure by simply not

reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the

same trend as the other firms in the sample. The second component is

an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/

death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical

time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from

the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects

the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past five years.

The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are

adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll

employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March samplebased employment estimates and the March universe counts is known

as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey

error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, the benchmark revision for

total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.3 percent, ranging from

zero to 0.7 percent.

Additional statistics and other information

More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and

Earnings, published each month by BLS. It is available for $27.00 per

issue or $53.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office,

Washington, DC 20402. All orders must be prepaid by sending a check

or money order payable to the Superintendent of Documents, or by

charging to Mastercard or Visa.

Employment and Earnings also provides measures of sampling error

for the household and establishment survey data published in this

release. For unemployment and other labor force categories, these

measures appear in tables 1-B through 1-D of its “Explanatory Notes.”

For the establishment survey data, the sampling error measures and the

actual size of revisions due to benchmark adjustments appear in tables

2-B through 2-F of Employment and Earnings.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD

message referral phone: 1-800-877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

May 

2002

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

May 

2002

Jan.

2003

Feb.

2003

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 217,198 220,540 220,768 217,198 219,897 220,114 220,317 220,540 220,768

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 144,527 145,925 146,067 144,911 145,838 145,857 145,793 146,473 146,485

 Participation rate ............................................................... 66.5 66.2 66.2 66.7 66.3 66.3 66.2 66.4 66.4

 Employed .............................................................................. 136,559 137,424 137,567 136,487 137,536 137,408 137,348 137,687 137,487

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 62.9 62.3 62.3 62.8 62.5 62.4 62.3 62.4 62.3

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 7,969 8,501 8,500 8,424 8,302 8,450 8,445 8,786 8,998

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 5.5 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.7 5.8 5.8 6.0 6.1

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 72,671 74,615 74,701 72,287 74,059 74,257 74,524 74,067 74,283

 Persons who currently want a job ......................................... 5,533 4,373 5,482 4,795 4,676 4,462 5,020 4,417 4,744

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 104,393 106,123 106,238 104,393 105,767 105,895 106,005 106,123 106,238

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 77,485 77,796 77,870 77,676 77,693 77,927 77,738 78,122 78,088

 Participation rate ............................................................... 74.2 73.3 73.3 74.4 73.5 73.6 73.3 73.6 73.5

 Employed .............................................................................. 73,230 72,905 73,131 73,093 72,994 73,249 73,064 73,182 72,981

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 70.1 68.7 68.8 70.0 69.0 69.2 68.9 69.0 68.7

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 4,255 4,891 4,739 4,583 4,699 4,678 4,674 4,940 5,107

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 5.5 6.3 6.1 5.9 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.3 6.5

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 26,908 28,327 28,367 26,718 28,074 27,968 28,268 28,001 28,150

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 96,205 97,979 98,083 96,205 97,635 97,762 97,869 97,979 98,083

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 73,701 74,504 74,410 73,766 73,993 74,254 74,236 74,571 74,506

 Participation rate ............................................................... 76.6 76.0 75.9 76.7 75.8 76.0 75.9 76.1 76.0

 Employed .............................................................................. 70,104 70,259 70,338 69,918 69,967 70,293 70,293 70,364 70,144

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 72.9 71.7 71.7 72.7 71.7 71.9 71.8 71.8 71.5

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 3,597 4,245 4,072 3,848 4,026 3,962 3,944 4,207 4,362

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 4.9 5.7 5.5 5.2 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.6 5.9

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 22,504 23,475 23,674 22,439 23,642 23,508 23,632 23,408 23,577

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 112,805 114,417 114,531 112,805 114,130 114,219 114,312 114,417 114,531

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 67,042 68,130 68,197 67,235 68,144 67,930 68,055 68,351 68,397

 Participation rate ............................................................... 59.4 59.5 59.5 59.6 59.7 59.5 59.5 59.7 59.7

 Employed .............................................................................. 63,328 64,519 64,436 63,394 64,542 64,159 64,284 64,505 64,506

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 56.1 56.4 56.3 56.2 56.6 56.2 56.2 56.4 56.3

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 3,713 3,610 3,761 3,841 3,603 3,772 3,771 3,846 3,891

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 5.5 5.3 5.5 5.7 5.3 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.7

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 45,763 46,288 46,334 45,569 45,985 46,289 46,257 46,066 46,134

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 104,977 106,510 106,613 104,977 106,235 106,322 106,411 106,510 106,613

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 63,499 64,696 64,678 63,551 64,479 64,310 64,477 64,677 64,733

 Participation rate ............................................................... 60.5 60.7 60.7 60.5 60.7 60.5 60.6 60.7 60.7

 Employed .............................................................................. 60,334 61,595 61,507 60,262 61,443 61,073 61,227 61,401 61,436

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 57.5 57.8 57.7 57.4 57.8 57.4 57.5 57.6 57.6

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 3,165 3,101 3,170 3,289 3,035 3,237 3,250 3,276 3,297

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 5.0 4.8 4.9 5.2 4.7 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.1

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 41,478 41,814 41,935 41,426 41,757 42,013 41,933 41,834 41,880

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 16,017 16,051 16,072 16,017 16,027 16,030 16,038 16,051 16,072

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 7,328 6,726 6,979 7,594 7,366 7,293 7,079 7,226 7,246

 Participation rate ............................................................... 45.7 41.9 43.4 47.4 46.0 45.5 44.1 45.0 45.1

 Employed .............................................................................. 6,120 5,570 5,722 6,307 6,125 6,042 5,829 5,923 5,907

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 38.2 34.7 35.6 39.4 38.2 37.7 36.3 36.9 36.8

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,207 1,155 1,257 1,287 1,241 1,251 1,251 1,303 1,339

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 16.5 17.2 18.0 17.0 16.8 17.1 17.7 18.0 18.5

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 8,689 9,325 9,092 8,422 8,661 8,736 8,959 8,825 8,826

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical

numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

May 

2002

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

May 

2002

Jan.

2003

Feb.

2003

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

WHITE 2

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 179,524 180,873 181,021 179,524 180,460 180,599 180,728 180,873 181,021

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 119,938 120,195 120,135 120,197 120,084 120,166 120,200 120,575 120,420

 Participation rate ................................................................. 66.8 66.5 66.4 67.0 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.7 66.5

 Employed .............................................................................. 114,132 114,057 114,016 114,003 113,995 114,135 114,089 114,286 113,882

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 63.6 63.1 63.0 63.5 63.2 63.2 63.1 63.2 62.9

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 5,806 6,138 6,119 6,195 6,089 6,031 6,111 6,289 6,539

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 4.8 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.1 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.4

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 59,587 60,679 60,886 59,327 60,376 60,432 60,528 60,298 60,601

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 62,141 62,432 62,271 62,154 62,003 62,235 62,269 62,500 62,305

 Participation rate ................................................................. 76.9 76.5 76.2 76.9 76.2 76.4 76.3 76.5 76.2

 Employed .............................................................................. 59,414 59,263 59,288 59,197 58,994 59,342 59,344 59,353 59,064

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 73.5 72.6 72.5 73.3 72.5 72.8 72.7 72.7 72.3

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 2,727 3,168 2,982 2,958 3,009 2,893 2,925 3,147 3,241

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 4.4 5.1 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.6 4.7 5.0 5.2

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 51,652 52,151 52,074 51,731 51,909 51,840 52,039 52,107 52,155

 Participation rate ................................................................. 60.0 60.1 60.0 60.0 60.0 59.9 60.1 60.1 60.1

 Employed .............................................................................. 49,479 50,013 49,829 49,418 49,768 49,645 49,770 49,885 49,770

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 57.4 57.7 57.4 57.4 57.5 57.3 57.4 57.5 57.3

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 2,172 2,137 2,245 2,313 2,141 2,194 2,269 2,223 2,385

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.5 4.1 4.2 4.4 4.3 4.6

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 6,145 5,612 5,791 6,312 6,172 6,091 5,892 5,968 5,961

 Participation rate ................................................................. 48.8 44.9 46.3 50.1 49.4 48.8 47.2 47.7 47.6

 Employed .............................................................................. 5,239 4,780 4,899 5,388 5,232 5,147 4,976 5,049 5,048

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 41.6 38.2 39.2 42.8 41.9 41.2 39.8 40.4 40.3

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 906 832 892 925 940 944 916 919 913

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 14.8 14.8 15.4 14.6 15.2 15.5 15.6 15.4 15.3

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN 2

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 25,514 25,587 25,624 25,514 25,484 25,519 25,552 25,587 25,624

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 16,573 16,417 16,559 16,610 16,374 16,395 16,296 16,521 16,618

 Participation rate ................................................................. 65.0 64.2 64.6 65.1 64.3 64.2 63.8 64.6 64.9

 Employed .............................................................................. 14,925 14,726 14,817 14,928 14,684 14,669 14,641 14,723 14,819

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 58.5 57.6 57.8 58.5 57.6 57.5 57.3 57.5 57.8

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,648 1,691 1,742 1,682 1,690 1,726 1,655 1,797 1,799

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 9.9 10.3 10.5 10.1 10.3 10.5 10.2 10.9 10.8

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 8,941 9,169 9,066 8,903 9,110 9,124 9,256 9,066 9,007

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 7,376 7,279 7,305 7,402 7,233 7,296 7,195 7,295 7,346

 Participation rate ................................................................. 72.6 71.1 71.3 72.8 71.0 71.5 70.4 71.3 71.7

 Employed .............................................................................. 6,764 6,538 6,532 6,755 6,489 6,560 6,526 6,537 6,524

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 66.5 63.9 63.7 66.4 63.7 64.3 63.8 63.9 63.6

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 612 740 773 647 744 736 669 758 821

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 8.3 10.2 10.6 8.7 10.3 10.1 9.3 10.4 11.2

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 8,352 8,432 8,482 8,326 8,327 8,296 8,315 8,443 8,461

 Participation rate ................................................................. 64.6 65.0 65.3 64.4 64.4 64.1 64.1 65.0 65.1

 Employed .............................................................................. 7,555 7,700 7,784 7,555 7,629 7,548 7,592 7,663 7,784

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 58.4 59.3 59.9 58.4 59.0 58.3 58.6 59.0 59.9

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 796 732 698 771 698 748 723 780 677

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 9.5 8.7 8.2 9.3 8.4 9.0 8.7 9.2 8.0

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 845 707 771 882 813 803 786 782 811

 Participation rate ................................................................. 35.0 29.8 32.5 36.5 34.4 33.9 33.2 33.0 34.1

 Employed .............................................................................. 605 488 501 618 566 560 524 523 511

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 25.1 20.6 21.1 25.6 23.9 23.7 22.1 22.1 21.5

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 239 219 270 264 247 242 262 259 300

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 28.4 30.9 35.1 29.9 30.4 30.2 33.4 33.1 37.0

ASIAN 2

Civilian noninstutional population ............................................. 9,780 9,086 9,204 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 6,504 6,029 6,081 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 66.5 66.4 66.1 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 6,122 5,681 5,768 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 62.6 62.5 62.7 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 382 348 313 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 5.9 5.8 5.1 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 3,276 3,057 3,123 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical

numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Beginning in 2003, persons who selected this race group only; persons who selected

more than one race group are not included. Prior to 2003, persons who reported more

than one race were included in the group they identified as the main race.

3 Data not available.

 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1

because data are not presented for all races. Beginning in January 2003, data reflect

revised population controls used in the household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

May 

2002

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

May 

2002

Jan.

2003

Feb.

2003

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 25,827 27,291 27,391 25,827 26,994 27,095 27,191 27,291 27,391

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 17,733 18,794 18,667 17,843 18,614 18,658 18,614 18,836 18,811

 Participation rate ................................................................. 68.7 68.9 68.1 69.1 69.0 68.9 68.5 69.0 68.7

 Employed .............................................................................. 16,605 17,443 17,288 16,581 17,155 17,223 17,215 17,428 17,264

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 64.3 63.9 63.1 64.2 63.5 63.6 63.3 63.9 63.0

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,128 1,351 1,378 1,261 1,459 1,436 1,399 1,408 1,548

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 6.4 7.2 7.4 7.1 7.8 7.7 7.5 7.5 8.2

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 8,094 8,497 8,725 7,984 8,380 8,436 8,577 8,455 8,580

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 9,886 10,786 10,694 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 83.4 85.1 84.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 9,402 10,085 10,007 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 79.3 79.6 78.7 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 483 701 687 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 4.9 6.5 6.4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 6,776 7,092 7,031 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 59.1 58.6 57.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 6,313 6,591 6,493 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 55.1 54.5 53.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 463 500 539 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 6.8 7.1 7.7 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 1,071 917 942 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 42.8 36.3 37.2 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 889 767 788 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 35.5 30.4 31.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 182 150 153 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 17.0 16.4 16.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical

numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available.

 NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. 

Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the household

survey.

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

(Numbers in thousands)

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May 

2002

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

May 

2002

Jan.

2003

Feb.

2003

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 12,995 13,005 12,954 12,752 12,542 12,638 12,896 12,710 12,703

 Participation rate ................................................................... 44.8 45.5 45.6 44.0 43.7 44.9 45.1 44.4 44.7

 Employed ................................................................................ 12,036 11,974 11,914 11,674 11,471 11,522 11,802 11,664 11,536

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 41.5 41.9 41.9 40.3 40.0 40.9 41.3 40.8 40.6

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 959 1,031 1,040 1,077 1,071 1,116 1,094 1,046 1,167

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 7.4 7.9 8.0 8.4 8.5 8.8 8.5 8.2 9.2

High school graduates, no college 1

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 37,532 37,913 37,774 37,566 37,856 37,816 37,632 37,950 37,823

 Participation rate ................................................................... 64.3 64.1 63.8 64.4 63.5 63.7 63.5 64.1 63.9

 Employed ................................................................................ 35,633 35,763 35,836 35,509 35,923 35,779 35,569 35,774 35,729

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 61.1 60.4 60.5 60.9 60.2 60.2 60.0 60.4 60.4

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 1,899 2,150 1,938 2,057 1,933 2,037 2,063 2,176 2,094

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 5.1 5.7 5.1 5.5 5.1 5.4 5.5 5.7 5.5

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 32,927 33,910 33,668 33,404 34,186 34,335 34,008 34,375 34,191

 Participation rate ................................................................... 73.0 73.1 72.5 74.0 73.3 73.2 73.3 74.1 73.6

 Employed ................................................................................ 31,447 32,304 32,107 31,830 32,556 32,730 32,382 32,760 32,542

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 69.7 69.6 69.1 70.5 69.8 69.8 69.8 70.6 70.1

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 1,480 1,606 1,561 1,574 1,630 1,605 1,626 1,615 1,649

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 4.5 4.7 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.7 4.8

Bachelor’s degree and higher 2

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 39,022 39,652 39,801 38,818 38,778 39,046 39,507 39,465 39,576

 Participation rate ................................................................... 78.8 78.5 78.2 78.4 78.8 78.2 78.5 78.1 77.8

 Employed ................................................................................ 37,959 38,511 38,678 37,657 37,626 37,892 38,292 38,233 38,351

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 76.7 76.2 76.0 76.1 76.4 75.9 76.1 75.6 75.4

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 1,063 1,142 1,123 1,161 1,152 1,154 1,215 1,232 1,224

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 2.7 2.9 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1

1 Includes high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. 

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

(In thousands)

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May 

2002

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

May 

2002

Jan.

2003

Feb.

2003

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries ............................................. 2,310 2,129 2,221 2,239 2,314 2,178 2,227 2,128 2,157

 Wage and salary workers ....................................................... 1,282 1,182 1,222 1,254 1,195 1,174 1,271 1,192 1,198

 Self-employed workers ........................................................... 992 933 978 959 1,071 953 923 912 948

 Unpaid family workers ............................................................ 35 15 22 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Nonagricultural industries ......................................................... 134,249 135,295 135,346 134,324 135,142 135,317 135,104 135,682 135,424

 Wage and salary workers ....................................................... 125,291 126,031 126,138 125,352 125,768 126,006 125,886 126,425 126,202

 Government .......................................................................... 20,040 19,760 19,711 19,896 19,868 19,418 19,318 19,556 19,552

 Private industries .................................................................. 105,251 106,271 106,428 105,499 105,907 106,437 106,583 106,838 106,683

 Private households ............................................................. 698 715 732 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

 Other industries .................................................................. 104,553 105,556 105,696 104,764 105,192 105,773 105,910 106,104 105,907

 Self-employed workers ........................................................... 8,865 9,161 9,088 8,844 9,444 9,258 9,181 9,139 9,065

 Unpaid family workers ............................................................ 92 103 119 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 2

All industries:

 Part time for economic reasons .............................................. 3,942 4,609 4,409 4,097 4,643 4,807 4,696 4,840 4,592

 Slack work or business conditions ........................................ 2,560 3,119 2,915 2,685 3,027 3,152 3,123 3,221 3,058

 Could only find part-time work .............................................. 1,073 1,233 1,218 1,110 1,297 1,275 1,192 1,266 1,265

 Part time for noneconomic reasons ........................................ 19,267 19,785 19,363 18,988 19,314 18,421 18,888 18,886 19,083

Nonagricultural industries:

 Part time for economic reasons .............................................. 3,833 4,518 4,298 3,983 4,496 4,675 4,587 4,728 4,478

 Slack work or business conditions ........................................ 2,478 3,055 2,849 2,611 2,947 3,062 3,048 3,140 3,003

 Could only find part-time work .............................................. 1,055 1,224 1,189 1,087 1,267 1,257 1,178 1,258 1,234

 Part time for noneconomic reasons ........................................ 18,955 19,431 19,004 18,636 18,984 18,134 18,529 18,503 18,664

1 Data not available. 2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during

the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. Part

time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually work full time but worked

only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and

bad weather.

 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily

add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. 

Industries reflect the introduction of the 2002 Census industry classification system

derived from the 2002 North American Industry Classification System into the Current

Population Survey. Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls

used in the household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Selected employment indicators

(In thousands)

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May 

2002

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

May 

2002

Jan.

2003

Feb.

2003

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

Total, 16 years and over ........................................................... 136,559 137,424 137,567 136,487 137,536 137,408 137,348 137,687 137,487

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 6,120 5,570 5,722 6,307 6,125 6,042 5,829 5,923 5,907

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 2,116 2,087 2,179 2,260 2,446 2,352 2,292 2,311 2,333

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 4,004 3,484 3,543 4,003 3,694 3,722 3,550 3,616 3,547

 20 years and over ................................................................... 130,438 131,854 131,845 130,180 131,410 131,365 131,519 131,765 131,580

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 13,363 13,302 13,310 13,509 13,568 13,510 13,458 13,420 13,455

 25 years and over ................................................................. 117,075 118,552 118,535 116,684 117,876 117,932 117,984 118,332 118,139

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 97,149 97,483 97,398 96,857 96,957 96,942 97,042 97,341 97,111

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 30,412 30,530 30,459 30,343 30,369 30,563 30,420 30,554 30,392

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 35,526 35,143 34,996 35,377 35,125 34,803 34,910 34,986 34,849

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 31,212 31,810 31,943 31,137 31,463 31,577 31,712 31,800 31,871

 55 years and over ............................................................... 19,926 21,068 21,137 19,827 20,918 20,990 20,942 20,992 21,028

Men, 16 years and over ............................................................ 73,230 72,905 73,131 73,093 72,994 73,249 73,064 73,182 72,981

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 3,126 2,646 2,793 3,174 3,027 2,956 2,772 2,818 2,837

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 1,091 952 1,029 1,137 1,203 1,157 1,056 1,052 1,073

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 2,035 1,694 1,764 2,028 1,838 1,820 1,718 1,770 1,760

 20 years and over ................................................................... 70,104 70,259 70,338 69,918 69,967 70,293 70,293 70,364 70,144

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 7,015 7,022 7,019 7,071 7,183 7,215 7,206 7,116 7,076

 25 years and over ................................................................. 63,089 63,237 63,318 62,852 62,814 63,151 63,050 63,266 63,077

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 52,201 51,994 52,072 52,038 51,687 51,925 51,885 52,057 51,911

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 16,655 16,722 16,711 16,604 16,528 16,730 16,669 16,750 16,660

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 19,126 18,763 18,733 19,079 18,824 18,729 18,719 18,735 18,685

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 16,420 16,510 16,628 16,355 16,334 16,466 16,498 16,572 16,566

 55 years and over ............................................................... 10,888 11,242 11,246 10,814 11,127 11,227 11,165 11,209 11,166

Women, 16 years and over ...................................................... 63,328 64,519 64,436 63,394 64,542 64,159 64,284 64,505 64,506

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 2,994 2,924 2,929 3,132 3,098 3,086 3,057 3,104 3,070

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 1,025 1,135 1,150 1,123 1,243 1,195 1,236 1,259 1,259

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 1,969 1,789 1,779 1,975 1,856 1,902 1,833 1,845 1,787

 20 years and over ................................................................... 60,334 61,595 61,507 60,262 61,443 61,073 61,227 61,401 61,436

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 6,349 6,280 6,291 6,438 6,385 6,295 6,252 6,304 6,378

 25 years and over ................................................................. 53,986 55,315 55,217 53,833 55,062 54,781 54,934 55,066 55,062

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 44,948 45,489 45,326 44,819 45,270 45,018 45,157 45,283 45,200

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 13,757 13,808 13,748 13,739 13,841 13,834 13,752 13,804 13,731

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 16,400 16,381 16,263 16,298 16,301 16,073 16,191 16,251 16,164

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 14,791 15,300 15,315 14,782 15,129 15,111 15,214 15,228 15,305

 55 years and over ............................................................... 9,038 9,826 9,891 9,013 9,792 9,763 9,777 9,783 9,862

Married men, spouse present ................................................... 44,288 44,486 44,545 44,306 44,401 44,587 44,415 44,552 44,542

Married women, spouse present .............................................. 34,075 34,817 34,496 34,015 34,525 34,620 34,569 34,685 34,443

Women who maintain families .................................................. 8,449 8,590 8,581 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Full-time workers 2 ................................................................... 112,539 112,470 112,983 112,398 112,823 113,442 113,157 113,241 112,821

Part-time workers 3 ................................................................... 24,020 24,955 24,584 24,107 24,400 23,830 24,068 24,355 24,676

1 Data not available. 2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per

week. 3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per

week.

 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily

add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. 

Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the household

survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates 1

May 

2002

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

May 

2002

Jan.

2003

Feb.

2003

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

Total, 16 years and over ........................................................... 8,424 8,786 8,998 5.8 5.7 5.8 5.8 6.0 6.1

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 1,287 1,303 1,339 17.0 16.8 17.1 17.7 18.0 18.5

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 578 530 530 20.4 18.3 17.9 16.7 18.7 18.5

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 720 785 834 15.3 15.9 15.9 17.7 17.8 19.0

 20 years and over ................................................................... 7,137 7,483 7,659 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.4 5.5

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 1,356 1,501 1,580 9.1 9.3 9.3 8.9 10.1 10.5

 25 years and over ................................................................. 5,832 6,057 6,116 4.8 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.9 4.9

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 4,998 5,045 5,130 4.9 4.7 4.9 5.0 4.9 5.0

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 1,886 1,887 1,937 5.9 5.9 5.6 5.7 5.8 6.0

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 1,729 1,753 1,833 4.7 4.5 5.2 4.8 4.8 5.0

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 1,383 1,404 1,360 4.3 3.8 3.9 4.4 4.2 4.1

 55 years and over ............................................................... 845 919 995 4.1 4.1 3.8 3.8 4.2 4.5

Men, 16 years and over ............................................................ 4,583 4,940 5,107 5.9 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.3 6.5

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 735 733 745 18.8 18.2 19.5 20.8 20.6 20.8

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 342 286 295 23.1 19.3 19.1 18.0 21.4 21.5

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 397 446 465 16.4 17.6 19.3 21.5 20.1 20.9

 20 years and over ................................................................... 3,848 4,207 4,362 5.2 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.6 5.9

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 753 853 915 9.6 9.7 9.2 8.7 10.7 11.4

 25 years and over ................................................................. 3,144 3,370 3,485 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.9 5.1 5.2

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 2,642 2,828 2,921 4.8 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.2 5.3

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 995 1,033 1,069 5.7 6.2 5.5 5.6 5.8 6.0

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 879 1,008 1,037 4.4 4.7 5.1 4.8 5.1 5.3

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 768 786 815 4.5 4.2 4.5 4.7 4.5 4.7

 55 years and over ............................................................... 501 542 564 4.4 4.4 4.2 4.3 4.6 4.8

Women, 16 years and over ...................................................... 3,841 3,846 3,891 5.7 5.3 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.7

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 552 570 594 15.0 15.5 14.8 14.6 15.5 16.2

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 236 244 235 17.4 17.3 16.8 15.5 16.2 15.8

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 323 339 369 14.1 14.1 12.3 13.7 15.5 17.1

 20 years and over ................................................................... 3,289 3,276 3,297 5.2 4.7 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.1

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 603 648 665 8.6 8.8 9.5 9.1 9.3 9.4

 25 years and over ................................................................. 2,689 2,687 2,631 4.8 4.2 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.6

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 2,356 2,217 2,209 5.0 4.4 4.8 4.9 4.7 4.7

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 891 854 867 6.1 5.7 5.7 5.9 5.8 5.9

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 850 745 797 5.0 4.3 5.3 4.7 4.4 4.7

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 615 619 545 4.0 3.4 3.3 4.1 3.9 3.4

 55 years and over 2 ............................................................ 293 344 368 3.1 4.1 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.6

Married men, spouse present ................................................... 1,653 1,730 1,796 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.7 3.9

Married women, spouse present .............................................. 1,374 1,304 1,327 3.9 3.3 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.7

Women who maintain families 2 ............................................... 743 795 775 8.1 8.0 9.0 8.4 8.5 8.3

Full-time workers 3 ................................................................... 7,023 7,419 7,523 5.9 5.8 5.9 5.9 6.1 6.3

Part-time workers 4 ................................................................... 1,389 1,378 1,465 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.6

1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. 2 Not seasonally adjusted. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full

time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work

part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

 NOTE: Detail shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the

independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2003, data

reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May 

2002

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

May 

2002

Jan.

2003

Feb.

2003

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .......... 4,180 4,716 4,589 4,634 4,583 4,756 4,613 4,765 5,074

 On temporary layoff ................................................................ 853 1,076 944 1,114 1,080 1,142 1,157 1,101 1,226

 Not on temporary layoff .......................................................... 3,327 3,640 3,645 3,520 3,503 3,614 3,456 3,664 3,848

 Permanent job losers ............................................................ 2,691 2,786 2,829 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

 Persons who completed temporary jobs .............................. 636 854 816 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Job leavers ............................................................................... 813 786 706 892 825 772 794 829 772

Reentrants ................................................................................ 2,485 2,421 2,587 2,400 2,331 2,395 2,391 2,558 2,499

New entrants ............................................................................ 491 578 618 503 616 579 626 642 634

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ..................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ......... 52.5 55.5 54.0 55.0 54.9 55.9 54.8 54.2 56.5

 On temporary layoff ............................................................... 10.7 12.7 11.1 13.2 12.9 13.4 13.7 12.5 13.7

 Not on temporary layoff ......................................................... 41.7 42.8 42.9 41.8 41.9 42.5 41.0 41.7 42.9

 Job leavers .............................................................................. 10.2 9.2 8.3 10.6 9.9 9.1 9.4 9.4 8.6

 Reentrants ............................................................................... 31.2 28.5 30.4 28.5 27.9 28.2 28.4 29.1 27.8

 New entrants ........................................................................... 6.2 6.8 7.3 6.0 7.4 6.8 7.4 7.3 7.1

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ......... 2.9 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.5

 Job leavers .............................................................................. .6 .5 .5 .6 .6 .5 .5 .6 .5

 Reentrants ............................................................................... 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7

 New entrants ........................................................................... .3 .4 .4 .3 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4

1 Data not available.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May 

2002

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

May 

2002

Jan.

2003

Feb.

2003

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks .................................................................... 2,826 2,443 2,974 2,900 2,772 2,749 2,780 2,814 3,056

5 to 14 weeks ........................................................................... 2,123 2,408 2,155 2,566 2,577 2,565 2,473 2,630 2,605

15 weeks and over ................................................................... 3,020 3,650 3,371 2,911 3,140 3,155 3,104 3,294 3,250

 15 to 26 weeks ...................................................................... 1,463 1,644 1,467 1,328 1,457 1,281 1,316 1,392 1,321

 27 weeks and over ................................................................ 1,557 2,005 1,905 1,583 1,683 1,874 1,788 1,903 1,930

Average (mean) duration, in weeks .......................................... 17.1 20.6 19.6 16.8 18.4 18.6 18.0 19.6 19.2

Median duration, in weeks ........................................................ 9.4 12.0 10.0 9.6 9.8 9.4 9.6 10.2 10.1

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ..................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

 Less than 5 weeks .................................................................. 35.5 28.7 35.0 34.6 32.6 32.5 33.3 32.2 34.3

 5 to 14 weeks ......................................................................... 26.6 28.3 25.4 30.6 30.4 30.3 29.6 30.1 29.2

 15 weeks and over ................................................................. 37.9 42.9 39.7 34.7 37.0 37.3 37.1 37.7 36.5

 15 to 26 weeks ..................................................................... 18.4 19.3 17.3 15.8 17.2 15.1 15.7 15.9 14.8

 27 weeks and over ............................................................... 19.5 23.6 22.4 18.9 19.8 22.1 21.4 21.8 21.7

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

May 

2002

May 

2003

May 

2002

May 

2003

May 

2002

May 

2003

 Total, 16 years and over 1 .......................................................................... 136,559 137,567 7,969 8,500 5.5 5.8

Management, professional, and related occupations ............................... 47,136 48,041 1,523 1,475 3.1 3.0

 Management, business, and financial operations occupations ............ 19,814 20,067 655 612 3.2 3.0

 Professional and related occupations ........................................................ 27,322 27,974 868 864 3.1 3.0

Service occupations .......................................................................................... 21,948 22,678 1,486 1,583 6.3 6.5

Sales and office occupations .......................................................................... 35,370 35,115 2,063 2,106 5.5 5.7

 Sales and related occupations ..................................................................... 15,917 15,721 976 1,009 5.8 6.0

 Office and administrative support occupations ........................................ 19,453 19,394 1,087 1,096 5.3 5.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations ........... 13,326 13,862 963 1,122 6.7 7.5

 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................................... 1,082 968 93 140 7.9 12.6

 Construction and extraction occupations ................................................... 7,763 7,967 639 722 7.6 8.3

 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .................................. 4,481 4,928 231 260 4.9 5.0

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations ................ 18,779 17,871 1,432 1,575 7.1 8.1

 Production occupations .................................................................................. 10,142 9,644 813 811 7.4 7.8

 Transportation and material moving occupations .................................... 8,637 8,228 619 764 6.7 8.5

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed

Forces are included in the unemployed total.

 NOTE: Occupations reflect the introduction of the 2002 Census occupational classification

system derived from the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification system into the Current

Population Survey. Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used

in the household survey.

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry, not seasonally adjusted

Industry

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

May

2002

May

2003

May

2002

May

2003

 Total, 16 years and over 1 ....................................................................... 7,969 8,500 5.5 5.8

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers ...................................... 6,642 7,000 5.9 6.2

 Mining ................................................................................................................. 25 40 4.9 7.5

 Construction ...................................................................................................... 626 715 7.4 8.4

 Manufacturing ................................................................................................... 1,194 1,150 6.6 6.5

 Durable goods ................................................................................................ 731 755 6.4 6.9

 Nondurable goods ......................................................................................... 463 395 6.8 5.9

 Wholesale and retail trade ............................................................................ 1,138 1,247 5.8 6.2

 Transportation and utilities ............................................................................ 257 260 4.5 4.9

 Information ........................................................................................................ 260 251 7.2 6.9

 Financial activities ........................................................................................... 340 320 3.8 3.6

 Professional and business services ............................................................ 983 1,105 7.7 8.4

 Education and health services ..................................................................... 533 618 3.2 3.5

 Leisure and hospitality ................................................................................... 1,022 955 8.6 7.9

 Other services .................................................................................................. 264 339 4.6 5.7

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers ........................ 89 133 6.8 10.2

Government workers ......................................................................................... 484 478 2.3 2.4

Self employed and unpaid family workers ................................................... 264 271 2.6 2.6

1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total.

 NOTE: Industries reflect the introduction of the 2002 Census industry classification system

derived from the 2002 North American Industry Classification System into the Current

Population Survey. Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used

in the household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

(Percent)

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May 

2002

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

May 

2002

Jan.

2003

Feb.

2003

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003

May 

2003

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force .............. 2.1 2.5 2.3 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor

force ...................................................................................................................................... 2.9 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.5

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate) ...................................................................................................................................... 5.5 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.7 5.8 5.8 6.0 6.1

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

discouraged workers ............................................................................................................ 5.8 6.1 6.1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other marginally

 attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally

 attached workers ................................................................................................................. 6.5 6.7 6.7 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus total employed

 part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

 all marginally attached workers ........................................................................................... 9.2 9.8 9.7 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

1 Data not available.

 NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor

looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for

work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached,

have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for a job. Persons employed

part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but

have had to settle for a part-time schedule. For further information, see "BLS introduces new

range of alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly

Labor Review. Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.

Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Category

Total Men Women

May 

2002

May 

2003

May 

2002

May 

2003

May 

2002

May 

2003

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force ............................................................................ 72,671 74,701 26,908 28,367 45,763 46,334

 Persons who currently want a job ............................................................... 5,533 5,482 2,543 2,570 2,989 2,911

Searched for work and available to work now 1 ..................................... 1,467 1,428 792 755 675 673

 Reason not currently looking:

 Discouragement over job prospects 2 ......................................... 414 482 249 310 165 172

 Reasons other than discouragement 3 ........................................ 1,054 946 543 446 511 501

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders 4 ............................................................................ 7,247 7,338 3,736 3,841 3,511 3,498

 Percent of total employed ......................................................................... 5.3 5.3 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.4

 Primary job full time, secondary job part time ........................................... 3,882 3,932 2,197 2,325 1,686 1,606

 Primary and secondary jobs both part time .............................................. 1,573 1,630 510 533 1,063 1,097

 Primary and secondary jobs both full time ................................................ 297 269 202 192 94 77

 Hours vary on primary or secondary job ................................................... 1,441 1,464 804 772 637 692

1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and

were available to take a job during the reference week. 2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training,

employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such

reasons as child-care and transportation problems, as well as a small number for which

reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their

secondary job(s), not shown separately.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2002

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003p

May

2003p

May

2002

Jan.

2003

Feb.

2003

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003p

May

2003p

Change

from:

Apr. 2003-

May 2003

Total nonfarm ............................. 131,041 129,270 129,951 130,680 130,411 130,356 130,235 130,084 130,084 130,067 -17

Total private ........................................ 109,107 107,329 108,014 108,752 108,907 108,780 108,647 108,537 108,539 108,547 8

Goods-producing ............................................ 22,699 21,733 21,887 22,122 22,667 22,288 22,191 22,159 22,104 22,075 -29

Natural resources and mining .................................. 581 551 550 559 584 568 569 565 563 561 -2

Logging ............................................................ 67.2 60.1 57.3 60.5 70.5 67.1 66.6 64.6 63.6 63.4 -.2

Mining .................................................................... 513.8 490.7 493.1 498.7 513.8 500.5 502.1 500.4 499.0 498.0 -1.0

Oil and gas extraction ........................................ 122.2 121.9 123.0 122.6 122.9 122.1 121.8 122.9 124.0 122.9 -1.1

Mining, except oil and gas1................................. 214.7 201.7 205.3 209.4 212.9 206.9 206.3 206.9 207.1 207.3 .2

Coal mining ...................................................... 74.9 72.3 72.3 71.7 75.3 72.2 72.3 72.3 72.7 72.0 -.7

Support activities for mining .............................. 176.9 167.1 164.8 166.7 178.0 171.5 174.0 170.6 167.9 167.8 -.1

Construction ............................................................. 6,758 6,372 6,603 6,836 6,716 6,738 6,700 6,720 6,757 6,783 26

Construction of buildings ................................... 1,575.8 1,540.0 1,578.6 1,620.0 1,580.4 1,597.7 1,594.4 1,605.6 1,618.4 1,622.0 3.6

Heavy and civil engineering construction ......... 957.0 809.7 868.1 930.7 928.4 916.8 912.5 895.0 897.5 901.3 3.8

Specialty trade contractors ................................ 4,224.8 4,021.8 4,155.9 4,285.7 4,206.7 4,223.8 4,193.2 4,219.5 4,241.4 4,259.3 17.9

Manufacturing ........................................................... 15,360 14,810 14,734 14,727 15,367 14,982 14,922 14,874 14,784 14,731 -53

Production workers ....................................... 10,843 10,404 10,335 10,331 10,836 10,564 10,516 10,447 10,372 10,331 -41

Durable goods ....................................................... 9,573 9,176 9,128 9,112 9,567 9,282 9,236 9,203 9,140 9,103 -37

Production workers ....................................... 6,597 6,301 6,257 6,252 6,582 6,392 6,355 6,314 6,263 6,239 -24

Wood products ................................................... 559.0 534.8 540.9 543.5 557.9 549.2 548.5 544.4 544.8 542.8 -2.0

Nonmetallic mineral products ............................ 521.6 495.4 499.8 508.6 518.8 507.9 505.9 506.7 504.4 505.6 1.2

Primary metals .................................................... 512.1 493.9 491.9 486.8 513.1 500.1 496.5 494.7 492.1 487.9 -4.2

Fabricated metal products ................................. 1,552.6 1,490.3 1,485.2 1,479.7 1,556.7 1,508.0 1,497.5 1,495.3 1,488.8 1,482.9 -5.9

Machinery ........................................................... 1,247.1 1,196.7 1,187.6 1,182.1 1,242.8 1,206.5 1,201.6 1,194.8 1,186.6 1,178.4 -8.2

1 Computer and electronic products .................... 1,536.5 1,432.3 1,421.2 1,403.8 1,537.5 1,448.5 1,438.2 1,432.1 1,418.6 1,402.6 -16.0

Computer and peripheral equipment ............. 252.6 230.5 228.1 222.6 253.3 234.4 230.9 229.8 228.6 223.2 -5.4

Communications equipment ........................... 195.3 176.6 175.5 171.0 194.1 177.6 177.8 176.5 174.1 169.6 -4.5

Semiconductors and electronic components . 540.1 494.4 492.2 488.3 539.7 498.8 496.0 494.1 492.0 487.4 -4.6

Electronic instruments ..................................... 452.8 436.4 432.6 429.3 453.3 441.4 438.7 436.5 432.9 429.9 -3.0

Electrical equipment and appliances ................ 501.9 477.5 473.4 470.5 501.7 482.4 479.8 477.5 473.8 470.6 -3.2

Transportation equipment .................................. 1,839.1 1,791.4 1,770.4 1,784.2 1,836.4 1,806.5 1,800.7 1,792.5 1,771.8 1,780.5 8.7

Furniture and related products .......................... 610.0 582.5 576.1 575.0 609.1 587.0 582.9 582.0 576.5 573.7 -2.8

Miscellaneous manufacturing ............................ 693.0 681.6 681.4 678.0 693.0 686.0 684.5 683.0 682.5 678.4 -4.1

Nondurable goods ................................................. 5,787 5,634 5,606 5,615 5,800 5,700 5,686 5,671 5,644 5,628 -16

Production workers ....................................... 4,246 4,103 4,078 4,079 4,254 4,172 4,161 4,133 4,109 4,092 -17

Food manufacturing ........................................... 1,506.6 1,491.6 1,486.1 1,493.9 1,523.7 1,517.1 1,514.7 1,513.3 1,511.1 1,509.7 -1.4

Beverages and tobacco products ...................... 206.6 191.5 190.9 193.9 207.4 199.0 198.2 196.1 194.8 195.2 .4

Textile mills ......................................................... 295.9 281.7 278.3 274.1 294.1 285.2 283.7 281.6 277.5 273.1 -4.4

Textile product mills ........................................... 197.5 191.4 190.5 189.4 197.0 191.7 192.6 192.6 190.6 189.0 -1.6

Apparel ................................................................ 363.0 320.4 315.1 316.6 361.2 331.8 325.9 322.1 317.8 315.1 -2.7

Leather and allied products ............................... 51.6 45.7 45.3 45.4 50.6 46.7 46.0 45.8 45.1 44.5 -.6

Paper and paper products ................................. 549.5 532.5 529.8 527.8 550.9 539.7 538.5 535.1 532.2 529.4 -2.8

Printing and related support activities ............... 711.5 695.4 692.9 696.8 713.1 694.5 694.0 696.4 695.9 697.4 1.5

Petroleum and coal products ............................. 119.5 117.7 118.7 120.3 118.7 120.4 120.4 120.3 119.5 119.4 -.1

Chemicals ........................................................... 930.1 922.8 920.0 919.0 930.1 926.0 924.2 922.5 920.7 919.2 -1.5

Plastics and rubber products ............................. 855.6 843.4 838.7 837.8 852.9 848.0 847.4 845.1 839.1 835.8 -3.3

Service-providing ............................................ 108,342 107,537 108,064 108,558 107,744 108,068 108,044 107,925 107,980 107,992 12

Private service-providing ............................ 86,408 85,596 86,127 86,630 86,240 86,492 86,456 86,378 86,435 86,472 37

Trade, transportation, and utilities ........................... 25,442 24,984 25,079 25,213 25,536 25,376 25,346 25,338 25,332 25,307 -25

Wholesale trade .................................................... 5,653.2 5,562.8 5,573.5 5,588.4 5,650.7 5,596.0 5,596.2 5,594.0 5,591.2 5,585.1 -6.1

Durable goods .................................................... 3,013.3 2,946.7 2,947.8 2,952.7 3,013.6 2,967.9 2,967.0 2,961.2 2,957.2 2,953.3 -3.9

Nondurable goods .............................................. 2,020.1 1,998.0 2,006.8 2,016.8 2,016.7 2,011.5 2,010.7 2,013.6 2,013.2 2,012.4 -.8

Electronic markets and agents and brokers ..... 619.8 618.1 618.9 618.9 620.4 616.6 618.5 619.2 620.8 619.4 -1.4

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail-Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2002

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003p

May

2003p

May

2002

Jan.

2003

Feb.

2003

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003p

May

2003p

Change

from:

Apr. 2003-

May 2003

Retail trade ............................................................ 14,968.1 14,720.1 14,800.8 14,892.9 15,069.0 15,009.2 14,987.3 14,994.7 15,008.0 14,994.1 -13.9

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1........................ 1,883.0 1,860.5 1,868.9 1,881.2 1,881.4 1,876.8 1,874.9 1,875.5 1,875.8 1,880.0 4.2

Automobile dealers ......................................... 1,250.8 1,238.7 1,239.2 1,243.7 1,251.7 1,245.5 1,242.1 1,241.5 1,242.2 1,244.6 2.4

Furniture and home furnishings stores ............. 530.7 544.1 541.2 538.2 536.1 549.9 552.0 547.6 547.9 545.0 -2.9

Electronics and appliance stores ....................... 517.7 522.1 518.7 515.8 526.7 531.6 526.9 524.8 525.5 525.2 -.3

Building material and garden supply stores ...... 1,232.4 1,151.6 1,207.2 1,240.2 1,181.3 1,190.6 1,183.6 1,181.8 1,186.9 1,187.5 .6

Food and beverage stores ................................. 2,863.6 2,786.3 2,793.7 2,812.5 2,878.1 2,827.0 2,820.2 2,822.9 2,823.7 2,823.5 -.2

Health and personal care stores ....................... 938.5 955.7 957.8 962.5 943.0 956.8 960.1 962.6 966.1 966.9 .8

Gasoline stations ................................................ 902.0 896.1 903.1 908.1 902.7 905.2 905.0 907.1 911.2 908.6 -2.6

Clothing and clothing accessories stores ......... 1,280.2 1,245.9 1,254.6 1,257.4 1,308.3 1,291.2 1,279.7 1,282.8 1,287.9 1,285.0 -2.9

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

 stores................................................................ 647.6 631.4 627.9 631.1 667.9 653.5 652.6 650.8 650.4 650.2 -.2

1 General merchandise stores ............................. 2,772.5 2,761.5 2,760.6 2,770.1 2,834.6 2,834.2 2,838.8 2,846.4 2,840.3 2,835.8 -4.5

Department stores ............................................. 1,670.3 1,658.0 1,640.8 1,642.3 1,714.2 1,720.9 1,718.6 1,710.6 1,698.1 1,693.6 -4.5

Miscellaneous store retailers ............................ 964.3 928.1 933.9 947.4 960.6 952.4 949.1 949.8 949.7 945.9 -3.8

Nonstore retailers .............................................. 435.6 436.8 433.2 428.4 448.3 440.0 444.4 442.6 442.6 440.5 -2.1

Transportation and warehousing .......................... 4,220.0 4,107.8 4,111.7 4,137.6 4,215.2 4,174.6 4,166.7 4,153.8 4,137.9 4,134.2 -3.7

Air transportation ................................................ 557.9 531.8 520.4 517.3 562.4 551.3 545.8 537.3 527.3 522.0 -5.3

Rail transportation .............................................. 218.9 214.2 216.3 217.2 217.5 215.7 215.3 215.3 216.2 215.7 -.5

Water transportation ........................................... 53.0 48.9 49.1 50.2 52.4 50.6 50.5 50.1 49.8 49.6 -.2

Truck transportation ........................................... 1,341.0 1,303.1 1,307.6 1,322.8 1,342.7 1,327.6 1,324.3 1,328.1 1,323.7 1,323.3 -.4

Transit and ground passenger transportation ... 393.3 361.5 367.4 367.1 375.0 358.0 357.5 351.9 351.9 349.3 -2.6

Pipeline transportation ....................................... 41.4 39.9 40.1 40.0 41.9 40.0 39.8 40.2 40.3 40.4 .1

Scenic and sightseeing transportation .............. 26.1 22.5 25.0 28.9 25.8 24.0 25.6 27.1 27.9 28.3 .4

Support activities for transportation ................... 523.7 520.1 521.0 527.6 524.9 527.7 527.9 525.9 523.3 529.5 6.2

Couriers and messengers .................................. 556.5 556.1 555.6 556.6 561.8 561.4 558.9 563.3 562.8 562.6 -.2

Warehousing and storage .................................. 508.2 509.7 509.2 509.9 510.8 518.3 521.1 514.6 514.7 513.5 -1.2

Utilities ................................................................... 600.5 592.8 592.6 594.1 600.7 596.4 595.9 595.3 594.8 594.0 -.8

Information ................................................................ 3,429 3,296 3,296 3,297 3,434 3,328 3,308 3,305 3,307 3,301 -6

Publishing industries, except Internet ............... 965.4 952.1 948.1 943.5 968.4 954.0 955.3 953.5 951.1 947.4 -3.7

Motion picture and sound recording industries . 388.8 364.7 364.8 375.4 389.5 377.8 367.0 369.3 371.3 374.6 3.3

Broadcasting, except Internet ............................ 333.4 325.2 324.4 323.1 334.3 327.2 325.0 325.7 325.0 324.0 -1.0

Internet publishing and broadcasting ................ 34.9 33.5 33.7 33.2 34.8 33.0 33.3 33.6 33.6 33.0 -.6

Telecommunications .......................................... 1,209.7 1,143.3 1,143.6 1,143.1 1,211.5 1,158.7 1,151.4 1,146.9 1,146.9 1,144.8 -2.1

ISPs, search portals, and data processing ....... 449.5 430.8 435.4 433.4 448.4 430.3 429.5 430.4 432.6 431.6 -1.0

Other information services ................................. 47.0 46.1 46.3 45.7 46.8 46.5 46.3 46.0 46.2 45.5 -.7

Financial activities .................................................... 7,822 7,897 7,926 7,961 7,825 7,902 7,916 7,930 7,953 7,965 12

Finance and insurance .......................................... 5,790.0 5,888.1 5,897.5 5,915.5 5,798.1 5,872.4 5,885.2 5,894.8 5,912.5 5,924.5 12.0

Monetary authorities - central bank ................... 23.2 22.2 22.1 22.1 23.3 22.7 22.3 22.3 22.2 22.2 .0

1 Credit intermediation and related activities ....... 2,660.0 2,746.7 2,759.2 2,783.4 2,663.8 2,734.9 2,741.9 2,752.3 2,769.3 2,788.6 19.3

1 Depository credit intermediation ..................... 1,733.0 1,758.0 1,760.6 1,768.9 1,735.0 1,755.1 1,757.1 1,762.3 1,765.7 1,770.5 4.8

Commercial banking .................................... 1,281.1 1,296.6 1,298.1 1,303.7 1,282.9 1,296.1 1,297.5 1,300.4 1,301.8 1,305.2 3.4

Securities, commodity contracts, investments .. 801.4 797.4 792.5 788.2 804.0 802.3 803.1 799.3 794.8 790.4 -4.4

Insurance carriers and related activities ........... 2,219.5 2,237.8 2,240.5 2,238.7 2,220.9 2,228.5 2,233.9 2,236.8 2,242.6 2,240.0 -2.6

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles ........ 85.9 84.0 83.2 83.1 86.1 84.0 84.0 84.1 83.6 83.3 -.3

Real estate and rental and leasing ....................... 2,031.7 2,008.6 2,028.0 2,045.8 2,027.3 2,029.2 2,030.6 2,034.7 2,040.5 2,040.6 .1

Real estate .......................................................... 1,343.2 1,344.3 1,355.7 1,362.4 1,343.7 1,353.8 1,356.9 1,359.9 1,363.7 1,362.7 -1.0

Rental and leasing services ............................... 660.2 637.3 644.2 654.0 655.3 648.7 646.7 647.0 648.4 648.9 .5

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets ......... 28.3 27.0 28.1 29.4 28.3 26.7 27.0 27.8 28.4 29.0 .6

Professional and business services ........................ 16,028 15,810 15,942 16,017 16,035 16,015 16,043 15,980 15,981 16,029 48

1 Professional and technical services ..................... 6,670.6 6,824.0 6,807.2 6,663.1 6,708.0 6,745.3 6,790.5 6,758.4 6,744.7 6,716.9 -27.8

Legal services .................................................. 1,104.8 1,119.7 1,119.6 1,121.9 1,109.9 1,119.8 1,124.1 1,125.7 1,128.3 1,127.3 -1.0

Accounting and bookkeeping services ........... 844.6 1,030.8 999.2 838.0 875.3 910.6 941.2 913.5 900.8 870.9 -29.9

Architectural and engineering services .......... 1,253.0 1,228.1 1,233.6 1,244.2 1,251.2 1,238.6 1,247.9 1,246.0 1,244.3 1,243.2 -1.1

Computer systems design and related

 services.......................................................... 1,158.9 1,144.9 1,147.3 1,143.4 1,161.9 1,142.8 1,144.3 1,144.5 1,148.6 1,146.4 -2.2

Management and technical consulting

 services.......................................................... 727.2 730.8 728.2 732.1 729.9 734.8 736.2 735.5 733.0 734.7 1.7

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail-Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2002

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003p

May

2003p

May

2002

Jan.

2003

Feb.

2003

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003p

May

2003p

Change

from:

Apr. 2003-

May 2003

Professional and business services-Continued

Management of companies and enterprises ....... 1,705.7 1,686.2 1,690.0 1,692.3 1,710.3 1,696.8 1,697.1 1,697.9 1,698.6 1,696.3 -2.3

Administrative and waste services ....................... 7,651.7 7,299.5 7,444.3 7,661.2 7,617.1 7,572.9 7,555.7 7,523.3 7,537.3 7,615.7 78.4

1 Administrative and support services ................. 7,335.3 6,990.6 7,126.1 7,340.6 7,300.8 7,255.5 7,239.9 7,207.8 7,216.9 7,295.6 78.7

1 Employment services ...................................... 3,249.7 3,122.3 3,144.1 3,268.9 3,273.2 3,292.7 3,287.8 3,245.9 3,235.0 3,288.8 53.8

Temporary help services ............................. 2,196.3 2,043.7 2,061.3 2,164.2 2,214.4 2,170.2 2,151.6 2,135.9 2,122.5 2,180.2 57.7

Business support services .............................. 756.7 751.1 749.8 744.4 759.1 746.0 743.8 746.5 747.8 746.8 -1.0

Services to buildings and dwellings ............... 1,659.6 1,485.8 1,590.4 1,666.4 1,596.3 1,585.8 1,580.4 1,576.4 1,589.2 1,598.4 9.2

Waste management and remediation services 316.4 308.9 318.2 320.6 316.3 317.4 315.8 315.5 320.4 320.1 -.3

Education and health services ................................ 16,180 16,585 16,641 16,574 16,130 16,405 16,430 16,452 16,498 16,516 18

Educational services ............................................. 2,682.1 2,842.1 2,864.9 2,776.1 2,641.4 2,700.0 2,707.4 2,711.5 2,726.4 2,735.4 9.0

Health care and social assistance ........................13,498.3 13,743.1 13,776.1 13,797.4 13,488.6 13,704.5 13,722.6 13,740.5 13,771.5 13,780.1 8.6

1 Ambulatory health care services ....................... 4,612.0 4,731.7 4,747.1 4,765.2 4,612.2 4,718.5 4,727.6 4,739.1 4,752.3 4,763.9 11.6

Offices of physicians ....................................... 1,964.6 2,034.4 2,036.2 2,039.0 1,967.9 2,023.4 2,031.5 2,037.4 2,040.5 2,042.6 2.1

Outpatient care centers ................................... 409.6 412.7 413.3 413.9 409.1 412.0 411.8 412.1 412.8 413.4 .6

Home health care services ............................. 673.0 696.6 703.8 709.4 672.8 694.2 693.0 698.6 703.7 707.5 3.8

Hospitals ............................................................. 4,131.5 4,208.7 4,205.0 4,208.8 4,141.6 4,197.8 4,204.7 4,210.9 4,213.1 4,217.0 3.9

1 Nursing and residential care facilities ............... 2,731.5 2,771.3 2,779.2 2,782.6 2,737.0 2,770.1 2,770.8 2,776.4 2,784.3 2,787.5 3.2

Nursing care facilities ...................................... 1,569.2 1,580.5 1,583.0 1,586.9 1,571.9 1,582.0 1,582.5 1,582.7 1,586.0 1,588.7 2.7

1 Social assistance ................................................ 2,023.3 2,031.4 2,044.8 2,040.8 1,997.8 2,018.1 2,019.5 2,014.1 2,021.8 2,011.7 -10.1

Child day care services ................................... 753.0 739.2 745.3 742.8 730.3 727.1 729.0 724.5 723.9 717.7 -6.2

Leisure and hospitality ............................................. 12,139 11,716 11,928 12,239 11,922 12,132 12,084 12,050 12,043 12,034 -9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation ...................... 1,843.3 1,651.0 1,713.4 1,826.1 1,758.3 1,835.6 1,809.5 1,781.8 1,763.2 1,757.4 -5.8

Performing arts and spectator sports ................ 368.3 340.4 359.0 364.9 351.9 358.7 358.4 359.0 356.9 352.2 -4.7

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks ...... 115.1 104.5 106.4 111.2 112.9 111.6 111.2 109.9 108.6 109.0 .4

Amusements, gambling, and recreation ........... 1,359.9 1,206.1 1,248.0 1,350.0 1,293.5 1,365.3 1,339.9 1,312.9 1,297.7 1,296.2 -1.5

Accommodations and food services .................... 10,295.4 10,065.3 10,214.6 10,412.9 10,163.7 10,296.1 10,274.8 10,267.7 10,279.4 10,276.6 -2.8

Accommodations ................................................ 1,795.1 1,727.6 1,728.3 1,780.3 1,773.9 1,812.0 1,801.7 1,788.4 1,769.8 1,762.9 -6.9

Food services and drinking places .................... 8,500.3 8,337.7 8,486.3 8,632.6 8,389.8 8,484.1 8,473.1 8,479.3 8,509.6 8,513.7 4.1

Other services .......................................................... 5,368 5,308 5,315 5,329 5,358 5,334 5,329 5,323 5,321 5,320 -1

Repair and maintenance .................................... 1,244.8 1,213.7 1,217.3 1,212.6 1,243.4 1,218.6 1,215.3 1,213.8 1,213.5 1,210.8 -2.7

Personal and laundry services .......................... 1,261.8 1,220.3 1,227.8 1,235.4 1,252.4 1,235.6 1,234.8 1,229.5 1,227.5 1,227.0 -.5

Membership associations and organizations .... 2,861.7 2,873.9 2,870.3 2,881.0 2,862.2 2,879.4 2,879.0 2,880.0 2,880.3 2,881.9 1.6

Government .............................................................. 21,934 21,941 21,937 21,928 21,504 21,576 21,588 21,547 21,545 21,520 -25

Federal ................................................................... 2,772 2,778 2,780 2,785 2,780 2,786 2,791 2,789 2,782 2,778 -4

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service ................. 1,909.9 1,956.9 1,959.2 1,966.2 1,909.6 1,960.3 1,966.2 1,964.8 1,959.6 1,954.6 -5.0

U.S. Postal Service ............................................ 862.1 820.7 820.7 818.6 870.7 825.3 824.8 823.9 822.8 823.0 .2

State government .................................................. 5,083 5,090 5,089 5,004 5,023 4,974 4,979 4,958 4,955 4,946 -9

State government education .............................. 2,288.8 2,328.1 2,330.0 2,246.1 2,231.0 2,196.8 2,205.1 2,188.7 2,191.5 2,189.4 -2.1

State government, excluding education ............ 2,794.4 2,762.3 2,758.9 2,758.2 2,792.1 2,777.3 2,773.4 2,769.7 2,763.7 2,756.7 -7.0

Local government .................................................. 14,079 14,073 14,068 14,139 13,701 13,816 13,818 13,800 13,808 13,796 -12

Local government education ............................. 8,022.2 8,064.0 8,043.2 8,051.6 7,639.3 7,708.5 7,712.4 7,693.6 7,697.6 7,689.3 -8.3

Local government, excluding education ........... 6,056.7 6,008.7 6,024.8 6,087.0 6,061.7 6,107.6 6,105.7 6,106.5 6,110.0 6,107.0 -3.0

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately. NAICS and SIC structures, NAICS-based data by industry are not 

p

= preliminary. comparable to the SIC-based data. In addition, data reflect March 2002

 NOTE: Data reflect the conversion to the 2002 version of the North benchmark levels, the completion of the conversion of the survey sample

American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis for the from a quota basis to a probability basis, a modification of the seasonal

assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry, replacing the adjustment process, and other changes. See the note beginning on

Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. Due to differences in page 5 for more information on the changes.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2002

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003p

May

2003p

May

2002

Jan.

2003

Feb.

2003

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003p

May

2003p

Change

from:

Apr. 2003-

May 2003

Total private ....................................... 33.8 33.8 33.4 33.6 33.9 33.8 33.7 33.8 33.7 33.7 0.0

Goods-producing .......................................... 39.9 39.7 39.3 39.8 39.9 40.0 39.6 39.9 39.5 39.7 .2

Natural resources and mining .............................. 43.1 43.8 43.0 43.9 43.2 43.1 43.3 44.2 43.2 43.8 .6

Construction ............................................................ 38.4 38.2 37.6 38.8 38.2 38.9 37.6 38.7 37.9 38.4 .5

Manufacturing ......................................................... 40.5 40.3 40.0 40.2 40.6 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.1 40.2 .1

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.2 4.0 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.3 4.1 4.0 4.1 .1

Durable goods ..................................................... 40.9 40.6 40.3 40.6 40.8 40.8 40.7 40.6 40.3 40.6 .3

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.2 4.0 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.4 4.3 4.1 4.0 4.1 .1

Wood products .................................................. 40.3 39.8 39.9 40.1 39.9 40.0 39.9 40.1 39.9 39.8 -.1

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 42.2 42.0 41.8 43.1 42.0 42.1 42.0 42.6 41.9 42.7 .8

Primary metals .................................................. 42.5 42.6 42.2 42.4 42.6 42.4 42.5 42.6 42.2 42.4 .2

Fabricated metal products .............................. 40.6 40.4 40.1 40.7 40.7 40.6 40.5 40.5 40.3 40.7 .4

Machinery .......................................................... 40.7 40.7 40.4 40.5 40.6 40.5 40.9 40.5 40.5 40.3 -.2

Computer and electronic products ................ 39.3 40.4 39.9 40.6 39.7 39.9 39.8 40.3 40.2 40.8 .6

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 40.0 40.5 40.1 40.5 40.2 40.3 40.8 40.6 40.1 40.5 .4

Transportation equipment ............................... 43.0 41.5 41.3 41.5 42.7 42.5 42.2 41.4 41.2 41.3 .1

Furniture and related products ....................... 39.1 38.2 37.8 38.2 39.3 38.8 38.6 38.2 37.8 38.3 .5

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 38.7 38.5 38.0 38.0 38.6 38.9 38.6 38.3 38.0 37.9 -.1

Nondurable goods ............................................... 40.0 39.9 39.5 39.5 40.2 39.8 39.9 40.0 39.7 39.6 -.1

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.2 4.0 3.9 3.9 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.0 -.1

Food manufacturing ......................................... 39.4 39.1 38.8 39.0 39.7 39.1 39.1 39.6 39.4 39.3 -.1

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 39.4 38.8 39.3 39.3 39.0 39.3 39.3 39.4 39.5 39.1 -.4

Textile mills ........................................................ 41.3 39.7 39.4 38.8 41.1 39.2 40.0 39.5 39.0 38.7 -.3

Textile product mills ......................................... 39.4 39.3 38.7 38.6 39.4 39.2 39.2 39.0 38.6 38.7 .1

Apparel ............................................................... 37.0 36.0 35.5 35.5 36.9 36.2 36.0 35.9 35.7 35.5 -.2

Leather and allied products ............................ 37.1 39.9 39.8 39.1 37.1 39.3 39.4 39.7 39.5 39.3 -.2

Paper and paper products .............................. 41.9 41.6 41.3 41.1 42.2 41.6 41.8 41.8 41.6 41.4 -.2

Printing and related support activities ........... 38.2 38.6 37.8 37.6 38.5 38.5 38.3 38.5 38.0 37.9 -.1

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 42.4 45.9 44.0 43.1 42.7 43.9 45.1 45.8 44.2 44.1 -.1

Chemicals .......................................................... 42.2 42.6 42.1 41.8 42.2 42.3 42.8 42.7 42.3 41.9 -.4

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 40.8 40.1 39.9 40.4 40.8 40.2 40.3 40.2 40.0 40.3 .3

Private service-providing ............................. 32.4 32.5 32.2 32.3 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.4 32.4 .0

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 33.7 33.4 33.2 33.4 33.7 33.5 33.4 33.6 33.5 33.5 .0

Wholesale trade ................................................... 37.9 37.9 37.5 37.8 38.0 37.6 37.7 37.8 37.7 37.8 .1

Retail trade ........................................................... 31.0 30.6 30.6 30.8 31.0 30.8 30.7 30.9 30.9 30.8 -.1

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 36.8 36.7 36.4 36.5 36.8 36.9 36.7 36.8 36.7 36.6 -.1

Utilities ................................................................... 41.1 41.1 41.0 41.2 41.1 41.2 41.2 41.4 41.0 41.1 .1

Information ............................................................... 36.3 36.3 35.9 36.0 36.7 35.9 36.2 36.3 36.2 36.3 .1

Financial activities .................................................. 35.3 36.0 35.2 35.2 35.6 35.6 35.6 35.6 35.5 35.5 .0

Professional and business services .................... 34.1 34.4 34.0 34.0 34.2 34.3 34.3 34.2 34.0 34.1 .1

Education and health services ............................. 32.2 32.6 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 .0

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 25.6 25.7 25.3 25.5 25.7 25.8 25.6 25.7 25.6 25.7 .1

Other services ......................................................... 31.9 31.9 31.6 31.7 32.0 31.8 31.9 31.9 31.8 31.8 .0

1 Data relate to production workers in natural resources and mining and Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. Due to differences in

manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory NAICS and SIC structures, NAICS-based data by industry are not 

workers in the service-providing industries. comparable to the SIC-based data. In addition, data reflect March 2002

p

= preliminary. benchmark levels, the completion of the conversion of the survey sample

 NOTE: Data reflect the conversion to the 2002 version of the North from a quota basis to a probability basis, a modification of the seasonal

American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis for the adjustment process, and other changes. See the note beginning on

assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry, replacing the page 5 for more information on the changes.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and 

selected industry detail

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

May

2002

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003p

May

2003p

May

2002

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003p

May

2003p

Total private ....................................... $14.83 $15.34 $15.31 $15.30 $501.25 $518.49 $511.35 $514.08

Seasonally adjusted ..................... 14.86 15.29 15.29 15.34 503.75 516.80 515.27 516.96

Goods-producing .......................................... 16.20 16.59 16.66 16.72 646.38 658.62 654.74 665.46

Natural resources and mining .............................. 17.13 17.58 17.81 17.65 738.30 770.00 765.83 774.84

Construction ............................................................ 18.31 18.73 18.82 18.83 703.10 715.49 707.63 730.60

Manufacturing ......................................................... 15.20 15.62 15.63 15.66 615.60 629.49 625.20 629.53

Durable goods ..................................................... 15.92 16.33 16.31 16.37 651.13 663.00 657.29 664.62

Wood products .................................................. 12.27 12.51 12.50 12.64 494.48 497.90 498.75 506.86

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 15.37 15.52 15.70 15.73 648.61 651.84 656.26 677.96

Primary metals .................................................. 17.55 17.86 18.03 17.97 745.88 760.84 760.87 761.93

Fabricated metal products .............................. 14.61 14.97 14.96 14.94 593.17 604.79 599.90 608.06

Machinery .......................................................... 15.86 16.19 16.19 16.24 645.50 658.93 654.08 657.72

Computer and electronic products ................ 16.16 16.55 16.60 16.66 635.09 668.62 662.34 676.40

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 13.89 14.25 14.22 14.23 555.60 577.13 570.22 576.32

Transportation equipment ............................... 20.41 21.07 20.95 21.11 877.63 874.41 865.24 876.07

Furniture and related products ....................... 12.49 12.93 12.93 12.95 488.36 493.93 488.75 494.69

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 12.82 13.22 13.19 13.22 496.13 508.97 501.22 502.36

Nondurable goods ............................................... 14.05 14.53 14.56 14.54 562.00 579.75 575.12 574.33

Food manufacturing ......................................... 12.46 12.70 12.72 12.71 490.92 496.57 493.54 495.69

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 17.81 17.69 17.79 18.10 701.71 686.37 699.15 711.33

Textile mills ........................................................ 11.72 11.92 11.94 11.94 484.04 473.22 470.44 463.27

Textile product mills ......................................... 10.99 10.98 11.14 11.08 433.01 431.51 431.12 427.69

Apparel ............................................................... 9.07 9.45 9.47 9.47 335.59 340.20 336.19 336.19

Leather and allied products ............................ 10.97 11.62 11.76 11.72 406.99 463.64 468.05 458.25

Paper and paper products .............................. 16.85 17.22 17.39 17.37 706.02 716.35 718.21 713.91

Printing and related support activities ........... 14.78 15.33 15.37 15.28 564.60 591.74 580.99 574.53

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 22.48 24.17 23.97 23.39 953.15 1,109.40 1,054.68 1,008.11

Chemicals .......................................................... 17.73 18.33 18.28 18.33 748.21 780.86 769.59 766.19

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 13.45 14.00 14.07 14.07 548.76 561.40 561.39 568.43

Private service-providing ............................. 14.44 15.00 14.95 14.90 467.86 487.50 481.39 481.27

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 13.96 14.34 14.31 14.28 470.45 478.96 475.09 476.95

Wholesale trade ................................................... 16.90 17.29 17.24 17.22 640.51 655.29 646.50 650.92

Retail trade ........................................................... 11.62 11.90 11.90 11.88 360.22 364.14 364.14 365.90

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 15.66 16.23 16.21 16.20 576.29 595.64 590.04 591.30

Utilities ................................................................... 23.88 24.41 24.50 24.49 981.47 1,003.25 1,004.50 1,008.99

Information ............................................................... 20.02 20.88 20.97 20.87 726.73 757.94 752.82 751.32

Financial activities .................................................. 15.98 16.89 16.95 16.92 564.09 608.04 596.64 595.58

Professional and business services .................... 16.59 17.36 17.21 17.18 565.72 597.18 585.14 584.12

Education and health services ............................. 15.09 15.62 15.55 15.57 485.90 509.21 502.27 502.91

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 8.54 8.73 8.69 8.72 218.62 224.36 219.86 222.36

Other services ......................................................... 13.66 14.02 14.01 14.00 435.75 447.24 442.72 443.80

1

See footnote 1, table B-2. NAICS and SIC structures, NAICS-based data by industry are not 

p

= preliminary. comparable to the SIC-based data. In addition, data reflect March 2002

 NOTE: Data reflect the conversion to the 2002 version of the North benchmark levels, the completion of the conversion of the survey sample

American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis for the from a quota basis to a probability basis, a modification of the seasonal

assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry, replacing the adjustment process, and other changes. See the note beginning on

Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. Due to differences in page 5 for more information on the changes.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Total private:

May

2002

Jan.

2003

Feb.

2003

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003p

May

2003p

Percent

change from:

Apr. 2003-

May 2003

Current dollars .............................................. $14.86 $15.22 $15.29 $15.29 $15.29 $15.34 0.3

2 Constant (1982) dollars .............................. 8.21 8.28 8.26 8.22 8.26 N.A. 3( )

Goods-producing .......................................................... 16.25 16.63 16.65 16.68 16.71 16.77 .4

Natural resources and mining .............................................. 17.17 17.45 17.45 17.54 17.72 17.67 -.3

Construction ............................................................................ 18.42 18.77 18.84 18.83 18.89 18.94 .3

Manufacturing ......................................................................... 15.23 15.59 15.63 15.64 15.64 15.69 .3

4 Excluding overtime .................................................... 14.48 14.78 14.84 14.88 14.90 14.93 .2

Durable goods ..................................................................... 15.96 16.33 16.35 16.34 16.34 16.40 .4

Nondurable goods ............................................................... 14.09 14.44 14.50 14.55 14.55 14.59 .3

Private service-providing ............................................. 14.47 14.82 14.92 14.91 14.91 14.96 .3

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................................... 13.96 14.21 14.29 14.26 14.23 14.29 .4

Wholesale trade ................................................................... 16.94 17.16 17.25 17.22 17.23 17.26 .2

Retail trade ........................................................................... 11.61 11.85 11.88 11.85 11.82 11.89 .6

Transportation and warehousing ...................................... 15.69 16.05 16.22 16.22 16.18 16.24 .4

Utilities ................................................................................... 23.85 24.05 24.19 24.36 24.34 24.43 .4

Information ............................................................................... 20.11 20.70 20.79 20.90 20.96 20.99 .1

Financial activities .................................................................. 15.99 16.69 16.77 16.78 16.91 16.94 .2

Professional and business services .................................... 16.67 17.02 17.17 17.20 17.25 17.27 .1

Education and health services ............................................. 15.09 15.57 15.61 15.63 15.56 15.63 .4

Leisure and hospitality ........................................................... 8.54 8.71 8.77 8.72 8.71 8.73 .2

Other services ......................................................................... 13.62 13.98 14.03 14.02 14.01 13.97 -.3

1

See footnote 1, table B-2. American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis for the 2

The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry, replacing the

Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this series. Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. Due to differences in

3 Change was .5 percent from Mar. 2003 to Apr. 2003, the NAICS and SIC structures, NAICS-based data by industry are not 

latest month available. comparable to the SIC-based data. In addition, data reflect March 2002

4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of benchmark levels, the completion of the conversion of the survey sample

time and one-half. from a quota basis to a probability basis, a modification of the seasonal

N.A. = not available. adjustment process, and other changes. See the note beginning on

p

= preliminary. page 5 for more information on the changes.

 NOTE: Data reflect the conversion to the 2002 version of the North
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2002

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003p

May

2003p

May

2002

Jan.

2003

Feb.

2003

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003p

May

2003p

Percent

change from:

Apr. 2003-

May 2003

Total private ....................................... 100.2 97.8 97.3 98.6 100.2 99.4 99.0 99.0 98.7 98.7 0.0

Goods-producing .......................................... 100.5 94.3 94.3 96.7 100.2 98.3 96.9 97.1 95.9 96.2 .3

Natural resources and mining .............................. 100.2 93.9 92.2 96.0 101.1 95.8 96.7 97.6 94.9 96.4 1.6

Construction ............................................................ 100.5 91.2 93.9 100.9 99.3 100.0 96.3 98.7 97.4 98.8 1.4

Manufacturing ......................................................... 100.5 95.9 94.6 95.0 100.7 97.6 97.2 96.6 95.2 95.0 -.2

Durable goods ..................................................... 101.0 95.8 94.4 95.1 100.6 97.7 96.9 96.0 94.5 94.9 .4

Wood products .................................................. 101.4 95.4 96.6 97.6 100.1 99.0 98.6 97.9 97.5 96.8 -.7

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 101.6 93.1 93.8 98.8 100.3 96.7 95.7 97.1 95.1 96.9 1.9

Primary metals .................................................. 100.7 97.2 95.9 95.0 101.0 97.9 97.4 97.2 95.7 95.0 -.7

Fabricated metal products .............................. 100.2 95.6 94.4 95.3 100.7 97.3 96.2 96.1 95.0 95.5 .5

Machinery .......................................................... 101.5 97.0 95.4 94.8 100.5 97.1 97.6 95.9 95.1 93.6 -1.6

Computer and electronic products ................ 99.9 97.0 94.6 95.4 100.9 97.1 96.4 96.4 95.4 96.0 .6

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 100.5 95.5 93.7 93.3 101.1 96.3 96.8 95.6 93.5 93.5 .0

Transportation equipment ............................... 101.7 95.6 93.7 95.3 100.5 99.1 98.1 95.3 93.6 94.6 1.1

Furniture and related products ....................... 101.3 92.9 90.5 91.6 101.5 95.6 94.1 92.8 90.6 91.3 .8

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 100.6 96.5 95.2 94.4 100.3 98.5 97.2 96.1 95.1 94.1 -1.1

Nondurable goods ............................................... 99.8 96.2 94.6 94.7 100.5 97.5 97.5 97.1 95.8 95.2 -.6

Food manufacturing ......................................... 97.8 96.1 94.9 95.6 99.9 98.3 98.2 99.0 98.3 97.8 -.5

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 102.1 86.2 85.1 85.9 102.0 91.8 91.9 90.3 88.5 86.8 -1.9

Textile mills ........................................................ 102.4 93.8 92.0 89.0 101.4 94.2 95.3 93.4 90.8 88.5 -2.5

Textile product mills ......................................... 101.3 96.9 95.2 94.8 100.8 97.5 98.0 96.8 94.9 94.6 -.3

Apparel ............................................................... 102.7 86.0 83.5 83.9 101.2 91.0 88.7 86.4 84.5 83.0 -1.8

Leather and allied products ............................ 103.4 95.7 94.2 92.8 101.2 97.5 95.0 95.0 92.9 91.4 -1.6

Paper and paper products .............................. 100.0 95.1 93.7 93.0 101.0 97.1 97.3 96.3 95.1 94.2 -.9

Printing and related support activities ........... 99.8 97.9 95.6 95.8 100.7 97.6 97.4 98.0 96.5 96.6 .1

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 99.0 103.1 98.3 99.0 98.9 102.4 105.0 105.3 99.6 100.5 .9

Chemicals .......................................................... 100.2 100.7 99.3 97.9 99.9 99.9 100.9 100.4 99.3 97.9 -1.4

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 100.7 97.3 96.5 97.5 100.5 98.4 98.5 97.7 96.8 97.2 .4

Private service-providing ............................. 100.1 98.8 98.5 99.4 100.1 99.7 99.6 99.7 99.5 99.5 .0

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 100.1 96.8 96.6 97.7 100.6 98.9 98.4 98.9 98.6 98.4 -.2

Wholesale trade ................................................... 100.3 97.7 96.8 97.6 100.5 97.7 97.8 97.9 97.6 97.6 .0

Retail trade ........................................................... 99.8 96.4 97.0 98.2 100.6 99.2 98.7 99.4 99.5 99.0 -.5

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 100.5 96.8 96.0 96.9 100.3 99.2 98.5 98.1 97.5 97.0 -.5

Utilities ................................................................... 100.6 99.3 98.8 99.6 100.6 100.2 100.1 100.4 99.2 99.3 .1

Information ............................................................... 99.7 99.3 98.2 98.7 100.7 98.1 98.8 99.1 99.1 99.4 .3

Financial activities .................................................. 99.0 101.7 99.8 100.3 99.8 100.8 100.9 101.0 101.0 101.2 .2

Professional and business services .................... 100.2 98.2 97.9 98.3 100.5 99.7 99.8 98.8 98.2 98.6 .4

Education and health services ............................. 99.4 102.6 102.0 101.5 99.8 101.3 101.3 101.4 101.7 101.9 .2

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 101.1 96.7 96.9 100.5 99.3 100.6 99.4 99.5 98.9 99.2 .3

Other services ......................................................... 100.2 98.4 97.6 97.9 100.2 98.5 98.7 98.6 98.2 98.0 -.2

1

See footnote 1, table B-2. NAICS and SIC structures, NAICS-based data by industry are not 

p

= preliminary. comparable to the SIC-based data. In addition, data reflect March 2002

 NOTE: Data reflect the conversion to the 2002 version of the North benchmark levels, the completion of the conversion of the survey sample

American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis for the from a quota basis to a probability basis, a modification of the seasonal

assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry, replacing the adjustment process, and other changes. See the note beginning on

Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. Due to differences in page 5 for more information on the changes.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2002

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003p

May

2003p

May

2002

Jan.

2003

Feb.

2003

Mar.

2003

Apr.

2003p

May

2003p

Percent

change from:

Apr. 2003-

May 2003

Total private ....................................... 99.4 100.4 99.7 101.0 99.6 101.2 101.2 101.3 101.0 101.3 0.3

Goods-producing .......................................... 99.7 95.8 96.2 99.1 99.7 100.1 98.8 99.2 98.1 98.8 .7

Natural resources and mining .............................. 99.7 95.8 95.3 98.4 100.8 97.1 98.0 99.4 97.6 99.0 1.4

Construction ............................................................ 99.4 92.3 95.4 102.6 98.8 101.3 98.0 100.4 99.4 101.1 1.7

Manufacturing ......................................................... 99.9 98.0 96.7 97.3 100.3 99.6 99.4 98.8 97.3 97.5 .2

Durable goods ..................................................... 100.4 97.7 96.2 97.2 100.2 99.6 98.9 97.9 96.4 97.1 .7

Nondurable goods ............................................... 99.0 98.7 97.3 97.2 100.0 99.5 99.9 99.8 98.5 98.1 -.4

Private service-providing ............................. 99.2 101.7 101.1 101.7 99.5 101.4 102.0 102.1 101.8 102.2 .4

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 99.7 99.0 98.6 99.5 100.2 100.2 100.3 100.6 100.1 100.3 .2

Wholesale trade ................................................... 99.9 99.5 98.4 99.1 100.3 98.8 99.4 99.4 99.1 99.3 .2

Retail trade ........................................................... 99.4 98.3 98.9 100.0 100.1 100.7 100.5 100.9 100.7 100.9 .2

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 99.7 99.6 98.7 99.5 99.8 100.9 101.3 100.9 100.0 99.9 -.1

Utilities ................................................................... 100.4 101.2 101.1 101.9 100.2 100.6 101.1 102.2 100.9 101.3 .4

Information ............................................................... 98.7 102.5 101.8 101.8 100.1 100.3 101.5 102.4 102.6 103.2 .6

Financial activities .................................................. 97.9 106.3 104.6 105.0 98.8 104.0 104.6 104.9 105.6 106.0 .4

Professional and business services .................... 98.9 101.4 100.2 100.5 99.6 100.9 101.9 101.1 100.8 101.3 .5

Education and health services ............................. 98.5 105.3 104.2 103.9 98.9 103.6 104.0 104.2 104.0 104.7 .7

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 100.7 98.5 98.2 102.3 99.0 102.2 101.7 101.2 100.5 101.1 .6

Other services ......................................................... 99.7 100.5 99.6 99.9 99.5 100.4 100.9 100.7 100.2 99.7 -.5

1

See footnote 1, table B-2. NAICS and SIC structures, NAICS-based data by industry are not 

p

= preliminary. comparable to the SIC-based data. In addition, data reflect March 2002

 NOTE: Data reflect the conversion to the 2002 version of the North benchmark levels, the completion of the conversion of the survey sample

American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis for the from a quota basis to a probability basis, a modification of the seasonal

assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry, replacing the adjustment process, and other changes. See the note beginning on

Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. Due to differences in page 5 for more information on the changes.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted

(Percent)

Time Span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

Private nonfarm payrolls, 278 industries 1

Over 1-month span:

1999 ........................................................ 56.3 64.7 56.7 65.8 64.2 61.9 63.3 59.9 57.6 64.4 69.1 64.4

2000 ........................................................ 65.5 60.3 65.5 58.8 47.7 61.7 65.5 52.9 52.3 54.1 57.7 53.2

2001 ........................................................ 52.3 49.6 48.6 36.5 41.4 38.1 35.6 38.5 39.0 35.6 37.8 36.0

2002 ........................................................ 40.5 37.4 37.6 41.0 41.7 43.7 39.0 41.7 43.3 43.9 42.4 37.2

2003 ........................................................ 44.2 36.7 44.1 43.5 43.3 p p

Over 3-month span:

1999 ........................................................ 61.5 64.9 61.0 65.8 66.4 69.1 66.9 64.4 62.2 62.9 66.7 69.6

2000 ........................................................ 70.1 66.0 68.3 68.3 58.5 56.3 58.1 62.2 55.9 53.1 54.0 58.3

2001 ........................................................ 54.9 50.7 50.5 43.5 37.2 36.0 36.2 35.8 34.5 32.2 31.7 30.9

2002 ........................................................ 34.4 38.3 36.5 35.4 36.7 38.8 39.7 41.4 38.1 39.0 37.8 34.9

2003 ........................................................ 36.0 35.6 36.0 38.8 43.0 p p

Over 6-month span:

1999 ........................................................ 66.9 64.9 63.7 64.0 65.6 65.8 66.7 66.2 69.4 68.7 66.4 66.5

2000 ........................................................ 67.6 68.7 71.4 71.9 68.5 66.2 67.3 60.4 58.3 55.0 61.0 55.2

2001 ........................................................ 53.2 51.4 50.7 47.1 42.8 38.8 37.6 34.5 31.1 32.9 31.3 31.7

2002 ........................................................ 30.6 29.9 31.1 31.3 33.3 35.8 36.9 37.4 37.8 39.9 38.3 35.8

2003 ........................................................ 37.4 36.5 35.1 34.5 37.8 p p

Over 12-month span:

1999 ........................................................ 70.5 68.7 68.2 68.0 68.3 68.3 68.0 68.0 67.8 69.1 68.3 69.1

2000 ........................................................ 70.9 69.2 73.2 71.0 69.8 71.0 70.0 70.3 70.3 65.6 63.8 62.1

2001 ........................................................ 59.5 59.5 53.4 49.3 48.6 45.0 43.3 43.9 39.9 37.8 37.1 34.9

2002 ........................................................ 33.6 31.7 30.2 30.2 30.4 30.6 30.8 31.8 31.5 30.0 33.5 33.3

2003 ........................................................ 33.8 33.3 34.5 35.8 35.8 p p

Over 1-month span:

1999 ........................................................ 42.3 38.7 33.3 39.3 52.4 34.5 50.0 40.5 41.7 50.6 56.0 51.8

2000 ........................................................ 50.6 53.6 54.8 42.9 39.9 53.6 62.5 28.6 24.4 35.1 41.1 38.7

2001 ........................................................ 24.4 22.0 24.4 14.3 14.3 19.6 14.3 13.7 17.9 16.7 16.7 9.5

2002 ........................................................ 19.0 22.6 20.8 33.9 30.4 32.1 34.5 25.0 31.0 19.6 21.4 25.0

2003 ........................................................ 36.3 19.0 27.4 14.9 28.0 p p

Over 3-month span:

1999 ........................................................ 33.9 40.5 37.5 35.7 41.7 43.5 42.3 38.1 41.1 44.6 49.4 56.5

2000 ........................................................ 54.2 54.8 58.3 51.8 41.7 41.1 54.8 48.2 29.2 25.6 25.0 42.3

2001 ........................................................ 34.5 24.4 17.9 14.3 11.9 14.3 10.7 7.7 8.3 9.5 8.9 8.3

2002 ........................................................ 11.9 11.9 16.7 20.2 21.4 20.2 28.6 25.6 25.6 17.9 14.9 10.7

2003 ........................................................ 14.9 15.5 19.6 12.5 14.9 p p

Over 6-month span:

1999 ........................................................ 37.5 32.7 30.4 33.3 36.9 38.1 38.1 34.5 40.5 46.4 41.1 48.2

2000 ........................................................ 47.0 51.2 56.5 57.1 49.4 47.6 56.0 44.0 36.9 35.1 34.5 31.0

2001 ........................................................ 23.8 24.4 20.8 17.9 14.9 11.9 13.7 9.5 8.3 6.5 6.5 6.0

2002 ........................................................ 7.7 8.9 7.7 8.9 12.5 16.7 19.6 19.6 23.8 17.9 16.7 13.7

2003 ........................................................ 13.7 14.3 12.5 11.9 13.7 p p

Over 12-month span:

1999 ........................................................ 35.7 32.1 29.8 32.1 32.7 32.1 34.5 32.1 33.3 39.3 41.1 42.9

2000 ........................................................ 41.7 39.3 47.0 50.0 46.4 52.4 51.8 49.4 46.4 40.5 35.1 33.3

2001 ........................................................ 29.8 32.1 20.8 19.0 13.1 12.5 10.7 11.9 11.9 10.1 8.3 6.0

2002 ........................................................ 7.1 6.0 6.0 7.1 7.7 5.4 6.0 8.9 7.7 9.5 13.1 13.1

2003 ........................................................ 13.7 15.5 16.7 11.9 13.7 p p

Manufacturing payrolls, 84 industries 1

1

Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month as the basis for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by

spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. industry, replacing the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system.

p

= preliminary. Due to differences in NAICS and SIC structures, NAICS-based data by 

NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment industry are not comparable to the SIC-based data. In addition, data 

increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, reflect March 2002 benchmark levels, completion of the conversion of the 

where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with survey sample from a quota basis to a probability basis, a modification of 

increasing and decreasing employment. Data reflect the conversion to the the seasonal adjustment process, and other changes. See the note 

2002 version of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) beginning on page 5 for more information on the changes.