For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Friday, June 19, 2020 USDL-20-1233 

Technical information: 

 Employment: sminfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/sae 

 Unemployment: lausinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/lau 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

STATE EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT — MAY 2020

Unemployment rates were lower in May in 38 states and the District of Columbia, higher in 3 states, and 

stable in 9 states, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. All 50 states and the District had 

jobless rate increases from a year earlier. The national unemployment rate declined by 1.4 percentage 

points over the month to 13.3 percent but was 9.7 points higher than in May 2019. 

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 46 states, decreased in Hawaii and the District of Columbia, 

and was unchanged in 3 states in May 2020. Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment decreased in 

all 50 states and the District.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly programs. The civilian labor force and 

unemployment data are modeled based largely on a survey of households. These data pertain to 

individuals by where they reside. The employment data are from an establishment survey that measures 

nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. These data pertain to jobs on payrolls defined by 

where the establishments are located. For more information about the concepts and statistical 

methodologies used by these two programs, see the Technical Note.

Unemployment

Nevada had the highest unemployment rate in May, 25.3 percent, followed by Hawaii, 22.6 percent, and 

Michigan, 21.2 percent. The rates in Delaware (15.8 percent), Florida (14.5 percent), Massachusetts 

(16.3 percent), and Minnesota (9.9 percent) set new series highs. (All state series begin in 1976.) 

Nebraska had the lowest unemployment rate, 5.2 percent. In total, 24 states and the District of Columbia 

had unemployment rates lower than the U.S. figure of 13.3 percent, 12 states had higher rates, and 14 

states had rates that were not appreciably different from that of the nation. (See tables A and 1 and map 

1.) 

In May, the largest unemployment rate decreases occurred in Mississippi (-5.7 percentage points), 

Kentucky (-5.6 points), and Indiana (-5.2 points). Rates declined over the month by at least 2.0 

percentage points in an additional 18 states and the District of Columbia. The over-the-month jobless 

rate increases occurred in Minnesota (+1.2 percentage points), Connecticut (+1.1 points), and Florida 

(+0.7 point). Nine states had rates that were not notably different from those of a month earlier, though 

some had changes that were at least as large numerically as the significant changes. (See table B.) 
-2-

The largest unemployment rate increases from May 2019 occurred in Nevada (+21.3 percentage points), 

Hawaii (+19.9 points), and Michigan (+17.0 points), with another 12 states experiencing increases of 

10.0 points or more. The smallest over-the-year rate increases occurred in Nebraska (+2.1 percentage 

points) and the District of Columbia (+3.4 points). (See table C.)

Nonfarm Payroll Employment 

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 46 states, decreased in Hawaii and the District of Columbia, 

and remained unchanged in 3 states in May 2020. The largest job gains occurred in Texas (+237,800), 

Pennsylvania (+198,300), and Florida (+182,900). The largest percentage increases occurred in Vermont 

(+6.4 percent), Michigan (+5.2 percent), and Montana and Pennsylvania (+4.0 percent each). 

Employment decreased in Hawaii (-6,000, or -1.1 percent) and the District (-9,100, or -1.2 percent). (See 

tables D and 3.) 

All 50 states and the District of Columbia had over-the-year decreases in nonfarm payroll employment 

in May. The largest job declines occurred in California (-2,267,100), New York (-1,794,000), and Texas 

(-917,800). The smallest declines occurred in Wyoming (-26,900), South Dakota (-33,100), and Alaska 

(-40,700). The largest percentage declines occurred in Hawaii (-20.1 percent), Michigan (-19.2 percent), 

and New York (-18.3 percent). The smallest percentage declines occurred in Utah (-4.8 percent), 

Arizona (-5.7 percent), and Idaho (-5.9 percent). (See table E and map 2.) 

_____________ 

The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment news release for May is scheduled to be 

released on Wednesday, July 1, 2020, at 10:00 a.m. (EDT). The State Employment and 

Unemployment news release for June is scheduled to be released on Friday, July 17, 2020, at 10:00 

a.m. (EDT).
-3-

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Impact on May 2020 

Establishment and Household Survey Data

BLS has continued to review all estimation and methodological procedures for the establishment survey, 

which included the review of data, estimation processes, the application of the birth-death model, and 

seasonal adjustment. Business births and deaths cannot be adequately captured by the establishment 

survey as they occur. Therefore, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program uses a model to 

account for the relatively stable net employment change generated by business births and deaths. Due to 

the impact of COVID-19, the relationship between business births and deaths is no longer stable. 

Typically, reports with zero employment are not included in estimation. For the April final estimates, 

CES included a portion of these reports in the estimates and made modifications to the birth-death 

model. For the May 2020 preliminary estimates, in addition to the inclusion of reported zeros and the 

modification of the model, the establishment survey included a portion of the reports that returned to 

reporting positive employment from reporting zero employment. For more information, see 

www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbd.htm .

In the establishment survey, workers who are paid by their employer for all or any part of the pay period 

including the 12th of the month are counted as employed, even if they were not actually at their jobs. 

Workers who are temporarily or permanently absent from their jobs and are not being paid are not 

counted as employed, even if they are continuing to receive benefits. The length of the reference period 

does vary across the respondents in the establishment survey; one-third of businesses have a weekly pay 

period, slightly over 40 percent a bi-weekly, about 20 percent semi-monthly, and a small amount 

monthly. 

For the May 2020 estimates of household employment and unemployment from the Local Area 

Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program, BLS continued to implement level-shift outliers in the 

employment and/or unemployment inputs to the models, based on statistical evaluation of movements in 

each area’s inputs. Both the Current Population Survey inputs, which serve as the primary inputs to the 

LAUS models, and the nonfarm payroll employment and unemployment insurance claims covariates 

were examined for outliers. The resulting implementation of level shifts preserved movements in the 

published estimates that the models otherwise would have discounted, without requiring changes to how 

the models create estimates at other points in the time series.

Effective with the April 2020 revised and May 2020 preliminary data, BLS modified the LAUS seasonal 

adjustment process to isolate level shifts from the estimation of seasonal factors. This mitigated 

distortions that had been present in the preliminary data for April 2020, which had resulted from the 

complex relationships between level shifts in the household survey and covariate inputs to the state 

models. In addition, due to the increasing complexity of the outlier treatments, use of the Reproducing 

Kernel Hilbert Space filter to smooth the seasonally adjusted estimates was suspended. These changes to 

the seasonal adjustment and smoothing procedures resulted in some unusually large monthly revisions to 

the LAUS seasonally adjusted estimates for April 2020. 

In future cycles, the complex relationships between level shifts in the inputs and the revisions to the 

covariate inputs are likely to result in revisions to LAUS data for the prior month of larger magnitudes 

than the historical norms. This includes both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data.
-4-

The “Frequently asked questions” document at www.bls.gov/cps/employment-situation-covid19-faqmay-2020.pdf extensively discusses the impact of a misclassification in the household survey on the 

national estimates for May 2020. This misclassification continued to be widespread geographically, with 

BLS analysis indicating that all states again were affected to at least some degree. However, according 

to usual practice, the data from the household survey are accepted as recorded. To maintain data 

integrity, no ad hoc actions are taken to reclassify survey responses. Hence, the household survey 

estimates of employed and unemployed people that serve as the primary inputs to the state models were 

affected to varying degrees by the misclassification, which in turn affected the official LAUS estimates 

for May 2020. 

Household data for Puerto Rico are not modeled, but rather are derived from a monthly household 

survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Due to the effects of the pandemic and efforts to 

contain the virus, Puerto Rico had not been able to conduct its household survey for March or April 

2020. Although data collection resumed for May 2020, BLS has not had sufficient opportunity to 

evaluate the resulting estimates or begin the process of interpolating data for the missing months, which 

will be necessary for seasonal adjustment. Hence, no estimates for Puerto Rico are being published by 

BLS in conjunction with this news release. 
-5-

State Rate p

United States 1 ................................................ 13.3

Alabama ........................................................... 9.9

Arizona ............................................................. 8.9

Arkansas .......................................................... 9.5

California .......................................................... 16.3

Colorado ........................................................... 10.2

Connecticut ....................................................... 9.4

Delaware .......................................................... 15.8

District of Columbia ........................................... 8.9

Florida .............................................................. 14.5

Georgia ............................................................ 9.7

Hawaii .............................................................. 22.6

Idaho ................................................................ 8.9

Illinois ............................................................... 15.2

Iowa ................................................................. 10.0

Kansas ............................................................. 10.0

Kentucky .......................................................... 11.0

Maine ............................................................... 9.3

Maryland ........................................................... 9.9

Massachusetts ................................................... 16.3

Michigan ........................................................... 21.2

Minnesota ......................................................... 9.9

Mississippi ........................................................ 10.6

Missouri ............................................................ 10.1

Montana ............................................................ 9.0

Nebraska .......................................................... 5.2

Nevada ............................................................. 25.3

New Jersey ....................................................... 15.2

New Mexico ....................................................... 9.2

New York .......................................................... 14.5

North Dakota ..................................................... 9.1

Rhode Island ..................................................... 16.3

South Dakota .................................................... 9.4

Tennessee ........................................................ 11.3

Utah ................................................................. 8.5

Virginia ............................................................. 9.4

Washington ....................................................... 15.1

Wyoming .......................................................... 8.8

1

 Data are not preliminary.

p

 = preliminary.

Table A. States with unemployment rates significantly different from that

of the U.S., May 2020, seasonally adjusted
-6-

Table B. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from April 2020

to May 2020, seasonally adjusted

April 2020 May 2020 p

Alabama ..................................... 13.8 9.9 -3.9

Alaska ........................................ 13.5 12.6 -.9

Arizona ....................................... 13.4 8.9 -4.5

Arkansas .................................... 10.8 9.5 -1.3

Colorado ..................................... 12.2 10.2 -2.0

Connecticut ................................. 8.3 9.4 1.1

District of Columbia ..................... 11.7 8.9 -2.8

Florida ........................................ 13.8 14.5 .7

Georgia ...................................... 12.6 9.7 -2.9

Hawaii ........................................ 23.8 22.6 -1.2

Idaho .......................................... 11.8 8.9 -2.9

Illinois ......................................... 17.2 15.2 -2.0

Indiana ....................................... 17.5 12.3 -5.2

Iowa ........................................... 11.0 10.0 -1.0

Kansas ....................................... 11.9 10.0 -1.9

Kentucky .................................... 16.6 11.0 -5.6

Louisiana .................................... 15.1 13.3 -1.8

Maine ......................................... 10.4 9.3 -1.1

Michigan ..................................... 24.0 21.2 -2.8

Minnesota ................................... 8.7 9.9 1.2

Mississippi .................................. 16.3 10.6 -5.7

Montana ...................................... 11.9 9.0 -2.9

Nebraska .................................... 8.7 5.2 -3.5

Nevada ....................................... 30.1 25.3 -4.8

New Hampshire ........................... 17.1 14.5 -2.6

New Jersey ................................. 16.3 15.2 -1.1

New Mexico ................................. 11.9 9.2 -2.7

New York .................................... 15.3 14.5 -.8

Ohio ........................................... 17.6 13.7 -3.9

Oklahoma .................................... 14.7 12.6 -2.1

Pennsylvania ............................... 16.1 13.1 -3.0

Rhode Island ............................... 18.1 16.3 -1.8

South Dakota .............................. 10.9 9.4 -1.5

Tennessee .................................. 15.5 11.3 -4.2

Texas .......................................... 13.5 13.0 -.5

Utah ........................................... 10.4 8.5 -1.9

Vermont ...................................... 16.5 12.7 -3.8

Virginia ....................................... 11.2 9.4 -1.8

Washington ................................. 16.3 15.1 -1.2

West Virginia .............................. 15.9 12.9 -3.0

Wisconsin ................................... 13.6 12.0 -1.6

Wyoming .................................... 9.6 8.8 -.8

p

 = preliminary.

State

Rate Over-the-month 

change p
-7-

Table C. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from May 2019

to May 2020, seasonally adjusted

May 2019 May 2020 p

Alabama ..................................... 3.0 9.9 6.9

Alaska ........................................ 6.2 12.6 6.4

Arizona ....................................... 4.8 8.9 4.1

Arkansas .................................... 3.5 9.5 6.0

California .................................... 4.1 16.3 12.2

Colorado ..................................... 2.8 10.2 7.4

Connecticut ................................. 3.7 9.4 5.7

Delaware .................................... 3.7 15.8 12.1

District of Columbia ..................... 5.5 8.9 3.4

Florida ........................................ 3.2 14.5 11.3

Georgia ...................................... 3.6 9.7 6.1

Hawaii ........................................ 2.7 22.6 19.9

Idaho .......................................... 2.9 8.9 6.0

Illinois ......................................... 4.1 15.2 11.1

Indiana ....................................... 3.3 12.3 9.0

Iowa ........................................... 2.7 10.0 7.3

Kansas ....................................... 3.1 10.0 6.9

Kentucky .................................... 4.3 11.0 6.7

Louisiana .................................... 4.5 13.3 8.8

Maine ......................................... 3.0 9.3 6.3

Maryland ..................................... 3.7 9.9 6.2

Massachusetts ............................. 2.9 16.3 13.4

Michigan ..................................... 4.2 21.2 17.0

Minnesota ................................... 3.2 9.9 6.7

Mississippi .................................. 5.4 10.6 5.2

Missouri ...................................... 3.1 10.1 7.0

Montana ...................................... 3.5 9.0 5.5

Nebraska .................................... 3.1 5.2 2.1

Nevada ....................................... 4.0 25.3 21.3

New Hampshire ........................... 2.5 14.5 12.0

New Jersey ................................. 3.3 15.2 11.9

New Mexico ................................. 4.9 9.2 4.3

New York .................................... 4.0 14.5 10.5

North Carolina ............................. 4.0 12.9 8.9

North Dakota ............................... 2.4 9.1 6.7

Ohio ........................................... 4.1 13.7 9.6

Oklahoma .................................... 3.2 12.6 9.4

Oregon ....................................... 3.9 14.2 10.3

Pennsylvania ............................... 4.2 13.1 8.9

Rhode Island ............................... 3.6 16.3 12.7

South Carolina ............................ 3.1 12.5 9.4

South Dakota .............................. 3.3 9.4 6.1

Tennessee .................................. 3.5 11.3 7.8

Texas .......................................... 3.4 13.0 9.6

Utah ........................................... 2.7 8.5 5.8

Vermont ...................................... 2.3 12.7 10.4

Virginia ....................................... 2.8 9.4 6.6

Washington ................................. 4.4 15.1 10.7

West Virginia .............................. 4.7 12.9 8.2

Wisconsin ................................... 3.3 12.0 8.7

Wyoming .................................... 3.5 8.8 5.3

p

 = preliminary.

State

Rate Over-the-year 

change p
-8-

Table D. States with statistically significant employment changes from April 2020 to

May 2020, seasonally adjusted

April May

2020 2020 p Level Percent

Alabama ..................................... 1,865,800 1,908,000 42,200 2.3

Alaska ........................................ 281,300 287,800 6,500 2.3

Arizona ....................................... 2,691,800 2,756,000 64,200 2.4

Arkansas .................................... 1,162,800 1,184,200 21,400 1.8

California .................................... 14,979,000 15,120,600 141,600 .9

Colorado ..................................... 2,471,100 2,539,900 68,800 2.8

Connecticut ................................. 1,408,200 1,434,000 25,800 1.8

Delaware .................................... 387,900 392,300 4,400 1.1

District of Columbia ..................... 738,300 729,200 -9,100 -1.2

Florida ........................................ 7,893,500 8,076,400 182,900 2.3

 

Georgia ...................................... 4,120,500 4,200,100 79,600 1.9

Hawaii ........................................ 528,800 522,800 -6,000 -1.1

Idaho .......................................... 688,700 713,000 24,300 3.5

Illinois ......................................... 5,322,300 5,384,500 62,200 1.2

Indiana ....................................... 2,743,700 2,831,200 87,500 3.2

Iowa ........................................... 1,395,500 1,411,300 15,800 1.1

Kansas ....................................... 1,290,200 1,314,400 24,200 1.9

Kentucky .................................... 1,620,700 1,651,100 30,400 1.9

Louisiana .................................... 1,722,400 1,755,200 32,800 1.9

Maine ......................................... 532,800 547,100 14,300 2.7

 

Maryland ..................................... 2,408,800 2,438,600 29,800 1.2

Massachusetts ............................. 3,022,100 3,080,700 58,600 1.9

Michigan ..................................... 3,401,100 3,579,300 178,200 5.2

Mississippi .................................. 1,040,800 1,070,900 30,100 2.9

Missouri ...................................... 2,566,700 2,616,400 49,700 1.9

Montana ...................................... 425,100 442,100 17,000 4.0

Nebraska .................................... 945,400 953,200 7,800 .8

Nevada ....................................... 1,139,000 1,171,700 32,700 2.9

New Hampshire ........................... 572,000 583,600 11,600 2.0

New Jersey ................................. 3,410,600 3,497,400 86,800 2.5

 

New Mexico ................................. 762,300 767,800 5,500 .7

New York .................................... 7,902,400 8,000,400 98,000 1.2

North Carolina ............................. 3,996,200 4,063,300 67,100 1.7

Ohio ........................................... 4,704,000 4,831,100 127,100 2.7

Oklahoma .................................... 1,556,500 1,579,000 22,500 1.4

Oregon ....................................... 1,689,700 1,712,200 22,500 1.3

Pennsylvania ............................... 4,993,100 5,191,400 198,300 4.0

Rhode Island ............................... 410,300 423,400 13,100 3.2

South Carolina ............................ 1,921,800 1,989,400 67,600 3.5

South Dakota .............................. 402,500 406,500 4,000 1.0

 

Tennessee .................................. 2,755,000 2,848,900 93,900 3.4

Texas .......................................... 11,604,700 11,842,500 237,800 2.0

Utah ........................................... 1,442,800 1,483,200 40,400 2.8

Vermont ...................................... 245,800 261,500 15,700 6.4

Virginia ....................................... 3,661,800 3,681,600 19,800 .5

Washington ................................. 2,966,800 3,052,700 85,900 2.9

West Virginia .............................. 617,500 630,800 13,300 2.2

Wisconsin ................................... 2,518,100 2,593,000 74,900 3.0

p

 = preliminary.

State Over-the-month change p
-9-

Table E. States with statistically significant employment changes from May 2019 to

May 2020, seasonally adjusted

May May

2019 2020 p Level Percent

Alabama ..................................... 2,068,800 1,908,000 -160,800 -7.8

Alaska ........................................ 328,500 287,800 -40,700 -12.4

Arizona ....................................... 2,923,000 2,756,000 -167,000 -5.7

Arkansas .................................... 1,275,200 1,184,200 -91,000 -7.1

California .................................... 17,387,700 15,120,600 -2,267,100 -13.0

Colorado ..................................... 2,776,100 2,539,900 -236,200 -8.5

Connecticut ................................. 1,685,400 1,434,000 -251,400 -14.9

Delaware .................................... 465,000 392,300 -72,700 -15.6

District of Columbia ..................... 796,200 729,200 -67,000 -8.4

Florida ........................................ 8,926,800 8,076,400 -850,400 -9.5

 

Georgia ...................................... 4,603,200 4,200,100 -403,100 -8.8

Hawaii ........................................ 654,400 522,800 -131,600 -20.1

Idaho .......................................... 757,900 713,000 -44,900 -5.9

Illinois ......................................... 6,122,400 5,384,500 -737,900 -12.1

Indiana ....................................... 3,172,100 2,831,200 -340,900 -10.7

Iowa ........................................... 1,585,900 1,411,300 -174,600 -11.0

Kansas ....................................... 1,424,500 1,314,400 -110,100 -7.7

Kentucky .................................... 1,938,000 1,651,100 -286,900 -14.8

Louisiana .................................... 1,991,200 1,755,200 -236,000 -11.9

Maine ......................................... 634,400 547,100 -87,300 -13.8

 

Maryland ..................................... 2,768,300 2,438,600 -329,700 -11.9

Massachusetts ............................. 3,685,700 3,080,700 -605,000 -16.4

Michigan ..................................... 4,429,300 3,579,300 -850,000 -19.2

Minnesota ................................... 2,981,200 2,599,600 -381,600 -12.8

Mississippi .................................. 1,158,000 1,070,900 -87,100 -7.5

Missouri ...................................... 2,900,000 2,616,400 -283,600 -9.8

Montana ...................................... 483,700 442,100 -41,600 -8.6

Nebraska .................................... 1,026,000 953,200 -72,800 -7.1

Nevada ....................................... 1,417,000 1,171,700 -245,300 -17.3

New Hampshire ........................... 683,500 583,600 -99,900 -14.6

 

New Jersey ................................. 4,186,900 3,497,400 -689,500 -16.5

New Mexico ................................. 852,100 767,800 -84,300 -9.9

New York .................................... 9,794,400 8,000,400 -1,794,000 -18.3

North Carolina ............................. 4,568,100 4,063,300 -504,800 -11.1

North Dakota ............................... 439,600 398,000 -41,600 -9.5

Ohio ........................................... 5,588,700 4,831,100 -757,600 -13.6

Oklahoma .................................... 1,702,900 1,579,000 -123,900 -7.3

Oregon ....................................... 1,938,100 1,712,200 -225,900 -11.7

Pennsylvania ............................... 6,055,200 5,191,400 -863,800 -14.3

Rhode Island ............................... 503,300 423,400 -79,900 -15.9

 

South Carolina ............................ 2,182,400 1,989,400 -193,000 -8.8

South Dakota .............................. 439,600 406,500 -33,100 -7.5

Tennessee .................................. 3,114,700 2,848,900 -265,800 -8.5

Texas .......................................... 12,760,300 11,842,500 -917,800 -7.2

Utah ........................................... 1,558,200 1,483,200 -75,000 -4.8

Vermont ...................................... 315,600 261,500 -54,100 -17.1

Virginia ....................................... 4,049,700 3,681,600 -368,100 -9.1

Washington ................................. 3,461,200 3,052,700 -408,500 -11.8

West Virginia............................... 722,200 630,800 -91,400 -12.7

Wisconsin.................................... 2,980,700 2,593,000 -387,700 -13.0

Wyoming..................................... 290,500 263,600 -26,900 -9.3

p

 = preliminary.

State Over-the-year change p
Technical Note

This news release presents civilian labor force and 

unemployment data for states and selected substate areas from 

the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program 

(tables 1 and 2). Also presented are nonfarm payroll

employment estimates by state and industry supersector from 

the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 

4). The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state 

cooperative endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment—from the 

LAUS program 

 Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment 

data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those 

used for the official national estimates obtained from the 

Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of 

households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics 

(BLS) by the U.S. Census Bureau. The LAUS program 

measures employed people and unemployed people on a placeof-residence basis. The universe for each is the civilian 

noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. 

Employed people are those who did any work at all for pay or 

profit in the reference week (typically the week including the 

12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in 

a family business or farm, plus those not working who had a job 

from which they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, 

for such reasons as bad weather, labor-management dispute, 

illness, or vacation. 

 Unemployed people are those who were not employed during 

the reference week (based on the definition above), had actively 

looked for a job sometime in the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week, and were currently available for work; people

on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be 

counted as unemployed. The civilian labor force is the sum of 

employed and unemployed people. The unemployment rate is 

the number of unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor 

force.

 Method of estimation. Estimates for 48 states, the District 

of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale 

metropolitan division, New York City, and the balances of 

California and New York State are produced using time-series 

models. This method, which underwent substantial 

enhancement at the beginning of 2015, utilizes data from 

several sources, including the CPS, the CES, and state 

unemployment insurance (UI) programs. Estimates for the state 

of California are derived by summing the estimates for the Los 

Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale metropolitan division and the 

balance of California. Similarly, estimates for New York State

are derived by summing the estimates for New York City and 

the balance of New York State. Estimates for the five additional 

substate areas contained in this release (the Cleveland-Elyria 

and Detroit-Warren-Dearborn metropolitan areas and the 

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, Miami-Miami BeachKendall, and Seattle-Bellevue-Everett metropolitan divisions) 

and their respective balances of state are produced using a 

similar model-based approach.

 Each month, estimates for the nine census divisions first are

modeled using inputs from the CPS only and controlled to the 

national totals. State estimates then are controlled to their 

respective census division totals. Substate and balance-of-state 

estimates for the five areas noted above also are controlled to 

their respective state totals. This tiered process of controlling 

model-based estimates to the U.S. totals is called real-time 

benchmarking. Estimates for Puerto Rico are derived from a 

monthly household survey similar to the CPS. A more detailed 

description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS 

upon request.

 Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment 

data for prior years reflect adjustments made after the end of 

each year. The adjusted estimates reflect updated population 

data from the U.S. Census Bureau, any revisions in the other 

data sources, and model re-estimation. In most years, historical 

data for the most recent five years are revised near the 

beginning of each calendar year, prior to the release of January 

estimates. With the introduction of a new generation of timesseries models in early 2015, historical data were re-estimated 

back to the series beginnings in 1976, 1990, or 1994.

 Seasonal adjustment. The LAUS models decompose the 

estimates of employed and unemployed people into trend, 

seasonal, and irregular components. The benchmarked signals 

of employed and unemployed people first are adjusted using an 

X-11 type of seasonal adjustment filter. The adjusted data then 

are smoothed using a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space 

(RKHS) filter. The smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates of 

employed and unemployed people are summed to derive the 

civilian labor force, and the unemployment rate then is 

calculated as the unemployed percent of the civilian labor force. 

The resulting smoothed-seasonally adjusted unemployment 

rate estimates are analyzed in this news release and published 

on the BLS website. 

 During estimation for the current year, the smoothedseasonally adjusted estimates for a given month are created 

using an asymmetric filter that incorporates information from 

previous observations only. For annual revisions, historical data 

are smoothed using a two-sided filter.

 Area definitions. The substate area data published in this 

release reflect the delineations that were issued by the U.S. 

Office of Management and Budget on April 10, 2018. A 

detailed list of the geographic definitions is available online at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. 

Employment—from the CES program

 Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on 

establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of the pay 

period that includes the 12th of the month. Persons are counted 

at their place of work rather than at their place of residence; 

those appearing on more than one payroll are counted on each 

payroll. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal 

activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North 

American Industry Classification System. 

 Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment

data are produced using several estimation procedures. Where 
possible these data are produced using a "weighted link 

relative" estimation technique in which a ratio of current month 

weighted employment to that of the previous-month weighted 

employment is computed from a sample of establishments 

reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the 

current month are then obtained by multiplying these ratios by 

the previous month’s employment estimates. The weighted link 

relative technique is utilized for data series where the sample 

size meets certain statistical criteria. 

 For some employment series, the sample of establishments is 

very small or highly variable. In these cases, a model-based 

approach is used in estimation. These models use the direct 

sample estimates (described above), combined with forecasts of 

historical (benchmarked) data to decrease volatility in 

estimation. Two different models (Fay-Herriot Model and 

Small Domain Model) are used depending on the industry level 

being estimated. For more detailed information about each 

model, refer to the BLS Handbook of Methods.

 Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted 

annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks, 

derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by 

employers who are covered under state unemployment 

insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to 

adjust the monthly estimates between the new benchmark and 

the preceding one and also to establish the level of employment 

for the new benchmark month. Thus, the benchmarking process 

establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used to 

measure the month-to-month changes in the level for the 

subsequent months. Information on recent benchmark revisions 

is available online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/benchmark.pdf.

 Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are 

seasonally adjusted at the statewide expanded supersector level. 

In some cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total 

is computed by aggregating the independently adjusted 

supersector series. In other cases, the seasonally adjusted 

payroll employment total is independently adjusted. Revisions 

to historical data for the most recent five years are made once a 

year, coincident with annual benchmark adjustments.

 Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted 

concurrently, using all available estimates including those for 

the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors.

Concurrent sample-based factors are created every month for 

the current month’s preliminary estimate as well as the previous 

month’s final estimate in order to incorporate real-time 

estimates. 

 Caution on aggregating state data. State estimation 

procedures are designed to produce accurate data for each 

individual state. BLS independently develops a national 

employment series; state estimates are not forced to sum to 

national totals. Because each state series is subject to larger 

sampling and nonsampling errors than the national series, 

summing them cumulates individual state-level errors and can 

cause significant distortions at an aggregate level. Due to these 

statistical limitations, BLS does not compile a "sum-of-states" 

employment series, and cautions users that such a series is 

subject to a relatively large and volatile error structure.

Reliability of the estimates

 The estimates presented in this release are based on sample 

surveys, administrative data, and modeling and, thus, are 

subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error is 

a measure of sampling variability—that is, variation that occurs 

by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is 

surveyed. Survey data also are subject to nonsampling errors, 

such as those which can be introduced into the data collection 

and processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from 

sample surveys are subject to additional errors resulting from 

the specific estimation processes used.

 Use of error measures. Changes in state unemployment 

rates and state nonfarm payroll employment are cited in the 

analysis of this release only if they have been determined to be 

statistically significant at the 90-percent confidence level. 

Furthermore, state unemployment rates for the current month 

generally are cited only if they have been determined to be 

significantly different from the U.S. rate at the 90-percent 

confidence level. The underlying model-based standard error 

measures for unemployment rates and over-the-month and 

over-the-year changes in rates are available at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lastderr.htm. The underlying standard error 

measures for over-the-month and over-the-year changes in state 

payroll employment data at the total nonfarm and supersector 

levels are available at www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. 

Measures of nonsampling error are not available.

Additional information

 Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment from the 

LAUS program, as well as nonfarm payroll employment from 

the CES program, for metropolitan areas and metropolitan 

divisions are available in the news release Metropolitan Area 

Employment and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor 

force, employed people, unemployed people, and 

unemployment rates for approximately 7,500 subnational areas 

are available online at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data 

from the CES program for states and metropolitan areas are 

available online at www.bls.gov/sae/. Information in this 

release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals 

upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay 

Service: (800) 877-8339.
LABOR FORCE DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, seasonally adjusted

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

May

2019

Mar.

2020

Apr.

2020

May

2020p

Number Percent of labor force

May

2019

Mar.

2020

Apr.

2020

May

2020p

May

2019

Mar.

2020

Apr.

2020

May

2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,236,013 2,218,590 2,198,485 2,246,087 68,057 67,004 302,535 221,811 3.0 3.0 13.8 9.9

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348,202 344,266 339,224 333,087 21,428 18,015 45,776 42,042 6.2 5.2 13.5 12.6

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,526,522 3,578,637 3,543,717 3,546,512 168,806 219,151 473,766 316,436 4.8 6.1 13.4 8.9

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,360,506 1,386,469 1,309,681 1,343,396 48,219 69,728 140,898 128,235 3.5 5.0 10.8 9.5

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,338,261 19,167,967 18,582,743 18,496,968 792,799 1,052,163 3,043,334 3,018,224 4.1 5.5 16.4 16.3

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale1. . . . 5,093,741 4,982,454 4,753,124 4,729,307 227,120 336,214 989,145 989,192 4.5 6.7 20.8 20.9

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,133,013 3,136,533 3,054,771 3,063,170 88,350 164,027 373,643 312,426 2.8 5.2 12.2 10.2

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,902,550 1,930,836 1,776,603 1,770,552 69,612 65,620 147,338 166,338 3.7 3.4 8.3 9.4

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486,431 477,377 463,508 472,491 17,882 23,764 69,285 74,838 3.7 5.0 14.9 15.8

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409,126 420,505 402,453 387,528 22,634 25,431 46,998 34,303 5.5 6.0 11.7 8.9

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,274,886 10,331,185 9,472,243 9,709,127 330,948 457,308 1,305,832 1,412,370 3.2 4.4 13.8 14.5

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall1. . . . . . . . . . . 1,376,373 1,330,298 1,219,459 1,215,016 35,081 49,210 125,407 131,695 2.5 3.7 10.3 10.8

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,086,318 5,156,973 4,894,396 4,900,139 180,925 239,219 614,472 475,338 3.6 4.6 12.6 9.7

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 662,531 665,727 633,724 633,873 18,178 15,957 150,910 143,172 2.7 2.4 23.8 22.6

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 879,122 894,632 885,844 883,658 25,872 21,974 104,291 79,015 2.9 2.5 11.8 8.9

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,447,045 6,294,250 6,123,362 6,286,823 264,612 264,127 1,050,375 955,124 4.1 4.2 17.2 15.2

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights1. . . 3,721,531 3,752,451 3,619,426 3,709,342 143,244 187,141 572,182 567,951 3.8 5.0 15.8 15.3

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,376,225 3,277,678 3,226,630 3,337,410 112,991 99,892 565,822 408,919 3.3 3.0 17.5 12.3

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,730,994 1,722,018 1,712,643 1,688,110 47,144 56,574 188,007 168,081 2.7 3.3 11.0 10.0

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,482,972 1,508,551 1,503,506 1,505,260 46,483 42,644 179,494 150,561 3.1 2.8 11.9 10.0

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,066,550 2,066,275 2,052,263 2,030,556 88,634 107,953 339,737 222,668 4.3 5.2 16.6 11.0

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,086,757 2,126,568 1,931,888 2,046,501 93,562 141,641 291,286 273,200 4.5 6.7 15.1 13.3

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 691,074 695,329 658,950 665,288 20,672 21,047 68,803 62,103 3.0 3.0 10.4 9.3

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,254,239 3,284,708 3,112,390 3,112,630 119,049 109,315 315,798 308,388 3.7 3.3 10.1 9.9

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,802,246 3,771,967 3,406,875 3,530,068 112,148 106,920 552,934 576,132 2.9 2.8 16.2 16.3

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,930,397 4,902,508 4,591,520 4,751,268 209,368 208,831 1,102,500 1,006,420 4.2 4.3 24.0 21.2

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,157,278 2,171,238 1,929,099 1,935,772 97,387 99,147 414,492 448,564 4.5 4.6 21.5 23.2

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,101,106 3,094,328 3,066,464 3,067,999 99,100 88,826 266,971 302,741 3.2 2.9 8.7 9.9

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,273,240 1,267,089 1,197,893 1,209,240 68,448 64,286 195,429 128,490 5.4 5.1 16.3 10.6

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,066,057 3,145,755 3,029,038 3,012,321 96,429 121,587 308,494 303,259 3.1 3.9 10.2 10.1

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 532,100 538,777 520,588 522,054 18,431 19,218 62,181 46,866 3.5 3.6 11.9 9.0

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,033,738 1,062,553 1,059,547 1,053,208 32,104 42,628 92,638 54,879 3.1 4.0 8.7 5.2

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,538,795 1,566,217 1,429,095 1,384,734 61,424 107,760 429,746 350,822 4.0 6.9 30.1 25.3

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 772,447 766,087 719,443 726,223 19,599 18,108 123,131 105,589 2.5 2.4 17.1 14.5

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,459,791 4,588,196 4,483,327 4,522,069 147,084 168,368 731,905 688,921 3.3 3.7 16.3 15.2

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 951,670 968,682 916,510 905,039 46,813 61,054 108,706 83,139 4.9 6.3 11.9 9.2

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,483,005 9,411,433 9,084,012 9,089,667 376,947 388,738 1,392,274 1,315,995 4.0 4.1 15.3 14.5

New York City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,069,209 3,944,212 3,738,815 3,670,470 166,068 160,306 560,073 671,304 4.1 4.1 15.0 18.3

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,067,558 4,971,240 4,687,926 4,822,101 204,202 215,700 605,692 621,713 4.0 4.3 12.9 12.9

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403,494 405,729 406,657 402,221 9,624 8,125 36,905 36,418 2.4 2.0 9.1 9.1

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,789,490 5,776,221 5,672,068 5,743,971 236,756 334,454 999,218 788,338 4.1 5.8 17.6 13.7

Cleveland-Elyria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,040,938 1,009,700 993,218 1,046,152 41,806 70,483 200,318 177,225 4.0 7.0 20.2 16.9

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,837,778 1,829,828 1,776,346 1,820,958 58,774 53,727 261,299 229,039 3.2 2.9 14.7 12.6

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,102,670 2,110,900 2,110,693 2,119,844 82,500 72,890 314,012 300,669 3.9 3.5 14.9 14.2

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,454,236 6,542,916 6,447,477 6,470,350 270,290 379,490 1,037,087 849,042 4.2 5.8 16.1 13.1

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 554,268 565,163 529,069 522,179 20,056 26,460 95,779 84,906 3.6 4.7 18.1 16.3

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,371,610 2,405,171 2,376,830 2,421,793 73,858 76,369 303,360 303,218 3.1 3.2 12.8 12.5

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462,916 468,175 470,300 464,428 15,140 14,297 51,276 43,818 3.3 3.1 10.9 9.4

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,334,950 3,375,134 3,222,468 3,301,431 115,428 112,742 499,621 374,635 3.5 3.3 15.5 11.3

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,964,638 14,004,479 12,960,683 13,497,756 480,692 715,827 1,744,022 1,753,114 3.4 5.1 13.5 13.0

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,600,547 1,625,383 1,600,601 1,610,853 42,789 62,448 166,294 137,254 2.7 3.8 10.4 8.5

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343,025 340,607 350,944 343,199 8,055 10,523 57,905 43,744 2.3 3.1 16.5 12.7

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,390,760 4,439,350 4,314,050 4,319,833 124,323 145,294 482,111 403,967 2.8 3.3 11.2 9.4

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,898,166 3,890,678 3,963,317 3,943,501 170,790 198,560 645,110 594,342 4.4 5.1 16.3 15.1

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,723,517 1,709,383 1,714,064 1,705,626 50,327 95,851 247,859 246,337 2.9 5.6 14.5 14.4

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 793,046 823,300 776,722 779,609 37,484 49,712 123,839 100,440 4.7 6.0 15.9 12.9

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,100,758 3,088,813 3,048,647 3,096,754 103,015 96,325 415,557 371,834 3.3 3.1 13.6 12.0

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292,132 295,500 296,644 294,598 10,350 11,198 28,343 25,917 3.5 3.8 9.6 8.8

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,091,465 – – – 87,662 – – – 8.0 – – –

1 Metropolitan division.

2 Metropolitan statistical area.

p Preliminary

– Data not available

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management

and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following

month.
LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, not seasonally adjusted

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

April May Number Percent of labor force

2019 2020 2019 2020p

April May April May

2019 2020 2019 2020p 2019 2020 2019 2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,235,992 2,196,340 2,232,314 2,241,200 58,992 290,604 55,339 210,750 2.6 13.2 2.5 9.4

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343,620 334,391 348,619 333,842 21,609 45,960 21,029 41,667 6.3 13.7 6.0 12.5

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,504,642 3,534,894 3,514,657 3,535,642 157,118 464,122 161,415 309,001 4.5 13.1 4.6 8.7

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,359,511 1,309,020 1,363,674 1,347,400 41,249 134,683 45,702 125,990 3.0 10.3 3.4 9.4

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,238,934 18,518,277 19,261,786 18,405,776 733,781 2,993,792 694,948 2,921,159 3.8 16.2 3.6 15.9

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale1. . . . 5,077,081 4,756,891 5,074,586 4,707,660 205,882 969,334 207,914 970,058 4.1 20.4 4.1 20.6

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,109,558 3,039,495 3,119,482 3,049,684 85,675 369,691 80,659 305,613 2.8 12.2 2.6 10.0

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,886,447 1,761,222 1,905,616 1,771,587 62,637 141,698 67,905 164,152 3.3 8.0 3.6 9.3

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486,111 462,965 484,877 470,988 16,882 68,460 16,258 73,024 3.5 14.8 3.4 15.5

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409,186 403,629 408,260 386,642 20,741 44,790 21,301 32,864 5.1 11.1 5.2 8.5

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,229,389 9,442,006 10,297,648 9,730,795 298,056 1,274,185 310,611 1,394,645 2.9 13.5 3.0 14.3

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall1. . . . . . . . . . . 1,383,594 1,213,833 1,374,809 1,212,569 34,190 143,445 33,538 136,825 2.5 11.8 2.4 11.3

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,064,999 4,880,560 5,085,861 4,900,874 158,519 594,420 168,072 464,678 3.1 12.2 3.3 9.5

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 663,211 634,102 660,719 631,606 17,225 149,901 17,075 141,832 2.6 23.6 2.6 22.5

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 872,118 881,168 879,900 884,204 25,898 104,533 22,733 75,893 3.0 11.9 2.6 8.6

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,413,186 6,090,530 6,416,363 6,265,841 234,005 1,021,001 222,493 920,610 3.6 16.8 3.5 14.7

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights1. . . 3,699,535 3,619,642 3,694,475 3,703,922 130,568 631,744 123,584 570,075 3.5 17.5 3.3 15.4

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,373,458 3,220,384 3,382,235 3,345,747 96,412 547,911 99,835 396,808 2.9 17.0 3.0 11.9

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,724,077 1,709,966 1,726,212 1,681,811 42,760 184,635 41,050 162,693 2.5 10.8 2.4 9.7

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,473,233 1,496,570 1,475,384 1,498,065 41,220 174,577 44,053 147,268 2.8 11.7 3.0 9.8

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,063,511 2,054,250 2,074,273 2,040,012 80,609 333,569 86,279 222,010 3.9 16.2 4.2 10.9

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,082,577 1,929,961 2,085,409 2,041,451 78,569 280,620 89,769 266,657 3.8 14.5 4.3 13.1

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 685,039 652,223 688,088 662,027 22,976 70,464 20,644 61,914 3.4 10.8 3.0 9.4

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,226,095 3,089,838 3,244,597 3,103,222 103,809 302,569 111,054 300,245 3.2 9.8 3.4 9.7

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,784,300 3,387,179 3,790,731 3,514,873 103,672 543,130 109,174 572,513 2.7 16.0 2.9 16.3

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,884,834 4,553,132 4,923,525 4,753,935 179,338 1,076,470 184,604 985,423 3.7 23.6 3.7 20.7

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,124,913 1,901,828 2,139,667 1,930,669 78,881 460,509 82,283 457,525 3.7 24.2 3.8 23.7

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,085,711 3,053,423 3,094,150 3,060,535 94,899 263,224 83,114 286,934 3.1 8.6 2.7 9.4

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,267,432 1,194,015 1,277,185 1,213,027 60,185 187,779 67,760 127,805 4.7 15.7 5.3 10.5

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,060,323 3,030,512 3,072,393 3,013,983 82,667 297,480 91,760 295,268 2.7 9.8 3.0 9.8

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528,624 518,037 532,019 522,050 17,703 61,588 15,197 44,176 3.3 11.9 2.9 8.5

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,031,872 1,058,900 1,037,150 1,056,413 30,397 91,239 30,785 53,561 2.9 8.6 3.0 5.1

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,531,684 1,425,549 1,538,540 1,384,397 59,974 428,703 59,063 348,602 3.9 30.1 3.8 25.2

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765,976 713,750 768,801 722,492 19,243 122,865 18,515 104,528 2.5 17.2 2.4 14.5

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,422,942 4,454,525 4,443,339 4,505,921 124,804 710,317 133,039 673,248 2.8 15.9 3.0 14.9

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 944,960 911,148 944,675 898,438 41,959 104,090 42,160 78,815 4.4 11.4 4.5 8.8

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,449,425 9,039,687 9,457,173 9,063,361 342,246 1,364,458 345,064 1,289,082 3.6 15.1 3.6 14.2

New York City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,062,716 3,731,117 4,052,502 3,655,505 150,740 546,923 154,968 663,500 3.7 14.7 3.8 18.2

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,050,492 4,683,309 5,081,718 4,841,906 178,912 585,170 196,440 617,073 3.5 12.5 3.9 12.7

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401,447 405,037 404,896 403,634 9,963 37,311 8,303 34,855 2.5 9.2 2.1 8.6

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,752,958 5,652,649 5,781,125 5,747,599 202,345 977,318 213,510 768,392 3.5 17.3 3.7 13.4

Cleveland-Elyria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,041,403 1,003,673 1,035,875 1,041,377 37,502 225,213 39,603 178,467 3.6 22.4 3.8 17.1

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,828,940 1,768,046 1,836,265 1,818,696 50,819 253,592 58,531 228,467 2.8 14.3 3.2 12.6

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,092,686 2,101,238 2,092,575 2,110,532 80,230 311,651 71,990 291,933 3.8 14.8 3.4 13.8

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,400,636 6,402,435 6,447,401 6,462,626 226,869 999,618 258,627 834,558 3.5 15.6 4.0 12.9

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 548,414 523,359 550,312 518,556 17,630 93,510 18,150 82,910 3.2 17.9 3.3 16.0

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,363,633 2,370,275 2,377,726 2,427,358 60,382 289,022 64,906 295,316 2.6 12.2 2.7 12.2

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460,099 467,575 462,992 464,600 15,271 51,348 14,197 42,821 3.3 11.0 3.1 9.2

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,323,559 3,219,243 3,336,509 3,303,771 96,887 482,906 104,130 362,833 2.9 15.0 3.1 11.0

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,922,611 12,953,286 13,926,760 13,462,785 417,640 1,693,762 435,592 1,710,623 3.0 13.1 3.1 12.7

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,590,603 1,593,900 1,599,711 1,609,113 42,102 165,215 41,197 135,782 2.6 10.4 2.6 8.4

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340,621 347,808 341,657 341,620 8,649 58,413 7,493 43,065 2.5 16.8 2.2 12.6

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,380,461 4,312,563 4,401,947 4,332,115 106,476 464,883 118,238 397,994 2.4 10.8 2.7 9.2

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,875,503 3,948,775 3,888,371 3,936,502 160,332 634,546 158,985 583,007 4.1 16.1 4.1 14.8

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,716,736 1,710,760 1,723,907 1,703,919 40,918 274,615 47,034 252,314 2.4 16.1 2.7 14.8

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 789,799 775,460 794,398 780,855 35,643 122,366 35,373 97,429 4.5 15.8 4.5 12.5

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,082,421 3,029,571 3,085,969 3,081,769 97,631 411,689 94,828 361,778 3.2 13.6 3.1 11.7

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288,723 293,713 290,120 292,808 9,980 28,237 9,616 25,374 3.5 9.6 3.3 8.7

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,081,928 – 1,091,373 – 84,380 – 84,550 – 7.8 – 7.7 –

1 Metropolitan division.

2 Metropolitan statistical area.

p Preliminary

– Data not available

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management

and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following

month.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

State

Total1 Construction Manufacturing

May

2019

Mar.

2020

Apr.

2020

May

2020p

May

2019

Mar.

2020

Apr.

2020

May

2020p

May

2019

Mar.

2020

Apr.

2020

May

2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,068.8 2,076.6 1,865.8 1,908.0 93.5 94.3 89.4 91.6 268.4 273.1 248.3 253.9

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328.5 325.7 281.3 287.8 16.7 16.4 13.3 14.3 12.8 11.6 10.8 11.0

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,923.0 2,964.5 2,691.8 2,756.0 170.1 172.7 169.4 172.4 176.8 177.0 170.4 167.8

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,275.2 1,272.0 1,162.8 1,184.2 52.1 54.5 52.9 53.4 162.5 158.8 144.2 143.8

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,387.7 17,394.0 14,979.0 15,120.6 883.2 878.5 746.9 821.9 1,325.7 1,303.7 1,181.9 1,199.0

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,776.1 2,796.9 2,471.1 2,539.9 178.2 178.8 166.0 171.9 149.7 149.9 138.5 145.0

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,685.4 1,677.4 1,408.2 1,434.0 59.8 60.2 50.2 53.4 162.2 162.8 151.0 153.4

Delaware2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465.0 465.3 387.9 392.3 22.9 23.0 20.2 20.6 27.2 26.8 23.5 23.9

District of Columbia2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 796.2 801.2 738.3 729.2 14.9 14.7 13.5 13.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,926.8 8,976.3 7,893.5 8,076.4 561.5 582.3 559.7 566.4 383.0 389.1 355.4 367.8

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,603.2 4,618.6 4,120.5 4,200.1 203.8 204.8 193.1 197.0 407.4 400.0 358.1 367.8

Hawaii2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654.4 654.3 528.8 522.8 37.1 38.2 37.2 36.5 14.1 14.0 10.6 12.1

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 757.9 767.2 688.7 713.0 52.4 54.8 52.3 54.1 69.0 68.1 67.2 67.8

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,122.4 6,060.9 5,322.3 5,384.5 228.4 223.3 200.3 211.8 587.4 573.9 524.5 539.0

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,172.1 3,147.2 2,743.7 2,831.2 145.8 149.1 134.8 142.7 542.6 527.9 450.3 468.4

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,585.9 1,572.4 1,395.5 1,411.3 78.1 77.0 70.1 69.8 226.2 223.1 212.3 215.2

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,424.5 1,422.9 1,290.2 1,314.4 63.5 66.9 61.4 63.6 167.8 168.5 156.2 158.0

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,938.0 1,926.9 1,620.7 1,651.1 80.1 80.0 73.5 76.6 252.3 251.3 196.8 210.1

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,991.2 1,960.7 1,722.4 1,755.2 142.8 138.3 119.8 125.6 137.7 135.6 127.0 128.2

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 634.4 630.1 532.8 547.1 29.7 29.8 28.7 29.4 53.0 53.6 45.3 49.4

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,768.3 2,766.3 2,408.8 2,438.6 165.6 173.2 158.0 162.8 112.5 113.3 100.7 104.4

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,685.7 3,668.8 3,022.1 3,080.7 162.0 161.8 105.4 122.8 244.1 243.3 218.8 223.9

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,429.3 4,422.8 3,401.1 3,579.3 172.1 178.5 98.2 148.7 627.2 618.6 442.9 476.6

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,981.2 2,949.8 2,589.8 2,599.6 129.1 125.1 114.5 121.6 324.3 321.7 300.0 298.8

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,158.0 1,154.7 1,040.8 1,070.9 44.1 42.2 41.1 41.2 146.6 147.6 136.7 139.2

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,900.0 2,878.1 2,566.7 2,616.4 126.2 128.9 117.3 125.6 276.9 274.6 241.6 250.2

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483.7 488.6 425.1 442.1 29.6 31.4 29.7 30.5 21.0 20.3 17.9 18.6

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,026.0 1,030.0 945.4 953.2 53.4 55.3 54.4 54.9 99.7 99.4 96.9 96.8

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,417.0 1,404.6 1,139.0 1,171.7 95.6 103.3 94.7 98.9 59.3 58.9 57.3 58.7

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 683.5 680.3 572.0 583.6 27.6 29.3 26.2 27.3 71.7 71.0 65.5 66.9

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,186.9 4,166.8 3,410.6 3,497.4 159.4 166.2 121.9 136.0 251.9 253.0 216.6 235.1

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 852.1 862.1 762.3 767.8 49.2 54.4 49.3 50.6 28.5 28.7 23.4 24.7

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,794.4 9,723.1 7,902.4 8,000.4 406.2 407.0 243.2 300.9 441.2 437.5 358.1 371.0

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,568.1 4,567.7 3,996.2 4,063.3 231.0 231.5 218.6 218.2 477.5 472.7 424.1 429.4

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439.6 439.3 396.5 398.0 28.0 29.3 27.9 27.7 26.5 25.8 25.1 25.1

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,588.7 5,539.1 4,704.0 4,831.1 225.8 227.2 188.5 207.7 702.8 698.1 602.9 621.9

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,702.9 1,686.9 1,556.5 1,579.0 82.5 80.8 75.0 76.1 141.5 135.6 131.5 129.8

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,938.1 1,942.5 1,689.7 1,712.2 108.7 111.5 99.8 105.4 198.5 194.7 183.4 178.5

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,055.2 6,038.3 4,993.1 5,191.4 260.3 259.6 158.4 235.8 576.3 573.2 500.9 525.5

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503.3 498.5 410.3 423.4 20.0 20.1 17.7 17.6 39.8 39.4 37.2 37.3

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,182.4 2,197.7 1,921.8 1,989.4 106.3 109.0 102.7 106.6 258.2 258.4 244.9 247.5

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439.6 441.0 402.5 406.5 23.3 24.7 25.3 25.7 45.2 43.7 43.3 42.8

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,114.7 3,147.8 2,755.0 2,848.9 129.8 129.0 125.5 126.3 355.6 351.7 289.4 309.7

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,760.3 12,926.9 11,604.7 11,842.5 769.7 791.5 729.3 742.5 906.1 906.2 863.7 869.2

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,558.2 1,582.7 1,442.8 1,483.2 108.6 113.0 111.5 116.8 137.1 135.8 133.5 134.5

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315.6 309.4 245.8 261.5 15.3 14.7 7.6 11.3 29.9 29.4 21.9 26.0

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,049.7 4,067.4 3,661.8 3,681.6 203.1 203.4 197.3 200.0 243.9 240.1 229.9 228.6

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,461.2 3,495.4 2,966.8 3,052.7 219.9 228.8 148.3 196.0 293.9 291.5 262.5 270.7

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 722.2 709.5 617.5 630.8 37.1 32.9 29.1 31.5 47.2 46.3 43.8 45.5

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,980.7 2,967.8 2,518.1 2,593.0 124.0 127.5 115.6 117.8 484.6 482.9 444.5 453.9

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290.5 286.6 262.4 263.6 22.6 22.0 21.6 22.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.2

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 877.3 884.9 765.4 781.9 26.6 25.3 14.9 16.8 75.0 74.9 69.8 71.5

Virgin Islands3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.8 38.3 35.7 36.4 3.5 4.0 3.9 4.0 – – – –

1

Includes mining and logging, information, and other services (except public administration), not shown separately.

2 Mining and logging is combined with construction.

3 Missing series (denoted by ’-’) are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components,

cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2019 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued

[In thousands]

State

Trade, transportation, and utilities Financial activities Professional and business services

May

2019

Mar.

2020

Apr.

2020

May

2020p

May

2019

Mar.

2020

Apr.

2020

May

2020p

May

2019

Mar.

2020

Apr.

2020

May

2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382.7 382.8 367.3 371.4 96.2 96.1 93.5 94.9 250.6 250.8 219.3 223.0

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.3 65.9 60.1 59.1 11.7 11.6 11.0 11.3 27.6 27.3 25.4 26.0

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541.2 554.6 522.6 531.6 228.9 230.6 229.9 230.1 441.5 445.0 410.0 410.6

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252.0 252.8 242.2 245.2 62.7 62.1 61.2 61.2 144.9 147.8 137.3 139.0

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,048.3 3,055.0 2,659.4 2,672.2 838.1 852.9 826.8 827.0 2,715.5 2,718.9 2,483.6 2,507.1

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475.2 477.5 437.1 439.1 173.3 175.7 168.8 172.3 437.2 453.2 427.8 433.0

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291.0 291.8 240.9 246.0 123.6 123.0 119.8 118.7 219.2 224.1 196.2 199.6

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.0 82.7 69.0 69.7 47.8 47.3 46.9 46.6 63.2 64.9 56.0 57.4

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.3 34.4 29.9 29.2 29.8 29.9 29.4 29.6 170.3 174.4 170.0 164.9

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,797.9 1,816.1 1,655.8 1,674.1 588.9 596.9 573.0 572.8 1,387.4 1,398.0 1,258.2 1,282.9

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 942.5 953.3 906.2 907.6 249.9 251.9 238.8 243.9 717.9 708.0 641.0 649.3

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.6 122.3 104.0 102.3 29.9 29.4 27.7 27.5 73.5 74.1 64.2 65.5

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.8 147.2 139.5 142.1 36.7 37.3 37.3 37.7 96.2 99.5 95.2 94.6

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,205.2 1,195.8 1,100.5 1,103.1 410.7 410.6 402.4 402.1 947.9 921.3 835.7 851.8

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600.2 598.9 553.7 562.5 141.6 141.6 138.8 139.1 345.6 342.0 305.1 306.8

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310.4 307.4 287.9 289.1 110.0 110.5 107.8 107.8 139.4 136.3 123.8 125.4

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267.2 266.7 254.0 258.4 77.3 77.3 76.6 75.9 179.3 177.4 167.2 166.6

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403.8 396.6 352.0 354.4 93.4 92.7 86.7 87.0 215.3 219.8 175.3 173.7

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380.0 375.9 339.1 340.0 92.2 92.7 88.7 90.2 216.6 213.0 194.6 197.1

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.6 117.5 103.5 108.2 32.7 33.3 32.5 31.6 69.3 67.3 61.6 63.0

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468.3 471.6 411.4 411.9 143.7 143.2 134.6 138.2 462.3 468.3 427.8 436.8

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 578.5 577.3 458.6 465.3 223.8 226.4 219.9 221.3 600.6 604.0 554.7 562.7

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 794.4 804.7 641.8 691.8 223.3 229.5 215.4 217.3 653.3 655.4 510.0 530.2

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530.0 526.6 488.4 490.8 192.9 190.5 186.8 186.4 384.9 380.7 358.1 360.3

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231.6 230.8 215.6 222.0 44.7 44.1 42.9 43.0 109.2 106.0 94.9 99.4

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 542.7 540.3 490.9 499.0 174.9 175.3 171.1 171.3 381.9 384.6 353.5 352.0

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.2 95.5 87.6 89.3 25.8 27.6 26.3 26.0 43.0 44.4 40.9 41.1

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198.5 196.4 183.7 186.1 75.1 75.9 75.4 74.9 119.5 121.1 112.8 112.9

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260.8 254.6 213.9 217.4 68.6 68.4 66.3 67.3 194.4 197.8 157.9 156.9

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139.3 139.5 118.4 116.7 34.9 34.7 34.0 34.0 83.3 83.9 75.3 75.3

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 884.4 889.8 737.4 754.1 252.6 250.6 237.6 237.8 683.2 680.2 592.1 597.9

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.7 138.6 126.1 126.1 35.5 35.8 32.8 33.6 110.8 110.9 104.2 102.7

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,555.3 1,536.1 1,188.9 1,228.6 728.9 707.3 692.6 690.6 1,373.8 1,391.8 1,177.3 1,178.9

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 847.4 841.1 771.6 788.8 250.9 259.9 251.3 252.2 648.2 646.4 593.0 602.7

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.9 93.0 86.5 86.9 24.7 25.3 25.1 24.9 32.8 33.0 32.0 32.0

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,023.0 1,018.6 900.5 931.9 309.5 306.1 293.5 295.5 737.0 729.2 631.6 643.5

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300.7 302.9 287.1 290.1 79.6 79.2 78.4 78.6 194.4 190.4 169.7 175.3

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356.1 358.2 329.7 335.6 103.0 103.6 97.4 97.7 253.3 254.4 234.7 234.1

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,123.7 1,129.1 940.5 971.3 329.4 336.1 326.5 327.7 814.5 815.4 732.3 735.9

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.8 78.1 65.5 67.2 35.3 35.6 33.8 34.2 68.1 67.3 57.3 59.5

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407.2 408.7 376.6 387.2 104.4 103.4 100.0 102.4 297.8 303.8 264.9 270.5

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.0 85.9 79.7 79.8 29.0 29.0 29.0 28.9 33.1 33.5 33.2 33.2

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637.2 652.0 608.7 615.3 171.9 176.9 172.7 169.3 424.5 429.7 384.5 388.1

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,504.9 2,541.6 2,354.6 2,375.3 798.8 816.2 798.3 799.5 1,786.3 1,835.8 1,692.2 1,711.0

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290.5 296.3 275.0 282.8 89.8 91.2 86.0 90.5 223.5 224.7 214.5 214.4

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.9 52.9 42.8 45.6 12.3 12.0 11.2 11.3 28.8 29.0 24.8 26.0

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 659.1 660.8 602.0 606.3 211.7 219.3 213.7 213.0 765.4 773.9 728.3 738.5

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 642.0 653.3 589.7 596.1 160.2 159.0 150.9 152.0 433.0 446.6 414.3 420.1

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127.9 125.3 111.2 113.1 29.2 29.3 26.9 27.1 69.1 68.2 63.1 62.8

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534.8 531.3 471.6 486.1 154.4 154.9 150.9 151.2 326.7 319.5 286.1 293.5

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.0 52.0 49.9 50.8 11.2 11.3 11.0 10.8 19.2 18.3 17.4 18.0

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174.0 173.8 132.1 143.7 43.9 44.8 43.6 43.3 123.3 121.1 105.4 104.8

Virgin Islands1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 7.0 6.2 6.3 – – – – – – – –

1 Missing series (denoted by ’-’) are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular

components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2019 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued

[In thousands]

State

Education and health services Leisure and hospitality Government

May

2019

Mar.

2020

Apr.

2020

May

2020p

May

2019

Mar.

2020

Apr.

2020

May

2020p

May

2019

Mar.

2020

Apr.

2020

May

2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247.6 249.1 220.6 231.1 208.5 205.5 123.1 144.4 390.4 395.6 388.7 377.3

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.8 50.0 44.6 45.8 36.0 34.4 17.9 21.9 79.0 79.4 73.0 70.9

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458.3 474.4 435.8 443.8 328.8 325.7 201.2 241.6 421.7 426.5 415.1 411.9

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192.7 194.4 175.0 184.1 119.8 115.6 77.4 89.2 211.4 210.5 203.8 199.4

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,793.7 2,828.5 2,525.9 2,570.6 2,029.2 1,960.4 1,072.9 1,137.7 2,601.0 2,633.5 2,541.8 2,446.0

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345.4 348.6 304.6 327.6 344.1 333.0 184.1 213.8 454.9 464.7 452.2 440.2

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338.1 339.3 296.7 301.3 158.3 144.6 70.0 79.4 235.9 235.1 212.5 207.8

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.0 81.1 68.6 69.6 53.1 49.5 22.6 23.9 66.3 67.9 65.0 63.7

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130.8 128.2 120.8 122.3 81.5 78.6 36.1 32.9 237.4 239.7 239.5 239.6

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,334.6 1,358.5 1,231.2 1,261.3 1,253.0 1,211.5 729.6 792.5 1,120.9 1,130.7 1,108.2 1,105.4

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 604.7 625.1 573.6 581.3 498.1 493.3 284.7 332.1 688.6 689.8 676.3 664.4

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.9 87.6 82.0 82.6 126.2 125.8 57.2 52.7 126.3 127.0 114.3 111.5

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110.4 109.7 93.7 102.9 82.5 82.5 47.9 61.0 126.6 128.8 123.6 119.4

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 936.0 945.7 856.8 857.8 621.4 596.3 306.1 336.2 825.7 835.4 792.8 774.5

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480.5 485.1 430.0 440.7 312.9 302.7 186.4 221.1 434.3 431.8 411.0 408.4

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235.1 233.6 212.5 211.7 143.9 142.2 71.4 89.6 260.9 261.5 239.0 230.6

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201.7 201.7 180.6 188.3 129.1 127.4 79.0 91.9 262.3 260.8 252.4 247.1

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282.2 285.5 250.8 253.8 202.2 194.5 112.4 130.7 311.4 310.9 294.8 282.1

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320.2 314.3 285.1 296.8 237.6 226.7 130.9 145.9 330.9 332.4 322.1 316.5

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.0 128.6 109.8 111.7 69.5 66.7 28.7 34.8 100.9 100.9 96.1 92.0

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473.8 472.5 415.4 424.7 282.8 272.6 151.7 157.2 507.8 504.4 489.7 484.0

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 811.0 813.4 716.8 727.9 376.1 354.3 138.5 150.9 457.5 458.9 429.7 422.6

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 681.1 676.3 567.4 578.5 434.7 416.6 179.7 196.3 613.4 617.1 579.9 566.8

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550.6 544.7 487.0 489.6 274.9 269.2 124.1 137.9 426.6 426.4 400.4 382.7

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146.6 147.9 133.7 134.9 135.4 136.7 87.7 103.9 241.7 241.0 235.7 231.9

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483.9 479.7 462.9 463.2 308.2 290.3 157.5 194.5 436.4 436.5 421.6 406.4

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.7 79.1 71.7 74.0 67.2 66.4 34.8 47.9 91.4 91.5 87.7 85.4

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.4 159.8 148.7 151.1 93.6 92.4 59.1 67.7 173.2 174.0 167.8 160.4

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.4 145.0 128.5 128.3 356.4 338.5 203.6 224.4 164.8 167.1 157.7 157.7

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124.7 123.3 109.0 112.2 73.2 70.2 28.2 33.7 90.3 88.9 82.2 81.5

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715.6 721.0 600.0 603.4 393.9 379.5 145.1 175.6 603.5 587.4 581.0 575.6

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140.3 143.1 131.8 131.1 98.9 95.8 57.6 61.6 186.0 190.4 183.9 184.4

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,138.3 2,155.0 1,905.4 1,912.9 961.0 902.0 342.6 364.1 1,487.9 1,490.9 1,427.7 1,388.4

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 626.6 620.1 553.7 570.4 514.0 512.1 266.8 311.6 731.8 738.3 711.7 676.1

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.3 68.2 64.2 64.6 40.5 39.8 20.9 26.8 82.8 83.5 77.7 75.5

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 940.0 940.5 831.3 848.3 568.5 544.2 278.6 315.2 787.4 781.8 739.9 716.6

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238.2 240.2 226.2 226.2 172.6 167.9 118.5 141.7 352.6 356.9 345.8 340.2

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300.1 302.4 270.4 279.4 213.2 208.4 95.3 111.2 298.3 300.7 287.4 277.5

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,292.8 1,293.4 1,132.6 1,153.5 576.2 553.2 237.5 276.1 704.3 706.9 687.3 683.2

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109.1 108.3 90.9 93.1 60.0 56.5 22.1 29.1 65.0 65.3 64.3 63.9

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257.5 258.3 228.5 237.2 269.0 267.7 139.9 176.2 371.0 377.6 363.2 357.0

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.8 74.3 68.8 69.1 47.1 46.4 28.0 34.0 79.9 80.2 74.1 71.7

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441.3 446.7 408.9 418.1 346.3 352.2 197.1 250.7 437.0 439.3 424.9 418.5

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,734.7 1,768.2 1,596.6 1,648.5 1,387.4 1,370.7 837.4 1,013.8 1,965.3 1,993.6 1,954.3 1,901.1

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208.9 214.6 199.3 202.9 153.5 157.4 87.2 111.8 254.7 257.1 249.2 239.5

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.0 64.6 56.2 58.3 37.4 34.6 14.9 17.4 56.6 57.0 53.4 52.5

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551.7 555.2 493.2 499.4 408.4 402.2 238.4 258.3 728.6 734.5 705.9 685.0

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501.7 505.6 432.3 443.1 347.7 337.3 159.2 191.0 585.2 592.2 563.7 538.7

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.2 129.0 117.1 118.8 75.1 73.7 35.4 44.2 151.8 152.3 142.6 139.7

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463.2 467.5 412.9 421.7 284.8 278.0 121.9 149.4 404.5 406.0 352.1 354.9

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.5 29.1 26.6 27.7 37.0 36.1 24.1 26.5 69.2 68.5 66.8 64.5

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119.1 119.9 114.5 113.9 79.6 82.3 46.9 52.6 201.2 207.9 207.0 202.9

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 5.3 5.4 3.9 4.4 10.5 10.9 11.1 11.2

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2019 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

State

Total Mining and logging Construction

April May April May April May

2019 2020 2019 2020p2019 2020 2019 2020p2019 2020 2019 2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,071.3 1,871.9 2,075.9 1,914.4 10.0 9.8 10.1 9.7 93.6 90.4 93.8 93.3

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322.5 277.4 334.5 292.5 13.2 12.0 13.3 12.5 15.3 12.6 17.1 14.7

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,930.1 2,711.3 2,919.6 2,756.5 13.3 13.0 13.3 13.1 168.8 168.2 170.2 171.7

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,283.2 1,165.3 1,284.0 1,191.2 5.8 5.1 5.9 5.1 52.4 51.8 52.4 53.1

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,352.1 14,988.9 17,415.3 15,145.1 21.9 21.2 22.6 22.7 870.9 744.6 882.2 826.5

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,760.9 2,459.5 2,774.3 2,536.7 29.3 24.5 29.2 24.1 175.6 162.4 178.6 171.5

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,684.4 1,409.3 1,696.0 1,441.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 59.5 49.3 61.2 55.0

Delaware1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464.9 387.8 468.3 395.7 – – – – 23.0 20.1 23.1 20.8

District of Columbia1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 797.7 738.2 793.4 726.2 – – – – 14.8 13.4 15.0 13.7

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,964.2 7,933.0 8,950.3 8,099.2 5.8 5.4 5.8 5.4 558.7 554.7 561.6 566.9

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,598.1 4,123.7 4,613.5 4,210.2 9.4 9.0 9.3 9.0 201.8 193.8 204.4 199.1

Hawaii1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 652.9 528.6 656.2 525.3 – – – – 37.0 36.3 37.0 36.7

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 753.4 685.5 762.7 716.8 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.5 51.1 51.3 53.3 54.8

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,102.1 5,316.7 6,158.2 5,419.7 8.6 7.2 8.7 9.3 224.1 195.4 234.1 217.8

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,167.5 2,751.4 3,193.1 2,847.0 6.0 5.1 6.1 5.3 144.0 134.9 148.1 146.0

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,591.5 1,397.5 1,602.8 1,425.3 2.4 2.2 2.6 2.3 76.6 68.8 81.2 72.7

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,431.3 1,294.7 1,433.7 1,322.7 6.8 6.1 6.8 6.1 65.6 61.7 64.7 64.1

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,935.9 1,625.2 1,948.8 1,661.9 10.5 5.7 10.6 6.9 79.2 73.1 81.2 77.6

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,000.8 1,728.9 2,001.3 1,763.9 37.0 31.3 37.1 30.0 144.7 120.3 144.5 126.0

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623.5 524.6 636.8 548.3 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.6 28.3 26.4 30.5 30.3

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,765.3 2,410.5 2,786.6 2,457.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 164.0 156.8 165.6 162.9

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,674.3 3,017.4 3,710.2 3,094.5 1.0 0.8 1.1 0.8 159.3 102.0 164.6 125.3

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,412.5 3,391.2 4,462.8 3,606.2 7.1 6.7 7.4 5.6 164.0 91.8 177.1 154.0

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,956.8 2,569.3 3,002.7 2,609.7 6.3 6.2 6.7 5.7 117.5 105.4 132.5 124.8

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,159.7 1,042.8 1,161.5 1,074.0 6.9 6.2 6.9 6.2 43.9 40.3 45.0 41.2

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,915.3 2,577.4 2,926.5 2,634.4 4.4 4.2 4.4 4.4 125.7 115.8 127.5 125.7

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478.9 421.1 487.6 445.4 6.9 6.8 7.2 6.7 28.7 28.0 30.7 31.1

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,024.6 944.3 1,036.0 961.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 52.8 53.6 54.8 56.7

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,413.8 1,138.1 1,423.1 1,173.9 14.6 14.2 14.7 15.0 94.5 93.7 95.9 98.2

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 681.2 569.9 689.7 588.1 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 26.8 25.1 28.0 27.2

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,171.5 3,408.7 4,204.4 3,518.0 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 158.4 119.6 161.6 137.6

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 856.8 763.9 858.4 770.3 25.9 20.7 25.9 20.3 48.7 48.8 49.5 50.7

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,784.5 7,895.7 9,829.1 8,048.7 5.2 4.1 5.5 4.5 401.8 236.4 411.3 309.4

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,571.1 4,009.2 4,601.2 4,094.8 5.7 5.5 5.8 5.5 229.8 217.1 231.9 221.2

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436.8 391.6 444.7 401.1 21.3 17.0 21.5 15.1 25.6 24.7 28.8 28.3

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,584.8 4,699.1 5,629.2 4,867.2 12.2 10.3 12.3 10.5 222.4 185.8 231.7 214.3

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,706.3 1,561.5 1,710.3 1,585.3 51.2 38.7 50.4 36.1 81.8 75.0 81.8 75.8

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,935.6 1,690.0 1,948.4 1,719.7 6.8 5.9 7.0 6.0 106.6 97.6 109.0 105.6

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,071.8 5,009.7 6,093.0 5,216.9 29.6 24.7 29.7 25.2 259.6 155.5 266.2 241.1

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502.2 409.5 507.8 426.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 19.8 16.8 20.5 18.0

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,187.1 1,930.1 2,199.6 2,005.6 4.4 4.3 4.5 4.3 106.4 102.9 106.9 107.2

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435.3 398.1 445.7 410.7 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.2 22.0 24.1 24.2 26.5

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,115.5 2,758.7 3,122.4 2,855.4 4.4 4.2 4.5 3.9 129.3 124.3 131.4 126.2

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,728.7 11,608.4 12,788.1 11,879.3 254.7 210.9 254.3 198.2 767.6 728.1 772.5 741.3

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,556.8 1,443.0 1,561.2 1,485.8 9.3 8.9 9.4 9.0 106.6 110.7 109.6 117.6

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314.3 243.7 314.0 258.5 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.8 14.3 6.2 15.7 11.5

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,052.4 3,669.9 4,059.2 3,695.5 8.0 7.4 8.0 7.6 201.5 196.8 204.0 202.0

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,449.7 2,963.5 3,479.0 3,072.0 5.9 4.8 6.0 5.1 216.7 145.8 221.2 198.1

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 722.4 619.3 724.8 636.4 22.9 20.4 22.8 20.1 35.5 28.7 37.7 32.7

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,973.3 2,507.5 2,996.9 2,599.8 4.1 3.8 4.3 3.1 120.2 110.6 127.3 120.2

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284.3 256.3 292.3 265.5 20.7 18.0 20.8 16.3 22.0 20.7 23.5 22.5

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 876.8 763.7 878.6 782.6 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.4 26.2 14.6 26.4 16.6

Virgin Islands1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.7 35.7 37.1 36.3 – – – – 3.3 3.8 3.4 3.9

1 Mining and logging is combined with construction.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2019 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Manufacturing Trade, transportation, and utilities Information

April May April May April May

2019 2020 2019 2020p

2019 2020 2019 2020p2019 2020 2019 2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267.5 248.5 268.0 253.3 380.9 365.0 381.5 369.9 21.8 18.8 21.6 18.7

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.6 9.3 10.2 8.6 62.4 58.1 66.6 61.3 5.3 5.1 5.4 4.9

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175.8 167.9 176.2 166.6 536.2 519.2 535.2 528.2 48.4 44.2 48.8 44.4

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161.9 144.2 162.3 143.8 250.7 241.0 251.4 245.3 11.4 10.2 11.4 10.4

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,317.6 1,177.3 1,320.4 1,196.4 3,005.5 2,625.7 3,017.7 2,644.1 546.0 512.6 546.5 499.5

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.4 138.1 149.6 144.6 468.7 431.8 469.8 436.2 75.6 75.3 75.6 74.1

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161.3 150.9 161.8 153.2 286.7 238.4 289.7 245.9 31.2 29.6 31.3 28.4

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.3 23.4 27.2 23.8 80.4 68.8 80.5 69.6 3.8 3.5 3.9 3.5

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.2 32.7 30.1 33.2 29.3 19.6 20.4 19.6 18.5

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382.1 355.8 383.5 368.1 1,787.0 1,648.3 1,786.2 1,666.9 139.3 128.3 140.1 128.0

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406.6 357.5 406.8 367.3 934.8 902.5 938.7 906.5 115.6 105.7 115.3 102.1

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.0 10.5 14.0 12.0 122.3 103.0 122.5 101.7 8.0 7.6 8.9 7.5

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.6 66.8 68.8 67.4 143.2 137.8 144.2 141.5 8.9 7.8 9.0 8.1

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 586.9 523.4 587.4 538.4 1,193.8 1,091.1 1,200.8 1,101.7 95.0 88.8 95.0 87.8

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541.9 448.8 542.7 468.5 595.5 550.9 600.3 563.7 28.7 25.4 29.1 25.2

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225.7 211.2 226.4 214.7 309.1 285.0 310.7 288.4 21.5 19.7 21.4 19.8

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167.3 155.8 167.6 158.0 265.2 251.1 265.9 257.4 18.2 16.0 18.1 16.3

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251.8 197.0 251.8 209.7 398.9 350.5 401.3 354.9 21.6 18.4 21.8 17.4

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137.5 126.9 137.8 128.2 378.4 337.7 379.1 340.1 23.7 18.8 23.3 18.8

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.3 44.5 53.0 49.3 115.6 100.2 117.4 106.6 7.1 5.6 7.2 5.6

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112.3 100.5 112.5 104.4 460.9 407.9 464.6 411.7 35.3 30.5 35.3 29.5

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243.4 217.8 243.9 223.1 568.9 452.9 576.4 463.9 90.4 92.3 92.0 89.7

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 628.1 441.2 626.8 476.3 783.2 634.5 794.7 692.6 54.9 51.1 55.3 50.3

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321.5 297.8 323.4 298.2 524.9 481.1 532.2 490.6 46.8 41.6 46.9 40.1

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146.5 136.3 146.5 139.1 230.3 214.5 230.5 221.4 10.8 9.9 10.7 9.7

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277.3 242.0 277.7 249.6 540.4 488.7 542.7 500.3 48.2 41.9 47.9 42.7

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.8 17.6 20.9 18.4 93.5 86.9 94.7 89.8 6.2 5.4 6.3 5.5

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.3 96.4 99.5 96.6 197.6 182.3 198.8 186.7 17.3 16.3 17.2 15.9

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.2 57.0 59.3 58.5 256.4 211.1 259.0 215.4 16.4 14.1 16.6 14.2

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.4 65.4 71.6 66.4 137.5 116.3 138.6 116.8 12.2 11.7 12.5 11.7

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250.9 215.8 251.6 235.4 871.2 728.8 878.0 751.7 66.8 61.9 67.6 60.4

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.0 23.2 28.4 24.5 135.9 125.5 136.2 125.9 10.7 9.4 11.3 9.3

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439.4 356.2 440.3 370.6 1,538.8 1,174.3 1,548.0 1,227.3 277.0 262.5 279.1 260.3

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475.5 422.4 476.5 428.1 839.1 768.0 844.9 789.0 75.2 72.6 75.9 71.0

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.2 24.7 26.4 25.0 93.7 85.8 94.7 86.8 6.0 5.5 6.1 5.6

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 700.6 601.2 701.7 622.1 1,011.1 890.5 1,020.1 930.8 69.2 64.4 69.6 64.1

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141.5 131.9 141.4 129.8 297.4 285.1 298.9 288.3 19.6 19.1 19.6 19.1

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.1 182.0 198.4 177.9 351.0 325.7 353.0 333.6 34.6 32.6 35.4 31.4

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 575.6 498.9 576.8 525.4 1,115.3 933.5 1,121.7 970.3 85.8 77.1 86.3 72.4

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.8 37.2 39.7 37.3 76.0 64.7 76.5 67.2 5.7 5.3 5.8 5.2

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258.2 244.5 258.2 247.7 404.0 374.9 406.9 387.1 27.7 26.7 27.7 26.5

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.9 42.8 45.3 42.9 85.1 78.8 86.7 80.3 5.4 5.2 5.5 5.2

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355.2 288.5 355.7 309.4 630.4 604.9 633.3 614.0 45.1 42.7 45.1 42.6

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 902.4 860.4 904.2 866.3 2,479.2 2,337.3 2,485.1 2,360.3 208.8 194.3 209.6 192.9

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.1 133.5 137.0 134.4 288.0 273.4 288.5 281.3 39.1 39.4 40.1 38.7

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.6 21.8 29.8 26.0 53.6 42.4 53.5 45.6 4.2 4.0 4.3 4.0

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243.8 229.4 244.1 228.3 652.8 595.4 655.6 604.0 67.5 67.5 68.4 66.4

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291.3 260.0 293.7 269.7 633.0 583.6 638.9 594.7 140.3 144.4 141.8 141.7

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.2 43.8 47.2 45.5 126.3 110.2 126.5 113.1 8.0 7.2 8.1 7.1

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481.3 440.5 482.8 452.2 529.9 464.2 534.5 483.1 46.3 40.4 46.5 39.2

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 9.8 9.9 10.0 51.2 48.8 51.9 50.7 3.4 3.1 3.4 3.0

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.3 69.2 74.5 71.2 172.4 131.3 172.7 143.4 16.0 15.5 16.0 15.5

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.8 7.0 6.2 7.0 6.3 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2019 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Financial activities Professional and business services Education and health services

April May April May April May

2019 2020 2019 2020p

2019 2020 2019 2020p2019 2020 2019 2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.5 93.8 96.0 95.2 250.4 220.3 250.7 223.0 248.2 221.6 247.9 231.2

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 10.9 11.7 11.2 27.2 24.9 28.1 26.6 51.1 45.0 51.0 46.2

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228.1 229.1 228.2 229.2 439.0 410.5 436.3 406.8 459.1 438.2 458.2 443.6

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.6 60.9 62.7 61.1 146.8 138.2 146.5 139.9 193.9 175.2 193.5 184.3

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 835.0 823.2 837.5 823.9 2,702.6 2,474.0 2,702.6 2,496.5 2,799.3 2,540.4 2,803.8 2,579.3

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172.7 167.4 172.3 170.5 433.8 424.1 437.2 434.1 346.1 305.6 346.5 327.9

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.9 119.1 123.2 118.3 220.0 196.6 220.4 200.9 341.1 300.3 339.5 301.4

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.7 46.6 47.6 46.4 63.0 56.1 63.0 57.9 81.4 68.8 81.4 69.9

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.7 29.2 29.6 29.4 169.3 169.2 169.5 164.6 133.0 122.7 128.5 120.8

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 587.8 572.6 588.4 573.4 1,388.3 1,261.3 1,385.9 1,282.6 1,339.3 1,237.4 1,340.8 1,264.2

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248.5 237.9 249.5 244.0 712.5 641.0 714.6 649.8 605.2 575.5 606.2 581.9

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.9 27.3 29.9 27.4 73.2 64.5 73.0 65.1 86.8 82.2 86.8 82.7

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.4 37.1 36.7 37.8 95.4 94.2 96.6 94.8 111.0 94.6 111.1 103.5

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409.4 400.0 409.7 401.4 936.5 833.3 945.6 851.9 941.9 865.6 942.0 864.5

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140.9 136.4 141.9 138.3 344.9 304.9 345.7 306.6 483.4 433.2 482.9 441.4

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109.4 107.0 109.9 107.4 140.3 124.1 139.8 125.7 239.5 215.3 237.5 213.8

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.0 76.1 77.1 75.5 179.7 167.4 179.1 167.0 201.7 181.5 202.2 189.0

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.7 86.1 93.4 87.0 212.7 174.2 213.8 171.9 283.3 251.4 282.3 253.0

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.9 88.5 92.4 89.8 217.9 195.4 216.4 197.6 320.6 285.9 320.9 297.2

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.3 32.0 32.8 31.8 68.8 60.8 69.7 63.2 129.7 111.4 129.2 112.3

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143.3 134.4 143.4 137.9 461.1 426.6 463.7 436.1 475.8 418.1 475.2 426.1

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221.9 219.1 222.9 220.5 599.3 554.8 602.4 563.5 820.1 724.5 813.4 727.5

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221.7 213.9 223.9 217.8 655.2 509.9 661.7 539.8 683.1 570.4 684.8 581.1

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191.5 185.8 192.4 185.3 381.8 355.6 385.0 360.8 554.5 489.6 553.3 490.8

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.5 43.0 44.7 43.0 107.9 95.5 108.2 98.6 147.1 135.1 146.8 136.2

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174.5 170.4 175.2 171.4 385.3 356.7 383.0 353.2 486.2 464.4 484.6 461.3

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.5 26.0 25.7 25.9 42.4 40.9 43.6 41.3 79.3 72.2 79.0 74.4

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.6 75.2 75.1 75.2 119.3 112.6 119.7 112.6 156.9 148.6 158.0 151.6

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.4 66.1 69.1 67.2 194.4 157.7 194.4 156.9 144.0 128.4 144.6 128.3

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.5 33.6 34.8 33.6 82.7 74.9 83.4 75.1 127.9 112.0 128.0 115.3

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251.2 235.0 252.1 236.8 682.2 590.6 683.4 602.6 720.5 605.7 722.2 608.5

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.5 32.8 35.5 33.5 111.2 103.1 111.2 102.2 141.8 132.8 141.8 132.0

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 721.4 688.3 723.6 687.1 1,368.8 1,176.3 1,372.0 1,182.8 2,172.1 1,938.3 2,154.4 1,928.7

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248.4 250.5 250.6 252.2 646.7 593.6 646.9 602.6 627.7 556.4 629.0 572.5

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.7 25.0 24.7 24.9 32.3 31.3 33.0 31.9 67.6 64.3 67.5 64.8

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308.1 291.7 310.0 295.4 735.8 627.2 739.2 645.2 943.2 838.3 943.1 851.6

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.5 78.6 79.6 78.4 194.5 169.0 194.4 175.1 238.5 226.7 238.5 225.9

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102.5 97.1 103.1 97.6 252.9 234.3 253.3 234.1 303.4 272.9 300.9 279.0

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327.1 324.2 329.1 327.0 815.2 734.1 817.8 740.4 1,311.3 1,149.5 1,295.2 1,153.6

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.1 33.5 35.2 34.4 68.0 57.3 68.5 59.6 110.9 92.9 110.3 93.7

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.0 99.2 104.7 102.3 297.4 267.1 299.2 273.5 257.7 229.0 258.2 237.1

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.9 28.9 29.0 29.1 32.9 32.4 33.4 32.9 72.8 68.8 73.5 69.7

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171.0 172.1 171.8 169.7 423.5 381.8 422.4 384.9 440.1 411.3 441.1 417.3

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 792.7 794.5 796.1 799.1 1,775.1 1,692.6 1,777.1 1,709.6 1,731.7 1,599.5 1,738.8 1,652.1

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.8 85.5 89.3 89.8 222.5 213.2 223.5 215.7 212.1 201.1 206.2 200.3

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.1 11.1 12.3 11.3 28.6 24.4 29.1 26.4 67.8 58.3 66.3 58.7

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210.4 213.0 211.7 212.2 762.4 728.7 765.2 741.1 557.2 497.6 546.2 495.7

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158.8 150.6 160.3 152.1 430.9 413.3 432.1 421.1 504.2 436.4 504.8 447.3

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.1 26.9 29.3 27.3 69.3 63.2 69.2 62.9 129.4 117.3 129.2 118.7

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153.2 150.2 154.0 150.4 325.7 285.5 326.4 295.0 463.0 414.2 465.0 421.3

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 10.9 11.1 10.7 18.7 17.0 19.3 18.1 28.6 26.7 28.8 27.9

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.6 43.6 43.7 43.3 122.6 105.0 122.3 104.1 120.8 114.9 121.9 115.2

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.8 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.1

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2019 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Leisure and hospitality Other services Government

April May April May April May

2019 2020 2019 2020p

2019 2020 2019 2020p2019 2020 2019 2020p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211.9 125.4 213.6 149.0 99.5 86.8 99.4 92.2 392.0 391.5 393.3 378.9

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.4 16.5 38.5 23.1 10.9 8.1 11.2 10.4 81.7 74.9 81.4 73.0

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336.1 208.8 333.0 246.0 94.2 81.2 94.9 89.6 431.1 431.0 425.3 417.3

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.1 78.4 122.9 91.8 59.6 53.1 59.8 53.6 216.0 207.2 215.2 202.8

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,032.3 1,077.0 2,049.6 1,146.8 575.5 409.9 579.0 417.1 2,645.5 2,583.0 2,653.4 2,492.3

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339.5 180.7 334.7 203.7 112.1 91.5 112.9 98.3 458.1 458.1 467.9 451.7

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155.3 67.9 162.2 80.7 65.2 40.2 65.6 45.2 240.7 216.5 240.6 211.4

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.7 21.5 55.1 25.4 18.7 12.7 18.7 13.4 67.9 66.3 67.8 65.0

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.6 36.7 83.4 33.8 77.0 76.6 77.1 76.5 236.6 238.7 236.1 238.4

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,278.4 749.5 1,269.5 806.4 355.1 288.7 354.7 319.8 1,142.4 1,131.0 1,133.8 1,117.5

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504.2 290.2 509.5 341.4 165.1 131.8 165.2 144.1 694.4 678.8 694.0 665.0

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125.7 57.1 125.9 52.4 28.3 23.7 28.3 24.6 127.7 116.4 129.9 115.2

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.9 46.6 83.2 61.2 26.3 20.3 26.7 22.0 128.6 125.7 129.7 122.2

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 618.4 302.7 637.3 344.6 255.4 206.4 257.3 212.1 832.1 802.8 840.3 790.2

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314.3 188.3 322.8 229.4 133.9 102.9 134.6 112.4 434.0 420.6 438.9 410.2

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143.7 70.9 148.4 93.5 57.5 48.7 58.1 50.6 265.8 244.6 266.8 236.4

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130.7 79.5 132.6 93.5 52.4 40.8 51.5 42.5 266.7 258.7 268.1 253.3

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204.4 115.4 209.5 137.7 66.0 54.9 66.1 58.6 314.8 298.5 317.0 287.2

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239.3 132.8 241.1 150.6 74.0 64.2 74.4 66.3 335.8 327.1 334.3 319.3

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.3 25.2 70.1 34.8 22.0 18.6 22.4 19.2 103.3 98.3 102.8 93.6

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280.3 149.4 291.9 164.8 115.0 87.5 115.6 88.0 516.0 497.6 517.5 494.5

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365.2 127.0 383.6 155.5 137.8 85.2 139.2 92.2 467.0 441.0 470.7 432.5

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424.9 172.0 447.1 205.4 165.5 107.1 167.9 117.9 624.8 592.6 616.1 565.4

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267.6 120.2 282.1 140.3 114.1 82.1 114.6 85.9 430.3 403.9 433.6 387.2

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137.9 88.5 138.1 105.9 40.4 36.2 40.5 39.6 243.5 237.3 243.6 233.1

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310.3 156.3 318.2 199.9 116.9 104.4 117.4 108.1 446.1 432.6 447.9 417.8

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.1 32.2 66.8 47.8 19.1 16.1 19.3 17.1 91.4 89.0 93.4 87.4

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.6 58.9 96.7 69.2 37.0 29.6 37.3 31.6 175.1 169.8 177.8 164.1

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358.3 204.7 359.6 227.2 41.6 30.9 42.3 33.2 166.0 160.2 167.6 159.8

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.8 24.4 73.3 33.5 25.0 20.4 25.1 23.3 93.5 85.2 93.5 84.3

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380.6 139.7 401.8 178.1 173.0 114.9 174.5 120.4 615.4 595.3 610.2 585.1

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.7 57.5 100.2 62.3 28.5 22.7 28.9 23.6 190.9 187.4 189.5 186.0

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 945.4 325.4 977.0 375.7 415.4 295.4 417.1 299.1 1,499.2 1,438.5 1,500.8 1,403.2

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 512.6 266.3 527.7 318.3 158.5 126.9 160.0 138.3 751.9 729.9 752.0 696.1

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.6 20.4 40.9 27.0 15.6 14.0 15.6 13.6 84.2 78.9 85.5 78.1

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566.6 273.9 589.5 329.6 212.9 162.6 214.5 177.7 802.7 753.2 797.5 725.9

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175.2 120.6 176.3 144.5 70.4 65.7 70.6 65.4 356.7 351.1 358.8 346.9

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211.3 94.6 215.3 112.6 64.8 53.5 65.2 56.2 304.6 293.8 307.8 285.7

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573.0 235.1 593.7 284.6 260.4 174.9 263.0 185.7 718.9 702.2 713.5 691.2

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.5 20.8 61.4 29.6 22.9 15.8 23.1 16.2 66.3 65.0 66.6 65.2

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273.6 143.9 279.0 185.2 79.3 70.4 79.8 74.4 374.4 367.2 374.5 360.3

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.1 26.5 48.6 34.5 16.6 14.6 16.8 15.1 80.7 74.9 81.7 73.3

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348.8 197.1 353.0 256.5 121.2 96.8 122.1 107.2 446.5 435.0 442.0 423.7

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,391.4 843.1 1,408.7 1,036.5 442.7 371.8 448.2 392.7 1,982.4 1,975.9 1,993.5 1,930.3

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153.0 87.0 152.3 110.2 41.7 37.0 42.1 41.6 259.6 253.3 263.2 247.2

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.9 11.7 34.1 13.5 10.2 8.2 10.3 8.3 58.2 55.0 57.8 52.4

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409.0 238.7 419.3 265.8 201.1 177.1 202.5 179.0 738.7 718.3 734.2 693.4

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346.1 158.1 352.3 195.1 128.1 94.1 129.3 96.7 594.4 572.4 598.6 550.4

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.2 35.1 76.4 44.8 24.8 20.4 24.7 21.0 154.7 146.1 153.7 143.2

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276.8 114.0 292.5 153.0 152.2 117.8 153.0 121.5 420.6 366.3 410.6 360.8

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.3 20.0 36.6 26.0 16.0 13.5 16.1 13.9 69.4 67.8 70.9 66.4

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.9 46.8 79.6 52.9 18.0 15.3 18.1 16.6 203.5 207.2 202.9 203.4

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 4.0 5.4 4.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 10.5 11.2 10.5 11.2

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2019 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
TEXAS

N.M.

CALIF.

NEV.

MONT.

ARIZ.

ORE.

S.D.

WYO.

KAN. MO.

N.D.

COLO.

NEB.

GA.

UTAH ILL.

MINN.

LA.

PA.

IDAHO

FLA.

N.Y.

KY.

WIS.

N.C.

VA.

OKLA.

ALA.

ARK.

IOWA

WASH.

MISS.

IND.

OHIO

S.C.

MICH.

TENN.

MAINE

W.VA.

VT.

MD.

N.H.

Map 1. Unemployment rates by state, seasonally adjusted, 

May 2020

(U.S. rate = 13.3 percent)

HAWAII

ALASKA

D.C.

!

MASS.

! CONN.

! R.I.

!

DEL.

!

N.J.

17.5% or higher 

15.0% to 17.4% 

12.5% to 14.9%

10.0% to 12.4%

 9.9% or lower
WASH.

ORE.

CALIF.

IDAHO

NEV.

ARIZ.

MONT.

WYO.

COLO.

N.M.

N.D.

S.D.

NEB.

KAN.

OKLA.

TEXAS

MINN.

IOWA

MO.

ARK.

LA.

WIS.

ILL.

MICH.

IND. OHIO

KY.

TENN.

MISS. ALA. GA.

S.C.

N.C.

VA.

W.VA.

PA.

N.Y.

MAINE

N.H.

VT.

MASS.

R.I.

N.J.

CONN.

DEL.

FLA.

MD. UTAH

ALASKA

HAWAII

D.C.

above -7.6%

-10.0% to -7.6%

-12.4% to -10.1%

-15.0% to -12.5%

below -15.0%

Map 2. Percentage change in nonfarm employment by state,

seasonally adjusted, May 2019 - May 2020