For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, November 1, 2022 USDL-22-2094

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – SEPTEMBER 2022

The number of job openings increased to 10.7 million on the last business day of September, the U.S. 

Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The number of hires edged down to 6.1 million, while total 

separations decreased to 5.7 million. Within separations, quits (4.1 million) changed little and layoffs 

and discharges (1.3 million) edged down. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job 

openings, hires, and separations for the total nonfarm sector, by industry, and by establishment size 

class.

Job Openings

On the last business day of September, the number of job openings increased to 10.7 million

(+437,000), partially offsetting a sharp decline in August. The rate changed little at 6.5 percent in 

September but was 0.8 percentage point lower than its peak in March 2022. In September, the largest 

increases in job openings were in accommodation and food services (+215,000); health care and social 

assistance (+115,000); and transportation, warehousing, and utilities (+111,000). The number of job 

openings decreased in wholesale trade (-104,000) and in finance and insurance (-83,000). (See table 1.)

Hires

In September, the number of hires edged down to 6.1 million and the rate changed little at 4.0 percent.

Hires decreased in durable goods manufacturing (-57,000) and in state and local government education 

(-40,000). (See table 2.)

 3.0

 3.4

 3.8

 4.2

 4.6

 5.0

 5.4

 5.8

 6.2

 6.6

 7.0

 7.4

Sep-19 Mar-20 Sep-20 Mar-21 Sep-21 Mar-22 Sep-22

Percent

Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted,

September 2019 - September 2022

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

Sep-19 Mar-20 Sep-20 Mar-21 Sep-21 Mar-22 Sep-22

Hires

Separations

Percent

Chart 2. Hires and total separations rates, seasonally adjusted,

September 2019 - September 2022
- 2 -

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 

voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 

workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 

by the employer. Other separations includes separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 

to other locations of the same firm.

In September, the number and rate of total separations decreased to 5.7 million (-370,000) and 3.7

percent, respectively. Total separations decreased in accommodation and food services (-103,000);

transportation, warehousing, and utilities (-42,000); and durable goods manufacturing (-38,000). 

(See table 3.)

In September, the number of quits changed little at 4.1 million, and the rate was 2.7 percent for the third 

month in a row. Quits decreased in construction (-56,000); transportation, warehousing, and utilities 

(-35,000); and durable goods manufacturing (-28,000). Quits increased in state and local government, 

excluding education (+15,000). (See table 4.)

In September, the number of layoffs and discharges edged down to 1.3 million and the rate changed 

little at 0.9 percent. Layoffs and discharges changed little in all industries. (See table 5.)

The number of other separations decreased in September to 299,000 (-84,000). Other separations

decreased in health care and social assistance (-31,000); professional and business services (-28,000);

and finance and insurance (-20,000). Other separations increased in other services (+13,000) and federal 

government (+3,000). (See table 6.)

Establishment Size Class

In September, the job openings rate decreased in establishments with 5,000 or more employees. The

quits rate decreased in establishments with 50 to 249 employees. For a more in-depth description of the 

JOLTS establishment size class estimates, please visit www.bls.gov/jlt/sizeclassmethodology.htm.

____________

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for October 2022 are scheduled to be 

released on Wednesday, November 30, 2022, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY

(in thousands)

Total................................................... 10,673 10,280 10,717 6,504 6,334 6,082 6,008 6,058 5,688

Total private....................................... 9,680 9,240 9,668 6,153 5,919 5,719 5,658 5,692 5,296

Mining and logging............................. 29 24 28 16 20 22 14 21 20

Construction.................................... 348 386 422 346 349 360 307 338 344

Manufacturing.................................. 941 846 806 470 461 383 439 417 362

Durable goods............................... 560 514 473 261 267 210 241 231 193

Nondurable goods........................... 381 332 333 209 194 173 199 186 169

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 1,950 1,576 1,585 1,374 1,303 1,254 1,259 1,319 1,221

Wholesale trade............................. 309 342 238 176 164 164 169 152 141

Retail trade................................... 1,059 792 795 894 794 768 817 803 758

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities...................................... 582 442 553 304 345 322 273 364 322

Information...................................... 172 201 206 115 106 102 106 99 84

Financial activities.............................. 438 557 501 290 233 226 265 238 218

Finance and insurance..................... 324 363 280 224 158 149 211 159 145

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . .. 115 194 221 66 75 78 54 79 73

Professional and business services......... 1,832 1,812 1,916 1,260 1,192 1,152 1,167 1,115 1,069

Education and health services............... 1,979 2,168 2,306 833 878 853 810 777 755

Educational services........................ 171 187 210 97 105 100 86 80 91

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 1,808 1,981 2,096 736 773 753 724 696 664

Leisure and hospitality........................ 1,538 1,397 1,631 1,189 1,132 1,118 1,043 1,144 1,020

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 192 193 212 182 156 160 146 159 136

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 1,346 1,204 1,419 1,007 976 957 897 986 883

Other services.................................. 453 274 267 260 244 249 247 224 203

Government....................................... 994 1,040 1,049 351 415 364 350 365 392

Federal.......................................... 139 139 172 43 38 41 44 40 42

State and local................................. 854 900 877 308 377 323 306 325 350

State and local education.................. 274 331 311 130 185 145 165 159 169

State and local, excluding education. . . .. 580 569 565 178 191 177 141 166 181

RATES BY INDUSTRY

(percent)

Total................................................... 6.8 6.3 6.5 4.4 4.1 4.0 4.1 4.0 3.7

Total private....................................... 7.2 6.6 6.9 4.9 4.5 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.1

Mining and logging............................. 4.8 3.7 4.3 2.7 3.3 3.5 2.5 3.3 3.2

Construction.................................... 4.5 4.8 5.2 4.7 4.5 4.7 4.1 4.4 4.5

Manufacturing.................................. 7.0 6.2 5.9 3.8 3.6 3.0 3.5 3.2 2.8

Durable goods............................... 6.8 6.0 5.6 3.4 3.3 2.6 3.1 2.9 2.4

Nondurable goods........................... 7.5 6.4 6.4 4.5 4.0 3.5 4.2 3.8 3.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 6.5 5.2 5.2 4.9 4.5 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.2

Wholesale trade............................. 5.1 5.5 3.9 3.1 2.8 2.8 3.0 2.6 2.4

Retail trade................................... 6.4 4.8 4.8 5.8 5.0 4.8 5.3 5.1 4.8

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities...................................... 8.0 5.9 7.3 4.5 4.9 4.6 4.1 5.1 4.6

Information...................................... 5.6 6.2 6.3 4.0 3.5 3.3 3.7 3.3 2.8

Financial activities.............................. 4.7 5.8 5.3 3.3 2.6 2.5 3.0 2.7 2.4

Finance and insurance..................... 4.7 5.2 4.1 3.4 2.4 2.3 3.2 2.4 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . .. 4.8 7.6 8.5 2.9 3.2 3.3 2.4 3.3 3.1

Professional and business services......... 7.9 7.5 7.9 5.9 5.3 5.1 5.5 5.0 4.8

Education and health services............... 7.7 8.1 8.6 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.1

Educational services........................ 4.5 4.6 5.1 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.1 2.4

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 8.2 8.7 9.2 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.2

Leisure and hospitality........................ 9.5 8.1 9.3 8.2 7.2 7.1 7.2 7.3 6.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 8.4 7.7 8.4 8.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 6.9 5.9

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 9.7 8.2 9.5 8.1 7.3 7.1 7.2 7.3 6.5

Other services.................................. 7.6 4.6 4.5 4.7 4.3 4.4 4.5 3.9 3.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Government....................................... 4.3 4.5 4.5 1.6 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.8

Federal.......................................... 4.6 4.6 5.7 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5

State and local................................. 4.3 4.4 4.3 1.6 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.8

State and local education.................. 2.6 3.1 2.9 1.3 1.8 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.6

State and local, excluding education. . . .. 6.0 5.9 5.9 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.6 1.8 2.0

p Preliminary
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

JOLTS program provides information on labor 

demand and turnover. Additional information about 

the JOLTS program can be found at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job 

openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other 

separations, and total separations. The JOLTS 

program covers all private nonfarm establishments, 

as well as civilian federal, state, and local 

government entities in the 50 states and the District 

of Columbia. Industries are classified in accordance 

with the North American Industry Classification 

System. 

Definitions 

Employment. Employment includes persons on 

the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay 

period that includes the 12th day of the reference 

month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, 

seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are 

included, as are employees on paid vacation or other 

paid leave. Proprietors or partners of unincorporated 

businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on 

strike for the entire pay period, and employees on 

leave without pay for the entire pay period are not 

counted as employed. Employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where 

they are working. JOLTS does not publish 

employment estimates but uses the reported 

employment for validation of the other reported data 

elements. 

Job Openings. Job openings include all 

positions that are open on the last business day of the 

reference month. A job is open only if it meets all 

three of these conditions: 

 A specific position exists and there is work

available for that position. The position can

be full-time or part-time, and it can be

permanent, short-term, or seasonal.

 The job could start within 30 days, whether

or not the employer can find a suitable

candidate during that time.

 The employer is actively recruiting workers

from outside the establishment to fill the

position. Active recruiting means that the

establishment is taking steps to fill a 

position. It may include advertising in 

newspapers, on television, or on the radio; 

posting Internet notices, posting “help 

wanted” signs, networking or making 

“word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting 

applications; interviewing candidates; 

contacting employment agencies; or 

soliciting employees at job fairs, state or 

local employment offices, or similar 

sources. 

Excluded are positions open only to internal 

transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from 

layoffs. Also excluded are openings for positions 

with start dates more than 30 days in the future, 

positions for which employees have been hired but 

the employees have not yet reported for work, and 

positions to be filled by employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 

computed by dividing the number of job openings by 

the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll 

during the entire reference month, including newly 

hired and rehired employees; full-time and part-time 

employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal 

employees; employees who were recalled to a job at 

the location following a layoff (formal suspension 

from pay status) lasting more than 7 days; on-call or 

intermittent employees who returned to work after 

having been formally separated; workers who were 

hired and separated during the month, and transfers 

from other locations. Excluded are transfers or 

promotions within the reporting location, employees 

returning from strike, employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is 

computed by dividing the number of hires by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Separations. Separations include all separations 

from the payroll during the entire reference month 

and is reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs 

and discharges, and other separations. Quits include 

employees who left voluntarily with the exception of 

retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs 

and discharges includes involuntary separations 

initiated by the employer including layoffs with no 

intent to rehire; layoffs (formal suspensions from pay 

status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; 
discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or 

closings; firings or other discharges for cause; 

terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 

and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or 

not they are expected to return the next season). 

Other separations include retirements, transfers to 

other locations, separations due to employee 

disability; and deaths. Excluded from separations are 

transfers within the same location; employees on 

strike; employees of temporary help agencies, 

employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or 

consultants. The separations rate is computed by 

dividing the number of separations by employment 

and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, 

layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are 

computed similarly. 

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random 

sample of 20,700 nonfarm business and government 

establishments. The sample is stratified by 

ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment 

size class. The establishments are drawn from a 

universe of over 9.4 million establishments compiled 

by the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages 

(QCEW) program which includes all employers 

subject to state unemployment insurance laws and 

federal agencies subject to the Unemployment 

Compensation for Federal Employees program. 

Employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio 

adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment 

estimates of the Current Employment Statistics 

(CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment 

is used to adjust the levels for all other JOLTS data 

elements. 

Birth/death model. The time lag from the start 

up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance 

on the sampling frame is approximately one year. 

Also within the first year, new businesses may go out 

of business, referred to as a death. Because not all 

births and deaths of establishments can be reflected 

on the sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS 

sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and 

separations from them during their early existence. 

BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses 

establishment birth and death activity from previous 

years. The estimates of job openings, hires, and 

separations produced by the birth/death model are 

added to the sample-based estimates produced from 

the survey to arrive at the estimates for job openings, 

hires, and separations. 

Alignment. The JOLTS figure for hires minus 

separations can be used to derive a measure of net 

employment change. This change should be 

comparable to the net employment change from the 

much larger CES survey. However, definitional 

differences as well as sampling and nonsampling 

errors between the two surveys historically caused 

JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the 

divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

monthly alignment method. There are four steps to 

this method: seasonally adjust, align, back out the 

seasonal adjustment factors, and seasonally adjust 

again. 

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses X-13 ARIMA 

for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal 

adjustment methodology is used in which new 

seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each 

month, using all relevant data up to and including 

current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors 

at the beginning and end of the series and to detect 

and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally 

adjusted CES employment trends are applied to the 

seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment 

trends (hires minus separations) forcing them to be 

approximately the same, while preserving the 

seasonality of the JOLTS data. 

Annual estimates. The JOLTS estimates are 

revised annually to reflect annual updates to the CES 

employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal 

adjustment factors. The JOLTS employment levels 

are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and 

the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data 

elements. The seasonally adjusted data are 

recalculated for the most recent 5 years in order to 

reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors. These 

annual updates result in revisions to both the 

seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted 

JOLTS data series, for the period since the last 

benchmark was established. 

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and 

discharges, other separations, and total separations 

are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. 

Annual rates are computed by dividing the annual 

level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) 
annual average employment level, and multiplying 

that quotient by 100. This figure will be 

approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly 

rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates 

are published only for not seasonally adjusted data 

and are released with the January news release each 

year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job 

openings because job openings are a stock, or pointin-time, measurement for the last business day of 

each month. 

Reliability of the estimates 

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling 

and nonsampling error. Nonsampling error occurs 

when a sample is surveyed rather than the entire 

population. There is a chance that the sample 

estimates may differ from the true population values 

they represent. The difference, or sampling error, 

varies depending on the particular sample selected. 

This variability is measured by the standard error of 

the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at 

the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that 

there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no 

more than 1.6 standard errors from the true 

population value because of sampling error. 

Sampling error estimates are available at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by 

nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for 

many reasons including: the failure to include a 

segment of the population; the inability to obtain data 

from all units in the sample; the inability or 

unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 

timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors 

made in the collection or processing of the data; and 

errors from the employment benchmark data used in 

estimation. 

Other information 

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech

disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access

telecommunications relay services.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Sept.

2021

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Sept.

2021

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Total............................................... 10,673 11,303 11,040 11,170 10,280 10,717 6.8 6.9 6.8 6.8 6.3 6.5

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 9,680 10,275 10,054 10,065 9,240 9,668 7.2 7.4 7.2 7.2 6.6 6.9

Mining and logging......................... 29 36 38 35 24 28 4.8 5.4 5.6 5.3 3.7 4.3

Construction................................ 348 405 353 353 386 422 4.5 5.0 4.4 4.4 4.8 5.2

Manufacturing.............................. 941 816 850 910 846 806 7.0 6.0 6.2 6.6 6.2 5.9

Durable goods........................... 560 505 558 530 514 473 6.8 6.0 6.6 6.2 6.0 5.6

Nondurable goods....................... 381 311 293 380 332 333 7.5 6.0 5.7 7.2 6.4 6.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,950 2,108 1,653 1,778 1,576 1,585 6.5 6.8 5.4 5.8 5.2 5.2

Wholesale trade......................... 309 371 276 278 342 238 5.1 6.0 4.5 4.5 5.5 3.9

Retail trade............................... 1,059 1,185 885 946 792 795 6.4 7.0 5.3 5.6 4.8 4.8

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 582 551 492 554 442 553 8.0 7.2 6.5 7.3 5.9 7.3

Information.................................. 172 248 239 222 201 206 5.6 7.7 7.4 6.8 6.2 6.3

Financial activities......................... 438 524 622 641 557 501 4.7 5.5 6.5 6.7 5.8 5.3

Finance and insurance................. 324 370 476 474 363 280 4.7 5.3 6.7 6.7 5.2 4.1

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 115 154 145 167 194 221 4.8 6.1 5.8 6.6 7.6 8.5

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,832 2,007 2,127 1,991 1,812 1,916 7.9 8.3 8.7 8.2 7.5 7.9

Education and health services........... 1,979 2,147 2,222 2,165 2,168 2,306 7.7 8.1 8.4 8.1 8.1 8.6

Educational services.................... 171 179 196 207 187 210 4.5 4.5 4.9 5.1 4.6 5.1

Health care and social assistance. . .. 1,808 1,967 2,026 1,958 1,981 2,096 8.2 8.8 9.0 8.7 8.7 9.2

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,538 1,542 1,494 1,516 1,397 1,631 9.5 9.0 8.7 8.8 8.1 9.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 192 157 152 203 193 212 8.4 6.4 6.2 8.1 7.7 8.4

Accommodation and food services. .. 1,346 1,385 1,343 1,313 1,204 1,419 9.7 9.4 9.1 8.9 8.2 9.5

Other services.............................. 453 442 456 454 274 267 7.6 7.2 7.4 7.4 4.6 4.5

Government................................... 994 1,028 986 1,104 1,040 1,049 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.7 4.5 4.5

Federal...................................... 139 121 114 158 139 172 4.6 4.1 3.8 5.2 4.6 5.7

State and local............................. 854 907 872 946 900 877 4.3 4.5 4.3 4.7 4.4 4.3

State and local education.............. 274 362 318 335 331 311 2.6 3.4 3.0 3.1 3.1 2.9

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 580 545 554 611 569 565 6.0 5.7 5.8 6.3 5.9 5.9

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 1,794 1,933 1,870 1,776 1,634 1,718 6.4 6.7 6.5 6.1 5.7 5.9

South........................................... 4,083 4,237 4,330 4,322 4,092 4,252 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.1 6.7 6.9

Midwest........................................ 2,396 2,479 2,433 2,487 2,175 2,325 7.0 7.0 6.9 7.0 6.2 6.5

West............................................ 2,400 2,655 2,407 2,584 2,379 2,421 6.5 7.0 6.4 6.8 6.3 6.4

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Sept.

2021

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Sept.

2021

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Total............................................... 6,504 6,507 6,456 6,238 6,334 6,082 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.0

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 6,153 6,098 6,033 5,846 5,919 5,719 4.9 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.4

Mining and logging......................... 16 26 30 25 20 22 2.7 4.3 4.8 4.0 3.3 3.5

Construction................................ 346 359 352 384 349 360 4.7 4.7 4.6 5.0 4.5 4.7

Manufacturing.............................. 470 468 481 428 461 383 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.3 3.6 3.0

Durable goods........................... 261 249 245 240 267 210 3.4 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.3 2.6

Nondurable goods....................... 209 219 236 188 194 173 4.5 4.5 4.9 3.9 4.0 3.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,374 1,324 1,277 1,277 1,303 1,254 4.9 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.4

Wholesale trade......................... 176 196 171 165 164 164 3.1 3.4 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.8

Retail trade............................... 894 791 790 782 794 768 5.8 5.0 5.0 4.9 5.0 4.8

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 304 336 316 330 345 322 4.5 4.8 4.5 4.7 4.9 4.6

Information.................................. 115 105 116 101 106 102 4.0 3.5 3.9 3.3 3.5 3.3

Financial activities......................... 290 233 210 223 233 226 3.3 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.5

Finance and insurance................. 224 155 145 148 158 149 3.4 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.3

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 66 79 65 76 75 78 2.9 3.3 2.8 3.2 3.2 3.3

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,260 1,303 1,263 1,258 1,192 1,152 5.9 5.9 5.7 5.6 5.3 5.1

Education and health services........... 833 899 914 862 878 853 3.5 3.7 3.8 3.5 3.6 3.5

Educational services.................... 97 126 111 103 105 100 2.7 3.3 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.6

Health care and social assistance. . .. 736 773 803 760 773 753 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.6

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,189 1,148 1,167 1,071 1,132 1,118 8.2 7.4 7.4 6.8 7.2 7.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 182 172 180 160 156 160 8.7 7.5 7.8 6.9 6.8 6.9

Accommodation and food services. .. 1,007 976 987 911 976 957 8.1 7.3 7.4 6.8 7.3 7.1

Other services.............................. 260 235 221 217 244 249 4.7 4.1 3.9 3.8 4.3 4.4

Government................................... 351 409 423 392 415 364 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.6

Federal...................................... 43 42 43 45 38 41 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.4

State and local............................. 308 367 380 348 377 323 1.6 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.7

State and local education.............. 130 188 193 169 185 145 1.3 1.8 1.9 1.6 1.8 1.4

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 178 178 187 179 191 177 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.0

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 985 981 933 906 898 895 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3

South........................................... 2,703 2,711 2,700 2,612 2,618 2,577 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.6 4.6 4.5

Midwest........................................ 1,375 1,337 1,373 1,328 1,397 1,224 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.2 3.7

West............................................ 1,441 1,479 1,450 1,393 1,422 1,387 4.2 4.2 4.1 3.9 4.0 3.9

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Sept.

2021

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Sept.

2021

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Total............................................... 6,008 6,017 6,009 5,794 6,058 5,688 4.1 4.0 4.0 3.8 4.0 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 5,658 5,649 5,619 5,450 5,692 5,296 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.4 4.1

Mining and logging......................... 14 23 21 19 21 20 2.5 3.7 3.3 3.0 3.3 3.2

Construction................................ 307 336 325 355 338 344 4.1 4.4 4.2 4.6 4.4 4.5

Manufacturing.............................. 439 438 446 414 417 362 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.2 3.2 2.8

Durable goods........................... 241 229 239 226 231 193 3.1 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.9 2.4

Nondurable goods....................... 199 209 207 188 186 169 4.2 4.3 4.3 3.9 3.8 3.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,259 1,231 1,194 1,199 1,319 1,221 4.5 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.6 4.2

Wholesale trade......................... 169 185 161 153 152 141 3.0 3.1 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.4

Retail trade............................... 817 776 746 743 803 758 5.3 4.9 4.7 4.7 5.1 4.8

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 273 271 287 303 364 322 4.1 3.8 4.1 4.3 5.1 4.6

Information.................................. 106 86 95 90 99 84 3.7 2.9 3.1 3.0 3.3 2.8

Financial activities......................... 265 220 201 206 238 218 3.0 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.7 2.4

Finance and insurance................. 211 151 144 136 159 145 3.2 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.4 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 54 70 58 70 79 73 2.4 2.9 2.4 3.0 3.3 3.1

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,167 1,193 1,229 1,220 1,115 1,069 5.5 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.0 4.8

Education and health services........... 810 824 806 737 777 755 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.0 3.2 3.1

Educational services.................... 86 97 82 80 80 91 2.4 2.6 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.4

Health care and social assistance. . .. 724 728 723 657 696 664 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.2 3.4 3.2

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,043 1,069 1,074 1,006 1,144 1,020 7.2 6.9 6.9 6.4 7.3 6.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 146 161 156 159 159 136 7.0 7.0 6.8 6.9 6.9 5.9

Accommodation and food services. .. 897 908 918 847 986 883 7.2 6.8 6.9 6.3 7.3 6.5

Other services.............................. 247 228 229 204 224 203 4.5 4.0 4.0 3.6 3.9 3.5

Government................................... 350 368 390 344 365 392 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.6 1.8

Federal...................................... 44 46 47 40 40 42 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.5

State and local............................. 306 323 343 304 325 350 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.8

State and local education.............. 165 150 169 150 159 169 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 141 173 174 153 166 181 1.6 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.8 2.0

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 850 857 845 870 879 787 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.2 2.9

South........................................... 2,495 2,511 2,619 2,447 2,645 2,352 4.5 4.4 4.6 4.3 4.7 4.1

Midwest........................................ 1,319 1,216 1,230 1,208 1,168 1,275 4.1 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.8

West............................................ 1,344 1,432 1,315 1,268 1,366 1,275 3.9 4.1 3.7 3.6 3.8 3.6

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Sept.

2021

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Sept.

2021

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Total............................................... 4,253 4,274 4,253 4,058 4,184 4,061 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.7

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 4,042 4,048 4,012 3,850 3,965 3,820 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.9

Mining and logging......................... 10 17 16 13 14 12 1.7 2.7 2.5 2.1 2.2 2.0

Construction................................ 188 230 181 210 208 152 2.5 3.0 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.0

Manufacturing.............................. 311 317 327 287 286 247 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.2 1.9

Durable goods........................... 170 164 173 161 159 131 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.0 2.0 1.6

Nondurable goods....................... 141 153 154 127 127 116 3.0 3.2 3.2 2.6 2.6 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 976 916 933 869 940 908 3.5 3.2 3.3 3.0 3.3 3.2

Wholesale trade......................... 129 113 121 90 96 104 2.3 1.9 2.1 1.5 1.6 1.8

Retail trade............................... 667 611 603 578 591 585 4.3 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 181 192 209 200 254 219 2.7 2.7 3.0 2.8 3.6 3.1

Information.................................. 53 52 62 44 56 51 1.8 1.8 2.1 1.5 1.8 1.7

Financial activities......................... 147 132 142 156 149 153 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7

Finance and insurance................. 115 85 101 109 96 97 1.8 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 32 47 41 47 53 57 1.4 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4

Professional and business services. . . .. 757 766 763 776 671 729 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.0 3.2

Education and health services........... 631 624 609 534 580 574 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.3

Educational services.................... 58 68 58 52 53 54 1.6 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.4

Health care and social assistance. . .. 572 555 551 482 527 521 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.3 2.5 2.5

Leisure and hospitality.................... 836 859 827 833 912 844 5.7 5.5 5.3 5.3 5.8 5.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 89 89 78 83 75 69 4.2 3.9 3.4 3.6 3.3 3.0

Accommodation and food services. .. 748 770 749 750 837 775 6.0 5.8 5.6 5.6 6.2 5.7

Other services.............................. 135 136 151 127 150 148 2.4 2.4 2.7 2.2 2.6 2.6

Government................................... 211 225 241 208 219 241 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.1

Federal...................................... 23 23 23 21 22 22 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8

State and local............................. 188 203 218 187 196 220 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1

State and local education.............. 104 96 110 97 99 108 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.0

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 83 106 108 90 97 112 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.2

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 572 573 543 581 588 542 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.0

South........................................... 1,793 1,840 1,963 1,746 1,890 1,730 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.0

Midwest........................................ 900 871 829 831 800 886 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.7

West............................................ 987 990 918 900 907 904 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.5

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Sept.

2021

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Sept.

2021

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Total............................................... 1,405 1,416 1,400 1,390 1,490 1,328 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 1,329 1,335 1,317 1,317 1,405 1,247 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0

Mining and logging......................... 3 5 4 5 5 7 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.8 1.1

Construction................................ 108 97 135 134 120 178 1.5 1.3 1.8 1.7 1.6 2.3

Manufacturing.............................. 110 101 96 97 97 85 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7

Durable goods........................... 59 52 49 46 51 42 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5

Nondurable goods....................... 51 49 46 51 46 43 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 236 262 209 268 301 251 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.0 0.9

Wholesale trade......................... 32 61 34 48 42 25 0.6 1.0 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.4

Retail trade............................... 130 134 117 139 174 150 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.1 0.9

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 73 66 58 81 85 77 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.2 1.1

Information.................................. 40 28 27 34 38 25 1.4 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.3 0.8

Financial activities......................... 48 56 38 30 58 53 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.6

Finance and insurance................. 31 44 25 12 35 40 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.6

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 18 11 13 18 23 13 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.6

Professional and business services. . . .. 361 351 379 364 370 293 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.3

Education and health services........... 142 162 152 158 148 164 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7

Educational services.................... 23 25 19 23 23 35 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.9

Health care and social assistance. . .. 119 137 133 135 124 129 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6

Leisure and hospitality.................... 186 191 209 162 205 158 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 54 69 76 75 81 65 2.6 3.0 3.3 3.2 3.5 2.8

Accommodation and food services. .. 132 123 133 87 124 93 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.6 0.9 0.7

Other services.............................. 92 81 69 66 64 32 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.6

Government................................... 77 81 83 73 85 81 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4

Federal...................................... 8 10 7 6 7 7 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local............................. 68 70 76 68 78 75 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4

State and local education.............. 32 35 34 30 35 37 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 36 36 42 37 43 38 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 223 234 261 234 222 201 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7

South........................................... 575 556 492 574 598 496 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.9

Midwest........................................ 335 278 334 323 301 328 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0

West............................................ 273 349 313 259 369 304 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.9

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Sept.

2021

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Sept.

2021

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Total............................................... 349 328 356 346 383 299 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 287 265 290 283 322 229 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging......................... 2 1 1 1 2 1 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1

Construction................................ 10 9 10 11 11 14 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2

Manufacturing.............................. 18 20 22 30 34 30 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Durable goods........................... 12 13 16 19 21 20 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Nondurable goods....................... 6 7 6 11 13 10 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 47 53 52 62 78 62 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Wholesale trade......................... 8 10 5 15 14 12 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

Retail trade............................... 20 30 26 25 38 24 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 19 13 21 22 26 26 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

Information.................................. 13 6 5 12 5 8 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2

Financial activities......................... 70 33 21 20 31 12 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1

Finance and insurance................. 65 21 18 15 28 8 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.1

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 5 12 3 5 3 3 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Professional and business services. . . .. 48 76 87 81 75 47 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2

Education and health services........... 38 39 45 45 49 17 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Educational services.................... 5 3 5 5 4 3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance. . .. 33 35 40 40 45 14 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Leisure and hospitality.................... 21 19 38 11 28 18 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 3 3 2 1 3 2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services. .. 17 16 36 10 25 15 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1

Other services.............................. 21 10 9 11 10 23 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4

Government................................... 62 63 66 62 61 70 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal...................................... 13 13 17 13 11 14 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5

State and local............................. 50 49 49 50 50 56 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local education.............. 29 19 25 23 25 25 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 21 31 24 26 26 31 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 55 50 41 55 69 44 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

South........................................... 127 116 163 127 157 126 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2

Midwest........................................ 84 68 67 54 67 61 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

West............................................ 84 94 84 110 89 67 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment..

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 10,747 10,389 10,695 6.8 6.4 6.5

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 9,765 9,348 9,686 7.2 6.7 6.9

Mining and logging............................................... 32 26 29 5.2 3.9 4.3

Construction....................................................... 335 408 412 4.2 4.9 5.0

Manufacturing..................................................... 944 858 810 7.1 6.2 5.9

Durable goods.................................................. 568 522 483 6.9 6.1 5.7

Nondurable goods............................................. 375 336 327 7.4 6.4 6.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 2,096 1,698 1,675 7.0 5.6 5.5

Wholesale trade................................................ 309 330 232 5.1 5.3 3.8

Retail trade..................................................... 1,180 922 870 7.1 5.5 5.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 606 446 573 8.3 6.0 7.5

Information........................................................ 185 191 214 6.1 5.9 6.6

Financial activities................................................ 424 544 492 4.6 5.7 5.2

Finance and insurance........................................ 322 347 273 4.7 5.0 4.0

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 102 197 219 4.3 7.6 8.4

Professional and business services............................ 1,872 1,814 1,935 8.0 7.5 7.9

Education and health services.................................. 1,903 2,098 2,234 7.4 8.0 8.3

Educational services.......................................... 161 178 197 4.3 4.7 4.9

Health care and social assistance........................... 1,741 1,920 2,037 8.0 8.5 8.9

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 1,514 1,438 1,611 9.3 8.0 9.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 153 193 185 6.6 7.0 7.3

Accommodation and food services.......................... 1,360 1,245 1,427 9.7 8.2 9.5

Other services.................................................... 461 272 274 7.7 4.5 4.6

Government.......................................................... 982 1,041 1,009 4.2 4.6 4.3

Federal............................................................. 131 141 169 4.3 4.7 5.6

State and local.................................................... 851 900 840 4.2 4.6 4.1

State and local education..................................... 272 324 278 2.6 3.3 2.6

State and local, excluding education........................ 579 576 562 6.0 5.9 5.8

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 1,784 1,643 1,681 6.4 5.7 5.8

South................................................................. 4,115 4,156 4,273 7.0 6.8 7.0

Midwest............................................................... 2,444 2,179 2,358 7.1 6.2 6.6

West.................................................................. 2,404 2,412 2,382 6.5 6.3 6.3

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 6,621 7,153 6,127 4.5 4.7 4.0

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 6,190 6,420 5,686 4.9 4.9 4.4

Mining and logging............................................... 17 21 22 2.8 3.2 3.5

Construction....................................................... 339 348 348 4.5 4.4 4.4

Manufacturing..................................................... 486 507 388 3.9 3.9 3.0

Durable goods.................................................. 266 285 210 3.4 3.6 2.6

Nondurable goods............................................. 220 222 178 4.7 4.5 3.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,382 1,477 1,246 5.0 5.2 4.4

Wholesale trade................................................ 180 169 168 3.2 2.9 2.8

Retail trade..................................................... 867 927 733 5.6 5.9 4.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 334 381 345 5.0 5.5 4.9

Information........................................................ 122 116 108 4.2 3.8 3.6

Financial activities................................................ 291 241 226 3.3 2.7 2.5

Finance and insurance........................................ 226 165 149 3.5 2.5 2.3

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 65 76 77 2.8 3.2 3.2

Professional and business services............................ 1,241 1,176 1,097 5.8 5.2 4.9

Education and health services.................................. 910 1,037 920 3.8 4.3 3.7

Educational services.......................................... 146 175 139 4.0 4.9 3.6

Health care and social assistance........................... 764 863 781 3.8 4.2 3.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 1,156 1,239 1,083 7.8 7.5 6.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 149 132 124 6.9 5.2 5.3

Accommodation and food services.......................... 1,007 1,107 958 8.0 8.0 7.1

Other services.................................................... 245 257 248 4.4 4.5 4.3

Government.......................................................... 431 733 441 1.9 3.4 2.0

Federal............................................................. 46 41 44 1.6 1.4 1.5

State and local.................................................... 385 692 397 2.0 3.7 2.0

State and local education..................................... 220 501 236 2.1 5.3 2.3

State and local, excluding education........................ 165 191 161 1.8 2.1 1.8

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 1,028 916 927 3.9 3.4 3.4

South................................................................. 2,711 3,044 2,563 4.9 5.3 4.5

Midwest............................................................... 1,391 1,556 1,223 4.4 4.7 3.7

West.................................................................. 1,491 1,637 1,413 4.3 4.6 4.0

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 6,378 7,221 5,993 4.3 4.7 3.9

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 5,986 6,677 5,546 4.8 5.1 4.2

Mining and logging............................................... 14 23 20 2.5 3.6 3.1

Construction....................................................... 325 387 353 4.3 4.9 4.5

Manufacturing..................................................... 471 506 371 3.8 3.9 2.9

Durable goods.................................................. 257 286 198 3.3 3.6 2.5

Nondurable goods............................................. 213 221 173 4.5 4.5 3.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,262 1,551 1,231 4.6 5.4 4.3

Wholesale trade................................................ 173 176 145 3.0 3.0 2.4

Retail trade..................................................... 835 1,015 766 5.4 6.4 4.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 254 360 321 3.8 5.2 4.6

Information........................................................ 107 114 80 3.7 3.7 2.6

Financial activities................................................ 263 307 225 3.0 3.4 2.5

Finance and insurance........................................ 209 213 148 3.2 3.2 2.3

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 53 94 77 2.3 3.9 3.2

Professional and business services............................ 1,198 1,164 1,072 5.6 5.2 4.8

Education and health services.................................. 820 887 763 3.5 3.7 3.1

Educational services.......................................... 85 128 85 2.3 3.6 2.2

Health care and social assistance........................... 735 759 678 3.7 3.7 3.3

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 1,241 1,472 1,189 8.4 9.0 7.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 217 273 215 10.1 10.6 9.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 1,024 1,199 974 8.1 8.6 7.2

Other services.................................................... 286 266 242 5.2 4.6 4.2

Government.......................................................... 392 544 447 1.8 2.5 2.0

Federal............................................................. 43 46 39 1.5 1.6 1.4

State and local.................................................... 348 498 408 1.8 2.7 2.1

State and local education..................................... 151 249 159 1.5 2.7 1.5

State and local, excluding education........................ 197 249 249 2.2 2.7 2.7

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 992 1,095 895 3.8 4.1 3.3

South................................................................. 2,560 3,052 2,389 4.7 5.4 4.2

Midwest............................................................... 1,394 1,428 1,374 4.4 4.3 4.1

West.................................................................. 1,431 1,645 1,335 4.2 4.6 3.7

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 4,510 5,143 4,285 3.1 3.4 2.8

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,289 4,824 4,026 3.4 3.7 3.1

Mining and logging............................................... 10 16 13 1.8 2.6 2.0

Construction....................................................... 214 256 173 2.8 3.2 2.2

Manufacturing..................................................... 338 367 259 2.7 2.8 2.0

Durable goods.................................................. 187 207 141 2.4 2.6 1.8

Nondurable goods............................................. 151 160 118 3.2 3.3 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,007 1,135 940 3.6 4.0 3.3

Wholesale trade................................................ 135 121 109 2.4 2.0 1.8

Retail trade..................................................... 697 755 601 4.5 4.8 3.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 175 259 229 2.6 3.7 3.3

Information........................................................ 53 70 51 1.8 2.3 1.7

Financial activities................................................ 147 186 155 1.7 2.1 1.7

Finance and insurance........................................ 118 124 98 1.8 1.9 1.5

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 29 62 57 1.3 2.6 2.4

Professional and business services............................ 785 750 754 3.7 3.3 3.4

Education and health services.................................. 648 687 586 2.7 2.8 2.4

Educational services.......................................... 62 83 53 1.7 2.3 1.4

Health care and social assistance........................... 586 604 533 2.9 2.9 2.6

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 932 1,167 925 6.3 7.1 5.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 113 141 91 5.3 5.5 3.9

Accommodation and food services.......................... 818 1,026 833 6.5 7.4 6.1

Other services.................................................... 155 189 171 2.8 3.3 3.0

Government.......................................................... 222 319 259 1.0 1.5 1.2

Federal............................................................. 23 26 20 0.8 0.9 0.7

State and local.................................................... 198 292 239 1.0 1.6 1.2

State and local education..................................... 102 167 107 1.0 1.8 1.0

State and local, excluding education........................ 96 126 131 1.1 1.4 1.4

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 629 749 588 2.4 2.8 2.2

South................................................................. 1,829 2,217 1,761 3.3 3.9 3.1

Midwest............................................................... 970 1,030 959 3.0 3.1 2.9

West.................................................................. 1,083 1,147 976 3.1 3.2 2.7

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 1,527 1,656 1,412 1.0 1.1 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 1,410 1,502 1,287 1.1 1.1 1.0

Mining and logging............................................... 2 5 6 0.4 0.8 1.0

Construction....................................................... 100 119 166 1.3 1.5 2.1

Manufacturing..................................................... 117 104 85 0.9 0.8 0.7

Durable goods.................................................. 61 58 41 0.8 0.7 0.5

Nondurable goods............................................. 56 45 44 1.2 0.9 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 205 329 228 0.7 1.1 0.8

Wholesale trade................................................ 31 41 24 0.5 0.7 0.4

Retail trade..................................................... 117 212 141 0.8 1.3 0.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 58 76 63 0.9 1.1 0.9

Information........................................................ 41 39 21 1.4 1.3 0.7

Financial activities................................................ 47 81 58 0.5 0.9 0.6

Finance and insurance........................................ 28 53 43 0.4 0.8 0.7

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 19 28 15 0.8 1.2 0.6

Professional and business services............................ 365 342 273 1.7 1.5 1.2

Education and health services.................................. 137 145 160 0.6 0.6 0.7

Educational services.......................................... 19 40 29 0.5 1.1 0.8

Health care and social assistance........................... 118 105 131 0.6 0.5 0.6

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 287 272 246 1.9 1.7 1.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 99 127 121 4.6 5.0 5.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 187 145 125 1.5 1.0 0.9

Other services.................................................... 110 66 44 2.0 1.1 0.8

Government.......................................................... 116 154 125 0.5 0.7 0.6

Federal............................................................. 8 7 6 0.3 0.2 0.2

State and local.................................................... 108 147 119 0.6 0.8 0.6

State and local education..................................... 28 53 32 0.3 0.6 0.3

State and local, excluding education........................ 80 94 87 0.9 1.0 1.0

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 304 273 260 1.2 1.0 1.0

South................................................................. 609 652 506 1.1 1.1 0.9

Midwest............................................................... 339 320 349 1.1 1.0 1.1

West.................................................................. 275 411 298 0.8 1.2 0.8

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Sept.

2021

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 341 421 296 0.2 0.3 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 287 350 233 0.2 0.3 0.2

Mining and logging............................................... 2 2 1 0.3 0.2 0.1

Construction....................................................... 11 11 15 0.1 0.1 0.2

Manufacturing..................................................... 16 35 27 0.1 0.3 0.2

Durable goods.................................................. 9 21 17 0.1 0.3 0.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 6 15 10 0.1 0.3 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 50 87 64 0.2 0.3 0.2

Wholesale trade................................................ 7 14 11 0.1 0.2 0.2

Retail trade..................................................... 22 48 23 0.1 0.3 0.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 21 25 29 0.3 0.4 0.4

Information........................................................ 13 5 8 0.5 0.2 0.3

Financial activities................................................ 69 40 12 0.8 0.4 0.1

Finance and insurance........................................ 64 36 8 1.0 0.5 0.1

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 5 4 5 0.2 0.2 0.2

Professional and business services............................ 48 72 45 0.2 0.3 0.2

Education and health services.................................. 35 55 16 0.1 0.2 0.1

Educational services.......................................... 4 5 2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance........................... 31 50 14 0.2 0.2 0.1

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 23 33 18 0.2 0.2 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 4 5 3 0.2 0.2 0.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 19 28 16 0.1 0.2 0.1

Other services.................................................... 21 11 28 0.4 0.2 0.5

Government.......................................................... 54 71 63 0.2 0.3 0.3

Federal............................................................. 12 13 13 0.4 0.5 0.4

State and local.................................................... 42 58 50 0.2 0.3 0.3

State and local education..................................... 21 30 19 0.2 0.3 0.2

State and local, excluding education........................ 21 28 30 0.2 0.3 0.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 59 73 46 0.2 0.3 0.2

South................................................................. 123 184 123 0.2 0.3 0.2

Midwest............................................................... 85 78 66 0.3 0.2 0.2

West.................................................................. 74 87 61 0.2 0.2 0.2

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.