For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Monday, August 9, 2021 USDL-21-1465 

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JUNE 2021 

The number of job openings increased to a series high of 10.1 million on the last business day of June, 

the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires rose to 6.7 million and total separations edged 

up to 5.6 million. Within separations, the quits rate increased to 2.7 percent. The layoffs and discharges 

rate was unchanged at 0.9 percent, matching the series low reached last month. This release includes 

estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the total nonfarm sector, by 

industry, by four geographic regions, and by establishment size class. 

 Job Openings 

On the last business day of June, the job openings level increased to a series high of 10.1 million 

(+590,000). The job openings rate rose to 6.5 percent. Job openings increased in several industries, with 

the largest increases in professional and business services (+227,000); retail trade (+133,000); and 

accommodation and food services (+121,000). The number of job openings increased in the South 

region. (See table 1.) 

Hires 

In June, the number and rate of hires increased to 6.7 million (+697,000) and 4.6 percent, respectively. 

Hires increased in retail trade (+291,000); state and local government education (+94,000); and durable 

goods manufacturing (+36,000). The number of hires increased in the South and Midwest regions. (See 

table 2.) 

3.0

3.4

3.8

4.2

4.6

5.0

5.4

5.8

6.2

6.6

Jun‐18 Dec‐18 Jun‐19 Dec‐19 Jun‐20 Dec‐20 Jun‐21

Percent

Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted,

June 2018 - June 2021

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

Jun‐18 Dec‐18 Jun‐19 Dec‐19 Jun‐20 Dec‐20 Jun‐21

Hires

Separations

Percent

Chart 2. Hires and total separations rates, seasonally adjusted,

June 2018 - June 2021
- 2 - 

Separations 

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 

voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 

workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 

by the employer. Other separations includes separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 

to other locations of the same firm. 

In June, the number of total separations edged up to 5.6 million (+254,000). The rate was little changed 

at 3.8 percent. The total separations level increased in professional and business services (+124,000); 

durable goods manufacturing (+48,000); and state and local government, excluding education (+30,000). 

Total separations decreased in state and local government education (-43,000). Total separations was 

little changed in all four regions. (See table 3.) 

In June, the quits level and rate increased to 3.9 million (+239,000) and 2.7 percent, respectively. Quits 

increased in professional and business services (+72,000); durable goods manufacturing (+47,000); and 

state and local government, excluding education (+33,000). Quits decreased in state and local 

government education (-26,000). The number of quits increased in the South region. (See table 4.) 

In June, the number of layoffs and discharges was little changed at 1.3 million, a series low. The rate 

was unchanged at 0.9 percent, matching last month’s series low. Layoffs and discharges were little 

changed in all four regions. (See table 5.) 

The number of other separations increased in June to 405,000 (+58,000). Other separations increased 

in professional and business services (+43,000) and in durable goods manufacturing (+6,000). Other 

separations decreased in arts, entertainment, and recreation (-4,000). The other separations level was 

little changed in all four regions. (See table 6.) 

Net Change in Employment 

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 

employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 

hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 

Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 

if the hires level is steady or rising. 

Over the 12 months ending in June, hires totaled 72.1 million and separations totaled 65.2 million, 

yielding a net employment gain of 6.9 million. These totals include workers who may have been hired 

and separated more than once during the year. 

Establishment Size Class 

In June, the job openings rate increased in large establishments with 250-999 employees, 1,000-4,999 

employees, and 5,000 or more employees. The hires rate increased in medium establishments with 50-

249 employees and in large establishments with 250-999 employees and 5,000 or more employees. The 

quits rate and the layoffs and discharges rate for large establishments with 250-999 employees increased 

in June. The other separations rate increased in large establishments with 1,000-4,999 employees. For a 

more in-depth description of the JOLTS establishment size class estimates, please visit 

www.bls.gov/jlt/sizeclassmethodology.htm. 
- 3 - 

 

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for July 2021 are scheduled to be 

released on Wednesday, September 8, 2021 at 10:00 a.m. (ET). 

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Impact on June 2021 

 Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey Data 

Data collection for the JOLTS survey was affected by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. While 42 

percent of data are usually collected by phone at the JOLTS data collection center, most phone 

respondents were asked to report electronically. However, data collection was adversely impacted due to 

the inability to reach some respondents that normally respond by phone. The JOLTS weighted response 

rate for June was 53 percent, while weighted response rates prior to the pandemic averaged 67 percent. 

More information about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the JOLTS survey, including 

information about the JOLTS estimation methodology, is available at www.bls.gov/covid19/jobopenings-and-labor-turnover-covid19-june-2021.htm. 
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY

(in thousands)

Total................................................... 6,112 9,483 10,073 7,697 6,022 6,719 5,180 5,330 5,584

Total private....................................... 5,436 8,601 9,154 7,435 5,703 6,286 4,718 5,047 5,311

Mining and logging............................. 19 26 27 12 23 26 25 21 19

Construction.................................... 238 317 339 521 304 358 342 334 365

Manufacturing.................................. 336 853 826 496 427 469 425 380 436

Durable goods............................... 169 480 465 270 235 271 258 199 247

Nondurable goods........................... 168 373 362 226 192 198 167 181 189

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 1,123 1,687 1,884 1,512 1,271 1,569 1,074 1,174 1,254

Wholesale trade............................. 155 277 271 169 163 164 166 142 136

Retail trade................................... 658 1,020 1,153 1,011 832 1,123 627 768 847

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities...................................... 311 390 460 331 277 282 281 264 271

Information...................................... 104 140 171 53 99 91 74 78 84

Financial activities.............................. 333 392 349 194 201 200 216 195 201

Finance and insurance..................... 248 289 252 127 130 136 153 135 141

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . .. 85 103 97 67 70 64 62 60 60

Professional and business services......... 1,016 1,562 1,789 1,176 1,049 1,172 888 969 1,093

Education and health services............... 1,070 1,630 1,683 921 760 774 678 691 697

Educational services........................ 92 169 181 117 102 119 56 68 69

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 978 1,461 1,502 804 658 654 622 624 628

Leisure and hospitality........................ 918 1,511 1,650 2,127 1,346 1,353 800 987 962

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 116 194 211 181 186 174 129 122 113

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 802 1,317 1,438 1,946 1,160 1,179 670 866 849

Other services.................................. 278 483 437 424 222 274 195 216 201

Government....................................... 676 882 919 262 319 433 462 284 273

Federal.......................................... 121 126 132 37 35 39 44 44 46

State and local................................. 555 756 787 225 284 394 419 240 227

State and local education.................. 184 322 402 125 180 274 266 104 61

State and local, excluding education. . . .. 371 433 385 100 104 120 153 136 166

RATES BY INDUSTRY

(percent)

Total................................................... 4.2 6.1 6.5 5.6 4.2 4.6 3.8 3.7 3.8

Total private....................................... 4.5 6.5 6.9 6.4 4.6 5.1 4.1 4.1 4.3

Mining and logging............................. 3.1 4.0 4.0 2.1 3.8 4.1 4.2 3.4 2.9

Construction.................................... 3.2 4.1 4.4 7.3 4.1 4.8 4.8 4.5 4.9

Manufacturing.................................. 2.7 6.5 6.3 4.1 3.5 3.8 3.5 3.1 3.5

Durable goods............................... 2.2 5.9 5.7 3.6 3.1 3.5 3.5 2.6 3.2

Nondurable goods........................... 3.6 7.4 7.2 5.0 4.1 4.3 3.7 3.9 4.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 4.1 5.8 6.5 5.8 4.7 5.8 4.1 4.3 4.6

Wholesale trade............................. 2.7 4.6 4.5 3.0 2.9 2.9 3.0 2.5 2.4

Retail trade................................... 4.3 6.3 7.0 7.0 5.5 7.3 4.3 5.0 5.5

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities...................................... 5.0 5.9 6.8 5.6 4.4 4.5 4.8 4.2 4.3

Information...................................... 3.8 4.9 5.9 2.0 3.6 3.3 2.9 2.9 3.1

Financial activities.............................. 3.7 4.3 3.8 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.2 2.3

Finance and insurance..................... 3.7 4.2 3.7 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.1 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . .. 3.8 4.3 4.1 3.1 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.6

Professional and business services......... 4.9 7.0 7.9 6.0 5.1 5.6 4.5 4.7 5.2

Education and health services............... 4.5 6.5 6.7 4.1 3.2 3.3 3.0 2.9 3.0

Educational services........................ 2.7 4.6 4.9 3.5 2.9 3.4 1.7 1.9 2.0

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 4.8 6.8 7.0 4.2 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.1

Leisure and hospitality........................ 7.0 9.5 10.1 17.5 9.4 9.2 6.6 6.9 6.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 7.1 9.0 9.4 11.9 9.5 8.5 8.5 6.2 5.5

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 7.0 9.6 10.2 18.3 9.3 9.3 6.3 7.0 6.7

Other services.................................. 5.1 8.0 7.2 8.2 4.0 4.8 3.8 3.9 3.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

Government....................................... 3.1 3.9 4.0 1.2 1.5 2.0 2.2 1.3 1.2

Federal.......................................... 4.0 4.2 4.4 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6

State and local................................. 2.9 3.9 4.0 1.2 1.5 2.1 2.3 1.3 1.2

State and local education.................. 1.9 3.2 3.8 1.3 1.8 2.7 2.7 1.1 0.6

State and local, excluding education. . . .. 4.1 4.6 4.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.7 1.5 1.9

p Preliminary
Technical Note

Special technical note: This technical note 

describes the procedures regularly used on a monthly 

basis to develop estimates from JOLTS survey 

responses. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, some of 

the procedures described in this technical note have 

been modified. The modifications are briefly 

described in the box note in the news release and are 

described in more detail at 

www.bls.gov/covid19/effects-of-covid-19-pandemicon-job-openings-and-labor-turnover-data.htm.

This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

JOLTS program provides information on labor 

demand and turnover. Additional information about 

the JOLTS program can be found at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job 

openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other 

separations, and total separations. The JOLTS 

program covers all private nonfarm establishments, 

as well as civilian federal, state, and local 

government entities in the 50 states and the District 

of Columbia. Industries are classified in accordance 

with the North American Industry Classification 

System.

Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on 

the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay 

period that includes the 12th day of the reference 

month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, 

seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are 

included, as are employees on paid vacation or other 

paid leave. Proprietors or partners of unincorporated 

businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on 

strike for the entire pay period, and employees on 

leave without pay for the entire pay period are not 

counted as employed. Employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where 

they are working. JOLTS does not publish 

employment estimates but uses the reported 

employment for validation of the other reported data 

elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all 

positions that are open on the last business day of the 

reference month. A job is open only if it meets all 

three of these conditions: 

 A specific position exists and there is work 

available for that position. The position can 

be full-time or part-time, and it can be 

permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 

 The job could start within 30 days, whether 

or not the employer can find a suitable 

candidate during that time. 

 The employer is actively recruiting workers 

from outside the establishment to fill the 

position. Active recruiting means that the 

establishment is taking steps to fill a 

position. It may include advertising in 

newspapers, on television, or on the radio; 

posting Internet notices, posting “help 

wanted” signs, networking or making 

“word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting 

applications; interviewing candidates; 

contacting employment agencies; or 

soliciting employees at job fairs, state or 

local employment offices, or similar

sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal 

transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from 

layoffs. Also excluded are openings for positions 

with start dates more than 30 days in the future, 

positions for which employees have been hired but 

the employees have not yet reported for work, and 

positions to be filled by employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 

computed by dividing the number of job openings by 

the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll 

during the entire reference month, including newly 

hired and rehired employees; full-time and part-time 

employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal 

employees; employees who were recalled to a job at 

the location following a layoff (formal suspension 

from pay status) lasting more than 7 days; on-call or 

intermittent employees who returned to work after 

having been formally separated; workers who were 

hired and separated during the month, and transfers 

from other locations. Excluded are transfers or 

promotions within the reporting location, employees 

returning from strike, employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is 

computed by dividing the number of hires by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.
Separations. Separations include all separations 

from the payroll during the entire reference month 

and is reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs 

and discharges, and other separations. Quits include 

employees who left voluntarily with the exception of 

retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs 

and discharges includes involuntary separations 

initiated by the employer including layoffs with no 

intent to rehire; layoffs (formal suspensions from pay 

status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; 

discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or 

closings; firings or other discharges for cause; 

terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 

and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or 

not they are expected to return the next season). 

Other separations include retirements, transfers to 

other locations, separations due to employee 

disability; and deaths. Excluded from separations are

transfers within the same location; employees on 

strike; employees of temporary help agencies, 

employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or 

consultants. The separations rate is computed by 

dividing the number of separations by employment 

and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, 

layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are 

computed similarly.

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random 

sample of 20,700 nonfarm business and government 

establishments. The sample is stratified by 

ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment 

size class. The establishments are drawn from a 

universe of over 9.4 million establishments compiled 

by the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages 

(QCEW) program which includes all employers 

subject to state unemployment insurance laws and 

federal agencies subject to the Unemployment 

Compensation for Federal Employees program.

Employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio 

adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment 

estimates of the Current Employment Statistics 

(CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment 

is used to adjust the levels for all other JOLTS data 

elements.

Birth/death model. The time lag from the start 

up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance 

on the sampling frame is approximately one year. 

Also within the first year, new businesses may go out 

of business, referred to as a death. Because not all 

births and deaths of establishments can be reflected 

on the sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS 

sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and 

separations from them during their early existence. 

BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses 

establishment birth and death activity from previous 

years. The estimates of job openings, hires, and 

separations produced by the birth/death model are 

added to the sample-based estimates produced from 

the survey to arrive at the estimates for job openings, 

hires, and separations.

Alignment. The JOLTS figure for hires minus 

separations can be used to derive a measure of net 

employment change. This change should be 

comparable to the net employment change from the 

much larger CES survey. However, definitional 

differences as well as sampling and nonsampling 

errors between the two surveys historically caused 

JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the 

divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

monthly alignment method. There are four steps to 

this method: seasonally adjust, align, back out the 

seasonal adjustment factors, and seasonally adjust

again.

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses X-13 ARIMA 

for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal 

adjustment methodology is used in which new 

seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each

month, using all relevant data up to and including 

current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors 

at the beginning and end of the series and to detect 

and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally 

adjusted CES employment trends are applied to the 

seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment 

trends (hires minus separations) forcing them to be 

approximately the same, while preserving the 

seasonality of the JOLTS data. 

Annual estimates. The JOLTS estimates are 

revised annually to reflect annual updates to the CES 

employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal 

adjustment factors. The JOLTS employment levels 

are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and 

the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data 

elements. The seasonally adjusted data are 

recalculated for the most recent 5 years in order to 

reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors. These 
annual updates result in revisions to both the 

seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted 

JOLTS data series, for the period since the last 

benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and 

discharges, other separations, and total separations 

are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. 

Annual rates are computed by dividing the annual 

level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) 

annual average employment level, and multiplying 

that quotient by 100. This figure will be 

approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly 

rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates 

are published only for not seasonally adjusted data 

and are released with the January news release each 

year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job 

openings because job openings are a stock, or pointin-time, measurement for the last business day of 

each month.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling 

and nonsampling error. Nonsampling error occurs 

when a sample is surveyed rather than the entire 

population. There is a chance that the sample

estimates may differ from the true population values 

they represent. The difference, or sampling error, 

varies depending on the particular sample selected.

This variability is measured by the standard error of 

the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at 

the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that 

there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no 

more than 1.6 standard errors from the true

population value because of sampling error. 

Sampling error estimates are available at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by 

nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for 

many reasons including: the failure to include a 

segment of the population; the inability to obtain data 

from all units in the sample; the inability or 

unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 

timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors 

made in the collection or processing of the data; and 

errors from the employment benchmark data used in 

estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available 

to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice 

phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 

877-8339.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021

June

2021p

June

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021

June

2021p

Total............................................... 6,112 7,526 8,288 9,193 9,483 10,073 4.2 5.0 5.4 6.0 6.1 6.5

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 5,436 6,868 7,446 8,263 8,601 9,154 4.5 5.3 5.7 6.3 6.5 6.9

Mining and logging......................... 19 20 31 23 26 27 3.1 3.3 4.8 3.6 4.0 4.0

Construction................................ 238 272 334 351 317 339 3.2 3.6 4.3 4.5 4.1 4.4

Manufacturing.............................. 336 572 749 825 853 826 2.7 4.5 5.7 6.3 6.5 6.3

Durable goods........................... 169 298 393 462 480 465 2.2 3.8 4.9 5.7 5.9 5.7

Nondurable goods....................... 168 273 356 364 373 362 3.6 5.6 7.1 7.2 7.4 7.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,123 1,396 1,562 1,644 1,687 1,884 4.1 4.9 5.4 5.7 5.8 6.5

Wholesale trade......................... 155 216 256 285 277 271 2.7 3.7 4.3 4.8 4.6 4.5

Retail trade............................... 658 819 899 955 1,020 1,153 4.3 5.1 5.6 5.9 6.3 7.0

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 311 361 406 404 390 460 5.0 5.5 6.1 6.1 5.9 6.8

Information.................................. 104 109 102 114 140 171 3.8 3.9 3.7 4.0 4.9 5.9

Financial activities......................... 333 303 346 416 392 349 3.7 3.3 3.8 4.5 4.3 3.8

Finance and insurance................. 248 229 264 292 289 252 3.7 3.4 3.9 4.3 4.2 3.7

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 85 74 82 124 103 97 3.8 3.2 3.5 5.2 4.3 4.1

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,016 1,373 1,421 1,591 1,562 1,789 4.9 6.2 6.4 7.1 7.0 7.9

Education and health services........... 1,070 1,592 1,431 1,529 1,630 1,683 4.5 6.4 5.8 6.1 6.5 6.7

Educational services.................... 92 105 144 130 169 181 2.7 3.0 4.0 3.6 4.6 4.9

Health care and social assistance. . .. 978 1,486 1,287 1,400 1,461 1,502 4.8 7.0 6.1 6.5 6.8 7.0

Leisure and hospitality.................... 918 942 1,195 1,405 1,511 1,650 7.0 6.5 8.0 9.1 9.5 10.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 116 134 206 247 194 211 7.1 7.2 10.3 11.5 9.0 9.4

Accommodation and food services. .. 802 808 989 1,159 1,317 1,438 7.0 6.4 7.7 8.7 9.6 10.2

Other services.............................. 278 289 275 364 483 437 5.1 5.0 4.7 6.1 8.0 7.2

Government................................... 676 658 843 930 882 919 3.1 3.0 3.8 4.1 3.9 4.0

Federal...................................... 121 88 126 143 126 132 4.0 3.0 4.2 4.7 4.2 4.4

State and local............................. 555 570 717 787 756 787 2.9 3.0 3.7 4.0 3.9 4.0

State and local education.............. 184 175 267 288 322 402 1.9 1.8 2.7 2.9 3.2 3.8

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 371 395 450 500 433 385 4.1 4.2 4.8 5.3 4.6 4.1

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 1,107 1,294 1,524 1,645 1,694 1,761 4.2 4.7 5.5 5.9 6.0 6.2

South........................................... 2,316 2,972 3,163 3,509 3,594 3,864 4.4 5.3 5.6 6.2 6.3 6.7

Midwest........................................ 1,360 1,593 1,783 2,069 2,064 2,210 4.4 4.9 5.4 6.2 6.2 6.5

West............................................ 1,329 1,667 1,818 1,970 2,131 2,238 4.0 4.7 5.1 5.5 5.9 6.2

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021

June

2021p

June

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021

June

2021p

Total............................................... 7,697 5,794 6,006 6,012 6,022 6,719 5.6 4.0 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.6

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 7,435 5,490 5,646 5,661 5,703 6,286 6.4 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.6 5.1

Mining and logging......................... 12 19 31 21 23 26 2.1 3.2 5.0 3.5 3.8 4.1

Construction................................ 521 399 442 328 304 358 7.3 5.4 5.9 4.4 4.1 4.8

Manufacturing.............................. 496 393 434 399 427 469 4.1 3.2 3.5 3.3 3.5 3.8

Durable goods........................... 270 218 255 216 235 271 3.6 2.9 3.3 2.8 3.1 3.5

Nondurable goods....................... 226 175 180 183 192 198 5.0 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.1 4.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,512 1,118 1,156 1,210 1,271 1,569 5.8 4.1 4.3 4.5 4.7 5.8

Wholesale trade......................... 169 139 148 170 163 164 3.0 2.5 2.6 3.0 2.9 2.9

Retail trade............................... 1,011 734 755 793 832 1,123 7.0 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.5 7.3

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 331 245 252 246 277 282 5.6 3.9 4.0 3.9 4.4 4.5

Information.................................. 53 88 94 101 99 91 2.0 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.6 3.3

Financial activities......................... 194 199 209 211 201 200 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3

Finance and insurance................. 127 131 132 141 130 136 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 67 68 77 70 70 64 3.1 3.0 3.4 3.1 3.1 2.9

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,176 1,129 1,129 1,056 1,049 1,172 6.0 5.5 5.4 5.1 5.1 5.6

Education and health services........... 921 703 754 749 760 774 4.1 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3

Educational services.................... 117 86 114 88 102 119 3.5 2.5 3.3 2.5 2.9 3.4

Health care and social assistance. . .. 804 617 640 661 658 654 4.2 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3

Leisure and hospitality.................... 2,127 1,194 1,172 1,336 1,346 1,353 17.5 8.8 8.5 9.5 9.4 9.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 181 135 157 187 186 174 11.9 7.8 8.8 9.8 9.5 8.5

Accommodation and food services. .. 1,946 1,059 1,015 1,150 1,160 1,179 18.3 9.0 8.5 9.4 9.3 9.3

Other services.............................. 424 248 226 249 222 274 8.2 4.5 4.1 4.5 4.0 4.8

Government................................... 262 304 360 351 319 433 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.5 2.0

Federal...................................... 37 37 35 43 35 39 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.2 1.4

State and local............................. 225 267 325 308 284 394 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.5 2.1

State and local education.............. 125 121 162 159 180 274 1.3 1.3 1.7 1.6 1.8 2.7

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 100 146 164 149 104 120 1.1 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.2 1.3

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 1,414 967 997 961 880 978 5.6 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.3 3.7

South........................................... 2,614 2,184 2,295 2,359 2,442 2,628 5.2 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.9

Midwest........................................ 1,846 1,322 1,295 1,290 1,278 1,648 6.2 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.1 5.2

West............................................ 1,822 1,321 1,419 1,401 1,421 1,465 5.6 3.9 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.3

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021

June

2021p

June

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021

June

2021p

Total............................................... 5,180 5,429 5,436 5,803 5,330 5,584 3.8 3.8 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.8

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 4,718 5,078 5,100 5,478 5,047 5,311 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.5 4.1 4.3

Mining and logging......................... 25 22 14 20 21 19 4.2 3.7 2.3 3.3 3.4 2.9

Construction................................ 342 426 358 349 334 365 4.8 5.8 4.8 4.7 4.5 4.9

Manufacturing.............................. 425 369 402 427 380 436 3.5 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.1 3.5

Durable goods........................... 258 200 229 240 199 247 3.5 2.6 3.0 3.2 2.6 3.2

Nondurable goods....................... 167 169 172 187 181 189 3.7 3.7 3.7 4.0 3.9 4.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,074 1,118 1,120 1,313 1,174 1,254 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.8 4.3 4.6

Wholesale trade......................... 166 139 141 169 142 136 3.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 2.5 2.4

Retail trade............................... 627 746 726 832 768 847 4.3 4.9 4.8 5.5 5.0 5.5

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 281 233 253 312 264 271 4.8 3.7 4.0 5.0 4.2 4.3

Information.................................. 74 79 89 84 78 84 2.9 2.9 3.3 3.1 2.9 3.1

Financial activities......................... 216 201 198 200 195 201 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.3

Finance and insurance................. 153 132 132 139 135 141 2.4 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 62 69 66 61 60 60 2.9 3.1 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.6

Professional and business services. . . .. 888 1,062 1,058 1,126 969 1,093 4.5 5.1 5.1 5.4 4.7 5.2

Education and health services........... 678 670 678 721 691 697 3.0 2.9 2.9 3.1 2.9 3.0

Educational services.................... 56 80 80 92 68 69 1.7 2.4 2.3 2.7 1.9 2.0

Health care and social assistance. . .. 622 590 598 628 624 628 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1

Leisure and hospitality.................... 800 904 981 1,021 987 962 6.6 6.7 7.1 7.2 6.9 6.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 129 126 116 108 122 113 8.5 7.3 6.4 5.7 6.2 5.5

Accommodation and food services. .. 670 778 865 913 866 849 6.3 6.6 7.2 7.5 7.0 6.7

Other services.............................. 195 225 203 218 216 201 3.8 4.1 3.7 3.9 3.9 3.6

Government................................... 462 351 335 325 284 273 2.2 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.2

Federal...................................... 44 40 36 38 44 46 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.6

State and local............................. 419 311 299 287 240 227 2.3 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.2

State and local education.............. 266 162 149 143 104 61 2.7 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.1 0.6

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 153 149 150 144 136 166 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.9

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 851 836 815 838 784 795 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.0 3.0

South........................................... 2,002 2,154 2,197 2,350 2,119 2,226 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.4 4.0 4.2

Midwest........................................ 1,097 1,200 1,200 1,268 1,209 1,297 3.7 3.9 3.9 4.1 3.9 4.1

West............................................ 1,231 1,240 1,223 1,347 1,218 1,267 3.8 3.7 3.6 4.0 3.6 3.7

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021

June

2021p

June

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021

June

2021p

Total............................................... 2,646 3,383 3,568 3,992 3,630 3,869 1.9 2.4 2.5 2.8 2.5 2.7

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 2,450 3,184 3,387 3,810 3,470 3,701 2.1 2.6 2.8 3.1 2.8 3.0

Mining and logging......................... 9 12 9 11 10 12 1.4 2.1 1.5 1.9 1.7 1.9

Construction................................ 139 168 198 176 156 171 1.9 2.3 2.7 2.4 2.1 2.3

Manufacturing.............................. 199 258 262 286 245 307 1.7 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.0 2.5

Durable goods........................... 107 140 150 155 120 167 1.4 1.8 2.0 2.0 1.6 2.2

Nondurable goods....................... 92 118 113 132 126 140 2.0 2.5 2.4 2.8 2.7 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 613 753 787 947 851 894 2.4 2.8 2.9 3.5 3.1 3.3

Wholesale trade......................... 82 82 89 111 90 99 1.5 1.4 1.6 2.0 1.6 1.7

Retail trade............................... 407 542 543 629 596 632 2.8 3.6 3.6 4.1 3.9 4.1

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 125 129 155 206 166 163 2.1 2.1 2.5 3.3 2.6 2.6

Information.................................. 31 40 57 52 45 52 1.2 1.5 2.1 1.9 1.6 1.9

Financial activities......................... 92 132 122 141 121 128 1.1 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.4 1.5

Finance and insurance................. 66 85 80 102 86 80 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.6 1.3 1.2

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 25 47 42 40 35 48 1.2 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.6 2.1

Professional and business services. . . .. 412 604 613 763 614 686 2.1 2.9 2.9 3.7 3.0 3.3

Education and health services........... 424 458 507 551 523 539 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.2 2.3

Educational services.................... 21 44 46 52 51 50 0.6 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.4

Health care and social assistance. . .. 403 413 460 499 472 489 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.4

Leisure and hospitality.................... 440 625 703 752 762 778 3.6 4.6 5.1 5.3 5.3 5.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 26 51 52 57 59 55 1.7 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.0 2.7

Accommodation and food services. .. 414 574 650 695 703 722 3.9 4.9 5.4 5.7 5.7 5.7

Other services.............................. 91 134 129 131 143 134 1.8 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.4

Government................................... 195 199 181 182 160 168 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8

Federal...................................... 18 19 16 18 22 23 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8

State and local............................. 178 181 164 165 138 145 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.8

State and local education.............. 101 98 84 84 64 38 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.4

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 77 83 80 81 74 107 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.2

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 396 456 491 507 458 501 1.6 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.9

South........................................... 1,071 1,406 1,505 1,696 1,487 1,588 2.1 2.7 2.8 3.2 2.8 3.0

Midwest........................................ 603 749 780 873 827 894 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.8 2.6 2.8

West............................................ 575 772 792 916 858 885 1.8 2.3 2.3 2.7 2.5 2.6

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021

June

2021p

June

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021

June

2021p

Total............................................... 2,204 1,723 1,525 1,450 1,353 1,310 1.6 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 2,030 1,636 1,433 1,365 1,281 1,255 1.7 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0

Mining and logging......................... 15 8 4 7 8 6 2.5 1.4 0.6 1.2 1.3 0.9

Construction................................ 191 243 149 158 160 184 2.7 3.3 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.5

Manufacturing.............................. 205 86 119 112 110 98 1.7 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8

Durable goods........................... 139 45 65 65 64 60 1.9 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8

Nondurable goods....................... 66 41 54 47 45 38 1.5 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 421 319 279 278 278 293 1.6 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1

Wholesale trade......................... 79 46 41 45 45 24 1.4 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.4

Retail trade............................... 199 182 148 148 149 180 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.2

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 143 91 90 85 84 89 2.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4

Information.................................. 38 27 27 24 27 23 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.8

Financial activities......................... 99 53 63 38 43 41 1.2 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.5

Finance and insurance................. 71 32 40 21 24 36 1.1 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 29 21 23 17 19 5 1.3 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.2

Professional and business services. . . .. 419 398 357 292 278 288 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.4

Education and health services........... 199 173 130 142 122 108 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5

Educational services.................... 33 31 29 35 14 16 1.0 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.4 0.5

Health care and social assistance. . .. 166 142 102 107 108 92 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Leisure and hospitality.................... 340 248 244 235 199 156 2.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.4 1.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 100 72 61 48 55 55 6.6 4.2 3.4 2.5 2.8 2.7

Accommodation and food services. .. 240 176 182 187 144 101 2.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.2 0.8

Other services.............................. 103 81 61 77 57 59 2.0 1.5 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.0

Government................................... 173 86 92 86 72 55 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3

Federal...................................... 14 11 9 9 9 10 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4

State and local............................. 159 75 83 77 63 45 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2

State and local education.............. 114 36 42 39 27 14 1.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.1

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 45 39 41 38 36 31 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 405 323 263 269 273 227 1.6 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9

South........................................... 810 619 562 519 491 491 1.6 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9

Midwest........................................ 423 382 349 321 315 318 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0

West............................................ 565 399 351 341 274 274 1.8 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021

June

2021p

June

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021

June

2021p

Total............................................... 331 323 343 360 347 405 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 237 257 280 303 295 355 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Mining and logging......................... 1 1 1 2 3 1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.2

Construction................................ 11 15 10 14 19 10 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1

Manufacturing.............................. 22 26 21 28 25 32 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Durable goods........................... 13 15 15 21 15 21 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3

Nondurable goods....................... 9 11 6 8 10 11 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 40 46 53 88 45 67 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Wholesale trade......................... 5 11 11 12 8 14 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Retail trade............................... 22 23 35 55 23 35 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 13 13 7 20 14 19 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.3

Information.................................. 5 12 4 8 6 9 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3

Financial activities......................... 25 17 13 21 31 32 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4

Finance and insurance................. 16 15 13 16 25 26 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 9 1 1 4 6 7 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.3

Professional and business services. . . .. 57 60 89 71 76 119 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.6

Education and health services........... 55 40 41 28 47 50 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Educational services.................... 1 5 5 6 3 2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance. . .. 53 35 36 22 44 47 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality.................... 20 31 35 34 26 28 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 3 3 2 3 7 3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1

Accommodation and food services. .. 17 28 33 31 19 26 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

Other services.............................. 1 10 13 10 16 8 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1

Government................................... 94 66 63 57 52 50 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

Federal...................................... 12 11 11 12 13 13 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5

State and local............................. 82 55 51 46 39 37 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local education.............. 51 27 23 20 13 8 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 31 28 28 25 27 29 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 49 56 62 62 53 66 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

South........................................... 121 129 129 135 140 147 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

Midwest........................................ 71 69 71 74 67 85 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

West............................................ 90 69 80 90 87 108 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment..

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

Total..................................................................... 6,038 9,700 10,342 4.2 6.3 6.6

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 5,335 8,764 9,287 4.4 6.6 6.9

Mining and logging............................................... 19 26 27 3.0 4.0 4.0

Construction....................................................... 240 351 345 3.2 4.5 4.3

Manufacturing..................................................... 352 902 869 2.8 6.8 6.6

Durable goods.................................................. 179 507 493 2.3 6.2 6.0

Nondurable goods............................................. 173 395 376 3.7 7.8 7.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,117 1,661 1,939 4.1 5.8 6.6

Wholesale trade................................................ 161 281 284 2.8 4.7 4.7

Retail trade..................................................... 649 981 1,179 4.3 6.1 7.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 307 399 476 5.0 6.1 7.1

Information........................................................ 91 138 160 3.4 4.8 5.5

Financial activities................................................ 316 368 334 3.5 4.0 3.6

Finance and insurance........................................ 229 267 232 3.4 3.9 3.4

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 87 101 102 3.8 4.3 4.3

Professional and business services............................ 992 1,575 1,788 4.8 7.1 7.9

Education and health services.................................. 1,015 1,627 1,670 4.3 6.5 6.7

Educational services.......................................... 88 176 185 2.7 4.8 5.3

Health care and social assistance........................... 927 1,450 1,485 4.6 6.8 6.9

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 936 1,626 1,734 6.9 10.0 10.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 118 221 222 6.5 9.9 8.8

Accommodation and food services.......................... 818 1,405 1,513 7.0 10.0 10.4

Other services.................................................... 259 491 422 4.7 8.1 6.9

Government.......................................................... 702 936 1,055 3.2 4.1 4.6

Federal............................................................. 123 126 137 4.1 4.2 4.5

State and local.................................................... 580 810 919 3.1 4.1 4.7

State and local education..................................... 207 368 531 2.2 3.5 5.2

State and local, excluding education........................ 373 442 387 4.0 4.7 4.1

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 1,070 1,757 1,782 4.1 6.2 6.3

South................................................................. 2,294 3,627 3,956 4.3 6.4 6.8

Midwest............................................................... 1,336 2,145 2,261 4.3 6.4 6.7

West.................................................................. 1,337 2,170 2,344 4.0 6.0 6.4

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

Total..................................................................... 8,535 6,681 7,659 6.2 4.6 5.2

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 8,192 6,346 7,163 7.0 5.1 5.7

Mining and logging............................................... 15 24 30 2.5 3.9 4.7

Construction....................................................... 593 392 426 8.1 5.2 5.6

Manufacturing..................................................... 561 463 546 4.6 3.8 4.4

Durable goods.................................................. 307 259 313 4.1 3.4 4.1

Nondurable goods............................................. 254 204 232 5.6 4.4 5.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,538 1,342 1,618 5.9 5.0 5.9

Wholesale trade................................................ 187 167 184 3.3 2.9 3.2

Retail trade..................................................... 1,044 907 1,161 7.2 6.0 7.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 307 268 273 5.3 4.3 4.4

Information........................................................ 63 118 98 2.4 4.3 3.6

Financial activities................................................ 229 220 228 2.6 2.5 2.6

Finance and insurance........................................ 144 139 151 2.2 2.1 2.3

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 84 81 77 3.9 3.6 3.4

Professional and business services............................ 1,311 1,097 1,343 6.7 5.3 6.4

Education and health services.................................. 952 736 819 4.2 3.1 3.5

Educational services.......................................... 119 80 124 3.8 2.3 3.7

Health care and social assistance........................... 833 656 695 4.3 3.3 3.5

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 2,433 1,671 1,693 19.3 11.4 11.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 310 319 287 18.2 15.8 12.5

Accommodation and food services.......................... 2,124 1,352 1,406 19.4 10.7 10.8

Other services.................................................... 497 285 364 9.5 5.1 6.4

Government.......................................................... 343 334 495 1.6 1.5 2.3

Federal............................................................. 42 41 42 1.5 1.4 1.4

State and local.................................................... 301 293 454 1.6 1.5 2.4

State and local education..................................... 96 131 241 1.0 1.3 2.5

State and local, excluding education........................ 204 162 212 2.3 1.8 2.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 1,649 1,000 1,222 6.5 3.8 4.6

South................................................................. 2,828 2,655 2,932 5.6 5.0 5.4

Midwest............................................................... 2,053 1,506 1,835 6.8 4.8 5.8

West.................................................................. 2,004 1,519 1,670 6.2 4.5 4.9

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

Total..................................................................... 5,491 5,297 5,803 4.0 3.6 4.0

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,831 4,996 5,477 4.1 4.0 4.4

Mining and logging............................................... 22 20 15 3.6 3.3 2.3

Construction....................................................... 309 310 336 4.2 4.1 4.4

Manufacturing..................................................... 426 391 439 3.5 3.2 3.5

Durable goods.................................................. 256 203 247 3.4 2.7 3.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 170 189 192 3.7 4.1 4.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,026 1,122 1,237 4.0 4.2 4.5

Wholesale trade................................................ 168 135 138 3.0 2.4 2.4

Retail trade..................................................... 611 767 860 4.2 5.1 5.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 247 219 239 4.2 3.5 3.8

Information........................................................ 78 80 87 3.0 2.9 3.2

Financial activities................................................ 221 193 215 2.5 2.2 2.4

Finance and insurance........................................ 149 129 139 2.3 2.0 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 72 63 76 3.3 2.8 3.3

Professional and business services............................ 911 993 1,126 4.6 4.8 5.4

Education and health services.................................. 805 707 798 3.6 3.0 3.4

Educational services.......................................... 130 82 117 4.1 2.3 3.5

Health care and social assistance........................... 675 625 681 3.5 3.1 3.4

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 824 957 1,007 6.5 6.5 6.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 109 87 90 6.4 4.3 3.9

Accommodation and food services.......................... 716 870 917 6.5 6.9 7.0

Other services.................................................... 208 223 217 4.0 4.0 3.8

Government.......................................................... 660 301 326 3.1 1.4 1.5

Federal............................................................. 40 40 43 1.4 1.4 1.5

State and local.................................................... 620 262 283 3.4 1.4 1.5

State and local education..................................... 465 140 114 5.0 1.4 1.2

State and local, excluding education........................ 156 121 169 1.7 1.4 1.9

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 911 716 820 3.6 2.7 3.1

South................................................................. 2,115 2,160 2,335 4.2 4.0 4.3

Midwest............................................................... 1,142 1,210 1,323 3.8 3.8 4.2

West.................................................................. 1,324 1,211 1,325 4.1 3.6 3.9

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

Total..................................................................... 2,879 3,774 4,134 2.1 2.6 2.8

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 2,583 3,599 3,931 2.2 2.9 3.1

Mining and logging............................................... 8 11 11 1.3 1.7 1.7

Construction....................................................... 142 150 176 1.9 2.0 2.3

Manufacturing..................................................... 203 256 317 1.7 2.1 2.6

Durable goods.................................................. 107 127 170 1.4 1.7 2.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 96 130 147 2.1 2.8 3.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 622 882 930 2.4 3.3 3.4

Wholesale trade................................................ 82 89 101 1.5 1.6 1.8

Retail trade..................................................... 427 633 675 2.9 4.2 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 113 160 155 1.9 2.6 2.5

Information........................................................ 29 46 51 1.1 1.7 1.9

Financial activities................................................ 95 127 133 1.1 1.4 1.5

Finance and insurance........................................ 67 87 78 1.0 1.3 1.2

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 29 39 55 1.3 1.7 2.4

Professional and business services............................ 444 627 733 2.3 3.0 3.5

Education and health services.................................. 468 532 592 2.1 2.3 2.5

Educational services.......................................... 46 56 76 1.5 1.6 2.3

Health care and social assistance........................... 421 476 516 2.2 2.4 2.6

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 476 805 845 3.8 5.5 5.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 32 54 60 1.9 2.7 2.6

Accommodation and food services.......................... 445 751 784 4.1 6.0 6.0

Other services.................................................... 96 163 143 1.8 2.9 2.5

Government.......................................................... 295 175 202 1.4 0.8 0.9

Federal............................................................. 17 22 22 0.6 0.7 0.8

State and local.................................................... 278 154 180 1.5 0.8 1.0

State and local education..................................... 197 73 68 2.1 0.7 0.7

State and local, excluding education........................ 82 80 112 0.9 0.9 1.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 430 468 548 1.7 1.8 2.1

South................................................................. 1,162 1,550 1,700 2.3 2.9 3.2

Midwest............................................................... 647 875 942 2.2 2.8 3.0

West.................................................................. 640 881 944 2.0 2.6 2.7

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

Total..................................................................... 2,233 1,188 1,237 1.6 0.8 0.8

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 2,018 1,115 1,183 1.7 0.9 0.9

Mining and logging............................................... 12 7 3 2.1 1.1 0.4

Construction....................................................... 159 141 155 2.2 1.9 2.0

Manufacturing..................................................... 201 109 89 1.7 0.9 0.7

Durable goods.................................................. 136 61 56 1.8 0.8 0.7

Nondurable goods............................................. 65 48 33 1.4 1.0 0.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 367 193 243 1.4 0.7 0.9

Wholesale trade................................................ 81 41 24 1.5 0.7 0.4

Retail trade..................................................... 163 107 152 1.1 0.7 1.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 123 45 67 2.1 0.7 1.1

Information........................................................ 43 26 26 1.7 1.0 0.9

Financial activities................................................ 103 35 45 1.2 0.4 0.5

Finance and insurance........................................ 69 16 36 1.1 0.3 0.6

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 34 19 8 1.5 0.8 0.4

Professional and business services............................ 416 296 278 2.1 1.4 1.3

Education and health services.................................. 278 131 149 1.2 0.6 0.6

Educational services.......................................... 77 23 33 2.4 0.6 1.0

Health care and social assistance........................... 201 108 115 1.0 0.5 0.6

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 327 127 134 2.6 0.9 0.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 73 26 27 4.3 1.3 1.2

Accommodation and food services.......................... 253 101 107 2.3 0.8 0.8

Other services.................................................... 111 49 63 2.1 0.9 1.1

Government.......................................................... 216 73 54 1.0 0.3 0.2

Federal............................................................. 12 6 9 0.4 0.2 0.3

State and local.................................................... 203 67 46 1.1 0.4 0.2

State and local education..................................... 165 50 23 1.8 0.5 0.2

State and local, excluding education........................ 39 17 23 0.4 0.2 0.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 421 199 199 1.7 0.8 0.7

South................................................................. 817 470 485 1.6 0.9 0.9

Midwest............................................................... 415 267 290 1.4 0.8 0.9

West.................................................................. 580 252 263 1.8 0.7 0.8

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

June

2020

May

2021

June

2021p

Total..................................................................... 379 335 433 0.3 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 230 282 364 0.2 0.2 0.3

Mining and logging............................................... 2 3 1 0.3 0.5 0.2

Construction....................................................... 8 18 5 0.1 0.2 0.1

Manufacturing..................................................... 22 26 33 0.2 0.2 0.3

Durable goods.................................................. 13 15 22 0.2 0.2 0.3

Nondurable goods............................................. 9 11 12 0.2 0.2 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 36 46 64 0.1 0.2 0.2

Wholesale trade................................................ 5 5 13 0.1 0.1 0.2

Retail trade..................................................... 20 27 33 0.1 0.2 0.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 11 14 18 0.2 0.2 0.3

Information........................................................ 6 7 10 0.2 0.3 0.4

Financial activities................................................ 23 31 38 0.3 0.4 0.4

Finance and insurance........................................ 13 26 25 0.2 0.4 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 9 6 12 0.4 0.3 0.5

Professional and business services............................ 51 70 115 0.3 0.3 0.5

Education and health services.................................. 59 44 57 0.3 0.2 0.2

Educational services.......................................... 7 4 7 0.2 0.1 0.2

Health care and social assistance........................... 52 41 50 0.3 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 21 25 29 0.2 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 3 7 2 0.2 0.3 0.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 18 18 26 0.2 0.1 0.2

Other services.................................................... 2 11 11 0.0 0.2 0.2

Government.......................................................... 149 53 69 0.7 0.2 0.3

Federal............................................................. 10 12 12 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local.................................................... 138 41 57 0.8 0.2 0.3

State and local education..................................... 103 17 23 1.1 0.2 0.2

State and local, excluding education........................ 35 24 34 0.4 0.3 0.4

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 60 48 72 0.2 0.2 0.3

South................................................................. 136 141 151 0.3 0.3 0.3

Midwest............................................................... 81 68 91 0.3 0.2 0.3

West.................................................................. 104 77 118 0.3 0.2 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.