For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Friday, August 24, 2012 USDL-12-1719 

Technical information: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

WORKER DISPLACEMENT: 2009-2011 

From January 2009 through December 2011, 6.1 million workers were displaced from jobs they had 

held for at least 3 years, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. This was down from 6.9 

million for the survey period covering January 2007 to December 2009. In January 2012, 56 percent of 

workers displaced from 2009-11 were reemployed, up by 7 percentage points from the prior survey in 

January 2010. 

Since 1984, the Employment and Training Administration of the U.S. Department of Labor has 

sponsored surveys that collect information on workers who were displaced from their jobs. These 

surveys have been conducted biennially as supplements to the Current Population Survey (CPS), a 

monthly survey of households that is the primary source of information on the nation's labor force. 

Displaced workers are defined as persons 20 years of age and older who lost or left jobs because their 

plant or company closed or moved, there was insufficient work for them to do, or their position or shift 

was abolished. The period covered in this study was 2009-11, the 3 calendar years prior to the January 

2012 survey date. Most of this period was characterized by modest employment growth. The following 

analysis focuses primarily on the 6.1 million persons who had worked for their employer for 3 or more 

years at the time of displacement (referred to as long-tenured). An additional 6.7 million persons were 

displaced from jobs they had held for less than 3 years (referred to as short-tenured). Combining the 

short- and long-tenured groups, the number of displaced workers totaled 12.9 million from 2009-11. In 

the prior survey, which was conducted in January 2010 and covered 2007-09, this group numbered 15.4 

million. This previous survey reflected the steep employment declines associated with the recession that 

began in December 2007. 

Highlights from the January 2012 survey include: 

 In January 2012, 56 percent of the 6.1 million long-tenured displaced workers were reemployed, 

up from 49 percent for the prior survey in January 2010. (See table 1.) 

 Forty percent of long-tenured displaced workers from the 2009-11 period cited insufficient work 

as the reason for their displacement, and 31 percent cited that their plant or company closed 

down or moved. (See table 2.) 

 Nearly 1 in 5 long-tenured displaced workers lost a job in manufacturing. (See table 4.) 
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 Among long-tenured workers who were displaced from full-time wage and salary jobs and who 

were reemployed in such jobs in January 2012, 46 percent had earnings that were as much or 

greater than those of their lost job. (See table 7.) 

Characteristics of the Reemployed 

Fifty-six percent of the 6.1 million long-tenured displaced workers were reemployed at the time of the 

survey in January 2012, up from 49 percent for the January 2010 survey. The proportion unemployed at 

the time of the most recent survey was 27 percent, down from 36 percent in the January 2010 survey. 

Seventeen percent of long-tenured displaced workers were not in the labor force in January 2012, up 

from 15 percent for the previous survey. (See table 1.) 

In January 2012, reemployment rates were about 62 percent for workers ages 20 to 54. Reemployment 

rates were lower for older workers. The rates for those ages 55 to 64 and 65 years and over were 47 and 

24 percent, respectively. Among those age 65 and over, 49 percent were no longer in the labor force 

when surveyed in January 2012. 

Among long-tenured displaced workers, men had a higher reemployment rate (61 percent) in January 

2012 than women (50 percent). The reemployment rate for men increased from 49 percent in January 

2010, while the rate for women was about unchanged from the prior survey. Displaced men were less 

likely than displaced women to be unemployed at the time of the survey in January 2012—23 versus 31 

percent. The share of displaced men who had left the labor force, at 16 percent, continued to be lower 

than that for women—20 percent. 

In January 2012, the reemployment rates for long-tenured displaced whites (57 percent), Hispanics (55 

percent), and Asians (60 percent) were higher than in January 2010. The reemployment rate for blacks 

was little changed at 46 percent in January 2012. 

Reason for Job Loss and Receipt of Advance Notice 

Of the 6.1 million long-tenured workers displaced during the January 2009 through December 2011 

period, 40 percent lost or left their jobs due to insufficient work, 31 percent due to plant or company 

closings or moves, and 30 percent because their position or shift was abolished. (See table 2.) 

Thirty-eight percent of long-tenured displaced workers in the January 2012 survey received written 

advance notice that their jobs would be terminated, about the same proportion as in the January 2010 

survey. Workers who lost jobs during the 2009-11 period due to plant or company closings or moves 

were most likely to receive written advance notice. Of this group, 52 percent received such notice. In 

contrast, 39 percent of workers who were displaced because their position or shift was abolished and 25 

percent of those who lost jobs due to insufficient work were notified in advance. For each of these 

groups, reemployment rates were similar for those who received written advanced notice and those who 

did not. (See table 3.) 

Industry and Occupation 

During the 2009-11 period, 1.2 million long-tenured manufacturing workers were displaced from their 

jobs—19 percent of all long-tenured displaced workers, down from 23 percent in the prior survey 

period. In the January 2012 survey, manufacturing displacements were concentrated within the durable 
- 3 -

goods component (844,000). Workers in wholesale and retail trade accounted for 14 percent of all longtenured displaced, and professional and business services made up 12 percent. (See table 4.) 

Among the major industry groups, workers displaced from transportation and utilities (67 percent) had a 

reemployment rate that was higher than the overall reemployment rate for displaced workers. Workers 

displaced from wholesale and retail trade were the least likely to be reemployed (50 percent). (Workers 

were not necessarily reemployed in the same industries from which they were displaced.) 

Reemployment rates differed by major occupation, but were highest for those displaced from 

management, professional, and related occupations and from natural resources, construction, and 

maintenance occupations (60 percent each). They were lower for those displaced from service 

occupations and sales and office occupations, 50 percent and 51 percent, respectively. Compared with 

the January 2010 survey, reemployment rates were higher in January 2012 for displaced workers from 

natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations and from production, transportation, and 

material moving occupations. Reemployment rates for workers displaced from other major occupational 

groups were similar across the 2012 and 2010 surveys. (See table 5.) 

Geographic Divisions 

The number of long-tenured workers displaced during 2009-11 declined from the 2007-09 period in the 

East North Central, South Atlantic, Mountain, and New England geographic divisions of the United 

States. Reemployment rates for the divisions ranged from 49 percent for the Pacific division to 64 

percent for the East South Central division. (See table 6.) 

Earnings 

Of the 3.0 million displaced workers who lost full-time wage and salary jobs during the 2009-11 period 

and were reemployed, 2.4 million had full-time wage and salary jobs in January 2012. Of these 

reemployed full-time workers who reported earnings on their lost job, 46 percent were earning as much 

or more in January 2012 as they did at their lost job. About one-third reported earnings losses of 20 

percent or more. These proportions were similar to those from the January 2010 survey. (See table 7.) 

Total Displaced Workers (With No Tenure Restriction) 

The total number of workers displaced between January 2009 and December 2011 (regardless of how 

long they had held their jobs) was 12.9 million, down by 2.6 million from the 2007-2009 survey period. 

Of the total number of workers who lost jobs over the 2009-11 period, 57 percent were reemployed and 

28 percent were unemployed in January 2012. (See table 8.) 
Technical Note 

The data presented in this release were collected 

through a supplement to the January 2012 Current Population Survey (CPS), the monthly survey of about 60,000 

eligible households that provides basic data on employment 

and unemployment for the nation. The CPS is conducted 

by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor 

Statistics (BLS). The purpose of this supplement was to 

obtain information on the number and characteristics of 

persons who had been displaced (as defined below) from 

their jobs over the prior 3 calendar years. Additional 

information, reports, and archived news releases, 

including the Worker Displacement 2007-2009 news 

release, are available online at 

www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#displaced. 

Data presented in this release are based on Census 

2010 population controls that are updated annually in 

January. For additional information, see "Population control adjustments to the CPS" available on the Internet at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#pop. 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both 

sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather 

than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance 

that the sample estimates may differ from the "true" 

population values they represent. The exact difference, or 

sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample 

selected, and this variability is measured by the standard 

error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or 

level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will 

differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" 

population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses 

are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of 

confidence. 

The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. 

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including 

the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability 

to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, 

inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct 

information, and errors made in the collection or processing 

of the data. 

A full discussion of the reliability of data from the 

CPS and information on estimating standard errors is 

documented and can be found on the BLS web site at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#reliability. 

Concepts and questions 

Displaced workers are wage and salary workers 20 

years of age and older who lost or left jobs because their 

plant or company closed or moved, there was insufficient 

work for them to do, or their position or shift was 

abolished. Data are often presented for long-tenured displaced workers—those who had worked for their employer 

for 3 or more years at the time of displacement. 

Wage and salary workers receive wages, salaries, 

commissions, tips, payment in kind, or piece rates. The 

group includes employees in both the private and public 

sectors but excludes all self-employed persons, both those 

with incorporated businesses as well as those with unincorporated businesses. 

Data discussed in this release on displaced workers 

were obtained from the following questions: 

(This question was asked of all persons 20 years and 

over.) During the last 3 calendar years, that is, January 2009 

through December 2011, did (you/name) lose a job or leave 

one because: (your/his/her) plant or company closed or 

moved, (your/his/her) position or shift was abolished, 

insufficient work, or another similar reason? 

(If the respondent answered "yes" to the above 

question on job loss, the following question was then 

asked.) Which of these specific reasons describes why 

(name/you) (is/are) no longer working at that job? 

Plant or company closed down or moved 

Plant or company operating but lost or left job because of: 

Insufficient work 

Position or shift abolished 

Seasonal job completed 

Self-operated business failed 

Some other reason 

Respondents who provided one of the first three 

reasons—plant or company closed or moved, insufficient 

work, or position or shift abolished—were classified as 

displaced and asked additional questions about the lost job, 

including how many years they had worked for their 

employer; the year the job was lost; the earnings, industry, 

and occupation of the lost job; and whether health insurance 

had been provided. Other questions were asked to determine what occurred before and after the job loss, such as: 

Was the respondent notified of the upcoming dismissal? 

How long did he/she go without work? Did he/she receive 

unemployment benefits? And, if so, were the benefits used 

up? Did the person move to another location after the job 

loss to take or look for another job? Information also was 

collected about current health insurance coverage (other 

than Medicare and Medicaid) and current earnings for those 

employed in January 2012. 
Table 1. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by age, sex, race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, and employment

status in January 2012

(Numbers in thousands)

Age, sex, race, and Hispanic

or Latino ethnicity Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

TOTAL

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 6,121 100.0 56.0 26.7 17.4

20 to 24 years ............................................. 128 100.0 61.7 22.4 15.9

25 to 54 years ............................................. 4,268 100.0 61.5 26.2 12.3

55 to 64 years ............................................. 1,338 100.0 47.4 28.1 24.5

65 years and over ....................................... 386 100.0 23.5 27.5 49.0

Men

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 3,440 100.0 60.9 23.4 15.7

20 to 24 years ............................................. 78 100.0 70.6 15.0 14.4

25 to 54 years ............................................. 2,438 100.0 66.7 22.7 10.6

55 to 64 years ............................................. 727 100.0 50.8 25.6 23.7

65 years and over ....................................... 197 100.0 23.5 27.3 49.2

Women

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 2,681 100.0 49.7 30.8 19.5

20 to 24 years ............................................. 50 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

25 to 54 years ............................................. 1,831 100.0 54.6 30.9 14.5

55 to 64 years ............................................. 611 100.0 43.3 31.1 25.6

65 years and over ....................................... 189 100.0 23.5 27.7 48.8

White

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 5,027 100.0 57.4 26.1 16.5

Men ............................................................. 2,920 100.0 61.9 23.1 14.9

Women ....................................................... 2,107 100.0 51.2 30.2 18.7

Black or African American

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 662 100.0 46.1 31.2 22.7

Men ............................................................. 284 100.0 52.7 24.8 22.4

Women ....................................................... 378 100.0 41.2 35.9 22.9

Asian

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 230 100.0 60.3 26.7 13.1

Men ............................................................. 121 100.0 61.5 27.6 10.9

Women ....................................................... 109 100.0 58.9 25.6 15.5

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 901 100.0 54.9 27.7 17.4

Men ............................................................. 594 100.0 60.3 25.7 14.0

Women ....................................................... 307 100.0 44.3 31.6 24.1

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job

they had lost or left between January 2009 and December 2011

because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the

abolishment of their positions or shifts. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African

American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not

presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as

Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
Table 2. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by age, sex, race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, and reason for job loss,

January 2012

(Numbers in thousands)

Age, sex, race, and Hispanic

or Latino ethnicity Total

 Percent distribution by reason for job loss

Total

Plant or

company closed

down or moved

Insufficient work Position or shift

abolished

TOTAL

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 6,121 100.0 30.8 39.5 29.7

20 to 24 years ............................................................... 128 100.0 40.5 39.3 20.3

25 to 54 years ............................................................... 4,268 100.0 31.8 40.2 28.0

55 to 64 years ............................................................... 1,338 100.0 27.8 37.0 35.2

65 years and over ......................................................... 386 100.0 26.7 40.8 32.5

Men

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 3,440 100.0 31.1 43.2 25.7

20 to 24 years ............................................................... 78 100.0 40.2 36.7 23.1

25 to 54 years ............................................................... 2,438 100.0 32.6 43.4 24.0

55 to 64 years ............................................................... 727 100.0 27.6 43.0 29.4

65 years and over ......................................................... 197 100.0 21.7 44.2 34.2

Women

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 2,681 100.0 30.4 34.8 34.8

20 to 24 years ............................................................... 50 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

25 to 54 years ............................................................... 1,831 100.0 30.8 35.9 33.3

55 to 64 years ............................................................... 611 100.0 28.1 29.9 42.0

65 years and over ......................................................... 189 100.0 31.9 37.3 30.8

White

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 5,027 100.0 30.2 38.9 30.9

Men ............................................................................... 2,920 100.0 30.5 42.5 27.0

Women ......................................................................... 2,107 100.0 29.8 34.0 36.2

Black or African American

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 662 100.0 33.5 41.0 25.5

Men ............................................................................... 284 100.0 35.5 44.9 19.6

Women ......................................................................... 378 100.0 32.0 38.0 30.0

Asian

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 230 100.0 30.5 46.9 22.7

Men ............................................................................... 121 100.0 24.3 56.8 18.9

Women ......................................................................... 109 100.0 37.3 35.9 26.8

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 901 100.0 35.9 50.1 14.0

Men ............................................................................... 594 100.0 37.3 52.4 10.3

Women ......................................................................... 307 100.0 33.3 45.6 21.1

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they

had lost or left between January 2009 and December 2011 because of plant or

company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their

positions or shifts. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African

American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for

all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of

any race.
Table 3. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by whether they received written advance notice, reason for job loss, and

employment status in January 2012

(Numbers in thousands)

Characteristic Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

TOTAL

 Total, 20 years and over 2 .................................................................. 6,121 100.0 56.0 26.7 17.4

Received written advance notice ............................................................ 2,307 100.0 54.5 26.9 18.6

Did not receive written advance notice ................................................... 3,707 100.0 56.5 26.8 16.7

Plant or company closed down or moved

 Total, 20 years and over 2 .................................................................. 1,884 100.0 57.2 24.6 18.2

Received written advance notice ............................................................ 987 100.0 53.1 26.9 19.9

Did not receive written advance notice ................................................... 861 100.0 61.5 22.2 16.3

Insufficient work

 Total, 20 years and over 2 .................................................................. 2,418 100.0 55.1 27.2 17.7

Received written advance notice ............................................................ 613 100.0 56.3 25.8 17.9

Did not receive written advance notice ................................................... 1,759 100.0 54.3 27.9 17.7

Position or shift abolished

 Total, 20 years and over 2 .................................................................. 1,819 100.0 55.9 28.1 16.0

Received written advance notice ............................................................ 708 100.0 54.7 28.0 17.3

Did not receive written advance notice ................................................... 1,087 100.0 56.1 28.5 15.4

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2009 and December 2011 because of plant or company

closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts. 2 Includes a small number who did not report information on advance notice.
Table 4. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by industry and class of worker of lost job and employment status in January

2012

(Numbers in thousands)

Industry and class of worker of lost job Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

 Total, 20 years and over 2 ................................................................. 6,121 100.0 56.0 26.7 17.4

Agriculture and related industries wage and salary workers .................. 43 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers .............................. 5,974 100.0 55.7 26.8 17.4

 Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers ................................. 5,629 100.0 55.8 26.8 17.4

 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction ................................. 29 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Construction ................................................................................... 691 100.0 58.7 24.9 16.4

 Manufacturing ................................................................................. 1,183 100.0 55.6 23.8 20.6

 Durable goods manufacturing .................................................. 844 100.0 55.6 23.5 20.9

 Primary metals and fabricated metal products ...................... 126 100.0 67.6 19.7 12.7

 Machinery manufacturing ...................................................... 93 100.0 49.5 20.6 29.9

 Computers and electronic products ....................................... 151 100.0 52.9 25.8 21.3

 Electrical equipment and appliances ..................................... 24 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Transportation equipment ...................................................... 169 100.0 50.1 22.0 27.9

 Miscellaneous manufacturing ................................................ 123 100.0 58.2 22.5 19.3

 Other durable goods industries ............................................. 158 100.0 55.4 25.6 18.9

 Nondurable goods manufacturing ............................................ 339 100.0 55.5 24.7 19.8

 Food manufacturing ............................................................... 52 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Textiles, apparel, and leather ................................................ 55 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Paper and printing ................................................................. 75 100.0 55.7 31.5 12.7

 Other nondurable goods industries ....................................... 158 100.0 51.5 23.2 25.2

 Wholesale and retail trade .............................................................. 859 100.0 49.9 32.1 18.0

 Wholesale trade ......................................................................... 197 100.0 49.9 30.2 19.9

 Retail trade ................................................................................ 663 100.0 49.9 32.6 17.4

 Transportation and utilities 4 ........................................................... 240 100.0 66.5 20.7 12.8

 Transportation and warehousing ............................................... 207 100.0 71.7 15.8 12.5

 Information 4 ................................................................................... 197 100.0 56.4 27.9 15.7

 Telecommunications .................................................................. 81 100.0 70.6 15.2 14.2

 Financial activities .......................................................................... 478 100.0 54.9 26.9 18.2

 Finance and insurance .............................................................. 352 100.0 63.6 21.1 15.3

 Finance .................................................................................. 237 100.0 65.8 19.3 14.9

 Insurance ............................................................................... 115 100.0 59.2 24.8 16.0

 Real estate and rental and leasing ............................................ 127 100.0 30.8 42.9 26.3

 Professional and business services ............................................... 751 100.0 55.1 31.0 13.9

 Professional and technical services .......................................... 442 100.0 59.4 28.9 11.6

 Management, administrative, and waste services ..................... 309 100.0 48.8 34.1 17.1

 Education and health services ........................................................ 605 100.0 56.5 28.0 15.6

 Educational services .................................................................. 111 100.0 64.8 16.4 18.7

 Health care and social assistance 4 .......................................... 494 100.0 54.6 30.6 14.8

 Hospitals ................................................................................ 136 100.0 55.3 26.8 17.9

 Health services, except hospitals .......................................... 259 100.0 57.7 26.3 15.9

 Leisure and hospitality 4 ................................................................. 381 100.0 61.7 21.4 17.0

 Accommodation and food services 4 ......................................... 288 100.0 61.8 21.7 16.5

 Food services and drinking places ........................................ 235 100.0 57.7 23.4 18.9

 Other services ................................................................................ 201 100.0 55.1 27.7 17.2

 Government wage and salary workers ................................................. 345 100.0 54.3 26.9 18.8

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had

lost or left between January 2009 and December 2011 because of plant or

company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their

positions or shifts.

2 Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and persons who

did not report industry or class of worker, not shown separately. 3 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 4 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Table 5. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by occupation of lost job and employment status in January 2012

(Numbers in thousands)

Occupation of lost job Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

 Total, 20 years and over 2 ................................................... 6,121 100.0 56.0 26.7 17.4

 Management, professional, and related occupations .............. 2,008 100.0 60.3 25.1 14.7

 Management, business, and financial operations

occupations ........................................................................ 1,051 100.0 60.2 26.7 13.1

 Professional and related occupations .................................... 956 100.0 60.4 23.3 16.3

 Service occupations ................................................................ 611 100.0 50.0 28.7 21.3

 Sales and office occupations ................................................... 1,563 100.0 50.6 32.1 17.3

 Sales and related occupations .............................................. 625 100.0 52.4 31.1 16.5

 Office and administrative support occupations ...................... 938 100.0 49.3 32.8 17.9

 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations ........................................................................ 788 100.0 60.0 23.6 16.4

 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................ 30 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Construction and extraction occupations ............................... 516 100.0 55.5 26.0 18.5

 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ................ 242 100.0 69.1 18.0 13.0

 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 1,055 100.0 55.9 22.8 21.4

 Production occupations ......................................................... 644 100.0 52.1 24.1 23.8

 Transportation and material moving occupations .................. 411 100.0 61.8 20.7 17.6

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they

had lost or left between January 2009 and December 2011 because of plant

or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their

positions or shifts. 2 Total includes a small number who did not report occupation. 3 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

 NOTE: Beginning with displacement data for January 2012, occupations

reflect the introduction of the 2010 Census occupational classification

system into the Current Population Survey. This classification system is

derived from the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No

historical data have been revised. Data for 2012 are not strictly comparable

with earlier years.
Table 6. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by selected characteristics and area of residence in January 2012

(In thousands)

Characteristic Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Mountain Pacific

Workers who lost jobs

 Total, 20 years and over ........................... 6,121 318 851 1,002 401 1,170 307 515 423 1,136

Men ............................................................... 3,440 176 425 598 232 675 167 288 242 636

Women ......................................................... 2,681 142 426 403 169 495 140 227 181 500

Reason for job loss

Plant or company closed down or moved ..... 1,884 81 268 344 107 347 107 185 112 332

Insufficient work ............................................ 2,418 113 329 374 147 455 110 195 205 490

Position or shift abolished ............................. 1,819 123 254 283 146 367 90 135 105 314

Industry and class of worker of lost job 2

Agriculture and related industries wage and

salary workers ........................................ 43 1 4 – 3 16 – 4 3 13

Nonagricultural industries wage and salary

workers ................................................... 5,974 313 824 1,002 396 1,131 295 504 418 1,091

 Private nonagricultural wage and salary

workers ................................................... 5,629 301 770 972 366 1,076 283 471 388 1,003

 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas

extraction ................................................ 29 1 – 3 4 6 – 9 6 –

 Construction ......................................... 691 26 62 88 52 163 18 56 57 169

 Manufacturing ....................................... 1,183 59 171 264 94 167 70 99 59 199

 Durable goods ................................. 844 46 99 210 74 114 42 75 47 137

 Nondurable goods ........................... 339 13 72 54 21 53 28 24 12 62

 Wholesale and retail trade .................... 859 42 121 166 53 145 71 74 53 135

 Transportation and utilities ................... 240 5 29 50 14 48 14 19 15 46

 Information ............................................ 197 12 39 22 7 27 3 24 17 47

 Financial activities ................................ 478 33 54 60 38 124 23 27 34 86

 Professional and business services ..... 751 35 91 121 25 143 38 73 77 149

 Education and health services .............. 605 53 100 99 46 134 21 32 27 91

 Leisure and hospitality .......................... 381 15 86 54 24 63 18 31 35 55

 Other services ...................................... 201 20 17 45 9 43 8 26 7 26

 Government wage and salary workers ....... 345 13 54 30 30 55 12 34 30 88

Employment status

in January 2012

Employed ...................................................... 3,427 181 436 592 250 644 195 318 253 558

Unemployed ................................................. 1,631 81 244 269 73 292 67 123 87 394

Not in the labor force .................................... 1,062 56 171 140 77 233 45 74 83 184

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had

lost or left between January 2009 and December 2011 because of plant or

company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions

or shifts. 2 Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and persons who did

not report industry or class of worker, not shown separately.

 NOTE: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island,

and Vermont compose the New England Division; New Jersey, New York, and

Pennsylvania compose the Middle Atlantic Division; Illinois, Indiana, Michigan,

Ohio, and Wisconsin compose the East North Central Division; Iowa, Kansas,

Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota compose the

West North Central Division; Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia compose

the South Atlantic Division; Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee

compose the East South Central Division; Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and

Texas compose the West South Central Division; Arizona, Colorado, Idaho,

Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming compose the Mountain

Division; Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington compose the Pacific

Division. Dash represents or rounds to zero.
Table 7. Long-tenured displaced workers1 who lost full-time wage and salary jobs and were reemployed in January 2012

by industry of lost job and characteristics of new job

(In thousands)

Industry and class of worker of lost job

Reemployed in January 2012

Total

Wage and salary workers

Selfemployed

and

unpaid

family

workers

Part

time

Full time

Total 2

Earnings relative to those of lost job

20 percent

or more

below

Below, but

within 20

percent

Equal or

above, but

within 20

percent

20 percent

or more

above

 Total who lost full-time wage and salary jobs 3 ........ 3,003 424 2,368 630 408 538 352 211

Agriculture and related industries wage and salary

workers ................................................................... 24 1 23 11 3 5 4 –

Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers .... 2,943 423 2,313 619 398 529 340 208

 Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers ....... 2,805 402 2,209 589 385 506 308 195

 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction ....... 15 2 12 12 – – – –

 Construction ......................................................... 393 54 290 89 49 64 43 49

 Manufacturing ....................................................... 645 66 544 171 108 87 64 35

 Durable goods ................................................. 457 43 387 125 74 53 48 28

 Nondurable goods ........................................... 188 24 157 46 34 34 16 7

 Wholesale and retail trade .................................... 368 60 290 84 42 77 52 18

 Transportation and utilities ................................... 139 14 114 22 26 15 20 11

 Information ............................................................ 95 21 72 27 14 8 10 2

 Financial activities ................................................ 255 18 220 52 29 46 27 18

 Professional and business services ..................... 373 31 301 56 60 93 36 41

 Education and health services .............................. 257 70 176 29 30 67 21 11

 Leisure and hospitality .......................................... 174 50 115 25 17 31 22 9

 Other services ...................................................... 91 14 75 20 10 18 11 2

 Government wage and salary workers ....................... 138 21 104 30 13 22 33 13

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had

lost or left between January 2009 and December 2011 because of plant or

company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their

positions or shifts.

2 Includes about 440,000 persons who did not report earnings on lost job. 3 Includes a small number who did not report industry.

 NOTE: Dash represents or rounds to zero.
Table 8. Total displaced workers1 by selected characteristics and employment status in January 2012

(Numbers in thousands)

Characteristic Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

Workers who lost jobs

 Total, 20 years and over ....................................................... 12,854 100.0 56.9 27.5 15.7

20 to 24 years ........................................................................... 1,118 100.0 54.4 27.2 18.4

25 to 54 years ........................................................................... 9,220 100.0 60.7 27.4 11.9

55 to 64 years ........................................................................... 2,006 100.0 49.2 28.3 22.5

65 years and over ..................................................................... 509 100.0 22.3 27.2 50.5

 Men, 20 years and over ........................................................ 7,485 100.0 60.5 26.7 12.8

20 to 24 years ........................................................................... 668 100.0 55.1 30.9 13.9

25 to 54 years ........................................................................... 5,457 100.0 64.5 26.1 9.4

55 to 64 years ........................................................................... 1,092 100.0 53.2 26.6 20.2

65 years and over ..................................................................... 268 100.0 23.0 26.4 50.6

 Women, 20 years and over .................................................. 5,368 100.0 51.7 28.6 19.6

20 to 24 years ........................................................................... 450 100.0 53.3 21.7 25.0

25 to 54 years ........................................................................... 3,763 100.0 55.2 29.1 15.7

55 to 64 years ........................................................................... 915 100.0 44.5 30.3 25.2

65 years and over ..................................................................... 241 100.0 21.5 28.1 50.4

White ........................................................................................ 10,166 100.0 58.8 26.6 14.6

Black or African American ........................................................ 1,686 100.0 47.3 31.8 20.9

Asian ......................................................................................... 493 100.0 54.1 29.7 16.2

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity ....................................................... 2,304 100.0 54.8 30.5 14.7

Reason for job loss

Plant or company closed down or moved ................................. 3,424 100.0 59.7 23.1 17.2

Insufficient work ........................................................................ 6,119 100.0 54.2 29.9 16.0

Position or shift abolished ......................................................... 3,311 100.0 58.9 27.5 13.5

Occupation of lost job 2

 Management, professional, and related occupations .............. 3,492 100.0 64.7 23.2 12.1

 Management, business, and financial operations

occupations ........................................................................ 1,764 100.0 64.0 24.9 11.1

 Professional and related occupations .................................... 1,728 100.0 65.5 21.4 13.1

 Service occupations ................................................................ 1,752 100.0 50.6 30.8 18.7

 Sales and office occupations ................................................... 3,179 100.0 52.4 29.5 18.1

 Sales and related occupations .............................................. 1,424 100.0 54.5 26.9 18.6

 Office and administrative support occupations ...................... 1,755 100.0 50.7 31.6 17.7

 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations ........................................................................ 1,904 100.0 58.3 29.3 12.4

 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................ 61 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Construction and extraction occupations ............................... 1,297 100.0 55.5 31.5 12.9

 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ................ 546 100.0 64.4 24.4 11.2

 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 2,159 100.0 55.4 26.7 17.9

 Production occupations ......................................................... 1,228 100.0 53.3 26.9 19.9

 Transportation and material moving occupations .................. 931 100.0 58.3 26.5 15.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 8. Total displaced workers1 by selected characteristics and employment status in January 2012

(Numbers in thousands) — Continued

Characteristic Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

Industry and class of worker of lost job 2

Agriculture and related industries wage and salary workers .... 90 100.0 53.5 35.3 11.1

Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers ................ 12,403 100.0 57.0 27.4 15.6

 Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers ................... 11,733 100.0 57.1 27.4 15.5

 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction ................... 85 100.0 62.0 22.6 15.5

 Construction ..................................................................... 1,579 100.0 57.8 29.6 12.6

 Manufacturing ................................................................... 2,024 100.0 58.7 25.4 15.8

 Durable goods ............................................................. 1,437 100.0 57.3 26.3 16.4

 Nondurable goods ....................................................... 586 100.0 62.3 23.2 14.5

 Wholesale and retail trade ................................................ 1,835 100.0 52.6 29.0 18.4

 Transportation and utilities ............................................... 559 100.0 62.5 24.5 13.0

 Information ........................................................................ 314 100.0 56.6 28.8 14.6

 Financial activities ............................................................ 792 100.0 57.6 26.5 15.9

 Professional and business services ................................. 1,676 100.0 57.6 27.6 14.7

 Education and health services .......................................... 1,193 100.0 58.4 26.1 15.5

 Leisure and hospitality ...................................................... 1,144 100.0 57.6 27.1 15.3

 Other services .................................................................. 512 100.0 54.1 29.5 16.5

 Government wage and salary workers ................................... 670 100.0 55.8 27.3 16.8

1 Data refer to all persons (regardless of years of tenure on lost job)

who had lost or left a job between January 2009 and December 2011

because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the

abolishment of their positions or shifts. 2 Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and

persons who did not report occupation, industry, or class of worker, not

shown separately. 3 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African

American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not

presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as

Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.

Beginning with displacement data for January 2012, occupations reflect

the introduction of the 2010 Census occupational classification system

into the Current Population Survey. This classification system is derived

from the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical

data have been revised. Data for 2012 are not strictly comparable with

earlier years.