Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-13-0389 

8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, March 8, 2013 

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — FEBRUARY 2013 

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 236,000 in February, and the unemployment rate

edged down to 7.7 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment increased in 

professional and business services, construction, and health care. 

Household Survey Data 

The unemployment rate edged down to 7.7 percent in February but has shown little movement, on net, 

since September 2012. The number of unemployed persons, at 12.0 million, also edged lower in 

February. (See table A-1.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for whites (6.8 percent) declined in February 

while the rates for adult men (7.1 percent), adult women (7.0 percent), teenagers (25.1 percent), blacks 

(13.8 percent), and Hispanics (9.6 percent) showed little or no change. The jobless rate for Asians was 

6.1 percent (not seasonally adjusted), little changed from a year earlier. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

Feb-11 M ay-11 Aug-11 No v-11 Feb-12 M ay-12 Aug-12 No v-12 Feb-13

Thousands

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month 

change, seasonally adjusted, February 2011 –

February 2013

Percent

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

Feb-11 M ay-11 Aug-11 No v-11 Feb-12 M ay-12 A ug-12 No v-12 Feb-13

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

February 2011 – February 2013
- 2 - 

In February, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was about 

unchanged at 4.8 million. These individuals accounted for 40.2 percent of the unemployed. (See 

table A-12.) 

The employment-population ratio held at 58.6 percent in February. The civilian labor force 

participation rate, at 63.5 percent, changed little. (See table A-1.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons, at 8.0 million, was essentially 

unchanged in February. These individuals were working part time because their hours had been cut back 

or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.) 

In February, 2.6 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, the same as a year 

earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and 

were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not 

counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. 

(See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 885,000 discouraged workers in February, down slightly 

from a year earlier. (These data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not 

currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.7 

million persons marginally attached to the labor force in February had not searched for work in the 4 

weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table 

A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 236,000 in February, with job gains in professional 

and business services, construction, and health care. In the prior 3 months, employment had risen by an 

average of 195,000 per month. (See table B-1.) 

Professional and business services added 73,000 jobs in February; employment in the industry had 

changed little (+16,000) in January. In February, employment in administrative and support services, 

which includes employment services and services to buildings, rose by 44,000. Accounting and 

bookkeeping services added 11,000 jobs, and growth continued in computer systems design and in 

management and technical consulting services. 

In February, employment in construction increased by 48,000. Since September, construction 

employment has risen by 151,000. In February, job growth occurred in specialty trade contractors, with 

this gain about equally split between residential (+17,000) and nonresidential specialty trade contractors 

(+15,000). Nonresidential building construction also added jobs (+6,000). 

The health care industry continued to add jobs in February (+32,000). Within health care, there was a 

job gain of 14,000 in ambulatory health care services, which includes doctors' offices and outpatient care 

centers. Employment also increased over the month in nursing and residential care facilities (+9,000) 

and hospitals (+9,000). 

Employment in the information industry increased over the month (+20,000), lifted by a large job gain 

in the motion picture and sound recording industry. 
- 3 - 

Employment continued to trend up in retail trade in February (+24,000). Retail trade has added 252,000 

jobs over the past 12 months. Employment also continued to trend up over the month in food services 

and drinking places and in wholesale trade. Employment in other major industries showed little 

change over the month. 

In February, the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1 

hour to 34.5 hours. The manufacturing workweek rose by 0.2 hour to 40.9 hours, and factory overtime 

edged up by 0.1 hour to 3.4 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory 

employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.2 hour to 33.8 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

Average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 4 cents to $23.82. 

Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.1 percent. In February, average hourly earnings 

of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 5 cents to $20.04. (See 

tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for December was revised from +196,000 to 

+219,000, and the change for January was revised from +157,000 to +119,000. 

____________ 

The Employment Situation for March is scheduled to be released on Friday, April 5, 2013, 

at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Change from:

Jan. 2013-

Feb. 2013

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population............................................ 242,435 244,350 244,663 244,828 165

Civilian labor force............................................................ 154,825 155,511 155,654 155,524 -130

Participation rate........................................................... 63.9 63.6 63.6 63.5 -0.1

Employed.................................................................... 142,019 143,305 143,322 143,492 170

Employment-population ratio........................................... 58.6 58.6 58.6 58.6 0.0

Unemployed................................................................. 12,806 12,206 12,332 12,032 -300

Unemployment rate..................................................... 8.3 7.8 7.9 7.7 -0.2

Not in labor force............................................................. 87,611 88,839 89,008 89,304 296

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over....................................................... 8.3 7.8 7.9 7.7 -0.2

Adult men (20 years and over).............................................. 7.7 7.2 7.3 7.1 -0.2

Adult women (20 years and over).......................................... 7.6 7.3 7.3 7.0 -0.3

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................. 23.7 23.5 23.4 25.1 1.7

White........................................................................... 7.4 6.9 7.0 6.8 -0.2

Black or African American................................................... 14.1 14.0 13.8 13.8 0.0

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................. 6.3 6.6 6.5 6.1 –

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.................................................. 10.6 9.6 9.7 9.6 -0.1

Total, 25 years and over....................................................... 6.9 6.5 6.5 6.3 -0.2

Less than a high school diploma........................................... 12.9 11.7 12.0 11.2 -0.8

High school graduates, no college......................................... 8.3 8.0 8.1 7.9 -0.2

Some college or associate degree......................................... 7.3 6.9 7.0 6.7 -0.3

Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................... 4.2 3.9 3.7 3.8 0.1

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs................... 7,187 6,408 6,637 6,522 -115

Job leavers....................................................................... 1,035 983 981 956 -25

Reentrants........................................................................ 3,341 3,587 3,515 3,340 -175

New entrants..................................................................... 1,382 1,291 1,287 1,279 -8

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks.............................................................. 2,563 2,676 2,766 2,667 -99

5 to 14 weeks.................................................................... 2,817 2,838 3,028 2,782 -246

15 to 26 weeks.................................................................. 1,974 1,895 1,858 1,695 -163

27 weeks and over.............................................................. 5,392 4,766 4,708 4,797 89

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons............................................... 8,127 7,918 7,973 7,988 15

Slack work or business conditions.......................................... 5,440 4,928 5,126 5,136 10

Could only find part-time work.............................................. 2,397 2,616 2,630 2,578 -52

Part time for noneconomic reasons........................................... 18,868 18,763 18,464 18,908 444

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force........................................ 2,608 2,614 2,443 2,588 –

Discouraged workers......................................................... 1,006 1,068 804 885 –

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 219 119 236

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 224 140 246

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 58 41 67

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 7 4 5

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 38 25 48

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 13 12 14

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 11 6 6

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.8 1.4 1.4 0.7

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 6 8

Private service-providing1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 166 99 179

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.9 6.5 15.5 5.9

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -24.3 6.2 29.0 23.7

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.9 34.8 -20.4 -1.3

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 -9 1 20

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 9 6 7

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 35 16 73

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.3 12.3 -3.0 16.0

Education and health services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 36 9 24

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.2 42.9 19.3 39.1

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 40 30 24

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -4 6 11 1

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 -5 -21 -10

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.4 49.3 49.3 49.3

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.8 47.9 47.9 47.8

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.6 82.6 82.6 82.6

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.6 34.5 34.4 34.5

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 23.33 $ 23.75 $ 23.78 $ 23.82

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $807.22 $819.38 $818.03 $821.79

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.3 97.5 97.3 97.8

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 0.5 -0.2 0.5

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.2 110.4 110.4 111.1

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 0.8 0.0 0.6

HOURS AND EARNINGS

PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.8 33.7 33.6 33.8

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 19.64 $ 19.93 $ 19.99 $ 20.04

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $663.83 $671.64 $671.66 $677.35

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.6 104.9 104.6 105.5

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 0.2 -0.3 0.9

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.9 139.6 139.7 141.2

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4 0.5 0.1 1.1

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private (266 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.2 65.2 64.7 63.3

Manufacturing (81 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.4 58.0 57.4 60.5

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing

industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance

between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of 

employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series 

has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household 

survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 

100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically 

significant change in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a 

more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers 

whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private 

household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also 

provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences 

between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf. 

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, 

it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does 

not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which 

identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the 

foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The 

Employment Situation news release. 

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax 

records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more 

information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments 

with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the 

reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and 

industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 

 
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net 

employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an 

econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based 

on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census 

of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this 

purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There 

is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and 

availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment 

insurance benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons 

who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the 

unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There 

is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently 

looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, 

including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged 

workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include 

discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each 

month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these 

alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? 

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. 

Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on 

employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay 

for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, 

but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be 

off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such 

as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment, employees have 

to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Slightly more than 20 percent of all employees 

in the payroll survey sample have a weekly pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of 

the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to 

quantify the effect of extreme weather on estimates of over-the-month change in employment. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of 

the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as 

employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the 

number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure 

of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours. Current and historical 

data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page at http://data.bls.gov/cgibin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household 

survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey 

(CES; establishment survey). The household survey 

provides information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked 

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 

60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census 

Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm 

payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of 

nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the 

CES program surveys about 145,000 businesses and 

government agencies, representing approximately 557,000 

individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry 

data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on 

nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes 

approximately one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that 

contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment 

survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 

12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the 

calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment 

sometime during the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting 

recall need not be looking for work to be counted as 

unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the 

household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for 

or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as 

employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The 

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent 

of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the 

labor force as a percent of the population, and 

the employment-population ratio is the employed as a 

percent of the population. Additional information 

about the household survey can be found at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are 

counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are 

produced for the private sector for all employees and for 

production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and 

logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing 

industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an 

establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 

2012 version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous 

conceptual and methodological differences between the 

household and establishment surveys result in important 

distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the 

surveys. Among these are: 

 The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, self-employed workers whose businesses 

are unicorporated, unpaid family workers, and 

private household workers among the employed. 

These groups are excluded from the establishment 

survey. 

 The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not. 

 The household survey is limited to workers 16 

years of age and older. The establishment survey is 

not limited by age. 

 The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance. 
Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, 

and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the 

participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For 

example, in the household survey, the large number of 

youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure 

any other changes that have taken place relative to May, 

making it difficult to determine if the level of economic 

activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the 

establishment survey, payroll employment in education 

declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term 

and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the 

underlying employment trends in the industry. Because 

seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of 

the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be 

adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more 

discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more 

useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-tomonth economic activity. 

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, 

such as total payroll employment, employment in most 

major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are 

computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived 

by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex 

components; this differs from the unemployment estimate 

that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by 

combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age 

categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling 

error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. The 

component of this difference that occurs because samples 

differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its 

variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. 

There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value 

because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the 

establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 

90,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment 

increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-

percent confidence interval on the monthly change would 

range from -60,000 to +140,000 (50,000 +/- 90,000). These 

figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these 

magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent 

chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this 

interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, 

we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment 

had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported 

nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the 

values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be 

greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-

percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen 

that month. At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, 

the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change 

in unemployment as measured by the household survey is 

about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the 

unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.2 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, 

such as for quarterly and annual averages. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all 

respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide correct information on a timely 

basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in 

the collection or processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates 

for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete 

returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled 

preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive 

revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample 

reports have been received, that the estimate is considered 

final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 
account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment 

gains from business births. This is incorporated into the 

sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting 

sample units going out of business, but imputing to them 

the same employment trend as the other firms in the 

sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net 

birth/death employment. 

The second component is an ARIMA time series 

model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death 

employment not accounted for by the imputation. The 

historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA 

model was derived from the unemployment insurance 

universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual 

residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough 

proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also 

incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over 

the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total 

nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a 

range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Feb.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242,435 244,663 244,828 242,435 243,983 244,174 244,350 244,663 244,828

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154,114 154,794 154,727 154,825 155,576 155,319 155,511 155,654 155,524

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.6 63.3 63.2 63.9 63.8 63.6 63.6 63.6 63.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,684 141,614 142,228 142,019 143,328 143,277 143,305 143,322 143,492

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.0 57.9 58.1 58.6 58.7 58.7 58.6 58.6 58.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,430 13,181 12,500 12,806 12,248 12,042 12,206 12,332 12,032

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 8.5 8.1 8.3 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,322 89,868 90,100 87,611 88,407 88,855 88,839 89,008 89,304

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,376 6,781 6,842 6,376 6,584 6,827 6,750 6,631 6,821

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,896 118,033 118,117 116,896 117,710 117,810 117,902 118,033 118,117

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,609 82,249 82,180 82,156 82,661 82,514 82,545 82,940 82,823

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.8 69.7 69.6 70.3 70.2 70.0 70.0 70.3 70.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,035 74,823 75,160 75,271 76,027 75,983 76,060 76,290 76,375

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.3 63.4 63.6 64.4 64.6 64.5 64.5 64.6 64.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,573 7,426 7,020 6,885 6,634 6,530 6,486 6,650 6,447

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3 9.0 8.5 8.4 8.0 7.9 7.9 8.0 7.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,288 35,783 35,937 34,740 35,049 35,297 35,357 35,093 35,295

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108,188 109,448 109,541 108,188 109,096 109,206 109,308 109,448 109,541

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,986 79,583 79,511 79,301 79,679 79,568 79,695 80,016 79,910

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.0 72.7 72.6 73.3 73.0 72.9 72.9 73.1 72.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,152 72,905 73,248 73,179 73,845 73,821 73,949 74,139 74,249

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.7 66.6 66.9 67.6 67.7 67.6 67.7 67.7 67.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,834 6,678 6,262 6,123 5,834 5,747 5,746 5,877 5,661

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 8.4 7.9 7.7 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,201 29,865 30,030 28,886 29,416 29,638 29,613 29,432 29,631

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,539 126,630 126,710 125,539 126,273 126,364 126,447 126,630 126,710

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,505 72,545 72,547 72,669 72,915 72,806 72,965 72,715 72,701

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.8 57.3 57.3 57.9 57.7 57.6 57.7 57.4 57.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,648 66,790 67,068 66,748 67,301 67,294 67,245 67,032 67,116

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.1 52.7 52.9 53.2 53.3 53.3 53.2 52.9 53.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,857 5,755 5,479 5,921 5,614 5,512 5,721 5,682 5,585

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 7.9 7.6 8.1 7.7 7.6 7.8 7.8 7.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,034 54,085 54,163 52,870 53,358 53,558 53,482 53,916 54,009

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,170 118,348 118,433 117,170 117,980 118,079 118,170 118,348 118,433

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,823 69,778 69,865 69,775 70,041 69,907 70,059 69,749 69,772

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.6 59.0 59.0 59.5 59.4 59.2 59.3 58.9 58.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,486 64,589 64,973 64,457 65,014 64,988 64,954 64,675 64,867

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.0 54.6 54.9 55.0 55.1 55.0 55.0 54.6 54.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,337 5,189 4,891 5,318 5,027 4,918 5,105 5,074 4,905

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 7.4 7.0 7.6 7.2 7.0 7.3 7.3 7.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,348 48,570 48,568 47,396 47,939 48,172 48,111 48,599 48,661

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,078 16,867 16,854 17,078 16,907 16,890 16,871 16,867 16,854

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,305 5,434 5,352 5,748 5,856 5,845 5,756 5,889 5,842

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.1 32.2 31.8 33.7 34.6 34.6 34.1 34.9 34.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,046 4,120 4,006 4,383 4,469 4,468 4,402 4,508 4,376

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.7 24.4 23.8 25.7 26.4 26.5 26.1 26.7 26.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,259 1,314 1,346 1,365 1,387 1,376 1,355 1,381 1,466

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.7 24.2 25.1 23.7 23.7 23.6 23.5 23.4 25.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,773 11,434 11,502 11,329 11,051 11,045 11,115 10,978 11,012

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Feb.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192,691 193,776 193,859 192,691 193,633 193,748 193,849 193,776 193,859

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,223 123,090 122,922 123,818 123,794 123,540 123,774 123,971 123,626

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.9 63.5 63.4 64.3 63.9 63.8 63.9 64.0 63.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,467 113,675 114,036 114,687 115,205 115,124 115,289 115,266 115,250

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.9 58.7 58.8 59.5 59.5 59.4 59.5 59.5 59.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,755 9,415 8,887 9,131 8,588 8,416 8,485 8,705 8,376

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9 7.6 7.2 7.4 6.9 6.8 6.9 7.0 6.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,469 70,686 70,937 68,873 69,839 70,207 70,076 69,805 70,233

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,327 64,506 64,336 64,633 64,718 64,509 64,646 64,924 64,720

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.5 73.2 72.9 73.9 73.5 73.2 73.3 73.7 73.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,266 59,587 59,741 60,187 60,493 60,397 60,609 60,652 60,659

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.8 67.6 67.7 68.8 68.7 68.5 68.7 68.8 68.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,061 4,919 4,595 4,445 4,225 4,112 4,037 4,272 4,061

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9 7.6 7.1 6.9 6.5 6.4 6.2 6.6 6.3

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,660 54,250 54,291 54,578 54,423 54,366 54,452 54,318 54,224

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.1 58.3 58.3 59.0 58.5 58.4 58.5 58.4 58.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,889 50,688 50,980 50,873 51,020 51,008 51,015 50,869 50,946

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.0 54.5 54.7 55.0 54.9 54.8 54.8 54.7 54.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,772 3,562 3,311 3,705 3,403 3,358 3,437 3,450 3,278

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 6.6 6.1 6.8 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.0

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,235 4,334 4,295 4,607 4,653 4,665 4,676 4,729 4,682

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.3 34.5 34.2 36.2 36.9 37.0 37.2 37.7 37.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,312 3,400 3,315 3,626 3,692 3,718 3,665 3,746 3,645

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.0 27.1 26.4 28.5 29.3 29.5 29.1 29.8 29.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 923 934 981 981 961 946 1,011 983 1,037

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.8 21.5 22.8 21.3 20.7 20.3 21.6 20.8 22.1

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,760 30,190 30,223 29,760 30,027 30,061 30,093 30,190 30,223

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,219 18,554 18,531 18,344 18,716 18,374 18,403 18,641 18,639

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.2 61.5 61.3 61.6 62.3 61.1 61.2 61.7 61.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,651 15,897 15,969 15,761 16,011 15,952 15,827 16,073 16,059

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.6 52.7 52.8 53.0 53.3 53.1 52.6 53.2 53.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,568 2,656 2,562 2,582 2,705 2,422 2,577 2,568 2,580

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.1 14.3 13.8 14.1 14.5 13.2 14.0 13.8 13.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,541 11,636 11,691 11,416 11,311 11,687 11,690 11,549 11,583

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,187 8,391 8,386 8,245 8,296 8,225 8,298 8,382 8,437

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.7 67.9 67.7 68.2 67.6 66.9 67.4 67.8 68.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,942 7,181 7,258 7,060 7,127 7,165 7,134 7,262 7,352

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.4 58.1 58.6 58.4 58.1 58.3 58.0 58.8 59.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,245 1,210 1,128 1,185 1,169 1,060 1,164 1,120 1,085

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.2 14.4 13.4 14.4 14.1 12.9 14.0 13.4 12.9

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,380 9,512 9,490 9,387 9,668 9,444 9,454 9,545 9,491

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.6 62.4 62.2 62.6 63.8 62.3 62.2 62.7 62.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,272 8,323 8,339 8,234 8,440 8,360 8,305 8,367 8,302

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.2 54.6 54.7 54.9 55.7 55.1 54.7 54.9 54.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,108 1,189 1,151 1,153 1,228 1,085 1,149 1,178 1,189

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.8 12.5 12.1 12.3 12.7 11.5 12.2 12.3 12.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651 651 656 712 752 704 651 714 711

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.3 25.0 25.3 26.6 28.7 27.0 25.1 27.5 27.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436 393 373 468 444 427 387 444 404

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.3 15.1 14.4 17.5 17.0 16.4 14.9 17.1 15.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 258 284 244 307 277 264 270 307

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.1 39.6 43.2 34.3 40.9 39.3 40.5 37.8 43.1

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,713 13,068 13,185 – – – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Feb.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,016 8,465 8,566 – – – – – –

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.1 64.8 65.0 – – – – – –

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,508 7,917 8,040 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.1 60.6 61.0 – – – – – –

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508 548 526 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 6.5 6.1 – – – – – –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,696 4,603 4,619 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Feb.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population.................. 36,384 37,094 37,169 36,384 37,058 37,147 37,231 37,094 37,169

Civilian labor force................................. 24,167 24,454 24,519 24,201 24,572 24,544 24,539 24,572 24,563

Participation rate................................. 66.4 65.9 66.0 66.5 66.3 66.1 65.9 66.2 66.1

Employed......................................... 21,407 21,875 21,999 21,638 22,112 22,109 22,195 22,199 22,215

Employment-population ratio................ 58.8 59.0 59.2 59.5 59.7 59.5 59.6 59.8 59.8

Unemployed...................................... 2,760 2,578 2,519 2,562 2,460 2,435 2,344 2,373 2,348

Unemployment rate........................... 11.4 10.5 10.3 10.6 10.0 9.9 9.6 9.7 9.6

Not in labor force................................... 12,218 12,640 12,650 12,184 12,486 12,602 12,692 12,522 12,606

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 13,262 13,465 13,534 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 81.1 80.6 80.8 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 11,881 12,155 12,304 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 72.6 72.7 73.4 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 1,381 1,309 1,230 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 10.4 9.7 9.1 – – – – – –

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 9,836 9,903 9,975 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 60.1 59.2 59.5 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 8,752 8,922 8,980 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 53.4 53.3 53.5 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 1,085 981 995 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 11.0 9.9 10.0 – – – – – –

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................. 1,068 1,086 1,010 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 29.2 29.8 27.7 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 774 798 716 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 21.2 21.9 19.6 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 294 288 294 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 27.5 26.5 29.1 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release

of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................... 11,119 11,035 10,842 11,495 11,251 11,097 11,120 11,125 11,256

Participation rate.................................... 45.1 45.1 45.4 46.6 45.8 45.3 45.1 45.5 47.2

Employed............................................ 9,469 9,502 9,463 10,018 9,880 9,753 9,821 9,784 9,999

Employment-population ratio................... 38.4 38.8 39.7 40.6 40.2 39.8 39.8 40.0 41.9

Unemployed......................................... 1,650 1,533 1,378 1,477 1,371 1,344 1,298 1,341 1,257

Unemployment rate.............................. 14.8 13.9 12.7 12.9 12.2 12.1 11.7 12.0 11.2

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................... 37,011 36,709 36,212 36,803 36,735 36,652 36,663 36,557 36,143

Participation rate.................................... 59.3 59.0 58.3 59.0 60.0 59.4 59.1 58.7 58.1

Employed............................................ 33,589 33,371 33,026 33,755 33,681 33,677 33,713 33,585 33,289

Employment-population ratio................... 53.9 53.6 53.1 54.1 55.0 54.6 54.3 54.0 53.6

Unemployed......................................... 3,422 3,338 3,186 3,048 3,054 2,975 2,950 2,972 2,854

Unemployment rate.............................. 9.2 9.1 8.8 8.3 8.3 8.1 8.0 8.1 7.9

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................... 37,485 37,225 37,478 37,257 37,662 37,274 37,397 37,201 37,291

Participation rate.................................... 69.5 68.4 68.4 69.1 68.8 68.4 68.7 68.3 68.0

Employed............................................ 34,669 34,496 34,914 34,523 35,043 34,832 34,831 34,587 34,776

Employment-population ratio................... 64.3 63.4 63.7 64.0 64.0 63.9 64.0 63.5 63.5

Unemployed......................................... 2,817 2,729 2,564 2,734 2,619 2,442 2,566 2,614 2,515

Unemployment rate.............................. 7.5 7.3 6.8 7.3 7.0 6.6 6.9 7.0 6.7

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................... 47,841 48,968 49,489 47,840 48,670 48,858 48,859 48,991 49,436

Participation rate.................................... 76.3 75.7 76.0 76.3 75.3 75.5 75.9 75.8 75.9

Employed............................................ 45,808 47,061 47,567 45,851 46,851 46,968 46,954 47,172 47,555

Employment-population ratio................... 73.0 72.8 73.0 73.1 72.5 72.6 72.9 72.9 73.0

Unemployed......................................... 2,034 1,907 1,922 1,989 1,818 1,891 1,905 1,819 1,881

Unemployment rate.............................. 4.3 3.9 3.9 4.2 3.7 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.8

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2013

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,315 21,520 19,506 19,304 1,809 2,216

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,101 11,114 9,961 9,728 1,140 1,387

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.1 51.6 51.1 50.4 63.0 62.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,324 10,342 9,246 9,058 1,078 1,284

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.4 48.1 47.4 46.9 59.6 57.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 777 772 715 669 61 103

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 6.9 7.2 6.9 5.4 7.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,214 10,406 9,545 9,576 669 829

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,524 2,694 2,092 2,147 432 547

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,025 2,161 1,726 1,807 299 353

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.2 80.2 82.5 84.2 69.2 64.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,870 1,958 1,594 1,645 277 313

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.1 72.7 76.2 76.6 64.0 57.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 203 132 162 22 41

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 9.4 7.6 9.0 7.4 11.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499 533 366 339 133 194

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,077 3,324 2,572 2,674 505 650

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,581 2,806 2,198 2,331 383 475

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.9 84.4 85.5 87.2 75.9 73.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,432 2,637 2,072 2,184 360 452

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.0 79.3 80.6 81.7 71.2 69.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 169 126 147 23 22

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.8 6.0 5.7 6.3 6.1 4.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496 519 374 343 122 175

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,010 10,008 9,687 9,630 323 378

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,242 3,080 3,122 2,956 120 124

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.4 30.8 32.2 30.7 37.1 32.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,027 2,852 2,908 2,736 119 116

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.2 28.5 30.0 28.4 37.0 30.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 228 214 220 0 8

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6 7.4 6.9 7.4 0.4 6.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,768 6,928 6,565 6,674 203 254

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,704 5,494 5,156 4,853 549 640

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,253 3,068 2,916 2,633 338 434

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.0 55.8 56.5 54.3 61.5 67.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,995 2,895 2,673 2,493 322 403

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.5 52.7 51.8 51.4 58.8 62.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258 172 243 140 15 32

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9 5.6 8.3 5.3 4.5 7.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,451 2,426 2,240 2,220 211 206

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212,182 214,160 92,771 94,137 119,411 120,024

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141,354 141,754 70,803 71,520 70,551 70,234

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.6 66.2 76.3 76.0 59.1 58.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129,189 130,558 64,235 65,485 64,953 65,073

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.9 61.0 69.2 69.6 54.4 54.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,165 11,196 6,568 6,035 5,597 5,161

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6 7.9 9.3 8.4 7.9 7.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,828 72,407 21,968 22,617 48,860 49,790

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S.

Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August

2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time

periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and

another period are classified only in the wartime period. Beginning with data for January 2013, estimates for veterans incorporate population controls derived from the updated

Department of Veterans Affairs’ population model.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2013

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population....................................................... 27,822 28,655 214,613 216,173

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 5,542 5,929 148,572 148,798

Participation rate...................................................................... 19.9 20.7 69.2 68.8

Employed.............................................................................. 4,665 5,198 136,019 137,030

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 16.8 18.1 63.4 63.4

Unemployed........................................................................... 878 732 12,552 11,768

Unemployment rate................................................................ 15.8 12.3 8.4 7.9

Not in labor force........................................................................ 22,280 22,726 66,042 67,374

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,458 2,746 74,926 74,959

Participation rate...................................................................... 32.9 35.1 82.1 82.0

Employed.............................................................................. 2,006 2,365 68,058 68,591

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 26.8 30.2 74.5 75.1

Unemployed........................................................................... 452 382 6,868 6,368

Unemployment rate................................................................ 18.4 13.9 9.2 8.5

Not in labor force........................................................................ 5,013 5,077 16,378 16,400

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,194 2,190 66,900 66,795

Participation rate...................................................................... 28.1 28.5 70.7 70.2

Employed.............................................................................. 1,843 1,910 61,625 61,793

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 23.6 24.8 65.1 65.0

Unemployed........................................................................... 352 280 5,276 5,002

Unemployment rate................................................................ 16.0 12.8 7.9 7.5

Not in labor force........................................................................ 5,617 5,504 27,719 28,305

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 890 993 6,746 7,044

Participation rate...................................................................... 7.1 7.6 23.5 23.7

Employed.............................................................................. 816 923 6,337 6,646

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 6.5 7.0 22.1 22.4

Unemployed........................................................................... 74 70 409 398

Unemployment rate................................................................ 8.3 7.1 6.1 5.7

Not in labor force........................................................................ 11,650 12,145 21,945 22,669

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing

even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition;

has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or

shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2013

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 37,463 37,858 18,237 18,408 19,226 19,451

Civilian labor force................................................... 24,826 25,242 14,310 14,478 10,516 10,764

Participation rate................................................... 66.3 66.7 78.5 78.7 54.7 55.3

Employed........................................................... 22,470 23,163 13,001 13,347 9,469 9,816

Employment-population ratio.................................. 60.0 61.2 71.3 72.5 49.3 50.5

Unemployed........................................................ 2,356 2,079 1,309 1,131 1,047 947

Unemployment rate............................................. 9.5 8.2 9.1 7.8 10.0 8.8

Not in labor force..................................................... 12,636 12,617 3,927 3,930 8,710 8,687

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 204,973 206,969 98,660 99,710 106,313 107,260

Civilian labor force................................................... 129,288 129,486 67,299 67,702 61,989 61,784

Participation rate................................................... 63.1 62.6 68.2 67.9 58.3 57.6

Employed........................................................... 118,214 119,065 61,035 61,813 57,179 57,252

Employment-population ratio.................................. 57.7 57.5 61.9 62.0 53.8 53.4

Unemployed........................................................ 11,074 10,421 6,264 5,889 4,810 4,532

Unemployment rate............................................. 8.6 8.0 9.3 8.7 7.8 7.3

Not in labor force..................................................... 75,685 77,483 31,361 32,007 44,324 45,476

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or

one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the

United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................... 2,030 1,895 1,914 2,188 2,195 2,121 2,088 2,057 2,065

Wage and salary workers1

....................... 1,238 1,123 1,132 1,363 1,394 1,320 1,295 1,245 1,258

Self-employed workers, unincorporated......... 767 736 754 813 751 776 747 775 792

Unpaid family workers............................. 26 36 27 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries............................ 138,654 139,718 140,314 139,856 141,245 141,149 141,190 141,255 141,415

Wage and salary workers1

....................... 130,204 131,177 131,742 131,312 132,326 132,038 132,113 132,445 132,694

Government...................................... 20,772 20,759 20,802 20,557 20,555 20,598 20,686 20,696 20,571

Private industries................................ 109,432 110,418 110,941 110,730 111,784 111,429 111,406 111,746 112,141

Private households............................ 621 799 676 – – – – – –

Other industries............................... 108,811 109,619 110,265 110,064 111,058 110,659 110,632 110,873 111,411

Self-employed workers, unincorporated......... 8,343 8,463 8,496 8,483 8,819 8,959 8,935 8,746 8,686

Unpaid family workers............................. 106 78 76 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3

................... 8,455 8,628 8,298 8,127 8,286 8,138 7,918 7,973 7,988

Slack work or business conditions............... 5,790 5,732 5,457 5,440 5,177 5,084 4,928 5,126 5,136

Could only find part-time work.................... 2,338 2,540 2,474 2,397 2,618 2,648 2,616 2,630 2,578

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 19,358 18,596 19,500 18,868 18,896 18,594 18,763 18,464 18,908

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3

................... 8,302 8,506 8,163 7,989 8,162 8,029 7,812 7,867 7,865

Slack work or business conditions............... 5,694 5,649 5,354 5,353 5,105 5,025 4,887 5,047 5,045

Could only find part-time work.................... 2,313 2,530 2,468 2,351 2,631 2,650 2,583 2,610 2,542

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 18,980 18,259 19,201 18,456 18,527 18,310 18,469 18,182 18,549

1 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the

entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions,

inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training,

retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during

the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,684 141,614 142,228 142,019 143,328 143,277 143,305 143,322 143,492

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,046 4,120 4,006 4,383 4,469 4,468 4,402 4,508 4,376

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,171 1,269 1,327 1,353 1,448 1,351 1,405 1,453 1,520

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,875 2,850 2,679 3,042 3,032 3,126 2,985 3,048 2,866

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136,638 137,494 138,222 137,636 138,858 138,809 138,903 138,814 139,116

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,104 13,064 13,251 13,381 13,549 13,595 13,570 13,471 13,527

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,534 124,430 124,970 124,237 125,285 125,200 125,406 125,311 125,604

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93,346 93,418 93,736 94,051 94,328 94,079 94,253 94,147 94,387

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,190 30,775 30,885 30,477 30,918 30,971 31,115 31,137 31,152

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,421 30,270 30,327 30,627 30,668 30,490 30,524 30,480 30,521

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,734 32,373 32,524 32,947 32,742 32,618 32,614 32,531 32,714

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,188 31,012 31,234 30,186 30,957 31,121 31,153 31,164 31,217

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,035 74,823 75,160 75,271 76,027 75,983 76,060 76,290 76,375

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,883 1,918 1,912 2,092 2,182 2,163 2,111 2,151 2,126

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 554 566 616 652 719 656 690 673 713

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,329 1,352 1,296 1,433 1,467 1,492 1,422 1,472 1,408

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,152 72,905 73,248 73,179 73,845 73,821 73,949 74,139 74,249

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,622 6,779 6,844 6,840 7,096 7,125 7,104 7,070 7,073

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,530 66,126 66,404 66,331 66,790 66,720 66,902 67,002 67,149

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,622 49,778 49,945 50,339 50,342 50,194 50,370 50,474 50,603

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,195 16,589 16,676 16,490 16,715 16,734 16,799 16,889 16,940

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,342 16,345 16,419 16,547 16,527 16,380 16,443 16,519 16,597

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,084 16,844 16,851 17,303 17,100 17,080 17,127 17,066 17,066

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,909 16,348 16,459 15,993 16,447 16,526 16,532 16,528 16,546

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,648 66,790 67,068 66,748 67,301 67,294 67,245 67,032 67,116

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,163 2,201 2,094 2,291 2,287 2,305 2,291 2,357 2,250

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 616 703 711 701 729 695 715 780 807

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,546 1,498 1,383 1,610 1,565 1,634 1,563 1,576 1,458

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,486 64,589 64,973 64,457 65,014 64,988 64,954 64,675 64,867

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,482 6,284 6,408 6,541 6,453 6,470 6,467 6,402 6,455

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,003 58,305 58,566 57,905 58,496 58,480 58,504 58,309 58,455

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,724 43,640 43,791 43,712 43,986 43,885 43,883 43,674 43,784

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,995 14,186 14,208 13,987 14,203 14,237 14,315 14,248 14,212

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,079 13,925 13,909 14,081 14,141 14,109 14,080 13,961 13,925

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,650 15,529 15,674 15,644 15,643 15,538 15,487 15,465 15,648

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,279 14,664 14,775 14,193 14,510 14,595 14,621 14,636 14,671

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,201 43,660 43,521 43,550 44,134 44,016 43,924 44,117 43,934

Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,603 34,488 34,656 34,357 34,561 34,576 34,611 34,271 34,400

Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,181 9,092 9,082 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,587 113,868 114,191 114,263 115,469 115,665 115,868 115,918 115,841

Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,096 27,746 28,037 27,608 27,869 27,517 27,502 27,467 27,569

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,116 6,738 7,435 6,979 6,927 7,109 7,017 6,919 7,259

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 4.8 5.2 4.9 4.8 5.0 4.9 4.8 5.1

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,226 5,244 5,246 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,110 9,200 9,250 9,296 9,570 9,735 9,682 9,521 9,478

1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Feb.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over............................. 12,806 12,332 12,032 8.3 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.7

16 to 19 years...................................... 1,365 1,381 1,466 23.7 23.7 23.6 23.5 23.4 25.1

16 to 17 years.................................... 575 576 581 29.8 25.3 28.4 25.8 28.4 27.6

18 to 19 years.................................... 808 801 857 21.0 22.7 20.4 22.6 20.8 23.0

20 years and over.................................. 11,441 10,951 10,566 7.7 7.3 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.1

20 to 24 years.................................... 2,149 2,238 2,033 13.8 13.2 12.6 13.7 14.2 13.1

25 years and over............................... 9,265 8,762 8,513 6.9 6.6 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.3

25 to 54 years................................. 7,372 6,783 6,565 7.3 6.8 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.5

25 to 34 years.............................. 2,890 2,594 2,627 8.7 8.2 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.8

35 to 44 years.............................. 2,225 2,116 2,029 6.8 6.3 6.2 6.6 6.5 6.2

45 to 54 years.............................. 2,257 2,073 1,908 6.4 6.1 6.0 5.8 6.0 5.5

55 years and over............................. 1,893 1,972 1,939 5.9 5.8 5.8 5.9 6.0 5.8

Men, 16 years and over.............................. 6,885 6,650 6,447 8.4 8.0 7.9 7.9 8.0 7.8

16 to 19 years...................................... 763 772 787 26.7 26.8 26.6 25.9 26.4 27.0

16 to 17 years.................................... 332 306 322 33.8 28.3 31.4 25.1 31.3 31.1

18 to 19 years.................................... 449 456 452 23.9 26.4 23.8 26.3 23.7 24.3

20 years and over.................................. 6,123 5,877 5,661 7.7 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.1

20 to 24 years.................................... 1,283 1,276 1,096 15.8 13.8 12.6 13.5 15.3 13.4

25 years and over............................... 4,796 4,668 4,526 6.7 6.6 6.6 6.5 6.5 6.3

25 to 54 years................................. 3,825 3,575 3,474 7.1 6.8 6.7 6.5 6.6 6.4

25 to 34 years.............................. 1,542 1,411 1,411 8.6 8.1 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.7

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,124 1,084 1,037 6.4 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.2 5.9

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,159 1,079 1,026 6.3 6.3 6.1 5.7 5.9 5.7

55 years and over............................. 971 1,093 1,052 5.7 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.0

Women, 16 years and over.......................... 5,921 5,682 5,585 8.1 7.7 7.6 7.8 7.8 7.7

16 to 19 years...................................... 603 608 680 20.8 20.4 20.5 21.2 20.5 23.2

16 to 17 years.................................... 243 269 259 25.7 22.0 25.3 26.6 25.7 24.3

18 to 19 years.................................... 359 344 404 18.2 18.8 17.0 18.9 17.9 21.7

20 years and over.................................. 5,318 5,074 4,905 7.6 7.2 7.0 7.3 7.3 7.0

20 to 24 years.................................... 867 962 937 11.7 12.5 12.6 13.9 13.1 12.7

25 years and over............................... 4,469 4,094 3,987 7.2 6.6 6.3 6.6 6.6 6.4

25 to 54 years................................. 3,547 3,208 3,091 7.5 6.9 6.7 6.9 6.8 6.6

25 to 34 years.............................. 1,347 1,183 1,217 8.8 8.3 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.9

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,101 1,031 992 7.3 6.6 6.4 7.1 6.9 6.7

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,098 994 882 6.6 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.0 5.3

55 years and over1

........................... 920 915 874 6.1 5.5 5.0 5.1 5.9 5.6

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present....................... 2,306 2,120 2,071 5.0 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.5

Married women, spouse present.................... 1,974 1,890 1,779 5.4 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.2 4.9

Women who maintain families1

.................... 1,222 1,156 1,126 11.7 11.5 10.7 11.3 11.3 11.0

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2.................................... 11,057 10,555 10,227 8.8 8.3 8.1 8.3 8.3 8.1

Part-time workers3................................... 1,770 1,802 1,832 6.0 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.

3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time

jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 7,866 7,575 7,130 7,187 6,536 6,429 6,408 6,637 6,522

On temporary layoff................................ 1,526 1,772 1,425 1,135 1,077 1,080 1,085 1,155 1,078

Not on temporary layoff............................ 6,340 5,803 5,705 6,052 5,460 5,349 5,323 5,483 5,443

Permanent job losers............................ 4,923 4,334 4,276 4,726 4,261 4,151 4,075 4,208 4,128

Persons who completed temporary jobs...... 1,416 1,469 1,429 1,326 1,199 1,198 1,248 1,275 1,315

Job leavers............................................. 1,032 1,014 950 1,035 1,009 926 983 981 956

Reentrants............................................. 3,337 3,497 3,308 3,341 3,319 3,325 3,587 3,515 3,340

New entrants.......................................... 1,196 1,095 1,111 1,382 1,302 1,326 1,291 1,287 1,279

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 58.6 57.5 57.0 55.5 53.7 53.5 52.2 53.4 53.9

On temporary layoff................................ 11.4 13.4 11.4 8.8 8.8 9.0 8.8 9.3 8.9

Not on temporary layoff............................ 47.2 44.0 45.6 46.8 44.9 44.6 43.4 44.1 45.0

Job leavers............................................. 7.7 7.7 7.6 8.0 8.3 7.7 8.0 7.9 7.9

Reentrants............................................. 24.8 26.5 26.5 25.8 27.3 27.7 29.2 28.3 27.6

New entrants.......................................... 8.9 8.3 8.9 10.7 10.7 11.0 10.5 10.4 10.6

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 5.1 4.9 4.6 4.6 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.2

Job leavers............................................. 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Reentrants............................................. 2.2 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.1

New entrants.......................................... 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 2,366 3,246 2,440 2,563 2,633 2,596 2,676 2,766 2,667

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 3,454 3,316 3,366 2,817 2,847 2,757 2,838 3,028 2,782

15 weeks and over.................................... 7,609 6,618 6,694 7,366 6,829 6,604 6,661 6,566 6,493

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 2,199 1,854 1,903 1,974 1,813 1,820 1,895 1,858 1,695

27 weeks and over................................. 5,411 4,764 4,791 5,392 5,017 4,784 4,766 4,708 4,797

Average (mean) duration, in weeks................ 39.1 33.6 36.0 39.9 39.9 39.7 38.1 35.3 36.9

Median duration, in weeks........................... 19.3 14.7 17.1 20.1 19.6 18.9 18.0 16.0 17.8

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 17.6 24.6 19.5 20.1 21.4 21.7 22.0 22.4 22.3

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 25.7 25.2 26.9 22.1 23.1 23.1 23.3 24.5 23.3

15 weeks and over.................................... 56.7 50.2 53.6 57.8 55.5 55.2 54.7 53.1 54.4

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 16.4 14.1 15.2 15.5 14.7 15.2 15.6 15.0 14.2

27 weeks and over................................. 40.3 36.1 38.3 42.3 40.8 40.0 39.1 38.1 40.2

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2013

Total, 16 years and over1............................................. 140,684 142,228 13,430 12,500 8.7 8.1

Management, professional, and related occupations............ 53,208 54,563 2,336 2,164 4.2 3.8

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations...................................................... 22,151 22,758 1,015 916 4.4 3.9

Professional and related occupations........................... 31,058 31,805 1,320 1,248 4.1 3.8

Service occupations.................................................. 24,751 25,136 2,810 2,740 10.2 9.8

Sales and office occupations....................................... 33,766 33,456 2,907 2,876 7.9 7.9

Sales and related occupations................................... 15,553 14,990 1,331 1,348 7.9 8.2

Office and administrative support occupations................. 18,212 18,466 1,576 1,528 8.0 7.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations......................................................... 12,461 12,602 2,033 1,750 14.0 12.2

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations..................... 890 839 221 160 19.9 16.1

Construction and extraction occupations....................... 6,878 6,825 1,495 1,276 17.9 15.8

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............. 4,693 4,938 317 314 6.3 6.0

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations......................................................... 16,498 16,472 2,096 1,826 11.3 10.0

Production occupations........................................... 8,272 8,095 971 806 10.5 9.1

Transportation and material moving occupations.............. 8,226 8,377 1,125 1,020 12.0 10.9

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2013

Total, 16 years and over1................................................................ 13,430 12,500 8.7 8.1

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers................................... 10,517 9,826 8.8 8.1

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction..................................... 66 53 7.2 4.8

Construction........................................................................... 1,404 1,291 17.1 15.7

Manufacturing......................................................................... 1,294 1,108 8.4 7.2

Durable goods...................................................................... 787 693 8.1 7.2

Nondurable goods................................................................. 506 415 9.0 7.3

Wholesale and retail trade.......................................................... 1,824 1,680 8.9 8.3

Transportation and utilities.......................................................... 440 468 7.6 7.5

Information............................................................................ 247 143 8.4 5.2

Financial activities.................................................................... 498 428 5.3 4.5

Professional and business services................................................ 1,590 1,480 10.3 9.6

Education and health services...................................................... 1,197 1,176 5.4 5.3

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 1,496 1,506 11.6 11.2

Other services........................................................................ 461 494 7.1 7.8

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers.......................... 290 175 19.5 13.6

Government workers.................................................................... 848 828 3.9 3.8

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............. 579 559 5.9 5.6

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Feb.

2013

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as

a percent of the civilian labor force.............. 4.9 4.3 4.3 4.8 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.2

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force........................................... 5.1 4.9 4.6 4.6 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.2

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate).................................................. 8.7 8.5 8.1 8.3 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.7

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

discouraged workers............................... 9.3 9.0 8.6 8.9 8.4 8.3 8.5 8.4 8.3

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers,

plus all other persons marginally attached to

the labor force, as a percent of the civilian

labor force plus all persons marginally attached

to the labor force................................... 10.2 9.9 9.6 9.8 9.3 9.2 9.4 9.3 9.2

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic reasons,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all

persons marginally attached to the labor

force.................................................. 15.6 15.4 14.9 15.0 14.5 14.4 14.4 14.4 14.3

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are

available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a

job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for

full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2013

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2013

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force............................................. 88,322 90,100 35,288 35,937 53,034 54,163

Persons who currently want a job.................................. 6,376 6,842 2,944 3,131 3,432 3,712

Marginally attached to the labor force1........................ 2,608 2,588 1,358 1,344 1,250 1,244

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 1,006 885 612 527 394 358

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . .. 1,603 1,704 746 817 856 886

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4

............................................. 7,116 7,435 3,422 3,680 3,695 3,755

Percent of total employed........................................... 5.1 5.2 4.6 4.9 5.5 5.6

Primary job full time, secondary job part time.................... 3,624 3,988 1,953 2,185 1,671 1,802

Primary and secondary jobs both part time....................... 1,934 2,043 600 671 1,334 1,371

Primary and secondary jobs both full time........................ 264 236 152 142 112 94

Hours vary on primary or secondary job.......................... 1,254 1,123 696 665 558 458

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week,

but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling

or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation

problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

Change

from:

Jan.2013 -

Feb.2013p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131,604 135,560 132,644 133,603 133,080 134,691 134,810 135,046 236

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109,333 113,321 110,920 111,432 111,136 112,817 112,957 113,203 246

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,802 18,416 18,040 18,087 18,365 18,522 18,563 18,630 67

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 832 855 845 852 851 860 864 869 5

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.2 50.8 47.8 49.3 49.7 50.6 49.0 50.7 1.7

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783.6 804.0 797.6 802.5 800.9 809.2 814.6 817.8 3.2

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180.6 190.9 190.6 190.9 183.1 191.7 192.2 193.3 1.1

Mining, except oil and gas1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214.0 219.8 215.4 217.1 225.1 224.3 226.1 227.3 1.2

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.2 83.4 83.3 84.3 89.7 83.8 83.8 84.5 0.7

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389.0 393.3 391.6 394.5 392.7 393.2 396.3 397.2 0.9

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,219 5,622 5,341 5,369 5,644 5,711 5,736 5,784 48

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,177.1 1,248.3 1,197.1 1,199.6 1,239.2 1,249.6 1,251.7 1,260.2 8.5

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545.5 575.5 546.4 546.7 577.1 574.4 575.2 577.5 2.3

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 631.6 672.8 650.7 652.9 662.1 675.2 676.5 682.7 6.2

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . . 754.4 847.2 781.3 789.2 866.5 884.6 890.4 898.6 8.2

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,287.7 3,526.2 3,362.7 3,380.4 3,538.6 3,576.5 3,593.7 3,625.4 31.7

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . 1,354.5 1,472.4 1,410.1 1,418.7 1,467.4 1,502.6 1,514.1 1,531.2 17.1

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . . 1,933.2 2,053.8 1,952.6 1,961.7 2,071.2 2,073.9 2,079.6 2,094.2 14.6

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,751 11,939 11,854 11,866 11,870 11,951 11,963 11,977 14

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,369 7,490 7,449 7,454 7,426 7,494 7,500 7,506 6

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329.7 342.0 337.4 339.0 339.5 343.9 345.1 349.1 4.0

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353.5 360.5 350.6 351.8 369.8 365.6 365.4 366.3 0.9

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398.9 397.3 397.4 394.5 400.3 398.3 398.0 396.0 -2.0

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,384.7 1,421.9 1,417.0 1,422.6 1,396.4 1,424.0 1,426.7 1,433.1 6.4

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,088.0 1,103.0 1,100.1 1,097.7 1,091.4 1,100.9 1,101.9 1,100.1 -1.8

Computer and electronic products1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,095.6 1,088.3 1,084.5 1,084.2 1,097.5 1,086.7 1,086.9 1,085.7 -1.2

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . . 157.4 158.8 159.2 158.6 157.6 158.4 159.4 158.9 -0.5

Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110.7 108.8 107.8 107.6 110.8 108.3 107.8 107.8 0.0

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385.4 382.9 381.0 380.5 385.9 382.5 381.9 381.2 -0.7

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401.4 397.4 396.6 398.1 401.9 397.4 397.7 398.0 0.3

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . . 368.7 369.5 365.6 362.9 370.2 368.3 366.1 364.3 -1.8

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,428.0 1,478.4 1,473.0 1,474.6 1,432.2 1,474.9 1,476.6 1,478.9 2.3

Motor vehicles and parts2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 753.2 788.6 785.1 786.7 754.8 786.0 787.4 788.1 0.7

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346.7 348.3 346.2 349.1 351.1 350.8 352.1 353.4 1.3

Miscellaneous durable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 574.7 581.1 577.1 577.4 577.4 580.1 580.7 579.5 -1.2

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,382 4,449 4,405 4,412 4,444 4,457 4,463 4,471 8

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,426.1 1,463.1 1,438.6 1,438.9 1,458.3 1,465.6 1,467.6 1,471.0 3.4

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.3 115.3 113.7 113.7 119.1 115.7 114.9 114.5 -0.4

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114.5 117.8 116.1 115.6 116.4 117.5 117.3 116.9 -0.4

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148.3 147.3 145.5 148.5 149.3 148.1 148.7 149.0 0.3

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377.6 377.5 376.9 376.8 379.7 377.2 377.6 378.6 1.0

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . . 461.2 458.2 453.7 452.5 466.1 457.3 457.3 456.9 -0.4

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109.3 113.1 112.8 111.3 113.4 115.0 116.6 115.1 -1.5

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 778.4 787.1 788.0 789.5 782.5 787.1 790.0 792.6 2.6

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635.7 648.6 644.1 648.3 640.0 649.6 650.8 652.7 1.9

Miscellaneous nondurable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212.6 220.6 216.0 216.5 219.5 223.4 222.3 223.3 1.0

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91,531 94,905 92,880 93,345 92,771 94,295 94,394 94,573 179

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,971 26,425 25,608 25,423 25,377 25,769 25,795 25,825 30

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,581.1 5,723.6 5,678.4 5,683.6 5,634.9 5,715.3 5,730.8 5,736.7 5.9

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,795.7 2,849.3 2,835.1 2,836.1 2,816.8 2,847.7 2,853.7 2,856.0 2.3

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,931.0 1,994.7 1,972.2 1,972.5 1,957.4 1,990.4 1,998.8 1,999.1 0.3

Electronic markets and agents and brokers.. . 854.4 879.6 871.1 875.0 860.7 877.2 878.3 881.6 3.3

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,514.2 15,538.3 14,938.7 14,771.3 14,804.7 15,004.1 15,033.1 15,056.8 23.7

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,701.0 1,736.2 1,722.2 1,728.2 1,726.1 1,747.4 1,751.9 1,753.3 1.4

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,074.4 1,098.5 1,094.4 1,096.1 1,083.9 1,103.2 1,105.6 1,105.8 0.2

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . . 433.9 470.8 453.3 446.6 439.2 446.5 448.5 451.4 2.9

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

Change

from:

Jan.2013 -

Feb.2013p

Retail trade - Continued

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 515.4 538.4 526.9 510.1 518.7 513.3 519.7 511.6 -8.1

Building material and garden supply stores.. . 1,113.8 1,138.6 1,115.0 1,131.1 1,164.3 1,177.1 1,177.4 1,181.6 4.2

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,810.1 2,913.0 2,878.2 2,866.0 2,841.9 2,887.1 2,892.2 2,897.8 5.6

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 987.2 1,036.1 1,020.1 1,018.0 994.4 1,017.7 1,020.0 1,024.3 4.3

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 823.0 844.8 832.3 835.5 836.8 846.3 845.3 848.3 3.0

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . . 1,319.2 1,620.1 1,467.1 1,405.0 1,375.4 1,454.1 1,461.5 1,463.5 2.0

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 562.1 619.7 582.4 566.1 573.4 576.4 576.7 578.0 1.3

General merchandise stores1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,036.9 3,314.8 3,106.4 3,033.7 3,101.8 3,088.5 3,090.4 3,094.4 4.0

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,497.6 1,638.8 1,501.8 1,450.4 1,528.7 1,475.4 1,475.8 1,476.8 1.0

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 774.4 826.4 788.3 793.0 787.4 807.4 806.0 808.0 2.0

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437.2 479.4 446.5 438.0 445.3 442.3 443.5 444.6 1.1

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,325.3 4,609.2 4,435.6 4,411.4 4,384.4 4,493.8 4,473.4 4,472.1 -1.3

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457.2 449.6 443.7 442.1 459.5 450.8 446.3 445.0 -1.3

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228.5 230.0 228.4 228.4 230.5 230.4 230.5 230.5 0.0

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.0 62.1 60.3 60.4 63.6 62.7 62.1 62.5 0.4

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,304.5 1,368.4 1,349.4 1,348.3 1,340.4 1,370.8 1,377.3 1,382.9 5.6

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457.6 478.6 478.2 474.8 446.5 462.1 465.6 462.2 -3.4

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.6 44.4 44.2 44.4 43.7 44.2 44.1 44.4 0.3

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . . 20.9 22.8 18.7 19.2 28.1 27.2 26.6 26.4 -0.2

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . . 567.9 592.8 587.2 588.7 572.0 589.1 590.8 592.0 1.2

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519.7 648.7 543.4 526.0 529.2 560.3 540.6 538.3 -2.3

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 663.4 711.8 682.1 679.1 670.9 696.2 689.5 687.9 -1.6

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550.2 554.1 555.3 556.2 552.9 555.3 557.5 558.9 1.4

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,679 2,685 2,639 2,704 2,681 2,676 2,677 2,697 20

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . 738.4 733.9 727.2 726.1 740.3 729.9 730.2 728.2 -2.0

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370.0 377.3 342.7 403.5 370.8 379.3 374.8 395.6 20.8

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283.3 287.1 285.2 287.3 283.9 285.8 286.3 287.1 0.8

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 868.9 854.2 856.1 859.0 865.9 851.1 854.8 855.2 0.4

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248.7 252.9 250.6 251.0 249.6 251.6 252.9 252.1 -0.8

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169.3 179.8 177.4 177.2 170.6 178.5 178.2 178.5 0.3

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,694 7,846 7,789 7,798 7,740 7,831 7,837 7,844 7

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,793.6 5,888.5 5,863.3 5,863.3 5,799.6 5,869.9 5,871.7 5,869.5 -2.2

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . . 17.1 17.4 16.6 16.5 17.1 17.3 16.8 16.7 -0.1

Credit intermediation and related

activities1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,559.7 2,610.5 2,602.7 2,602.3 2,558.4 2,601.9 2,602.7 2,601.0 -1.7

Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . . 1,735.6 1,742.6 1,740.5 1,737.8 1,737.2 1,739.1 1,740.4 1,739.2 -1.2

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,319.0 1,316.5 1,315.8 1,313.6 1,320.2 1,314.7 1,317.1 1,315.3 -1.8

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 810.9 819.9 816.9 820.4 812.6 818.0 819.9 821.7 1.8

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . . 2,320.0 2,353.3 2,340.4 2,338.2 2,325.1 2,346.1 2,345.4 2,343.6 -1.8

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles. . . 85.9 87.4 86.7 85.9 86.4 86.6 86.9 86.5 -0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,900.7 1,957.4 1,925.2 1,934.9 1,940.8 1,961.2 1,965.2 1,974.1 8.9

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,385.6 1,426.5 1,404.0 1,409.5 1,411.1 1,423.0 1,428.3 1,433.0 4.7

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490.7 506.9 497.9 502.1 505.1 514.6 513.4 517.6 4.2

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . . 24.4 24.0 23.3 23.3 24.6 23.6 23.5 23.5 0.0

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,486 18,237 17,809 17,984 17,753 18,152 18,168 18,241 73

Professional and technical services1

. . . . . . . . . . . 7,885.8 8,040.5 8,012.0 8,105.9 7,804.2 7,995.8 7,997.4 8,024.2 26.8

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,113.5 1,131.9 1,117.1 1,118.5 1,119.7 1,128.0 1,124.5 1,124.7 0.2

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . . 1,046.3 924.1 998.7 1,058.5 905.3 914.5 906.5 917.4 10.9

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . 1,294.2 1,336.3 1,315.2 1,319.9 1,313.1 1,336.0 1,336.3 1,339.4 3.1

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,585.2 1,664.1 1,655.1 1,665.9 1,588.8 1,658.5 1,663.6 1,669.4 5.8

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,090.7 1,158.9 1,140.4 1,149.7 1,100.7 1,145.4 1,154.8 1,159.2 4.4

Management of companies and enterprises. . . . 1,980.2 2,028.9 2,011.7 2,009.2 1,991.9 2,020.9 2,020.3 2,022.2 1.9

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,620.0 8,167.5 7,785.5 7,869.1 7,957.3 8,135.2 8,150.0 8,194.1 44.1

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

Change

from:

Jan.2013 -

Feb.2013p

Administrative and waste services - Continued

Administrative and support services1. . . . . . . . 7,256.3 7,794.3 7,413.7 7,499.6 7,585.0 7,759.3 7,772.2 7,816.5 44.3

Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,969.3 3,304.9 3,054.4 3,101.6 3,113.9 3,213.6 3,217.7 3,238.8 21.1

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,347.8 2,651.2 2,428.8 2,457.9 2,472.8 2,569.2 2,566.2 2,582.2 16.0

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 826.6 856.7 834.2 843.2 822.5 834.5 833.8 839.3 5.5

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . . 1,650.3 1,766.9 1,679.3 1,694.9 1,814.3 1,840.8 1,846.5 1,856.4 9.9

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363.7 373.2 371.8 369.5 372.3 375.9 377.8 377.6 -0.2

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,302 20,673 20,370 20,647 20,175 20,496 20,505 20,529 24

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,481.8 3,463.0 3,242.1 3,463.5 3,325.2 3,344.7 3,334.8 3,320.1 -14.7

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,820.0 17,209.5 17,128.2 17,183.3 16,850.1 17,150.9 17,170.2 17,209.3 39.1

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,157.5 14,492.7 14,424.9 14,459.7 14,197.7 14,453.7 14,466.7 14,498.7 32.0

Ambulatory health care services1

. . . . . . . . . 6,227.4 6,441.9 6,422.5 6,443.0 6,246.1 6,419.3 6,446.0 6,459.7 13.7

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,362.1 2,433.0 2,418.0 2,421.3 2,367.8 2,417.9 2,423.2 2,427.5 4.3

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 638.2 670.6 672.0 677.4 638.0 669.7 673.5 676.8 3.3

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,167.9 1,244.4 1,240.2 1,249.1 1,172.0 1,239.5 1,245.2 1,251.3 6.1

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,764.7 4,831.0 4,814.8 4,822.9 4,771.0 4,823.4 4,820.3 4,829.2 8.9

Nursing and residential care facilities1

. . . . 3,165.4 3,219.8 3,187.6 3,193.8 3,180.6 3,211.0 3,200.4 3,209.8 9.4

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,654.7 1,669.9 1,656.1 1,654.8 1,664.0 1,665.5 1,660.4 1,664.0 3.6

Social assistance1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,662.5 2,716.8 2,703.3 2,723.6 2,652.4 2,697.2 2,703.5 2,710.6 7.1

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 868.2 869.7 865.5 874.3 853.8 857.3 857.6 859.2 1.6

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,038 13,591 13,257 13,359 13,632 13,901 13,931 13,955 24

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,749.1 1,825.6 1,757.3 1,782.1 1,956.9 1,982.0 1,986.2 1,988.9 2.7

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . . 368.2 396.9 369.9 385.8 400.1 414.0 414.7 417.2 2.5

Museums, historical sites, and similar

institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.8 130.1 125.4 126.4 135.9 137.4 137.7 138.4 0.7

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . . 1,257.1 1,298.6 1,262.0 1,269.9 1,420.9 1,430.6 1,433.8 1,433.3 -0.5

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,289.1 11,765.8 11,499.5 11,577.2 11,675.5 11,919.2 11,945.2 11,965.8 20.6

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,724.7 1,755.2 1,724.2 1,733.1 1,815.6 1,818.3 1,821.2 1,823.0 1.8

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . . 9,564.4 10,010.6 9,775.3 9,844.1 9,859.9 10,100.9 10,124.0 10,142.8 18.8

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,361 5,448 5,408 5,430 5,413 5,470 5,481 5,482 1

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,175.5 1,191.3 1,185.3 1,192.9 1,186.2 1,199.7 1,202.5 1,203.5 1.0

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,287.0 1,328.2 1,313.4 1,313.9 1,302.6 1,328.3 1,332.9 1,330.4 -2.5

Membership associations and organizations. . . . 2,898.1 2,928.7 2,909.6 2,922.7 2,924.5 2,941.5 2,945.2 2,947.9 2.7

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,271 22,239 21,724 22,171 21,944 21,874 21,853 21,843 -10

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,806.0 2,798.0 2,771.0 2,771.0 2,832.0 2,799.0 2,795.0 2,795.0 0.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,191.7 2,189.9 2,170.2 2,165.6 2,212.9 2,194.8 2,191.7 2,187.5 -4.2

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 614.7 608.3 600.7 605.3 618.9 603.7 603.1 607.6 4.5

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,179.0 5,150.0 4,921.0 5,140.0 5,051.0 5,040.0 5,027.0 5,019.0 -8.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,515.6 2,502.1 2,270.9 2,492.9 2,376.4 2,381.3 2,367.2 2,361.8 -5.4

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 2,663.4 2,648.1 2,649.9 2,646.8 2,674.9 2,658.6 2,659.8 2,657.5 -2.3

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,286.0 14,291.0 14,032.0 14,260.0 14,061.0 14,035.0 14,031.0 14,029.0 -2.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,134.6 8,097.0 7,880.7 8,105.1 7,795.5 7,763.2 7,761.2 7,758.7 -2.5

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 6,150.9 6,194.0 6,150.8 6,154.9 6,265.4 6,271.3 6,269.9 6,270.2 0.3

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 34.6 34.5 34.4 34.5

Goods-producing..................................................................... 40.4 40.4 40.2 40.5

Mining and logging................................................................ 44.6 43.5 42.9 43.4

Construction........................................................................ 38.8 39.3 38.8 39.1

Manufacturing...................................................................... 40.9 40.8 40.7 40.9

Durable goods................................................................... 41.3 41.0 41.0 41.3

Nondurable goods............................................................... 40.2 40.4 40.2 40.3

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.4 33.3 33.2 33.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 34.7 34.5 34.3 34.6

Wholesale trade................................................................. 38.8 38.6 38.5 38.6

Retail trade....................................................................... 31.9 31.4 31.2 31.6

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 38.3 38.4 38.4 38.5

Utilities............................................................................ 41.3 42.2 42.2 42.7

Information.......................................................................... 36.8 36.5 36.3 36.3

Financial activities................................................................. 37.3 37.2 37.0 37.2

Professional and business services............................................. 35.9 36.0 36.0 36.1

Education and health services................................................... 32.9 32.8 32.9 32.9

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 26.1 26.1 26.0 26.1

Other services...................................................................... 31.7 31.5 31.4 31.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4

Durable goods........................................................................ 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.3

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

Total private................................................. $23.33 $23.75 $23.78 $23.82 $ 807.22 $ 819.38 $ 818.03 $ 821.79

Goods-producing........................................ 24.59 24.89 24.88 24.92 993.44 1,005.56 1,000.18 1,009.26

Mining and logging................................... 28.52 29.14 28.98 28.67 1,271.99 1,267.59 1,243.24 1,244.28

Construction........................................... 25.56 25.97 26.02 26.04 991.73 1,020.62 1,009.58 1,018.16

Manufacturing......................................... 23.85 24.07 24.04 24.11 975.47 982.06 978.43 986.10

Durable goods...................................... 25.26 25.44 25.44 25.47 1,043.24 1,043.04 1,043.04 1,051.91

Nondurable goods................................. 21.42 21.72 21.64 21.77 861.08 877.49 869.93 877.33

Private service-providing............................... 23.03 23.47 23.52 23.56 769.20 781.55 780.86 786.90

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 20.23 20.73 20.77 20.79 701.98 715.19 712.41 719.33

Wholesale trade.................................... 26.53 27.36 27.30 27.43 1,029.36 1,056.10 1,051.05 1,058.80

Retail trade.......................................... 16.08 16.48 16.51 16.53 512.95 517.47 515.11 522.35

Transportation and warehousing................. 21.87 21.92 22.08 22.05 837.62 841.73 847.87 848.93

Utilities............................................... 33.51 34.89 35.03 35.05 1,383.96 1,472.36 1,478.27 1,496.64

Information............................................. 31.64 32.18 32.24 32.21 1,164.35 1,174.57 1,170.31 1,169.22

Financial activities.................................... 28.74 29.80 29.93 30.03 1,072.00 1,108.56 1,107.41 1,117.12

Professional and business services................ 27.91 28.29 28.36 28.35 1,001.97 1,018.44 1,020.96 1,023.44

Education and health services...................... 24.12 24.47 24.47 24.59 793.55 802.62 805.06 809.01

Leisure and hospitality............................... 13.32 13.38 13.38 13.39 347.65 349.22 347.88 349.48

Other services......................................... 20.65 21.10 21.16 21.23 654.61 664.65 664.42 672.99

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

Percent

change

from:

Jan.

2013 -

Feb.

2013p

Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

Percent

change

from:

Jan.

2013 -

Feb.

2013p

Total private....................................... 96.3 97.5 97.3 97.8 0.5 107.2 110.4 110.4 111.1 0.6

Goods-producing............................... 84.5 85.3 85.0 86.0 1.2 93.9 95.9 95.6 96.8 1.3

Mining and logging.......................... 119.3 117.6 116.5 118.5 1.7 136.6 137.5 135.5 136.4 0.7

Construction.................................. 75.5 77.4 76.7 78.0 1.7 83.8 87.3 86.7 88.2 1.7

Manufacturing................................ 87.3 87.7 87.6 88.1 0.6 96.9 98.2 97.9 98.8 0.9

Durable goods............................ 86.3 86.5 86.6 87.3 0.8 96.9 97.7 97.8 98.7 0.9

Nondurable goods........................ 89.2 89.9 89.5 89.9 0.4 96.9 99.0 98.3 99.3 1.0

Private service-providing...................... 99.5 100.8 100.6 101.4 0.8 111.0 114.6 114.6 115.7 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 95.8 96.7 96.2 97.2 1.0 104.3 107.9 107.6 108.7 1.0

Wholesale trade........................... 95.4 96.3 96.3 96.6 0.3 105.6 109.9 109.7 110.6 0.8

Retail trade................................ 95.9 95.7 95.3 96.6 1.4 102.0 104.3 104.0 105.6 1.5

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 96.1 98.8 98.3 98.5 0.2 106.7 109.9 110.2 110.3 0.1

Utilities..................................... 98.8 101.4 101.8 103.3 1.5 109.4 116.9 117.8 119.6 1.5

Information................................... 90.1 89.2 88.7 89.4 0.8 101.5 102.2 101.9 102.5 0.6

Financial activities........................... 94.6 95.4 95.0 95.6 0.6 106.0 110.9 110.9 111.9 0.9

Professional and business services....... 100.2 102.8 102.9 103.6 0.7 113.3 117.8 118.2 119.0 0.7

Education and health services............. 108.1 109.4 109.8 110.0 0.2 122.1 125.5 125.9 126.7 0.6

Leisure and hospitality...................... 101.5 103.5 103.3 103.9 0.6 109.1 111.7 111.6 112.3 0.6

Other services............................... 95.1 95.5 95.4 96.3 0.9 111.4 114.3 114.5 116.0 1.3

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

Total nonfarm............................................... 65,677 66,466 66,528 66,608 49.4 49.3 49.3 49.3

Total private.............................................. 53,158 53,993 54,072 54,156 47.8 47.9 47.9 47.8

Goods-producing...................................... 4,069 4,099 4,102 4,109 22.2 22.1 22.1 22.1

Mining and logging................................. 111 115 116 116 13.0 13.4 13.4 13.3

Construction........................................ 715 730 732 732 12.7 12.8 12.8 12.7

Manufacturing....................................... 3,243 3,254 3,254 3,261 27.3 27.2 27.2 27.2

Durable goods................................... 1,723 1,734 1,733 1,733 23.2 23.1 23.1 23.1

Nondurable goods............................... 1,520 1,520 1,521 1,528 34.2 34.1 34.1 34.2

Private service-providing............................. 49,089 49,894 49,970 50,047 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities............... 10,201 10,408 10,425 10,438 40.2 40.4 40.4 40.4

Wholesale trade................................. 1,693.3 1,706.4 1,708.6 1,708.5 30.1 29.9 29.8 29.8

Retail trade....................................... 7,352.3 7,517.7 7,532.9 7,553.5 49.7 50.1 50.1 50.2

Transportation and warehousing.............. 1,018.7 1,046.1 1,044.6 1,036.9 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.2

Utilities............................................ 137.0 138.0 138.9 139.5 24.8 24.9 24.9 25.0

Information.......................................... 1,082 1,069 1,074 1,074 40.4 39.9 40.1 39.8

Financial activities.................................. 4,502 4,530 4,535 4,534 58.2 57.8 57.9 57.8

Professional and business services............. 7,849 8,037 8,055 8,087 44.2 44.3 44.3 44.3

Education and health services................... 15,485 15,723 15,744 15,768 76.8 76.7 76.8 76.8

Leisure and hospitality............................. 7,122 7,249 7,255 7,265 52.2 52.1 52.1 52.1

Other services...................................... 2,848 2,878 2,882 2,881 52.6 52.6 52.6 52.6

Government.............................................. 12,519 12,473 12,456 12,452 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

Total private................................................................................ 91,838 93,237 93,308 93,506

Goods-producing........................................................................ 13,282 13,347 13,394 13,445

Mining and logging................................................................... 648 639 639 647

Construction........................................................................... 4,266 4,300 4,338 4,373

Manufacturing......................................................................... 8,368 8,408 8,417 8,425

Durable goods...................................................................... 5,124 5,167 5,175 5,178

Nondurable goods................................................................. 3,244 3,241 3,242 3,247

Private service-providing............................................................... 78,556 79,890 79,914 80,061

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................................................. 21,532 21,877 21,852 21,872

Wholesale trade.................................................................... 4,532.8 4,609.2 4,617.1 4,622.2

Retail trade......................................................................... 12,782.3 12,918.7 12,919.6 12,940.7

Transportation and warehousing................................................. 3,775.5 3,902.6 3,866.8 3,858.9

Utilities............................................................................... 441.1 446.0 448.2 450.1

Information............................................................................ 2,161 2,170 2,167 2,181

Financial activities.................................................................... 5,947 6,026 6,031 6,029

Professional and business services................................................ 14,642 15,009 15,008 15,084

Education and health services...................................................... 17,701 17,965 17,986 18,011

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 12,038 12,273 12,288 12,302

Other services........................................................................ 4,535 4,570 4,582 4,582

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 33.8 33.7 33.6 33.8

Goods-producing..................................................................... 41.3 41.3 41.1 41.3

Mining and logging................................................................ 47.3 45.8 44.3 45.5

Construction........................................................................ 39.3 39.7 39.4 39.6

Manufacturing...................................................................... 41.8 41.8 41.7 41.9

Durable goods................................................................... 42.3 42.1 42.0 42.3

Nondurable goods............................................................... 41.1 41.3 41.2 41.3

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 33.9 33.8 33.5 33.7

Wholesale trade................................................................. 38.8 38.7 38.7 38.9

Retail trade....................................................................... 30.7 30.4 30.0 30.2

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 37.9 38.2 38.2 38.3

Utilities............................................................................ 40.7 41.1 41.1 42.1

Information.......................................................................... 36.1 35.8 35.7 35.8

Financial activities................................................................. 36.6 36.9 36.6 36.7

Professional and business services............................................. 35.3 35.3 35.2 35.4

Education and health services................................................... 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.4

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 24.9 25.0 24.9 24.9

Other services...................................................................... 30.7 30.6 30.6 30.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 4.2 4.3 4.2 4.3

Durable goods........................................................................ 4.4 4.2 4.2 4.3

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 3.9 4.4 4.3 4.3

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

Total private................................................. $19.64 $19.93 $19.99 $20.04 $ 663.83 $ 671.64 $ 671.66 $ 677.35

Goods-producing........................................ 20.84 21.08 21.11 21.15 860.69 870.60 867.62 873.50

Mining and logging................................... 25.49 26.21 26.22 26.23 1,205.68 1,200.42 1,161.55 1,193.47

Construction........................................... 23.80 24.15 24.22 24.23 935.34 958.76 954.27 959.51

Manufacturing......................................... 19.02 19.17 19.19 19.22 795.04 801.31 800.22 805.32

Durable goods...................................... 20.14 20.26 20.26 20.23 851.92 852.95 850.92 855.73

Nondurable goods................................. 17.19 17.39 17.46 17.55 706.51 718.21 719.35 724.82

Private service-providing............................... 19.38 19.68 19.75 19.80 629.85 639.60 639.90 643.50

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 17.31 17.49 17.56 17.57 586.81 591.16 588.26 592.11

Wholesale trade.................................... 22.03 22.40 22.31 22.33 854.76 866.88 863.40 868.64

Retail trade.......................................... 13.74 13.85 13.92 13.92 421.82 421.04 417.60 420.38

Transportation and warehousing................. 19.57 19.42 19.55 19.58 741.70 741.84 746.81 749.91

Utilities............................................... 31.05 31.80 32.19 32.12 1,263.74 1,306.98 1,323.01 1,352.25

Information............................................. 26.74 27.48 27.77 27.76 965.31 983.78 991.39 993.81

Financial activities.................................... 22.47 23.37 23.46 23.58 822.40 862.35 858.64 865.39

Professional and business services................ 23.11 23.48 23.58 23.63 815.78 828.84 830.02 836.50

Education and health services...................... 21.01 21.25 21.28 21.35 680.72 686.38 687.34 691.74

Leisure and hospitality............................... 11.57 11.67 11.66 11.69 288.09 291.75 290.33 291.08

Other services......................................... 17.47 17.77 17.81 17.88 536.33 543.76 544.99 550.70

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

Percent

change

from:

Jan.

2013 -

Feb.

2013p

Feb.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013p

Feb.

2013p

Percent

change

from:

Jan.

2013 -

Feb.

2013p

Total private....................................... 103.6 104.9 104.6 105.5 0.9 135.9 139.6 139.7 141.2 1.1

Goods-producing............................... 83.8 84.2 84.1 84.9 1.0 107.0 108.7 108.7 109.9 1.1

Mining and logging.......................... 162.9 155.5 150.4 156.4 4.0 241.5 237.1 229.4 238.7 4.1

Construction.................................. 83.9 85.5 85.6 86.7 1.3 107.9 111.5 111.9 113.4 1.3

Manufacturing................................ 80.3 80.7 80.6 81.0 0.5 99.9 101.1 101.1 101.9 0.8

Durable goods............................ 81.4 81.7 81.7 82.3 0.7 102.4 103.4 103.3 103.9 0.6

Nondurable goods........................ 78.6 78.9 78.7 79.0 0.4 95.4 96.9 97.1 98.0 0.9

Private service-providing...................... 109.0 110.8 110.5 111.1 0.5 144.7 149.4 149.6 150.7 0.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 101.8 103.1 102.1 102.8 0.7 125.7 128.6 127.8 128.8 0.8

Wholesale trade........................... 103.6 105.0 105.2 105.9 0.7 134.4 138.6 138.3 139.3 0.7

Retail trade................................ 99.3 99.4 98.1 98.9 0.8 117.0 118.0 117.0 118.0 0.9

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 107.7 112.2 111.2 111.3 0.1 133.7 138.2 137.9 138.2 0.2

Utilities..................................... 91.8 93.7 94.2 96.9 2.9 119.0 124.4 126.6 129.9 2.6

Information................................... 89.0 88.7 88.3 89.1 0.9 117.9 120.6 121.4 122.5 0.9

Financial activities........................... 102.5 104.7 103.9 104.2 0.3 141.7 150.5 150.0 151.1 0.7

Professional and business services....... 115.8 118.7 118.4 119.7 1.1 159.3 165.9 166.1 168.3 1.3

Education and health services............. 123.7 125.2 125.3 125.9 0.5 170.9 174.9 175.3 176.7 0.8

Leisure and hospitality...................... 109.8 112.4 112.1 112.2 0.1 144.3 148.9 148.4 149.0 0.4

Other services............................... 97.6 98.1 98.3 99.0 0.7 124.3 127.0 127.6 128.9 1.0

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary