For release 10:00 a.m. (EST) Tuesday, December 8, 2015 USDL-15-2328

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – OCTOBER 2015

The number of job openings was little changed at 5.4 million on the last business day of October, the

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires and separations were little changed at 5.1 million 

and 4.9 million, respectively. Within separations, the quits rate was 1.9 percent for the seventh

consecutive month, and the layoffs and discharges rate was 1.2 percent. This release includes estimates 

of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by 

four geographic regions.

Job Openings

Job openings were little changed at 5.4 million in October. The job openings rate was 3.6 percent. The 

number of job openings was little changed in October for total private and government. Job openings 

decreased in professional and business services (-137,000) and in the West region (-132,000). (See table 

1.)

The number of job openings (not seasonally adjusted) increased over the 12 months ending in October

for total nonfarm, total private, and government. Job openings rose over the year in health care and 

social assistance (+225,000), retail trade (+141,000), state and local government (+51,000), and federal 

government (+15,000). Job openings decreased over the year in finance and insurance (-55,000) and 

mining and logging (-17,000). The number of job openings increased over the year in 3 out of the 4

regions—Northeast, South, and Midwest—and was little changed in the West. (See table 7.)

 2.0

 2.2

 2.4

 2.6

 2.8

 3.0

 3.2

 3.4

 3.6

 3.8

 4.0

Percent

2014 2015

Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted, November 2012 - October 2015

2013

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.4

3.6

3.8

4.0

Hires

Separations

Percent

2014 2015

Chart 2. Hires and total separations rates, seasonally adjusted, November 2012 - October 2015

2013
- 2 -

Hires

The number of hires was 5.1 million in October, little changed from September. The hires rate was 3.6

percent. The number of hires was little changed for total private and government in October. There was 

little change in the number of hires in all industries while hires increased in the West region over the 

month. (See table 2.)

Over the 12 months ending in October, the number of hires (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed

for total nonfarm and total private, and increased for government. At the industry level, hires increased 

in state and local government (+33,000). The number of hires was little changed in all four regions over 

the year. (See table 8.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 

referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 

the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 

discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations 

due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 4.9 million total separations in October, little changed from September. The total 

separations rate was 3.4 percent. The number of total separations was little changed for total private and

rose for government. In October, total separations were little changed in all industries except state and 

local government where the number increased. The number of total separations was essentially 

unchanged in all four regions. (See table 3.)

There were 2.8 million quits in October, little changed from September. The number of quits has held

between 2.7 million and 2.8 million for the past 14 months. The quits rate remained unchanged in 

October, measuring 1.9 percent for the seventh consecutive month. The number of quits was little 

changed for total private and rose for government over the month. Quits rose in state and local 

government (+19,000) and nondurable goods manufacturing (+17,000), but fell in durable goods 

manufacturing (-15,000). Quits were little changed in all four regions over the month. (See table 4.)

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the 12 months ending in October

for total nonfarm, total private, and government. Quits increased over the year in accommodation and 

food services (+58,000) and nondurable goods manufacturing (+26,000). In the regions, quits rose in the 

Midwest. (See table 10.)

There were 1.7 million layoffs and discharges in October, little changed from September. The layoffs 

and discharges rate was 1.2 percent. The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed over the 

month for total private and edged up for government. Layoffs and discharges were little changed in all 

four regions. (See table 5.) Seasonally adjusted estimates of layoffs and discharges are not available for 

individual industries.

The number of layoffs and discharges (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the 12 months 

ending in October for total nonfarm and total private, and rose for government. The number of layoffs 

and discharges rose over the year in state and local government (+30,000) and mining and logging 

(+6,000). The number of layoffs and discharges fell over the year in professional and business services 
- 3 -

(-88,000) and transportation, warehousing, and utilities (-28,000). Layoffs and discharges fell in the 

Midwest over the year. (See table 11.)

In October, there were 414,000 other separations for total nonfarm, little changed from September.

Over the month, the number of other separations was little changed for total private at 338,000 and for

government at 76,000. (See table 6.) Seasonally adjusted estimates of other separations are not available 

for individual industries or regions.

Over the 12 months ending in October, the number of other separations (not seasonally adjusted) was 

little changed for total nonfarm, total private, and government. Other separations increased over the year 

in finance and insurance (+22,000), information (+7,000), and federal government (+6,000). The 

number of other separations decreased over the year in wholesale trade (-19,000). Other separations 

were little changed in all four regions over the year. (See table 12.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 

employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 

hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 

Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 

if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in October 2015, hires totaled 61.0

million and separations totaled 58.3 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.7 million. These 

totals include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for November 2015 are scheduled to be 

released on Tuesday, January 12, 2016 at 10:00 a.m. (EST).
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Oct.

2014

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Oct.

2014

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Oct.

2014

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY

(in thousands)

Total nonfarm........................................ 4,849 5,534 5,383 5,106 5,080 5,137 4,906 4,886 4,863

Total private1...................................... 4,440 5,041 4,887 4,802 4,750 4,790 4,586 4,569 4,506

Construction.................................... 139 119 126 322 317 322 303 311 289

Manufacturing.................................. 283 315 297 286 282 265 258 275 270

Durable goods............................... 180 199 179 174 176 150 148 170 148

Nondurable goods........................... 103 116 118 112 106 116 110 105 122

Trade, transportation, and utilities2.......... 873 1,019 1,030 1,129 1,059 1,063 1,060 1,033 975

Retail trade................................... 500 654 632 779 734 748 735 734 696

Professional and business services......... 964 1,204 1,067 1,085 1,036 1,039 1,064 971 971

Education and health services3.............. 854 1,077 1,069 601 603 619 587 537 579

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 769 988 977 518 525 543 502 463 491

Leisure and hospitality........................ 698 696 709 903 951 970 841 937 926

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 54 53 48 149 131 155 133 132 153

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 644 643 661 754 820 815 708 805 774

Government4

...................................... 409 493 496 303 330 347 320 317 357

State and local................................. 355 429 425 275 297 309 285 283 317

RATES BY INDUSTRY

(percent)

Total nonfarm........................................ 3.4 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.4

Total private1

...................................... 3.6 4.0 3.9 4.1 3.9 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.7

Construction.................................... 2.2 1.8 1.9 5.2 4.9 5.0 4.9 4.9 4.5

Manufacturing.................................. 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2

Durable goods............................... 2.3 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.3 1.9 1.9 2.2 1.9

Nondurable goods........................... 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities2

.......... 3.2 3.6 3.7 4.3 3.9 3.9 4.0 3.8 3.6

Retail trade................................... 3.1 4.0 3.9 5.0 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.7 4.4

Professional and business services......... 4.8 5.7 5.1 5.6 5.2 5.2 5.5 4.9 4.9

Education and health services3

.............. 3.8 4.6 4.6 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.4 2.6

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 4.1 5.0 4.9 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.5 2.6

Leisure and hospitality........................ 4.5 4.4 4.4 6.1 6.2 6.3 5.7 6.1 6.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 2.5 2.4 2.2 7.0 6.0 7.1 6.3 6.0 7.0

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 4.8 4.7 4.8 5.9 6.3 6.2 5.6 6.2 5.9

Government4...................................... 1.8 2.2 2.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.6

State and local................................. 1.8 2.2 2.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6

1

Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

2

Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

3

Includes educational services, not shown separately.

4

Includes federal government, not shown separately.

p Preliminary
Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects and compiles 

JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm 

establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS 

concepts and methodology is available online at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as federal, state, and local government 

entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Data 

are collected for total employment, job openings, hires, 

quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total 

separations.

Concepts

Industry classification. The industry classifications in 

this release are in accordance with the 2012 version of the 

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

Employment. Employment includes persons on the 

payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period 

that includes the 12th day of the reference month. Fulltime, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, 

and hourly employees are included, as are employees on 

paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners 

of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or 

persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire 

pay period, are not counted as employed. Employees of 

temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, 

outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where they 

are working.

Job openings. Job openings information is collected for 

the last business day of the reference month. A job 

opening requires that: 1) a specific position exists and 

there is work available for that position, 2) work could 

start within 30 days whether or not the employer found a 

suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively 

recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the 

position. Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, 

short-term, and seasonal openings. Active recruiting 

means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a 

position by advertising in newspapers or on the Internet, 

posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or 

using other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, 

demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also 

excluded are jobs with start dates more than 30 days in 

the future, jobs for which employees have been hired but 

have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled by 

employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing 

companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job 

openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job 

openings by the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires. The hires level is the total number of additions to 

the payroll occurring at any time during the reference 

month, including both new and rehired employees, fulltime and part-time, permanent, short-term and seasonal 

employees, employees recalled to the location after a 

layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent 

employees who returned to work after having been 

formally separated, and transfers from other locations. 

The hires count does not include transfers or promotions 

within the reporting site, employees returning from strike, 

employees of temporary help agencies or employee 

leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. 

The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of 

hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by 

100.

Separations. The separations level is the total number of 

employment terminations occurring at any time during the 

reference month, and is reported by type of separation—

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. 

(Some respondents are only able to report total 

separations.) The quits count includes voluntary 

separations by employees (except for retirements, which 

are reported as other separations). The layoffs and 

discharges count is comprised of involuntary separations 

initiated by the employer and includes layoffs with no 

intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last 

more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 

downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for 

cause; terminations of permanent or short-term 

employees; and terminations of seasonal employees. The 

other separations count includes retirements, transfers to 

other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. 

The separations count does not include transfers within 

the same location or employees on strike. The separations 

rate is computed by dividing the number of separations by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The 

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates 

are computed similarly.

Annual estimates. Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs 

and discharges, other separations, and total separations 

are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. Annual 

rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the 

Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual average 

employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

This figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 

12 monthly rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual 

estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted 

data and are released with the January news release each 

year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job openings 

because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, 

measurement for the last business day of each month.
Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 

16,000 nonfarm business and government establishments. 

The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry 

sector, and establishment size class. The establishments 

are drawn from a universe of over 9.1 million 

establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of 

Employment and Wages (QCEW) program which

includes all employers subject to state unemployment 

insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the 

Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees

program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or 

ratio adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment 

estimates of the CES survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS 

employment is used to adjust the levels for all other 

JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only 

be as current as its sampling frame. The time lag from the 

birth of an establishment until its appearance on the 

sampling frame is approximately one year. In addition, 

many of these new units may fail within the first year. 

Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the 

sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot 

capture job openings, hires, and separations from these 

units during their early existence. To compensate for the 

inability to capture data from these establishments, BLS 

has developed a birth/death model that uses birth and 

death activity from previous years. The estimates of job 

openings, hires, and separations produced by the 

birth/death model are added to the sample-based estimates 

produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for 

openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several 

JOLTS series utilizing moving averages as seasonal 

filters. A concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is 

used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are 

calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and 

including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at 

the beginning and end of the series and to detect and 

adjust for outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be 

used to derive a measure of net employment change. This 

change should be comparable to the net employment 

change from the much larger CES survey. However, 

definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors between the two surveys historically 

caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit 

the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

Monthly Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the 

seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend 

(hires minus separations) forcing them to be 

approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality 

of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally 

adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied 

employment change and the CES net employment change 

is calculated. Next, the JOLTS implied employment 

change is adjusted to equal the CES net employment 

change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure 

adjusts the two components (hires, separations) 

proportionally to their contribution to the total churn 

(hires plus separations). The adjusted hires and 

separations are converted back to not seasonally adjusted 

data by reversing the application of the original seasonal 

factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been 

used to adjust the level estimates, rate estimates are 

computed from the adjusted levels. 

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and 

nonsampling error. When a sample is surveyed rather than 

the entire population, there is a chance that the sample 

estimates may differ from the "true" population values 

they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, 

varies depending on the particular sample selected, and 

this variability is measured by the standard error of the 

estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate 

based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 

standard errors from the "true" population value because 

of sampling error. Sampling error estimates are available

at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by non-sampling 

error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, 

including the failure to include a segment of the 

population, the inability to obtain data from all units in 

the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents 

to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by 

respondents, errors made in the collection or processing 

of the data, and errors from the employment benchmark 

data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

Oct.

2014

June

2015

July

2015

Aug.

2015

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Oct.

2014

June

2015

July

2015

Aug.

2015

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Total nonfarm.................................... 4,849 5,323 5,668 5,377 5,534 5,383 3.4 3.6 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private4

.................................. 4,440 4,859 5,139 4,880 5,041 4,887 3.6 3.9 4.1 3.9 4.0 3.9

Construction................................ 139 137 140 136 119 126 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.9

Manufacturing.............................. 283 310 339 333 315 297 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.4

Durable goods........................... 180 190 197 215 199 179 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.2

Nondurable goods....................... 103 120 142 117 116 118 2.2 2.6 3.0 2.5 2.5 2.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . . . .. 873 945 1,009 973 1,019 1,030 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.7

Retail trade............................... 500 543 632 607 654 632 3.1 3.3 3.9 3.7 4.0 3.9

Professional and business services. . . .. 964 1,209 1,177 1,039 1,204 1,067 4.8 5.8 5.6 5.0 5.7 5.1

Education and health services6

.......... 854 1,002 1,050 996 1,077 1,069 3.8 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.6 4.6

Health care and social assistance. . .. 769 910 946 905 988 977 4.1 4.7 4.8 4.6 5.0 4.9

Leisure and hospitality.................... 698 701 776 735 696 709 4.5 4.4 4.9 4.6 4.4 4.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 54 77 59 46 53 48 2.5 3.5 2.7 2.1 2.4 2.2

Accommodation and food services. .. 644 624 716 689 643 661 4.8 4.6 5.2 5.0 4.7 4.8

Government7.................................. 409 463 529 497 493 496 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.2

State and local............................. 355 395 455 425 429 425 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2

REGION8

Northeast...................................... 757 788 919 837 890 891 2.8 2.9 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.2

South........................................... 1,876 2,070 2,211 2,103 2,129 2,055 3.6 3.9 4.1 3.9 4.0 3.8

Midwest........................................ 1,065 1,240 1,248 1,213 1,246 1,300 3.3 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.9

West............................................ 1,150 1,224 1,289 1,223 1,269 1,137 3.5 3.7 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.4

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

4

Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5

Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6

Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7

Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

Oct.

2014

June

2015

July

2015

Aug.

2015

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Oct.

2014

June

2015

July

2015

Aug.

2015

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Total nonfarm.................................... 5,106 5,182 5,065 5,081 5,080 5,137 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private4

.................................. 4,802 4,854 4,709 4,737 4,750 4,790 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.0

Construction................................ 322 325 300 332 317 322 5.2 5.1 4.7 5.2 4.9 5.0

Manufacturing.............................. 286 271 265 267 282 265 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.2

Durable goods........................... 174 158 161 166 176 150 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.3 1.9

Nondurable goods....................... 112 113 104 102 106 116 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . . . .. 1,129 1,146 1,122 1,081 1,059 1,063 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.0 3.9 3.9

Retail trade............................... 779 786 778 759 734 748 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.7

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,085 1,054 1,003 986 1,036 1,039 5.6 5.3 5.1 5.0 5.2 5.2

Education and health services6

.......... 601 585 589 589 603 619 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8

Health care and social assistance. . .. 518 499 507 511 525 543 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.9

Leisure and hospitality.................... 903 923 927 998 951 970 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.6 6.2 6.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 149 136 120 138 131 155 7.0 6.3 5.6 6.4 6.0 7.1

Accommodation and food services. .. 754 787 808 860 820 815 5.9 6.1 6.2 6.6 6.3 6.2

Government7.................................. 303 328 356 344 330 347 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6

State and local............................. 275 292 312 308 297 309 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6

REGION8

Northeast...................................... 765 766 791 847 807 842 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.0 3.2

South........................................... 2,020 2,089 2,053 2,016 2,047 1,929 4.0 4.1 4.0 3.9 4.0 3.7

Midwest........................................ 1,150 1,158 1,078 1,082 1,120 1,152 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6

West............................................ 1,170 1,168 1,142 1,137 1,107 1,214 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.8

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

4

Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5

Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6

Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7

Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

Oct.

2014

June

2015

July

2015

Aug.

2015

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Oct.

2014

June

2015

July

2015

Aug.

2015

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Total nonfarm.................................... 4,906 4,906 4,796 4,886 4,886 4,863 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4

INDUSTRY

Total private4

.................................. 4,586 4,596 4,454 4,566 4,569 4,506 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.7

Construction................................ 303 333 270 310 311 289 4.9 5.2 4.2 4.9 4.9 4.5

Manufacturing.............................. 258 266 254 276 275 270 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2

Durable goods........................... 148 160 168 172 170 148 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 1.9

Nondurable goods....................... 110 105 85 104 105 122 2.5 2.3 1.9 2.3 2.3 2.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . . . .. 1,060 1,077 1,050 1,054 1,033 975 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.6

Retail trade............................... 735 746 738 761 734 696 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.7 4.4

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,064 991 962 928 971 971 5.5 5.0 4.9 4.7 4.9 4.9

Education and health services6

.......... 587 533 542 540 537 579 2.7 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.6

Health care and social assistance. . .. 502 450 463 456 463 491 2.8 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.6

Leisure and hospitality.................... 841 882 882 967 937 926 5.7 5.8 5.8 6.4 6.1 6.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 133 136 103 144 132 153 6.3 6.3 4.8 6.7 6.0 7.0

Accommodation and food services. .. 708 746 779 823 805 774 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.3 6.2 5.9

Government7.................................. 320 310 343 319 317 357 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.6

State and local............................. 285 276 300 285 283 317 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6

REGION8

Northeast...................................... 786 727 693 814 792 761 3.0 2.7 2.6 3.1 3.0 2.9

South........................................... 1,957 1,877 1,928 1,918 1,938 1,915 3.9 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.7

Midwest........................................ 1,079 1,145 1,118 1,075 1,060 1,081 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.4

West............................................ 1,083 1,157 1,058 1,078 1,095 1,106 3.4 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.4

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

4

Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5

Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6

Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7

Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

Oct.

2014

June

2015

July

2015

Aug.

2015

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Oct.

2014

June

2015

July

2015

Aug.

2015

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Total nonfarm.................................... 2,746 2,738 2,737 2,771 2,727 2,779 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9

INDUSTRY

Total private4

.................................. 2,591 2,576 2,578 2,618 2,582 2,616 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.2

Construction................................ 105 107 109 106 121 90 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.4

Manufacturing.............................. 126 138 129 143 148 149 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2

Durable goods........................... 77 81 82 80 89 74 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0

Nondurable goods....................... 49 57 47 63 58 75 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . . . .. 615 618 604 609 620 612 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3

Retail trade............................... 449 462 427 450 450 445 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.9 2.9 2.8

Professional and business services. . . .. 537 510 493 516 487 508 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.6

Education and health services6

.......... 360 347 363 363 343 370 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.7

Health care and social assistance. . .. 311 306 311 321 305 328 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.7

Leisure and hospitality.................... 563 585 615 638 613 618 3.8 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 54 52 54 68 55 58 2.5 2.4 2.5 3.2 2.5 2.7

Accommodation and food services. .. 510 533 561 569 557 560 4.0 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.3

Government7.................................. 155 161 159 153 144 163 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

State and local............................. 143 150 146 141 132 151 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8

REGION8

Northeast...................................... 374 370 397 397 392 377 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4

South........................................... 1,180 1,129 1,185 1,198 1,126 1,136 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2

Midwest........................................ 566 616 622 593 618 646 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0

West............................................ 627 622 534 584 590 620 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

4

Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5

Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6

Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7

Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

Oct.

2014

June

2015

July

2015

Aug.

2015

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Oct.

2014

June

2015

July

2015

Aug.

2015

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Total nonfarm.................................... 1,745 1,779 1,646 1,725 1,786 1,670 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2

INDUSTRY

Total private4

.................................. 1,656 1,686 1,535 1,616 1,686 1,552 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3

Construction................................ – – – – – – – – – – – –

Manufacturing.............................. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Durable goods........................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Nondurable goods....................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . . . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Retail trade............................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Professional and business services. . . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Education and health services6

.......... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Health care and social assistance. . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Leisure and hospitality.................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Accommodation and food services. .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Government7.................................. 89 93 110 109 100 118 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

State and local............................. – – – – – – – – – – – –

REGION8

Northeast...................................... 335 280 222 353 326 305 1.3 1.1 0.8 1.3 1.2 1.1

South........................................... 605 599 583 569 660 615 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.2

Midwest........................................ 438 456 402 404 380 355 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1

West............................................ 367 445 439 399 421 396 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.2

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

4

Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5

Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6

Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7

Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

- Data not available.
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

Oct.

2014

June

2015

July

2015

Aug.

2015

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Oct.

2014

June

2015

July

2015

Aug.

2015

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Total nonfarm.................................... 414 389 413 389 373 414 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private4

.................................. 339 333 340 332 301 338 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3

Construction................................ – – – – – – – – – – – –

Manufacturing.............................. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Durable goods........................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Nondurable goods....................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . . . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Retail trade............................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Professional and business services. . . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Education and health services6

.......... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Health care and social assistance. . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Leisure and hospitality.................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Accommodation and food services. .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Government7.................................. 75 56 73 57 73 76 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local............................. – – – – – – – – – – – –

REGION8

Northeast...................................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

South........................................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Midwest........................................ – – – – – – – – – – – –

West............................................ – – – – – – – – – – – –

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

4

Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5

Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6

Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7

Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

- Data not available.
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Oct.

2014

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Oct.

2014

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Total nonfarm.......................................................... 5,098 5,499 5,604 3.5 3.7 3.8

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,696 5,031 5,137 3.8 4.0 4.1

Mining and logging............................................... 35 16 18 3.7 2.0 2.1

Construction....................................................... 147 108 128 2.2 1.6 1.9

Manufacturing..................................................... 288 319 299 2.3 2.5 2.4

Durable goods.................................................. 177 199 171 2.2 2.5 2.1

Nondurable goods............................................. 111 120 129 2.4 2.6 2.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 924 1,097 1,104 3.4 3.9 3.9

Wholesale trade................................................ 167 163 187 2.8 2.7 3.0

Retail trade..................................................... 559 743 700 3.5 4.6 4.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 197 191 217 3.6 3.4 3.9

Information........................................................ 91 114 111 3.2 3.9 3.8

Financial activities................................................ 361 299 303 4.3 3.5 3.6

Finance and insurance........................................ 290 261 235 4.6 4.1 3.7

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 71 38 69 3.3 1.8 3.2

Professional and business services............................ 1,047 1,155 1,131 5.1 5.5 5.3

Education and health services.................................. 904 1,065 1,135 4.0 4.6 4.8

Educational services.......................................... 90 85 96 2.5 2.4 2.6

Health care and social assistance........................... 814 980 1,039 4.3 5.0 5.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 714 677 721 4.6 4.2 4.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 55 46 49 2.6 2.0 2.3

Accommodation and food services.......................... 658 631 672 4.9 4.6 4.9

Other services.................................................... 185 181 186 3.2 3.1 3.2

Government.......................................................... 402 469 467 1.8 2.1 2.0

Federal............................................................. 54 59 69 1.9 2.1 2.5

State and local.................................................... 348 409 399 1.7 2.1 2.0

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 803 905 938 3.0 3.3 3.4

South................................................................. 1,950 2,075 2,125 3.7 3.9 3.9

Midwest............................................................... 1,090 1,251 1,323 3.3 3.8 3.9

West.................................................................. 1,255 1,268 1,218 3.8 3.8 3.6

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Oct.

2014

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Oct.

2014

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Total nonfarm.......................................................... 5,413 5,232 5,438 3.8 3.7 3.8

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 5,133 4,839 5,117 4.3 4.0 4.2

Mining and logging............................................... 31 23 32 3.4 2.9 4.0

Construction....................................................... 322 306 324 5.0 4.6 4.9

Manufacturing..................................................... 290 290 272 2.4 2.3 2.2

Durable goods.................................................. 171 176 147 2.2 2.3 1.9

Nondurable goods............................................. 119 114 125 2.6 2.5 2.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,368 1,053 1,277 5.1 3.9 4.7

Wholesale trade................................................ 165 141 135 2.8 2.4 2.3

Retail trade..................................................... 979 718 938 6.3 4.6 5.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 224 193 204 4.2 3.6 3.8

Information........................................................ 90 77 93 3.3 2.8 3.3

Financial activities................................................ 193 181 223 2.4 2.2 2.7

Finance and insurance........................................ 129 111 151 2.2 1.8 2.5

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 64 71 72 3.1 3.3 3.4

Professional and business services............................ 1,157 1,010 1,116 5.9 5.1 5.6

Education and health services.................................. 641 692 667 2.9 3.1 3.0

Educational services.......................................... 84 137 77 2.3 4.0 2.1

Health care and social assistance........................... 557 554 590 3.1 3.0 3.1

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 860 982 926 5.8 6.4 6.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 115 124 123 5.5 5.5 5.7

Accommodation and food services.......................... 745 858 803 5.9 6.5 6.1

Other services.................................................... 182 225 186 3.3 4.0 3.3

Government.......................................................... 280 393 321 1.3 1.8 1.4

Federal............................................................. 28 31 36 1.0 1.1 1.3

State and local.................................................... 252 362 285 1.3 1.9 1.5

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 792 915 865 3.0 3.4 3.2

South................................................................. 2,154 2,015 2,033 4.2 3.9 3.9

Midwest............................................................... 1,192 1,125 1,197 3.8 3.5 3.7

West.................................................................. 1,275 1,177 1,344 4.0 3.7 4.1

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Oct.

2014

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Oct.

2014

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Total nonfarm.......................................................... 5,037 5,289 5,008 3.6 3.7 3.5

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,780 4,928 4,707 4.0 4.1 3.9

Mining and logging............................................... 32 37 36 3.5 4.5 4.4

Construction....................................................... 340 314 317 5.3 4.7 4.8

Manufacturing..................................................... 276 301 291 2.2 2.4 2.4

Durable goods.................................................. 154 181 154 2.0 2.3 2.0

Nondurable goods............................................. 122 120 137 2.7 2.6 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,073 1,025 967 4.0 3.8 3.6

Wholesale trade................................................ 178 133 135 3.0 2.2 2.3

Retail trade..................................................... 711 724 664 4.6 4.6 4.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 184 168 168 3.5 3.1 3.1

Information........................................................ 84 81 82 3.0 2.9 2.9

Financial activities................................................ 182 181 203 2.3 2.2 2.5

Finance and insurance........................................ 120 110 134 2.0 1.8 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 62 70 68 3.0 3.3 3.3

Professional and business services............................ 1,090 986 1,002 5.6 4.9 5.0

Education and health services.................................. 540 568 542 2.5 2.6 2.4

Educational services.......................................... 59 79 59 1.7 2.3 1.6

Health care and social assistance........................... 481 489 482 2.6 2.6 2.6

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 978 1,193 1,076 6.6 7.7 7.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 172 246 203 8.2 11.0 9.5

Accommodation and food services.......................... 806 947 873 6.3 7.2 6.7

Other services.................................................... 186 244 192 3.3 4.3 3.4

Government.......................................................... 258 361 301 1.2 1.6 1.3

Federal............................................................. 36 37 44 1.3 1.4 1.6

State and local.................................................... 221 324 257 1.1 1.7 1.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 822 977 797 3.1 3.7 3.0

South................................................................. 1,977 1,981 1,954 3.9 3.8 3.7

Midwest............................................................... 1,106 1,162 1,090 3.5 3.6 3.4

West.................................................................. 1,132 1,168 1,165 3.6 3.6 3.6

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. .

p Preliminary
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Oct.

2014

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Oct.

2014

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Total nonfarm.......................................................... 2,818 2,938 2,873 2.0 2.1 2.0

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 2,685 2,785 2,732 2.3 2.3 2.3

Mining and logging............................................... 18 18 16 1.9 2.2 2.0

Construction....................................................... 120 135 96 1.9 2.0 1.4

Manufacturing..................................................... 130 164 154 1.1 1.3 1.2

Durable goods.................................................. 81 94 78 1.0 1.2 1.0

Nondurable goods............................................. 49 70 75 1.1 1.5 1.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 644 667 636 2.4 2.5 2.3

Wholesale trade................................................ 94 91 81 1.6 1.5 1.4

Retail trade..................................................... 459 485 453 3.0 3.1 2.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 91 90 102 1.7 1.7 1.9

Information........................................................ 52 44 47 1.9 1.6 1.7

Financial activities................................................ 113 99 119 1.4 1.2 1.5

Finance and insurance........................................ 74 63 74 1.2 1.0 1.2

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 39 36 45 1.9 1.7 2.1

Professional and business services............................ 553 480 538 2.8 2.4 2.7

Education and health services.................................. 351 364 369 1.6 1.6 1.6

Educational services.......................................... 41 47 35 1.1 1.4 1.0

Health care and social assistance........................... 310 317 335 1.7 1.7 1.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 606 702 671 4.1 4.5 4.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 54 73 61 2.6 3.3 2.9

Accommodation and food services.......................... 552 628 610 4.3 4.8 4.6

Other services.................................................... 98 113 86 1.8 2.0 1.5

Government.......................................................... 133 152 141 0.6 0.7 0.6

Federal............................................................. 12 13 13 0.4 0.5 0.5

State and local.................................................... 121 139 128 0.6 0.7 0.7

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 387 477 388 1.5 1.8 1.4

South................................................................. 1,181 1,156 1,151 2.3 2.2 2.2

Midwest............................................................... 592 680 674 1.9 2.1 2.1

West.................................................................. 658 624 661 2.1 1.9 2.0

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Oct.

2014

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Oct.

2014

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Total nonfarm.......................................................... 1,846 1,995 1,757 1.3 1.4 1.2

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 1,770 1,850 1,651 1.5 1.5 1.4

Mining and logging............................................... 12 16 18 1.3 1.9 2.2

Construction....................................................... 197 170 209 3.1 2.6 3.1

Manufacturing..................................................... 118 120 116 1.0 1.0 0.9

Durable goods.................................................. 56 75 62 0.7 1.0 0.8

Nondurable goods............................................. 61 45 55 1.4 1.0 1.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 308 251 241 1.2 0.9 0.9

Wholesale trade................................................ 55 25 43 0.9 0.4 0.7

Retail trade..................................................... 176 165 149 1.1 1.1 0.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 76 60 48 1.4 1.1 0.9

Information........................................................ 27 27 23 1.0 1.0 0.8

Financial activities................................................ 49 65 47 0.6 0.8 0.6

Finance and insurance........................................ 37 36 29 0.6 0.6 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 13 29 17 0.6 1.4 0.8

Professional and business services............................ 489 454 401 2.5 2.3 2.0

Education and health services.................................. 156 157 127 0.7 0.7 0.6

Educational services.......................................... 15 25 19 0.4 0.7 0.5

Health care and social assistance........................... 141 132 107 0.8 0.7 0.6

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 340 465 377 2.3 3.0 2.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 115 169 137 5.5 7.6 6.4

Accommodation and food services.......................... 225 296 240 1.8 2.2 1.8

Other services.................................................... 73 126 92 1.3 2.2 1.6

Government.......................................................... 76 145 107 0.3 0.7 0.5

Federal............................................................. 14 9 15 0.5 0.3 0.5

State and local.................................................... 62 136 92 0.3 0.7 0.5

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 362 421 336 1.4 1.6 1.3

South................................................................. 639 683 648 1.2 1.3 1.2

Midwest............................................................... 451 424 350 1.4 1.3 1.1

West.................................................................. 395 466 423 1.2 1.4 1.3

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Oct.

2014

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Oct.

2014

Sept.

2015

Oct.

2015p

Total nonfarm.......................................................... 373 356 377 0.3 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 325 293 324 0.3 0.2 0.3

Mining and logging............................................... 2 3 2 0.2 0.4 0.2

Construction....................................................... 23 9 12 0.4 0.1 0.2

Manufacturing..................................................... 29 17 21 0.2 0.1 0.2

Durable goods.................................................. 17 12 14 0.2 0.1 0.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 12 6 7 0.3 0.1 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 121 107 90 0.5 0.4 0.3

Wholesale trade................................................ 29 16 10 0.5 0.3 0.2

Retail trade..................................................... 75 73 61 0.5 0.5 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 17 17 18 0.3 0.3 0.3

Information........................................................ 4 11 11 0.2 0.4 0.4

Financial activities................................................ 20 17 37 0.2 0.2 0.5

Finance and insurance........................................ 9 12 31 0.2 0.2 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 11 4 6 0.5 0.2 0.3

Professional and business services............................ 48 52 63 0.2 0.3 0.3

Education and health services.................................. 34 47 46 0.2 0.2 0.2

Educational services.......................................... 4 7 5 0.1 0.2 0.1

Health care and social assistance........................... 30 40 40 0.2 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 31 26 29 0.2 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 2 3 5 0.1 0.1 0.3

Accommodation and food services.......................... 29 23 23 0.2 0.2 0.2

Other services.................................................... 14 5 15 0.3 0.1 0.3

Government.......................................................... 48 63 53 0.2 0.3 0.2

Federal............................................................. 10 15 16 0.4 0.5 0.6

State and local.................................................... 38 48 37 0.2 0.3 0.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 72 78 74 0.3 0.3 0.3

South................................................................. 158 142 156 0.3 0.3 0.3

Midwest............................................................... 64 58 66 0.2 0.2 0.2

West.................................................................. 80 78 82 0.2 0.2 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.