Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-16-1593 

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, August 5, 2016

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — JULY 2016 

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 255,000 in July, and the unemployment rate was 

unchanged at 4.9 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Job gains occurred in 

professional and business services, health care, and financial activities. Employment in mining 

continued to trend down. 

Household Survey Data 

The unemployment rate held at 4.9 percent in July, and the number of unemployed persons was 

essentially unchanged at 7.8 million. Both measures have shown little movement, on net, since August 

of last year. (See table A-1.) 

Among the major worker groups, unemployment rates in July were little changed for adult men (4.6 

percent), adult women (4.3 percent), teenagers (15.6 percent), Whites, (4.3 percent), Blacks (8.4 

percent), Asians (3.8 percent), and Hispanics (5.4 percent). (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month 

change, seasonally adjusted, July 2014 – July 2016

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

Jul-14 Oct-14 Jan-15 Apr-15 Jul-15 Oct-15 Jan-16 Apr-16 Jul-16

Thousands Percent

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

Jul-14 Oct-14 Jan -15 Ap r-15 Jul-15 Oct-15 Jan -16 Ap r-16 Jul-16

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

July 2014 – July 2016
-2-

In July, the number of persons unemployed less than 5 weeks decreased by 258,000. At 2.0 million, the 

number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was about unchanged over the 

month and accounted for 26.6 percent of the unemployed. (See table A-12.) 

Both the labor force participation rate, at 62.8 percent, and the employment-population ratio, at 59.7 

percent, changed little in July. (See table A-1.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as 

involuntary part-time workers) was little changed at 5.9 million in July. These individuals, who would 

have preferred full-time employment, were working part time because their hours had been cut back or 

because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.) 

In July, 2.0 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, about unchanged from a year 

earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and 

were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not 

counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. 

(See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 591,000 discouraged workers in July, little different from a 

year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently 

looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.4 million persons 

marginally attached to the labor force in July had not searched for work for reasons such as school 

attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 255,000 in July. Job gains occurred in professional and 

business services, health care, and financial activities. Mining employment continued to trend down. 

(See table B-1.) 

Professional and business services added 70,000 jobs in July and has added 550,000 jobs over the past 

12 months. Within the industry, employment rose by 37,000 in professional and technical services in 

July, led by computer systems design and related services (+8,000) and architectural and engineering 

services (+7,000). Employment in management and technical consulting services continued to trend up 

(+6,000). 

In July, health care employment increased by 43,000, with gains in ambulatory health care services 

(+19,000), hospitals (+17,000), and nursing and residential care facilities (+7,000). Over the past 12 

months, health care has added 477,000 jobs. 

Employment in financial activities rose by 18,000 in July and has risen by 162,000 over the year. 

Employment in leisure and hospitality continued to trend up in July (+45,000). Employment in food 

services and drinking places changed little in July (+21,000); this industry has added an average of 

18,000 jobs per month thus far this year, compared with an average monthly gain of 30,000 in 2015. 

Government employment edged up in July (+38,000). 
-3-

Employment in mining continued to trend down over the month (-6,000). Since reaching a peak in 

September 2014, employment in this industry has fallen by 220,000, or 26 percent. 

Employment in other major industries, including construction, manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail 

trade, and information, showed little or no change over the month. 

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 hour to 34.5 

hours in July. In manufacturing, the workweek was unchanged at 40.7 hours, while overtime increased 

by 0.1 hour to 3.3 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on 

private nonfarm payrolls also increased by 0.1 hour to 33.7 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

In July, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 8 cents to 

$25.69. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.6 percent. Average hourly earnings of 

private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 7 cents to $21.59 in July. (See 

tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for May was revised from +11,000 to +24,000, and the 

change for June was revised from +287,000 to +292,000. With these revisions, employment gains in 

May and June combined were 18,000 more than previously reported. Over the past 3 months, job gains 

have averaged 190,000 per month. 

_____________ 

The Employment Situation for August is scheduled to be released on Friday, September 2, 2016, at 

8:30 a.m. (EDT). 

2016 CES Preliminary Benchmark Revision will be released on September 7, 2016 

Each year, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey estimates are benchmarked to 

comprehensive counts of employment from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages 

(QCEW) for the month of March. These counts are derived from state unemployment insurance 

(UI) tax records that nearly all employers are required to file. On September 7, 2016, at 10:00 

a.m. (EDT), the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) will release the preliminary estimate of the 

annual benchmark revision to the establishment survey employment series. This is the same 

day the first-quarter 2016 data from the QCEW will be issued. Preliminary benchmark 

revisions for all major industry sectors, as well as total nonfarm and total private levels, will be 

available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesprelbmk.htm. 

The final benchmark revision will be issued with the publication of the January 2017 

Employment Situation news release in February. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category July

2015

May

2016

June

2016

July

2016

Change from:

June 2016-

July 2016

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population........................................... 250,876 253,174 253,397 253,620 223

Civilian labor force........................................................... 157,115 158,466 158,880 159,287 407

Participation rate.......................................................... 62.6 62.6 62.7 62.8 0.1

Employed................................................................... 148,866 151,030 151,097 151,517 420

Employment-population ratio.......................................... 59.3 59.7 59.6 59.7 0.1

Unemployed............................................................... 8,249 7,436 7,783 7,770 -13

Unemployment rate.................................................... 5.3 4.7 4.9 4.9 0.0

Not in labor force............................................................ 93,761 94,708 94,517 94,333 -184

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over...................................................... 5.3 4.7 4.9 4.9 0.0

Adult men (20 years and over)............................................ 4.8 4.3 4.5 4.6 0.1

Adult women (20 years and over)......................................... 4.9 4.2 4.5 4.3 -0.2

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................ 16.3 16.0 16.0 15.6 -0.4

White.......................................................................... 4.6 4.1 4.4 4.3 -0.1

Black or African American.................................................. 9.1 8.2 8.6 8.4 -0.2

Asian.......................................................................... 4.0 4.1 3.5 3.8 0.3

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................. 6.8 5.6 5.8 5.4 -0.4

Total, 25 years and over...................................................... 4.3 3.8 4.0 4.0 0.0

Less than a high school diploma.......................................... 8.2 7.1 7.5 6.3 -1.2

High school graduates, no college........................................ 5.5 5.1 5.0 5.0 0.0

Some college or associate degree........................................ 4.4 3.9 4.2 4.3 0.1

Bachelor’s degree and higher.............................................. 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.5 0.0

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs.................. 4,116 3,573 3,776 3,739 -37

Job leavers...................................................................... 844 796 828 824 -4

Reentrants....................................................................... 2,441 2,209 2,268 2,298 30

New entrants.................................................................... 827 865 902 826 -76

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks............................................................. 2,471 2,207 2,418 2,160 -258

5 to 14 weeks................................................................... 2,249 2,239 2,140 2,266 126

15 to 26 weeks................................................................. 1,182 1,173 1,129 1,150 21

27 weeks and over............................................................. 2,190 1,885 1,979 2,020 41

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons.............................................. 6,300 6,430 5,843 5,940 97

Slack work or business conditions........................................ 3,791 3,890 3,443 3,642 199

Could only find part-time work............................................. 2,212 2,086 2,062 1,981 -81

Part time for noneconomic reasons.......................................... 19,863 20,606 20,505 20,717 212

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force....................................... 1,927 1,713 1,779 1,950 –

Discouraged workers........................................................ 668 538 502 591 –

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will

not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 24 292 255

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 -1 259 217

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 -45 5 16

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -8 -10 -7 -7

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 -18 -3 14

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 -17 15 9

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -3 -20 0 11

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 1.2 1.8 6.7

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3 15 -2

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 44 254 201

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 -6.0 0.6 1.7

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.1 0.1 25.7 14.7

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.3 4.5 -6.7 11.7

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 -2.0 2.5 0.7

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 -41 42 0

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 16 15 18

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 32 53 70

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -9.3 -14.7 21.7 17.0

Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 46 58 36

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.0 41.0 54.1 48.8

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 3 52 45

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 -8 12 3

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 25 33 38

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 118 153 190

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 104 135 158

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.4 49.6 49.6 49.6

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.9 48.2 48.2 48.2

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.4 82.3 82.4 82.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.6 34.4 34.4 34.5

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $25.03 $25.59 $25.61 $25.69

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $866.04 $880.30 $880.98 $886.31

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.2 105.2 105.4 105.9

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.5

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124.7 128.6 129.0 130.0

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.8

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private (262 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.5 46.9 61.8 63.7

Manufacturing (79 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.0 39.9 51.3 54.4

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the

service-providing industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate

hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal

balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of 

employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series 

has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household 

survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 

100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically 

significant change in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a 

more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers 

whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private 

household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also 

provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences 

between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf. 

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, 

it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does 

not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which 

identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the 

foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The 

Employment Situation news release. 

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax 

records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more 

information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments 

with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the 

reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and 

industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 

 
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net 

employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an 

econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based 

on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census 

of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this 

purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There 

is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and 

availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment 

insurance benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons 

who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the 

unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There 

is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently 

looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, 

including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged 

workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include 

discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each 

month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these 

alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? 

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the 

month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than 

on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including 

pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates 

typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some 

employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, 

while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll 

employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates, 

employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees 

who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll 

employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit 

www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th 

of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as 

employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the 

number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure 

of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 

Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page, 

please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household 

survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES; 

establishment survey). The household survey provides 

information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked 

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 

eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for 

the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm 

payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of 

nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the 

CES program surveys about 146,000 businesses and 

government agencies, representing approximately 623,000 

individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry 

data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on 

nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately 

one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that contains 

the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the 

reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which 

may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime 

during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. 

Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be 

looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The 

unemployment data derived from the household survey in no 

way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of 

unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as 

employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The 

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent 

of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the 

labor force as a percent of the population, and 

the employment-population ratio is the employed as a 

percent of the population. Additional information 

about the household survey can be found at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted 

in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced 

for the private sector for all employees and for production 

and nonsupervisory employees. Production and

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging, 

construction workers in construction, and non-supervisory 

employees in private service-providing industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an 

establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 

2012 version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous 

conceptual and methodological differences between the 

household and establishment surveys result in important 

distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the 

surveys. Among these are: 

 The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, self-employed workers whose businesses 

are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and 

private household workers among the employed. 

These groups are excluded from the establishment 

survey. 

 The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not. 

 The household survey is limited to workers 16 years 

of age and older. The establishment survey is not 

limited by age. 

 The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance. 
Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and 

the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal 

developments, such as declines in employment or increases 

in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to 

spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number 

of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to 

obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to 

May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic 

activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment 

survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 

20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with 

the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying 

employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal 

employment changes at the end and beginning of the school 

year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make 

underlying employment patterns more discernable. The 

seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with 

which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic 

activity. 

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such 

as total payroll employment, employment in most major 

sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed 

by aggregating independently adjusted component series. 

For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the 

adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this 

differs from the unemployment estimate that would be 

obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the 

duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. 

When a sample, rather than the entire population, is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. The 

component of this difference that occurs because samples 

differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its 

variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. 

There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value 

because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment 

survey is on the order of plus or minus 115,000. Suppose the 

estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from 

one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on 

the monthly change would range from -65,000 to +165,000 

(50,000 +/- 115,000). These figures do not mean that the 

sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that 

there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range 

includes values of less than zero, we could not say with 

confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased 

that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment 

rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent 

confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, 

it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm 

employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an 

unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent 

confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment 

as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000, 

and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is 

about +/- 0.2 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such 

as for quarterly and annual averages. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all respondents 

in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to 

provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made 

by respondents, and errors made in the collection or 

processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for 

the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; 

for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the 

tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly 

estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, 

that the estimate is considered final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 

account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from sample-based 
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains 

from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample 

units going out of business, but imputing to them the same 

employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This 

procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death 

employment. 

The second component is an ARIMA time series model 

designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment 

not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time 

series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived 

from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level 

database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and 

deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy 

for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate 

changes in the classification of industries. Over the past 

decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm 

employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from 

-0.7 percent to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

July

2015

June

2016

July

2016

July

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016

July

2016

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250,876 253,397 253,620 250,876 252,768 252,969 253,174 253,397 253,620

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158,527 160,135 160,705 157,115 159,286 158,924 158,466 158,880 159,287

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.2 63.2 63.4 62.6 63.0 62.8 62.6 62.7 62.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149,722 151,990 152,437 148,866 151,320 151,004 151,030 151,097 151,517

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.7 60.0 60.1 59.3 59.9 59.7 59.7 59.6 59.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,805 8,144 8,267 8,249 7,966 7,920 7,436 7,783 7,770

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6 5.1 5.1 5.3 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92,349 93,262 92,916 93,761 93,482 94,044 94,708 94,517 94,333

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,446 6,101 6,244 6,104 5,712 5,793 5,923 5,692 5,886

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121,139 122,427 122,539 121,139 122,112 122,213 122,316 122,427 122,539

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,831 85,790 86,130 83,557 84,765 84,641 84,332 84,766 84,826

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.0 70.1 70.3 69.0 69.4 69.3 68.9 69.2 69.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,436 81,514 81,823 79,183 80,543 80,419 80,369 80,596 80,548

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.4 66.6 66.8 65.4 66.0 65.8 65.7 65.8 65.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,394 4,275 4,308 4,375 4,222 4,222 3,963 4,169 4,278

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 5.0 5.0 5.2 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.9 5.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,309 36,638 36,409 37,582 37,347 37,572 37,984 37,662 37,713

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,714 113,951 114,058 112,714 113,653 113,746 113,844 113,951 114,058

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,320 82,209 82,393 80,752 81,815 81,748 81,407 81,788 81,834

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.1 72.1 72.2 71.6 72.0 71.9 71.5 71.8 71.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77,541 78,673 78,695 76,871 78,096 77,999 77,917 78,127 78,048

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.8 69.0 69.0 68.2 68.7 68.6 68.4 68.6 68.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,779 3,536 3,698 3,880 3,719 3,749 3,490 3,661 3,786

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.8 4.5 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,395 31,742 31,665 31,963 31,838 31,998 32,437 32,163 32,224

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129,737 130,969 131,081 129,737 130,656 130,756 130,858 130,969 131,081

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,696 74,345 74,574 73,558 74,520 74,284 74,134 74,115 74,461

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.8 56.8 56.9 56.7 57.0 56.8 56.7 56.6 56.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,286 70,476 70,615 69,683 70,777 70,586 70,661 70,501 70,969

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.4 53.8 53.9 53.7 54.2 54.0 54.0 53.8 54.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,410 3,869 3,960 3,875 3,743 3,698 3,473 3,614 3,492

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,041 56,625 56,507 56,179 56,135 56,472 56,725 56,855 56,620

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121,551 122,728 122,835 121,551 122,433 122,524 122,622 122,728 122,835

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,339 71,057 71,092 70,783 71,610 71,302 71,218 71,303 71,572

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.9 57.9 57.9 58.2 58.5 58.2 58.1 58.1 58.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,485 67,769 67,702 67,323 68,293 68,072 68,209 68,107 68,508

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.7 55.2 55.1 55.4 55.8 55.6 55.6 55.5 55.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,854 3,288 3,389 3,460 3,317 3,230 3,009 3,196 3,065

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 4.6 4.8 4.9 4.6 4.5 4.2 4.5 4.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,212 51,671 51,743 50,769 50,823 51,223 51,404 51,425 51,262

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,611 16,718 16,728 16,611 16,682 16,699 16,708 16,718 16,728

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,868 6,868 7,220 5,581 5,860 5,875 5,841 5,789 5,881

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.3 41.1 43.2 33.6 35.1 35.2 35.0 34.6 35.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,696 5,548 6,040 4,672 4,931 4,934 4,904 4,864 4,961

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 33.2 36.1 28.1 29.6 29.5 29.4 29.1 29.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,172 1,320 1,179 909 929 941 937 926 920

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.1 19.2 16.3 16.3 15.9 16.0 16.0 16.0 15.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,743 9,849 9,508 11,030 10,822 10,824 10,867 10,928 10,847

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

July

2015

June

2016

July

2016

July

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016

July

2016

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196,904 198,132 198,253 196,904 197,809 197,906 198,013 198,132 198,253

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124,667 125,448 125,849 123,576 125,018 124,749 124,299 124,551 124,793

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.3 63.3 63.5 62.8 63.2 63.0 62.8 62.9 62.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,603 119,783 120,140 117,876 119,674 119,369 119,222 119,133 119,426

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.2 60.5 60.6 59.9 60.5 60.3 60.2 60.1 60.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,064 5,665 5,709 5,700 5,345 5,380 5,077 5,418 5,367

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.4 4.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,237 72,684 72,404 73,328 72,791 73,157 73,714 73,581 73,460

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,207 65,419 65,659 64,770 65,296 65,178 64,932 65,112 65,232

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.5 72.3 72.5 72.1 72.3 72.1 71.8 71.9 72.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62,550 62,925 63,059 62,022 62,739 62,600 62,498 62,526 62,556

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.6 69.5 69.6 69.0 69.4 69.2 69.1 69.1 69.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,657 2,494 2,601 2,748 2,557 2,578 2,434 2,586 2,676

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 3.8 4.0 4.2 3.9 4.0 3.7 4.0 4.1

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,032 54,622 54,510 54,393 55,142 54,984 54,754 54,869 54,948

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.1 57.3 57.2 57.4 58.0 57.8 57.5 57.6 57.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,403 52,353 52,239 52,059 52,992 52,798 52,775 52,682 52,913

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.3 55.0 54.8 55.0 55.7 55.5 55.4 55.3 55.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,628 2,269 2,271 2,334 2,149 2,185 1,979 2,187 2,035

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 4.2 4.2 4.3 3.9 4.0 3.6 4.0 3.7

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,428 5,407 5,680 4,413 4,580 4,587 4,612 4,570 4,613

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.1 43.8 46.0 35.8 37.1 37.2 37.4 37.0 37.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,649 4,505 4,843 3,795 3,942 3,970 3,949 3,925 3,957

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.8 36.5 39.2 30.8 32.0 32.2 32.0 31.8 32.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 779 902 837 618 638 617 664 645 656

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.4 16.7 14.7 14.0 13.9 13.4 14.4 14.1 14.2

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,399 31,866 31,904 31,399 31,753 31,792 31,828 31,866 31,904

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,537 19,707 19,753 19,295 19,513 19,413 19,410 19,532 19,522

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.2 61.8 61.9 61.5 61.5 61.1 61.0 61.3 61.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,649 17,974 18,004 17,541 17,759 17,700 17,822 17,854 17,885

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.2 56.4 56.4 55.9 55.9 55.7 56.0 56.0 56.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,887 1,733 1,750 1,754 1,754 1,713 1,588 1,678 1,637

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7 8.8 8.9 9.1 9.0 8.8 8.2 8.6 8.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,862 12,159 12,151 12,104 12,240 12,379 12,417 12,334 12,382

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,791 9,089 9,067 8,727 8,881 9,013 8,889 9,000 8,994

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.4 68.5 68.3 66.9 67.2 68.1 67.1 67.8 67.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,023 8,370 8,326 7,961 8,112 8,155 8,218 8,262 8,254

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.5 63.1 62.7 61.1 61.4 61.6 62.0 62.3 62.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 769 719 741 765 768 858 671 738 740

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 7.9 8.2 8.8 8.7 9.5 7.6 8.2 8.2

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,866 9,775 9,822 9,869 9,868 9,667 9,801 9,799 9,831

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.2 60.8 61.0 62.2 61.5 60.2 61.0 60.9 61.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,020 9,082 9,058 9,079 9,076 9,003 9,079 9,088 9,114

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.8 56.4 56.2 57.2 56.6 56.1 56.5 56.5 56.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 846 693 764 790 792 665 722 711 717

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6 7.1 7.8 8.0 8.0 6.9 7.4 7.3 7.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 879 843 864 700 764 732 720 733 697

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.3 33.6 34.4 28.1 30.5 29.2 28.7 29.2 27.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 607 522 620 501 571 542 525 504 518

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.4 20.8 24.7 20.1 22.8 21.6 20.9 20.1 20.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273 321 244 199 193 190 195 228 179

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.0 38.1 28.3 28.5 25.3 26.0 27.1 31.2 25.7

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

July

2015

June

2016

July

2016

July

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016

July

2016

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,540 15,032 15,211 14,540 14,911 14,853 14,938 15,032 15,211

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,181 9,584 9,736 9,111 9,411 9,448 9,413 9,504 9,651

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.1 63.8 64.0 62.7 63.1 63.6 63.0 63.2 63.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,795 9,226 9,341 8,749 9,038 9,090 9,027 9,172 9,281

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.5 61.4 61.4 60.2 60.6 61.2 60.4 61.0 61.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387 358 395 361 373 357 386 332 369

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 3.7 4.1 4.0 4.0 3.8 4.1 3.5 3.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,359 5,448 5,475 5,429 5,500 5,406 5,525 5,529 5,560

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are

introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

July

2015

June

2016

July

2016

July

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016

July

2016

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population................ 39,648 40,646 40,732 39,648 40,386 40,474 40,558 40,646 40,732

Civilian labor force................................ 26,334 26,853 26,981 26,142 26,782 26,595 26,510 26,675 26,785

Participation rate............................... 66.4 66.1 66.2 65.9 66.3 65.7 65.4 65.6 65.8

Employed....................................... 24,478 25,251 25,463 24,372 25,289 24,960 25,032 25,136 25,347

Employment-population ratio............... 61.7 62.1 62.5 61.5 62.6 61.7 61.7 61.8 62.2

Unemployed.................................... 1,856 1,602 1,518 1,770 1,493 1,636 1,478 1,539 1,438

Unemployment rate......................... 7.0 6.0 5.6 6.8 5.6 6.1 5.6 5.8 5.4

Not in labor force................................. 13,314 13,793 13,752 13,506 13,604 13,878 14,048 13,971 13,947

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 14,511 14,783 14,900 14,458 14,799 14,685 14,598 14,751 14,842

Participation rate............................... 81.2 80.7 81.2 80.9 81.3 80.5 79.8 80.5 80.8

Employed....................................... 13,694 14,145 14,242 13,595 14,085 13,949 13,956 14,095 14,141

Employment-population ratio............... 76.6 77.2 77.6 76.1 77.4 76.5 76.3 76.9 77.0

Unemployed.................................... 817 638 658 862 714 736 642 656 701

Unemployment rate......................... 5.6 4.3 4.4 6.0 4.8 5.0 4.4 4.4 4.7

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 10,518 10,762 10,747 10,573 10,814 10,744 10,667 10,750 10,797

Participation rate............................... 58.2 58.0 57.8 58.5 58.7 58.2 57.6 58.0 58.1

Employed....................................... 9,751 10,079 10,136 9,850 10,218 10,041 10,058 10,067 10,226

Employment-population ratio............... 54.0 54.3 54.5 54.5 55.5 54.4 54.3 54.3 55.0

Unemployed.................................... 766 684 611 722 596 703 609 683 571

Unemployment rate......................... 7.3 6.4 5.7 6.8 5.5 6.5 5.7 6.4 5.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................ 1,305 1,307 1,334 1,112 1,168 1,166 1,244 1,175 1,146

Participation rate............................... 35.2 34.6 35.3 30.0 31.1 31.0 33.0 31.1 30.3

Employed....................................... 1,033 1,027 1,085 927 986 969 1,017 974 980

Employment-population ratio............... 27.9 27.2 28.7 25.0 26.3 25.8 27.0 25.8 25.9

Unemployed.................................... 272 280 249 185 182 196 227 201 166

Unemployment rate......................... 20.9 21.4 18.7 16.7 15.6 16.8 18.3 17.1 14.5

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2015

June

2016

July

2016

July

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016

July

2016

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................. 10,622 10,684 10,409 10,830 10,777 10,777 10,464 10,522 10,638

Participation rate.................................. 45.3 45.9 46.0 46.2 46.2 46.1 44.5 45.2 47.0

Employed.......................................... 9,750 9,954 9,756 9,945 9,978 9,966 9,720 9,734 9,969

Employment-population ratio................. 41.6 42.8 43.1 42.4 42.8 42.7 41.3 41.9 44.0

Unemployed....................................... 872 730 653 884 799 812 744 787 669

Unemployment rate............................ 8.2 6.8 6.3 8.2 7.4 7.5 7.1 7.5 6.3

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................. 35,088 35,068 35,495 35,156 35,615 35,501 35,536 35,260 35,547

Participation rate.................................. 57.0 56.9 57.0 57.1 57.4 57.2 57.1 57.2 57.1

Employed.......................................... 33,149 33,393 33,698 33,222 33,688 33,567 33,728 33,480 33,758

Employment-population ratio................. 53.9 54.2 54.1 54.0 54.3 54.1 54.2 54.3 54.2

Unemployed....................................... 1,939 1,675 1,798 1,934 1,927 1,934 1,808 1,780 1,789

Unemployment rate............................ 5.5 4.8 5.1 5.5 5.4 5.4 5.1 5.0 5.0

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................. 37,731 37,883 37,977 37,463 37,958 37,757 37,829 37,804 37,791

Participation rate.................................. 66.2 66.1 66.5 65.7 66.3 65.9 66.2 66.0 66.2

Employed.......................................... 36,044 36,349 36,319 35,820 36,396 36,204 36,364 36,231 36,182

Employment-population ratio................. 63.2 63.4 63.6 62.9 63.6 63.2 63.7 63.2 63.4

Unemployed....................................... 1,688 1,534 1,658 1,643 1,562 1,553 1,465 1,573 1,609

Unemployment rate............................ 4.5 4.0 4.4 4.4 4.1 4.1 3.9 4.2 4.3

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................. 51,924 53,744 53,720 52,376 53,447 53,316 53,398 54,102 54,100

Participation rate.................................. 73.9 73.9 73.4 74.5 74.5 74.3 74.3 74.4 74.0

Employed.......................................... 50,446 52,328 52,209 51,041 52,051 52,025 52,113 52,723 52,741

Employment-population ratio................. 71.8 71.9 71.4 72.6 72.6 72.5 72.5 72.5 72.1

Unemployed....................................... 1,477 1,417 1,511 1,335 1,396 1,291 1,285 1,378 1,359

Unemployment rate............................ 2.8 2.6 2.8 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2

Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

July

2015

July

2016

July

2015

July

2016

July

2015

July

2016

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,199 20,883 19,201 18,868 1,998 2,015

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,670 10,621 9,494 9,407 1,176 1,213

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.3 50.9 49.4 49.9 58.9 60.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,169 10,121 9,052 8,992 1,117 1,129

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.0 48.5 47.1 47.7 55.9 56.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501 499 442 415 59 84

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.4 5.0 6.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,529 10,262 9,707 9,461 822 802

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,590 3,892 2,970 3,173 620 719

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,839 3,207 2,432 2,690 407 517

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.1 82.4 81.9 84.8 65.6 72.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,649 3,019 2,271 2,535 378 484

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.8 77.6 76.5 79.9 61.0 67.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 188 161 155 29 33

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 5.9 6.6 5.8 7.0 6.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 751 685 538 483 213 202

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,454 3,366 2,908 2,886 546 480

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,771 2,668 2,366 2,336 405 332

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.2 79.3 81.4 81.0 74.2 69.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,672 2,543 2,287 2,241 385 303

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.4 75.6 78.6 77.7 70.5 63.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 125 80 96 20 29

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 4.7 3.4 4.1 4.9 8.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 682 697 542 549 141 148

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,886 8,474 8,570 8,170 316 304

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,381 2,121 2,296 2,030 84 91

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.8 25.0 26.8 24.9 26.7 29.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,276 2,037 2,197 1,951 79 86

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.6 24.0 25.6 23.9 25.0 28.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 84 99 79 5 5

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 4.0 4.3 3.9 6.4 5.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,505 6,353 6,274 6,140 232 213

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,269 5,151 4,753 4,639 516 512

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,679 2,624 2,400 2,351 280 274

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.9 50.9 50.5 50.7 54.2 53.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,572 2,522 2,297 2,266 274 256

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.8 49.0 48.3 48.8 53.2 50.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 102 102 85 5 17

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 3.9 4.3 3.6 1.9 6.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,590 2,527 2,353 2,288 236 238

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220,867 223,769 97,413 99,175 123,454 124,594

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145,268 147,286 74,010 75,343 71,257 71,944

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.8 65.8 76.0 76.0 57.7 57.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137,481 140,007 70,321 71,665 67,160 68,342

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.2 62.6 72.2 72.3 54.4 54.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,787 7,280 3,690 3,678 4,098 3,602

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 4.9 5.0 4.9 5.8 5.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,599 76,483 23,402 23,832 52,197 52,651

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the

U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August

1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service

periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the

selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

July

2015

July

2016

July

2015

July

2016

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population...................................................... 29,773 30,214 221,103 223,406

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 5,890 6,150 152,637 154,555

Participation rate..................................................................... 19.8 20.4 69.0 69.2

Employed............................................................................. 5,277 5,467 144,445 146,970

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 17.7 18.1 65.3 65.8

Unemployed.......................................................................... 613 682 8,192 7,585

Unemployment rate............................................................... 10.4 11.1 5.4 4.9

Not in labor force....................................................................... 23,884 24,064 68,466 68,851

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,521 2,836 77,404 78,023

Participation rate..................................................................... 33.4 35.7 83.4 83.8

Employed............................................................................. 2,265 2,534 73,405 74,231

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 30.0 31.9 79.0 79.7

Unemployed.......................................................................... 256 302 4,000 3,792

Unemployment rate............................................................... 10.2 10.7 5.2 4.9

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,020 5,103 15,456 15,115

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,255 2,216 67,621 68,250

Participation rate..................................................................... 28.0 28.1 70.5 70.7

Employed............................................................................. 1,970 1,910 63,700 64,822

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 24.5 24.3 66.4 67.1

Unemployed.......................................................................... 285 306 3,921 3,428

Unemployment rate............................................................... 12.7 13.8 5.8 5.0

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,790 5,656 28,281 28,335

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 1,114 1,098 7,612 8,282

Participation rate..................................................................... 7.8 7.6 23.5 24.6

Employed............................................................................. 1,043 1,023 7,340 7,917

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 7.4 7.1 22.7 23.5

Unemployed.......................................................................... 71 75 272 365

Unemployment rate............................................................... 6.4 6.8 3.6 4.4

Not in labor force....................................................................... 13,074 13,306 24,729 25,402

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty

seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or

emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as

visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

July

2015

July

2016

July

2015

July

2016

July

2015

July

2016

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 40,135 41,311 19,501 19,979 20,634 21,332

Civilian labor force.................................................. 26,079 27,132 15,345 15,779 10,734 11,353

Participation rate.................................................. 65.0 65.7 78.7 79.0 52.0 53.2

Employed.......................................................... 24,710 25,984 14,682 15,204 10,028 10,779

Employment-population ratio................................. 61.6 62.9 75.3 76.1 48.6 50.5

Unemployed....................................................... 1,369 1,149 663 575 706 574

Unemployment rate............................................ 5.2 4.2 4.3 3.6 6.6 5.1

Not in labor force.................................................... 14,056 14,178 4,156 4,200 9,900 9,979

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 210,742 212,310 101,638 102,561 109,103 109,749

Civilian labor force.................................................. 132,448 133,572 69,486 70,351 62,962 63,221

Participation rate.................................................. 62.8 62.9 68.4 68.6 57.7 57.6

Employed.......................................................... 125,012 126,453 65,754 66,618 59,258 59,835

Employment-population ratio................................. 59.3 59.6 64.7 65.0 54.3 54.5

Unemployed....................................................... 7,436 7,119 3,732 3,733 3,704 3,386

Unemployment rate............................................ 5.6 5.3 5.4 5.3 5.9 5.4

Not in labor force.................................................... 78,293 78,737 32,152 32,209 46,141 46,528

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States

or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born

in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2015

June

2016

July

2016

July

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016

July

2016

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................. 2,601 2,661 2,597 2,369 2,623 2,592 2,585 2,516 2,388

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 1,654 1,748 1,763 1,494 1,643 1,706 1,689 1,651 1,605

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 912 885 809 854 938 856 862 840 766

Unpaid family workers........................... 34 27 25 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries.......................... 147,121 149,329 149,840 146,444 148,704 148,377 148,429 148,640 149,155

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 138,143 140,363 140,983 137,662 139,703 139,411 139,574 139,777 140,468

Government..................................... 19,720 19,821 19,605 20,554 20,548 20,323 20,599 20,186 20,430

Private industries............................... 118,423 120,542 121,378 117,078 119,223 119,136 119,011 119,592 119,988

Private households.......................... 792 790 756 – – – – – –

Other industries.............................. 117,632 119,751 120,621 116,314 118,584 118,390 118,282 118,837 119,250

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 8,879 8,909 8,777 8,722 8,869 8,872 8,816 8,772 8,660

Unpaid family workers........................... 99 58 80 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 6,511 6,119 6,157 6,300 6,123 5,962 6,430 5,843 5,940

Slack work or business conditions............. 3,883 3,567 3,742 3,791 3,631 3,709 3,890 3,443 3,642

Could only find part-time work.................. 2,263 2,144 1,990 2,212 2,154 2,009 2,086 2,062 1,981

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 18,273 19,659 19,088 19,863 20,428 20,469 20,606 20,505 20,717

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 6,414 6,023 6,071 6,200 6,032 5,874 6,372 5,745 5,846

Slack work or business conditions............. 3,813 3,507 3,676 3,711 3,575 3,651 3,828 3,377 3,566

Could only find part-time work.................. 2,249 2,128 1,979 2,197 2,138 1,995 2,076 2,052 1,965

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 17,895 19,261 18,697 19,495 20,084 20,114 20,224 20,101 20,337

1

Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for

the entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business

conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or

training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to

34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2015

June

2016

July

2016

July

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016

July

2016

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149,722 151,990 152,437 148,866 151,320 151,004 151,030 151,097 151,517

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,696 5,548 6,040 4,672 4,931 4,934 4,904 4,864 4,961

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,073 2,095 2,309 1,632 1,688 1,692 1,732 1,839 1,811

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,624 3,453 3,731 3,049 3,252 3,239 3,193 3,032 3,149

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144,026 146,442 146,397 144,194 146,389 146,070 146,126 146,234 146,556

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,637 14,419 14,416 14,041 14,171 14,016 14,090 14,023 13,865

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129,389 132,023 131,981 130,154 132,116 131,998 131,965 132,251 132,756

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96,107 97,748 97,628 96,502 97,932 97,648 97,765 97,793 98,042

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,518 33,686 33,694 32,662 33,493 33,390 33,518 33,662 33,812

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,089 31,490 31,453 31,265 31,555 31,445 31,578 31,543 31,627

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,499 32,573 32,481 32,575 32,883 32,813 32,669 32,588 32,602

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,282 34,275 34,353 33,652 34,184 34,350 34,200 34,459 34,714

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,436 81,514 81,823 79,183 80,543 80,419 80,369 80,596 80,548

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,896 2,841 3,128 2,311 2,447 2,420 2,452 2,469 2,500

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,063 1,055 1,165 797 770 789 826 906 869

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,832 1,786 1,962 1,512 1,674 1,621 1,630 1,571 1,627

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77,541 78,673 78,695 76,871 78,096 77,999 77,917 78,127 78,048

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,592 7,473 7,511 7,171 7,284 7,274 7,221 7,229 7,120

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,949 71,200 71,184 69,741 70,750 70,710 70,647 70,899 70,987

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,020 52,756 52,623 51,745 52,580 52,388 52,431 52,493 52,395

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,778 18,344 18,285 17,694 18,199 18,060 18,136 18,209 18,197

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,904 17,127 17,101 16,839 17,018 17,017 17,059 17,084 17,048

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,338 17,286 17,237 17,213 17,363 17,312 17,236 17,200 17,149

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,929 18,444 18,561 17,995 18,170 18,321 18,216 18,406 18,592

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,286 70,476 70,615 69,683 70,777 70,586 70,661 70,501 70,969

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,801 2,707 2,912 2,361 2,485 2,514 2,452 2,394 2,461

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,009 1,040 1,143 834 918 903 906 934 942

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,792 1,667 1,769 1,537 1,578 1,618 1,563 1,461 1,522

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,485 67,769 67,702 67,323 68,293 68,072 68,209 68,107 68,508

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,045 6,946 6,905 6,870 6,887 6,742 6,868 6,794 6,745

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,440 60,823 60,797 60,413 61,366 61,288 61,318 61,353 61,768

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,087 44,992 45,005 44,757 45,351 45,259 45,334 45,300 45,646

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,741 15,342 15,409 14,968 15,294 15,330 15,382 15,453 15,614

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,185 14,363 14,352 14,426 14,537 14,427 14,519 14,460 14,579

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,162 15,288 15,244 15,362 15,520 15,502 15,433 15,387 15,453

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,353 15,831 15,792 15,657 16,015 16,028 15,984 16,053 16,122

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,762 45,609 45,447 44,870 45,266 45,207 45,023 45,562 45,532

Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,098 34,827 34,540 34,865 35,387 35,227 35,158 35,171 35,316

Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,799 9,542 9,809 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,142 124,903 125,507 121,641 123,447 123,194 123,135 123,586 123,892

Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,580 27,087 26,930 27,208 27,818 27,797 27,936 27,445 27,595

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,997 7,059 7,190 7,160 7,466 7,411 7,412 7,207 7,361

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.9

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,453 5,586 5,468 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,791 9,794 9,586 9,577 9,807 9,728 9,678 9,612 9,426

1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

July

2015

June

2016

July

2016

July

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016

July

2016

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over........................... 8,249 7,783 7,770 5.3 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.9

16 to 19 years..................................... 909 926 920 16.3 15.9 16.0 16.0 16.0 15.6

16 to 17 years.................................. 342 376 328 17.3 19.2 19.7 18.5 17.0 15.3

18 to 19 years.................................. 572 557 594 15.8 14.0 13.5 14.4 15.5 15.9

20 years and over................................ 7,340 6,857 6,850 4.8 4.6 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.5

20 to 24 years.................................. 1,563 1,331 1,369 10.0 8.4 8.8 8.3 8.7 9.0

25 years and over.............................. 5,793 5,540 5,473 4.3 4.1 4.1 3.8 4.0 4.0

25 to 54 years............................... 4,515 4,233 4,139 4.5 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.1 4.1

25 to 34 years............................. 1,884 1,824 1,789 5.5 5.2 5.2 5.0 5.1 5.0

35 to 44 years............................. 1,340 1,228 1,142 4.1 3.9 4.0 3.5 3.7 3.5

45 to 54 years............................. 1,292 1,181 1,208 3.8 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.6

55 years and over........................... 1,282 1,265 1,326 3.7 3.9 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.7

Men, 16 years and over............................ 4,375 4,169 4,278 5.2 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.9 5.0

16 to 19 years..................................... 494 508 493 17.6 17.0 16.4 16.2 17.1 16.5

16 to 17 years.................................. 183 203 154 18.7 22.8 20.6 19.3 18.3 15.0

18 to 19 years.................................. 313 320 342 17.1 14.3 13.2 14.3 16.9 17.4

20 years and over................................ 3,880 3,661 3,786 4.8 4.5 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.6

20 to 24 years.................................. 864 746 796 10.8 9.1 9.5 8.8 9.4 10.1

25 years and over.............................. 3,010 2,909 2,979 4.1 4.0 4.1 3.8 3.9 4.0

25 to 54 years............................... 2,342 2,190 2,236 4.3 4.1 4.2 3.9 4.0 4.1

25 to 34 years............................. 1,016 983 960 5.4 4.9 5.4 5.1 5.1 5.0

35 to 44 years............................. 667 617 612 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.5

45 to 54 years............................. 659 590 664 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.7

55 years and over........................... 668 719 743 3.6 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.8

Women, 16 years and over........................ 3,875 3,614 3,492 5.3 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.7

16 to 19 years..................................... 415 417 427 14.9 14.6 15.7 15.9 14.8 14.8

16 to 17 years.................................. 159 173 174 16.0 16.0 18.9 17.8 15.6 15.6

18 to 19 years.................................. 259 237 252 14.4 13.6 13.7 14.5 14.0 14.2

20 years and over................................ 3,460 3,196 3,065 4.9 4.6 4.5 4.2 4.5 4.3

20 to 24 years.................................. 699 585 573 9.2 7.6 8.1 7.7 7.9 7.8

25 years and over.............................. 2,783 2,631 2,494 4.4 4.3 4.1 3.8 4.1 3.9

25 to 54 years............................... 2,173 2,043 1,903 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.1 4.3 4.0

25 to 34 years............................. 868 841 829 5.5 5.4 5.0 5.0 5.2 5.0

35 to 44 years............................. 673 610 530 4.5 4.2 4.4 3.6 4.1 3.5

45 to 54 years............................. 632 591 543 4.0 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.4

55 years and over........................... 583 561 562 3.6 3.8 3.6 3.2 3.4 3.4

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present...................... 1,291 1,233 1,219 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.6

Married women, spouse present.................. 1,168 1,181 1,106 3.2 3.1 3.1 2.9 3.2 3.0

Women who maintain families1

.................... 855 749 765 8.0 6.8 6.7 6.6 7.3 7.2

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2................................... 6,819 6,339 6,342 5.3 5.1 5.1 4.7 4.9 4.9

Part-time workers3.................................. 1,458 1,425 1,434 5.1 4.8 4.5 4.5 4.9 4.9

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time

jobs.

3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from

part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2015

June

2016

July

2016

July

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016

July

2016

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 4,204 3,677 3,869 4,116 3,835 3,855 3,573 3,776 3,739

On temporary layoff.............................. 1,140 1,124 1,165 989 921 841 829 1,097 997

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 3,063 2,552 2,704 3,127 2,914 3,014 2,744 2,679 2,743

Permanent job losers.......................... 2,182 1,848 2,014 2,220 2,068 2,058 1,982 1,917 2,021

Persons who completed temporary jobs. . .. 881 704 690 907 845 957 762 763 722

Job leavers........................................... 875 797 865 844 833 851 796 828 824

Reentrants............................................ 2,604 2,392 2,429 2,441 2,495 2,357 2,209 2,268 2,298

New entrants......................................... 1,122 1,278 1,104 827 778 839 865 902 826

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 47.7 45.1 46.8 50.0 48.3 48.8 48.0 48.6 48.6

On temporary layoff.............................. 13.0 13.8 14.1 12.0 11.6 10.6 11.1 14.1 13.0

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 34.8 31.3 32.7 38.0 36.7 38.2 36.9 34.5 35.7

Job leavers........................................... 9.9 9.8 10.5 10.3 10.5 10.8 10.7 10.7 10.7

Reentrants............................................ 29.6 29.4 29.4 29.7 31.4 29.8 29.7 29.2 29.9

New entrants......................................... 12.7 15.7 13.4 10.0 9.8 10.6 11.6 11.6 10.7

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 2.7 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.3

Job leavers........................................... 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Reentrants............................................ 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4

New entrants......................................... 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2015

June

2016

July

2016

July

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016

July

2016

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 2,870 3,206 2,476 2,471 2,412 2,545 2,207 2,418 2,160

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 2,690 1,969 2,731 2,249 2,205 2,131 2,239 2,140 2,266

15 weeks and over.................................. 3,245 2,970 3,060 3,372 3,391 3,367 3,058 3,108 3,170

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 1,049 1,066 1,033 1,182 1,178 1,304 1,173 1,129 1,150

27 weeks and over............................... 2,196 1,904 2,027 2,190 2,213 2,063 1,885 1,979 2,020

Average (mean) duration, in weeks............... 26.5 25.7 26.3 28.3 28.4 27.7 26.7 27.7 28.1

Median duration, in weeks......................... 9.4 8.3 9.6 11.4 11.4 11.4 10.7 10.3 11.6

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 32.6 39.4 30.0 30.5 30.1 31.6 29.4 31.5 28.4

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 30.5 24.2 33.0 27.8 27.5 26.5 29.8 27.9 29.8

15 weeks and over.................................. 36.9 36.5 37.0 41.7 42.4 41.9 40.8 40.5 41.7

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 11.9 13.1 12.5 14.6 14.7 16.2 15.6 14.7 15.1

27 weeks and over............................... 24.9 23.4 24.5 27.1 27.6 25.7 25.1 25.8 26.6

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

July

2015

July

2016

July

2015

July

2016

July

2015

July

2016

Total, 16 years and over1............................................. 149,722 152,437 8,805 8,267 5.6 5.1

Management, professional, and related occupations........... 57,392 58,434 1,807 1,782 3.1 3.0

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations..................................................... 24,522 24,755 566 609 2.3 2.4

Professional and related occupations.......................... 32,870 33,678 1,240 1,174 3.6 3.4

Service occupations................................................ 26,843 28,293 1,932 1,626 6.7 5.4

Sales and office occupations...................................... 33,366 33,766 1,848 1,691 5.2 4.8

Sales and related occupations.................................. 15,677 16,031 966 828 5.8 4.9

Office and administrative support occupations............... 17,689 17,734 882 863 4.8 4.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations........................................................ 14,294 14,467 816 769 5.4 5.0

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.................... 1,155 1,221 76 99 6.2 7.5

Construction and extraction occupations...................... 7,970 8,354 536 463 6.3 5.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations........... 5,169 4,892 204 207 3.8 4.1

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations........................................................ 17,827 17,477 1,248 1,265 6.5 6.8

Production occupations.......................................... 8,647 8,235 567 517 6.2 5.9

Transportation and material moving occupations............ 9,180 9,242 681 749 6.9 7.5

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

July

2015

July

2016

July

2015

July

2016

Total, 16 years and over1................................................................ 8,805 8,267 5.6 5.1

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers.................................. 6,382 5,789 5.1 4.6

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.................................... 79 77 8.1 9.3

Construction.......................................................................... 474 410 5.5 4.5

Manufacturing........................................................................ 690 669 4.3 4.3

Durable goods..................................................................... 408 461 4.0 4.6

Nondurable goods................................................................ 282 208 4.8 3.6

Wholesale and retail trade......................................................... 1,183 1,048 5.8 5.2

Transportation and utilities......................................................... 317 313 5.1 4.9

Information............................................................................ 115 149 4.1 5.7

Financial activities................................................................... 221 237 2.3 2.4

Professional and business services............................................... 860 803 5.4 4.7

Education and health services..................................................... 978 889 4.3 3.7

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 1,140 889 7.7 6.0

Other services........................................................................ 327 306 4.9 4.4

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers......................... 85 100 5.0 5.5

Government workers................................................................... 872 905 4.2 4.4

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............ 343 370 3.3 3.7

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2015

June

2016

July

2016

July

2015

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016

July

2016

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,

as a percent of the civilian labor force......... 2.0 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.0

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force......................................... 2.7 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.3

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate)................................................ 5.6 5.1 5.1 5.3 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.9

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged

workers, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus discouraged workers................. 6.0 5.4 5.5 5.7 5.3 5.3 5.0 5.2 5.2

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged

workers, plus all other persons marginally

attached to the labor force, as a percent of

the civilian labor force plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . .. 6.7 6.1 6.3 6.4 6.0 6.0 5.7 6.0 6.0

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic

reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus all persons marginally attached to

the labor force..................................... 10.7 9.9 10.1 10.4 9.8 9.7 9.7 9.6 9.7

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and

are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have

given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are

available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

July

2015

July

2016

July

2015

July

2016

July

2015

July

2016

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force........................................... 92,349 92,916 36,309 36,409 56,041 56,507

Persons who currently want a job................................ 6,446 6,244 2,860 2,905 3,586 3,339

Marginally attached to the labor force1

........................ 1,927 1,950 1,017 1,071 911 879

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 668 591 377 358 291 233

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. .. 1,259 1,359 639 713 620 646

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4

............................................. 6,997 7,190 3,602 3,520 3,395 3,670

Percent of total employed.......................................... 4.7 4.7 4.5 4.3 4.9 5.2

Primary job full time, secondary job part time................... 3,798 3,842 2,198 2,103 1,600 1,739

Primary and secondary jobs both part time..................... 1,902 1,964 665 677 1,237 1,287

Primary and secondary jobs both full time....................... 247 306 167 166 80 139

Hours vary on primary or secondary job......................... 982 1,000 537 538 446 462

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference

week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks

schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and

transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4

Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

Change

from:

June2016

-

July2016p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141,774 144,555 145,215 144,185 142,001 143,901 144,193 144,448 255

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121,014 122,099 123,177 123,262 119,979 121,796 122,055 122,272 217

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,935 19,640 19,909 19,982 19,585 19,618 19,623 19,639 16

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 825 689 689 691 812 696 689 682 -7

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.8 48.6 50.7 51.8 52.3 50.0 50.4 49.9 -0.5

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 771.5 640.0 638.6 639.2 760.0 645.7 638.2 632.1 -6.1

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194.2 173.7 173.7 172.7 192.5 174.4 172.1 170.1 -2.0

Mining, except oil and gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204.1 183.6 184.9 184.0 197.6 181.2 180.5 179.4 -1.1

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.6 53.7 52.9 52.3 65.2 54.0 52.9 52.3 -0.6

Metal ore mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.7 38.0 38.7 38.4 41.2 38.0 38.1 37.9 -0.2

Nonmetallic mineral mining and

quarrying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.8 91.9 93.3 93.3 91.2 89.2 89.6 89.2 -0.4

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373.2 282.7 280.0 282.5 369.9 290.1 285.6 282.6 -3.0

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,703 6,698 6,846 6,912 6,437 6,641 6,638 6,652 14

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,462.2 1,459.8 1,491.9 1,507.0 1,415.9 1,461.2 1,459.0 1,461.8 2.8

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 713.3 722.7 738.6 745.5 690.5 721.2 719.7 719.9 0.2

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 748.9 737.1 753.3 761.5 725.4 740.0 739.3 741.9 2.6

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . 992.4 960.4 982.2 993.5 935.9 937.9 934.9 936.8 1.9

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,247.9 4,277.8 4,371.7 4,411.6 4,085.3 4,241.4 4,243.9 4,253.3 9.4

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . 1,854.8 1,883.8 1,932.0 1,944.7 1,772.5 1,860.1 1,862.7 1,863.2 0.5

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 2,393.1 2,394.0 2,439.7 2,466.9 2,312.8 2,381.3 2,381.2 2,390.1 8.9

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,407 12,253 12,374 12,379 12,336 12,281 12,296 12,305 9

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,791 7,678 7,733 7,724 7,762 7,686 7,686 7,697 11

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381.7 382.8 388.7 387.1 378.1 381.8 383.7 382.3 -1.4

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405.2 405.3 409.6 411.3 396.6 401.0 400.8 402.0 1.2

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393.7 375.4 375.2 374.8 393.3 376.5 375.4 375.7 0.3

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,466.9 1,427.3 1,432.9 1,429.7 1,460.7 1,429.1 1,427.2 1,425.4 -1.8

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,125.1 1,076.5 1,086.1 1,088.7 1,122.8 1,079.9 1,081.3 1,084.6 3.3

Computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . . 1,058.9 1,041.3 1,045.9 1,042.5 1,052.0 1,042.0 1,039.3 1,036.2 -3.1

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . 162.6 163.1 164.0 165.1 160.9 163.1 162.7 162.9 0.2

Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.5 84.7 85.1 85.1 88.0 84.8 84.6 84.8 0.2

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369.3 363.6 364.4 360.8 368.4 363.9 362.0 359.2 -2.8

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403.6 395.1 397.4 396.9 399.9 395.4 395.2 394.7 -0.5

Miscellaneous computer and electronic

products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.9 34.8 35.0 34.6 34.6 34.8 34.9 34.5 -0.4

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . 387.0 381.4 386.2 385.7 384.8 382.4 383.9 383.5 -0.4

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,591.3 1,604.7 1,616.1 1,612.0 1,600.2 1,608.9 1,607.6 1,619.1 11.5

Motor vehicles and parts2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 899.4 924.7 933.5 926.4 910.8 929.0 930.8 937.5 6.7

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385.4 386.4 390.3 391.2 380.1 386.4 388.3 387.9 -0.4

Miscellaneous durable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 596.0 596.4 602.0 601.0 593.6 597.5 598.9 600.2 1.3

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,616 4,575 4,641 4,655 4,574 4,595 4,610 4,608 -2

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,534.5 1,500.4 1,546.9 1,565.0 1,511.4 1,522.0 1,537.4 1,537.9 0.5

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.2 114.0 114.0 112.8 116.3 113.4 113.1 112.8 -0.3

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.9 117.1 117.4 116.2 117.0 117.2 116.4 115.6 -0.8

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.2 132.3 132.2 127.9 137.0 132.3 131.6 129.1 -2.5

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375.1 371.8 374.1 371.6 372.7 371.8 371.1 369.6 -1.5

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . 447.2 444.1 445.1 443.3 447.2 444.1 443.5 443.2 -0.3

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.9 116.3 117.6 118.1 115.8 115.4 115.5 115.2 -0.3

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 815.6 818.0 823.3 824.7 810.1 819.0 819.2 819.7 0.5

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 692.7 695.8 695.7 694.8 688.1 693.1 691.8 691.3 -0.5

Miscellaneous nondurable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263.1 264.9 274.6 280.6 258.4 266.8 270.4 273.7 3.3

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,079 102,459 103,268 103,280 100,394 102,178 102,432 102,633 201

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,969 27,216 27,369 27,355 26,963 27,292 27,314 27,343 29

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,914.6 5,931.7 5,959.4 5,957.1 5,875.9 5,919.7 5,920.3 5,922.0 1.7

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,951.9 2,949.1 2,965.6 2,965.2 2,933.2 2,946.3 2,948.0 2,948.0 0.0

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,054.6 2,066.9 2,080.0 2,079.6 2,037.4 2,059.9 2,061.5 2,064.8 3.3

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

Change

from:

June2016

-

July2016p

Wholesale trade - Continued

Electronic markets and agents and

brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 908.1 915.7 913.8 912.3 905.3 913.5 910.8 909.2 -1.6

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,679.6 15,853.4 15,959.2 15,979.9 15,670.7 15,919.6 15,945.3 15,960.0 14.7

Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,956.0 1,999.4 2,008.7 2,010.7 1,938.2 1,991.6 1,991.6 1,992.6 1.0

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,248.2 1,285.5 1,291.6 1,292.1 1,243.1 1,284.6 1,285.7 1,285.9 0.2

Other motor vehicle dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155.6 154.5 158.0 159.3 145.2 149.4 149.7 150.3 0.6

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores. . . 552.2 559.4 559.1 559.3 549.9 557.7 556.3 556.4 0.1

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . 466.5 474.2 476.4 478.2 472.9 480.7 482.9 484.0 1.1

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 513.5 515.2 515.4 517.1 527.5 530.4 529.0 529.1 0.1

Building material and garden supply

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,271.0 1,356.1 1,351.2 1,319.7 1,236.1 1,279.7 1,282.5 1,281.6 -0.9

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,098.4 3,094.6 3,139.1 3,141.0 3,073.6 3,099.8 3,106.9 3,108.7 1.8

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,033.4 1,039.6 1,047.8 1,045.9 1,033.2 1,044.7 1,048.9 1,048.7 -0.2

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 919.9 924.6 932.1 937.0 905.0 921.0 921.0 924.1 3.1

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . 1,355.3 1,334.8 1,350.9 1,371.0 1,368.2 1,382.0 1,380.6 1,381.6 1.0

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 609.8 610.6 607.6 612.9 624.8 629.9 630.5 631.9 1.4

General merchandise stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,109.3 3,142.1 3,155.3 3,165.4 3,146.1 3,187.0 3,193.1 3,195.5 2.4

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,301.5 1,274.3 1,281.1 1,291.1 1,331.5 1,311.0 1,313.2 1,313.1 -0.1

Other general merchandise stores. . . . . . . . 1,807.8 1,867.8 1,874.2 1,874.3 1,814.6 1,876.0 1,879.9 1,882.4 2.5

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 839.7 842.3 848.2 851.4 828.6 838.6 842.1 843.2 1.1

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506.8 519.9 526.5 529.6 516.5 534.2 536.2 539.0 2.8

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,810.4 4,868.5 4,883.0 4,847.3 4,857.0 4,890.4 4,883.7 4,895.4 11.7

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461.2 471.1 474.3 474.9 457.2 469.7 470.2 470.3 0.1

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244.2 217.4 217.0 216.3 242.9 217.1 215.8 215.5 -0.3

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.0 62.9 65.0 65.2 64.8 62.5 62.8 62.4 -0.4

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,484.0 1,458.1 1,472.7 1,476.2 1,461.4 1,460.4 1,454.1 1,455.8 1.7

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417.6 494.6 464.2 417.8 478.3 478.1 473.2 477.6 4.4

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.7 48.6 48.2 48.2 49.7 48.6 48.0 47.9 -0.1

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . 41.4 31.6 37.0 40.1 32.3 29.4 29.8 30.6 0.8

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . 654.3 648.1 652.8 652.1 652.2 649.4 649.3 650.4 1.1

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 574.3 588.2 598.4 592.2 602.5 617.5 619.3 621.1 1.8

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 816.7 847.9 853.4 864.3 815.7 857.7 861.2 863.8 2.6

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 564.1 562.6 567.6 570.9 559.7 562.4 564.9 565.6 0.7

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,767 2,740 2,797 2,798 2,756 2,741 2,783 2,783 0

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . 728.4 721.7 725.9 730.9 725.9 725.9 725.5 727.6 2.1

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408.1 417.6 433.4 431.3 400.4 410.7 422.0 421.6 -0.4

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279.1 277.7 277.8 276.3 279.2 278.4 277.2 276.5 -0.7

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 808.9 768.2 797.2 797.4 810.2 769.6 798.3 798.0 -0.3

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298.1 298.5 300.7 297.7 297.7 297.6 299.7 297.4 -2.3

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244.6 256.3 262.2 264.2 242.3 258.4 260.6 262.1 1.5

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,210 8,250 8,338 8,377 8,137 8,266 8,281 8,299 18

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,072.8 6,123.9 6,163.2 6,182.3 6,048.8 6,138.8 6,145.8 6,155.8 10.0

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . 18.1 17.8 18.0 18.2 17.8 18.0 17.9 18.0 0.1

Credit intermediation and related

activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,583.0 2,592.7 2,608.3 2,614.3 2,570.2 2,597.5 2,598.8 2,601.5 2.7

Depository credit intermediation1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,688.2 1,686.3 1,693.7 1,696.6 1,680.1 1,687.4 1,688.0 1,688.1 0.1

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,276.1 1,267.5 1,270.2 1,273.3 1,271.2 1,268.1 1,267.9 1,268.2 0.3

Nondepository credit intermediation. . . . . . . 597.2 601.8 604.7 606.1 593.9 604.7 602.9 604.9 2.0

Activities related to credit intermediation.. . 297.6 304.6 309.9 311.6 296.2 305.4 307.8 308.5 0.7

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . . 915.2 922.7 928.8 936.6 908.5 926.4 927.4 930.2 2.8

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . 2,556.5 2,590.7 2,608.1 2,613.2 2,552.3 2,596.9 2,601.7 2,606.1 4.4

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,136.7 2,126.1 2,175.0 2,194.4 2,087.8 2,126.7 2,135.5 2,142.7 7.2

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,545.1 1,551.5 1,577.8 1,590.9 1,518.2 1,553.3 1,557.9 1,561.6 3.7

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567.3 551.2 573.5 579.6 545.5 550.0 554.2 557.6 3.4

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

Change

from:

June2016

-

July2016p

Real estate and rental and leasing -

Continued

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . 24.3 23.4 23.7 23.9 24.1 23.4 23.4 23.5 0.1

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,837 20,138 20,341 20,357 19,707 20,134 20,187 20,257 70

Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . . 8,651.3 8,820.9 8,885.0 8,938.6 8,649.7 8,879.1 8,898.3 8,935.7 37.4

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,128.0 1,121.3 1,134.7 1,133.7 1,118.9 1,124.2 1,124.1 1,123.9 -0.2

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . 919.1 969.1 960.1 965.7 983.3 1,019.5 1,020.5 1,028.6 8.1

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . 1,437.2 1,434.9 1,455.9 1,467.0 1,416.2 1,435.4 1,439.0 1,445.5 6.5

Specialized design services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.7 142.1 143.7 143.8 135.1 141.5 142.7 143.3 0.6

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,935.6 1,987.5 1,992.5 2,011.1 1,921.1 1,988.7 1,990.9 1,999.1 8.2

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,284.5 1,327.6 1,339.6 1,348.6 1,274.1 1,329.8 1,335.9 1,341.5 5.6

Scientific research and development

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 666.1 670.3 679.9 682.6 659.1 668.9 671.5 673.0 1.5

Advertising and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 488.5 495.7 497.6 501.8 484.7 497.3 496.5 499.9 3.4

Other professional and technical services. . . 656.6 672.4 681.0 684.3 657.2 673.7 677.3 680.7 3.4

Management of companies and enterprises. . . 2,239.7 2,258.3 2,279.2 2,279.8 2,225.7 2,259.9 2,266.7 2,267.4 0.7

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,946.1 9,058.8 9,176.3 9,138.8 8,831.5 8,995.3 9,022.2 9,054.2 32.0

Administrative and support services. . . . . . . . . 8,537.6 8,652.6 8,762.2 8,722.0 8,434.1 8,590.1 8,616.9 8,648.2 31.3

Office administrative services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 470.1 488.5 492.9 494.5 468.7 488.3 490.1 492.8 2.7

Facilities support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142.2 144.0 144.6 144.4 142.5 143.3 144.0 144.8 0.8

Employment services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,533.5 3,559.8 3,603.7 3,563.6 3,535.7 3,567.6 3,585.2 3,601.2 16.0

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,863.7 2,883.6 2,923.0 2,888.3 2,875.5 2,891.4 2,913.1 2,930.1 17.0

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 878.5 900.9 904.3 901.9 891.9 910.5 913.2 916.7 3.5

Travel arrangement and reservation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204.2 205.5 209.2 208.1 202.0 204.0 205.0 204.9 -0.1

Investigation and security services. . . . . . . . 864.4 893.4 895.5 898.4 869.0 895.8 897.4 901.4 4.0

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . 2,136.1 2,137.9 2,186.2 2,186.8 2,015.6 2,059.4 2,062.5 2,064.5 2.0

Other support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308.6 322.6 325.8 324.3 308.8 321.0 319.6 321.7 2.1

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408.5 406.2 414.1 416.8 397.4 405.2 405.3 406.0 0.7

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,750 22,696 22,487 22,367 22,075 22,620 22,678 22,714 36

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,168.0 3,583.5 3,331.8 3,222.7 3,461.6 3,532.2 3,536.6 3,523.0 -13.6

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,582.1 19,112.3 19,155.4 19,144.0 18,613.7 19,087.6 19,141.7 19,190.5 48.8

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,125.7 15,480.4 15,548.9 15,589.1 15,100.5 15,495.0 15,534.2 15,577.4 43.2

Ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . 6,892.0 7,104.6 7,127.8 7,136.0 6,884.3 7,101.7 7,120.4 7,139.3 18.9

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,537.2 2,597.8 2,605.6 2,617.3 2,537.3 2,600.6 2,607.5 2,616.4 8.9

Offices of dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 910.5 935.9 940.0 938.0 908.1 935.7 935.8 937.5 1.7

Offices of other health practitioners. . . . . 818.0 857.0 861.9 860.2 814.1 854.1 858.1 861.2 3.1

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 749.5 774.0 778.1 778.9 748.7 773.0 776.0 778.2 2.2

Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . . 260.2 258.4 257.6 258.5 259.3 258.4 258.3 258.0 -0.3

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,326.8 1,390.5 1,393.2 1,390.0 1,327.8 1,387.9 1,392.0 1,394.7 2.7

Other ambulatory health care

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289.8 291.0 291.4 293.1 289.0 292.0 292.8 293.2 0.4

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,924.3 5,054.5 5,079.6 5,105.7 4,917.5 5,068.0 5,083.8 5,100.9 17.1

Nursing and residential care facilities. . . . . 3,309.4 3,321.3 3,341.5 3,347.4 3,298.7 3,325.3 3,330.0 3,337.2 7.2

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,656.7 1,654.9 1,667.0 1,670.8 1,652.9 1,658.3 1,661.6 1,664.9 3.3

Residential mental health facilities. . . . . . 610.5 613.4 614.6 614.4 606.3 613.7 612.5 612.3 -0.2

Community care facilities for the

elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 877.8 889.9 893.7 895.5 876.7 889.8 891.4 895.0 3.6

Other residential care facilities. . . . . . . . . . 164.4 163.1 166.2 166.7 162.7 163.6 164.4 165.0 0.6

Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,456.4 3,631.9 3,606.5 3,554.9 3,513.2 3,592.6 3,607.5 3,613.1 5.6

Individual and family services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,145.7 2,216.9 2,222.8 2,216.6 2,145.5 2,201.3 2,209.4 2,217.8 8.4

Emergency and other relief services. . . . . . 154.7 156.3 157.1 157.8 154.8 156.3 156.0 156.9 0.9

Vocational rehabilitation services. . . . . . . . . 342.6 335.3 337.4 339.7 333.1 334.9 333.5 332.6 -0.9

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 813.4 923.4 889.2 840.8 879.8 900.2 908.6 905.7 -2.9

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,844 15,716 16,176 16,269 15,125 15,449 15,501 15,546 45

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,499.1 2,302.7 2,535.0 2,602.8 2,162.0 2,217.7 2,242.7 2,260.2 17.5

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . 481.7 492.6 510.2 519.8 454.2 469.0 485.1 495.1 10.0

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

Change

from:

June2016

-

July2016p

Arts, entertainment, and recreation -

Continued

Museums, historical sites, and similar

institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168.0 162.9 173.3 175.7 153.5 157.8 159.4 160.7 1.3

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . 1,849.4 1,647.2 1,851.5 1,907.3 1,554.3 1,590.9 1,598.2 1,604.4 6.2

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . 13,344.4 13,412.9 13,641.3 13,665.7 12,963.4 13,231.2 13,258.3 13,285.6 27.3

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,061.7 1,924.1 2,028.6 2,088.2 1,915.2 1,924.6 1,931.5 1,937.6 6.1

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 11,282.7 11,488.8 11,612.7 11,577.5 11,048.2 11,306.6 11,326.8 11,348.0 21.2

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,702 5,703 5,760 5,757 5,631 5,676 5,688 5,691 3

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,285.2 1,293.1 1,299.8 1,292.7 1,277.3 1,284.0 1,287.0 1,288.6 1.6

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,416.7 1,441.2 1,449.1 1,445.9 1,405.5 1,428.0 1,433.2 1,435.8 2.6

Membership associations and organizations. . . 3,000.3 2,968.8 3,010.6 3,018.0 2,947.7 2,964.2 2,968.0 2,966.4 -1.6

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,760 22,456 22,038 20,923 22,022 22,105 22,138 22,176 38

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,771.0 2,781.0 2,805.0 2,804.0 2,751.0 2,783.0 2,789.0 2,792.0 3.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,177.9 2,173.9 2,195.5 2,198.3 2,156.9 2,174.5 2,180.2 2,182.4 2.2

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593.3 607.1 609.0 605.8 594.3 608.0 608.4 609.1 0.7

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,771.0 5,120.0 4,874.0 4,794.0 5,098.0 5,104.0 5,120.0 5,125.0 5.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,079.8 2,444.1 2,179.7 2,103.4 2,421.6 2,435.4 2,447.5 2,452.6 5.1

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 2,691.3 2,675.6 2,694.7 2,691.0 2,676.0 2,669.0 2,672.8 2,672.2 -0.6

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,218.0 14,555.0 14,359.0 13,325.0 14,173.0 14,218.0 14,229.0 14,259.0 30.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,661.9 8,165.5 7,767.5 6,674.4 7,850.8 7,825.6 7,829.5 7,851.1 21.6

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 6,556.5 6,389.7 6,591.6 6,650.2 6,321.9 6,392.4 6,399.6 6,408.3 8.7

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3

Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 34.6 34.4 34.4 34.5

Goods-producing.................................................................... 40.3 40.3 40.3 40.3

Mining and logging................................................................ 44.0 43.8 42.7 43.2

Construction....................................................................... 39.0 39.1 39.2 39.2

Manufacturing..................................................................... 40.8 40.8 40.7 40.7

Durable goods.................................................................. 41.1 41.2 41.2 41.3

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 40.2 40.0 39.9 39.8

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.4 33.3 33.3 33.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 34.6 34.3 34.4 34.4

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.9 38.8 38.8 38.9

Retail trade...................................................................... 31.4 31.0 31.1 31.1

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 39.0 38.9 38.9 38.9

Utilities........................................................................... 42.6 42.3 42.2 42.4

Information......................................................................... 36.3 36.0 35.9 36.1

Financial activities................................................................ 37.7 37.4 37.5 37.7

Professional and business services............................................ 36.2 36.1 36.1 36.1

Education and health services.................................................. 32.9 32.8 32.9 32.9

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 26.3 26.1 26.1 26.1

Other services..................................................................... 31.9 31.9 32.0 32.0

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.3

Durable goods....................................................................... 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.3

Nondurable goods................................................................... 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.2

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

Total private............................................... $25.03 $25.59 $25.61 $25.69 $866.04 $880.30 $880.98 $886.31

Goods-producing....................................... 26.20 26.92 26.90 26.94 1,055.86 1,084.88 1,084.07 1,085.68

Mining and logging.................................. 31.23 32.11 31.96 31.94 1,374.12 1,406.42 1,364.69 1,379.81

Construction.......................................... 27.39 28.05 28.11 28.20 1,068.21 1,096.76 1,101.91 1,105.44

Manufacturing........................................ 25.24 26.02 25.97 26.00 1,029.79 1,061.62 1,056.98 1,058.20

Durable goods.................................... 26.58 27.31 27.27 27.26 1,092.44 1,125.17 1,123.52 1,125.84

Nondurable goods................................ 22.94 23.80 23.73 23.81 922.19 952.00 946.83 947.64

Private service-providing.............................. 24.76 25.28 25.32 25.40 826.98 841.82 843.16 845.82

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 21.84 22.26 22.35 22.38 755.66 763.52 768.84 769.87

Wholesale trade.................................. 28.70 29.47 29.47 29.65 1,116.43 1,143.44 1,143.44 1,153.39

Retail trade........................................ 17.50 17.81 17.92 17.87 549.50 552.11 557.31 555.76

Transportation and warehousing............... 22.89 23.10 23.31 23.33 892.71 898.59 906.76 907.54

Utilities............................................. 37.19 38.20 38.42 38.50 1,584.29 1,615.86 1,621.32 1,632.40

Information........................................... 34.94 36.52 36.48 36.54 1,268.32 1,314.72 1,309.63 1,319.09

Financial activities................................... 31.51 32.21 32.14 32.47 1,187.93 1,204.65 1,205.25 1,224.12

Professional and business services.............. 30.11 30.74 30.78 30.88 1,089.98 1,109.71 1,111.16 1,114.77

Education and health services..................... 25.29 25.66 25.65 25.70 832.04 841.65 843.89 845.53

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 14.34 14.84 14.86 14.92 377.14 387.32 387.85 389.41

Other services....................................... 22.45 22.81 22.81 22.88 716.16 727.64 729.92 732.16

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

Percent

change

from:

June

2016 -

July

2016p

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

Percent

change

from:

June

2016 -

July

2016p

Total private..................................... 104.2 105.2 105.4 105.9 0.5 124.7 128.6 129.0 130.0 0.8

Goods-producing............................. 89.9 90.1 90.1 90.2 0.1 106.5 109.6 109.5 109.8 0.3

Mining and logging........................ 112.3 95.8 92.4 92.6 0.2 140.8 123.5 118.6 118.7 0.1

Construction................................ 86.5 89.5 89.7 89.9 0.2 103.0 109.1 109.6 110.1 0.5

Manufacturing.............................. 90.5 90.1 90.0 90.1 0.1 106.3 109.1 108.7 108.9 0.2

Durable goods........................... 89.8 89.2 89.2 89.5 0.3 106.0 108.1 108.0 108.4 0.4

Nondurable goods...................... 91.8 91.7 91.8 91.5 -0.3 106.8 110.8 110.5 110.6 0.1

Private service-providing.................... 107.9 109.5 109.7 110.0 0.3 129.8 134.5 135.0 135.7 0.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 101.5 101.8 102.2 102.3 0.1 119.3 122.0 122.9 123.2 0.2

Wholesale trade......................... 99.7 100.2 100.2 100.5 0.3 119.4 123.2 123.3 124.4 0.9

Retail trade.............................. 100.0 100.2 100.7 100.8 0.1 115.6 118.0 119.3 119.1 -0.2

Transportation and warehousing...... 108.4 108.9 108.7 109.0 0.3 125.9 127.6 128.6 129.0 0.3

Utilities.................................... 103.2 102.9 103.1 103.8 0.7 126.8 129.9 130.9 132.0 0.8

Information................................. 91.4 90.1 91.2 91.8 0.7 113.7 117.2 118.5 119.4 0.8

Financial activities......................... 100.5 101.2 101.7 102.5 0.8 123.5 127.2 127.5 129.8 1.8

Professional and business services..... 112.2 114.3 114.6 115.0 0.3 136.9 142.4 142.9 143.9 0.7

Education and health services........... 118.6 121.1 121.8 122.0 0.2 144.2 149.5 150.3 150.8 0.3

Leisure and hospitality.................... 113.5 115.0 115.4 115.8 0.3 131.3 137.7 138.4 139.4 0.7

Other services............................. 103.6 104.4 104.9 105.0 0.1 127.4 130.5 131.2 131.7 0.4

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

Total nonfarm............................................. 70,115 71,330 71,518 71,699 49.4 49.6 49.6 49.6

Total private............................................ 57,505 58,662 58,819 58,958 47.9 48.2 48.2 48.2

Goods-producing.................................... 4,299 4,290 4,301 4,301 22.0 21.9 21.9 21.9

Mining and logging............................... 113 102 101 100 13.9 14.7 14.7 14.7

Construction....................................... 818 829 829 829 12.7 12.5 12.5 12.5

Manufacturing..................................... 3,368 3,359 3,371 3,372 27.3 27.4 27.4 27.4

Durable goods.................................. 1,806 1,799 1,800 1,801 23.3 23.4 23.4 23.4

Nondurable goods............................. 1,562 1,560 1,571 1,571 34.1 33.9 34.1 34.1

Private service-providing........................... 53,206 54,372 54,518 54,657 53.0 53.2 53.2 53.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............. 10,907 11,110 11,130 11,155 40.5 40.7 40.7 40.8

Wholesale trade................................ 1,729.9 1,749.1 1,748.7 1,750.7 29.4 29.5 29.5 29.6

Retail trade..................................... 7,898.2 8,043.2 8,059.8 8,073.0 50.4 50.5 50.5 50.6

Transportation and warehousing............. 1,145.2 1,184.4 1,188.4 1,197.8 23.6 24.2 24.3 24.5

Utilities........................................... 134.1 133.0 132.8 133.0 24.0 23.6 23.5 23.5

Information......................................... 1,103 1,097 1,107 1,109 40.0 40.0 39.8 39.8

Financial activities................................ 4,641 4,714 4,718 4,722 57.0 57.0 57.0 56.9

Professional and business services............ 8,769 9,031 9,059 9,093 44.5 44.9 44.9 44.9

Education and health services.................. 17,000 17,436 17,478 17,523 77.0 77.1 77.1 77.1

Leisure and hospitality........................... 7,851 8,011 8,043 8,073 51.9 51.9 51.9 51.9

Other services..................................... 2,935 2,973 2,983 2,982 52.1 52.4 52.4 52.4

Government............................................. 12,610 12,668 12,699 12,741 57.3 57.3 57.4 57.5

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

Total private............................................................................... 98,900 100,295 100,551 100,749

Goods-producing....................................................................... 14,121 14,125 14,125 14,131

Mining and logging.................................................................. 592 491 484 480

Construction.......................................................................... 4,843 5,020 5,014 5,019

Manufacturing........................................................................ 8,686 8,614 8,627 8,632

Durable goods..................................................................... 5,347 5,283 5,283 5,287

Nondurable goods................................................................ 3,339 3,331 3,344 3,345

Private service-providing.............................................................. 84,779 86,170 86,426 86,618

Trade, transportation, and utilities................................................. 22,673 22,926 22,942 22,958

Wholesale trade................................................................... 4,715.1 4,737.5 4,738.6 4,741.6

Retail trade........................................................................ 13,312.9 13,513.8 13,523.9 13,526.8

Transportation and warehousing................................................ 4,195.3 4,225.1 4,226.8 4,235.2

Utilities.............................................................................. 449.3 449.8 453.0 454.4

Information............................................................................ 2,231 2,205 2,241 2,238

Financial activities................................................................... 6,286 6,404 6,422 6,447

Professional and business services............................................... 16,174 16,471 16,517 16,584

Education and health services..................................................... 19,387 19,841 19,916 19,957

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 13,351 13,613 13,671 13,715

Other services........................................................................ 4,677 4,710 4,717 4,719

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 33.7 33.6 33.6 33.7

Goods-producing.................................................................... 41.2 41.2 41.2 41.4

Mining and logging................................................................ 46.2 45.7 44.4 45.5

Construction....................................................................... 39.4 39.6 39.8 39.8

Manufacturing..................................................................... 41.8 41.9 41.8 42.0

Durable goods.................................................................. 42.1 42.4 42.2 42.6

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 41.3 41.1 41.1 41.2

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 33.6 33.5 33.5 33.5

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.6 38.5 38.6 38.7

Retail trade...................................................................... 30.0 29.7 29.8 29.7

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.7 38.9 38.9 38.9

Utilities........................................................................... 42.3 42.1 42.4 42.7

Information......................................................................... 35.7 35.6 35.6 35.7

Financial activities................................................................ 37.1 36.9 37.0 37.1

Professional and business services............................................ 35.5 35.4 35.4 35.5

Education and health services.................................................. 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 25.1 24.9 24.9 24.9

Other services..................................................................... 30.7 30.8 30.9 30.9

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.3

Durable goods....................................................................... 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5

Nondurable goods................................................................... 4.4 4.0 4.1 4.0

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

Total private............................................... $21.05 $21.48 $21.52 $21.59 $709.39 $721.73 $723.07 $727.58

Goods-producing....................................... 21.98 22.53 22.59 22.63 905.58 928.24 930.71 936.88

Mining and logging.................................. 26.37 27.07 27.17 27.02 1,218.29 1,237.10 1,206.35 1,229.41

Construction.......................................... 25.20 25.86 26.01 26.09 992.88 1,024.06 1,035.20 1,038.38

Manufacturing........................................ 19.96 20.41 20.42 20.47 834.33 855.18 853.56 859.74

Durable goods.................................... 21.00 21.44 21.44 21.47 884.10 909.06 904.77 914.62

Nondurable goods................................ 18.26 18.72 18.77 18.82 754.14 769.39 771.45 775.38

Private service-providing.............................. 20.85 21.27 21.30 21.37 675.54 689.15 690.12 692.39

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 18.68 18.96 18.99 19.05 627.65 635.16 636.17 638.18

Wholesale trade.................................. 23.62 24.19 24.18 24.29 911.73 931.32 933.35 940.02

Retail trade........................................ 14.84 15.04 15.00 15.07 445.20 446.69 447.00 447.58

Transportation and warehousing............... 20.79 20.90 21.04 21.00 804.57 813.01 818.46 816.90

Utilities............................................. 34.08 35.02 35.65 35.43 1,441.58 1,474.34 1,511.56 1,512.86

Information........................................... 29.03 29.87 29.97 30.10 1,036.37 1,063.37 1,066.93 1,074.57

Financial activities................................... 25.36 26.06 26.11 26.15 940.86 961.61 966.07 970.17

Professional and business services.............. 24.79 25.35 25.43 25.51 880.05 897.39 900.22 905.61

Education and health services..................... 22.12 22.42 22.40 22.48 710.05 721.92 721.28 723.86

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 12.40 12.82 12.84 12.91 311.24 319.22 319.72 321.46

Other services....................................... 19.01 19.19 19.18 19.22 583.61 591.05 592.66 593.90

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

Percent

change

from:

June

2016 -

July

2016p

July

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

July

2016p

Percent

change

from:

June

2016 -

July

2016p

Total private..................................... 111.0 112.3 112.6 113.1 0.4 156.2 161.2 161.9 163.2 0.8

Goods-producing............................. 88.9 88.9 88.9 89.4 0.6 119.7 122.7 123.0 123.9 0.7

Mining and logging........................ 145.3 119.2 114.2 116.1 1.7 222.9 187.7 180.5 182.4 1.1

Construction................................ 95.5 99.5 99.9 100.0 0.1 130.0 139.0 140.3 140.9 0.4

Manufacturing.............................. 83.3 82.9 82.8 83.2 0.5 108.8 110.6 110.5 111.4 0.8

Durable goods........................... 84.6 84.2 83.8 84.6 1.0 110.9 112.7 112.1 113.4 1.2

Nondurable goods...................... 81.2 80.7 81.0 81.2 0.2 104.8 106.7 107.4 108.0 0.6

Private service-providing.................... 117.0 118.9 119.3 119.5 0.2 167.3 173.4 174.2 175.1 0.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 106.2 107.1 107.1 107.2 0.1 141.5 144.8 145.1 145.7 0.4

Wholesale trade......................... 107.2 107.4 107.7 108.1 0.4 149.1 153.1 153.4 154.6 0.8

Retail trade.............................. 101.1 101.6 102.0 101.7 -0.3 128.6 131.0 131.1 131.3 0.2

Transportation and warehousing...... 122.2 123.7 123.8 124.0 0.2 161.2 164.0 165.2 165.2 0.0

Utilities.................................... 97.2 96.8 98.2 99.2 1.0 138.3 141.6 146.2 146.7 0.3

Information................................. 90.9 89.6 91.1 91.2 0.1 130.6 132.5 135.1 135.9 0.6

Financial activities......................... 109.8 111.2 111.9 112.6 0.6 171.3 178.4 179.7 181.2 0.8

Professional and business services..... 128.7 130.7 131.0 131.9 0.7 189.8 197.1 198.3 200.3 1.0

Education and health services........... 132.7 136.2 136.7 137.0 0.2 193.7 201.5 202.1 203.3 0.6

Leisure and hospitality.................... 122.7 124.2 124.7 125.1 0.3 172.9 180.8 181.8 183.4 0.9

Other services............................. 100.7 101.7 102.2 102.3 0.1 139.5 142.3 142.9 143.2 0.2

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.