Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-13-0144 

8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, February 1, 2013 

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — JANUARY 2013 

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 157,000 in January, and the unemployment rate was 

essentially unchanged at 7.9 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Retail trade, 

construction, health care, and wholesale trade added jobs over the month. 

Changes to The Employment Situation Data 

Establishment survey data have been revised as a result of the annual benchmarking process and 

the updating of seasonal adjustment factors. Also, household survey data for January 2013 reflect 

updated population estimates. See the notes beginning on page 4 for more information about 

these changes. 

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

Jan-11 A pr-11 Jul-11 Oct-11 Jan-12 A pr-12 Jul-12 Oct-12 Jan-13

Thousands

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month 

change, seasonally adjusted, January 2011 –

January 2013

Percent

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

Jan-11 Apr-11 Jul-11 Oct-11 Jan-12 Apr-12 Jul-12 Oct-12 Jan-13

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

January 2011 – January 2013
- 2 - 

Household Survey Data 

The number of unemployed persons, at 12.3 million, was little changed in January. The 

unemployment rate was 7.9 percent and has been at or near that level since September 2012. (See 

table A-1.) (See the note on page 5 and tables B and C for information about annual population 

adjustments to the household survey estimates.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (7.3 percent), adult women 

(7.3 percent), teenagers (23.4 percent), whites (7.0 percent), blacks (13.8 percent), and Hispanics (9.7 

percent) showed little or no change in January. The jobless rate for Asians was 6.5 percent (not 

seasonally adjusted), little changed from a year earlier. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

In January, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was about 

unchanged at 4.7 million and accounted for 38.1 percent of the unemployed. (See table A-12.) 

Both the employment-population ratio (58.6 percent) and the civilian labor force participation rate

(63.6 percent) were unchanged in January. (See table A-1.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons, at 8.0 million, changed little in 

January. These individuals were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because 

they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.) 

In January, 2.4 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, down by 366,000 from a 

year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted 

and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not 

counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. 

(See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 804,000 discouraged workers in January, a decline of 

255,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons 

not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.6 

million persons marginally attached to the labor force in January had not searched for work in the 4 

weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See 

table A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 157,000 in January. In 2012, employment growth 

averaged 181,000 per month. In January, job gains occurred in retail trade, construction, health care, and 

wholesale trade, while employment edged down in transportation and warehousing. (See table B-1.) 

Employment in retail trade rose by 33,000 in January, compared with an average monthly gain of 

20,000 in 2012. Within the industry, job growth continued in January in motor vehicle and parts dealers 

(+7,000), electronics and appliance stores (+5,000), and clothing stores (+10,000). 

In January, employment in construction increased by 28,000. Nearly all of the job growth occurred in 

specialty trade contractors (+26,000), with the gain about equally split between residential and 

nonresidential specialty trade contractors. Since reaching a low in January 2011, construction 

employment has grown by 296,000, with one-third of the gain occurring in the last 4 months. However, 
- 3 - 

the January 2013 level of construction employment remained about 2 million below its previous peak 

level in April 2006. 

Health care continued to add jobs in January (+23,000). Within health care, job growth occurred in 

ambulatory health care services (+28,000), which includes doctors’ offices and outpatient care centers. 

This gain was partially offset by a loss of 8,000 jobs in nursing and residential care facilities. Over the 

year, health care employment has increased by 320,000. 

Employment increased in wholesale trade (+15,000) in January, with most of the increase occurring in 

its nondurable goods component (+11,000). Since the recent low point in May 2010, wholesale trade has 

added 291,000 jobs. 

Mining employment increased (+6,000) over the month; employment in this industry has risen by 

23,000 over the past 3 months. 

Employment edged down in transportation and warehousing in January (-14,000). Couriers and 

messengers lost 19,000 jobs over the month, following strong seasonal hiring in November and 

December. Air transportation employment decreased by 5,000 in January. 

Manufacturing employment was essentially unchanged in January and has changed little, on net, since 

July 2012. 

Employment in other major industries, including financial activities, professional and businesses 

services, leisure and hospitality, and government, showed little change over the month. 

In January, the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 

34.4 hours. The manufacturing workweek edged down by 0.1 hour to 40.6 hours, and factory overtime 

was unchanged at 3.3 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on 

private nonfarm payrolls edged down by 0.1 hour to 33.6 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

Average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 4 cents to $23.78. 

Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.1 percent. In January, average hourly earnings of 

private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 5 cents to $19.97. (See tables 

B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for November was revised from +161,000 to 

+247,000, and the change for December was revised from +155,000 to +196,000. Monthly revisions 

result from additional reports received from businesses since the last published estimates and the 

monthly recalculation of seasonal factors. The annual benchmark process also contributed to these 

revisions. 

_____________ 

The Employment Situation for February is scheduled to be released on Friday, March 8, 2013, at 

8:30 a.m. (EST).
- 4 - 

Revisions to Establishment Survey Data 

In accordance with annual practice, the establishment survey data released today have been 

benchmarked to reflect comprehensive counts of payroll jobs. These counts are derived principally from 

unemployment insurance tax records for March 2012. The benchmark process results in revisions to not 

seasonally adjusted data from April 2011 forward. Seasonally adjusted data from January 2008 forward 

are subject to revision. In addition, data for some series prior to 2008, both seasonally adjusted and 

unadjusted, incorporate minor revisions. 

The total nonfarm employment level for March 2012 was revised upward by 422,000 (424,000 on a not 

seasonally adjusted basis). Table A presents revised total nonfarm employment data on a seasonally 

adjusted basis for January through December 2012. 

All revised historical Current Employment Statistics (CES) data as well as an article that discusses the 

benchmark and post-benchmark revisions and other technical issues can be accessed through the CES 

homepage at www.bls.gov/ces/. Information on the data released today also may be obtained by calling 

(202) 691-6555. 

 

Table A. Revisions in total nonfarm employment, January-December 2012, seasonally adjusted 

(Numbers in thousands) 

2012 

January......................... 132,461 132,809 348 275 311 36

February....................... 132,720 133,080 360 259 271 12

March.......................... 132,863 133,285 422 143 205 62

April............................. 132,931 133,397 466 68 112 44

May............................. 133,018 133,522 504 87 125 38

June.............................. 133,063 133,609 546 45 87 42

July............................... 133,244 133,762 518 181 153 -28

August.......................... 133,436 133,927 491 192 165 -27

September.................... 133,568 134,065 497 132 138 6

October........................ 133,705 134,225 520 137 160 23

November.................... 133,866 134,472 606 161 247 86

December (p)............... 134,021 134,668 647 155 196 41

 p = preliminary. 

Year and month 

Level Over-the-month change

As 

previously 

published

As revised Difference

As 

previously 

published 

As 

revised Difference
- 5 - 

Adjustments to Population Estimates for the Household Survey 

Effective with data for January 2013, updated population estimates have been used in the household 

survey. Population estimates for the household survey are developed by the U.S. Census Bureau. Each 

year, the Census Bureau updates the estimates to reflect new information and assumptions about the 

growth of the population since the previous decennial census. The change in population reflected in the 

new estimates results from adjustments for net international migration, updated vital statistics and other 

information, and some methodological changes in the estimation process. 

In accordance with usual practice, BLS will not revise the official household survey estimates for 

December 2012 and earlier months. To show the impact of the population adjustment, however, 

differences in selected December 2012 labor force series based on the old and new population estimates 

are shown in table B. 

The adjustment increased the estimated size of the civilian noninstitutional population in December by 

138,000, the civilian labor force by 136,000, employment by 127,000, unemployment by 9,000, and 

persons not in the labor force by 2,000. The total unemployment rate, employment-population ratio, and 

labor force participation rate were unaffected. 

Data users are cautioned that these annual population adjustments affect the comparability of household 

data series over time. Table C shows the effect of the introduction of new population estimates on the 

comparison of selected labor force measures between December 2012 and January 2013. Additional 

information on the population adjustments and their effect on national labor force estimates are available 

at www.bls.gov/cps/cps13adj.pdf. 

Table B. Effect of the updated population controls on December 2012 estimates by sex, race, and

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Category Total Men White Asian

Civilian noninstitutional population ...... 138 41 98 -164 63 246 -218

Civilian labor force .................. 136 49 87 -74 52 161 -156

Participation rate .................. .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0

Employed ........................... 127 47 80 -64 44 150 -139

Employment-population ratio ... .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0

Unemployed ........................ 9 3 6 -11 8 12 -17

Unemployment rate ............... .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0

Not in labor force ..................... 2 -9 11 -90 11 85 -62

 NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or 

African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose 

ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.

Women

Black or 

African 

American

Hispanic 

or Latino 

ethnicity
- 6 - 

Adjustments to Veteran Population Estimates for the Household Survey 

Effective with data for January 2013, estimates for veterans in table 5 of this release 

incorporate population controls derived from an updated Department of Veterans Affairs' 

population model. Other tables in this release are not affected. In accordance with usual 

practice, BLS will not revise estimates in table 5 for December 2012 and earlier months. 

Table C. December 2012-January 2013 changes in selected labor force measures, 

with adjustments for population control effects

(Numbers in thousands)

Category

Civilian noninstitutional population ......... 313 138 175

Civilian labor force ........................ 143 136 7

Participation rate ..................... .0 .0 .0

Employed .............................. 17 127 -110

Employment-population ratio ...... .0 .0 .0

Unemployed ........................... 126 9 117

Unemployment rate .................. .1 .0 .1

Not in labor force ........................ 169 2 167

 1 This Dec.-Jan. change is calculated by subtracting the population control effect from the 

over-the-month change in the published seasonally adjusted estimates. 

 NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. 

2013 

population 

control effect

Dec.-Jan. 

change, as 

published

Dec.-Jan. 

change, after 

removing the 

population 

control effect 1
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Change from:

Dec. 2012-

Jan. 2013

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population............................................ 242,269 244,174 244,350 244,663 –

Civilian labor force............................................................ 154,356 155,319 155,511 155,654 –

Participation rate........................................................... 63.7 63.6 63.6 63.6 –

Employed.................................................................... 141,608 143,277 143,305 143,322 –

Employment-population ratio........................................... 58.5 58.7 58.6 58.6 –

Unemployed................................................................. 12,748 12,042 12,206 12,332 –

Unemployment rate..................................................... 8.3 7.8 7.8 7.9 –

Not in labor force............................................................. 87,913 88,855 88,839 89,008 –

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over....................................................... 8.3 7.8 7.8 7.9 –

Adult men (20 years and over).............................................. 7.7 7.2 7.2 7.3 –

Adult women (20 years and over).......................................... 7.7 7.0 7.3 7.3 –

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................. 23.4 23.6 23.5 23.4 –

White........................................................................... 7.4 6.8 6.9 7.0 –

Black or African American................................................... 13.6 13.2 14.0 13.8 –

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................. 6.7 6.4 6.6 6.5 –

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.................................................. 10.5 9.9 9.6 9.7 –

Total, 25 years and over....................................................... 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.5 –

Less than a high school diploma........................................... 13.1 12.1 11.7 12.0 –

High school graduates, no college......................................... 8.5 8.1 8.0 8.1 –

Some college or associate degree......................................... 7.3 6.6 6.9 7.0 –

Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................... 4.2 3.9 3.9 3.7 –

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs................... 7,292 6,429 6,408 6,637 –

Job leavers....................................................................... 932 926 983 981 –

Reentrants........................................................................ 3,301 3,325 3,587 3,515 –

New entrants..................................................................... 1,258 1,326 1,291 1,287 –

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks.............................................................. 2,495 2,596 2,676 2,766 –

5 to 14 weeks.................................................................... 2,874 2,757 2,838 3,028 –

15 to 26 weeks.................................................................. 1,944 1,820 1,895 1,858 –

27 weeks and over.............................................................. 5,522 4,784 4,766 4,708 –

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons............................................... 8,220 8,138 7,918 7,973 –

Slack work or business conditions.......................................... 5,413 5,084 4,928 5,126 –

Could only find part-time work.............................................. 2,558 2,648 2,616 2,630 –

Part time for noneconomic reasons........................................... 18,700 18,594 18,763 18,464 –

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force........................................ 2,809 2,505 2,614 2,443 –

Discouraged workers......................................................... 1,059 979 1,068 804 –

- December - January changes in household data are not shown due to the introduction of updated population controls.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 247 196 157

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323 256 202 166

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 43 44 36

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 12 6 4

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 24 30 28

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 7 8 4

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 17 8 3

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 9.7 1.9 2.5

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 -10 0 1

Private service-providing1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 213 158 130

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.4 9.8 6.3 14.8

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.5 69.6 11.2 32.6

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.6 20.2 42.5 -14.2

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -12 14 -3 9

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 5 9 6

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 55 2 25

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.0 26.5 9.1 -8.1

Education and health services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 14 50 25

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.5 30.2 48.1 27.6

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 21 33 23

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 7 6 8

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -12 -9 -6 -9

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.4 49.4 49.3 49.4

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.8 47.9 47.9 47.9

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.6 82.6 82.6 82.6

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.5 34.4 34.4 34.4

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 23.28 $ 23.67 $ 23.74 $ 23.78

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $803.16 $814.25 $816.66 $818.03

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.8 97.0 97.2 97.3

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.4 109.5 110.0 110.4

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4 0.9 0.5 0.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS

PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.8 33.7 33.7 33.6

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 19.61 $ 19.88 $ 19.92 $ 19.97

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $662.82 $669.96 $671.30 $670.99

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.3 104.7 104.8 104.6

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.7 0.5 0.1 -0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.3 138.9 139.5 139.5

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 0.7 0.4 0.0

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private (266 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.2 63.9 64.5 59.6

Manufacturing (81 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.6 52.5 54.9 48.1

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing

industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance

between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2012 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of 

employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series 

has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household 

survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 

100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically 

significant change in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a 

more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers 

whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private 

household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also 

provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences 

between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf. 

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, 

it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does 

not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which 

identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the 

foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The 

Employment Situation news release. 

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax 

records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more 

information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments 

with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the 

reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and 

industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 

 
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net 

employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an 

econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based 

on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census 

of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this 

purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There 

is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and 

availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment 

insurance benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons 

who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the 

unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There 

is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently 

looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, 

including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged 

workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include 

discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each 

month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these 

alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? 

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. 

Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on 

employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay 

for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, 

but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be 

off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such 

as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment, employees have 

to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Slightly more than 20 percent of all employees 

in the payroll survey sample have a weekly pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of 

the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to 

quantify the effect of extreme weather on estimates of over-the-month change in employment. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of 

the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as 

employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the 

number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure 

of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours. Current and historical 

data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page at http://data.bls.gov/cgibin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household 

survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey 

(CES; establishment survey). The household survey 

provides information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked 

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 

60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census 

Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm 

payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of 

nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the 

CES program surveys about 145,000 businesses and 

government agencies, representing approximately 557,000 

individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry 

data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on 

nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes 

approximately one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that 

contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment 

survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 

12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the 

calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment 

sometime during the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting 

recall need not be looking for work to be counted as 

unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the 

household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for 

or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as 

employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The 

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent 

of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the 

labor force as a percent of the population, and 

the employment-population ratio is the employed as a 

percent of the population. Additional information 

about the household survey can be found at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are 

counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are 

produced for the private sector for all employees and for 

production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and 

logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing 

industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an 

establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 

2012 version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous 

conceptual and methodological differences between the 

household and establishment surveys result in important 

distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the 

surveys. Among these are: 

 The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, self-employed workers whose businesses 

are unicorporated, unpaid family workers, and 

private household workers among the employed. 

These groups are excluded from the establishment 

survey. 

 The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not. 

 The household survey is limited to workers 16 

years of age and older. The establishment survey is 

not limited by age. 

 The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance. 
Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, 

and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the 

participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For 

example, in the household survey, the large number of 

youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure 

any other changes that have taken place relative to May, 

making it difficult to determine if the level of economic 

activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the 

establishment survey, payroll employment in education 

declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term 

and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the 

underlying employment trends in the industry. Because 

seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of 

the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be 

adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more 

discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more 

useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-tomonth economic activity. 

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, 

such as total payroll employment, employment in most 

major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are 

computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived 

by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex 

components; this differs from the unemployment estimate 

that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by 

combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age 

categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling 

error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. The 

component of this difference that occurs because samples 

differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its 

variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. 

There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value 

because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the 

establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 

90,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment 

increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-

percent confidence interval on the monthly change would 

range from -60,000 to +140,000 (50,000 +/- 90,000). These 

figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these 

magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent 

chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this 

interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, 

we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment 

had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported 

nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the 

values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be 

greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-

percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen 

that month. At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, 

the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change 

in unemployment as measured by the household survey is 

about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the 

unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.2 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, 

such as for quarterly and annual averages. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all 

respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide correct information on a timely 

basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in 

the collection or processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates 

for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete 

returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled 

preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive 

revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample 

reports have been received, that the estimate is considered 

final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 
account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment 

gains from business births. This is incorporated into the 

sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting 

sample units going out of business, but imputing to them 

the same employment trend as the other firms in the 

sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net 

birth/death employment. 

The second component is an ARIMA time series 

model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death 

employment not accounted for by the imputation. The 

historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA 

model was derived from the unemployment insurance 

universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual 

residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough 

proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also 

incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over 

the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total 

nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a 

range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Jan.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Sept.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242,269 244,350 244,663 242,269 243,772 243,983 244,174 244,350 244,663

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153,485 154,904 154,794 154,356 155,056 155,576 155,319 155,511 155,654

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.4 63.4 63.3 63.7 63.6 63.8 63.6 63.6 63.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,944 143,060 141,614 141,608 142,974 143,328 143,277 143,305 143,322

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.8 58.5 57.9 58.5 58.7 58.7 58.7 58.6 58.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,541 11,844 13,181 12,748 12,082 12,248 12,042 12,206 12,332

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.8 7.6 8.5 8.3 7.8 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,784 89,445 89,868 87,913 88,716 88,407 88,855 88,839 89,008

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,495 6,532 6,781 6,313 6,718 6,584 6,827 6,750 6,631

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,808 117,902 118,033 116,808 117,600 117,710 117,810 117,902 118,033

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,298 82,190 82,249 82,052 82,396 82,661 82,514 82,545 82,940

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.6 69.7 69.7 70.2 70.1 70.2 70.0 70.0 70.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,772 75,686 74,823 75,257 75,769 76,027 75,983 76,060 76,290

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.2 64.2 63.4 64.4 64.4 64.6 64.5 64.5 64.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,526 6,503 7,426 6,794 6,627 6,634 6,530 6,486 6,650

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3 7.9 9.0 8.3 8.0 8.0 7.9 7.9 8.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,510 35,712 35,783 34,756 35,205 35,049 35,297 35,357 35,093

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108,087 109,308 109,448 108,087 108,973 109,096 109,206 109,308 109,448

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,710 79,552 79,583 79,203 79,436 79,679 79,568 79,695 80,016

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.8 72.8 72.7 73.3 72.9 73.0 72.9 72.9 73.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,892 73,716 72,905 73,138 73,612 73,845 73,821 73,949 74,139

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.5 67.4 66.6 67.7 67.6 67.7 67.6 67.7 67.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,818 5,836 6,678 6,065 5,825 5,834 5,747 5,746 5,877

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 7.3 8.4 7.7 7.3 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,377 29,756 29,865 28,885 29,536 29,416 29,638 29,613 29,432

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,461 126,447 126,630 125,461 126,172 126,273 126,364 126,447 126,630

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,187 72,715 72,545 72,304 72,661 72,915 72,806 72,965 72,715

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.5 57.5 57.3 57.6 57.6 57.7 57.6 57.7 57.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,172 67,373 66,790 66,351 67,206 67,301 67,294 67,245 67,032

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.7 53.3 52.7 52.9 53.3 53.3 53.3 53.2 52.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,015 5,341 5,755 5,953 5,455 5,614 5,512 5,721 5,682

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 7.3 7.9 8.2 7.5 7.7 7.6 7.8 7.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,274 53,733 54,085 53,157 53,511 53,358 53,558 53,482 53,916

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,082 118,170 118,348 117,082 117,869 117,980 118,079 118,170 118,348

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,513 69,980 69,778 69,420 69,813 70,041 69,907 70,059 69,749

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.4 59.2 59.0 59.3 59.2 59.4 59.2 59.3 58.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,062 65,152 64,589 64,080 64,934 65,014 64,988 64,954 64,675

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.7 55.1 54.6 54.7 55.1 55.1 55.0 55.0 54.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,451 4,828 5,189 5,341 4,879 5,027 4,918 5,105 5,074

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8 6.9 7.4 7.7 7.0 7.2 7.0 7.3 7.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,569 48,190 48,570 47,662 48,056 47,939 48,172 48,111 48,599

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,100 16,871 16,867 17,100 16,931 16,907 16,890 16,871 16,867

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,262 5,372 5,434 5,733 5,807 5,856 5,845 5,756 5,889

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.8 31.8 32.2 33.5 34.3 34.6 34.6 34.1 34.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,990 4,192 4,120 4,391 4,429 4,469 4,468 4,402 4,508

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.3 24.8 24.4 25.7 26.2 26.4 26.5 26.1 26.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,272 1,180 1,314 1,342 1,378 1,387 1,376 1,355 1,381

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.2 22.0 24.2 23.4 23.7 23.7 23.6 23.5 23.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,837 11,499 11,434 11,367 11,124 11,051 11,045 11,115 10,978

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Jan.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Sept.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192,600 193,849 193,776 192,600 193,503 193,633 193,748 193,849 193,776

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,750 123,404 123,090 123,615 123,637 123,794 123,540 123,774 123,971

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.7 63.7 63.5 64.2 63.9 63.9 63.8 63.9 64.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,876 115,213 113,675 114,442 115,002 115,205 115,124 115,289 115,266

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.6 59.4 58.7 59.4 59.4 59.5 59.4 59.5 59.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,874 8,191 9,415 9,174 8,635 8,588 8,416 8,485 8,705

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.0 6.6 7.6 7.4 7.0 6.9 6.8 6.9 7.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,850 70,445 70,686 68,984 69,866 69,839 70,207 70,076 69,805

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,081 64,562 64,506 64,501 64,540 64,718 64,509 64,646 64,924

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.3 73.2 73.2 73.8 73.4 73.5 73.2 73.3 73.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,966 60,415 59,587 60,022 60,292 60,493 60,397 60,609 60,652

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.5 68.5 67.6 68.7 68.5 68.7 68.5 68.7 68.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,115 4,148 4,919 4,479 4,248 4,225 4,112 4,037 4,272

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.0 6.4 7.6 6.9 6.6 6.5 6.4 6.2 6.6

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,422 54,494 54,250 54,459 54,500 54,423 54,366 54,452 54,318

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.9 58.5 58.3 58.9 58.7 58.5 58.4 58.5 58.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,602 51,303 50,688 50,755 51,085 51,020 51,008 51,015 50,869

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.7 55.1 54.5 54.9 55.0 54.9 54.8 54.8 54.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,820 3,191 3,562 3,704 3,415 3,403 3,358 3,437 3,450

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 5.9 6.6 6.8 6.3 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,247 4,348 4,334 4,656 4,598 4,653 4,665 4,676 4,729

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.3 34.6 34.5 36.6 36.4 36.9 37.0 37.2 37.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,308 3,495 3,400 3,664 3,625 3,692 3,718 3,665 3,746

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.0 27.8 27.1 28.8 28.7 29.3 29.5 29.1 29.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 938 853 934 991 972 961 946 1,011 983

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.1 19.6 21.5 21.3 21.1 20.7 20.3 21.6 20.8

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,727 30,093 30,190 29,727 29,991 30,027 30,061 30,093 30,190

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,074 18,350 18,554 18,206 18,346 18,716 18,374 18,403 18,641

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.8 61.0 61.5 61.2 61.2 62.3 61.1 61.2 61.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,512 15,832 15,897 15,733 15,891 16,011 15,952 15,827 16,073

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.2 52.6 52.7 52.9 53.0 53.3 53.1 52.6 53.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,561 2,518 2,656 2,472 2,456 2,705 2,422 2,577 2,568

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.2 13.7 14.3 13.6 13.4 14.5 13.2 14.0 13.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,653 11,743 11,636 11,522 11,645 11,311 11,687 11,690 11,549

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,238 8,313 8,391 8,254 8,214 8,296 8,225 8,298 8,382

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.2 67.5 67.9 68.4 67.1 67.6 66.9 67.4 67.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,083 7,162 7,181 7,197 7,052 7,127 7,165 7,134 7,262

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.7 58.2 58.1 59.6 57.6 58.1 58.3 58.0 58.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,155 1,150 1,210 1,058 1,162 1,169 1,060 1,164 1,120

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.0 13.8 14.4 12.8 14.1 14.1 12.9 14.0 13.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,230 9,438 9,512 9,278 9,377 9,668 9,444 9,454 9,545

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.7 62.1 62.4 62.0 62.0 63.8 62.3 62.2 62.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,068 8,298 8,323 8,119 8,363 8,440 8,360 8,305 8,367

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.9 54.6 54.6 54.2 55.3 55.7 55.1 54.7 54.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,162 1,140 1,189 1,160 1,014 1,228 1,085 1,149 1,178

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.6 12.1 12.5 12.5 10.8 12.7 11.5 12.2 12.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 605 600 651 673 756 752 704 651 714

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.5 23.1 25.0 25.1 28.8 28.7 27.0 25.1 27.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 371 393 418 475 444 427 387 444

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.4 14.3 15.1 15.6 18.1 17.0 16.4 14.9 17.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 228 258 255 280 307 277 264 270

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.3 38.0 39.6 37.9 37.1 40.9 39.3 40.5 37.8

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,735 12,935 13,068 – – – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Jan.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Sept.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,158 8,501 8,465 – – – – – –

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.1 65.7 64.8 – – – – – –

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,608 7,940 7,917 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.7 61.4 60.6 – – – – – –

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 549 561 548 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 6.6 6.5 – – – – – –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,577 4,434 4,603 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Jan.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Sept.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population.................. 36,301 37,231 37,094 36,301 36,969 37,058 37,147 37,231 37,094

Civilian labor force................................. 23,949 24,487 24,454 24,040 24,465 24,572 24,544 24,539 24,572

Participation rate................................. 66.0 65.8 65.9 66.2 66.2 66.3 66.1 65.9 66.2

Employed......................................... 21,187 22,137 21,875 21,505 22,042 22,112 22,109 22,195 22,199

Employment-population ratio................ 58.4 59.5 59.0 59.2 59.6 59.7 59.5 59.6 59.8

Unemployed...................................... 2,762 2,350 2,578 2,535 2,422 2,460 2,435 2,344 2,373

Unemployment rate........................... 11.5 9.6 10.5 10.5 9.9 10.0 9.9 9.6 9.7

Not in labor force................................... 12,352 12,744 12,640 12,261 12,505 12,486 12,602 12,692 12,522

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 13,252 13,500 13,465 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 81.2 80.3 80.6 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 11,832 12,366 12,155 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 72.5 73.6 72.7 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 1,421 1,134 1,309 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 10.7 8.4 9.7 – – – – – –

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 9,703 9,941 9,903 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 59.4 59.3 59.2 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 8,609 9,004 8,922 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 52.7 53.7 53.3 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 1,094 938 981 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 11.3 9.4 9.9 – – – – – –

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................. 994 1,046 1,086 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 27.2 28.6 29.8 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 746 767 798 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 20.4 21.0 21.9 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 248 278 288 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 24.9 26.6 26.5 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release

of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Sept.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................... 11,374 11,156 11,035 11,403 11,183 11,251 11,097 11,120 11,125

Participation rate.................................... 45.3 45.2 45.1 45.4 45.0 45.8 45.3 45.1 45.5

Employed............................................ 9,669 9,785 9,502 9,912 9,930 9,880 9,753 9,821 9,784

Employment-population ratio................... 38.5 39.7 38.8 39.4 40.0 40.2 39.8 39.8 40.0

Unemployed......................................... 1,705 1,371 1,533 1,491 1,253 1,371 1,344 1,298 1,341

Unemployment rate.............................. 15.0 12.3 13.9 13.1 11.2 12.2 12.1 11.7 12.0

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................... 37,002 36,892 36,709 36,839 36,642 36,735 36,652 36,663 36,557

Participation rate.................................... 59.8 59.4 59.0 59.6 59.6 60.0 59.4 59.1 58.7

Employed............................................ 33,494 33,921 33,371 33,723 33,504 33,681 33,677 33,713 33,585

Employment-population ratio................... 54.2 54.6 53.6 54.5 54.5 55.0 54.6 54.3 54.0

Unemployed......................................... 3,508 2,971 3,338 3,116 3,138 3,054 2,975 2,950 2,972

Unemployment rate.............................. 9.5 8.1 9.1 8.5 8.6 8.3 8.1 8.0 8.1

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................... 37,240 37,341 37,225 37,203 37,512 37,662 37,274 37,397 37,201

Participation rate.................................... 69.3 68.6 68.4 69.2 68.6 68.8 68.4 68.7 68.3

Employed............................................ 34,435 34,857 34,496 34,501 35,076 35,043 34,832 34,831 34,587

Employment-population ratio................... 64.0 64.1 63.4 64.2 64.1 64.0 63.9 64.0 63.5

Unemployed......................................... 2,804 2,484 2,729 2,702 2,436 2,619 2,442 2,566 2,614

Unemployment rate.............................. 7.5 6.7 7.3 7.3 6.5 7.0 6.6 6.9 7.0

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................... 47,510 48,758 48,968 47,516 48,508 48,670 48,858 48,859 48,991

Participation rate.................................... 75.7 75.7 75.7 75.7 75.9 75.3 75.5 75.9 75.8

Employed............................................ 45,402 46,892 47,061 45,529 46,549 46,851 46,968 46,954 47,172

Employment-population ratio................... 72.3 72.8 72.8 72.5 72.8 72.5 72.6 72.9 72.9

Unemployed......................................... 2,108 1,866 1,907 1,987 1,959 1,818 1,891 1,905 1,819

Unemployment rate.............................. 4.4 3.8 3.9 4.2 4.0 3.7 3.9 3.9 3.7

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2013

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,347 21,534 19,538 19,320 1,809 2,214

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,914 11,032 9,784 9,638 1,131 1,394

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.1 51.2 50.1 49.9 62.5 63.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,100 10,188 9,076 8,918 1,024 1,271

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.3 47.3 46.5 46.2 56.6 57.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 815 844 708 721 107 123

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 7.6 7.2 7.5 9.4 8.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,433 10,502 9,754 9,682 678 820

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,436 2,659 2,033 2,113 403 546

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,955 2,153 1,665 1,768 290 385

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.2 81.0 81.9 83.7 72.0 70.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,777 1,900 1,537 1,582 240 319

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.9 71.5 75.6 74.9 59.6 58.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 252 128 186 50 66

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1 11.7 7.7 10.5 17.3 17.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481 506 369 345 113 161

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,048 3,195 2,540 2,609 509 586

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,550 2,664 2,158 2,222 391 443

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.6 83.4 85.0 85.1 76.9 75.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,386 2,513 2,031 2,096 355 417

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.3 78.6 80.0 80.3 69.8 71.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 152 128 126 36 26

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 5.7 5.9 5.7 9.2 5.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498 531 381 388 117 143

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,079 10,039 9,759 9,662 319 377

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,156 3,076 3,053 2,956 103 120

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.3 30.6 31.3 30.6 32.3 31.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,928 2,834 2,828 2,722 100 111

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.0 28.2 29.0 28.2 31.2 29.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 242 225 233 4 9

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 7.9 7.4 7.9 3.4 7.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,922 6,963 6,706 6,706 216 257

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,784 5,641 5,206 4,936 578 705

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,253 3,139 2,907 2,693 346 446

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.2 55.7 55.9 54.6 59.8 63.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,009 2,942 2,680 2,518 329 424

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.0 52.1 51.5 51.0 56.9 60.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 198 227 175 17 23

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 6.3 7.8 6.5 4.8 5.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,531 2,502 2,298 2,243 233 259

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212,092 214,154 92,726 94,148 119,365 120,006

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,958 141,994 70,742 71,776 70,217 70,218

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.5 66.3 76.3 76.2 58.8 58.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128,685 130,156 64,173 65,340 64,512 64,817

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.7 60.8 69.2 69.4 54.0 54.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,274 11,837 6,569 6,436 5,705 5,401

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 8.3 9.3 9.0 8.1 7.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,133 72,160 21,985 22,372 49,149 49,788

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S.

Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August

2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time

periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and

another period are classified only in the wartime period. Beginning with data for January 2013, estimates for veterans incorporate population controls derived from the updated

Department of Veterans Affairs’ population model.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2013

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population....................................................... 27,482 28,573 214,788 216,090

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 5,502 5,950 147,983 148,844

Participation rate...................................................................... 20.0 20.8 68.9 68.9

Employed.............................................................................. 4,792 5,134 135,152 136,480

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 17.4 18.0 62.9 63.2

Unemployed........................................................................... 710 816 12,831 12,364

Unemployment rate................................................................ 12.9 13.7 8.7 8.3

Not in labor force........................................................................ 21,979 22,623 66,805 67,245

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,479 2,760 74,694 75,040

Participation rate...................................................................... 33.7 34.9 81.7 82.2

Employed.............................................................................. 2,103 2,322 67,803 68,374

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 28.6 29.4 74.2 74.9

Unemployed........................................................................... 376 438 6,891 6,665

Unemployment rate................................................................ 15.2 15.9 9.2 8.9

Not in labor force........................................................................ 4,875 5,148 16,729 16,226

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,189 2,147 66,727 66,883

Participation rate...................................................................... 28.6 28.4 70.4 70.3

Employed.............................................................................. 1,903 1,851 61,198 61,643

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 24.9 24.5 64.6 64.8

Unemployed........................................................................... 285 296 5,529 5,240

Unemployment rate................................................................ 13.0 13.8 8.3 7.8

Not in labor force........................................................................ 5,468 5,421 28,023 28,314

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 834 1,044 6,562 6,921

Participation rate...................................................................... 6.7 8.0 22.9 23.4

Employed.............................................................................. 785 961 6,151 6,463

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 6.3 7.3 21.5 21.8

Unemployed........................................................................... 49 82 411 459

Unemployment rate................................................................ 5.8 7.9 6.3 6.6

Not in labor force........................................................................ 11,636 12,054 22,052 22,705

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing

even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition;

has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or

shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2013

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 37,593 37,952 18,289 18,492 19,305 19,461

Civilian labor force................................................... 25,156 25,240 14,418 14,447 10,738 10,792

Participation rate................................................... 66.9 66.5 78.8 78.1 55.6 55.5

Employed........................................................... 22,803 23,089 13,069 13,287 9,734 9,802

Employment-population ratio.................................. 60.7 60.8 71.5 71.9 50.4 50.4

Unemployed........................................................ 2,353 2,150 1,350 1,160 1,003 990

Unemployment rate............................................. 9.4 8.5 9.4 8.0 9.3 9.2

Not in labor force..................................................... 12,437 12,712 3,871 4,044 8,567 8,668

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 204,676 206,711 98,519 99,541 106,157 107,170

Civilian labor force................................................... 128,329 129,555 66,880 67,802 61,450 61,753

Participation rate................................................... 62.7 62.7 67.9 68.1 57.9 57.6

Employed........................................................... 117,141 118,524 60,703 61,536 56,438 56,988

Employment-population ratio.................................. 57.2 57.3 61.6 61.8 53.2 53.2

Unemployed........................................................ 11,188 11,030 6,176 6,266 5,012 4,764

Unemployment rate............................................. 8.7 8.5 9.2 9.2 8.2 7.7

Not in labor force..................................................... 76,347 77,156 31,640 31,739 44,707 45,417

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or

one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the

United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Sept.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................... 2,042 1,922 1,895 2,205 2,198 2,195 2,121 2,088 2,057

Wage and salary workers1

....................... 1,259 1,205 1,123 1,382 1,402 1,394 1,320 1,295 1,245

Self-employed workers, unincorporated......... 765 683 736 809 759 751 776 747 775

Unpaid family workers............................. 18 33 36 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries............................ 137,902 141,138 139,718 139,446 140,767 141,245 141,149 141,190 141,255

Wage and salary workers1

....................... 129,299 132,234 131,177 130,589 131,743 132,326 132,038 132,113 132,445

Government...................................... 20,519 20,839 20,759 20,506 20,647 20,555 20,598 20,686 20,696

Private industries................................ 108,780 111,395 110,418 110,093 111,080 111,784 111,429 111,406 111,746

Private households............................ 569 732 799 – – – – – –

Other industries............................... 108,211 110,663 109,619 109,449 110,289 111,058 110,659 110,632 110,873

Self-employed workers, unincorporated......... 8,491 8,819 8,463 8,756 8,863 8,819 8,959 8,935 8,746

Unpaid family workers............................. 112 85 78 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3

................... 8,918 8,166 8,628 8,220 8,607 8,286 8,138 7,918 7,973

Slack work or business conditions............... 6,025 5,154 5,732 5,413 5,567 5,177 5,084 4,928 5,126

Could only find part-time work.................... 2,479 2,593 2,540 2,558 2,587 2,618 2,648 2,616 2,630

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 18,958 19,308 18,596 18,700 18,728 18,896 18,594 18,763 18,464

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3

................... 8,747 8,038 8,506 8,072 8,552 8,162 8,029 7,812 7,867

Slack work or business conditions............... 5,922 5,087 5,649 5,312 5,468 5,105 5,025 4,887 5,047

Could only find part-time work.................... 2,464 2,568 2,530 2,556 2,604 2,631 2,650 2,583 2,610

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 18,596 18,993 18,259 18,330 18,399 18,527 18,310 18,469 18,182

1 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the

entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions,

inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training,

retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during

the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Sept.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,944 143,060 141,614 141,608 142,974 143,328 143,277 143,305 143,322

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,990 4,192 4,120 4,391 4,429 4,469 4,468 4,402 4,508

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,160 1,342 1,269 1,336 1,428 1,448 1,351 1,405 1,453

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,830 2,849 2,850 3,049 2,986 3,032 3,126 2,985 3,048

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135,954 138,868 137,494 137,218 138,545 138,858 138,809 138,903 138,814

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,953 13,412 13,064 13,339 13,503 13,549 13,595 13,570 13,471

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,000 125,456 124,430 123,859 125,027 125,285 125,200 125,406 125,311

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93,271 94,305 93,418 93,989 94,340 94,328 94,079 94,253 94,147

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,995 31,162 30,775 30,370 30,805 30,918 30,971 31,115 31,137

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,394 30,523 30,270 30,612 30,658 30,668 30,490 30,524 30,480

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,883 32,620 32,373 33,007 32,877 32,742 32,618 32,614 32,531

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,729 31,151 31,012 29,871 30,688 30,957 31,121 31,153 31,164

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,772 75,686 74,823 75,257 75,769 76,027 75,983 76,060 76,290

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,880 1,971 1,918 2,119 2,157 2,182 2,163 2,111 2,151

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524 632 566 619 651 719 656 690 673

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,357 1,339 1,352 1,489 1,497 1,467 1,492 1,422 1,472

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,892 73,716 72,905 73,138 73,612 73,845 73,821 73,949 74,139

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,685 6,969 6,779 6,973 6,989 7,096 7,125 7,104 7,070

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,207 66,747 66,126 66,110 66,636 66,790 66,720 66,902 67,002

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,592 50,286 49,778 50,325 50,352 50,342 50,194 50,370 50,474

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,120 16,801 16,589 16,440 16,608 16,715 16,734 16,799 16,889

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,357 16,437 16,345 16,557 16,552 16,527 16,380 16,443 16,519

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,116 17,048 16,844 17,327 17,193 17,100 17,080 17,127 17,066

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,615 16,460 16,348 15,785 16,284 16,447 16,526 16,532 16,528

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,172 67,373 66,790 66,351 67,206 67,301 67,294 67,245 67,032

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,110 2,221 2,201 2,272 2,272 2,287 2,305 2,291 2,357

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 636 710 703 717 777 729 695 715 780

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,474 1,511 1,498 1,560 1,490 1,565 1,634 1,563 1,576

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,062 65,152 64,589 64,080 64,934 65,014 64,988 64,954 64,675

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,268 6,443 6,284 6,365 6,514 6,453 6,470 6,467 6,402

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,794 58,709 58,305 57,749 58,391 58,496 58,480 58,504 58,309

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,679 44,019 43,640 43,664 43,987 43,986 43,885 43,883 43,674

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,875 14,361 14,186 13,929 14,197 14,203 14,237 14,315 14,248

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,037 14,086 13,925 14,055 14,106 14,141 14,109 14,080 13,961

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,767 15,572 15,529 15,680 15,684 15,643 15,538 15,487 15,465

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,115 14,690 14,664 14,085 14,404 14,510 14,595 14,621 14,636

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,191 44,014 43,660 43,662 43,980 44,134 44,016 43,924 44,117

Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,672 34,942 34,488 34,422 34,804 34,561 34,576 34,611 34,271

Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,075 9,125 9,092 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111,879 115,079 113,868 113,833 115,259 115,469 115,665 115,868 115,918

Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,065 27,980 27,746 27,753 27,692 27,869 27,517 27,502 27,467

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,830 7,081 6,738 7,011 6,882 6,927 7,109 7,017 6,919

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 4.9 4.8 5.0 4.8 4.8 5.0 4.9 4.8

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,191 5,175 5,244 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,256 9,502 9,200 9,565 9,622 9,570 9,735 9,682 9,521

1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Jan.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Sept.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over............................. 12,748 12,206 12,332 8.3 7.8 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.9

16 to 19 years...................................... 1,342 1,355 1,381 23.4 23.7 23.7 23.6 23.5 23.4

16 to 17 years.................................... 549 490 576 29.1 25.5 25.3 28.4 25.8 28.4

18 to 19 years.................................... 798 872 801 20.7 22.7 22.7 20.4 22.6 20.8

20 years and over.................................. 11,406 10,852 10,951 7.7 7.2 7.3 7.1 7.2 7.3

20 to 24 years.................................... 2,038 2,151 2,238 13.3 12.4 13.2 12.6 13.7 14.2

25 years and over............................... 9,330 8,725 8,762 7.0 6.6 6.6 6.5 6.5 6.5

25 to 54 years................................. 7,459 6,777 6,783 7.4 6.8 6.8 6.7 6.7 6.7

25 to 34 years.............................. 2,959 2,611 2,594 8.9 8.1 8.2 7.9 7.7 7.7

35 to 44 years.............................. 2,251 2,158 2,116 6.8 6.3 6.3 6.2 6.6 6.5

45 to 54 years.............................. 2,249 2,008 2,073 6.4 6.0 6.1 6.0 5.8 6.0

55 years and over............................. 1,857 1,957 1,972 5.9 5.9 5.8 5.8 5.9 6.0

Men, 16 years and over.............................. 6,794 6,486 6,650 8.3 8.0 8.0 7.9 7.9 8.0

16 to 19 years...................................... 730 739 772 25.6 27.1 26.8 26.6 25.9 26.4

16 to 17 years.................................... 299 231 306 32.6 30.0 28.3 31.4 25.1 31.3

18 to 19 years.................................... 430 508 456 22.4 25.7 26.4 23.8 26.3 23.7

20 years and over.................................. 6,065 5,746 5,877 7.7 7.3 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.3

20 to 24 years.................................... 1,163 1,108 1,276 14.3 13.7 13.8 12.6 13.5 15.3

25 years and over............................... 4,886 4,620 4,668 6.9 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.5 6.5

25 to 54 years................................. 3,883 3,525 3,575 7.2 6.7 6.8 6.7 6.5 6.6

25 to 34 years.............................. 1,602 1,411 1,411 8.9 8.0 8.1 7.9 7.7 7.7

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,129 1,087 1,084 6.4 6.1 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.2

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,152 1,027 1,079 6.2 6.1 6.3 6.1 5.7 5.9

55 years and over............................. 1,003 1,095 1,093 6.0 6.4 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.2

Women, 16 years and over.......................... 5,953 5,721 5,682 8.2 7.5 7.7 7.6 7.8 7.8

16 to 19 years...................................... 612 615 608 21.2 20.2 20.4 20.5 21.2 20.5

16 to 17 years.................................... 250 259 269 25.8 21.4 22.0 25.3 26.6 25.7

18 to 19 years.................................... 368 364 344 19.1 19.5 18.8 17.0 18.9 17.9

20 years and over.................................. 5,341 5,105 5,074 7.7 7.0 7.2 7.0 7.3 7.3

20 to 24 years.................................... 875 1,042 962 12.1 10.9 12.5 12.6 13.9 13.1

25 years and over............................... 4,443 4,105 4,094 7.1 6.5 6.6 6.3 6.6 6.6

25 to 54 years................................. 3,576 3,252 3,208 7.6 6.8 6.9 6.7 6.9 6.8

25 to 34 years.............................. 1,358 1,200 1,183 8.9 8.2 8.3 7.9 7.7 7.7

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,122 1,071 1,031 7.4 6.4 6.6 6.4 7.1 6.9

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,097 981 994 6.5 6.0 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.0

55 years and over1

........................... 890 794 915 5.9 5.6 5.5 5.0 5.1 5.9

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present....................... 2,350 2,173 2,120 5.1 4.7 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.6

Married women, spouse present.................... 2,017 1,916 1,890 5.5 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.2

Women who maintain families1

.................... 1,236 1,166 1,156 12.0 11.3 11.5 10.7 11.3 11.3

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2.................................... 11,009 10,422 10,555 8.8 8.3 8.3 8.1 8.3 8.3

Part-time workers3................................... 1,742 1,819 1,802 5.9 5.7 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.

3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time

jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Sept.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 8,234 6,592 7,575 7,292 6,489 6,536 6,429 6,408 6,637

On temporary layoff................................ 1,892 1,244 1,772 1,266 1,153 1,077 1,080 1,085 1,155

Not on temporary layoff............................ 6,342 5,348 5,803 6,026 5,335 5,460 5,349 5,323 5,483

Permanent job losers............................ 4,948 4,070 4,334 4,809 4,279 4,261 4,151 4,075 4,208

Persons who completed temporary jobs...... 1,395 1,278 1,469 1,217 1,056 1,199 1,198 1,248 1,275

Job leavers............................................. 957 933 1,014 932 962 1,009 926 983 981

Reentrants............................................. 3,276 3,228 3,497 3,301 3,313 3,319 3,325 3,587 3,515

New entrants.......................................... 1,074 1,092 1,095 1,258 1,253 1,302 1,326 1,291 1,287

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 60.8 55.7 57.5 57.0 54.0 53.7 53.5 52.2 53.4

On temporary layoff................................ 14.0 10.5 13.4 9.9 9.6 8.8 9.0 8.8 9.3

Not on temporary layoff............................ 46.8 45.2 44.0 47.1 44.4 44.9 44.6 43.4 44.1

Job leavers............................................. 7.1 7.9 7.7 7.3 8.0 8.3 7.7 8.0 7.9

Reentrants............................................. 24.2 27.3 26.5 25.8 27.6 27.3 27.7 29.2 28.3

New entrants.......................................... 7.9 9.2 8.3 9.8 10.4 10.7 11.0 10.5 10.4

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 5.4 4.3 4.9 4.7 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.3

Job leavers............................................. 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Reentrants............................................. 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.3

New entrants.......................................... 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Sept.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 2,923 2,678 3,246 2,495 2,535 2,633 2,596 2,676 2,766

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 3,106 2,732 3,316 2,874 2,825 2,847 2,757 2,838 3,028

15 weeks and over.................................... 7,512 6,435 6,618 7,466 6,736 6,829 6,604 6,661 6,566

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 1,915 1,817 1,854 1,944 1,866 1,813 1,820 1,895 1,858

27 weeks and over................................. 5,597 4,618 4,764 5,522 4,871 5,017 4,784 4,766 4,708

Average (mean) duration, in weeks................ 38.2 37.0 33.6 40.2 39.6 39.9 39.7 38.1 35.3

Median duration, in weeks........................... 19.2 18.1 14.7 20.8 18.7 19.6 18.9 18.0 16.0

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 21.6 22.6 24.6 19.4 21.0 21.4 21.7 22.0 22.4

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 22.9 23.1 25.2 22.4 23.4 23.1 23.1 23.3 24.5

15 weeks and over.................................... 55.5 54.3 50.2 58.2 55.7 55.5 55.2 54.7 53.1

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 14.1 15.3 14.1 15.1 15.4 14.7 15.2 15.6 15.0

27 weeks and over................................. 41.3 39.0 36.1 43.0 40.3 40.8 40.0 39.1 38.1

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2013

Total, 16 years and over1............................................. 139,944 141,614 13,541 13,181 8.8 8.5

Management, professional, and related occupations............ 53,152 54,214 2,410 2,211 4.3 3.9

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations...................................................... 22,255 22,580 1,044 950 4.5 4.0

Professional and related occupations........................... 30,897 31,634 1,366 1,261 4.2 3.8

Service occupations.................................................. 24,334 25,038 2,876 2,778 10.6 10.0

Sales and office occupations....................................... 33,305 33,181 2,972 3,070 8.2 8.5

Sales and related occupations................................... 15,585 15,254 1,398 1,423 8.2 8.5

Office and administrative support occupations................. 17,721 17,927 1,574 1,647 8.2 8.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations......................................................... 12,561 12,472 2,152 1,916 14.6 13.3

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations..................... 845 792 243 180 22.3 18.5

Construction and extraction occupations....................... 6,887 6,861 1,557 1,387 18.4 16.8

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............. 4,828 4,819 353 349 6.8 6.8

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations......................................................... 16,592 16,708 2,016 2,083 10.8 11.1

Production occupations........................................... 8,274 8,251 959 962 10.4 10.4

Transportation and material moving occupations.............. 8,318 8,457 1,057 1,121 11.3 11.7

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2013

Total, 16 years and over1................................................................ 13,541 13,181 8.8 8.5

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers................................... 10,736 10,435 9.0 8.6

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction..................................... 78 97 9.4 9.6

Construction........................................................................... 1,479 1,322 17.7 16.1

Manufacturing......................................................................... 1,283 1,206 8.4 7.9

Durable goods...................................................................... 796 683 8.3 7.1

Nondurable goods................................................................. 487 523 8.6 9.1

Wholesale and retail trade.......................................................... 1,906 1,679 9.3 8.2

Transportation and utilities.......................................................... 400 474 7.0 7.7

Information............................................................................ 227 236 7.9 8.2

Financial activities.................................................................... 462 507 4.9 5.5

Professional and business services................................................ 1,441 1,575 9.5 10.4

Education and health services...................................................... 1,214 1,205 5.5 5.4

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 1,647 1,612 12.6 12.0

Other services........................................................................ 601 521 9.3 7.9

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers.......................... 259 166 17.6 13.1

Government workers.................................................................... 890 912 4.2 4.2

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............. 582 573 5.8 5.8

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Sept.

2012

Oct.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012

Jan.

2013

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as

a percent of the civilian labor force.............. 4.9 4.2 4.3 4.8 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.2

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force........................................... 5.4 4.3 4.9 4.7 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.3

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate).................................................. 8.8 7.6 8.5 8.3 7.8 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.9

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

discouraged workers............................... 9.4 8.3 9.0 8.9 8.3 8.4 8.3 8.5 8.4

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers,

plus all other persons marginally attached to

the labor force, as a percent of the civilian

labor force plus all persons marginally attached

to the labor force................................... 10.5 9.2 9.9 9.9 9.3 9.3 9.2 9.4 9.3

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic reasons,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all

persons marginally attached to the labor

force.................................................. 16.2 14.4 15.4 15.1 14.7 14.5 14.4 14.4 14.4

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are

available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a

job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for

full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2013

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force............................................. 88,784 89,868 35,510 35,783 53,274 54,085

Persons who currently want a job.................................. 6,495 6,781 3,073 3,221 3,422 3,559

Marginally attached to the labor force1........................ 2,809 2,443 1,452 1,323 1,356 1,120

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 1,059 804 638 516 421 288

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . .. 1,749 1,639 814 806 936 832

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4

............................................. 6,830 6,738 3,372 3,285 3,459 3,453

Percent of total employed........................................... 4.9 4.8 4.6 4.4 5.2 5.2

Primary job full time, secondary job part time.................... 3,441 3,524 1,985 1,924 1,456 1,600

Primary and secondary jobs both part time....................... 1,878 1,786 603 544 1,275 1,242

Primary and secondary jobs both full time........................ 259 211 124 111 135 100

Hours vary on primary or secondary job.......................... 1,216 1,171 650 680 566 491

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week,

but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling

or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation

problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

Change

from:

Dec.2012 -

Jan.2013p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130,657 135,636 135,545 132,705 132,809 134,472 134,668 134,825 157

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108,847 113,284 113,310 110,965 110,871 112,593 112,795 112,961 166

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,796 18,571 18,407 18,036 18,314 18,464 18,508 18,544 36

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 824 853 854 845 844 853 859 863 4

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.0 51.7 51.6 48.2 50.0 50.7 51.1 49.4 -1.7

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 775.1 800.8 802.5 797.1 793.6 802.0 808.0 813.9 5.9

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180.5 188.8 191.1 192.4 181.9 190.0 192.2 193.7 1.5

Mining, except oil and gas1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213.3 221.7 218.0 213.4 224.7 221.6 222.4 223.9 1.5

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.3 82.5 81.6 81.7 89.7 83.0 82.0 82.0 0.0

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381.3 390.3 393.4 391.3 387.0 390.4 393.4 396.3 2.9

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,237 5,779 5,617 5,345 5,629 5,673 5,703 5,731 28

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,180.4 1,263.0 1,243.7 1,189.6 1,232.0 1,241.4 1,243.4 1,241.4 -2.0

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545.3 584.2 575.7 547.0 572.6 574.2 574.4 575.1 0.7

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635.1 678.8 668.0 642.6 659.4 667.2 669.0 666.3 -2.7

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . . 752.3 908.7 847.7 779.5 860.5 880.2 883.0 887.0 4.0

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,304.3 3,606.9 3,526.0 3,375.5 3,536.5 3,551.4 3,576.5 3,602.7 26.2

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . 1,361.7 1,512.5 1,471.9 1,413.5 1,465.0 1,489.8 1,501.9 1,515.7 13.8

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . . 1,942.6 2,094.4 2,054.1 1,962.0 2,071.5 2,061.6 2,074.6 2,087.0 12.4

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,735 11,939 11,936 11,846 11,841 11,938 11,946 11,950 4

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,348 7,479 7,489 7,445 7,400 7,483 7,491 7,494 3

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330.7 342.5 342.1 337.9 337.4 343.5 343.5 344.4 0.9

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352.7 364.7 359.5 347.9 367.6 362.1 363.7 361.8 -1.9

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399.0 398.9 397.3 397.1 400.0 399.3 398.5 398.4 -0.1

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,378.9 1,423.7 1,422.8 1,417.8 1,387.2 1,423.2 1,424.0 1,425.0 1.0

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,083.5 1,096.6 1,102.4 1,095.5 1,086.9 1,098.2 1,099.9 1,098.6 -1.3

Computer and electronic products1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,096.1 1,083.2 1,088.2 1,084.9 1,098.5 1,085.3 1,086.8 1,087.6 0.8

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . . 157.3 158.2 158.9 159.3 157.8 158.5 158.5 159.7 1.2

Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.3 108.3 108.7 107.6 111.3 108.1 108.2 107.6 -0.6

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384.5 380.0 383.0 382.6 385.2 381.1 383.1 383.6 0.5

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401.2 395.8 397.0 395.2 402.3 397.2 396.8 396.4 -0.4

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . . 367.9 368.9 369.4 365.9 368.6 369.9 368.5 366.8 -1.7

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,420.9 1,473.2 1,477.4 1,473.9 1,425.4 1,472.9 1,474.9 1,477.7 2.8

Motor vehicles and parts2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 746.0 784.5 788.2 786.5 749.0 784.6 786.5 789.0 2.5

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344.4 346.9 347.5 345.3 349.6 349.6 349.8 350.7 0.9

Miscellaneous durable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 574.0 580.6 582.0 578.8 578.7 578.7 581.6 583.2 1.6

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,387 4,460 4,447 4,401 4,441 4,455 4,455 4,456 1

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,428.5 1,474.2 1,460.9 1,434.4 1,454.6 1,466.8 1,463.4 1,462.6 -0.8

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.6 117.3 116.1 115.4 119.4 117.1 116.8 116.5 -0.3

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.6 117.2 117.9 116.7 115.3 117.3 117.8 118.0 0.2

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146.4 147.5 148.1 146.6 149.8 147.8 148.7 149.3 0.6

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381.7 376.7 376.6 374.9 382.0 376.8 376.0 375.4 -0.6

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . . 463.2 457.7 457.7 453.5 467.1 457.2 456.9 457.1 0.2

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108.6 115.1 112.9 112.5 113.2 114.7 115.2 116.7 1.5

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 781.4 782.7 786.9 786.5 783.4 785.7 786.7 788.1 1.4

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 631.8 648.1 648.9 644.2 637.5 648.9 649.4 650.2 0.8

Miscellaneous nondurable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212.8 223.2 221.0 216.2 218.4 222.7 223.6 222.3 -1.3

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91,051 94,713 94,903 92,929 92,557 94,129 94,287 94,417 130

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,169 26,208 26,435 25,626 25,372 25,720 25,781 25,815 34

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,569.6 5,719.8 5,724.3 5,678.0 5,623.0 5,708.8 5,715.1 5,729.9 14.8

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,790.7 2,839.2 2,850.8 2,829.4 2,810.1 2,839.5 2,847.3 2,848.6 1.3

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,926.8 1,996.7 1,994.6 1,975.7 1,954.6 1,988.9 1,991.5 2,002.4 10.9

Electronic markets and agents and brokers.. . 852.1 883.9 878.9 872.9 858.3 880.4 876.3 878.9 2.6

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,728.9 15,430.3 15,543.1 14,951.1 14,829.0 14,997.9 15,009.1 15,041.7 32.6

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,691.2 1,745.3 1,736.9 1,725.5 1,721.5 1,748.1 1,749.1 1,755.7 6.6

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,069.2 1,101.8 1,098.8 1,096.8 1,080.9 1,102.3 1,104.5 1,108.8 4.3

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . . 444.3 465.1 471.2 455.5 439.4 445.7 446.9 449.6 2.7

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

Change

from:

Dec.2012 -

Jan.2013p

Retail trade - Continued

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 521.6 541.3 538.0 525.4 518.2 513.8 514.6 519.7 5.1

Building material and garden supply stores.. . 1,100.6 1,143.8 1,138.6 1,115.5 1,160.3 1,174.0 1,176.2 1,176.3 0.1

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,826.0 2,904.3 2,914.7 2,882.3 2,841.0 2,879.6 2,889.1 2,895.8 6.7

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 990.6 1,030.5 1,036.9 1,022.2 990.8 1,017.3 1,018.1 1,021.4 3.3

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 825.2 846.4 844.5 832.2 837.2 844.3 845.6 844.6 -1.0

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . . 1,375.8 1,598.3 1,626.8 1,476.8 1,377.4 1,460.1 1,461.4 1,471.4 10.0

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 569.1 617.2 617.4 582.3 562.2 578.3 576.3 577.3 1.0

General merchandise stores1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,172.9 3,243.5 3,314.3 3,101.5 3,156.7 3,090.3 3,084.6 3,083.2 -1.4

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,605.4 1,587.2 1,640.6 1,499.9 1,577.1 1,479.3 1,473.6 1,471.3 -2.3

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 764.9 823.2 822.3 786.1 780.6 807.8 805.1 803.8 -1.3

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446.7 471.4 481.5 445.8 443.7 438.6 442.1 442.9 0.8

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,319.5 4,505.7 4,613.4 4,442.6 4,366.5 4,459.0 4,501.5 4,487.3 -14.2

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457.9 451.2 449.7 442.8 460.3 454.8 450.2 445.3 -4.9

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228.9 230.2 230.0 229.2 231.1 230.0 230.7 231.3 0.6

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.9 62.6 62.4 60.8 62.3 63.6 62.9 62.4 -0.5

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,299.5 1,376.7 1,368.2 1,347.1 1,327.7 1,366.7 1,370.1 1,375.1 5.0

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457.7 474.9 478.5 477.5 446.5 458.0 461.8 464.8 3.0

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.7 43.7 44.6 44.5 43.5 44.0 44.4 44.3 -0.1

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . . 19.3 24.2 22.9 18.7 27.1 26.6 27.3 26.6 -0.7

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . . 568.6 585.0 592.7 588.3 573.3 583.1 589.5 592.0 2.5

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 522.7 550.9 648.8 538.8 527.5 536.8 562.4 543.9 -18.5

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 660.3 706.3 715.6 694.9 667.2 695.4 702.2 701.6 -0.6

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551.1 552.6 553.9 554.1 553.1 554.7 555.0 556.2 1.2

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,639 2,693 2,696 2,661 2,670 2,685 2,682 2,691 9

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . 737.7 735.5 734.0 727.9 741.0 732.7 730.2 731.6 1.4

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333.3 389.1 393.3 364.4 356.6 386.0 388.3 388.0 -0.3

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283.8 285.5 286.8 284.8 284.8 284.3 285.4 285.6 0.2

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 869.2 854.9 852.5 856.5 869.2 854.1 850.1 855.0 4.9

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245.9 250.7 252.8 250.3 248.3 249.9 251.5 252.6 1.1

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168.7 177.7 176.5 177.0 169.7 177.8 176.0 177.9 1.9

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,683 7,821 7,847 7,789 7,730 7,822 7,831 7,837 6

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,784.0 5,871.5 5,891.4 5,865.7 5,794.9 5,865.2 5,873.4 5,876.3 2.9

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . . 17.2 17.3 17.5 17.4 17.3 17.3 17.4 17.5 0.1

Credit intermediation and related

activities1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,556.5 2,601.6 2,610.6 2,602.9 2,558.4 2,599.2 2,602.6 2,604.4 1.8

Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . . 1,735.1 1,738.7 1,742.6 1,740.7 1,736.5 1,741.2 1,739.5 1,741.6 2.1

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,317.9 1,315.7 1,316.4 1,315.5 1,319.3 1,318.6 1,314.8 1,317.4 2.6

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 808.7 817.2 819.9 818.1 811.4 814.4 818.5 821.0 2.5

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . . 2,315.6 2,348.2 2,356.2 2,340.5 2,321.6 2,347.2 2,348.4 2,346.4 -2.0

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles. . . 86.0 87.2 87.2 86.8 86.2 87.1 86.5 87.0 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,899.0 1,949.0 1,955.7 1,923.4 1,935.2 1,956.9 1,957.5 1,960.2 2.7

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,384.7 1,415.7 1,424.9 1,402.1 1,408.6 1,419.6 1,420.6 1,425.6 5.0

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489.8 509.3 506.8 498.0 502.0 513.6 513.3 511.1 -2.2

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . . 24.5 24.0 24.0 23.3 24.6 23.7 23.6 23.5 -0.1

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,337 18,266 18,209 17,799 17,677 18,117 18,119 18,144 25

Professional and technical services1

. . . . . . . . . . . 7,798.8 7,966.3 8,012.6 7,999.7 7,779.4 7,977.4 7,971.4 7,986.2 14.8

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,112.1 1,127.9 1,131.7 1,118.6 1,119.1 1,126.1 1,128.0 1,125.6 -2.4

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . . 1,001.7 866.1 894.8 983.1 906.2 911.7 888.9 892.1 3.2

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . 1,289.1 1,335.2 1,335.3 1,314.0 1,309.2 1,332.1 1,334.6 1,334.3 -0.3

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,567.4 1,662.1 1,665.7 1,654.9 1,575.8 1,655.2 1,659.6 1,664.2 4.6

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,079.6 1,152.9 1,157.1 1,140.8 1,094.1 1,141.8 1,144.0 1,155.5 11.5

Management of companies and enterprises. . . . 1,980.9 2,023.6 2,028.9 2,012.1 1,987.5 2,020.6 2,020.8 2,020.3 -0.5

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,557.3 8,276.0 8,167.9 7,787.1 7,910.5 8,119.3 8,126.5 8,137.0 10.5

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

Change

from:

Dec.2012 -

Jan.2013p

Administrative and waste services - Continued

Administrative and support services1. . . . . . . . 7,193.1 7,901.6 7,794.8 7,414.6 7,539.6 7,744.7 7,750.4 7,758.7 8.3

Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,899.5 3,324.4 3,304.8 3,047.2 3,057.9 3,201.6 3,206.6 3,204.2 -2.4

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,292.3 2,667.9 2,652.0 2,424.3 2,425.5 2,556.9 2,566.0 2,557.9 -8.1

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 829.1 850.8 856.6 837.2 825.7 834.1 833.5 834.3 0.8

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . . 1,652.1 1,850.4 1,766.7 1,680.0 1,817.0 1,841.6 1,839.7 1,844.8 5.1

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364.2 374.4 373.1 372.5 370.9 374.6 376.1 378.3 2.2

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,976 20,675 20,679 20,394 20,106 20,460 20,510 20,535 25

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,216.3 3,529.2 3,464.5 3,250.9 3,301.8 3,351.6 3,353.4 3,351.4 -2.0

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,759.8 17,145.4 17,214.8 17,142.6 16,803.9 17,108.0 17,156.1 17,183.7 27.6

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,121.2 14,439.1 14,500.1 14,443.3 14,163.9 14,419.7 14,460.7 14,483.5 22.8

Ambulatory health care services1

. . . . . . . . . 6,197.6 6,410.1 6,444.2 6,426.4 6,225.3 6,399.4 6,422.2 6,449.8 27.6

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,356.9 2,417.0 2,434.8 2,426.0 2,362.4 2,411.7 2,420.5 2,429.7 9.2

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 633.0 666.0 670.9 673.7 634.6 667.0 670.0 674.7 4.7

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,160.8 1,229.9 1,240.4 1,229.9 1,167.8 1,226.1 1,235.1 1,236.4 1.3

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,756.2 4,824.0 4,838.2 4,829.6 4,760.5 4,820.7 4,829.9 4,833.5 3.6

Nursing and residential care facilities1

. . . . 3,167.4 3,205.0 3,217.7 3,187.3 3,178.1 3,199.6 3,208.6 3,200.2 -8.4

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,662.9 1,664.4 1,667.0 1,654.6 1,666.7 1,660.9 1,662.5 1,659.3 -3.2

Social assistance1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,638.6 2,706.3 2,714.7 2,699.3 2,640.0 2,688.3 2,695.4 2,700.2 4.8

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 857.9 872.1 867.9 861.5 849.9 856.0 855.4 854.8 -0.6

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,904 13,598 13,588 13,254 13,585 13,861 13,894 13,917 23

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,723.1 1,829.7 1,827.0 1,761.1 1,952.5 1,979.6 1,983.8 1,989.5 5.7

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . . 356.4 394.2 396.4 370.7 400.7 407.9 413.8 415.2 1.4

Museums, historical sites, and similar

institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.7 131.7 130.2 124.4 136.0 137.0 137.1 136.7 -0.4

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . . 1,243.0 1,303.8 1,300.4 1,266.0 1,415.8 1,434.7 1,432.9 1,437.6 4.7

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,180.9 11,768.3 11,761.4 11,492.8 11,632.4 11,881.7 11,910.2 11,927.2 17.0

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,713.5 1,762.1 1,751.4 1,715.9 1,810.2 1,815.3 1,813.3 1,813.2 -0.1

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . . 9,467.4 10,006.2 10,010.0 9,776.9 9,822.2 10,066.4 10,096.9 10,114.0 17.1

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,343 5,452 5,449 5,406 5,417 5,464 5,470 5,478 8

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,172.6 1,193.4 1,191.8 1,183.9 1,189.9 1,197.3 1,199.5 1,200.8 1.3

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,280.8 1,326.2 1,329.0 1,313.6 1,301.3 1,327.0 1,329.4 1,333.5 4.1

Membership associations and organizations. . . . 2,889.5 2,932.7 2,928.2 2,908.1 2,925.6 2,939.4 2,940.7 2,943.5 2.8

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,810 22,352 22,235 21,740 21,938 21,879 21,873 21,864 -9

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,810.0 2,788.0 2,797.0 2,766.0 2,834.0 2,798.0 2,796.0 2,791.0 -5.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,191.8 2,188.4 2,188.9 2,165.6 2,214.9 2,196.7 2,193.7 2,189.3 -4.4

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 618.4 599.9 608.3 600.7 619.4 601.1 602.1 601.3 -0.8

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,944.0 5,222.0 5,143.0 4,947.0 5,042.0 5,047.0 5,044.0 5,046.0 2.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,278.4 2,576.4 2,498.7 2,303.9 2,364.3 2,390.5 2,389.4 2,392.1 2.7

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 2,665.7 2,645.7 2,644.1 2,642.9 2,677.6 2,656.3 2,655.0 2,654.3 -0.7

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,056.0 14,342.0 14,295.0 14,027.0 14,062.0 14,034.0 14,033.0 14,027.0 -6.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,908.2 8,103.0 8,104.1 7,878.6 7,796.3 7,762.7 7,764.7 7,760.0 -4.7

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 6,148.1 6,239.3 6,190.4 6,148.2 6,265.6 6,271.1 6,268.2 6,266.8 -1.4

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2012 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 34.5 34.4 34.4 34.4

Goods-producing..................................................................... 40.4 40.3 40.4 40.1

Mining and logging................................................................ 45.4 43.2 43.7 43.0

Construction........................................................................ 38.6 39.0 39.3 38.8

Manufacturing...................................................................... 40.9 40.7 40.7 40.6

Durable goods................................................................... 41.2 40.9 41.0 40.8

Nondurable goods............................................................... 40.3 40.2 40.4 40.2

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.4 33.3 33.3 33.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 34.7 34.6 34.4 34.3

Wholesale trade................................................................. 38.8 38.5 38.5 38.3

Retail trade....................................................................... 31.8 31.6 31.4 31.3

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 38.5 38.5 38.4 38.6

Utilities............................................................................ 41.3 42.6 41.9 41.7

Information.......................................................................... 36.7 36.4 36.5 36.2

Financial activities................................................................. 37.3 37.2 37.2 37.1

Professional and business services............................................. 35.8 35.9 36.0 36.0

Education and health services................................................... 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.9

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 26.2 26.0 26.1 26.0

Other services...................................................................... 31.7 31.5 31.4 31.4

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3

Durable goods........................................................................ 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2012 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

Total private................................................. $23.28 $23.67 $23.74 $23.78 $ 803.16 $ 814.25 $ 816.66 $ 818.03

Goods-producing........................................ 24.57 24.84 24.91 24.92 992.63 1,001.05 1,006.36 999.29

Mining and logging................................... 28.07 28.93 29.22 29.34 1,274.38 1,249.78 1,276.91 1,261.62

Construction........................................... 25.51 25.93 25.98 26.05 984.69 1,011.27 1,021.01 1,010.74

Manufacturing......................................... 23.87 24.03 24.08 24.06 976.28 978.02 980.06 976.84

Durable goods...................................... 25.32 25.41 25.48 25.49 1,043.18 1,039.27 1,044.68 1,039.99

Nondurable goods................................. 21.40 21.66 21.70 21.60 862.42 870.73 876.68 868.32

Private service-providing............................... 22.97 23.39 23.46 23.51 767.20 778.89 781.22 780.53

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 20.21 20.63 20.72 20.75 701.29 713.80 712.77 711.73

Wholesale trade.................................... 26.50 27.20 27.38 27.31 1,028.20 1,047.20 1,054.13 1,045.97

Retail trade.......................................... 16.03 16.37 16.46 16.49 509.75 517.29 516.84 516.14

Transportation and warehousing................. 21.93 21.98 21.94 22.10 844.31 846.23 842.50 853.06

Utilities............................................... 33.65 35.14 35.00 35.10 1,389.75 1,496.96 1,466.50 1,463.67

Information............................................. 31.63 31.85 32.09 32.09 1,160.82 1,159.34 1,171.29 1,161.66

Financial activities.................................... 28.60 29.66 29.73 29.82 1,066.78 1,103.35 1,105.96 1,106.32

Professional and business services................ 27.87 28.22 28.31 28.40 997.75 1,013.10 1,019.16 1,022.40

Education and health services...................... 24.05 24.40 24.46 24.48 788.84 800.32 802.29 805.39

Leisure and hospitality............................... 13.32 13.39 13.38 13.37 348.98 348.14 349.22 347.62

Other services......................................... 20.63 21.01 21.08 21.14 653.97 661.82 661.91 663.80

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2012 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

Percent

change

from:

Dec.

2012 -

Jan.

2013p

Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

Percent

change

from:

Dec.

2012 -

Jan.

2013p

Total private....................................... 95.8 97.0 97.2 97.3 0.1 106.4 109.5 110.0 110.4 0.4

Goods-producing............................... 84.3 84.8 85.2 84.7 -0.6 93.6 95.2 95.9 95.4 -0.5

Mining and logging.......................... 120.4 115.8 118.0 116.6 -1.2 135.7 134.5 138.4 137.4 -0.7

Construction.................................. 74.9 76.3 77.3 76.7 -0.8 83.0 85.9 87.2 86.8 -0.5

Manufacturing................................ 87.1 87.4 87.5 87.3 -0.2 96.7 97.7 98.0 97.7 -0.3

Durable goods............................ 85.8 86.2 86.5 86.1 -0.5 96.5 97.2 97.9 97.5 -0.4

Nondurable goods........................ 89.3 89.4 89.8 89.4 -0.4 97.0 98.2 98.9 98.0 -0.9

Private service-providing...................... 99.2 100.6 100.8 100.6 -0.2 110.4 114.0 114.5 114.6 0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 95.8 96.8 96.5 96.3 -0.2 104.2 107.5 107.6 107.6 0.0

Wholesale trade........................... 95.2 95.9 96.0 95.8 -0.2 105.3 108.9 109.7 109.1 -0.5

Retail trade................................ 95.8 96.3 95.7 95.6 -0.1 101.5 104.2 104.2 104.3 0.1

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 96.2 98.3 98.9 99.1 0.2 107.1 109.6 110.2 111.2 0.9

Utilities..................................... 98.8 102.2 100.6 100.4 -0.2 109.9 118.7 116.4 116.4 0.0

Information................................... 89.5 89.3 89.4 89.0 -0.4 100.8 101.2 102.2 101.7 -0.5

Financial activities........................... 94.4 95.3 95.4 95.2 -0.2 105.3 110.2 110.6 110.8 0.2

Professional and business services....... 99.5 102.3 102.6 102.7 0.1 112.4 117.0 117.7 118.2 0.4

Education and health services............. 107.4 109.3 109.5 110.0 0.5 121.0 124.9 125.5 126.1 0.5

Leisure and hospitality...................... 101.6 102.8 103.5 103.2 -0.3 109.1 111.1 111.7 111.4 -0.3

Other services............................... 95.1 95.4 95.2 95.3 0.1 111.4 113.7 113.8 114.3 0.4

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2012 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

Total nonfarm............................................... 65,572 66,398 66,446 66,548 49.4 49.4 49.3 49.4

Total private.............................................. 53,049 53,922 53,978 54,088 47.8 47.9 47.9 47.9

Goods-producing...................................... 4,066 4,100 4,095 4,102 22.2 22.2 22.1 22.1

Mining and logging................................. 111 115 115 116 13.2 13.5 13.4 13.4

Construction........................................ 716 730 729 734 12.7 12.9 12.8 12.8

Manufacturing....................................... 3,239 3,255 3,251 3,252 27.4 27.3 27.2 27.2

Durable goods................................... 1,720 1,731 1,733 1,735 23.2 23.1 23.1 23.2

Nondurable goods............................... 1,519 1,524 1,518 1,517 34.2 34.2 34.1 34.0

Private service-providing............................. 48,983 49,822 49,883 49,986 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities............... 10,204 10,389 10,405 10,426 40.2 40.4 40.4 40.4

Wholesale trade................................. 1,691.4 1,708.0 1,705.8 1,710.4 30.1 29.9 29.8 29.9

Retail trade....................................... 7,359.0 7,502.1 7,514.1 7,531.1 49.6 50.0 50.1 50.1

Transportation and warehousing.............. 1,017.2 1,040.6 1,047.2 1,045.8 23.3 23.3 23.3 23.3

Utilities............................................ 136.5 138.2 137.9 138.9 24.7 24.9 24.8 25.0

Information.......................................... 1,079 1,074 1,075 1,085 40.4 40.0 40.1 40.3

Financial activities.................................. 4,497 4,536 4,530 4,535 58.2 58.0 57.8 57.9

Professional and business services............. 7,826 8,010 8,008 8,031 44.3 44.2 44.2 44.3

Education and health services................... 15,428 15,703 15,739 15,771 76.7 76.7 76.7 76.8

Leisure and hospitality............................. 7,102 7,234 7,249 7,255 52.3 52.2 52.2 52.1

Other services...................................... 2,847 2,876 2,877 2,883 52.6 52.6 52.6 52.6

Government.............................................. 12,523 12,476 12,468 12,460 57.1 57.0 57.0 57.0

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2012 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

Total private................................................................................ 91,555 93,041 93,212 93,300

Goods-producing........................................................................ 13,240 13,306 13,337 13,378

Mining and logging................................................................... 640 638 640 639

Construction........................................................................... 4,272 4,265 4,297 4,338

Manufacturing......................................................................... 8,328 8,403 8,400 8,401

Durable goods...................................................................... 5,092 5,161 5,163 5,165

Nondurable goods................................................................. 3,236 3,242 3,237 3,236

Private service-providing............................................................... 78,315 79,735 79,875 79,922

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................................................. 21,506 21,825 21,879 21,868

Wholesale trade.................................................................... 4,520.9 4,603.7 4,613.3 4,623.5

Retail trade......................................................................... 12,780.2 12,913.0 12,917.7 12,916.8

Transportation and warehousing................................................. 3,764.0 3,863.3 3,902.7 3,881.5

Utilities............................................................................... 440.5 444.7 445.0 446.3

Information............................................................................ 2,148 2,172 2,173 2,176

Financial activities.................................................................... 5,935 6,021 6,029 6,031

Professional and business services................................................ 14,556 14,972 14,974 14,974

Education and health services...................................................... 17,637 17,941 17,978 18,007

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 11,989 12,234 12,273 12,287

Other services........................................................................ 4,544 4,570 4,569 4,579

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2012 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 33.8 33.7 33.7 33.6

Goods-producing..................................................................... 41.3 41.1 41.2 41.0

Mining and logging................................................................ 47.9 45.4 45.9 44.1

Construction........................................................................ 39.2 39.5 39.6 39.3

Manufacturing...................................................................... 41.8 41.6 41.7 41.6

Durable goods................................................................... 42.2 41.9 42.0 41.9

Nondurable goods............................................................... 41.1 41.1 41.3 41.1

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 33.9 33.8 33.7 33.6

Wholesale trade................................................................. 38.6 38.6 38.6 38.6

Retail trade....................................................................... 30.8 30.5 30.4 30.1

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 37.8 38.2 38.1 38.3

Utilities............................................................................ 40.9 42.2 40.9 40.8

Information.......................................................................... 36.2 35.8 35.7 35.5

Financial activities................................................................. 36.6 36.9 36.9 36.6

Professional and business services............................................. 35.3 35.2 35.3 35.3

Education and health services................................................... 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 25.0 24.9 24.9 24.9

Other services...................................................................... 30.8 30.5 30.5 30.5

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.2

Durable goods........................................................................ 4.4 4.1 4.2 4.2

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.2

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2012 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

Total private................................................. $19.61 $19.88 $19.92 $19.97 $ 662.82 $ 669.96 $ 671.30 $ 670.99

Goods-producing........................................ 20.79 21.05 21.10 21.13 858.63 865.16 869.32 866.33

Mining and logging................................... 24.85 26.13 26.20 26.27 1,190.32 1,186.30 1,202.58 1,158.51

Construction........................................... 23.73 24.08 24.14 24.18 930.22 951.16 955.94 950.27

Manufacturing......................................... 19.03 19.17 19.19 19.23 795.45 797.47 800.22 799.97

Durable goods...................................... 20.16 20.25 20.31 20.33 850.75 848.48 853.02 851.83

Nondurable goods................................. 17.20 17.40 17.38 17.44 706.92 715.14 717.79 716.78

Private service-providing............................... 19.35 19.63 19.67 19.72 628.88 637.98 639.28 638.93

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 17.28 17.49 17.50 17.56 585.79 591.16 589.75 590.02

Wholesale trade.................................... 22.09 22.40 22.48 22.45 852.67 864.64 867.73 866.57

Retail trade.......................................... 13.68 13.84 13.84 13.91 421.34 422.12 420.74 418.69

Transportation and warehousing................. 19.61 19.44 19.43 19.48 741.26 742.61 740.28 746.08

Utilities............................................... 31.07 32.18 31.83 31.97 1,270.76 1,358.00 1,301.85 1,304.38

Information............................................. 26.78 27.24 27.47 27.78 969.44 975.19 980.68 986.19

Financial activities.................................... 22.39 23.21 23.34 23.37 819.47 856.45 861.25 855.34

Professional and business services................ 23.12 23.40 23.45 23.51 816.14 823.68 827.79 829.90

Education and health services...................... 21.00 21.19 21.24 21.26 678.30 684.44 686.05 686.70

Leisure and hospitality............................... 11.56 11.65 11.66 11.64 289.00 290.09 290.33 289.84

Other services......................................... 17.43 17.71 17.75 17.79 536.84 540.16 541.38 542.60

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2012 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

Percent

change

from:

Dec.

2012 -

Jan.

2013p

Jan.

2012

Nov.

2012

Dec.

2012p

Jan.

2013p

Percent

change

from:

Dec.

2012 -

Jan.

2013p

Total private....................................... 103.3 104.7 104.8 104.6 -0.2 135.3 138.9 139.5 139.5 0.0

Goods-producing............................... 83.6 83.6 84.0 83.8 -0.2 106.4 107.7 108.5 108.5 0.0

Mining and logging.......................... 162.9 153.9 156.1 149.8 -4.0 235.4 233.9 237.9 228.8 -3.8

Construction.................................. 83.8 84.4 85.2 85.4 0.2 107.4 109.7 111.1 111.5 0.4

Manufacturing................................ 79.9 80.2 80.4 80.2 -0.2 99.5 100.6 100.9 100.9 0.0

Durable goods............................ 80.7 81.3 81.5 81.3 -0.2 101.6 102.7 103.3 103.2 -0.1

Nondurable goods........................ 78.4 78.5 78.8 78.4 -0.5 95.2 96.5 96.7 96.6 -0.1

Private service-providing...................... 108.6 110.6 110.8 110.5 -0.3 144.0 148.8 149.3 149.4 0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 101.6 102.8 102.8 102.4 -0.4 125.3 128.3 128.3 128.3 0.0

Wholesale trade........................... 102.8 104.7 104.9 105.1 0.2 133.7 138.1 138.9 139.0 0.1

Retail trade................................ 99.6 99.7 99.4 98.4 -1.0 116.8 118.3 117.9 117.3 -0.5

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 107.1 111.1 111.9 111.9 0.0 133.2 137.0 138.0 138.3 0.2

Utilities..................................... 92.1 96.0 93.1 93.1 0.0 119.5 128.9 123.7 124.3 0.5

Information................................... 88.7 88.7 88.5 88.2 -0.3 117.7 119.7 120.4 121.3 0.7

Financial activities........................... 102.3 104.6 104.7 103.9 -0.8 140.9 149.4 150.4 149.4 -0.7

Professional and business services....... 115.2 118.1 118.5 118.5 0.0 158.4 164.5 165.3 165.7 0.2

Education and health services............. 122.9 125.0 125.3 125.5 0.2 169.7 174.1 174.9 175.4 0.3

Leisure and hospitality...................... 109.8 111.6 111.9 112.1 0.2 144.1 147.6 148.2 148.1 -0.1

Other services............................... 98.2 97.8 97.7 97.9 0.2 124.7 126.1 126.4 127.0 0.5

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2012 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.