For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Friday, May 21, 2021 USDL-21-0907

Technical information: 

 Employment: sminfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/sae 

 Unemployment: lausinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/lau

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

STATE EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT — APRIL 2021

Unemployment rates were lower in April in 12 states and the District of Columbia and stable in 38 

states, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Forty-eight states and the District had jobless 

rate decreases from a year earlier and two states had little change. The national unemployment rate, 6.1

percent, was little changed over the month, but was 8.7 percentage points lower than in April 2020.

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 9 states and the District of Columbia, decreased in 2 states, 

and was essentially unchanged in 39 states in April 2021. Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment 

increased in all states and the District.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly programs. The civilian labor force and 

unemployment data are modeled based largely on a survey of households. These data pertain to 

individuals by where they reside. The employment data are from an establishment survey that measures 

nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. These data pertain to jobs on payrolls defined by 

where the establishments are located. For more information about the concepts and statistical 

methodologies used by these two programs, see the Technical Note.

Unemployment

Hawaii had the highest unemployment rate in April, 8.5 percent, followed by California, 8.3 percent, 

and New Mexico and New York, 8.2 percent each. Nebraska, New Hampshire, South Dakota, and Utah 

had the lowest rates, 2.8 percent each. In total, 27 states had unemployment rates lower than the U.S. 

figure of 6.1 percent, 11 states and the District of Columbia had higher rates, and 12 states had rates that 

were not appreciably different from that of the nation. (See tables A and 1 and map 1.)

In April, Rhode Island had the largest over-the-month unemployment rate decrease (-0.7 percentage 

point), followed by Hawaii (-0.6 point) and Virginia (-0.4 point). Thirty-eight states had jobless rates 

that were not notably different from those of a month earlier, though some had changes that were at least 

as large numerically as the significant changes. (See table B.)

The largest unemployment rate decrease from April 2020 occurred in Nevada (-21.5 percentage points).

The next largest over-the-year jobless rate decrease was in Michigan (-18.7 percentage points), with 

another 10 states experiencing declines of 10.0 points or more. (See table C.)
-2-

Nonfarm Payroll Employment

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 9 states and the District of Columbia, decreased in 2 states, 

and was essentially unchanged in 39 states in April 2021. The largest job gains occurred in California 

(+101,800), New York (+29,200), and Colorado (+17,000). The largest percentage increase occurred in 

Hawaii (+1.8 percent), followed by the District of Columbia and Vermont (+0.7 percent each). 

Employment decreased in Michigan (-19,200, or -0.5 percent) and Alabama (-12,400, or -0.6 percent). 

(See tables D and 3.)

Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment increased in all states and the District of Columbia. The 

largest job increases occurred in California (+1,302,100), New York (+1,029,800), and Texas 

(+1,007,100). The largest percentage increases occurred in Michigan (+21.1 percent), Nevada (+17.6 

percent), and Rhode Island (+17.1 percent). (See table E and map 2.)

_____________

The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment news release for April is scheduled to be 

released on Wednesday, June 2, 2021, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). The State Employment and 

Unemployment news release for May is scheduled to be released on Wednesday, June 23, 2021, at 

10:00 a.m. (ET).
-3-

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Impact on April 2021

Establishment and Household Survey Data

BLS has continued to review all estimation and methodological procedures for the establishment survey, 

which included the review of data, estimation processes, the application of the birth-death model, and 

seasonal adjustment. Business births and deaths cannot be adequately captured by the establishment 

survey as they occur. Therefore, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program uses a model to 

account for the relatively stable net employment change generated by business births and deaths. Due to 

the impact of COVID-19, the relationship between business births and deaths is no longer stable. 

Typically, reports with zero employment are not included in estimation. For the March final and April 

preliminary estimates, CES included a portion of these reports in the estimates and made modifications 

to the birth-death model. In addition for both months, the establishment survey included a portion of the 

reports that returned to reporting positive employment from reporting zero employment. For more 

information, see www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbd.htm.

In the establishment survey, workers who are paid by their employer for all or any part of the pay period 

including the 12th of the month are counted as employed, even if they were not actually at their jobs. 

Workers who are temporarily or permanently absent from their jobs and are not being paid are not 

counted as employed, even if they are continuing to receive benefits. The length of the reference period 

does vary across the respondents in the establishment survey; one-third of businesses have a weekly pay 

period, slightly over 40 percent a bi-weekly, about 20 percent semi-monthly, and a small amount 

monthly.

For the April 2021 estimates of household employment and unemployment from the Local Area 

Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program, BLS continued to implement level-shift outliers in the 

employment and/or unemployment inputs to the models, based on statistical evaluation of movements in 

each area's inputs. Both the Current Population Survey inputs, which serve as the primary inputs to the 

LAUS models, and the nonfarm payroll employment and unemployment insurance claims covariates 

were examined for outliers. The resulting implementation of level shifts preserved movements in the 

published estimates that the models otherwise would have discounted, without requiring changes to how 

the models create estimates at other points in the time series.

The "Frequently asked questions" document at www.bls.gov/covid19/employment-situation-covid19-

faq-april-2021.htm extensively discusses the impact of a misclassification in the household survey on 

the national estimates for April 2021. Despite the considerable decline in its degree relative to prior 

months, this misclassification continued to be widespread geographically, with BLS analysis indicating 

that most states again were affected to at least some extent. However, according to usual practice, the 

data from the household survey are accepted as recorded. To maintain data integrity, no ad hoc actions 

are taken to reclassify survey responses. Hence, the household survey estimates of employed and 

unemployed people that serve as the primary inputs to the state models were affected to varying degrees 

by the misclassification, which in turn affected the official LAUS estimates for April 2021.

Household data for Puerto Rico are not modeled, but rather are derived from a monthly household 

survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Due to the effects of the pandemic and efforts to 

contain the virus, Puerto Rico had not been able to conduct its household survey for March or April 

2020. Since data collection resumed effective May 2020, the Puerto Rico Department of Labor has 
-4-

reported a misclassification in its household survey similar in nature to the misclassification in the 

Current Population Survey.
-5-

State Rate p

United States 1 ................................................ 6.1

Alabama ........................................................... 3.6

Arkansas .......................................................... 4.4

California .......................................................... 8.3

Connecticut ....................................................... 8.1

District of Columbia ........................................... 7.5

Florida .............................................................. 4.8

Georgia ............................................................ 4.3

Hawaii .............................................................. 8.5

Idaho ................................................................ 3.1

Illinois ............................................................... 7.1

Indiana ............................................................. 3.9

Iowa ................................................................. 3.8

Kansas ............................................................. 3.5

Kentucky .......................................................... 4.7

Louisiana .......................................................... 7.3

Maine ............................................................... 4.8

Michigan ........................................................... 4.9

Minnesota ......................................................... 4.1

Missouri ............................................................ 4.1

Montana ............................................................ 3.7

Nebraska .......................................................... 2.8

Nevada ............................................................. 8.0

New Hampshire ................................................. 2.8

New Jersey ....................................................... 7.5

New Mexico ....................................................... 8.2

New York .......................................................... 8.2

North Carolina ................................................... 5.0

North Dakota ..................................................... 4.2

Ohio ................................................................. 4.7

Oklahoma .......................................................... 4.3

Pennsylvania ..................................................... 7.4

South Carolina .................................................. 5.0

South Dakota .................................................... 2.8

Tennessee ........................................................ 5.0

Texas ................................................................ 6.7

Utah ................................................................. 2.8

Vermont ............................................................ 2.9

Virginia ............................................................. 4.7

Wisconsin ......................................................... 3.9

1

 Data are not preliminary.

p

 = preliminary.

Table A. States with unemployment rates significantly different from that

of the U.S., April 2021, seasonally adjusted
-6-

Table B. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from March 2021

to April 2021, seasonally adjusted

March 2021 April 2021 p

Alabama ..................................... 3.8 3.6 -0.2

District of Columbia ..................... 7.7 7.5 -.2

Georgia ...................................... 4.5 4.3 -.2

Hawaii ........................................ 9.1 8.5 -.6

Kansas ....................................... 3.7 3.5 -.2

Kentucky .................................... 5.0 4.7 -.3

Massachusetts ............................. 6.7 6.5 -.2

Nebraska .................................... 2.9 2.8 -.1

New York .................................... 8.4 8.2 -.2

North Dakota ............................... 4.4 4.2 -.2

Rhode Island ............................... 7.0 6.3 -.7

Texas .......................................... 6.9 6.7 -.2

Virginia ....................................... 5.1 4.7 -.4

p

 = preliminary.

State

Rate Over-the-month 

change p
-7-

Table C. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from April 2020

to April 2021, seasonally adjusted

April 2020 April 2021 p

Alabama ..................................... 13.2 3.6 -9.6

Alaska ........................................ 11.8 6.7 -5.1

Arizona ....................................... 14.2 6.7 -7.5

Arkansas .................................... 10.0 4.4 -5.6

California .................................... 16.0 8.3 -7.7

Colorado ..................................... 12.1 6.4 -5.7

Delaware .................................... 13.4 6.4 -7.0

District of Columbia ..................... 11.1 7.5 -3.6

Florida ........................................ 14.0 4.8 -9.2

Georgia ...................................... 12.5 4.3 -8.2

Hawaii ........................................ 21.9 8.5 -13.4

Idaho .......................................... 11.6 3.1 -8.5

Illinois ......................................... 16.5 7.1 -9.4

Indiana ....................................... 16.9 3.9 -13.0

Iowa ........................................... 11.1 3.8 -7.3

Kansas ....................................... 12.6 3.5 -9.1

Kentucky .................................... 16.9 4.7 -12.2

Louisiana .................................... 13.1 7.3 -5.8

Maine ......................................... 9.1 4.8 -4.3

Maryland ..................................... 9.0 6.2 -2.8

Massachusetts ............................. 16.4 6.5 -9.9

Michigan ..................................... 23.6 4.9 -18.7

Minnesota ................................... 9.0 4.1 -4.9

Mississippi .................................. 15.7 6.2 -9.5

Missouri ...................................... 12.5 4.1 -8.4

Montana ...................................... 11.9 3.7 -8.2

Nebraska .................................... 7.4 2.8 -4.6

Nevada ....................................... 29.5 8.0 -21.5

New Hampshire ........................... 16.0 2.8 -13.2

New Jersey ................................. 16.6 7.5 -9.1

New Mexico ................................. 10.0 8.2 -1.8

New York .................................... 16.2 8.2 -8.0

North Carolina ............................. 13.5 5.0 -8.5

North Dakota ............................... 8.7 4.2 -4.5

Ohio ........................................... 16.4 4.7 -11.7

Oklahoma .................................... 13.0 4.3 -8.7

Oregon ....................................... 13.2 6.0 -7.2

Pennsylvania ............................... 16.2 7.4 -8.8

Rhode Island ............................... 17.4 6.3 -11.1

South Carolina ............................ 11.5 5.0 -6.5

South Dakota .............................. 9.2 2.8 -6.4

Tennessee .................................. 15.8 5.0 -10.8

Texas .......................................... 12.9 6.7 -6.2

Utah ........................................... 10.1 2.8 -7.3

Vermont ...................................... 14.8 2.9 -11.9

Virginia ....................................... 11.3 4.7 -6.6

Washington ................................. 16.3 5.5 -10.8

West Virginia .............................. 15.6 5.8 -9.8

Wisconsin ................................... 14.8 3.9 -10.9

p

 = preliminary.

State

Rate Over-the-year 

change p
-8-

Table D. States with statistically significant employment changes from March 2021 to

April 2021, seasonally adjusted

March April

2021 2021 p Level Percent

Alabama ..................................... 2,023,500 2,011,100 -12,400 -0.6

California .................................... 16,146,400 16,248,200 101,800 .6

Colorado ..................................... 2,673,900 2,690,900 17,000 .6

District of Columbia ..................... 732,000 737,000 5,000 .7

Hawaii ........................................ 552,100 562,100 10,000 1.8

Michigan ..................................... 4,133,600 4,114,400 -19,200 -.5

Minnesota ................................... 2,804,000 2,815,300 11,300 .4

Nevada ....................................... 1,300,200 1,308,600 8,400 .6

New York .................................... 8,853,000 8,882,200 29,200 .3

Vermont ...................................... 289,300 291,400 2,100 .7

Washington ................................. 3,328,500 3,343,200 14,700 .4

West Virginia .............................. 682,100 685,300 3,200 .5

p

 = preliminary.

State Over-the-month change p
-9-

Table E. States with statistically significant employment changes from April 2020 to

April 2021, seasonally adjusted

April April

2020 2021 p Level Percent

Alabama ..................................... 1,839,700 2,011,100 171,400 9.3

Alaska ........................................ 284,500 306,900 22,400 7.9

Arizona ....................................... 2,661,600 2,898,300 236,700 8.9

Arkansas .................................... 1,165,200 1,261,600 96,400 8.3

California .................................... 14,946,100 16,248,200 1,302,100 8.7

Colorado ..................................... 2,443,200 2,690,900 247,700 10.1

Connecticut ................................. 1,403,900 1,580,600 176,700 12.6

Delaware .................................... 399,300 444,300 45,000 11.3

District of Columbia ..................... 720,800 737,000 16,200 2.2

Florida ........................................ 7,802,900 8,568,900 766,000 9.8

 

Georgia ...................................... 4,057,000 4,473,600 416,600 10.3

Hawaii ........................................ 509,800 562,100 52,300 10.3

Idaho .......................................... 693,800 784,900 91,100 13.1

Illinois ......................................... 5,318,600 5,727,000 408,400 7.7

Indiana ....................................... 2,664,500 3,027,900 363,400 13.6

Iowa ........................................... 1,412,500 1,517,400 104,900 7.4

Kansas ....................................... 1,270,800 1,372,400 101,600 8.0

Kentucky .................................... 1,662,100 1,858,900 196,800 11.8

Louisiana .................................... 1,709,600 1,837,000 127,400 7.5

Maine ......................................... 545,400 610,800 65,400 12.0

 

Maryland ..................................... 2,379,000 2,631,600 252,600 10.6

Massachusetts ............................. 3,041,500 3,433,800 392,300 12.9

Michigan ..................................... 3,397,600 4,114,400 716,800 21.1

Minnesota ................................... 2,580,000 2,815,300 235,300 9.1

Mississippi .................................. 1,012,000 1,121,300 109,300 10.8

Missouri ...................................... 2,569,400 2,815,000 245,600 9.6

Montana ...................................... 425,800 480,600 54,800 12.9

Nebraska .................................... 937,000 1,007,400 70,400 7.5

Nevada ....................................... 1,112,400 1,308,600 196,200 17.6

New Hampshire ........................... 572,600 659,100 86,500 15.1

 

New Jersey ................................. 3,512,400 3,900,800 388,400 11.1

New Mexico ................................. 758,300 790,200 31,900 4.2

New York .................................... 7,852,400 8,882,200 1,029,800 13.1

North Carolina ............................. 4,051,400 4,459,800 408,400 10.1

North Dakota ............................... 386,000 417,500 31,500 8.2

Ohio ........................................... 4,721,400 5,308,300 586,900 12.4

Oklahoma .................................... 1,535,100 1,625,400 90,300 5.9

Oregon ....................................... 1,687,500 1,842,300 154,800 9.2

Pennsylvania ............................... 4,962,900 5,666,500 703,600 14.2

Rhode Island ............................... 399,200 467,600 68,400 17.1

 

South Carolina ............................ 1,888,600 2,113,300 224,700 11.9

South Dakota .............................. 398,400 435,600 37,200 9.3

Tennessee .................................. 2,773,900 3,061,300 287,400 10.4

Texas .......................................... 11,517,400 12,524,500 1,007,100 8.7

Utah ........................................... 1,432,200 1,590,700 158,500 11.1

Vermont ...................................... 251,000 291,400 40,400 16.1

Virginia ....................................... 3,611,000 3,889,700 278,700 7.7

Washington ................................. 3,101,200 3,343,200 242,000 7.8

West Virginia .............................. 617,700 685,300 67,600 10.9

Wisconsin ................................... 2,590,000 2,857,300 267,300 10.3

Wyoming .................................... 262,800 275,100 12,300 4.7

p

 = preliminary.

State Over-the-year change p
Technical Note

Special technical note: This technical note describes the 

procedures regularly used on a monthly basis to develop 

estimates from the CES survey and the LAUS program. Due to 

the COVID-19 pandemic, some of the procedures described in 

this technical note have been modified. The modifications are 

briefly described in the box note of this news release. More 

information on the changes to the CES business birth-death 

model is available at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbd.htm.

This news release presents civilian labor force and 

unemployment data for states and selected substate areas from 

the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program 

(tables 1 and 2). Also presented are nonfarm payroll 

employment estimates by state and industry supersector from 

the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 

4). The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state 

cooperative endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment—from the 

LAUS program

 Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment 

data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those 

used for the official national estimates obtained from the 

Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of 

households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics 

(BLS) by the U.S. Census Bureau. The LAUS program 

measures employed people and unemployed people on a placeof-residence basis. The universe for each is the civilian 

noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. 

Employed people are those who did any work at all for pay or 

profit in the reference week (typically the week including the 

12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in 

a family business or farm, plus those not working who had a job 

from which they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, 

for such reasons as bad weather, labor-management dispute, 

illness, or vacation. 

 Unemployed people are those who were not employed during 

the reference week (based on the definition above), had actively 

looked for a job sometime in the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week, and were currently available for work; people

on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be 

counted as unemployed. The civilian labor force is the sum of 

employed and unemployed people. The unemployment rate is 

the number of unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor 

force.

 Method of estimation. Estimates for 48 states, the District 

of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale 

metropolitan division, New York City, and the balances of 

California and New York State are produced using time-series 

models. This method, which underwent substantial 

enhancement at the beginning of 2021, utilizes data from 

several sources, including the CPS, the CES, and state 

unemployment insurance (UI) programs. Estimates for the state 

of California are derived by summing the estimates for the Los 

Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale metropolitan division and the 

balance of California. Similarly, estimates for New York State

are derived by summing the estimates for New York City and 

the balance of New York State. Estimates for the five additional 

substate areas contained in this release (the Cleveland-Elyria 

and Detroit-Warren-Dearborn metropolitan areas and the 

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, Miami-Miami BeachKendall, and Seattle-Bellevue-Everett metropolitan divisions) 

and their respective balances of state are produced using a 

similar model-based approach.

 Each month, estimates for the nine census divisions first are

modeled using inputs from the CPS only and controlled to the 

national totals. State estimates then are controlled to their 

respective census division totals. Substate and balance-of-state 

estimates for the five areas noted above also are controlled to 

their respective state totals. This tiered process of controlling 

model-based estimates to the U.S. totals is called real-time 

benchmarking. Estimates for Puerto Rico are derived from a 

monthly household survey similar to the CPS. A more detailed 

description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS 

upon request.

 Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment 

data for prior years reflect adjustments made after the end of 

each year. The adjusted estimates reflect updated population 

data from the U.S. Census Bureau, any revisions in the other 

data sources, and model re-estimation. In most years, historical 

data for the most recent five years are revised near the 

beginning of each calendar year, prior to the release of January 

estimates. With the introduction of a new generation of timesseries models in 2021, historical data were re-estimated back to 

the series beginnings in 1976, 1990, or 1994.

 Seasonal adjustment. The LAUS models decompose the 

estimates of employed and unemployed people into trend, 

seasonal, and irregular components. The benchmarked signals 

of employed and unemployed people first are adjusted using an 

X-11 type of seasonal adjustment filter. The adjusted data then 

are smoothed using a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space 

(RKHS) filter. The smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates of 

employed and unemployed people are summed to derive the 

civilian labor force, and the unemployment rate then is 

calculated as the unemployed percent of the civilian labor force. 

The resulting smoothed-seasonally adjusted unemployment 

rate estimates are analyzed in this news release and published 

on the BLS website. 

 During estimation for the current year, the smoothedseasonally adjusted estimates for a given month are created 

using an asymmetric filter that incorporates information from 

previous observations only. For annual revisions, historical data 

are smoothed using a two-sided filter.

 Area definitions. The substate area data published in this 

release reflect the delineations that were issued by the U.S. 

Office of Management and Budget on April 10, 2018. A 

detailed list of the geographic definitions is available online at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. 

Employment—from the CES program

 Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on 

establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of the pay 
period that includes the 12th of the month. Persons are counted 

at their place of work rather than at their place of residence; 

those appearing on more than one payroll are counted on each 

payroll. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal 

activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North 

American Industry Classification System.

 Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment 

data are produced using several estimation procedures. Where 

possible these data are produced using a "weighted link 

relative" estimation technique in which a ratio of current-month 

weighted employment to that of the previous-month weighted 

employment is computed from a sample of establishments 

reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the 

current month are then obtained by multiplying these ratios by 

the previous month’s employment estimates. The weighted link 

relative technique is utilized for data series where the sample 

size meets certain statistical criteria. 

 For some employment series, the sample of establishments is 

very small or highly variable. In these cases, a model-based 

approach is used in estimation. These models use the direct 

sample estimates (described above), combined with forecasts of 

historical (benchmarked) data to decrease volatility in 

estimation. Two different models (Fay-Herriot Model and 

Small Domain Model) are used depending on the industry level 

being estimated. For more detailed information about each 

model, refer to the BLS Handbook of Methods.

 Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted 

annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks, 

derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by 

employers who are covered under state unemployment 

insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to 

adjust the monthly estimates between the new benchmark and 

the preceding one and also to establish the level of employment 

for the new benchmark month. Thus, the benchmarking process 

establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used to 

measure the month-to-month changes in the level for the 

subsequent months. Information on recent benchmark revisions 

is available online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/benchmark.pdf.

 Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are 

seasonally adjusted at the statewide expanded supersector level. 

In some cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total 

is computed by aggregating the independently adjusted 

supersector series. In other cases, the seasonally adjusted 

payroll employment total is independently adjusted. Revisions 

to historical data for the most recent five years are made once a 

year, coincident with annual benchmark adjustments.

 Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted 

concurrently, using all available estimates, including those for 

the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors.

Concurrent sample-based factors are created every month for 

the current month’s preliminary estimate as well as the previous 

month’s final estimate.

 Caution on aggregating state data. State estimation 

procedures are designed to produce accurate data for each 

individual state. BLS independently develops a national

employment series; state estimates are not forced to sum to 

national totals. Each state series is subject to larger relative 

sampling and nonsampling errors than the national series.

Summing state estimates cumulates individual state-level errors 

and can cause significant distortions at an aggregate level. Due 

to these statistical limitations, BLS does not compile a "sum-ofstates" employment series, and cautions users that such a series 

is subject to a relatively large and volatile error structure.

Reliability of the estimates

 The estimates presented in this release are based on sample 

surveys, administrative data, and modeling and, thus, are 

subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error is 

a measure of sampling variability—that is, variation that occurs 

by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is 

surveyed. Survey data also are subject to nonsampling errors, 

such as those which can be introduced into the data collection 

and processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from 

sample surveys are subject to additional errors resulting from 

the specific estimation processes used.

 Use of error measures. Changes in state unemployment 

rates and state nonfarm payroll employment are cited in the 

analysis of this release only if they have been determined to be 

statistically significant at the 90-percent confidence level. 

Furthermore, state unemployment rates for the current month 

generally are cited only if they have been determined to be 

significantly different from the U.S. rate at the 90-percent 

confidence level. The underlying model-based standard error 

measures for unemployment rates and over-the-month and 

over-the-year changes in rates are available at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lastderr.htm. The underlying standard error 

measures for 1-month, 3-month, and 12-month changes in 

payroll employment data at the total nonfarm and supersector 

levels for states, and total nonfarm level for metropolitan areas 

and divisions, are available at 

www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Measures of 

nonsampling error are not available.

Additional information

 Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment from the 

LAUS program, as well as nonfarm payroll employment from 

the CES program, for metropolitan areas and metropolitan 

divisions are available in the news release Metropolitan Area 

Employment and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor 

force, employed people, unemployed people, and 

unemployment rates for approximately 7,500 subnational areas 

are available online at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data 

from the CES program for states and metropolitan areas are 

available online at www.bls.gov/sae/. Information in this 

release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals 

upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay 

Service: (800) 877-8339.
LABOR FORCE DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, seasonally adjusted

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

Apr.

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021p

Number Percent of labor force

Apr.

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021p

Apr.

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,187,272 2,248,764 2,235,958 2,231,983 288,253 91,041 84,716 79,332 13.2 4.0 3.8 3.6

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345,671 351,058 348,796 351,084 40,680 23,305 23,355 23,629 11.8 6.6 6.7 6.7

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,545,107 3,580,631 3,587,157 3,598,396 504,698 247,405 240,210 239,495 14.2 6.9 6.7 6.7

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,371,571 1,363,690 1,360,097 1,362,081 137,367 61,606 60,184 59,389 10.0 4.5 4.4 4.4

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,590,864 18,942,703 18,920,603 18,954,223 2,966,435 1,610,021 1,579,280 1,576,120 16.0 8.5 8.3 8.3

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale1. . . . 4,789,146 5,116,841 5,106,514 5,136,248 877,501 587,265 580,583 601,567 18.3 11.5 11.4 11.7

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,983,132 3,182,752 3,188,386 3,197,304 361,769 204,661 205,220 204,565 12.1 6.4 6.4 6.4

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,826,611 1,712,565 1,729,562 1,741,765 156,868 145,588 143,026 140,517 8.6 8.5 8.3 8.1

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474,498 488,751 489,354 489,223 63,481 30,966 31,623 31,068 13.4 6.3 6.5 6.4

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406,769 408,389 406,901 406,239 45,122 33,230 31,516 30,551 11.1 8.1 7.7 7.5

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,765,316 10,124,393 10,170,003 10,242,509 1,364,803 474,337 474,423 487,388 14.0 4.7 4.7 4.8

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall1. . . . . . . . . . . 1,195,522 1,294,959 1,296,562 1,296,349 123,670 106,985 105,336 99,625 10.3 8.3 8.1 7.7

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,985,895 5,145,336 5,161,071 5,172,407 620,840 246,082 232,026 221,140 12.5 4.8 4.5 4.3

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637,563 655,838 649,963 649,771 139,635 60,578 59,081 55,356 21.9 9.2 9.1 8.5

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 876,528 899,915 899,355 900,324 101,309 29,856 28,790 28,156 11.6 3.3 3.2 3.1

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,026,243 6,138,656 6,129,324 6,146,104 996,478 454,527 436,076 438,057 16.5 7.4 7.1 7.1

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights1. . . 3,500,029 3,578,310 3,577,537 3,592,637 574,046 310,487 293,417 290,195 16.4 8.7 8.2 8.1

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,225,032 3,342,841 3,336,773 3,336,918 544,935 133,929 130,146 131,101 16.9 4.0 3.9 3.9

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,712,557 1,630,927 1,637,966 1,640,581 190,195 60,695 60,818 61,648 11.1 3.7 3.7 3.8

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,485,985 1,508,461 1,510,302 1,508,429 187,075 57,137 56,316 52,717 12.6 3.8 3.7 3.5

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,087,483 1,993,096 1,990,742 1,989,946 352,568 103,384 99,621 94,016 16.9 5.2 5.0 4.7

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,041,667 2,075,645 2,074,302 2,070,417 268,196 157,179 152,530 150,425 13.1 7.6 7.4 7.3

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654,335 672,049 673,127 673,930 59,662 32,398 32,591 32,531 9.1 4.8 4.8 4.8

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,131,058 3,103,085 3,110,072 3,116,843 282,222 193,520 193,346 193,122 9.0 6.2 6.2 6.2

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,409,863 3,740,812 3,744,412 3,746,359 558,382 262,926 252,157 241,669 16.4 7.0 6.7 6.5

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,586,421 4,695,097 4,703,325 4,701,104 1,084,356 243,259 238,881 231,484 23.6 5.2 5.1 4.9

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,948,195 2,002,390 2,014,655 2,015,565 480,837 90,674 91,108 86,707 24.7 4.5 4.5 4.3

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,012,976 3,031,173 3,022,453 3,022,528 272,406 133,550 126,006 122,934 9.0 4.4 4.2 4.1

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,218,052 1,281,423 1,280,842 1,280,784 191,000 80,991 79,988 79,305 15.7 6.3 6.2 6.2

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,980,434 3,054,095 3,062,200 3,069,614 373,519 132,538 128,061 126,758 12.5 4.3 4.2 4.1

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543,608 531,262 531,503 532,940 64,455 20,749 19,965 19,603 11.9 3.9 3.8 3.7

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,051,562 1,020,915 1,019,886 1,018,751 77,832 31,948 29,945 28,415 7.4 3.1 2.9 2.8

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,497,652 1,547,256 1,552,395 1,559,811 442,217 130,594 125,900 124,962 29.5 8.4 8.1 8.0

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 735,030 761,266 759,327 757,378 117,688 24,757 22,866 21,410 16.0 3.3 3.0 2.8

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,477,672 4,400,717 4,419,712 4,422,165 742,322 341,786 336,146 332,999 16.6 7.8 7.6 7.5

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 908,572 959,116 956,628 955,084 90,683 79,688 78,992 78,028 10.0 8.3 8.3 8.2

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,870,365 9,289,219 9,523,660 9,505,870 1,435,688 825,965 804,285 778,389 16.2 8.9 8.4 8.2

New York City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,706,625 3,875,576 4,115,279 4,116,984 576,804 499,154 479,438 468,751 15.6 12.9 11.7 11.4

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,689,755 5,032,870 5,016,451 5,012,839 634,823 286,655 258,974 250,865 13.5 5.7 5.2 5.0

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410,490 404,881 403,880 403,507 35,580 19,314 17,646 16,838 8.7 4.8 4.4 4.2

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,539,776 5,754,831 5,750,618 5,766,680 908,862 287,758 271,280 272,516 16.4 5.0 4.7 4.7

Cleveland-Elyria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 991,906 994,736 997,182 1,000,267 212,543 50,717 49,361 47,455 21.4 5.1 5.0 4.7

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,821,680 1,865,515 1,865,563 1,866,841 236,541 81,293 79,467 79,583 13.0 4.4 4.3 4.3

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,049,533 2,152,231 2,156,656 2,161,932 270,838 130,917 129,914 129,279 13.2 6.1 6.0 6.0

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,313,806 6,336,114 6,335,821 6,337,905 1,023,035 469,060 461,514 466,316 16.2 7.4 7.3 7.4

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545,692 538,742 541,513 539,623 94,704 39,163 38,163 33,857 17.4 7.3 7.0 6.3

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,357,025 2,377,180 2,388,097 2,381,633 270,763 123,928 120,655 118,377 11.5 5.2 5.1 5.0

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468,726 472,209 469,038 469,372 43,224 14,149 13,471 13,062 9.2 3.0 2.9 2.8

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,183,054 3,308,398 3,316,335 3,325,306 503,585 162,310 168,455 166,971 15.8 4.9 5.1 5.0

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,368,039 14,005,206 14,032,262 14,031,008 1,727,869 970,315 967,379 943,503 12.9 6.9 6.9 6.7

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,624,093 1,630,643 1,632,021 1,636,424 164,014 48,899 46,513 45,094 10.1 3.0 2.9 2.8

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353,857 313,180 313,062 312,813 52,219 9,517 9,160 8,967 14.8 3.0 2.9 2.9

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,391,242 4,236,621 4,238,036 4,225,614 495,710 219,727 214,435 197,338 11.3 5.2 5.1 4.7

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,988,363 3,837,024 3,850,738 3,864,887 652,077 215,552 210,801 213,104 16.3 5.6 5.5 5.5

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,705,349 1,742,021 1,747,518 1,751,149 283,173 94,990 93,960 94,472 16.6 5.5 5.4 5.4

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 768,185 796,069 795,672 795,905 119,473 49,663 47,282 45,793 15.6 6.2 5.9 5.8

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,061,130 3,059,420 3,066,278 3,075,289 453,138 116,563 117,330 119,254 14.8 3.8 3.8 3.9

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290,960 295,385 295,613 296,101 16,038 15,591 15,725 15,918 5.5 5.3 5.3 5.4

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 1,048,203 1,051,542 1,057,626 – 96,044 92,430 88,360 – 9.2 8.8 8.4

1 Metropolitan division.

2 Metropolitan statistical area.

p Preliminary

– Data not available

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management

and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following

month.
LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, not seasonally adjusted

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

March April Number Percent of labor force

2020 2021 2020 2021p

March April March April

2020 2021 2020 2021p 2020 2021 2020 2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,227,126 2,213,954 2,175,494 2,222,921 61,666 75,788 276,037 65,164 2.8 3.4 12.7 2.9

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349,989 344,975 341,223 350,453 21,832 25,490 42,175 26,458 6.2 7.4 12.4 7.5

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,585,541 3,599,372 3,523,144 3,607,237 186,149 231,829 499,744 230,441 5.2 6.4 14.2 6.4

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,367,760 1,359,037 1,367,099 1,365,153 57,100 64,627 132,291 56,479 4.2 4.8 9.7 4.1

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,167,207 18,911,292 18,451,970 18,812,393 974,161 1,549,839 2,944,524 1,519,999 5.1 8.2 16.0 8.1

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale1. . . . 4,941,316 5,111,304 4,759,257 5,110,520 276,380 563,493 866,928 562,384 5.6 11.0 18.2 11.0

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,079,676 3,155,812 2,959,510 3,182,651 153,311 205,805 360,423 200,310 5.0 6.5 12.2 6.3

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,903,646 1,723,503 1,805,067 1,740,468 80,956 142,105 151,084 131,871 4.3 8.2 8.4 7.6

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482,043 490,936 473,726 489,695 25,293 32,463 63,108 29,868 5.2 6.6 13.3 6.1

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420,428 403,594 405,479 401,028 22,944 27,975 42,947 26,493 5.5 6.9 10.6 6.6

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,566,114 10,271,525 9,717,870 10,357,312 531,061 542,176 1,348,861 532,443 5.0 5.3 13.9 5.1

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall1. . . . . . . . . . . 1,331,833 1,285,600 1,200,734 1,310,847 29,164 105,398 123,408 90,807 2.2 8.2 10.3 6.9

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,201,099 5,174,762 4,950,530 5,170,111 192,874 208,569 602,733 196,478 3.7 4.0 12.2 3.8

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 670,957 652,552 636,024 653,202 14,196 56,542 139,050 52,991 2.1 8.7 21.9 8.1

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 884,713 894,325 868,898 900,334 29,288 36,018 100,962 30,181 3.3 4.0 11.6 3.4

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,307,742 6,102,774 5,964,800 6,155,621 253,673 433,143 970,481 434,308 4.0 7.1 16.3 7.1

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights1. . . 3,683,584 3,572,940 3,469,702 3,610,490 144,554 274,627 569,547 284,011 3.9 7.7 16.4 7.9

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,313,299 3,295,778 3,198,078 3,327,059 123,603 153,244 528,808 139,684 3.7 4.6 16.5 4.2

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,709,220 1,646,332 1,704,471 1,651,244 60,457 73,935 188,141 63,523 3.5 4.5 11.0 3.8

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,487,454 1,506,301 1,476,015 1,498,390 52,338 57,593 184,383 50,642 3.5 3.8 12.5 3.4

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,071,046 1,981,508 2,078,415 1,982,425 100,710 99,575 347,938 75,878 4.9 5.0 16.7 3.8

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,146,472 2,059,354 2,033,649 2,060,371 113,933 135,972 259,225 136,010 5.3 6.6 12.7 6.6

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 692,623 668,477 648,822 670,291 29,481 36,110 63,329 35,196 4.3 5.4 9.8 5.3

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,287,072 3,108,211 3,104,331 3,111,886 127,045 188,570 273,123 181,434 3.9 6.1 8.8 5.8

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,712,130 3,703,116 3,382,826 3,701,234 116,907 243,726 550,084 219,081 3.1 6.6 16.3 5.9

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,894,999 4,687,935 4,530,016 4,646,095 217,985 242,997 1,070,661 213,593 4.5 5.2 23.6 4.6

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,138,004 2,017,127 1,913,920 1,992,220 103,866 91,025 470,539 73,680 4.9 4.5 24.6 3.7

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,111,045 3,000,039 2,999,206 3,014,296 139,838 134,554 273,494 124,552 4.5 4.5 9.1 4.1

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,281,468 1,264,301 1,213,416 1,273,203 79,363 78,085 186,761 74,208 6.2 6.2 15.4 5.8

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,084,107 3,065,763 2,971,380 3,077,629 134,961 134,452 365,793 124,065 4.4 4.4 12.3 4.0

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539,456 530,088 538,926 535,361 25,551 23,387 64,616 20,465 4.7 4.4 12.0 3.8

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,039,301 1,014,719 1,048,382 1,014,655 36,687 28,747 77,217 24,189 3.5 2.8 7.4 2.4

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,586,360 1,549,050 1,491,235 1,552,572 105,533 118,623 442,479 122,033 6.7 7.7 29.7 7.9

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 766,392 749,468 728,134 743,532 24,141 23,691 117,573 20,026 3.1 3.2 16.1 2.7

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,560,340 4,439,157 4,439,001 4,397,265 189,899 346,824 729,319 315,274 4.2 7.8 16.4 7.2

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 955,595 947,280 904,428 949,776 52,848 75,222 88,126 72,626 5.5 7.9 9.7 7.6

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,463,134 9,436,191 8,801,907 9,396,986 419,555 796,730 1,429,063 736,306 4.4 8.4 16.2 7.8

New York City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,077,377 4,108,802 3,682,054 4,089,780 170,851 461,717 571,397 443,463 4.2 11.2 15.5 10.8

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,890,781 4,991,166 4,660,070 4,974,962 193,957 228,648 613,315 217,379 4.0 4.6 13.2 4.4

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402,014 400,061 406,306 401,021 12,846 19,238 36,163 16,268 3.2 4.8 8.9 4.1

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,821,848 5,719,585 5,521,458 5,758,674 337,584 278,590 921,291 272,508 5.8 4.9 16.7 4.7

Cleveland-Elyria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,004,201 982,447 992,562 1,005,557 62,192 47,322 215,932 45,907 6.2 4.8 21.8 4.6

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,834,662 1,855,835 1,805,213 1,854,824 61,962 77,150 230,094 79,551 3.4 4.2 12.7 4.3

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,098,879 2,156,640 2,035,126 2,162,896 89,389 143,776 267,428 134,716 4.3 6.7 13.1 6.2

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,471,607 6,284,958 6,247,158 6,222,697 361,564 456,221 995,987 381,904 5.6 7.3 15.9 6.1

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558,186 539,706 537,571 533,412 27,014 38,993 94,316 26,992 4.8 7.2 17.5 5.1

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,354,415 2,392,634 2,339,790 2,372,303 73,206 114,498 258,154 103,534 3.1 4.8 11.0 4.4

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459,393 466,364 466,394 468,202 16,100 15,200 44,088 13,873 3.5 3.3 9.5 3.0

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,306,102 3,299,464 3,161,316 3,327,563 142,819 168,629 492,948 155,240 4.3 5.1 15.6 4.7

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,953,661 14,094,131 13,326,311 14,043,919 704,889 1,006,954 1,698,726 881,310 5.1 7.1 12.7 6.3

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,626,054 1,636,759 1,611,373 1,641,386 47,156 46,785 163,709 45,678 2.9 2.9 10.2 2.8

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340,422 312,565 348,360 312,703 9,779 10,026 52,241 9,521 2.9 3.2 15.0 3.0

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,436,793 4,248,551 4,369,898 4,216,889 123,223 216,835 481,130 165,997 2.8 5.1 11.0 3.9

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,930,706 3,899,305 3,964,302 3,918,653 229,593 246,226 646,752 240,101 5.8 6.3 16.3 6.1

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,719,132 1,759,336 1,700,133 1,755,920 90,813 101,141 274,790 94,232 5.3 5.7 16.2 5.4

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 794,966 783,154 763,219 792,245 49,152 48,011 118,890 44,822 6.2 6.1 15.6 5.7

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,041,275 3,070,571 3,033,527 3,070,884 115,879 147,187 452,666 131,599 3.8 4.8 14.9 4.3

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297,605 294,569 288,142 293,373 17,589 17,284 16,751 16,467 5.9 5.9 5.8 5.6

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 1,068,462 – 1,080,300 – 78,891 – 75,484 – 7.4 – 7.0

1 Metropolitan division.

2 Metropolitan statistical area.

p Preliminary

– Data not available

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management

and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following

month.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

State

Total1 Construction Manufacturing

Apr.

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021p

Apr.

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021p

Apr.

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,839.7 2,020.9 2,023.5 2,011.1 89.4 94.6 93.7 91.5 232.6 267.1 267.4 265.6

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284.5 305.0 305.8 306.9 14.3 16.7 16.5 16.5 11.2 12.7 13.2 13.5

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,661.6 2,876.3 2,889.5 2,898.3 169.7 172.4 173.0 172.7 174.1 177.7 178.7 178.7

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,165.2 1,258.3 1,262.9 1,261.6 51.8 54.5 54.4 54.6 149.8 160.9 161.2 159.8

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,946.1 16,014.0 16,146.4 16,248.2 738.6 880.2 886.3 885.7 1,206.4 1,248.4 1,250.7 1,252.2

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,443.2 2,666.2 2,673.9 2,690.9 168.3 172.6 172.1 171.6 140.2 145.7 146.0 145.8

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,403.9 1,574.9 1,580.1 1,580.6 49.5 56.0 57.0 57.6 148.2 152.1 152.2 151.6

Delaware2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399.3 442.9 444.1 444.3 20.7 22.7 23.6 23.7 24.0 24.8 24.8 24.4

District of Columbia2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 720.8 731.4 732.0 737.0 13.7 15.6 15.5 15.5 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,802.9 8,521.4 8,552.0 8,568.9 538.9 563.0 568.0 568.3 361.5 380.8 380.4 381.0

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,057.0 4,464.2 4,482.9 4,473.6 196.6 201.7 206.6 204.6 359.5 389.3 391.0 389.3

Hawaii2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509.8 545.1 552.1 562.1 34.3 36.7 36.5 37.2 10.5 11.2 11.4 11.3

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693.8 782.7 784.3 784.9 53.1 59.5 59.3 59.4 65.6 69.1 69.0 68.6

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,318.6 5,697.8 5,726.7 5,727.0 199.0 216.4 222.8 226.8 532.4 547.3 548.3 540.5

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,664.5 3,030.0 3,029.9 3,027.9 132.7 145.7 148.4 146.1 421.4 526.5 526.2 527.5

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,412.5 1,510.8 1,523.2 1,517.4 74.6 73.0 79.5 76.4 212.9 218.1 219.8 219.4

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,270.8 1,360.2 1,373.8 1,372.4 60.8 60.2 65.7 65.0 152.5 157.3 158.3 158.7

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,662.1 1,857.7 1,861.1 1,858.9 74.2 78.7 78.2 80.1 205.0 241.6 243.5 241.8

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,709.6 1,834.9 1,835.3 1,837.0 113.5 116.5 117.2 117.4 131.1 127.0 126.8 127.6

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545.4 605.5 612.4 610.8 28.4 30.6 30.6 31.2 45.8 52.9 53.1 53.1

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,379.0 2,615.0 2,627.8 2,631.6 151.1 162.2 162.4 160.6 104.7 107.7 108.3 109.4

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,041.5 3,413.9 3,428.7 3,433.8 114.7 162.0 163.8 163.2 215.8 230.8 230.6 231.1

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,397.6 4,117.4 4,133.6 4,114.4 106.6 171.5 174.3 175.0 415.6 573.9 573.6 562.4

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,580.0 2,783.6 2,804.0 2,815.3 117.4 117.0 125.5 126.6 301.6 307.6 309.2 309.3

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,012.0 1,119.3 1,123.0 1,121.3 41.7 44.4 44.8 44.1 123.0 142.2 141.5 140.2

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,569.4 2,796.5 2,814.4 2,815.0 119.6 123.8 128.4 128.5 251.4 266.6 268.7 266.5

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425.8 478.0 480.9 480.6 29.2 31.2 31.3 31.3 19.0 20.7 21.3 21.2

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 937.0 1,002.1 1,007.2 1,007.4 54.4 56.2 57.2 56.9 94.9 99.3 100.1 100.2

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,112.4 1,291.5 1,300.2 1,308.6 91.6 92.4 91.1 92.2 52.6 57.8 58.5 60.3

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 572.6 652.8 657.7 659.1 25.7 27.9 28.0 28.9 64.5 66.7 67.7 67.0

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,512.4 3,876.5 3,896.9 3,900.8 131.7 145.1 147.5 147.9 220.4 240.2 242.4 241.9

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 758.3 783.6 791.9 790.2 48.4 48.9 48.7 48.0 26.0 26.5 26.7 26.9

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,852.4 8,784.1 8,853.0 8,882.2 251.2 366.3 375.1 371.2 352.7 401.6 402.6 405.0

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,051.4 4,452.3 4,465.6 4,459.8 223.8 233.4 235.0 236.6 426.0 457.0 460.8 462.9

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386.0 412.5 415.2 417.5 25.8 26.3 27.7 27.8 23.6 25.3 25.3 25.5

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,721.4 5,302.2 5,312.0 5,308.3 195.1 223.6 225.7 226.1 583.7 657.2 659.0 658.2

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,535.1 1,612.0 1,626.7 1,625.4 78.3 76.0 79.0 78.0 129.6 128.2 129.6 130.0

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,687.5 1,820.5 1,840.1 1,842.3 100.3 108.9 108.9 108.8 180.1 184.5 183.9 183.0

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,962.9 5,654.5 5,670.9 5,666.5 162.8 252.3 252.7 256.1 491.9 537.8 543.3 542.2

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399.2 464.6 467.2 467.6 16.1 19.9 20.5 21.0 33.2 38.0 38.4 38.5

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,888.6 2,113.0 2,117.5 2,113.3 101.3 105.8 107.9 108.5 224.6 245.6 247.5 245.0

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398.4 433.0 435.3 435.6 24.1 24.5 24.9 25.4 42.6 43.3 43.5 43.8

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,773.9 3,039.5 3,051.5 3,061.3 125.9 128.1 128.9 128.7 294.7 345.4 346.5 345.1

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,517.4 12,401.8 12,511.5 12,524.5 721.0 725.4 749.5 735.9 855.2 859.9 869.9 868.8

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,432.2 1,578.7 1,584.6 1,590.7 112.3 120.2 120.1 119.3 133.3 140.9 141.5 142.4

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251.0 287.1 289.3 291.4 9.5 14.8 15.1 15.1 24.8 28.6 28.7 29.0

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,611.0 3,886.8 3,887.3 3,889.7 196.4 205.7 206.0 204.6 224.9 234.7 236.4 237.7

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,101.2 3,301.5 3,328.5 3,343.2 184.7 224.1 226.2 227.0 270.3 262.6 262.0 261.3

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 617.7 679.7 682.1 685.3 26.5 30.7 30.7 30.5 43.2 44.3 44.6 45.2

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,590.0 2,836.9 2,848.0 2,857.3 117.3 119.5 122.2 125.1 439.4 469.4 470.0 470.2

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262.8 273.8 274.3 275.1 20.8 19.8 19.7 19.8 9.5 9.6 9.6 9.9

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 766.8 848.8 851.6 851.1 20.6 29.7 29.8 29.8 67.2 77.3 77.7 78.2

Virgin Islands3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.8 34.4 34.5 34.6 4.1 2.8 2.9 2.9 – – – –

1

Includes mining and logging, information, and other services (except public administration), not shown separately.

2 Mining and logging is combined with construction.

3 Missing series (denoted by ’-’) are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components,

cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued

[In thousands]

State

Trade, transportation, and utilities Financial activities Professional and business services

Apr.

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021p

Apr.

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021p

Apr.

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351.0 381.2 380.4 380.4 95.9 95.2 97.2 95.4 220.0 251.8 252.6 247.4

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.8 59.4 60.2 60.2 10.5 10.6 10.6 10.7 25.0 26.5 25.8 25.6

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507.6 570.6 572.1 569.8 229.1 229.9 231.1 232.5 413.6 432.3 432.5 434.5

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233.8 251.9 251.4 250.1 63.0 64.1 65.0 64.4 129.3 143.5 143.8 143.9

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,630.2 2,962.6 2,982.5 2,983.7 800.2 807.9 809.5 807.8 2,473.7 2,621.6 2,643.9 2,662.9

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432.0 486.0 486.8 486.3 169.4 173.6 173.5 174.2 414.0 436.4 439.5 440.1

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238.4 291.4 288.8 286.5 119.4 118.6 119.0 118.3 195.8 205.6 202.7 206.3

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.7 81.4 81.0 80.6 46.9 46.8 46.9 47.1 59.8 61.5 61.2 61.1

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.3 29.3 29.2 29.3 29.1 28.0 27.9 28.3 165.1 165.0 165.3 166.5

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,604.1 1,757.4 1,761.7 1,754.3 577.9 598.9 600.1 602.2 1,273.8 1,376.1 1,382.4 1,385.1

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 860.6 951.1 950.2 945.5 247.4 249.1 250.8 250.4 650.0 711.0 715.6 714.7

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.8 101.7 102.3 102.9 27.0 26.5 27.0 27.1 62.3 67.2 68.4 68.8

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.6 154.0 154.7 155.1 36.3 40.0 40.7 40.6 94.7 101.4 99.7 99.7

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,071.4 1,179.4 1,182.0 1,179.2 403.1 402.2 401.9 402.5 853.9 911.9 915.1 910.2

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 542.3 601.2 598.3 598.0 137.8 140.3 140.9 140.8 297.8 332.9 328.2 327.7

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281.6 307.3 306.8 304.3 108.3 110.2 110.7 110.3 129.6 135.0 136.0 134.5

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242.9 266.1 268.4 268.1 76.4 75.9 75.4 75.4 160.7 171.3 173.2 172.8

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364.7 403.0 404.4 402.8 90.4 95.1 95.8 94.8 187.9 212.5 213.2 212.2

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336.9 364.2 364.4 364.2 89.6 88.2 88.3 88.5 192.5 205.9 205.4 204.5

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.0 114.4 115.5 116.0 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 64.7 69.3 69.8 70.2

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405.2 460.4 460.3 460.4 135.2 135.1 135.6 135.4 423.9 455.8 459.4 460.8

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464.8 554.5 554.4 553.3 214.1 219.2 219.3 218.6 557.6 596.2 596.5 601.0

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 636.2 777.6 778.9 775.5 215.7 224.6 225.3 226.0 506.5 616.0 619.6 620.8

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464.6 505.2 508.7 511.2 191.7 194.1 193.3 192.1 346.8 355.7 360.5 365.3

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212.3 232.8 233.1 232.3 43.0 42.0 42.4 42.5 96.5 108.3 110.7 109.7

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486.3 541.2 541.5 539.4 172.1 171.9 170.6 171.3 347.3 370.4 372.7 370.2

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.5 94.5 93.4 93.6 25.8 25.7 26.1 26.3 40.8 45.0 45.0 44.8

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182.7 194.7 195.6 194.7 74.2 73.8 73.9 73.7 113.5 118.8 118.7 119.5

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224.6 273.6 275.7 273.2 64.2 67.7 68.2 68.4 162.0 181.6 184.3 187.0

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119.1 138.8 139.1 138.7 33.5 34.2 34.4 34.6 77.8 87.5 88.5 86.7

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 739.4 843.3 845.8 845.0 239.4 249.3 249.5 249.1 607.4 653.3 655.3 655.4

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.4 133.2 133.8 133.4 34.1 31.9 32.2 32.7 103.3 108.5 108.7 108.2

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,168.4 1,389.8 1,398.5 1,398.8 701.8 701.5 699.0 696.3 1,173.5 1,249.9 1,264.6 1,267.6

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 779.9 868.9 868.4 864.0 251.4 257.3 258.0 257.8 599.8 664.8 666.9 660.4

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.1 89.3 88.8 90.2 24.3 24.6 24.6 24.5 30.5 31.2 31.9 32.0

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 907.5 1,030.7 1,030.1 1,028.4 297.4 308.2 308.4 308.5 646.0 698.1 701.8 701.7

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281.2 304.1 304.8 304.9 76.2 75.8 75.8 74.9 177.2 183.7 186.1 186.7

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323.1 360.2 361.2 359.3 98.9 103.1 103.7 104.1 231.8 246.8 248.1 248.0

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 925.6 1,100.7 1,099.8 1,094.8 321.0 323.3 322.3 325.1 716.0 769.8 767.2 760.7

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.1 74.2 74.7 73.4 33.8 34.2 34.6 34.7 59.2 64.4 64.4 64.7

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371.9 412.6 414.0 413.2 103.5 105.6 106.7 105.4 255.6 287.1 287.0 284.7

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.5 86.4 86.4 86.0 28.1 28.2 28.2 28.1 31.9 32.2 32.7 32.9

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 588.2 642.8 647.2 655.8 168.8 169.9 169.4 170.2 387.2 432.5 433.7 431.9

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,327.6 2,537.5 2,553.4 2,550.4 793.4 816.1 825.8 826.1 1,677.8 1,807.9 1,822.4 1,830.7

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268.3 300.5 301.3 300.6 91.7 97.6 97.8 97.8 217.2 236.2 236.7 238.4

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.2 50.5 50.9 50.6 11.7 11.8 11.9 12.2 26.6 29.6 29.8 29.8

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589.1 655.6 654.0 656.4 208.3 207.2 206.2 205.9 739.4 766.3 767.9 767.2

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 588.8 646.9 650.2 651.0 156.2 158.1 158.5 159.2 410.1 435.6 434.9 431.5

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110.8 122.2 122.9 122.5 28.7 28.2 28.9 29.2 62.8 66.6 66.8 66.9

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473.8 528.2 528.5 529.6 150.6 150.0 150.7 150.8 292.2 321.2 317.7 318.4

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.7 51.3 51.0 51.5 10.8 11.0 11.0 10.8 17.9 18.8 18.7 18.7

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141.2 169.9 171.0 170.3 42.4 43.2 43.1 43.0 108.8 118.7 118.8 118.5

Virgin Islands1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 6.4 6.5 6.5 – – – – – – – –

1 Missing series (denoted by ’-’) are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular

components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued

[In thousands]

State

Education and health services Leisure and hospitality Government

Apr.

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021p

Apr.

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021p

Apr.

2020

Feb.

2021

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224.8 236.4 238.8 239.1 128.1 190.4 187.5 185.9 385.3 383.9 384.8 386.2

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.6 49.4 49.6 49.5 21.4 27.3 27.4 27.5 74.6 76.8 76.9 77.8

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430.6 465.1 467.7 469.1 191.6 280.6 284.2 292.3 415.0 399.9 401.6 400.8

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.8 186.7 188.0 188.5 75.1 109.1 109.8 110.6 206.3 205.2 205.2 205.5

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,578.1 2,737.9 2,747.5 2,758.7 1,072.7 1,365.7 1,418.0 1,480.8 2,520.5 2,397.2 2,400.9 2,402.4

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307.8 340.0 342.1 345.0 175.8 277.3 277.4 287.3 447.6 435.0 436.3 438.1

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300.5 322.9 328.8 324.7 67.4 121.0 123.5 125.3 213.2 220.9 221.6 222.7

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.6 76.8 77.6 78.1 25.9 43.4 43.9 44.0 64.2 65.6 64.9 65.3

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124.4 122.8 123.0 123.5 31.3 39.5 39.7 42.5 237.5 240.8 241.0 241.3

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,227.1 1,311.4 1,319.0 1,326.6 707.4 994.1 1,001.3 1,009.4 1,107.4 1,081.2 1,079.5 1,077.6

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 546.0 593.0 596.0 599.2 285.0 427.2 427.8 423.6 677.0 667.7 669.8 670.4

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.3 81.7 82.4 81.9 59.8 77.1 80.8 86.3 116.0 115.1 115.4 118.4

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.4 114.1 115.2 114.6 50.6 82.7 83.5 84.5 121.3 126.0 125.9 125.9

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 849.7 886.4 891.2 888.4 328.5 443.7 455.4 463.5 782.9 784.0 781.5 785.8

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435.0 463.2 463.1 464.4 178.0 273.8 276.1 275.3 404.6 403.7 407.0 405.6

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207.6 220.9 221.5 221.1 78.3 120.2 121.9 123.0 250.2 250.5 251.5 251.8

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188.2 197.9 199.3 198.6 75.2 114.1 115.7 116.2 249.1 246.4 247.0 246.9

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250.9 276.2 275.5 275.4 112.5 166.9 166.0 165.0 298.0 294.8 295.0 297.5

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294.3 313.3 312.6 313.7 132.8 195.4 195.4 195.2 316.7 313.1 313.0 313.1

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.6 124.7 126.2 125.1 34.8 55.5 57.2 57.1 96.5 96.3 98.0 96.1

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413.1 448.4 449.8 449.9 134.1 216.6 218.7 221.1 493.2 493.7 497.1 497.6

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 708.0 755.7 759.3 758.2 158.0 268.3 275.3 277.6 432.2 423.6 425.9 427.1

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 582.1 643.7 644.8 640.9 193.5 340.3 346.7 341.1 572.7 569.2 569.8 571.6

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505.1 540.8 539.3 536.3 129.3 210.0 214.4 217.5 397.0 406.3 405.8 409.0

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.2 138.3 139.4 140.1 84.2 122.3 121.8 122.7 229.6 233.8 234.1 234.5

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460.8 480.0 488.5 490.2 166.2 261.6 264.7 269.9 421.9 421.3 420.3 420.1

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.3 78.2 78.9 79.1 36.8 63.0 64.1 63.9 88.1 88.6 89.4 89.3

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.9 156.3 157.3 157.0 55.1 82.5 83.4 84.1 167.6 167.7 167.9 168.7

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.8 144.8 144.1 144.1 173.9 249.2 252.0 256.6 158.9 158.6 159.3 160.3

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.5 117.4 118.5 118.8 34.2 61.4 62.1 64.6 82.5 84.7 85.0 85.1

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613.5 669.6 673.1 674.0 198.6 299.1 304.5 307.5 576.2 565.5 566.4 566.8

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.5 135.4 136.1 135.9 57.5 74.9 81.1 81.4 182.9 172.1 172.8 172.9

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,867.2 2,009.9 2,023.7 2,027.5 368.5 622.2 641.1 665.3 1,437.5 1,433.9 1,435.9 1,437.0

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566.1 597.8 600.1 600.2 287.0 437.1 440.0 441.5 714.2 698.0 697.3 696.6

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.7 66.2 65.9 65.8 22.3 35.7 36.5 37.0 75.0 80.4 80.3 80.4

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 829.4 892.0 895.0 896.9 296.4 486.5 485.0 481.1 751.7 743.0 744.4 744.1

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223.7 231.1 233.7 234.2 115.0 163.7 167.6 166.4 345.3 340.9 340.8 341.3

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275.2 295.1 297.4 297.3 105.4 148.8 162.0 164.0 285.9 275.1 276.5 278.8

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,150.7 1,231.2 1,235.7 1,232.8 244.7 441.4 446.5 447.9 680.5 667.3 670.1 671.7

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.8 99.9 100.8 100.4 23.4 46.2 46.7 47.1 63.1 62.0 61.6 62.0

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231.3 252.0 252.2 254.5 147.7 235.7 234.6 233.3 362.4 364.5 365.2 365.8

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.3 74.0 74.3 74.4 27.7 42.6 43.1 42.6 73.9 78.5 78.7 78.9

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413.9 429.8 429.9 430.0 217.1 296.9 299.8 302.2 426.9 426.6 428.2 428.5

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,599.0 1,706.6 1,712.7 1,712.1 854.2 1,211.9 1,233.5 1,247.6 1,949.3 1,957.1 1,953.5 1,964.8

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194.7 209.7 211.8 212.0 92.6 142.0 142.0 146.5 241.9 243.6 243.8 244.1

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.9 62.1 62.2 62.0 14.8 24.7 25.6 27.4 52.1 50.9 50.9 51.1

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493.0 532.8 531.4 531.2 216.8 331.8 329.8 330.8 713.3 702.2 703.2 702.2

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461.7 505.0 508.1 509.4 207.0 250.7 262.4 274.0 560.7 543.1 547.9 551.5

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120.5 128.0 128.4 128.3 38.8 64.0 64.9 66.3 143.7 148.0 147.3 147.3

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425.9 446.7 448.8 448.7 142.1 227.8 233.1 236.9 376.1 379.2 381.1 382.2

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.2 28.1 28.1 27.8 24.9 36.2 36.9 37.3 66.7 65.8 65.9 65.9

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.2 110.6 110.9 111.0 50.4 73.0 73.0 73.1 201.1 194.8 195.5 195.6

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 3.6 4.5 4.5 4.6 11.0 10.5 10.5 10.5

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

State

Total Mining and logging Construction

March April March April March April

2020 2021 2020 2021p2020 2021 2020 2021p2020 2021 2020 2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,070.4 2,021.2 1,842.7 2,013.6 9.6 9.8 9.8 8.8 94.4 92.6 89.9 91.5

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316.9 296.3 278.1 300.3 13.2 10.3 11.9 10.3 14.5 14.4 13.3 15.5

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,987.7 2,902.8 2,679.9 2,912.2 12.8 12.6 12.6 12.3 174.4 172.3 170.4 172.5

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,287.9 1,260.1 1,171.6 1,266.2 5.6 5.3 5.4 5.3 52.7 53.0 51.5 54.2

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,439.8 16,096.3 14,943.1 16,247.8 21.5 18.7 19.9 18.8 876.3 867.0 737.0 882.2

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,788.4 2,662.9 2,438.6 2,683.3 26.2 19.3 23.9 20.1 174.9 167.3 168.1 167.3

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,664.5 1,564.1 1,399.2 1,579.0 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 54.9 52.3 48.6 56.3

Delaware1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459.6 438.2 398.2 443.0 – – – – 22.9 22.8 20.8 23.3

District of Columbia1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799.5 731.0 723.1 739.1 – – – – 15.3 15.3 13.7 15.4

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,047.4 8,600.0 7,854.0 8,609.5 5.4 5.5 5.4 5.3 572.6 566.6 537.2 565.2

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,628.8 4,475.6 4,058.7 4,471.7 9.6 9.6 9.5 9.8 206.9 206.5 195.9 204.5

Hawaii1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 657.8 554.8 508.8 563.3 – – – – 36.6 36.3 34.0 37.1

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 766.4 776.9 692.5 782.3 3.3 3.4 3.1 3.4 53.4 56.7 52.6 58.7

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,020.3 5,658.2 5,310.3 5,720.9 7.4 6.2 6.7 6.3 207.1 203.5 195.6 222.3

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,118.7 3,008.7 2,667.1 3,032.5 5.7 5.2 5.1 5.3 140.9 140.2 131.9 145.8

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,566.3 1,504.7 1,416.8 1,518.9 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.3 70.2 69.5 73.6 75.2

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,414.6 1,369.1 1,277.9 1,376.7 6.3 5.8 5.8 5.8 62.9 63.0 61.1 64.4

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,929.5 1,846.0 1,661.5 1,857.6 8.2 7.1 6.4 7.2 77.8 74.8 73.3 79.3

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,968.5 1,831.9 1,715.7 1,838.7 34.7 28.2 32.0 28.8 134.0 116.2 113.5 116.9

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 618.5 592.5 534.8 599.8 2.2 2.1 1.6 1.7 28.0 27.4 27.0 29.7

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,725.9 2,609.5 2,380.7 2,640.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 162.6 158.5 150.3 159.4

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,641.8 3,367.7 3,037.3 3,423.4 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 155.0 152.6 112.4 159.5

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,373.5 4,090.3 3,377.4 4,095.1 6.5 6.8 5.8 6.7 162.9 161.5 99.3 168.4

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,925.7 2,756.8 2,562.6 2,793.1 6.3 5.9 6.1 6.0 111.2 109.4 109.2 118.4

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,153.0 1,119.9 1,014.9 1,122.3 6.4 5.6 6.0 5.5 45.0 44.5 41.9 43.7

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,891.8 2,800.6 2,583.8 2,823.8 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.5 123.8 123.4 120.3 126.9

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478.7 472.1 423.1 476.5 6.7 6.3 6.4 6.3 28.0 27.9 28.6 30.4

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,017.3 999.1 937.2 1,007.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 53.4 53.8 54.2 56.3

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,426.2 1,293.7 1,113.9 1,310.8 14.8 14.7 14.7 14.8 97.4 90.3 91.1 91.8

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676.6 647.8 569.8 651.5 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 27.1 25.9 25.1 27.8

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,145.0 3,845.6 3,490.6 3,887.1 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 155.6 139.2 130.8 146.3

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 856.2 788.5 761.0 791.4 25.0 17.1 22.1 17.0 51.3 48.3 48.6 48.0

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,644.9 8,767.4 7,846.3 8,864.0 4.9 5.0 4.4 5.3 383.2 350.5 244.5 361.3

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,589.0 4,459.9 4,062.3 4,472.1 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.6 232.4 232.4 222.5 236.2

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431.9 408.3 384.4 414.0 20.4 13.8 16.7 13.7 23.4 23.3 23.8 25.8

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,497.2 5,254.4 4,721.0 5,299.4 10.2 8.8 9.6 8.9 214.0 208.5 191.4 222.1

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,688.8 1,620.4 1,539.3 1,629.4 37.6 25.9 34.0 25.8 80.5 77.6 77.3 77.2

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,945.6 1,826.9 1,687.5 1,840.0 6.5 6.2 6.3 6.1 108.5 104.6 99.2 106.7

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,001.3 5,620.1 4,972.9 5,671.5 25.3 21.4 23.3 21.9 247.5 236.7 161.4 253.4

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493.9 457.6 399.3 464.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 18.5 18.4 15.7 20.2

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,174.0 2,110.7 1,898.3 2,118.2 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.6 105.5 107.2 101.1 109.0

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432.4 427.5 395.8 431.1 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 21.2 22.3 22.9 24.6

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,127.7 3,045.4 2,781.0 3,050.7 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.2 129.3 127.4 125.9 128.4

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,869.4 12,482.0 11,514.1 12,529.2 232.4 185.8 206.6 182.8 777.0 741.3 723.4 733.8

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,565.3 1,579.8 1,432.2 1,589.9 9.2 8.2 9.0 7.9 111.4 116.8 111.6 118.1

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312.4 290.1 248.7 288.1 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 13.4 12.5 8.8 13.5

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,046.2 3,864.9 3,618.2 3,893.9 7.6 7.4 6.8 7.5 203.1 201.6 195.4 203.2

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,471.5 3,305.0 3,101.1 3,336.7 5.5 5.2 5.2 5.3 218.8 222.9 183.9 224.9

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 706.7 677.1 617.6 686.8 19.5 19.2 17.2 20.2 29.0 28.6 25.2 30.1

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,940.2 2,807.5 2,580.5 2,842.5 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.4 115.7 110.3 114.3 121.1

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281.4 267.9 257.1 267.9 19.5 14.9 17.9 14.8 20.7 17.9 20.1 18.7

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 887.1 851.3 765.5 848.9 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.6 27.4 29.8 20.1 29.6

Virgin Islands1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.4 34.6 35.0 34.7 – – – – 4.8 2.9 4.0 2.9

1 Mining and logging is combined with construction.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Manufacturing Trade, transportation, and utilities Information

March April March April March April

2020 2021 2020 2021p

2020 2021 2020 2021p2020 2021 2020 2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270.6 268.1 232.4 265.7 379.2 378.9 349.2 376.9 20.5 19.3 19.0 19.4

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.9 12.1 9.9 11.6 60.3 57.0 54.9 58.4 5.1 4.7 4.7 4.8

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180.2 178.1 173.3 176.9 550.0 569.5 503.3 565.6 49.2 44.4 43.8 44.3

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160.0 161.1 149.3 159.9 249.5 249.1 232.4 248.5 12.6 11.8 11.5 11.8

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,316.8 1,243.9 1,198.7 1,245.0 3,012.1 2,947.3 2,588.8 2,938.7 587.7 530.5 507.8 529.2

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150.4 145.3 139.9 145.1 476.7 484.5 426.1 480.3 77.9 73.0 74.6 72.8

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159.5 151.4 147.6 151.0 287.7 284.5 232.9 281.8 31.2 27.5 28.6 28.2

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.0 24.6 23.9 24.2 79.1 80.1 67.7 79.8 3.9 3.6 3.6 3.5

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.0 32.7 29.1 26.1 29.3 20.7 19.2 19.9 19.3

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387.8 381.2 361.0 382.5 1,806.2 1,760.7 1,596.3 1,742.7 137.8 128.7 125.9 129.5

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403.8 390.6 359.1 387.7 941.6 948.2 850.9 938.7 121.8 113.5 103.7 115.3

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.7 11.3 10.5 11.2 124.0 101.9 94.4 102.6 8.0 6.6 6.4 6.5

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.8 68.5 65.3 68.1 145.3 152.8 133.7 153.5 7.9 7.0 6.8 7.2

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 576.8 546.4 530.9 538.3 1,185.9 1,165.2 1,062.1 1,167.1 93.5 85.8 86.7 85.5

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534.1 525.3 420.2 526.3 591.0 590.7 536.5 595.1 28.1 24.7 25.3 24.6

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222.4 218.6 212.5 218.2 304.4 301.6 280.0 301.5 20.4 17.8 18.7 17.8

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169.7 158.1 152.0 158.1 262.8 265.2 240.6 265.9 18.1 16.5 16.6 16.7

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249.0 243.0 204.7 240.8 400.6 399.3 360.3 399.5 21.4 20.1 19.4 19.9

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137.7 126.2 131.0 127.3 373.7 362.1 336.0 361.9 21.5 17.2 16.5 17.5

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.6 52.1 45.1 52.3 113.6 111.4 97.8 112.7 6.8 6.4 6.1 6.4

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.3 107.8 104.0 109.3 462.2 452.6 397.5 456.2 35.3 31.3 32.6 31.4

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241.2 229.1 214.9 230.3 564.3 544.6 455.9 545.4 94.0 88.2 89.3 89.2

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615.1 570.1 413.5 559.0 780.0 765.4 625.6 765.6 54.9 49.3 48.4 50.4

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319.1 305.2 298.7 306.4 517.5 500.8 459.7 504.5 45.2 40.1 41.9 40.0

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.9 141.2 122.8 139.6 228.1 231.6 211.6 230.4 10.3 9.4 9.3 9.3

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275.3 269.6 250.8 264.5 533.4 537.0 484.0 536.2 47.2 43.8 43.8 44.3

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.7 21.0 18.7 20.8 92.6 92.0 84.8 92.6 6.0 5.7 5.7 5.4

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.6 99.7 94.6 99.8 193.2 193.6 181.3 193.5 17.1 15.7 16.1 15.7

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.5 58.0 52.4 60.0 262.2 272.7 221.3 271.1 14.7 13.2 12.4 13.3

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.5 67.1 64.2 66.9 137.3 136.0 117.2 136.3 12.4 11.7 11.5 11.5

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249.3 241.3 219.5 241.3 874.3 833.8 724.0 833.3 70.3 66.0 67.7 66.8

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.2 26.4 25.5 26.7 135.4 132.3 121.8 132.6 10.4 8.0 8.3 7.7

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429.9 402.0 350.5 406.3 1,511.8 1,374.4 1,146.6 1,379.1 293.5 267.7 261.8 263.6

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 472.3 458.8 424.4 461.0 846.7 861.3 772.7 858.1 76.2 76.3 72.3 77.5

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.2 25.0 23.5 25.3 92.1 87.8 84.8 89.3 6.0 5.7 5.7 5.7

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 690.0 659.6 581.0 655.8 1,016.1 1,015.5 895.9 1,018.3 67.8 62.8 61.4 62.9

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138.9 129.3 130.2 130.2 303.0 301.2 278.8 303.1 19.7 17.5 18.3 17.2

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192.8 181.8 178.5 181.1 354.8 356.5 318.8 355.1 34.6 33.0 31.8 33.3

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566.9 541.2 490.7 540.8 1,113.3 1,085.8 916.3 1,083.8 87.6 79.6 79.7 82.4

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.6 38.4 33.2 38.6 75.7 73.0 59.2 72.1 5.7 4.9 5.0 4.9

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256.1 247.7 224.9 244.2 406.0 411.0 369.9 410.5 26.0 24.3 24.0 24.5

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.2 43.4 42.5 43.8 84.3 84.9 77.9 85.2 5.4 4.8 4.9 4.7

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352.9 347.5 294.5 343.9 634.8 643.8 584.3 638.5 45.1 43.5 41.6 44.0

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 906.6 869.2 852.3 867.2 2,506.0 2,535.2 2,306.4 2,534.2 209.2 201.2 192.1 200.8

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.8 140.9 132.9 142.7 286.6 299.1 265.0 297.8 39.5 38.9 36.5 39.1

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.5 28.5 24.6 29.1 52.5 50.0 42.5 49.7 4.2 3.9 3.8 3.9

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241.8 236.1 224.0 237.2 649.2 645.2 583.7 650.3 68.5 64.2 64.1 65.1

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287.7 260.3 268.4 258.1 641.0 640.8 581.5 642.7 148.9 153.5 146.4 152.1

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.4 44.6 43.0 45.3 122.3 121.0 108.9 121.2 7.9 7.2 7.0 7.2

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474.2 466.1 436.0 466.8 526.6 518.2 468.5 520.6 46.8 44.5 43.3 44.5

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7 9.4 9.3 9.7 50.5 50.0 47.8 50.3 3.2 2.8 2.9 2.8

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.0 77.5 67.0 77.2 171.6 170.3 138.7 169.3 18.8 14.9 14.9 14.7

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 7.2 6.5 5.8 6.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Financial activities Professional and business services Education and health services

March April March April March April

2020 2021 2020 2021p

2020 2021 2020 2021p2020 2021 2020 2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.1 96.5 95.4 95.5 251.4 251.0 220.3 247.7 250.1 238.3 225.1 239.3

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 10.4 10.4 10.6 27.4 25.2 24.8 25.3 51.3 50.1 45.8 49.8

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233.5 230.4 229.0 231.5 447.0 430.4 413.8 433.0 477.3 469.9 433.3 471.0

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.9 64.4 63.1 64.2 145.9 144.5 131.6 146.4 195.3 188.8 178.2 188.7

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 840.6 806.4 798.3 802.9 2,713.3 2,630.4 2,463.0 2,653.0 2,876.1 2,756.8 2,591.7 2,773.0

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175.3 172.2 168.7 172.7 439.0 432.5 413.8 438.0 351.5 342.8 309.2 346.2

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121.6 118.8 118.6 117.9 213.3 199.5 196.1 207.3 349.3 328.5 303.0 328.3

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.5 46.7 46.8 46.9 63.1 60.2 59.3 61.4 81.6 77.6 72.9 78.2

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.8 27.6 29.1 28.2 173.9 164.1 165.4 166.0 133.6 125.6 126.6 126.4

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 601.0 599.4 577.4 600.8 1,394.5 1,382.7 1,273.5 1,387.3 1,366.9 1,322.2 1,235.4 1,330.8

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254.1 251.2 247.2 249.5 723.3 711.4 650.4 712.3 617.7 597.8 547.5 602.7

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.8 27.0 26.9 26.9 74.3 68.6 62.4 69.0 88.0 82.7 76.4 81.7

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.9 40.4 36.1 40.5 98.4 98.3 94.6 98.9 115.3 115.8 105.0 115.2

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411.4 399.6 402.3 400.2 915.7 887.6 845.2 901.4 949.8 896.2 855.1 896.4

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141.3 139.6 136.9 138.8 337.4 320.1 296.7 325.2 479.9 466.5 437.9 466.4

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109.5 110.1 107.8 109.9 136.8 133.1 130.0 134.7 239.7 224.5 211.4 223.9

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.3 74.9 75.9 74.9 172.4 170.8 161.8 172.6 203.4 200.2 188.7 199.4

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.4 95.5 89.9 94.4 213.4 209.8 186.3 209.8 289.6 275.8 251.9 275.5

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.4 87.9 89.3 88.3 215.0 204.6 193.9 206.2 323.6 312.7 294.1 313.3

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.8 32.0 31.9 32.1 67.9 67.8 64.3 69.4 130.2 126.6 117.8 126.7

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140.5 134.4 134.9 135.5 452.5 454.0 424.0 459.8 472.8 452.8 415.1 454.4

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220.1 217.3 212.8 217.9 595.5 581.2 556.0 598.9 826.3 763.1 716.8 765.3

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226.2 223.3 214.3 224.5 646.0 614.5 506.7 620.4 687.4 647.9 583.2 644.2

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194.3 192.2 190.8 191.0 371.5 352.3 343.7 363.4 561.2 540.0 509.5 538.4

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.9 42.1 42.9 42.7 108.5 109.8 96.4 109.7 146.6 139.9 132.9 141.2

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174.8 169.6 171.4 170.4 379.4 371.4 350.4 373.4 496.2 489.5 463.1 493.8

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.3 25.9 25.5 26.0 43.2 43.7 40.8 44.5 80.2 79.5 72.9 79.4

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.0 73.6 74.0 73.5 119.6 117.5 113.7 120.1 156.4 158.0 146.0 157.2

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.8 68.1 64.2 68.1 197.5 182.4 162.8 187.2 147.6 143.3 129.3 143.6

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.1 34.1 33.1 34.0 83.1 86.4 77.0 85.5 126.8 119.2 109.5 120.1

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249.7 247.9 237.9 247.2 673.5 643.2 604.1 655.3 729.3 678.1 618.0 677.6

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.4 31.7 34.1 32.4 112.1 107.7 103.5 107.5 141.7 136.6 130.4 136.5

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 726.2 694.0 694.5 694.3 1,326.4 1,249.6 1,170.3 1,267.7 2,187.7 2,048.5 1,901.6 2,056.8

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255.8 256.7 249.9 256.4 649.8 663.3 600.3 661.2 630.1 602.4 567.0 602.3

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.8 24.6 24.3 24.5 32.2 31.0 30.3 31.5 67.9 65.7 64.0 65.7

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305.1 305.7 296.1 306.3 712.7 683.6 647.0 694.9 942.1 900.5 831.4 903.9

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.7 75.5 76.1 74.6 193.0 183.0 176.9 186.5 241.7 233.0 224.4 234.5

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.5 102.6 98.6 103.4 252.3 246.9 231.9 248.0 317.1 300.5 278.4 299.7

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331.0 320.6 319.1 323.8 796.9 754.5 716.0 762.0 1,317.7 1,250.0 1,166.5 1,246.8

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.2 34.1 33.7 34.5 66.4 61.8 59.6 64.2 111.2 102.8 92.4 102.5

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.2 105.5 103.3 103.8 288.5 285.1 256.6 286.0 261.5 252.6 231.5 255.2

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.5 28.1 27.9 27.9 33.0 32.4 31.9 32.3 74.7 74.9 70.9 74.5

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173.9 168.9 168.2 169.9 426.1 429.6 385.4 429.4 449.8 430.9 414.5 431.3

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 813.9 821.2 790.5 821.9 1,810.9 1,811.4 1,674.9 1,833.0 1,768.4 1,711.5 1,598.5 1,712.6

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.7 97.1 91.2 97.3 222.2 232.4 216.2 237.0 215.6 213.9 197.0 213.8

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.2 11.7 11.6 12.0 28.7 28.7 26.2 29.4 67.6 64.6 57.5 63.9

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212.7 205.2 207.3 205.6 768.0 759.8 739.3 766.0 558.6 533.6 498.0 534.4

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161.6 156.6 155.8 158.5 437.4 431.1 410.2 430.6 509.8 512.3 465.7 515.1

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.7 28.8 28.6 29.1 67.9 66.2 63.0 67.1 132.7 128.7 120.7 128.7

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153.7 149.4 149.6 150.1 315.5 313.3 290.8 318.2 467.9 450.2 426.7 449.3

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 10.9 10.7 10.8 18.1 18.0 17.5 18.4 29.0 28.4 27.4 28.0

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.2 43.0 42.4 42.9 124.4 118.4 108.4 116.8 120.2 111.4 107.7 111.6

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.4 2.4 2.1 2.1 2.1

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Leisure and hospitality Other services Government

March April March April March April

2020 2021 2020 2021p

2020 2021 2020 2021p2020 2021 2020 2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202.4 186.9 130.5 188.0 99.2 91.7 84.1 90.9 395.9 388.1 387.0 389.9

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.0 23.7 17.8 24.7 10.8 10.3 8.5 10.4 80.3 78.1 76.1 78.9

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334.8 290.4 200.0 298.7 94.2 91.6 74.4 91.7 434.3 413.2 426.0 414.7

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119.4 107.3 76.4 111.1 65.9 66.7 61.9 67.0 217.1 208.1 210.3 209.1

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,968.7 1,401.3 1,078.8 1,483.1 575.3 457.5 397.4 472.3 2,651.4 2,436.5 2,561.7 2,449.6

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336.7 276.9 172.8 285.2 113.6 107.2 89.0 110.0 466.2 441.9 452.5 445.6

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142.6 115.8 64.0 121.5 63.5 57.3 42.0 58.2 240.4 228.1 217.3 228.0

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.2 39.8 24.7 42.5 18.5 16.4 12.9 16.5 68.8 66.4 65.6 66.7

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.2 39.8 32.8 43.9 77.6 69.6 72.4 69.3 237.5 239.7 236.2 240.3

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,269.8 1,023.5 735.7 1,034.2 352.4 327.5 275.3 331.6 1,153.0 1,102.0 1,130.9 1,099.6

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484.5 423.9 292.1 426.4 166.3 149.8 121.5 151.0 699.2 673.1 680.9 673.8

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125.1 80.7 59.5 86.0 28.0 21.5 21.1 21.8 130.3 118.2 117.2 120.5

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.0 80.9 49.0 83.5 26.5 24.9 22.4 25.1 129.6 128.2 123.9 128.2

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 582.2 438.7 327.4 465.4 252.8 234.6 204.7 237.2 837.7 794.4 793.6 800.8

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298.1 269.1 178.4 276.4 125.0 111.5 84.3 113.1 437.2 415.8 413.9 415.5

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.0 115.9 77.9 121.7 57.2 55.0 48.1 56.2 267.5 256.5 254.6 257.5

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124.9 112.8 75.8 116.5 51.2 48.5 42.7 48.6 265.6 253.3 256.9 253.8

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192.6 159.8 115.4 166.5 68.6 62.4 52.7 62.9 313.9 298.4 301.2 301.8

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228.8 194.5 134.6 196.2 72.4 66.6 54.1 66.0 333.7 315.7 320.7 316.3

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.1 46.4 27.9 49.0 22.0 20.8 16.7 21.0 104.3 99.5 98.6 98.8

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258.3 205.4 131.8 218.5 111.3 103.0 85.2 103.9 517.8 508.5 504.0 510.5

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337.1 244.4 149.4 264.9 135.2 111.2 85.5 112.9 472.2 435.1 443.4 438.1

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401.4 325.7 183.5 328.5 163.4 143.0 112.4 143.4 629.7 582.8 584.7 584.0

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254.4 198.8 122.8 208.5 113.1 100.9 77.8 101.7 431.9 411.2 402.4 414.8

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.8 119.6 85.3 123.6 40.5 40.2 34.1 40.4 245.0 236.0 231.7 236.2

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294.5 255.1 169.4 270.7 115.8 108.8 95.9 109.4 447.0 428.1 430.3 429.7

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.2 60.8 34.9 61.1 18.7 19.0 15.6 19.3 92.1 90.3 89.2 90.7

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.5 80.6 55.2 83.9 37.0 36.3 31.7 35.9 175.6 169.3 169.4 170.9

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350.1 250.3 176.6 259.3 41.8 38.2 29.0 38.4 170.8 162.5 160.1 163.2

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.7 56.0 29.7 58.7 24.6 21.5 15.8 22.2 93.1 89.0 85.8 87.6

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360.4 276.3 184.8 294.5 166.5 141.5 115.4 144.4 614.7 576.9 587.1 579.0

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.3 79.0 57.5 80.5 28.2 26.0 23.2 25.8 191.2 175.4 186.0 176.7

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 870.5 593.5 355.4 640.9 401.4 336.6 267.8 342.2 1,509.4 1,445.6 1,448.9 1,446.5

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495.0 429.5 288.0 438.9 167.6 156.9 124.4 156.5 757.3 716.6 735.1 718.4

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.5 35.3 21.8 36.3 15.5 14.3 13.0 14.7 84.9 81.8 76.5 81.5

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535.9 461.4 296.6 474.7 204.3 189.3 142.9 190.9 799.0 758.7 767.7 760.7

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169.7 166.4 117.2 168.9 68.2 65.7 55.4 65.7 358.8 345.3 350.7 345.7

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205.0 154.5 103.4 161.9 63.8 59.1 48.3 60.3 306.7 281.2 292.3 284.4

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 536.4 420.6 240.6 440.5 257.6 227.5 165.0 230.2 721.1 682.2 694.3 685.9

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.9 41.6 21.3 44.3 22.3 19.9 14.9 20.3 66.2 62.5 64.1 62.8

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259.3 230.2 152.7 235.8 79.5 73.2 62.8 74.0 381.0 369.4 367.2 370.6

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.9 38.9 26.0 39.4 16.7 17.3 15.2 17.5 80.6 79.6 74.7 80.2

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336.1 292.8 219.8 301.9 123.2 119.4 105.7 120.7 452.3 437.5 436.9 438.5

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,371.6 1,220.1 861.3 1,254.9 441.3 400.4 338.0 403.4 2,032.1 1,984.7 1,970.1 1,984.6

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153.1 143.8 92.8 145.2 41.2 41.4 34.1 41.9 257.0 247.3 245.9 249.1

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.9 27.0 12.0 23.4 9.9 9.4 7.9 9.7 56.8 53.1 53.2 52.8

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394.9 319.8 216.8 329.2 193.8 178.9 157.7 179.4 748.0 713.1 725.1 716.0

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330.8 254.7 206.1 273.1 131.1 115.6 109.0 117.1 598.9 552.0 568.9 559.2

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.9 62.2 38.6 66.0 23.5 21.1 18.3 21.5 156.9 149.5 147.1 150.4

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264.9 214.8 134.2 225.9 151.5 147.3 124.8 146.8 419.8 390.0 388.8 395.8

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 33.3 21.3 32.1 16.2 15.8 15.2 15.8 69.1 66.5 67.0 66.5

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.5 73.1 50.5 73.3 18.0 16.3 13.4 16.4 204.4 196.0 202.0 196.5

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 4.6 3.9 4.7 1.8 1.5 1.4 1.4 11.0 10.5 11.2 10.6

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
TEXAS

N.M.

CALIF.

NEV.

MONT.

ARIZ.

ORE.

S.D.

WYO.

KAN. MO.

N.D.

COLO.

NEB.

GA.

UTAH ILL.

MINN.

LA.

PA.

IDAHO

FLA.

N.Y

KY.

WIS.

N.C.

VA.

OKLA.

ALA.

ARK.

IOWA

WASH.

MISS.

IND.

OHIO

S.C.

MICH.

TENN.

W.VA.

MD.

Map 1. Unemployment rates by state, seasonally April 2021

(U.S. rate = 6.1 percent)

HAWAII

ALASKA
WASH.

ORE.

CALIF.

IDAHO

NEV.

ARIZ.

MONT.

WYO.

COLO.

N.M.

N.D.

S.D.

NEB.

KAN.

OKLA.

TEXAS

MINN.

IOWA

MO.

ARK.

LA.

WIS.

ILL.

MICH.

IND. OHIO

KY.

TENN.

MISS. ALA. GA.

S.C.

N.C.

VA. W.VA.

PA.

N.Y.

MAINE

N.H.

VT.

MASS.

R.I.

N.J.

CONN.

DEL.

FLA.

MD. UTAH

ALASKA

HAWAII

D.C.

Above 15.0%

11.1% - 15.0%

9.1% to - 11.0%

7.5% - 9.0%

Below 7.5%

Map 2. Percentage change in nonfarm employment by state,

seasonally adjusted, April 2020 - April 2021