For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, August 30, 2022 USDL-22-1758

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JULY 2022

The number of job openings was little changed at 11.2 million on the last business day of July, the U.S. 

Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires and total separations were little changed at 6.4 million 

and 5.9 million, respectively. Within separations, quits (4.2 million) and layoffs and discharges (1.4

million) were little changed. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, 

hires, and separations for the total nonfarm sector, by industry, and by establishment size class.

Job Openings

On the last business day of July, the number and rate of job openings were little changed at 11.2 million

and 6.9 percent, respectively. Job openings increased in transportation, warehousing, and utilities 

(+81,000); arts, entertainment, and recreation (+53,000); federal government (+47,000); and state and 

local government education (+42,000). Job openings decreased in durable goods manufacturing 

(-47,000). (See table 1.)

Hires

In July, the number of hires was little changed at 6.4 million and the rate was unchanged at 4.2 percent.

Hires were little changed in all industries. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 

voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 

workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 

by the employer. Other separations includes separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 

to other locations of the same firm.

 3.0

 3.4

 3.8

 4.2

 4.6

 5.0

 5.4

 5.8

 6.2

 6.6

 7.0

 7.4

Jul-19 Jan-20 Jul-20 Jan-21 Jul-21 Jan-22 Jul-22

Percent

Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted,

July 2019 - July 2022

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

Jul-19 Jan-20 Jul-20 Jan-21 Jul-21 Jan-22 Jul-22

Hires

Separations

Percent

Chart 2. Hires and total separations rates, seasonally adjusted,

July 2019 - July 2022
- 2 -

In July, the number and rate of total separations were little changed at 5.9 million and 3.9 percent, 

respectively. Total separations increased in transportation, warehousing, and utilities (+65,000). 

(See table 3.)

In July, the number and rate of quits were little changed at 4.2 million and 2.7 percent, respectively. 

Quits decreased in health care and social assistance (-73,000) and in state and local government 

education (-21,000). Quits increased in transportation, warehousing, and utilities (+39,000).

(See table 4.)

In July, the number of layoffs and discharges was little changed at 1.4 million and the rate was 

unchanged at 0.9 percent. Layoffs and discharges were little changed in all industries. (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed in July at 352,000. Other separations increased in 

wholesale trade (+10,000); information (+8,000); and nondurable goods manufacturing (+6,000). Other 

separations decreased in accommodation and food services (-25,000) and in federal government

(-4,000). (See table 6.)

Establishment Size Class

In July, the hires rate increased in establishments with 1,000 to 4,999 employees. The layoffs and 

discharges rate increased in establishments with 250 to 999 employees but decreased in establishments 

with 1,000 to 4,999 employees. For a more in-depth description of the JOLTS establishment size class 

estimates, please visit www.bls.gov/jlt/sizeclassmethodology.htm.

____________

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for August 2022 are scheduled to be 

released on Tuesday, October 4, 2022 at 10:00 a.m. (ET).
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY

(in thousands)

Total................................................... 10,783 11,040 11,239 6,556 6,456 6,382 5,874 6,009 5,929

Total private....................................... 9,816 10,054 10,154 6,145 6,033 5,980 5,538 5,619 5,587

Mining and logging............................. 34 38 36 20 30 29 17 21 21

Construction.................................... 337 353 375 365 352 384 346 325 350

Manufacturing.................................. 943 850 834 469 481 444 412 446 437

Durable goods............................... 560 558 511 256 245 232 214 239 226

Nondurable goods........................... 383 293 323 214 236 212 198 207 211

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 1,897 1,653 1,824 1,349 1,277 1,294 1,270 1,194 1,274

Wholesale trade............................. 264 276 281 179 171 165 169 161 162

Retail trade................................... 1,082 885 970 872 790 797 855 746 760

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities...................................... 551 492 573 298 316 332 246 287 352

Information...................................... 181 239 218 106 116 104 86 95 91

Financial activities.............................. 540 622 635 247 210 213 212 201 190

Finance and insurance..................... 347 476 473 158 145 138 144 144 124

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . .. 192 145 162 89 65 75 69 58 66

Professional and business services......... 1,935 2,127 2,089 1,325 1,263 1,293 1,214 1,229 1,251

Education and health services............... 1,896 2,222 2,176 766 914 883 700 806 741

Educational services........................ 174 196 193 99 111 102 72 82 78

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 1,722 2,026 1,982 666 803 780 629 723 664

Leisure and hospitality........................ 1,602 1,494 1,517 1,241 1,167 1,108 1,064 1,074 1,015

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 257 152 205 170 180 166 127 156 161

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 1,345 1,343 1,312 1,071 987 941 938 918 854

Other services.................................. 451 456 451 256 221 228 215 229 218

Government....................................... 966 986 1,085 411 423 402 336 390 342

Federal.......................................... 123 114 161 48 43 46 44 47 40

State and local................................. 843 872 924 363 380 356 292 343 302

State and local education.................. 336 318 360 210 193 179 141 169 142

State and local, excluding education. . . .. 507 554 564 152 187 177 150 174 160

RATES BY INDUSTRY

(percent)

Total................................................... 6.9 6.8 6.9 4.5 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.9

Total private....................................... 7.3 7.2 7.2 4.9 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.3

Mining and logging............................. 5.7 5.6 5.3 3.5 4.8 4.6 2.9 3.3 3.2

Construction.................................... 4.4 4.4 4.6 4.9 4.6 5.0 4.7 4.2 4.5

Manufacturing.................................. 7.1 6.2 6.1 3.8 3.8 3.5 3.3 3.5 3.4

Durable goods............................... 6.8 6.6 6.0 3.3 3.1 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.8

Nondurable goods........................... 7.6 5.7 6.2 4.6 4.9 4.4 4.2 4.3 4.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 6.4 5.4 6.0 4.9 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.2 4.4

Wholesale trade............................. 4.4 4.5 4.6 3.1 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.7 2.8

Retail trade................................... 6.6 5.3 5.8 5.7 5.0 5.0 5.6 4.7 4.8

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities...................................... 7.7 6.5 7.5 4.5 4.5 4.7 3.7 4.1 5.0

Information...................................... 6.0 7.4 6.7 3.7 3.9 3.4 3.0 3.1 3.0

Financial activities.............................. 5.8 6.5 6.6 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.1

Finance and insurance..................... 5.1 6.7 6.7 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . .. 7.8 5.8 6.4 3.9 2.8 3.2 3.0 2.4 2.8

Professional and business services......... 8.4 8.7 8.5 6.2 5.7 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.6

Education and health services............... 7.4 8.4 8.2 3.2 3.8 3.6 3.0 3.3 3.0

Educational services........................ 4.6 4.9 4.8 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.0 2.2 2.0

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 7.9 9.0 8.8 3.3 3.9 3.8 3.1 3.5 3.2

Leisure and hospitality........................ 10.1 8.7 8.8 8.7 7.4 7.0 7.5 6.9 6.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 11.3 6.2 8.1 8.5 7.8 7.1 6.3 6.8 6.9

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 9.9 9.1 8.9 8.8 7.4 7.0 7.7 6.9 6.4

Other services.................................. 7.6 7.4 7.3 4.7 3.9 4.0 3.9 4.0 3.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

Government....................................... 4.2 4.2 4.6 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.5

Federal.......................................... 4.1 3.8 5.3 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.4

State and local................................. 4.2 4.3 4.5 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.6

State and local education.................. 3.2 3.0 3.4 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.4 1.6 1.4

State and local, excluding education. . . .. 5.4 5.8 5.9 1.7 2.1 2.0 1.7 1.9 1.8

p Preliminary
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

JOLTS program provides information on labor 

demand and turnover. Additional information about 

the JOLTS program can be found at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job 

openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other 

separations, and total separations. The JOLTS 

program covers all private nonfarm establishments, 

as well as civilian federal, state, and local 

government entities in the 50 states and the District 

of Columbia. Industries are classified in accordance 

with the North American Industry Classification 

System. 

Definitions 

Employment. Employment includes persons on 

the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay 

period that includes the 12th day of the reference 

month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, 

seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are 

included, as are employees on paid vacation or other 

paid leave. Proprietors or partners of unincorporated 

businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on 

strike for the entire pay period, and employees on 

leave without pay for the entire pay period are not 

counted as employed. Employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where 

they are working. JOLTS does not publish 

employment estimates but uses the reported 

employment for validation of the other reported data 

elements. 

Job Openings. Job openings include all 

positions that are open on the last business day of the 

reference month. A job is open only if it meets all 

three of these conditions: 

 A specific position exists and there is work

available for that position. The position can

be full-time or part-time, and it can be

permanent, short-term, or seasonal.

 The job could start within 30 days, whether

or not the employer can find a suitable

candidate during that time.

 The employer is actively recruiting workers

from outside the establishment to fill the

position. Active recruiting means that the

establishment is taking steps to fill a 

position. It may include advertising in 

newspapers, on television, or on the radio; 

posting Internet notices, posting “help 

wanted” signs, networking or making 

“word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting 

applications; interviewing candidates; 

contacting employment agencies; or 

soliciting employees at job fairs, state or 

local employment offices, or similar 

sources. 

Excluded are positions open only to internal 

transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from 

layoffs. Also excluded are openings for positions 

with start dates more than 30 days in the future, 

positions for which employees have been hired but 

the employees have not yet reported for work, and 

positions to be filled by employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 

computed by dividing the number of job openings by 

the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll 

during the entire reference month, including newly 

hired and rehired employees; full-time and part-time 

employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal 

employees; employees who were recalled to a job at 

the location following a layoff (formal suspension 

from pay status) lasting more than 7 days; on-call or 

intermittent employees who returned to work after 

having been formally separated; workers who were 

hired and separated during the month, and transfers 

from other locations. Excluded are transfers or 

promotions within the reporting location, employees 

returning from strike, employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is 

computed by dividing the number of hires by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Separations. Separations include all separations 

from the payroll during the entire reference month 

and is reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs 

and discharges, and other separations. Quits include 

employees who left voluntarily with the exception of 

retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs 

and discharges includes involuntary separations 

initiated by the employer including layoffs with no 

intent to rehire; layoffs (formal suspensions from pay 

status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; 
discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or 

closings; firings or other discharges for cause; 

terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 

and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or 

not they are expected to return the next season). 

Other separations include retirements, transfers to 

other locations, separations due to employee 

disability; and deaths. Excluded from separations are 

transfers within the same location; employees on 

strike; employees of temporary help agencies, 

employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or 

consultants. The separations rate is computed by 

dividing the number of separations by employment 

and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, 

layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are 

computed similarly. 

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random 

sample of 20,700 nonfarm business and government 

establishments. The sample is stratified by 

ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment 

size class. The establishments are drawn from a 

universe of over 9.4 million establishments compiled 

by the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages 

(QCEW) program which includes all employers 

subject to state unemployment insurance laws and 

federal agencies subject to the Unemployment 

Compensation for Federal Employees program. 

Employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio 

adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment 

estimates of the Current Employment Statistics 

(CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment 

is used to adjust the levels for all other JOLTS data 

elements. 

Birth/death model. The time lag from the start 

up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance 

on the sampling frame is approximately one year. 

Also within the first year, new businesses may go out 

of business, referred to as a death. Because not all 

births and deaths of establishments can be reflected 

on the sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS 

sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and 

separations from them during their early existence. 

BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses 

establishment birth and death activity from previous 

years. The estimates of job openings, hires, and 

separations produced by the birth/death model are 

added to the sample-based estimates produced from 

the survey to arrive at the estimates for job openings, 

hires, and separations. 

Alignment. The JOLTS figure for hires minus 

separations can be used to derive a measure of net 

employment change. This change should be 

comparable to the net employment change from the 

much larger CES survey. However, definitional 

differences as well as sampling and nonsampling 

errors between the two surveys historically caused 

JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the 

divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

monthly alignment method. There are four steps to 

this method: seasonally adjust, align, back out the 

seasonal adjustment factors, and seasonally adjust 

again. 

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses X-13 ARIMA 

for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal 

adjustment methodology is used in which new 

seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each 

month, using all relevant data up to and including 

current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors 

at the beginning and end of the series and to detect 

and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally 

adjusted CES employment trends are applied to the 

seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment 

trends (hires minus separations) forcing them to be 

approximately the same, while preserving the 

seasonality of the JOLTS data. 

Annual estimates. The JOLTS estimates are 

revised annually to reflect annual updates to the CES 

employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal 

adjustment factors. The JOLTS employment levels 

are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and 

the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data 

elements. The seasonally adjusted data are 

recalculated for the most recent 5 years in order to 

reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors. These 

annual updates result in revisions to both the 

seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted 

JOLTS data series, for the period since the last 

benchmark was established. 

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and 

discharges, other separations, and total separations 

are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. 

Annual rates are computed by dividing the annual 

level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) 
annual average employment level, and multiplying 

that quotient by 100. This figure will be 

approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly 

rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates 

are published only for not seasonally adjusted data 

and are released with the January news release each 

year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job 

openings because job openings are a stock, or pointin-time, measurement for the last business day of 

each month. 

Reliability of the estimates 

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling 

and nonsampling error. Nonsampling error occurs 

when a sample is surveyed rather than the entire 

population. There is a chance that the sample 

estimates may differ from the true population values 

they represent. The difference, or sampling error, 

varies depending on the particular sample selected. 

This variability is measured by the standard error of 

the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at 

the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that 

there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no 

more than 1.6 standard errors from the true 

population value because of sampling error. 

Sampling error estimates are available at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by 

nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for 

many reasons including: the failure to include a 

segment of the population; the inability to obtain data 

from all units in the sample; the inability or 

unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 

timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors 

made in the collection or processing of the data; and 

errors from the employment benchmark data used in 

estimation. 

Other information 

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech

disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access

telecommunications relay services.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

July

2021

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022p

July

2021

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022p

Total............................................... 10,783 11,855 11,681 11,303 11,040 11,239 6.9 7.3 7.2 6.9 6.8 6.9

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 9,816 10,812 10,627 10,275 10,054 10,154 7.3 7.7 7.6 7.4 7.2 7.2

Mining and logging......................... 34 45 41 36 38 36 5.7 6.9 6.3 5.4 5.6 5.3

Construction................................ 337 426 440 405 353 375 4.4 5.3 5.5 5.0 4.4 4.6

Manufacturing.............................. 943 877 1,017 816 850 834 7.1 6.5 7.4 6.0 6.2 6.1

Durable goods........................... 560 536 625 505 558 511 6.8 6.4 7.3 6.0 6.6 6.0

Nondurable goods....................... 383 340 392 311 293 323 7.6 6.6 7.5 6.0 5.7 6.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,897 2,036 1,886 2,108 1,653 1,824 6.4 6.6 6.2 6.8 5.4 6.0

Wholesale trade......................... 264 295 300 371 276 281 4.4 4.8 4.9 6.0 4.5 4.6

Retail trade............................... 1,082 1,263 1,040 1,185 885 970 6.6 7.4 6.2 7.0 5.3 5.8

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 551 478 546 551 492 573 7.7 6.4 7.2 7.2 6.5 7.5

Information.................................. 181 226 265 248 239 218 6.0 7.1 8.2 7.7 7.4 6.7

Financial activities......................... 540 508 511 524 622 635 5.8 5.4 5.4 5.5 6.5 6.6

Finance and insurance................. 347 375 360 370 476 473 5.1 5.4 5.2 5.3 6.7 6.7

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 192 133 151 154 145 162 7.8 5.4 6.0 6.1 5.8 6.4

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,935 2,330 2,327 2,007 2,127 2,089 8.4 9.5 9.5 8.3 8.7 8.5

Education and health services........... 1,896 2,278 2,152 2,147 2,222 2,176 7.4 8.6 8.2 8.1 8.4 8.2

Educational services.................... 174 211 205 179 196 193 4.6 5.3 5.2 4.5 4.9 4.8

Health care and social assistance. . .. 1,722 2,067 1,946 1,967 2,026 1,982 7.9 9.2 8.7 8.8 9.0 8.8

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,602 1,660 1,498 1,542 1,494 1,517 10.1 9.7 8.8 9.0 8.7 8.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 257 207 171 157 152 205 11.3 8.4 7.0 6.4 6.2 8.1

Accommodation and food services. .. 1,345 1,453 1,327 1,385 1,343 1,312 9.9 9.9 9.1 9.4 9.1 8.9

Other services.............................. 451 426 490 442 456 451 7.6 7.0 7.9 7.2 7.4 7.3

Government................................... 966 1,044 1,054 1,028 986 1,085 4.2 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.2 4.6

Federal...................................... 123 128 125 121 114 161 4.1 4.3 4.2 4.1 3.8 5.3

State and local............................. 843 915 929 907 872 924 4.2 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.5

State and local education.............. 336 327 366 362 318 360 3.2 3.1 3.4 3.4 3.0 3.4

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 507 588 563 545 554 564 5.4 6.1 5.9 5.7 5.8 5.9

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 1,899 1,980 1,911 1,933 1,870 1,766 6.8 6.9 6.6 6.7 6.5 6.1

South........................................... 4,119 4,650 4,503 4,237 4,330 4,395 7.0 7.6 7.4 7.0 7.1 7.2

Midwest........................................ 2,329 2,533 2,684 2,479 2,433 2,459 6.8 7.2 7.6 7.0 6.9 6.9

West............................................ 2,436 2,693 2,582 2,655 2,407 2,619 6.7 7.1 6.8 7.0 6.4 6.9

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

July

2021

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022p

July

2021

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022p

Total............................................... 6,556 6,645 6,527 6,507 6,456 6,382 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.2

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 6,145 6,241 6,127 6,098 6,033 5,980 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.6

Mining and logging......................... 20 24 24 26 30 29 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.3 4.8 4.6

Construction................................ 365 399 349 359 352 384 4.9 5.2 4.6 4.7 4.6 5.0

Manufacturing.............................. 469 514 497 468 481 444 3.8 4.1 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.5

Durable goods........................... 256 279 273 249 245 232 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.1 3.1 2.9

Nondurable goods....................... 214 235 223 219 236 212 4.6 4.9 4.6 4.5 4.9 4.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,349 1,385 1,351 1,324 1,277 1,294 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.4 4.5

Wholesale trade......................... 179 173 191 196 171 165 3.1 3.0 3.3 3.4 2.9 2.8

Retail trade............................... 872 906 831 791 790 797 5.7 5.7 5.3 5.0 5.0 5.0

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 298 306 328 336 316 332 4.5 4.4 4.7 4.8 4.5 4.7

Information.................................. 106 106 102 105 116 104 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.9 3.4

Financial activities......................... 247 223 277 233 210 213 2.8 2.5 3.1 2.6 2.4 2.4

Finance and insurance................. 158 150 188 155 145 138 2.4 2.3 2.8 2.3 2.2 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 89 73 90 79 65 75 3.9 3.1 3.8 3.3 2.8 3.2

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,325 1,320 1,328 1,303 1,263 1,293 6.2 6.0 6.0 5.9 5.7 5.8

Education and health services........... 766 811 852 899 914 883 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.7 3.8 3.6

Educational services.................... 99 108 110 126 111 102 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.3 2.9 2.7

Health care and social assistance. . .. 666 703 742 773 803 780 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.9 3.8

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,241 1,198 1,111 1,148 1,167 1,108 8.7 7.7 7.1 7.4 7.4 7.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 170 177 167 172 180 166 8.5 7.9 7.3 7.5 7.8 7.1

Accommodation and food services. .. 1,071 1,021 944 976 987 941 8.8 7.7 7.1 7.3 7.4 7.0

Other services.............................. 256 261 235 235 221 228 4.7 4.6 4.1 4.1 3.9 4.0

Government................................... 411 404 400 409 423 402 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.8

Federal...................................... 48 40 42 42 43 46 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6

State and local............................. 363 364 358 367 380 356 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.8

State and local education.............. 210 196 181 188 193 179 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.7

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 152 168 177 178 187 177 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.0

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 950 962 963 981 933 922 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.4

South........................................... 2,614 2,836 2,741 2,711 2,700 2,691 4.8 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.7

Midwest........................................ 1,501 1,352 1,293 1,337 1,373 1,346 4.7 4.1 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.1

West............................................ 1,491 1,494 1,530 1,479 1,450 1,423 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.0

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

July

2021

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022p

July

2021

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022p

Total............................................... 5,874 6,248 5,965 6,017 6,009 5,929 4.0 4.1 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.9

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 5,538 5,843 5,593 5,649 5,619 5,587 4.5 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.3

Mining and logging......................... 17 21 17 23 21 21 2.9 3.4 2.8 3.7 3.3 3.2

Construction................................ 346 380 341 336 325 350 4.7 5.0 4.5 4.4 4.2 4.5

Manufacturing.............................. 412 488 462 438 446 437 3.3 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.4

Durable goods........................... 214 255 248 229 239 226 2.8 3.2 3.1 2.9 3.0 2.8

Nondurable goods....................... 198 233 214 209 207 211 4.2 4.9 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,270 1,302 1,244 1,231 1,194 1,274 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.4

Wholesale trade......................... 169 151 172 185 161 162 3.0 2.6 2.9 3.1 2.7 2.8

Retail trade............................... 855 871 793 776 746 760 5.6 5.5 5.0 4.9 4.7 4.8

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 246 281 279 271 287 352 3.7 4.0 4.0 3.8 4.1 5.0

Information.................................. 86 79 84 86 95 91 3.0 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.0

Financial activities......................... 212 218 249 220 201 190 2.4 2.4 2.8 2.5 2.3 2.1

Finance and insurance................. 144 156 152 151 144 124 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 69 62 97 70 58 66 3.0 2.7 4.1 2.9 2.4 2.8

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,214 1,267 1,192 1,193 1,229 1,251 5.7 5.7 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.6

Education and health services........... 700 761 777 824 806 741 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.0

Educational services.................... 72 96 94 97 82 78 2.0 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.0

Health care and social assistance. . .. 629 665 683 728 723 664 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.2

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,064 1,077 1,000 1,069 1,074 1,015 7.5 7.0 6.4 6.9 6.9 6.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 127 140 141 161 156 161 6.3 6.2 6.2 7.0 6.8 6.9

Accommodation and food services. .. 938 937 859 908 918 854 7.7 7.1 6.5 6.8 6.9 6.4

Other services.............................. 215 249 228 228 229 218 3.9 4.4 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.8

Government................................... 336 405 373 368 390 342 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.5

Federal...................................... 44 41 43 46 47 40 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.4

State and local............................. 292 364 330 323 343 302 1.5 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.6

State and local education.............. 141 201 168 150 169 142 1.4 2.0 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.4

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 150 163 162 173 174 160 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.8

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 875 875 900 857 845 868 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.2

South........................................... 2,470 2,698 2,482 2,511 2,619 2,532 4.5 4.8 4.4 4.4 4.6 4.5

Midwest........................................ 1,247 1,217 1,274 1,216 1,230 1,228 3.9 3.7 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.7

West............................................ 1,282 1,457 1,309 1,432 1,315 1,301 3.8 4.1 3.7 4.1 3.7 3.7

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

July

2021

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022p

July

2021

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022p

Total............................................... 4,088 4,449 4,327 4,274 4,253 4,179 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.7

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 3,885 4,192 4,088 4,048 4,012 3,974 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.1

Mining and logging......................... 9 15 13 17 16 14 1.6 2.4 2.2 2.7 2.5 2.2

Construction................................ 190 248 213 230 181 193 2.6 3.3 2.8 3.0 2.4 2.5

Manufacturing.............................. 288 362 333 317 327 315 2.3 2.9 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.5

Durable goods........................... 146 188 176 164 173 163 1.9 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.0

Nondurable goods....................... 143 174 157 153 154 152 3.1 3.6 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 954 980 956 916 933 939 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.3

Wholesale trade......................... 128 102 123 113 121 105 2.3 1.8 2.1 1.9 2.1 1.8

Retail trade............................... 665 690 645 611 603 586 4.3 4.4 4.1 3.9 3.8 3.7

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 161 189 188 192 209 248 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.7 3.0 3.5

Information.................................. 54 50 51 52 62 49 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.1 1.6

Financial activities......................... 130 155 193 132 142 152 1.5 1.7 2.2 1.5 1.6 1.7

Finance and insurance................. 83 112 112 85 101 105 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.5 1.6

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 47 44 80 47 41 46 2.1 1.9 3.4 2.0 1.8 2.0

Professional and business services. . . .. 712 763 783 766 763 825 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.7

Education and health services........... 562 586 604 624 609 528 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.2

Educational services.................... 50 61 73 68 58 50 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.8 1.5 1.3

Health care and social assistance. . .. 512 525 530 555 551 478 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.3

Leisure and hospitality.................... 862 874 803 859 827 833 6.1 5.7 5.2 5.5 5.3 5.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 75 77 73 89 78 78 3.7 3.4 3.2 3.9 3.4 3.4

Accommodation and food services. .. 788 797 730 770 749 755 6.4 6.0 5.5 5.8 5.6 5.6

Other services.............................. 123 159 139 136 151 126 2.2 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.7 2.2

Government................................... 202 256 239 225 241 205 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.9

Federal...................................... 22 23 23 23 23 21 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7

State and local............................. 180 233 216 203 218 184 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.9

State and local education.............. 88 135 109 96 110 89 0.9 1.3 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.9

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 92 99 107 106 108 95 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 565 586 592 573 543 582 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.1

South........................................... 1,752 1,896 1,806 1,840 1,963 1,849 3.2 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.3

Midwest........................................ 864 884 936 871 829 831 2.7 2.7 2.9 2.6 2.5 2.5

West............................................ 907 1,082 993 990 918 917 2.7 3.1 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.6

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

July

2021

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022p

July

2021

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022p

Total............................................... 1,440 1,416 1,312 1,416 1,400 1,398 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 1,365 1,333 1,243 1,335 1,317 1,323 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Mining and logging......................... 6 4 3 5 4 4 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.7

Construction................................ 138 110 116 97 135 144 1.9 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.8 1.9

Manufacturing.............................. 104 102 107 101 96 96 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7

Durable goods........................... 57 51 58 52 49 48 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6

Nondurable goods....................... 47 51 49 49 46 48 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 264 243 233 262 209 264 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.9

Wholesale trade......................... 34 31 38 61 34 41 0.6 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.6 0.7

Retail trade............................... 158 142 124 134 117 141 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.9

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 72 70 71 66 58 82 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 1.2

Information.................................. 29 24 27 28 27 29 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0

Financial activities......................... 53 39 31 56 38 26 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.3

Finance and insurance................. 35 21 17 44 25 11 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 18 18 14 11 13 15 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6

Professional and business services. . . .. 421 428 338 351 379 349 2.0 1.9 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6

Education and health services........... 99 126 131 162 152 161 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.7

Educational services.................... 17 22 14 25 19 22 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.6

Health care and social assistance. . .. 82 104 117 137 133 140 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7

Leisure and hospitality.................... 170 176 178 191 209 169 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 47 60 64 69 76 81 2.4 2.7 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.5

Accommodation and food services. .. 122 115 114 123 133 88 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.7

Other services.............................. 81 82 79 81 69 81 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.4

Government................................... 75 83 69 81 83 75 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3

Federal...................................... 8 6 6 10 7 6 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2

State and local............................. 67 77 62 70 76 69 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local education.............. 34 41 31 35 34 32 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 33 36 32 36 42 38 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 251 221 259 234 261 226 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.8

South........................................... 582 638 536 556 492 553 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0

Midwest........................................ 306 256 267 278 334 331 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0

West............................................ 301 301 249 349 313 288 0.9 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.8

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

July

2021

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022p

July

2021

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022

June

2022

July

2022p

Total............................................... 346 384 327 328 356 352 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 287 318 262 265 290 290 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging......................... 1 2 1 1 1 2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3

Construction................................ 18 22 12 9 10 13 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2

Manufacturing.............................. 20 24 22 20 22 27 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods........................... 12 16 14 13 16 15 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods....................... 8 8 8 7 6 12 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 52 79 56 53 52 70 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Wholesale trade......................... 6 18 11 10 5 15 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3

Retail trade............................... 32 39 24 30 26 33 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 13 22 21 13 21 22 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3

Information.................................. 3 6 5 6 5 13 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4

Financial activities......................... 30 24 25 33 21 12 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.1

Finance and insurance................. 26 23 22 21 18 8 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 4 0 2 12 3 4 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.2

Professional and business services. . . .. 81 76 71 76 87 77 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3

Education and health services........... 39 49 42 39 45 52 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Educational services.................... 5 13 6 3 5 6 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2

Health care and social assistance. . .. 34 36 36 35 40 45 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality.................... 32 27 18 19 38 13 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 4 2 4 3 2 2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services. .. 28 25 15 16 36 11 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1

Other services.............................. 11 9 10 10 9 11 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Government................................... 59 66 65 63 66 62 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal...................................... 14 12 13 13 17 13 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4

State and local............................. 45 54 52 49 49 49 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local education.............. 18 26 28 19 25 22 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 26 28 24 31 24 27 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 58 69 48 50 41 60 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

South........................................... 136 165 140 116 163 130 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Midwest........................................ 77 76 71 68 67 66 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

West............................................ 75 74 66 94 84 97 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment..

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

Total..................................................................... 11,604 10,941 12,086 7.3 6.7 7.4

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 10,560 9,926 10,923 7.8 7.1 7.7

Mining and logging............................................... 38 36 39 6.2 5.5 5.7

Construction....................................................... 364 347 393 4.6 4.2 4.7

Manufacturing..................................................... 960 854 846 7.2 6.2 6.2

Durable goods.................................................. 564 556 513 6.8 6.5 6.0

Nondurable goods............................................. 396 297 334 7.8 5.7 6.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 2,097 1,669 1,999 7.1 5.5 6.5

Wholesale trade................................................ 299 272 307 5.0 4.4 4.9

Retail trade..................................................... 1,220 903 1,088 7.3 5.4 6.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 579 493 604 8.2 6.6 8.0

Information........................................................ 193 229 229 6.3 7.0 7.0

Financial activities................................................ 548 607 684 5.8 6.3 7.0

Finance and insurance........................................ 350 462 507 5.1 6.5 7.1

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 199 145 177 7.9 5.7 6.9

Professional and business services............................ 2,071 2,120 2,220 8.9 8.7 9.0

Education and health services.................................. 2,052 2,092 2,348 8.1 8.0 8.8

Educational services.......................................... 203 192 226 5.7 5.1 6.0

Health care and social assistance........................... 1,849 1,900 2,121 8.4 8.5 9.3

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 1,772 1,533 1,696 10.4 8.6 9.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 240 142 221 9.3 5.2 7.7

Accommodation and food services.......................... 1,531 1,391 1,474 10.6 9.2 9.6

Other services.................................................... 464 439 468 7.7 7.1 7.5

Government.......................................................... 1,043 1,015 1,163 4.7 4.4 5.2

Federal............................................................. 124 110 162 4.1 3.7 5.3

State and local.................................................... 920 905 1,001 4.8 4.5 5.2

State and local education..................................... 418 354 446 4.5 3.4 4.7

State and local, excluding education........................ 502 552 556 5.2 5.7 5.7

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 2,017 1,806 1,861 7.2 6.3 6.5

South................................................................. 4,442 4,309 4,751 7.5 7.0 7.7

Midwest............................................................... 2,470 2,407 2,593 7.2 6.8 7.3

West.................................................................. 2,675 2,420 2,882 7.3 6.4 7.5

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

Total..................................................................... 7,302 7,441 7,100 5.0 4.9 4.7

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 6,835 6,920 6,642 5.4 5.3 5.1

Mining and logging............................................... 21 33 31 3.7 5.3 4.8

Construction....................................................... 410 419 442 5.4 5.3 5.6

Manufacturing..................................................... 533 582 487 4.3 4.5 3.8

Durable goods.................................................. 283 292 245 3.7 3.7 3.1

Nondurable goods............................................. 250 289 242 5.3 5.9 4.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,415 1,365 1,363 5.1 4.8 4.8

Wholesale trade................................................ 208 193 189 3.6 3.3 3.2

Retail trade..................................................... 911 895 820 5.9 5.7 5.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 295 277 354 4.5 4.0 5.1

Information........................................................ 115 126 111 4.0 4.2 3.6

Financial activities................................................ 275 228 236 3.1 2.5 2.6

Finance and insurance........................................ 177 155 150 2.7 2.3 2.3

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 98 73 86 4.3 3.1 3.6

Professional and business services............................ 1,469 1,414 1,431 6.9 6.3 6.4

Education and health services.................................. 891 975 1,023 3.8 4.0 4.2

Educational services.......................................... 132 120 132 4.0 3.4 3.7

Health care and social assistance........................... 759 855 890 3.8 4.2 4.3

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 1,408 1,491 1,255 9.3 9.1 7.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 197 299 188 8.4 11.6 7.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 1,212 1,192 1,066 9.4 8.7 7.7

Other services.................................................... 298 286 265 5.3 5.0 4.6

Government.......................................................... 467 521 458 2.2 2.4 2.2

Federal............................................................. 48 40 49 1.7 1.4 1.7

State and local.................................................... 418 481 409 2.3 2.5 2.2

State and local education..................................... 237 159 200 2.7 1.6 2.2

State and local, excluding education........................ 181 322 210 2.0 3.5 2.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 1,161 1,139 1,128 4.5 4.2 4.2

South................................................................. 2,852 2,973 2,942 5.2 5.2 5.2

Midwest............................................................... 1,609 1,699 1,455 5.1 5.1 4.4

West.................................................................. 1,681 1,630 1,575 4.9 4.6 4.4

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

Total..................................................................... 6,535 6,370 6,549 4.5 4.2 4.3

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 6,114 5,775 6,141 4.9 4.4 4.7

Mining and logging............................................... 17 20 22 3.0 3.1 3.5

Construction....................................................... 378 310 382 5.0 3.9 4.8

Manufacturing..................................................... 453 466 468 3.6 3.6 3.6

Durable goods.................................................. 235 252 237 3.0 3.2 3.0

Nondurable goods............................................. 219 214 231 4.6 4.4 4.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,335 1,175 1,307 4.8 4.1 4.6

Wholesale trade................................................ 179 162 172 3.1 2.7 2.9

Retail trade..................................................... 919 739 806 6.0 4.7 5.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 238 273 329 3.7 3.9 4.7

Information........................................................ 88 99 93 3.1 3.3 3.0

Financial activities................................................ 236 209 218 2.7 2.3 2.4

Finance and insurance........................................ 153 145 131 2.3 2.2 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 83 65 87 3.6 2.7 3.6

Professional and business services............................ 1,283 1,216 1,344 6.0 5.4 6.0

Education and health services.................................. 829 927 881 3.5 3.8 3.6

Educational services.......................................... 98 137 100 2.9 3.8 2.8

Health care and social assistance........................... 730 790 781 3.6 3.8 3.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 1,241 1,119 1,172 8.2 6.9 7.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 124 130 157 5.3 5.1 5.9

Accommodation and food services.......................... 1,117 989 1,015 8.7 7.2 7.3

Other services.................................................... 254 235 254 4.6 4.1 4.4

Government.......................................................... 421 595 408 2.0 2.7 1.9

Federal............................................................. 45 45 38 1.6 1.6 1.3

State and local.................................................... 376 550 370 2.1 2.9 2.0

State and local education..................................... 212 361 202 2.4 3.6 2.2

State and local, excluding education........................ 163 189 169 1.8 2.1 1.8

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 937 897 935 3.6 3.3 3.5

South................................................................. 2,738 2,747 2,798 5.0 4.8 4.9

Midwest............................................................... 1,360 1,311 1,322 4.3 4.0 4.0

West.................................................................. 1,501 1,415 1,493 4.4 4.0 4.2

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

Total..................................................................... 4,770 4,568 4,783 3.3 3.0 3.1

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,525 4,197 4,546 3.6 3.2 3.5

Mining and logging............................................... 11 16 16 1.9 2.5 2.5

Construction....................................................... 242 184 243 3.2 2.3 3.1

Manufacturing..................................................... 327 352 346 2.6 2.7 2.7

Durable goods.................................................. 162 189 173 2.1 2.4 2.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 165 163 172 3.5 3.3 3.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,053 956 990 3.8 3.3 3.5

Wholesale trade................................................ 140 123 114 2.4 2.1 1.9

Retail trade..................................................... 739 621 631 4.8 3.9 4.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 173 212 245 2.7 3.0 3.5

Information........................................................ 60 59 54 2.1 2.0 1.8

Financial activities................................................ 144 140 169 1.6 1.6 1.9

Finance and insurance........................................ 91 94 113 1.4 1.4 1.7

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 54 46 55 2.3 1.9 2.3

Professional and business services............................ 796 776 928 3.7 3.5 4.1

Education and health services.................................. 680 681 629 2.9 2.8 2.6

Educational services.......................................... 71 91 66 2.1 2.5 1.9

Health care and social assistance........................... 610 590 563 3.0 2.9 2.7

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 1,052 880 1,013 6.9 5.4 6.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 92 80 98 3.9 3.1 3.7

Accommodation and food services.......................... 960 800 915 7.5 5.8 6.6

Other services.................................................... 160 153 157 2.9 2.7 2.7

Government.......................................................... 245 371 237 1.2 1.7 1.1

Federal............................................................. 22 23 19 0.8 0.8 0.6

State and local.................................................... 223 348 218 1.2 1.8 1.2

State and local education..................................... 117 216 111 1.3 2.2 1.2

State and local, excluding education........................ 106 132 107 1.1 1.4 1.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 652 582 669 2.5 2.2 2.5

South................................................................. 2,001 2,084 2,092 3.7 3.7 3.7

Midwest............................................................... 1,014 905 945 3.2 2.7 2.9

West.................................................................. 1,104 997 1,077 3.2 2.8 3.0

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

Total..................................................................... 1,387 1,396 1,373 0.9 0.9 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 1,289 1,288 1,281 1.0 1.0 1.0

Mining and logging............................................... 5 3 4 0.9 0.4 0.6

Construction....................................................... 117 120 125 1.5 1.5 1.6

Manufacturing..................................................... 105 91 93 0.8 0.7 0.7

Durable goods.................................................. 59 46 47 0.8 0.6 0.6

Nondurable goods............................................. 46 45 47 1.0 0.9 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 227 169 240 0.8 0.6 0.8

Wholesale trade................................................ 32 35 41 0.6 0.6 0.7

Retail trade..................................................... 143 93 136 0.9 0.6 0.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 51 42 64 0.8 0.6 0.9

Information........................................................ 25 35 26 0.9 1.1 0.8

Financial activities................................................ 61 47 31 0.7 0.5 0.3

Finance and insurance........................................ 37 33 10 0.6 0.5 0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 24 13 21 1.0 0.6 0.9

Professional and business services............................ 400 354 333 1.9 1.6 1.5

Education and health services.................................. 109 195 198 0.5 0.8 0.8

Educational services.......................................... 21 37 26 0.6 1.0 0.7

Health care and social assistance........................... 88 158 172 0.4 0.8 0.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 156 203 146 1.0 1.2 0.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 29 48 58 1.2 1.9 2.2

Accommodation and food services.......................... 127 155 88 1.0 1.1 0.6

Other services.................................................... 84 72 84 1.5 1.2 1.5

Government.......................................................... 98 108 92 0.5 0.5 0.4

Federal............................................................. 8 6 6 0.3 0.2 0.2

State and local.................................................... 91 102 86 0.5 0.5 0.5

State and local education..................................... 64 72 56 0.7 0.7 0.6

State and local, excluding education........................ 27 30 30 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 217 267 194 0.8 1.0 0.7

South................................................................. 600 478 579 1.1 0.8 1.0

Midwest............................................................... 264 330 308 0.8 1.0 0.9

West.................................................................. 307 320 293 0.9 0.9 0.8

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

July

2021

June

2022

July

2022p

Total..................................................................... 378 407 393 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 301 290 314 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging............................................... 1 1 2 0.2 0.2 0.4

Construction....................................................... 19 6 14 0.2 0.1 0.2

Manufacturing..................................................... 21 23 29 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods.................................................. 13 17 17 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 8 6 12 0.2 0.1 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 56 49 76 0.2 0.2 0.3

Wholesale trade................................................ 7 5 17 0.1 0.1 0.3

Retail trade..................................................... 36 25 39 0.2 0.2 0.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 13 19 20 0.2 0.3 0.3

Information........................................................ 3 5 13 0.1 0.2 0.4

Financial activities................................................ 31 23 18 0.3 0.3 0.2

Finance and insurance........................................ 26 17 7 0.4 0.3 0.1

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 5 6 10 0.2 0.2 0.4

Professional and business services............................ 87 86 83 0.4 0.4 0.4

Education and health services.................................. 39 51 54 0.2 0.2 0.2

Educational services.......................................... 7 10 8 0.2 0.3 0.2

Health care and social assistance........................... 32 42 46 0.2 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 33 36 13 0.2 0.2 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 4 2 2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 30 34 12 0.2 0.2 0.1

Other services.................................................... 10 10 13 0.2 0.2 0.2

Government.......................................................... 77 116 79 0.4 0.5 0.4

Federal............................................................. 15 16 13 0.5 0.6 0.5

State and local.................................................... 62 100 66 0.3 0.5 0.4

State and local education..................................... 31 73 35 0.4 0.7 0.4

State and local, excluding education........................ 31 27 31 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 68 47 72 0.3 0.2 0.3

South................................................................. 138 186 129 0.3 0.3 0.2

Midwest............................................................... 82 75 69 0.3 0.2 0.2

West.................................................................. 90 98 124 0.3 0.3 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.