For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Friday, November 19, 2021 USDL-21-2020

Technical information: 

 Employment: (202) 691-6559 • sminfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/sae 

 Unemployment: (202) 691-6392 • lausinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/lau 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

STATE EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT — OCTOBER 2021

Unemployment rates were lower in October in 28 states and the District of Columbia and stable in 22

states, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Forty-five states and the District had jobless 

rate decreases from a year earlier and five states were little changed. The national unemployment rate, 

4.6 percent, edged down by 0.2 percentage point over the month and was 2.3 points lower than in 

October 2020.

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 25 states and the District of Columbia and was essentially 

unchanged in 25 states in October 2021. Over the year, 48 states and the District of Columbia added 

nonfarm payroll jobs and 2 states were essentially unchanged. 

This news release presents statistics from two monthly programs. The civilian labor force and 

unemployment data are modeled based largely on a survey of households. These data pertain to 

individuals by where they reside. The employment data are from an establishment survey that measures 

nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. These data pertain to jobs on payrolls defined by 

where the establishments are located. For more information about the concepts and statistical 

methodologies used by these two programs, see the Technical Note.

Unemployment

California and Nevada had the highest unemployment rates in October, 7.3 percent each. Nebraska and 

Utah had the lowest jobless rates, 1.9 percent and 2.2 percent, respectively. The rates in Georgia (3.1 

percent), Nebraska (1.9 percent), Oklahoma (2.7 percent), Utah (2.2 percent), and West Virginia (4.3 

Revisions to Unemployment Data for September 2021

Due to the implementation of an improvement in a prior outlier treatment, unemployment levels and 

rates for the states of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin were subject to larger than typical 

revisions for September 2021. See www.bls.gov/lau/launews1.htm for additional information.
-2-

percent) set new series lows. (All state series begin in 1976.) In total, 19 states had unemployment rates 

lower than the U.S. figure of 4.6 percent, 16 states and the District of Columbia had higher rates, and 15 

states had rates that were not appreciably different from that of the nation. (See tables A and 1 and map 

1.)

In October, Arizona had the largest over-the-month unemployment rate decrease (-0.5 percentage point), 

closely followed by Connecticut, Louisiana, New Mexico, and Wyoming (-0.4 point each). Twenty-two

states had jobless rates that were not notably different from those of a month earlier, though some had 

changes that were at least as large numerically as the significant changes. (See table B.)

The largest unemployment rate decrease from October 2020 occurred in Hawaii (-7.7 percentage 

points). The next largest over-the-year jobless rate decrease was in Nevada (-4.7 percentage points), 

with another three states experiencing declines of 3.0 points or more. (See table C.)

Nonfarm Payroll Employment

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 25 states and the District of Columbia and was essentially 

unchanged in 25 states in October 2021. The largest job gains occurred in California (+96,800), Texas 

(+56,600), and New York (+43,900). The largest percentage increases occurred in Louisiana (+1.9 

percent), Alaska (+1.4 percent), and Michigan and the District (+0.9 percent each). (See tables D and 3.)

Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment increased in 48 states and the District of Columbia and was 

essentially unchanged in 2 states. The largest job increases occurred in California (+811,200), Texas 

(+661,300), and Florida (+428,600). The largest percentage increases occurred in Hawaii (+10.5 

percent), Nevada (+7.6 percent), and Massachusetts (+5.9 percent). (See table E and map 2.)

_____________

The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment news release for October is scheduled to 

be released on Thursday, December 2, 2021, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). The State Employment and 

Unemployment news release for November is scheduled to be released on Friday, December 17, 

2021, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).
-3-

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Impact on October 2021

Establishment and Household Survey Data

Data collection for both surveys was affected by the pandemic. In the establishment survey, more data 

continued to be collected by web than in months prior to the pandemic. In the household survey, for the 

safety of both interviewers and respondents, in-person interviews were conducted only when telephone 

interviews could not be done.

To reflect the net effect of the contribution of business births (openings) and deaths (closings) to the 

establishment survey estimates, BLS uses a model to account for the relatively stable net employment 

change generated by business births and deaths. Beginning with data for March 2020, BLS introduced 

special adjustments to its birth-death model to better reflect the net contribution of births and deaths 

during the pandemic. BLS has determined that these adjustments are no longer necessary. Therefore, 

beginning with data for October 2021, BLS reverted back to the methodology used prior to the onset of 

the pandemic. More information about changes to the establishment survey's birth-death model is 

available at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbdqa.htm#qa9.

For the October 2021 estimates of household employment and unemployment from the Local Area 

Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program, BLS continued to implement level-shift outliers in the 

employment and/or unemployment inputs to the models, based on statistical evaluation of movements in 

each area's inputs. These level shifts preserved movements in the published estimates that the models 

otherwise would have discounted, without requiring changes to how the models create estimates at other 

points in the time series.

The "Frequently asked questions" document at www.bls.gov/covid19/employment-situation-covid19-

faq-october-2021.htm extensively discusses the impact of a misclassification in the household survey on 

the national estimates for October 2021. Despite the considerable decline in its degree relative to prior 

months, this misclassification continued to be widespread geographically, which in turn affected the 

official LAUS estimates for October 2021.

Household data for Puerto Rico are not modeled, but rather are derived from a monthly household 

survey similar to the Current Population Survey. The Puerto Rico Department of Labor has reported a 

misclassification in its household survey similar in nature to the misclassification in the Current 

Population Survey.
-4-

State Rate p

United States 1 ................................................ 4.6

Alabama ........................................................... 3.1

Alaska .............................................................. 6.1

Arkansas .......................................................... 3.7

California .......................................................... 7.3

Connecticut ....................................................... 6.4

District of Columbia ........................................... 6.3

Georgia ............................................................ 3.1

Hawaii .............................................................. 6.3

Idaho ................................................................ 2.8

Illinois ............................................................... 6.0

Indiana ............................................................. 3.3

Iowa ................................................................. 3.9

Kansas ............................................................. 3.9

Louisiana .......................................................... 5.4

Maryland ........................................................... 5.7

Massachusetts ................................................... 5.3

Michigan ........................................................... 6.1

Minnesota ......................................................... 3.5

Mississippi ........................................................ 5.5

Missouri ............................................................ 3.7

Montana ............................................................ 3.1

Nebraska .......................................................... 1.9

Nevada ............................................................. 7.3

New Hampshire ................................................. 2.9

New Jersey ....................................................... 7.0

New Mexico ....................................................... 6.5

New York .......................................................... 6.9

North Dakota ..................................................... 3.3

Oklahoma .......................................................... 2.7

Pennsylvania ..................................................... 6.0

South Dakota .................................................... 2.8

Texas ................................................................ 5.4

Utah ................................................................. 2.2

Vermont ............................................................ 2.8

Virginia ............................................................. 3.6

Wisconsin ......................................................... 3.2

1

 Data are not preliminary.

p

 = preliminary.

Table A. States with unemployment rates significantly different from that

of the U.S., October 2021, seasonally adjusted
-5-

Table B. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from September 2021

to October 2021, seasonally adjusted

September 2021 October 2021 p

Arizona ....................................... 5.7 5.2 -0.5

Arkansas .................................... 4.0 3.7 -.3

California .................................... 7.5 7.3 -.2

Colorado ..................................... 5.6 5.4 -.2

Connecticut ................................. 6.8 6.4 -.4

District of Columbia ..................... 6.6 6.3 -.3

Florida ........................................ 4.8 4.6 -.2

Georgia ...................................... 3.3 3.1 -.2

Hawaii ........................................ 6.6 6.3 -.3

Illinois ......................................... 6.2 6.0 -.2

Indiana ....................................... 3.5 3.3 -.2

Louisiana .................................... 5.8 5.4 -.4

Mississippi .................................. 5.8 5.5 -.3

Montana ...................................... 3.3 3.1 -.2

Nebraska .................................... 2.0 1.9 -.1

New Mexico ................................. 6.9 6.5 -.4

New York .................................... 7.1 6.9 -.2

North Dakota ............................... 3.5 3.3 -.2

Oklahoma .................................... 3.0 2.7 -.3

Oregon ....................................... 4.7 4.4 -.3

Pennsylvania ............................... 6.2 6.0 -.2

South Carolina ............................ 4.1 3.9 -.2

Tennessee .................................. 4.4 4.2 -.2

Texas .......................................... 5.6 5.4 -.2

Utah ........................................... 2.4 2.2 -.2

Virginia ....................................... 3.8 3.6 -.2

West Virginia .............................. 4.6 4.3 -.3

Wisconsin ................................... 3.4 3.2 -.2

Wyoming .................................... 4.5 4.1 -.4

p

 = preliminary.

State

Rate Over-the-month 

change p
-6-

Table C. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from October 2020

to October 2021, seasonally adjusted

October 2020 October 2021 p

Alabama ..................................... 4.7 3.1 -1.6

Arizona ....................................... 6.8 5.2 -1.6

Arkansas .................................... 5.6 3.7 -1.9

California .................................... 9.8 7.3 -2.5

Colorado ..................................... 6.9 5.4 -1.5

Connecticut ................................. 8.2 6.4 -1.8

District of Columbia ..................... 8.8 6.3 -2.5

Florida ........................................ 5.8 4.6 -1.2

Georgia ...................................... 5.9 3.1 -2.8

Hawaii ........................................ 14.0 6.3 -7.7

Idaho .......................................... 4.8 2.8 -2.0

Illinois ......................................... 8.1 6.0 -2.1

Indiana ....................................... 5.6 3.3 -2.3

Iowa ........................................... 4.2 3.9 -.3

Kansas ....................................... 4.7 3.9 -.8

Kentucky .................................... 5.5 4.2 -1.3

Louisiana .................................... 7.9 5.4 -2.5

Maryland ..................................... 6.8 5.7 -1.1

Massachusetts ............................. 8.5 5.3 -3.2

Michigan ..................................... 8.1 6.1 -2.0

Minnesota ................................... 5.3 3.5 -1.8

Mississippi .................................. 6.9 5.5 -1.4

Missouri ...................................... 5.0 3.7 -1.3

Montana ...................................... 4.7 3.1 -1.6

Nebraska .................................... 3.6 1.9 -1.7

Nevada ....................................... 12.0 7.3 -4.7

New Hampshire ........................... 4.7 2.9 -1.8

New Mexico ................................. 8.5 6.5 -2.0

New York .................................... 8.7 6.9 -1.8

North Carolina ............................. 6.8 4.1 -2.7

North Dakota ............................... 4.7 3.3 -1.4

Oklahoma .................................... 5.2 2.7 -2.5

Oregon ....................................... 7.0 4.4 -2.6

Pennsylvania ............................... 7.0 6.0 -1.0

Rhode Island ............................... 7.3 5.4 -1.9

South Carolina ............................ 5.4 3.9 -1.5

South Dakota .............................. 3.7 2.8 -.9

Tennessee .................................. 7.8 4.2 -3.6

Texas .......................................... 7.3 5.4 -1.9

Utah ........................................... 3.8 2.2 -1.6

Vermont ...................................... 4.0 2.8 -1.2

Virginia ....................................... 6.1 3.6 -2.5

Washington ................................. 7.0 5.0 -2.0

West Virginia .............................. 7.4 4.3 -3.1

Wisconsin ................................... 4.8 3.2 -1.6

Wyoming .................................... 5.4 4.1 -1.3

p

 = preliminary.

State

Rate Over-the-year 

change p
-7-

Table D. States with statistically significant employment changes from September 2021 to

October 2021, seasonally adjusted

September October

2021 2021 p Level Percent

Alabama ..................................... 2,044,100 2,060,300 16,200 0.8

Alaska ........................................ 306,100 310,300 4,200 1.4

Arkansas .................................... 1,270,100 1,276,800 6,700 .5

California .................................... 16,677,800 16,774,600 96,800 .6

Colorado ..................................... 2,745,700 2,756,300 10,600 .4

District of Columbia ..................... 752,700 759,500 6,800 .9

Florida ........................................ 8,860,900 8,902,400 41,500 .5

Georgia ...................................... 4,584,500 4,605,600 21,100 .5

Illinois ......................................... 5,815,200 5,856,100 40,900 .7

Indiana ....................................... 3,064,400 3,079,200 14,800 .5

 

Louisiana .................................... 1,820,300 1,854,500 34,200 1.9

Maryland ..................................... 2,673,000 2,687,900 14,900 .6

Massachusetts ............................. 3,517,800 3,542,800 25,000 .7

Michigan ..................................... 4,186,400 4,223,900 37,500 .9

Mississippi .................................. 1,139,200 1,146,900 7,700 .7

Nebraska .................................... 1,018,700 1,024,100 5,400 .5

Nevada ....................................... 1,352,900 1,363,800 10,900 .8

New Jersey ................................. 4,005,300 4,025,300 20,000 .5

New Mexico ................................. 812,400 817,100 4,700 .6

New York .................................... 8,986,100 9,030,000 43,900 .5

 

North Carolina ............................. 4,523,100 4,554,300 31,200 .7

Ohio ........................................... 5,361,200 5,381,300 20,100 .4

Pennsylvania ............................... 5,741,700 5,760,800 19,100 .3

Texas .......................................... 12,853,300 12,909,900 56,600 .4

Utah ........................................... 1,620,300 1,627,800 7,500 .5

Virginia ....................................... 3,938,300 3,957,700 19,400 .5

p

 = preliminary.

State Over-the-month change p
-8-

Table E. States with statistically significant employment changes from October 2020 to

October 2021, seasonally adjusted

October October

2020 2021 p Level Percent

Alabama ..................................... 2,000,000 2,060,300 60,300 3.0

Alaska ........................................ 304,400 310,300 5,900 1.9

Arizona ....................................... 2,850,500 2,987,000 136,500 4.8

Arkansas .................................... 1,245,400 1,276,800 31,400 2.5

California .................................... 15,963,400 16,774,600 811,200 5.1

Colorado ..................................... 2,651,700 2,756,300 104,600 3.9

Connecticut ................................. 1,577,700 1,616,800 39,100 2.5

Delaware .................................... 444,400 452,300 7,900 1.8

District of Columbia ..................... 736,400 759,500 23,100 3.1

Florida ........................................ 8,473,800 8,902,400 428,600 5.1

 

Georgia ...................................... 4,408,700 4,605,600 196,900 4.5

Hawaii ........................................ 522,300 576,900 54,600 10.5

Idaho .......................................... 765,700 785,700 20,000 2.6

Illinois ......................................... 5,665,800 5,856,100 190,300 3.4

Indiana ....................................... 3,013,700 3,079,200 65,500 2.2

Iowa ........................................... 1,512,700 1,539,900 27,200 1.8

Kansas ....................................... 1,357,800 1,388,700 30,900 2.3

Kentucky .................................... 1,856,700 1,885,000 28,300 1.5

Louisiana .................................... 1,818,600 1,854,500 35,900 2.0

Maine ......................................... 600,900 613,600 12,700 2.1

 

Maryland ..................................... 2,586,500 2,687,900 101,400 3.9

Massachusetts ............................. 3,345,600 3,542,800 197,200 5.9

Michigan ..................................... 4,094,400 4,223,900 129,500 3.2

Minnesota ................................... 2,785,300 2,875,800 90,500 3.2

Mississippi .................................. 1,120,000 1,146,900 26,900 2.4

Missouri ...................................... 2,779,200 2,851,500 72,300 2.6

Nebraska .................................... 993,800 1,024,100 30,300 3.0

Nevada ....................................... 1,267,200 1,363,800 96,600 7.6

New Hampshire ........................... 642,700 664,000 21,300 3.3

New Jersey ................................. 3,862,500 4,025,300 162,800 4.2

 

New Mexico ................................. 787,500 817,100 29,600 3.8

New York .................................... 8,749,700 9,030,000 280,300 3.2

North Carolina ............................. 4,402,900 4,554,300 151,400 3.4

North Dakota ............................... 408,000 417,600 9,600 2.4

Ohio ........................................... 5,277,300 5,381,300 104,000 2.0

Oklahoma .................................... 1,612,500 1,652,100 39,600 2.5

Oregon ....................................... 1,820,300 1,886,200 65,900 3.6

Pennsylvania ............................... 5,626,100 5,760,800 134,700 2.4

Rhode Island ............................... 461,900 479,200 17,300 3.7

South Carolina ............................ 2,092,000 2,157,500 65,500 3.1

 

South Dakota .............................. 430,300 439,500 9,200 2.1

Tennessee .................................. 3,018,500 3,099,200 80,700 2.7

Texas .......................................... 12,248,600 12,909,900 661,300 5.4

Utah ........................................... 1,546,600 1,627,800 81,200 5.3

Vermont ...................................... 286,700 295,400 8,700 3.0

Virginia ....................................... 3,878,200 3,957,700 79,500 2.0

Washington ................................. 3,260,200 3,442,200 182,000 5.6

West Virginia .............................. 673,000 691,300 18,300 2.7

Wisconsin ................................... 2,821,300 2,876,800 55,500 2.0

p

 = preliminary.

State Over-the-year change p
Technical Note

Special technical note: This technical note describes the 

procedures regularly used on a monthly basis to develop 

estimates from the CES survey and the LAUS program. Due to 

the COVID-19 pandemic, some of the procedures described in 

this technical note have been modified. The modifications are 

briefly described in the box note of this news release. More 

information on the changes to the CES business birth-death 

model is available at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbd.htm.

This news release presents civilian labor force and 

unemployment data for states and selected substate areas from 

the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program 

(tables 1 and 2). Also presented are nonfarm payroll 

employment estimates by state and industry supersector from 

the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 

4). The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state 

cooperative endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment—from the 

LAUS program

 Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment 

data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those 

used for the official national estimates obtained from the 

Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of 

households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics 

(BLS) by the U.S. Census Bureau. The LAUS program 

measures employed people and unemployed people on a placeof-residence basis. The universe for each is the civilian 

noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. 

Employed people are those who did any work at all for pay or 

profit in the reference week (typically the week including the 

12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in 

a family business or farm, plus those not working who had a job 

from which they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, 

for such reasons as bad weather, labor-management dispute, 

illness, or vacation. 

 Unemployed people are those who were not employed during 

the reference week (based on the definition above), had actively 

looked for a job sometime in the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week, and were currently available for work; people

on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be 

counted as unemployed. The civilian labor force is the sum of 

employed and unemployed people. The unemployment rate is 

the number of unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor 

force.

 Method of estimation. Estimates for 48 states, the District 

of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale 

metropolitan division, New York City, and the balances of 

California and New York State are produced using time-series 

models. This method, which underwent substantial 

enhancement at the beginning of 2021, utilizes data from 

several sources, including the CPS, the CES, and state 

unemployment insurance (UI) programs. Estimates for the state 

of California are derived by summing the estimates for the Los 

Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale metropolitan division and the 

balance of California. Similarly, estimates for New York State

are derived by summing the estimates for New York City and 

the balance of New York State. Estimates for the five additional 

substate areas contained in this release (the Cleveland-Elyria 

and Detroit-Warren-Dearborn metropolitan areas and the 

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, Miami-Miami BeachKendall, and Seattle-Bellevue-Everett metropolitan divisions) 

and their respective balances of state are produced using a 

similar model-based approach.

 Each month, estimates for the nine census divisions first are

modeled using inputs from the CPS only and controlled to the 

national totals. State estimates then are controlled to their 

respective census division totals. Substate and balance-of-state 

estimates for the five areas noted above also are controlled to 

their respective state totals. This tiered process of controlling 

model-based estimates to the U.S. totals is called real-time 

benchmarking. Estimates for Puerto Rico are derived from a 

monthly household survey similar to the CPS. A more detailed 

description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS 

upon request.

 Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment 

data for prior years reflect adjustments made after the end of 

each year. The adjusted estimates reflect updated population 

data from the U.S. Census Bureau, any revisions in the other 

data sources, and model re-estimation. In most years, historical 

data for the most recent five years are revised near the 

beginning of each calendar year, prior to the release of January 

estimates. With the introduction of a new generation of timeseries models in 2021, historical data were re-estimated back to 

the series beginnings in 1976, 1990, or 1994.

 Seasonal adjustment. The LAUS models decompose the 

estimates of employed and unemployed people into trend, 

seasonal, and irregular components. The benchmarked signals 

of employed and unemployed people first are adjusted using an 

X-11 type of seasonal adjustment filter. The adjusted data then 

are smoothed using a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space 

(RKHS) filter. The smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates of 

employed and unemployed people are summed to derive the 

civilian labor force, and the unemployment rate then is 

calculated as the unemployed percent of the civilian labor force. 

The resulting smoothed-seasonally adjusted unemployment 

rate estimates are analyzed in this news release and published 

on the BLS website. 

 During estimation for the current year, the smoothedseasonally adjusted estimates for a given month are created 

using an asymmetric filter that incorporates information from 

previous observations only. For annual revisions, historical data 

are smoothed using a two-sided filter.

 Area definitions. The substate area data published in this 

release reflect the delineations that were issued by the U.S. 

Office of Management and Budget on April 10, 2018. A 

detailed list of the geographic definitions is available online at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. 

Employment—from the CES program

 Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on 

establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of the pay 
period that includes the 12th of the month. Persons are counted 

at their place of work rather than at their place of residence; 

those appearing on more than one payroll are counted on each 

payroll. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal 

activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North 

American Industry Classification System.

 Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment 

data are produced using several estimation procedures. Where 

possible these data are produced using a "weighted link 

relative" estimation technique in which a ratio of current-month 

weighted employment to that of the previous-month weighted 

employment is computed from a sample of establishments 

reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the 

current month are then obtained by multiplying these ratios by 

the previous month’s employment estimates. The weighted link 

relative technique is utilized for data series where the sample 

size meets certain statistical criteria. 

 For some employment series, the sample of establishments is 

very small or highly variable. In these cases, a model-based 

approach is used in estimation. These models use the direct 

sample estimates (described above), combined with forecasts of 

historical (benchmarked) data to decrease volatility in 

estimation. Two different models (Fay-Herriot Model and 

Small Domain Model) are used depending on the industry level 

being estimated. For more detailed information about each 

model, refer to the BLS Handbook of Methods.

 Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted 

annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks, 

derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by 

employers who are covered under state unemployment 

insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to 

adjust the monthly estimates between the new benchmark and 

the preceding one and also to establish the level of employment 

for the new benchmark month. Thus, the benchmarking process 

establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used to 

measure the month-to-month changes in the level for the 

subsequent months. Information on recent benchmark revisions 

is available online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/benchmark.pdf.

 Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are 

seasonally adjusted at the statewide expanded supersector level. 

In some cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total 

is computed by aggregating the independently adjusted 

supersector series. In other cases, the seasonally adjusted 

payroll employment total is independently adjusted. Revisions 

to historical data for the most recent five years are made once a 

year, coincident with annual benchmark adjustments.

 Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted 

concurrently, using all available estimates, including those for 

the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors.

Concurrent sample-based factors are created every month for 

the current month’s preliminary estimate as well as the previous 

month’s final estimate.

 Caution on aggregating state data. State estimation 

procedures are designed to produce accurate data for each 

individual state. BLS independently develops a national

employment series; state estimates are not forced to sum to 

national totals. Each state series is subject to larger relative 

sampling and nonsampling errors than the national series.

Summing state estimates cumulates individual state-level errors 

and can cause significant distortions at an aggregate level. Due 

to these statistical limitations, BLS does not compile a "sum-ofstates" employment series, and cautions users that such a series 

is subject to a relatively large and volatile error structure.

Reliability of the estimates

 The estimates presented in this release are based on sample 

surveys, administrative data, and modeling and, thus, are 

subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error is 

a measure of sampling variability—that is, variation that occurs 

by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is 

surveyed. Survey data also are subject to nonsampling errors, 

such as those which can be introduced into the data collection 

and processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from 

sample surveys are subject to additional errors resulting from 

the specific estimation processes used.

 Use of error measures. Changes in state unemployment 

rates and state nonfarm payroll employment are cited in the 

analysis of this release only if they have been determined to be 

statistically significant at the 90-percent confidence level. 

Furthermore, state unemployment rates for the current month 

generally are cited only if they have been determined to be 

significantly different from the U.S. rate at the 90-percent 

confidence level. The underlying model-based standard error 

measures for unemployment rates and over-the-month and 

over-the-year changes in rates are available at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lastderr.htm. The underlying standard error 

measures for 1-month, 3-month, and 12-month changes in 

payroll employment data at the total nonfarm and supersector 

levels for states, and total nonfarm level for metropolitan areas 

and divisions, are available at 

www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Measures of 

nonsampling error are not available.

Additional information

 Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment from the 

LAUS program, as well as nonfarm payroll employment from 

the CES program, for metropolitan areas and metropolitan 

divisions are available in the news release Metropolitan Area 

Employment and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor 

force, employed people, unemployed people, and 

unemployment rates for approximately 7,500 subnational areas 

are available online at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data 

from the CES program for states and metropolitan areas are 

available online at www.bls.gov/sae/. Information in this 

release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals 

upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay 

Service: (800) 877-8339.
LABOR FORCE DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, seasonally adjusted

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

Oct.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021p

Number Percent of labor force

Oct.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021p

Oct.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,266,300 2,207,602 2,207,728 2,212,185 107,301 69,014 68,576 67,829 4.7 3.1 3.1 3.1

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354,075 349,367 349,454 349,757 22,904 22,507 22,005 21,492 6.5 6.4 6.3 6.1

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,556,433 3,637,679 3,643,912 3,646,948 241,312 225,161 208,946 189,790 6.8 6.2 5.7 5.2

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,333,366 1,357,416 1,357,689 1,353,559 74,007 57,226 54,276 50,520 5.6 4.2 4.0 3.7

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,904,638 18,982,838 19,030,844 19,022,372 1,854,378 1,431,518 1,424,397 1,383,223 9.8 7.5 7.5 7.3

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale1. . . . 4,959,176 5,098,818 5,094,145 5,079,232 613,093 516,981 506,182 477,259 12.4 10.1 9.9 9.4

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,153,491 3,193,194 3,193,444 3,196,796 217,880 188,947 179,889 171,322 6.9 5.9 5.6 5.4

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,844,473 1,810,194 1,812,130 1,812,579 151,737 129,886 123,353 115,124 8.2 7.2 6.8 6.4

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481,815 488,914 489,544 489,745 27,544 26,371 26,333 25,801 5.7 5.4 5.4 5.3

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409,507 409,695 411,388 412,473 35,844 27,585 26,989 26,059 8.8 6.7 6.6 6.3

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,010,524 10,543,063 10,561,387 10,590,466 583,412 529,573 505,810 490,691 5.8 5.0 4.8 4.6

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall1. . . . . . . . . . . 1,302,316 1,340,742 1,347,910 1,348,315 111,105 89,777 85,402 76,849 8.5 6.7 6.3 5.7

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,133,190 5,174,216 5,175,941 5,174,052 301,359 181,591 171,004 158,107 5.9 3.5 3.3 3.1

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643,115 647,340 647,210 646,795 89,920 45,558 42,971 40,865 14.0 7.0 6.6 6.3

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 903,294 904,921 906,152 907,622 43,795 26,555 25,879 25,079 4.8 2.9 2.9 2.8

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,326,464 6,217,605 6,214,156 6,222,873 512,477 435,949 383,449 370,438 8.1 7.0 6.2 6.0

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights1. . . 3,578,355 3,634,929 3,625,088 3,634,363 331,226 290,653 253,612 241,706 9.3 8.0 7.0 6.7

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,338,006 3,342,971 3,336,617 3,327,434 185,261 137,437 117,205 110,175 5.6 4.1 3.5 3.3

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,630,576 1,660,533 1,660,826 1,660,928 69,180 68,005 66,198 64,708 4.2 4.1 4.0 3.9

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,508,097 1,515,213 1,514,736 1,511,879 70,939 57,952 58,991 58,441 4.7 3.8 3.9 3.9

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,983,293 1,985,736 1,987,131 1,991,931 109,978 85,010 84,717 84,580 5.5 4.3 4.3 4.2

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,094,453 2,065,886 2,062,198 2,060,767 164,481 128,320 120,145 111,607 7.9 6.2 5.8 5.4

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 666,379 677,717 679,325 679,456 31,892 33,226 32,945 33,060 4.8 4.9 4.8 4.9

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,113,628 3,142,393 3,144,128 3,142,549 210,389 187,997 183,610 178,433 6.8 6.0 5.8 5.7

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,688,327 3,709,495 3,720,738 3,726,330 315,007 185,393 192,897 196,935 8.5 5.0 5.2 5.3

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,854,613 4,726,020 4,758,679 4,758,642 392,843 223,885 297,643 291,300 8.1 4.7 6.3 6.1

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,122,804 2,038,006 2,063,353 2,065,200 215,027 84,529 123,627 119,795 10.1 4.1 6.0 5.8

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,070,211 3,030,629 3,033,786 3,032,807 163,759 114,921 110,939 106,415 5.3 3.8 3.7 3.5

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,268,234 1,277,882 1,275,246 1,272,248 87,918 77,135 73,934 69,832 6.9 6.0 5.8 5.5

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,071,517 3,072,693 3,069,954 3,064,875 152,428 123,102 118,051 114,556 5.0 4.0 3.8 3.7

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 536,872 540,678 540,929 542,128 25,453 19,138 18,104 16,908 4.7 3.5 3.3 3.1

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,026,818 1,021,905 1,022,963 1,023,422 36,579 22,359 20,686 19,342 3.6 2.2 2.0 1.9

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,545,744 1,571,422 1,562,654 1,552,758 185,350 120,483 117,269 112,764 12.0 7.7 7.5 7.3

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 761,379 750,901 749,681 747,312 36,127 22,185 21,842 21,357 4.7 3.0 2.9 2.9

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,378,750 4,430,209 4,431,993 4,438,109 335,441 319,773 315,672 308,735 7.7 7.2 7.1 7.0

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 960,709 953,740 952,028 951,702 82,015 68,782 65,681 61,938 8.5 7.2 6.9 6.5

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,226,555 9,338,579 9,315,975 9,303,737 802,509 690,745 663,209 639,658 8.7 7.4 7.1 6.9

New York City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,869,498 3,997,354 3,989,245 3,986,404 462,813 407,282 390,126 373,462 12.0 10.2 9.8 9.4

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,028,348 5,011,471 5,029,107 5,033,893 340,996 216,574 214,349 208,126 6.8 4.3 4.3 4.1

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404,945 401,898 402,032 401,429 18,933 14,569 14,029 13,316 4.7 3.6 3.5 3.3

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,698,877 5,638,328 5,658,921 5,673,734 318,720 304,977 297,877 289,163 5.6 5.4 5.3 5.1

Cleveland-Elyria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,000,800 1,006,765 1,003,533 1,003,730 81,807 52,855 51,964 50,975 8.2 5.2 5.2 5.1

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,861,590 1,862,553 1,861,038 1,860,060 96,447 60,554 55,200 50,443 5.2 3.3 3.0 2.7

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,122,565 2,170,411 2,170,982 2,168,534 147,884 107,512 102,164 95,612 7.0 5.0 4.7 4.4

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,314,482 6,293,200 6,276,103 6,270,198 444,342 404,715 389,942 377,808 7.0 6.4 6.2 6.0

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535,860 534,673 577,977 551,654 38,946 30,887 30,157 29,528 7.3 5.8 5.2 5.4

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,437,115 2,404,401 2,408,380 2,407,798 130,857 101,481 99,060 94,322 5.4 4.2 4.1 3.9

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474,305 471,280 471,061 471,319 17,575 13,647 13,460 13,347 3.7 2.9 2.9 2.8

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,396,932 3,333,192 3,322,498 3,313,097 265,044 154,306 146,888 139,817 7.8 4.6 4.4 4.2

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,220,838 14,127,472 14,165,255 14,204,236 1,043,490 835,698 796,747 769,958 7.3 5.9 5.6 5.4

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,637,215 1,667,686 1,670,032 1,674,192 62,319 42,525 40,066 37,373 3.8 2.5 2.4 2.2

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318,369 317,426 318,218 318,528 12,714 9,653 9,059 8,771 4.0 3.0 2.8 2.8

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,290,462 4,248,055 4,250,716 4,256,634 262,900 168,392 161,692 154,126 6.1 4.0 3.8 3.6

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,981,810 3,922,962 3,928,041 3,935,591 277,802 198,818 198,683 198,088 7.0 5.1 5.1 5.0

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,735,672 1,754,814 1,752,480 1,754,394 115,237 88,712 86,597 85,978 6.6 5.1 4.9 4.9

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 793,305 792,740 793,074 791,930 58,787 38,121 36,662 34,341 7.4 4.8 4.6 4.3

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,054,307 3,109,998 3,110,189 3,108,650 145,990 122,632 105,252 100,560 4.8 3.9 3.4 3.2

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295,623 294,747 293,700 292,999 16,003 14,510 13,214 12,048 5.4 4.9 4.5 4.1

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,056,203 1,071,268 1,076,201 1,079,309 94,566 89,554 89,020 85,977 9.0 8.4 8.3 8.0

1 Metropolitan division.

2 Metropolitan statistical area.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of

Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision

the following month.
LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, not seasonally adjusted

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

September October Number Percent of labor force

2020 2021 2020 2021p

September October September October

2020 2021 2020 2021p 2020 2021 2020 2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,213,645 2,217,063 2,262,819 2,225,288 151,290 66,201 98,147 60,300 6.8 3.0 4.3 2.7

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335,688 350,820 352,525 350,957 21,941 18,556 20,793 18,644 6.5 5.3 5.9 5.3

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,557,313 3,659,536 3,549,866 3,654,299 249,405 157,998 226,423 133,099 7.0 4.3 6.4 3.6

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,340,180 1,356,554 1,330,274 1,344,694 77,940 42,810 63,908 32,021 5.8 3.2 4.8 2.4

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,494,445 19,055,441 18,887,681 19,103,466 1,933,139 1,212,007 1,757,771 1,166,665 10.5 6.4 9.3 6.1

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale1. . . . 4,804,945 5,035,134 4,945,604 5,027,344 631,853 409,442 591,383 394,539 13.2 8.1 12.0 7.8

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,152,249 3,213,068 3,161,607 3,224,401 213,829 150,422 207,486 143,733 6.8 4.7 6.6 4.5

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,843,886 1,815,804 1,841,877 1,828,939 150,477 97,700 141,827 96,333 8.2 5.4 7.7 5.3

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485,471 485,187 480,007 487,892 35,588 23,785 24,606 22,065 7.3 4.9 5.1 4.5

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404,522 409,255 405,870 410,910 35,648 24,019 33,338 22,961 8.8 5.9 8.2 5.6

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,109,604 10,623,190 10,047,839 10,656,873 740,593 456,901 565,043 425,837 7.3 4.3 5.6 4.0

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall1. . . . . . . . . . . 1,352,247 1,360,391 1,306,434 1,341,452 170,076 77,449 110,612 50,950 12.6 5.7 8.5 3.8

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,933,424 5,152,831 5,115,883 5,174,794 315,517 129,720 278,502 125,465 6.4 2.5 5.4 2.4

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 608,565 647,465 638,773 644,853 93,068 41,193 89,652 37,608 15.3 6.4 14.0 5.8

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 907,941 907,437 903,354 912,723 50,384 19,336 38,223 17,745 5.5 2.1 4.2 1.9

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,358,334 6,223,103 6,324,429 6,263,001 640,189 318,884 474,466 311,052 10.1 5.1 7.5 5.0

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights1. . . 3,690,447 3,617,025 3,567,543 3,674,024 451,442 207,161 314,358 199,423 12.2 5.7 8.8 5.4

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,321,153 3,313,470 3,342,611 3,313,120 200,335 93,504 171,600 82,954 6.0 2.8 5.1 2.5

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,635,725 1,656,564 1,635,569 1,668,206 69,064 48,439 55,681 48,218 4.2 2.9 3.4 2.9

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,471,196 1,504,432 1,506,390 1,503,338 86,186 52,686 62,077 49,371 5.9 3.5 4.1 3.3

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,970,842 1,988,911 1,974,175 1,999,061 102,131 76,806 96,299 74,206 5.2 3.9 4.9 3.7

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,090,267 2,052,539 2,092,397 2,063,763 170,842 101,442 156,155 88,402 8.2 4.9 7.5 4.3

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 664,210 681,006 669,384 679,722 26,682 27,003 28,120 27,139 4.0 4.0 4.2 4.0

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,004,854 3,129,815 3,115,204 3,138,658 206,005 166,135 201,351 159,361 6.9 5.3 6.5 5.1

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,641,540 3,703,310 3,675,919 3,721,703 325,035 195,264 296,395 190,582 8.9 5.3 8.1 5.1

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,851,512 4,749,769 4,853,635 4,757,021 378,479 262,907 350,632 222,277 7.8 5.5 7.2 4.7

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,133,276 2,076,191 2,136,631 2,094,260 216,078 111,185 203,167 93,869 10.1 5.4 9.5 4.5

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,084,862 3,031,568 3,064,787 3,024,795 169,776 84,841 139,664 74,452 5.5 2.8 4.6 2.5

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,262,195 1,264,279 1,257,756 1,257,761 88,775 58,977 77,610 49,166 7.0 4.7 6.2 3.9

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,067,041 3,047,465 3,059,501 3,052,994 147,973 86,890 122,696 86,638 4.8 2.9 4.0 2.8

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 540,272 541,696 535,846 543,300 24,489 10,432 21,997 10,430 4.5 1.9 4.1 1.9

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,023,637 1,018,937 1,026,253 1,025,331 37,866 14,236 32,565 14,149 3.7 1.4 3.2 1.4

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,539,088 1,532,268 1,545,346 1,548,488 200,711 97,560 179,300 89,062 13.0 6.4 11.6 5.8

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 758,568 742,973 757,004 736,816 40,858 17,896 31,922 16,273 5.4 2.4 4.2 2.2

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,348,286 4,388,170 4,370,856 4,428,836 333,020 276,019 310,742 241,603 7.7 6.3 7.1 5.5

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 961,466 945,693 960,387 951,708 82,725 54,704 76,687 50,080 8.6 5.8 8.0 5.3

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,303,744 9,247,695 9,195,073 9,259,759 916,728 578,011 761,164 551,937 9.9 6.3 8.3 6.0

New York City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,965,032 3,951,377 3,868,632 3,979,896 581,307 352,550 453,654 334,075 14.7 8.9 11.7 8.4

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,016,045 5,055,808 5,053,339 5,069,845 357,508 190,792 325,068 184,904 7.1 3.8 6.4 3.6

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406,373 404,257 404,500 401,945 16,530 10,475 15,099 9,297 4.1 2.6 3.7 2.3

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,669,149 5,653,113 5,707,208 5,691,055 413,661 245,635 282,046 217,278 7.3 4.3 4.9 3.8

Cleveland-Elyria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 904,577 989,687 993,232 1,000,137 79,698 41,450 71,639 36,842 8.8 4.2 7.2 3.7

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,864,238 1,858,409 1,863,676 1,864,164 103,246 37,895 91,394 37,182 5.5 2.0 4.9 2.0

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,116,300 2,174,392 2,128,309 2,171,416 155,374 90,411 137,983 74,443 7.3 4.2 6.5 3.4

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,331,317 6,259,553 6,316,802 6,268,875 444,222 336,615 403,395 304,589 7.0 5.4 6.4 4.9

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557,852 574,862 535,404 549,410 57,597 25,182 34,464 22,614 10.3 4.4 6.4 4.1

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,411,907 2,391,009 2,429,463 2,397,287 122,607 78,040 121,135 73,747 5.1 3.3 5.0 3.1

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475,314 468,829 474,621 472,852 17,295 10,093 14,963 11,000 3.6 2.2 3.2 2.3

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,379,104 3,286,432 3,405,856 3,295,071 256,163 116,084 253,529 110,316 7.6 3.5 7.4 3.3

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,993,842 14,253,139 14,186,427 14,315,455 1,116,437 704,154 976,056 681,201 8.0 4.9 6.9 4.8

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,641,771 1,678,874 1,637,265 1,690,427 66,216 26,304 55,454 23,540 4.0 1.6 3.4 1.4

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318,926 317,614 317,381 318,180 14,262 6,300 9,080 5,276 4.5 2.0 2.9 1.7

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,289,848 4,219,252 4,279,784 4,268,231 276,693 135,652 243,607 126,949 6.4 3.2 5.7 3.0

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,869,556 3,950,407 3,978,552 3,945,053 293,324 172,432 250,226 173,356 7.6 4.4 6.3 4.4

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,731,367 1,758,353 1,724,314 1,744,647 127,947 81,297 111,281 80,461 7.4 4.6 6.5 4.6

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 794,260 791,828 793,957 791,023 57,454 25,731 50,108 22,975 7.2 3.2 6.3 2.9

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,129,027 3,104,266 3,055,281 3,102,582 153,718 83,336 130,864 70,543 4.9 2.7 4.3 2.3

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298,662 292,998 294,677 292,278 16,320 8,004 12,954 7,221 5.5 2.7 4.4 2.5

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,069,225 1,091,928 1,051,356 1,086,652 100,195 86,320 88,801 77,572 9.4 7.9 8.4 7.1

1 Metropolitan division.

2 Metropolitan statistical area.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of

Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision

the following month.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

State

Total1 Construction Manufacturing

Oct.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021p

Oct.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021p

Oct.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,000.0 2,032.8 2,044.1 2,060.3 94.7 89.5 91.2 91.2 259.4 267.6 266.7 269.2

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304.4 305.9 306.1 310.3 17.0 16.4 15.5 15.7 12.0 11.9 13.5 14.3

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,850.5 2,975.0 2,977.0 2,987.0 173.9 173.5 176.0 176.2 175.2 180.0 180.4 180.9

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,245.4 1,268.8 1,270.1 1,276.8 53.7 51.7 51.6 51.7 153.9 161.0 160.9 161.8

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,963.4 16,622.5 16,677.8 16,774.6 859.7 879.3 884.5 892.0 1,247.0 1,260.0 1,267.3 1,270.1

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,651.7 2,736.0 2,745.7 2,756.3 173.6 170.9 171.5 172.4 146.0 145.6 145.9 146.5

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,577.7 1,605.0 1,611.5 1,616.8 56.8 57.6 59.4 59.1 151.4 152.6 153.4 153.1

Delaware2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444.4 451.8 449.9 452.3 22.4 23.9 24.6 24.4 25.3 24.5 24.5 24.4

District of Columbia2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 736.4 749.5 752.7 759.5 15.5 15.8 15.9 16.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,473.8 8,782.2 8,860.9 8,902.4 559.1 570.5 576.5 577.0 376.5 382.7 386.0 385.1

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,408.7 4,563.9 4,584.5 4,605.6 199.4 204.2 205.5 207.2 384.4 392.3 394.2 397.5

Hawaii2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 522.3 575.9 575.0 576.9 35.3 37.0 37.2 37.3 11.1 11.5 11.4 11.6

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765.7 789.6 787.0 785.7 56.2 59.0 59.6 59.9 68.5 67.4 67.2 67.9

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,665.8 5,804.2 5,815.2 5,856.1 215.7 226.4 228.1 228.7 548.8 554.4 552.0 553.1

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,013.7 3,061.9 3,064.4 3,079.2 146.3 144.8 143.8 145.1 514.2 533.1 536.3 542.1

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,512.7 1,531.2 1,538.9 1,539.9 77.1 74.7 74.6 74.1 216.2 221.4 223.4 223.8

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,357.8 1,385.1 1,387.6 1,388.7 63.5 63.0 63.2 63.8 157.0 163.1 162.9 163.4

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,856.7 1,878.3 1,881.9 1,885.0 79.6 80.6 81.8 81.5 239.1 250.3 250.2 251.4

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,818.6 1,847.6 1,820.3 1,854.5 117.8 115.9 115.5 123.7 128.2 125.7 124.6 126.2

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600.9 614.9 612.7 613.6 30.1 29.6 29.9 30.1 52.2 53.4 53.1 54.1

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,586.5 2,668.4 2,673.0 2,687.9 160.0 159.3 159.8 160.6 107.9 110.0 109.7 110.0

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,345.6 3,504.3 3,517.8 3,542.8 156.1 167.8 166.9 167.4 228.8 236.2 237.1 238.2

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,094.4 4,172.9 4,186.4 4,223.9 173.1 176.2 177.5 178.7 570.3 571.8 574.2 584.1

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,785.3 2,852.6 2,865.9 2,875.8 123.2 128.7 130.7 131.1 306.3 315.5 315.6 318.6

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,120.0 1,134.3 1,139.2 1,146.9 44.9 44.6 44.9 45.2 140.9 142.7 143.8 143.1

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,779.2 2,838.5 2,848.0 2,851.5 125.2 128.0 126.3 124.8 264.3 274.1 272.7 275.9

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474.4 481.8 481.1 482.0 30.9 29.6 29.2 29.4 20.3 21.2 21.5 21.9

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 993.8 1,017.1 1,018.7 1,024.1 54.4 56.4 56.0 56.4 98.0 101.3 100.9 101.2

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,267.2 1,344.9 1,352.9 1,363.8 93.0 93.1 91.7 91.1 56.1 59.7 59.3 58.9

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 642.7 659.6 662.1 664.0 27.7 27.9 27.9 27.3 67.1 66.4 66.9 67.0

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,862.5 3,979.0 4,005.3 4,025.3 151.6 149.6 151.9 154.6 237.7 245.8 247.0 248.0

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 787.5 810.7 812.4 817.1 46.7 49.1 49.1 49.6 26.1 27.8 28.3 29.0

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,749.7 8,951.2 8,986.1 9,030.0 376.8 360.3 362.2 365.4 401.7 410.2 414.3 417.0

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,402.9 4,518.6 4,523.1 4,554.3 227.4 240.3 241.3 243.5 453.7 470.9 471.4 475.1

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408.0 416.6 417.1 417.6 25.4 26.6 26.8 26.3 25.0 26.0 26.0 25.8

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,277.3 5,346.0 5,361.2 5,381.3 220.2 224.6 228.0 228.3 658.9 661.2 659.7 661.2

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,612.5 1,636.7 1,649.8 1,652.1 77.3 81.1 82.1 82.2 128.5 128.8 129.0 129.4

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,820.3 1,880.8 1,881.5 1,886.2 109.9 109.5 108.7 110.2 182.9 184.5 183.8 185.2

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,626.1 5,741.6 5,741.7 5,760.8 247.1 245.6 246.0 245.8 536.6 549.9 549.6 551.2

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461.9 478.3 481.3 479.2 19.1 21.2 21.2 21.0 37.6 39.9 40.3 40.4

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,092.0 2,142.8 2,150.8 2,157.5 102.6 110.2 109.6 107.7 245.5 249.3 248.7 252.9

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430.3 437.2 437.1 439.5 24.3 25.5 25.9 26.4 43.2 44.4 44.2 44.4

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,018.5 3,098.9 3,092.4 3,099.2 128.5 130.5 127.8 130.1 342.1 350.2 346.9 350.6

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,248.6 12,761.5 12,853.3 12,909.9 719.9 723.8 731.7 734.3 855.6 881.7 884.1 886.9

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,546.6 1,619.9 1,620.3 1,627.8 116.1 121.2 123.8 122.4 137.1 145.6 145.5 145.8

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286.7 298.7 295.0 295.4 14.4 13.9 14.1 13.8 28.2 30.0 30.2 30.4

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,878.2 3,926.3 3,938.3 3,957.7 203.4 205.1 204.8 204.8 234.6 237.0 238.8 235.3

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,260.2 3,417.1 3,435.9 3,442.2 219.5 225.9 228.9 228.1 262.0 264.2 265.6 271.6

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 673.0 691.8 690.3 691.3 30.3 30.0 30.8 31.5 44.3 45.8 45.4 45.6

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,821.3 2,876.4 2,877.8 2,876.8 126.5 121.3 122.2 123.3 457.7 474.9 477.8 478.7

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272.5 272.7 273.9 275.1 20.4 19.1 19.4 19.7 9.3 9.7 9.8 9.7

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 838.4 860.7 862.8 866.7 28.5 29.4 30.0 30.2 76.1 78.0 78.2 79.2

Virgin Islands3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.5 35.1 35.0 35.2 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 – – – –

1

Includes mining and logging, information, and other services (except public administration), not shown separately.

2 Mining and logging is combined with construction.

3 Missing series (denoted by ’-’) are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components,

cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued

[In thousands]

State

Trade, transportation, and utilities Financial activities Professional and business services

Oct.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021p

Oct.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021p

Oct.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377.6 383.8 387.1 387.0 96.5 97.2 98.1 98.4 248.7 248.3 252.5 255.4

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.9 59.3 59.7 61.9 10.5 10.7 10.8 10.6 26.4 26.4 26.3 26.3

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559.2 583.7 586.2 590.2 231.9 234.9 234.0 233.8 425.7 454.1 451.9 452.8

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252.5 249.9 253.3 255.4 63.8 66.0 66.6 66.8 139.1 148.3 147.9 148.2

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,922.8 2,994.1 3,001.2 3,016.1 809.0 809.0 809.9 814.3 2,577.8 2,696.8 2,703.9 2,743.4

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476.6 487.0 490.3 492.4 172.8 173.1 173.9 174.1 427.9 448.6 449.4 451.3

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287.0 287.4 290.6 291.5 120.1 117.8 118.0 119.3 203.5 211.4 210.6 211.9

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.3 82.6 83.1 84.6 46.8 46.3 46.4 47.1 61.1 61.6 60.2 60.5

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.8 29.0 29.1 29.4 28.4 27.8 27.9 27.7 164.6 167.4 166.9 171.0

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,750.5 1,787.9 1,810.7 1,821.1 593.5 621.2 621.6 624.5 1,355.1 1,418.5 1,425.3 1,429.0

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 932.1 958.5 970.6 977.4 250.9 255.1 254.9 254.9 694.6 749.0 751.8 755.0

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.9 105.2 105.7 107.0 26.3 27.4 27.4 27.3 63.1 69.9 69.7 70.8

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.2 153.7 152.6 152.4 38.4 41.6 41.3 41.2 100.3 100.0 100.0 99.6

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,166.4 1,189.3 1,195.9 1,203.6 406.4 399.2 398.1 401.2 880.0 913.2 912.3 930.0

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600.9 605.9 607.3 611.4 139.2 139.0 139.1 139.8 328.4 326.8 328.7 331.1

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305.4 304.1 307.0 309.0 110.2 109.7 110.7 110.7 134.6 135.4 134.9 134.4

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262.8 270.7 274.1 274.9 77.0 74.8 74.2 74.5 169.1 173.6 174.0 172.7

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398.9 407.1 410.1 412.6 93.1 95.6 94.9 95.0 210.7 208.1 206.2 205.5

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361.0 359.0 357.5 362.1 86.7 89.9 88.9 88.9 203.6 209.1 209.0 213.1

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.2 117.3 117.4 117.9 32.8 32.0 32.3 32.4 68.1 70.5 70.4 70.2

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452.5 463.6 464.0 467.0 135.6 137.3 135.7 135.8 439.6 460.5 463.9 467.8

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 536.9 553.6 558.6 563.2 216.5 217.6 218.7 218.0 574.7 609.2 608.4 618.1

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 762.9 779.0 781.7 787.2 225.8 224.2 226.2 228.0 606.3 627.6 632.6 642.1

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503.9 511.5 512.6 513.1 192.8 191.3 190.0 190.5 353.7 371.6 373.9 377.1

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232.0 236.1 238.1 241.9 42.4 42.9 43.3 43.7 108.1 107.9 111.6 113.3

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534.3 539.0 544.8 546.6 174.5 168.1 167.1 166.6 363.9 379.0 383.2 386.0

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.4 95.9 96.0 96.2 26.5 26.0 26.2 26.0 44.0 43.5 43.9 43.6

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192.6 197.5 198.0 197.5 74.5 72.9 73.1 74.1 117.3 121.1 121.5 122.3

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264.5 278.4 280.6 283.0 66.6 68.5 68.9 69.5 176.6 195.2 195.7 199.9

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.7 136.7 137.6 138.5 33.8 33.3 33.8 34.0 82.9 84.8 84.9 85.5

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 838.5 864.8 868.2 872.2 244.1 246.4 246.4 247.4 644.4 673.2 679.9 688.8

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131.6 133.8 135.0 137.0 33.7 32.8 33.2 33.4 105.7 110.6 111.1 112.7

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,383.7 1,403.8 1,407.9 1,414.3 699.8 689.3 690.6 692.0 1,223.4 1,272.0 1,280.3 1,288.0

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 858.2 865.9 869.6 877.1 257.9 261.1 260.5 259.6 644.0 671.5 675.7 677.5

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.6 89.4 89.5 89.8 24.6 24.6 24.6 24.6 30.9 31.7 31.5 31.4

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,019.5 1,031.9 1,041.5 1,048.1 302.4 302.4 301.9 304.3 693.1 708.7 708.8 710.1

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301.7 303.2 306.9 307.9 76.5 77.0 78.9 80.2 180.1 184.6 185.4 188.9

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356.3 359.4 360.5 363.0 100.3 106.4 105.5 104.6 242.2 254.9 258.3 261.2

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,078.6 1,097.3 1,101.0 1,104.6 322.7 329.8 330.2 329.7 752.2 774.5 773.9 776.9

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.9 74.8 75.2 75.5 34.1 34.4 34.2 33.9 65.2 64.7 65.1 64.6

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402.4 417.7 420.5 422.0 105.8 103.3 103.9 104.4 285.0 284.1 284.1 286.1

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.2 85.7 85.6 85.0 28.5 27.9 27.9 27.9 32.6 33.5 33.7 33.3

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635.3 647.2 649.4 651.2 170.4 173.6 174.4 174.4 423.5 446.0 442.6 445.9

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,493.7 2,584.8 2,604.3 2,619.3 804.0 831.2 834.2 836.3 1,773.0 1,904.9 1,926.8 1,948.7

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296.2 307.5 309.1 311.4 93.8 98.0 98.4 98.9 228.1 243.3 241.0 241.8

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.4 50.8 50.4 50.1 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.2 29.0 29.7 29.9 30.4

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 648.7 654.6 654.4 657.7 207.3 203.8 203.9 203.9 759.3 771.1 781.0 783.8

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637.7 653.9 658.5 659.6 157.1 161.7 162.3 163.4 423.2 445.0 442.7 448.3

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121.2 121.8 122.9 124.3 29.2 29.7 29.5 28.9 65.3 67.3 66.9 66.8

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 523.5 532.4 530.8 529.9 151.7 149.5 150.2 149.4 312.8 320.2 319.4 318.3

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.6 50.7 51.1 51.8 11.0 10.9 10.9 11.1 18.3 18.9 19.0 19.2

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167.8 173.8 174.1 174.4 42.7 43.2 42.6 43.1 118.5 118.7 120.0 120.2

Virgin Islands1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 6.4 6.3 6.3 – – – – – – – –

1 Missing series (denoted by ’-’) are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular

components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued

[In thousands]

State

Education and health services Leisure and hospitality Government

Oct.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021p

Oct.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021p

Oct.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237.4 242.1 242.4 245.1 181.0 195.5 196.3 203.4 385.6 387.8 387.9 387.9

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.8 50.6 50.2 50.2 27.0 27.0 28.0 29.2 77.6 76.9 75.5 75.6

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461.3 479.0 478.8 478.4 272.2 310.9 315.6 320.1 405.2 409.5 405.3 405.3

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186.3 189.7 187.4 188.4 108.1 113.1 113.1 114.8 205.9 203.4 203.3 202.9

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,716.5 2,792.2 2,796.1 2,801.5 1,404.9 1,663.0 1,689.4 1,710.9 2,433.4 2,460.1 2,451.5 2,447.5

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339.8 343.2 342.8 342.9 282.1 314.7 320.5 327.3 433.1 446.6 444.6 445.2

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324.2 331.1 332.1 333.5 121.9 133.4 134.1 135.2 225.4 224.6 224.8 224.2

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.1 78.0 77.9 78.4 44.0 48.6 47.2 47.1 65.3 66.0 66.0 65.8

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.9 127.0 126.6 126.9 39.9 52.5 54.7 56.6 243.9 239.9 241.8 241.9

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,304.4 1,341.0 1,347.5 1,354.1 988.0 1,081.3 1,106.5 1,123.1 1,091.6 1,091.1 1,098.7 1,095.9

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 586.9 607.6 606.8 610.2 415.2 443.7 445.1 446.5 675.2 674.5 674.4 673.2

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.7 81.7 81.7 81.7 61.0 95.5 94.9 94.0 118.9 118.4 117.2 117.3

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.1 114.5 112.8 113.1 81.0 86.5 88.5 86.8 124.7 129.3 127.4 127.5

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 883.0 894.5 894.7 894.2 461.4 507.4 513.8 522.2 778.9 784.6 785.3 785.9

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461.0 471.7 470.6 469.6 272.4 284.5 284.6 286.1 409.2 410.9 408.5 408.7

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220.8 222.4 222.7 223.4 119.7 131.6 132.7 132.2 252.2 255.4 255.7 254.7

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.6 198.1 198.0 198.3 112.4 118.7 120.0 120.7 247.5 251.7 251.0 249.6

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276.0 280.2 280.1 281.8 173.0 171.9 171.1 169.6 297.1 293.9 297.2 297.7

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308.9 316.9 310.6 316.0 188.3 202.9 189.6 201.8 312.7 315.3 312.0 309.4

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125.2 127.0 125.9 125.2 54.0 57.4 56.7 57.5 96.3 96.7 96.5 95.9

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441.3 455.1 454.5 456.3 217.7 231.0 232.5 237.3 497.0 512.2 512.9 512.1

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 746.0 761.9 767.1 772.0 259.6 302.0 305.8 310.7 425.6 447.7 442.6 441.7

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 642.0 646.0 640.4 641.0 341.9 355.6 363.1 369.7 572.3 588.0 585.3 585.8

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535.4 533.1 534.4 535.4 212.9 239.0 247.5 250.2 406.4 410.3 409.8 408.2

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139.1 141.6 141.8 142.3 121.2 126.9 125.9 128.5 236.1 234.7 232.8 232.0

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478.0 485.6 486.8 486.9 253.6 281.1 284.5 281.8 425.2 424.9 423.7 423.7

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.7 77.9 77.6 77.8 61.5 65.4 65.4 66.1 88.6 90.1 89.5 89.3

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154.2 159.2 158.4 159.7 82.9 85.7 86.6 88.5 167.3 169.2 169.9 169.7

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141.9 142.2 144.4 147.5 244.8 274.5 277.8 279.7 158.7 161.6 162.0 161.0

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.1 119.7 119.2 119.3 60.9 67.1 69.3 70.4 82.9 86.8 86.1 85.8

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 664.7 686.9 686.3 686.6 294.7 318.8 321.9 325.1 574.9 578.3 588.2 586.2

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.4 137.5 137.3 138.3 79.9 91.8 90.6 91.0 176.4 174.7 173.5 172.0

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,991.2 2,043.8 2,040.2 2,038.0 618.4 702.3 721.8 738.8 1,448.6 1,441.1 1,438.8 1,441.4

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 597.2 597.8 594.3 598.2 425.1 459.5 460.7 473.5 704.4 710.1 706.1 705.3

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.7 64.7 65.1 64.9 34.5 37.6 37.9 38.6 79.7 80.5 80.3 80.5

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 895.7 896.8 894.0 892.4 473.1 503.4 505.1 513.3 748.7 753.5 758.7 758.8

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237.5 236.9 239.1 239.0 159.9 171.2 170.6 167.6 342.9 343.2 346.7 344.3

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292.9 298.7 297.9 297.9 162.5 171.1 173.3 176.4 276.6 293.4 290.6 285.0

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,242.2 1,247.0 1,244.6 1,248.6 437.9 467.8 476.6 485.2 676.1 686.0 675.6 672.7

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.6 102.2 101.9 101.6 46.0 52.9 51.5 51.6 62.4 62.6 66.1 64.5

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249.8 254.1 255.9 256.1 233.1 246.3 250.8 250.7 365.7 372.4 370.3 369.7

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.6 73.0 72.3 75.5 41.4 44.5 44.6 44.6 78.7 79.5 79.5 79.2

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429.5 429.0 426.7 424.4 291.6 314.6 315.9 315.1 431.7 436.8 436.7 435.3

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,694.4 1,743.0 1,745.5 1,751.0 1,184.5 1,289.6 1,312.6 1,320.2 1,962.3 1,984.0 1,991.9 1,979.0

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206.1 213.5 212.7 214.5 139.9 152.9 152.6 154.6 242.5 248.6 247.4 247.9

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.8 62.7 62.1 62.0 26.2 31.1 29.8 29.6 50.8 53.4 51.5 51.5

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529.4 531.7 534.9 535.7 332.6 346.9 350.6 357.8 710.1 717.8 713.9 719.8

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494.9 520.8 521.9 521.7 254.8 299.6 304.5 306.2 539.0 566.4 566.6 557.3

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127.1 129.7 128.3 127.7 62.4 69.2 68.1 69.5 146.3 150.2 149.8 148.5

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448.1 450.3 445.3 440.9 226.3 242.0 244.8 252.6 381.1 387.4 388.3 385.3

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.6 27.8 28.3 28.0 35.2 34.0 34.7 36.3 66.4 66.1 65.5 64.7

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108.5 112.6 112.0 112.9 68.8 77.0 77.9 79.2 196.1 195.7 195.5 195.4

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 4.2 4.8 4.9 4.9 11.2 10.7 10.6 10.8

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

State

Total Mining and logging Construction

September October September October September October

2020 2021 2020 2021p2020 2021 2020 2021p2020 2021 2020 2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,979.9 2,041.8 2,007.2 2,070.5 9.5 9.0 9.4 9.0 91.6 92.0 96.4 93.1

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306.2 315.0 299.3 305.9 10.6 10.7 10.2 10.4 17.9 17.4 17.8 17.0

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,833.5 2,982.7 2,874.6 3,013.1 12.0 12.7 12.1 12.8 172.9 176.8 175.0 177.4

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,242.8 1,274.8 1,253.5 1,286.9 5.4 5.6 5.4 5.7 53.6 52.6 54.6 53.1

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,824.9 16,690.0 16,069.2 16,910.9 19.4 19.1 19.3 19.4 858.0 896.2 878.9 905.8

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,638.3 2,747.8 2,655.1 2,765.4 19.3 20.8 19.8 20.5 174.7 174.7 177.2 175.9

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,574.4 1,618.0 1,592.7 1,634.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 59.6 60.9 59.4 61.8

Delaware1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442.5 450.6 446.9 455.3 – – – – 22.5 24.9 22.7 24.9

District of Columbia1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 733.2 750.5 739.7 763.8 – – – – 15.5 16.0 15.7 16.2

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,399.7 8,825.9 8,492.5 8,941.9 5.4 5.6 5.3 5.7 558.6 577.2 562.6 580.2

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,378.4 4,572.5 4,435.9 4,635.9 9.3 9.6 9.3 9.7 201.4 204.8 200.0 207.2

Hawaii1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508.1 574.7 522.1 578.0 – – – – 35.9 37.3 35.3 37.4

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 767.3 790.1 772.0 790.1 4.0 4.4 4.0 4.4 57.8 61.0 57.7 60.9

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,684.0 5,846.9 5,725.1 5,918.2 6.6 6.8 6.6 6.9 226.5 243.5 230.7 242.7

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,012.3 3,085.0 3,042.8 3,110.1 5.2 5.6 5.1 5.7 148.5 148.9 148.6 149.2

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,506.8 1,545.3 1,530.6 1,558.5 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.4 78.5 79.8 84.0 79.9

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,355.9 1,392.7 1,372.9 1,401.5 5.6 6.0 5.6 6.0 63.6 64.4 64.9 65.0

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,848.4 1,886.4 1,866.4 1,897.0 7.4 7.0 7.4 7.0 79.5 84.5 81.9 84.1

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,797.9 1,815.6 1,827.1 1,868.1 28.8 29.9 28.3 30.7 116.8 116.4 120.1 126.2

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 610.9 623.0 610.1 621.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 31.4 31.5 31.4 31.7

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,563.6 2,668.0 2,601.7 2,706.0 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 160.9 161.8 160.7 163.4

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,349.7 3,537.3 3,377.5 3,586.5 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 160.5 172.5 161.5 172.9

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,099.9 4,208.5 4,137.4 4,271.2 6.8 7.2 6.8 7.1 181.3 185.4 182.4 188.3

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,777.5 2,880.6 2,814.4 2,909.2 6.5 6.7 6.4 6.7 132.8 142.2 133.9 142.7

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,116.7 1,139.9 1,128.6 1,155.8 5.6 5.8 5.6 5.7 44.4 45.6 45.8 46.2

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,781.3 2,856.0 2,798.5 2,874.1 4.3 4.7 4.3 4.7 128.0 130.9 131.2 129.2

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478.3 485.6 478.8 486.0 6.8 6.8 6.6 6.8 32.5 31.2 33.2 31.7

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 990.9 1,020.1 1,000.2 1,031.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 55.9 57.5 55.9 57.8

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,268.5 1,358.3 1,280.1 1,376.2 15.0 14.8 15.1 14.7 93.4 93.0 94.3 92.8

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 646.4 664.6 648.7 669.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 29.0 28.8 28.8 28.2

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,861.8 4,007.6 3,883.9 4,053.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 156.0 156.6 155.2 159.1

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 789.0 814.9 793.9 825.1 17.1 17.9 16.8 17.9 46.9 49.1 47.4 50.3

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,720.4 8,961.7 8,832.4 9,121.3 5.3 5.7 5.4 5.7 384.8 375.2 386.9 376.0

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,379.5 4,526.4 4,438.3 4,592.6 5.6 5.7 5.6 5.6 228.2 243.4 230.2 246.1

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413.2 421.0 414.9 424.0 12.8 14.6 13.3 14.7 28.6 29.6 27.8 28.4

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,271.2 5,382.5 5,321.1 5,430.7 8.9 8.6 8.7 8.8 229.4 239.6 230.1 238.6

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,614.4 1,654.0 1,625.5 1,666.6 26.3 29.2 25.4 29.9 77.3 83.3 77.8 83.0

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,817.0 1,884.0 1,836.0 1,905.4 6.6 6.5 6.5 6.4 109.6 112.5 113.3 113.7

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,619.9 5,765.7 5,677.9 5,824.2 22.2 21.6 21.2 21.6 255.6 254.8 255.4 253.7

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467.8 486.1 467.9 486.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 19.9 22.0 20.0 22.0

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,077.6 2,147.6 2,095.4 2,165.5 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.5 102.6 108.3 102.9 107.2

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432.8 439.7 433.7 442.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1 26.3 27.0 25.6 27.2

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,008.6 3,105.5 3,040.8 3,123.8 4.1 4.3 4.1 4.3 130.8 128.6 129.3 131.0

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,112.2 12,822.9 12,304.2 12,986.4 170.4 198.3 173.3 201.3 717.7 733.6 728.3 743.0

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,545.6 1,626.4 1,557.3 1,640.7 8.5 8.4 8.5 8.3 117.7 125.2 118.8 124.7

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288.4 295.0 291.1 299.2 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 15.6 15.5 15.4 15.5

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,849.7 3,940.8 3,892.8 3,980.8 6.8 7.8 6.9 7.8 203.1 206.7 205.9 206.6

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,271.1 3,449.0 3,277.1 3,464.2 5.6 5.4 5.7 5.4 220.1 233.7 223.2 232.2

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676.2 692.4 682.5 700.1 18.5 19.9 18.1 19.9 31.3 31.9 33.0 33.9

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,834.5 2,889.2 2,847.9 2,900.7 3.5 3.8 3.4 3.7 128.6 129.1 132.3 129.6

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275.7 279.0 274.5 277.1 14.6 16.0 14.3 15.8 21.9 20.8 21.6 21.0

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 834.5 860.9 840.0 870.3 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 27.1 29.8 28.3 30.2

Virgin Islands1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.8 34.8 34.4 35.1 – – – – 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9

1 Mining and logging is combined with construction.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Manufacturing Trade, transportation, and utilities Information

September October September October September October

2020 2021 2020 2021p

2020 2021 2020 2021p2020 2021 2020 2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258.6 266.0 259.1 269.2 374.8 384.4 378.1 387.6 18.8 20.6 19.1 21.2

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 14.1 9.3 11.2 59.3 62.4 57.7 60.8 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.8

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175.1 180.2 175.1 181.0 550.6 583.1 560.2 591.1 44.5 43.2 44.5 44.5

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154.1 160.9 154.8 161.8 247.1 253.6 252.0 257.1 11.4 12.2 11.6 12.4

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,259.9 1,279.9 1,250.3 1,278.9 2,890.6 2,988.3 2,938.2 3,026.8 509.4 558.6 519.1 562.6

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146.2 146.7 146.5 147.2 468.7 486.7 473.9 491.6 73.8 73.9 72.7 74.3

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151.5 153.3 151.5 153.2 280.7 289.9 287.7 292.8 28.5 27.9 29.0 28.0

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.2 24.6 25.3 24.6 78.7 82.7 81.0 84.7 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.7

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 28.1 28.6 29.0 29.4 19.5 18.4 19.6 18.7

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372.7 383.5 374.9 384.6 1,729.2 1,789.9 1,744.2 1,817.9 128.2 135.9 129.9 137.7

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382.6 392.6 384.4 397.7 920.5 965.0 934.1 979.8 108.2 118.0 112.0 122.1

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 11.5 11.3 11.6 93.9 105.2 97.8 106.7 6.6 6.9 6.7 6.7

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.3 67.6 68.8 68.4 148.7 152.5 149.8 152.7 7.4 7.8 7.1 7.5

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550.4 552.7 548.9 553.3 1,159.7 1,191.7 1,171.0 1,211.8 85.3 86.5 84.5 85.8

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510.1 536.8 512.8 541.9 592.5 605.0 604.4 615.0 25.1 25.1 24.8 25.1

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214.3 223.0 215.6 223.4 299.5 305.2 305.9 310.2 18.6 18.3 18.6 18.6

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.0 163.1 157.3 163.5 260.9 274.4 264.4 276.6 16.4 16.2 16.3 16.2

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237.7 250.6 238.5 252.0 397.8 407.4 399.8 413.1 20.0 20.0 20.4 19.9

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.0 123.9 129.3 127.1 355.2 355.1 360.5 361.9 17.1 16.0 17.4 16.4

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.0 53.2 52.4 54.2 113.6 118.4 114.4 118.8 6.2 6.5 6.3 6.5

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.7 109.2 108.0 110.2 447.8 459.9 453.5 468.5 31.8 31.0 32.2 32.2

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227.5 237.4 229.0 239.3 524.6 556.5 537.0 564.9 86.1 93.4 86.9 94.0

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571.8 573.8 570.4 585.6 758.7 778.3 765.2 787.3 49.0 49.8 49.1 50.8

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306.4 317.4 308.5 322.6 499.5 511.4 506.7 516.0 42.2 40.1 41.5 40.2

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140.4 143.6 141.1 143.4 230.1 237.3 232.1 242.9 9.5 9.6 9.4 9.6

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266.8 272.1 261.1 275.4 528.0 542.7 534.8 547.5 44.3 42.2 43.8 42.2

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.6 21.8 20.6 22.3 92.8 95.8 93.9 96.7 5.7 5.4 5.7 5.5

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.7 101.0 97.9 101.1 190.6 196.4 193.0 197.8 15.9 16.4 16.0 16.4

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.7 59.4 56.2 59.1 260.5 278.5 266.2 284.9 13.3 14.2 13.5 14.1

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.0 66.9 67.3 67.2 133.8 136.1 135.2 137.9 11.7 11.8 11.4 11.9

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236.6 248.0 238.2 248.4 834.4 864.4 841.0 876.2 67.5 68.1 68.2 67.4

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.2 28.8 26.7 29.7 131.2 135.0 132.2 138.1 9.0 8.5 8.7 8.5

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401.3 415.1 402.1 417.0 1,364.6 1,398.7 1,390.3 1,423.6 258.2 278.8 265.0 283.4

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449.9 471.6 453.9 476.1 844.8 864.8 856.1 876.2 71.5 77.1 72.4 77.5

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.4 26.3 25.3 26.2 88.0 89.1 88.9 90.3 5.7 5.8 5.7 5.8

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 652.7 655.8 657.2 659.2 1,005.8 1,033.5 1,021.4 1,052.4 63.0 64.5 63.1 64.4

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.3 129.3 128.3 129.5 300.9 305.6 304.7 309.5 17.7 17.4 17.6 17.9

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184.1 185.3 183.3 185.7 351.4 360.0 358.1 366.3 33.0 34.1 32.3 34.7

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533.5 549.0 536.0 551.1 1,067.9 1,097.8 1,086.0 1,114.0 81.7 86.6 81.7 86.4

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.5 40.4 37.6 40.5 71.9 75.5 73.0 75.8 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.3

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243.7 249.2 244.4 252.7 401.2 419.5 401.2 422.4 24.6 24.9 24.3 25.1

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.6 44.3 43.3 44.4 84.1 85.0 85.0 84.7 4.9 4.7 4.8 4.8

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338.7 345.3 341.1 349.8 628.7 646.6 634.3 652.2 43.2 44.9 43.4 45.4

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 851.9 882.7 856.1 886.5 2,463.5 2,587.5 2,499.3 2,628.8 195.1 207.0 195.9 207.5

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.3 145.6 136.7 145.7 294.0 308.2 297.1 313.4 38.5 40.4 38.2 40.9

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.0 30.3 28.4 30.7 50.0 50.2 50.5 50.0 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.0

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233.6 239.4 234.9 235.3 638.3 649.8 649.6 659.6 65.1 65.9 65.5 66.8

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265.6 268.8 262.9 272.3 635.8 658.9 638.8 662.0 151.2 161.1 150.2 160.4

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.9 45.2 44.4 45.6 120.7 122.6 122.8 125.9 7.2 7.0 7.2 7.0

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456.5 477.8 457.8 478.7 522.6 529.6 527.0 532.4 44.7 45.7 44.5 45.8

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 9.9 9.6 9.7 50.5 51.1 50.5 51.7 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.7

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.5 78.4 76.3 79.4 164.1 171.5 166.4 173.0 14.3 15.0 14.6 14.7

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 6.0 6.3 6.2 6.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Financial activities Professional and business services Education and health services

September October September October September October

2020 2021 2020 2021p

2020 2021 2020 2021p2020 2021 2020 2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.4 98.4 96.3 99.2 242.2 253.1 251.7 259.5 235.9 242.4 238.6 247.1

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.8 10.8 10.5 10.6 26.1 26.8 26.0 26.0 49.0 50.0 49.4 50.1

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231.6 234.2 233.4 235.1 421.1 450.3 432.3 458.7 457.7 481.0 463.7 480.4

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.4 67.3 63.8 67.2 137.5 146.9 141.2 149.4 187.1 188.3 187.5 189.6

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 802.7 809.4 809.6 818.6 2,550.6 2,722.7 2,600.1 2,770.4 2,702.0 2,782.4 2,736.0 2,820.2

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171.4 174.0 173.5 175.1 428.2 452.4 431.2 455.1 337.2 341.6 341.4 345.3

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119.0 117.6 119.8 119.3 205.1 212.0 205.3 213.7 323.6 332.5 328.1 337.6

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.4 46.4 46.8 47.1 61.1 59.1 62.2 61.3 77.6 77.8 78.4 78.8

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.8 27.9 28.8 27.9 163.7 165.6 165.5 172.1 122.8 125.3 124.4 128.2

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 590.7 619.9 595.0 626.7 1,346.7 1,419.3 1,363.2 1,440.7 1,296.9 1,347.3 1,311.8 1,363.0

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248.3 254.3 251.9 255.2 687.5 751.9 702.9 766.0 583.5 603.0 594.4 616.2

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.0 27.4 26.3 27.3 61.7 69.8 63.2 71.1 80.5 82.0 80.9 82.1

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.9 41.2 38.5 41.1 100.1 100.5 101.1 100.3 111.4 111.8 112.3 113.8

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405.8 396.9 406.8 402.5 880.7 925.1 897.2 947.6 881.3 890.0 890.7 901.1

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139.6 139.2 139.3 140.0 325.6 331.8 336.4 338.7 461.0 471.6 465.3 473.5

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109.3 110.4 110.0 110.7 133.1 134.9 136.4 136.3 220.7 222.4 223.8 226.5

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.5 74.6 77.0 74.8 168.8 174.3 171.8 174.2 197.1 196.4 198.5 198.7

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.5 94.9 93.3 95.3 208.4 205.5 213.7 207.9 276.2 280.9 277.3 283.4

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.4 88.5 86.7 89.2 200.3 208.1 206.1 216.9 305.1 311.6 310.1 318.3

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.8 32.3 32.6 32.3 68.5 71.1 69.1 70.8 125.6 126.6 126.8 126.4

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.5 136.4 136.1 136.3 437.8 463.3 442.4 471.3 432.7 450.9 443.9 459.3

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214.9 218.5 216.1 217.5 575.5 612.9 581.8 626.9 745.1 764.2 753.4 781.4

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225.0 225.9 225.2 227.5 598.0 630.7 614.1 651.2 638.8 639.1 647.9 646.5

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192.7 189.9 192.8 190.6 354.8 375.6 358.5 382.3 528.5 531.9 538.9 539.3

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.3 43.2 42.5 43.7 107.9 111.4 110.2 115.2 139.2 142.3 140.7 143.9

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174.2 167.4 174.2 166.7 360.6 383.4 364.8 389.5 475.4 485.1 484.0 492.2

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.4 26.2 26.5 26.2 44.3 44.0 44.7 43.9 77.7 77.4 78.7 77.8

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.2 73.0 74.6 74.3 116.1 122.3 118.3 123.6 152.4 157.5 155.6 160.6

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.5 68.5 66.7 69.5 175.9 196.8 180.3 203.8 142.2 143.8 142.3 147.7

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.9 34.0 33.8 34.4 82.3 85.1 84.1 86.6 115.9 118.6 118.0 120.3

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241.5 247.1 243.8 247.2 645.9 682.7 652.0 698.8 659.1 683.2 670.6 691.8

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.8 33.1 33.8 33.6 105.8 112.0 106.5 114.1 135.1 136.7 135.9 138.9

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 702.1 688.6 700.2 691.6 1,218.9 1,273.5 1,238.9 1,302.7 1,969.1 2,016.2 2,018.4 2,065.8

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257.8 261.4 259.2 261.1 636.6 674.9 653.5 688.7 594.1 593.1 602.6 603.1

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.3 24.5 24.4 24.5 31.7 31.9 31.4 31.9 65.7 64.9 66.2 64.9

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300.2 301.8 302.3 304.0 695.1 716.5 705.4 723.4 892.5 893.5 903.1 899.2

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.2 78.7 76.3 80.4 181.7 187.1 182.0 191.8 235.9 240.5 239.3 241.3

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.5 105.9 100.5 104.4 239.3 259.1 244.7 263.9 294.0 297.3 295.9 299.1

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324.0 330.8 322.8 329.7 755.2 777.3 762.7 788.0 1,231.3 1,243.2 1,258.1 1,266.5

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.2 34.7 34.4 34.0 66.0 66.0 67.2 66.6 100.1 101.2 101.2 103.3

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105.1 103.9 105.8 105.3 282.3 282.2 287.9 287.6 247.8 255.3 252.7 258.1

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.1 27.7 28.3 27.8 32.4 33.6 32.8 33.5 73.8 72.4 74.2 76.0

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170.3 174.8 170.9 174.6 412.2 444.8 428.0 450.8 433.9 430.2 433.3 428.8

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 800.6 835.2 809.6 841.4 1,738.7 1,931.0 1,784.4 1,970.5 1,680.1 1,747.0 1,705.5 1,764.9

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.6 98.9 93.9 98.9 228.5 242.7 231.6 244.5 207.3 213.7 209.3 217.9

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.9 12.1 12.1 12.3 28.6 30.2 29.5 30.9 62.7 61.2 63.0 62.9

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208.2 203.5 207.6 203.8 752.6 779.8 760.9 789.0 526.8 536.7 535.2 541.8

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158.1 163.3 157.7 164.6 422.3 447.1 424.9 452.2 488.8 520.2 496.2 522.3

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.2 29.4 29.3 28.9 65.0 67.2 65.6 67.3 128.0 129.0 128.5 128.7

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152.2 149.7 151.5 148.9 308.6 321.6 317.7 322.7 450.4 443.6 451.3 442.9

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.8 11.0 10.9 11.1 18.5 19.0 18.8 19.6 28.5 28.2 28.9 28.2

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.4 42.8 42.6 43.1 117.6 120.4 119.7 122.1 108.9 112.2 110.1 114.6

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.9 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.3 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.2

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Leisure and hospitality Other services Government

September October September October September October

2020 2021 2020 2021p

2020 2021 2020 2021p2020 2021 2020 2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175.7 195.3 178.4 200.9 90.6 92.1 91.0 92.6 385.8 388.5 389.1 391.1

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.2 30.7 24.7 27.1 10.1 11.3 10.3 11.5 78.0 76.0 78.6 76.4

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260.3 313.5 271.5 321.6 88.9 91.8 89.7 92.7 418.8 415.9 417.1 417.8

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108.2 114.1 108.1 115.5 64.8 67.9 65.2 68.8 210.2 205.4 209.3 206.3

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,354.0 1,705.3 1,406.9 1,726.1 449.3 499.5 457.2 503.5 2,429.0 2,428.6 2,453.6 2,478.6

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276.0 318.4 270.6 317.1 106.9 111.8 107.0 110.4 435.9 446.8 441.3 452.9

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.3 136.2 123.6 136.4 56.4 60.3 57.4 60.2 227.2 226.9 230.4 231.1

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.9 49.4 43.6 46.8 16.5 16.2 16.7 16.4 66.0 65.8 66.6 67.0

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.1 55.9 40.7 58.7 72.4 70.7 71.9 70.4 242.3 241.1 243.1 241.2

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 941.2 1,089.2 972.1 1,118.2 314.2 342.9 319.6 349.4 1,115.9 1,115.2 1,113.9 1,117.8

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408.0 443.8 414.6 447.2 149.8 153.2 150.7 155.4 679.3 676.3 681.6 679.4

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.7 95.2 60.6 93.8 20.8 23.0 20.2 23.2 119.8 116.4 119.8 118.1

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.1 89.9 79.1 84.9 25.7 25.4 25.6 25.5 125.9 128.0 128.0 130.6

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465.4 521.1 463.2 524.1 233.2 240.0 233.2 244.5 789.1 792.6 792.3 797.9

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271.7 288.1 273.6 287.7 111.2 113.3 112.2 114.1 421.8 419.6 420.3 419.2

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121.2 135.9 120.0 132.7 54.9 56.1 55.4 56.7 254.3 256.9 258.4 261.1

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.6 121.4 113.4 121.7 48.7 48.0 49.1 48.6 249.7 253.9 254.6 256.2

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169.9 173.3 173.0 170.4 61.1 62.6 61.2 62.4 297.9 299.7 299.9 301.5

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.0 188.0 186.3 201.0 65.1 66.1 65.7 67.0 316.1 312.0 316.6 313.4

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.6 62.0 55.0 57.9 20.5 21.7 20.6 21.8 99.4 97.4 99.2 98.6

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214.4 236.9 217.0 236.0 100.6 107.6 101.7 107.9 493.2 509.7 505.0 519.6

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269.5 318.7 262.5 319.0 111.7 117.4 113.1 118.7 433.2 444.7 435.1 450.8

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344.8 374.6 341.5 372.3 144.1 148.7 143.4 149.3 581.6 595.0 591.4 605.3

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213.2 257.8 210.0 248.7 100.2 104.4 103.1 105.0 400.7 403.2 414.1 415.1

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119.3 125.7 121.9 128.7 39.7 41.5 40.3 41.8 238.3 233.9 239.0 234.7

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258.8 288.6 254.7 282.1 110.5 112.3 112.5 113.2 430.4 426.6 433.1 431.4

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 67.2 59.6 64.2 18.3 19.9 18.6 19.5 90.7 89.9 90.7 91.4

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.9 88.1 82.6 88.8 35.8 37.1 35.4 37.3 169.4 169.8 169.9 172.4

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247.4 280.5 246.1 280.4 37.1 44.2 37.3 45.2 162.5 164.6 162.1 164.0

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 71.0 59.9 69.7 22.9 23.6 22.1 23.2 86.4 87.7 87.1 88.6

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296.7 332.7 289.1 320.9 142.8 146.3 142.8 148.6 579.9 577.1 581.6 593.4

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.8 91.2 80.2 91.6 26.0 27.9 26.1 27.7 179.1 174.7 179.6 174.7

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 622.2 742.6 626.5 747.9 336.5 346.6 337.4 350.8 1,457.4 1,420.7 1,461.3 1,456.8

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420.2 463.7 427.3 475.0 154.7 158.6 156.4 160.7 716.1 712.1 721.1 722.5

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.5 38.5 35.2 39.4 14.8 15.2 15.1 15.6 80.7 80.6 81.6 82.3

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477.5 515.9 472.4 515.0 193.0 189.7 194.1 192.1 753.1 763.1 763.3 773.6

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158.0 170.9 159.9 167.9 65.3 63.9 65.3 64.8 347.8 348.1 348.9 350.6

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.6 178.8 161.5 178.1 57.6 62.0 57.7 61.5 276.3 282.5 282.2 291.6

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433.9 487.6 434.3 488.3 225.7 236.0 228.7 238.8 688.9 681.0 691.0 686.1

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.7 54.7 46.5 52.4 19.7 20.6 19.5 20.8 63.5 65.6 63.1 65.4

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226.2 251.5 229.3 250.1 73.0 77.6 72.8 78.5 366.7 370.8 369.7 374.0

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.8 46.3 41.7 44.7 16.9 17.5 17.0 17.5 78.9 80.1 80.0 80.5

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290.7 318.2 293.5 316.7 116.7 122.9 118.7 123.3 439.3 444.9 444.2 446.9

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,151.0 1,310.3 1,177.1 1,316.3 386.7 418.0 394.1 426.9 1,956.5 1,972.3 1,980.6 1,999.3

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.3 152.2 136.4 151.8 40.2 41.4 40.0 42.1 247.7 249.7 246.8 252.5

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.9 28.4 25.0 28.0 9.3 10.3 9.4 10.7 52.7 52.0 53.1 53.3

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326.5 353.5 333.5 359.8 179.1 182.1 179.7 184.4 709.6 715.6 713.1 725.9

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257.5 314.2 254.2 305.6 116.7 121.6 117.0 121.4 549.4 554.7 546.3 565.8

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.9 69.0 63.1 70.5 21.4 21.5 21.6 21.7 147.1 149.7 148.9 150.7

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236.8 252.3 225.1 252.6 144.1 149.1 146.0 149.1 386.5 386.9 391.3 394.3

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.2 38.1 33.9 35.4 15.8 16.3 15.7 16.0 67.4 65.8 67.6 65.9

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.5 77.3 68.8 79.6 16.0 16.7 16.1 16.7 200.5 196.1 196.5 196.3

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9 4.7 4.1 4.8 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6 10.9 10.6 11.1 10.8

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
TEXAS

N.M.

CALIF.

NEV.

MONT.

ARIZ.

ORE.

S.D.

WYO.

KAN. MO.

N.D.

COLO.

NEB.

GA.

UTAH ILL.

MINN.

LA.

PA.

IDAHO

FLA.

N.Y.

KY.

WIS.

N.C.

VA.

OKLA.

ALA.

ARK.

IOWA

WASH.

IND.

MISS.

OHIO

S.C.

MICH.

TENN.

MAINE

W.VA.

VT.

MD.

N.H.

Map 1. Unemployment rates by state, seasonally adjusted, 

October 2021

(U.S. rate = 4.6 percent)

HAWAII

ALASKA

D.C.

!

MASS.

! CONN.

!

R.I.

!

DEL.

!

N.J.

6.0% or higher

5.0% to 5.9%

4.0% to 4.9%

3.0% to 3.9%

2.9% or lower
WASH.

ORE.

CALIF.

IDAHO

NEV.

ARIZ.

MONT.

WYO.

COLO.

N.M.

N.D.

S.D.

NEB.

KAN.

OKLA.

TEXAS

MINN.

IOWA

MO.

ARK.

LA.

WIS.

ILL.

MICH.

IND. OHIO

KY.

TENN.

MISS. ALA. GA.

S.C.

N.C.

VA. W.VA.

PA.

N.Y.

MAINE

N.H.

VT.

MASS.

R.I.

N.J.

CONN.

DEL.

FLA.

MD. UTAH

ALASKA

HAWAII

D.C.

Above 5.0%

3.5% to 5.0%

2.5% to 3.4%

2.0% to 2.4%

Below 2.0%

Map 2. Percentage change in nonfarm employment by state,

seasonally adjusted, October 2020 - October 2021