For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, July 20, 2022 USDL-22-1519

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

STATE JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – MAY 2022 

Job openings rates decreased in 11 states and the District of Columbia, increased in 3 states, and were 

little changed in 36 states on the last business day of May, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported 

today. Hires rates decreased in 3 states, increased in 3 states, and were little changed in 44 states and the 

District of Columbia. Total separations rates decreased in 7 states, increased in 3 states, and were little 

changed in 40 states and the District of Columbia. Nationally, the job openings rate decreased in May 

while hires and total separations rates were unchanged. (See tables A-E.) 

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, total separations, quits, and 

layoffs and discharges for the total nonfarm sector and for all states and the District of Columbia. 

Job Openings 

In May, job openings rates decreased in 11 states and the District of Columbia. Job openings rates 

increased in 3 states. The largest decreases in job openings rates occurred in Illinois (-1.5 percentage 

points) and in Georgia and Hawaii (-1.3 points each). Increases in job openings rates occurred in 

Massachusetts (+0.6 point) as well as Connecticut and Pennsylvania (+0.5 percentage point each). Over 

the month, the national job openings rate decreased (-0.3 percentage point). (See table A.) 

The number of job openings decreased in 12 states and the District of Columbia in May. Job openings 

increased in 3 states. The largest decreases in the job openings level occurred in Illinois 

(-102,000), and in Florida and Georgia (-69,000 each). Increases in the job openings level occurred in 

Pennsylvania (+30,000), Massachusetts (+29,000), and Connecticut (+9,000). Nationally, the number of 

job openings decreased over the month (-427,000). (See table A.) 

Hires 

In May, hires rates decreased in 3 states and increased in 3 states. The decreases in hires rates occurred 

in Oklahoma (-1.3 percentage points), Alabama (-0.7 point), and Virginia (-0.5 point). Increases in hires 

rates occurred in Nevada (+1.1 percentage points), Ohio (+0.7 point), and Missouri (+0.6 point). The 

national hires rate was unchanged. (See table B.) 

The number of hires increased in 2 states and decreased in 2 states in May. Increases in the hires level 

occurred in Ohio (+42,000) and Nevada (+15,000). Decreases occurred in Oklahoma (-22,000) and 

Alabama (-15,000). Nationally, the number of hires was little changed over the month. (See table B.) 
- 2 - 

Total Separations 

In May, total separations rates decreased in 7 states and increased in 3 states. The largest decreases in 

total separations rates occurred in Indiana (-0.9 percentage point) and in Illinois and Kentucky (-0.8 

point each). Increases occurred in Florida (+1.1 percentage points), Michigan (+0.8 point), and 

California (+0.5 point). The national total separations rate was unchanged over the month. (See table C.) 

The number of total separations decreased in 6 states in May and increased in 4 states. The largest 

decreases in the total separations level occurred in Illinois (-47,000), Indiana (-27,000), and Virginia 

(-26,000). The largest increases in the total separations level occurred in Florida (+105,000), California 

(+95,000), and Michigan (+37,000). Nationally, the number of total separations was little changed in 

May. (See table C.) 

 

Quits 

In May, quits rates decreased in 7 states and increased in 2 states. The largest decreases in quits rates 

occurred in New Jersey (-0.7 percentage point), Indiana (-0.6 point) as well as Nebraska and Oklahoma 

(-0.5 point each). Increases in quits rates occurred in Florida and Pennsylvania (+0.7 percentage point 

each). Over the month, the national quits rate was little changed. (See table D.) 

The number of quits decreased in 7 states and increased in 2 states in May. The largest decreases in the 

quits level occurred in New Jersey (-29,000), Indiana (-17,000), and Massachusetts (-13,000). Increases 

in the quits level occurred in Florida (+64,000) and in Pennsylvania (+38,000). Nationally, the number 

of quits was little changed over the month. (See table D.) 

 

Layoffs and Discharges 

In May, layoffs and discharges rates decreased in 7 states and increased in 4 states. The largest 

decreases in layoffs and discharges rates occurred in Virginia (-0.6 percentage point), Illinois (-0.5 

point) and in Indiana and Tennessee (-0.4 point each). The increases in layoffs and discharges rates 

occurred in Michigan (+1.0 percentage point), Florida (+0.4 point), and in California and New Jersey 

(+0.3 point). The national layoffs and discharges rate was unchanged. (See table E.) 

The number of layoffs and discharges increased in 5 states and decreased in 4 states in May. The 

largest increases in the layoffs and discharges level occurred in California (+56,000), Michigan 

(+45,000), and Florida (+38,000). The largest decreases in the layoffs and discharges level occurred in 

Illinois (-32,000), Virginia (-23,000), and Indiana (-11,000). Nationally, the number of layoffs and 

discharges was little changed over the month. (See table E.) 

For more information, please see the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) interactive 

charts at www.bls.gov/charts/state-job-openings-and-labor-turnover/state-job-openings-rates.htm#. 

 

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey State estimates for June 2022 are scheduled to be 

released on Wednesday, August 17, 2022 at 10:00 a.m. (ET). 
- 3 - 
- 4 - 
- 5 - 
Technical Note 

 This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

JOLTS program provides information on labor 

demand and turnover. Additional information about 

the JOLTS program can be found at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job 

openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and 

total separations. The JOLTS program covers all 

private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian 

federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 

states and the District of Columbia. Industries are 

classified in accordance with the North American 

Industry Classification System. 

Definitions and Methodology (National/State) 

Shared definitions and procedures for National and 

State JOLTS Estimates can be found at: 

www.bls.gov/news.release/jolts.tn.htm 

Data Element Definitions

 Employment. Employment includes persons on 

the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay 

period that includes the 12th day of the reference 

month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, 

seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are 

included, as are employees on paid vacation or other 

paid leave. Proprietors or partners of unincorporated 

businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on 

strike for the entire pay period, and employees on 

leave without pay for the entire pay period are not 

counted as employed. Employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where 

they are working. JOLTS does not publish 

employment estimates but uses the reported 

employment for validation of the other reported data 

elements. 

Job Openings. Job openings include all 

positions that are open on the last business day of the 

reference month. A job is open only if it meets all 

three of these conditions: 

 A specific position exists and there is work 

available for that position. The position can be 

full-time or part-time, and it can be permanent, 

short-term, or seasonal. 

 The job could start within 30 days, whether or 

not the employer can find a suitable candidate 

during that time. 

 The employer is actively recruiting workers from 

outside the establishment to fill the position. 

Active recruiting means that the establishment is 

taking steps to fill a position. It may include 

advertising in newspapers, on television, or on 

the radio; posting Internet notices, posting “help 

wanted” signs, networking or making “word-ofmouth” announcements; accepting applications; 

interviewing candidates; contacting employment 

agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, 

state or local employment offices, or similar 

sources. 

 Excluded are positions open only to internal 

transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from 

layoffs. Also excluded are openings for positions 

with start dates more than 30 days in the future, 

positions for which employees have been hired but 

the employees have not yet reported for work, and 

positions to be filled by employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 

computed by dividing the number of job openings by 

the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll 

during the entire reference month, including newly 

hired and rehired employees; full-time and part-time 

employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal 

employees; employees who were recalled to a job at 

the location following a layoff (formal suspension 

from pay status) lasting more than 7 days; on-call or 

intermittent employees who returned to work after 

having been formally separated; workers who were 

hired and separated during the month, and transfers 

from other locations. Excluded are transfers or 

promotions within the reporting location, employees 

returning from strike, employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is 

computed by dividing the number of hires by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

 Separations. Total Separations include all 

separations from the payroll during the entire 

reference month and is reported by type of 

separation: quits, layoffs and discharges, and other 

separations. Quits include employees who left 

voluntarily with the exception of retirements or 
transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges 

includes involuntary separations initiated by the 

employer including layoffs with no intent to rehire; 

layoffs (formal suspensions from pay status) lasting 

or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges 

resulting from mergers, downsizing, or closings; 

firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of 

permanent or short-term employees; and terminations 

of seasonal employees (whether or not they are 

expected to return the next season). Other separations 

include retirements, transfers to other locations, 

separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 

Excluded from other separations are transfers within 

the same location; employees on strike; employees of 

temporary help agencies, employee leasing 

companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The 

other separations component is not published for 

states due to its comparatively high error, and 

because it comprises less than 8% of total 

separations. The separations rate is computed by 

dividing the number of separations by employment 

and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits and 

layoffs and discharges rates are computed similarly. 

State Estimates Methodology

The JOLTS sample of 21,000 establishments 

does not directly support the production of sample 

based state estimates. However, state estimates have 

been produced by combining the available sample 

with model-based estimates. 

 These estimates consist of four major estimating 

models; the Composite Regional model, the 

Synthetic model, the Composite Synthetic model, 

and the Extended Composite Synthetic model. The 

Composite Regional model uses JOLTS microdata, 

JOLTS regional published estimates, and Current 

Employment Statistics (CES) employment data. The 

Composite Synthetic model uses JOLTS microdata 

and Synthetic model estimates derived from monthly 

employment changes in microdata from the Quarterly 

Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and 

JOLTS published regional data. The Extended 

Composite Synthetic extends the Composite 

Synthetic estimates by ratio-adjusting the Composite 

Synthetic by the ratio of the current Composite 

Regional model estimate to the Composite Regional 

model estimate from one year ago. 

 The Extended Composite Synthetic model (and 

its major component—the Composite Regional 

model) is used to extend the Composite Synthetic 

estimates because all of the inputs required by this 

model are available at the time monthly estimate are 

produced. In contrast, the Composite Synthetic model 

(and its major component—the Synthetic model) can 

only be produced when the latest QCEW data are 

available. The current model uses the Extended 

Composite Synthetic model estimates to extend the 

Composite Synthetic model estimates during the 

annual JOLTS re-tabulation process. The extension 

of the Composite Synthetic model using current databased Composite Regional model estimates will 

ensure that the Composite Synthetic model estimates 

reflect current economic trends. 

 The Composite Regional model calculates statelevel JOLTS estimates from JOLTS microdata using 

sample weights, and the adjustments for nonresponse (NRAF). The Composite Regional estimate 

is then benchmarked to CES state-supersector 

employment to produce state-supersector estimates. 

The JOLTS sample, by itself, cannot ensure a 

reasonably sized sample for each state-supersector 

cell. The small JOLTS sample results in quite a 

number of state-supersector cells that lack enough 

data to produce a reasonable estimate. To overcome 

this issue, the state-level estimates derived directly 

from the JOLTS sample are augmented using JOLTS 

regional estimates when the number of respondents is 

low (that is, less than 30). This approach is known as 

a composite estimate which leverages the small 

JOLTS sample to the greatest extent possible and 

supplements that with a model-based estimate. 

 In this approach, the JOLTS microdata-based 

estimate is used, without model augmentation, in all 

state-supersector cells that have 30 or more 

respondents. The JOLTS regional estimate will be 

used, without a sample-based component, in all statesupersector cells that have fewer than five 

respondents. In all state-supersector cells with 5–30 

respondents an estimate is calculated that is a 

composition of a weighted estimate of the microdatabased estimate and a weighted estimate of the JOLTS 

regional estimate. The weight assigned to the JOLTS 

data in those cells is proportional the number of 

JOLTS respondents in the cell (weight=n∕30, where n 

is the number of respondents). 

 Benchmarking. The JOLTS State estimates 

utilize and leverage data from three BLS programs; 

JOLTS, CES, and QCEW. These state estimates are 

published as a historical series comprised of an 

historical annually revised benchmark component for 
the Composite Synthetic model and a current 

component Extended Composite Synthetic model 

which provides monthly "real-time" estimates 

between lagged benchmarks.

 Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses X-13 ARIMA 

for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal 

adjustment methodology is used in which new 

seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each 

month, using all relevant data, up to and including 

current month data. JOLTS state seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors 

at the beginning and end of the series and to detect 

and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally 

adjusted CES over-the-month employment trends are 

applied to the seasonally adjusted JOLTS state 

implied employment trends (hires minus separations) 

forcing them to be approximately the same, while 

preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data. 

Reliability of the estimates 

 JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling 

and nonsampling error. Sampling error occurs when a 

sample is surveyed rather than the entire population. 

There is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. 

The difference, or sampling error, varies depending 

on the particular sample selected. This variability is 

measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS 

analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent 

level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an 

estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population 

value because of sampling error. Sampling error 

estimates are available on the JOLTS Median 

Standard Errors page: 

www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by 

nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for 

many reasons including: the failure to include a 

segment of the population; the inability to obtain data 

from all units in the sample; the inability or 

unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 

timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors 

made in the collection or processing of the data; and 

errors from the employment benchmark data used in 

estimation. 

 The JOLTS State variance estimates account for 

both sampling error and the error attributable to 

modeling. A small area domain model uses a 

Bayesian model to develop estimates of JOLTS State 

variance. The small area model uses QCEW-based 

JOLTS synthetic model data to generate a Bayesian 

prior distribution, then updates the prior distribution 

using JOLTS microdata and sample-based variance 

estimates at the State and US Census Regional level 

to generate a Bayesian posterior distribution. Once 

the Bayesian posterior distribution has been 

generated, an estimate of JOLTS State variance 

estimates is made by drawing 2,500 estimates from 

the Bayesian posterior distribution. This Bayesian 

approach thus indirectly accounts for sampling error 

and directly for model error. 

Other information 

Detailed information about the JOLTS State 

methodology can be found at: 

www.bls.gov/jlt/jlt_statedata_methodology.htm 

 If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech 

disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access 

telecommunications relay services. 
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

May

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 9,639 11,344 11,855 11,681 11,254 6.2 7.0 7.3 7.2 6.9

Alabama.......................................... 135 152 152 157 148 6.2 6.9 6.9 7.1 6.6

Alaska............................................ 22 34 34 30 28 6.7 9.7 9.7 8.6 8.2

Arizona........................................... 217 237 259 222 200 6.9 7.2 7.9 6.8 6.2

Arkansas......................................... 79 89 102 96 98 5.8 6.4 7.2 6.8 7.0

California......................................... 928 1,299 1,298 1,251 1,283 5.3 7.0 6.9 6.7 6.8

Colorado......................................... 202 203 217 229 220 6.9 6.7 7.1 7.4 7.2

Connecticut...................................... 100 112 115 111 120 5.9 6.4 6.5 6.3 6.8

Delaware......................................... 31 33 37 35 34 6.5 6.8 7.5 7.1 6.9

District of Columbia............................. 42 43 47 57 46 5.4 5.3 5.8 6.9 5.7

Florida............................................ 545 688 765 729 660 5.8 6.9 7.7 7.3 6.6

Georgia........................................... 365 432 419 436 367 7.4 8.4 8.1 8.4 7.1

Hawaii............................................ 38 47 45 54 45 6.1 7.3 7.0 8.2 6.9

Idaho............................................. 52 67 61 60 60 6.2 7.6 7.0 6.9 6.9

Illinois............................................. 343 472 489 507 405 5.6 7.3 7.5 7.8 6.3

Indiana........................................... 219 231 239 250 229 6.7 6.8 7.0 7.3 6.7

Iowa............................................... 98 115 117 131 120 6.0 6.8 7.0 7.7 7.1

Kansas........................................... 83 98 99 110 100 5.7 6.6 6.6 7.3 6.7

Kentucky......................................... 153 158 213 178 168 7.5 7.5 9.9 8.4 8.0

Louisiana......................................... 117 146 149 156 160 5.9 7.1 7.2 7.6 7.7

Maine............................................. 42 50 50 50 49 6.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.2

Maryland......................................... 216 201 223 227 227 7.6 6.9 7.6 7.7 7.7

Massachusetts.................................. 224 313 304 309 338 6.0 7.9 7.7 7.8 8.4

Michigan......................................... 348 355 350 369 351 7.7 7.6 7.5 7.9 7.5

Minnesota........................................ 195 231 239 235 236 6.4 7.4 7.6 7.5 7.5

Mississippi....................................... 83 88 91 85 89 6.8 7.0 7.3 6.8 7.1

Missouri.......................................... 175 215 226 240 229 5.8 6.9 7.2 7.6 7.3

Montana.......................................... 36 47 46 45 45 6.9 8.5 8.3 8.2 8.2

Nebraska......................................... 64 70 79 86 79 6.0 6.4 7.1 7.7 7.1

Nevada........................................... 112 123 112 115 107 7.7 7.9 7.2 7.4 6.9

New Hampshire................................. 51 62 58 56 55 7.2 8.4 7.9 7.6 7.5

New Jersey...................................... 267 278 282 288 285 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.4 6.4

New Mexico..................................... 58 70 70 68 66 6.7 7.7 7.6 7.4 7.2

New York........................................ 523 605 588 581 538 5.5 6.1 5.9 5.8 5.4

North Carolina................................... 299 374 424 396 386 6.1 7.4 8.2 7.7 7.5

North Dakota.................................... 27 32 34 36 32 6.1 7.0 7.4 7.8 7.0

Ohio............................................... 327 405 407 431 420 5.8 6.9 6.9 7.3 7.1

Oklahoma........................................ 105 118 148 128 125 6.0 6.6 8.1 7.1 6.9

Oregon........................................... 134 156 158 147 137 6.7 7.5 7.5 7.0 6.6

Pennsylvania.................................... 451 426 514 448 478 7.3 6.7 8.0 7.0 7.5

Rhode Island.................................... 32 39 43 41 41 6.3 7.4 8.0 7.6 7.6

South Carolina.................................. 172 184 209 180 179 7.4 7.7 8.7 7.6 7.5

South Dakota.................................... 28 34 34 37 34 6.0 7.1 7.1 7.6 7.0

Tennessee....................................... 224 261 265 265 253 6.8 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.3

Texas............................................. 824 929 1,003 1,002 974 6.1 6.6 7.1 7.0 6.8

Utah............................................... 100 120 123 108 116 5.9 6.8 6.9 6.1 6.5

Vermont.......................................... 24 25 26 27 26 7.6 7.7 8.0 8.3 8.0

Virginia........................................... 267 305 340 316 321 6.4 7.1 7.8 7.3 7.4

Washington...................................... 190 253 244 229 240 5.4 6.8 6.6 6.2 6.4

West Virginia.................................... 54 61 61 60 57 7.3 8.0 8.0 7.9 7.4

Wisconsin........................................ 198 229 221 252 226 6.4 7.3 7.0 7.9 7.2

Wyoming......................................... 19 26 25 24 23 6.4 8.3 8.1 7.8 7.5

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

May

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 6,092 6,832 6,645 6,527 6,489 4.2 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.3

Alabama.......................................... 97 109 106 104 89 4.8 5.3 5.1 5.0 4.3

Alaska............................................ 17 20 21 22 21 5.6 6.3 6.6 6.9 6.7

Arizona........................................... 115 151 157 140 148 3.9 5.0 5.2 4.6 4.9

Arkansas......................................... 57 61 73 64 61 4.5 4.7 5.6 4.9 4.7

California......................................... 641 689 631 665 618 3.9 4.0 3.6 3.8 3.5

Colorado......................................... 121 148 134 155 141 4.4 5.2 4.7 5.4 4.9

Connecticut...................................... 59 61 58 62 68 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.8 4.1

Delaware......................................... 21 26 24 23 23 4.7 5.7 5.3 5.0 5.0

District of Columbia............................. 21 26 27 27 25 2.9 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.3

Florida............................................ 415 428 468 435 454 4.7 4.6 5.1 4.7 4.9

Georgia........................................... 264 315 275 268 270 5.8 6.7 5.8 5.6 5.6

Hawaii............................................ 27 31 31 34 31 4.6 5.2 5.2 5.6 5.1

Idaho............................................. 38 49 42 42 43 4.8 6.0 5.2 5.2 5.3

Illinois............................................. 256 261 263 256 271 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.5

Indiana........................................... 147 142 148 137 140 4.8 4.5 4.7 4.3 4.4

Iowa............................................... 67 57 65 61 65 4.4 3.6 4.2 3.9 4.2

Kansas........................................... 56 45 53 51 54 4.1 3.2 3.8 3.7 3.9

Kentucky......................................... 90 106 123 107 96 4.8 5.5 6.3 5.5 5.0

Louisiana......................................... 98 98 99 88 92 5.2 5.1 5.2 4.6 4.8

Maine............................................. 21 29 27 28 25 3.4 4.6 4.2 4.4 3.9

Maryland......................................... 102 116 124 120 110 3.9 4.3 4.6 4.4 4.1

Massachusetts.................................. 117 147 126 142 134 3.4 4.0 3.5 3.9 3.7

Michigan......................................... 184 187 202 169 160 4.4 4.3 4.7 3.9 3.7

Minnesota........................................ 88 110 108 112 103 3.1 3.8 3.7 3.9 3.5

Mississippi....................................... 58 57 57 56 55 5.1 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.7

Missouri.......................................... 113 92 105 114 129 4.0 3.2 3.6 3.9 4.5

Montana.......................................... 26 31 29 30 30 5.3 6.1 5.7 5.9 5.9

Nebraska......................................... 40 38 43 41 41 4.0 3.7 4.2 4.0 4.0

Nevada........................................... 93 72 69 83 98 6.9 5.0 4.8 5.7 6.8

New Hampshire................................. 25 32 28 33 33 3.8 4.7 4.1 4.8 4.8

New Jersey...................................... 128 169 178 173 163 3.2 4.1 4.3 4.1 3.9

New Mexico..................................... 36 42 40 40 39 4.5 5.0 4.7 4.7 4.6

New York........................................ 291 338 309 308 329 3.2 3.6 3.3 3.3 3.5

North Carolina................................... 237 271 250 235 221 5.2 5.8 5.3 5.0 4.7

North Dakota.................................... 17 18 19 19 18 4.1 4.2 4.5 4.5 4.2

Ohio............................................... 213 211 211 207 249 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.8 4.5

Oklahoma........................................ 73 91 95 106 84 4.5 5.4 5.7 6.3 5.0

Oregon........................................... 82 92 93 90 85 4.4 4.8 4.8 4.6 4.4

Pennsylvania.................................... 173 242 199 180 187 3.0 4.1 3.4 3.0 3.2

Rhode Island.................................... 21 24 23 22 22 4.4 4.9 4.7 4.4 4.4

South Carolina.................................. 99 120 120 109 117 4.6 5.5 5.5 5.0 5.3

South Dakota.................................... 17 19 20 19 18 3.9 4.3 4.5 4.2 4.0

Tennessee....................................... 148 164 159 153 143 4.8 5.1 5.0 4.8 4.4

Texas............................................. 564 663 605 625 645 4.5 5.0 4.6 4.7 4.8

Utah............................................... 70 84 82 76 68 4.4 5.1 5.0 4.6 4.1

Vermont.......................................... 11 15 14 14 13 3.7 5.0 4.7 4.7 4.3

Virginia........................................... 161 194 197 190 171 4.1 4.8 4.9 4.7 4.2

Washington...................................... 123 158 148 136 131 3.7 4.6 4.3 3.9 3.8

West Virginia.................................... 31 40 35 32 33 4.5 5.7 5.0 4.6 4.6

Wisconsin........................................ 108 125 115 106 110 3.8 4.3 3.9 3.6 3.7

Wyoming......................................... 14 18 17 17 17 5.0 6.3 6.0 6.0 6.0

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

May

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 5,513 6,082 6,248 5,965 5,983 3.8 4.0 4.1 3.9 3.9

Alabama.......................................... 90 91 101 99 93 4.4 4.4 4.9 4.8 4.5

Alaska............................................ 18 23 22 20 21 5.9 7.3 6.9 6.3 6.7

Arizona........................................... 120 137 158 124 129 4.1 4.5 5.2 4.1 4.2

Arkansas......................................... 55 63 61 60 60 4.3 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.6

California......................................... 549 682 656 594 689 3.3 3.9 3.8 3.4 3.9

Colorado......................................... 108 137 134 128 132 4.0 4.8 4.7 4.5 4.6

Connecticut...................................... 49 60 53 59 56 3.1 3.7 3.2 3.6 3.4

Delaware......................................... 20 20 21 20 21 4.5 4.4 4.6 4.4 4.6

District of Columbia............................. 20 24 24 25 22 2.7 3.1 3.1 3.3 2.9

Florida............................................ 332 409 519 387 492 3.8 4.4 5.6 4.2 5.3

Georgia........................................... 237 245 263 249 250 5.2 5.2 5.5 5.2 5.2

Hawaii............................................ 20 23 22 20 22 3.4 3.8 3.7 3.3 3.6

Idaho............................................. 39 38 37 39 41 4.9 4.7 4.6 4.8 5.0

Illinois............................................. 238 234 232 228 181 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.0

Indiana........................................... 139 146 144 145 118 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.6 3.7

Iowa............................................... 56 60 57 67 63 3.7 3.8 3.6 4.3 4.0

Kansas........................................... 55 55 48 52 49 4.0 3.9 3.4 3.7 3.5

Kentucky......................................... 85 97 100 107 92 4.5 5.0 5.2 5.5 4.7

Louisiana......................................... 84 80 87 83 84 4.5 4.2 4.6 4.3 4.4

Maine............................................. 23 24 24 24 23 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.6

Maryland......................................... 84 105 103 103 101 3.2 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.7

Massachusetts.................................. 114 111 100 119 99 3.3 3.1 2.7 3.3 2.7

Michigan......................................... 171 141 158 163 200 4.1 3.3 3.7 3.8 4.6

Minnesota........................................ 80 95 99 102 100 2.8 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.4

Mississippi....................................... 54 69 57 55 53 4.8 5.9 4.9 4.8 4.6

Missouri.......................................... 106 113 99 129 124 3.8 3.9 3.4 4.4 4.3

Montana.......................................... 26 28 26 25 28 5.3 5.5 5.1 4.9 5.5

Nebraska......................................... 35 40 40 44 40 3.5 3.9 3.9 4.3 3.9

Nevada........................................... 65 65 62 52 58 4.8 4.5 4.3 3.6 4.0

New Hampshire................................. 23 34 29 28 30 3.5 5.0 4.3 4.1 4.4

New Jersey...................................... 134 165 185 153 132 3.4 4.0 4.4 3.6 3.1

New Mexico..................................... 28 33 32 34 32 3.5 3.9 3.8 4.0 3.8

New York........................................ 247 297 269 306 284 2.8 3.2 2.9 3.3 3.0

North Carolina................................... 228 229 241 216 213 5.0 4.9 5.1 4.6 4.5

North Dakota.................................... 19 18 17 19 18 4.6 4.2 4.0 4.5 4.2

Ohio............................................... 195 237 196 199 197 3.6 4.3 3.6 3.6 3.6

Oklahoma........................................ 66 77 74 80 70 4.0 4.6 4.4 4.8 4.2

Oregon........................................... 77 81 79 73 72 4.1 4.2 4.1 3.8 3.7

Pennsylvania.................................... 168 179 181 179 203 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.4

Rhode Island.................................... 16 20 21 20 18 3.3 4.1 4.3 4.0 3.6

South Carolina.................................. 91 105 115 113 105 4.3 4.8 5.2 5.1 4.7

South Dakota.................................... 16 17 17 17 19 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.8 4.2

Tennessee....................................... 144 154 154 156 138 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.3

Texas............................................. 516 514 584 516 506 4.1 3.9 4.4 3.9 3.8

Utah............................................... 59 67 81 64 71 3.7 4.1 4.9 3.9 4.3

Vermont.......................................... 11 14 14 11 12 3.7 4.7 4.7 3.7 4.0

Virginia........................................... 159 142 160 181 155 4.1 3.5 4.0 4.5 3.8

Washington...................................... 97 125 132 123 116 2.9 3.6 3.8 3.5 3.3

West Virginia.................................... 31 29 33 32 31 4.5 4.2 4.7 4.6 4.4

Wisconsin........................................ 101 113 111 111 103 3.5 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.5

Wyoming......................................... 15 17 16 14 16 5.4 6.0 5.6 4.9 5.7

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

May

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 3,838 4,384 4,449 4,327 4,270 2.6 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8

Alabama.......................................... 65 66 69 68 60 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 2.9

Alaska............................................ 13 18 17 15 15 4.3 5.7 5.4 4.7 4.8

Arizona........................................... 89 103 130 100 99 3.0 3.4 4.3 3.3 3.2

Arkansas......................................... 41 45 43 42 42 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.2

California......................................... 379 499 456 448 472 2.3 2.9 2.6 2.6 2.7

Colorado......................................... 81 96 100 95 90 3.0 3.4 3.5 3.3 3.2

Connecticut...................................... 27 39 34 41 36 1.7 2.4 2.1 2.5 2.2

Delaware......................................... 14 14 15 15 14 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.1

District of Columbia............................. 13 17 16 16 15 1.8 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.0

Florida............................................ 260 316 383 309 373 2.9 3.4 4.1 3.3 4.0

Georgia........................................... 172 186 168 177 178 3.8 3.9 3.5 3.7 3.7

Hawaii............................................ 14 18 17 15 15 2.4 3.0 2.8 2.5 2.5

Idaho............................................. 29 28 29 29 30 3.7 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.7

Illinois............................................. 155 162 167 164 151 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.5

Indiana........................................... 98 117 110 117 100 3.2 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.1

Iowa............................................... 40 45 42 48 45 2.6 2.9 2.7 3.1 2.9

Kansas........................................... 35 37 36 38 35 2.5 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.5

Kentucky......................................... 63 72 70 76 67 3.3 3.7 3.6 3.9 3.5

Louisiana......................................... 60 55 63 61 60 3.2 2.9 3.3 3.2 3.1

Maine............................................. 15 17 16 17 15 2.4 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.4

Maryland......................................... 56 61 68 72 71 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.6

Massachusetts.................................. 67 81 72 85 72 1.9 2.2 2.0 2.3 2.0

Michigan......................................... 123 110 110 126 121 3.0 2.5 2.5 2.9 2.8

Minnesota........................................ 57 72 72 70 70 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4

Mississippi....................................... 38 39 38 39 39 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.4

Missouri.......................................... 80 80 70 98 95 2.8 2.8 2.4 3.4 3.3

Montana.......................................... 18 19 20 19 19 3.7 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.8

Nebraska......................................... 25 29 30 33 28 2.5 2.8 2.9 3.2 2.7

Nevada........................................... 39 49 47 40 41 2.9 3.4 3.3 2.8 2.8

New Hampshire................................. 15 21 17 20 21 2.3 3.1 2.5 2.9 3.1

New Jersey...................................... 89 112 111 105 76 2.2 2.7 2.7 2.5 1.8

New Mexico..................................... 21 24 25 25 24 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.8

New York........................................ 146 187 181 183 180 1.6 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9

North Carolina................................... 158 158 154 148 156 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.3

North Dakota.................................... 12 13 11 14 13 2.9 3.1 2.6 3.3 3.1

Ohio............................................... 135 181 145 137 134 2.5 3.3 2.7 2.5 2.4

Oklahoma........................................ 48 54 53 57 48 2.9 3.2 3.2 3.4 2.9

Oregon........................................... 60 58 58 54 54 3.2 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.8

Pennsylvania.................................... 97 123 131 120 158 1.7 2.1 2.2 2.0 2.7

Rhode Island.................................... 10 13 14 13 11 2.1 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.2

South Carolina.................................. 68 80 86 82 81 3.2 3.6 3.9 3.7 3.7

South Dakota.................................... 11 13 13 12 13 2.5 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.9

Tennessee....................................... 100 108 102 111 104 3.2 3.4 3.2 3.5 3.2

Texas............................................. 367 396 439 397 380 2.9 3.0 3.3 3.0 2.8

Utah............................................... 42 48 66 47 48 2.6 2.9 4.0 2.8 2.9

Vermont.......................................... 7 9 9 7 8 2.4 3.0 3.0 2.3 2.7

Virginia........................................... 104 97 105 112 108 2.7 2.4 2.6 2.8 2.7

Washington...................................... 74 83 106 96 84 2.2 2.4 3.0 2.7 2.4

West Virginia.................................... 23 20 23 22 22 3.4 2.9 3.3 3.1 3.1

Wisconsin........................................ 74 83 79 79 70 2.6 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.4

Wyoming......................................... 10 12 13 10 11 3.6 4.2 4.6 3.5 3.9

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

May

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 1,343 1,354 1,416 1,312 1,389 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

Alabama.......................................... 19 20 24 25 27 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.3

Alaska............................................ 4 4 4 4 5 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.6

Arizona........................................... 27 27 21 18 23 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.8

Arkansas......................................... 11 14 15 14 14 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1

California......................................... 127 149 164 116 172 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.7 1.0

Colorado......................................... 23 34 27 25 31 0.8 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.1

Connecticut...................................... 19 17 15 14 16 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0

Delaware......................................... 5 5 5 4 5 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.1

District of Columbia............................. 6 6 6 6 6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

Florida............................................ 55 68 104 61 99 0.6 0.7 1.1 0.7 1.1

Georgia........................................... 50 45 77 55 66 1.1 1.0 1.6 1.2 1.4

Hawaii............................................ 4 4 4 4 5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8

Idaho............................................. 8 8 6 8 9 1.0 1.0 0.7 1.0 1.1

Illinois............................................. 75 63 55 49 17 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.3

Indiana........................................... 33 26 26 22 11 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.3

Iowa............................................... 13 13 11 13 16 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 1.0

Kansas........................................... 18 14 9 10 11 1.3 1.0 0.6 0.7 0.8

Kentucky......................................... 17 20 24 25 20 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.0

Louisiana......................................... 19 20 18 17 19 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0

Maine............................................. 7 5 6 6 7 1.1 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.1

Maryland......................................... 22 37 28 25 23 0.8 1.4 1.0 0.9 0.8

Massachusetts.................................. 41 26 21 26 23 1.2 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6

Michigan......................................... 38 26 33 29 74 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.7 1.7

Minnesota........................................ 17 20 21 25 26 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.9

Mississippi....................................... 13 22 16 12 11 1.2 1.9 1.4 1.0 0.9

Missouri.......................................... 19 28 21 26 22 0.7 1.0 0.7 0.9 0.8

Montana.......................................... 6 7 5 5 7 1.2 1.4 1.0 1.0 1.4

Nebraska......................................... 8 9 7 9 10 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.0

Nevada........................................... 23 13 12 10 14 1.7 0.9 0.8 0.7 1.0

New Hampshire................................. 7 7 8 7 7 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.0

New Jersey...................................... 38 38 60 39 49 1.0 0.9 1.4 0.9 1.2

New Mexico..................................... 5 7 6 6 7 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8

New York........................................ 83 91 67 108 88 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.1 0.9

North Carolina................................... 60 59 65 60 49 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.0

North Dakota.................................... 6 4 5 4 4 1.4 0.9 1.2 0.9 0.9

Ohio............................................... 48 38 40 50 53 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.0

Oklahoma........................................ 14 18 16 18 18 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1

Oregon........................................... 14 19 17 15 13 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7

Pennsylvania.................................... 57 42 34 50 37 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.6

Rhode Island.................................... 6 6 5 6 5 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.0

South Carolina.................................. 18 20 23 25 19 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.9

South Dakota.................................... 4 3 3 3 5 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.1

Tennessee....................................... 35 38 43 37 27 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.2 0.8

Texas............................................. 109 96 123 81 98 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.7

Utah............................................... 13 15 13 14 19 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.1

Vermont.......................................... 4 3 4 3 4 1.4 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.3

Virginia........................................... 49 37 42 63 40 1.3 0.9 1.0 1.6 1.0

Washington...................................... 18 31 20 21 24 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.7

West Virginia.................................... 6 6 7 8 7 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.0

Wisconsin........................................ 20 25 25 26 27 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

Wyoming......................................... 4 3 3 3 3 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1

p Preliminary
Table 6. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 9,641 12,324 11,245 6.2 7.5 6.9

Alabama................................................................. 144 171 156 6.6 7.6 7.0

Alaska................................................................... 34 30 40 9.8 8.7 11.2

Arizona.................................................................. 209 227 184 6.6 6.9 5.7

Arkansas................................................................ 78 101 96 5.7 7.1 6.8

California................................................................ 919 1,329 1,282 5.2 7.1 6.8

Colorado................................................................ 198 240 215 6.8 7.8 7.0

Connecticut............................................................. 103 115 126 6.0 6.6 7.1

Delaware................................................................ 31 40 34 6.4 8.0 7.0

District of Columbia.................................................... 41 61 44 5.3 7.4 5.5

Florida................................................................... 557 775 678 5.9 7.7 6.8

Georgia.................................................................. 372 457 379 7.6 8.8 7.4

Hawaii................................................................... 36 52 44 5.9 7.9 6.7

Idaho.................................................................... 56 66 62 6.5 7.5 7.1

Illinois.................................................................... 347 536 403 5.7 8.2 6.2

Indiana.................................................................. 221 272 229 6.7 7.9 6.7

Iowa..................................................................... 98 149 120 6.0 8.7 7.0

Kansas.................................................................. 80 114 97 5.5 7.5 6.5

Kentucky................................................................ 150 187 163 7.3 8.8 7.7

Louisiana................................................................ 110 166 153 5.5 8.0 7.4

Maine.................................................................... 46 50 52 6.9 7.4 7.6

Maryland................................................................ 206 233 219 7.2 7.9 7.4

Massachusetts......................................................... 224 315 346 6.0 8.0 8.6

Michigan................................................................ 378 388 379 8.3 8.3 8.0

Minnesota............................................................... 193 256 233 6.3 8.2 7.4

Mississippi.............................................................. 86 89 93 7.0 7.2 7.4

Missouri................................................................. 169 255 223 5.6 8.1 7.1

Montana................................................................. 41 48 51 7.7 8.7 9.1

Nebraska................................................................ 63 87 78 5.9 7.8 7.0

Nevada.................................................................. 115 117 110 7.9 7.5 7.0

New Hampshire........................................................ 52 55 54 7.3 7.6 7.4

New Jersey............................................................. 258 281 274 6.0 6.3 6.1

New Mexico............................................................ 52 72 57 6.0 7.8 6.3

New York............................................................... 518 581 509 5.4 5.8 5.1

North Carolina.......................................................... 292 413 373 6.0 8.0 7.3

North Dakota........................................................... 30 36 35 6.6 7.9 7.6

Ohio..................................................................... 325 452 420 5.7 7.7 7.1

Oklahoma............................................................... 103 141 122 5.9 7.7 6.7

Oregon.................................................................. 129 150 126 6.4 7.2 6.1

Pennsylvania........................................................... 445 444 485 7.2 7.0 7.5

Rhode Island........................................................... 33 43 42 6.5 8.0 7.8

South Carolina......................................................... 171 207 176 7.4 8.6 7.3

South Dakota........................................................... 33 38 39 6.9 8.0 8.0

Tennessee.............................................................. 229 282 258 6.9 8.1 7.4

Texas.................................................................... 814 1,104 974 6.1 7.7 6.8

Utah..................................................................... 95 118 110 5.6 6.6 6.2

Vermont................................................................. 23 27 25 7.4 8.3 7.7

Virginia.................................................................. 277 343 335 6.6 7.8 7.6

Washington............................................................. 181 260 230 5.1 7.0 6.2

West Virginia........................................................... 56 67 59 7.5 8.7 7.6

Wisconsin............................................................... 196 259 224 6.4 8.1 7.1

Wyoming................................................................ 26 22 30 8.4 7.4 9.6

p Preliminary
Table 7. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 6,647 6,766 7,048 4.6 4.5 4.6

Alabama................................................................. 109 110 97 5.4 5.3 4.6

Alaska................................................................... 28 22 34 8.9 6.9 10.6

Arizona.................................................................. 106 147 136 3.6 4.8 4.5

Arkansas................................................................ 61 65 63 4.7 4.9 4.8

California................................................................ 655 684 620 3.9 3.9 3.5

Colorado................................................................ 138 160 159 5.1 5.6 5.6

Connecticut............................................................. 66 75 77 4.1 4.5 4.7

Delaware................................................................ 25 27 27 5.4 5.9 5.8

District of Columbia.................................................... 21 27 25 2.8 3.6 3.3

Florida................................................................... 408 400 444 4.6 4.3 4.8

Georgia.................................................................. 297 267 305 6.6 5.6 6.4

Hawaii................................................................... 27 35 31 4.6 5.8 5.1

Idaho.................................................................... 44 44 48 5.5 5.5 5.9

Illinois.................................................................... 276 248 303 4.8 4.1 5.0

Indiana.................................................................. 164 143 161 5.3 4.5 5.1

Iowa..................................................................... 81 66 82 5.3 4.2 5.2

Kansas.................................................................. 65 48 65 4.7 3.4 4.6

Kentucky................................................................ 101 115 105 5.3 5.9 5.4

Louisiana................................................................ 104 91 96 5.6 4.8 5.0

Maine.................................................................... 29 31 34 4.7 4.9 5.3

Maryland................................................................ 107 131 116 4.0 4.9 4.2

Massachusetts......................................................... 135 146 154 3.9 4.0 4.2

Michigan................................................................ 224 169 196 5.4 3.9 4.5

Minnesota............................................................... 104 119 128 3.7 4.1 4.4

Mississippi.............................................................. 63 56 58 5.6 4.9 5.0

Missouri................................................................. 116 120 138 4.1 4.1 4.7

Montana................................................................. 35 32 39 7.0 6.4 7.7

Nebraska................................................................ 45 42 47 4.5 4.1 4.5

Nevada.................................................................. 96 94 100 7.1 6.5 6.9

New Hampshire........................................................ 30 35 40 4.5 5.2 5.8

New Jersey............................................................. 143 173 180 3.6 4.1 4.3

New Mexico............................................................ 37 46 40 4.5 5.4 4.7

New York............................................................... 311 321 350 3.5 3.4 3.7

North Carolina.......................................................... 281 250 252 6.1 5.3 5.3

North Dakota........................................................... 22 20 23 5.3 4.6 5.4

Ohio..................................................................... 247 227 297 4.6 4.2 5.4

Oklahoma............................................................... 77 110 85 4.6 6.6 5.0

Oregon.................................................................. 81 94 84 4.3 4.9 4.3

Pennsylvania........................................................... 202 212 211 3.5 3.6 3.5

Rhode Island........................................................... 25 26 26 5.1 5.3 5.2

South Carolina......................................................... 106 116 124 4.9 5.3 5.6

South Dakota........................................................... 26 20 26 5.7 4.5 5.8

Tennessee.............................................................. 169 158 163 5.5 4.9 5.0

Texas.................................................................... 582 647 669 4.6 4.9 5.0

Utah..................................................................... 77 78 72 4.8 4.7 4.4

Vermont................................................................. 14 15 14 4.9 5.0 4.7

Virginia.................................................................. 179 199 184 4.6 4.9 4.6

Washington............................................................. 124 147 128 3.7 4.2 3.7

West Virginia........................................................... 38 35 40 5.5 5.0 5.5

Wisconsin............................................................... 123 108 126 4.3 3.7 4.3

Wyoming................................................................ 22 17 25 7.7 5.9 8.8

p Preliminary
Table 8. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 5,391 5,975 5,856 3.7 4.0 3.9

Alabama................................................................. 90 104 90 4.4 5.0 4.3

Alaska................................................................... 19 15 22 6.1 4.9 6.8

Arizona.................................................................. 131 133 140 4.5 4.4 4.6

Arkansas................................................................ 56 55 59 4.3 4.2 4.5

California................................................................ 538 616 688 3.2 3.5 3.9

Colorado................................................................ 102 138 121 3.7 4.8 4.2

Connecticut............................................................. 42 57 48 2.6 3.5 2.9

Delaware................................................................ 19 20 20 4.2 4.4 4.3

District of Columbia.................................................... 20 26 22 2.7 3.4 2.9

Florida................................................................... 339 400 525 3.8 4.3 5.6

Georgia.................................................................. 233 272 247 5.1 5.7 5.2

Hawaii................................................................... 19 22 21 3.3 3.6 3.5

Idaho.................................................................... 35 38 38 4.4 4.6 4.7

Illinois.................................................................... 220 209 169 3.8 3.5 2.8

Indiana.................................................................. 142 155 117 4.6 4.9 3.7

Iowa..................................................................... 59 65 67 3.8 4.1 4.2

Kansas.................................................................. 60 48 54 4.3 3.4 3.8

Kentucky................................................................ 78 102 80 4.1 5.3 4.1

Louisiana................................................................ 86 84 86 4.6 4.4 4.5

Maine.................................................................... 20 24 20 3.3 3.8 3.1

Maryland................................................................ 74 95 88 2.8 3.5 3.2

Massachusetts......................................................... 99 110 84 2.8 3.0 2.3

Michigan................................................................ 165 157 192 3.9 3.7 4.4

Minnesota............................................................... 77 97 96 2.7 3.4 3.3

Mississippi.............................................................. 55 52 51 4.8 4.5 4.4

Missouri................................................................. 103 122 121 3.6 4.2 4.2

Montana................................................................. 24 24 28 4.9 4.8 5.5

Nebraska................................................................ 37 41 41 3.6 4.0 4.0

Nevada.................................................................. 65 51 58 4.8 3.5 4.0

New Hampshire........................................................ 21 29 29 3.2 4.3 4.2

New Jersey............................................................. 110 142 108 2.7 3.4 2.6

New Mexico............................................................ 28 34 30 3.4 4.0 3.6

New York............................................................... 221 310 266 2.5 3.3 2.8

North Carolina.......................................................... 230 211 215 5.0 4.5 4.5

North Dakota........................................................... 21 17 19 4.9 4.0 4.5

Ohio..................................................................... 198 187 197 3.7 3.4 3.6

Oklahoma............................................................... 67 82 68 4.1 4.9 4.0

Oregon.................................................................. 77 71 71 4.1 3.6 3.6

Pennsylvania........................................................... 159 177 193 2.8 3.0 3.2

Rhode Island........................................................... 15 19 16 3.1 3.8 3.2

South Carolina......................................................... 84 111 94 3.9 5.0 4.2

South Dakota........................................................... 16 14 19 3.6 3.2 4.2

Tennessee.............................................................. 152 155 140 4.9 4.8 4.3

Texas.................................................................... 524 540 508 4.2 4.1 3.8

Utah..................................................................... 58 73 69 3.6 4.4 4.2

Vermont................................................................. 14 13 15 4.7 4.5 5.1

Virginia.................................................................. 154 185 153 3.9 4.6 3.8

Washington............................................................. 87 124 103 2.6 3.6 3.0

West Virginia........................................................... 30 31 30 4.3 4.4 4.1

Wisconsin............................................................... 105 107 105 3.6 3.7 3.6

Wyoming................................................................ 14 14 15 4.9 4.9 5.3

p Preliminary
Table 9. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 3,857 4,434 4,264 2.7 2.9 2.8

Alabama................................................................. 67 74 60 3.3 3.5 2.9

Alaska................................................................... 14 11 15 4.4 3.6 4.7

Arizona.................................................................. 97 108 105 3.3 3.6 3.4

Arkansas................................................................ 41 40 41 3.2 3.1 3.1

California................................................................ 381 462 479 2.3 2.6 2.7

Colorado................................................................ 80 96 86 2.9 3.4 3.0

Connecticut............................................................. 25 43 32 1.5 2.6 1.9

Delaware................................................................ 14 14 14 3.0 3.0 3.0

District of Columbia.................................................... 12 17 14 1.7 2.2 1.8

Florida................................................................... 262 333 396 3.0 3.6 4.2

Georgia.................................................................. 173 196 177 3.8 4.1 3.7

Hawaii................................................................... 15 16 15 2.6 2.7 2.5

Idaho.................................................................... 27 28 28 3.4 3.4 3.5

Illinois.................................................................... 148 152 143 2.6 2.5 2.4

Indiana.................................................................. 102 129 101 3.3 4.1 3.2

Iowa..................................................................... 46 50 51 3.0 3.2 3.3

Kansas.................................................................. 38 37 39 2.8 2.6 2.8

Kentucky................................................................ 58 74 59 3.1 3.8 3.1

Louisiana................................................................ 62 63 61 3.3 3.3 3.2

Maine.................................................................... 14 18 13 2.3 2.8 2.1

Maryland................................................................ 50 70 63 1.9 2.6 2.3

Massachusetts......................................................... 62 84 63 1.8 2.3 1.7

Michigan................................................................ 123 127 119 2.9 3.0 2.8

Minnesota............................................................... 58 70 71 2.0 2.4 2.4

Mississippi.............................................................. 40 37 39 3.5 3.2 3.3

Missouri................................................................. 78 92 94 2.8 3.2 3.2

Montana................................................................. 18 18 20 3.7 3.5 4.0

Nebraska................................................................ 28 32 30 2.7 3.1 2.9

Nevada.................................................................. 40 39 42 3.0 2.7 2.9

New Hampshire........................................................ 14 21 21 2.2 3.1 3.1

New Jersey............................................................. 83 105 70 2.1 2.5 1.7

New Mexico............................................................ 21 26 22 2.6 3.0 2.5

New York............................................................... 142 188 176 1.6 2.0 1.9

North Carolina.......................................................... 156 151 156 3.4 3.2 3.3

North Dakota........................................................... 13 13 14 3.0 3.0 3.3

Ohio..................................................................... 147 140 141 2.7 2.6 2.6

Oklahoma............................................................... 51 57 49 3.1 3.4 2.9

Oregon.................................................................. 59 54 53 3.2 2.8 2.7

Pennsylvania........................................................... 95 127 157 1.6 2.2 2.6

Rhode Island........................................................... 10 13 11 2.1 2.7 2.2

South Carolina......................................................... 61 83 71 2.8 3.8 3.2

South Dakota........................................................... 12 11 14 2.7 2.5 3.1

Tennessee.............................................................. 106 110 108 3.4 3.4 3.4

Texas.................................................................... 370 413 378 2.9 3.1 2.8

Utah..................................................................... 46 52 50 2.9 3.1 3.0

Vermont................................................................. 10 10 11 3.4 3.2 3.7

Virginia.................................................................. 105 124 109 2.7 3.1 2.7

Washington............................................................. 67 94 74 2.0 2.7 2.1

West Virginia........................................................... 23 22 22 3.3 3.2 3.1

Wisconsin............................................................... 82 81 76 2.8 2.8 2.6

Wyoming................................................................ 11 10 11 3.8 3.6 4.0

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Table 10. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 1,225 1,238 1,288 0.8 0.8 0.8

Alabama................................................................. 18 26 25 0.9 1.2 1.2

Alaska................................................................... 4 3 5 1.3 1.0 1.5

Arizona.................................................................. 32 19 28 1.1 0.6 0.9

Arkansas................................................................ 12 12 14 0.9 0.9 1.1

California................................................................ 115 122 167 0.7 0.7 1.0

Colorado................................................................ 18 33 24 0.7 1.2 0.8

Connecticut............................................................. 14 11 13 0.9 0.7 0.8

Delaware................................................................ 4 5 5 1.0 1.1 1.0

District of Columbia.................................................... 7 7 7 0.9 0.9 1.0

Florida................................................................... 61 53 110 0.7 0.6 1.2

Georgia.................................................................. 45 61 64 1.0 1.3 1.3

Hawaii................................................................... 3 4 4 0.6 0.6 0.7

Idaho.................................................................... 6 8 8 0.8 0.9 0.9

Illinois.................................................................... 64 41 15 1.1 0.7 0.2

Indiana.................................................................. 33 21 10 1.1 0.7 0.3

Iowa..................................................................... 10 10 12 0.6 0.6 0.8

Kansas.................................................................. 18 8 12 1.3 0.6 0.9

Kentucky................................................................ 16 23 17 0.9 1.2 0.9

Louisiana................................................................ 19 17 19 1.0 0.9 1.0

Maine.................................................................... 5 5 5 0.7 0.8 0.8

Maryland................................................................ 19 20 19 0.7 0.7 0.7

Massachusetts......................................................... 31 19 17 0.9 0.5 0.5

Michigan................................................................ 31 24 66 0.7 0.6 1.5

Minnesota............................................................... 14 22 21 0.5 0.8 0.7

Mississippi.............................................................. 12 11 10 1.1 1.0 0.9

Missouri................................................................. 19 25 22 0.7 0.9 0.8

Montana................................................................. 5 5 6 1.1 1.0 1.2

Nebraska................................................................ 7 7 9 0.7 0.7 0.9

Nevada.................................................................. 22 10 14 1.6 0.7 0.9

New Hampshire........................................................ 5 6 6 0.8 0.9 0.9

New Jersey............................................................. 23 29 33 0.6 0.7 0.8

New Mexico............................................................ 5 6 6 0.7 0.8 0.8

New York............................................................... 61 105 73 0.7 1.1 0.8

North Carolina.......................................................... 67 52 52 1.5 1.1 1.1

North Dakota........................................................... 7 3 4 1.6 0.8 1.0

Ohio..................................................................... 39 37 44 0.7 0.7 0.8

Oklahoma............................................................... 13 20 15 0.8 1.2 0.9

Oregon.................................................................. 15 13 14 0.8 0.7 0.7

Pennsylvania........................................................... 52 41 30 0.9 0.7 0.5

Rhode Island........................................................... 4 5 4 0.9 0.9 0.8

South Carolina......................................................... 20 23 18 0.9 1.1 0.8

South Dakota........................................................... 3 2 4 0.6 0.5 0.8

Tennessee.............................................................. 37 37 26 1.2 1.1 0.8

Texas.................................................................... 112 97 100 0.9 0.7 0.7

Utah..................................................................... 10 18 15 0.6 1.1 0.9

Vermont................................................................. 3 3 3 1.1 1.0 1.1

Virginia.................................................................. 44 56 36 1.1 1.4 0.9

Washington............................................................. 17 22 23 0.5 0.6 0.6

West Virginia........................................................... 6 7 6 0.8 1.0 0.9

Wisconsin............................................................... 16 21 23 0.6 0.7 0.8

Wyoming................................................................ 2 3 3 0.9 1.0 0.9

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