For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, July 6, 2022 USDL-22-1442

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – MAY 2022

The number of job openings decreased to 11.3 million on the last business day of May, the U.S. Bureau 

of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires and total separations were little changed at 6.5 million and 6.0 

million, respectively. Within separations, quits (4.3 million) and layoffs and discharges (1.4 million)

were little changed. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and 

separations for the total nonfarm sector, by industry, and by establishment size class.

Job Openings

On the last business day of May, the number and rate of job openings decreased to 11.3 million

(-427,000) and 6.9 percent, respectively. The largest decreases in job openings were in professional and 

business services (-325,000), durable goods manufacturing (-138,000), and nondurable goods 

manufacturing (-70,000). (See table 1.)

Hires

In May, the number of hires was little changed at 6.5 million. The hires rate was unchanged at 4.3

percent. Hires decreased in finance and insurance (-40,000). (See table 2.)

 3.0

 3.4

 3.8

 4.2

 4.6

 5.0

 5.4

 5.8

 6.2

 6.6

 7.0

 7.4

May-19 Nov-19 May-20 Nov-20 May-21 Nov-21 May-22

Percent

Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted, May 2019 - May 2022

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

May-19 Nov-19 May-20 Nov-20 May-21 Nov-21 May-22

Hires

Separations

Percent

Chart 2. Hires and total separations rates, seasonally adjusted, May 2019 - May 2022
- 2 -

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 

voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 

workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 

by the employer. Other separations includes separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 

to other locations of the same firm.

In May, the number of total separations was little changed at 6.0 million. The rate was unchanged at 

3.9 percent. Total separations decreased in real estate and rental and leasing (-30,000) and in state and 

local government education (-28,000). (See table 3.)

In May, the number and rate of quits were little changed at 4.3 million and 2.8 percent, respectively. 

Quits decreased in real estate and rental and leasing (-33,000) and in state and local government 

education (-19,000). Quits increased in arts, entertainment, and recreation (+19,000). (See table 4.)

In May, the number of layoffs and discharges was little changed at 1.4 million. The rate was unchanged

at 0.9 percent. Layoffs and discharges increased in wholesale trade (+24,000) and in federal government 

(+4,000). (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed in May at 324,000. Other separations decreased in 

state and local government education (-12,000) and in educational services (-3,000). Other separations 

increased in real estate and rental and leasing (+6,000). (See table 6.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 

employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 

hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 

Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 

if the hires level is steady or rising.

Over the 12 months ending in May, hires totaled 78.4 million and separations totaled 72.0 million, 

yielding a net employment gain of 6.4 million. These totals include workers who may have been hired 

and separated more than once during the year.

Establishment Size Class

In May, the job openings rate decreased in establishments with 250 to 999 employees. The quits rate 

decreased in establishments with 250 to 999 employees and in establishments with 5,000 or more

employees. For a more in-depth description of the JOLTS establishment size class estimates, please visit 

www.bls.gov/jlt/sizeclassmethodology.htm.

____________

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for June 2022 are scheduled to be 

released on Tuesday, August 2, 2022 at 10:00 a.m. (ET).
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY

(in thousands)

Total................................................... 9,639 11,681 11,254 6,092 6,527 6,489 5,513 5,965 5,983

Total private....................................... 8,698 10,627 10,212 5,736 6,127 6,076 5,234 5,593 5,624

Mining and logging............................. 27 41 36 22 24 25 16 17 22

Construction.................................... 308 440 434 307 349 361 339 341 334

Manufacturing.................................. 885 1,017 809 411 497 476 384 462 450

Durable goods............................... 497 625 487 227 273 252 196 248 232

Nondurable goods........................... 388 392 322 184 223 224 188 214 218

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 1,687 1,886 2,016 1,300 1,351 1,312 1,214 1,244 1,236

Wholesale trade............................. 287 300 345 166 191 191 151 172 181

Retail trade................................... 968 1,040 1,144 824 831 797 793 793 792

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities...................................... 432 546 526 311 328 325 270 279 264

Information...................................... 144 265 238 105 102 100 88 84 89

Financial activities.............................. 396 511 501 206 277 232 207 249 214

Finance and insurance..................... 280 360 346 133 188 148 138 152 147

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . .. 116 151 155 73 90 83 69 97 67

Professional and business services......... 1,730 2,327 2,002 1,158 1,328 1,292 1,062 1,192 1,180

Education and health services............... 1,706 2,152 2,166 764 852 897 729 777 811

Educational services........................ 165 205 188 92 110 128 72 94 94

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 1,541 1,946 1,978 672 742 768 657 683 717

Leisure and hospitality........................ 1,350 1,498 1,570 1,242 1,111 1,136 994 1,000 1,052

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 153 171 170 171 167 171 131 141 158

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 1,197 1,327 1,400 1,070 944 965 863 859 894

Other services.................................. 466 490 440 221 235 245 200 228 234

Government....................................... 941 1,054 1,042 356 400 413 279 373 359

Federal.......................................... 134 125 132 38 42 44 43 43 43

State and local................................. 807 929 910 317 358 369 236 330 315

State and local education.................. 355 366 379 202 181 192 99 168 140

State and local, excluding education. . . .. 452 563 530 116 177 176 137 162 175

RATES BY INDUSTRY

(percent)

Total................................................... 6.2 7.2 6.9 4.2 4.3 4.3 3.8 3.9 3.9

Total private....................................... 6.6 7.6 7.3 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.2 4.3 4.3

Mining and logging............................. 4.6 6.3 5.4 3.9 4.0 4.1 2.9 2.8 3.6

Construction.................................... 4.0 5.5 5.4 4.2 4.6 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.4

Manufacturing.................................. 6.7 7.4 6.0 3.3 3.9 3.7 3.1 3.6 3.5

Durable goods............................... 6.1 7.3 5.8 3.0 3.5 3.2 2.6 3.1 2.9

Nondurable goods........................... 7.7 7.5 6.2 4.0 4.6 4.6 4.0 4.4 4.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 5.8 6.2 6.6 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.3

Wholesale trade............................. 4.8 4.9 5.6 2.9 3.3 3.3 2.7 2.9 3.1

Retail trade................................... 5.9 6.2 6.8 5.4 5.3 5.1 5.2 5.0 5.0

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities...................................... 6.2 7.2 7.0 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.1 4.0 3.7

Information...................................... 4.9 8.2 7.4 3.8 3.5 3.4 3.1 2.8 3.0

Financial activities.............................. 4.3 5.4 5.3 2.3 3.1 2.6 2.4 2.8 2.4

Finance and insurance..................... 4.1 5.2 5.0 2.0 2.8 2.3 2.1 2.3 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . .. 4.9 6.0 6.1 3.2 3.8 3.5 3.1 4.1 2.8

Professional and business services......... 7.6 9.5 8.3 5.5 6.0 5.8 5.1 5.4 5.3

Education and health services............... 6.7 8.2 8.2 3.2 3.5 3.7 3.1 3.2 3.3

Educational services........................ 4.4 5.2 4.7 2.6 2.9 3.4 2.0 2.5 2.5

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 7.1 8.7 8.8 3.3 3.6 3.8 3.3 3.3 3.5

Leisure and hospitality........................ 8.9 8.8 9.1 9.0 7.1 7.3 7.2 6.4 6.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 7.4 7.0 6.9 8.9 7.3 7.5 6.8 6.2 6.9

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 9.1 9.1 9.5 9.0 7.1 7.2 7.2 6.5 6.7

Other services.................................. 7.9 7.9 7.2 4.1 4.1 4.3 3.7 4.0 4.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

Government....................................... 4.1 4.5 4.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.3 1.7 1.6

Federal.......................................... 4.4 4.2 4.4 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5

State and local................................. 4.1 4.6 4.5 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.2 1.7 1.6

State and local education.................. 3.4 3.4 3.5 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.0 1.6 1.4

State and local, excluding education. . . .. 4.8 5.9 5.6 1.3 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.8 1.9

p Preliminary
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

JOLTS program provides information on labor 

demand and turnover. Additional information about 

the JOLTS program can be found at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job 

openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other 

separations, and total separations. The JOLTS 

program covers all private nonfarm establishments, 

as well as civilian federal, state, and local 

government entities in the 50 states and the District 

of Columbia. Industries are classified in accordance 

with the North American Industry Classification 

System. 

Definitions 

Employment. Employment includes persons on 

the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay 

period that includes the 12th day of the reference 

month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, 

seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are 

included, as are employees on paid vacation or other 

paid leave. Proprietors or partners of unincorporated 

businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on 

strike for the entire pay period, and employees on 

leave without pay for the entire pay period are not 

counted as employed. Employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where 

they are working. JOLTS does not publish 

employment estimates but uses the reported 

employment for validation of the other reported data 

elements. 

Job Openings. Job openings include all 

positions that are open on the last business day of the 

reference month. A job is open only if it meets all 

three of these conditions: 

 A specific position exists and there is work

available for that position. The position can

be full-time or part-time, and it can be

permanent, short-term, or seasonal.

 The job could start within 30 days, whether

or not the employer can find a suitable

candidate during that time.

 The employer is actively recruiting workers

from outside the establishment to fill the

position. Active recruiting means that the

establishment is taking steps to fill a 

position. It may include advertising in 

newspapers, on television, or on the radio; 

posting Internet notices, posting “help 

wanted” signs, networking or making 

“word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting 

applications; interviewing candidates; 

contacting employment agencies; or 

soliciting employees at job fairs, state or 

local employment offices, or similar 

sources. 

Excluded are positions open only to internal 

transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from 

layoffs. Also excluded are openings for positions 

with start dates more than 30 days in the future, 

positions for which employees have been hired but 

the employees have not yet reported for work, and 

positions to be filled by employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 

computed by dividing the number of job openings by 

the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll 

during the entire reference month, including newly 

hired and rehired employees; full-time and part-time 

employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal 

employees; employees who were recalled to a job at 

the location following a layoff (formal suspension 

from pay status) lasting more than 7 days; on-call or 

intermittent employees who returned to work after 

having been formally separated; workers who were 

hired and separated during the month, and transfers 

from other locations. Excluded are transfers or 

promotions within the reporting location, employees 

returning from strike, employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is 

computed by dividing the number of hires by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Separations. Separations include all separations 

from the payroll during the entire reference month 

and is reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs 

and discharges, and other separations. Quits include 

employees who left voluntarily with the exception of 

retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs 

and discharges includes involuntary separations 

initiated by the employer including layoffs with no 

intent to rehire; layoffs (formal suspensions from pay 

status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; 
discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or 

closings; firings or other discharges for cause; 

terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 

and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or 

not they are expected to return the next season). 

Other separations include retirements, transfers to 

other locations, separations due to employee 

disability; and deaths. Excluded from separations are 

transfers within the same location; employees on 

strike; employees of temporary help agencies, 

employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or 

consultants. The separations rate is computed by 

dividing the number of separations by employment 

and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, 

layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are 

computed similarly. 

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random 

sample of 20,700 nonfarm business and government 

establishments. The sample is stratified by 

ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment 

size class. The establishments are drawn from a 

universe of over 9.4 million establishments compiled 

by the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages 

(QCEW) program which includes all employers 

subject to state unemployment insurance laws and 

federal agencies subject to the Unemployment 

Compensation for Federal Employees program. 

Employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio 

adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment 

estimates of the Current Employment Statistics 

(CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment 

is used to adjust the levels for all other JOLTS data 

elements. 

Birth/death model. The time lag from the start 

up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance 

on the sampling frame is approximately one year. 

Also within the first year, new businesses may go out 

of business, referred to as a death. Because not all 

births and deaths of establishments can be reflected 

on the sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS 

sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and 

separations from them during their early existence. 

BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses 

establishment birth and death activity from previous 

years. The estimates of job openings, hires, and 

separations produced by the birth/death model are 

added to the sample-based estimates produced from 

the survey to arrive at the estimates for job openings, 

hires, and separations. 

Alignment. The JOLTS figure for hires minus 

separations can be used to derive a measure of net 

employment change. This change should be 

comparable to the net employment change from the 

much larger CES survey. However, definitional 

differences as well as sampling and nonsampling 

errors between the two surveys historically caused 

JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the 

divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

monthly alignment method. There are four steps to 

this method: seasonally adjust, align, back out the 

seasonal adjustment factors, and seasonally adjust 

again. 

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses X-13 ARIMA 

for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal 

adjustment methodology is used in which new 

seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each 

month, using all relevant data up to and including 

current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors 

at the beginning and end of the series and to detect 

and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally 

adjusted CES employment trends are applied to the 

seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment 

trends (hires minus separations) forcing them to be 

approximately the same, while preserving the 

seasonality of the JOLTS data. 

Annual estimates. The JOLTS estimates are 

revised annually to reflect annual updates to the CES 

employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal 

adjustment factors. The JOLTS employment levels 

are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and 

the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data 

elements. The seasonally adjusted data are 

recalculated for the most recent 5 years in order to 

reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors. These 

annual updates result in revisions to both the 

seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted 

JOLTS data series, for the period since the last 

benchmark was established. 

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and 

discharges, other separations, and total separations 

are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. 

Annual rates are computed by dividing the annual 

level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) 
annual average employment level, and multiplying 

that quotient by 100. This figure will be 

approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly 

rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates 

are published only for not seasonally adjusted data 

and are released with the January news release each 

year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job 

openings because job openings are a stock, or pointin-time, measurement for the last business day of 

each month. 

Reliability of the estimates 

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling 

and nonsampling error. Nonsampling error occurs 

when a sample is surveyed rather than the entire 

population. There is a chance that the sample 

estimates may differ from the true population values 

they represent. The difference, or sampling error, 

varies depending on the particular sample selected. 

This variability is measured by the standard error of 

the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at 

the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that 

there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no 

more than 1.6 standard errors from the true 

population value because of sampling error. 

Sampling error estimates are available at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by 

nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for 

many reasons including: the failure to include a 

segment of the population; the inability to obtain data 

from all units in the sample; the inability or 

unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 

timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors 

made in the collection or processing of the data; and 

errors from the employment benchmark data used in 

estimation. 

Other information 

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech

disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access

telecommunications relay services.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

May

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

Total............................................... 9,639 11,283 11,344 11,855 11,681 11,254 6.2 7.0 7.0 7.3 7.2 6.9

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 8,698 10,235 10,256 10,812 10,627 10,212 6.6 7.4 7.4 7.7 7.6 7.3

Mining and logging......................... 27 37 36 45 41 36 4.6 5.8 5.7 6.9 6.3 5.4

Construction................................ 308 383 383 426 440 434 4.0 4.8 4.8 5.3 5.5 5.4

Manufacturing.............................. 885 859 785 877 1,017 809 6.7 6.4 5.9 6.5 7.4 6.0

Durable goods........................... 497 500 467 536 625 487 6.1 6.0 5.6 6.4 7.3 5.8

Nondurable goods....................... 388 360 318 340 392 322 7.7 7.0 6.2 6.6 7.5 6.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,687 1,832 1,993 2,036 1,886 2,016 5.8 6.1 6.5 6.6 6.2 6.6

Wholesale trade......................... 287 294 317 295 300 345 4.8 4.8 5.2 4.8 4.9 5.6

Retail trade............................... 968 1,029 1,139 1,263 1,040 1,144 5.9 6.2 6.7 7.4 6.2 6.8

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 432 510 537 478 546 526 6.2 6.9 7.2 6.4 7.2 7.0

Information.................................. 144 217 180 226 265 238 4.9 6.9 5.8 7.1 8.2 7.4

Financial activities......................... 396 502 453 508 511 501 4.3 5.4 4.8 5.4 5.4 5.3

Finance and insurance................. 280 376 319 375 360 346 4.1 5.4 4.6 5.4 5.2 5.0

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 116 126 134 133 151 155 4.9 5.2 5.4 5.4 6.0 6.1

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,730 2,078 2,038 2,330 2,327 2,002 7.6 8.7 8.5 9.5 9.5 8.3

Education and health services........... 1,706 2,146 2,256 2,278 2,152 2,166 6.7 8.2 8.6 8.6 8.2 8.2

Educational services.................... 165 178 204 211 205 188 4.4 4.6 5.2 5.3 5.2 4.7

Health care and social assistance. . .. 1,541 1,968 2,052 2,067 1,946 1,978 7.1 8.9 9.2 9.2 8.7 8.8

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,350 1,698 1,720 1,660 1,498 1,570 8.9 10.0 10.0 9.7 8.8 9.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 153 175 203 207 171 170 7.4 7.3 8.3 8.4 7.0 6.9

Accommodation and food services. .. 1,197 1,523 1,517 1,453 1,327 1,400 9.1 10.4 10.3 9.9 9.1 9.5

Other services.............................. 466 483 412 426 490 440 7.9 7.9 6.8 7.0 7.9 7.2

Government................................... 941 1,048 1,088 1,044 1,054 1,042 4.1 4.5 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.5

Federal...................................... 134 125 162 128 125 132 4.4 4.2 5.3 4.3 4.2 4.4

State and local............................. 807 924 926 915 929 910 4.1 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.6 4.5

State and local education.............. 355 373 380 327 366 379 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.1 3.4 3.5

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 452 551 545 588 563 530 4.8 5.8 5.7 6.1 5.9 5.6

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 1,715 1,952 1,911 1,980 1,911 1,930 6.2 6.8 6.7 6.9 6.6 6.7

South........................................... 3,712 4,237 4,262 4,650 4,503 4,293 6.4 7.1 7.1 7.6 7.4 7.1

Midwest........................................ 2,104 2,587 2,487 2,533 2,684 2,462 6.3 7.4 7.1 7.2 7.6 7.0

West............................................ 2,108 2,507 2,684 2,693 2,582 2,570 5.9 6.7 7.1 7.1 6.8 6.8

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

May

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

Total............................................... 6,092 6,426 6,832 6,645 6,527 6,489 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.3

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 5,736 6,019 6,414 6,241 6,127 6,076 4.7 4.7 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.7

Mining and logging......................... 22 20 24 24 24 25 3.9 3.4 4.1 4.0 4.0 4.1

Construction................................ 307 323 408 399 349 361 4.2 4.3 5.4 5.2 4.6 4.7

Manufacturing.............................. 411 467 500 514 497 476 3.3 3.7 4.0 4.1 3.9 3.7

Durable goods........................... 227 250 272 279 273 252 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.2

Nondurable goods....................... 184 217 228 235 223 224 4.0 4.6 4.8 4.9 4.6 4.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,300 1,371 1,513 1,385 1,351 1,312 4.7 4.8 5.3 4.8 4.7 4.6

Wholesale trade......................... 166 170 172 173 191 191 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.3

Retail trade............................... 824 898 1,017 906 831 797 5.4 5.7 6.4 5.7 5.3 5.1

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 311 303 324 306 328 325 4.7 4.4 4.7 4.4 4.7 4.6

Information.................................. 105 116 89 106 102 100 3.8 4.0 3.0 3.6 3.5 3.4

Financial activities......................... 206 236 236 223 277 232 2.3 2.7 2.7 2.5 3.1 2.6

Finance and insurance................. 133 161 159 150 188 148 2.0 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.8 2.3

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 73 75 77 73 90 83 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.8 3.5

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,158 1,242 1,307 1,320 1,328 1,292 5.5 5.7 5.9 6.0 6.0 5.8

Education and health services........... 764 832 890 811 852 897 3.2 3.5 3.7 3.4 3.5 3.7

Educational services.................... 92 103 116 108 110 128 2.6 2.8 3.1 2.9 2.9 3.4

Health care and social assistance. . .. 672 730 774 703 742 768 3.3 3.6 3.8 3.5 3.6 3.8

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,242 1,202 1,182 1,198 1,111 1,136 9.0 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.1 7.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 171 165 163 177 167 171 8.9 7.5 7.3 7.9 7.3 7.5

Accommodation and food services. .. 1,070 1,037 1,019 1,021 944 965 9.0 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.1 7.2

Other services.............................. 221 210 266 261 235 245 4.1 3.7 4.7 4.6 4.1 4.3

Government................................... 356 407 418 404 400 413 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9

Federal...................................... 38 41 42 40 42 44 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5

State and local............................. 317 366 376 364 358 369 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9

State and local education.............. 202 200 192 196 181 192 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.9

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 116 166 185 168 177 176 1.3 1.8 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.0

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 847 1,007 1,056 962 963 975 3.3 3.8 3.9 3.6 3.6 3.6

South........................................... 2,536 2,611 2,886 2,836 2,741 2,688 4.7 4.7 5.2 5.0 4.9 4.8

Midwest........................................ 1,306 1,318 1,305 1,352 1,293 1,356 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.1 3.9 4.1

West............................................ 1,402 1,490 1,585 1,494 1,530 1,470 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.2

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

May

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

Total............................................... 5,513 6,044 6,082 6,248 5,965 5,983 3.8 4.0 4.0 4.1 3.9 3.9

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 5,234 5,673 5,676 5,843 5,593 5,624 4.2 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.3

Mining and logging......................... 16 18 17 21 17 22 2.9 3.1 2.9 3.4 2.8 3.6

Construction................................ 339 325 344 380 341 334 4.6 4.3 4.5 5.0 4.5 4.4

Manufacturing.............................. 384 457 473 488 462 450 3.1 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.5

Durable goods........................... 196 246 261 255 248 232 2.6 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.1 2.9

Nondurable goods....................... 188 211 212 233 214 218 4.0 4.5 4.4 4.9 4.4 4.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,214 1,308 1,311 1,302 1,244 1,236 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.3

Wholesale trade......................... 151 161 156 151 172 181 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.9 3.1

Retail trade............................... 793 865 895 871 793 792 5.2 5.5 5.7 5.5 5.0 5.0

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 270 282 260 281 279 264 4.1 4.1 3.7 4.0 4.0 3.7

Information.................................. 88 122 83 79 84 89 3.1 4.2 2.9 2.7 2.8 3.0

Financial activities......................... 207 233 201 218 249 214 2.4 2.6 2.3 2.4 2.8 2.4

Finance and insurance................. 138 163 144 156 152 147 2.1 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 69 70 57 62 97 67 3.1 3.0 2.4 2.7 4.1 2.8

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,062 1,133 1,178 1,267 1,192 1,180 5.1 5.2 5.4 5.7 5.4 5.3

Education and health services........... 729 805 785 761 777 811 3.1 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.3

Educational services.................... 72 89 102 96 94 94 2.0 2.4 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.5

Health care and social assistance. . .. 657 716 683 665 683 717 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.5

Leisure and hospitality.................... 994 1,052 1,054 1,077 1,000 1,052 7.2 6.9 6.8 7.0 6.4 6.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 131 143 134 140 141 158 6.8 6.5 6.0 6.2 6.2 6.9

Accommodation and food services. .. 863 909 920 937 859 894 7.2 7.0 7.0 7.1 6.5 6.7

Other services.............................. 200 219 229 249 228 234 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.4 4.0 4.1

Government................................... 279 371 407 405 373 359 1.3 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6

Federal...................................... 43 44 42 41 43 43 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5

State and local............................. 236 327 365 364 330 315 1.2 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.6

State and local education.............. 99 160 192 201 168 140 1.0 1.6 1.9 2.0 1.6 1.4

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 137 167 173 163 162 175 1.5 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 786 881 905 875 900 857 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.2

South........................................... 2,295 2,413 2,454 2,698 2,482 2,485 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.8 4.4 4.4

Midwest........................................ 1,212 1,254 1,269 1,217 1,274 1,213 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.9 3.7

West............................................ 1,220 1,497 1,455 1,457 1,309 1,427 3.6 4.3 4.2 4.1 3.7 4.0

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

May

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

Total............................................... 3,838 4,258 4,384 4,449 4,327 4,270 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 3,683 4,032 4,130 4,192 4,088 4,051 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.1

Mining and logging......................... 9 14 14 15 13 16 1.5 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.6

Construction................................ 175 172 173 248 213 220 2.4 2.3 2.3 3.3 2.8 2.9

Manufacturing.............................. 258 315 345 362 333 326 2.1 2.5 2.7 2.9 2.6 2.6

Durable goods........................... 126 165 189 188 176 167 1.7 2.1 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.1

Nondurable goods....................... 132 150 157 174 157 159 2.8 3.2 3.3 3.6 3.3 3.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 907 991 1,030 980 956 923 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.2

Wholesale trade......................... 100 112 123 102 123 110 1.8 2.0 2.1 1.8 2.1 1.9

Retail trade............................... 625 697 732 690 645 630 4.1 4.5 4.6 4.4 4.1 4.0

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 182 181 175 189 188 183 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.6

Information.................................. 53 45 51 50 51 54 1.9 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8

Financial activities......................... 128 164 143 155 193 138 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.7 2.2 1.5

Finance and insurance................. 83 113 100 112 112 91 1.3 1.7 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.4

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 45 51 43 44 80 47 2.0 2.2 1.8 1.9 3.4 2.0

Professional and business services. . . .. 688 711 721 763 783 754 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.4

Education and health services........... 548 617 618 586 604 621 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.6

Educational services.................... 52 58 57 61 73 66 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.9 1.7

Health care and social assistance. . .. 496 559 561 525 530 555 2.5 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.7

Leisure and hospitality.................... 779 853 866 874 803 857 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.2 5.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 71 71 70 77 73 92 3.7 3.2 3.1 3.4 3.2 4.0

Accommodation and food services. .. 709 782 796 797 730 765 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.0 5.5 5.7

Other services.............................. 139 152 170 159 139 141 2.6 2.7 3.0 2.8 2.5 2.5

Government................................... 155 225 254 256 239 219 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.0

Federal...................................... 22 24 23 23 23 22 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

State and local............................. 133 202 231 233 216 198 0.7 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0

State and local education.............. 53 100 123 135 109 90 0.5 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.1 0.9

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 80 101 108 99 107 107 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 473 580 602 586 592 575 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.1

South........................................... 1,651 1,748 1,784 1,896 1,806 1,817 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.2 3.2

Midwest........................................ 845 898 942 884 936 875 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.9 2.7

West............................................ 869 1,032 1,056 1,082 993 1,003 2.6 3.0 3.0 3.1 2.8 2.8

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

May

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

Total............................................... 1,343 1,403 1,354 1,416 1,312 1,389 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 1,270 1,327 1,273 1,333 1,243 1,309 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Mining and logging......................... 6 3 3 4 3 6 1.1 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.9

Construction................................ 150 144 157 110 116 105 2.0 1.9 2.1 1.4 1.5 1.4

Manufacturing.............................. 101 115 104 102 107 102 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

Durable goods........................... 55 62 57 51 58 52 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7

Nondurable goods....................... 46 53 47 51 49 50 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 257 253 229 243 233 267 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9

Wholesale trade......................... 41 35 27 31 38 62 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.7 1.1

Retail trade............................... 142 145 128 142 124 138 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 74 73 74 70 71 67 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9

Information.................................. 29 74 19 24 27 28 1.1 2.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.0

Financial activities......................... 45 33 42 39 31 41 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.5

Finance and insurance................. 26 20 28 21 17 29 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 19 13 14 18 14 12 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.5

Professional and business services. . . .. 306 326 365 428 338 344 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.9 1.5 1.5

Education and health services........... 138 148 135 126 131 151 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6

Educational services.................... 16 22 37 22 14 25 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.7

Health care and social assistance. . .. 121 126 98 104 117 126 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

Leisure and hospitality.................... 188 177 164 176 178 178 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 54 70 61 60 64 64 2.8 3.2 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8

Accommodation and food services. .. 134 107 102 115 114 115 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9

Other services.............................. 50 54 55 82 79 88 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.5

Government................................... 72 75 81 83 69 80 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4

Federal...................................... 8 7 7 6 6 10 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

State and local............................. 64 69 74 77 62 70 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4

State and local education.............. 34 34 41 41 31 34 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 30 35 33 36 32 36 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 260 230 235 221 259 236 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.9

South........................................... 509 521 529 638 536 547 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.0

Midwest........................................ 299 281 269 256 267 277 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

West............................................ 275 371 321 301 249 330 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.9

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

May

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

Total............................................... 333 383 344 384 327 324 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 281 313 272 318 262 264 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging......................... 2 1 1 2 1 1 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1

Construction................................ 14 9 14 22 12 10 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1

Manufacturing.............................. 25 27 23 24 22 22 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods........................... 15 19 15 16 14 14 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods....................... 10 8 8 8 8 9 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 51 65 52 79 56 47 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Wholesale trade......................... 10 14 6 18 11 9 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1

Retail trade............................... 26 22 35 39 24 24 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 15 28 11 22 21 14 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

Information.................................. 6 4 14 6 5 7 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2

Financial activities......................... 34 36 16 24 25 36 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4

Finance and insurance................. 28 30 16 23 22 27 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 5 6 0 0 2 8 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4

Professional and business services. . . .. 69 97 91 76 71 82 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4

Education and health services........... 44 40 32 49 42 39 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

Educational services.................... 4 8 8 13 6 3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1

Health care and social assistance. . .. 40 31 24 36 36 35 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality.................... 27 23 24 27 18 17 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 7 2 2 2 4 3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1

Accommodation and food services. .. 20 20 22 25 15 15 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Other services.............................. 11 13 4 9 10 5 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1

Government................................... 52 70 72 66 65 60 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal...................................... 13 14 12 12 13 12 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4

State and local............................. 39 57 60 54 52 48 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2

State and local education.............. 13 26 28 26 28 16 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 27 31 32 28 24 31 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 54 71 68 69 48 46 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

South........................................... 136 145 141 165 140 121 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

Midwest........................................ 67 75 58 76 71 62 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

West............................................ 76 94 77 74 66 95 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment..

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

Total..................................................................... 9,641 12,324 11,245 6.2 7.5 6.9

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 8,675 11,267 10,173 6.6 8.1 7.3

Mining and logging............................................... 25 42 33 4.3 6.4 5.2

Construction....................................................... 336 481 466 4.3 6.0 5.7

Manufacturing..................................................... 885 1,004 797 6.7 7.3 5.9

Durable goods.................................................. 491 616 477 6.1 7.2 5.7

Nondurable goods............................................. 394 388 320 7.8 7.5 6.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,649 1,868 1,986 5.7 6.2 6.5

Wholesale trade................................................ 294 334 369 4.9 5.4 5.9

Retail trade..................................................... 931 979 1,101 5.8 5.9 6.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 424 554 516 6.2 7.5 6.9

Information........................................................ 135 279 229 4.6 8.6 7.2

Financial activities................................................ 357 559 466 3.9 5.9 5.0

Finance and insurance........................................ 249 391 309 3.7 5.6 4.5

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 108 168 157 4.6 6.7 6.3

Professional and business services............................ 1,719 2,431 2,030 7.6 9.9 8.4

Education and health services.................................. 1,633 2,359 2,062 6.5 8.8 7.8

Educational services.......................................... 161 212 180 4.3 5.2 4.5

Health care and social assistance........................... 1,472 2,146 1,882 6.8 9.5 8.4

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 1,465 1,744 1,660 9.5 10.2 9.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 198 199 191 9.1 8.3 7.6

Accommodation and food services.......................... 1,268 1,545 1,469 9.5 10.5 9.9

Other services.................................................... 470 500 442 8.0 8.1 7.2

Government.......................................................... 966 1,057 1,072 4.2 4.5 4.6

Federal............................................................. 135 132 133 4.5 4.4 4.4

State and local.................................................... 831 925 939 4.1 4.5 4.6

State and local education..................................... 376 356 411 3.5 3.2 3.7

State and local, excluding education........................ 455 569 528 4.8 6.0 5.5

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 1,703 1,912 1,913 6.2 6.7 6.6

South................................................................. 3,714 4,838 4,311 6.4 7.9 7.1

Midwest............................................................... 2,134 2,842 2,480 6.3 8.0 7.0

West.................................................................. 2,090 2,732 2,542 5.8 7.2 6.7

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

Total..................................................................... 6,647 6,766 7,048 4.6 4.5 4.6

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 6,298 6,454 6,604 5.1 5.0 5.1

Mining and logging............................................... 23 28 28 4.2 4.6 4.6

Construction....................................................... 384 448 437 5.2 5.9 5.7

Manufacturing..................................................... 447 504 507 3.7 4.0 4.0

Durable goods.................................................. 250 278 270 3.3 3.5 3.4

Nondurable goods............................................. 197 226 237 4.3 4.7 4.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,323 1,253 1,299 4.8 4.4 4.6

Wholesale trade................................................ 168 205 197 3.0 3.5 3.4

Retail trade..................................................... 875 770 801 5.7 4.9 5.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 280 278 301 4.3 4.0 4.3

Information........................................................ 117 98 109 4.2 3.3 3.7

Financial activities................................................ 225 300 254 2.6 3.4 2.8

Finance and insurance........................................ 138 189 150 2.1 2.9 2.3

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 87 111 103 3.9 4.8 4.4

Professional and business services............................ 1,223 1,411 1,354 5.8 6.4 6.1

Education and health services.................................. 734 841 881 3.1 3.5 3.6

Educational services.......................................... 72 84 116 2.0 2.1 3.0

Health care and social assistance........................... 662 757 764 3.3 3.7 3.7

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 1,534 1,309 1,420 11.0 8.5 9.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 289 235 296 14.6 10.6 12.7

Accommodation and food services.......................... 1,245 1,074 1,124 10.4 8.2 8.4

Other services.................................................... 289 263 316 5.3 4.6 5.6

Government.......................................................... 349 312 444 1.6 1.4 2.0

Federal............................................................. 43 39 50 1.5 1.4 1.8

State and local.................................................... 306 273 394 1.6 1.4 2.0

State and local education..................................... 134 93 127 1.3 0.9 1.2

State and local, excluding education........................ 171 180 267 1.9 2.0 3.0

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 957 1,032 1,085 3.7 3.8 4.0

South................................................................. 2,727 2,804 2,852 5.0 5.0 5.0

Midwest............................................................... 1,494 1,329 1,594 4.7 4.1 4.9

West.................................................................. 1,469 1,601 1,517 4.3 4.5 4.3

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

Total..................................................................... 5,391 5,975 5,856 3.7 4.0 3.9

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 5,091 5,699 5,473 4.1 4.4 4.2

Mining and logging............................................... 15 17 21 2.7 2.8 3.5

Construction....................................................... 299 324 301 4.0 4.3 3.9

Manufacturing..................................................... 382 480 438 3.1 3.8 3.4

Durable goods.................................................. 198 267 227 2.6 3.4 2.9

Nondurable goods............................................. 184 213 211 4.0 4.4 4.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,146 1,230 1,145 4.2 4.3 4.0

Wholesale trade................................................ 138 184 166 2.4 3.2 2.8

Retail trade..................................................... 784 765 761 5.2 4.9 4.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 224 281 217 3.5 4.1 3.1

Information........................................................ 88 88 90 3.1 3.0 3.1

Financial activities................................................ 197 273 214 2.3 3.1 2.4

Finance and insurance........................................ 131 176 143 2.0 2.7 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 67 97 71 3.0 4.2 3.0

Professional and business services............................ 1,056 1,287 1,159 5.0 5.8 5.2

Education and health services.................................. 736 779 844 3.1 3.2 3.5

Educational services.......................................... 89 77 124 2.5 2.0 3.2

Health care and social assistance........................... 648 702 720 3.2 3.4 3.5

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 963 1,001 1,014 6.9 6.5 6.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 91 114 118 4.6 5.2 5.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 872 887 896 7.3 6.8 6.7

Other services.................................................... 208 221 247 3.9 3.9 4.3

Government.......................................................... 300 276 383 1.4 1.2 1.7

Federal............................................................. 38 38 36 1.3 1.3 1.2

State and local.................................................... 262 238 347 1.4 1.2 1.8

State and local education..................................... 142 92 188 1.4 0.9 1.8

State and local, excluding education........................ 120 145 159 1.3 1.6 1.8

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 702 880 779 2.7 3.3 2.9

South................................................................. 2,290 2,525 2,476 4.2 4.5 4.4

Midwest............................................................... 1,202 1,219 1,197 3.8 3.7 3.6

West.................................................................. 1,197 1,351 1,404 3.5 3.8 4.0

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

Total..................................................................... 3,857 4,434 4,264 2.7 2.9 2.8

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 3,683 4,244 4,021 3.0 3.3 3.1

Mining and logging............................................... 8 14 16 1.4 2.2 2.6

Construction....................................................... 151 212 205 2.0 2.8 2.7

Manufacturing..................................................... 263 347 323 2.1 2.7 2.5

Durable goods.................................................. 133 194 170 1.7 2.5 2.1

Nondurable goods............................................. 130 153 154 2.8 3.2 3.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 902 979 892 3.3 3.5 3.1

Wholesale trade................................................ 91 134 99 1.6 2.3 1.7

Retail trade..................................................... 647 629 628 4.3 4.0 4.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 164 216 165 2.5 3.1 2.4

Information........................................................ 54 54 58 1.9 1.8 1.9

Financial activities................................................ 130 222 141 1.5 2.5 1.6

Finance and insurance........................................ 87 141 93 1.3 2.1 1.4

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 44 81 48 2.0 3.5 2.0

Professional and business services............................ 686 879 748 3.3 4.0 3.4

Education and health services.................................. 536 599 615 2.3 2.5 2.5

Educational services.......................................... 56 61 76 1.6 1.6 2.0

Health care and social assistance........................... 480 538 539 2.4 2.6 2.6

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 804 805 871 5.7 5.2 5.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 56 54 78 2.8 2.5 3.3

Accommodation and food services.......................... 748 750 793 6.2 5.7 5.9

Other services.................................................... 150 135 152 2.8 2.4 2.7

Government.......................................................... 174 190 244 0.8 0.8 1.1

Federal............................................................. 21 22 18 0.7 0.8 0.6

State and local.................................................... 153 168 225 0.8 0.9 1.1

State and local education..................................... 73 60 113 0.7 0.6 1.1

State and local, excluding education........................ 80 107 112 0.9 1.2 1.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 456 609 554 1.8 2.3 2.1

South................................................................. 1,651 1,876 1,816 3.0 3.3 3.2

Midwest............................................................... 875 935 894 2.8 2.9 2.7

West.................................................................. 875 1,015 1,000 2.6 2.9 2.8

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

Total..................................................................... 1,225 1,238 1,288 0.8 0.8 0.8

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 1,150 1,198 1,208 0.9 0.9 0.9

Mining and logging............................................... 5 3 5 0.9 0.5 0.8

Construction....................................................... 135 99 88 1.8 1.3 1.1

Manufacturing..................................................... 93 110 92 0.8 0.9 0.7

Durable goods.................................................. 50 58 44 0.7 0.7 0.6

Nondurable goods............................................. 43 52 48 0.9 1.1 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 194 193 209 0.7 0.7 0.7

Wholesale trade................................................ 40 40 61 0.7 0.7 1.0

Retail trade..................................................... 109 110 110 0.7 0.7 0.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 46 43 39 0.7 0.6 0.6

Information........................................................ 28 27 27 1.0 0.9 0.9

Financial activities................................................ 36 28 30 0.4 0.3 0.3

Finance and insurance........................................ 19 16 21 0.3 0.2 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 18 12 9 0.8 0.5 0.4

Professional and business services............................ 318 346 350 1.5 1.6 1.6

Education and health services.................................. 156 138 189 0.7 0.6 0.8

Educational services.......................................... 28 11 44 0.8 0.3 1.1

Health care and social assistance........................... 128 127 145 0.6 0.6 0.7

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 136 179 128 1.0 1.2 0.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 29 56 38 1.5 2.5 1.6

Accommodation and food services.......................... 107 123 91 0.9 0.9 0.7

Other services.................................................... 49 75 90 0.9 1.3 1.6

Government.......................................................... 75 40 80 0.3 0.2 0.4

Federal............................................................. 5 5 7 0.2 0.2 0.3

State and local.................................................... 69 35 73 0.4 0.2 0.4

State and local education..................................... 52 18 53 0.5 0.2 0.5

State and local, excluding education........................ 17 17 19 0.2 0.2 0.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 197 223 184 0.8 0.8 0.7

South................................................................. 512 527 545 0.9 0.9 1.0

Midwest............................................................... 261 220 243 0.8 0.7 0.7

West.................................................................. 255 267 316 0.8 0.8 0.9

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

May

2021

Apr.

2022

May

2022p

Total..................................................................... 309 304 304 0.2 0.2 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 258 258 244 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging............................................... 2 1 1 0.4 0.1 0.1

Construction....................................................... 13 13 8 0.2 0.2 0.1

Manufacturing..................................................... 26 23 23 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods.................................................. 15 14 13 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 10 9 9 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 50 59 43 0.2 0.2 0.2

Wholesale trade................................................ 7 11 7 0.1 0.2 0.1

Retail trade..................................................... 28 26 23 0.2 0.2 0.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 14 22 13 0.2 0.3 0.2

Information........................................................ 6 6 6 0.2 0.2 0.2

Financial activities................................................ 31 23 43 0.4 0.3 0.5

Finance and insurance........................................ 25 19 28 0.4 0.3 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 5 4 14 0.2 0.2 0.6

Professional and business services............................ 52 62 61 0.2 0.3 0.3

Education and health services.................................. 45 43 40 0.2 0.2 0.2

Educational services.......................................... 5 5 4 0.1 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance........................... 40 38 36 0.2 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 24 17 15 0.2 0.1 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 6 3 3 0.3 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 17 14 12 0.1 0.1 0.1

Other services.................................................... 10 11 5 0.2 0.2 0.1

Government.......................................................... 51 46 60 0.2 0.2 0.3

Federal............................................................. 12 11 10 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local.................................................... 40 35 50 0.2 0.2 0.3

State and local education..................................... 17 14 22 0.2 0.1 0.2

State and local, excluding education........................ 23 21 27 0.3 0.2 0.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 48 48 40 0.2 0.2 0.2

South................................................................. 127 122 115 0.2 0.2 0.2

Midwest............................................................... 67 64 60 0.2 0.2 0.2

West.................................................................. 67 70 88 0.2 0.2 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.