For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Friday, August 26, 2022 USDL-22-1715

Technical information: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

WORKER DISPLACEMENT: 2019-2021

From January 2019 through December 2021, there were 3.6 million workers displaced from jobs they 

had held for at least 3 years, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. This was up by 924,000 

workers from the prior survey period covering January 2017 to December 2019. In January 2022, 65 

percent of workers displaced from 2019 to 2021 were reemployed, down from 70 percent in January 

2020. 

The U.S. Department of Labor's Chief Evaluation Office sponsored the January 2022 survey to collect 

information on workers who were displaced from their jobs. Since 1984, these surveys have been 

conducted biennially in January as supplements to the Current Population Survey (CPS), a monthly 

survey of households that is the primary source of information on the nation's labor force. For further 

information, see the Technical Note in this news release.

Displaced workers are defined as persons 20 years of age and over who report that they lost or left jobs 

because their plant or company closed or moved, there was insufficient work for them to do, or their 

position or shift was abolished. The period covered in this study was January 2019 to December 2021, 

the 3 calendar years prior to the January 2022 survey date. This period included the coronavirus 

(COVID-19) pandemic that began in early 2020. Those who were temporarily absent from a job due to a 

pandemic-related business closure or reduced business hours are not considered displaced workers.

The following analysis focuses primarily on the 3.6 million people who had worked for their employer 

for 3 or more years at the time of displacement (referred to as long-tenured workers). An additional 5.0 

million persons were displaced from jobs they had held for less than 3 years (referred to as short-tenured 

workers). Combining the short- and long-tenured groups, the number of displaced workers totaled 8.6 

million from 2019 to 2021. This is up from 6.3 million for the 2017-19 survey period. 

Highlights from the January 2022 survey:

• In January 2022, 65 percent of the 3.6 million long-tenured displaced workers were reemployed, 

down from 70 percent in January 2020. (See table 1.)

• Among long-tenured displaced workers age 65 and over, the reemployment rate declined by 15 

percentage points from the prior survey and the proportion that were no longer in the labor force 

increased by 12 percentage points to 61 percent. (See table 1.)
-2-

• Thirty-eight percent of long-tenured displaced workers from the 2019-21 period lost their job 

because their plant or company closed down or moved, an additional 31 percent lost their job 

because their position or shift was abolished, and 31 percent were displaced due to insufficient work. 

(See table 2.)

• Sixteen percent of long-tenured displaced workers lost a job in leisure and hospitality, 14 percent 

lost a job in professional and business services, and another 13 percent lost a job in manufacturing. 

(See table 4.) 

• Among long-tenured workers who were displaced from full-time wage and salary jobs and were 

reemployed in such jobs in January 2022, 63 percent had earnings that were as much or greater than 

those of their lost job, little different from the prior survey. (See table 7.)

Characteristics of the Displaced

Sixty-five percent of the 3.6 million long-tenured displaced workers were reemployed at the time of the 

survey in January 2022, down from 70 percent for the January 2020 survey. The proportion unemployed 

at the time of the most recent survey was 12 percent, the same as in January 2020. Twenty-two percent 

of long-tenured displaced workers were not in the labor force in January 2022, up from 18 percent in the 

previous survey. (See table 1.)

In January 2022, the reemployment rate was 72 percent for workers ages 25 to 54, little changed from 

the prior survey. Reemployment rates continued to be lower for older workers; the rates for those ages 

55 to 64 and 65 years and over were 64 percent and 29 percent, respectively. Among those age 65 and 

over, the reemployment rate declined by 15 percentage points from the prior survey and the proportion 

that were no longer in the labor force increased by 12 percentage points to 61 percent. 

Among long-tenured displaced workers, men had a slightly higher reemployment rate than women in 

January 2022 (68 percent and 62 percent, respectively). The reemployment rate for men changed little 

from the prior survey, while the rate for women declined. The proportions of long-tenured displaced 

men and women who were unemployed were little different in January 2022 (14 percent and 11 percent, 

respectively). The share of male displaced workers who had left the labor force was little changed at 18 

percent, while the share of women increased by 7 percentage points to 27 percent from the prior survey. 

The proportion of women leaving the labor force ages 25 to 54 rose by 11 percentage points to 22 

percent in January 2022. 

In January 2022, the reemployment rate for long-tenured displaced White workers declined by 7 

percentage points to 64 percent. The rates for Blacks (71 percent), Asians (66 percent), and Hispanics 

(65 percent) changed little from the prior survey. In January 2022, the proportion of unemployed longtenured displaced Blacks declined by 14 percentage points to 8 percent from the prior survey, while the 

proportion of Hispanics increased by 8 percentage points to 17 percent over the same period. 

Reason for Job Loss and Receipt of Advance Notice 

Of the 3.6 million long-tenured workers displaced during January 2019 through December 2021, 38 

percent lost or left their jobs due to plant or company closings or moves, an additional 31 percent lost 

their job because their position or shift was abolished, and 31 percent were displaced due to insufficient 

work.
-3-

Thirty-nine percent of long-tenured displaced workers in 2019 to 2021 received written advance notice 

that their jobs would be terminated, down from 47 percent in 2017 to 2019. Among workers who lost 

jobs during the 2019-21 period due to plant or company closings or moves, 49 percent received written 

advance notice, down from 60 percent for the prior survey period. By comparison, 43 percent of workers 

who were displaced because their position or shift was abolished and 25 percent of those who lost jobs 

due to insufficient work were notified in advance, both little changed from 2017 to 2019. For each of 

these groups, reemployment rates were not statistically different for those who received written 

advanced notice and those who did not. (See table 3.) 

Industry and Occupation

During the 2019 to 2021 period, 574,000 long-tenured leisure and hospitality workers were displaced 

from their jobs—16 percent of all long-tenured displaced workers. This proportion increased from 5 

percent in 2017 to 2019, reflecting the impact of the pandemic on the industry. For the 2019 to 2021 

period, workers in professional and business services accounted for 14 percent of all long-tenured 

displacements, manufacturing accounted for another 13 percent, and education and health services 

accounted for 12 percent of all displacements. (See table 4.)

In January 2022, the reemployment rates for the other services industry (50 percent), retail trade (61 

percent), and leisure and hospitality (64 percent) declined significantly from January 2020. These 

reemployment rates reflect the slower recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic in these industries. The 

rates for workers displaced from the other major industry groups changed little from the prior survey. 

(Workers were not necessarily reemployed in the same industries from which they were displaced.) 

By major occupational group, the reemployment rate decreased to 58 percent for sales and office 

occupations and to 68 percent for management, professional, and related occupations in January 2022. 

Reemployment rates for other major occupational groups changed little from the prior survey. The 

January 2022 rates were 71 percent for those displaced from production, transportation, and material 

moving occupations; 65 percent for service occupations; and 63 percent for natural resources, 

construction, and maintenance occupations. (See table 5.) 

Geographic Divisions 

Compared with the 2017-19 period, the number of long-tenured workers displaced during the 2019-21 

period increased for the Middle Atlantic, East North Central, West North Central, South Atlantic, and 

Pacific divisions, and changed little for the other geographic divisions of the United States. In January 

2022, the reemployment rate increased to 72 percent for the East South Central division. The rate 

declined for the West South Central (56 percent) and Mountain (67 percent) divisions. (See table 6.)

Earnings

Of the 2.0 million long-tenured displaced workers who lost full-time wage and salary jobs during the 

2019-21 period and were reemployed in January 2022, 1.6 million had full-time wage and salary jobs. 

Of the reemployed full-time workers who reported earnings on their lost job, the proportion that were 

earning as much or more than they did at their lost job was 63 percent in January 2022, little different 

from the January 2020 survey. (See table 7.)
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Total Displaced Workers (With No Tenure Restriction)

The total number of workers displaced between January 2019 and December 2021 (regardless of how 

long they had held their jobs) was 8.6 million, up by 2.3 million from 2017 to 2019. Of the total number 

of workers who lost jobs over the 2019-21 period, 67 percent were reemployed in January 2022, down 

by 4 percentage points from the January 2020 survey. Fourteen percent of all displaced workers were 

unemployed, little different from the prior survey, and the proportion not in the labor force rose by 5 

percentage points to 19 percent. (See table 8.)
Technical Note

The data presented in this release were collected 

through a supplement to the January 2022 Current 

Population Survey (CPS), the monthly survey of about 

60,000 eligible households that provides basic data on 

employment and unemployment for the nation. The 

CPS is conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the 

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The purpose of this

supplement was to obtain information on the number 

and characteristics of persons who had been displaced 

(as defined below) from their jobs over the prior 3 

calendar years. The collection of these data is 

sponsored by the Department of Labor's Chief 

Evaluation Office.

Additional information, reports, and archived 

news releases are available at 

www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#displaced.

Data presented in this release are based on Census 

2010 population controls that are updated annually in 

January. Additional information, reports, and archived 

news release are available at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#pop.

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech 

disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access 

telecommunications relay services.

Reliability of the estimates

Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both 

sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample,

rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is 

a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the 

true population values they represent. The component 

of this difference that occurs because samples differ by 

chance is known as sampling error, and its variability 

is measured by the standard error of the estimate. 

There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of

confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will 

differ by no more than 1.6 standard errorsfrom the true 

population value because of sampling error. BLS 

analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent 

level of confidence.

The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling 

error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, 

including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all 

respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness 

of respondents to provide correct information, and 

errors made in the collection or processing of the data.

Information about the reliability of data from the 

CPS and guidance on estimating standard errors

is available at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#reliability.

Concepts and questions

Displaced workers are wage and salary workers 

20 years of age and over who lost or left jobs because 

their plant or company closed or moved, there was 

insufficient work for them to do, or their position or 

shift was abolished. Data are often presented for longtenured displaced workers—those who had worked for 

their employer for 3 or more years at the time of 

displacement.

Wage and salary workers receive wages, 

salaries, commissions, tips, payment in kind, or piece

rates. The group includes employees in both the 

private and public sectors but excludes all selfemployed persons, both those with incorporated 

businesses as well as those with unincorporated

businesses.

Data discussed in this release on displaced 

workers were obtained from the following questions:

(This question was asked of all persons 20 years 

and over.) During the last 3 calendar years, that is, 

January 2019 through December 2021, did (you/name) 

lose a job or leave one because: (your/his/her) plant or 

company closed or moved, (your/his/her) position or 

shift was abolished, insufficient work, or another 

similar reason?

(If the respondent answered "yes" to the above 

question on job loss, the following question was then 

asked.) Which of these specific reasons describes why 

(name/you) (is/are) no longer working at that job?

Plant or company closed down or moved

Plant or company operating but lost or left job 

because of:

Insufficient work

Position or shift abolished

Seasonal job completed

Self-operated business failed

Some other reason

Respondents who provided one of the first three 

reasons—plant or company closed or moved,

insufficient work, or position or shift abolished—were 

classified as displaced and asked additional questions 

about the lost job, including how many years they had 

worked for their employer; the year the job was lost; 

the earnings, industry, and occupation of the lost job; 

and whether health insurance had been provided. 

Other questions were asked to determine what 

occurred before and after the job loss, such as: Was the 

respondent notified of the upcoming dismissal? How 

long did he/she go without work? Did he/she receive 

unemployment benefits? And, if so, were the benefits 

used up? Did the person move to another location after 

the job loss to take or look for another job? 
Information also was collected about current health 

insurance coverage (other than Medicare and 

Medicaid) and current earnings for those employed at 

the time of the survey.
Table 1. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by age, sex, race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, and employment status

in January 2022

(Numbers in thousands)

Characteristic Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in labor

force

Total

Total, 20 years and over 3,596 100.0 65.2 12.4 22.3

20 to 24 years 119 100.0 67.7 16.8 15.5

25 to 54 years 2,227 100.0 72.2 12.3 15.6

55 to 64 years 852 100.0 63.9 13.2 23.0

65 years and over 398 100.0 28.7 10.4 60.9

Men

Total, 20 years and over 1,889 100.0 68.0 13.6 18.4

20 to 24 years 65 100.0 - - -

25 to 54 years 1,201 100.0 75.9 13.9 10.2

55 to 64 years 426 100.0 65.4 14.3 20.3

65 years and over 197 100.0 27.0 8.7 64.4

Women

Total, 20 years and over 1,708 100.0 62.2 11.2 26.7

20 to 24 years 54 100.0 - - -

25 to 54 years 1,027 100.0 67.8 10.3 21.9

55 to 64 years 426 100.0 62.3 12.0 25.7

65 years and over 201 100.0 30.4 12.2 57.5

White

Total, 20 years and over 2,819 100.0 64.2 12.2 23.5

Men 1,428 100.0 68.2 13.1 18.7

Women 1,391 100.0 60.2 11.3 28.5

Black or African American

Total, 20 years and over 357 100.0 71.2 8.3 20.4

Men 203 100.0 68.5 8.0 23.6

Women 154 100.0 74.9 8.8 16.3

Asian

Total, 20 years and over 278 100.0 66.0 17.2 16.8

Men 189 100.0 64.7 22.8 12.5

Women 89 100.0 68.7 5.4 25.9

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

Total, 20 years and over 597 100.0 64.7 16.7 18.6

Men 312 100.0 73.8 14.2 12.0

Women 285 100.0 54.7 19.5 25.8

1Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2019 and December 2021

because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not

presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Dash indicates no data or data

that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).
Table 2. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by age, sex, race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, and reason for job loss,

January 2022

(Numbers in thousands)

Characteristic Total

Percent distribution by reason for job loss

Total

Plant or company

closed down or

moved

Insufficient work Position or shift

abolished

Total

Total, 20 years and over 3,596 100.0 38.1 30.9 31.0

20 to 24 years 119 100.0 39.1 39.2 21.7

25 to 54 years 2,227 100.0 37.9 31.2 30.8

55 to 64 years 852 100.0 35.7 32.8 31.5

65 years and over 398 100.0 43.5 23.0 33.5

Men

Total, 20 years and over 1,889 100.0 35.2 33.3 31.5

20 to 24 years 65 100.0 - - -

25 to 54 years 1,201 100.0 35.7 32.5 31.8

55 to 64 years 426 100.0 35.9 35.0 29.1

65 years and over 197 100.0 37.8 26.6 35.6

Women

Total, 20 years and over 1,708 100.0 41.3 28.3 30.4

20 to 24 years 54 100.0 - - -

25 to 54 years 1,027 100.0 40.5 29.7 29.8

55 to 64 years 426 100.0 35.5 30.6 33.8

65 years and over 201 100.0 49.1 19.5 31.4

White

Total, 20 years and over 2,819 100.0 37.1 30.2 32.7

Men 1,428 100.0 34.1 33.4 32.5

Women 1,391 100.0 40.2 27.0 32.9

Black or African American

Total, 20 years and over 357 100.0 44.4 28.4 27.2

Men 203 100.0 39.3 30.1 30.7

Women 154 100.0 51.2 26.2 22.6

Asian

Total, 20 years and over 278 100.0 29.7 42.0 28.3

Men 189 100.0 26.5 41.1 32.5

Women 89 100.0 36.4 44.1 19.5

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

Total, 20 years and over 597 100.0 46.3 35.2 18.5

Men 312 100.0 40.6 42.8 16.6

Women 285 100.0 52.5 26.9 20.6

1Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2019 and December 2021

because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not

presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Dash indicates no data or data

that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).
Table 3. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by whether they received written advance notice, reason for job loss,

and employment status in January 2022

(Numbers in thousands)

Characteristic Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in labor

force

Total

Total, 20 years and over2 3,596 100.0 65.2 12.4 22.3

Received written advance notice 1,416 100.0 67.2 10.8 21.9

Did not receive written advance notice 2,120 100.0 64.1 13.5 22.4

Plant or company closed down or moved

Total, 20 years and over2 1,369 100.0 66.2 8.4 25.4

Received written advance notice 670 100.0 67.9 6.9 25.3

Did not receive written advance notice 676 100.0 64.5 10.2 25.3

Insufficient work

Total, 20 years and over2 1,113 100.0 66.3 15.5 18.2

Received written advance notice 274 100.0 69.1 9.5 21.4

Did not receive written advance notice 806 100.0 66.1 17.3 16.6

Position or shift abolished

Total, 20 years and over2 1,114 100.0 63.0 14.3 22.8

Received written advance notice 473 100.0 65.3 17.2 17.5

Did not receive written advance notice 638 100.0 61.0 12.2 26.8

1Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2019 and December 2021

because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts.

2Includes a small number who did not report information on advance notice.

NOTE: Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).
Table 4. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by industry and class of worker of lost job and employment status in

January 2022

(Numbers in thousands)

Industry and class of worker of lost job Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in labor

force

Total, 20 years and over2 3,596 100.0 65.2 12.4 22.3

Agriculture and related industries wage and salary workers 10 100.0 - - -

Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers 3,507 100.0 65.3 12.7 22.1

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers 3,403 100.0 65.1 12.9 22.0

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 50 100.0 - - -

Construction 213 100.0 65.7 23.4 10.9

Manufacturing 465 100.0 64.3 12.2 23.4

Durable goods manufacturing 297 100.0 65.0 10.2 24.8

Primary metals and fabricated metal products 50 100.0 - - -

Machinery manufacturing 41 100.0 - - -

Computers and electronic products 27 100.0 - - -

Electrical equipment and appliances 5 100.0 - - -

Transportation equipment 97 100.0 88.1 6.0 5.9

Miscellaneous manufacturing 40 100.0 - - -

Other durable goods industries 37 100.0 - - -

Nondurable goods manufacturing 168 100.0 63.2 15.8 21.0

Food manufacturing 33 100.0 - - -

Textiles, apparel, and leather 18 100.0 - - -

Paper and printing 33 100.0 - - -

Other nondurable goods industries 84 100.0 46.1 23.8 30.0

Wholesale and retail trade 429 100.0 63.3 12.0 24.6

Wholesale trade 72 100.0 - - -

Retail trade 357 100.0 60.9 13.0 26.1

Transportation and utilities3 172 100.0 73.4 6.8 19.8

Transportation and warehousing 149 100.0 72.3 7.9 19.8

Information3 120 100.0 65.4 23.5 11.1

Telecommunications 36 100.0 - - -

Financial activities 253 100.0 70.2 13.8 16.0

Finance and insurance 192 100.0 75.1 10.3 14.6

Finance 135 100.0 77.8 9.3 12.9

Insurance 57 100.0 - - -

Real estate and rental and leasing 62 100.0 - - -

Professional and business services 506 100.0 62.8 15.9 21.3

Professional and technical services 308 100.0 64.9 19.8 15.3

Management, administrative, and waste services 198 100.0 59.5 9.9 30.6

Education and health services 433 100.0 71.6 7.2 21.2

Educational services 140 100.0 70.6 4.4 25.0

Health care and social assistance3 292 100.0 72.1 8.5 19.4

Hospitals 73 100.0 - - -

Health services, except hospitals 179 100.0 69.9 11.0 19.1

Leisure and hospitality3 574 100.0 64.2 13.4 22.4

Accommodation and food services3 424 100.0 62.9 16.2 20.9

Food services and drinking places 367 100.0 65.4 13.5 21.1

Other services 187 100.0 50.1 8.9 41.0

Government wage and salary workers 104 100.0 70.8 5.4 23.8

1Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2019 and December 2021

because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts.

2Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and persons who did not report industry or class of worker of lost job, not shown

separately.

3Includes other industries, not shown separately.

NOTE: Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).
Table 5. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by occupation of lost job and employment status in January 2022

(Numbers in thousands)

Occupation of lost job Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in labor

force

Total, 20 years and over2 3,596 100.0 65.2 12.4 22.3

Management, professional, and related occupations 1,411 100.0 67.6 14.3 18.0

Management, business, and financial operations occupations 722 100.0 70.6 13.4 16.0

Professional and related occupations 689 100.0 64.5 15.4 20.1

Service occupations 647 100.0 65.4 11.1 23.5

Sales and office occupations 777 100.0 58.4 11.0 30.6

Sales and related occupations 342 100.0 52.7 12.2 35.1

Office and administrative support occupations 435 100.0 62.9 10.0 27.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations 273 100.0 63.1 15.5 21.4

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 4 100.0 - - -

Construction and extraction occupations 173 100.0 67.5 20.8 11.7

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 97 100.0 56.1 4.4 39.5

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 414 100.0 70.5 8.6 20.8

Production occupations 194 100.0 61.8 11.0 27.2

Transportation and material moving occupations 220 100.0 78.2 6.5 15.3

1Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2019 and December 2021

because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts.

2Total includes a small number who did not report occupation or class of worker of lost job.

NOTE: Effective with January 2020 data, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2018 Census occupational classification system into

the Current Population Survey. This classification system is derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No

historical data have been revised. Data for 2020 are not strictly comparable with earlier years. Dash indicates no data or data that do not

meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).
Table 6. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by selected characteristics and area of residence in January 2022

(In thousands)

Characteristic Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Mountain Pacific

Workers who lost jobs

Total, 20 years and over 3,596 182 493 554 247 574 158 351 194 843

Men 1,889 108 240 241 138 363 82 225 93 401

Women 1,708 74 253 313 110 212 77 127 101 442

Reason for job loss

Plant or company closed down or moved 1,369 78 234 241 72 202 67 111 68 296

Insufficient work 1,113 49 144 114 81 169 54 149 57 295

Position or shift abolished 1,114 55 115 199 94 203 37 91 69 252

Industry and class of worker of lost job

Agriculture and related industries wage and salary

workers 10 - - - 1 - - 4 1 4

Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers 3,507 182 480 554 242 558 149 339 193 809

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers 3,403 173 470 548 232 550 139 323 182 786

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 50 - - 6 7 - 2 23 4 7

Construction 213 8 21 7 15 50 6 33 22 52

Manufacturing 465 27 42 137 50 32 36 53 17 71

Durable goods manufacturing 297 19 30 92 27 19 27 26 11 45

Nondurable goods manufacturing 168 8 12 45 23 13 9 27 5 26

Wholesale and retail trade 429 26 32 75 23 94 21 44 29 85

Transportation and utilities 172 8 33 5 17 46 2 18 6 37

Information 120 3 15 4 7 22 4 16 12 37

Financial activities 253 20 54 28 11 44 6 33 11 47

Professional and business services 506 14 82 88 25 88 30 32 28 121

Education and health services 433 25 56 122 26 51 24 25 15 89

Leisure and hospitality 574 35 95 57 49 88 8 32 21 189

Other services 187 7 41 20 2 34 - 14 18 51

Government wage and salary workers 104 9 10 6 10 8 9 16 12 24

Employment status in January 2022

Employed 2,346 132 278 404 191 342 114 196 129 560

Unemployed 447 13 80 39 23 75 13 56 21 128

Not in labor force 804 37 135 111 33 158 31 99 44 155

1Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2019 and December 2021 because of plant or company

closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts.

2Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and persons who did not report industry or class of worker of lost job, not shown separately.

NOTE: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont compose the New England Division; New Jersey, New York, and

Pennsylvania compose the Middle Atlantic Division; Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin compose the East North Central Division; Iowa, Kansas,

Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota compose the West North Central Division; Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia compose the South Atlantic Division; Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee

compose the East South Central Division; Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas compose the West South Central Division; Arizona, Colorado, Idaho,

Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming compose the Mountain Division; Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington compose the Pacific

Division. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).
Table 7. Long-tenured displaced workers1 who lost full-time wage and salary jobs and were reemployed in January 2022 by industry

of lost job and characteristics of new job

(In thousands)

Industry and class of worker of lost job

Reemployed in January 2022

Total

Wage and salary workers

Part time

Full time

Total2

Earnings relative to those of lost job

20 percent

or more

below

Below, but

within 20

percent

Equal or

above, but

within 20

percent

20 percent

or more

above

Selfemployed

and unpaid

family

workers

Total who lost full-time wage and salary jobs 1,954 193 1,581 242 221 449 322 180

Agriculture and related industries wage and salary

workers 1 - 1 - - - 1 -

Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers 1,909 193 1,541 242 221 445 307 175

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers 1,863 189 1,500 239 214 437 287 174

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 29 - 28 11 2 7 5 2

Construction 128 3 110 24 5 20 16 14

Manufacturing 290 2 281 51 37 97 27 7

Durable goods manufacturing 188 1 181 29 23 59 22 7

Nondurable goods manufacturing 102 1 100 22 14 38 5 -

Wholesale and retail trade 221 1 207 31 36 55 43 13

Transportation and utilities 125 10 115 17 30 29 15 1

Information 62 14 35 5 4 15 2 13

Financial activities 176 9 135 10 34 49 5 32

Professional and business services 298 46 208 35 6 70 55 44

Education and health services 213 44 148 30 26 25 45 20

Leisure and hospitality 268 55 188 24 34 57 51 25

Other services 54 6 45 1 0 14 23 3

Government wage and salary workers 46 4 41 2 7 7 20 1

1Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2019 and December 2021 because of plant or company

closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts.

2Includes persons who did not report earnings on lost job.

3Includes other industries, not shown separately.

NOTE: Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).
Table 8. Total displaced workers1 by selected characteristics and employment status in January 2022

(Numbers in thousands)

Characteristic Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in labor

force

Workers who lost jobs

Total, 20 years and over 8,589 100.0 67.0 13.8 19.2

20 to 24 years 775 100.0 64.1 21.6 14.3

25 to 54 years 5,791 100.0 72.2 12.5 15.3

55 to 64 years 1,439 100.0 62.3 15.2 22.5

65 years and over 584 100.0 31.3 13.0 55.7

Men, 20 years and over 4,674 100.0 71.4 13.8 14.8

20 to 24 years 427 100.0 58.9 27.0 14.1

25 to 54 years 3,176 100.0 78.1 11.5 10.4

55 to 64 years 779 100.0 65.3 16.8 17.9

65 years and over 291 100.0 32.9 11.9 55.3

Women, 20 years and over 3,916 100.0 61.8 13.8 24.4

20 to 24 years 348 100.0 70.4 15.0 14.6

25 to 54 years 2,615 100.0 65.0 13.8 21.2

55 to 64 years 660 100.0 58.7 13.3 28.0

65 years and over 293 100.0 29.8 14.1 56.1

White 6,367 100.0 66.8 13.3 19.9

Black or African American 1,245 100.0 64.8 16.9 18.3

Asian 586 100.0 71.2 12.1 16.7

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity 1,771 100.0 70.2 15.0 14.9

Reason for job loss

Plant or company closed down or moved 3,071 100.0 66.6 11.2 22.2

Insufficient work 3,365 100.0 66.7 16.6 16.7

Position or shift abolished 2,153 100.0 68.1 13.2 18.7

Occupation of lost job

Management, professional, and related occupations 2,762 100.0 72.4 13.1 14.6

Management, business, and financial operations occupations 1,348 100.0 75.3 12.7 12.0

Professional and related occupations 1,414 100.0 69.5 13.5 17.0

Service occupations 1,866 100.0 62.0 15.7 22.3

Sales and office occupations 1,860 100.0 62.5 13.3 24.2

Sales and related occupations 834 100.0 62.8 12.9 24.3

Office and administrative support occupations 1,025 100.0 62.2 13.6 24.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations 712 100.0 69.6 14.5 15.9

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 31 100.0 - - -

Construction and extraction occupations 501 100.0 71.8 16.9 11.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 179 100.0 68.3 6.3 25.4

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 1,014 100.0 70.4 13.3 16.3

Production occupations 421 100.0 65.3 14.6 20.1

Transportation and material moving occupations 593 100.0 74.1 12.3 13.6

See footnotes at end of table.

1
Table 8. Total displaced workers1 by selected characteristics and employment status in January 2022 --

Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Characteristic Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in labor

force

Industry and class of worker of lost job

Agriculture and related industries wage and salary workers 37 100.0 - - -

Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers 8,205 100.0 67.4 13.8 18.8

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers 7,862 100.0 67.6 13.9 18.5

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 111 100.0 50.3 12.0 37.7

Construction 618 100.0 68.7 18.4 12.9

Manufacturing 905 100.0 68.6 15.1 16.3

Durable goods manufacturing 545 100.0 69.5 14.7 15.8

Nondurable goods manufacturing 359 100.0 67.2 15.6 17.2

Wholesale and retail trade 1,058 100.0 72.0 12.7 15.4

Transportation and utilities 443 100.0 71.3 11.4 17.3

Information 208 100.0 68.5 20.4 11.1

Financial activities 459 100.0 71.4 12.3 16.3

Professional and business services 1,193 100.0 70.1 15.1 14.8

Education and health services 881 100.0 66.3 11.5 22.2

Leisure and hospitality 1,628 100.0 65.4 13.6 21.1

Other services 358 100.0 51.1 13.0 35.9

Government wage and salary workers 342 100.0 62.4 10.4 27.2

1Data refer to all persons (regardless of years of tenure on lost job) who had lost or left a job between January 2019 and December 2021

because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts.

2Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and persons who did not report occupation, industry or class of worker of lost

job, not shown separately.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not

presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Dash indicates no data or data

that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).

2