Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until USDL-19-2105 

8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, December 6, 2019

Technical information: 

 Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps

 Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

(NOTE: This news release was reissued on February 21, 2020, to correct data in table A-5 

on veterans and nonveterans. The population controls used in the weighting of veterans

and nonveterans data were incorrect in the original publication. All differences between

the original and corrected tables were minor, and the text was unaffected.)

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — NOVEMBER 2019 

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 266,000 in November, and the unemployment rate was 

little changed at 3.5 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Notable job gains 

occurred in health care and in professional and technical services. Employment rose in manufacturing, 

reflecting the return of workers from a strike. 

This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey measures labor 

force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The establishment survey 

measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For more information about the 

concepts and statistical methodology used in these two surveys, see the Technical Note. 

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

Nov-17 Feb-18 May-18 Aug-18 Nov-18 Feb-19 May-19 Aug-19 Nov-19

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

November 2017 – November 2019

Percent

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

Nov-17 Feb-18 May-18 Aug-18 Nov-18 Feb-19 May-19 Aug-19 Nov-19

Thousands

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month change, 

seasonally adjusted, November 2017 – November 2019
 

-2-

Household Survey Data

Both the unemployment rate, at 3.5 percent, and the number of unemployed persons, at 5.8 million, 

changed little in November. (See table A-1.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (3.2 percent), adult women 

(3.2 percent), teenagers (12.0 percent), Whites (3.2 percent), Blacks (5.5 percent), Asians (2.6 percent), 

and Hispanics (4.2 percent) showed little or no change in November. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more), at 1.2 million, was 

essentially unchanged in November and accounted for 20.8 percent of the unemployed. (See table A12.) 

The labor force participation rate was little changed at 63.2 percent in November. The employmentpopulation ratio was 61.0 percent for the third consecutive month. (See table A-1.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons, at 4.3 million, changed little in 

November. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time 

because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See table A-8.) 

In November, 1.2 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, down by 432,000 from 

a year earlier. (Data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted 

and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not 

counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. 

(See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 325,000 discouraged workers in November, down by 

128,000 from a year earlier. (Data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not 

currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 921,000 

persons marginally attached to the labor force in November had not searched for work for reasons such 

as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 266,000 in November. Job growth has averaged 180,000 

per month thus far in 2019, compared with an average monthly gain of 223,000 in 2018. In November, 

notable job gains occurred in health care and in professional and technical services. Employment also 

increased in manufacturing, reflecting the return of workers from a strike. Employment continued to 

trend up in leisure and hospitality, transportation and warehousing, and financial activities, while mining 

lost jobs. (See table B-1.) 

In November, health care added 45,000 jobs, following little employment change in October (+12,000). 

The November job gains occurred in ambulatory health care services (+34,000) and in hospitals 

(+10,000). Health care has added 414,000 jobs over the last 12 months. 

Employment in professional and technical services increased by 31,000 in November and by 278,000 

over the last 12 months. 
 

-3-

Manufacturing employment rose by 54,000 in November, following a decline of 43,000 in the prior 

month. Within manufacturing, employment in motor vehicles and parts was up by 41,000 in November, 

reflecting the return of workers who were on strike in October. 

In November, employment in leisure and hospitality continued to trend up (+45,000). The industry has 

added 219,000 jobs over the last 4 months. 

Employment in transportation and warehousing continued on an upward trend in November 

(+16,000). Within the industry, job gains occurred in warehousing and storage (+8,000) and in couriers 

and messengers (+5,000). 

Financial activities employment also continued to trend up in November (+13,000), with a gain of 

7,000 in credit intermediation and related activities. Financial activities has added 116,000 jobs over the 

last 12 months. 

Mining lost jobs in November (-7,000), largely in support activities for mining (-6,000). Mining 

employment is down by 19,000 since a recent peak in May. 

In November, employment in retail trade was about unchanged (+2,000). Within the industry, 

employment rose in general merchandise stores (+22,000) and in motor vehicle and parts dealers 

(+8,000), while clothing and clothing accessories stores lost jobs (-18,000). 

Employment in other major industries—including construction, wholesale trade, information, and 

government—showed little change over the month. 

In November, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 7 cents 

to $28.29. Over the last 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by 3.1 percent. In 

November, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees rose 

by 7 cents to $23.83. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.4 hours in 

November. In manufacturing, the average workweek increased by 0.1 hour to 40.5 hours, while 

overtime decreased by 0.1 hour to 3.1 hours. The average workweek of private-sector production and 

nonsupervisory employees held at 33.5 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for September was revised up by 13,000 from 

+180,000 to +193,000, and the change for October was revised up by 28,000 from +128,000 to 

+156,000. With these revisions, employment gains in September and October combined were 41,000 

more than previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional reports received from 

businesses and government agencies since the last published estimates and from the recalculation of 

seasonal factors.) After revisions, job gains have averaged 205,000 over the last 3 months. 

_____________ 

The Employment Situation for December is scheduled to be released on Friday, January 10, 2020, 

at 8:30 a.m. (EST). 
 

-4-

Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data 

In accordance with usual practice, The Employment Situation for December 2019, scheduled for 

January 10, 2020, will incorporate annual revisions to seasonally adjusted household survey data. 

Seasonally adjusted data for the most recent 5 years are subject to revision. 

Upcoming Changes to Household Survey Data 

With the publication of The Employment Situation for January 2020 on February 7, 2020, two not 

seasonally adjusted series currently displayed in Summary table A—persons marginally attached to the 

labor force and discouraged workers—will be replaced with new seasonally adjusted series. The new 

seasonally adjusted series will be available in the BLS online database back to 1994. Not seasonally 

adjusted data for persons marginally attached to the labor force and for discouraged workers will 

continue to be published in table A-16. These series will also be available in the BLS online database 

back to 1994. 

Persons marginally attached to the labor force and discouraged workers are inputs into three alternative 

measures of labor underutilization displayed in table A-15. Therefore, with the publication of The 

Employment Situation for January 2020, data for U-4, U-5, and U-6 in table A-15 will reflect the new 

seasonally adjusted series. Revised data back to 1994 will be available in the BLS online database. Not 

seasonally adjusted series for the alternative measures will be unaffected.

Beginning with data for January 2020, occupation estimates in table A-13 will reflect the introduction of 

the 2018 Census occupation classification system into the household survey. This occupation 

classification system is derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. In 

addition, industry estimates in table A-14 will reflect the introduction of the 2017 Census industry 

classification system, which is derived from the 2017 North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS). Historical data on occupation and industry will not be revised. Beginning with data for 

January 2020, estimates will not be strictly comparable with earlier years. 

Also beginning with data for January 2020, estimates of married persons will include those in oppositesex and same-sex marriages. Prior to January 2020, these estimates include only those in opposite-sex 

marriages. This will affect marital status estimates in tables A-9 and A-10. Historical data will not be 

revised.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

Change from:

Oct. 2019-

Nov. 2019

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population........................................... 258,708 259,638 259,845 260,020 175

Civilian labor force........................................................... 162,821 164,039 164,364 164,404 40

Participation rate.......................................................... 62.9 63.2 63.3 63.2 -0.1

Employed................................................................... 156,803 158,269 158,510 158,593 83

Employment-population ratio.......................................... 60.6 61.0 61.0 61.0 0.0

Unemployed............................................................... 6,018 5,769 5,855 5,811 -44

Unemployment rate.................................................... 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.5 -0.1

Not in labor force............................................................ 95,886 95,599 95,481 95,616 135

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over...................................................... 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.5 -0.1

Adult men (20 years and over)............................................ 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2 0.0

Adult women (20 years and over)......................................... 3.4 3.1 3.2 3.2 0.0

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................ 12.0 12.5 12.3 12.0 -0.3

White.......................................................................... 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.2 0.0

Black or African American.................................................. 6.0 5.5 5.4 5.5 0.1

Asian.......................................................................... 2.7 2.5 2.9 2.6 -0.3

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................. 4.5 3.9 4.1 4.2 0.1

Total, 25 years and over...................................................... 3.0 2.8 2.9 2.9 0.0

Less than a high school diploma.......................................... 5.6 4.8 5.6 5.3 -0.3

High school graduates, no college........................................ 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.7 0.0

Some college or associate degree........................................ 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.9 0.0

Bachelor’s degree and higher.............................................. 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.0 -0.1

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs.................. 2,842 2,572 2,674 2,806 132

Job leavers...................................................................... 697 840 849 777 -72

Reentrants....................................................................... 1,880 1,669 1,703 1,664 -39

New entrants.................................................................... 577 677 627 586 -41

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks............................................................. 2,128 1,868 1,968 2,020 52

5 to 14 weeks................................................................... 1,842 1,781 1,749 1,757 8

15 to 26 weeks................................................................. 865 819 899 872 -27

27 weeks and over............................................................. 1,259 1,314 1,264 1,224 -40

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons.............................................. 4,781 4,350 4,438 4,322 -116

Slack work or business conditions........................................ 2,882 2,588 2,754 2,633 -121

Could only find part-time work............................................. 1,562 1,322 1,287 1,268 -19

Part time for noneconomic reasons.......................................... 20,909 21,573 21,549 21,534 -15

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force....................................... 1,678 1,299 1,229 1,246 –

Discouraged workers........................................................ 453 321 341 325 –

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will

not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 193 156 266

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 183 163 254

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 11 -25 48

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -3 0 4 -7

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 9 14 1

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2 -43 54

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 -1 -50 44

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -1.9 0.6 -42.8 41.3

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 3 7 10

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 172 188 206

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 5.0 10.0 -4.3

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.5 12.0 22.0 2.0

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.6 8.5 6.1 15.5

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 -1.3 -1.6 0.5

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -3 6 -6 13

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 6 16 13

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 27 43 38

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 9.9 3.8 4.8

Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 57 30 74

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.6 49.0 33.1 60.2

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 56 70 45

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 -5 -1 9

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -4 10 -7 12

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 193 189 205

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 156 170 200

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.7 49.9 50.0 50.0

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.3 48.6 48.6 48.6

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.4 82.3 82.3 82.2

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.4 34.4 34.4 34.4

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $27.43 $28.12 $28.22 $28.29

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $943.59 $967.33 $970.77 $973.18

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110.1 111.5 111.7 111.9

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.4 149.9 150.7 151.3

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.4

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private (258 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.6 56.6 52.7 61.6

Manufacturing (76 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.8 43.4 36.2 54.6

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the

service-providing industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate

hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal

balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of 

employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series 

has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household 

survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 

100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically 

significant change in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a 

more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers 

whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private 

household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also 

provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences 

between the two surveys, please visit https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm. 

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, 

it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does 

not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which 

identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the 

foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The 

Employment Situation news release. 

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

https://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax 

records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more 

information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit 

https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments 

with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the 

reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and 

industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 

 
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net 

employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an 

econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based 

on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census 

of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this 

purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There 

is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and 

availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment 

insurance benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons 

who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the 

unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There 

is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently 

looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, 

including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged 

workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include 

discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each 

month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these 

alternative measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? 

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the 

month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than 

on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including 

pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates 

typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some 

employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, 

while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll 

employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates, 

employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees 

who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll 

employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit 

https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th 

of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as 

employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the 

number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure 

of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 

Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page, 

please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household 

survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES; 

establishment survey). The household survey provides 

information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked 

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 

eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for 

the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm 

payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of 

nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the 

CES program surveys about 142,000 businesses and 

government agencies, representing approximately 689,000 

individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry 

data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on 

nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately 

one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that contains 

the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the 

reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which 

may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force.

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime 

during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. 

Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be 

looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The 

unemployment data derived from the household survey in no 

way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of 

unemployment insurance benefits.

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as 

employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The 

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent 

of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the 

labor force as a percent of the population, and

the employment-population ratio is the employed as a 

percent of the population. Additional information

about the household survey can be found at 

https://www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who worked or received pay for any part of the 

reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. 

Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and 

earnings data are produced for the private sector for all 

employees and for production and nonsupervisory 

employees. Production and nonsupervisory employees are 

defined as production and related employees in 

manufacturing and mining and logging, construction 

workers in construction, and non-supervisory employees in 

private service-providing industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an 

establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 

2017 version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at https://www.bls.gov/ces/.

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous 

conceptual and methodological differences between the 

household and establishment surveys result in important 

distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the 

surveys. Among these are:

• The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, self-employed workers whose businesses 

are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and 

private household workers among the employed. 

These groups are excluded from the establishment 

survey.

• The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not.

• The household survey is limited to workers 16 years 

of age and older. The establishment survey is not 

limited by age.

• The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance.
Seasonal adjustment

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and 

the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal 

developments, such as declines in employment or increases 

in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to 

spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number 

of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to 

obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to 

May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic 

activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment 

survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 

20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with 

the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying 

employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal 

employment changes at the end and beginning of the school 

year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make 

underlying employment patterns more discernable. The 

seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with 

which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic 

activity.

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such 

as total payroll employment, employment in most major 

sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed 

by aggregating independently adjusted component series. 

For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the 

adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this 

differs from the unemployment estimate that would be 

obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the 

duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. 

When a sample, rather than the entire population, is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. The 

component of this difference that occurs because samples 

differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its 

variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. 

There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value 

because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment 

survey is on the order of plus or minus 110,000. Suppose the 

estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from 

one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on 

the monthly change would range from -60,000 to +160,000 

(50,000 +/- 110,000). These figures do not mean that the 

sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that 

there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range 

includes values of less than zero, we could not say with 

confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased 

that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment 

rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent 

confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, 

it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm 

employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an 

unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent 

confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment 

as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000, 

and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is 

about +/- 0.2 percentage point.

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such 

as for quarterly and annual averages.

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all respondents 

in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to 

provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made 

by respondents, and errors made in the collection or 

processing of the data.

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for 

the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; 

for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the 

tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly 

estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, 

that the estimate is considered final.
Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 

account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from sample-based 

estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains 

from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample 

units going out of business, but imputing to them the same 

employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This 

procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death 

employment.

The second component is an ARIMA time series model 

designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment 

not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time 

series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived 

from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level 

database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and 

deaths over the past 5 years.

The sample-based estimates from the establishment

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy 

for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate 

changes in the classification of industries. Over the past 

decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm 

employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from

-0.7 percent to 0.6 percent.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Nov.

2018

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

July

2019

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258,708 259,845 260,020 258,708 259,225 259,432 259,638 259,845 260,020

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162,665 164,576 164,386 162,821 163,351 163,922 164,039 164,364 164,404

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.9 63.3 63.2 62.9 63.0 63.2 63.2 63.3 63.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157,015 159,067 158,945 156,803 157,288 157,878 158,269 158,510 158,593

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.7 61.2 61.1 60.6 60.7 60.9 61.0 61.0 61.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,650 5,510 5,441 6,018 6,063 6,044 5,769 5,855 5,811

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96,043 95,269 95,634 95,886 95,874 95,510 95,599 95,481 95,616

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,060 4,412 4,515 5,397 5,043 5,150 4,880 4,753 4,831

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,137 125,687 125,773 125,137 125,378 125,481 125,583 125,687 125,773

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85,974 86,824 86,864 86,330 86,805 86,832 86,839 86,884 87,153

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.7 69.1 69.1 69.0 69.2 69.2 69.1 69.1 69.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83,033 83,918 83,973 83,194 83,584 83,600 83,732 83,753 84,060

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.4 66.8 66.8 66.5 66.7 66.6 66.7 66.6 66.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,941 2,906 2,890 3,136 3,221 3,233 3,107 3,132 3,094

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,163 38,863 38,909 38,807 38,573 38,649 38,744 38,802 38,620

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,646 117,242 117,331 116,646 116,939 117,040 117,140 117,242 117,331

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83,231 83,967 83,970 83,408 83,794 83,868 83,829 83,902 84,106

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.4 71.6 71.6 71.5 71.7 71.7 71.6 71.6 71.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,636 81,433 81,464 80,633 80,981 81,039 81,135 81,181 81,421

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.1 69.5 69.4 69.1 69.3 69.2 69.3 69.2 69.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,596 2,534 2,506 2,775 2,814 2,830 2,694 2,721 2,685

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,414 33,275 33,361 33,238 33,144 33,171 33,311 33,340 33,225

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133,571 134,158 134,247 133,571 133,847 133,951 134,054 134,158 134,247

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,691 77,752 77,522 76,492 76,546 77,090 77,199 77,480 77,251

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.4 58.0 57.7 57.3 57.2 57.6 57.6 57.8 57.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,982 75,149 74,971 73,609 73,705 74,278 74,537 74,757 74,533

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.4 56.0 55.8 55.1 55.1 55.5 55.6 55.7 55.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,709 2,603 2,550 2,883 2,841 2,812 2,662 2,723 2,718

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,880 56,406 56,725 57,079 57,301 56,861 56,855 56,678 56,996

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,299 125,907 125,998 125,299 125,604 125,705 125,806 125,907 125,998

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,820 74,891 74,695 73,478 73,548 74,123 74,314 74,517 74,296

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.9 59.5 59.3 58.6 58.6 59.0 59.1 59.2 59.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,438 72,584 72,426 70,949 71,069 71,655 71,974 72,112 71,888

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.0 57.6 57.5 56.6 56.6 57.0 57.2 57.3 57.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,383 2,307 2,269 2,529 2,479 2,468 2,340 2,405 2,408

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 3.1 3.0 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,479 51,016 51,303 51,821 52,057 51,582 51,491 51,390 51,702

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,763 16,696 16,692 16,763 16,682 16,687 16,691 16,696 16,692

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,613 5,718 5,721 5,935 6,009 5,931 5,895 5,946 6,003

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.5 34.2 34.3 35.4 36.0 35.5 35.3 35.6 36.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,941 5,050 5,055 5,221 5,239 5,184 5,160 5,217 5,285

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.5 30.2 30.3 31.1 31.4 31.1 30.9 31.2 31.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 672 668 666 714 770 747 735 729 718

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.0 11.7 11.6 12.0 12.8 12.6 12.5 12.3 12.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,150 10,978 10,971 10,828 10,673 10,756 10,796 10,750 10,689

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Nov.

2018

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

July

2019

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200,690 201,172 201,254 200,690 200,843 200,953 201,062 201,172 201,254

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,165 127,165 127,170 126,334 126,345 126,765 127,053 127,114 127,192

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.9 63.2 63.2 63.0 62.9 63.1 63.2 63.2 63.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,247 123,402 123,397 122,036 122,144 122,471 122,972 123,012 123,077

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.9 61.3 61.3 60.8 60.8 60.9 61.2 61.1 61.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,918 3,763 3,773 4,299 4,201 4,293 4,081 4,102 4,115

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,525 74,007 74,084 74,355 74,498 74,188 74,008 74,058 74,063

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,825 66,081 66,143 65,961 65,994 66,066 66,134 66,119 66,226

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.6 71.7 71.7 71.8 71.7 71.8 71.8 71.7 71.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,000 64,316 64,336 63,960 64,005 64,094 64,246 64,168 64,262

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.6 69.8 69.8 69.6 69.6 69.6 69.7 69.6 69.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,826 1,765 1,807 2,000 1,989 1,972 1,888 1,951 1,964

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 2.7 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.0

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,054 56,682 56,591 55,819 55,663 56,063 56,356 56,394 56,281

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.1 58.6 58.5 57.9 57.6 58.0 58.3 58.3 58.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,413 55,143 55,095 54,023 53,988 54,286 54,707 54,750 54,648

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.4 57.0 56.9 56.0 55.9 56.2 56.6 56.6 56.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,642 1,539 1,496 1,796 1,675 1,776 1,649 1,644 1,633

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9 2.7 2.6 3.2 3.0 3.2 2.9 2.9 2.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,285 4,402 4,436 4,554 4,687 4,636 4,563 4,601 4,685

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.8 36.0 36.2 37.0 38.3 37.9 37.3 37.6 38.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,835 3,943 3,966 4,052 4,151 4,091 4,019 4,093 4,167

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.2 32.2 32.4 32.9 33.9 33.4 32.8 33.4 34.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450 460 470 502 536 545 545 508 518

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.5 10.4 10.6 11.0 11.4 11.8 11.9 11.0 11.1

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,923 33,152 33,184 32,923 33,045 33,081 33,116 33,152 33,184

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,467 20,834 20,670 20,451 20,714 20,588 20,669 20,682 20,662

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.2 62.8 62.3 62.1 62.7 62.2 62.4 62.4 62.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,288 19,695 19,587 19,232 19,481 19,463 19,540 19,559 19,527

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.6 59.4 59.0 58.4 59.0 58.8 59.0 59.0 58.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,179 1,139 1,083 1,219 1,233 1,125 1,129 1,123 1,135

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.8 5.5 5.2 6.0 6.0 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,456 12,317 12,515 12,472 12,331 12,492 12,447 12,470 12,523

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,298 9,552 9,475 9,310 9,502 9,490 9,490 9,484 9,499

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.3 68.5 67.9 67.4 68.4 68.3 68.2 68.0 68.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,771 9,068 9,024 8,771 8,953 8,931 8,975 9,005 9,019

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.5 65.0 64.6 63.5 64.5 64.2 64.5 64.6 64.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528 484 451 539 549 559 515 480 480

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 5.1 4.8 5.8 5.8 5.9 5.4 5.1 5.1

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,375 10,567 10,490 10,303 10,421 10,379 10,460 10,471 10,436

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.4 63.1 62.5 62.0 62.4 62.1 62.5 62.5 62.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,872 10,039 9,995 9,789 9,877 9,926 9,978 9,967 9,929

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.4 59.9 59.6 58.9 59.2 59.4 59.6 59.5 59.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503 528 494 515 544 453 482 503 508

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 5.0 4.7 5.0 5.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 4.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 794 715 704 837 790 719 719 726 726

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.9 29.1 28.7 33.6 32.1 29.2 29.3 29.6 29.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 645 588 568 672 650 605 587 587 579

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.9 23.9 23.1 27.0 26.4 24.6 23.9 23.9 23.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 127 137 165 140 113 132 139 147

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.7 17.8 19.4 19.7 17.7 15.7 18.3 19.2 20.3

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Nov.

2018

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

July

2019

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,096 16,399 16,558 16,096 16,399 16,433 16,400 16,399 16,558

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,281 10,669 10,666 10,334 10,449 10,524 10,519 10,721 10,716

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.9 65.1 64.4 64.2 63.7 64.0 64.1 65.4 64.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,999 10,371 10,391 10,050 10,160 10,225 10,260 10,416 10,439

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.1 63.2 62.8 62.4 62.0 62.2 62.6 63.5 63.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282 298 274 284 289 299 258 306 277

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.5 2.9 2.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,814 5,730 5,892 5,762 5,950 5,909 5,881 5,678 5,842

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are

introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Nov.

2018

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

July

2019

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population................ 43,146 43,814 43,902 43,146 43,537 43,630 43,722 43,814 43,902

Civilian labor force................................ 28,854 29,542 29,679 28,820 28,896 29,082 29,287 29,486 29,587

Participation rate............................... 66.9 67.4 67.6 66.8 66.4 66.7 67.0 67.3 67.4

Employed....................................... 27,585 28,419 28,472 27,524 27,581 27,866 28,152 28,282 28,350

Employment-population ratio............... 63.9 64.9 64.9 63.8 63.4 63.9 64.4 64.6 64.6

Unemployed.................................... 1,269 1,123 1,207 1,296 1,314 1,216 1,135 1,204 1,237

Unemployment rate......................... 4.4 3.8 4.1 4.5 4.5 4.2 3.9 4.1 4.2

Not in labor force................................. 14,293 14,272 14,223 14,326 14,642 14,548 14,435 14,328 14,314

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 15,599 15,858 16,015 15,595 15,651 15,718 15,791 15,841 15,989

Participation rate............................... 80.1 80.2 80.8 80.1 79.6 79.8 80.0 80.1 80.7

Employed....................................... 15,080 15,377 15,551 15,063 15,017 15,186 15,320 15,307 15,504

Employment-population ratio............... 77.4 77.7 78.4 77.3 76.4 77.1 77.6 77.4 78.2

Unemployed.................................... 519 481 464 533 634 532 471 533 485

Unemployment rate......................... 3.3 3.0 2.9 3.4 4.0 3.4 3.0 3.4 3.0

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 11,945 12,376 12,294 11,857 11,929 12,113 12,191 12,327 12,197

Participation rate............................... 60.6 61.8 61.3 60.2 60.0 60.8 61.0 61.6 60.8

Employed....................................... 11,395 11,922 11,771 11,308 11,480 11,604 11,724 11,844 11,676

Employment-population ratio............... 57.8 59.5 58.7 57.4 57.7 58.2 58.7 59.2 58.2

Unemployed.................................... 550 455 522 550 449 509 467 483 520

Unemployment rate......................... 4.6 3.7 4.2 4.6 3.8 4.2 3.8 3.9 4.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................ 1,310 1,307 1,370 1,367 1,316 1,251 1,305 1,318 1,402

Participation rate............................... 33.0 32.6 34.1 34.5 33.0 31.3 32.6 32.9 34.9

Employed....................................... 1,110 1,121 1,150 1,154 1,084 1,076 1,108 1,130 1,170

Employment-population ratio............... 28.0 27.9 28.6 29.1 27.2 26.9 27.7 28.2 29.2

Unemployed.................................... 200 187 221 214 232 175 197 188 232

Unemployment rate......................... 15.3 14.3 16.1 15.6 17.6 14.0 15.1 14.3 16.5

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2018

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

July

2019

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................. 10,254 9,588 9,778 10,191 9,975 10,032 9,929 9,786 9,748

Participation rate.................................. 47.0 46.3 46.6 46.7 47.1 47.1 46.0 47.2 46.5

Employed.......................................... 9,700 9,137 9,279 9,619 9,466 9,490 9,448 9,242 9,231

Employment-population ratio................. 44.4 44.1 44.2 44.0 44.7 44.6 43.7 44.6 44.0

Unemployed....................................... 554 452 498 572 509 542 480 544 517

Unemployment rate............................ 5.4 4.7 5.1 5.6 5.1 5.4 4.8 5.6 5.3

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................. 35,967 36,439 36,238 35,901 36,286 36,318 36,313 36,270 36,202

Participation rate.................................. 57.7 58.0 58.1 57.6 57.5 57.3 57.8 57.8 58.0

Employed.......................................... 34,764 35,160 34,977 34,631 34,982 35,023 35,005 34,941 34,872

Employment-population ratio................. 55.8 56.0 56.1 55.6 55.4 55.3 55.7 55.7 55.9

Unemployed....................................... 1,203 1,279 1,260 1,271 1,304 1,295 1,308 1,328 1,329

Unemployment rate............................ 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................. 37,649 37,881 37,626 37,471 37,222 37,710 37,452 37,581 37,451

Participation rate.................................. 65.6 65.3 65.0 65.3 65.0 65.6 65.1 64.8 64.7

Employed.......................................... 36,516 36,862 36,572 36,293 36,028 36,549 36,363 36,510 36,354

Employment-population ratio................. 63.6 63.6 63.2 63.2 62.9 63.6 63.2 63.0 62.8

Unemployed....................................... 1,133 1,018 1,054 1,178 1,194 1,161 1,089 1,072 1,097

Unemployment rate............................ 3.0 2.7 2.8 3.1 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.9

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................. 58,392 59,700 60,112 58,451 58,664 58,800 59,080 59,517 59,932

Participation rate.................................. 73.7 74.0 74.2 73.8 73.4 73.9 73.9 73.8 74.0

Employed.......................................... 57,194 58,520 59,024 57,150 57,399 57,551 57,884 58,274 58,753

Employment-population ratio................. 72.2 72.6 72.8 72.1 71.8 72.3 72.4 72.3 72.5

Unemployed....................................... 1,198 1,180 1,088 1,301 1,265 1,249 1,196 1,243 1,178

Unemployment rate............................ 2.1 2.0 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.0

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2

Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2019

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,060 18,681 17,187 16,789 1,873 1,892

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,458 9,119 8,297 8,028 1,162 1,092

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.6 48.8 48.3 47.8 62.0 57.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,167 8,812 8,040 7,776 1,127 1,036

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.1 47.2 46.8 46.3 60.2 54.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291 307 257 252 35 55

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 3.4 3.1 3.1 3.0 5.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,602 9,562 8,890 8,761 711 800

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,226 4,407 3,506 3,623 720 784

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,489 3,456 2,957 2,920 533 537

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.6 78.4 84.3 80.6 73.9 68.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,370 3,293 2,859 2,799 511 494

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.7 74.7 81.5 77.3 70.9 63.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 163 98 120 22 43

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 4.7 3.3 4.1 4.1 8.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737 950 549 703 188 247

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,074 3,051 2,587 2,593 487 458

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,382 2,258 2,032 1,951 350 307

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.5 74.0 78.5 75.2 71.8 67.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,321 2,204 1,977 1,905 344 299

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.5 72.2 76.4 73.5 70.6 65.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 54 55 46 6 8

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 2.4 2.7 2.3 1.7 2.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 692 794 555 642 137 151

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,469 7,061 7,213 6,816 256 245

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,600 1,467 1,532 1,420 68 48

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.4 20.8 21.2 20.8 26.5 19.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,565 1,424 1,497 1,376 68 48

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.0 20.2 20.8 20.2 26.5 19.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 43 35 43 0 0

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 3.0 2.3 3.1 – –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,869 5,594 5,681 5,396 188 197

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,291 4,162 3,881 3,757 410 405

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,988 1,938 1,776 1,737 212 200

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.3 46.6 45.8 46.2 51.6 49.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,912 1,891 1,708 1,695 204 195

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.6 45.4 44.0 45.1 49.9 48.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 47 68 42 7 5

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.8 2.4 3.8 2.4 3.4 2.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,303 2,224 2,105 2,020 198 205

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230,685 232,369 103,394 104,484 127,291 127,884

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151,133 153,091 76,761 77,827 74,372 75,264

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.5 65.9 74.2 74.5 58.4 58.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146,041 148,219 74,218 75,335 71,823 72,884

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.3 63.8 71.8 72.1 56.4 57.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,093 4,873 2,543 2,492 2,549 2,380

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79,552 79,277 26,633 26,657 52,919 52,620

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the

U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August

1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service

periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the

selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not

shown where base is less than 75,000). Updated population controls introduced with the release of January 2020 data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2019

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population...................................................... 30,390 30,673 228,317 229,347

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 6,397 6,362 156,267 158,024

Participation rate..................................................................... 21.1 20.7 68.4 68.9

Employed............................................................................. 5,904 5,926 151,111 153,019

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 19.4 19.3 66.2 66.7

Unemployed.......................................................................... 494 436 5,156 5,005

Unemployment rate............................................................... 7.7 6.9 3.3 3.2

Not in labor force....................................................................... 23,993 24,311 72,050 71,323

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,670 2,869 77,695 77,915

Participation rate..................................................................... 35.3 37.2 82.4 82.9

Employed............................................................................. 2,460 2,671 75,127 75,411

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 32.5 34.6 79.7 80.2

Unemployed.......................................................................... 210 198 2,568 2,504

Unemployment rate............................................................... 7.9 6.9 3.3 3.2

Not in labor force....................................................................... 4,897 4,840 16,600 16,093

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,491 2,274 69,459 70,296

Participation rate..................................................................... 31.7 30.3 71.6 72.3

Employed............................................................................. 2,266 2,085 67,115 68,056

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 28.9 27.7 69.1 70.0

Unemployed.......................................................................... 225 189 2,343 2,240

Unemployment rate............................................................... 9.0 8.3 3.4 3.2

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,361 5,243 27,604 26,869

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 1,237 1,219 9,113 9,813

Participation rate..................................................................... 8.3 7.9 24.7 25.7

Employed............................................................................. 1,178 1,169 8,868 9,552

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 7.9 7.6 24.0 25.0

Unemployed.......................................................................... 59 49 245 260

Unemployment rate............................................................... 4.8 4.1 2.7 2.7

Not in labor force....................................................................... 13,735 14,229 27,846 28,360

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty

seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or

emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as

visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2019

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 43,310 42,876 20,898 20,676 22,412 22,200

Civilian labor force.................................................. 28,717 28,468 16,401 16,265 12,316 12,203

Participation rate.................................................. 66.3 66.4 78.5 78.7 55.0 55.0

Employed.......................................................... 27,805 27,693 15,951 15,877 11,854 11,816

Employment-population ratio................................. 64.2 64.6 76.3 76.8 52.9 53.2

Unemployed....................................................... 912 775 451 389 462 386

Unemployment rate............................................ 3.2 2.7 2.7 2.4 3.7 3.2

Not in labor force.................................................... 14,593 14,408 4,497 4,410 10,096 9,998

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 215,398 217,144 104,239 105,097 111,159 112,047

Civilian labor force.................................................. 133,948 135,918 69,572 70,598 64,375 65,319

Participation rate.................................................. 62.2 62.6 66.7 67.2 57.9 58.3

Employed.......................................................... 129,210 131,252 67,082 68,097 62,128 63,155

Employment-population ratio................................. 60.0 60.4 64.4 64.8 55.9 56.4

Unemployed....................................................... 4,738 4,666 2,490 2,502 2,248 2,164

Unemployment rate............................................ 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.3

Not in labor force.................................................... 81,450 81,226 34,667 34,499 46,784 46,727

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States

or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born

in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2018

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

July

2019

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................. 2,553 2,553 2,363 2,556 2,402 2,400 2,404 2,461 2,363

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 1,784 1,738 1,676 1,772 1,577 1,560 1,610 1,630 1,635

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 742 786 663 768 779 789 769 796 684

Unpaid family workers........................... 27 30 24 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries.......................... 154,461 156,513 156,581 154,297 154,904 155,528 155,830 155,998 156,207

Wage and salary workers1...................... 145,430 147,522 147,544 145,313 145,880 146,480 146,837 147,161 147,293

Government..................................... 21,270 21,598 21,619 21,054 20,823 20,913 21,088 21,469 21,342

Private industries............................... 124,161 125,924 125,925 124,365 125,012 125,602 125,756 125,805 126,021

Private households.......................... 811 784 824 – – – – – –

Other industries.............................. 123,349 125,140 125,101 123,512 124,224 124,745 124,867 124,974 125,177

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 8,961 8,926 8,954 8,889 8,945 8,891 8,843 8,802 8,856

Unpaid family workers........................... 69 66 83 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 4,558 4,046 4,110 4,781 3,984 4,381 4,350 4,438 4,322

Slack work or business conditions............. 2,760 2,533 2,512 2,882 2,385 2,678 2,588 2,754 2,633

Could only find part-time work.................. 1,541 1,268 1,249 1,562 1,364 1,351 1,322 1,287 1,268

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 21,930 22,088 22,482 20,909 21,437 21,697 21,573 21,549 21,534

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 4,512 3,961 4,053 4,726 3,878 4,295 4,264 4,337 4,251

Slack work or business conditions............. 2,719 2,469 2,476 2,843 2,323 2,634 2,537 2,692 2,595

Could only find part-time work.................. 1,541 1,258 1,246 1,571 1,350 1,337 1,311 1,275 1,263

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 21,539 21,679 22,109 20,521 21,049 21,322 21,190 21,138 21,166

1

Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for

the entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business

conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or

training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to

34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2018

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

July

2019

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157,015 159,067 158,945 156,803 157,288 157,878 158,269 158,510 158,593

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,941 5,050 5,055 5,221 5,239 5,184 5,160 5,217 5,285

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,807 1,854 1,914 1,915 1,704 1,835 1,797 1,835 1,981

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,134 3,197 3,141 3,295 3,559 3,360 3,321 3,404 3,322

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152,073 154,016 153,890 151,582 152,050 152,694 153,109 153,293 153,308

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,899 14,337 14,037 13,942 14,233 14,057 14,297 14,363 14,110

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138,174 139,679 139,852 137,615 137,837 138,508 138,742 138,999 139,170

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,273 101,942 102,027 100,844 100,373 101,042 101,151 101,414 101,512

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,779 36,230 36,351 35,672 35,486 35,937 35,910 36,057 36,176

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,958 33,594 33,459 32,796 33,044 33,149 33,377 33,393 33,301

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,537 32,118 32,217 32,376 31,842 31,956 31,864 31,964 32,035

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,901 37,738 37,826 36,771 37,464 37,467 37,592 37,585 37,658

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83,033 83,918 83,973 83,194 83,584 83,600 83,732 83,753 84,060

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,397 2,485 2,509 2,561 2,603 2,561 2,597 2,572 2,639

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 775 868 862 848 855 894 895 899 930

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,622 1,617 1,647 1,711 1,762 1,657 1,679 1,684 1,710

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,636 81,433 81,464 80,633 80,981 81,039 81,135 81,181 81,421

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,019 7,157 7,073 7,089 7,228 7,099 7,218 7,215 7,158

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,617 74,276 74,391 73,519 73,761 73,827 73,871 73,966 74,223

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,032 54,139 54,247 53,933 53,688 53,749 53,843 53,941 54,104

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,205 19,353 19,451 19,201 19,088 19,194 19,182 19,305 19,411

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,698 17,954 17,915 17,664 17,790 17,764 17,926 17,877 17,892

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,128 16,832 16,880 17,068 16,810 16,791 16,735 16,759 16,801

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,585 20,137 20,144 19,587 20,073 20,078 20,028 20,026 20,119

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,982 75,149 74,971 73,609 73,705 74,278 74,537 74,757 74,533

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,544 2,565 2,546 2,660 2,636 2,623 2,563 2,645 2,645

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,032 985 1,052 1,067 849 941 901 937 1,051

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,512 1,580 1,494 1,584 1,797 1,703 1,641 1,720 1,612

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,438 72,584 72,426 70,949 71,069 71,655 71,974 72,112 71,888

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,880 7,180 6,964 6,853 7,005 6,958 7,079 7,148 6,952

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,557 65,403 65,461 64,096 64,076 64,682 64,871 65,033 64,947

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,242 47,803 47,780 46,912 46,685 47,293 47,308 47,473 47,408

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,573 16,877 16,900 16,471 16,398 16,743 16,728 16,752 16,765

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,260 15,640 15,543 15,132 15,254 15,385 15,451 15,517 15,409

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,408 15,286 15,337 15,308 15,032 15,165 15,129 15,204 15,234

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,316 17,601 17,681 17,184 17,392 17,389 17,563 17,560 17,539

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46,164 46,113 46,035 46,204 46,005 46,215 46,009 45,946 46,042

Married women, spouse present1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,521 36,933 36,896 36,220 36,110 36,366 36,432 36,696 36,575

Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,816 9,791 9,618 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129,464 131,990 131,385 129,774 130,429 130,789 131,094 131,545 131,562

Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,551 27,077 27,560 27,017 26,861 26,974 27,095 27,021 26,992

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,934 8,351 8,279 7,749 8,389 8,373 8,357 8,158 8,125

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 5.3 5.2 4.9 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.1 5.1

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,226 6,358 6,299 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,703 9,712 9,618 9,657 9,724 9,681 9,612 9,599 9,540

1 Refers to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.

2 Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.

3 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

4 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Nov.

2018

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

July

2019

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over........................... 6,018 5,855 5,811 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.5

16 to 19 years..................................... 714 729 718 12.0 12.8 12.6 12.5 12.3 12.0

16 to 17 years.................................. 291 299 283 13.2 15.5 12.9 13.1 14.0 12.5

18 to 19 years.................................. 430 435 436 11.5 10.9 12.0 12.2 11.3 11.6

20 years and over................................ 5,305 5,126 5,093 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.2

20 to 24 years.................................. 979 948 970 6.6 6.8 7.0 6.3 6.2 6.4

25 years and over.............................. 4,314 4,153 4,124 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.9

25 to 54 years............................... 3,218 3,154 3,106 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.0

25 to 34 years............................. 1,360 1,399 1,338 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.6

35 to 44 years............................. 979 901 927 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.7

45 to 54 years............................. 879 854 840 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.6

55 years and over........................... 1,084 1,004 1,004 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.6 2.6

Men, 16 years and over............................ 3,136 3,132 3,094 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.5

16 to 19 years..................................... 360 411 408 12.3 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8 13.4

16 to 17 years.................................. 147 150 152 14.8 15.3 14.4 13.1 14.3 14.0

18 to 19 years.................................. 214 257 255 11.1 11.8 13.3 14.1 13.2 13.0

20 years and over................................ 2,775 2,721 2,685 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.2

20 to 24 years.................................. 556 589 564 7.3 7.6 7.9 7.2 7.6 7.3

25 years and over.............................. 2,217 2,114 2,132 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.8

25 to 54 years............................... 1,631 1,617 1,593 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.9

25 to 34 years............................. 655 743 742 3.3 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.7

35 to 44 years............................. 526 435 467 2.9 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.5

45 to 54 years............................. 450 439 384 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.2

55 years and over........................... 587 497 539 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.6

Women, 16 years and over........................ 2,883 2,723 2,718 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.5

16 to 19 years..................................... 353 319 310 11.7 12.1 11.6 11.2 10.7 10.5

16 to 17 years.................................. 144 149 132 11.9 15.7 11.6 13.2 13.7 11.1

18 to 19 years.................................. 216 178 180 12.0 10.1 10.8 10.1 9.4 10.1

20 years and over................................ 2,529 2,405 2,408 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.2

20 to 24 years.................................. 423 359 405 5.8 5.9 6.2 5.4 4.8 5.5

25 years and over.............................. 2,097 2,039 1,992 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.0

25 to 54 years............................... 1,587 1,537 1,513 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 3.1 3.1

25 to 34 years............................. 706 656 596 4.1 3.8 3.5 3.3 3.8 3.4

35 to 44 years............................. 453 466 460 2.9 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9

45 to 54 years............................. 429 415 457 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.7 2.9

55 years and over........................... 498 491 472 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.6

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present1

.................... 923 818 916 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 2.0

Married women, spouse present1................. 871 845 853 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3

Women who maintain families2.................... 558 558 480 5.4 6.0 5.1 4.7 5.4 4.8

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers3................................... 4,739 4,788 4,763 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.5

Part-time workers4.................................. 1,280 1,067 1,063 4.5 4.3 4.4 3.9 3.8 3.8

1 Refers to persons in opposite-sex couples only.

2 Data are not seasonally adjusted. Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.

3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time

jobs.

4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from

part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2018

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

July

2019

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 2,598 2,340 2,561 2,842 2,798 2,876 2,572 2,674 2,806

On temporary layoff.............................. 699 468 638 804 836 817 731 762 756

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 1,899 1,872 1,923 2,038 1,963 2,059 1,841 1,912 2,051

Permanent job losers.......................... 1,242 1,216 1,336 1,337 1,361 1,397 1,308 1,259 1,433

Persons who completed temporary jobs. . .. 657 656 587 701 602 661 532 653 618

Job leavers........................................... 699 859 759 697 833 781 840 849 777

Reentrants............................................ 1,829 1,719 1,599 1,880 1,810 1,801 1,669 1,703 1,664

New entrants......................................... 524 592 522 577 595 574 677 627 586

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 46.0 42.5 47.1 47.4 46.4 47.7 44.7 45.7 48.1

On temporary layoff.............................. 12.4 8.5 11.7 13.4 13.8 13.6 12.7 13.0 13.0

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 33.6 34.0 35.4 34.0 32.5 34.1 32.0 32.7 35.2

Job leavers........................................... 12.4 15.6 13.9 11.6 13.8 12.9 14.6 14.5 13.3

Reentrants............................................ 32.4 31.2 29.4 31.4 30.0 29.9 29.0 29.1 28.5

New entrants......................................... 9.3 10.7 9.6 9.6 9.9 9.5 11.8 10.7 10.0

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.7

Job leavers........................................... 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Reentrants............................................ 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0

New entrants......................................... 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2018

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

July

2019

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 1,974 1,755 1,871 2,128 2,201 2,207 1,868 1,968 2,020

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 1,670 1,651 1,609 1,842 1,797 1,757 1,781 1,749 1,757

15 weeks and over.................................. 2,005 2,104 1,962 2,124 2,071 2,078 2,132 2,163 2,096

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 817 856 818 865 905 835 819 899 872

27 weeks and over............................... 1,188 1,249 1,143 1,259 1,166 1,243 1,314 1,264 1,224

Average (mean) duration, in weeks............... 22.7 23.1 20.8 21.7 19.6 22.1 22.0 21.8 20.2

Median duration, in weeks......................... 8.9 9.8 9.3 9.0 8.9 8.9 9.4 9.3 9.4

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 34.9 31.9 34.4 34.9 36.3 36.5 32.3 33.5 34.4

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 29.6 30.0 29.6 30.2 29.6 29.1 30.8 29.7 29.9

15 weeks and over.................................. 35.5 38.2 36.1 34.9 34.1 34.4 36.9 36.8 35.7

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 14.5 15.5 15.0 14.2 14.9 13.8 14.2 15.3 14.8

27 weeks and over............................... 21.0 22.7 21.0 20.7 19.2 20.6 22.7 21.5 20.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2019

Total, 16 years and over1............................................. 157,015 158,945 5,650 5,441 3.5 3.3

Management, professional, and related occupations........... 63,084 65,548 1,330 1,208 2.1 1.8

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations..................................................... 26,248 27,476 557 453 2.1 1.6

Professional and related occupations.......................... 36,836 38,072 773 755 2.1 1.9

Service occupations................................................ 26,724 26,915 1,154 1,141 4.1 4.1

Sales and office occupations...................................... 33,753 33,393 1,224 1,098 3.5 3.2

Sales and related occupations.................................. 15,995 15,627 620 531 3.7 3.3

Office and administrative support occupations............... 17,758 17,766 604 567 3.3 3.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations........................................................ 14,819 14,410 677 655 4.4 4.3

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.................... 1,185 1,067 129 134 9.8 11.1

Construction and extraction occupations...................... 8,636 8,242 400 437 4.4 5.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations........... 4,998 5,101 148 84 2.9 1.6

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations........................................................ 18,635 18,679 723 802 3.7 4.1

Production occupations.......................................... 8,797 8,586 307 334 3.4 3.7

Transportation and material moving occupations............ 9,837 10,093 415 468 4.0 4.4

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2019

Total, 16 years and over1................................................................ 5,650 5,441 3.5 3.3

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers.................................. 4,366 4,165 3.4 3.2

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.................................... 16 24 1.9 3.2

Construction.......................................................................... 375 428 3.9 4.4

Manufacturing........................................................................ 465 427 2.9 2.7

Durable goods..................................................................... 273 290 2.7 2.9

Nondurable goods................................................................ 192 137 3.2 2.4

Wholesale and retail trade......................................................... 803 684 3.9 3.4

Transportation and utilities......................................................... 256 220 3.7 3.0

Information............................................................................ 95 39 3.8 1.6

Financial activities................................................................... 213 221 2.1 2.1

Professional and business services............................................... 618 641 3.6 3.6

Education and health services..................................................... 563 586 2.3 2.3

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 729 683 5.3 4.9

Other services........................................................................ 231 212 3.3 3.1

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers......................... 126 136 6.7 7.7

Government workers................................................................... 428 408 2.0 1.8

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............ 206 211 2.1 2.1

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2018

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

July

2019

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019

Nov.

2019

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,

as a percent of the civilian labor force......... 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force......................................... 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.7

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate)................................................ 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.5

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged

workers, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus discouraged workers................. 3.7 3.5 3.5 4.0 3.9 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.7

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged

workers, plus all other persons marginally

attached to the labor force, as a percent of

the civilian labor force plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . .. 4.5 4.1 4.0 4.7 4.6 4.6 4.3 4.3 4.3

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic

reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus all persons marginally attached to

the labor force..................................... 7.2 6.5 6.5 7.6 7.0 7.2 6.9 7.0 6.9

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and

are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have

given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are

available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2019

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force........................................... 96,043 95,634 39,163 38,909 56,880 56,725

Persons who currently want a job................................ 5,060 4,515 2,460 2,190 2,600 2,325

Marginally attached to the labor force1........................ 1,678 1,246 946 700 731 546

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 453 325 294 203 159 122

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. .. 1,225 921 652 497 573 424

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4

............................................. 7,934 8,279 3,860 4,046 4,074 4,233

Percent of total employed.......................................... 5.1 5.2 4.6 4.8 5.5 5.6

Primary job full time, secondary job part time................... 4,516 4,601 2,417 2,471 2,099 2,130

Primary and secondary jobs both part time..................... 2,081 2,167 689 734 1,392 1,433

Primary and secondary jobs both full time....................... 287 295 192 217 95 78

Hours vary on primary or secondary job......................... 993 1,186 541 605 452 581

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference

week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks

schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and

transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4

Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Change

from:

Oct.2019 -

Nov.2019p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151,375 152,016 153,002 153,624 150,048 151,830 151,986 152,252 266

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128,415 129,394 129,996 130,500 127,566 129,191 129,354 129,608 254

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,991 21,335 21,294 21,211 20,921 21,115 21,090 21,138 48

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 751 754 760 747 748 746 750 743 -7

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.4 49.9 52.6 52.8 46.5 48.7 51.4 51.3 -0.1

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 703.4 704.2 706.9 694.1 701.0 697.7 698.8 691.9 -6.9

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148.6 164.3 165.9 165.6 147.9 163.9 165.6 164.8 -0.8

Mining, except oil and gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194.7 194.9 194.5 192.3 194.1 192.6 192.2 191.8 -0.4

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.3 53.2 53.1 53.4 52.3 53.2 53.1 53.4 0.3

Metal ore mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.7 39.7 39.6 38.5 41.0 39.8 39.8 38.8 -1.0

Nonmetallic mineral mining and

quarrying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.7 102.0 101.8 100.4 100.8 99.6 99.3 99.5 0.2

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360.1 345.0 346.5 336.2 359.0 341.2 341.0 335.3 -5.7

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,457 7,697 7,715 7,602 7,384 7,515 7,529 7,530 1

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,658.3 1,685.4 1,693.4 1,674.7 1,648.1 1,663.0 1,664.9 1,664.1 -0.8

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 827.1 852.3 857.9 852.6 822.0 842.8 845.3 847.1 1.8

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 831.2 833.1 835.5 822.1 826.1 820.2 819.6 817.0 -2.6

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . 1,089.3 1,143.9 1,147.7 1,109.8 1,071.7 1,082.0 1,087.4 1,089.5 2.1

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,709.1 4,867.2 4,873.7 4,817.8 4,663.8 4,770.1 4,776.2 4,776.0 -0.2

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . 2,067.1 2,109.1 2,114.3 2,089.3 2,050.3 2,072.0 2,074.9 2,072.6 -2.3

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 2,642.0 2,758.1 2,759.4 2,728.5 2,613.5 2,698.1 2,701.3 2,703.4 2.1

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,783 12,884 12,819 12,862 12,789 12,854 12,811 12,865 54

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,018 8,064 8,010 8,056 8,022 8,066 8,016 8,060 44

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409.4 412.4 413.3 412.8 408.9 410.8 411.6 411.8 0.2

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419.0 420.8 424.1 421.4 418.0 417.1 418.7 418.6 -0.1

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380.2 377.4 371.4 372.0 381.1 378.2 372.8 373.5 0.7

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,475.3 1,478.3 1,477.4 1,479.1 1,476.2 1,480.3 1,480.3 1,480.6 0.3

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,132.0 1,128.0 1,125.6 1,122.4 1,134.6 1,131.6 1,129.9 1,125.6 -4.3

Computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . . 1,061.4 1,091.2 1,090.6 1,092.8 1,063.4 1,092.4 1,092.0 1,094.7 2.7

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . 157.7 163.8 163.7 163.2 157.9 163.4 163.4 163.1 -0.3

Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.8 86.1 86.0 86.4 85.8 86.3 86.2 86.4 0.2

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370.3 380.0 377.8 379.5 371.3 380.7 379.4 380.7 1.3

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413.6 426.9 429.3 429.4 414.8 428.1 429.6 430.6 1.0

Miscellaneous computer and electronic

products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.0 34.4 33.8 34.3 33.7 33.9 33.5 34.0 0.5

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . 404.2 403.2 402.8 403.4 404.6 402.8 403.1 403.3 0.2

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,728.6 1,742.2 1,696.0 1,741.1 1,728.7 1,740.9 1,699.3 1,741.4 42.1

Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,004.0 992.2 947.2 990.6 1,003.9 992.0 949.2 990.5 41.3

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394.1 392.7 391.7 393.4 395.1 393.5 392.1 394.3 2.2

Miscellaneous durable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613.9 617.4 617.2 617.8 611.5 618.1 616.4 615.9 -0.5

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,765 4,820 4,809 4,806 4,767 4,788 4,795 4,805 10

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,628.8 1,665.4 1,661.6 1,657.5 1,630.1 1,641.8 1,649.8 1,656.0 6.2

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112.9 111.0 110.6 109.9 112.6 110.9 110.4 109.8 -0.6

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.0 112.6 113.4 114.1 115.7 112.3 113.4 113.8 0.4

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109.7 105.2 104.5 102.4 109.1 105.2 104.2 102.2 -2.0

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368.4 369.0 368.9 368.2 369.2 369.3 370.0 369.3 -0.7

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . 429.4 420.5 419.4 418.6 427.4 419.4 418.1 416.8 -1.3

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114.6 117.6 116.0 114.0 115.1 114.7 113.9 114.4 0.5

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 847.2 858.4 857.3 859.7 849.5 860.2 860.4 862.2 1.8

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 735.9 738.8 737.2 742.7 736.2 740.1 740.7 742.6 1.9

Miscellaneous nondurable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301.8 321.1 319.6 319.3 302.1 314.0 313.9 318.3 4.4

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107,424 108,059 108,702 109,289 106,645 108,076 108,264 108,470 206

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,387 27,703 27,914 28,500 27,783 27,834 27,870 27,884 14

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,903.1 5,945.9 5,964.5 5,965.0 5,888.8 5,946.7 5,956.7 5,952.4 -4.3

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,181.6 3,226.6 3,231.5 3,228.2 3,180.6 3,226.6 3,233.0 3,227.4 -5.6

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,168.5 2,167.2 2,175.0 2,177.6 2,157.2 2,167.8 2,166.6 2,168.2 1.6

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Change

from:

Oct.2019 -

Nov.2019p

Wholesale trade - Continued

Electronic markets and agents and

brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553.0 552.1 558.0 559.2 551.0 552.3 557.1 556.8 -0.3

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,291.3 15,637.9 15,794.0 16,260.4 15,826.9 15,771.5 15,793.5 15,795.5 2.0

Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,028.1 2,070.1 2,068.6 2,073.8 2,027.7 2,062.9 2,064.3 2,072.2 7.9

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,302.4 1,314.6 1,311.5 1,311.5 1,300.7 1,310.5 1,308.4 1,310.2 1.8

Other motor vehicle dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154.2 163.1 161.0 158.7 159.0 161.2 161.7 162.9 1.2

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores. . . 571.5 592.4 596.1 603.6 568.0 591.1 594.2 599.1 4.9

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . 500.2 477.1 482.8 497.0 483.4 483.9 481.5 481.3 -0.2

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 484.7 455.9 469.3 483.6 468.8 463.2 467.6 466.5 -1.1

Building material and garden supply

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,270.5 1,298.0 1,292.9 1,286.2 1,300.0 1,318.7 1,317.2 1,316.5 -0.7

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,122.9 3,116.4 3,138.7 3,167.0 3,099.4 3,131.5 3,138.5 3,141.4 2.9

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,082.9 1,028.7 1,052.3 1,070.7 1,064.8 1,040.8 1,052.8 1,048.8 -4.0

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 942.6 959.1 961.2 962.6 939.4 956.5 959.3 959.2 -0.1

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . 1,479.4 1,268.0 1,285.9 1,393.5 1,351.7 1,302.5 1,298.1 1,280.3 -17.8

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591.5 554.5 561.0 598.6 547.0 561.0 560.0 555.3 -4.7

General merchandise stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,333.6 3,018.3 3,072.8 3,300.5 3,128.3 3,055.4 3,060.6 3,082.5 21.9

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,270.7 1,086.1 1,124.8 1,250.6 1,157.5 1,115.8 1,122.1 1,134.1 12.0

General merchandise stores, including

warehouse clubs and supercenters. . . . . 2,062.9 1,932.2 1,948.0 2,049.9 1,970.8 1,939.6 1,938.5 1,948.3 9.8

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 854.6 826.7 832.4 835.3 839.7 824.7 823.0 821.0 -2.0

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600.3 565.1 576.1 591.6 576.7 570.4 570.6 570.5 -0.1

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,638.3 5,569.4 5,605.7 5,725.1 5,512.1 5,563.8 5,569.9 5,585.4 15.5

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502.5 517.5 520.4 518.9 504.6 517.6 521.4 521.4 0.0

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217.0 199.5 196.2 196.2 216.5 199.2 196.1 195.8 -0.3

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.0 65.6 65.8 63.9 64.8 64.6 65.3 64.6 -0.7

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,518.1 1,528.8 1,528.7 1,521.8 1,508.3 1,512.6 1,513.3 1,512.3 -1.0

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504.0 503.6 509.2 508.4 487.6 489.7 490.7 492.0 1.3

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.8 47.7 47.7 47.7 48.0 47.6 47.6 47.8 0.2

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . 30.3 40.4 35.0 31.5 34.9 34.5 34.7 35.8 1.1

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . 725.1 723.3 727.3 728.4 722.5 722.9 723.7 725.5 1.8

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 822.1 747.9 764.9 864.5 750.7 776.6 779.1 784.2 5.1

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,207.4 1,195.1 1,210.5 1,243.8 1,174.2 1,198.5 1,198.0 1,206.0 8.0

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 554.2 549.8 549.3 549.9 554.8 551.6 550.0 550.5 0.5

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,854 2,822 2,828 2,865 2,829 2,828 2,822 2,835 13

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . 737.2 748.3 744.7 744.8 734.2 744.6 742.8 742.0 -0.8

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449.1 423.4 426.2 448.1 433.2 429.0 421.6 428.7 7.1

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274.1 268.4 269.5 270.1 271.9 267.3 267.8 267.9 0.1

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 743.3 704.6 705.8 709.6 740.1 707.5 707.4 706.1 -1.3

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331.1 336.9 340.1 342.3 331.6 337.7 339.3 341.4 2.1

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318.7 340.1 342.0 350.5 318.3 341.8 343.1 349.3 6.2

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,609 8,705 8,732 8,728 8,614 8,701 8,717 8,730 13

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,336.9 6,360.0 6,381.2 6,391.9 6,332.8 6,367.1 6,376.2 6,384.3 8.1

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . 19.6 19.4 19.4 19.3 19.6 19.4 19.4 19.4 0.0

Credit intermediation and related

activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,641.8 2,637.9 2,646.4 2,656.2 2,643.2 2,641.1 2,647.9 2,655.0 7.1

Depository credit intermediation1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,710.4 1,709.1 1,709.4 1,714.4 1,714.2 1,715.0 1,714.9 1,717.4 2.5

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,313.1 1,304.9 1,304.0 1,308.2 1,316.3 1,309.9 1,309.1 1,310.8 1.7

Nondepository credit intermediation. . . . . . . 621.7 624.2 625.5 629.2 619.6 620.7 622.6 626.6 4.0

Activities related to credit intermediation.. . 309.7 304.6 311.5 312.6 309.4 305.4 310.3 311.1 0.8

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . . 968.1 974.7 979.1 975.6 967.4 975.8 976.5 974.6 -1.9

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . 2,707.4 2,728.0 2,736.3 2,740.8 2,702.6 2,730.8 2,732.4 2,735.3 2.9

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,272.5 2,345.2 2,351.0 2,335.6 2,280.7 2,333.6 2,341.2 2,345.4 4.2

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,675.6 1,720.0 1,733.2 1,726.2 1,677.5 1,717.5 1,725.0 1,728.7 3.7

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573.5 602.2 594.6 586.1 580.0 593.0 593.1 593.5 0.4

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Change

from:

Oct.2019 -

Nov.2019p

Real estate and rental and leasing -

Continued

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . 23.4 23.0 23.2 23.3 23.2 23.1 23.1 23.2 0.1

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,444 21,625 21,825 21,869 21,217 21,553 21,596 21,634 38

Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . . 9,442.7 9,559.0 9,660.5 9,724.8 9,417.6 9,646.3 9,665.4 9,696.0 30.6

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,143.1 1,142.5 1,151.9 1,154.1 1,140.9 1,148.2 1,149.0 1,151.9 2.9

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . 1,009.0 995.2 1,011.6 1,041.9 1,028.5 1,059.6 1,061.6 1,062.1 0.5

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . 1,496.0 1,524.3 1,528.9 1,532.9 1,493.3 1,522.6 1,522.2 1,530.6 8.4

Specialized design services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148.1 150.2 153.8 153.9 146.1 150.5 152.6 151.7 -0.9

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,171.5 2,216.2 2,244.4 2,254.4 2,158.0 2,228.2 2,232.4 2,238.2 5.8

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,519.4 1,546.2 1,571.1 1,573.9 1,503.7 1,547.2 1,554.5 1,557.8 3.3

Scientific research and development

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 706.6 732.5 736.5 742.5 706.6 736.1 738.4 742.6 4.2

Advertising and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 492.7 488.0 493.5 494.8 491.5 489.8 491.7 493.0 1.3

Other professional and technical services. . . 756.3 763.9 768.8 776.4 749.1 764.1 763.1 768.2 5.1

Management of companies and enterprises. . . 2,392.4 2,426.6 2,433.8 2,433.2 2,391.9 2,430.4 2,434.2 2,433.8 -0.4

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,609.1 9,639.1 9,730.9 9,711.4 9,407.7 9,476.1 9,496.0 9,504.3 8.3

Administrative and support services. . . . . . . . . 9,164.9 9,173.5 9,264.0 9,243.6 8,962.4 9,012.8 9,030.4 9,035.8 5.4

Office administrative services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 521.1 529.9 533.9 535.0 519.2 530.6 532.8 533.4 0.6

Facilities support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154.7 157.6 160.2 159.2 154.6 156.4 158.6 158.8 0.2

Employment services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,878.8 3,804.3 3,883.9 3,913.6 3,715.1 3,730.0 3,736.7 3,741.0 4.3

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,199.7 3,101.5 3,173.8 3,206.4 3,046.3 3,038.3 3,042.1 3,046.9 4.8

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 923.5 882.4 893.5 905.6 900.3 883.5 879.7 881.9 2.2

Travel arrangement and reservation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216.1 216.3 216.9 217.9 218.1 215.3 216.9 219.1 2.2

Investigation and security services. . . . . . . . 956.2 958.8 964.7 964.6 947.9 951.2 957.7 957.9 0.2

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . 2,188.0 2,279.2 2,265.5 2,204.8 2,177.5 2,203.3 2,206.8 2,198.3 -8.5

Other support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326.5 345.0 345.4 342.9 329.8 342.4 341.4 345.4 4.0

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444.2 465.6 466.9 467.8 445.3 463.3 465.6 468.5 2.9

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,089 24,349 24,652 24,784 23,845 24,420 24,450 24,524 74

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,921.6 3,801.1 3,992.0 4,042.3 3,731.6 3,833.1 3,829.9 3,843.5 13.6

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,167.8 20,548.1 20,659.5 20,741.6 20,113.2 20,587.2 20,620.3 20,680.5 60.2

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,177.2 16,475.7 16,531.4 16,593.3 16,135.2 16,492.3 16,504.2 16,549.4 45.2

Ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . 7,603.1 7,802.6 7,843.7 7,885.8 7,577.3 7,818.7 7,826.3 7,860.2 33.9

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,650.4 2,694.2 2,710.1 2,729.2 2,640.3 2,700.9 2,702.6 2,718.7 16.1

Offices of dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 966.4 983.5 984.0 992.5 964.3 986.9 984.3 990.7 6.4

Offices of other health practitioners. . . . . 951.9 976.4 982.7 982.2 947.0 981.1 980.2 977.8 -2.4

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 950.9 975.0 980.4 983.4 949.1 978.3 980.5 982.2 1.7

Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . . 280.7 294.8 297.4 299.0 281.0 294.7 296.9 299.0 2.1

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,497.1 1,561.2 1,571.7 1,581.7 1,490.4 1,561.2 1,566.0 1,574.5 8.5

Other ambulatory health care

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305.7 317.5 317.4 317.8 305.2 315.6 315.8 317.4 1.6

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,198.6 5,270.5 5,279.7 5,295.5 5,188.9 5,269.3 5,273.3 5,283.2 9.9

Nursing and residential care facilities. . . . . 3,375.5 3,402.6 3,408.0 3,412.0 3,369.0 3,404.3 3,404.6 3,406.0 1.4

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,611.5 1,610.9 1,606.6 1,607.2 1,607.0 1,610.2 1,605.2 1,603.5 -1.7

Residential mental health facilities. . . . . . 644.6 652.7 656.0 657.8 644.8 654.4 656.5 657.7 1.2

Community care facilities for the

elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 951.9 967.7 973.9 975.0 949.8 968.7 971.6 973.0 1.4

Other residential care facilities. . . . . . . . . . 167.5 171.3 171.5 172.0 167.4 171.1 171.3 171.8 0.5

Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,990.6 4,072.4 4,128.1 4,148.3 3,978.0 4,094.9 4,116.1 4,131.1 15.0

Individual and family services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,500.3 2,570.7 2,609.6 2,622.6 2,500.0 2,590.5 2,607.8 2,618.9 11.1

Emergency and other relief services. . . . . . 178.4 178.8 178.8 179.7 178.3 179.2 179.1 179.4 0.3

Vocational rehabilitation services. . . . . . . . . 330.3 326.1 330.4 331.0 330.4 327.5 330.4 330.6 0.2

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 981.6 996.8 1,009.3 1,015.0 969.2 997.7 998.9 1,002.3 3.4

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,182 16,922 16,806 16,601 16,489 16,794 16,864 16,909 45

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,261.2 2,518.4 2,443.5 2,329.9 2,433.3 2,480.3 2,487.8 2,503.5 15.7

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . 500.5 536.6 522.2 503.1 516.0 523.0 513.3 518.6 5.3

Museums, historical sites, and similar

institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168.7 177.5 177.6 174.2 174.1 176.0 177.5 179.2 1.7

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Change

from:

Oct.2019 -

Nov.2019p

Arts, entertainment, and recreation -

Continued

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . 1,592.0 1,804.3 1,743.7 1,652.6 1,743.2 1,781.3 1,797.0 1,805.7 8.7

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . 13,920.6 14,403.1 14,362.8 14,271.5 14,055.6 14,313.8 14,376.6 14,405.4 28.8

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,969.2 2,093.0 2,055.1 2,009.9 2,029.5 2,053.7 2,067.1 2,070.6 3.5

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 11,951.4 12,310.1 12,307.7 12,261.6 12,026.1 12,260.1 12,309.5 12,334.8 25.3

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,859 5,933 5,945 5,942 5,868 5,946 5,945 5,954 9

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,330.6 1,368.0 1,373.0 1,369.9 1,335.1 1,368.1 1,371.2 1,374.2 3.0

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,525.5 1,535.2 1,534.4 1,536.2 1,521.1 1,535.1 1,531.6 1,533.6 2.0

Membership associations and organizations. . . 3,003.2 3,029.8 3,037.2 3,036.1 3,011.5 3,043.2 3,042.6 3,046.1 3.5

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,960 22,622 23,006 23,124 22,482 22,639 22,632 22,644 12

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,807.0 2,846.0 2,832.0 2,834.0 2,804.0 2,846.0 2,830.0 2,829.0 -1.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,191.2 2,243.0 2,225.4 2,218.9 2,193.0 2,238.5 2,222.1 2,220.2 -1.9

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615.9 603.3 606.5 614.6 611.0 607.0 607.9 608.6 0.7

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,361.0 5,246.0 5,359.0 5,379.0 5,180.0 5,190.0 5,195.0 5,195.0 0.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,671.7 2,534.1 2,649.5 2,673.7 2,483.8 2,480.7 2,480.8 2,484.1 3.3

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 2,689.7 2,711.4 2,709.3 2,705.3 2,695.9 2,708.9 2,714.0 2,710.5 -3.5

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,792.0 14,530.0 14,815.0 14,911.0 14,498.0 14,603.0 14,607.0 14,620.0 13.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,303.7 7,968.1 8,284.4 8,377.9 7,970.4 8,031.5 8,030.8 8,037.9 7.1

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 6,488.1 6,561.4 6,530.9 6,533.0 6,527.7 6,571.3 6,575.8 6,582.2 6.4

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3

Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 34.4 34.4 34.4 34.4

Goods-producing.................................................................... 40.2 40.5 40.2 40.2

Mining and logging................................................................ 45.9 46.2 46.3 46.2

Construction....................................................................... 38.7 39.8 39.2 39.1

Manufacturing..................................................................... 40.8 40.5 40.4 40.5

Durable goods.................................................................. 41.1 41.0 40.8 40.9

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 40.2 39.8 39.6 39.7

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.3 33.2 33.2 33.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 34.5 34.2 34.2 34.1

Wholesale trade................................................................ 39.0 38.9 39.0 39.0

Retail trade...................................................................... 30.9 30.7 30.6 30.5

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 39.1 38.4 38.4 38.4

Utilities........................................................................... 42.4 42.2 42.3 42.8

Information......................................................................... 36.1 36.5 36.4 36.3

Financial activities................................................................ 37.6 37.5 37.7 37.8

Professional and business services............................................ 36.1 36.1 36.2 36.2

Education and health services.................................................. 32.9 33.0 33.0 33.1

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 25.9 25.9 25.8 25.8

Other services..................................................................... 31.9 31.8 31.8 31.9

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.1

Durable goods....................................................................... 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.1

Nondurable goods................................................................... 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.2

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Total private............................................... $27.43 $28.12 $28.22 $28.29 $943.59 $967.33 $970.77 $973.18

Goods-producing....................................... 28.49 29.21 29.28 29.38 1,145.30 1,183.01 1,177.06 1,181.08

Mining and logging.................................. 32.84 34.56 34.93 34.85 1,507.36 1,596.67 1,617.26 1,610.07

Construction.......................................... 30.26 30.86 30.96 31.08 1,171.06 1,228.23 1,213.63 1,215.23

Manufacturing........................................ 27.24 27.90 27.95 28.05 1,111.39 1,129.95 1,129.18 1,136.03

Durable goods.................................... 28.71 29.36 29.41 29.53 1,179.98 1,203.76 1,199.93 1,207.78

Nondurable goods................................ 24.71 25.37 25.44 25.50 993.34 1,009.73 1,007.42 1,012.35

Private service-providing.............................. 27.18 27.86 27.97 28.04 905.09 924.95 928.60 930.93

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 23.63 24.39 24.44 24.53 815.24 834.14 835.85 836.47

Wholesale trade.................................. 30.82 31.62 31.71 31.82 1,201.98 1,230.02 1,236.69 1,240.98

Retail trade........................................ 19.07 19.84 19.87 19.91 589.26 609.09 608.02 607.26

Transportation and warehousing............... 24.40 24.99 25.00 25.09 954.04 959.62 960.00 963.46

Utilities............................................. 41.13 41.85 41.72 41.98 1,743.91 1,766.07 1,764.76 1,796.74

Information........................................... 41.02 42.07 42.13 42.29 1,480.82 1,535.56 1,533.53 1,535.13

Financial activities................................... 35.31 36.06 36.15 36.23 1,327.66 1,352.25 1,362.86 1,369.49

Professional and business services.............. 32.93 33.90 34.03 34.16 1,188.77 1,223.79 1,231.89 1,236.59

Education and health services..................... 27.27 27.66 27.84 27.81 897.18 912.78 918.72 920.51

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 16.21 16.68 16.71 16.77 419.84 432.01 431.12 432.67

Other services....................................... 24.80 25.10 25.16 25.25 791.12 798.18 800.09 805.48

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Percent

change

from:

Oct.

2019 -

Nov.

2019p

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Percent

change

from:

Oct.

2019 -

Nov.

2019p

Total private..................................... 110.1 111.5 111.7 111.9 0.2 144.4 149.9 150.7 151.3 0.4

Goods-producing............................. 95.8 97.4 96.6 96.8 0.2 123.4 128.6 127.8 128.6 0.6

Mining and logging........................ 107.9 108.3 109.1 107.9 -1.1 142.2 150.3 153.0 150.9 -1.4

Construction................................ 98.5 103.1 101.7 101.5 -0.2 129.5 138.2 136.9 137.1 0.1

Manufacturing.............................. 93.9 93.7 93.1 93.7 0.6 118.9 121.5 121.0 122.3 1.1

Durable goods........................... 92.8 93.1 92.1 92.8 0.8 118.4 121.4 120.3 121.7 1.2

Nondurable goods...................... 95.7 95.1 94.8 95.2 0.4 119.9 122.4 122.3 123.2 0.7

Private service-providing.................... 114.3 115.4 115.6 115.9 0.3 150.9 156.3 157.2 157.9 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 104.5 103.8 103.9 103.7 -0.2 133.1 136.5 136.9 137.1 0.1

Wholesale trade......................... 101.3 102.0 102.5 102.4 -0.1 130.6 135.0 135.9 136.3 0.3

Retail trade.............................. 99.3 98.3 98.1 97.8 -0.3 125.2 128.9 128.9 128.7 -0.2

Transportation and warehousing...... 123.2 122.1 122.3 122.6 0.2 152.5 154.8 155.0 156.0 0.6

Utilities.................................... 101.8 100.7 100.7 101.9 1.2 138.3 139.3 138.7 141.4 1.9

Information................................. 93.3 94.3 93.8 94.0 0.2 136.2 141.2 140.7 141.5 0.6

Financial activities......................... 106.1 106.9 107.6 108.1 0.5 146.1 150.3 151.8 152.7 0.6

Professional and business services..... 120.1 122.0 122.6 122.8 0.2 160.1 167.5 168.9 169.8 0.5

Education and health services........... 128.1 131.6 131.7 132.5 0.6 168.1 175.1 176.5 177.3 0.5

Leisure and hospitality.................... 121.9 124.1 124.1 124.5 0.3 159.4 167.0 167.4 168.4 0.6

Other services............................. 107.9 109.0 109.0 109.5 0.5 146.7 150.0 150.3 151.6 0.9

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Total nonfarm............................................. 74,605 75,832 75,958 76,113 49.7 49.9 50.0 50.0

Total private............................................ 61,640 62,755 62,876 63,013 48.3 48.6 48.6 48.6

Goods-producing.................................... 4,651 4,736 4,742 4,754 22.2 22.4 22.5 22.5

Mining and logging............................... 95 102 101 100 12.7 13.7 13.5 13.5

Construction....................................... 958 975 981 981 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0

Manufacturing..................................... 3,598 3,659 3,660 3,673 28.1 28.5 28.6 28.6

Durable goods.................................. 1,908 1,946 1,941 1,950 23.8 24.1 24.2 24.2

Nondurable goods............................. 1,690 1,713 1,719 1,723 35.5 35.8 35.8 35.9

Private service-providing........................... 56,989 58,019 58,134 58,259 53.4 53.7 53.7 53.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............. 11,154 11,169 11,182 11,186 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.1

Wholesale trade................................ 1,764.3 1,794.3 1,793.7 1,797.7 30.0 30.2 30.1 30.2

Retail trade..................................... 7,882.9 7,817.3 7,826.0 7,821.5 49.8 49.6 49.6 49.5

Transportation and warehousing............. 1,376.0 1,425.3 1,430.2 1,434.9 25.0 25.6 25.7 25.7

Utilities........................................... 130.4 132.2 132.1 131.8 23.5 24.0 24.0 23.9

Information......................................... 1,115 1,129 1,126 1,141 39.4 39.9 39.9 40.2

Financial activities................................ 4,868 4,907 4,915 4,913 56.5 56.4 56.4 56.3

Professional and business services............ 9,623 9,852 9,869 9,894 45.4 45.7 45.7 45.7

Education and health services.................. 18,411 18,869 18,907 18,975 77.2 77.3 77.3 77.4

Leisure and hospitality........................... 8,689 8,922 8,964 8,973 52.7 53.1 53.2 53.1

Other services..................................... 3,129 3,171 3,171 3,177 53.3 53.3 53.3 53.4

Government............................................. 12,965 13,077 13,082 13,100 57.7 57.8 57.8 57.9

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Total private............................................................................... 105,051 106,313 106,409 106,596

Goods-producing....................................................................... 15,015 15,107 15,084 15,116

Mining and logging.................................................................. 558 540 545 539

Construction.......................................................................... 5,491 5,600 5,608 5,599

Manufacturing........................................................................ 8,966 8,967 8,931 8,978

Durable goods..................................................................... 5,523 5,543 5,499 5,534

Nondurable goods................................................................ 3,443 3,424 3,432 3,444

Private service-providing.............................................................. 90,036 91,206 91,325 91,480

Trade, transportation, and utilities................................................. 23,495 23,550 23,556 23,554

Wholesale trade................................................................... 4,729.5 4,770.5 4,769.5 4,765.8

Retail trade........................................................................ 13,508.0 13,466.1 13,473.6 13,462.0

Transportation and warehousing................................................ 4,813.1 4,871.0 4,873.1 4,884.9

Utilities.............................................................................. 444.3 442.8 440.2 441.6

Information............................................................................ 2,284 2,276 2,268 2,281

Financial activities................................................................... 6,668 6,731 6,747 6,753

Professional and business services............................................... 17,306 17,526 17,557 17,599

Education and health services..................................................... 20,931 21,448 21,474 21,535

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 14,489 14,757 14,806 14,836

Other services........................................................................ 4,863 4,918 4,917 4,922

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 33.7 33.6 33.5 33.5

Goods-producing.................................................................... 41.2 41.2 41.0 40.9

Mining and logging................................................................ 46.1 47.2 47.7 47.3

Construction....................................................................... 39.3 40.2 39.7 39.5

Manufacturing..................................................................... 42.0 41.5 41.4 41.4

Durable goods.................................................................. 42.3 41.9 41.7 41.8

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 41.4 40.9 40.9 40.9

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 33.9 33.8 33.7 33.6

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.9 38.7 38.7 38.7

Retail trade...................................................................... 30.2 30.3 30.2 29.9

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.4 37.9 37.9 37.9

Utilities........................................................................... 42.8 42.3 42.8 43.0

Information......................................................................... 35.5 35.5 35.2 35.1

Financial activities................................................................ 36.9 36.9 36.9 36.9

Professional and business services............................................ 35.3 35.4 35.3 35.3

Education and health services.................................................. 32.2 32.1 32.2 32.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 24.8 24.6 24.6 24.7

Other services..................................................................... 30.9 30.7 30.8 30.9

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 4.5 4.2 4.1 4.2

Durable goods....................................................................... 4.7 4.2 4.1 4.2

Nondurable goods................................................................... 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.2

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Total private............................................... $22.99 $23.67 $23.76 $23.83 $774.76 $795.31 $795.96 $798.31

Goods-producing....................................... 24.29 24.89 24.96 24.98 1,000.75 1,025.47 1,023.36 1,021.68

Mining and logging.................................. 28.86 30.60 31.09 31.07 1,330.45 1,444.32 1,482.99 1,469.61

Construction.......................................... 28.14 28.59 28.65 28.69 1,105.90 1,149.32 1,137.41 1,133.26

Manufacturing........................................ 21.78 22.27 22.30 22.36 914.76 924.21 923.22 925.70

Durable goods.................................... 22.72 23.19 23.22 23.32 961.06 971.66 968.27 974.78

Nondurable goods................................ 20.23 20.73 20.79 20.79 837.52 847.86 850.31 850.31

Private service-providing.............................. 22.72 23.41 23.51 23.59 736.13 756.14 759.37 761.96

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 20.17 20.78 20.80 20.94 683.76 702.36 700.96 703.58

Wholesale trade.................................. 25.53 26.27 26.37 26.47 993.12 1,016.65 1,020.52 1,024.39

Retail trade........................................ 16.14 16.75 16.72 16.77 487.43 507.53 504.94 501.42

Transportation and warehousing............... 21.99 22.57 22.57 22.84 844.42 855.40 855.40 865.64

Utilities............................................. 37.11 36.98 37.09 37.12 1,588.31 1,564.25 1,587.45 1,596.16

Information........................................... 32.70 34.28 34.35 34.16 1,160.85 1,216.94 1,209.12 1,199.02

Financial activities................................... 27.17 27.84 27.94 28.06 1,002.57 1,027.30 1,030.99 1,035.41

Professional and business services.............. 27.08 28.03 28.18 28.25 955.92 992.26 994.75 997.23

Education and health services..................... 23.91 24.50 24.71 24.77 769.90 786.45 795.66 797.59

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 14.12 14.63 14.67 14.73 350.18 359.90 360.88 363.83

Other services....................................... 21.01 21.31 21.35 21.45 649.21 654.22 657.58 662.81

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Percent

change

from:

Oct.

2019 -

Nov.

2019p

Nov.

2018

Sept.

2019

Oct.

2019p

Nov.

2019p

Percent

change

from:

Oct.

2019 -

Nov.

2019p

Total private..................................... 118.0 119.0 118.8 119.0 0.2 181.2 188.3 188.6 189.5 0.5

Goods-producing............................. 94.5 95.1 94.5 94.5 0.0 140.6 145.0 144.4 144.5 0.1

Mining and logging........................ 136.7 135.4 138.1 135.5 -1.9 229.4 241.0 249.8 244.8 -2.0

Construction................................ 108.0 112.7 111.5 110.7 -0.7 164.2 174.0 172.5 171.5 -0.6

Manufacturing.............................. 86.4 85.4 84.9 85.3 0.5 123.1 124.4 123.8 124.8 0.8

Durable goods........................... 87.8 87.3 86.1 86.9 0.9 124.5 126.3 124.9 126.5 1.3

Nondurable goods...................... 84.0 82.5 82.7 83.0 0.4 120.1 120.9 121.5 121.9 0.3

Private service-providing.................... 124.2 125.5 125.6 125.8 0.2 193.6 201.4 202.5 203.6 0.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 111.2 111.2 110.9 110.5 -0.4 160.2 164.9 164.6 165.2 0.4

Wholesale trade......................... 109.2 109.6 109.5 109.5 0.0 164.5 169.9 170.5 171.0 0.3

Retail trade.............................. 103.2 103.3 103.0 101.9 -1.1 142.8 148.2 147.5 146.4 -0.7

Transportation and warehousing...... 139.0 138.9 138.9 139.3 0.3 193.9 198.8 198.8 201.7 1.5

Utilities.................................... 97.2 95.8 96.4 97.1 0.7 150.6 147.9 149.2 150.5 0.9

Information................................. 92.5 92.2 91.1 91.4 0.3 149.8 156.5 154.9 154.5 -0.3

Financial activities......................... 115.8 116.9 117.2 117.3 0.1 193.6 200.3 201.5 202.5 0.5

Professional and business services..... 136.6 138.7 138.6 138.9 0.2 220.0 231.2 232.2 233.3 0.5

Education and health services........... 143.7 146.8 147.4 147.8 0.3 226.8 237.4 240.4 241.7 0.5

Leisure and hospitality.................... 131.6 133.0 133.4 134.2 0.6 211.1 220.9 222.3 224.5 1.0

Other services............................. 105.4 105.9 106.2 106.7 0.5 161.3 164.4 165.2 166.7 0.9

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2018 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.