Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-14-0168 

8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, February 7, 2014 

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — JANUARY 2014 

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 113,000 in January, and the unemployment rate was little 

changed at 6.6 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment grew in 

construction, manufacturing, wholesale trade, and mining. 

Changes to the Employment Situation Data 

Establishment survey data have been revised as a result of the annual benchmarking process 

and the updating of seasonal adjustment factors. Also, household survey data for January 2014 

reflect updated population estimates. See the notes beginning on page 4 for more information 

about these changes. 
- 2 - 

Household Survey Data 

Both the number of unemployed persons, at 10.2 million, and the unemployment rate, at 6.6 percent, 

changed little in January. Since October, the jobless rate has decreased by 0.6 percentage point. (See 

table A-1.) (See the note on page 6 and tables B and C for information about the effect of annual 

population adjustments to the household survey estimates.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (6.2 percent), adult women 

(5.9 percent), teenagers (20.7 percent), whites (5.7 percent), blacks (12.1 percent), and Hispanics (8.4 

percent) showed little change in January. The jobless rate for Asians was 4.8 percent (not seasonally 

adjusted), down by 1.7 percentage points over the year. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more), at 3.6 million, declined by 

232,000 in January. These individuals accounted for 35.8 percent of the unemployed. The number of 

long-term unemployed has declined by 1.1 million over the year. (See table A-12.) 

After accounting for the annual adjustment to the population controls, the civilian labor force rose by 

499,000 in January, and the labor force participation rate edged up to 63.0 percent. Total employment, 

as measured by the household survey, increased by 616,000 over the month, and the employmentpopulation ratio increased by 0.2 percentage point to 58.8 percent. (See table A-1. For additional 

information about the effects of the population adjustments, see table C.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as 

involuntary part-time workers) fell by 514,000 to 7.3 million in January. These individuals were 

working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find full-time 

work. (See table A-8.) 

In January, 2.6 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, little changed from a year 

earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and 

were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not 

counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. 

(See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 837,000 discouraged workers in January, about unchanged 

from a year earlier. Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they 

believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.8 million persons marginally attached to the 

labor force in January had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or family 

responsibilities. (See table A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 113,000 in January. In 2013, employment growth 

averaged 194,000 per month. In January, job gains occurred in construction, manufacturing, wholesale 

trade, and mining. (See table B-1.) 

Construction added 48,000 jobs over the month, more than offsetting a decline of 22,000 in December. 

In January, job gains occurred in both residential and nonresidential building (+13,000 and +8,000, 

respectively) and in nonresidential specialty trade contractors (+13,000). Heavy and civil engineering 

construction also added 10,000 jobs. 
- 3 - 

Employment in manufacturing increased in January (+21,000). Over the month, job gains occurred in 

machinery (+7,000), wood products (+5,000), and motor vehicles and parts (+5,000). Manufacturing 

added an average of 7,000 jobs per month in 2013. 

In January, wholesale trade added 14,000 jobs, with most of the increase occurring in nondurable goods 

(+10,000). 

Mining added 7,000 jobs in January, compared with an average monthly gain of 2,000 jobs in 2013. 

Employment in professional and business services continued to trend up in January (+36,000). The 

industry added an average of 55,000 jobs per month in 2013. Within the industry, professional and 

technical services added 20,000 jobs in January. 

Leisure and hospitality employment continued to trend up over the month (+24,000). Job growth in the 

industry averaged 38,000 per month in 2013. 

Employment in health care was essentially unchanged in January for the second consecutive month. 

Health care added an average of 17,000 jobs per month in 2013. 

Employment in retail trade changed little in January (-13,000). Within the industry, sporting goods, 

hobby, book, and music stores lost 22,000 jobs, offsetting job gains in the prior 3 months. In January, 

motor vehicle and parts dealers added 7,000 jobs. 

In January, federal government employment decreased by 12,000; the U.S. Postal Service accounted 

for most of this decline (-9,000). 

Employment in other major industries, including transportation and warehousing, information, and 

financial activities, showed little or no change over the month. 

In January, the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 

34.4 hours. The manufacturing workweek declined by 0.2 hour to 40.7 hours, and factory overtime 

edged down by 0.1 hour to 3.4 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory 

employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.5 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

Average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 5 cents to $24.21. 

Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 46 cents, or 1.9 percent. In January, average hourly 

earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 6 cents to $20.39. 

(See tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for November was revised from +241,000 to 

+274,000, and the change for December was revised from +74,000 to +75,000. With these revisions, 

employment gains in November and December were 34,000 higher than previously reported. Monthly 

revisions result from additional reports received from businesses since the last published estimates and 

the monthly recalculation of seasonal factors. The annual benchmark process also contributed to the 

revisions in this news release. 

_____________ 

The Employment Situation for February is scheduled to be released on Friday, March 7, 2014, at 

8:30 a.m. (EST). 
- 4 - 

Revisions to Establishment Survey Data 

In accordance with annual practice, the establishment survey data released today have been 

benchmarked to reflect comprehensive counts of payroll jobs for March 2013. These counts are derived 

principally from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), which enumerates jobs 

covered by the UI tax system. The benchmark process results in revisions to not seasonally adjusted data 

from April 2012 forward. Seasonally adjusted data from January 2009 forward are subject to revision. In 

addition, data for some series prior to 2009, both seasonally adjusted and unadjusted, incorporate 

revisions. 

The total nonfarm employment level for March 2013 was revised upward by 369,000 (+347,000 on a not 

seasonally adjusted basis, or 0.3 percent). The average benchmark revision over the past 10 years was 

plus or minus 0.3 percent. 

This revision incorporates the reclassification of jobs in the QCEW. Private household employment is 

out of scope for the establishment survey. The QCEW reclassified some private household employment 

into an industry that is in scope for the establishment survey—services for the elderly and persons with 

disabilities. This reclassification accounted for an increase of 466,000 jobs in the establishment survey. 

This increase of 466,000 associated with reclassification was offset by survey error of -119,000 for a 

total net benchmark revision of +347,000 on a not seasonally adjusted basis. Historical time series have 

been reconstructed to incorporate these revisions. 

The effect of these revisions on the underlying trend in nonfarm payroll employment was minor. For 

example, the over-the-year change in total nonfarm employment for 2013 was revised from 2,186,000 to 

2,322,000 seasonally adjusted. Table A presents revised total nonfarm employment data on a seasonally 

adjusted basis for January through December 2013. 

All revised historical CES data, as well as an article that discusses the benchmark and post-benchmark 

revisions and other technical issues can be accessed through the CES homepage at www.bls.gov/ces/. 

Information on the data released today also may be obtained by calling (202) 691-6555. 
- 5 - 

Table A. Revisions in total nonfarm employment, January-December 2013, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

As 

previously 

published

As revised Difference

As 

previously 

published

As revised Difference

2013

January...........................134,839 135,261 422 148 197 49

February........................ 135,171 135,541 370 332 280 -52

March............................ 135,313 135,682 369 142 141 -1

April...............................135,512 135,885 373 199 203 4

May.............................. 135,688 136,084 396 176 199 23

June............................. 135,860 136,285 425 172 201 29

July................................ 135,949 136,434 485 89 149 60

August........................... 136,187 136,636 449 238 202 -36

September..................... 136,362 136,800 438 175 164 -11

October.......................... 136,562 137,037 475 200 237 37

November...................... 136,803 137,311 508 241 274 33

December (p).................. 136,877 137,386 509 74 75 1

p = preliminary.

Year and month

Level Over-the-month change
- 6 - 

Adjustments to Population Estimates for the Household Survey 

Effective with data for January 2014, updated population estimates have been used in the household 

survey. Population estimates for the household survey are developed by the U.S. Census Bureau. Each 

year, the Census Bureau updates the estimates to reflect new information and assumptions about the 

growth of the population since the previous decennial census. The change in population reflected in the 

new estimates results from adjustments for net international migration, updated vital statistics and other 

information, and some methodological changes in the estimation process. 

In accordance with usual practice, BLS will not revise the official household survey estimates for 

December 2013 and earlier months. To show the impact of the population adjustments, however, 

differences in selected December 2013 labor force series based on the old and new population estimates 

are shown in table B. 

The adjustments increased the estimated size of the civilian noninstitutional population in December by 

2,000, the civilian labor force by 24,000, employment by 22,000, and unemployment by 2,000. The 

number of persons not in the labor force was reduced by 22,000. The total unemployment rate, 

employment-population ratio, and labor force participation rate were unaffected. 

Data users are cautioned that these annual population adjustments can affect the comparability of 

household data series over time. Table C shows the effect of the introduction of new population 

estimates on the comparison of selected labor force measures between December 2013 and January 

2014. Additional information on the population adjustments and their effect on national labor force 

estimates is available at www.bls.gov/cps/cps14adj.pdf. 

Table B. Effect of the updated population controls on December 2013 estimates by sex, race, and

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Category Total Men White Asian

Civilian noninstitutional population ...... 2 29 -27 -65 48 33 -57

Civilian labor force .................. 24 24 0 -17 34 15 -38

Participation rate .................. .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0

Employed ........................... 22 22 0 -16 31 14 -34

Employment-population ratio ... .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0

Unemployed ........................ 2 3 -1 -1 4 1 -4

Unemployment rate ............... .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0

Not in labor force ..................... -22 4 -27 -48 14 18 -18

 NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or 

African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose 

ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.

Women

Black or 

African 

American

Hispanic or 

Latino 

ethnicity
- 7 - 

Change to the Household Survey Tables 

Effective with this release, household survey table A-10 includes two new seasonally 

adjusted series for women age 55 and over—the number of unemployed persons and the 

unemployment rate. These replace the series that were previously displayed for this 

group, which were not seasonally adjusted. 

Updated Veteran Weighting Methodology for Household Survey 

Beginning with data for January 2014, estimates for veterans in table A-5 of this release 

incorporate updated weighting procedures. The new weighting methodology more 

accurately reflects the current demographic composition of the veteran population. The 

primary impact of the change was an increase in the “Gulf War-era I” veteran population 

and a decrease in the number of veterans in the “Other service periods” category. The 

updated methodology had little effect on unemployment rates for veterans, regardless of 

gender or period of service. Additional information on the effect of the change on labor 

force estimates for veterans is available at www.bls.gov/cps/vetsweights2014.pdf. 

Table C. December 2013-January 2014 changes in selected labor force measures, 

with adjustments for population control effects

(Numbers in thousands)

Category

Civilian noninstitutional population ......... 170 2 168

Civilian labor force ........................ 523 24 499

Participation rate ..................... .2 .0 .2

Employed .............................. 638 22 616

Employment-population ratio ...... .2 .0 .2

Unemployed ........................... -115 2 -117

Unemployment rate .................. -.1 .0 -.1

Not in labor force ........................ -353 -22 -331

 1 This Dec.-Jan. change is calculated by subtracting the population control effect from the 

over-the-month change in the published seasonally adjusted estimates. 

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. 

2014 

population 

control effect

Dec.-Jan. 

change, as 

published

Dec.-Jan. change, after 

removing the 

population control 

effect 1
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

Change from:

Dec. 2013-

Jan. 2014

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population........................................... 244,663 246,567 246,745 246,915 –

Civilian labor force........................................................... 155,699 155,284 154,937 155,460 –

Participation rate.......................................................... 63.6 63.0 62.8 63.0 –

Employed................................................................... 143,384 144,443 144,586 145,224 –

Employment-population ratio.......................................... 58.6 58.6 58.6 58.8 –

Unemployed............................................................... 12,315 10,841 10,351 10,236 –

Unemployment rate.................................................... 7.9 7.0 6.7 6.6 –

Not in labor force............................................................ 88,963 91,283 91,808 91,455 –

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over...................................................... 7.9 7.0 6.7 6.6 –

Adult men (20 years and over)............................................ 7.4 6.7 6.3 6.2 –

Adult women (20 years and over)......................................... 7.2 6.2 6.0 5.9 –

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................ 23.5 20.8 20.2 20.7 –

White.......................................................................... 7.1 6.1 5.9 5.7 –

Black or African American.................................................. 13.8 12.4 11.9 12.1 –

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................ 6.5 5.3 4.1 4.8 –

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................. 9.7 8.7 8.3 8.4 –

Total, 25 years and over...................................................... 6.5 5.8 5.6 5.4 –

Less than a high school diploma.......................................... 12.0 10.6 9.8 9.6 –

High school graduates, no college........................................ 8.1 7.3 7.1 6.5 –

Some college or associate degree........................................ 7.0 6.4 6.1 6.0 –

Bachelor’s degree and higher.............................................. 3.8 3.4 3.3 3.2 –

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs.................. 6,675 5,731 5,366 5,407 –

Job leavers...................................................................... 984 890 862 818 –

Reentrants....................................................................... 3,520 3,065 3,036 2,937 –

New entrants.................................................................... 1,274 1,169 1,201 1,184 –

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks............................................................. 2,753 2,439 2,255 2,434 –

5 to 14 weeks................................................................... 3,077 2,585 2,506 2,429 –

15 to 26 weeks................................................................. 1,867 1,742 1,651 1,689 –

27 weeks and over............................................................. 4,707 4,044 3,878 3,646 –

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons.............................................. 7,983 7,723 7,771 7,257 –

Slack work or business conditions........................................ 5,117 4,869 4,884 4,405 –

Could only find part-time work............................................. 2,613 2,499 2,592 2,571 –

Part time for noneconomic reasons.......................................... 18,556 18,858 18,731 19,165 –

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force....................................... 2,443 2,096 2,427 2,592 –

Discouraged workers........................................................ 804 762 917 837 –

- December - January changes in household data are not shown due to the introduction of updated population controls.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will

not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 274 75 113

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 272 89 142

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 68 -13 76

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1 1 7

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 32 -22 48

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 35 8 21

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 19 2 15

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 4.7 3.3 4.7

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 16 6 6

Private service-providing1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 204 102 66

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.9 16.8 10.2 13.9

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.9 22.3 62.7 -12.9

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.8 32.4 10.6 9.9

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -1 1 -10 0

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 -4 3 -2

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 73 4 36

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 36.6 30.1 8.1

Education and health services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 25 -4 -6

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.5 24.4 1.1 1.5

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 37 20 24

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 -1 7 4

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -22 2 -14 -29

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.4 49.5 49.5 49.4

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.0 48.0 48.0 47.9

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.6 82.6 82.6 82.6

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.4 34.5 34.4 34.4

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $23.75 $24.15 $24.16 $24.21

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $817.00 $833.18 $831.10 $832.82

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.5 99.6 99.4 99.5

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 0.5 -0.2 0.1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110.5 114.8 114.6 114.9

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4 0.8 -0.2 0.3

HOURS AND EARNINGS

PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.6 33.7 33.5 33.5

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $19.95 $20.30 $20.33 $20.39

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $670.32 $684.11 $681.06 $683.07

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.9 107.1 106.6 106.7

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.2 0.5 -0.5 0.1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139.8 145.3 144.8 145.3

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.8 -0.3 0.3

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private (264 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.0 66.9 56.4 61.2

Manufacturing (81 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.8 65.4 59.9 54.3

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the

service-providing industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate

hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal

balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2013 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of 

employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series 

has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household 

survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 

100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically 

significant change in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a 

more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers 

whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private 

household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also 

provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences 

between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf. 

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, 

it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does 

not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which 

identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the 

foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The 

Employment Situation news release. 

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax 

records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more 

information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments 

with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the 

reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and 

industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 

 
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net 

employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an 

econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based 

on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census 

of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this 

purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There 

is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and 

availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment 

insurance benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons 

who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the 

unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There 

is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently 

looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, 

including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged 

workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include 

discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each 

month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these 

alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? 

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. 

Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on 

employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay 

for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, 

but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be 

off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such 

as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment, employees have 

to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Slightly more than 20 percent of all employees 

in the payroll survey sample have a weekly pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of 

the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to 

quantify the effect of extreme weather on estimates of over-the-month change in employment. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of 

the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as 

employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the 

number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure 

of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours. Current and historical 

data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page at http://data.bls.gov/cgibin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household 

survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey 

(CES; establishment survey). The household survey 

provides information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked 

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 

60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census 

Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm 

payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of 

nonagricultural business establishments. Each month 

the CES program surveys about 144,000 businesses 

and government agencies, representing approximately 

554,000 individual worksites, in order to provide 

detailed industry data on employment, hours, and 

earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls. The 

active sample includes approximately one-third of 

all nonfarm payroll employees. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that 

contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment 

survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 

12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the 

calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment 

sometime during the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting 

recall need not be looking for work to be counted as 

unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the 

household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for 

or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as 

employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The 

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent 

of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the 

labor force as a percent of the population, and 

the employment-population ratio is the employed as a 

percent of the population. Additional information 

about the household survey can be found at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are 

counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are 

produced for the private sector for all employees and for 

production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and 

logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing 

industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an 

establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 

2012 version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous 

conceptual and methodological differences between the 

household and establishment surveys result in important 

distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the 

surveys. Among these are: 

 The household survey includes agricultural

workers, self-employed workers whose businesses

are unicorporated, unpaid family workers, and

private household workers among the employed.

These groups are excluded from the establishment

survey.

 The household survey includes people on unpaid

leave among the employed. The establishment

survey does not.

 The household survey is limited to workers 16

years of age and older. The establishment survey is

not limited by age.

 The household survey has no duplication of

individuals, because individuals are counted only

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the

establishment survey, employees working at more

than one job and thus appearing on more than one

payroll are counted separately for each appearance.
Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, 

and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the 

participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For 

example, in the household survey, the large number of 

youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure 

any other changes that have taken place relative to May, 

making it difficult to determine if the level of economic 

activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the 

establishment survey, payroll employment in education 

declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term 

and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the 

underlying employment trends in the industry. Because 

seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of 

the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be 

adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more 

discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more 

useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-tomonth economic activity. 

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, 

such as total payroll employment, employment in most 

major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are 

computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived 

by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex 

components; this differs from the unemployment estimate 

that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by 

combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age 

categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling 

error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. The 

component of this difference that occurs because samples 

differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its 

variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. 

There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value 

because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the 

establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 

90,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment 

increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-

percent confidence interval on the monthly change would 

range from -40,000 to +140,000 (50,000 +/- 90,000). These 

figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these 

magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent 

chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this 

interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, 

we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment 

had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported 

nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the 

values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be 

greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-

percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen 

that month. At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, 

the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change 

in unemployment as measured by the household survey is 

about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the 

unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.2 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, 

such as for quarterly and annual averages. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all 

respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide correct information on a timely 

basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in 

the collection or processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates 

for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete 

returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled 

preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive 

revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample 

reports have been received, that the estimate is considered 

final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 
account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment 

gains from business births. This is incorporated into the 

sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting 

sample units going out of business, but imputing to them 

the same employment trend as the other firms in the 

sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net 

birth/death employment. 

The second component is an ARIMA time series 

model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death 

employment not accounted for by the imputation. The 

historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA 

model was derived from the unemployment insurance 

universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual 

residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough 

proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also 

incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over 

the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total 

nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a 

range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244,663 246,745 246,915 244,663 246,168 246,381 246,567 246,745 246,915

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154,794 154,408 154,381 155,699 155,473 154,625 155,284 154,937 155,460

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.3 62.6 62.5 63.6 63.2 62.8 63.0 62.8 63.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141,614 144,423 143,526 143,384 144,270 143,485 144,443 144,586 145,224

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.9 58.5 58.1 58.6 58.6 58.2 58.6 58.6 58.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,181 9,984 10,855 12,315 11,203 11,140 10,841 10,351 10,236

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 6.5 7.0 7.9 7.2 7.2 7.0 6.7 6.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89,868 92,338 92,534 88,963 90,695 91,756 91,283 91,808 91,455

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,781 5,932 6,508 6,635 6,118 6,100 5,779 6,111 6,348

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,033 119,103 119,218 118,033 118,807 118,916 119,011 119,103 119,218

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,249 81,985 81,804 82,901 82,806 82,186 82,554 82,323 82,662

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.7 68.8 68.6 70.2 69.7 69.1 69.4 69.1 69.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,823 76,403 75,652 76,228 76,464 76,014 76,560 76,723 77,060

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.4 64.1 63.5 64.6 64.4 63.9 64.3 64.4 64.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,426 5,583 6,153 6,673 6,342 6,171 5,993 5,599 5,602

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0 6.8 7.5 8.0 7.7 7.5 7.3 6.8 6.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,783 37,118 37,414 35,131 36,000 36,730 36,458 36,780 36,556

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109,448 110,613 110,746 109,448 110,292 110,414 110,515 110,613 110,746

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79,583 79,335 79,310 79,984 79,757 79,267 79,700 79,464 79,892

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.7 71.7 71.6 73.1 72.3 71.8 72.1 71.8 72.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,905 74,275 73,748 74,084 74,151 73,808 74,373 74,467 74,916

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.6 67.1 66.6 67.7 67.2 66.8 67.3 67.3 67.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,678 5,060 5,562 5,900 5,605 5,459 5,328 4,997 4,975

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4 6.4 7.0 7.4 7.0 6.9 6.7 6.3 6.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,865 31,278 31,436 29,464 30,536 31,147 30,815 31,149 30,855

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,630 127,642 127,696 126,630 127,361 127,465 127,555 127,642 127,696

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,545 72,423 72,576 72,798 72,667 72,439 72,730 72,614 72,797

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.3 56.7 56.8 57.5 57.1 56.8 57.0 56.9 57.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,790 68,021 67,874 67,157 67,806 67,471 67,882 67,862 68,163

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.7 53.3 53.2 53.0 53.2 52.9 53.2 53.2 53.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,755 4,402 4,702 5,642 4,862 4,969 4,848 4,752 4,634

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9 6.1 6.5 7.7 6.7 6.9 6.7 6.5 6.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,085 55,220 55,120 53,832 54,694 55,026 54,825 55,028 54,899

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,348 119,433 119,497 118,348 119,131 119,246 119,341 119,433 119,497

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,778 69,809 70,003 69,817 69,898 69,652 69,871 69,831 70,023

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.0 58.5 58.6 59.0 58.7 58.4 58.5 58.5 58.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,589 65,849 65,775 64,790 65,539 65,229 65,547 65,617 65,909

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.6 55.1 55.0 54.7 55.0 54.7 54.9 54.9 55.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,189 3,960 4,228 5,027 4,359 4,423 4,323 4,214 4,114

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 5.7 6.0 7.2 6.2 6.4 6.2 6.0 5.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,570 49,624 49,495 48,531 49,232 49,593 49,470 49,602 49,475

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,867 16,700 16,671 16,867 16,745 16,721 16,710 16,700 16,671

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,434 5,264 5,068 5,898 5,818 5,706 5,713 5,642 5,545

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.2 31.5 30.4 35.0 34.7 34.1 34.2 33.8 33.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,120 4,300 4,003 4,510 4,580 4,448 4,523 4,502 4,399

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.4 25.7 24.0 26.7 27.4 26.6 27.1 27.0 26.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,314 964 1,065 1,388 1,239 1,258 1,190 1,140 1,147

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.2 18.3 21.0 23.5 21.3 22.0 20.8 20.2 20.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,434 11,436 11,603 10,969 10,927 11,015 10,997 11,058 11,125

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193,776 194,927 194,944 193,776 194,610 194,734 194,833 194,927 194,944

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,090 122,621 122,492 124,031 123,123 122,621 123,050 122,879 123,500

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.5 62.9 62.8 64.0 63.3 63.0 63.2 63.0 63.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,675 115,640 114,915 115,267 115,374 114,901 115,514 115,623 116,409

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.7 59.3 58.9 59.5 59.3 59.0 59.3 59.3 59.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,415 6,982 7,576 8,764 7,748 7,719 7,536 7,256 7,091

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 5.7 6.2 7.1 6.3 6.3 6.1 5.9 5.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,686 72,306 72,452 69,745 71,487 72,113 71,783 72,048 71,444

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,506 64,190 64,040 64,949 64,307 64,000 64,287 64,221 64,551

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.2 72.3 72.1 73.7 72.5 72.1 72.4 72.3 72.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,587 60,538 60,082 60,607 60,414 60,107 60,480 60,637 61,048

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.6 68.2 67.6 68.8 68.2 67.8 68.1 68.3 68.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,919 3,652 3,959 4,342 3,893 3,893 3,806 3,584 3,503

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 5.7 6.2 6.7 6.1 6.1 5.9 5.6 5.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,250 54,249 54,393 54,352 54,237 54,044 54,181 54,173 54,505

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.3 57.9 58.1 58.4 58.0 57.8 57.9 57.8 58.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,688 51,589 51,497 50,919 51,258 51,100 51,307 51,308 51,695

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.5 55.1 55.0 54.7 54.8 54.6 54.8 54.8 55.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,562 2,660 2,896 3,433 2,978 2,944 2,874 2,866 2,810

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6 4.9 5.3 6.3 5.5 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,334 4,182 4,058 4,730 4,579 4,577 4,582 4,485 4,444

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.5 33.6 32.7 37.7 36.7 36.8 36.8 36.1 35.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,400 3,513 3,337 3,742 3,702 3,694 3,727 3,678 3,666

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.1 28.2 26.9 29.8 29.7 29.7 30.0 29.6 29.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 934 669 722 988 877 883 855 806 777

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.5 16.0 17.8 20.9 19.1 19.3 18.7 18.0 17.5

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,190 30,569 30,651 30,190 30,462 30,500 30,535 30,569 30,651

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,554 18,315 18,483 18,652 18,675 18,541 18,482 18,401 18,558

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.5 59.9 60.3 61.8 61.3 60.8 60.5 60.2 60.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,897 16,194 16,161 16,085 16,248 16,133 16,188 16,215 16,310

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.7 53.0 52.7 53.3 53.3 52.9 53.0 53.0 53.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,656 2,121 2,322 2,568 2,428 2,408 2,295 2,186 2,249

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.3 11.6 12.6 13.8 13.0 13.0 12.4 11.9 12.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,636 12,254 12,168 11,538 11,787 11,959 12,053 12,168 12,093

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,391 8,259 8,378 8,395 8,503 8,354 8,334 8,255 8,367

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.9 65.6 66.3 67.9 67.9 66.6 66.3 65.6 66.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,181 7,305 7,287 7,277 7,305 7,287 7,327 7,302 7,359

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.1 58.0 57.6 58.9 58.3 58.1 58.3 58.0 58.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,210 954 1,091 1,118 1,199 1,067 1,007 953 1,008

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.4 11.6 13.0 13.3 14.1 12.8 12.1 11.5 12.0

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,512 9,423 9,505 9,544 9,425 9,496 9,475 9,451 9,525

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.4 61.0 61.4 62.7 61.2 61.6 61.4 61.2 61.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,323 8,459 8,508 8,367 8,459 8,403 8,428 8,466 8,537

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.6 54.7 55.0 54.9 55.0 54.5 54.6 54.8 55.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,189 964 997 1,177 966 1,093 1,047 986 988

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5 10.2 10.5 12.3 10.2 11.5 11.1 10.4 10.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651 633 600 713 748 691 673 694 666

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.0 25.0 23.7 27.5 29.3 27.2 26.5 27.4 26.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393 429 366 441 484 442 433 448 413

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.1 17.0 14.5 17.0 19.0 17.4 17.1 17.7 16.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258 204 234 273 263 248 240 246 253

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.6 32.2 39.0 38.2 35.2 36.0 35.7 35.5 38.0

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,068 13,493 13,636 – – – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,465 8,715 8,693 – – – – – –

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.8 64.6 63.7 – – – – – –

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,917 8,355 8,271 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.6 61.9 60.7 – – – – – –

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 548 360 421 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 4.1 4.8 – – – – – –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,603 4,778 4,943 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are

introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population................ 37,094 37,955 37,976 37,094 37,713 37,796 37,876 37,955 37,976

Civilian labor force................................ 24,454 24,807 24,919 24,568 24,821 24,783 25,124 24,863 25,053

Participation rate............................... 65.9 65.4 65.6 66.2 65.8 65.6 66.3 65.5 66.0

Employed....................................... 21,875 22,741 22,647 22,196 22,601 22,543 22,949 22,805 22,961

Employment-population ratio............... 59.0 59.9 59.6 59.8 59.9 59.6 60.6 60.1 60.5

Unemployed.................................... 2,578 2,066 2,271 2,372 2,220 2,240 2,175 2,058 2,092

Unemployment rate......................... 10.5 8.3 9.1 9.7 8.9 9.0 8.7 8.3 8.4

Not in labor force................................. 12,640 13,148 13,058 12,526 12,892 13,013 12,753 13,092 12,923

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 13,465 13,799 13,811 – – – – – –

Participation rate............................... 80.6 80.5 80.5 – – – – – –

Employed....................................... 12,155 12,766 12,678 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio............... 72.7 74.4 73.9 – – – – – –

Unemployed.................................... 1,309 1,032 1,133 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate......................... 9.7 7.5 8.2 – – – – – –

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 9,903 9,978 10,108 – – – – – –

Participation rate............................... 59.2 58.2 58.9 – – – – – –

Employed....................................... 8,922 9,174 9,216 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio............... 53.3 53.5 53.7 – – – – – –

Unemployed.................................... 981 804 892 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate......................... 9.9 8.1 8.8 – – – – – –

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................ 1,086 1,030 1,000 – – – – – –

Participation rate............................... 29.8 28.2 27.4 – – – – – –

Employed....................................... 798 800 753 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio............... 21.9 21.9 20.7 – – – – – –

Unemployed.................................... 288 230 246 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate......................... 26.5 22.3 24.6 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................. 11,035 10,754 10,821 11,186 10,867 10,721 10,898 10,748 11,004

Participation rate.................................. 45.1 43.7 43.8 45.7 44.5 44.6 44.5 43.7 44.5

Employed.......................................... 9,502 9,641 9,618 9,848 9,739 9,563 9,741 9,699 9,953

Employment-population ratio................. 38.8 39.2 38.9 40.2 39.9 39.8 39.7 39.4 40.2

Unemployed....................................... 1,533 1,113 1,203 1,338 1,128 1,158 1,157 1,049 1,051

Unemployment rate............................ 13.9 10.4 11.1 12.0 10.4 10.8 10.6 9.8 9.6

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................. 36,709 36,473 35,973 36,560 36,589 36,311 35,895 36,242 35,924

Participation rate.................................. 59.0 58.4 58.2 58.7 58.9 58.4 58.2 58.0 58.1

Employed.......................................... 33,371 33,894 33,359 33,600 33,834 33,665 33,277 33,677 33,593

Employment-population ratio................. 53.6 54.3 54.0 54.0 54.5 54.2 53.9 53.9 54.3

Unemployed....................................... 3,338 2,580 2,614 2,960 2,756 2,646 2,618 2,565 2,331

Unemployment rate............................ 9.1 7.1 7.3 8.1 7.5 7.3 7.3 7.1 6.5

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................. 37,225 36,926 36,759 37,389 37,277 37,201 37,244 37,021 36,992

Participation rate.................................. 68.4 67.4 66.9 68.7 67.1 66.8 67.5 67.6 67.3

Employed.......................................... 34,496 34,730 34,448 34,776 35,007 34,852 34,872 34,750 34,758

Employment-population ratio................. 63.4 63.4 62.7 63.9 63.1 62.6 63.2 63.4 63.3

Unemployed....................................... 2,729 2,197 2,310 2,613 2,270 2,350 2,372 2,272 2,234

Unemployment rate............................ 7.3 5.9 6.3 7.0 6.1 6.3 6.4 6.1 6.0

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................. 48,968 49,612 50,404 49,006 49,195 49,329 49,929 49,759 50,427

Participation rate.................................. 75.7 75.0 75.6 75.8 75.3 75.0 75.2 75.3 75.7

Employed.......................................... 47,061 48,053 48,729 47,161 47,395 47,467 48,246 48,134 48,797

Employment-population ratio................. 72.8 72.7 73.1 72.9 72.6 72.2 72.7 72.8 73.2

Unemployed....................................... 1,907 1,559 1,676 1,844 1,800 1,863 1,683 1,625 1,629

Unemployment rate............................ 3.9 3.1 3.3 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.4 3.3 3.2

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2

Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2014

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,534 21,323 19,320 19,082 2,214 2,241

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,032 10,757 9,638 9,322 1,394 1,435

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.2 50.4 49.9 48.9 63.0 64.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,188 10,158 8,918 8,789 1,271 1,369

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.3 47.6 46.2 46.1 57.4 61.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 844 599 721 533 123 66

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 5.6 7.5 5.7 8.8 4.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,502 10,566 9,682 9,760 820 806

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,659 2,985 2,113 2,392 546 593

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,153 2,392 1,768 1,952 385 440

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.0 80.1 83.7 81.6 70.4 74.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,900 2,203 1,582 1,792 319 411

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.5 73.8 74.9 74.9 58.4 69.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252 189 186 160 66 29

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.7 7.9 10.5 8.2 17.1 6.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506 594 345 440 161 153

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,195 3,404 2,609 2,716 586 688

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,664 2,830 2,222 2,344 443 486

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.4 83.2 85.1 86.3 75.5 70.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,513 2,675 2,096 2,205 417 470

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.6 78.6 80.3 81.2 71.2 68.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 155 126 139 26 16

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 5.5 5.7 5.9 5.8 3.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531 573 388 372 143 202

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,039 9,591 9,662 9,231 377 360

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,076 2,746 2,956 2,662 120 84

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.6 28.6 30.6 28.8 31.9 23.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,834 2,626 2,722 2,546 111 80

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.2 27.4 28.2 27.6 29.6 22.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 120 233 116 9 4

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9 4.4 7.9 4.3 7.4 5.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,963 6,845 6,706 6,569 257 276

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,641 5,343 4,936 4,743 705 600

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,139 2,789 2,693 2,364 446 425

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.7 52.2 54.6 49.8 63.3 70.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,942 2,654 2,518 2,246 424 409

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.1 49.7 51.0 47.4 60.1 68.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 134 175 118 23 16

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 4.8 6.5 5.0 5.1 3.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,502 2,554 2,243 2,379 259 175

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214,154 216,676 94,148 95,646 120,006 121,030

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141,994 141,835 71,776 71,642 70,218 70,193

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.3 65.5 76.2 74.9 58.5 58.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130,156 131,956 65,340 66,214 64,817 65,742

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.8 60.9 69.4 69.2 54.0 54.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,837 9,879 6,436 5,427 5,401 4,451

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 7.0 9.0 7.6 7.7 6.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,160 74,841 22,372 24,004 49,788 50,837

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the

U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August

1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service

periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the

selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Beginning with data for January 2014, estimates for veterans incorporate updated

weighting procedures.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2014

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population...................................................... 28,573 28,532 216,090 218,382

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 5,950 5,190 148,844 149,190

Participation rate..................................................................... 20.8 18.2 68.9 68.3

Employed............................................................................. 5,134 4,502 136,480 139,024

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 18.0 15.8 63.2 63.7

Unemployed.......................................................................... 816 688 12,364 10,166

Unemployment rate............................................................... 13.7 13.3 8.3 6.8

Not in labor force....................................................................... 22,623 23,342 67,245 69,192

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,760 2,243 75,040 74,998

Participation rate..................................................................... 34.9 30.0 82.2 81.4

Employed............................................................................. 2,322 1,903 68,374 69,407

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 29.4 25.5 74.9 75.3

Unemployed.......................................................................... 438 340 6,665 5,591

Unemployment rate............................................................... 15.9 15.2 8.9 7.5

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,148 5,223 16,226 17,136

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,147 2,060 66,883 66,804

Participation rate..................................................................... 28.4 26.7 70.3 70.1

Employed............................................................................. 1,851 1,761 61,643 62,580

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 24.5 22.8 64.8 65.7

Unemployed.......................................................................... 296 299 5,240 4,224

Unemployment rate............................................................... 13.8 14.5 7.8 6.3

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,421 5,670 28,314 28,515

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 1,044 887 6,921 7,388

Participation rate..................................................................... 8.0 6.6 23.4 23.9

Employed............................................................................. 961 838 6,463 7,036

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 7.3 6.3 21.8 22.8

Unemployed.......................................................................... 82 49 459 352

Unemployment rate............................................................... 7.9 5.5 6.6 4.8

Not in labor force....................................................................... 12,054 12,449 22,705 23,541

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty

seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or

emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as

visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2014

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 37,952 38,165 18,492 18,466 19,461 19,699

Civilian labor force.................................................. 25,240 25,139 14,447 14,409 10,792 10,730

Participation rate.................................................. 66.5 65.9 78.1 78.0 55.5 54.5

Employed.......................................................... 23,089 23,467 13,287 13,478 9,802 9,989

Employment-population ratio................................. 60.8 61.5 71.9 73.0 50.4 50.7

Unemployed....................................................... 2,150 1,673 1,160 931 990 741

Unemployment rate............................................ 8.5 6.7 8.0 6.5 9.2 6.9

Not in labor force.................................................... 12,712 13,026 4,044 4,057 8,668 8,969

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 206,711 208,749 99,541 100,752 107,170 107,997

Civilian labor force.................................................. 129,555 129,241 67,802 67,395 61,753 61,846

Participation rate.................................................. 62.7 61.9 68.1 66.9 57.6 57.3

Employed.......................................................... 118,524 120,059 61,536 62,174 56,988 57,885

Employment-population ratio................................. 57.3 57.5 61.8 61.7 53.2 53.6

Unemployed....................................................... 11,030 9,182 6,266 5,222 4,764 3,961

Unemployment rate............................................ 8.5 7.1 9.2 7.7 7.7 6.4

Not in labor force.................................................... 77,156 79,508 31,739 33,356 45,417 46,151

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States

or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born

in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................. 1,895 2,075 1,999 2,057 2,208 2,208 2,139 2,229 2,183

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 1,123 1,301 1,252 1,248 1,399 1,348 1,310 1,377 1,391

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 736 742 720 768 774 796 780 812 760

Unpaid family workers........................... 36 32 27 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries.......................... 139,718 142,348 141,527 141,234 142,058 141,449 142,317 142,337 142,970

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 131,177 133,911 133,132 132,468 133,323 132,859 133,694 133,858 134,384

Government..................................... 20,759 20,280 20,564 20,635 20,172 19,706 20,086 20,063 20,383

Private industries............................... 110,418 113,631 112,568 111,813 113,138 113,184 113,610 113,818 114,001

Private households.......................... 799 837 806 – – – – – –

Other industries.............................. 109,619 112,794 111,762 110,986 112,454 112,370 112,760 112,918 113,164

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 8,463 8,380 8,321 8,728 8,614 8,528 8,547 8,506 8,569

Unpaid family workers........................... 78 57 73 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 8,628 7,990 7,771 7,983 7,914 8,016 7,723 7,771 7,257

Slack work or business conditions............. 5,732 5,022 4,924 5,117 4,955 5,025 4,869 4,884 4,405

Could only find part-time work.................. 2,540 2,579 2,483 2,613 2,548 2,585 2,499 2,592 2,571

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 18,596 19,194 19,473 18,556 18,919 18,755 18,858 18,731 19,165

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 8,506 7,848 7,617 7,879 7,850 7,921 7,619 7,650 7,130

Slack work or business conditions............. 5,649 4,927 4,834 5,045 4,895 4,967 4,807 4,801 4,327

Could only find part-time work.................. 2,530 2,570 2,468 2,610 2,548 2,593 2,484 2,586 2,550

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 18,259 18,836 19,118 18,366 18,627 18,438 18,593 18,436 18,856

1

Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for

the entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business

conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or

training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to

34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141,614 144,423 143,526 143,384 144,270 143,485 144,443 144,586 145,224

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,120 4,300 4,003 4,510 4,580 4,448 4,523 4,502 4,399

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,269 1,439 1,412 1,459 1,476 1,512 1,555 1,530 1,608

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,850 2,860 2,591 3,041 3,102 2,943 2,917 2,943 2,776

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137,494 140,124 139,523 138,874 139,690 139,037 139,920 140,083 140,825

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,064 13,806 13,369 13,436 13,689 13,685 13,733 13,875 13,761

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124,430 126,318 126,154 125,318 126,013 125,519 126,232 126,289 126,992

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93,418 94,708 94,512 94,159 94,492 94,014 94,562 94,660 95,212

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,775 31,651 31,485 31,116 31,287 31,206 31,430 31,546 31,776

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,270 30,736 30,866 30,497 30,761 30,579 30,682 30,741 31,059

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,373 32,321 32,161 32,546 32,443 32,228 32,450 32,372 32,377

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,012 31,609 31,642 31,159 31,521 31,505 31,670 31,629 31,780

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,823 76,403 75,652 76,228 76,464 76,014 76,560 76,723 77,060

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,918 2,128 1,903 2,144 2,313 2,206 2,188 2,257 2,144

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566 690 649 669 720 737 752 743 762

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,352 1,438 1,254 1,475 1,593 1,477 1,421 1,489 1,369

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,905 74,275 73,748 74,084 74,151 73,808 74,373 74,467 74,916

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,779 7,020 6,781 7,030 7,044 6,998 7,045 7,097 7,032

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,126 67,255 66,967 66,990 67,112 66,927 67,345 67,400 67,769

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,778 50,540 50,284 50,471 50,453 50,252 50,591 50,626 50,926

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,589 17,021 16,861 16,881 16,904 16,820 16,953 17,007 17,123

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,345 16,583 16,587 16,533 16,548 16,552 16,563 16,610 16,760

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,844 16,936 16,837 17,057 17,001 16,879 17,075 17,009 17,043

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,348 16,714 16,683 16,519 16,659 16,676 16,755 16,774 16,843

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,790 68,021 67,874 67,157 67,806 67,471 67,882 67,862 68,163

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,201 2,172 2,099 2,366 2,266 2,242 2,335 2,246 2,255

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 703 749 763 790 756 775 803 787 845

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,498 1,422 1,336 1,566 1,509 1,466 1,497 1,454 1,407

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,589 65,849 65,775 64,790 65,539 65,229 65,547 65,617 65,909

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,284 6,786 6,588 6,406 6,646 6,687 6,688 6,778 6,729

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,305 59,063 59,187 58,328 58,901 58,591 58,887 58,888 59,223

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,640 44,168 44,228 43,688 44,038 43,762 43,971 44,034 44,286

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,186 14,630 14,625 14,235 14,383 14,386 14,477 14,539 14,653

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,925 14,153 14,279 13,964 14,214 14,027 14,118 14,131 14,299

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,529 15,385 15,324 15,489 15,442 15,349 15,376 15,363 15,334

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,664 14,895 14,959 14,640 14,862 14,829 14,916 14,855 14,937

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,660 44,030 43,812 44,095 43,720 43,832 44,162 43,939 44,187

Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,488 34,807 34,628 34,313 34,523 34,333 34,366 34,404 34,448

Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,092 9,230 9,340 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,868 116,661 115,774 115,821 116,883 116,306 116,951 117,278 117,656

Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,746 27,762 27,752 27,532 27,421 27,211 27,461 27,372 27,540

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,738 6,934 6,685 6,902 7,007 6,948 6,880 6,877 6,849

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.7

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,244 5,433 5,452 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,200 9,122 9,042 9,496 9,388 9,323 9,327 9,317 9,329

1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over........................... 12,315 10,351 10,236 7.9 7.2 7.2 7.0 6.7 6.6

16 to 19 years..................................... 1,388 1,140 1,147 23.5 21.3 22.0 20.8 20.2 20.7

16 to 17 years.................................. 587 478 451 28.7 25.4 23.8 23.6 23.8 21.9

18 to 19 years.................................. 806 658 686 20.9 19.6 21.1 19.4 18.3 19.8

20 years and over................................ 10,927 9,212 9,089 7.3 6.7 6.6 6.5 6.2 6.1

20 to 24 years.................................. 2,244 1,733 1,862 14.3 12.8 12.2 11.6 11.1 11.9

25 years and over.............................. 8,754 7,469 7,203 6.5 5.9 6.0 5.8 5.6 5.4

25 to 54 years............................... 6,770 5,795 5,685 6.7 6.1 6.3 6.2 5.8 5.6

25 to 34 years............................. 2,586 2,326 2,312 7.7 7.3 7.2 7.4 6.9 6.8

35 to 44 years............................. 2,102 1,741 1,639 6.4 5.6 5.7 5.6 5.4 5.0

45 to 54 years............................. 2,083 1,728 1,733 6.0 5.5 5.9 5.4 5.1 5.1

55 years and over........................... 1,956 1,700 1,498 5.9 5.3 5.4 4.9 5.1 4.5

Men, 16 years and over............................ 6,673 5,599 5,602 8.0 7.7 7.5 7.3 6.8 6.8

16 to 19 years..................................... 773 602 627 26.5 24.1 24.4 23.3 21.1 22.6

16 to 17 years.................................. 312 242 228 31.8 28.0 23.3 24.7 24.6 23.0

18 to 19 years.................................. 459 348 386 23.7 22.6 25.3 22.7 18.9 22.0

20 years and over................................ 5,900 4,997 4,975 7.4 7.0 6.9 6.7 6.3 6.2

20 to 24 years.................................. 1,290 945 1,038 15.5 14.7 13.7 12.3 11.8 12.9

25 years and over.............................. 4,672 4,050 3,907 6.5 6.2 6.2 6.1 5.7 5.5

25 to 54 years............................... 3,587 3,111 3,091 6.6 6.4 6.4 6.3 5.8 5.7

25 to 34 years............................. 1,410 1,288 1,277 7.7 7.7 7.5 7.5 7.0 6.9

35 to 44 years............................. 1,083 931 877 6.1 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.3 5.0

45 to 54 years............................. 1,094 893 938 6.0 5.7 6.0 5.6 5.0 5.2

55 years and over........................... 1,085 938 816 6.2 5.5 5.6 5.2 5.3 4.6

Women, 16 years and over........................ 5,642 4,752 4,634 7.7 6.7 6.9 6.7 6.5 6.4

16 to 19 years..................................... 615 538 520 20.6 18.1 19.6 18.3 19.3 18.7

16 to 17 years.................................. 275 235 223 25.8 22.8 24.2 22.5 23.0 20.9

18 to 19 years.................................. 347 310 300 18.1 16.2 16.4 16.0 17.6 17.6

20 years and over................................ 5,027 4,214 4,114 7.2 6.2 6.4 6.2 6.0 5.9

20 to 24 years.................................. 954 787 824 13.0 10.7 10.7 10.9 10.4 10.9

25 years and over.............................. 4,082 3,420 3,296 6.5 5.6 5.9 5.6 5.5 5.3

25 to 54 years............................... 3,183 2,684 2,593 6.8 5.9 6.1 6.0 5.7 5.5

25 to 34 years............................. 1,176 1,038 1,035 7.6 6.9 6.9 7.3 6.7 6.6

35 to 44 years............................. 1,019 810 763 6.8 5.5 5.8 5.4 5.4 5.1

45 to 54 years............................. 988 835 796 6.0 5.3 5.7 5.2 5.2 4.9

55 years and over........................... 915 763 726 5.9 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.6

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present...................... 2,117 1,744 1,735 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.2 3.8 3.8

Married women, spouse present.................. 1,856 1,602 1,398 5.1 4.4 4.7 4.5 4.5 3.9

Women who maintain families1

.................... 1,156 884 934 11.3 8.8 9.5 9.7 8.7 9.1

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2................................... 10,638 8,566 8,746 8.4 7.5 7.6 7.3 6.8 6.9

Part-time workers3.................................. 1,790 1,722 1,492 6.1 5.8 5.5 5.6 5.9 5.1

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time

jobs.

3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from

part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 7,575 5,460 6,152 6,675 5,803 6,162 5,731 5,366 5,407

On temporary layoff.............................. 1,772 1,109 1,493 1,164 1,091 1,507 1,128 997 986

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 5,803 4,351 4,660 5,511 4,712 4,655 4,603 4,369 4,421

Permanent job losers.......................... 4,334 3,192 3,460 4,227 3,531 3,496 3,428 3,219 3,341

Persons who completed temporary jobs. . .. 1,469 1,159 1,199 1,284 1,181 1,159 1,174 1,150 1,080

Job leavers........................................... 1,014 802 825 984 984 842 890 862 818

Reentrants............................................ 3,497 2,715 2,869 3,520 3,165 3,104 3,065 3,036 2,937

New entrants......................................... 1,095 1,007 1,008 1,274 1,211 1,217 1,169 1,201 1,184

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 57.5 54.7 56.7 53.6 52.0 54.4 52.8 51.3 52.3

On temporary layoff.............................. 13.4 11.1 13.8 9.3 9.8 13.3 10.4 9.5 9.5

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 44.0 43.6 42.9 44.3 42.2 41.1 42.4 41.8 42.7

Job leavers........................................... 7.7 8.0 7.6 7.9 8.8 7.4 8.2 8.2 7.9

Reentrants............................................ 26.5 27.2 26.4 28.3 28.4 27.4 28.2 29.0 28.4

New entrants......................................... 8.3 10.1 9.3 10.2 10.9 10.7 10.8 11.5 11.4

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 4.9 3.5 4.0 4.3 3.7 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.5

Job leavers........................................... 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5

Reentrants............................................ 2.3 1.8 1.9 2.3 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.9

New entrants......................................... 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 3,246 2,236 2,876 2,753 2,571 2,794 2,439 2,255 2,434

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 3,316 2,376 2,587 3,077 2,685 2,636 2,585 2,506 2,429

15 weeks and over.................................. 6,618 5,372 5,392 6,573 5,927 5,824 5,786 5,530 5,336

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 1,854 1,619 1,702 1,867 1,802 1,777 1,742 1,651 1,689

27 weeks and over............................... 4,764 3,753 3,690 4,707 4,125 4,047 4,044 3,878 3,646

Average (mean) duration, in weeks............... 33.6 36.2 33.3 35.4 36.8 36.0 37.1 37.1 35.4

Median duration, in weeks......................... 14.7 17.5 14.3 16.0 16.4 16.5 17.0 17.1 16.0

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 24.6 22.4 26.5 22.2 23.0 24.8 22.6 21.9 23.9

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 25.2 23.8 23.8 24.8 24.0 23.4 23.9 24.4 23.8

15 weeks and over.................................. 50.2 53.8 49.7 53.0 53.0 51.7 53.5 53.7 52.3

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 14.1 16.2 15.7 15.0 16.1 15.8 16.1 16.0 16.6

27 weeks and over............................... 36.1 37.6 34.0 37.9 36.9 36.0 37.4 37.7 35.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2014

Total, 16 years and over1............................................. 141,614 143,526 13,181 10,855 8.5 7.0

Management, professional, and related occupations........... 54,214 55,096 2,211 1,784 3.9 3.1

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations..................................................... 22,580 22,498 950 796 4.0 3.4

Professional and related occupations.......................... 31,634 32,598 1,261 988 3.8 2.9

Service occupations................................................ 25,038 25,286 2,778 2,338 10.0 8.5

Sales and office occupations...................................... 33,181 33,232 3,070 2,544 8.5 7.1

Sales and related occupations.................................. 15,254 15,483 1,423 1,253 8.5 7.5

Office and administrative support occupations............... 17,927 17,750 1,647 1,291 8.4 6.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations........................................................ 12,472 12,921 1,916 1,470 13.3 10.2

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.................... 792 888 180 146 18.5 14.2

Construction and extraction occupations...................... 6,861 7,094 1,387 1,059 16.8 13.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations........... 4,819 4,939 349 265 6.8 5.1

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations........................................................ 16,708 16,991 2,083 1,672 11.1 9.0

Production occupations.......................................... 8,251 8,365 962 709 10.4 7.8

Transportation and material moving occupations............ 8,457 8,627 1,121 963 11.7 10.0

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2014

Total, 16 years and over1................................................................ 13,181 10,855 8.5 7.0

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers.................................. 10,435 8,437 8.6 7.0

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.................................... 97 72 9.6 6.5

Construction.......................................................................... 1,322 1,045 16.1 12.3

Manufacturing........................................................................ 1,206 867 7.9 5.6

Durable goods..................................................................... 683 503 7.1 5.1

Nondurable goods................................................................ 523 364 9.1 6.4

Wholesale and retail trade......................................................... 1,679 1,579 8.2 7.8

Transportation and utilities......................................................... 474 411 7.7 6.8

Information............................................................................ 236 196 8.2 6.6

Financial activities................................................................... 507 360 5.5 3.8

Professional and business services............................................... 1,575 1,308 10.4 8.4

Education and health services..................................................... 1,205 906 5.4 4.1

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 1,612 1,231 12.0 9.5

Other services........................................................................ 521 461 7.9 7.4

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers......................... 166 179 13.1 13.0

Government workers................................................................... 912 725 4.2 3.4

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............ 573 505 5.8 5.2

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Sept.

2013

Oct.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013

Jan.

2014

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,

as a percent of the civilian labor force......... 4.3 3.5 3.5 4.2 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.4

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force......................................... 4.9 3.5 4.0 4.3 3.7 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.5

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate)................................................ 8.5 6.5 7.0 7.9 7.2 7.2 7.0 6.7 6.6

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged

workers, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus discouraged workers................. 9.0 7.0 7.5 8.4 7.7 7.7 7.4 7.2 7.1

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged

workers, plus all other persons marginally

attached to the labor force, as a percent of

the civilian labor force plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . .. 9.9 7.9 8.6 9.3 8.6 8.6 8.2 8.1 8.1

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic

reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus all persons marginally attached to

the labor force..................................... 15.4 13.0 13.5 14.4 13.6 13.7 13.1 13.1 12.7

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and

are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have

given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are

available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2014

Jan.

2013

Jan.

2014

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force........................................... 89,868 92,534 35,783 37,414 54,085 55,120

Persons who currently want a job................................ 6,781 6,508 3,221 3,146 3,559 3,363

Marginally attached to the labor force1........................ 2,443 2,592 1,323 1,317 1,120 1,275

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 804 837 516 466 288 370

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. .. 1,639 1,755 806 851 832 904

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4

............................................. 6,738 6,685 3,285 3,210 3,453 3,475

Percent of total employed.......................................... 4.8 4.7 4.4 4.2 5.2 5.1

Primary job full time, secondary job part time................... 3,524 3,412 1,924 1,822 1,600 1,590

Primary and secondary jobs both part time..................... 1,786 1,892 544 670 1,242 1,222

Primary and secondary jobs both full time....................... 211 236 111 155 100 81

Hours vary on primary or secondary job......................... 1,171 1,092 680 539 491 553

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference

week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks

schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and

transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4

Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

Change

from:

Dec.2013 -

Jan.2014p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133,074 138,536 138,266 135,396 135,261 137,311 137,386 137,499 113

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111,342 116,196 116,058 113,712 113,395 115,455 115,544 115,686 142

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,071 18,928 18,700 18,373 18,579 18,824 18,811 18,887 76

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 838 881 879 875 854 882 883 890 7

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.9 56.7 54.8 53.7 49.9 55.2 54.4 54.1 -0.3

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 789.2 824.7 823.9 821.2 803.7 826.7 828.8 836.0 7.2

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192.3 202.6 204.3 206.1 193.2 203.1 204.2 206.0 1.8

Mining, except oil and gas1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204.9 211.5 206.2 203.0 215.0 211.8 210.0 212.5 2.5

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.2 79.2 79.9 79.7 78.6 80.2 80.2 80.4 0.2

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392.0 410.6 413.4 412.1 395.5 411.8 414.6 417.5 2.9

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,353 5,996 5,773 5,533 5,743 5,896 5,874 5,922 48

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,208.7 1,331.5 1,312.2 1,276.7 1,262.6 1,312.6 1,315.2 1,336.7 21.5

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 565.1 639.5 632.7 613.1 594.4 630.0 633.4 646.6 13.2

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643.6 692.0 679.5 663.6 668.2 682.6 681.8 690.1 8.3

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . 773.8 919.8 838.6 787.6 880.0 889.8 876.7 886.8 10.1

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,370.2 3,744.2 3,621.9 3,468.7 3,600.7 3,694.0 3,681.8 3,698.3 16.5

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . 1,409.8 1,601.3 1,545.4 1,476.4 1,515.2 1,579.7 1,580.8 1,584.4 3.6

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 1,960.4 2,142.9 2,076.5 1,992.3 2,085.5 2,114.3 2,101.0 2,113.9 12.9

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,880 12,051 12,048 11,965 11,982 12,046 12,054 12,075 21

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,468 7,583 7,583 7,543 7,514 7,581 7,583 7,598 15

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340.7 358.5 356.7 354.4 346.4 357.8 358.0 362.6 4.6

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354.6 383.2 373.8 365.2 369.7 380.4 378.2 379.2 1.0

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397.9 393.1 396.2 394.9 399.0 394.3 397.3 395.1 -2.2

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,412.3 1,444.8 1,444.5 1,435.2 1,420.4 1,443.8 1,445.9 1,447.7 1.8

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,100.9 1,105.5 1,107.4 1,107.8 1,102.8 1,107.4 1,106.4 1,113.4 7.0

Computer and electronic products1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,071.3 1,062.3 1,059.4 1,052.8 1,073.6 1,063.2 1,057.7 1,055.4 -2.3

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . 156.0 160.1 160.9 159.9 156.6 160.1 160.2 158.8 -1.4

Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.5 100.4 100.1 99.6 104.5 100.3 99.7 99.5 -0.2

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377.5 373.1 372.6 370.2 378.3 373.6 372.5 372.5 0.0

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394.0 390.3 387.6 385.6 394.7 391.4 387.5 387.0 -0.5

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . 373.8 374.2 376.9 373.2 374.4 374.5 375.5 373.1 -2.4

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,488.9 1,515.8 1,523.2 1,523.1 1,491.4 1,515.7 1,519.8 1,525.7 5.9

Motor vehicles and parts2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 797.6 838.8 844.0 844.2 799.6 838.4 841.7 846.4 4.7

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349.9 361.9 362.5 359.1 355.2 364.1 364.3 365.1 0.8

Miscellaneous durable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577.9 583.5 581.9 577.7 581.3 580.1 580.1 580.5 0.4

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,412 4,468 4,465 4,422 4,468 4,465 4,471 4,477 6

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,442.0 1,483.4 1,483.7 1,454.9 1,470.9 1,478.7 1,484.4 1,487.2 2.8

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.3 117.1 117.7 115.6 117.3 116.6 117.8 115.9 -1.9

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115.5 113.6 112.5 110.4 116.4 113.0 111.9 111.5 -0.4

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.3 140.2 138.9 138.5 147.4 139.7 139.1 138.7 -0.4

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378.8 376.6 378.1 376.7 379.7 377.5 377.7 377.8 0.1

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . 452.7 445.0 444.8 440.7 455.8 443.7 443.3 442.4 -0.9

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109.7 111.1 108.9 108.2 113.7 110.9 111.1 112.7 1.6

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 787.1 791.2 794.2 794.2 789.3 794.4 794.9 796.1 1.2

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 644.8 656.6 658.3 657.0 651.8 658.6 660.4 663.2 2.8

Miscellaneous nondurable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219.9 233.0 227.9 225.6 225.9 232.2 230.8 231.8 1.0

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93,271 97,268 97,358 95,339 94,816 96,631 96,733 96,799 66

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,505 26,600 26,887 26,015 25,691 26,090 26,172 26,182 10

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,663.0 5,798.6 5,805.1 5,761.5 5,714.4 5,785.8 5,796.0 5,809.9 13.9

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,841.3 2,897.4 2,897.2 2,888.3 2,859.2 2,894.0 2,895.1 2,900.6 5.5

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,955.8 1,998.0 1,996.1 1,975.3 1,981.6 1,990.9 1,993.2 2,003.0 9.8

Electronic markets and agents and

brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 865.9 903.2 911.8 897.9 873.6 900.9 907.7 906.3 -1.4

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,852.1 15,645.5 15,828.9 15,168.8 14,943.5 15,209.7 15,272.4 15,259.5 -12.9

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,737.2 1,815.1 1,812.0 1,800.0 1,766.9 1,816.6 1,823.5 1,830.0 6.5

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,107.1 1,152.4 1,152.1 1,148.5 1,118.8 1,152.6 1,157.4 1,160.8 3.4

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

Change

from:

Dec.2013 -

Jan.2014p

Retail trade - Continued

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . 447.3 465.7 474.7 450.0 442.0 445.7 448.5 445.9 -2.6

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 515.7 542.9 545.3 530.8 508.1 513.3 516.6 519.8 3.2

Building material and garden supply

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,126.6 1,198.8 1,186.9 1,160.3 1,186.4 1,224.8 1,223.2 1,222.1 -1.1

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,883.7 2,986.3 3,006.4 2,960.8 2,896.3 2,960.5 2,976.5 2,971.7 -4.8

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,007.9 1,032.4 1,042.7 1,025.3 1,007.2 1,018.9 1,024.2 1,023.7 -0.5

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 838.6 875.0 870.1 862.6 852.3 872.8 872.4 874.6 2.2

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . 1,420.8 1,518.6 1,576.8 1,418.3 1,414.5 1,388.9 1,404.2 1,402.3 -1.9

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 596.1 653.8 671.8 596.6 587.1 609.5 617.6 595.3 -22.3

General merchandise stores1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,041.6 3,252.8 3,328.9 3,121.1 3,031.5 3,099.6 3,106.0 3,113.0 7.0

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,377.4 1,449.8 1,505.4 1,370.0 1,356.0 1,347.2 1,348.9 1,350.7 1.8

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 778.4 805.2 804.7 774.4 797.1 792.8 790.3 792.0 1.7

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458.2 498.9 508.6 468.6 454.1 466.3 469.4 469.1 -0.3

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,440.3 4,604.5 4,702.4 4,536.4 4,481.4 4,542.1 4,552.7 4,562.6 9.9

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446.0 448.7 453.0 451.7 450.4 450.4 453.9 453.7 -0.2

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230.2 233.1 232.6 231.6 232.3 232.6 233.0 232.1 -0.9

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.6 65.5 65.5 65.0 64.4 66.1 66.1 66.1 0.0

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,343.7 1,397.1 1,385.2 1,358.7 1,371.2 1,387.8 1,387.9 1,391.1 3.2

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460.0 469.2 471.2 464.3 446.7 452.1 453.6 450.8 -2.8

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.3 44.6 44.8 45.0 43.2 44.9 44.7 45.0 0.3

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . 20.5 25.4 24.9 22.5 28.7 28.5 29.3 29.9 0.6

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . 591.0 597.9 601.4 600.7 593.8 597.4 597.9 602.7 4.8

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 546.9 583.4 680.6 582.3 548.0 560.9 562.8 572.9 10.1

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 696.1 739.6 743.2 714.6 702.7 721.4 723.5 718.3 -5.2

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 549.7 551.1 550.1 548.0 552.0 552.6 551.1 549.6 -1.5

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,635 2,699 2,681 2,636 2,673 2,689 2,679 2,679 0

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . 732.1 733.6 734.6 726.2 735.6 731.2 730.9 730.0 -0.9

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315.7 351.1 326.2 306.8 348.3 346.8 335.5 341.6 6.1

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284.4 288.6 287.2 286.3 285.0 287.2 286.1 286.8 0.7

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 853.5 858.3 862.2 847.8 851.7 856.0 857.6 847.4 -10.2

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263.0 268.2 271.0 269.2 265.3 268.5 269.8 271.6 1.8

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186.6 199.3 200.1 199.4 187.5 199.2 198.8 201.1 2.3

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,783 7,897 7,912 7,850 7,835 7,899 7,902 7,900 -2

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,850.2 5,888.8 5,898.4 5,865.6 5,861.8 5,881.3 5,882.2 5,874.7 -7.5

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . 17.5 18.6 18.0 18.1 17.7 18.2 18.2 18.3 0.1

Credit intermediation and related

activities1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,614.0 2,603.8 2,602.1 2,583.6 2,616.9 2,601.1 2,595.8 2,586.4 -9.4

Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . . 1,742.1 1,717.0 1,716.1 1,711.6 1,742.4 1,719.0 1,714.0 1,710.9 -3.1

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,322.4 1,292.4 1,290.7 1,287.8 1,322.9 1,294.3 1,289.2 1,286.4 -2.8

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . . 854.5 866.1 870.3 868.6 857.9 865.6 869.4 871.5 2.1

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . 2,364.2 2,400.3 2,408.0 2,395.3 2,369.3 2,396.4 2,398.8 2,398.5 -0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,932.4 2,007.8 2,013.7 1,984.4 1,973.3 2,017.7 2,019.6 2,025.5 5.9

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,411.8 1,465.1 1,472.3 1,450.1 1,436.8 1,470.1 1,470.5 1,475.2 4.7

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497.1 519.9 518.5 512.4 512.8 525.1 526.6 528.0 1.4

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . 23.5 22.8 22.9 21.9 23.7 22.5 22.5 22.3 -0.2

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,845 18,975 18,903 18,545 18,210 18,826 18,830 18,866 36

Professional and technical services1

. . . . . . . . . . . 8,012.8 8,209.3 8,235.7 8,233.0 8,000.4 8,218.4 8,198.1 8,218.5 20.4

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,122.8 1,137.7 1,138.9 1,129.7 1,130.2 1,135.6 1,135.2 1,137.2 2.0

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . 989.3 899.7 919.0 1,003.6 899.5 946.0 914.0 919.0 5.0

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . 1,314.0 1,373.2 1,373.3 1,361.3 1,334.9 1,370.6 1,373.4 1,378.2 4.8

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,659.2 1,731.5 1,727.5 1,721.5 1,668.3 1,722.4 1,723.5 1,728.2 4.7

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,131.4 1,207.7 1,215.1 1,189.2 1,145.7 1,197.7 1,201.8 1,202.4 0.6

Management of companies and enterprises. . . 2,059.8 2,109.5 2,112.3 2,103.9 2,067.8 2,107.5 2,108.1 2,110.5 2.4

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

Change

from:

Dec.2013 -

Jan.2014p

Professional and business services - Continued

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,772.0 8,656.0 8,554.5 8,207.9 8,141.3 8,500.3 8,523.8 8,537.0 13.2

Administrative and support services1. . . . . . . . 7,402.7 8,281.2 8,182.8 7,840.0 7,765.7 8,125.0 8,149.1 8,163.5 14.4

Employment services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,031.8 3,543.6 3,549.3 3,327.3 3,200.9 3,427.9 3,458.4 3,470.3 11.9

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,409.3 2,843.8 2,854.7 2,663.2 2,551.1 2,741.6 2,771.7 2,779.8 8.1

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 835.1 883.5 880.5 862.1 834.3 864.3 858.4 859.5 1.1

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . 1,681.0 1,917.5 1,827.3 1,740.7 1,849.9 1,905.4 1,902.5 1,902.7 0.2

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369.3 374.8 371.7 367.9 375.6 375.3 374.7 373.5 -1.2

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,791 21,488 21,419 21,095 20,921 21,237 21,233 21,227 -6

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,232.9 3,551.9 3,472.5 3,258.4 3,329.2 3,362.6 3,358.2 3,350.5 -7.7

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,558.5 17,935.7 17,946.8 17,836.4 17,592.1 17,874.1 17,875.2 17,876.7 1.5

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,365.7 14,635.2 14,649.9 14,558.5 14,406.1 14,602.4 14,604.8 14,604.4 -0.4

Ambulatory health care services1. . . . . . . . . 6,389.0 6,583.8 6,591.2 6,553.7 6,411.9 6,565.8 6,566.6 6,575.6 9.0

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,414.4 2,464.6 2,477.0 2,459.0 2,418.5 2,456.8 2,459.9 2,460.8 0.9

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 663.7 697.7 702.8 699.3 665.2 697.6 701.1 701.3 0.2

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,203.8 1,271.2 1,266.8 1,255.2 1,210.3 1,266.1 1,263.1 1,263.7 0.6

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,780.7 4,806.8 4,805.0 4,780.1 4,786.5 4,797.5 4,792.8 4,788.3 -4.5

Nursing and residential care facilities1

. . . . 3,196.0 3,244.6 3,253.7 3,224.7 3,207.7 3,239.1 3,245.4 3,240.5 -4.9

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,651.3 1,651.8 1,652.3 1,640.0 1,655.1 1,649.3 1,647.9 1,647.2 -0.7

Social assistance1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,192.8 3,300.5 3,296.9 3,277.9 3,186.0 3,271.7 3,270.4 3,272.3 1.9

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 855.0 866.0 863.3 860.6 846.0 849.7 849.8 851.1 1.3

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,324 14,148 14,095 13,782 14,028 14,417 14,437 14,461 24

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,768.6 1,915.8 1,916.8 1,859.6 2,002.1 2,075.6 2,083.0 2,089.4 6.4

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . 364.3 421.7 413.0 391.0 408.9 435.8 430.6 432.4 1.8

Museums, historical sites, and similar

institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126.4 137.2 134.1 128.7 138.8 142.3 141.1 141.2 0.1

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . 1,277.9 1,356.9 1,369.7 1,339.9 1,454.4 1,497.5 1,511.3 1,515.8 4.5

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . 11,555.3 12,232.4 12,177.8 11,922.3 12,025.4 12,341.0 12,354.4 12,371.1 16.7

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,745.8 1,808.2 1,799.0 1,764.9 1,844.6 1,865.8 1,865.6 1,867.5 1.9

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 9,809.5 10,424.2 10,378.8 10,157.4 10,180.8 10,475.2 10,488.8 10,503.6 14.8

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,388 5,461 5,461 5,416 5,458 5,473 5,480 5,484 4

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,194.3 1,202.4 1,204.6 1,195.3 1,209.8 1,206.5 1,211.8 1,208.6 -3.2

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,315.2 1,347.9 1,349.8 1,335.7 1,333.9 1,348.8 1,349.2 1,356.1 6.9

Membership associations and organizations. . . 2,878.4 2,910.5 2,907.0 2,885.0 2,914.1 2,917.2 2,918.9 2,919.6 0.7

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,732 22,340 22,208 21,684 21,866 21,856 21,842 21,813 -29

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,786.0 2,730.0 2,741.0 2,707.0 2,809.0 2,739.0 2,736.0 2,724.0 -12.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,185.2 2,139.3 2,137.5 2,117.2 2,206.0 2,147.6 2,141.6 2,137.6 -4.0

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600.6 590.4 603.3 590.2 602.6 591.5 594.4 585.9 -8.5

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,928.0 5,241.0 5,168.0 4,957.0 5,034.0 5,060.0 5,059.0 5,053.0 -6.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,273.9 2,595.0 2,526.2 2,314.9 2,371.3 2,404.7 2,406.2 2,400.8 -5.4

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 2,654.0 2,645.8 2,641.9 2,642.0 2,662.2 2,655.6 2,652.3 2,652.2 -0.1

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,018.0 14,369.0 14,299.0 14,020.0 14,023.0 14,057.0 14,047.0 14,036.0 -11.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,880.0 8,140.8 8,092.7 7,864.4 7,763.4 7,780.8 7,765.9 7,757.2 -8.7

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 6,138.1 6,227.7 6,206.2 6,155.8 6,259.7 6,276.4 6,280.7 6,278.9 -1.8

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3

Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2013 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 34.4 34.5 34.4 34.4

Goods-producing.................................................................... 40.2 40.6 40.4 40.2

Mining and logging................................................................ 42.7 44.6 44.6 44.0

Construction....................................................................... 38.9 39.2 38.8 38.6

Manufacturing..................................................................... 40.6 41.0 40.9 40.7

Durable goods.................................................................. 40.9 41.5 41.4 41.1

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 40.1 40.1 40.2 40.0

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.2 33.3 33.2 33.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 34.4 34.4 34.5 34.4

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.5 38.9 38.6 38.7

Retail trade...................................................................... 31.4 31.2 31.3 31.1

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.5 38.7 38.9 38.9

Utilities........................................................................... 42.1 42.0 42.0 42.1

Information......................................................................... 36.4 36.8 36.9 36.8

Financial activities................................................................ 37.0 37.2 37.0 37.1

Professional and business services............................................ 36.0 36.2 36.1 36.2

Education and health services.................................................. 32.7 32.7 32.7 32.7

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 26.1 26.0 25.8 25.9

Other services..................................................................... 31.6 31.7 31.7 31.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.4

Durable goods....................................................................... 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.4

Nondurable goods................................................................... 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.4

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2013 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

Total private............................................... $23.75 $24.15 $24.16 $24.21 $817.00 $833.18 $831.10 $832.82

Goods-producing....................................... 24.85 25.38 25.42 25.45 998.97 1,030.43 1,026.97 1,023.09

Mining and logging.................................. 29.03 30.50 30.55 30.52 1,239.58 1,360.30 1,362.53 1,342.88

Construction.......................................... 25.97 26.23 26.32 26.34 1,010.23 1,028.22 1,021.22 1,016.72

Manufacturing........................................ 24.03 24.58 24.59 24.64 975.62 1,007.78 1,005.73 1,002.85

Durable goods.................................... 25.44 25.98 26.01 26.08 1,040.50 1,078.17 1,076.81 1,071.89

Nondurable goods................................ 21.61 22.12 22.13 22.13 866.56 887.01 889.63 885.20

Private service-providing.............................. 23.49 23.86 23.86 23.91 779.87 794.54 792.15 793.81

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 20.79 21.17 21.11 21.25 715.18 728.25 728.30 731.00

Wholesale trade.................................. 27.31 27.96 27.90 28.11 1,051.44 1,087.64 1,076.94 1,087.86

Retail trade........................................ 16.54 16.71 16.65 16.77 519.36 521.35 521.15 521.55

Transportation and warehousing............... 22.09 22.65 22.67 22.68 850.47 876.56 881.86 882.25

Utilities............................................. 35.04 35.13 35.46 35.40 1,475.18 1,475.46 1,489.32 1,490.34

Information........................................... 32.43 33.43 33.39 33.26 1,180.45 1,230.22 1,232.09 1,223.97

Financial activities................................... 29.92 30.32 30.33 30.38 1,107.04 1,127.90 1,122.21 1,127.10

Professional and business services.............. 28.41 28.73 28.78 28.80 1,022.76 1,040.03 1,038.96 1,042.56

Education and health services..................... 24.26 24.57 24.57 24.57 793.30 803.44 803.44 803.44

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 13.38 13.59 13.64 13.66 349.22 353.34 351.91 353.79

Other services....................................... 21.14 21.65 21.70 21.81 668.02 686.31 687.89 691.38

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2013 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

Percent

change

from:

Dec.

2013 -

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

Percent

change

from:

Dec.

2013 -

Jan.

2014p

Total private..................................... 97.5 99.6 99.4 99.5 0.1 110.5 114.8 114.6 114.9 0.3

Goods-producing............................. 85.1 87.1 86.6 86.5 -0.1 95.6 99.9 99.5 99.5 0.0

Mining and logging........................ 114.6 123.6 123.7 123.1 -0.5 133.6 151.4 151.8 150.8 -0.7

Construction................................ 77.0 79.7 78.6 78.8 0.3 86.9 90.8 89.8 90.2 0.4

Manufacturing.............................. 87.5 88.9 88.7 88.4 -0.3 97.8 101.6 101.4 101.3 -0.1

Durable goods........................... 86.5 88.6 88.4 87.9 -0.6 97.8 102.2 102.1 101.8 -0.3

Nondurable goods...................... 89.4 89.4 89.7 89.4 -0.3 98.0 100.3 100.7 100.4 -0.3

Private service-providing.................... 100.7 103.0 102.8 102.8 0.0 114.7 119.1 118.9 119.2 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 96.1 97.6 98.2 98.0 -0.2 107.6 111.2 111.6 112.0 0.4

Wholesale trade......................... 96.0 98.2 97.6 98.1 0.5 109.4 114.6 113.7 115.1 1.2

Retail trade.............................. 95.3 96.4 97.1 96.4 -0.7 104.2 106.5 106.9 106.9 0.0

Transportation and warehousing...... 98.7 100.6 101.4 101.6 0.2 110.7 115.6 116.6 116.9 0.3

Utilities.................................... 100.5 100.4 100.1 100.1 0.0 116.4 116.6 117.3 117.1 -0.2

Information................................. 88.9 90.4 90.3 90.0 -0.3 102.6 107.6 107.3 106.6 -0.7

Financial activities......................... 94.9 96.2 95.8 96.0 0.2 110.8 113.8 113.3 113.7 0.4

Professional and business services..... 103.1 107.2 106.9 107.4 0.5 118.7 124.8 124.7 125.3 0.5

Education and health services........... 109.8 111.5 111.4 111.4 0.0 125.5 129.0 129.0 128.9 -0.1

Leisure and hospitality.................... 104.5 107.0 106.3 106.9 0.6 112.8 117.3 117.0 117.8 0.7

Other services............................. 95.6 96.1 96.2 96.3 0.1 114.6 118.1 118.5 119.2 0.6

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2013 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

Total nonfarm............................................. 66,853 67,906 67,942 67,891 49.4 49.5 49.5 49.4

Total private............................................ 54,398 55,426 55,472 55,451 48.0 48.0 48.0 47.9

Goods-producing.................................... 4,107 4,136 4,133 4,136 22.1 22.0 22.0 21.9

Mining and logging............................... 115 117 117 118 13.5 13.3 13.3 13.3

Construction....................................... 735 749 746 749 12.8 12.7 12.7 12.6

Manufacturing..................................... 3,257 3,270 3,270 3,269 27.2 27.1 27.1 27.1

Durable goods.................................. 1,736 1,749 1,750 1,749 23.1 23.1 23.1 23.0

Nondurable goods............................. 1,521 1,521 1,520 1,520 34.0 34.1 34.0 34.0

Private service-providing........................... 50,291 51,290 51,339 51,315 53.0 53.1 53.1 53.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............. 10,342 10,595 10,642 10,635 40.3 40.6 40.7 40.6

Wholesale trade................................ 1,697.5 1,718.2 1,722.4 1,725.1 29.7 29.7 29.7 29.7

Retail trade..................................... 7,460.3 7,669.9 7,707.7 7,702.7 49.9 50.4 50.5 50.5

Transportation and warehousing............. 1,047.0 1,070.9 1,076.8 1,072.9 23.4 23.6 23.7 23.5

Utilities........................................... 137.3 135.8 134.9 134.5 24.9 24.6 24.5 24.5

Information......................................... 1,073 1,077 1,074 1,071 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.0

Financial activities................................ 4,536 4,541 4,535 4,533 57.9 57.5 57.4 57.4

Professional and business services............ 8,088 8,394 8,389 8,375 44.4 44.6 44.6 44.4

Education and health services.................. 16,085 16,309 16,307 16,304 76.9 76.8 76.8 76.8

Leisure and hospitality........................... 7,300 7,502 7,519 7,522 52.0 52.0 52.1 52.0

Other services..................................... 2,867 2,872 2,873 2,875 52.5 52.5 52.4 52.4

Government............................................. 12,455 12,480 12,470 12,440 57.0 57.1 57.1 57.0

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2013 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

Total private............................................................................... 93,686 95,397 95,448 95,547

Goods-producing....................................................................... 13,391 13,556 13,537 13,607

Mining and logging.................................................................. 631 648 649 653

Construction.......................................................................... 4,337 4,466 4,444 4,487

Manufacturing........................................................................ 8,423 8,442 8,444 8,467

Durable goods..................................................................... 5,175 5,209 5,203 5,215

Nondurable goods................................................................ 3,248 3,233 3,241 3,252

Private service-providing.............................................................. 80,295 81,841 81,911 81,940

Trade, transportation, and utilities................................................. 21,755 22,051 22,118 22,130

Wholesale trade................................................................... 4,602.5 4,670.8 4,674.1 4,686.2

Retail trade........................................................................ 12,831.5 13,007.9 13,061.3 13,043.2

Transportation and warehousing................................................ 3,877.5 3,925.7 3,937.2 3,955.6

Utilities.............................................................................. 443.9 446.9 445.8 444.9

Information............................................................................ 2,164 2,177 2,171 2,171

Financial activities................................................................... 6,028 6,082 6,083 6,076

Professional and business services............................................... 15,041 15,590 15,586 15,596

Education and health services..................................................... 18,362 18,646 18,643 18,632

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 12,379 12,734 12,745 12,769

Other services........................................................................ 4,566 4,561 4,565 4,566

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2013 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 33.6 33.7 33.5 33.5

Goods-producing.................................................................... 41.0 41.4 41.2 41.0

Mining and logging................................................................ 44.5 46.1 46.7 46.1

Construction....................................................................... 39.3 39.7 39.0 38.9

Manufacturing..................................................................... 41.6 42.0 41.9 41.7

Durable goods.................................................................. 41.9 42.5 42.3 42.0

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 41.2 41.2 41.3 41.2

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 33.5 33.6 33.6 33.4

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.6 38.8 38.5 38.5

Retail trade...................................................................... 30.0 30.0 30.0 29.7

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.2 38.5 38.6 38.8

Utilities........................................................................... 41.2 41.5 41.7 41.8

Information......................................................................... 35.8 35.9 36.0 35.9

Financial activities................................................................ 36.6 36.7 36.6 36.6

Professional and business services............................................ 35.3 35.5 35.2 35.4

Education and health services.................................................. 32.2 32.1 31.9 32.0

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 25.0 25.0 24.8 24.9

Other services..................................................................... 30.6 30.8 30.6 30.6

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 4.3 4.5 4.5 4.3

Durable goods....................................................................... 4.3 4.7 4.6 4.3

Nondurable goods................................................................... 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.3

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2013 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

Total private............................................... $19.95 $20.30 $20.33 $20.39 $670.32 $684.11 $681.06 $683.07

Goods-producing....................................... 21.07 21.35 21.38 21.40 863.87 883.89 880.86 877.40

Mining and logging.................................. 26.27 27.08 26.96 26.98 1,169.02 1,248.39 1,259.03 1,243.78

Construction.......................................... 24.17 24.24 24.32 24.34 949.88 962.33 948.48 946.83

Manufacturing........................................ 19.15 19.42 19.46 19.47 796.64 815.64 815.37 811.90

Durable goods.................................... 20.20 20.48 20.51 20.54 846.38 870.40 867.57 862.68

Nondurable goods................................ 17.45 17.66 17.72 17.72 718.94 727.59 731.84 730.06

Private service-providing.............................. 19.71 20.08 20.11 20.17 638.60 650.59 649.55 651.49

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 17.57 17.97 17.94 18.05 588.60 603.79 602.78 602.87

Wholesale trade.................................. 22.34 22.93 22.86 23.07 862.32 889.68 880.11 888.20

Retail trade........................................ 13.91 14.16 14.13 14.19 417.30 424.80 423.90 421.44

Transportation and warehousing............... 19.54 20.09 20.12 20.10 746.43 773.47 776.63 779.88

Utilities............................................. 32.17 32.43 32.74 32.68 1,325.40 1,345.85 1,365.26 1,366.02

Information........................................... 27.85 28.23 28.35 28.54 997.03 1,013.46 1,020.60 1,024.59

Financial activities................................... 23.43 24.17 24.22 24.28 857.54 887.04 886.45 888.65

Professional and business services.............. 23.59 23.84 23.91 23.96 832.73 846.32 841.63 848.18

Education and health services..................... 21.09 21.46 21.50 21.54 679.10 688.87 685.85 689.28

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 11.65 11.83 11.91 11.87 291.25 295.75 295.37 295.56

Other services....................................... 17.78 18.23 18.27 18.33 544.07 561.48 559.06 560.90

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2013 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

Percent

change

from:

Dec.

2013 -

Jan.

2014p

Jan.

2013

Nov.

2013

Dec.

2013p

Jan.

2014p

Percent

change

from:

Dec.

2013 -

Jan.

2014p

Total private..................................... 104.9 107.1 106.6 106.7 0.1 139.8 145.3 144.8 145.3 0.3

Goods-producing............................. 83.9 85.8 85.2 85.3 0.1 108.3 112.1 111.6 111.7 0.1

Mining and logging........................ 149.2 158.7 161.1 160.0 -0.7 228.0 250.0 252.5 251.0 -0.6

Construction................................ 85.3 88.8 86.8 87.4 0.7 111.4 116.2 114.0 114.9 0.8

Manufacturing.............................. 80.4 81.4 81.2 81.1 -0.1 100.7 103.4 103.4 103.2 -0.2

Durable goods........................... 81.5 83.2 82.7 82.3 -0.5 102.8 106.4 105.9 105.5 -0.4

Nondurable goods...................... 78.8 78.5 78.9 78.9 0.0 97.2 97.9 98.8 98.9 0.1

Private service-providing.................... 110.8 113.0 112.7 112.7 0.0 149.8 155.5 155.4 155.9 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 101.6 103.3 103.6 103.0 -0.6 127.3 132.4 132.6 132.7 0.1

Wholesale trade......................... 104.6 106.7 106.0 106.3 0.3 137.7 144.2 142.7 144.4 1.2

Retail trade.............................. 97.4 98.8 99.2 98.1 -1.1 116.2 119.9 120.1 119.3 -0.7

Transportation and warehousing...... 111.5 113.8 114.4 115.5 1.0 138.2 145.0 146.0 147.3 0.9

Utilities.................................... 93.5 94.8 95.1 95.1 0.0 125.6 128.4 129.9 129.7 -0.2

Information................................. 88.4 89.2 89.2 89.0 -0.2 121.9 124.7 125.2 125.7 0.4

Financial activities......................... 103.9 105.1 104.8 104.7 -0.1 149.7 156.3 156.2 156.4 0.1

Professional and business services..... 119.0 124.0 123.0 123.7 0.6 167.0 176.0 174.9 176.4 0.9

Education and health services........... 126.2 127.8 126.9 127.3 0.3 175.6 180.9 180.1 180.8 0.4

Leisure and hospitality.................... 113.4 116.6 115.8 116.5 0.6 150.0 156.7 156.6 157.0 0.3

Other services............................. 98.0 98.5 98.0 98.0 0.0 126.9 130.9 130.4 130.9 0.4

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2013 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.