2

Technical information:

Household data: (202) 691-6378

http://www.bls.gov/cps/

Establishment data: 691-6555

http://www.bls.gov/ces/

Media contact: 691-5902

USDL 04-120

Transmission of material in this release is

embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EST),

Friday, February 6, 2004.

2002 2003 2004

122.0

124.0

126.0

128.0

130.0

132.0

134.0

Millions

 Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted,

 February 2001 - January 2004

 Chart 2.

0.0

2002 2003 2004

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

Percent

Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,

February 2001 - January 2004

Chart 1.

0.0

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: JANUARY 2004

Employment rose in January, and the unemployment rate, at 5.6 percent, was little changed, the Bureau

of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. Nonfarm payroll employment increased

by 112,000, with job gains in construction and several service-providing industries. Manufacturing

employment continued to trend down, but the rate of job loss has moderated in recent months.

Unemployment (Household Survey Data)

The number of unemployed persons was 8.3 million in January and the unemployment rate was 5.6

percent, seasonally adjusted. While little changed over the month, both measures were down from their

recent highs in June 2003, when the unemployment rate was 6.3 percent. Unemployment rates for most

major worker groups—adult men (5.1 percent), adult women (5.0 percent), teenagers (16.7 percent),

whites (4.9 percent), and blacks (10.5 percent)—were little changed in January. The unemployment rate

for Hispanics rose to 7.3 percent over the month, about the same rate as last fall. The unemployment rate

for Asians was 5.2 percent in January, not seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

The establishment survey data in this release have been revised as a result of the annual

benchmarking process and the updating of seasonal adjustment factors. See the note on

page 5 for more information on the revisions.

 In addition, household survey data for January 2004 reflect updated population controls.

See the note on page 6 for more information.
2

Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Quarterly averages Monthly data Dec.-

Category 2004 Jan.

III IV Nov. Dec. Jan. change 1 

HOUSEHOLD DATA Labor force status

Civilian labor force................................................. 146,628 146,986 147,187 146,878 146,863 422

Employment................................................................... 137,647 138,369 138,533 138,479 138,566 496

Unemployment................................................................... 8,981 8,616 8,653 8,398 8,297 -74

Not in labor force................................................................... 74,885 75,290 75,093 75,631 75,298 -210

All workers............................................................... 6.1 5.9 5.9 5.7 5.6 -0.1

Adult men........................................................... 5.8 5.5 5.6 5.3 5.1 -.2

Adult women........................................................ 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.0 -.1

Teenagers........................................................ 17.5 16.3 15.7 16.1 16.7 .6

White .................................................................. 5.4 5.1 5.2 5.0 4.9 -.1

Black or African American .................................... 11.0 10.7 10.4 10.3 10.5 .2

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity........................... 7.8 7.1 7.4 6.6 7.3 .7

ESTABLISHMENT DATA 2 

Nonfarm employment........................................................ 129,820 p130,005 130,027 p130,043 p130,155 p112

Goods-producing 3........................................................ 21,718 p21,677 21,686 p21,670 p21,677 p7

Construction............................................................. 6,738 p6,770 6,771 p6,784 p6,808 p24

Manufacturing........................................................ 14,410 p14,337 14,344 p14,317 p14,306 p-11

Service-providing 3............................................................... 108,102 p108,328 108,341 p108,373 p108,478 p105

Retail trade........................................................ 14,912 p14,917 14,922 p14,881 p14,957 p76

Professional and business services......... 16,023 p16,114 16,114 p16,159 p16,137 p-22

Education and health services.............................. 16,594 p16,706 16,705 p16,734 p16,756 p22

Leisure and hospitality........................................................ 12,120 p12,173 12,178 p12,193 p12,214 p21

Government........................................................ 21,560 p21,548 21,544 p21,539 p21,526 p-13

Hours of work 4

Total private.............................................................. 33.6 p33.7 33.8 p33.5 p33.7 p0.2

Manufacturing............................................................ 40.2 p40.6 40.8 p40.6 p40.9 p.3

Overtime........................................................ 4.1 p4.5 4.5 p4.6 p4.6 p.0

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100) 4

Total private..........................................................98.2 p98.6 99.0 p98.0 p98.8 p0.8

Earnings 4

Average hourly earnings, total private............... $15.41 p$15.45 $15.46 p$15.47 p$15.49 p$0.02

Average weekly earnings, total private............ 517.67 p520.26 522.55 p518.25 p522.01 p3.76

 1 Changes in household data levels reflect an adjustment to remove the effect of updated population controls. 

See the note on page 6 for more information.

 2 Establishment data have been revised to reflect March 2003 benchmarks and updated seasonal adjustment

factors. See the note on page 5 for more information.

 3 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

 4 Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.

 p=preliminary.

Unemployment rates 

Employment

2003 2003
3

Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

Total employment rose by 496,000 in January after accounting for the adjustment to population controls.

(See table A and the note on page 6.) The employment-population ratio—the proportion of the population

age 16 and older with jobs—increased to 62.4 percent over the month. (See table A-1.)

The civilian labor force increased by 422,000 in January, when adjustment is made for the effect of

population control changes. The labor force participation rate was essentially unchanged at 66.1 percent.

(See tables A and A-1.)

Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

The number of persons who were marginally attached to the labor force totaled about 1.7 million in

January, about the same as a year earlier. (Data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals wanted and

were available to work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted

as unemployed, however, because they did not actively search for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey.

There were 432,000 discouraged workers in January. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally

attached, were not currently looking for work specifically because they believed no jobs were available for

them. The other 1.2 million marginally attached had not searched for work for reasons such as school or

family responsibilities. (See table A-13.)

Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 112,000 in January to 130.2 million, seasonally adjusted.

Since August, payroll employment has grown by 366,000. Retail trade and construction added jobs in

January on a seasonally adjusted basis. Manufacturing job losses continued, but at the slower pace that has

prevailed in recent months. Employment in temporary help services edged lower, following 8 months of

gains. (See table B-1.)

Retail trade employment increased by 76,000 over the month, after seasonal adjustment. The industry

had lost a total of 67,000 jobs in November and December. Weak holiday hiring in general merchandise,

sporting goods, and miscellaneous stores meant that there were fewer workers to lay off in January, resulting

in seasonally adjusted employment gains for the month. Building material and garden supply stores added

14,000 jobs, reflecting continued strength in the housing market, and food stores also added 14,000 jobs.

Employment in construction continued to trend upward in January (24,000), and has risen by 147,000

since last March. About a third of the January increase was in heavy construction.

Manufacturing employment edged down (-11,000). Small job losses continued throughout most of

nondurable goods. Employment in durable goods manufacturing was about unchanged in January. The

durable goods sector of wholesale trade continued to trend up; since October the industry has added

28,000 jobs.

Employment in education and health services was up over the month. Outpatient care centers and

hospitals added 6,000 and 5,000 jobs, respectively.

Accounting and bookkeeping, which includes tax preparation services, lost 18,000 jobs in January (after

seasonal adjustment), offsetting gains in the prior 2 months. Employment in temporary help services edged

down (-21,000); this follows 8 consecutive months of gains totaling 184,000.
4

Within the financial activities industry, employment in securities, commodity contracts, and investments

increased by 7,000 in January. This industry has added 23,000 jobs since August.

In January, employment fell by 5,000 in mining. The decline was concentrated in nonmetallic minerals,

such as stone, sand, and gravel.

Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)

The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased

by 0.2 hour in January to 33.7 hours, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek increased by 0.3

hour to 40.9 hours, and manufacturing overtime was unchanged at 4.6 hours. (See table B-2.)

The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm

payrolls increased by 0.8 percent to 98.8 in January (2002=100). The manufacturing index increased by

0.6 percent over the month to 94.1. (See table B-5.)

Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)

Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased

by 2 cents over the month to $15.49, seasonally adjusted. Average weekly earnings rose by 0.7 percent in

January to $522.01. Over the year, average hourly earnings increased by 2.0 percent, and average weekly

earnings increased by 1.7 percent. (See table B-3.)

The Employment Situation for February 2004 is scheduled to be released on Friday, March 5, at

8:30 A.M. (EST).

______________________________
5

In accordance with annual practice, the establishment survey data have been revised to reflect

comprehensive universe counts of payroll jobs, or benchmarks. These counts are derived principally from

unemployment insurance tax records for March 2003. The benchmark process resulted in revisions to all

unadjusted data series from April 2002 forward, the time period since the last benchmark was established.

All seasonally adjusted data series beginning with January 1999 were subject to revision, in accordance with

the usual practice of revising 5 years of data. In addition, because of revisions to the base-year data for the

indexes presented in tables B-5 and B-6 of this release, the entire historical data series for those indexes

were subject to revision. Previously, the revised establishment survey data were published in June of each

year; earlier receipt and tabulation of the benchmark source material made it feasible to accelerate the

publication date to February.

Table B presents revised total nonfarm employment data on a seasonally adjusted basis for January

through December 2003. The revised data for April 2003 forward incorporate the effect of applying the rate

of change measured by the sample to the new benchmark level, as well as updated net business birth/death

model adjustments and new seasonal adjustment factors. The November and December 2003 revisions also

reflect the routine incorporation of additional sample receipts into the November final and December second

preliminary estimates. The total nonfarm employment level for March 2003 was revised downward by

122,000 (163,000 on a seasonally adjusted basis). The previously published level for December 2003 was

revised downward by 77,000 (81,000 on a seasonally adjusted basis).

The February 2004 issue of Employment and Earnings will contain an article that discusses the

benchmark and post-benchmark revisions. This issue also will provide revised estimates for all regularly

published tables containing national establishment survey data on employment, hours, and earnings.

LABSTAT, the BLS public database on the Internet, contains all revised historical CES data. The data

can be accessed through the CES homepage (http://www.bls.gov/ces/).

Further information on the revisions released today may be obtained by calling 202-691-6555 or via the

Internet on the CES homepage.

Table B. Revisions in total nonfarm employment, seasonally adjusted,

January-December 2003

Year and month

 Levels Over-the-month changes

 2003

January.................................... 130,356 130,190 158 94 -64

February ................................. 130,235 130,031 -121 -159 -38

March ..................................... 130,084 129,921 -151 -110 41

April........................................ 130,062 129,901 -22 -20 2

May ........................................ 129,986 129,873 -76 -28 48

June ........................................ 129,903 129,859 -83 -14 69

July ......................................... 129,846 129,814 -57 -45 12

August..................................... 129,881 129,789 35 -25 -60

September............................... 129,980 129,856 99 67 -32

October .................................. 130,080 129,944 100 88 -12

November ............................... 130,123 130,027 43 83 40

December ............................... 130,124 130,043 1 16 15

 As

previously

published

 As

previously

published

 As

revised

 As

revised

(In thousands)

Difference

p

Revisions to Establishment Survey Data

p = preliminary.
6

Effective with the data for January 2004, updated population controls have been used in the household

survey. Population controls for the household survey are developed by the U.S. Census Bureau. Each year,

the Census Bureau updates the controls to reflect new information and assumptions about the growth of the

population. The change in population reflected in the new controls results primarily from adjustments to the

estimates of net international migration.

Official population and labor force estimates for December 2003 and earlier months will not be revised.

To assess the impact of the updated population controls on trend growth, however, December 2003

estimates for selected data series (not seasonally adjusted) were recalculated using the new controls, and the

differences from estimates based on the old controls are shown in table C. The adjustments decreased the

estimated size of the civilian noninstitutional population by 560,000, of the civilian labor force by 437,000,

and of employment by 409,000; the new population controls had a negligible impact on unemployment rates

and other percentage estimates. More detailed information on the population adjustments and their effect on

national labor force estimates are available at http://www.bls.gov/cps/cps04adj.pdf on the Internet and also

will be published in the February 2004 issue of Employment and Earnings.

Adjustments to Population Estimates for the Household Survey

Table C. Effect of the revised population controls on December 2003 estimates by sex, race, and

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, not seasonally adjusted

Civilian noninstitutional

 population ........................................... -560 -165 -395 -445 -60 -44 -583

 Civilian labor force ............................. -437 -163 -274 -360 -33 -39 -446

 Employed......................................... -409 -152 -258 -339 -29 -37 -421

 Unemployed..................................... -27 -11 -16 -22 -4 -2 -25

 Unemployment rate........................ .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0

Category

(Numbers in thousands)

Total Men Women White

Black

 or

African

Ameri-

 can

Asian

Hispanic

 or

 Latino

ethnicity

 NOTE: Detail for men and women may not sum to totals because of rounding. Estimates for the above race

groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for

all races. In addition, persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race and, therefore,

are classified by ethnicity as well as by race.
Explanatory Note

This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the

Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current

Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor

Statistics (BLS).

The establishment survey provides the information on the

employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that

appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This

information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation

with State agencies. The sample includes about 160,000 businesses

and government agencies covering approximately 400,000 individual

worksites. The active sample includes about one-third of all nonfarm

payroll workers. The sample is drawn from a sampling frame of

unemployment insurance tax accounts.

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular

week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is

generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In

the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the

calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences

between surveys

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire

civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of

questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and

over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or

not in the labor force.

People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as

paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least

15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as

employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of

illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal

reasons.

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following

criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were

available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find

employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need

not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon

the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed

persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not

 in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed

as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is

the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employmentpopulation ratio is the employed as a percent of the population.

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn

from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores,

as well as Federal, State, and local government entities. Employees on

nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted

in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate only to production workers in the goods-producing

sector and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing sector.

Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity in

accordance with the 2002 version of the North American Industry

Classification System.

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and

establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

• The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among

the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey.

• The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the

employed. The establishment survey does not.

• The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.

The establishment survey is not limited by age.

• The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because

individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job.

In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job

and thus appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation’s labor force and the

levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations

due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded

production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of

schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large; seasonal fluctuations may account for as much as 95 percent of the monthto-month changes in unemployment.

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern

each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by

adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make

nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or

increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to

spot. For example, the large number of youth entering the labor force

each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place

relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of

students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics

for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change.

Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in

economic activity.

Most seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both

the household and establishment surveys. However, the ad-
justed series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most supersectors, total employment, and

unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted

component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by

summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components;

this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained

by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons,

or more detailed age categories.

For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent

seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal

factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and

including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new

seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month’s data. In

the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each

month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. In both

surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are

subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather

than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample

estimates may differ from the “true” population values they represent.

The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the

particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the

standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or

level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no

more than 1.6 standard errors from the “true” population value because

of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence.

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total

employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or

minus 290,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases

by 100,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence

interval on the monthly change would range from -190,000 to 390,000

(100,000 +/- 290,000). These figures do not mean that the sample

results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a

90-percent chance that the “true” over-the-month change lies within

this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we

could not say with confidence that employment had, in fact, increased.

If, however, the reported employment rise was half a million, then

all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be

greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance)

that an employment rise had, in fact, occurred. At an unemployment

rate of around 4 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the

monthly change in unemployment is about +/- 270,000, and for the

monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- .19 percentage

point.

In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments

have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than

estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The

precision of estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated

over time such as for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal

adjustment process can also improve the stability of the monthly

estimates.

The household and establishment surveys are also affected by

nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons,

including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to

obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or

unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a

timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the

collection or processing of the data.

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most

recent 2 months are based on substantially incomplete returns; for this

reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only

after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all

sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final.

Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment

survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment

generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation

of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components

is used to account for business births. The first component uses business

deaths to impute employment for business births. This is incorporated

into the sample-based link relative estimate procedure by simply not

reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the

same trend as the other firms in the sample. The second component is

an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/

death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical

time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from

the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects

the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past five years.

The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are

adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll

employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March samplebased employment estimates and the March universe counts is known

as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey

error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, the benchmark revision for

total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.3 percent, ranging from

zero to 0.7 percent.

Additional statistics and other information

More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and

Earnings, published each month by BLS. It is available for $27.00 per

issue or $53.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office,

Washington, DC 20402. All orders must be prepaid by sending a check

or money order payable to the Superintendent of Documents, or by

charging to Mastercard or Visa.

Employment and Earnings also provides measures of sampling error

for the household and establishment survey data published in this

release. For unemployment and other labor force categories, these

measures appear in tables 1-B through 1-D of its “Explanatory Notes.”

For the establishment survey data, the sampling error measures and the

actual size of revisions due to benchmark adjustments appear in tables

2-B through 2-F of Employment and Earnings.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD

message referral phone: 1-800-877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Jan.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Jan.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004 

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 219,897 222,509 222,161 219,897 221,779 222,039 222,279 222,509 222,161

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 145,301 146,501 146,068 145,875 146,610 146,892 147,187 146,878 146,863

 Participation rate ............................................................... 66.1 65.8 65.7 66.3 66.1 66.2 66.2 66.0 66.1

 Employed .............................................................................. 135,907 138,556 136,924 137,447 137,644 138,095 138,533 138,479 138,566

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 61.8 62.3 61.6 62.5 62.1 62.2 62.3 62.2 62.4

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 9,395 7,945 9,144 8,428 8,966 8,797 8,653 8,398 8,297

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 6.5 5.4 6.3 5.8 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.7 5.6

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 74,596 76,007 76,093 74,022 75,168 75,147 75,093 75,631 75,298

 Persons who currently want a job ......................................... 4,779 4,355 4,913 4,644 4,816 4,885 4,572 4,714 4,747

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 105,767 107,123 107,072 105,767 106,744 106,879 107,003 107,123 107,072

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 77,306 78,413 78,320 77,722 78,504 78,530 78,799 78,661 78,823

 Participation rate ............................................................... 73.1 73.2 73.1 73.5 73.5 73.5 73.6 73.4 73.6

 Employed .............................................................................. 71,716 73,901 73,096 72,958 73,488 73,643 73,915 74,085 74,343

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 67.8 69.0 68.3 69.0 68.8 68.9 69.1 69.2 69.4

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 5,590 4,512 5,224 4,764 5,016 4,887 4,883 4,576 4,480

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 7.2 5.8 6.7 6.1 6.4 6.2 6.2 5.8 5.7

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 28,461 28,710 28,752 28,045 28,240 28,348 28,204 28,462 28,249

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 97,635 98,927 98,866 97,635 98,568 98,696 98,814 98,927 98,866

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 73,896 74,984 74,965 74,014 74,905 74,942 75,188 75,044 75,171

 Participation rate ............................................................... 75.7 75.8 75.8 75.8 76.0 75.9 76.1 75.9 76.0

 Employed .............................................................................. 69,001 71,024 70,371 69,940 70,596 70,726 70,964 71,099 71,329

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 70.7 71.8 71.2 71.6 71.6 71.7 71.8 71.9 72.1

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 4,895 3,960 4,594 4,075 4,309 4,216 4,224 3,945 3,842

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 6.6 5.3 6.1 5.5 5.8 5.6 5.6 5.3 5.1

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 23,739 23,943 23,901 23,620 23,663 23,754 23,626 23,882 23,694

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 114,130 115,386 115,089 114,130 115,035 115,160 115,276 115,386 115,089

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 67,995 68,089 67,749 68,153 68,106 68,362 68,388 68,217 68,040

 Participation rate ............................................................... 59.6 59.0 58.9 59.7 59.2 59.4 59.3 59.1 59.1

 Employed .............................................................................. 64,191 64,656 63,828 64,489 64,155 64,452 64,618 64,394 64,223

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 56.2 56.0 55.5 56.5 55.8 56.0 56.1 55.8 55.8

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 3,804 3,433 3,920 3,665 3,951 3,910 3,770 3,823 3,817

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 5.6 5.0 5.8 5.4 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.6 5.6

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 46,135 47,298 47,340 45,976 46,929 46,799 46,888 47,169 47,050

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 106,235 107,404 107,131 106,235 107,080 107,197 107,303 107,404 107,131

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 64,578 64,855 64,434 64,490 64,608 64,899 64,917 64,846 64,515

 Participation rate ............................................................... 60.8 60.4 60.1 60.7 60.3 60.5 60.5 60.4 60.2

 Employed .............................................................................. 61,294 61,823 61,050 61,391 61,191 61,524 61,597 61,521 61,260

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 57.7 57.6 57.0 57.8 57.1 57.4 57.4 57.3 57.2

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 3,284 3,031 3,385 3,100 3,417 3,375 3,320 3,326 3,255

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 5.1 4.7 5.3 4.8 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.0

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 41,657 42,550 42,697 41,745 42,472 42,299 42,387 42,558 42,617

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 16,027 16,178 16,164 16,027 16,131 16,145 16,162 16,178 16,164

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 6,828 6,663 6,669 7,371 7,097 7,051 7,082 6,987 7,177

 Participation rate ............................................................... 42.6 41.2 41.3 46.0 44.0 43.7 43.8 43.2 44.4

 Employed .............................................................................. 5,612 5,709 5,503 6,117 5,857 5,846 5,972 5,859 5,977

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 35.0 35.3 34.0 38.2 36.3 36.2 37.0 36.2 37.0

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,216 954 1,166 1,254 1,240 1,205 1,109 1,128 1,200

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 17.8 14.3 17.5 17.0 17.5 17.1 15.7 16.1 16.7

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 9,200 9,515 9,495 8,656 9,034 9,094 9,080 9,191 8,987

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical

numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Jan.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Jan.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004 

WHITE 

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 180,460 182,185 181,879 180,460 181,696 181,871 182,032 182,185 181,879

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 119,712 120,453 120,099 120,117 120,411 120,736 121,041 120,751 120,723

 Participation rate ................................................................. 66.3 66.1 66.0 66.6 66.3 66.4 66.5 66.3 66.4

 Employed .............................................................................. 112,735 114,702 113,348 113,985 114,015 114,535 114,783 114,678 114,765

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 62.5 63.0 62.3 63.2 62.8 63.0 63.1 62.9 63.1

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 6,978 5,751 6,751 6,132 6,397 6,200 6,258 6,073 5,958

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 5.8 4.8 5.6 5.1 5.3 5.1 5.2 5.0 4.9

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 60,748 61,732 61,780 60,343 61,285 61,135 60,991 61,434 61,156

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 61,915 62,656 62,549 62,081 62,552 62,694 62,913 62,752 62,799

 Participation rate ................................................................. 76.0 76.1 76.1 76.2 76.2 76.3 76.5 76.2 76.4

 Employed .............................................................................. 58,164 59,680 59,066 59,050 59,414 59,623 59,777 59,794 59,969

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 71.4 72.5 71.9 72.5 72.4 72.6 72.7 72.6 73.0

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 3,752 2,975 3,483 3,031 3,139 3,072 3,136 2,957 2,830

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 6.1 4.7 5.6 4.9 5.0 4.9 5.0 4.7 4.5

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 52,078 52,227 52,005 51,866 51,942 52,183 52,210 52,199 51,954

 Participation rate ................................................................. 60.2 59.8 59.7 59.9 59.6 59.9 59.9 59.8 59.6

 Employed .............................................................................. 49,783 50,186 49,599 49,692 49,580 49,892 49,932 49,941 49,668

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 57.5 57.5 56.9 57.4 56.9 57.2 57.2 57.2 57.0

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 2,295 2,040 2,406 2,174 2,362 2,291 2,279 2,258 2,286

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 4.4 3.9 4.6 4.2 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 5,719 5,571 5,545 6,170 5,917 5,858 5,918 5,800 5,970

 Participation rate ................................................................. 45.8 44.3 44.1 49.4 47.2 46.7 47.1 46.1 47.5

 Employed .............................................................................. 4,788 4,835 4,683 5,243 5,020 5,020 5,074 4,942 5,128

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 38.3 38.4 37.3 42.0 40.0 40.0 40.4 39.3 40.8

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 930 736 862 927 896 838 843 857 842

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 16.3 13.2 15.5 15.0 15.1 14.3 14.3 14.8 14.1

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN 

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 25,484 25,894 25,867 25,484 25,784 25,825 25,860 25,894 25,867

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 16,270 16,422 16,420 16,443 16,677 16,589 16,524 16,365 16,602

 Participation rate ................................................................. 63.8 63.4 63.5 64.5 64.7 64.2 63.9 63.2 64.2

 Employed .............................................................................. 14,496 14,828 14,655 14,717 14,826 14,696 14,812 14,679 14,866

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 56.9 57.3 56.7 57.8 57.5 56.9 57.3 56.7 57.5

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,774 1,594 1,765 1,727 1,851 1,893 1,712 1,686 1,736

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 10.9 9.7 10.7 10.5 11.1 11.4 10.4 10.3 10.5

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 9,214 9,472 9,447 9,040 9,107 9,236 9,336 9,529 9,265

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 7,258 7,422 7,453 7,252 7,433 7,385 7,414 7,382 7,450

 Participation rate ................................................................. 71.3 71.6 71.9 71.2 72.0 71.4 71.6 71.2 71.8

 Employed .............................................................................. 6,419 6,718 6,662 6,498 6,619 6,611 6,668 6,695 6,737

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 63.0 64.8 64.2 63.8 64.1 63.9 64.4 64.6 65.0

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 840 704 791 754 814 774 746 687 713

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 11.6 9.5 10.6 10.4 11.0 10.5 10.1 9.3 9.6

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 8,299 8,325 8,275 8,380 8,436 8,425 8,401 8,276 8,358

 Participation rate ................................................................. 64.2 63.4 63.2 64.8 64.5 64.4 64.1 63.1 63.8

 Employed .............................................................................. 7,575 7,595 7,522 7,656 7,664 7,596 7,639 7,471 7,595

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 58.6 57.9 57.5 59.2 58.6 58.0 58.3 56.9 58.0

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 724 730 752 724 772 829 762 805 762

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 8.7 8.8 9.1 8.6 9.2 9.8 9.1 9.7 9.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 712 675 692 812 808 779 710 707 794

 Participation rate ................................................................. 30.1 28.1 28.8 34.3 33.8 32.5 29.6 29.4 33.1

 Employed .............................................................................. 503 514 471 563 543 489 505 514 533

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 21.3 21.4 19.6 23.8 22.7 20.4 21.0 21.4 22.2

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 210 161 221 249 264 290 205 193 261

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 29.4 23.8 32.0 30.6 32.7 37.3 28.9 27.3 32.9

ASIAN 

Civilian noninstutional population ............................................. 8,992 9,372 9,337 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 6,036 6,272 6,213 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 67.1 66.9 66.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 5,698 5,938 5,892 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 63.4 63.4 63.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 338 334 321 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 5.6 5.3 5.2 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 2,956 3,101 3,124 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical

numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available.

 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1

because data are not presented for all races. Beginning in January 2004, data reflect

revised population controls used in the household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Jan.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Jan.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004 

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 26,994 28,116 27,619 26,994 27,808 27,913 28,016 28,116 27,619

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 18,540 19,031 18,715 18,584 18,877 18,940 19,125 19,035 18,811

 Participation rate ................................................................. 68.7 67.7 67.8 68.8 67.9 67.9 68.3 67.7 68.1

 Employed .............................................................................. 16,908 17,785 17,169 17,119 17,456 17,556 17,709 17,784 17,441

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 62.6 63.3 62.2 63.4 62.8 62.9 63.2 63.3 63.2

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,632 1,246 1,546 1,465 1,421 1,383 1,416 1,250 1,370

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 8.8 6.5 8.3 7.9 7.5 7.3 7.4 6.6 7.3

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 8,454 9,085 8,904 8,410 8,931 8,974 8,891 9,082 8,807

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 10,488 11,015 10,782 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 83.8 84.2 84.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 9,703 10,381 10,001 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 77.6 79.3 77.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 785 634 782 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 7.5 5.8 7.2 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 7,110 7,126 7,033 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 59.4 57.2 57.6 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 6,509 6,666 6,468 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 54.4 53.5 53.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 601 459 565 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 8.4 6.4 8.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 943 890 899 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 37.5 34.6 34.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 696 738 699 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 27.6 28.7 27.2 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 247 152 200 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 26.2 17.1 22.2 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical

numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available.

 NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. 

Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household

survey.

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

(Numbers in thousands)

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Jan.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004 

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 12,631 12,640 12,376 12,562 12,577 12,672 12,764 12,712 12,356

 Participation rate ................................................................... 44.0 44.6 44.4 43.8 44.8 45.7 45.6 44.9 44.3

 Employed ................................................................................ 11,305 11,554 11,050 11,473 11,478 11,551 11,677 11,678 11,271

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 39.4 40.8 39.7 40.0 40.9 41.6 41.7 41.2 40.4

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 1,326 1,086 1,326 1,088 1,099 1,121 1,087 1,034 1,085

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 10.5 8.6 10.7 8.7 8.7 8.8 8.5 8.1 8.8

High school graduates, no college 1

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 38,224 38,170 38,013 37,798 37,967 37,887 38,241 37,958 37,662

 Participation rate ................................................................... 64.1 63.8 63.5 63.4 63.6 63.6 63.6 63.5 63.0

 Employed ................................................................................ 35,895 36,131 35,837 35,845 35,932 35,807 36,179 35,868 35,829

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 60.2 60.4 59.9 60.1 60.2 60.1 60.2 60.0 59.9

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 2,330 2,039 2,176 1,953 2,036 2,080 2,061 2,090 1,832

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 6.1 5.3 5.7 5.2 5.4 5.5 5.4 5.5 4.9

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 34,100 34,101 33,770 34,135 33,983 33,841 33,727 33,932 33,810

 Participation rate ................................................................... 73.1 72.6 72.4 73.2 72.8 72.4 72.4 72.2 72.5

 Employed ................................................................................ 32,343 32,658 32,130 32,500 32,357 32,222 32,114 32,400 32,276

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 69.3 69.5 68.9 69.7 69.4 68.9 68.9 69.0 69.2

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 1,756 1,443 1,640 1,635 1,626 1,619 1,613 1,532 1,535

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 5.2 4.2 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.5 4.5

Bachelor’s degree and higher 2

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 38,787 40,206 40,290 38,885 39,825 40,504 40,536 40,515 40,450

 Participation rate ................................................................... 78.8 78.4 78.1 79.0 77.6 78.0 78.7 79.0 78.4

 Employed ................................................................................ 37,553 39,078 39,055 37,725 38,559 39,267 39,292 39,291 39,277

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 76.3 76.2 75.7 76.6 75.1 75.6 76.3 76.6 76.1

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 1,234 1,128 1,235 1,160 1,265 1,237 1,244 1,224 1,173

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 3.2 2.8 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.0 2.9

1 Includes high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. 

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

(In thousands)

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Jan.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004 

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries ............................................. 2,134 2,053 1,999 2,301 2,341 2,410 2,418 2,245 2,163

 Wage and salary workers ....................................................... 1,091 1,168 1,087 1,215 1,437 1,465 1,440 1,294 1,220

 Self-employed workers ........................................................... 1,014 870 900 1,062 886 938 953 919 929

 Unpaid family workers ............................................................ 29 15 13 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Nonagricultural industries ......................................................... 133,773 136,503 134,925 135,176 135,401 135,722 136,172 136,180 136,306

 Wage and salary workers ....................................................... 124,501 126,984 125,433 125,687 125,860 126,183 126,466 126,661 126,664

 Government .......................................................................... 19,924 19,821 19,800 19,732 19,725 19,797 19,609 19,694 19,681

 Private industries .................................................................. 104,578 107,163 105,633 105,894 106,136 106,400 106,876 107,110 107,019

 Private households ............................................................. 692 780 811 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

 Other industries .................................................................. 103,886 106,383 104,822 105,192 105,351 105,662 106,129 106,382 106,204

 Self-employed workers ........................................................... 9,216 9,412 9,396 9,340 9,401 9,460 9,541 9,477 9,501

 Unpaid family workers ............................................................ 56 107 96 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 2

All industries:

 Part time for economic reasons .............................................. 5,135 4,833 5,270 4,572 4,896 4,800 4,880 4,788 4,714

 Slack work or business conditions ........................................ 3,566 3,327 3,459 3,019 3,185 3,030 3,226 3,205 2,996

 Could only find part-time work .............................................. 1,245 1,182 1,420 1,266 1,334 1,356 1,350 1,295 1,380

 Part time for noneconomic reasons ........................................ 19,374 19,543 19,229 19,158 19,021 18,935 19,110 18,561 18,905

Nonagricultural industries:

 Part time for economic reasons .............................................. 5,003 4,717 5,152 4,451 4,794 4,690 4,782 4,727 4,613

 Slack work or business conditions ........................................ 3,494 3,248 3,382 2,952 3,127 2,964 3,153 3,144 2,911

 Could only find part-time work .............................................. 1,224 1,178 1,416 1,239 1,335 1,349 1,353 1,279 1,399

 Part time for noneconomic reasons ........................................ 19,005 19,246 18,910 18,710 18,633 18,628 18,752 18,367 18,636

1 Data not available. 2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during

the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. Part

time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually work full time but worked

only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and

bad weather.

 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily

add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. 

Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household

survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Selected employment indicators

(In thousands)

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Jan.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004 

Total, 16 years and over ........................................................... 135,907 138,556 136,924 137,447 137,644 138,095 138,533 138,479 138,566

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 5,612 5,709 5,503 6,117 5,857 5,846 5,972 5,859 5,977

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 2,138 2,175 2,117 2,428 2,253 2,227 2,361 2,292 2,367

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 3,473 3,534 3,386 3,713 3,593 3,607 3,592 3,562 3,605

 20 years and over ................................................................... 130,295 132,847 131,421 131,330 131,787 132,250 132,561 132,620 132,589

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 13,200 13,426 13,349 13,508 13,396 13,437 13,371 13,413 13,609

 25 years and over ................................................................. 117,095 119,421 118,072 117,845 118,437 118,785 119,106 119,168 118,930

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 96,361 97,613 96,455 96,961 97,150 97,233 97,422 97,436 97,161

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 30,025 30,384 29,976 30,356 30,288 30,296 30,389 30,340 30,326

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 34,955 34,861 34,310 35,096 34,880 34,829 34,909 34,819 34,506

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 31,382 32,368 32,168 31,508 31,982 32,107 32,125 32,277 32,328

 55 years and over ............................................................... 20,734 21,808 21,617 20,884 21,287 21,552 21,683 21,732 21,769

Men, 16 years and over ............................................................ 71,716 73,901 73,096 72,958 73,488 73,643 73,915 74,085 74,343

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 2,715 2,877 2,724 3,018 2,893 2,917 2,951 2,986 3,014

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 1,002 1,072 975 1,192 1,071 1,101 1,189 1,153 1,157

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 1,713 1,805 1,750 1,845 1,802 1,796 1,779 1,817 1,862

 20 years and over ................................................................... 69,001 71,024 70,371 69,940 70,596 70,726 70,964 71,099 71,329

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 6,936 6,993 7,018 7,148 7,020 7,038 7,050 7,048 7,198

 25 years and over ................................................................. 62,066 64,031 63,353 62,867 63,512 63,670 63,876 64,061 64,167

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 51,073 52,386 51,716 51,736 52,137 52,168 52,293 52,441 52,416

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 16,284 16,748 16,515 16,540 16,657 16,660 16,747 16,740 16,773

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 18,624 18,825 18,493 18,816 18,866 18,828 18,844 18,857 18,712

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 16,165 16,813 16,709 16,380 16,614 16,681 16,702 16,843 16,931

 55 years and over ............................................................... 10,993 11,645 11,637 11,131 11,375 11,501 11,583 11,620 11,751

Women, 16 years and over ...................................................... 64,191 64,656 63,828 64,489 64,155 64,452 64,618 64,394 64,223

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 2,897 2,833 2,779 3,098 2,964 2,928 3,021 2,873 2,963

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 1,137 1,103 1,142 1,236 1,183 1,126 1,172 1,139 1,210

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 1,760 1,729 1,637 1,867 1,791 1,812 1,813 1,745 1,743

 20 years and over ................................................................... 61,294 61,823 61,050 61,391 61,191 61,524 61,597 61,521 61,260

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 6,264 6,434 6,331 6,359 6,376 6,398 6,321 6,365 6,411

 25 years and over ................................................................. 55,030 55,390 54,719 54,978 54,925 55,116 55,230 55,107 54,763

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 45,289 45,227 44,738 45,225 45,013 45,065 45,130 44,996 44,745

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 13,741 13,636 13,462 13,816 13,631 13,637 13,642 13,599 13,554

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 16,331 16,036 15,817 16,280 16,015 16,001 16,065 15,962 15,794

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 15,216 15,554 15,460 15,128 15,367 15,427 15,423 15,434 15,397

 55 years and over ............................................................... 9,741 10,163 9,981 9,753 9,912 10,051 10,100 10,112 10,018

Married men, spouse present ................................................... 43,964 45,562 45,122 44,328 44,566 44,684 45,152 45,431 45,490

Married women, spouse present .............................................. 34,706 35,217 34,729 34,477 34,612 34,993 35,076 35,034 34,585

Women who maintain families .................................................. 8,577 8,501 8,479 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Full-time workers 2 ................................................................... 111,077 113,942 112,171 112,777 113,321 113,677 114,024 114,597 113,976

Part-time workers 3 ................................................................... 24,830 24,614 24,753 24,392 24,446 24,460 24,569 24,023 24,306

1 Data not available. 2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per

week. 3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per

week.

 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily

add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. 

Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household

survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates 1

Jan.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Jan.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004 

Total, 16 years and over ........................................................... 8,428 8,398 8,297 5.8 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.7 5.6

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 1,254 1,128 1,200 17.0 17.5 17.1 15.7 16.1 16.7

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 542 515 527 18.3 19.3 20.2 17.5 18.3 18.2

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 713 613 672 16.1 16.2 15.2 14.7 14.7 15.7

 20 years and over ................................................................... 7,174 7,271 7,097 5.2 5.5 5.4 5.4 5.2 5.1

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 1,413 1,431 1,475 9.5 10.6 10.1 10.4 9.6 9.8

 25 years and over ................................................................. 5,733 5,853 5,623 4.6 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.5

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 4,885 5,033 4,811 4.8 5.1 5.1 5.0 4.9 4.7

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 1,917 1,932 1,835 5.9 6.3 6.3 6.2 6.0 5.7

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 1,685 1,755 1,630 4.6 4.9 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.5

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 1,283 1,346 1,346 3.9 4.2 4.1 4.0 4.0 4.0

 55 years and over ............................................................... 887 883 827 4.1 4.0 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.7

Men, 16 years and over ............................................................ 4,764 4,576 4,480 6.1 6.4 6.2 6.2 5.8 5.7

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 689 631 638 18.6 19.6 18.7 18.3 17.4 17.5

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 288 261 277 19.5 22.1 20.4 18.3 18.4 19.3

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 402 369 360 17.9 18.2 17.9 18.1 16.9 16.2

 20 years and over ................................................................... 4,075 3,945 3,842 5.5 5.8 5.6 5.6 5.3 5.1

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 785 816 847 9.9 11.7 10.8 11.2 10.4 10.5

 25 years and over ................................................................. 3,274 3,170 2,995 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.5

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 2,764 2,683 2,557 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.2 4.9 4.7

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 1,077 1,051 987 6.1 6.5 6.5 6.3 5.9 5.6

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 945 916 865 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.6 4.4

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 743 716 706 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.1 4.0

 55 years and over ............................................................... 510 487 438 4.4 4.2 4.0 4.1 4.0 3.6

Women, 16 years and over ...................................................... 3,665 3,823 3,817 5.4 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.6 5.6

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 565 497 562 15.4 15.2 15.4 13.0 14.7 15.9

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 254 254 249 17.1 16.5 20.1 16.6 18.2 17.1

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 311 243 312 14.3 14.1 12.5 11.1 12.2 15.2

 20 years and over ................................................................... 3,100 3,326 3,255 4.8 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.0

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 628 615 628 9.0 9.5 9.3 9.6 8.8 8.9

 25 years and over ................................................................. 2,459 2,683 2,628 4.3 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.6 4.6

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 2,121 2,350 2,254 4.5 4.9 4.9 4.8 5.0 4.8

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 840 882 848 5.7 6.0 6.1 6.0 6.1 5.9

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 741 839 766 4.4 4.8 5.2 4.9 5.0 4.6

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 540 630 640 3.4 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.9 4.0

 55 years and over 2 ............................................................ 413 367 423 4.1 3.8 3.4 3.5 3.5 4.1

Married men, spouse present ................................................... 1,666 1,564 1,566 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.3 3.3

Married women, spouse present .............................................. 1,188 1,410 1,338 3.3 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.7

Women who maintain families 2 ............................................... 746 779 764 8.0 8.5 8.4 8.3 8.4 8.3

Full-time workers 3 ................................................................... 7,076 7,019 6,886 5.9 6.2 6.1 6.1 5.8 5.7

Part-time workers 4 ................................................................... 1,377 1,354 1,397 5.3 5.7 5.5 5.1 5.3 5.4

1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. 2 Not seasonally adjusted. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full

time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work

part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

 NOTE: Detail shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the

independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2004, data

reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Jan.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004 

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .......... 5,641 4,629 5,195 4,631 4,947 4,877 4,719 4,618 4,382

 On temporary layoff ................................................................ 1,698 1,137 1,580 1,094 1,110 1,097 1,055 1,060 1,028

 Not on temporary layoff .......................................................... 3,943 3,492 3,614 3,536 3,837 3,780 3,664 3,558 3,353

 Permanent job losers ............................................................ 2,884 2,681 2,727 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

 Persons who completed temporary jobs .............................. 1,059 811 887 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Job leavers ............................................................................... 841 715 822 825 836 789 931 783 804

Reentrants ................................................................................ 2,392 2,065 2,536 2,374 2,436 2,518 2,440 2,366 2,509

New entrants ............................................................................ 521 536 591 605 684 653 619 694 681

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ..................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ......... 60.0 58.3 56.8 54.9 55.6 55.2 54.2 54.6 52.3

 On temporary layoff ............................................................... 18.1 14.3 17.3 13.0 12.5 12.4 12.1 12.5 12.3

 Not on temporary layoff ......................................................... 42.0 44.0 39.5 41.9 43.1 42.8 42.1 42.0 40.0

 Job leavers .............................................................................. 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.8 9.4 8.9 10.7 9.3 9.6

 Reentrants ............................................................................... 25.5 26.0 27.7 28.1 27.4 28.5 28.0 28.0 30.0

 New entrants ........................................................................... 5.5 6.8 6.5 7.2 7.7 7.4 7.1 8.2 8.1

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ......... 3.9 3.2 3.6 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0

 Job leavers .............................................................................. .6 .5 .6 .6 .6 .5 .6 .5 .5

 Reentrants ............................................................................... 1.6 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.7

 New entrants ........................................................................... .4 .4 .4 .4 .5 .4 .4 .5 .5

1 Data not available.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Jan.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004 

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks .................................................................... 3,269 2,298 3,031 2,795 2,749 2,733 2,622 2,627 2,612

5 to 14 weeks ........................................................................... 2,806 2,439 2,591 2,573 2,736 2,585 2,556 2,450 2,394

15 weeks and over ................................................................... 3,320 3,208 3,522 3,175 3,511 3,478 3,484 3,403 3,365

 15 to 26 weeks ...................................................................... 1,492 1,343 1,535 1,444 1,438 1,460 1,448 1,513 1,467

 27 weeks and over ................................................................ 1,828 1,865 1,988 1,731 2,073 2,018 2,036 1,890 1,898

Average (mean) duration, in weeks .......................................... 17.8 20.0 19.0 18.5 19.6 19.4 20.0 19.6 19.8

Median duration, in weeks ........................................................ 9.3 10.6 10.4 9.7 10.1 10.3 10.4 10.4 10.7

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ..................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

 Less than 5 weeks .................................................................. 34.8 28.9 33.2 32.7 30.6 31.1 30.3 31.0 31.2

 5 to 14 weeks ......................................................................... 29.9 30.7 28.3 30.1 30.4 29.4 29.5 28.9 28.6

 15 weeks and over ................................................................. 35.3 40.4 38.5 37.2 39.0 39.5 40.2 40.1 40.2

 15 to 26 weeks ..................................................................... 15.9 16.9 16.8 16.9 16.0 16.6 16.7 17.8 17.5

 27 weeks and over ............................................................... 19.5 23.5 21.7 20.3 23.0 22.9 23.5 22.3 22.7

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Jan.

2003

Jan.

2004

Jan.

2003

Jan.

2004

Jan.

2003

Jan.

2004

 Total, 16 years and over 1 .......................................................................... 135,907 136,924 9,395 9,144 6.5 6.3

Management, professional, and related occupations ............................... 47,715 48,216 1,603 1,473 3.2 3.0

 Management, business, and financial operations occupations ............ 19,746 19,883 673 553 3.3 2.7

 Professional and related occupations ........................................................ 27,969 28,333 929 920 3.2 3.1

Service occupations .......................................................................................... 21,593 21,314 1,730 1,842 7.4 8.0

Sales and office occupations .......................................................................... 35,375 35,254 2,073 2,174 5.5 5.8

 Sales and related occupations ..................................................................... 15,974 16,233 992 1,099 5.8 6.3

 Office and administrative support occupations ........................................ 19,401 19,021 1,080 1,075 5.3 5.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations ........... 13,402 13,975 1,674 1,383 11.1 9.0

 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................................... 889 888 145 182 14.0 17.0

 Construction and extraction occupations ................................................... 7,505 8,019 1,216 935 13.9 10.4

 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .................................. 5,009 5,068 313 267 5.9 5.0

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations ................ 17,821 18,165 1,767 1,637 9.0 8.3

 Production occupations .................................................................................. 9,726 9,723 915 807 8.6 7.7

 Transportation and material moving occupations .................................... 8,095 8,442 852 830 9.5 8.9

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed

Forces are included in the unemployed total.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry, not seasonally adjusted

Industry

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Jan.

2003

Jan.

2004

Jan.

2003

Jan.

2004

 Total, 16 years and over 1 ....................................................................... 9,395 9,144 6.5 6.3

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers ...................................... 7,820 7,556 7.0 6.7

 Mining ................................................................................................................. 54 31 9.0 5.8

 Construction ...................................................................................................... 1,196 994 14.0 11.3

 Manufacturing ................................................................................................... 1,302 1,110 7.2 6.4

 Durable goods ................................................................................................ 896 695 7.8 6.4

 Nondurable goods ......................................................................................... 406 414 6.1 6.3

 Wholesale and retail trade ............................................................................ 1,342 1,389 6.7 6.5

 Transportation and utilities ............................................................................ 331 243 6.3 4.6

 Information ........................................................................................................ 243 236 6.7 7.0

 Financial activities ........................................................................................... 327 403 3.6 4.3

 Professional and business services ............................................................ 1,112 1,070 8.9 8.7

 Education and health services ..................................................................... 559 662 3.2 3.7

 Leisure and hospitality ................................................................................... 1,049 1,097 9.3 10.0

 Other services .................................................................................................. 304 322 5.3 5.3

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers ........................ 159 184 13.2 15.1

Government workers ......................................................................................... 571 511 2.8 2.5

Self employed and unpaid family workers ................................................... 324 302 3.0 2.8

1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

(Percent)

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Jan.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004 

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force .............. 2.3 2.2 2.4 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor

force ...................................................................................................................................... 3.9 3.2 3.6 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate) ...................................................................................................................................... 6.5 5.4 6.3 5.8 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.7 5.6

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

discouraged workers ............................................................................................................ 6.8 5.7 6.5 6.1 6.4 6.3 6.2 6.0 5.9

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other marginally

 attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally

 attached workers ................................................................................................................. 7.5 6.4 7.3 6.8 7.1 7.0 6.8 6.7 6.7

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus total employed

 part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

 all marginally attached workers ........................................................................................... 11.0 9.6 10.9 9.9 10.4 10.2 10.1 9.9 9.9

 NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor

looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for

work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached,

have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for a job. Persons employed

part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but

have had to settle for a part-time schedule. For further information, see "BLS introduces new

range of alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly

Labor Review. Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.

Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Category

Total Men Women

Jan.

2003

Jan.

2004

Jan.

2003

Jan.

2004

Jan.

2003

Jan.

2004

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force ............................................................................ 74,596 76,093 28,461 28,752 46,135 47,340

 Persons who currently want a job ............................................................... 4,779 4,913 2,209 2,108 2,570 2,805

Searched for work and available to work now 1 ..................................... 1,598 1,670 808 786 790 884

 Reason not currently looking:

 Discouragement over job prospects 2 ......................................... 449 432 243 248 205 184

 Reasons other than discouragement 3 ........................................ 1,149 1,238 564 537 584 701

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders 4 ............................................................................ 7,180 7,123 3,519 3,632 3,662 3,491

 Percent of total employed ......................................................................... 5.3 5.2 4.9 5.0 5.7 5.5

 Primary job full time, secondary job part time ........................................... 3,844 3,722 2,153 2,073 1,692 1,649

 Primary and secondary jobs both part time .............................................. 1,600 1,681 417 563 1,182 1,117

 Primary and secondary jobs both full time ................................................ 231 227 155 144 76 83

 Hours vary on primary or secondary job ................................................... 1,465 1,447 772 823 693 624

1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and

were available to take a job during the reference week. 2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training,

employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such

reasons as child-care and transportation problems, as well as a small number for which

reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their

secondary job(s), not shown separately.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003p

Jan.

2004p

Jan.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003p

Jan.

2004p

Change

from:

Dec. 2003-

Jan. 2004

Total nonfarm ............................. 128,248 131,071 130,878 128,254 130,190 129,856 129,944 130,027 130,043 130,155 112

Total private ........................................ 106,706 109,109 108,974 106,812 108,572 108,317 108,384 108,483 108,504 108,629 125

Goods-producing ............................................ 21,596 21,830 21,608 21,168 22,122 21,697 21,674 21,686 21,670 21,677 7

Natural resources and mining .................................. 559 579 569 549 572 568 569 571 569 563 -6

Logging ............................................................ 68.4 70.8 66.6 63.4 70.2 67.4 67.9 67.6 65.8 65.3 -.5

Mining .................................................................... 490.6 507.9 502.4 485.9 502.2 500.8 501.5 503.4 502.7 497.6 -5.1

Oil and gas extraction ........................................ 120.6 123.8 123.4 122.1 120.8 123.6 124.1 123.9 123.4 122.5 -.9

Mining, except oil and gas1................................. 195.0 205.0 200.4 190.5 202.9 201.6 202.1 202.4 202.0 198.4 -3.6

Coal mining ...................................................... 70.9 70.1 70.4 69.4 70.9 69.2 69.6 69.5 69.6 69.5 -.1

Support activities for mining .............................. 175.0 179.1 178.6 173.3 178.5 175.6 175.3 177.1 177.3 176.7 -.6

Construction ............................................................. 6,293 6,877 6,703 6,403 6,712 6,754 6,754 6,771 6,784 6,808 24

Construction of buildings ................................... 1,514.4 1,599.1 1,585.0 1,538.0 1,576.9 1,577.7 1,579.4 1,583.9 1,588.7 1,595.8 7.1

Heavy and civil engineering construction ......... 802.9 942.7 886.8 823.7 917.6 915.2 910.8 918.8 923.5 932.4 8.9

Specialty trade contractors ................................ 3,975.5 4,335.0 4,231.2 4,041.6 4,217.6 4,260.9 4,263.7 4,268.6 4,271.4 4,279.3 7.9

Manufacturing ........................................................... 14,744 14,374 14,336 14,216 14,838 14,375 14,351 14,344 14,317 14,306 -11

Production workers ....................................... 10,385 10,089 10,055 9,944 10,465 10,077 10,058 10,048 10,038 10,020 -18

Durable goods ....................................................... 9,132 8,890 8,881 8,826 9,180 8,867 8,854 8,874 8,865 8,868 3

Production workers ....................................... 6,284 6,107 6,094 6,039 6,328 6,077 6,066 6,089 6,078 6,076 -2

Wood products ................................................... 533.2 538.0 533.6 526.3 542.9 531.8 533.4 536.3 535.7 535.9 .2

Nonmetallic mineral products ............................ 481.2 494.5 484.1 472.9 501.2 488.0 486.6 489.7 488.2 491.6 3.4

Primary metals .................................................... 495.2 464.0 465.5 462.5 495.3 466.3 463.4 464.1 464.3 462.0 -2.3

Fabricated metal products ................................. 1,506.8 1,470.4 1,475.3 1,473.4 1,508.9 1,461.1 1,461.3 1,468.1 1,472.4 1,475.3 2.9

Machinery ........................................................... 1,183.3 1,142.0 1,143.1 1,137.1 1,184.5 1,139.4 1,137.0 1,142.5 1,139.8 1,136.4 -3.4

1 Computer and electronic products .................... 1,409.4 1,334.8 1,335.1 1,331.6 1,411.1 1,339.2 1,332.8 1,334.4 1,331.8 1,332.7 .9

Computer and peripheral equipment ............. 234.7 219.0 217.7 218.3 236.1 221.9 219.3 219.1 217.5 219.5 2.0

Communications equipment ........................... 163.1 153.9 154.0 155.7 163.4 154.1 153.9 154.4 153.9 156.4 2.5

Semiconductors and electronic components . 479.9 450.6 452.5 450.0 480.4 453.3 449.4 451.2 451.2 450.0 -1.2

Electronic instruments ..................................... 440.2 425.6 425.4 423.5 439.3 425.2 425.1 425.2 424.7 422.3 -2.4

Electrical equipment and appliances ................ 474.7 449.4 451.1 448.5 475.8 452.1 450.8 450.9 450.1 448.8 -1.3

Transportation equipment .................................. 1,794.2 1,771.9 1,772.5 1,761.6 1,799.9 1,765.6 1,765.5 1,766.5 1,763.0 1,765.8 2.8

Furniture and related products .......................... 581.4 569.2 569.7 567.4 584.4 568.0 568.2 568.9 569.4 571.1 1.7

Miscellaneous manufacturing ............................ 672.2 655.4 651.1 644.7 675.9 655.9 655.2 652.7 650.2 648.4 -1.8

Nondurable goods ................................................. 5,612 5,484 5,455 5,390 5,658 5,508 5,497 5,470 5,452 5,438 -14

Production workers ....................................... 4,101 3,982 3,961 3,905 4,137 4,000 3,992 3,959 3,960 3,944 -16

Food manufacturing ........................................... 1,503.5 1,523.5 1,511.5 1,475.5 1,517.4 1,526.0 1,528.2 1,508.3 1,504.6 1,496.1 -8.5

Beverages and tobacco products ...................... 198.8 197.6 195.7 192.1 203.4 200.2 201.0 198.3 197.7 197.2 -.5

Textile mills ......................................................... 277.6 244.4 240.0 239.0 278.7 250.2 247.0 245.1 241.3 239.8 -1.5

Textile product mills ........................................... 184.2 174.3 174.2 174.8 188.0 173.7 172.6 175.2 175.0 175.8 .8

Apparel ................................................................ 328.9 299.2 293.8 288.4 336.2 299.8 299.7 297.7 295.7 294.2 -1.5

Leather and allied products ............................... 47.1 43.9 43.9 43.4 47.6 44.2 43.7 44.1 44.0 43.7 -.3

Paper and paper products ................................. 529.0 513.8 511.6 507.6 530.3 513.8 513.3 511.7 510.0 509.0 -1.0

Printing and related support activities ............... 682.3 674.2 672.5 665.9 686.3 676.2 673.3 673.1 670.2 669.5 -.7

Petroleum and coal products ............................. 113.5 112.5 110.0 109.5 117.9 112.9 112.6 112.0 111.6 114.0 2.4

Chemicals ........................................................... 919.2 895.0 896.8 891.9 921.0 902.7 899.1 897.6 896.2 893.6 -2.6

Plastics and rubber products ............................. 828.1 805.8 805.1 801.6 831.5 808.4 806.3 806.5 805.6 804.8 -.8

Service-providing ............................................ 106,652 109,241 109,270 107,086 108,068 108,159 108,270 108,341 108,373 108,478 105

Private service-providing ............................ 85,110 87,279 87,366 85,644 86,450 86,620 86,710 86,797 86,834 86,952 118

Trade, transportation, and utilities ........................... 25,198 25,687 25,881 25,150 25,375 25,252 25,272 25,261 25,218 25,319 101

Wholesale trade .................................................... 5,581.8 5,599.7 5,605.2 5,567.3 5,627.3 5,585.1 5,581.6 5,592.7 5,600.4 5,611.1 10.7

Durable goods .................................................... 2,951.9 2,945.4 2,951.3 2,942.2 2,969.2 2,932.1 2,932.0 2,943.9 2,949.5 2,959.5 10.0

Nondurable goods .............................................. 1,988.4 1,993.0 1,991.3 1,966.9 2,012.8 1,995.9 1,992.4 1,989.2 1,990.4 1,989.6 -.8

Electronic markets and agents and brokers ..... 641.5 661.3 662.6 658.2 645.3 657.1 657.2 659.6 660.5 662.0 1.5

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail-Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003p

Jan.

2004p

Jan.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003p

Jan.

2004p

Change

from:

Dec. 2003-

Jan. 2004

Retail trade ............................................................ 14,854.7 15,299.0 15,492.2 14,869.0 14,946.4 14,926.8 14,948.1 14,921.7 14,880.8 14,956.5 75.7

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1........................ 1,856.1 1,896.6 1,887.0 1,873.6 1,879.2 1,889.8 1,889.7 1,892.9 1,893.7 1,896.8 3.1

Automobile dealers ......................................... 1,244.1 1,260.9 1,256.8 1,251.9 1,252.5 1,259.7 1,259.6 1,258.9 1,259.0 1,260.6 1.6

Furniture and home furnishings stores ............. 545.4 559.1 569.0 547.0 545.0 539.7 540.2 544.8 547.9 546.0 -1.9

Electronics and appliance stores ....................... 529.2 527.6 540.8 519.3 521.2 506.7 506.5 512.8 514.2 509.6 -4.6

Building material and garden supply stores ...... 1,127.6 1,200.4 1,193.7 1,170.5 1,182.3 1,203.4 1,204.0 1,210.0 1,210.5 1,224.0 13.5

Food and beverage stores ................................. 2,844.6 2,851.3 2,855.4 2,816.0 2,856.2 2,829.4 2,838.7 2,821.4 2,809.8 2,823.7 13.9

Health and personal care stores ....................... 937.6 959.3 967.9 956.8 936.0 943.1 948.3 951.6 952.7 954.9 2.2

Gasoline stations ................................................ 877.6 874.9 872.0 866.2 885.2 877.9 873.8 875.2 870.7 873.3 2.6

Clothing and clothing accessories stores ......... 1,311.8 1,352.7 1,410.2 1,305.9 1,301.4 1,295.6 1,302.6 1,297.1 1,298.4 1,296.6 -1.8

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

 stores................................................................ 661.7 673.2 706.6 653.2 652.6 642.8 642.0 641.3 636.4 642.9 6.5

1 General merchandise stores ............................. 2,798.9 3,012.7 3,080.2 2,823.9 2,811.1 2,839.9 2,842.9 2,826.4 2,803.2 2,840.2 37.0

Department stores .......................................... 1,651.5 1,754.9 1,798.7 1,627.3 1,644.6 1,623.7 1,623.5 1,612.6 1,612.4 1,618.7 6.3

Miscellaneous store retailers ............................. 929.9 946.5 958.9 915.6 944.1 931.7 933.5 930.9 921.1 929.4 8.3

Nonstore retailers ............................................... 434.3 444.7 450.5 421.0 432.1 426.8 425.9 417.3 422.2 419.1 -3.1

Transportation and warehousing .......................... 4,176.6 4,209.8 4,204.5 4,136.5 4,214.8 4,160.8 4,162.9 4,168.0 4,157.8 4,172.3 14.5

Air transportation ................................................ 556.9 512.6 513.1 508.0 562.0 511.8 506.1 511.5 511.8 510.6 -1.2

Rail transportation .............................................. 213.8 216.6 216.5 214.0 215.1 215.6 215.2 215.5 215.4 215.2 -.2

Water transportation ........................................... 51.1 49.6 49.0 48.5 53.2 51.5 52.2 50.9 50.6 50.7 .1

Truck transportation ........................................... 1,298.0 1,347.0 1,342.7 1,310.5 1,328.6 1,328.7 1,329.3 1,335.7 1,337.3 1,339.8 2.5

Transit and ground passenger transportation ... 386.4 398.5 399.1 392.3 378.3 380.7 389.2 385.7 385.9 384.9 -1.0

Pipeline transportation ....................................... 41.1 38.9 38.4 37.5 41.0 39.3 39.0 38.7 38.2 37.5 -.7

Scenic and sightseeing transportation .............. 19.5 25.2 25.4 24.6 23.0 28.9 29.0 28.7 30.0 30.5 .5

Support activities for transportation ................... 517.8 513.2 514.1 506.4 522.2 515.4 514.3 512.4 511.3 511.3 .0

Couriers and messengers .................................. 571.6 574.1 581.3 572.4 567.8 566.5 565.0 564.7 560.9 566.7 5.8

Warehousing and storage .................................. 520.4 534.1 524.9 522.3 523.6 522.4 523.6 524.2 516.4 525.1 8.7

Utilities ................................................................... 584.6 578.3 578.7 576.7 586.6 578.9 579.2 578.9 579.1 578.8 -.3

Information ................................................................ 3,249 3,177 3,190 3,156 3,258 3,175 3,166 3,172 3,175 3,165 -10

Publishing industries, except Internet ............... 937.3 921.2 923.2 910.4 938.1 919.3 918.0 918.4 917.7 911.8 -5.9

Motion picture and sound recording industries . 378.6 382.9 392.6 382.1 381.0 375.4 373.4 382.7 385.3 383.4 -1.9

Broadcasting, except Internet ............................ 327.7 328.5 331.0 327.8 328.6 327.6 326.0 327.0 328.6 328.6 .0

Internet publishing and broadcasting ................ 29.8 30.4 30.2 30.6 30.0 30.1 29.9 30.4 30.4 30.8 .4

Telecommunications .......................................... 1,115.5 1,061.7 1,060.9 1,060.4 1,118.7 1,069.4 1,065.2 1,062.2 1,062.9 1,063.6 .7

ISPs, search portals, and data processing ....... 412.2 404.0 403.4 397.6 413.3 405.4 404.8 402.6 401.6 399.1 -2.5

Other information services ................................. 48.0 48.2 48.3 47.1 48.3 48.0 48.3 48.2 48.3 47.4 -.9

Financial activities .................................................... 7,866 7,972 7,974 7,929 7,915 8,004 7,990 7,985 7,980 7,982 2

Finance and insurance .......................................... 5,870.1 5,919.8 5,915.9 5,902.6 5,879.2 5,945.6 5,930.2 5,922.7 5,914.7 5,916.0 1.3

Monetary authorities - central bank ................... 23.1 22.5 22.3 22.2 23.1 22.6 22.5 22.5 22.3 22.2 -.1

1 Credit intermediation and related activities ....... 2,746.1 2,787.8 2,784.8 2,779.3 2,747.3 2,808.1 2,801.0 2,790.3 2,783.1 2,783.7 .6

1 Depository credit intermediation ..................... 1,742.1 1,754.0 1,755.1 1,758.3 1,741.3 1,757.9 1,760.1 1,758.1 1,756.0 1,758.3 2.3

Commercial banking .................................... 1,279.4 1,277.6 1,276.8 1,277.8 1,278.7 1,283.6 1,284.4 1,280.5 1,277.3 1,277.0 -.3

Securities, commodity contracts, investments .. 768.7 768.1 772.1 780.0 770.5 761.7 762.0 769.1 774.4 781.8 7.4

Insurance carriers and related activities ........... 2,249.1 2,261.8 2,255.9 2,241.8 2,254.9 2,271.9 2,264.7 2,261.2 2,254.1 2,248.7 -5.4

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles ........ 83.1 79.6 80.8 79.3 83.4 81.3 80.0 79.6 80.8 79.6 -1.2

Real estate and rental and leasing ....................... 1,995.7 2,052.2 2,057.8 2,026.6 2,036.0 2,057.9 2,060.2 2,062.7 2,065.4 2,066.2 .8

Real estate .......................................................... 1,341.4 1,387.8 1,394.2 1,375.5 1,369.1 1,388.8 1,390.6 1,394.5 1,398.0 1,401.8 3.8

Rental and leasing services ............................... 628.3 634.9 633.8 622.1 640.5 639.8 639.9 639.0 637.6 634.8 -2.8

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets ......... 26.0 29.5 29.8 29.0 26.4 29.3 29.7 29.2 29.8 29.6 -.2

Professional and business services ........................ 15,568 16,232 16,142 15,787 15,902 16,051 16,070 16,114 16,159 16,137 -22

1 Professional and technical services ..................... 6,653.6 6,618.1 6,656.6 6,693.3 6,613.2 6,606.3 6,624.1 6,647.9 6,670.5 6,651.5 -19.0

Legal services .................................................. 1,122.8 1,145.5 1,143.0 1,132.9 1,129.9 1,136.6 1,140.4 1,142.9 1,141.7 1,140.9 -.8

Accounting and bookkeeping services ........... 913.8 753.8 792.8 899.6 821.4 802.5 801.5 810.6 821.8 803.7 -18.1

Architectural and engineering services .......... 1,207.8 1,234.6 1,233.5 1,217.5 1,224.0 1,230.1 1,230.9 1,233.9 1,236.8 1,234.3 -2.5

Computer systems design and related

 services.......................................................... 1,116.7 1,107.1 1,108.1 1,105.1 1,115.5 1,103.3 1,107.0 1,105.7 1,105.1 1,104.5 -.6

Management and technical consulting

 services.......................................................... 732.0 764.3 770.0 756.7 740.9 749.3 755.6 760.6 764.3 766.1 1.8

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail-Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003p

Jan.

2004p

Jan.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003p

Jan.

2004p

Change

from:

Dec. 2003-

Jan. 2004

Professional and business services-Continued

Management of companies and enterprises ....... 1,665.0 1,681.9 1,681.7 1,658.2 1,681.1 1,671.7 1,669.1 1,671.6 1,670.3 1,674.5 4.2

Administrative and waste services ....................... 7,249.6 7,932.1 7,803.2 7,435.5 7,607.6 7,773.1 7,776.3 7,794.5 7,818.5 7,811.1 -7.4

1 Administrative and support services ................. 6,934.9 7,611.3 7,481.6 7,120.6 7,286.0 7,451.6 7,456.0 7,473.7 7,495.9 7,489.2 -6.7

1 Employment services ...................................... 3,072.3 3,538.8 3,489.5 3,234.5 3,276.7 3,389.1 3,402.0 3,427.6 3,452.3 3,448.4 -3.9

Temporary help services ............................. 2,042.6 2,394.6 2,371.4 2,168.5 2,189.3 2,287.2 2,291.7 2,319.4 2,342.7 2,321.3 -21.4

Business support services .............................. 744.1 756.4 756.8 732.8 746.2 753.2 753.5 746.7 744.4 736.4 -8.0

Services to buildings and dwellings ............... 1,483.8 1,650.7 1,576.5 1,508.1 1,613.1 1,645.2 1,639.6 1,639.4 1,641.5 1,642.7 1.2

Waste management and remediation services 314.7 320.8 321.6 314.9 321.6 321.5 320.3 320.8 322.6 321.9 -.7

Education and health services ................................ 16,325 16,912 16,885 16,648 16,432 16,622 16,678 16,705 16,734 16,756 22

Educational services ............................................. 2,592.6 2,906.3 2,859.9 2,668.5 2,670.8 2,689.1 2,707.7 2,723.1 2,734.0 2,741.7 7.7

Health care and social assistance ........................13,732.0 14,005.8 14,024.8 13,979.0 13,761.1 13,933.3 13,970.0 13,981.5 14,000.1 14,014.3 14.2

1 Ambulatory health care services ....................... 4,701.3 4,827.0 4,839.1 4,823.0 4,714.9 4,792.8 4,812.8 4,818.7 4,828.4 4,839.1 10.7

Offices of physicians ....................................... 1,980.3 2,026.3 2,036.8 2,026.3 1,983.3 2,008.2 2,018.5 2,023.3 2,030.2 2,030.2 .0

Outpatient care centers ................................... 419.9 426.5 424.5 429.2 421.1 422.9 423.3 426.4 423.2 429.6 6.4

Home health care services ............................. 704.8 738.6 743.0 735.7 707.8 732.8 737.7 735.7 740.1 739.1 -1.0

Hospitals ............................................................. 4,210.1 4,280.9 4,284.6 4,280.4 4,217.3 4,264.4 4,268.9 4,278.1 4,282.6 4,287.7 5.1

1 Nursing and residential care facilities ............... 2,765.5 2,796.4 2,801.0 2,783.9 2,770.4 2,789.3 2,794.2 2,792.8 2,796.1 2,790.8 -5.3

Nursing care facilities ...................................... 1,578.5 1,586.8 1,585.2 1,574.8 1,580.2 1,583.1 1,585.2 1,584.1 1,581.6 1,578.0 -3.6

1 Social assistance ................................................ 2,055.1 2,101.5 2,100.1 2,091.7 2,058.5 2,086.8 2,094.1 2,091.9 2,093.0 2,096.7 3.7

Child day care services ................................... 758.6 779.2 777.1 769.8 751.4 765.8 771.6 766.3 766.2 764.3 -1.9

Leisure and hospitality ............................................. 11,568 11,925 11,929 11,655 12,171 12,126 12,147 12,178 12,193 12,214 21

Arts, entertainment, and recreation ...................... 1,624.9 1,650.1 1,656.3 1,602.4 1,843.8 1,794.4 1,796.9 1,799.4 1,798.7 1,803.7 5.0

Performing arts and spectator sports ................ 339.5 356.0 356.7 338.7 375.4 372.0 369.6 371.7 372.4 372.9 .5

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks ...... 106.8 111.1 109.0 103.9 115.4 113.4 114.2 113.3 112.5 112.5 .0

Amusements, gambling, and recreation ........... 1,178.6 1,183.0 1,190.6 1,159.8 1,353.0 1,309.0 1,313.1 1,314.4 1,313.8 1,318.3 4.5

Accommodations and food services .................... 9,942.9 10,275.3 10,272.9 10,052.5 10,327.5 10,331.7 10,350.4 10,378.9 10,393.8 10,409.9 16.1

Accommodations ................................................ 1,709.4 1,694.1 1,689.1 1,660.1 1,809.3 1,739.1 1,733.7 1,751.7 1,758.5 1,747.1 -11.4

Food services and drinking places .................... 8,233.5 8,581.2 8,583.8 8,392.4 8,518.2 8,592.6 8,616.7 8,627.2 8,635.3 8,662.8 27.5

Other services .......................................................... 5,336 5,374 5,365 5,319 5,397 5,390 5,387 5,382 5,375 5,379 4

Repair and maintenance .................................... 1,225.5 1,231.9 1,227.5 1,225.9 1,236.1 1,240.4 1,237.6 1,234.4 1,231.7 1,236.3 4.6

Personal and laundry services .......................... 1,247.1 1,256.5 1,247.5 1,234.1 1,262.5 1,252.7 1,254.6 1,254.1 1,248.2 1,249.7 1.5

Membership associations and organizations .... 2,863.8 2,885.2 2,890.2 2,859.2 2,898.1 2,896.5 2,895.2 2,893.9 2,895.3 2,893.1 -2.2

Government .............................................................. 21,542 21,962 21,904 21,442 21,618 21,539 21,560 21,544 21,539 21,526 -13

Federal ................................................................... 2,767 2,712 2,741 2,704 2,785 2,747 2,736 2,723 2,722 2,723 1

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service ................. 1,946.3 1,914.6 1,923.3 1,912.4 1,965.0 1,942.1 1,932.9 1,924.9 1,930.5 1,930.3 -.2

U.S. Postal Service ............................................ 820.4 797.7 817.4 791.9 819.8 804.8 803.3 798.1 791.1 792.3 1.2

State government .................................................. 4,950 5,168 5,120 4,926 5,021 5,019 5,031 5,023 5,017 5,002 -15

State government education .............................. 2,193.4 2,442.2 2,395.5 2,203.0 2,248.9 2,278.8 2,290.4 2,282.5 2,278.1 2,264.3 -13.8

State government, excluding education ............ 2,756.2 2,726.2 2,724.8 2,723.0 2,772.0 2,740.4 2,740.4 2,740.0 2,738.9 2,737.6 -1.3

Local government .................................................. 13,825 14,082 14,043 13,812 13,812 13,773 13,793 13,798 13,800 13,801 1

Local government education ............................. 7,819.7 8,025.8 8,001.6 7,799.9 7,701.5 7,673.9 7,687.0 7,684.5 7,686.4 7,684.5 -1.9

Local government, excluding education ........... 6,005.6 6,056.4 6,041.5 6,012.1 6,110.6 6,099.3 6,105.9 6,113.1 6,113.2 6,116.3 3.1

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately. NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2003 benchmark levels

p = preliminary. and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003p

Jan.

2004p

Jan.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003p

Jan.

2004p

Change

from:

Dec. 2003-

Jan. 2004

Total private ....................................... 33.4 34.0 33.6 33.2 33.8 33.6 33.7 33.8 33.5 33.7 0.2

Goods-producing .......................................... 39.5 40.3 40.1 39.8 39.8 39.8 39.9 40.1 39.9 40.1 .2

Natural resources and mining .............................. 42.4 44.2 43.6 43.3 43.4 43.6 43.7 43.9 43.7 44.2 .5

Construction ............................................................ 37.8 38.3 37.4 37.6 38.7 38.4 38.4 38.5 38.1 38.4 .3

Manufacturing ......................................................... 40.1 41.2 41.3 40.7 40.3 40.4 40.5 40.8 40.6 40.9 .3

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.0 4.7 4.9 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.6 .0

Durable goods ..................................................... 40.5 41.6 41.9 41.2 40.7 40.8 40.9 41.3 41.1 41.4 .3

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.1 4.8 5.2 4.7 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.7 4.8 4.9 .1

Wood products .................................................. 39.2 41.5 41.0 40.1 40.1 40.4 40.6 41.2 40.9 40.9 .0

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 41.0 42.6 42.0 41.5 42.1 41.9 42.1 42.4 42.4 42.4 .0

Primary metals .................................................. 42.4 42.9 43.5 43.2 42.3 42.2 42.3 42.7 42.7 43.0 .3

Fabricated metal products .............................. 40.5 41.3 41.6 41.0 40.7 40.7 40.8 40.9 40.7 41.0 .3

Machinery .......................................................... 40.4 41.4 41.8 41.4 40.4 41.0 40.9 41.1 40.9 41.4 .5

Computer and electronic products ................ 39.7 41.3 41.3 40.4 40.0 40.6 40.7 40.7 40.4 40.7 .3

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 40.1 41.4 42.1 41.3 40.4 40.6 40.9 40.8 40.9 41.5 .6

Transportation equipment ............................... 42.2 43.1 43.7 42.9 42.3 42.0 41.9 42.7 42.7 42.8 .1

Furniture and related products ....................... 38.2 40.0 40.6 39.5 38.6 39.1 39.1 39.9 39.9 39.8 -.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 38.5 39.2 39.2 39.0 38.9 38.3 38.3 38.9 38.5 39.2 .7

Nondurable goods ............................................... 39.5 40.6 40.4 39.8 39.7 39.8 39.9 40.1 39.8 40.1 .3

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.0 4.5 4.4 4.0 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.2 4.2 .0

Food manufacturing ......................................... 38.7 39.9 39.6 39.1 39.2 39.3 39.3 39.2 39.0 39.5 .5

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 38.2 40.3 38.5 38.9 39.2 39.1 38.8 39.9 38.7 39.8 1.1

Textile mills ........................................................ 39.0 40.2 40.3 40.1 39.0 39.0 39.1 40.0 39.8 39.9 .1

Textile product mills ......................................... 38.8 40.2 40.3 38.9 39.0 40.7 40.4 40.0 39.5 39.3 -.2

Apparel ............................................................... 35.7 36.7 36.0 35.1 36.1 35.1 35.8 36.2 35.7 35.5 -.2

Leather and allied products ............................ 38.8 39.2 40.6 39.2 39.4 38.4 38.9 39.3 40.2 39.7 -.5

Paper and paper products .............................. 41.5 42.3 43.0 42.1 41.5 41.2 41.5 41.9 42.1 42.1 .0

Printing and related support activities ........... 37.9 39.0 38.7 38.0 38.5 38.2 38.5 38.4 38.2 38.4 .2

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 44.1 45.8 44.2 43.7 43.5 44.2 44.9 45.6 44.2 43.4 -.8

Chemicals .......................................................... 42.1 43.1 42.8 42.4 42.2 42.2 42.0 42.7 42.3 42.5 .2

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 40.1 41.1 41.3 40.6 40.3 40.5 40.6 40.7 40.5 40.7 .2

Private service-providing ............................. 32.0 32.6 32.2 31.9 32.5 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.2 32.3 .1

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 32.9 33.7 33.5 32.9 33.5 33.5 33.6 33.6 33.4 33.6 .2

Wholesale trade ................................................... 37.2 38.5 37.7 37.5 37.6 37.8 38.0 38.0 37.8 37.9 .1

Retail trade ........................................................... 30.1 30.7 30.9 30.1 30.9 30.9 30.9 30.9 30.7 30.9 .2

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 36.3 37.5 36.9 36.2 36.9 36.9 37.1 37.0 36.6 36.8 .2

Utilities ................................................................... 41.1 41.9 40.5 40.5 41.0 40.4 41.0 41.4 40.6 40.5 -.1

Information ............................................................... 35.7 36.8 36.0 35.8 35.9 36.1 36.1 36.3 36.1 36.1 .0

Financial activities .................................................. 35.2 36.1 35.2 35.3 35.6 35.4 35.5 35.5 35.2 35.7 .5

Professional and business services .................... 33.8 34.3 33.7 33.5 34.3 33.9 34.0 34.1 33.8 34.0 .2

Education and health services ............................. 32.4 32.7 32.3 32.2 32.5 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.3 32.3 .0

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 24.9 25.6 25.1 24.7 25.9 25.5 25.6 25.7 25.5 25.6 .1

Other services ......................................................... 31.7 31.4 31.1 31.0 31.8 31.2 31.3 31.2 31.1 31.1 .0

1 Data relate to production workers in natural resources and mining and p = preliminary.

manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2003 benchmark levels and 

workers in the service-providing industries. These groups account for updated seasonal adjustment factors. 

approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and 

selected industry detail

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Jan.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003p

Jan.

2004p

Jan.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003p

Jan.

2004p

Total private ....................................... $15.26 $15.52 $15.50 $15.56 $509.68 $527.68 $520.80 $516.59

Seasonally adjusted ..................... 15.18 15.46 15.47 15.49 513.08 522.55 518.25 522.01

Goods-producing .......................................... 16.56 16.98 17.05 16.94 654.12 684.29 683.71 674.21

Natural resources and mining .............................. 17.41 17.75 18.24 18.10 738.18 784.55 795.26 783.73

Construction ............................................................ 18.69 19.08 19.13 19.03 706.48 730.76 715.46 715.53

Manufacturing ......................................................... 15.61 15.92 16.06 15.97 625.96 655.90 663.28 649.98

Durable goods ..................................................... 16.35 16.64 16.78 16.64 662.18 692.22 703.08 685.57

Wood products .................................................. 12.52 12.95 12.92 12.88 490.78 537.43 529.72 516.49

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 15.62 15.99 16.02 16.03 640.42 681.17 672.84 665.25

Primary metals .................................................. 18.07 18.32 18.42 18.43 766.17 785.93 801.27 796.18

Fabricated metal products .............................. 14.96 15.06 15.23 15.24 605.88 621.98 633.57 624.84

Machinery .......................................................... 16.10 16.49 16.62 16.35 650.44 682.69 694.72 676.89

Computer and electronic products ................ 16.33 16.78 16.83 16.86 648.30 693.01 695.08 681.14

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 14.09 14.54 14.65 14.39 565.01 601.96 616.77 594.31

Transportation equipment ............................... 21.22 21.48 21.74 21.31 895.48 925.79 950.04 914.20

Furniture and related products ....................... 12.92 13.08 13.10 12.96 493.54 523.20 531.86 511.92

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 13.12 13.53 13.62 13.66 505.12 530.38 533.90 532.74

Nondurable goods ............................................... 14.46 14.80 14.90 14.89 571.17 600.88 601.96 592.62

Food manufacturing ......................................... 12.73 12.91 12.97 12.89 492.65 515.11 513.61 504.00

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 17.82 18.64 18.82 19.20 680.72 751.19 724.57 746.88

Textile mills ........................................................ 11.99 12.08 12.22 12.15 467.61 485.62 492.47 487.22

Textile product mills ......................................... 11.10 11.35 11.38 11.42 430.68 456.27 458.61 444.24

Apparel ............................................................... 9.30 9.71 9.84 9.76 332.01 356.36 354.24 342.58

Leather and allied products ............................ 11.50 11.87 11.91 11.97 446.20 465.30 483.55 469.22

Paper and paper products .............................. 17.11 17.58 17.61 17.63 710.07 743.63 757.23 742.22

Printing and related support activities ........... 15.26 15.48 15.54 15.56 578.35 603.72 601.40 591.28

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 23.53 24.00 24.21 23.88 1,037.67 1,099.20 1,070.08 1,043.56

Chemicals .......................................................... 18.28 18.77 18.79 18.85 769.59 808.99 804.21 799.24

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 13.92 14.27 14.47 14.38 558.19 586.50 597.61 583.83

Private service-providing ............................. 14.90 15.13 15.09 15.19 476.80 493.24 485.90 484.56

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 14.24 14.44 14.34 14.48 468.50 486.63 480.39 476.39

Wholesale trade ................................................... 17.21 17.56 17.49 17.57 640.21 676.06 659.37 658.88

Retail trade ........................................................... 11.87 11.92 11.90 11.99 357.29 365.94 367.71 360.90

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 15.99 16.40 16.37 16.36 580.44 615.00 604.05 592.23

Utilities ................................................................... 24.07 25.50 25.36 25.34 989.28 1,068.45 1,027.08 1,026.27

Information ............................................................... 20.72 21.28 21.10 21.12 739.70 783.10 759.60 756.10

Financial activities .................................................. 16.71 17.42 17.28 17.35 588.19 628.86 608.26 612.46

Professional and business services .................... 17.13 17.41 17.31 17.45 578.99 597.16 583.35 584.58

Education and health services ............................. 15.60 15.79 15.86 15.89 505.44 516.33 512.28 511.66

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 8.76 8.83 8.95 8.93 218.12 226.05 224.65 220.57

Other services ......................................................... 13.99 13.85 13.91 13.91 443.48 434.89 432.60 431.21

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately. NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2003 benchmark levels

p = preliminary. and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Total private:

Jan.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003p

Jan.

2004p

Percent

change from:

Dec. 2003-

Jan. 2004

Current dollars .............................................. $15.18 $15.41 $15.43 $15.46 $15.47 $15.49 0.1

2 Constant (1982) dollars .............................. 8.26 8.25 8.28 8.32 8.31 N.A. 3( )

Goods-producing .......................................................... 16.62 16.91 16.90 16.94 16.99 17.01 .1

Natural resources and mining .............................................. 17.36 17.66 17.72 17.79 18.19 18.02 -.9

Construction ............................................................................ 18.78 19.05 19.06 19.06 19.07 19.12 .3

Manufacturing ......................................................................... 15.58 15.84 15.83 15.89 15.94 15.94 .0

4 Excluding overtime .................................................... 14.79 15.06 15.03 15.06 15.09 15.09 .0

Durable goods ..................................................................... 16.32 16.57 16.54 16.58 16.65 16.62 -.2

Nondurable goods ............................................................... 14.43 14.70 14.72 14.79 14.82 14.86 .3

Private service-providing ............................................. 14.79 15.01 15.03 15.06 15.06 15.08 .1

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................................... 14.20 14.38 14.41 14.44 14.44 14.44 .0

Wholesale trade ................................................................... 17.19 17.44 17.47 17.47 17.48 17.54 .3

Retail trade ........................................................................... 11.83 11.94 11.95 11.97 11.97 11.96 -.1

Transportation and warehousing ...................................... 16.01 16.31 16.32 16.35 16.36 16.38 .1

Utilities ................................................................................... 24.05 24.96 25.17 25.36 25.24 25.34 .4

Information ............................................................................... 20.64 21.21 21.21 21.10 20.98 21.08 .5

Financial activities .................................................................. 16.71 17.27 17.29 17.30 17.32 17.37 .3

Professional and business services .................................... 16.98 17.19 17.25 17.29 17.27 17.31 .2

Education and health services ............................................. 15.53 15.70 15.73 15.77 15.80 15.82 .1

Leisure and hospitality ........................................................... 8.72 8.78 8.78 8.82 8.85 8.88 .3

Other services ......................................................................... 13.94 13.81 13.80 13.81 13.82 13.82 .0

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. rate of time and one-half.

2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and N.A. = not available.

Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this series. p = preliminary.

3 Change was -0.1 percent from Nov. 2003 to Dec. 2003, the NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2003 benchmark levels and

latest month available. updated seasonal adjustments factors.

4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the 
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003p

Jan.

2004p

Jan.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003p

Jan.

2004p

Percent

change from:

Dec. 2003-

Jan. 2004

Total private ....................................... 96.2 100.3 98.9 95.4 99.3 98.3 98.7 99.0 98.0 98.8 0.8

Goods-producing .......................................... 93.7 97.1 95.2 92.0 97.5 95.0 95.1 95.6 95.1 95.6 .5

Natural resources and mining .............................. 92.2 99.8 96.8 93.0 97.3 96.2 97.3 97.7 96.8 97.9 1.1

Construction ............................................................ 89.5 100.6 94.9 89.9 99.5 98.6 98.4 99.0 98.2 99.4 1.2

Manufacturing ......................................................... 95.6 95.4 95.3 92.9 96.8 93.4 93.5 94.1 93.5 94.1 .6

Durable goods ..................................................... 95.6 95.5 95.9 93.5 96.8 93.2 93.2 94.5 93.9 94.5 .6

Wood products .................................................. 94.2 100.7 98.8 95.1 98.2 96.3 97.3 99.7 98.9 98.8 -.1

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 88.9 95.6 91.7 88.5 96.0 92.3 92.6 93.6 93.5 95.1 1.7

Primary metals .................................................. 97.2 91.9 93.6 92.3 97.0 90.7 90.3 91.5 91.7 91.8 .1

Fabricated metal products .............................. 97.1 96.3 97.4 95.7 97.7 94.1 94.3 95.1 94.9 95.8 .9

Machinery .......................................................... 95.7 94.8 95.5 93.9 95.6 93.2 92.8 94.2 93.0 93.7 .8

Computer and electronic products ................ 94.6 92.4 91.9 89.0 95.4 91.2 90.7 90.8 89.6 89.6 .0

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 94.6 91.4 93.2 90.5 95.7 90.0 90.1 90.3 90.3 91.1 .9

Transportation equipment ............................... 97.6 98.4 99.8 97.2 98.4 95.3 95.2 97.0 96.9 97.4 .5

Furniture and related products ....................... 93.3 94.9 96.2 93.1 94.7 92.6 92.6 94.5 94.4 94.3 -.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 95.9 93.8 93.3 91.5 97.7 91.7 91.3 92.7 91.5 92.7 1.3

Nondurable goods ............................................... 95.4 95.2 94.2 91.5 96.7 93.8 93.8 93.5 92.8 93.1 .3

Food manufacturing ......................................... 96.4 100.3 98.7 95.0 98.6 98.8 98.9 96.5 96.8 97.4 .6

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 87.9 87.4 84.3 83.8 92.9 87.1 87.3 88.1 85.9 88.4 2.9

Textile mills ........................................................ 92.0 82.7 81.2 80.6 92.2 81.9 81.0 82.3 80.7 80.5 -.2

Textile product mills ......................................... 93.5 92.3 93.2 90.3 95.5 93.2 92.2 92.6 91.7 92.3 .7

Apparel ............................................................... 87.9 80.6 76.6 73.6 90.9 76.7 78.1 78.9 76.9 76.0 -1.2

Leather and allied products ............................ 96.0 89.2 91.8 87.6 98.8 88.9 88.5 90.0 91.5 89.6 -2.1

Paper and paper products .............................. 95.5 93.3 94.3 91.4 95.6 91.0 91.4 91.9 92.0 91.5 -.5

Printing and related support activities ........... 94.5 95.8 95.2 91.7 96.9 94.4 94.7 94.2 93.5 93.6 .1

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 96.8 101.5 95.1 94.2 100.0 97.0 98.4 100.1 96.6 97.9 1.3

Chemicals .......................................................... 99.2 99.5 99.3 97.7 99.5 98.3 97.6 98.9 98.3 98.0 -.3

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 96.3 95.4 95.8 93.6 97.2 94.6 94.7 94.7 94.1 94.2 .1

Private service-providing ............................. 96.7 101.0 99.9 96.7 100.0 99.4 99.5 99.8 99.1 99.6 .5

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 96.3 100.9 101.1 95.9 98.8 98.4 98.7 98.6 97.7 98.7 1.0

Wholesale trade ................................................... 96.1 99.3 97.2 95.7 98.0 97.5 97.7 97.9 97.4 97.6 .2

Retail trade ........................................................... 95.9 101.2 103.3 95.9 99.1 99.1 99.3 99.0 97.9 99.1 1.2

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 97.2 101.5 99.8 96.0 99.8 98.7 99.1 98.8 97.4 98.5 1.1

Utilities ................................................................... 98.4 99.9 96.4 96.1 98.6 96.5 98.0 98.8 96.7 96.5 -.2

Information ............................................................... 96.3 98.9 97.4 95.8 96.8 96.8 96.8 97.7 97.1 96.6 -.5

Financial activities .................................................. 99.2 102.8 100.1 99.7 101.0 101.5 101.6 101.3 100.3 101.5 1.2

Professional and business services .................... 95.2 100.8 98.4 95.2 99.2 98.5 99.0 99.4 98.7 99.2 .5

Education and health services ............................. 100.4 104.3 102.8 100.9 101.4 101.4 101.6 102.0 101.8 101.9 .1

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 92.2 97.9 96.0 92.1 101.1 99.4 100.0 100.5 99.8 100.5 .7

Other services ......................................................... 97.7 96.7 95.7 94.3 99.2 96.5 96.7 96.3 95.8 95.8 .0

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and production or

p = preliminary. nonsupervisory worker employment. Data have been revised to reflect

NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by March 2003 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustments factors.

dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the In addition, because of revisions to the base-year data, the entire historical

corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate hours estimates data series for each of the indexes is subject to revision.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003p

Jan.

2004p

Jan.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003p

Jan.

2004p

Percent

change from:

Dec. 2003-

Jan. 2004

Total private ....................................... 98.2 104.1 102.6 99.3 100.9 101.4 101.9 102.4 101.5 102.3 0.8

Goods-producing .......................................... 95.0 100.9 99.4 95.4 99.2 98.4 98.4 99.2 99.0 99.6 .6

Natural resources and mining .............................. 93.3 103.1 102.7 97.9 98.3 98.8 100.3 101.1 102.4 102.6 .2

Construction ............................................................ 90.3 103.6 98.1 92.4 100.9 101.4 101.3 101.9 101.1 102.7 1.6

Manufacturing ......................................................... 97.6 99.3 100.1 97.0 98.6 96.8 96.8 97.8 97.5 98.0 .5

Durable goods ..................................................... 97.6 99.2 100.5 97.1 98.6 96.4 96.3 97.8 97.6 98.1 .5

Nondurable goods ............................................... 97.5 99.6 99.2 96.3 98.6 97.4 97.6 97.7 97.2 97.8 .6

Private service-providing ............................. 99.0 105.0 103.6 100.9 101.6 102.5 102.7 103.2 102.5 103.1 .6

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 97.9 103.9 103.4 99.1 100.1 100.9 101.5 101.5 100.6 101.7 1.1

Wholesale trade ................................................... 97.5 102.7 100.2 99.1 99.2 100.1 100.6 100.7 100.3 100.8 .5

Retail trade ........................................................... 97.6 103.4 105.4 98.6 100.5 101.4 101.7 101.5 100.4 101.6 1.2

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 98.6 105.6 103.7 99.7 101.3 102.1 102.6 102.5 101.1 102.4 1.3

Utilities ................................................................... 98.9 106.3 102.0 101.6 99.0 100.5 103.0 104.6 101.9 102.1 .2

Information ............................................................... 98.8 104.2 101.7 100.2 98.9 101.6 101.6 102.1 100.8 100.8 .0

Financial activities .................................................. 102.5 110.7 106.9 106.9 104.4 108.4 108.6 108.3 107.4 109.0 1.5

Professional and business services .................... 97.1 104.4 101.4 98.8 100.2 100.7 101.6 102.2 101.4 102.1 .7

Education and health services ............................. 103.0 108.2 107.2 105.3 103.6 104.6 105.1 105.7 105.7 105.9 .2

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 94.1 100.8 100.2 95.9 102.8 101.7 102.3 103.4 103.0 104.1 1.1

Other services ......................................................... 99.6 97.6 97.0 95.6 100.7 97.1 97.3 96.9 96.5 96.4 -.1

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. hours, and production or nonsupervisrory worker employment. Data have

p = preliminary. been revised to reflect March 2003 benchmark levels and updated seasonal

NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated adjustment factors. In addition, because of revisions to the base-year

by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate payrolls by data, the entire historical data series for each of the indexes is subject

the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate payroll estimates to revision.

are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly 
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted

(Percent)

Time Span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

Private nonfarm payrolls, 278 industries 1

Over 1-month span:

2000 ........................................................ 61.9 62.9 63.3 59.5 46.9 61.7 63.1 52.5 51.1 53.4 56.8 53.8

2001 ........................................................ 52.2 47.8 50.4 34.4 41.4 39.2 37.1 38.8 38.3 32.4 36.7 34.9

2002 ........................................................ 40.1 35.1 41.0 41.5 41.7 47.8 44.1 44.1 42.8 39.0 38.7 34.5

2003 ........................................................ 41.2 35.1 38.1 41.4 42.8 40.1 40.5 39.7 49.3 46.0 51.1 p 48.4

2004 ........................................................

p 47.7

Over 3-month span:

2000 ........................................................ 69.2 66.2 67.8 68.3 60.1 58.1 56.3 61.5 56.5 53.2 52.9 56.8

2001 ........................................................ 52.7 50.4 50.4 43.5 38.8 34.9 36.2 37.9 34.7 35.3 30.8 32.0

2002 ........................................................ 34.0 37.4 35.1 36.2 36.7 39.4 39.9 40.8 38.7 37.1 34.4 34.7

2003 ........................................................ 36.5 32.6 36.3 35.1 40.5 42.6 37.4 35.4 40.1 45.5 50.5 p 50.0

2004 ........................................................

p 50.2

Over 6-month span:

2000 ........................................................ 67.3 69.1 72.5 72.5 67.4 67.8 66.7 60.8 59.0 55.0 59.7 54.0

2001 ........................................................ 51.8 50.0 51.8 47.3 43.5 41.5 38.1 35.4 32.2 33.1 31.5 31.1

2002 ........................................................ 29.5 30.0 31.1 31.1 31.7 37.1 37.2 39.0 34.7 36.5 35.3 33.3

2003 ........................................................ 33.6 31.1 31.7 31.7 33.5 37.8 36.2 36.5 40.5 39.4 42.6 p 42.8

2004 ........................................................

p 50.5

Over 12-month span:

2000 ........................................................ 70.9 69.2 73.2 71.0 69.8 71.0 70.0 70.3 70.3 65.6 63.8 62.1

2001 ........................................................ 59.5 59.5 53.4 49.3 48.6 45.0 43.3 43.9 39.9 37.8 37.1 34.9

2002 ........................................................ 33.6 31.7 30.2 30.4 30.2 29.1 32.0 31.3 30.0 29.5 32.9 34.7

2003 ........................................................ 34.5 31.5 32.9 33.5 36.2 34.4 34.7 33.1 37.6 37.4 33.1 p 35.6

2004 ........................................................

p 39.2

Over 1-month span:

2000 ........................................................ 48.2 58.3 50.0 50.0 41.1 57.1 60.7 28.6 25.0 35.1 39.9 41.1

2001 ........................................................ 22.6 22.0 21.4 16.1 15.5 23.2 13.7 14.3 19.0 17.9 14.9 10.1

2002 ........................................................ 21.4 18.5 23.8 35.1 29.8 32.7 40.5 28.0 31.0 11.9 15.5 17.9

2003 ........................................................ 26.2 15.5 22.6 13.7 26.2 25.0 28.0 26.2 27.4 28.6 51.2 p 37.5

2004 ........................................................

p 38.1

Over 3-month span:

2000 ........................................................ 53.6 53.6 56.0 54.8 44.0 44.0 51.2 47.6 32.7 25.0 23.2 38.7

2001 ........................................................ 35.7 21.4 16.1 14.3 13.1 13.7 11.9 8.9 8.3 13.1 8.9 10.1

2002 ........................................................ 9.5 10.1 11.3 17.9 17.3 19.0 28.0 22.0 23.8 15.5 6.5 4.8

2003 ........................................................ 13.7 13.1 16.7 10.1 13.1 14.9 16.1 16.1 16.1 24.4 27.4 p 36.3

2004 ........................................................

p 38.7

Over 6-month span:

2000 ........................................................ 44.0 52.4 55.4 57.7 47.6 51.8 56.0 45.2 39.3 34.5 32.1 27.4

2001 ........................................................ 22.0 23.8 22.0 20.8 14.3 13.7 14.3 10.1 10.7 5.4 7.1 4.8

2002 ........................................................ 6.5 8.9 7.7 8.3 7.7 14.3 14.9 10.7 12.5 10.1 8.9 8.9

2003 ........................................................ 11.3 9.5 6.0 7.1 8.9 13.1 8.9 13.1 13.1 16.7 19.0 p 18.5

2004 ........................................................

p 26.2

Over 12-month span:

2000 ........................................................ 41.7 39.3 47.0 50.0 46.4 52.4 51.8 49.4 46.4 40.5 35.1 33.3

2001 ........................................................ 29.8 32.1 20.8 19.0 13.1 12.5 10.7 11.9 11.9 10.1 8.3 6.0

2002 ........................................................ 7.1 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.1 3.6 4.8 6.0 4.8 7.1 4.8 8.3

2003 ........................................................ 10.7 6.0 6.5 5.4 8.3 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.7 11.9 9.5 p 11.3

2004 ........................................................

p 9.5

Manufacturing payrolls, 84 industries 1

1Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment,

spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with

p= preliminary. increasing and decreasing employment. Data have been revised to reflect

NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment March 2003 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.