For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Thursday, February 17, 2022 USDL-22-0264

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

STATE JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – DECEMBER 2021 

Job openings rates increased in 7 states, decreased in 4 states, and were little changed in 39 states and 

the District of Columbia on the last business day of December, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 

reported today. Hires rates decreased in 6 states, increased in 1 state, and were little changed in 43 states 

and the District of Columbia. Total separations rates decreased in 15 states, increased in 2 states, and 

were little changed in 33 states and the District of Columbia. Nationally, the job openings, hires, and 

total separations rates were little changed in December. (See tables A-E.) 

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, total separations, quits, and 

layoffs and discharges for the total nonfarm sector and for all states and the District of Columbia. 

Job Openings 

In December, job openings rates increased in 7 states and decreased in 4 states. The largest increases in 

job openings rates occurred in Wyoming (+1.8 percentage points), Pennsylvania (+1.1 points), and 

Minnesota (+0.9 point). The job openings rates decreased in Alabama, Massachusetts, Michigan, and 

New York (-0.5 point each). The national job openings rate was unchanged. (See table A.) 

The number of job openings increased in 9 states and decreased in 6 states in December. The largest 

increases occurred in Pennsylvania (+73,000), New Jersey (+29,000), and Minnesota (+28,000). The 

largest decreases in the job openings level occurred in New York (-52,000), Michigan (-24,000), and 

Ohio (-22,000). Nationally, the number of job openings was little changed. (See table A.) 

Hires 

In December, hires rates decreased in 6 states and increased in 1 state. The largest decreases in hires 

rates occurred in Hawaii (-2.1 percentage points), Florida (-1.3 points), and Idaho (-0.8 point). The 

increase occurred in Virginia (+0.5 percentage point). The national hires rate was little changed. (See 

table B.) 

The number of hires decreased in 7 states in December. The largest decreases occurred in Florida 

 (-116,000), California (-76,000), and Illinois (-27,000). Nationally, the number of hires decreased 

333,000. (See table B.) 
- 2 - 

Total Separations 

In December, total separations rates decreased in 15 states and increased in 2 states. The largest 

decreases occurred in New Hampshire (-2.1 percentage points), and Connecticut and Montana (-1.5 

points each). The total separations rate increased in Alaska (+2.2 percentage points) and Virginia (+0.8 

point). The national total separations rate was little changed over the month. (See table C.) 

The number of total separations decreased in 15 states in December and increased in 2 states. The 

largest decreases occurred in Pennsylvania (-55,000), Illinois (-40,000), and Georgia (-39,000). The 

increases in total separations level occurred in Virginia (+31,000) and Alaska (+7,000). Nationally, the 

number of total separations decreased 305,000. (See table C.) 

 

Quits 

In December, quits rates decreased in 13 states and increased in 4 states. The largest decreases in quits 

rates occurred in New Hampshire (-1.6 percentage points), Montana (-1.0 point), and Kentucky (-0.9 

point). The largest increases in the quits rate occurred in Alaska (+1.6 percentage points), Virginia (+0.7 

point), and Ohio (+0.5 point). Over the month, the national quits rate was little changed. (See table D.) 

The number of quits decreased in 12 states and increased in 4 states in December. The largest decreases 

in the quits level occurred in North Carolina (-34,000), Illinois (-30,000), and Georgia (-24,000). The 

largest increases in the quits level occurred in Virginia (+28,000), Ohio (+26,000), and Missouri 

(+10,000). Nationally, the number of quits edged down over the month (-161,000). (See table D.) 

 

Layoffs and Discharges 

In December, layoffs and discharges rates decreased in 10 states and increased in 1 state. The largest 

decreases in layoffs and discharges rates occurred in Wyoming (-1.1 percentage points), Connecticut 

(-0.9 point), and Montana and Pennsylvania (-0.7 point each). The increase occurred in Indiana 

(+0.3 percentage point). The national layoffs and discharges rate was little changed. (See table E.) 

The number of layoffs and discharges decreased in 9 states and increased in 1 state in December. The 

largest decreases in layoffs and discharges were in Pennsylvania (-44,000), Florida (-36,000), and New 

Jersey (-25,000). The increase occurred in Indiana (+11,000). Nationally, the number of layoffs and 

discharges was little changed over the month. (See table E.) 

For more information, please see the JOLTS interactive charts at www.bls.gov/charts/state-jobopenings-and-labor-turnover/state-job-openings-rates.htm#. 

 

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey State estimates for January 2022 are scheduled to 

be released on Thursday, March 17, 2022 at 10:00 a.m. (ET). 

 
- 3 - 

 
- 4 - 
- 5 - 
Technical Note 

 This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

JOLTS program provides information on labor 

demand and turnover. Additional information about 

the JOLTS program can be found at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job 

openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and 

total separations. The JOLTS program covers all 

private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian 

federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 

states and the District of Columbia. Industries are 

classified in accordance with the North American 

Industry Classification System. 

Definitions and Methodology (National/State) 

Shared definitions and procedures for National and 

State JOLTS Estimates can be found at: 

www.bls.gov/news.release/jolts.tn.htm 

Data Element Definitions

 Employment. Employment includes persons on 

the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay 

period that includes the 12th day of the reference 

month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, 

seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are 

included, as are employees on paid vacation or other 

paid leave. Proprietors or partners of unincorporated 

businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on 

strike for the entire pay period, and employees on 

leave without pay for the entire pay period are not 

counted as employed. Employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where 

they are working. JOLTS does not publish 

employment estimates but uses the reported 

employment for validation of the other reported data 

elements. 

Job Openings. Job openings include all 

positions that are open on the last business day of the 

reference month. A job is open only if it meets all 

three of these conditions: 

 A specific position exists and there is work 

available for that position. The position can be 

full-time or part-time, and it can be permanent, 

short-term, or seasonal. 

 The job could start within 30 days, whether or 

not the employer can find a suitable candidate 

during that time. 

 The employer is actively recruiting workers from 

outside the establishment to fill the position. 

Active recruiting means that the establishment is 

taking steps to fill a position. It may include 

advertising in newspapers, on television, or on 

the radio; posting Internet notices, posting “help 

wanted” signs, networking or making “word-ofmouth” announcements; accepting applications; 

interviewing candidates; contacting employment 

agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, 

state or local employment offices, or similar 

sources. 

 Excluded are positions open only to internal 

transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from 

layoffs. Also excluded are openings for positions 

with start dates more than 30 days in the future, 

positions for which employees have been hired but 

the employees have not yet reported for work, and 

positions to be filled by employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 

computed by dividing the number of job openings by 

the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll 

during the entire reference month, including newly 

hired and rehired employees; full-time and part-time 

employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal 

employees; employees who were recalled to a job at 

the location following a layoff (formal suspension 

from pay status) lasting more than 7 days; on-call or 

intermittent employees who returned to work after 

having been formally separated; workers who were 

hired and separated during the month, and transfers 

from other locations. Excluded are transfers or 

promotions within the reporting location, employees 

returning from strike, employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is 

computed by dividing the number of hires by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

 Separations. Total Separations include all 

separations from the payroll during the entire 

reference month and is reported by type of 

separation: quits, layoffs and discharges, and other 

separations. Quits include employees who left 

voluntarily with the exception of retirements or 
transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges 

includes involuntary separations initiated by the 

employer including layoffs with no intent to rehire; 

layoffs (formal suspensions from pay status) lasting 

or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges 

resulting from mergers, downsizing, or closings; 

firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of 

permanent or short-term employees; and terminations 

of seasonal employees (whether or not they are 

expected to return the next season). Other separations 

include retirements, transfers to other locations, 

separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 

Excluded from other separations are transfers within 

the same location; employees on strike; employees of 

temporary help agencies, employee leasing 

companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The 

other separations component is not published for 

states due to its comparatively high error, and 

because it comprises less than 8% of total 

separations. The separations rate is computed by 

dividing the number of separations by employment 

and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits and 

layoffs and discharges rates are computed similarly. 

State Estimates Methodology

The JOLTS sample of 21,000 establishments 

does not directly support the production of sample 

based state estimates. However, state estimates have 

been produced by combining the available sample 

with model-based estimates. 

 These estimates consist of four major estimating 

models; the Composite Regional model, the 

Synthetic model, the Composite Synthetic model, 

and the Extended Composite Synthetic model. The 

Composite Regional model uses JOLTS microdata, 

JOLTS regional published estimates, and Current 

Employment Statistics (CES) employment data. The 

Composite Synthetic model uses JOLTS microdata 

and Synthetic model estimates derived from monthly 

employment changes in microdata from the Quarterly 

Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and 

JOLTS published regional data. The Extended 

Composite Synthetic extends the Composite 

Synthetic estimates by ratio-adjusting the Composite 

Synthetic by the ratio of the current Composite 

Regional model estimate to the Composite Regional 

model estimate from one year ago. 

 The Extended Composite Synthetic model (and 

its major component—the Composite Regional 

model) is used to extend the Composite Synthetic 

estimates because all of the inputs required by this 

model are available at the time monthly estimate are 

produced. In contrast, the Composite Synthetic model 

(and its major component—the Synthetic model) can 

only be produced when the latest QCEW data are 

available. The current model uses the Extended 

Composite Synthetic model estimates to extend the 

Composite Synthetic model estimates during the 

annual JOLTS re-tabulation process. The extension 

of the Composite Synthetic model using current databased Composite Regional model estimates will 

ensure that the Composite Synthetic model estimates 

reflect current economic trends. 

 The Composite Regional model calculates statelevel JOLTS estimates from JOLTS microdata using 

sample weights, and the adjustments for nonresponse (NRAF). The Composite Regional estimate 

is then benchmarked to CES state-supersector 

employment to produce state-supersector estimates. 

The JOLTS sample, by itself, cannot ensure a 

reasonably sized sample for each state-supersector 

cell. The small JOLTS sample results in quite a 

number of state-supersector cells that lack enough 

data to produce a reasonable estimate. To overcome 

this issue, the state-level estimates derived directly 

from the JOLTS sample are augmented using JOLTS 

regional estimates when the number of respondents is 

low (that is, less than 30). This approach is known as 

a composite estimate which leverages the small 

JOLTS sample to the greatest extent possible and 

supplements that with a model-based estimate. 

 In this approach, the JOLTS microdata-based 

estimate is used, without model augmentation, in all 

state-supersector cells that have 30 or more 

respondents. The JOLTS regional estimate will be 

used, without a sample-based component, in all statesupersector cells that have fewer than five 

respondents. In all state-supersector cells with 5–30 

respondents an estimate is calculated that is a 

composition of a weighted estimate of the microdatabased estimate and a weighted estimate of the JOLTS 

regional estimate. The weight assigned to the JOLTS 

data in those cells is proportional the number of 

JOLTS respondents in the cell (weight=n∕30, where n 

is the number of respondents). 

 Benchmarking. The JOLTS State estimates 

utilize and leverage data from three BLS programs; 

JOLTS, CES, and QCEW. These state estimates are 

published as a historical series comprised of an 

historical annually revised benchmark component for 
the Composite Synthetic model and a current 

component Extended Composite Synthetic model 

which provides monthly "real-time" estimates 

between lagged benchmarks.

 Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses X-13 ARIMA 

for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal 

adjustment methodology is used in which new 

seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each 

month, using all relevant data, up to and including 

current month data. JOLTS state seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors 

at the beginning and end of the series and to detect 

and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally 

adjusted CES over-the-month employment trends are 

applied to the seasonally adjusted JOLTS state 

implied employment trends (hires minus separations) 

forcing them to be approximately the same, while 

preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data. 

Reliability of the estimates 

 JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling 

and nonsampling error. Sampling error occurs when a 

sample is surveyed rather than the entire population. 

There is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. 

The difference, or sampling error, varies depending 

on the particular sample selected. This variability is 

measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS 

analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent 

level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an 

estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population 

value because of sampling error. Sampling error 

estimates are available on the JOLTS Median 

Standard Errors page: 

http://www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.

htm 

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by 

nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for 

many reasons including: the failure to include a 

segment of the population; the inability to obtain data 

from all units in the sample; the inability or 

unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 

timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors 

made in the collection or processing of the data; and 

errors from the employment benchmark data used in 

estimation. 

 The JOLTS State variance estimates account for 

both sampling error and the error attributable to 

modeling. A small area domain model uses a 

Bayesian model to develop estimates of JOLTS State 

variance. The small area model uses QCEW-based 

JOLTS synthetic model data to generate a Bayesian 

prior distribution, then updates the prior distribution 

using JOLTS microdata and sample-based variance 

estimates at the State and US Census Regional level 

to generate a Bayesian posterior distribution. Once 

the Bayesian posterior distribution has been 

generated, an estimate of JOLTS State variance 

estimates is made by drawing 2,500 estimates from 

the Bayesian posterior distribution. This Bayesian 

approach thus indirectly accounts for sampling error 

and directly for model error. 

Other information 

Detailed information about the JOLTS State 

methodology can be found at: 

www.bls.gov/jlt/jlt_statedata_methodology.htm 

 If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech 

disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access 

telecommunications relay services. 
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Dec.

2020

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Dec.

2020

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 6,752 10,602 11,091 10,775 10,925 4.5 6.7 7.0 6.8 6.8

Alabama.......................................... 105 143 157 155 144 5.0 6.5 7.1 7.0 6.5

Alaska............................................ 22 30 29 30 32 6.7 8.9 8.5 8.8 9.3

Arizona........................................... 164 214 227 221 218 5.4 6.7 7.1 6.9 6.8

Arkansas......................................... 61 95 90 85 87 4.6 7.0 6.6 6.2 6.3

California......................................... 661 1,157 1,158 1,164 1,192 4.0 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.6

Colorado......................................... 120 192 214 217 228 4.4 6.5 7.2 7.3 7.6

Connecticut...................................... 67 100 104 114 110 4.1 5.8 6.0 6.6 6.4

Delaware......................................... 19 31 31 29 30 4.1 6.4 6.4 6.0 6.2

District of Columbia............................. 28 39 40 41 39 3.7 4.9 5.0 5.1 4.9

Florida............................................ 390 656 713 623 650 4.4 6.9 7.4 6.5 6.8

Georgia........................................... 275 417 412 419 403 5.8 8.3 8.2 8.3 8.0

Hawaii............................................ 29 27 53 53 54 5.1 4.5 8.4 8.4 8.5

Idaho............................................. 42 54 62 60 63 5.1 6.4 7.3 7.1 7.4

Illinois............................................. 264 436 427 395 398 4.5 7.0 6.8 6.3 6.3

Indiana........................................... 145 230 246 241 255 4.6 7.0 7.4 7.2 7.6

Iowa............................................... 71 113 118 115 120 4.5 6.8 7.1 6.9 7.2

Kansas........................................... 68 86 98 96 95 4.8 5.8 6.6 6.4 6.4

Kentucky......................................... 91 145 149 138 151 4.7 7.2 7.3 6.8 7.4

Louisiana......................................... 88 138 156 129 137 4.6 7.0 7.8 6.5 6.8

Maine............................................. 29 50 42 44 50 4.6 7.5 6.4 6.7 7.5

Maryland......................................... 131 210 224 205 214 4.8 7.3 7.7 7.1 7.3

Massachusetts.................................. 147 281 302 290 269 4.2 7.4 7.9 7.5 7.0

Michigan......................................... 217 366 397 345 321 5.1 8.0 8.6 7.5 7.0

Minnesota........................................ 107 194 255 195 223 3.8 6.3 8.1 6.3 7.2

Mississippi....................................... 59 84 87 80 84 5.0 6.9 7.1 6.5 6.8

Missouri.......................................... 134 205 244 224 225 4.6 6.7 7.9 7.3 7.3

Montana.......................................... 28 38 43 41 44 5.6 7.3 8.2 7.8 8.3

Nebraska......................................... 49 71 75 73 73 4.7 6.5 6.8 6.7 6.7

Nevada........................................... 61 109 112 109 105 4.6 7.5 7.6 7.4 7.1

New Hampshire................................. 34 54 51 60 63 5.0 7.5 7.1 8.3 8.6

New Jersey...................................... 219 294 301 280 309 5.4 6.8 6.9 6.4 7.1

New Mexico..................................... 40 66 68 63 61 4.9 7.5 7.7 7.1 6.9

New York........................................ 348 553 565 640 588 3.8 5.8 5.9 6.6 6.1

North Carolina................................... 238 329 344 358 377 5.1 6.8 7.0 7.3 7.6

North Dakota.................................... 19 32 33 32 32 4.5 7.1 7.3 7.1 7.1

Ohio............................................... 249 378 423 426 404 4.5 6.6 7.3 7.3 7.0

Oklahoma........................................ 81 123 124 117 119 4.8 6.9 7.0 6.6 6.7

Oregon........................................... 92 142 145 139 148 4.9 7.0 7.1 6.8 7.2

Pennsylvania.................................... 261 412 411 422 495 4.5 6.7 6.7 6.8 7.9

Rhode Island.................................... 23 38 40 38 38 4.8 7.3 7.7 7.3 7.3

South Carolina.................................. 128 182 182 172 182 5.7 7.8 7.8 7.4 7.8

South Dakota.................................... 23 34 37 31 32 5.1 7.2 7.8 6.6 6.9

Tennessee....................................... 142 227 242 232 223 4.5 6.8 7.2 6.9 6.7

Texas............................................. 554 837 901 878 886 4.3 6.1 6.5 6.3 6.4

Utah............................................... 80 110 124 115 122 4.9 6.4 7.1 6.6 7.0

Vermont.......................................... 15 25 24 25 28 5.0 7.8 7.5 7.8 8.6

Virginia........................................... 207 336 288 296 298 5.1 7.9 6.8 6.9 7.0

Washington...................................... 146 224 229 225 219 4.3 6.1 6.2 6.1 5.9

West Virginia.................................... 46 60 57 54 55 6.4 8.0 7.6 7.2 7.3

Wisconsin........................................ 118 219 217 218 204 4.0 7.1 7.0 7.0 6.6

Wyoming......................................... 17 20 22 21 27 5.8 6.8 7.4 7.1 8.9

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Dec.

2020

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Dec.

2020

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 5,411 6,546 6,506 6,596 6,263 3.8 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.2

Alabama.......................................... 80 106 105 100 94 4.0 5.2 5.1 4.9 4.6

Alaska............................................ 17 21 19 20 18 5.6 6.9 6.1 6.4 5.8

Arizona........................................... 105 139 128 135 136 3.7 4.7 4.3 4.5 4.5

Arkansas......................................... 53 66 61 62 64 4.2 5.2 4.8 4.8 5.0

California......................................... 559 656 691 700 624 3.5 3.9 4.1 4.2 3.7

Colorado......................................... 96 141 124 139 128 3.7 5.1 4.5 5.0 4.6

Connecticut...................................... 53 64 60 65 62 3.4 4.0 3.7 4.0 3.8

Delaware......................................... 17 23 21 21 21 3.8 5.1 4.7 4.6 4.6

District of Columbia............................. 16 20 21 23 21 2.2 2.7 2.8 3.0 2.8

Florida............................................ 313 420 456 457 341 3.7 4.7 5.1 5.1 3.8

Georgia........................................... 194 268 247 241 238 4.4 5.8 5.4 5.2 5.1

Hawaii............................................ 22 22 37 37 25 4.1 3.8 6.4 6.4 4.3

Idaho............................................. 36 40 37 44 38 4.6 5.1 4.7 5.6 4.8

Illinois............................................. 235 261 255 277 250 4.2 4.5 4.4 4.7 4.2

Indiana........................................... 124 150 142 145 149 4.1 4.9 4.6 4.7 4.8

Iowa............................................... 64 64 62 62 63 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.0 4.1

Kansas........................................... 47 49 55 57 56 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.1 4.0

Kentucky......................................... 87 100 98 104 98 4.7 5.3 5.2 5.5 5.1

Louisiana......................................... 81 94 102 98 91 4.4 5.2 5.5 5.2 4.9

Maine............................................. 24 32 28 28 28 4.0 5.2 4.6 4.6 4.5

Maryland......................................... 83 104 99 101 103 3.2 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.8

Massachusetts.................................. 108 145 142 121 131 3.2 4.1 4.0 3.4 3.7

Michigan......................................... 161 198 201 203 203 4.0 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.8

Minnesota........................................ 90 89 98 110 103 3.3 3.1 3.4 3.8 3.6

Mississippi....................................... 49 66 58 59 52 4.4 5.8 5.1 5.2 4.5

Missouri.......................................... 97 121 116 115 110 3.5 4.2 4.1 4.0 3.8

Montana.......................................... 22 28 25 27 25 4.6 5.8 5.2 5.6 5.1

Nebraska......................................... 40 40 37 45 42 4.0 3.9 3.6 4.4 4.1

Nevada........................................... 49 85 78 66 58 3.8 6.3 5.7 4.8 4.2

New Hampshire................................. 26 32 34 32 30 4.1 4.8 5.1 4.8 4.5

New Jersey...................................... 148 177 167 154 139 3.8 4.4 4.1 3.8 3.4

New Mexico..................................... 27 41 37 38 32 3.5 5.0 4.5 4.6 3.9

New York........................................ 268 321 321 323 340 3.1 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7

North Carolina................................... 220 234 222 234 227 5.0 5.2 4.9 5.1 5.0

North Dakota.................................... 17 20 20 20 20 4.2 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8

Ohio............................................... 208 232 224 203 219 3.9 4.3 4.2 3.8 4.1

Oklahoma........................................ 64 78 84 81 80 4.0 4.7 5.1 4.9 4.8

Oregon........................................... 61 88 86 82 77 3.4 4.7 4.6 4.3 4.0

Pennsylvania.................................... 210 222 242 252 236 3.7 3.9 4.2 4.4 4.1

Rhode Island.................................... 19 24 25 23 23 4.2 5.0 5.2 4.8 4.7

South Carolina.................................. 93 111 117 125 114 4.4 5.2 5.4 5.8 5.3

South Dakota.................................... 18 20 18 19 19 4.2 4.6 4.1 4.4 4.4

Tennessee....................................... 119 152 161 160 144 3.9 4.9 5.2 5.1 4.6

Texas............................................. 513 605 594 638 643 4.1 4.7 4.6 4.9 4.9

Utah............................................... 59 71 73 76 68 3.8 4.4 4.5 4.7 4.2

Vermont.......................................... 12 15 14 14 15 4.2 5.1 4.7 4.7 5.1

Virginia........................................... 145 182 153 149 169 3.7 4.6 3.9 3.7 4.2

Washington...................................... 118 138 138 138 124 3.6 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.6

West Virginia.................................... 30 35 36 35 35 4.5 5.1 5.2 5.0 5.0

Wisconsin........................................ 101 120 120 120 122 3.6 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.2

Wyoming......................................... 13 15 14 15 14 4.7 5.5 5.1 5.4 5.1

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Dec.

2020

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Dec.

2020

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 5,582 6,147 5,891 6,205 5,900 3.9 4.2 4.0 4.2 4.0

Alabama.......................................... 76 102 95 103 90 3.8 5.0 4.6 5.0 4.4

Alaska............................................ 19 18 14 17 24 6.2 5.9 4.5 5.5 7.7

Arizona........................................... 120 123 116 130 128 4.2 4.1 3.9 4.3 4.3

Arkansas......................................... 55 63 60 61 62 4.4 5.0 4.7 4.8 4.8

California......................................... 638 561 568 570 613 4.0 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.6

Colorado......................................... 145 142 155 141 141 5.5 5.2 5.6 5.1 5.1

Connecticut...................................... 62 63 56 74 51 3.9 3.9 3.5 4.6 3.1

Delaware......................................... 19 20 20 22 20 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.9 4.4

District of Columbia............................. 22 22 23 24 24 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.2

Florida............................................ 334 383 380 427 403 3.9 4.3 4.3 4.8 4.5

Georgia........................................... 208 264 220 273 234 4.7 5.8 4.8 5.9 5.0

Hawaii............................................ 16 54 24 23 21 3.0 9.4 4.2 4.0 3.6

Idaho............................................. 34 39 39 40 38 4.4 5.0 5.0 5.1 4.8

Illinois............................................. 248 265 205 247 207 4.4 4.6 3.5 4.2 3.5

Indiana........................................... 118 133 132 143 145 3.9 4.3 4.3 4.6 4.7

Iowa............................................... 40 62 56 68 56 2.6 4.0 3.6 4.4 3.6

Kansas........................................... 43 51 56 60 54 3.2 3.7 4.0 4.3 3.9

Kentucky......................................... 78 93 86 105 86 4.2 4.9 4.6 5.5 4.5

Louisiana......................................... 76 97 87 97 84 4.1 5.3 4.7 5.2 4.5

Maine............................................. 23 26 26 32 25 3.8 4.2 4.2 5.2 4.1

Maryland......................................... 70 102 96 103 92 2.7 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.4

Massachusetts.................................. 99 152 125 123 121 2.9 4.3 3.5 3.5 3.4

Michigan......................................... 174 203 191 188 191 4.3 4.8 4.5 4.4 4.5

Minnesota........................................ 89 107 93 110 108 3.3 3.7 3.2 3.8 3.7

Mississippi....................................... 58 59 56 60 55 5.2 5.2 4.9 5.2 4.8

Missouri.......................................... 103 120 114 108 121 3.7 4.2 4.0 3.8 4.2

Montana.......................................... 20 28 26 31 24 4.2 5.8 5.4 6.4 4.9

Nebraska......................................... 33 43 42 42 40 3.3 4.2 4.1 4.1 3.9

Nevada........................................... 67 80 69 66 66 5.2 5.9 5.1 4.8 4.8

New Hampshire................................. 24 35 30 40 26 3.8 5.3 4.5 6.0 3.9

New Jersey...................................... 146 154 147 159 130 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.9 3.2

New Mexico..................................... 39 33 34 37 39 5.0 4.1 4.2 4.5 4.7

New York........................................ 239 268 268 284 271 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.0

North Carolina................................... 195 223 233 238 209 4.4 4.9 5.1 5.2 4.6

North Dakota.................................... 15 21 23 24 20 3.7 5.0 5.5 5.7 4.8

Ohio............................................... 202 244 203 202 221 3.8 4.6 3.8 3.7 4.1

Oklahoma........................................ 62 73 72 87 73 3.8 4.4 4.4 5.3 4.4

Oregon........................................... 81 86 82 86 85 4.5 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.5

Pennsylvania.................................... 228 187 241 209 154 4.1 3.3 4.2 3.6 2.7

Rhode Island.................................... 24 23 21 22 22 5.2 4.8 4.4 4.6 4.5

South Carolina.................................. 82 99 110 106 102 3.9 4.6 5.1 4.9 4.7

South Dakota.................................... 15 18 18 18 17 3.5 4.1 4.1 4.1 3.9

Tennessee....................................... 122 139 133 145 136 4.0 4.5 4.3 4.7 4.3

Texas............................................. 578 554 540 545 531 4.7 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.1

Utah............................................... 58 75 68 74 68 3.7 4.6 4.2 4.5 4.2

Vermont.......................................... 13 15 15 16 15 4.5 5.1 5.1 5.4 5.1

Virginia........................................... 123 147 145 140 171 3.2 3.7 3.7 3.5 4.3

Washington...................................... 122 115 122 119 124 3.7 3.3 3.6 3.4 3.6

West Virginia.................................... 29 36 33 33 32 4.3 5.2 4.8 4.8 4.6

Wisconsin........................................ 86 115 109 117 115 3.0 4.0 3.8 4.0 4.0

Wyoming......................................... 12 13 13 16 14 4.4 4.7 4.7 5.8 5.1

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Dec.

2020

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Dec.

2020

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 3,407 4,362 4,157 4,499 4,338 2.4 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.9

Alabama.......................................... 52 69 65 78 63 2.6 3.4 3.2 3.8 3.1

Alaska............................................ 11 11 10 12 17 3.6 3.6 3.2 3.9 5.5

Arizona........................................... 88 91 87 98 94 3.1 3.1 2.9 3.3 3.1

Arkansas......................................... 36 44 40 45 43 2.9 3.5 3.1 3.5 3.3

California......................................... 314 400 391 428 431 2.0 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.6

Colorado......................................... 79 106 111 91 83 3.0 3.9 4.0 3.3 3.0

Connecticut...................................... 29 43 35 47 39 1.8 2.7 2.2 2.9 2.4

Delaware......................................... 13 14 14 16 15 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.5 3.3

District of Columbia............................. 14 15 15 17 16 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.1

Florida............................................ 220 277 270 318 315 2.6 3.1 3.0 3.5 3.5

Georgia........................................... 139 185 153 199 175 3.1 4.0 3.3 4.3 3.8

Hawaii............................................ 8 38 17 16 14 1.5 6.6 2.9 2.8 2.4

Idaho............................................. 21 30 28 28 26 2.7 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.3

Illinois............................................. 151 189 150 187 157 2.7 3.3 2.6 3.2 2.7

Indiana........................................... 85 101 104 115 108 2.8 3.3 3.4 3.7 3.5

Iowa............................................... 28 39 37 44 39 1.9 2.5 2.4 2.9 2.5

Kansas........................................... 30 35 41 44 38 2.2 2.5 3.0 3.2 2.7

Kentucky......................................... 52 63 56 79 62 2.8 3.3 3.0 4.2 3.3

Louisiana......................................... 55 71 63 69 64 3.0 3.9 3.4 3.7 3.4

Maine............................................. 12 20 18 22 19 2.0 3.3 2.9 3.6 3.1

Maryland......................................... 45 64 66 69 67 1.7 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.5

Massachusetts.................................. 50 90 84 85 93 1.5 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.6

Michigan......................................... 112 129 125 135 143 2.8 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.4

Minnesota........................................ 56 67 66 75 80 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.8

Mississippi....................................... 40 43 40 45 41 3.6 3.8 3.5 3.9 3.6

Missouri.......................................... 75 91 86 82 92 2.7 3.2 3.0 2.9 3.2

Montana.......................................... 12 21 18 21 16 2.5 4.4 3.7 4.3 3.3

Nebraska......................................... 24 30 29 29 28 2.4 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.7

Nevada........................................... 34 57 49 45 44 2.7 4.2 3.6 3.3 3.2

New Hampshire................................. 13 25 19 29 19 2.0 3.8 2.9 4.4 2.8

New Jersey...................................... 71 94 101 100 99 1.8 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.4

New Mexico..................................... 24 23 22 25 25 3.1 2.8 2.7 3.0 3.0

New York........................................ 143 184 173 196 195 1.6 2.0 1.9 2.2 2.1

North Carolina................................... 120 156 160 181 147 2.7 3.4 3.5 4.0 3.2

North Dakota.................................... 10 13 13 17 13 2.5 3.1 3.1 4.0 3.1

Ohio............................................... 124 156 147 140 166 2.3 2.9 2.7 2.6 3.1

Oklahoma........................................ 43 54 51 60 53 2.7 3.3 3.1 3.6 3.2

Oregon........................................... 49 67 58 59 59 2.7 3.6 3.1 3.1 3.1

Pennsylvania.................................... 102 135 156 143 133 1.8 2.4 2.7 2.5 2.3

Rhode Island.................................... 11 16 14 15 15 2.4 3.3 2.9 3.1 3.1

South Carolina.................................. 54 69 80 81 73 2.6 3.2 3.7 3.8 3.4

South Dakota.................................... 10 12 13 12 11 2.3 2.7 3.0 2.8 2.5

Tennessee....................................... 85 99 94 113 102 2.8 3.2 3.0 3.6 3.3

Texas............................................. 396 440 429 407 409 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.1

Utah............................................... 36 57 48 55 49 2.3 3.5 2.9 3.4 3.0

Vermont.......................................... 7 9 11 12 11 2.4 3.1 3.7 4.1 3.7

Virginia........................................... 83 115 105 102 130 2.1 2.9 2.7 2.6 3.3

Washington...................................... 61 81 88 84 84 1.9 2.4 2.6 2.4 2.4

West Virginia.................................... 20 26 21 25 24 3.0 3.8 3.0 3.6 3.4

Wisconsin........................................ 56 88 78 92 90 2.0 3.1 2.7 3.2 3.1

Wyoming......................................... 7 9 10 10 9 2.6 3.3 3.6 3.6 3.3

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Dec.

2020

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Dec.

2020

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 1,823 1,396 1,350 1,309 1,169 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8

Alabama.......................................... 19 26 23 19 20 0.9 1.3 1.1 0.9 1.0

Alaska............................................ 7 5 3 4 5 2.3 1.6 1.0 1.3 1.6

Arizona........................................... 27 21 24 25 25 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8

Arkansas......................................... 15 15 14 12 15 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.9 1.2

California......................................... 290 121 129 104 121 1.8 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7

Colorado......................................... 54 24 35 38 44 2.1 0.9 1.3 1.4 1.6

Connecticut...................................... 29 15 18 21 7 1.8 0.9 1.1 1.3 0.4

Delaware......................................... 5 4 5 4 4 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.9

District of Columbia............................. 6 5 6 5 6 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8

Florida............................................ 95 86 90 97 61 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.7

Georgia........................................... 51 60 53 53 50 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1

Hawaii............................................ 6 12 6 6 5 1.1 2.1 1.0 1.0 0.9

Idaho............................................. 11 7 9 10 8 1.4 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.0

Illinois............................................. 86 58 48 47 41 1.5 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7

Indiana........................................... 27 26 22 21 32 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 1.0

Iowa............................................... 9 19 15 20 14 0.6 1.2 1.0 1.3 0.9

Kansas........................................... 10 12 11 12 12 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9

Kentucky......................................... 21 25 24 20 19 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.0

Louisiana......................................... 17 21 18 21 16 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.1 0.9

Maine............................................. 9 4 6 7 4 1.5 0.7 1.0 1.1 0.6

Maryland......................................... 21 31 22 27 19 0.8 1.2 0.8 1.0 0.7

Massachusetts.................................. 40 50 31 27 20 1.2 1.4 0.9 0.8 0.6

Michigan......................................... 50 63 50 42 37 1.2 1.5 1.2 1.0 0.9

Minnesota........................................ 29 25 21 23 21 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.7

Mississippi....................................... 14 12 13 11 11 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0

Missouri.......................................... 23 24 23 18 22 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.8

Montana.......................................... 7 6 6 8 5 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.7 1.0

Nebraska......................................... 7 10 9 10 10 0.7 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0

Nevada........................................... 30 19 17 17 15 2.3 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.1

New Hampshire................................. 10 8 9 8 4 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.2 0.6

New Jersey...................................... 67 51 38 45 20 1.7 1.3 0.9 1.1 0.5

New Mexico..................................... 14 8 8 9 9 1.8 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1

New York........................................ 69 65 78 66 57 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.6

North Carolina................................... 65 55 50 44 48 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0

North Dakota.................................... 5 6 9 5 6 1.2 1.4 2.2 1.2 1.4

Ohio............................................... 63 78 46 47 45 1.2 1.5 0.9 0.9 0.8

Oklahoma........................................ 15 15 14 20 15 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.2 0.9

Oregon........................................... 29 11 20 20 18 1.6 0.6 1.1 1.1 0.9

Pennsylvania.................................... 115 39 72 55 11 2.1 0.7 1.2 0.9 0.2

Rhode Island.................................... 12 6 6 5 5 2.6 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.0

South Carolina.................................. 19 24 24 20 24 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.1

South Dakota.................................... 4 4 4 4 4 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

Tennessee....................................... 32 30 30 25 26 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8

Texas............................................. 139 88 81 107 103 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.8

Utah............................................... 18 13 16 14 12 1.2 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.7

Vermont.......................................... 5 5 4 3 3 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.0 1.0

Virginia........................................... 34 28 30 29 30 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8

Washington...................................... 56 25 25 24 30 1.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9

West Virginia.................................... 7 7 10 5 6 1.0 1.0 1.4 0.7 0.9

Wisconsin........................................ 24 19 24 17 20 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7

Wyoming......................................... 4 3 3 6 3 1.5 1.1 1.1 2.2 1.1

p Preliminary
Table 6. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Dec.

2020

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Dec.

2020

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 6,032 10,147 9,946 4.0 6.3 6.2

Alabama................................................................. 96 146 130 4.5 6.6 5.9

Alaska................................................................... 16 22 27 5.4 7.0 8.4

Arizona.................................................................. 154 202 201 5.0 6.2 6.2

Arkansas................................................................ 53 77 76 4.0 5.7 5.5

California................................................................ 568 1,096 1,075 3.4 6.0 5.9

Colorado................................................................ 105 191 208 3.8 6.4 6.9

Connecticut............................................................. 59 108 102 3.6 6.1 5.8

Delaware................................................................ 16 25 23 3.4 5.3 4.8

District of Columbia.................................................... 22 38 32 2.9 4.8 4.1

Florida................................................................... 370 614 617 4.1 6.3 6.4

Georgia.................................................................. 268 403 386 5.6 7.9 7.6

Hawaii................................................................... 30 56 56 5.2 8.8 8.7

Idaho.................................................................... 38 54 59 4.7 6.4 6.9

Illinois.................................................................... 246 368 363 4.2 5.8 5.8

Indiana.................................................................. 121 228 229 3.8 6.8 6.8

Iowa..................................................................... 60 106 109 3.8 6.3 6.5

Kansas.................................................................. 62 91 86 4.3 6.1 5.8

Kentucky................................................................ 81 132 134 4.2 6.4 6.5

Louisiana................................................................ 76 116 122 3.9 5.8 6.0

Maine.................................................................... 27 40 48 4.3 6.2 7.2

Maryland................................................................ 121 181 191 4.4 6.2 6.5

Massachusetts......................................................... 131 284 245 3.7 7.3 6.4

Michigan................................................................ 189 325 272 4.5 7.1 6.0

Minnesota............................................................... 99 185 211 3.5 6.0 6.8

Mississippi.............................................................. 55 72 76 4.6 5.8 6.2

Missouri................................................................. 118 213 206 4.0 6.9 6.7

Montana................................................................. 27 35 43 5.4 6.7 8.1

Nebraska................................................................ 45 72 68 4.3 6.5 6.2

Nevada.................................................................. 55 101 93 4.1 6.8 6.3

New Hampshire........................................................ 34 56 62 5.1 7.8 8.5

New Jersey............................................................. 201 272 293 4.9 6.2 6.6

New Mexico............................................................ 35 56 53 4.3 6.4 5.9

New York............................................................... 306 614 548 3.4 6.3 5.6

North Carolina.......................................................... 212 336 347 4.5 6.8 7.0

North Dakota........................................................... 17 28 29 4.0 6.3 6.5

Ohio..................................................................... 211 415 360 3.8 7.1 6.2

Oklahoma............................................................... 72 104 105 4.3 5.8 5.9

Oregon.................................................................. 79 125 133 4.2 6.1 6.5

Pennsylvania........................................................... 236 394 463 4.0 6.3 7.3

Rhode Island........................................................... 19 35 35 4.1 6.6 6.7

South Carolina......................................................... 110 155 159 4.9 6.6 6.8

South Dakota........................................................... 20 29 30 4.5 6.2 6.4

Tennessee.............................................................. 129 220 197 4.0 6.5 5.9

Texas.................................................................... 486 843 790 3.8 6.0 5.7

Utah..................................................................... 72 101 114 4.4 5.8 6.5

Vermont................................................................. 17 22 30 5.4 6.8 8.9

Virginia.................................................................. 186 281 272 4.6 6.5 6.3

Washington............................................................. 118 205 184 3.5 5.6 5.0

West Virginia........................................................... 41 47 47 5.8 6.3 6.3

Wisconsin............................................................... 106 212 182 3.6 6.8 5.9

Wyoming................................................................ 16 17 27 5.7 6.0 8.9

p Preliminary
Table 7. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Dec.

2020

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Dec.

2020

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 4,059 6,132 4,692 2.8 4.1 3.1

Alabama................................................................. 60 93 69 2.9 4.5 3.3

Alaska................................................................... 10 12 10 3.4 4.2 3.3

Arizona.................................................................. 74 129 103 2.5 4.3 3.4

Arkansas................................................................ 35 52 45 2.7 4.0 3.5

California................................................................ 411 692 453 2.6 4.1 2.7

Colorado................................................................ 78 124 102 3.0 4.5 3.6

Connecticut............................................................. 38 61 45 2.4 3.7 2.8

Delaware................................................................ 11 18 13 2.5 4.0 2.9

District of Columbia.................................................... 11 20 14 1.4 2.6 1.8

Florida................................................................... 263 462 273 3.1 5.1 3.0

Georgia.................................................................. 165 221 191 3.7 4.7 4.1

Hawaii................................................................... 20 37 24 3.7 6.4 4.0

Idaho.................................................................... 28 39 28 3.7 5.0 3.6

Illinois.................................................................... 194 268 207 3.4 4.5 3.5

Indiana.................................................................. 90 142 111 3.0 4.5 3.5

Iowa..................................................................... 50 52 48 3.3 3.3 3.1

Kansas.................................................................. 33 52 42 2.4 3.7 3.0

Kentucky................................................................ 70 101 78 3.8 5.3 4.1

Louisiana................................................................ 60 90 65 3.3 4.8 3.4

Maine.................................................................... 17 21 20 2.8 3.5 3.2

Maryland................................................................ 57 92 75 2.2 3.4 2.7

Massachusetts......................................................... 75 106 88 2.2 3.0 2.4

Michigan................................................................ 122 187 152 3.0 4.4 3.6

Minnesota............................................................... 61 102 76 2.2 3.5 2.7

Mississippi.............................................................. 38 55 38 3.4 4.8 3.3

Missouri................................................................. 68 101 78 2.4 3.5 2.7

Montana................................................................. 18 21 21 3.9 4.4 4.3

Nebraska................................................................ 33 43 35 3.3 4.2 3.4

Nevada.................................................................. 37 62 41 2.9 4.5 3.0

New Hampshire........................................................ 21 29 23 3.2 4.3 3.5

New Jersey............................................................. 123 135 104 3.1 3.3 2.5

New Mexico............................................................ 18 32 20 2.2 3.8 2.3

New York............................................................... 166 285 232 1.9 3.1 2.5

North Carolina.......................................................... 156 201 155 3.5 4.4 3.4

North Dakota........................................................... 12 17 16 3.0 4.1 3.7

Ohio..................................................................... 162 205 169 3.1 3.8 3.1

Oklahoma............................................................... 48 72 61 3.0 4.3 3.6

Oregon.................................................................. 46 74 51 2.5 3.9 2.6

Pennsylvania........................................................... 150 233 174 2.7 4.0 3.0

Rhode Island........................................................... 12 20 14 2.7 4.1 2.9

South Carolina......................................................... 67 120 83 3.2 5.5 3.8

South Dakota........................................................... 13 16 15 3.1 3.6 3.4

Tennessee.............................................................. 91 153 106 3.0 4.9 3.3

Texas.................................................................... 395 593 520 3.2 4.5 3.9

Utah..................................................................... 45 73 50 2.9 4.4 3.0

Vermont................................................................. 11 12 14 3.9 3.9 4.6

Virginia.................................................................. 111 136 130 2.9 3.4 3.3

Washington............................................................. 81 115 81 2.5 3.3 2.3

West Virginia........................................................... 21 31 24 3.1 4.4 3.5

Wisconsin............................................................... 70 113 94 2.5 3.9 3.2

Wyoming................................................................ 11 11 12 4.2 3.9 4.2

p Preliminary
Table 8. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Dec.

2020

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Dec.

2020

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 5,416 5,652 5,716 3.8 3.8 3.8

Alabama................................................................. 66 93 81 3.3 4.5 3.9

Alaska................................................................... 16 22 21 5.4 7.5 7.0

Arizona.................................................................. 105 114 120 3.6 3.8 3.9

Arkansas................................................................ 51 54 60 4.1 4.2 4.6

California................................................................ 637 519 612 4.0 3.0 3.6

Colorado................................................................ 135 116 136 5.1 4.2 4.9

Connecticut............................................................. 61 70 50 3.8 4.2 3.1

Delaware................................................................ 17 21 19 3.8 4.5 4.2

District of Columbia.................................................... 20 20 24 2.7 2.6 3.1

Florida................................................................... 309 385 386 3.6 4.3 4.3

Georgia.................................................................. 205 238 225 4.6 5.1 4.8

Hawaii................................................................... 12 17 16 2.3 2.9 2.7

Idaho.................................................................... 33 39 38 4.3 4.9 4.9

Illinois.................................................................... 265 239 214 4.7 4.0 3.6

Indiana.................................................................. 105 127 131 3.5 4.1 4.2

Iowa..................................................................... 40 61 54 2.6 3.9 3.5

Kansas.................................................................. 36 52 47 2.7 3.7 3.3

Kentucky................................................................ 77 98 85 4.1 5.1 4.4

Louisiana................................................................ 70 87 79 3.8 4.6 4.2

Maine.................................................................... 22 39 24 3.7 6.3 3.9

Maryland................................................................ 67 89 86 2.5 3.3 3.2

Massachusetts......................................................... 98 113 121 2.9 3.2 3.4

Michigan................................................................ 171 164 187 4.3 3.8 4.4

Minnesota............................................................... 101 116 122 3.7 4.0 4.2

Mississippi.............................................................. 55 51 52 4.9 4.4 4.5

Missouri................................................................. 96 95 116 3.4 3.3 4.0

Montana................................................................. 19 31 23 4.1 6.4 4.7

Nebraska................................................................ 31 38 38 3.1 3.7 3.7

Nevada.................................................................. 66 57 60 5.1 4.1 4.3

New Hampshire........................................................ 23 42 25 3.6 6.3 3.8

New Jersey............................................................. 158 149 133 4.0 3.6 3.2

New Mexico............................................................ 36 33 37 4.6 3.9 4.5

New York............................................................... 243 260 267 2.8 2.8 2.9

North Carolina.......................................................... 186 220 196 4.2 4.8 4.2

North Dakota........................................................... 15 25 19 3.7 5.9 4.5

Ohio..................................................................... 193 185 212 3.6 3.4 3.9

Oklahoma............................................................... 56 79 67 3.4 4.8 4.0

Oregon.................................................................. 78 79 85 4.3 4.1 4.4

Pennsylvania........................................................... 233 202 155 4.1 3.4 2.6

Rhode Island........................................................... 24 24 23 5.3 4.9 4.7

South Carolina......................................................... 78 101 99 3.7 4.6 4.5

South Dakota........................................................... 14 18 16 3.3 4.1 3.6

Tennessee.............................................................. 116 125 127 3.8 4.0 4.0

Texas.................................................................... 546 474 505 4.4 3.6 3.8

Utah..................................................................... 56 67 67 3.5 4.1 4.1

Vermont................................................................. 13 19 14 4.4 6.4 4.6

Virginia.................................................................. 123 120 170 3.2 3.0 4.2

Washington............................................................. 116 101 120 3.5 2.9 3.5

West Virginia........................................................... 28 32 30 4.2 4.5 4.3

Wisconsin............................................................... 83 113 114 2.9 3.9 3.9

Wyoming................................................................ 10 21 12 3.7 7.5 4.2

p Preliminary
Table 9. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Dec.

2020

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Dec.

2020

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 2,961 3,984 3,893 2.1 2.7 2.6

Alabama................................................................. 41 68 53 2.0 3.3 2.5

Alaska................................................................... 8 15 13 2.8 5.1 4.5

Arizona.................................................................. 79 90 88 2.7 3.0 2.9

Arkansas................................................................ 32 39 39 2.5 3.0 3.0

California................................................................ 284 391 406 1.8 2.3 2.4

Colorado................................................................ 74 76 77 2.8 2.7 2.8

Connecticut............................................................. 23 42 33 1.5 2.5 2.0

Delaware................................................................ 11 15 13 2.4 3.3 3.0

District of Columbia.................................................... 11 15 15 1.5 1.9 1.9

Florida................................................................... 202 285 303 2.4 3.2 3.3

Georgia.................................................................. 128 172 163 2.8 3.7 3.5

Hawaii................................................................... 6 11 10 1.1 2.0 1.8

Idaho.................................................................... 19 26 24 2.5 3.3 3.1

Illinois.................................................................... 140 173 138 2.5 2.9 2.3

Indiana.................................................................. 71 101 93 2.3 3.2 2.9

Iowa..................................................................... 23 37 33 1.5 2.3 2.1

Kansas.................................................................. 23 39 31 1.7 2.7 2.2

Kentucky................................................................ 50 71 60 2.7 3.7 3.1

Louisiana................................................................ 47 62 57 2.5 3.3 3.0

Maine.................................................................... 9 23 16 1.6 3.8 2.6

Maryland................................................................ 38 59 60 1.5 2.2 2.2

Massachusetts......................................................... 39 75 83 1.2 2.1 2.3

Michigan................................................................ 99 117 130 2.5 2.7 3.1

Minnesota............................................................... 51 68 78 1.9 2.3 2.7

Mississippi.............................................................. 36 38 37 3.2 3.2 3.2

Missouri................................................................. 64 70 82 2.3 2.4 2.8

Montana................................................................. 10 20 14 2.1 4.1 2.8

Nebraska................................................................ 20 25 23 1.9 2.4 2.2

Nevada.................................................................. 31 38 38 2.4 2.7 2.8

New Hampshire........................................................ 10 27 16 1.5 4.1 2.4

New Jersey............................................................. 59 90 79 1.5 2.2 1.9

New Mexico............................................................ 20 23 23 2.5 2.8 2.7

New York............................................................... 122 168 174 1.4 1.8 1.9

North Carolina.......................................................... 106 167 129 2.4 3.6 2.8

North Dakota........................................................... 8 17 11 1.9 3.9 2.5

Ohio..................................................................... 98 117 142 1.8 2.2 2.6

Oklahoma............................................................... 36 52 47 2.2 3.1 2.8

Oregon.................................................................. 43 54 54 2.4 2.8 2.8

Pennsylvania........................................................... 82 123 110 1.4 2.1 1.9

Rhode Island........................................................... 9 14 14 2.0 2.9 2.9

South Carolina......................................................... 47 77 67 2.2 3.5 3.1

South Dakota........................................................... 8 12 10 1.9 2.6 2.2

Tennessee.............................................................. 76 96 94 2.5 3.0 3.0

Texas.................................................................... 342 350 361 2.7 2.7 2.7

Utah..................................................................... 32 48 45 2.0 2.9 2.7

Vermont................................................................. 5 12 9 1.7 3.9 3.0

Virginia.................................................................. 71 87 119 1.8 2.2 3.0

Washington............................................................. 48 69 71 1.5 2.0 2.0

West Virginia........................................................... 17 23 22 2.6 3.3 3.1

Wisconsin............................................................... 48 85 80 1.7 2.9 2.8

Wyoming................................................................ 5 13 7 1.8 4.7 2.6

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Table 10. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Dec.

2020

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Dec.

2020

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 2,100 1,334 1,425 1.5 0.9 0.9

Alabama................................................................. 20 19 21 1.0 0.9 1.0

Alaska................................................................... 7 6 5 2.4 2.0 1.8

Arizona.................................................................. 25 19 25 0.9 0.6 0.8

Arkansas................................................................ 16 11 17 1.2 0.9 1.3

California................................................................ 322 99 149 2.0 0.6 0.9

Colorado................................................................ 51 29 46 1.9 1.1 1.7

Connecticut............................................................. 33 23 12 2.1 1.4 0.7

Delaware................................................................ 5 4 5 1.2 0.9 1.0

District of Columbia.................................................... 6 4 7 0.9 0.5 0.9

Florida................................................................... 91 89 56 1.1 1.0 0.6

Georgia.................................................................. 59 46 56 1.3 1.0 1.2

Hawaii................................................................... 5 4 4 1.0 0.7 0.6

Idaho.................................................................... 13 10 10 1.7 1.3 1.3

Illinois.................................................................... 113 55 64 2.0 0.9 1.1

Indiana.................................................................. 28 22 34 0.9 0.7 1.1

Iowa..................................................................... 13 20 17 0.8 1.3 1.1

Kansas.................................................................. 10 10 13 0.8 0.7 0.9

Kentucky................................................................ 23 22 19 1.2 1.1 1.0

Louisiana................................................................ 19 18 18 1.0 1.0 0.9

Maine.................................................................... 11 13 6 1.8 2.1 1.0

Maryland................................................................ 24 25 20 0.9 0.9 0.7

Massachusetts......................................................... 50 30 30 1.5 0.8 0.8

Michigan................................................................ 60 39 45 1.5 0.9 1.0

Minnesota............................................................... 43 36 35 1.6 1.3 1.2

Mississippi.............................................................. 15 10 11 1.3 0.9 1.0

Missouri................................................................. 26 19 25 0.9 0.7 0.9

Montana................................................................. 9 9 6 1.8 1.9 1.3

Nebraska................................................................ 9 10 12 0.9 1.0 1.2

Nevada.................................................................. 32 15 15 2.5 1.1 1.1

New Hampshire........................................................ 12 13 7 1.8 1.9 1.0

New Jersey............................................................. 91 48 43 2.3 1.2 1.1

New Mexico............................................................ 14 8 10 1.8 1.0 1.2

New York............................................................... 91 74 72 1.0 0.8 0.8

North Carolina.......................................................... 70 42 51 1.6 0.9 1.1

North Dakota........................................................... 6 7 7 1.6 1.7 1.7

Ohio..................................................................... 77 54 58 1.4 1.0 1.1

Oklahoma............................................................... 16 21 15 1.0 1.2 0.9

Oregon.................................................................. 33 20 24 1.9 1.1 1.2

Pennsylvania........................................................... 140 74 33 2.5 1.3 0.6

Rhode Island........................................................... 14 8 7 3.1 1.7 1.5

South Carolina......................................................... 22 19 27 1.0 0.9 1.2

South Dakota........................................................... 5 5 5 1.2 1.2 1.1

Tennessee.............................................................. 34 24 26 1.1 0.8 0.8

Texas.................................................................... 157 91 128 1.3 0.7 1.0

Utah..................................................................... 22 15 16 1.4 0.9 1.0

Vermont................................................................. 7 6 4 2.4 2.1 1.2

Virginia.................................................................. 46 26 39 1.2 0.6 1.0

Washington............................................................. 63 24 37 1.9 0.7 1.1

West Virginia........................................................... 9 6 7 1.3 0.8 1.0

Wisconsin............................................................... 29 23 27 1.0 0.8 0.9

Wyoming................................................................ 5 7 3 1.7 2.5 1.2

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