Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212 

Technical information: (202) 691-6569 USDL 08-0620 

 http://www.bls.gov/oes/ 

 For release: 10:00 A.M. (EDT) 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 Friday, May 9, 2008 

(NOTE: This release was reissued on Thursday, February 12, 2009, to correct 

mean annual wage data in table 1 for two occupations: (1) flight attendants and 

(2) airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers. These corrections did not affect any 

other tables in the release or the analysis of occupational employment and wage 

data.) 

OCCUPATIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES, 2007 

Retail salespersons, cashiers, general office clerks, combined food preparation and serving workers, 

and registered nurses were among the occupations with the highest U.S. employment in 2007, according 

to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) of the U.S. Department of Labor. The highest paying occupations included physician specialists, dentist specialists, and chief executives, while dishwashers, fast 

food cooks, and combined food preparation and serving workers were among the lowest paying occupations. Employment and wage information for all occupations is shown in table 1. 

These data are from the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) program, which provides employment and wage estimates for wage and salary workers in 22 major occupational groups and 801 

detailed occupations. OES produces data by occupation for the nation, states, metropolitan areas, metropolitan divisions, and nonmetropolitan areas, and by occupation and industry for the nation. Data are 

available on the OES homepage at http://www.bls.gov/oes/. 

OES data can be used to compare wages and employment for different occupations, or to compare 

wages and employment for a given occupation across industries. For example, the largest occupational 

group was office and administrative support occupations, with employment of over 23 million. Occupations within this group ranged in size from general office clerks and customer service representatives, 

with employment of nearly 3 million and 2.2 million, respectively, to smaller occupations such as communications equipment operators, all other (3,830); correspondence clerks (15,550); and proof-readers 

and copy markers (15,650). The office and administrative support group’s high employment reflects, in 

part, its wide distribution across industries. (See table 2.) The largest employers of office and administrative support occupations included the finance and insurance, health care and social assistance, and 

retail trade sectors, but no single sector employed more than 13 percent of this group. 

Mean hourly wages for the office and administrative support group ranged from $18.83 in the 

utilities sector to $11.60 in accommodation and food services. (See table 3.) Among the highest paying 

News United States 

Department 

of Labor 
2 

occupations in the office and administrative support group were first-line supervisors and managers of 

office and administrative support workers, with a mean hourly wage of $22.89; postal service clerks 

($21.29); postal service mail carriers ($21.17); and production, planning, and expediting clerks ($19.74). 

Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks ($9.66); stock clerks and order fillers ($10.93); and tellers ($11.36) 

were among the lowest paid occupations in the group. 

OES data also can be used to make comparisons across geographical areas. For instance, loan 

interviewers and clerks earned a mean hourly wage of $22.65 in Santa Cruz-Watsonville, Calif., as 

compared to $9.79 in Alexandria, La. Employment of loan interviewers and clerks was similar in both 

areas: 130 in Santa Cruz-Watsonville and 110 in Alexandria. (See table 7.) 

Major Occupational Group Employment and Wages by Industry Sector

After office and administrative support occupations, sales and related occupations was the largest 

occupational group, with employment of over 14 million. Food preparation and serving related occupations, production occupations, and transportation and material moving occupations also were among 

the largest occupational groups. While some occupational groups were highly concentrated in specific 

industry sectors, others were widely distributed across sectors. For example, nearly 89 percent of employment in education, training, and library occupations was found in the educational services sector, 

and over 87 percent of employment in healthcare support occupations was found in the health care and 

social assistance sector. In contrast, management occupations; business and financial operations occupations; and installation, maintenance, and repair occupations were more evenly distributed across 

sectors. (See table 2.) 

Management was the highest paying occupational group, with a mean hourly wage of $46.22, followed by legal occupations at $42.53. Food preparation and serving related occupations; farming, 

fishing, and forestry occupations; and building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations were 

among the lowest paying occupational groups. (See table 3.) 

Utilities; management of companies and enterprises; finance and insurance; information; and professional, scientific, and technical services were among the highest paying sectors for several occupational groups. Accommodation and food services; retail trade; and agriculture, forestry, fishing, and 

hunting were among the lowest paying sectors. For example, mean hourly wages for business and financial operations occupations ranged from $34.27 in professional, scientific, and technical services to 

$21.84 in accommodation and food services, while wages for sales and related occupations ranged from 

$32.40 in finance and insurance to $9.54 in accommodation and food services. 

Detailed Occupational Employment and Wages by Detailed Industry

In addition to the occupational group and industry sector data previously discussed, OES data also 

are available for detailed occupations and industries. For example, table 4 shows employment and 

wages by industry for loan officers. Nearly 71 percent of loan officers were employed in two industries: 

depository credit intermediation (includes commercial banks, savings institutions, and credit unions) and 

nondepository credit intermediation (includes credit card issuing, consumer lending, and real estate 

credit). The other large employers of this occupation are: activities related to credit intermediation 

(includes mortgage and nonmortgage loan brokers), management of companies and enterprises, and 

insurance carriers. The mean hourly wage for loan officers in depository credit intermediation was 

$28.43, below the U.S. average of $30.10 for this occupation. Wages for loan officers in nondepository 

credit intermediation and in management of companies and enterprises were slightly above the U.S. 
3 

average, at $31.09 and $31.28, respectively, while wages in the other two industries were similar to the 

U.S. average. 

Although depository credit intermediation was the largest employer of loan officers, loan officers 

was only the second largest occupation in this industry, representing about 7 percent of industry employment. (See table 5.) Tellers was by far the largest occupation in the industry, with 545,470 jobs 

making up over 30 percent of industry employment. Many of the largest occupations in depository 

credit inter-mediation were office and administrative support occupations. In addition to tellers, these 

occupations included first-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers; 

customer service representatives; new accounts clerks; loan interviewers and clerks; bookkeeping, 

accounting, and auditing clerks; and general office clerks. Financial managers and securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents also were among the largest occupations in this industry. 

Occupational Wages by State and Area

OES data also allow comparison of occupational employment and wages across states and metropolitan areas. Tables 6 and 7 show the highest- and lowest-paying states and metropolitan areas for 

selected detailed occupations. For example, state mean hourly wages for financial managers ranged 

from $66.20 in New York to $32.02 in West Virginia, while wages for construction laborers ranged 

from $21.48 in Alaska to $10.38 in Texas. 

California, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, and New York were among the highest paying 

states for 2 of the 4 selected occupations. Although significantly smaller in terms of employment than 

the states listed above, Alaska also was among the highest paying states for three of the selected occupations, and Hawaii was among the highest paying states for two. West Virginia was among the lowest 

paying states for 3 of the 4 selected occupations, while Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, South 

Dakota, and Wyoming were among the lowest paying states for 2 of the 4 occupations. Although in 

general the lowest paying states did not have large employment of the selected occupations, one notable 

exception is Texas, where nearly 120,000 construction laborers were employed, but which also was one 

of the lowest paying states for this occupation. 

At the metropolitan area level, mean hourly wages for the selected occupations were about twice as 

much in the highest paying areas as in the lowest paying areas. (See table 7.) For example, wages for 

financial managers ranged from $68.22 in New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, N.Y.-N.J.-Pa., 

to $27.18 in Pocatello, Idaho, while wages for construction laborers ranged from $23.91 in LeominsterFitchburg-Gardner, Mass., to $8.23 in Brownsville-Harlingen, Texas. Metropolitan areas in California 

appeared several times among the highest paying areas for the selected occupations; Anchorage, Alaska, 

and New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, N.Y.-N.J.-Pa., also were among the highest paying 

areas for 2 of the 4 occupations. Several of the lowest paying areas for construction laborers were 

located in Texas, while metropolitan areas in Idaho were among the lowest paying areas for both financial managers and loan officers. Outside of these two states, many of the remaining lower paying 

areas for the selected occupations were located in the South. 
4 

Additional Information

The Occupational Employment Statistics program produces cross-industry occupational employment and wage estimates nationwide and for all states, 375 metropolitan areas, 34 metropolitan divisions, and 175 nonmetropolitan areas. OES also publishes national industry-specific occupational 

employment and wage estimates for sectors and 3-, 4-, and selected 5-digit North American Industry 

Classification System (NAICS) industries. In addition to mean hourly and annual wages, wage data 

include 10th, 25th, 50th (median), 75th, and 90th percentile wages, which can be used to show the 

distribution of wages within an occupation or industry. OES data are produced by a cooperative effort 

between BLS and State Workforce Agencies, and are based on a sample of 1.2 million business establishments, collected in 6 semiannual panels over a 3-year period. Complete May 2007 Occupational 

Employment Statistics data are available on the OES Web site at http://www.bls.gov/oes/. 

Upcoming Reduction in Sample Size of 

Occupational Employment Statistics Survey

Due to budget constraints, Occupational Employment Statistics has reduced the sample 

size of the May 2008 panel by 20 percent. Because OES estimates are produced from 3 

years of pooled data, this one-time sample reduction will affect estimates for May 2008, 

May 2009, and May 2010. This reduction is expected to decrease the number of published 

employment estimates by at least 5 percent, or about 25,000 estimates, and will decrease the 

accuracy of the remaining estimates. The number and quality of wage estimates also are 

expected to decline. These cutbacks are being implemented in response to a reduction in 

funding to the BLS that resulted from The 2008 Consolidated Appropriations Act enacted 

on December 26, 2007. 
Technical Note

Scope of the survey

The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey is a

semiannual mail survey measuring occupational employment

and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm

establishments in the United States. Guam, Puerto Rico, and

the Virgin Islands also are surveyed, but their data are not

included in this release. OES estimates are constructed from

a sample of about 1.2 million establishments. Forms are mailed

to approximately 200,000 establishments in May and November

of each year for a 3-year period. The nationwide response rate

for the May 2007 survey was 77.9 percent based on

establishments and 73.5 percent based on employment. The

survey included establishments sampled in the May 2007,

November 2006, May 2006, November 2005, May 2005, and

November 2004 semiannual panels.

The occupational coding system

The OES survey uses the Office of Management and

Budget’s (OMB) occupational classification system, the

Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. The SOC

system is the first OMB-required occupational classification

system for federal agencies. The OES survey categorizes

workers in 1 of 801 detailed occupations. Together, these

detailed occupations make up 23 major occupational groups,

one of which—military specific occupations—is not included

in the OES survey. The major groups are as follows:

Management occupations

Business and financial operations occupations

Computer and mathematical science occupations

Architecture and engineering occupations

Life, physical, and social science occupations

Community and social services occupations

Legal occupations

Education, training, and library occupations

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations

Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations

Healthcare support occupations

Protective service occupations

Food preparation and serving related occupations

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance

 occupations

Personal care and service occupations

Sales and related occupations

Office and administrative support occupations

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

Construction and extraction occupations

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

Production occupations

Transportation and material moving occupations

Military specific occupations (not surveyed in OES)

For more information about the SOC system, please see the

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Web site at http://

www.bls.gov/soc/.

The industry coding system

The OES survey uses the North American Industry

Classification System (NAICS). For more information about

NAICS, see the BLS Web site at http://www.bls.gov/bls/

naics.htm.

The OES survey includes establishments in NAICS sectors

11 (logging and agricultural support activities only), 21, 22, 23,

31-33, 42, 44-45, 48-49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 61, 62, 71, 72, 81

(except private households), state government, and local

government. The U.S. Postal Service and the executive branch

of the federal government also are included. An establishment

is defined as an economic unit that processes goods or

provides services, such as a factory, mine, or store. The

establishment is generally at a single physical location and is

engaged primarily in one type of economic activity.

The OES survey covers all full- and part-time wage and

salary workers in nonfarm industries. The survey does not

include the self-employed, owners and partners in

unincorporated firms, household workers, or unpaid family

workers.

Survey sample

BLS funds the survey and provides the procedures and

technical support, while the State Workforce Agencies

(SWAs) collect most of the data. BLS produces cross-industry

and industry-specific estimates for the nation, states,

metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), metropolitan divisions,

and nonmetropolitan areas. Industry-specific estimates are

produced at the NAICS sector, 3-digit, 4-digit, and selected 5-

digit industry levels. BLS releases all cross-industry and

national estimates; the SWAs release industry-specific

estimates at the state and MSA levels.

State Unemployment Insurance (UI) files provide the

universe from which the OES survey draws its sample.

Employment benchmarks are obtained from reports submitted

by employers to the UI program. Supplemental sources are

used for rail transportation (NAICS 4821) and Guam because

they do not report to the UI program. The OES survey sample

is stratified by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas and

industry. Samples selected in panels prior to May 2005 were

stratified using MSA definitions based on the 1990

Metropolitan Statistical Area standards. Beginning with the

May 2005 panel, the sample was stratified using new MSA

definitions based on the 2000 Metropolitan Statistical Area

standards.

An annual census is taken of the executive branch of the

federal government, the U.S. Postal Service, state government,
Interval Hourly

Wages

Annual

Range A Under $7.50 Under $15,600

Range B $7.50 to $9.49 $15,600 to $19,759

Range C $9.50 to $11.99 $19,760 to $24,959

Range D $12.00 to $15.24 $24,960 to $31,719

Range E $15.25 to $19.24 $31,720 to $40,039

Range F $19.25 to $24.49 $40,040 to $50,959

Range G $24.50 to $30.99 $50,960 to $64,479

Range H $31.00 to $39.24 $64,480 to $81,639

Range I $39.25to $49.74 $81,640 to $103,479

Range J $49.75 to $63.24 $103,480 to $131,559

Range K $63.25 to $79.99 $131,560 to $166,399

Range L $80.00 and over $166,400 and over

May 2007, November 2006, May 2006, and

 November 2005 panels

Interval Hourly

Wages

Annual

Range A Under $6.75 Under $14,040

Range B $6.75 to $8.49 $14,040 to $17,679

Range C $8.50 to $10.74 $17,680 to $22,359

Range D $10.75 to $13.49 $22,360 to $28,079

Range E $13.50 to $16.99 $28,080 to $35,359

Range F $17.00 to $21.49 $35,360 to $44,719

Range G $21.50 to $27.24 $44,720 to $56,679

Range H $27.25 to $34.49 $56,680 to $71,759

Range I $34.50 to $43.74 $71,760 to $90,999

Range J $43.75 to $55.49 $91,000 to $115,439

Range K $55.50 to $69.99 $115,440 to $145,599

Range L $70.00 and over $145,600 and over

and Hawaii’s local government. In order to provide the most May 2005 and November 2004 panels

occupational coverage, larger employers are more likely to be

selected than smaller employers. The unweighted employment

of sampled establishments make up approximately 65 percent

of total national employment.

Concepts

Occupational employment is the estimate of total wage and

salary employment in an occupation across the industries

surveyed. The OES survey defines employment as the number

of workers who can be classified as full- or part-time employees,

including workers on paid vacations or other types of paid

leave; workers on unpaid short-term absences; salaried

officers, executives, and staff members of incorporated firms;

employees temporarily assigned to other units; and employees

for whom the reporting unit is their permanent duty station

regardless of whether that unit prepares their paycheck.

The OES survey form sent to establishments with more than

10 workers contains between 50 and 225 SOC occupations

selected on the basis of the sampled establishment’s industry

classification. To reduce paperwork and respondent burden,

no survey form contains every SOC occupation. Thus, data for

specific occupations are collected primarily from

establishments in industries that are the predominant

employers of workers in those occupations. Each survey form

is structured, however, to allow a respondent to provide

detailed occupational information for each worker at the

establishment; that is, unlisted occupations can be added to

the survey form. Employers with 10 or fewer workers are sent

a form with no occupations listed, and are instructed to fill in

the occupations for their workers.

Wages for the OES survey are straight-time, gross pay,

exclusive of premium pay. Base rate, cost-of-living allowances,

guaranteed pay, hazardous-duty pay, incentive pay including

commissions and production bonuses, tips, and on-call pay are

included. Excluded are back pay, jury duty pay, overtime pay,

severance pay, shift differentials, nonproduction bonuses,

employer cost for supplementary benefits, and tuition

reimbursements.

The OES survey collects wage data in 12 intervals.

Employers report the number of employees in an occupation

for each wage range. The wage intervals used for the May 2007

survey are as follows:

Mean hourly wage. The mean hourly wage rate for an

occupation is the total wages that all workers in the occupation

earn in an hour divided by the total employment of the

occupation. To calculate the mean hourly wage of each

occupation, total weighted hourly wages are summed across all

intervals and divided by the occupation’s weighted survey

employment. The mean wage for each interval is based on

occupational wage data collected by the BLS Office of

Compensation and Working Conditions for the National

Compensation Survey (NCS).

Beginning with the November 2005 panel the lower

boundary of the highest wage interval was increased from

$70.00 to $80.00. The mean hourly wage value for the highest

wage interval was computed separately for NCS data from 2005

for $80.00 and over, and from 2004 and 2003 for $70.00 and over.

The mean wage rate from 2006 was used for the $80.00 and over

interval for the May 2007, November 2006, May 2006, and

November 2005 panels. The average of the 2004 and 2003 mean

wage rates was used for the $70.00 and over interval for the

May 2005 and November 2004 panels.

Percentile wage. The p-th percentile wage rate for an

occupation is the wage where p percent of all workers earn that

amount or less and where (100-p) percent of all workers earn

that amount or more. This statistic is calculated by uniformly

distributing the workers inside each wage interval, ranking the

workers from lowest paid to highest paid, and calculating the

product of the total employment for the occupation and the
desired percentile to determine the worker that earns the p-th

percentile wage rate.

Annual wage. Many employees are paid at an hourly rate

by their employers and may work more than or less than 40

hours per week. Annual wage estimates for most occupations

in this release are calculated by multiplying the mean hourly

wage by a “year-round, full-time” figure of 2,080 hours (52

weeks by 40 hours). Thus, annual wage estimates may not

represent the actual annual pay received by the employee if

they work more or less than 2,080 hours per year. Workers in

some occupations typically work less than full time, year round.

For these occupations, the OES survey collects and reports

either the annual salary or the hourly wage rate, depending on

how the occupation is typically paid, but not both. For example,

teachers, flight attendants, and pilots may be paid an annual

salary, but do not work the usual 2,080 hours per year. In this

case, an annual salary is reported. Other workers, such as

entertainment workers, are paid hourly rates, but generally do

not work full time, year round. For these workers, only an

hourly wage is reported.

Hourly versus annual wage reporting. For each

occupation, respondents are asked to report the number of

employees paid within specific wage intervals. The intervals

are defined both as hourly rates and the corresponding annual

rates, where the annual rate for an occupation is calculated by

multiplying the hourly wage rate by a typical work year of 2,080

hours. The responding establishment can reference either the

hourly or the annual rate for full-time workers, but they are

instructed to report the hourly rate for part-time workers.

Estimation methodology

Each OES panel includes approximately 200,000

establishments. The OES survey is designed to produce

estimates using six panels (3 years) of data. The full six-panel

sample of 1.2 million establishments allows the production of

estimates at detailed levels of geography, industry, and

occupation.

Wage updating. Significant reductions in sampling errors

are obtained by combining six panels of data, particularly for

small geographic areas and occupations. Wages for the current

panel need no adjustment. However, wages in the five previous

panels need to be updated to the current panel’s reference

period.

The OES program uses the BLS Employment Cost Index

(ECI) to adjust survey data from prior panels before combining

them with the current panel’s data. The wage updating

procedure adjusts each detailed occupation’s wage rate, as

measured in the earlier panel, according to the average

movement of its broader occupational division. The procedure

assumes that there are no major differences by geography,

industry, or detailed occupation within the occupational

division. The wage rates for the highest wage interval are not

updated.

Imputation. About 20 percent of establishments do not

respond for a given panel. A “nearest neighbor” hot deck

imputation procedure is used to impute missing occupational

employment totals. A variant of mean imputation is used to

impute missing wage distributions. The variant of mean

imputation for wage distributions also is applied to

establishments that provide reports with occupational totals

but partial or missing wage data.

Weighting and benchmarking. The sample establishments

in each panel are weighted to represent all establishments that

were part of the in-scope frame from which the panel was

selected. Based on the sampled establishments, sampling

weights are adjusted when six panels are combined. Sampling

weights are further adjusted by the ratio of employment totals

(the average of November 2006 and May 2007 employment)

from the BLS Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages to

employment totals from the OES survey.

May 2007 OES survey estimates. The May 2007 OES survey

estimates are based on all data collected from establishments

in the May 2007, November 2006, May 2006, November 2005,

May 2005, and November 2004 semiannual samples.

Reliability of the estimates. Estimates calculated from a

sample survey are subject to two types of error: sampling and

nonsampling. Sampling error occurs when estimates are

calculated from a subset (that is, a sample) of the population

instead of the full population. When a sample of the population

is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimate of the

characteristic of interest may differ from the population value

of that characteristic. Differences between the sample estimate

and the population value will vary depending on the sample

selected. This variability can be estimated by calculating the

standard error (SE) of the sample estimate. If we were to repeat

the sampling and estimation process countless times using the

same survey design, approximately 90 percent of the intervals

created by adding and subtracting 1.645 SEs from the sample

estimate would include the population value. These intervals

are called 90-percent confidence intervals. The OES survey,

however, usually uses the relative standard error (RSE) of a

sample estimate instead of its SE to measure sampling error.

RSE is defined as the SE of a sample estimate divided by the

sample estimate itself. This statistic provides the user with a

measure of the relative precision of the sample estimate. RSEs

are calculated for both occupational employment and mean

wage rate estimates. Occupational employment RSEs are

calculated using a subsample, random group replication

technique called the jackknife. Mean wage rate RSEs are

calculated using a variance components model that accounts

for both the observed and unobserved components of the wage

data. The variances of the unobserved components are
estimated using wage data from the BLS National

Compensation Survey. In general, estimates based on many

establishments have lower RSEs than estimates based on few

establishments. If the distributional assumptions of the models

are violated, the resulting confidence intervals may not reflect

the prescribed level of confidence.

Nonsampling error occurs for a variety of reasons, none of

which are directly connected to sampling. Examples of

nonsampling error include: nonresponse, data incorrectly

reported by the respondent, errors in the administrative data

used to create the sampling frame, mistakes made in entering

collected data into the database, and mistakes made in editing

and processing the collected data. Every attempt is made to

minimize nonsampling error through survey methods such as

data editing, imputation methods, and benchmarking of data to

current employment totals.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2007

Hourly Annual 1

Management occupations 6,003,930 $46.22 $96,150 $40.60

Chief executives................................................................................................................. 299,160 72.77 151,370 (3)

General and operations managers.................................................................................... 1,655,410 49.89 103,780 42.64 

Legislators.......................................................................................................................... 61,110 (2) 33,880 (2)

Advertising and promotions managers.............................................................................. 36,300 43.80 91,100 37.62 

Marketing managers.......................................................................................................... 165,240 54.52 113,400 50.19 

Sales managers................................................................................................................. 322,170 51.34 106,790 45.63 

Public relations managers.................................................................................................. 47,210 46.71 97,170 41.57 

Administrative services managers..................................................................................... 239,360 36.72 76,370 34.13 

Computer and information systems managers.................................................................. 264,990 54.75 113,880 51.96 

Financial managers............................................................................................................ 484,390 51.06 106,200 45.82 

Compensation and benefits managers.............................................................................. 41,780 42.50 88,400 39.14 

Training and development managers................................................................................ 28,170 43.41 90,300 40.55 

Human resources managers, all other............................................................................... 58,100 47.98 99,810 44.57 

Industrial production managers.......................................................................................... 152,870 42.09 87,550 38.73 

Purchasing managers........................................................................................................ 65,600 43.47 90,430 41.08 

Transportation, storage, and distribution managers.......................................................... 92,790 39.41 81,980 36.69 

Farm, ranch, and other agricultural managers................................................................... 3,480 29.34 61,030 25.83 

Farmers and ranchers........................................................................................................ 340 20.43 42,480 16.04 

Construction managers...................................................................................................... 216,120 41.26 85,830 36.65 

Education administrators, preschool and child care center/program................................. 47,980 21.36 44,430 18.55 

Education administrators, elementary and secondary school............................................ 218,820 (2) 82,120 (2)

Education administrators, postsecondary.......................................................................... 101,160 41.29 85,870 36.43 

Education administrators, all other..................................................................................... 28,640 35.69 74,230 33.32 

Engineering managers....................................................................................................... 184,410 55.58 115,610 53.37 

Food service managers..................................................................................................... 191,460 23.39 48,660 21.43 

Funeral directors................................................................................................................ 24,020 27.72 57,660 24.21 

Gaming managers............................................................................................................. 3,740 33.46 69,600 30.97 

Lodging managers............................................................................................................. 31,890 24.59 51,140 21.27 

Medical and health services managers.............................................................................. 242,640 40.86 84,980 37.01 

Natural sciences managers............................................................................................... 39,370 54.41 113,170 50.02 

Postmasters and mail superintendents.............................................................................. 26,500 27.81 57,850 27.84 

Property, real estate, and community association managers............................................ 159,660 25.74 53,530 21.00 

Social and community service managers.......................................................................... 112,330 28.40 59,070 26.22 

Managers, all other............................................................................................................ 356,6 44.23 90 91,990 41.67 

Business and financial operations occupations 6,015,500 30.01 62,410 26.87 

Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes................................. 11,680 39.77 82,730 31.94 

Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products.................................................................. 12,930 25.95 53,980 23.27 

Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products........................................................... 132,550 25.76 53,580 22.58 

Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products....................................... 281,950 26.95 56,060 25.22 

Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators................................................................. 279,400 26.67 55,470 25.75 

Insurance appraisers, auto damage.................................................................................. 12,150 25.01 52,020 24.76 

Compliance officers, except agriculture, construction, health and safety, and 

 transportation................................................................................................................. 231,910 25.35 52,740 23.27 

Cost estimators.................................................................................................................. 219,070 28.19 58,640 26.41 

Emergency management specialists................................................................................. 11,610 24.75 51,470 23.26 

Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists........................................................ 193,620 25.34 52,710 21.34 

Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists........................................................ 109,870 26.80 55,740 25.08 

Training and development specialists................................................................................ 202,820 25.50 53,040 23.86 

Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists, all other................................. 211,770 27.28 56,740 26.10 

Logisticians........................................................................................................................ 90,340 31.85 66,240 30.89 

Management analysts........................................................................................................ 499,640 38.68 80,460 34.21 

Meeting and convention planners...................................................................................... 45,490 22.68 47,180 20.93 

Business operations specialists, all other.......................................................................... 1,017,640 29.88 62,140 27.45 

Accountants and auditors.................................................................................................. 1,115 30.37 ,010 63,180 27.43 

Appraisers and assessors of real estate............................................................................ 66,210 25.14 52,290 22.18 

Budget analysts................................................................................................................. 62,400 31.88 66,310 30.50 

Credit analysts................................................................................................................... 70,890 30.20 62,820 26.24 

Financial analysts.............................................................................................................. 228,300 39.28 81,700 33.85 

Personal financial advisors................................................................................................ 132, 42.89 460 89,220 32.53 

Insurance underwriters...................................................................................................... 98, 28.91 920 60,120 26.22 

Financial examiners........................................................................................................... 2 35.36 5,510 73,550 32.05 

Loan counselors................................................................................................................. 30,150 20.19 41,990 17.57 

Loan officers...................................................................................................................... 356,990 30.10 62,610 25.48 

Tax examiners, collectors, and revenue agents................................................................ 65,750 24.76 51,510 22.56 

Tax preparers..................................................................................................................... 61,890 16.78 34,890 13.71 Financial specialists, all other............................................................................................ 136,570 29.69 61,760 26.63

 See footnotes at end of table.

Occupation Employment

Mean wages Median 

hourly wages
Hourly Annual 1

Computer and mathematical science occupations 3,191,360 $34.71 $72,190 $33.21

Computer and information scientists, research.................................................................. 28,720 48.39 100,640 47.10 

Computer programmers..................................................................................................... 394,710 34.62 72,010 32.73 

Computer software engineers, applications....................................................................... 495,810 41.18 85,660 39.97 

Computer software engineers, systems software.............................................................. 349,140 43.65 90,780 42.82 

Computer support specialists............................................................................................. 525,57 21.78 0 45,300 20.39 

Computer systems analysts............................................................................................... 464,440 36.48 75,890 35.14 

Database administrators.................................................................................................... 116, 33.78 340 70,260 32.33 

Network and computer systems administrators................................................................. 309,660 32.62 67,850 31.10 

Network systems and data communications analysts........................................................ 216,050 34.02 70,760 32.80 

Computer specialists, all other........................................................................................... 182,6 34.77 90 72,310 34.38 

Actuaries............................................................................................................................ 18,030 45.87 95,420 41.20 

Mathematicians.................................................................................................................. 3,160 43.72 90,930 43.69 

Operations research analysts............................................................................................ 58,750 34.44 71,640 32.19 

Statisticians........................................................................................................................ 20,270 34.69 72,150 33.61 

Mathematical technicians................................................................................................... 1,08 23.31 0 48,490 18.54 

Mathematical scientists, all other....................................................................................... 6,930 29.38 61,100 25.90 

Architecture and engineering occupations 2,486,020 33.11 68,880 31.14 

Architects, except landscape and naval............................................................................. 106,830 35.41 73,650 32.51 

Landscape architects......................................................................................................... 21 29.93 ,890 62,250 27.68 

Cartographers and photogrammetrists.............................................................................. 11,460 26.19 54,480 24.02 

Surveyors........................................................................................................................... 5 26.18 6,670 54,450 24.82 

Aerospace engineers......................................................................................................... 85,510 44.57 92,700 43.71 

Agricultural engineers........................................................................................................ 2,480 33.88 70,460 32.55 

Biomedical engineers......................................................................................................... 15,400 38.28 79,610 36.27 

Chemical engineers........................................................................................................... 28,780 40.50 84,240 39.18 

Civil engineers................................................................................................................... 247,37 36.17 0 75,230 34.48 

Computer hardware engineers.......................................................................................... 79,330 45.32 94,270 44.16 

Electrical engineers............................................................................................................ 148,800 39.47 82,090 38.10 

Electronics engineers, except computer............................................................................ 133,870 41.13 85,550 40.07 

Environmental engineers................................................................................................... 51,210 35.97 74,820 34.78 

Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors.................. 24,770 34.12 70,970 33.45 

Industrial engineers............................................................................................................ 204,210 35.33 73,490 34.34 

Marine engineers and naval architects.............................................................................. 6,620 37.60 78,200 36.64 

Materials engineers............................................................................................................ 21,910 37.90 78,840 37.10 

Mechanical engineers........................................................................................................ 222,330 36.12 75,130 34.76 

Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers................................ 7,150 38.23 79,520 35.74 

Nuclear engineers.............................................................................................................. 14,300 46.70 97,130 45.40 

Petroleum engineers.......................................................................................................... 16,060 54.75 113,890 49.98 

Engineers, all other............................................................................................................ 16 41.07 9,950 85,430 40.99 

Architectural and civil drafters............................................................................................ 111 21.77 ,460 45,280 20.82 

Electrical and electronics drafters...................................................................................... 32,350 24.86 51,710 23.68 

Mechanical drafters............................................................................................................ 22.45 74,260 46,690 21.51 

Drafters, all other............................................................................................................... 23,280 22.76 47,340 21.49 

Aerospace engineering and operations technicians.......................................................... 7,870 27.30 56,780 26.41 

Civil engineering technicians............................................................................................. 88,030 21.10 43,890 20.47 

Electrical and electronic engineering technicians.............................................................. 162,460 25.23 52,470 25.07 

Electro-mechanical technicians......................................................................................... 15,730 23.14 48,120 22.41 

Environmental engineering technicians............................................................................. 21,970 20.95 43,570 19.56 

Industrial engineering technicians...................................................................................... 74,930 24.72 51,410 22.83 

Mechanical engineering technicians.................................................................................. 46,230 23.70 49,290 22.73 

Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other............................................................ 78,140 26.80 55,730 26.95 

Surveying and mapping technicians.................................................................................. 72,410 17.26 35,900 16.17 

Life, physical, and social science occupations 1,255,670 29.82 62,020 26.59 

Animal scientists................................................................................................................ 4,210 26.10 54,290 23.25 

Food scientists and technologists...................................................................................... 9,910 30.09 62,580 27.82 

Soil and plant scientists..................................................................................................... 10 30.28 ,270 62,970 27.89 

Biochemists and biophysicists........................................................................................... 19,490 41.01 85,290 38.11 

Microbiologists................................................................................................................... 14,610 31.94 66,430 29.17 

Zoologists and wildlife biologists........................................................................................ 17,830 28.11 58,480 26.49 

Biological scientists, all other............................................................................................. 27,070 31.85 66,240 30.45 

Conservation scientists...................................................................................................... 16 27.51 ,570 57,220 27.00 Foresters............................................................................................................................ 10,510 25.98 54,030 25.21 

Epidemiologists.................................................................................................................. 3,960 30.58 63,600 28.85 

Medical scientists, except epidemiologists......................................................................... 87,440 35.65 74,160 30.87 

Life scientists, all other....................................................................................................... 12,470 32.18 66,930 28.37 

 See footnotes at end of table.

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, 

May 2007—Continued

Occupation Employment

Mean wages Median 

hourly wages
Hourly Annual 1

Life, physical, and social science occupations—Continued

Astronomers....................................................................................................................... 1,520 $47.21 $98,200 $47.61

Physicists........................................................................................................................... 13,980 48.03 99,900 46.56 

Atmospheric and space scientists...................................................................................... 8,750 37.96 78,960 37.69 

Chemists............................................................................................................................ 79,860 32.94 68,520 30.52 

Materials scientists............................................................................................................. 9,740 37.47 77,930 36.62 

Environmental scientists and specialists, including health................................................. 80,070 30.71 63,870 28.07 

Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers......................................................... 31,390 40.43 84,100 36.44 

Hydrologists....................................................................................................................... 7,67 33.77 0 70,250 32.76 

Physical scientists, all other............................................................................................... 23,30 42.41 0 88,210 42.15 

Economists........................................................................................................................ 12,740 41.68 86,700 38.57 

Market research analysts................................................................................................... 220,740 32.20 66,980 28.99 

Survey researchers............................................................................................................ 22,140 20.62 42,880 17.70 

Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists.................................................................. 95,120 32.76 68,150 29.91 

Industrial-organizational psychologists.............................................................................. 1,240 41.64 86,610 38.85 

Psychologists, all other...................................................................................................... 9,470 40.20 83,610 38.26 

Sociologists........................................................................................................................ 3,6 32.37 80 67,330 29.39 

Urban and regional planners.............................................................................................. 35,040 29.08 60,480 27.87 

Anthropologists and archeologists..................................................................................... 5,250 26.68 55,490 25.52 

Geographers...................................................................................................................... 1, 31.94 010 66,440 31.58 

Historians........................................................................................................................... 3,600 26.26 54,630 24.42 

Political scientists............................................................................................................... 3,940 43.29 90,050 44.03 

Social scientists and related workers, all other.................................................................. 30,410 33.52 69,720 32.31 

Agricultural and food science technicians.......................................................................... 19,280 17.08 35,520 16.17 

Biological technicians......................................................................................................... 69,110 19.35 40,240 18.18 

Chemical technicians......................................................................................................... 64 20.39 ,450 42,420 19.58 

Geological and petroleum technicians............................................................................... 13,060 26.60 55,330 24.50 

Nuclear technicians............................................................................................................ 31.66 5,920 65,850 31.80 

Social science research assistants.................................................................................... 16,070 18.33 38,120 17.24 

Environmental science and protection technicians, including health................................. 33,950 20.28 42,190 18.93 

Forensic science technicians............................................................................................. 24.19 12,030 50,310 22.92 

Forest and conservation technicians................................................................................. 17.20 26,900 35,770 16.12 

Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other..................................................... 19.82 59,910 41,230 18.33 

Community and social services occupations 1,793,040 19.49 40,540 17.87 

Substance abuse and behavioral disorder counselors...................................................... 76,830 18.19 37,830 17.10 

Educational, vocational, and school counselors................................................................ 232,260 24.85 51,690 23.77 

Marriage and family therapists........................................................................................... 23,340 21.78 45,310 20.96 

Mental health counselors................................................................................................... 95,9 18.97 70 39,450 17.31 

Rehabilitation counselors................................................................................................... 123 16.03 ,890 33,350 14.25 

Counselors, all other.......................................................................................................... 19.57 28,900 40,710 18.60 

Child, family, and school social workers............................................................................ 265,090 20.15 41,920 18.57 

Medical and public health social workers........................................................................... 120,060 22.27 46,320 21.48 

Mental health and substance abuse social workers........................................................... 118,690 18.93 39,380 17.62 

Social workers, all other..................................................................................................... 6 22.68 4,990 47,170 22.02 

Health educators................................................................................................................ 61,290 22.76 47,340 20.63 

Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists................................................... 94,120 23.07 47,980 21.40 

Social and human service assistants................................................................................. 316,380 13.68 28,450 12.80 

Community and social service specialists, all other........................................................... 109,970 18.56 38,590 17.51 

Clergy................................................................................................................................. 40,960 21.02 43,720 19.45 

Directors, religious activities and education....................................................................... 18.98 14,780 39,470 17.00 

Religious workers, all other................................................................................................ 15.22 5,520 31,660 12.82 

Legal occupations 42.53 998,590 88,450 33.54 

Lawyers.............................................................................................................................. 555,770 56.87 118,280 51.02 

Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers............................................ 14,100 37.81 78,650 35.66 

Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators.............................................................................. 8,810 27.10 56,380 23.48 

Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates..................................................................... 25,500 47.73 99,270 51.55 

Paralegals and legal assistants......................................................................................... 241,270 22.88 47,600 21.63 

Court reporters................................................................................................................... 20,120 23.26 48,380 21.79 

Law clerks.......................................................................................................................... 31,160 19.65 40,880 18.06 

Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers...................................................................... 62,200 19.78 41,140 17.88 

Legal support workers, all other......................................................................................... 39,670 26.23 54,560 23.30 

Education, training, and library occupations 8,316,360 22.41 46,610 20.47 

Business teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................... 67,700 (2) 73,240 (2)

Computer science teachers, postsecondary...................................................................... 33,840 (2) 69,660 (2)

Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary................................................................ 44,560 (2) 65,450 (2)

 See footnotes at end of table.

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, 

May 2007—Continued

Occupation Employment

Mean wages Median 

hourly wages
Hourly Annual 1

Education, training, and library occupations—Continued

Architecture teachers, postsecondary................................................................................ 6,070 (2) $71,480 (2)

Engineering teachers, postsecondary................................................................................ 32,360 (2) 85,260 (2)

Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary.................................................................. 10,700 (2) 80,280 (2)

Biological science teachers, postsecondary...................................................................... 52,560 (2) 84,130 (2)

Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary............................................ 2,640 (2) 67,530 (2)

Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary...................... 9,030 (2) 78,890 (2)

Chemistry teachers, postsecondary................................................................................... 19,800 (2) 72,900 (2)

Environmental science teachers, postsecondary............................................................... 4,470 (2) 75,220 (2)

Physics teachers, postsecondary....................................................................................... 12,530 (2) 77,440 (2)

Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary.................................................... 5,290 (2) 69,420 (2)

Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary............................................... 7,280 (2) 67,770 (2)

Economics teachers, postsecondary................................................................................. 12,840 (2) 83,030 (2)

Geography teachers, postsecondary................................................................................. 4,050 (2) 65,810 (2)

Political science teachers, postsecondary......................................................................... 14,160 (2) 70,350 (2)

Psychology teachers, postsecondary................................................................................. 30,590 (2) 66,460 (2)

Sociology teachers, postsecondary................................................................................... 16,130 (2) 65,230 (2)

Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other........................................................... 5,460 (2) 70,000 (2)

Health specialties teachers, postsecondary....................................................................... 114,070 (2) 95,440 (2)

Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary.............................................................. 42,660 (2) 60,850 (2)

Education teachers, postsecondary................................................................................... 54,420 (2) 59,250 (2)

Library science teachers, postsecondary........................................................................... 4,080 (2) 59,690 (2)

Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary........................................ 11,110 (2) 57,510 (2)

Law teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................ 12,610 (2) 95,510 (2)

Social work teachers, postsecondary................................................................................. 7,510 (2) 61,140 (2)

Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary................................................................ 73,890 (2) 61,050 (2)

Communications teachers, postsecondary........................................................................ 23,690 (2) 58,610 (2)

English language and literature teachers, postsecondary................................................. 60,910 (2) 60,580 (2)

Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary................................................. 25,100 (2) 62,540 (2)

History teachers, postsecondary........................................................................................ 20,760 (2) 65,410 (2)

Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary.............................................................. 18,140 (2) 61,700 (2)

Graduate teaching assistants............................................................................................ 119,790 (2) 30,080 (2)

Home economics teachers, postsecondary....................................................................... 4,770 (2) 63,790 (2)

Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary................................................... 17,500 (2) 57,540 (2)

Vocational education teachers, postsecondary.................................................................. 112,300 23.63 49,150 22.05

Postsecondary teachers, all other...................................................................................... 265,500 (2) 71,950 (2)

Preschool teachers, except special education................................................................... 380,930 12.40 25,800 11.12 

Kindergarten teachers, except special education.............................................................. 170,880 (2) 47,750 (2)

Elementary school teachers, except special education..................................................... 1,538,030 (2) 50,040 (2)

Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education..................................... 652,560 (2) 50,630 (2)

Vocational education teachers, middle school................................................................... 15,260 (2) 48,460 (2)

Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.............................. 1,058,870 (2) 52,450 (2)

Vocational education teachers, secondary school............................................................. 97,550 (2) 52,250 (2)

Special education teachers, preschool, kindergarten, and elementary school.................. 219,930 (2) 51,230 (2)

Special education teachers, middle school........................................................................ 100,160 (2) 51,610 (2)

Special education teachers, secondary school.................................................................. 141,330 (2) 53,020 (2)

Adult literacy, remedial education, and GED teachers and instructors.............................. 72,240 23.00 47,830 21.50 

Self-enrichment education teachers.................................................................................. 156,960 19.04 39,600 16.62 

Teachers and instructors, all other..................................................................................... 555,460 (2) 37,840 (2)

Archivists............................................................................................................................ 5,420 22.32 46,420 20.73 

Curators............................................................................................................................. 10,120 24.06 50,040 22.11 

Museum technicians and conservators.............................................................................. 9,950 18.84 39,180 17.00 

Librarians........................................................................................................................... 148,800 25.41 52,850 24.51 

Library technicians............................................................................................................. 114,15 13.96 0 29,040 13.31 

Audio-visual collections specialists.................................................................................... 6,530 21.04 43,770 20.42 

Farm and home management advisors............................................................................. 12,050 21.30 44,300 20.11 

Instructional coordinators................................................................................................... 11 27.92 7,940 58,070 26.57 

Teacher assistants............................................................................................................. 1,251,610 (2) 22,820 (2)

Education, training, and library workers, all other.............................................................. 98,790 17.77 36,950 15.88

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations 1,761,270 23.27 48,410 19.28 

Art directors........................................................................................................................ 32,290 40.01 83,230 34.77 

Craft artists......................................................................................................................... 5,390 14.48 30,110 12.59 

Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators.................................................. 10,500 23.13 48,110 20.23 

Multi-media artists and animators...................................................................................... 29,440 29.33 61,010 26.23 

Artists and related workers, all other.................................................................................. 7,910 24.29 50,520 21.53 

 See footnotes at end of table.

Employment

Mean wages Median 

hourly wages

May 2007—Continued

Occupation

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, 
Hourly Annual 1

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations—Continued

Commercial and industrial designers................................................................................. 34,800 $29.11 $60,540 $27.19

Fashion designers.............................................................................................................. 16,460 34.22 71,170 30.20 

Floral designers................................................................................................................. 59,530 11.51 23,950 10.84 

Graphic designers.............................................................................................................. 201,080 21.80 45,340 19.85 

Interior designers............................................................................................................... 52,620 24.13 50,190 21.14 

Merchandise displayers and window trimmers................................................................... 68,660 13.16 27,370 11.94 

Set and exhibit designers................................................................................................... 8,620 22.89 47,620 20.78 

Designers, all other............................................................................................................ 11,8 24.24 90 50,420 21.01 

Actors................................................................................................................................. 44,860 23.91 (2) 14.28

Producers and directors..................................................................................................... 72, 37.05 390 77,070 29.37 

Athletes and sports competitors......................................................................................... 12,670 (2) 71,920 (2)

Coaches and scouts.......................................................................................................... 165,410 (2) 34,720 (2)

Umpires, referees, and other sports officials..................................................................... 13,630 (2) 29,850 (2)

Dancers.............................................................................................................................. 12,530 14.74 (2) 10.72

Choreographers................................................................................................................. 15,250 19.04 39,600 17.11 

Music directors and composers......................................................................................... 9,110 25.95 53,970 19.30 

Musicians and singers....................................................................................................... 47,520 27.27 (2) 19.92

Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other................................... 32,040 15.67 (2) 13.99

Radio and television announcers....................................................................................... 39,500 18.92 39,360 12.53 

Public address system and other announcers................................................................... 8,490 17.26 35,890 12.43 

Broadcast news analysts................................................................................................... 6,550 33.83 70,370 23.59 

Reporters and correspondents.......................................................................................... 51,620 20.76 43,170 16.68 

Public relations specialists................................................................................................. 22 27.45 5,880 57,100 23.94 

Editors................................................................................................................................ 105,920 26.45 55,020 23.23 

Technical writers................................................................................................................ 46,740 30.18 62,780 29.04 

Writers and authors........................................................................................................... 4 28.90 4,310 60,120 24.36 

Interpreters and translators................................................................................................ 33, 20.05 680 41,690 18.02 

Media and communication workers, all other..................................................................... 24,420 21.98 45,720 20.07 

Audio and video equipment technicians............................................................................ 40,360 18.88 39,260 17.33 

Broadcast technicians........................................................................................................ 34 18.00 ,250 37,440 15.50 

Radio operators................................................................................................................. 1,110 19.54 40,650 19.33 

Sound engineering technicians.......................................................................................... 15,490 26.07 54,220 22.38 

Photographers................................................................................................................... 62,37 16.35 0 34,010 13.32 

Camera operators, television, video, and motion picture................................................... 19,990 22.39 46,570 20.12 

Film and video editors........................................................................................................ 1 29.42 7,410 61,180 23.02 

Media and communication equipment workers, all other................................................... 18,580 26.00 54,090 24.93 

Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations 6,877,680 31.26 65,020 26.17 

Chiropractors..................................................................................................................... 27,190 39.13 81,390 31.68 

Dentists, general................................................................................................................ 85,260 70.68 147,010 66.17 

Oral and maxillofacial surgeons......................................................................................... 5,040 85.79 178,440 (3)

Orthodontists...................................................................................................................... 5,350 89.11 185,340 (3)

Prosthodontists.................................................................................................................. 380 81.42 169,360 (3)

Dentists, all other specialists.............................................................................................. 4, 57.87 490 120,360 50.69 

Dietitians and nutritionists.................................................................................................. 5 24.05 2,800 50,030 23.56 

Optometrists....................................................................................................................... 24,900 48.96 101,840 45.09 

Pharmacists....................................................................................................................... 253,110 47.58 98,960 48.31 

Anesthesiologists............................................................................................................... 31,030 92.68 192,780 (3)

Family and general practitioners........................................................................................ 113,250 73.86 153,640 (3)

Internists, general.............................................................................................................. 46,260 80.42 167,270 (3)

Obstetricians and gynecologists........................................................................................ 21,340 88.27 183,600 (3)

Pediatricians, general........................................................................................................ 28,890 69.81 145,210 67.64 

Psychiatrists....................................................................................................................... 21,790 70.97 147,620 (3)

Surgeons............................................................................................................................ 50,260 92.03 191,410 (3)

Physicians and surgeons, all other.................................................................................... 237,400 74.59 155,150 (3)

Physician assistants........................................................................................................... 67, 37.41 160 77,800 37.72 

Podiatrists.......................................................................................................................... 9,320 57.59 119,790 53.13 

Registered nurses.............................................................................................................. 2,4 30.04 68,340 62,480 28.85 

Audiologists........................................................................................................................ 11, 30.61 360 63,660 28.58 

Occupational therapists..................................................................................................... 91, 31.51 920 65,540 30.67 

Physical therapists............................................................................................................. 16 34.39 1,850 71,520 33.54 

Radiation therapists........................................................................................................... 34.61 14,620 71,990 33.66 

Recreational therapists...................................................................................................... 23 18.43 ,240 38,330 17.76 

Respiratory therapists........................................................................................................ 101,180 24.49 50,930 24.07 

 See footnotes at end of table.

Mean wages Median 

hourly wages

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, 

May 2007—Continued

Occupation Employment
Hourly Annual 1

Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations —Continued

Speech-language pathologists........................................................................................... 103,810 $30.64 $63,740 $29.18

Therapists, all other........................................................................................................... 11,580 25.45 52,930 24.10 

Veterinarians...................................................................................................................... 50,790 40.43 84,090 36.17 

Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other....................................................... 44,350 38.93 80,980 30.64 

Medical and clinical laboratory technologists..................................................................... 163,270 25.20 52,410 24.87 

Medical and clinical laboratory technicians........................................................................ 145,890 17.36 36,110 16.48 

Dental hygienists................................................................................................................ 168,600 31.21 64,910 31.12 

Cardiovascular technologists and technicians................................................................... 46,980 22.37 46,530 21.61 

Diagnostic medical sonographers...................................................................................... 46,770 29.13 60,590 28.78 

Nuclear medicine technologists......................................................................................... 20,410 31.43 65,380 31.09 

Radiologic technologists and technicians.......................................................................... 200,370 24.59 51,150 24.16 

Emergency medical technicians and paramedics.............................................................. 201,200 14.84 30,870 13.66 

Dietetic technicians............................................................................................................ 24,540 12.83 26,680 11.90 

Pharmacy technicians........................................................................................................ 301,950 13.25 27,560 12.85 

Psychiatric technicians....................................................................................................... 60,6 15.21 90 31,640 14.27 

Respiratory therapy technicians......................................................................................... 17,610 20.00 41,590 19.52 

Surgical technologists........................................................................................................ 86,000 18.66 38,800 18.05 

Veterinary technologists and technicians........................................................................... 73,240 13.90 28,920 13.45 

Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses............................................................ 719,240 18.72 38,940 18.24 

Medical records and health information technicians.......................................................... 165,590 15.12 31,450 14.08 

Opticians, dispensing......................................................................................................... 62,420 16.10 33,480 15.11 

Orthotists and prosthetists................................................................................................. 5,6 30.90 00 64,280 29.10 

Health technologists and technicians, all other.................................................................. 73,730 19.17 39,870 17.61 

Occupational health and safety specialists........................................................................ 46,460 29.48 61,310 28.91 

Occupational health and safety technicians....................................................................... 10,260 22.21 46,200 21.16 

Athletic trainers.................................................................................................................. 14,970 (2) 40,720 (2)

Healthcare practitioners and technical workers, all other................................................... 53,640 22.94 47,710 19.49 

Healthcare support occupations 3,625,240 12.31 25,600 11.45 

Home health aides............................................................................................................. 8 10.03 34,580 20,850 9.62 

Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................................................................... 1,390,260 11.50 23,920 11.14 

Psychiatric aides................................................................................................................ 5 12.54 8,310 26,080 12.25 

Occupational therapist assistants...................................................................................... 25,130 21.72 45,180 21.66 

Occupational therapist aides.............................................................................................. 7,640 13.91 28,930 12.54 

Physical therapist assistants.............................................................................................. 59,120 21.32 44,340 21.22 

Physical therapist aides..................................................................................................... 43,35 11.58 0 24,080 11.05 

Massage therapists............................................................................................................ 45,920 19.39 40,330 16.76 

Dental assistants................................................................................................................ 283,680 15.52 32,280 15.17 

Medical assistants.............................................................................................................. 434,540 13.59 28,270 13.19 

Medical equipment preparers............................................................................................ 43,790 13.43 27,940 13.00 

Medical transcriptionists..................................................................................................... 8 15.44 6,990 32,120 15.02 

Pharmacy aides................................................................................................................. 49,630 10.15 21,120 9.39 

Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers.................................................... 71,190 10.66 22,180 9.98 

Healthcare support workers, all other................................................................................ 191,110 14.24 29,620 13.62 

Protective service occupations 3,087,650 $18.63 $38,750 $16.11

First-line supervisors/managers of correctional officers..................................................... 41,000 27.17 56,510 26.79 

First-line supervisors/managers of police and detectives.................................................. 91,510 35.39 73,620 34.91 

First-line supervisors/managers of fire fighting and prevention workers............................ 52,160 32.38 67,350 31.27 

First-line supervisors/managers, protective service workers, all other.............................. 45,750 22.55 46,910 20.68 

Fire fighters........................................................................................................................ 28 21.22 9,710 44,130 20.75 

Fire inspectors and investigators....................................................................................... 12,980 25.31 52,640 24.44 

Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists............................................................... 1,600 17.20 35,770 15.11 

Bailiffs................................................................................................................................ 18,830 18.52 38,510 17.74 

Correctional officers and jailers.......................................................................................... 431,980 19.22 39,970 17.78 

Detectives and criminal investigators................................................................................. 103,320 30.05 62,500 28.81 

Fish and game wardens..................................................................................................... 7,500 26.79 55,720 23.00 

Parking enforcement workers............................................................................................ 9,910 15.78 32,830 15.13 

Police and sheriff's patrol officers...................................................................................... 625,8 24.36 80 50,670 23.86 

Transit and railroad police.................................................................................................. 5, 23.80 530 49,500 22.29 

Animal control workers....................................................................................................... 14 14.84 ,890 30,860 14.10 

Private detectives and investigators.................................................................................. 37,410 20.51 42,660 18.09 

Gaming surveillance officers and gaming investigators..................................................... 9,030 14.59 30,350 13.19 

Security guards.................................................................................................................. 1,032,26 11.94 0 24,840 10.85 

 See footnotes at end of table.

Median 

hourly wages

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, 

May 2007—Continued

Occupation Employment

Mean wages
Hourly Annual 1

Protective service occupations—Continued

Crossing guards................................................................................................................. 67,570 $11.28 $23,460 $10.65

Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers.......................... 107,420 9.34 19,430 8.64 

Protective service workers, all other.................................................................................. 81,410 15.27 31,760 13.58 

Food preparation and serving related occupations 11,273,850 9.35 19,440 8.24 

Chefs and head cooks....................................................................................................... 100, 19.57 130 40,700 17.87 

First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers........................ 788,750 14.39 29,930 13.48 

Cooks, fast food................................................................................................................. 575,510 8.11 16,860 7.75 

Cooks, institution and cafeteria.......................................................................................... 372,4 10.74 50 22,340 10.26 

Cooks, private household.................................................................................................. 950 13.59 28,260 11.67 

Cooks, restaurant............................................................................................................... 878,990 10.56 21,960 10.20 

Cooks, short order............................................................................................................. 9.41 177,450 19,580 8.96 

Cooks, all other.................................................................................................................. 15,440 11.62 24,170 10.64 

Food preparation workers.................................................................................................. 873,4 9.30 70 19,350 8.73 

Bartenders......................................................................................................................... 498,090 9.49 19,740 8.22 

Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food............................... 2,602,950 8.03 16,700 7.57 

Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop..................................... 541,370 8.57 17,820 8.12 

Waiters and waitresses...................................................................................................... 2,3 8.93 57,040 18,570 7.62 

Food servers, nonrestaurant.............................................................................................. 185,53 9.93 0 20,660 9.06 

Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers............................................ 401,070 8.36 17,380 7.71 

Dishwashers....................................................................................................................... 509,550 8.20 17,060 7.89 Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop............................................... 8.54 342,960 17,770 8.07 

Food preparation and serving related workers, all other.................................................... 9.83 52,160 20,450 8.93 

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations 4,403,900 11.33 23,560 10.18 

First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers........................... 179,850 16.93 35,220 15.79 

First-line supervisors/managers of landscaping, lawn service, and

 groundskeeping workers............................................................................................. 110,340 20.06 41,730 18.62 

Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners..................................... 2,112,870 10.92 22,710 10.00 

Maids and housekeeping cleaners.................................................................................... 915,890 9.40 19,550 8.82 

Building cleaning workers, all other.................................................................................... 14,320 14.45 30,060 13.02 

Pest control workers........................................................................................................... 14.56 63,440 30,280 13.96 

Landscaping and groundskeeping workers........................................................................ 932,730 11.53 23,980 10.69 

Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation................................................. 25,560 14.60 30,370 13.73 

Tree trimmers and pruners................................................................................................ 30,670 14.96 31,110 14.33 

Grounds maintenance workers, all other........................................................................... 18,230 12.33 25,640 10.27 

Personal care and service occupations 3,339,510 11.53 23,980 9.50 

Gaming supervisors........................................................................................................... 25,800 21.29 44,290 20.66 

Slot key persons................................................................................................................ 13,680 12.45 25,900 11.42 

First-line supervisors/managers of personal service workers............................................ 126,870 17.88 37,190 16.30 

Animal trainers................................................................................................................... 9,110 14.61 30,390 12.59 

Nonfarm animal caretakers................................................................................................ 118,76 10.18 0 21,180 9.08 

Gaming dealers.................................................................................................................. 86,21 8.71 0 18,120 7.51 

Gaming and sports book writers and runners.................................................................... 17,370 10.64 22,120 9.27 

Gaming service workers, all other...................................................................................... 14,270 12.17 25,310 11.09 

Motion picture projectionists.............................................................................................. 10,840 10.33 21,500 8.84 

Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers....................................................................... 106,700 8.60 17,880 7.85 

Amusement and recreation attendants.............................................................................. 245,380 8.76 18,220 8.10 

Costume attendants........................................................................................................... 4, 14.85 570 30,890 12.64 

Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants.................................................... 17,830 9.99 20,780 9.18 

Entertainment attendants and related workers, all other.................................................... 42,020 9.69 20,150 9.06 

Embalmers......................................................................................................................... 8,930 18.66 38,810 17.69 

Funeral attendants............................................................................................................. 10.80 33,100 22,470 10.07 

Barbers.............................................................................................................................. 12,110 12.43 25,860 11.31 

Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists................................................................... 343,320 12.38 25,760 10.68 

Makeup artists, theatrical and performance....................................................................... 1,400 19.57 40,710 16.95 

Manicurists and pedicurists................................................................................................ 52,7 10.59 30 22,020 9.60 

Shampooers....................................................................................................................... 15,310 8.41 17,490 7.93 

Skin care specialists.......................................................................................................... 14.71 24,960 30,600 13.07 

Baggage porters and bellhops........................................................................................... 49,700 10.88 22,620 9.25 

Concierges......................................................................................................................... 19,7 12.93 70 26,900 12.28 

Tour guides and escorts.................................................................................................... 31,620 11.57 24,060 10.63 

Travel guides..................................................................................................................... 3,520 16.09 33,470 14.74 

Flight attendants................................................................................................................ 97 ,010 (2) c 35,470 (2)

Transportation attendants, except flight attendants and baggage porters......................... 20,690 10.60 22,040 9.76 

 See footnotes at end of table.

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, 

May 2007—Continued

Occupation Employment

Mean wages Median 

hourly wages
Hourly Annual 1

Personal care and service occupations—Continued

Child care workers............................................................................................................. 576,680 $9.46 $19,670 $8.82

Personal and home care aides.......................................................................................... 595,350 9.11 18,940 8.89 

Fitness trainers and aerobics instructors........................................................................... 219,990 15.86 32,990 13.31 

Recreation workers............................................................................................................ 2 11.44 78,070 23,790 10.20 

Residential advisors........................................................................................................... 12.00 51,630 24,960 11.08 

Personal care and service workers, all other..................................................................... 64,210 10.72 22,300 9.22 

Sales and related occupations 14,332,020 16.94 35,240 11.41 

First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers..................................................... 18.85 1,156,540 39,210 16.57 

First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers.............................................. 280,770 37.58 78,170 32.22 

Cashiers............................................................................................................................. 3,545,330 8.84 18,380 8.25 

Gaming change persons and booth cashiers.................................................................... 24,640 10.55 21,940 10.04 

Counter and rental clerks................................................................................................... 462 11.47 ,040 23,850 9.65 

Parts salespersons............................................................................................................ 2 14.68 30,480 30,540 13.52 

Retail salespersons............................................................................................................ 11.79 4,429,060 24,530 9.69 

Advertising sales agents.................................................................................................... 161,440 25.14 52,290 20.59 

Insurance sales agents...................................................................................................... 321,920 28.16 58,580 21.21 

Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents............................................ 268,480 43.49 90,470 32.90 

Travel agents..................................................................................................................... 85,580 15.48 32,190 14.49 

Sales representatives, services, all other.......................................................................... 556,430 27.64 57,480 23.34 

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products...... 36.76 403,320 76,460 32.82 

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific 

 products......................................................................................................................... 1,505,930 28.94 60,190 24.40 

Demonstrators and product promoters.............................................................................. 83,270 12.77 26,570 10.85 

Models............................................................................................................................... 2,060 12.04 25,040 10.83 

Real estate brokers............................................................................................................ 38.36 49,270 79,800 28.30 

Real estate sales agents.................................................................................................... 172,030 26.49 55,090 19.52 

Sales engineers................................................................................................................. 75,940 41.51 86,350 38.59 

Telemarketers.................................................................................................................... 354,000 11.75 24,430 10.28 

Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers..................... 11,600 12.59 26,190 9.33 

Sales and related workers, all other................................................................................... 151,890 20.13 41,870 16.80 

Office and administrative support occupations 23,270,810 15.00 31,200 13.91 

First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers.................. 1,378,240 22.89 47,620 21.47 

Switchboard operators, including answering service......................................................... 160,200 11.76 24,460 11.28 

Telephone operators.......................................................................................................... 23 15.72 ,840 32,690 15.18 

Communications equipment operators, all other............................................................... 3,830 17.06 35,470 16.23 

Bill and account collectors................................................................................................. 409 15.21 ,570 31,630 14.42 

Billing and posting clerks and machine operators.............................................................. 515,060 14.94 31,080 14.41 

Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks................................................................... 1,858,500 15.76 32,780 15.17 

Gaming cage workers........................................................................................................ 17,120 11.83 24,610 11.30 

Payroll and timekeeping clerks.......................................................................................... 201,940 16.59 34,500 16.26 

Procurement clerks............................................................................................................ 7 16.62 7,180 34,570 16.40 

Tellers................................................................................................................................ 607,960 11.36 23,620 11.02 

Brokerage clerks................................................................................................................ 71,170 19.23 39,990 17.96 

Correspondence clerks...................................................................................................... 15,5 14.71 50 30,600 14.18 

Court, municipal, and license clerks.................................................................................. 109,080 16.44 34,190 15.54 

Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks............................................................................ 67,480 15.00 31,200 14.25 

Customer service representatives..................................................................................... 2,193,430 14.93 31,040 13.96 

Eligibility interviewers, government programs.................................................................... 107,220 18.86 39,240 18.80 

File clerks........................................................................................................................... 214,590 11.76 24,450 11.06 

Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks................................................................................... 223,210 9.66 20,100 9.11 

Interviewers, except eligibility and loan.............................................................................. 227,220 13.55 28,190 13.14 

Library assistants, clerical.................................................................................................. 112,300 11.42 23,750 10.71 

Loan interviewers and clerks............................................................................................. 239,81 15.97 0 33,220 15.23 

New accounts clerks.......................................................................................................... 88 14.64 ,880 30,450 14.24 

Order clerks....................................................................................................................... 255,670 13.71 28,510 12.94 

Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping.......................................... 161,970 17.31 36,000 16.81 

Receptionists and information clerks................................................................................. 1,100,790 11.82 24,580 11.40 

Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks......................................... 167,390 14.94 31,080 14.34 

All other information and record clerks.............................................................................. 233,180 16.15 33,580 15.44 

Cargo and freight agents................................................................................................... 81,380 18.64 38,760 17.82 

Couriers and messengers.................................................................................................. 100,820 11.54 24,000 10.75 

Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers............................................................................ 93,670 16.38 34,060 15.70 

Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance................................................................ 190,190 17.07 35,500 15.93 

 See footnotes at end of table.

Occupation Employment

Mean wages Median 

hourly wages

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, 

May 2007—Continued
Hourly Annual 1

Office and administrative support occupations—Continued

Meter readers, utilities........................................................................................................ 46,220 $16.12 $33,520 $15.29

Postal service clerks.......................................................................................................... 21.29 79,500 44,290 21.66 

Postal service mail carriers................................................................................................ 348 21.17 ,070 44,030 21.39 

Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators.................... 201,430 19.66 40,890 21.01 

Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................................................................... 283,930 19.74 41,050 19.08 

Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks................................................................................ 755,790 13.66 28,410 12.98 

Stock clerks and order fillers.............................................................................................. 1,8 10.93 17,650 22,720 9.85 

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping........................................ 76,000 13.37 27,810 12.56 

Executive secretaries and administrative assistants.......................................................... 19.57 1,517,410 40,700 18.58 

Legal secretaries................................................................................................................ 2 19.50 66,180 40,550 18.66 

Medical secretaries............................................................................................................ 14.45 424,670 30,050 13.92 

Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............................................................. 1,832,490 14.04 29,190 13.57 

Computer operators........................................................................................................... 17.34 117,380 36,080 16.64 

Data entry keyers............................................................................................................... 286,540 12.67 26,350 12.20 

Word processors and typists............................................................................................. 139,420 15.18 31,580 14.61 

Desktop publishers............................................................................................................ 2 18.02 9,320 37,470 17.07 

Insurance claims and policy processing clerks.................................................................. 232,700 16.24 33,780 15.41 

Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service......................................... 138,990 12.32 25,630 11.73 

Office clerks, general......................................................................................................... 2,980,350 12.48 25,960 11.76 

Office machine operators, except computer...................................................................... 87,240 12.85 26,730 12.13 

Proofreaders and copy markers......................................................................................... 15,650 14.87 30,930 13.90 

Statistical assistants........................................................................................................... 19,210 16.45 34,220 15.64 

Office and administrative support workers, all other.......................................................... 266,220 14.75 30,680 13.70 

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 448,000 10.89 22,640 8.94 

First-line supervisors/managers of farming, fishing, and forestry workers......................... 20,860 19.75 41,080 18.52 

Farm labor contractors....................................................................................................... 1, 15.95 450 33,180 14.39 

Agricultural inspectors........................................................................................................ 14 19.15 ,510 39,830 19.13 

Animal breeders................................................................................................................. 2,320 15.56 32,370 12.78 

Graders and sorters, agricultural products......................................................................... 40,770 9.42 19,590 8.64 

Agricultural equipment operators....................................................................................... 22,490 11.13 23,140 10.18 

Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse.............................................. 239,380 8.82 18,350 8.19 

Farmworkers, farm and ranch animals.............................................................................. 43,120 10.51 21,860 9.78 

Agricultural workers, all other............................................................................................. 7,960 13.16 27,370 12.45 

Fishers and related fishing workers................................................................................... 960 13.59 28,280 13.43 

Forest and conservation workers....................................................................................... 8,770 11.62 24,160 9.86 

Fallers................................................................................................................................ 7,500 16.37 34,060 14.41 

Logging equipment operators............................................................................................ 27,700 15.35 31,920 14.83 

Log graders and scalers.................................................................................................... 4,430 16.16 33,620 15.45 

Logging workers, all other.................................................................................................. 5,740 15.48 32,210 15.52 

Construction and extraction occupations 6,708,200 19.53 40,620 17.57 

First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers................ 577,130 28.54 59,360 26.90 

Boilermakers...................................................................................................................... 18,650 24.72 51,420 24.38 

Brickmasons and blockmasons......................................................................................... 116,290 22.02 45,800 21.19 

Stonemasons..................................................................................................................... 18,760 18.98 39,470 17.76 

Carpenters......................................................................................................................... 969,670 19.84 41,260 18.11 

Carpet installers................................................................................................................. 34,630 19.21 39,960 17.33 

Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles............................................................... 14,070 18.74 38,980 16.88 

Floor sanders and finishers................................................................................................ 8,22 16.08 0 33,460 15.04 

Tile and marble setters...................................................................................................... 52 19.62 ,790 40,810 18.61 

Cement masons and concrete finishers............................................................................. 213,850 17.93 37,300 16.27 

Terrazzo workers and finishers.......................................................................................... 5,920 18.17 37,790 16.54 

Construction laborers......................................................................................................... 1 14.88 ,053,060 30,950 13.13 

Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators........................................................ 63,850 17.04 35,450 15.56 

Pile-driver operators........................................................................................................... 5,050 24.80 51,580 22.86 

Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators.................................... 403,620 20.22 42,060 18.33 

Drywall and ceiling tile installers........................................................................................ 137,570 18.94 39,400 17.56 

Tapers................................................................................................................................ 37,280 21.09 43,870 20.22 

Electricians......................................................................................................................... 624,560 23.12 48,100 21.53 

Glaziers.............................................................................................................................. 50,800 18.60 38,680 16.94 

Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall.......................................................................... 29,660 16.45 34,220 15.04 

Insulation workers, mechanical.......................................................................................... 29,110 19.94 41,480 17.58 

Painters, construction and maintenance............................................................................ 260,260 16.94 35,230 15.42 

 See footnotes at end of table.

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, 

May 2007—Continued

Occupation Employment

Mean wages Median 

hourly wages
Hourly Annual 1

Construction and extraction occupations —Continued

Paperhangers.................................................................................................................... 5,970 $18.67 $38,820 $16.62

Pipelayers.......................................................................................................................... 56 16.70 ,890 34,750 15.04 

Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............................................................................... 435,010 22.76 47,350 21.20 

Plasterers and stucco masons........................................................................................... 49,310 18.84 39,190 17.52 

Reinforcing iron and rebar workers.................................................................................... 28,270 20.50 42,640 18.21 

Roofers.............................................................................................................................. 123,180 17.47 36,340 15.98 

Sheet metal workers.......................................................................................................... 16 20.50 7,730 42,640 18.85 

Structural iron and steel workers........................................................................................ 65,100 21.99 45,730 20.26 

Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters............. 57,870 13.69 28,480 12.63 

Helpers--carpenters........................................................................................................... 9 12.18 6,180 25,330 11.70 

Helpers--electricians.......................................................................................................... 12.51 101,370 26,010 11.96 

Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons.................................... 22,770 11.21 23,320 10.72 

Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters.............................................. 83,380 12.74 26,500 12.19 

Helpers--roofers................................................................................................................. 21,250 11.37 23,650 10.97 

Helpers, construction trades, all other............................................................................... 33,870 12.43 25,850 11.49 

Construction and building inspectors................................................................................. 95,890 24.25 50,440 23.24 

Elevator installers and repairers........................................................................................ 22,950 31.89 66,330 32.69 

Fence erectors................................................................................................................... 26,650 13.79 28,690 12.85 

Hazardous materials removal workers............................................................................... 39,530 18.85 39,210 17.47 

Highway maintenance workers.......................................................................................... 137,140 16.21 33,710 15.67 

Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators................................................... 14,050 20.00 41,600 20.25 

Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners.................................................................. 23,440 16.39 34,100 15.74 

Segmental pavers.............................................................................................................. 1,09 12.95 0 26,940 12.65 

Construction and related workers, all other........................................................................ 58,040 16.16 33,620 15.01 

Derrick operators, oil and gas............................................................................................ 19,410 18.98 39,480 18.17 

Rotary drill operators, oil and gas...................................................................................... 22,600 21.90 45,560 20.91 

Service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining....................................................................... 30,440 18.55 38,580 16.73 

Earth drillers, except oil and gas........................................................................................ 19,760 18.85 39,200 17.46 

Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters.......................................... 5,750 20.68 43,020 19.96 

Continuous mining machine operators.............................................................................. 9,830 21.06 43,800 21.09 

Mine cutting and channeling machine operators............................................................... 8,460 18.92 39,360 19.20 

Mining machine operators, all other................................................................................... 4,170 20.03 41,660 19.40 

Rock splitters, quarry......................................................................................................... 4,100 14.69 30,550 13.49 

Roof bolters, mining........................................................................................................... 4,130 21.15 43,990 20.80 

Roustabouts, oil and gas................................................................................................... 54,200 14.66 30,480 13.71 

Helpers--extraction workers............................................................................................... 24,67 15.23 0 31,670 14.37 

Extraction workers, all other............................................................................................... 8,8 20.19 90 41,990 18.73 

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 5,390,090 19.20 39,930 18.04 

First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers........................... 443,790 27.60 57,400 26.63 

Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers................................................ 132,750 18.61 38,710 17.84 

Radio mechanics............................................................................................................... 5 20.20 ,570 42,020 18.89 

Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers................. 189,290 24.88 51,760 25.99 

Avionics technicians........................................................................................................... 23.19 16,300 48,240 23.13 

Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers............................................................... 22,150 17.40 36,180 16.41 

Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment.................... 18,160 21.25 44,210 21.12 

Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment........................ 79,150 22.90 47,630 22.65 

Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay........................... 23,320 27.98 58,200 28.35 

Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles........................................... 19,310 14.60 30,360 13.53 

Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers................................... 38,170 15.94 33,160 15.03 

Security and fire alarm systems installers.......................................................................... 60,700 17.93 37,290 17.02 

Aircraft mechanics and service technicians....................................................................... 118,780 23.88 49,670 23.56 

Automotive body and related repairers.............................................................................. 152,790 18.53 38,530 17.16 

Automotive glass installers and repairers.......................................................................... 18,340 15.80 32,870 15.13 

Automotive service technicians and mechanics................................................................ 650,780 17.54 36,480 16.43 

Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists.................................................... 250,370 19.04 39,610 18.58 

Farm equipment mechanics............................................................................................... 29,660 15.23 31,670 14.75 

Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines........................................................ 124,180 20.57 42,790 19.93 

Rail car repairers................................................................................................................ 23,190 21.69 45,120 21.62 

Motorboat mechanics......................................................................................................... 19, 17.06 610 35,490 16.45 

Motorcycle mechanics....................................................................................................... 16,800 15.49 32,210 14.57 

Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics.......................................... 27,560 13.94 29,000 13.49 

Bicycle repairers................................................................................................................ 9, 11.08 130 23,040 10.49 

Recreational vehicle service technicians........................................................................... 14,030 16.19 33,670 15.27 

Tire repairers and changers............................................................................................... 100,510 11.24 23,380 10.52 

 See footnotes at end of table.

Median 

hourly wages

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, 

May 2007—Continued

Occupation Employment

Mean wages
Hourly Annual 1

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations—Continued

Mechanical door repairers................................................................................................. 18,28 0 $16.42 $34,140 $15.33

Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door.................................. 43,160 22.23 46,240 22.18 

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers................................ 262,570 19.54 40,630 18.44 

Home appliance repairers.................................................................................................. 39,13 16.92 0 35,200 16.14 

Industrial machinery mechanics......................................................................................... 266,550 21.16 44,020 20.36 

Maintenance and repair workers, general.......................................................................... 1,308,350 16.51 34,350 15.66 

Maintenance workers, machinery...................................................................................... 78,760 18.00 37,450 17.11 

Millwrights.......................................................................................................................... 49 23.40 ,360 48,660 22.16 Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons.......................................................... 20.15 2,700 41,910 19.74 

Electrical power-line installers and repairers...................................................................... 109,990 24.85 51,690 25.27 

Telecommunications line installers and repairers.............................................................. 160,250 22.39 46,570 22.70 

Camera and photographic equipment repairers................................................................ 3,870 18.06 37,570 17.23 

Medical equipment repairers.............................................................................................. 34,080 20.95 43,580 19.38 

Musical instrument repairers and tuners............................................................................ 5,410 16.50 34,330 15.40 

Watch repairers................................................................................................................. 2,840 17.40 36,200 15.92 

Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other.................................................... 13,640 23.23 48,320 22.80 

Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers..................................... 42,150 14.45 30,050 13.97 

Commercial divers............................................................................................................. 1 24.76 ,980 51,510 20.01 

Fabric menders, except garment....................................................................................... 990 13.74 28,580 13.49 

Locksmiths and safe repairers........................................................................................... 18,750 16.55 34,430 15.98 

Manufactured building and mobile home installers............................................................ 9,150 13.60 28,280 12.83 

Riggers............................................................................................................................... 12,390 19.58 40,720 18.95 

Signal and track switch repairers....................................................................................... 6,090 24.66 51,290 24.58 

Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers..................................................... 153,320 11.94 24,840 11.02 

Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other..................................................... 141,980 17.26 35,910 15.87 

Production occupations 10,146,560 15.05 31,310 13.53 

First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers.............................. 666,850 24.88 51,740 23.40 

Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers........................................... 34,410 21.24 44,180 21.84 

Coil winders, tapers, and finishers..................................................................................... 22,300 13.44 27,960 13.03 

Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers................................................................ 216,470 13.75 28,590 12.76 

Electromechanical equipment assemblers........................................................................ 64,570 14.41 29,970 13.73 

Engine and other machine assemblers.............................................................................. 41,100 15.99 33,260 15.14 

Structural metal fabricators and fitters............................................................................... 107,830 15.52 32,290 14.92 

Fiberglass laminators and fabricators................................................................................ 31,810 13.21 27,490 12.80 

Team assemblers.............................................................................................................. 1, 12.72 167,150 26,470 11.84 

Timing device assemblers, adjusters, and calibrators....................................................... 2,710 14.40 29,940 13.67 

Assemblers and fabricators, all other................................................................................. 330,940 15.72 32,700 13.42 

Bakers................................................................................................................................ 141,560 11.71 24,360 10.86 

Butchers and meat cutters................................................................................................. 128,5 13.87 10 28,840 13.21 

Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers...................................................................... 150,190 10.45 21,730 10.12 

Slaughterers and meat packers......................................................................................... 110,020 10.83 22,520 10.82 

Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders.............. 18,130 13.04 27,130 12.18 

Food batchmakers............................................................................................................. 99 12.39 ,650 25,770 11.41 

Food cooking machine operators and tenders................................................................... 41,790 11.42 23,750 10.78 

Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic........................................ 140,380 16.20 33,690 15.65 

Numerical tool and process control programmers............................................................. 17,280 21.54 44,800 20.44 

Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......... 95,330 14.44 30,030 13.82 

Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................. 30,130 15.08 31,360 14.54 

Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................................. 37,950 16.33 33,960 15.67 

Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and 

 plastic............................................................................................................................. 254,160 13.72 28,540 13.10 

Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......... 37,680 15.41 32,050 14.54 

Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and 

tenders, metal and plastic ............................................................................................. 96,730 14.60 30,360 13.77 

Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........... 61,140 16.12 33,520 15.61 

Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................ 26,430 15.92 33,100 15.36 

Machinists.......................................................................................................................... 410,900 17.49 36,370 16.94 

Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders.................................................................... 19,180 16.98 35,330 16.63 

Pourers and casters, metal................................................................................................ 15,47 15.69 0 32,640 15.20 

Model makers, metal and plastic....................................................................................... 9,270 21.15 43,990 19.51 

Patternmakers, metal and plastic....................................................................................... 7,250 18.83 39,160 17.44 

Foundry mold and coremakers.......................................................................................... 15,000 14.60 30,370 14.04 

Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal

 and plastic...................................................................................................................... 147,850 13.62 28,330 12.70 

Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......................... 91,090 15.52 32,280 14.61 

 See footnotes at end of table.

Mean wages Median 

hourly wages

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, 

May 2007—Continued

Occupation Employment
Hourly Annual 1

Production occupations—Continued

Tool and die makers.......................................................................................................... 92 ,560 $22.36 $46,520 $21.68

Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers........................................................................... 385,740 16.33 33,960 15.51 

Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders........................ 50,820 15.96 33,200 14.90 

Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...................... 25,500 15.47 32,180 15.03 

Lay-out workers, metal and plastic..................................................................................... 9,190 17.67 36,760 16.93 

Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............... 41,370 14.20 29,540 13.40 

Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners................................................................................. 17,240 15.75 32,760 14.90 

Metal workers and plastic workers, all other...................................................................... 47,100 17.56 36,530 15.75 

Bindery workers................................................................................................................. 62,990 13.56 28,200 12.73 

Bookbinders....................................................................................................................... 6,230 15.38 31,980 13.82 

Job printers........................................................................................................................ 43,320 16.45 34,220 15.69 

Prepress technicians and workers..................................................................................... 65,540 17.08 35,520 16.34 

Printing machine operators................................................................................................ 199,790 16.08 33,450 15.14 

Laundry and dry-cleaning workers..................................................................................... 218,060 9.41 19,570 8.86 

Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials............................................................... 69,260 9.27 19,280 8.87 

Sewing machine operators................................................................................................. 200,340 10.13 21,080 9.31 

Shoe and leather workers and repairers............................................................................ 7,880 11.10 23,080 10.37 

Shoe machine operators and tenders................................................................................ 4,130 11.78 24,510 11.73 

Sewers, hand..................................................................................................................... 8,530 10.70 22,250 10.10 

Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers......................................................................... 31,550 12.49 25,980 11.58 

Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders........................................... 18,050 11.63 24,180 11.36 

Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders.................................................... 21,080 11.31 23,510 10.79 

Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders.............................. 33,400 12.00 24,960 11.78 

Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders......... 40,450 11.44 23,790 11.23 

Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and 

glass fibers...................................................................................................................... 15,240 14.79 30,760 14.34 

Fabric and apparel patternmakers..................................................................................... 8,370 19.67 40,900 17.18 

Upholsterers....................................................................................................................... 40,290 14.24 29,620 13.50 

Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other............................................................ 21,760 12.53 26,060 11.48 

Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters............................................................................... 128,730 14.25 29,640 13.45 

Furniture finishers.............................................................................................................. 23,470 13.19 27,440 12.42 

Model makers, wood.......................................................................................................... 1,6 17.05 10 35,470 14.45 

Patternmakers, wood......................................................................................................... 2,0 16.98 40 35,320 15.63 

Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood.................................................... 58,160 12.58 26,160 11.94 

Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing............................ 95,220 12.23 25,430 11.63 

Woodworkers, all other...................................................................................................... 11, 12.40 470 25,790 11.25 

Nuclear power reactor operators....................................................................................... 4,220 34.24 71,220 33.85 

Power distributors and dispatchers.................................................................................... 9,410 30.33 63,100 30.44 

Power plant operators........................................................................................................ 34 27.41 ,400 57,020 27.23 

Stationary engineers and boiler operators......................................................................... 40,370 23.42 48,700 22.90 

Water and liquid waste treatment plant and system operators.......................................... 108,290 18.44 38,360 17.83 

Chemical plant and system operators................................................................................ 48,030 24.49 50,950 24.45 

Gas plant operators........................................................................................................... 1 26.21 3,190 54,510 26.27 

Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers................................ 43,270 25.68 53,420 25.49 

Plant and system operators, all other................................................................................ 13,290 22.49 46,780 22.47 

Chemical equipment operators and tenders...................................................................... 52,620 21.28 44,250 21.18 

Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, 

operators, and tenders................................................................................................... 44,310 17.91 37,260 17.28 

Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders...................... 42,360 14.52 30,210 13.79 

Grinding and polishing workers, hand................................................................................ 42,750 12.58 26,160 11.95 

Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders.......................................... 139,370 15.24 31,710 14.59 

Cutters and trimmers, hand............................................................................................... 26,180 12.25 25,480 11.19 

Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders............................................. 80,260 14.51 30,180 13.70 

Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, 

operators, and tenders.................................................................................................... 88,60 14.20 0 29,540 13.46 

Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders.............................................. 24,590 15.40 32,030 14.78 

Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers......................................................... 472,900 15.86 32,980 14.57 

Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers............................................................... 27,160 16.35 34,010 15.00 

Dental laboratory technicians............................................................................................. 44,530 17.23 35,850 16.10 

Medical appliance technicians........................................................................................... 11,900 17.31 36,010 15.69 

Ophthalmic laboratory technicians..................................................................................... 30,900 13.71 28,530 12.76 

Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders....................................................... 368,320 12.43 25,860 11.42 

Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders......................... 102,600 13.89 28,900 13.24 

 See footnotes at end of table.

Mean wages Median 

hourly wages

May 2007—Continued

Occupation Employment

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, 
Hourly Annual 1

Production occupations—Continued

Painters, transportation equipment.................................................................................... 51,260 $18.69 $38,870 $17.31

Painting, coating, and decorating workers......................................................................... 31,740 12.05 25,060 11.15 

Photographic process workers........................................................................................... 21,090 13.58 28,250 11.99 

Photographic processing machine operators..................................................................... 50,690 10.51 21,860 9.48 

Semiconductor processors................................................................................................ 36,690 16.74 34,820 15.32 

Cementing and gluing machine operators and tenders..................................................... 21,670 13.35 27,770 12.64 

Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders......................... 16,850 12.12 25,210 11.07 

Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders.................................................... 9,610 12.34 25,660 11.38 

Etchers and engravers....................................................................................................... 11,130 13.81 28,720 12.76 

Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic.................................................. 41,650 13.51 28,100 12.81 

Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................................... 111,250 15.89 33,050 15.41 

Tire builders....................................................................................................................... 20,530 19.01 39,540 20.06 

Helpers--production workers.............................................................................................. 524,44 10.86 0 22,600 10.14 

Production workers, all other.............................................................................................. 288, 14.18 480 29,500 12.33 

Transportation and material moving occupations 9,629,030 14.75 30,680 12.65 

Aircraft cargo handling supervisors.................................................................................... 4,690 21.46 44,630 18.16 

First-line supervisors/managers of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand............ 184,400 20.69 43,020 19.54 

First-line supervisors/managers of transportation and material-moving machine and 

 vehicle operators............................................................................................................ 223,710 25.25 52,510 23.97 

Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers........................................................................ 78,250 (2) c 113,940 (2)

Commercial pilots.............................................................................................................. 29,180 (2) 71,270 (2)

Air traffic controllers........................................................................................................... 24,180 51.82 107,780 54.29 

Airfield operations specialists............................................................................................. 6,2 19.68 10 40,930 18.42 

Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians..................... 21,520 10.73 22,310 10.16 

Bus drivers, transit and intercity......................................................................................... 189,050 16.42 34,150 15.94 

Bus drivers, school............................................................................................................. 461,590 12.59 26,190 12.43 

Driver/sales workers.......................................................................................................... 3 12.11 82,360 25,190 10.28 

Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer.............................................................................. 1,693,590 18.06 37,560 17.41 

Truck drivers, light or delivery services.............................................................................. 922,900 13.86 28,820 12.68 

Taxi drivers and chauffeurs................................................................................................ 165, 10.93 590 22,740 10.01 

Motor vehicle operators, all other....................................................................................... 77,660 13.40 27,870 11.63 

Locomotive engineers........................................................................................................ 41,760 30.38 63,180 27.65 

Locomotive firers................................................................................................................ 580 23.88 49,660 21.78 

Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers.......................................................... 4,950 19.48 40,510 18.76 

Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators..................................................................... 23,120 26.22 54,530 24.59 

Railroad conductors and yardmasters............................................................................... 37,540 29.56 61,480 28.20 

Subway and streetcar operators........................................................................................ 6,600 22.95 47,740 24.29 

Rail transportation workers, all other.................................................................................. 5,210 18.62 38,730 18.87 

Sailors and marine oilers................................................................................................... 32, 16.37 520 34,050 15.66 

Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels..................................................................... 30,540 30.15 62,720 27.50 

Motorboat operators........................................................................................................... 3 17.58 ,250 36,570 15.66 

Ship engineers................................................................................................................... 13,710 29.65 61,680 26.97 

Bridge and lock tenders..................................................................................................... 4,750 18.33 38,120 18.86 

Parking lot attendants........................................................................................................ 131,860 9.29 19,320 8.66 

Service station attendants.................................................................................................. 93, 9.48 140 19,720 8.79 

Traffic technicians.............................................................................................................. 6,550 19.30 40,150 18.69 

Transportation inspectors.................................................................................................. 24,1 27.43 30 57,050 24.73 

Transportation workers, all other....................................................................................... 46,720 16.51 34,330 15.51 

Conveyor operators and tenders....................................................................................... 45,580 13.95 29,020 13.49 

Crane and tower operators................................................................................................ 45,720 20.65 42,940 19.36 

Dredge operators............................................................................................................... 1,910 18.42 38,320 16.46 

Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators.................................................. 68,040 17.79 36,990 16.37 

Loading machine operators, underground mining............................................................. 2,770 20.18 41,980 18.79 

Hoist and winch operators.................................................................................................. 3,22 18.84 0 39,190 16.72 

Industrial truck and tractor operators................................................................................. 630,700 14.31 29,760 13.47 

Cleaners of vehicles and equipment.................................................................................. 336,210 10.03 20,870 8.98 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.................................................... 11.46 2,363,440 23,840 10.53 

Machine feeders and offbearers........................................................................................ 143,140 12.15 25,260 11.48 

Packers and packagers, hand........................................................................................... 798,450 9.77 20,320 8.80 

 See footnotes at end of table.

May 2007—Continued

Occupation Employment

Mean wages Median 

hourly wages

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, 
Hourly Annual 1

Transportation and material moving occupations—Continued

Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators........................................................ 4,230 21.44 44,590 21.82 

Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers....................................................................... 10,400 19.55 40,660 18.75 

Wellhead pumpers............................................................................................................. 15 18.12 ,780 37,680 17.65 

Refuse and recyclable material collectors.......................................................................... 126,270 15.10 31,410 14.15 

Shuttle car operators.......................................................................................................... 19.86 2,660 41,300 19.67 

Tank car, truck, and ship loaders....................................................................................... 14,870 17.22 35,820 15.93 

Material moving workers, all other..................................................................................... 43,840 15.95 33,170 14.74 

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, 

May 2007—Continued

Occupation Employment

Mean wages Median 

hourly wages

 1 Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those 

occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.

 2 Wages for some occupations that do not generally work year round, full time, are reported either as hourly wages or annual salaries 

depending on how they are typically paid.

 3 Represents a wage above $70.00 per hour.

 c = corrected.
Table 2. Employment by industry and occupational group 

 All industries ............................ 134,354,250 6,003,930 6,015,500 3,191,360 2,486,020 1,255,670 1,793,040 998,590 8,316,360 

Agriculture, forestry, fishing,

 and hunting.................................... 385,730 6,350 1,400 280 110 2,310 (1) (1) 90 

Mining.............................................. 644,070 35,100 25,580 7,510 25,040 18,310 (1) 1,650 (1) 

Utilities............................................. 542,230 31,460 36,100 15,880 46,670 9,180 (1) 1,390 (1) 

Construction.................................... 7,671,680 368,880 218,060 (1) 78,700 3,560 100 1,510 (1) Manufacturing.................................. 13,960,700 684,760 432,010 270,190 803,280 152,870 120 5,510 1,350 

Wholesale trade............................... 5,964,920 328,430 233,320 167,010 64,750 30,440 (1) 2,330 770 

Retail trade...................................... 15,642,700 350,610 162,200 59,820 4,790 5,240 390 1,460 6,000 Transportation and warehousing..... 5,306,240 148,500 102,150 24,130 24,080 2,960 90 1,740 1,200 

Information....................................... 3,019,040 202,230 161,600 407,870 65,210 29,480 230 6,550 15,510 Finance and insurance.................... 5,990,930 462,540 1,329,030 308,270 3,060 29,210 3,280 55,320 1,600 Real estate and rental and leasing................................. 2,143,100 197,760 102,610 13,460 4,920 5,240 1,920 8,050 440 

Professional, scientific, and  technical services.......................... 7,519,060 525,430 902,280 1,048,550 915,720 354,440 6,380 606,680 19,550 

Management of companies 

 and enterprises.............................. 1,915,250 324,040 334,540 188,470 49,550 33,690 15,170 21,900 5,730 

Administrative and support 

 and waste management

 and remediation services............... 8,506,680 235,330 286,990 147,260 80,540 29,220 12,650 25,320 34,640 Educational services........................ 12,455,550 535,740 222,460 182,330 21,340 168,330 264,590 3,280 7,391,910 

Health care and social assistance...................................... 16,006,410 530,800 216,320 82,910 5,510 82,830 915,420 5,470 513,250 Arts, entertainment, and  recreation....................................... 1,923,380 65,090 37,050 5,340 1,650 4,410 340 430 30,300 Accommodation and food services......................................... 11,341,810 283,190 38,940 2,580 380 1,090 440 190 550 Other services (except

public administration)..................... 3,881,410 177,010 201,670 26,750 6,870 12,500 95,830 8,390 75,670 

Federal, state, and local

government.................................... 9,533,390 510,670 971,200 223,590 283,850 280,360 475,350 241,390 217,610 

 See footnote at end of table.

Industry Total 

Occupational group

Life, physical, 

and social 

science 

Community and 

social services Management

Business and 

financial 

operations 

Computer and 

mathematical 

science

Architecture 

and 

engineering 

Legal 

Education, 

training, and 

library 
Table 2. Employment by industry and occupational group—Continued

 All industries ............................ 3,625,240 3,087,650 11,273,850 4,403,900 3,339,510 14,332,020 23,270,810 448,000 6,708,200 

Agriculture, forestry, fishing,

 and hunting.................................... (1) 360 (1) 4,950 5,560 2,380 20,860 273,340 760 

Mining.............................................. (1) (1) 320 1,340 (1) 9,180 59,360 (1) 255,530 

Utilities............................................. (1) 4,690 (1) 2,950 (1) 10,820 114,640 380 31,330 

Construction.................................... 210 5,220 1,990 46,410 (1) 149,260 744,540 1,210 5,085,600 

Manufacturing.................................. 1,020 19,040 35,860 88,140 1,270 421,250 1,347,630 34,970 258,990 

Wholesale trade............................... 1,330 5,180 5,360 26,250 1,400 1,584,970 1,423,300 51,210 21,370 Retail trade...................................... 52,560 73,560 487,600 129,590 86,370 8,515,410 2,646,550 20,360 58,230 Transportation and 

 warehousing.............................. 170 17,790 8,620 35,260 147,590 91,860 1,547,720 2,490 27,300 

Information....................................... (1) 5,260 45,380 11,900 57,120 402,510 693,680 (1) 4,830 

Finance and insurance.................... 2,270 12,220 1,560 15,190 1,040 753,130 2,940,480 170 1,730 Real estate and rental and leasing................................. 4,380 34,340 22,730 160,560 23,230 535,700 497,010 1,050 27,380 

Professional, scientific, and  technical services.......................... 70,920 12,400 4,740 43,020 30,770 344,900 1,849,400 5,570 62,030 

Management of companies 

 and enterprises.............................. 7,830 9,840 16,090 16,450 9,980 107,600 560,880 1,300 11,180 

Administrative and support 

 and waste management

 and remediation services............... 103,190 691,090 111,440 1,693,730 69,610 520,780 1,886,690 18,150 313,600 

Educational services........................ 34,050 106,640 457,160 535,070 215,310 36,770 1,336,150 2,980 41,270 Health care and social assistance...................................... 3,162,470 68,420 522,920 447,930 1,036,020 53,220 2,657,060 990 17,630 Arts, entertainment, and  recreation....................................... 5,530 74,500 315,630 190,570 533,140 154,010 184,490 4,330 9,600 Accommodation and food services......................................... 7,540 66,390 9,026,350 600,840 140,880 336,650 419,280 530 4,220 Other services (except

public administration)..................... 29,840 45,360 104,040 107,340 704,360 235,640 603,620 1,080 14,420 

Federal, state, and local

government.................................... 141,650 1,834,700 106,020 246,390 274,290 65,970 1,737,470 27,520 461,190 

 1 Data not available.

Industry 

Occupational group

Construction 

and 

extraction 

Healthcare 

support

Protective 

service 

Food 

preparation 

and serving 

related

Building and 

grounds 

cleaning and 

maintenance 

Personal 

care and 

service 

Sales and 

related 

Office and 

administrative 

support 

Farming, 

fishing, 

and 

forestry 
Table 3. Hourly mean wage rates by industry and occupational group 

 All industries ............................. $46.22 $30.01 $34.71 $33.11 $29.82 $19.49 $42.53 $22.41 $

Agriculture, forestry, fishing,

 and hunting.................................... 38.32 26.41 27.05 28.82 21.60 (1) (1) 40.35 

Mining............................................... 51.80 32.14 34.10 41.82 39.20 (1) 46.81 (1) 

Utilities.............................................. 51.99 33.05 35.01 35.18 33.27 (1) 54.10 (1) Construction..................................... 46.54 29.35 29.67 31.00 28.90 18.68 45.65 24.79 Manufacturing.................................. 51.66 29.65 38.12 33.88 30.10 21.04 56.94 29.22 

Wholesale trade................................ 54.83 29.79 35.74 33.42 33.29 19.06 57.03 23.89 

Retail trade....................................... 42.13 25.17 26.59 30.01 27.55 18.41 25.71 16.41 Transportation and warehousing..... 42.12 28.32 31.62 32.67 30.23 20.16 52.15 23.45 

Information....................................... 57.30 32.36 35.94 34.04 35.82 18.59 57.52 19.44 Finance and insurance..................... 54.93 31.56 35.33 38.24 32.06 21.32 35.76 24.68 

Real estate and rental and leasing.................................. 33.82 28.53 29.48 33.34 26.16 17.18 33.61 19.20 Professional, scientific, and  technical services........................... 59.72 34.27 36.91 32.27 30.70 21.67 45.10 27.80 Management of companies 

 and enterprises.............................. 55.65 31.24 34.79 36.83 33.56 18.60 54.14 18.84 Administrative and support  and waste management

 and remediation services................ 45.46 27.95 31.51 30.28 26.58 17.03 32.16 19.78 

Educational services......................... 40.61 25.98 25.51 28.82 25.01 25.33 42.20 23.26 Health care and social assistance...................................... 38.03 24.80 28.05 29.01 32.26 17.07 34.80 12.57 Arts, entertainment, and  recreation....................................... 40.37 29.77 26.26 37.10 22.98 15.98 56.44 19.05 Accommodation and food services.......................................... 27.30 21.84 26.34 29.44 23.77 14.12 46.34 13.99 Other services (except

 public administration)...................... 39.63 25.25 28.55 31.74 27.02 18.13 40.15 14.75 

Federal, state, and local

government.................................... 37.47 28.44 32.40 33.47 29.07 21.24 37.21 20.07 

 See footnote at end of table.

Industry 

Occupational group

Management

Business 

and 

financial 

operations 

Computer and 

mathematical 

science

Architecture 

and 

engineering 

Life, 

physical, 

and social 

science 

Community 

and social 

services 

Legal 

Education, 

training, and 

library 

Arts, de

entertai

sports

med
Table 3. Hourly mean wage rates by industry and occupational group—Continued 

 All industries ............................. $18.63 $9.35 $11.33 $11.53 $16.94 $15.00 $10.89 $19.53 $

Agriculture, forestry, fishing,

 and hunting.................................... 11.53 (

1

) 12.16 12.36 23.50 12.81 10.08 16.15 

Mining............................................... (

1

) 11.53 10.98 (

1

) 30.91 16.05 (

1

) 19.43 

Utilities.............................................. 21.09 (

1

) 15.28 (

1

) 25.99 18.83 13.23 25.07 

Construction..................................... 13.84 9.90 12.15 11.32 27.67 15.30 12.42 19.66 Manufacturing.................................. 15.85 9.75 11.97 13.76 28.49 16.32 12.12 19.87 

Wholesale trade................................ 14.29 9.50 11.38 12.05 29.05 15.07 10.48 19.40 

Retail trade....................................... 13.14 9.93 10.21 9.55 11.89 11.72 10.27 17.43 Transportation and warehousing..... 16.75 12.67 17.00 23.76 25.19 18.02 13.57 21.64 

Information....................................... 15.58 8.21 11.49 9.18 23.87 16.71 (

1

) 23.56 

Finance and insurance..................... 18.93 11.96 11.24 14.30 32.40 15.36 12.83 20.04 

Real estate and rental and leasing.................................. 13.54 9.81 11.55 12.09 18.43 14.32 11.43 19.99 Professional, scientific, and  technical services........................... 19.42 10.95 11.80 9.98 29.61 16.34 11.59 22.91 Management of companies 

 and enterprises.............................. 17.26 11.75 12.53 11.91 27.69 16.98 16.34 23.35 Administrative and support  and waste management

 and remediation services................ 11.62 9.94 11.02 10.83 16.48 13.50 11.58 15.78 

Educational services......................... 15.00 10.34 13.15 11.41 17.19 14.93 14.21 21.46 Health care and social assistance...................................... 13.97 10.33 10.58 9.60 17.37 14.50 10.55 21.93 Arts, entertainment, and  recreation....................................... 11.31 10.06 11.37 11.89 11.55 13.30 11.43 22.56 Accommodation and food services.......................................... 11.93 9.14 9.67 11.09 9.54 11.60 11.72 20.34 Other services (except

 public administration)...................... 10.62 9.40 10.96 12.00 13.84 13.61 13.41 19.99 

Federal, state, and local

government.................................... 22.78 12.18 14.00 12.01 14.95 16.62 16.73 19.32 

 1 Data not available.

Industry 

Occupational group

Protective 

service 

Food 

preparation 

and serving 

related

Building and 

grounds 

cleaning and 

maintenance 

Personal 

care and 

service 

Sales and 

related 

Construction 

and 

extraction 

Installa

mainten

and re

Farming, 

fishing, 

and 

forestry 

Office and 

administrative 

support 
Table 4. Employment and wages for loan officers by industry

Hourly Annual

Total, all industries 1 ................................................................ 356,990 100.0 $30.10 $62,610

Depository credit intermediation .................................................. 131,860 36.9 28.43 59,130

Nondepository credit intermediation............................................. 120,820 33.8 31.09 64,670

Activities related to credit intermediation...................................... 66,080 18.5 30.76 63,980

Management of companies and enterprises................................ 9,710 2.7 31.28 65,050

Insurance carriers ........................................................................ 5,330 1.5 30.82 64,110

 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

Hourly Annual 25th 75th

Depository credit intermediation (NAICS 522100):

Tellers............................................................................................. 545,470 30.4 $11.32 $23,550 $9.61 $12.82

Loan officers .................................................................................. 131,860 7.4 28.43 59,130 18.47 34.58 

First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative

support workers ........................................................................ 114,390 6.4 21.75 45,240 16.48 25.29 

Customer service representatives ................................................ 105,040 5.9 14.71 30,590 11.97 17.04 

New accounts clerks ..................................................................... 79,520 4.4 14.56 30,280 12.12 16.86 

Loan interviewers and clerks......................................................... 79,100 4.4 15.62 32,490 12.40 18.38 

Financial managers........................................................................ 75,520 4.2 42.37 88,130 26.26 52.56 

Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks.............................. 60,050 3.3 14.45 30,050 11.40 16.97 

Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents...... 51,880 2.9 28.99 60,300 16.74 35.36 

Office clerks, general..................................................................... 33,020 1.8 12.86 26,750 9.99 15.08 

Percentiles

Mean wages

Occupation Employment

Percent of 

industry 

employment

Mean wages

 Percent of 

occupational 

employment 

 Industry Employment 

Table 5. National employment and wages for the 10 largest occupations in the depository credit intermediation industry
Table 6. Highest and lowest paying states by selected occupations 

New York ............................................... $66.20 52,950 Oklahoma .................................... $35.62 5,740

New Jersey ............................................ 59.82 19,940 Mississippi.................................... 34.60 2,870

Delaware ............................................... 56.21 1,950 Montana ....................................... 33.98 800

California ............................................... 55.40 67,680 Idaho ........................................... 32.96 2,730

Minnesota .............................................. 54.83 11,720 West Virginia................................ 32.02 1,440

Alaska .................................................... $41.77 430 West Virginia ............................... $24.13 990

Massachusetts ....................................... 38.78 7,380 Wyoming...................................... 23.83 660

California ............................................... 36.58 44,590 South Dakota ............................... 23.48 1,540

Rhode Island ......................................... 36.01 2,010 Kentucky ...................................... 23.17 4,680

Hawaii .................................................... 35.53 910 Louisiana ..................................... 20.73 4,980

California ............................................... $18.56 32,840 West Virginia ............................... $12.43 570

Alaska .................................................... 18.55 290 Louisiana...................................... 12.41 2,900

District of Columbia................................ 18.09 (

1

) New Mexico.................................. 12.27 1,680

Washington............................................ 17.80 5,070 Utah ............................................. 12.18 4,860

Minnesota............................................... 17.79 5,520 Wyoming ..................................... 12.11 360

Alaska .................................................... $21.48 3,690 South Dakota ............................... $10.95 2,580

New York ............................................... 21.28 46,520 New Mexico ................................. 10.83 11,840

Hawaii .................................................... 21.28 5,620 Alabama ..................................... 10.77 15,350

New Jersey ............................................ 21.09 20,730 Mississippi ................................... 10.48 6,900

Massachusetts ....................................... 20.67 14,710 Texas ........................................... 10.38 119,560

Highest paying Lowest paying

State

Hourly 

mean 

wage

Employment State

Hourly 

mean 

wage

Employment

Financial managers

 1

 Estimate not released.

Loan officers

Loan interviewers and clerks

Construction laborers
Table 7. Highest and lowest paying metropolitan areas by selected occupations 

Highest paying Lowest paying

Metropolitan area 

Hourly 

mean 

wage

Employment Metropolitan area

Hourly 

mean 

wage

Employment

Financial managers

New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Lewiston, ID-WA ......................... $28.66 110

Island, NY-NJ-PA ................................ $68.22 58,080 Hattiesburg, MS ........................... 27.84 100

Midland, TX ........................................... 66.35 380 Danville, IL ................................... 27.30 40

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA .. 65.00 5,780 Cleveland, TN .............................. 27.28 260

San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA ... 62.68 13,460 Pocatello, ID ................................ 27.18 130

Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT.......... 61.60 4,170

Loan officers

Fort Collins-Loveland, CO ..................... $48.22 270 Rocky Mount, NC ........................ $18.13 120

Anchorage, AK ...................................... 45.33 300 Pocatello, ID ................................ 18.09 130

Flagstaff, AZ .......................................... 43.33 100 Lake Charles, LA ......................... 17.84 190

Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA ... 42.64 900 Idaho Falls, ID ............................. 17.27 200

Savannah, GA ....................................... 40.92 230 Lewiston, ID-WA ......................... 17.13 50

Loan interviewers and clerks

Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA .................. $22.65 130 Missoula, MT................................ $10.91 80

Sacramento—Arden-Arcade— Owensboro, KY............................ 10.52 180

Roseville, CA ...................................... 21.27 2,970 Hinesville-Fort Stewart, GA ......... 10.45 30

San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA ... 19.81 4,230 Weirton-Steubenville, WV-OH ..... 9.97 40

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA .. 19.38 1,130 Alexandria, LA ............................. 9.79 110

Reno-Sparks, NV.................................... 19.33 280

Construction laborers

Leominster-Fitchburg-Gardner, MA ....... $23.91 430 Wichita Falls, TX ......................... $9.09 560

Anchorage, AK ...................................... 23.27 1,820 Jacksonville, NC .......................... 9.09 510

New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Florence, SC ............................... 9.08 680

Island, NY-NJ-PA ................................ 23.20 43,580 McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX .... 8.71 2,470

Bloomington-Normal, IL ......................... 22.83 360 Laredo, TX ................................... 8.41 490

Minneapolis-St. Paul- Brownsville-Harlingen, TX ........... 8.23 1,070

Bloomington, MN-WI ........................... 22.26 5,850