Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-12-0402 

8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, March 9, 2012 

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — FEBRUARY 2012 

(NOTE: Data published in this release for women employees in the Government and 

Total nonfarm industries are erroneous. Errors are found in Summary table B and table 

B-5. Additional information is available at www.bls.gov/bls/ceswomen_usps.htm.)

Nonfarm payroll employment rose by 227,000 in February, and the unemployment rate was 

unchanged at 8.3 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment rose in 

professional and businesses services, health care and social assistance, leisure and hospitality, 

manufacturing, and mining. 

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Feb-10 M ay-10 A ug-10 No v-10 Feb-11 M ay-11 A ug-11 No v-11 Feb-12

Thousands

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month 

change, seasonally adjusted, February 2010 –

February 2012

Percent

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

Feb-10 May-10 Aug-10 No v-10 Feb-11 M ay-11 Aug-11 No v-11 Feb-12

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

February 2010 – February 2012

Household Survey Data 

The number of unemployed persons, at 12.8 million, was essentially unchanged in February. The 

unemployment rate held at 8.3 percent, 0.8 percentage point below the August 2011 rate. 

(See table A-1.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (7.7 percent), adult women 

(7.7 percent), teenagers (23.8 percent), whites (7.3 percent), blacks (14.1 percent), and Hispanics (10.7 
- 2 - 

percent) showed little or no change in February. The jobless rate for Asians was 6.3 percent, not 

seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks and over) was little changed at 5.4 

million in February. These individuals accounted for 42.6 percent of the unemployed. (See table A-12.) 

Both the labor force and employment rose in February. The civilian labor force participation rate, at 

63.9 percent, and the employment-population ratio, at 58.6 percent, edged up over the month. (See 

table A-1.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as 

involuntary part-time workers) was essentially unchanged at 8.1 million in February. These individuals 

were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a 

full-time job. (See table A-8.) 

In February, 2.6 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, essentially unchanged 

from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, 

wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They 

were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the 

survey. (See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 1.0 million discouraged workers in February, about the 

same as a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not 

currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.6 

million persons marginally attached to the labor force in February had not searched for work in the 4 

weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table 

A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 227,000 in February. Private-sector employment grew by 

233,000, with job gains in professional and business services, health care and social assistance, leisure 

and hospitality, manufacturing, and mining. (See table B-1.) 

Professional and business services added 82,000 jobs in February. Just over half of the increase 

occurred in temporary help services (+45,000). Job gains also occurred in computer systems design 

(+10,000) and in management and technical consulting services (+7,000). Employment in professional 

and business services has grown by 1.4 million since a recent low point in September 2009. 

Health care and social assistance employment rose by 61,000 over the month. Within health care, 

ambulatory care services added 28,000 jobs, and hospital employment increased by 15,000. Over the 

past 12 months, health care employment has risen by 360,000. In February, social assistance 

employment edged up (+12,000). 

In February, employment in leisure and hospitality increased by 44,000, with nearly all of the increase 

in food services and drinking places (+41,000). Since a recent low in February 2010, food services has 

added 531,000 jobs. 
- 3 - 

Manufacturing employment rose by 31,000 in February. All of the increase occurred in durable goods 

manufacturing, with job gains in fabricated metal products (+11,000), transportation equipment 

(+8,000), machinery (+5,000), and furniture and related products (+3,000). Durable goods 

manufacturing has added 444,000 jobs since a recent trough in January 2010. 

In February, mining added 7,000 jobs, with most of the gain in support activities for mining (+5,000). 

Since a recent low in October 2009, mining employment has increased by 180,000. 

Construction employment changed little in February, after 2 consecutive months of job gains. Over the 

month, employment fell by 14,000 in nonresidential specialty trade contractors. 

Overall, employment in retail trade changed little in February. A large job loss in general merchandise 

stores (-35,000) more than offset an increase in January (+23,000). Employment in motor vehicle and 

parts dealers continued to trend up in February. 

Government employment was essentially unchanged in January and February. In 2011, government lost 

an average of 22,000 jobs per month. 

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.5 hours in 

February. The manufacturing workweek edged up by 0.1 hour to 41.0 hours, and factory overtime was 

unchanged at 3.4 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on 

private nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1 hour to 33.8 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

In February, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 3 cents, or 

0.1 percent, to $23.31. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by 1.9 percent. 

In February, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees rose 

by 3 cents, or 0.2 percent, to $19.64. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for December was revised from +203,000 to +223,000, 

and the change for January was revised from +243,000 to +284,000. 

______________ 

The Employment Situation for March is scheduled to be released on Friday, April 6, 2012, at 

8:30 a.m. (EDT). 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

Change from:

Jan. 2012-

Feb. 2012

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population............................................ 238,851 240,584 242,269 242,435 166

Civilian labor force............................................................ 153,302 153,887 154,395 154,871 476

Participation rate........................................................... 64.2 64.0 63.7 63.9 0.2

Employed.................................................................... 139,551 140,790 141,637 142,065 428

Employment-population ratio........................................... 58.4 58.5 58.5 58.6 0.1

Unemployed................................................................. 13,751 13,097 12,758 12,806 48

Unemployment rate..................................................... 9.0 8.5 8.3 8.3 0.0

Not in labor force............................................................. 85,550 86,697 87,874 87,564 -310

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over....................................................... 9.0 8.5 8.3 8.3 0.0

Adult men (20 years and over).............................................. 8.8 8.0 7.7 7.7 0.0

Adult women (20 years and over).......................................... 7.9 7.9 7.7 7.7 0.0

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................. 23.9 23.1 23.2 23.8 0.6

White........................................................................... 8.0 7.5 7.4 7.3 -0.1

Black or African American................................................... 15.4 15.8 13.6 14.1 0.5

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................. 6.8 6.8 6.7 6.3 –

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.................................................. 11.6 11.0 10.5 10.7 0.2

Total, 25 years and over....................................................... 7.6 7.2 7.0 7.0 0.0

Less than a high school diploma........................................... 13.7 13.8 13.1 12.9 -0.2

High school graduates, no college......................................... 9.5 8.7 8.4 8.3 -0.1

Some college or associate degree......................................... 7.8 7.7 7.2 7.3 0.1

Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................... 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.2 0.0

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs................... 8,337 7,602 7,321 7,209 -112

Job leavers....................................................................... 904 953 939 1,031 92

Reentrants........................................................................ 3,354 3,399 3,325 3,361 36

New entrants..................................................................... 1,315 1,280 1,253 1,392 139

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks.............................................................. 2,408 2,669 2,486 2,541 55

5 to 14 weeks.................................................................... 3,080 2,858 2,884 2,807 -77

15 to 26 weeks.................................................................. 2,195 2,039 1,980 1,971 -9

27 weeks and over.............................................................. 6,014 5,588 5,518 5,426 -92

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons............................................... 8,383 8,098 8,230 8,119 -111

Slack work or business conditions.......................................... 5,661 5,305 5,372 5,446 74

Could only find part-time work.............................................. 2,410 2,419 2,551 2,404 -147

Part time for noneconomic reasons........................................... 18,280 18,372 18,636 18,827 191

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force........................................ 2,730 2,540 2,809 2,608 –

Discouraged workers......................................................... 1,020 945 1,059 1,006 –

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 223 284 227

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 234 285 233

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 62 83 24

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 8 10 6

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 26 21 -13

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 28 52 31

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 30 42 31

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 7.4 7.7 5.6

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 -2 10 0

Private service-providing1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 172 202 209

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.8 14.7 14.5 8.4

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 6.8 26.1 -7.4

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.1 5.1 16.1 10.6

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -4 1 -20 -1

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 5 -1 6

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 72 76 82

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.8 18.7 32.1 45.2

Education and health services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 33 37 71

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.1 29.5 43.0 61.1

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 28 46 44

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 6 7 -6

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -37 -11 -1 -6

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.5 49.3 49.3 49.3

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.1 47.8 47.8 47.8

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.4 82.5 82.6 82.7

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 34.5 34.5 34.5

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 22.88 $ 23.25 $ 23.28 $ 23.31

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $784.78 $802.13 $803.16 $804.20

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.2 95.3 95.5 95.7

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.7 105.6 106.0 106.4

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS

PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.6 33.7 33.7 33.8

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 19.33 $ 19.59 $ 19.61 $ 19.64

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $649.49 $660.18 $660.86 $663.83

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.4 102.4 102.7 103.3

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.6

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.6 134.1 134.6 135.6

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.9 0.3 0.4 0.7

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private (266 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.8 63.7 70.3 57.9

Manufacturing (81 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.9 64.8 73.5 56.8

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing

industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance

between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data published in this release for women employees in the Government and Total nonfarm industries are erroneeous. Additional information is available at 

www.bls.gov/bls/ceswomen_usps.htm. 
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment 

and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller 

margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of 

its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically 

significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the 

household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than 

the establishment survey because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural 

workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household 

survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. 

Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it 

is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not 

collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify 

the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born. 

Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. 

The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information 

on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm. 

Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with 

fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the 

total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled 

to achieve that goal. 

Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment 

change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that 

forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the 

net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The 
 

establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not 

immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth 

of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new 

businesses to the survey twice a year. 

Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance 

benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who 

are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People 

on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or 

question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including 

those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In 

addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and 

other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in The Employment 

Situation news release. 

How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? 

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. 

Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay for 

holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but 

not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off 

work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such as 

those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment, employees have to 

be off work without pay for the entire pay period. About half of all employees in the payroll survey have 

a 2-week, semi-monthly, or monthly pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay 

period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to quantify the 

effect of extreme weather on estimates of employment from the establishment survey. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of the 

month. Persons who miss the entire week’s work for weather-related events are counted as employed 

whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the number of 

persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours, or had a job but were not at work the entire 

week, due to bad weather. Current and historical data are available on the household survey’s most 

requested statistics page at http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln. 
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household 

survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey 

(CES; establishment survey). The household survey 

provides information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked 

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 

60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census 

Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the CES program 

surveys about 141,000 businesses and government 

agencies, representing approximately 486,000 individual 

worksites, in order to provide detailed industry data on 

employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm 

payrolls. The active sample includes approximately onethird of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that 

contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment 

survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 

12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the 

calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment 

sometime during the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting 

recall need not be looking for work to be counted as 

unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the 

household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for 

or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or 

unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment 

rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor 

force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force 

as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. 

Additional information about the household survey can be 

found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are 

counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are 

produced for the private sector for all employees and for 

production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and 

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and 

logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal activity in accordance with the 2012 

version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/#technical. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between 

the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from 

the surveys. Among these are: 

 The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, the self-employed, unpaid family 

workers, and private household workers among the 

employed. These groups are excluded from the 

establishment survey. 

 The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not. 

 The household survey is limited to workers 16 

years of age and older. The establishment survey is 

not limited by age. 

 The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance. 

 
Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, 

and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal 

developments, such as declines in employment or increases 

in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to 

spot. For example, in the household survey, the large 

number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely 

to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative 

to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of 

economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the 

establishment survey, payroll employment in education 

declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term 

and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the 

underlying employment trends in the industry. Because 

seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of 

the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be 

adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more 

discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more 

useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-tomonth economic activity. 

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, 

such as total payroll employment, employment in most 

major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are 

computed by aggregating independently adjusted 

component series. For example, total unemployment is 

derived by summing the adjusted series for four major agesex components; this differs from the unemployment 

estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the 

total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more 

detailed age categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling 

error. When a sample rather than the entire population is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the "true" population values they represent. The 

exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the 

particular sample selected, and this variability is measured 

by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate 

based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard 

errors from the "true" population value because of sampling 

error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the 

establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 

100,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment 

increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-

percent confidence interval on the monthly change would 

range from -50,000 to +150,000 (50,000 +/- 100,000). 

These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by 

these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent 

chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within 

this interval. Since this range includes values of less than 

zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm 

employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, 

the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then 

all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval 

would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least 

a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, 

risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 

percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly 

change in unemployment as measured by the household 

survey is about +/- 280,000, and for the monthly change in 

the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.19 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, 

such as for quarterly and annual averages. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all 

respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide correct information on a timely 

basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in 

the collection or processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates 

for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete 

returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled 

preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive 

revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample 

reports have been received, that the estimate is considered 

final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 

account for business births. The first component excludes 
employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment 

gains from business births. This is incorporated into the 

sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting 

sample units going out of business, but imputing to them 

the same employment trend as the other firms in the 

sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net 

birth/death employment. 

The second component is an ARIMA time series 

model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death 

employment not accounted for by the imputation. The 

historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA 

model was derived from the unemployment insurance 

universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual 

residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough 

proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also 

incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over 

the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total 

nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a 

range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Feb.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238,851 242,269 242,435 238,851 240,269 240,441 240,584 242,269 242,435

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152,635 153,485 154,114 153,302 154,057 153,937 153,887 154,395 154,871

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.9 63.4 63.6 64.2 64.1 64.0 64.0 63.7 63.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138,093 139,944 140,684 139,551 140,297 140,614 140,790 141,637 142,065

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.8 57.8 58.0 58.4 58.4 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,542 13,541 13,430 13,751 13,759 13,323 13,097 12,758 12,806

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5 8.8 8.7 9.0 8.9 8.7 8.5 8.3 8.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86,216 88,784 88,322 85,550 86,213 86,503 86,697 87,874 87,564

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,405 6,495 6,376 6,416 6,407 6,595 6,385 6,319 6,378

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,907 116,808 116,896 115,907 116,664 116,755 116,832 116,808 116,896

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,360 81,298 81,609 81,737 82,199 82,341 82,373 82,070 82,165

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.2 69.6 69.8 70.5 70.5 70.5 70.5 70.3 70.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,796 73,772 74,035 74,053 74,492 74,975 75,235 75,288 75,318

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.8 63.2 63.3 63.9 63.9 64.2 64.4 64.5 64.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,564 7,526 7,573 7,683 7,707 7,366 7,138 6,781 6,846

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.5 9.3 9.3 9.4 9.4 8.9 8.7 8.3 8.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,548 35,510 35,288 34,171 34,465 34,414 34,459 34,739 34,732

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107,292 108,087 108,188 107,292 108,104 108,203 108,290 108,087 108,188

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,672 78,710 78,986 78,832 79,291 79,440 79,436 79,234 79,317

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.3 72.8 73.0 73.5 73.3 73.4 73.4 73.3 73.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,842 71,892 72,152 71,901 72,379 72,846 73,080 73,170 73,240

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.0 66.5 66.7 67.0 67.0 67.3 67.5 67.7 67.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,829 6,818 6,834 6,931 6,912 6,594 6,356 6,064 6,077

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.0 8.7 8.7 8.8 8.7 8.3 8.0 7.7 7.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,620 29,377 29,201 28,460 28,813 28,763 28,854 28,853 28,870

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,944 125,461 125,539 122,944 123,605 123,686 123,753 125,461 125,539

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,275 72,187 72,505 71,565 71,858 71,596 71,514 72,326 72,706

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.0 57.5 57.8 58.2 58.1 57.9 57.8 57.6 57.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,297 66,172 66,648 65,498 65,805 65,639 65,555 66,349 66,747

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.1 52.7 53.1 53.3 53.2 53.1 53.0 52.9 53.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,978 6,015 5,857 6,067 6,052 5,957 5,959 5,977 5,960

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4 8.3 8.1 8.5 8.4 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,668 53,274 53,034 51,379 51,748 52,090 52,238 53,135 52,833

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,714 117,082 117,170 114,714 115,437 115,526 115,602 117,082 117,170

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,728 69,513 69,823 68,818 68,981 68,711 68,748 69,449 69,815

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.9 59.4 59.6 60.0 59.8 59.5 59.5 59.3 59.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,277 64,062 64,486 63,351 63,520 63,352 63,323 64,078 64,454

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.2 54.7 55.0 55.2 55.0 54.8 54.8 54.7 55.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,451 5,451 5,337 5,467 5,461 5,359 5,425 5,370 5,361

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9 7.8 7.6 7.9 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.7 7.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,986 47,569 47,348 45,896 46,457 46,815 46,854 47,634 47,355

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,845 17,100 17,078 16,845 16,728 16,711 16,693 17,100 17,078

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,235 5,262 5,305 5,651 5,785 5,786 5,704 5,713 5,739

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.1 30.8 31.1 33.5 34.6 34.6 34.2 33.4 33.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,974 3,990 4,046 4,299 4,398 4,416 4,387 4,389 4,371

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.6 23.3 23.7 25.5 26.3 26.4 26.3 25.7 25.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,262 1,272 1,259 1,352 1,386 1,370 1,316 1,324 1,367

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.1 24.2 23.7 23.9 24.0 23.7 23.1 23.2 23.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,610 11,837 11,773 11,194 10,943 10,925 10,989 11,387 11,339

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Feb.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192,601 192,600 192,691 192,601 193,493 193,598 193,682 192,600 192,691

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,848 122,750 123,223 124,273 124,804 124,652 124,543 123,579 123,848

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.3 63.7 63.9 64.5 64.5 64.4 64.3 64.2 64.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,066 112,876 113,467 114,294 114,837 115,130 115,254 114,458 114,754

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.7 58.6 58.9 59.3 59.3 59.5 59.5 59.4 59.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,782 9,874 9,755 9,979 9,967 9,522 9,288 9,121 9,094

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 8.0 7.9 8.0 8.0 7.6 7.5 7.4 7.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,752 69,850 69,469 68,328 68,689 68,945 69,139 69,021 68,843

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,866 64,081 64,327 64,976 65,318 65,366 65,373 64,495 64,642

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.8 73.3 73.5 73.9 73.9 73.9 73.8 73.8 73.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,939 58,966 59,266 59,849 60,195 60,605 60,751 60,059 60,245

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.1 67.5 67.8 68.1 68.1 68.5 68.6 68.7 68.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,926 5,115 5,061 5,127 5,123 4,761 4,623 4,436 4,397

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1 8.0 7.9 7.9 7.8 7.3 7.1 6.9 6.8

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,685 54,422 54,660 54,661 54,685 54,520 54,481 54,434 54,609

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.6 58.9 59.1 59.5 59.3 59.1 59.0 58.9 59.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,772 50,602 50,889 50,800 50,880 50,774 50,768 50,729 50,890

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.3 54.7 55.0 55.3 55.1 55.0 55.0 54.9 55.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,913 3,820 3,772 3,860 3,805 3,746 3,713 3,705 3,719

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 7.0 6.9 7.1 7.0 6.9 6.8 6.8 6.8

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,297 4,247 4,235 4,636 4,801 4,766 4,688 4,650 4,596

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.4 33.3 33.3 36.0 37.6 37.3 36.8 36.5 36.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,354 3,308 3,312 3,644 3,761 3,751 3,736 3,670 3,619

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.1 26.0 26.0 28.3 29.4 29.4 29.3 28.8 28.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 943 938 923 992 1,040 1,015 952 980 977

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.9 22.1 21.8 21.4 21.7 21.3 20.3 21.1 21.3

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,976 29,727 29,760 28,976 29,228 29,259 29,286 29,727 29,760

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,680 18,074 18,219 17,823 18,067 17,934 18,110 18,206 18,363

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.0 60.8 61.2 61.5 61.8 61.3 61.8 61.2 61.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,922 15,512 15,651 15,078 15,351 15,151 15,248 15,725 15,769

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.5 52.2 52.6 52.0 52.5 51.8 52.1 52.9 53.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,758 2,561 2,568 2,745 2,716 2,783 2,862 2,482 2,593

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.6 14.2 14.1 15.4 15.0 15.5 15.8 13.6 14.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,296 11,653 11,541 11,153 11,161 11,325 11,176 11,521 11,398

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,014 8,238 8,187 8,050 8,180 8,195 8,272 8,256 8,239

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.9 68.2 67.7 68.2 68.5 68.5 69.0 68.4 68.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,608 7,083 6,942 6,734 6,867 6,851 6,969 7,205 7,064

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.0 58.7 57.4 57.1 57.5 57.3 58.2 59.7 58.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,406 1,155 1,245 1,316 1,313 1,344 1,302 1,052 1,175

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.5 14.0 15.2 16.4 16.0 16.4 15.7 12.7 14.3

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,095 9,230 9,380 9,146 9,262 9,095 9,160 9,287 9,410

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 61.7 62.6 62.8 63.0 61.8 62.2 62.0 62.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,956 8,068 8,272 7,958 8,093 7,911 7,885 8,113 8,240

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.6 53.9 55.2 54.7 55.0 53.7 53.5 54.2 55.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,140 1,162 1,108 1,188 1,169 1,184 1,275 1,174 1,171

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5 12.6 11.8 13.0 12.6 13.0 13.9 12.6 12.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571 605 651 627 625 643 679 663 713

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.8 22.5 24.3 24.0 24.3 25.0 26.5 24.7 26.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358 361 436 386 390 388 393 407 466

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.7 13.4 16.3 14.8 15.2 15.1 15.3 15.2 17.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 244 215 241 234 255 286 255 247

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.2 40.3 33.1 38.4 37.5 39.6 42.1 38.5 34.7

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,345 12,735 12,713 – – – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Feb.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,351 8,158 8,016 – – – – – –

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.8 64.1 63.1 – – – – – –

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,850 7,608 7,508 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.4 59.7 59.1 – – – – – –

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502 549 508 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 6.7 6.3 – – – – – –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,994 4,577 4,696 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Feb.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population.................. 34,079 36,301 36,384 34,079 34,724 34,808 34,885 36,301 36,384

Civilian labor force................................. 22,373 23,949 24,167 22,487 23,253 23,222 23,270 24,045 24,206

Participation rate................................. 65.7 66.0 66.4 66.0 67.0 66.7 66.7 66.2 66.5

Employed......................................... 19,580 21,187 21,407 19,877 20,601 20,574 20,699 21,513 21,628

Employment-population ratio................ 57.5 58.4 58.8 58.3 59.3 59.1 59.3 59.3 59.4

Unemployed...................................... 2,793 2,762 2,760 2,611 2,652 2,648 2,571 2,532 2,579

Unemployment rate........................... 12.5 11.5 11.4 11.6 11.4 11.4 11.0 10.5 10.7

Not in labor force................................... 11,706 12,352 12,218 11,592 11,471 11,586 11,615 12,256 12,178

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 12,844 13,252 13,262 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 81.5 81.2 81.1 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 11,282 11,832 11,881 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 71.6 72.5 72.6 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 1,562 1,421 1,381 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 12.2 10.7 10.4 – – – – – –

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 8,645 9,703 9,836 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 57.9 59.4 60.1 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 7,685 8,609 8,752 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 51.5 52.7 53.4 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 960 1,094 1,085 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 11.1 11.3 11.0 – – – – – –

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................. 884 994 1,068 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 26.1 27.2 29.2 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 613 746 774 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 18.1 20.4 21.2 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 271 248 294 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 30.6 24.9 27.5 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release

of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................... 11,045 11,374 11,119 11,334 11,760 11,713 11,688 11,469 11,488

Participation rate.................................... 44.4 45.3 45.1 45.6 47.4 47.0 46.7 45.6 46.6

Employed............................................ 9,293 9,669 9,469 9,782 10,141 10,161 10,080 9,968 10,006

Employment-population ratio................... 37.4 38.5 38.4 39.4 40.8 40.8 40.3 39.7 40.6

Unemployed......................................... 1,752 1,705 1,650 1,552 1,619 1,552 1,608 1,501 1,483

Unemployment rate.............................. 15.9 15.0 14.8 13.7 13.8 13.3 13.8 13.1 12.9

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................... 37,806 37,002 37,011 37,549 37,368 37,089 36,902 36,850 36,799

Participation rate.................................... 60.7 59.8 59.3 60.3 60.5 60.3 59.8 59.6 59.0

Employed............................................ 33,750 33,494 33,589 33,971 33,828 33,807 33,684 33,737 33,761

Employment-population ratio................... 54.2 54.2 53.9 54.6 54.8 54.9 54.5 54.6 54.1

Unemployed......................................... 4,056 3,508 3,422 3,578 3,540 3,282 3,218 3,113 3,039

Unemployment rate.............................. 10.7 9.5 9.2 9.5 9.5 8.8 8.7 8.4 8.3

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................... 36,928 37,240 37,485 36,691 36,984 36,816 37,024 37,214 37,282

Participation rate.................................... 69.7 69.3 69.5 69.3 69.2 68.5 69.1 69.2 69.1

Employed............................................ 33,916 34,435 34,669 33,847 33,941 34,009 34,167 34,525 34,571

Employment-population ratio................... 64.0 64.0 64.3 63.9 63.5 63.3 63.7 64.2 64.1

Unemployed......................................... 3,012 2,804 2,817 2,844 3,043 2,807 2,857 2,689 2,711

Unemployment rate.............................. 8.2 7.5 7.5 7.8 8.2 7.6 7.7 7.2 7.3

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................... 46,520 47,510 47,841 46,624 47,006 47,117 47,131 47,481 47,890

Participation rate.................................... 76.8 75.7 76.3 76.9 75.8 75.9 76.0 75.6 76.4

Employed............................................ 44,495 45,402 45,808 44,613 44,960 45,058 45,201 45,492 45,875

Employment-population ratio................... 73.4 72.3 73.0 73.6 72.5 72.6 72.9 72.4 73.1

Unemployed......................................... 2,025 2,108 2,034 2,012 2,046 2,059 1,930 1,989 2,015

Unemployment rate.............................. 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.1 4.2 4.2

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

Feb.

2011

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Feb.

2012

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,763 21,315 19,967 19,506 1,796 1,809

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,427 11,101 10,250 9,961 1,177 1,140

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.5 52.1 51.3 51.1 65.5 63.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,376 10,324 9,301 9,246 1,075 1,078

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.7 48.4 46.6 47.4 59.8 59.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,051 777 949 715 102 61

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 7.0 9.3 7.2 8.7 5.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,336 10,214 9,717 9,545 619 669

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,337 2,524 1,920 2,092 417 432

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,906 2,025 1,607 1,726 300 299

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.6 80.2 83.7 82.5 71.9 69.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,667 1,870 1,394 1,594 274 277

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.3 74.1 72.6 76.2 65.6 64.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 154 213 132 26 22

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5 7.6 13.3 7.6 8.7 7.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431 499 313 366 117 133

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,939 3,077 2,485 2,572 454 505

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,477 2,581 2,126 2,198 351 383

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.3 83.9 85.6 85.5 77.2 75.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,280 2,432 1,954 2,072 326 360

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.6 79.0 78.6 80.6 71.6 71.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 149 172 126 25 23

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.0 5.8 8.1 5.7 7.2 6.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462 496 359 374 103 122

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,626 10,010 10,295 9,687 331 323

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,701 3,242 3,578 3,122 123 120

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.8 32.4 34.8 32.2 37.0 37.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,385 3,027 3,273 2,908 112 119

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.9 30.2 31.8 30.0 33.8 37.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 215 305 214 11 0

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 6.6 8.5 6.9 8.7 0.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,925 6,768 6,717 6,565 209 203

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,861 5,704 5,267 5,156 594 549

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,344 3,253 2,940 2,916 404 338

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.0 57.0 55.8 56.5 68.0 61.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,044 2,995 2,680 2,673 364 322

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.9 52.5 50.9 51.8 61.3 58.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 258 259 243 40 15

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0 7.9 8.8 8.3 9.9 4.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,517 2,451 2,328 2,240 190 211

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208,204 212,182 91,410 92,771 116,794 119,411

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,606 141,354 70,315 70,803 69,292 70,551

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.1 66.6 76.9 76.3 59.3 59.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,562 129,189 62,932 64,235 63,630 64,953

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.8 60.9 68.8 69.2 54.5 54.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,044 12,165 7,382 6,568 5,662 5,597

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3 8.6 10.5 9.3 8.2 7.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,598 70,828 21,096 21,968 47,502 48,860

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S.

Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August

2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time

periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and

another period are classified only in the wartime period. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Feb.

2011

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Feb.

2012

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population....................................................... 27,179 27,822 211,672 214,613

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 5,592 5,542 147,043 148,572

Participation rate...................................................................... 20.6 19.9 69.5 69.2

Employed.............................................................................. 4,730 4,665 133,363 136,019

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 17.4 16.8 63.0 63.4

Unemployed........................................................................... 862 878 13,680 12,552

Unemployment rate................................................................ 15.4 15.8 9.3 8.4

Not in labor force........................................................................ 21,587 22,280 64,629 66,042

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,510 2,458 74,988 74,926

Participation rate...................................................................... 34.2 32.9 82.2 82.1

Employed.............................................................................. 2,085 2,006 67,091 68,058

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 28.4 26.8 73.5 74.5

Unemployed........................................................................... 425 452 7,897 6,868

Unemployment rate................................................................ 16.9 18.4 10.5 9.2

Not in labor force........................................................................ 4,839 5,013 16,280 16,378

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,203 2,194 65,944 66,900

Participation rate...................................................................... 29.3 28.1 70.7 70.7

Employed.............................................................................. 1,834 1,843 60,526 61,625

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 24.3 23.6 64.9 65.1

Unemployed........................................................................... 370 352 5,418 5,276

Unemployment rate................................................................ 16.8 16.0 8.2 7.9

Not in labor force........................................................................ 5,328 5,617 27,357 27,719

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 879 890 6,110 6,746

Participation rate...................................................................... 7.1 7.1 22.5 23.5

Employed.............................................................................. 811 816 5,746 6,337

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 6.6 6.5 21.2 22.1

Unemployed........................................................................... 67 74 365 409

Unemployment rate................................................................ 7.7 8.3 6.0 6.1

Not in labor force........................................................................ 11,421 11,650 20,992 21,945

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing

even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition;

has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or

shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

Feb.

2011

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Feb.

2012

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 36,026 37,463 17,781 18,237 18,245 19,226

Civilian labor force................................................... 23,958 24,826 14,061 14,310 9,897 10,516

Participation rate................................................... 66.5 66.3 79.1 78.5 54.2 54.7

Employed........................................................... 21,614 22,470 12,673 13,001 8,942 9,469

Employment-population ratio.................................. 60.0 60.0 71.3 71.3 49.0 49.3

Unemployed........................................................ 2,344 2,356 1,388 1,309 956 1,047

Unemployment rate............................................. 9.8 9.5 9.9 9.1 9.7 10.0

Not in labor force..................................................... 12,068 12,636 3,720 3,927 8,348 8,710

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 202,825 204,973 98,126 98,660 104,698 106,313

Civilian labor force................................................... 128,676 129,288 67,299 67,299 61,378 61,989

Participation rate................................................... 63.4 63.1 68.6 68.2 58.6 58.3

Employed........................................................... 116,478 118,214 60,123 61,035 56,355 57,179

Employment-population ratio.................................. 57.4 57.7 61.3 61.9 53.8 53.8

Unemployed........................................................ 12,198 11,074 7,176 6,264 5,023 4,810

Unemployment rate............................................. 9.5 8.6 10.7 9.3 8.2 7.8

Not in labor force..................................................... 74,148 75,685 30,828 31,361 43,321 44,324

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or

one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the

United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................... 2,097 2,042 2,030 2,247 2,257 2,262 2,349 2,208 2,185

Wage and salary workers1....................... 1,233 1,259 1,238 1,337 1,317 1,359 1,429 1,376 1,353

Self-employed workers, unincorporated......... 849 765 767 901 864 849 874 800 814

Unpaid family workers............................. 15 18 26 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries............................ 135,996 137,902 138,654 137,388 138,167 138,304 138,411 139,491 139,945

Wage and salary workers1

....................... 127,336 129,299 130,204 128,610 129,531 129,604 129,662 130,569 131,365

Government...................................... 20,985 20,519 20,772 20,874 20,516 20,434 20,616 20,583 20,617

Private industries................................ 106,351 108,780 109,432 107,731 108,977 109,159 109,064 109,966 110,778

Private households............................ 688 569 621 – – – – – –

Other industries............................... 105,663 108,211 108,811 107,003 108,177 108,485 108,407 109,353 110,138

Self-employed workers, unincorporated......... 8,573 8,491 8,343 8,666 8,553 8,628 8,587 8,769 8,477

Unpaid family workers............................. 87 112 106 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3................... 8,749 8,918 8,455 8,383 8,790 8,469 8,098 8,230 8,119

Slack work or business conditions............... 6,051 6,025 5,790 5,661 5,839 5,578 5,305 5,372 5,446

Could only find part-time work.................... 2,402 2,479 2,338 2,410 2,538 2,496 2,419 2,551 2,404

Part time for noneconomic reasons4.............. 18,669 18,958 19,358 18,280 18,401 18,363 18,372 18,636 18,827

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3

................... 8,633 8,747 8,302 8,293 8,664 8,358 7,952 8,083 7,988

Slack work or business conditions............... 5,974 5,922 5,694 5,595 5,762 5,502 5,199 5,278 5,356

Could only find part-time work.................... 2,388 2,464 2,313 2,376 2,566 2,518 2,423 2,563 2,365

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 18,321 18,596 18,980 17,930 18,003 17,941 17,969 18,298 18,399

1 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the

entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions,

inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training,

retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during

the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138,093 139,944 140,684 139,551 140,297 140,614 140,790 141,637 142,065

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,974 3,990 4,046 4,299 4,398 4,416 4,387 4,389 4,371

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,155 1,160 1,171 1,312 1,436 1,413 1,304 1,333 1,337

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,819 2,830 2,875 2,990 2,970 2,995 3,060 3,064 3,050

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134,119 135,954 136,638 135,252 135,899 136,198 136,403 137,248 137,694

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,664 12,953 13,104 12,949 13,346 13,200 13,195 13,335 13,395

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121,455 123,000 123,534 122,228 122,521 122,973 123,234 123,901 124,243

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93,017 93,271 93,346 93,734 93,356 93,708 93,882 93,991 94,056

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,110 29,995 30,190 30,398 30,562 30,743 30,771 30,367 30,483

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,156 30,394 30,421 30,402 30,094 30,222 30,271 30,614 30,638

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,751 32,883 32,734 32,935 32,700 32,743 32,841 33,009 32,935

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,437 29,729 30,188 28,494 29,165 29,264 29,352 29,910 30,187

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,796 73,772 74,035 74,053 74,492 74,975 75,235 75,288 75,318

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,953 1,880 1,883 2,153 2,113 2,129 2,155 2,118 2,079

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 562 524 554 664 662 654 635 620 650

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,391 1,357 1,329 1,485 1,449 1,465 1,501 1,487 1,424

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,842 71,892 72,152 71,901 72,379 72,846 73,080 73,170 73,240

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,513 6,685 6,622 6,712 7,081 6,980 6,998 7,003 6,851

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,329 65,207 65,530 65,162 65,331 65,853 66,084 66,169 66,376

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,491 49,592 49,622 50,218 49,901 50,368 50,528 50,358 50,382

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,347 16,120 16,195 16,620 16,668 16,895 16,885 16,440 16,498

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,240 16,357 16,342 16,465 16,240 16,370 16,422 16,573 16,564

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,904 17,116 17,084 17,132 16,992 17,102 17,221 17,346 17,319

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,839 15,615 15,909 14,944 15,430 15,485 15,556 15,811 15,994

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,297 66,172 66,648 65,498 65,805 65,639 65,555 66,349 66,747

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,021 2,110 2,163 2,147 2,286 2,287 2,232 2,270 2,293

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593 636 616 647 773 759 669 713 687

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,428 1,474 1,546 1,505 1,521 1,530 1,559 1,577 1,625

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,277 64,062 64,486 63,351 63,520 63,352 63,323 64,078 64,454

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,151 6,268 6,482 6,237 6,265 6,220 6,198 6,332 6,544

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,125 57,794 58,003 57,066 57,190 57,119 57,150 57,732 57,867

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,527 43,679 43,724 43,517 43,455 43,340 43,354 43,633 43,674

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,764 13,875 13,995 13,777 13,894 13,848 13,886 13,928 13,985

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,916 14,037 14,079 13,936 13,854 13,852 13,849 14,041 14,074

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,847 15,767 15,650 15,803 15,708 15,641 15,620 15,664 15,615

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,598 14,115 14,279 13,549 13,735 13,779 13,796 14,099 14,193

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42,658 43,191 43,201 42,959 43,661 43,933 43,709 43,658 43,556

Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,579 34,672 34,603 34,384 34,225 34,442 34,177 34,445 34,341

Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,499 9,075 9,181 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110,731 111,879 112,587 112,538 112,841 113,212 113,765 113,845 114,408

Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,361 28,065 28,096 26,881 27,463 27,378 27,040 27,739 27,576

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,882 6,830 7,116 6,770 6,903 7,004 7,013 7,038 6,999

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 4.9 5.1 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.9

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,221 5,191 5,226 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,421 9,256 9,110 9,567 9,417 9,478 9,461 9,569 9,291

1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Feb.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over............................. 13,751 12,758 12,806 9.0 8.9 8.7 8.5 8.3 8.3

16 to 19 years...................................... 1,352 1,324 1,367 23.9 24.0 23.7 23.1 23.2 23.8

16 to 17 years.................................... 532 539 570 28.8 25.2 23.3 27.8 28.8 29.9

18 to 19 years.................................... 826 788 800 21.6 23.2 23.4 21.3 20.5 20.8

20 years and over.................................. 12,398 11,434 11,439 8.4 8.3 8.1 8.0 7.7 7.7

20 to 24 years.................................... 2,333 2,050 2,140 15.3 13.9 14.2 14.4 13.3 13.8

25 years and over............................... 10,033 9,353 9,293 7.6 7.7 7.3 7.2 7.0 7.0

25 to 54 years................................. 8,055 7,492 7,391 7.9 8.0 7.6 7.6 7.4 7.3

25 to 34 years.............................. 3,156 3,001 2,899 9.4 9.7 9.2 9.4 9.0 8.7

35 to 44 years.............................. 2,428 2,250 2,236 7.4 7.2 7.0 6.8 6.8 6.8

45 to 54 years.............................. 2,471 2,241 2,256 7.0 7.1 6.7 6.5 6.4 6.4

55 years and over............................. 1,970 1,867 1,888 6.5 7.0 6.4 6.2 5.9 5.9

Men, 16 years and over.............................. 7,683 6,781 6,846 9.4 9.4 8.9 8.7 8.3 8.3

16 to 19 years...................................... 752 717 769 25.9 27.3 26.6 26.6 25.3 27.0

16 to 17 years.................................... 265 291 327 28.6 27.4 26.7 30.5 32.0 33.5

18 to 19 years.................................... 492 427 448 24.9 27.4 26.7 25.1 22.3 23.9

20 years and over.................................. 6,931 6,064 6,077 8.8 8.7 8.3 8.0 7.7 7.7

20 to 24 years.................................... 1,309 1,159 1,270 16.3 14.6 15.6 15.3 14.2 15.6

25 years and over............................... 5,584 4,886 4,796 7.9 8.1 7.4 7.2 6.9 6.7

25 to 54 years................................. 4,442 3,887 3,822 8.1 8.4 7.7 7.5 7.2 7.1

25 to 34 years.............................. 1,759 1,617 1,546 9.6 10.1 9.2 9.5 9.0 8.6

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,319 1,129 1,125 7.4 7.4 7.0 6.7 6.4 6.4

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,364 1,141 1,151 7.4 7.5 6.8 6.3 6.2 6.2

55 years and over............................. 1,142 999 974 7.1 7.2 6.7 6.1 5.9 5.7

Women, 16 years and over.......................... 6,067 5,977 5,960 8.5 8.4 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.2

16 to 19 years...................................... 600 607 598 21.8 20.6 20.7 19.3 21.1 20.7

16 to 17 years.................................... 266 249 243 29.2 23.2 20.0 25.0 25.8 26.1

18 to 19 years.................................... 333 361 352 18.1 18.6 20.1 17.1 18.6 17.8

20 years and over.................................. 5,467 5,370 5,361 7.9 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.7 7.7

20 to 24 years.................................... 1,025 891 870 14.1 13.1 12.6 13.4 12.3 11.7

25 years and over............................... 4,448 4,467 4,497 7.2 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.2 7.2

25 to 54 years................................. 3,613 3,604 3,569 7.7 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.6 7.6

25 to 34 years.............................. 1,397 1,383 1,354 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.3 9.0 8.8

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,109 1,121 1,110 7.4 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.4 7.3

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,107 1,100 1,105 6.5 6.6 6.6 6.7 6.6 6.6

55 years and over1

........................... 825 890 920 5.7 6.5 5.8 5.7 5.9 6.1

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present....................... 2,665 2,347 2,292 5.8 5.8 5.3 5.1 5.1 5.0

Married women, spouse present.................... 1,972 2,033 2,012 5.4 5.7 5.3 5.4 5.6 5.5

Women who maintain families1

.................... 1,273 1,236 1,222 13.0 12.3 12.4 12.9 12.0 11.7

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2.................................... 11,870 10,982 10,992 9.5 9.5 9.2 9.0 8.8 8.8

Part-time workers3................................... 1,867 1,746 1,768 6.5 6.4 6.0 6.3 5.9 6.0

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.

3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time

jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 9,212 8,234 7,866 8,337 7,924 7,599 7,602 7,321 7,209

On temporary layoff................................ 1,718 1,892 1,526 1,261 1,226 1,181 1,216 1,284 1,135

Not on temporary layoff............................ 7,495 6,342 6,340 7,076 6,699 6,418 6,386 6,037 6,075

Permanent job losers............................ 6,005 4,948 4,923 5,687 5,308 5,033 5,089 4,807 4,755

Persons who completed temporary jobs...... 1,489 1,395 1,416 1,389 1,391 1,385 1,296 1,230 1,320

Job leavers............................................. 888 957 1,032 904 1,068 1,005 953 939 1,031

Reentrants............................................. 3,338 3,276 3,337 3,354 3,387 3,355 3,399 3,325 3,361

New entrants.......................................... 1,103 1,074 1,196 1,315 1,291 1,276 1,280 1,253 1,392

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 63.4 60.8 58.6 59.9 58.0 57.4 57.4 57.0 55.5

On temporary layoff................................ 11.8 14.0 11.4 9.1 9.0 8.9 9.2 10.0 8.7

Not on temporary layoff............................ 51.5 46.8 47.2 50.9 49.0 48.5 48.3 47.0 46.7

Job leavers............................................. 6.1 7.1 7.7 6.5 7.8 7.6 7.2 7.3 7.9

Reentrants............................................. 23.0 24.2 24.8 24.1 24.8 25.3 25.7 25.9 25.9

New entrants.......................................... 7.6 7.9 8.9 9.5 9.4 9.6 9.7 9.8 10.7

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 6.0 5.4 5.1 5.4 5.1 4.9 4.9 4.7 4.7

Job leavers............................................. 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7

Reentrants............................................. 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2

New entrants.......................................... 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 2,263 2,923 2,366 2,408 2,676 2,510 2,669 2,486 2,541

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 3,801 3,106 3,454 3,080 3,285 2,896 2,858 2,884 2,807

15 weeks and over.................................... 8,478 7,512 7,609 8,208 7,869 7,766 7,628 7,498 7,397

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 2,420 1,915 2,199 2,195 2,029 2,087 2,039 1,980 1,971

27 weeks and over................................. 6,058 5,597 5,411 6,014 5,839 5,680 5,588 5,518 5,426

Average (mean) duration, in weeks1

.............. 36.7 38.2 39.1 37.4 39.2 40.9 40.8 40.1 40.0

Median duration, in weeks........................... 20.6 19.2 19.3 21.1 20.8 21.5 21.0 21.1 20.3

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 15.6 21.6 17.6 17.6 19.4 19.1 20.3 19.3 19.9

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 26.1 22.9 25.7 22.5 23.8 22.0 21.7 22.4 22.0

15 weeks and over.................................... 58.3 55.5 56.7 59.9 56.9 59.0 58.0 58.3 58.0

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 16.6 14.1 16.4 16.0 14.7 15.8 15.5 15.4 15.5

27 weeks and over................................. 41.7 41.3 40.3 43.9 42.2 43.1 42.5 42.9 42.6

1 Beginning in January 2011, this series reflects a change to the collection of data on unemployment duration. For more information, see

www.bls.gov/cps/duration.htm.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Feb.

2011

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Feb.

2012

Total, 16 years and over1

............................................. 138,093 140,684 14,542 13,430 9.5 8.7

Management, professional, and related occupations............ 52,557 53,208 2,435 2,336 4.4 4.2

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations...................................................... 21,256 22,151 1,089 1,015 4.9 4.4

Professional and related occupations........................... 31,301 31,058 1,346 1,320 4.1 4.1

Service occupations.................................................. 23,758 24,751 2,846 2,810 10.7 10.2

Sales and office occupations....................................... 33,220 33,766 3,180 2,907 8.7 7.9

Sales and related occupations................................... 15,367 15,553 1,523 1,331 9.0 7.9

Office and administrative support occupations................. 17,853 18,212 1,657 1,576 8.5 8.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations......................................................... 12,676 12,461 2,568 2,033 16.8 14.0

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations..................... 911 890 255 221 21.9 19.9

Construction and extraction occupations....................... 6,868 6,878 1,938 1,495 22.0 17.9

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............. 4,897 4,693 374 317 7.1 6.3

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations......................................................... 15,882 16,498 2,356 2,096 12.9 11.3

Production occupations........................................... 7,908 8,272 1,105 971 12.3 10.5

Transportation and material moving occupations.............. 7,973 8,226 1,251 1,125 13.6 12.0

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Feb.

2011

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Feb.

2012

Total, 16 years and over1................................................................ 14,542 13,430 9.5 8.7

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers................................... 11,641 10,517 9.9 8.8

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction..................................... 41 66 5.6 7.2

Construction........................................................................... 1,883 1,404 21.8 17.1

Manufacturing......................................................................... 1,492 1,294 9.9 8.4

Durable goods...................................................................... 989 787 10.5 8.1

Nondurable goods................................................................. 503 506 8.9 9.0

Wholesale and retail trade.......................................................... 1,889 1,824 9.2 8.9

Transportation and utilities.......................................................... 499 440 9.0 7.6

Information............................................................................ 205 247 6.7 8.4

Financial activities.................................................................... 636 498 6.9 5.3

Professional and business services................................................ 1,469 1,590 10.1 10.3

Education and health services...................................................... 1,198 1,197 5.6 5.4

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 1,783 1,496 13.8 11.6

Other services........................................................................ 546 461 8.9 7.1

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers.......................... 270 290 18.4 19.5

Government workers.................................................................... 927 848 4.2 3.9

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............. 601 579 5.9 5.9

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Feb.

2012

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as

a percent of the civilian labor force.............. 5.6 4.9 4.9 5.4 5.1 5.0 5.0 4.9 4.8

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force........................................... 6.0 5.4 5.1 5.4 5.1 4.9 4.9 4.7 4.7

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate).................................................. 9.5 8.8 8.7 9.0 8.9 8.7 8.5 8.3 8.3

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

discouraged workers............................... 10.1 9.4 9.3 9.6 9.5 9.3 9.1 8.9 8.9

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers,

plus all other persons marginally attached to

the labor force, as a percent of the civilian

labor force plus all persons marginally attached

to the labor force................................... 11.1 10.5 10.2 10.6 10.4 10.2 10.0 9.9 9.8

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic reasons,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all

persons marginally attached to the labor

force.................................................. 16.7 16.2 15.6 15.9 16.0 15.6 15.2 15.1 14.9

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are

available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a

job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for

full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

Feb.

2011

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Feb.

2012

Feb.

2011

Feb.

2012

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force............................................. 86,216 88,322 34,548 35,288 51,668 53,034

Persons who currently want a job.................................. 6,405 6,376 3,036 2,944 3,369 3,432

Marginally attached to the labor force1........................ 2,730 2,608 1,447 1,358 1,283 1,250

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 1,020 1,006 592 612 427 394

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . .. 1,710 1,603 854 746 855 856

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4............................................. 6,882 7,116 3,364 3,422 3,518 3,695

Percent of total employed........................................... 5.0 5.1 4.6 4.6 5.4 5.5

Primary job full time, secondary job part time.................... 3,573 3,624 1,964 1,953 1,609 1,671

Primary and secondary jobs both part time....................... 1,855 1,934 618 600 1,236 1,334

Primary and secondary jobs both full time........................ 222 264 142 152 80 112

Hours vary on primary or secondary job.......................... 1,197 1,254 628 696 569 558

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week,

but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling

or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation

problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

Change

from:

Jan.2012 -

Feb.2012p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129,148 132,965 130,313 131,164 130,676 132,186 132,470 132,697 227

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106,643 110,632 108,436 108,854 108,464 110,193 110,478 110,711 233

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,314 18,076 17,728 17,713 17,894 18,176 18,259 18,283 24

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 723 818 813 817 741 822 832 838 6

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.1 48.5 48.3 47.4 49.2 48.7 49.0 48.3 -0.7

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 675.3 769.9 764.2 770.0 692.1 773.3 782.9 789.9 7.0

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.1 186.3 186.7 187.4 164.4 186.3 187.9 189.2 1.3

Mining, except oil and gas1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200.0 216.4 209.2 209.8 211.1 220.5 220.8 221.6 0.8

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.2 86.9 86.6 86.6 83.5 86.6 86.9 87.2 0.3

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312.2 367.2 368.3 372.8 316.6 366.5 374.2 379.1 4.9

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,049 5,441 5,160 5,119 5,489 5,546 5,567 5,554 -13

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,141.1 1,222.6 1,172.2 1,163.4 1,214.3 1,226.7 1,232.5 1,236.3 3.8

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528.0 570.6 538.7 536.1 565.8 571.4 571.4 573.1 1.7

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613.1 652.0 633.5 627.3 648.5 655.3 661.1 663.2 2.1

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . . 714.7 798.8 730.5 730.1 823.4 840.0 837.8 836.5 -1.3

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,192.8 3,419.3 3,256.8 3,225.8 3,451.7 3,479.6 3,496.2 3,480.8 -15.4

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . 1,328.3 1,425.1 1,354.6 1,343.8 1,435.0 1,455.0 1,459.4 1,457.6 -1.8

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . . 1,864.5 1,994.2 1,902.2 1,882.0 2,016.7 2,024.6 2,036.8 2,023.2 -13.6

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,542 11,817 11,755 11,777 11,664 11,808 11,860 11,891 31

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,141 7,366 7,352 7,378 7,203 7,361 7,403 7,434 31

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333.0 329.4 327.0 325.2 342.6 332.0 334.6 335.7 1.1

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348.7 361.2 352.2 353.0 368.1 367.0 370.2 372.1 1.9

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377.0 400.8 402.2 402.9 378.8 400.7 403.0 404.2 1.2

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,309.3 1,366.6 1,371.1 1,379.4 1,322.6 1,367.8 1,379.4 1,390.8 11.4

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,032.8 1,086.0 1,085.7 1,089.8 1,034.9 1,082.0 1,087.7 1,092.2 4.5

Computer and electronic products1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,098.3 1,110.2 1,104.3 1,104.4 1,101.4 1,107.4 1,105.7 1,105.1 -0.6

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . . 157.8 162.7 162.2 162.8 158.0 162.2 162.3 162.6 0.3

Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115.4 112.5 111.1 110.6 115.5 112.2 111.0 110.9 -0.1

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377.8 387.0 385.9 386.7 378.9 386.5 386.9 387.7 0.8

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404.8 402.6 399.9 399.7 406.1 401.4 400.3 399.0 -1.3

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . . 364.1 369.2 370.0 370.9 365.3 369.1 370.7 372.7 2.0

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,358.5 1,421.1 1,421.7 1,430.3 1,361.2 1,414.2 1,423.6 1,431.9 8.3

Motor vehicles and parts2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 704.9 742.8 743.6 751.6 705.0 737.6 745.3 750.9 5.6

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347.8 346.1 343.7 347.3 353.4 348.6 350.4 353.5 3.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571.9 575.4 573.8 574.3 574.5 572.6 577.7 576.1 -1.6

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,401 4,451 4,403 4,399 4,461 4,447 4,457 4,457 0

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,430.0 1,448.0 1,423.0 1,419.2 1,461.6 1,442.2 1,446.9 1,448.1 1.2

Beverages and tobacco products. . . . . . . . . . . . 176.8 189.1 187.2 189.2 184.0 191.9 193.8 196.1 2.3

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119.3 119.1 119.5 119.7 120.2 119.6 120.6 120.5 -0.1

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.2 114.4 111.4 111.7 118.0 114.3 112.7 113.2 0.5

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152.3 148.7 146.7 149.2 152.6 150.1 150.2 149.9 -0.3

Leather and allied products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.6 30.4 30.5 30.5 29.0 30.3 30.7 30.6 -0.1

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389.1 393.6 391.7 388.5 390.9 392.2 391.7 390.4 -1.3

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . . 472.7 460.9 456.4 453.4 475.9 459.6 460.3 457.8 -2.5

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.7 111.8 109.5 109.2 112.2 113.9 115.0 114.4 -0.6

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 780.2 796.6 794.1 793.3 782.3 793.8 796.5 795.6 -0.9

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 628.8 638.2 632.8 635.3 634.6 639.5 638.6 640.3 1.7

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89,329 92,556 90,708 91,141 90,570 92,017 92,219 92,428 209

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,473 25,803 25,043 24,840 24,866 25,181 25,238 25,251 13

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,443.0 5,580.1 5,530.5 5,537.4 5,496.2 5,568.8 5,583.3 5,591.7 8.4

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,718.6 2,773.8 2,758.0 2,758.6 2,738.2 2,770.5 2,777.1 2,779.9 2.8

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,903.8 1,957.8 1,930.3 1,933.9 1,931.5 1,952.8 1,957.7 1,960.8 3.1

Electronic markets and agents and brokers.. . 820.6 848.5 842.2 844.9 826.5 845.5 848.5 851.0 2.5

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,276.6 15,231.1 14,660.1 14,450.7 14,555.5 14,731.5 14,757.6 14,750.2 -7.4

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,643.2 1,699.0 1,682.7 1,692.0 1,669.5 1,709.3 1,713.9 1,718.4 4.5

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,030.8 1,067.9 1,065.2 1,070.7 1,041.2 1,071.4 1,077.8 1,081.2 3.4

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . . 432.7 467.4 453.1 442.5 439.0 446.5 448.3 449.2 0.9

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

Change

from:

Jan.2012 -

Feb.2012p

Retail trade - Continued

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 524.5 541.8 516.2 509.5 530.6 514.8 513.4 513.9 0.5

Building material and garden supply stores.. . 1,084.3 1,108.2 1,086.7 1,099.2 1,131.6 1,141.8 1,143.0 1,143.4 0.4

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,781.0 2,874.5 2,838.4 2,822.7 2,811.2 2,848.5 2,854.1 2,856.8 2.7

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 970.6 999.9 988.9 988.1 975.9 984.2 989.5 993.8 4.3

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 808.8 827.2 817.1 815.0 822.2 830.5 828.4 828.0 -0.4

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . . 1,295.5 1,527.9 1,366.0 1,309.5 1,345.0 1,384.5 1,369.3 1,367.7 -1.6

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 568.0 603.2 560.5 561.1 579.2 558.2 553.6 566.0 12.4

General merchandise stores1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,997.2 3,337.1 3,158.8 3,023.1 3,061.2 3,116.0 3,138.8 3,103.4 -35.4

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,505.0 1,734.6 1,626.9 1,523.0 1,538.0 1,567.1 1,593.0 1,568.0 -25.0

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 751.9 778.0 750.0 757.6 762.1 761.5 766.1 770.1 4.0

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418.9 466.9 441.7 430.4 428.0 435.7 439.2 439.5 0.3

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,202.5 4,435.0 4,294.6 4,293.8 4,261.4 4,321.8 4,337.9 4,348.5 10.6

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452.2 455.1 455.8 454.7 454.0 456.1 457.8 456.0 -1.8

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223.4 231.4 230.8 231.0 225.0 231.7 232.2 232.3 0.1

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.2 63.0 64.1 64.6 64.3 63.3 65.6 66.3 0.7

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,248.3 1,315.6 1,292.2 1,295.5 1,284.2 1,318.1 1,321.3 1,331.5 10.2

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446.2 449.3 447.1 445.5 435.3 433.5 436.5 435.1 -1.4

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.2 43.5 43.8 43.7 42.3 43.4 43.5 43.7 0.2

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . . 20.3 24.4 22.1 23.0 27.3 29.6 30.3 31.0 0.7

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . . 554.8 575.7 573.4 572.1 557.6 574.1 577.2 575.4 -1.8

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517.6 618.2 521.0 517.7 526.8 521.9 522.6 524.3 1.7

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 636.3 658.8 644.3 646.0 644.6 650.1 650.9 652.9 2.0

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551.2 557.1 558.0 558.1 552.9 559.1 559.6 560.4 0.8

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,663 2,660 2,600 2,617 2,674 2,645 2,625 2,624 -1

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . 749.2 749.9 739.1 740.3 751.6 746.1 742.0 740.9 -1.1

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352.1 367.2 330.8 349.0 359.7 363.8 350.3 356.0 5.7

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283.7 281.0 279.5 278.7 284.5 279.6 279.8 278.4 -1.4

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 888.2 851.9 846.9 842.5 885.6 846.9 846.6 840.2 -6.4

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241.2 243.7 237.9 241.7 242.7 242.5 240.3 242.2 1.9

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148.7 166.5 165.3 165.1 149.5 166.5 166.2 166.5 0.3

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,624 7,707 7,647 7,656 7,669 7,696 7,695 7,701 6

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,741.6 5,771.2 5,744.7 5,751.0 5,749.1 5,756.8 5,754.7 5,755.6 0.9

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . . 18.5 18.8 18.8 18.8 18.7 18.9 18.9 18.8 -0.1

Credit intermediation and related

activities1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,554.9 2,578.3 2,568.8 2,573.0 2,556.2 2,570.1 2,569.7 2,570.6 0.9

Depository credit intermediation1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,728.6 1,748.1 1,743.7 1,746.2 1,731.6 1,745.9 1,746.0 1,748.9 2.9

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,307.7 1,321.1 1,318.2 1,320.3 1,309.1 1,319.7 1,319.5 1,322.3 2.8

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 804.3 804.5 798.9 800.3 805.7 803.7 801.7 801.8 0.1

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . . 2,277.2 2,285.0 2,273.9 2,274.8 2,282.0 2,279.6 2,280.1 2,280.2 0.1

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles. . . 86.7 84.6 84.3 84.1 86.5 84.5 84.3 84.2 -0.1

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,881.9 1,935.6 1,902.7 1,904.9 1,920.0 1,939.0 1,939.8 1,945.2 5.4

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,373.5 1,409.1 1,386.9 1,388.5 1,395.1 1,408.5 1,410.4 1,413.2 2.8

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484.6 502.1 492.0 492.7 500.9 506.3 505.5 508.1 2.6

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . . 23.8 24.4 23.8 23.7 24.0 24.2 23.9 23.9 0.0

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,842 17,698 17,313 17,461 17,104 17,593 17,669 17,751 82

Professional and technical services1

. . . . . . . . . . . 7,635.0 7,859.3 7,857.9 7,951.1 7,558.2 7,815.5 7,837.9 7,872.1 34.2

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,107.6 1,118.8 1,111.4 1,113.0 1,114.7 1,115.6 1,118.8 1,119.6 0.8

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . . 1,014.1 966.3 1,055.6 1,105.8 876.2 957.8 961.1 968.4 7.3

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . 1,265.7 1,303.1 1,288.7 1,293.1 1,284.2 1,303.1 1,309.3 1,313.6 4.3

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,495.2 1,564.3 1,549.5 1,563.5 1,500.0 1,557.8 1,556.3 1,566.5 10.2

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,033.7 1,112.9 1,092.0 1,104.6 1,043.3 1,099.6 1,106.1 1,113.5 7.4

Management of companies and enterprises. . . . 1,887.0 1,939.2 1,930.8 1,925.0 1,898.7 1,932.5 1,936.1 1,934.7 -1.4

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,320.4 7,899.2 7,524.3 7,584.6 7,647.2 7,844.9 7,894.5 7,944.4 49.9

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

Change

from:

Jan.2012 -

Feb.2012p

Administrative and waste services - Continued

Administrative and support services1

. . . . . . . . 6,966.6 7,533.7 7,159.7 7,220.3 7,284.4 7,477.0 7,523.1 7,571.5 48.4

Employment services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,762.8 3,163.4 2,910.7 2,981.2 2,897.9 3,047.9 3,089.5 3,150.6 61.1

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,147.1 2,505.8 2,280.5 2,334.8 2,259.3 2,396.3 2,428.4 2,473.6 45.2

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 814.6 838.8 823.4 822.1 811.5 819.9 822.2 818.7 -3.5

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . . 1,606.0 1,702.1 1,621.7 1,617.9 1,770.9 1,780.5 1,784.4 1,781.6 -2.8

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353.8 365.5 364.6 364.3 362.8 367.9 371.4 372.9 1.5

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,829 20,236 19,985 20,304 19,725 20,079 20,116 20,187 71

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,365.0 3,396.8 3,189.6 3,436.8 3,219.9 3,278.9 3,273.1 3,282.2 9.1

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,463.7 16,839.2 16,795.2 16,867.3 16,505.0 16,800.3 16,843.3 16,904.4 61.1

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,872.5 14,204.4 14,183.2 14,235.1 13,917.9 14,185.4 14,228.7 14,277.7 49.0

Ambulatory health care services1. . . . . . . . . 6,048.7 6,249.3 6,227.6 6,264.3 6,066.5 6,237.0 6,255.5 6,283.7 28.2

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,320.0 2,402.3 2,388.6 2,398.4 2,324.8 2,389.9 2,394.2 2,403.7 9.5

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 614.7 639.8 640.9 647.0 615.2 637.9 642.3 646.6 4.3

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,119.2 1,160.0 1,159.7 1,168.8 1,124.1 1,160.0 1,166.7 1,171.7 5.0

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,686.1 4,775.7 4,784.3 4,797.6 4,697.0 4,774.3 4,791.2 4,806.6 15.4

Nursing and residential care facilities1

. . . . 3,137.7 3,179.4 3,171.3 3,173.2 3,154.4 3,174.1 3,182.0 3,187.4 5.4

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,656.9 1,664.7 1,661.1 1,654.0 1,666.8 1,661.4 1,664.9 1,662.5 -2.4

Social assistance1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,591.2 2,634.8 2,612.0 2,632.2 2,587.1 2,614.9 2,614.6 2,626.7 12.1

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 859.0 854.6 843.7 852.4 846.4 841.5 837.2 841.0 3.8

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,614 13,116 12,826 12,954 13,195 13,464 13,510 13,554 44

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,704.8 1,746.7 1,698.7 1,719.9 1,903.7 1,911.0 1,926.1 1,925.9 -0.2

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . . 369.3 373.3 357.3 364.1 399.9 392.9 400.2 395.4 -4.8

Museums, historical sites, and similar

institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.7 128.1 122.3 122.5 130.6 135.4 135.0 134.7 -0.3

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . . 1,216.8 1,245.3 1,219.1 1,233.3 1,373.2 1,382.7 1,390.9 1,395.8 4.9

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,909.5 11,369.2 11,127.3 11,233.7 11,291.1 11,552.5 11,583.5 11,628.0 44.5

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,690.9 1,734.9 1,706.4 1,716.8 1,774.5 1,802.0 1,802.5 1,806.2 3.7

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . . 9,218.6 9,634.3 9,420.9 9,516.9 9,516.6 9,750.5 9,781.0 9,821.8 40.8

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,284 5,336 5,294 5,309 5,337 5,359 5,366 5,360 -6

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,145.1 1,156.9 1,149.6 1,150.9 1,156.1 1,165.3 1,166.8 1,161.5 -5.3

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,262.5 1,289.9 1,271.3 1,275.7 1,277.8 1,292.3 1,291.5 1,291.4 -0.1

Membership associations and organizations. . . . 2,876.2 2,889.0 2,872.6 2,882.6 2,903.4 2,901.1 2,907.5 2,907.5 0.0

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,505 22,333 21,877 22,310 22,212 21,993 21,992 21,986 -6

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,853.0 2,834.0 2,807.0 2,798.0 2,877.0 2,836.0 2,828.0 2,821.0 -7.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,214.5 2,211.6 2,188.7 2,182.9 2,233.5 2,216.2 2,208.4 2,202.0 -6.4

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 638.5 622.1 618.6 614.9 643.2 619.5 619.2 619.1 -0.1

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,222.0 5,156.0 4,975.0 5,180.0 5,107.0 5,048.0 5,059.0 5,058.0 -1.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,505.9 2,491.8 2,323.0 2,527.5 2,379.2 2,377.9 2,395.9 2,397.4 1.5

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 2,715.9 2,663.7 2,652.1 2,652.5 2,728.2 2,670.3 2,662.8 2,660.1 -2.7

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,430.0 14,343.0 14,095.0 14,332.0 14,228.0 14,109.0 14,105.0 14,107.0 2.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,243.6 8,173.3 7,961.9 8,196.5 7,931.2 7,859.5 7,856.4 7,861.6 5.2

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 6,186.2 6,170.1 6,132.8 6,135.0 6,297.0 6,249.5 6,249.0 6,245.1 -3.9

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 34.3 34.5 34.5 34.5

Goods-producing..................................................................... 39.8 40.2 40.4 40.5

Mining and logging................................................................ 44.1 44.7 45.3 45.1

Construction........................................................................ 37.7 38.4 38.6 38.9

Manufacturing...................................................................... 40.5 40.7 40.9 41.0

Durable goods................................................................... 40.8 41.1 41.3 41.4

Nondurable goods............................................................... 39.9 40.0 40.3 40.3

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.2 33.3 33.3 33.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 34.5 34.7 34.7 34.8

Wholesale trade................................................................. 38.5 38.8 38.8 38.8

Retail trade....................................................................... 31.5 31.9 31.9 32.0

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 38.8 38.3 38.3 38.1

Utilities............................................................................ 41.3 41.1 41.5 41.3

Information.......................................................................... 36.6 36.6 36.7 36.7

Financial activities................................................................. 37.1 37.3 37.4 37.3

Professional and business services............................................. 35.7 35.8 35.8 35.8

Education and health services................................................... 32.7 32.8 32.8 32.8

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 25.9 26.1 26.1 26.1

Other services...................................................................... 31.7 31.6 31.6 31.6

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.4

Durable goods........................................................................ 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.4

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.3

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

Total private................................................. $22.88 $23.25 $23.28 $23.31 $ 784.78 $ 802.13 $ 803.16 $ 804.20

Goods-producing........................................ 24.23 24.55 24.56 24.59 964.35 986.91 992.22 995.90

Mining and logging................................... 28.04 28.39 28.14 28.49 1,236.56 1,269.03 1,274.74 1,284.90

Construction........................................... 25.38 25.44 25.44 25.46 956.83 976.90 981.98 990.39

Manufacturing......................................... 23.47 23.86 23.90 23.90 950.54 971.10 977.51 979.90

Durable goods...................................... 24.95 25.33 25.36 25.32 1,017.96 1,041.06 1,047.37 1,048.25

Nondurable goods................................. 21.02 21.37 21.41 21.48 838.70 854.80 862.82 865.64

Private service-providing............................... 22.56 22.94 22.97 23.00 748.99 763.90 764.90 765.90

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 19.87 20.21 20.19 20.19 685.52 701.29 700.59 702.61

Wholesale trade.................................... 26.25 26.49 26.46 26.47 1,010.63 1,027.81 1,026.65 1,027.04

Retail trade.......................................... 15.74 16.03 16.03 16.07 495.81 511.36 511.36 514.24

Transportation and warehousing................. 21.31 22.00 21.93 21.87 826.83 842.60 839.92 833.25

Utilities............................................... 33.16 33.68 33.68 33.41 1,369.51 1,384.25 1,397.72 1,379.83

Information............................................. 31.52 31.73 31.60 31.67 1,153.63 1,161.32 1,159.72 1,162.29

Financial activities.................................... 27.63 28.30 28.49 28.60 1,025.07 1,055.59 1,065.53 1,066.78

Professional and business services................ 27.52 27.90 27.83 27.83 982.46 998.82 996.31 996.31

Education and health services...................... 23.38 23.90 24.09 24.20 764.53 783.92 790.15 793.76

Leisure and hospitality............................... 13.17 13.33 13.30 13.28 341.10 347.91 347.13 346.61

Other services......................................... 20.37 20.67 20.66 20.69 645.73 653.17 652.86 653.80

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

Percent

change

from:

Jan.

2012 -

Feb.

2012p

Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

Percent

change

from:

Jan.

2012 -

Feb.

2012p

Total private....................................... 93.2 95.3 95.5 95.7 0.2 101.7 105.6 106.0 106.4 0.4

Goods-producing............................... 81.1 83.2 84.0 84.4 0.5 88.9 92.4 93.3 93.8 0.5

Mining and logging.......................... 102.7 115.5 118.4 118.8 0.3 115.6 131.6 133.8 135.8 1.5

Construction.................................. 71.3 73.4 74.1 74.5 0.5 78.7 81.1 81.9 82.4 0.6

Manufacturing................................ 85.0 86.5 87.3 87.7 0.5 92.8 95.9 97.0 97.5 0.5

Durable goods............................ 82.7 85.2 86.1 86.7 0.7 91.7 95.8 97.0 97.4 0.4

Nondurable goods........................ 88.8 88.8 89.7 89.7 0.0 94.8 96.3 97.4 97.7 0.3

Private service-providing...................... 96.6 98.4 98.6 98.9 0.3 105.6 109.4 109.8 110.2 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 93.3 95.0 95.2 95.6 0.4 99.8 103.4 103.5 103.9 0.4

Wholesale trade........................... 92.3 94.3 94.5 94.7 0.2 101.1 104.2 104.4 104.6 0.2

Retail trade................................ 93.1 95.5 95.6 95.9 0.3 96.9 101.2 101.3 101.9 0.6

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 94.6 94.7 95.1 94.8 -0.3 102.3 105.8 105.8 105.2 -0.6

Utilities..................................... 98.8 99.4 100.5 100.1 -0.4 108.2 110.6 111.8 110.5 -1.2

Information................................... 89.4 88.4 88.0 87.9 -0.1 100.3 99.9 99.0 99.2 0.2

Financial activities........................... 93.8 94.6 94.8 94.7 -0.1 101.1 104.5 105.5 105.7 0.2

Professional and business services....... 96.0 99.1 99.5 99.9 0.4 107.1 112.0 112.2 112.7 0.4

Education and health services............. 105.0 107.2 107.4 107.8 0.4 115.0 120.0 121.2 122.2 0.8

Leisure and hospitality...................... 97.5 100.3 100.6 100.9 0.3 103.6 107.8 108.0 108.1 0.1

Other services............................... 93.7 93.8 93.9 93.8 -0.1 108.4 110.1 110.2 110.2 0.0

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

Total nonfarm............................................... 64,734 65,211 65,322 65,408 49.5 49.3 49.3 49.3

Total private.............................................. 52,121 52,705 52,812 52,898 48.1 47.8 47.8 47.8

Goods-producing...................................... 4,067 4,044 4,058 4,058 22.7 22.2 22.2 22.2

Mining and logging................................. 102 109 110 110 13.8 13.3 13.2 13.1

Construction........................................ 711 709 708 706 13.0 12.8 12.7 12.7

Manufacturing....................................... 3,254 3,226 3,240 3,242 27.9 27.3 27.3 27.3

Durable goods................................... 1,721 1,714 1,721 1,723 23.9 23.3 23.2 23.2

Nondurable goods............................... 1,533 1,512 1,519 1,519 34.4 34.0 34.1 34.1

Private service-providing............................. 48,054 48,661 48,754 48,840 53.1 52.9 52.9 52.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities............... 10,019 10,041 10,067 10,059 40.3 39.9 39.9 39.8

Wholesale trade................................. 1,652.1 1,678.0 1,681.0 1,682.8 30.1 30.1 30.1 30.1

Retail trade....................................... 7,227.4 7,219.8 7,237.9 7,225.9 49.7 49.0 49.0 49.0

Transportation and warehousing.............. 1,004.0 1,006.0 1,009.5 1,010.6 23.6 23.3 23.3 23.2

Utilities............................................ 135.1 137.3 138.6 139.6 24.4 24.6 24.8 24.9

Information.......................................... 1,086 1,069 1,063 1,064 40.6 40.4 40.5 40.5

Financial activities.................................. 4,482 4,480 4,477 4,478 58.4 58.2 58.2 58.1

Professional and business services............. 7,590 7,805 7,824 7,841 44.4 44.4 44.3 44.2

Education and health services................... 15,178 15,417 15,440 15,496 76.9 76.8 76.8 76.8

Leisure and hospitality............................. 6,884 7,025 7,056 7,075 52.2 52.2 52.2 52.2

Other services...................................... 2,815 2,824 2,827 2,827 52.7 52.7 52.7 52.7

Government.............................................. 12,613 12,506 12,510 12,510 56.8 56.9 56.9 56.9

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data published in this release for women employees in the Government and Total nonfarm industries are erroneous. Additional information

 is available at www.bls.gov/bls/ceswomen_usps.htm.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

Total private................................................................................ 89,401 90,960 91,248 91,508

Goods-producing........................................................................ 12,881 13,111 13,181 13,209

Mining and logging................................................................... 554 621 631 640

Construction........................................................................... 4,157 4,193 4,216 4,199

Manufacturing......................................................................... 8,170 8,297 8,334 8,370

Durable goods...................................................................... 4,927 5,059 5,091 5,122

Nondurable goods................................................................. 3,243 3,238 3,243 3,248

Private service-providing............................................................... 76,520 77,849 78,067 78,299

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................................................. 21,047 21,365 21,410 21,437

Wholesale trade.................................................................... 4,401.2 4,473.6 4,490.0 4,501.3

Retail trade......................................................................... 12,538.4 12,721.0 12,734.4 12,738.4

Transportation and warehousing................................................. 3,666.3 3,724.7 3,740.3 3,750.0

Utilities............................................................................... 440.7 445.4 445.7 446.9

Information............................................................................ 2,151 2,128 2,114 2,111

Financial activities.................................................................... 5,885 5,900 5,907 5,915

Professional and business services................................................ 14,051 14,480 14,557 14,645

Education and health services...................................................... 17,285 17,607 17,643 17,725

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 11,629 11,878 11,933 11,978

Other services........................................................................ 4,472 4,491 4,503 4,488

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 33.6 33.7 33.7 33.8

Goods-producing..................................................................... 40.7 41.1 41.3 41.3

Mining and logging................................................................ 45.7 47.6 48.0 47.6

Construction........................................................................ 38.7 39.2 39.1 39.3

Manufacturing...................................................................... 41.4 41.6 41.8 41.9

Durable goods................................................................... 41.8 42.1 42.3 42.4

Nondurable goods............................................................... 40.8 40.9 41.1 41.1

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.4 32.5 32.5 32.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 33.6 33.8 33.9 33.9

Wholesale trade................................................................. 38.4 38.7 38.6 38.7

Retail trade....................................................................... 30.4 30.7 30.8 30.8

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 38.0 37.7 37.7 37.8

Utilities............................................................................ 42.3 40.5 41.3 41.1

Information.......................................................................... 36.4 36.0 36.2 36.0

Financial activities................................................................. 36.4 36.6 36.6 36.6

Professional and business services............................................. 35.2 35.2 35.2 35.2

Education and health services................................................... 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.4

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 24.8 24.9 24.9 24.9

Other services...................................................................... 30.8 30.8 30.7 30.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.3

Durable goods........................................................................ 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.5

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 4.0 3.9 4.0 4.0

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

Total private................................................. $19.33 $19.59 $19.61 $19.64 $ 649.49 $ 660.18 $ 660.86 $ 663.83

Goods-producing........................................ 20.56 20.78 20.78 20.83 836.79 854.06 858.21 860.28

Mining and logging................................... 24.22 24.89 24.80 25.45 1,106.85 1,184.76 1,190.40 1,211.42

Construction........................................... 23.52 23.75 23.72 23.79 910.22 931.00 927.45 934.95

Manufacturing......................................... 18.88 19.02 19.04 19.04 781.63 791.23 795.87 797.78

Durable goods...................................... 20.09 20.15 20.17 20.17 839.76 848.32 853.19 855.21

Nondurable goods................................. 17.00 17.19 17.21 17.20 693.60 703.07 707.33 706.92

Private service-providing............................... 19.07 19.34 19.36 19.38 617.87 628.55 629.20 629.85

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 17.06 17.25 17.28 17.29 573.22 583.05 585.79 586.13

Wholesale trade.................................... 21.90 21.97 22.05 22.03 840.96 850.24 851.13 852.56

Retail trade.......................................... 13.41 13.67 13.67 13.70 407.66 419.67 421.04 421.96

Transportation and warehousing................. 19.43 19.60 19.64 19.63 738.34 738.92 740.43 742.01

Utilities............................................... 30.19 30.99 31.06 30.96 1,277.04 1,255.10 1,282.78 1,272.46

Information............................................. 26.40 26.80 26.76 26.74 960.96 964.80 968.71 962.64

Financial activities.................................... 21.69 22.26 22.28 22.30 789.52 814.72 815.45 816.18

Professional and business services................ 23.02 23.12 23.13 23.11 810.30 813.82 814.18 813.47

Education and health services...................... 20.53 21.01 21.07 21.13 661.07 678.62 680.56 684.61

Leisure and hospitality............................... 11.37 11.53 11.54 11.59 281.98 287.10 287.35 288.59

Other services......................................... 17.22 17.42 17.42 17.45 530.38 536.54 534.79 535.72

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

Percent

change

from:

Jan.

2012 -

Feb.

2012p

Feb.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012p

Feb.

2012p

Percent

change

from:

Jan.

2012 -

Feb.

2012p

Total private....................................... 100.4 102.4 102.7 103.3 0.6 129.6 134.1 134.6 135.6 0.7

Goods-producing............................... 80.1 82.3 83.2 83.4 0.2 100.9 104.8 105.9 106.3 0.4

Mining and logging.......................... 134.5 157.1 161.0 161.9 0.6 189.5 227.4 232.1 239.6 3.2

Construction.................................. 80.6 82.3 82.5 82.6 0.1 102.3 105.5 105.7 106.1 0.4

Manufacturing................................ 77.6 79.2 80.0 80.5 0.6 95.9 98.6 99.6 100.2 0.6

Durable goods............................ 77.4 80.0 80.9 81.6 0.9 97.1 100.7 101.9 102.8 0.9

Nondurable goods........................ 78.0 78.0 78.5 78.7 0.3 93.6 94.8 95.5 95.6 0.1

Private service-providing...................... 106.0 108.2 108.5 108.8 0.3 138.6 143.5 144.0 144.6 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 98.6 100.7 101.2 101.3 0.1 120.0 123.9 124.7 125.0 0.2

Wholesale trade........................... 99.5 102.0 102.1 102.6 0.5 128.4 132.0 132.6 133.1 0.4

Retail trade................................ 96.5 98.9 99.3 99.3 0.0 110.9 115.8 116.3 116.6 0.3

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 104.9 105.7 106.1 106.7 0.6 129.3 131.4 132.2 132.9 0.5

Utilities..................................... 95.3 92.3 94.1 93.9 -0.2 120.1 119.3 122.0 121.4 -0.5

Information................................... 89.4 87.4 87.3 86.7 -0.7 116.8 116.0 115.7 114.8 -0.8

Financial activities........................... 102.5 103.3 103.5 103.6 0.1 137.5 142.2 142.5 142.8 0.2

Professional and business services....... 110.8 114.2 114.8 115.5 0.6 151.8 157.2 158.1 158.9 0.5

Education and health services............. 120.1 122.7 122.9 123.9 0.8 162.0 169.4 170.3 172.1 1.1

Leisure and hospitality...................... 105.6 108.3 108.8 109.2 0.4 136.4 141.9 142.6 143.8 0.8

Other services............................... 96.6 97.0 97.0 96.6 -0.4 121.2 123.1 123.1 122.9 -0.2

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary