For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, August 6, 2013 USDL-13-1571

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JUNE 2013

There were 3.9 million job openings on the last business day of June, little changed from May, the U.S. 

Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The hires rate (3.1 percent) and separations rate (3.0 percent)

also were little changed in June. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, 

hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by geographic region.

Job Openings

The number of job openings in June was 3.9 million, little changed from May. (See table 1.) The number 

of job openings was little changed over the month in all industries and regions.

The number of job openings in June (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the year for total 

nonfarm, total private, and government. Although the number of total job openings was little changed 

over the year, several industries experienced increases and several industries experienced decreases. In 

the Midwest region, the number of job openings rose over the year. (See table 7.)

Hires

The number of hires in June was 4.2 million, a decrease from May. The number of hires also declined 

for total private but was little changed for government. Over the month, the hires level decreased for 

health care and social assistance. In June, the number of hires fell in the Midwest. (See table 2.)

Over the 12 months ending in June, the number of hires (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed for

total nonfarm, total private, and government. The number of hires increased in information over the year

but fell in durable goods manufacturing and in educational services. The hires level declined over the 

year in the Midwest. (See table 8.)

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.4

3.6

Percent

2011 2012

Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted,

July 2010 - June 2013

2013 2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.4

3.6

3.8

4.0

Hires

Separations

Percent

2011 2012

Chart 2. Hires and separations rates, seasonally adjusted,

July 2010 - June 2013

2013
- 2 -

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 

referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 

the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 

discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations include separations 

due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 4.1 million total separations in June, a decrease from May. The number of total separations 

for total private also decreased while government was little changed over the month.

In June, the quits rate was unchanged at 1.6 percent for total nonfarm, 1.8 percent for total private, and

0.6 percent for government. The quits rate was little changed over the month for all industries and 

regions. (See table 4.)

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the 12 months ending in June for 

total nonfarm, total private, government, all industries, and all four regions. (See table 10.)

The layoffs and discharges rate decreased in June to 1.1 percent. The rate was little changed over the 

month for total private at 1.3 percent and government at 0.4 percent. In the Midwest region, the rate 

declined in June. The layoffs and discharges component of total separations is not seasonally adjusted 

for individual industries. (See table 5.)

The layoffs and discharges level (not seasonally adjusted) decreased over the 12 months ending in June

for total nonfarm and total private but was little changed for government. Over the year, the number of 

layoffs and discharges increased in information. The layoffs and discharges level fell over the 12 months 

ending in June for educational services and for health care and social assistance; the level also fell in the 

Midwest. (See table 11.)

In June, there were 384,000 other separations for total nonfarm, essentially unchanged from the previous 

month. The number of other separations was little changed over the month for total private and 

government. The other separations component of total separations is not seasonally adjusted by industry

or region. (See table 6.) Over the 12 months ending in June, the number of other separations was little 

changed for total nonfarm and total private but increased for government. (See table 12.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 

employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 

hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 

Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 

if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in June 2013, hires totaled 51.8 million 

and separations totaled 49.9 million, yielding a net employment gain of 1.8 million. These figures 

include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.

____________

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for July 2013 are scheduled to be released

on Tuesday, September 10, 2013 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

June

2012

May

2013

June

2013p

June

2012

May

2013

June

2013p

June

2012

May

2013

June

2013p

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY

(in thousands)

Total.................................................... 3,792 3,907 3,936 4,357 4,490 4,201 4,292 4,381 4,081

Total private1....................................... 3,420 3,479 3,534 4,081 4,206 3,928 3,988 4,081 3,782

Construction...................................... 77 102 133 347 317 300 336 306 294

Manufacturing.................................... 310 237 215 283 239 225 266 249 229

Trade, transportation, and utilities2........... 584 784 775 855 889 842 853 883 802

Retail trade..................................... 337 514 524 573 620 584 569 613 556

Professional and business services........... 751 632 701 921 890 875 895 848 835

Education and health services3

............... 717 660 641 486 541 454 487 544 476

Health care and social assistance.......... 657 602 587 417 468 404 408 477 414

Leisure and hospitality.......................... 451 477 473 729 802 789 702 734 690

Arts, entertainment, and recreation......... 44 59 43 113 124 130 102 108 96

Accommodation and food services......... 408 419 430 616 678 659 600 626 593

Government4....................................... 372 428 402 275 284 274 304 300 299

State and local................................... 301 367 344 245 258 244 272 261 266

RATES BY INDUSTRY

(percent)

Total.................................................... 2.8 2.8 2.8 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.0

Total private1

....................................... 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.7 3.7 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.3

Construction...................................... 1.4 1.7 2.2 6.2 5.5 5.2 6.0 5.3 5.1

Manufacturing.................................... 2.5 1.9 1.8 2.4 2.0 1.9 2.2 2.1 1.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities2........... 2.2 2.9 2.9 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.1

Retail trade..................................... 2.2 3.3 3.3 3.9 4.1 3.9 3.8 4.1 3.7

Professional and business services........... 4.0 3.3 3.6 5.1 4.8 4.7 5.0 4.6 4.5

Education and health services3............... 3.4 3.1 3.0 2.4 2.6 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.3

Health care and social assistance.......... 3.7 3.4 3.3 2.5 2.7 2.3 2.4 2.8 2.4

Leisure and hospitality.......................... 3.2 3.3 3.2 5.3 5.7 5.5 5.1 5.2 4.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation......... 2.2 2.8 2.1 5.8 6.1 6.3 5.2 5.3 4.7

Accommodation and food services......... 3.4 3.3 3.4 5.2 5.6 5.4 5.1 5.2 4.9

Government4

....................................... 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4

State and local................................... 1.5 1.9 1.8 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4

1 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

2 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

3 Includes educational services, not shown separately.

4 Includes federal government, not shown separately.

p Preliminary
Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects and compiles 

JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm 

establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS 

concepts and methodology is available online at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as federal, state, and local government 

entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Data 

are collected for total employment, job openings, hires, 

quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total 

separations.

Concepts

Industry classification. The industry classifications in 

this release are in accordance with the 2012 version of the 

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

Employment. Employment includes persons on the 

payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period 

that includes the 12th day of the reference month. Fulltime, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, 

and hourly employees are included, as are employees on 

paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners 

of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or 

persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire 

pay period, are not counted as employed. Employees of 

temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, 

outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where they 

are working.

Job openings. Job openings information is collected for 

the last business day of the reference month. A job 

opening requires that: 1) a specific position exists and 

there is work available for that position, 2) work could 

start within 30 days whether or not the employer found a 

suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively 

recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the 

position. Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, 

short-term, and seasonal openings. Active recruiting 

means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a 

position by advertising in newspapers or on the Internet, 

posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or 

using other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, 

demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also 

excluded are jobs with start dates more than 30 days in 

the future, jobs for which employees have been hired but 

have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled by 

employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing 

companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job 

openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job 

openings by the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires. The hires level is the total number of additions to 

the payroll occurring at any time during the reference 

month, including both new and rehired employees, fulltime and part-time, permanent, short-term and seasonal 

employees, employees recalled to the location after a 

layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent 

employees who returned to work after having been 

formally separated, and transfers from other locations. 

The hires count does not include transfers or promotions 

within the reporting site, employees returning from strike, 

employees of temporary help agencies or employee 

leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. 

The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of 

hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by 

100.

Separations. The separations level is the total number of 

employment terminations occurring at any time during the 

reference month, and is reported by type of separation—

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. 

(Some respondents are only able to report total 

separations.) The quits count includes voluntary 

separations by employees (except for retirements, which 

are reported as other separations). The layoffs and 

discharges count is comprised of involuntary separations 

initiated by the employer and includes layoffs with no 

intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last 

more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 

downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for 

cause; terminations of permanent or short-term 

employees; and terminations of seasonal employees. The 

other separations count includes retirements, transfers to 

other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. 

The separations count does not include transfers within 

the same location or employees on strike. The separations 

rate is computed by dividing the number of separations by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The 

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates 

are computed similarly.

Annual estimates. Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs 

and discharges, other separations, and total separations 

are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. Annual 

rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the 

Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual average 

employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

This figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 

12 monthly rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual 

estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted 

data and are released with the January news release each 

year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job openings 

because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, 

measurement for the last business day of each month.
Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 

16,400 nonfarm business and government establishments. 

The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry 

sector, and establishment size class. The establishments 

are drawn from a universe of over 9.1 million 

establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of 

Employment and Wages (QCEW) program which

includes all employers subject to state unemployment 

insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the 

Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees

program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or 

ratio adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment 

estimates of the CES survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS 

employment is used to adjust the levels for all other 

JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only 

be as current as its sampling frame. The time lag from the 

birth of an establishment until its appearance on the 

sampling frame is approximately one year. In addition, 

many of these new units may fail within the first year. 

Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the 

sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot 

capture job openings, hires, and separations from these 

units during their early existence. To compensate for the 

inability to capture data from these establishments, BLS 

has developed a birth/death model that uses birth and 

death activity from previous years. The estimates of job 

openings, hires, and separations produced by the 

birth/death model are added to the sample-based estimates 

produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for 

openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-12 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several 

JOLTS series utilizing moving averages as seasonal 

filters. A concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is 

used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are 

calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and 

including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at 

the beginning and end of the series and to detect and 

adjust for outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be 

used to derive a measure of net employment change. This 

change should be comparable to the net employment 

change from the much larger CES survey. However, 

definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors between the two surveys historically 

caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit 

the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

Monthly Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the 

seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend 

(hires minus separations) forcing them to be 

approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality 

of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally 

adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied 

employment change and the CES net employment change 

is calculated. Next, the JOLTS implied employment 

change is adjusted to equal the CES net employment 

change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure 

adjusts the two components (hires, separations) 

proportionally to their contribution to the total churn 

(hires plus separations). The adjusted hires and 

separations are converted back to not seasonally adjusted 

data by reversing the application of the original seasonal 

factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been 

used to adjust the level estimates, rate estimates are 

computed from the adjusted levels. 

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and 

nonsampling error. When a sample is surveyed rather than 

the entire population, there is a chance that the sample 

estimates may differ from the "true" population values 

they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, 

varies depending on the particular sample selected, and 

this variability is measured by the standard error of the 

estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate 

based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 

standard errors from the "true" population value because 

of sampling error. Estimates of sampling errors are 

available upon request.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling 

error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, 

including the failure to include a segment of the 

population, the inability to obtain data from all units in 

the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents 

to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by 

respondents, errors made in the collection or processing 

of the data, and errors from the employment benchmark 

data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

June

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Apr.

2013

May

2013

June

2013p

June

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Apr.

2013

May

2013

June

2013p

Total............................................. 3,792 3,899 3,875 3,800 3,907 3,936 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.8

INDUSTRY

Total private4................................ 3,420 3,478 3,473 3,400 3,479 3,534 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.0

Construction............................... 77 116 108 99 102 133 1.4 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.7 2.2

Manufacturing............................. 310 274 271 243 237 215 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . .. 584 644 669 715 784 775 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.9 2.9

Retail trade.............................. 337 396 424 455 514 524 2.2 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.3 3.3

Professional and business services. . .. 751 709 692 731 632 701 4.0 3.7 3.6 3.8 3.3 3.6

Education and health services6

. . . . . . .. 717 672 687 662 660 641 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.0

Health care and social assistance. .. 657 612 621 600 602 587 3.7 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.3

Leisure and hospitality.................... 451 488 500 468 477 473 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation... 44 52 64 57 59 43 2.2 2.5 3.1 2.8 2.8 2.1

Accommodation and food services... 408 437 436 410 419 430 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.4

Government7

................................ 372 421 402 401 428 402 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.8

State and local............................ 301 357 344 330 367 344 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.9 1.8

REGION8

Northeast..................................... 684 700 699 638 654 672 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.5

South.......................................... 1,513 1,547 1,501 1,525 1,555 1,566 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1

Midwest....................................... 770 831 825 805 886 888 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.8 2.8

West........................................... 824 821 850 831 812 810 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6

1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,

Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana,

Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado,

Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

June

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Apr.

2013

May

2013

June

2013p

June

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Apr.

2013

May

2013

June

2013p

Total.............................................. 4,357 4,451 4,227 4,395 4,490 4,201 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.1

INDUSTRY

Total private4................................ 4,081 4,138 3,931 4,100 4,206 3,928 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.4

Construction............................... 347 353 320 283 317 300 6.2 6.1 5.5 4.9 5.5 5.2

Manufacturing............................. 283 231 201 222 239 225 2.4 1.9 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . .. 855 936 821 868 889 842 3.4 3.6 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.3

Retail trade.............................. 573 651 562 598 620 584 3.9 4.3 3.7 4.0 4.1 3.9

Professional and business services. . .. 921 845 831 912 890 875 5.1 4.6 4.5 5.0 4.8 4.7

Education and health services6

. . . . . . .. 486 499 520 544 541 454 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.2

Health care and social assistance. .. 417 437 443 465 468 404 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.3

Leisure and hospitality.................... 729 762 776 809 802 789 5.3 5.5 5.5 5.8 5.7 5.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation... 113 116 123 123 124 130 5.8 5.8 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.3

Accommodation and food services... 616 646 653 686 678 659 5.2 5.4 5.4 5.7 5.6 5.4

Government7

................................ 275 313 295 295 284 274 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3

State and local............................ 245 266 264 262 258 244 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3

REGION8

Northeast..................................... 722 716 722 742 724 694 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.7

South.......................................... 1,727 1,843 1,640 1,720 1,760 1,664 3.6 3.8 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.4

Midwest....................................... 974 848 907 952 1,036 888 3.2 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.4 2.9

West........................................... 933 1,044 959 981 971 956 3.2 3.5 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.2

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,

Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana,

Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado,

Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

June

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Apr.

2013

May

2013

June

2013p

June

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Apr.

2013

May

2013

June

2013p

Total.............................................. 4,292 4,180 4,123 4,287 4,381 4,081 3.2 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.0

INDUSTRY

Total private4................................ 3,988 3,884 3,819 3,987 4,081 3,782 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.3

Construction............................... 336 322 316 300 306 294 6.0 5.6 5.4 5.2 5.3 5.1

Manufacturing............................. 266 225 203 224 249 229 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.9 2.1 1.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . .. 853 863 820 857 883 802 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.1

Retail trade.............................. 569 583 557 604 613 556 3.8 3.9 3.7 4.0 4.1 3.7

Professional and business services. . .. 895 770 780 858 848 835 5.0 4.2 4.2 4.7 4.6 4.5

Education and health services6

. . . . . . .. 487 482 482 518 544 476 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.3

Health care and social assistance. .. 408 413 416 445 477 414 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.8 2.4

Leisure and hospitality.................... 702 730 738 779 734 690 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.5 5.2 4.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation... 102 103 108 120 108 96 5.2 5.2 5.4 6.0 5.3 4.7

Accommodation and food services... 600 627 631 659 626 593 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.5 5.2 4.9

Government7

................................ 304 296 304 300 300 299 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

State and local............................ 272 251 260 256 261 266 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4

REGION8

Northeast..................................... 687 682 711 697 695 660 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6

South.......................................... 1,702 1,712 1,599 1,645 1,726 1,643 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.3

Midwest....................................... 925 874 880 924 986 832 3.0 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.2 2.7

West........................................... 978 911 933 1,021 974 946 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.3 3.2

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,

Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana,

Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado,

Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

June

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Apr.

2013

May

2013

June

2013p

June

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Apr.

2013

May

2013

June

2013p

Total.............................................. 2,148 2,286 2,099 2,185 2,233 2,160 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

INDUSTRY

Total private4................................ 2,016 2,159 1,967 2,040 2,098 2,029 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8

Construction............................... 82 106 91 98 103 101 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.7

Manufacturing............................. 111 102 94 109 112 102 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . .. 481 501 446 470 453 462 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8

Retail trade.............................. 339 354 318 340 321 329 2.3 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.2

Professional and business services. . .. 389 385 372 410 418 417 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.2

Education and health services6

. . . . . . .. 264 289 281 283 283 288 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

Health care and social assistance. .. 228 255 255 251 246 255 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5

Leisure and hospitality.................... 452 491 445 454 464 443 3.3 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation... 49 54 47 42 42 50 2.5 2.7 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.5

Accommodation and food services... 403 437 397 412 422 393 3.4 3.7 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.2

Government7

................................ 132 127 131 146 135 131 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6

State and local............................ 123 116 120 134 124 121 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6

REGION8

Northeast..................................... 317 311 288 308 323 295 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.1

South.......................................... 918 1,034 894 918 964 910 1.9 2.1 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.8

Midwest....................................... 476 469 473 516 494 504 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.6

West........................................... 437 472 444 444 452 451 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,

Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana,

Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado,

Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

June

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Apr.

2013

May

2013

June

2013p

June

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Apr.

2013

May

2013

June

2013p

Total.............................................. 1,786 1,572 1,686 1,741 1,752 1,537 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private4................................ 1,679 1,467 1,572 1,645 1,649 1,440 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3

Construction............................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Manufacturing............................. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Retail trade.............................. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Professional and business services. . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Education and health services6

. . . . . . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Health care and social assistance. .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Leisure and hospitality.................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Arts, entertainment, and recreation... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Accommodation and food services... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Government7

................................ 107 104 114 96 103 97 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4

State and local............................ – – – – – – – – – – – –

REGION8

Northeast..................................... 296 300 358 324 302 297 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2

South.......................................... 648 561 584 601 625 600 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2

Midwest....................................... 374 334 329 325 416 257 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.3 0.8

West........................................... 467 376 415 491 410 384 1.6 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.4 1.3

1 Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,

Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana,

Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado,

Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

- Data not available.
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands)2 Rates3

June

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Apr.

2013

May

2013

June

2013p

June

2012

Feb.

2013

Mar.

2013

Apr.

2013

May

2013

June

2013p

Total.............................................. 358 323 338 360 396 384 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private4................................ 293 258 280 302 333 313 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

Construction............................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Manufacturing............................. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Trade, transportation, and utilities5

. . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Retail trade.............................. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Professional and business services. . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Education and health services6

. . . . . . .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Health care and social assistance. .. – – – – – – – – – – – –

Leisure and hospitality.................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Arts, entertainment, and recreation... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Accommodation and food services... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Government7

................................ 65 66 58 58 63 71 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local............................ – – – – – – – – – – – –

REGION8

Northeast..................................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

South.......................................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

Midwest....................................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

West........................................... – – – – – – – – – – – –

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

3 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.

7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.

8 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,

Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana,

Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado,

Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

- Data not available.
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2012

May

2013

June

2013p

June

2012

May

2013

June

2013p

Total...................................................................... 3,777 3,928 3,953 2.7 2.8 2.8

INDUSTRY

Total private........................................................... 3,368 3,487 3,524 2.9 3.0 3.0

Mining and logging................................................ 17 22 23 1.9 2.5 2.5

Construction........................................................ 80 112 148 1.4 1.9 2.4

Manufacturing...................................................... 323 241 219 2.6 2.0 1.8

Durable goods................................................... 208 147 151 2.7 1.9 2.0

Nondurable goods.............................................. 114 94 68 2.5 2.1 1.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................... 567 785 759 2.2 2.9 2.8

Wholesale trade................................................. 139 117 103 2.4 2.0 1.8

Retail trade....................................................... 331 513 523 2.2 3.3 3.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities................... 97 154 133 1.9 3.0 2.6

Information.......................................................... 106 97 104 3.8 3.5 3.7

Financial activities................................................. 230 305 340 2.9 3.7 4.1

Finance and insurance......................................... 176 220 272 2.9 3.6 4.4

Real estate and rental and leasing........................... 54 85 68 2.6 4.1 3.3

Professional and business services............................. 716 608 680 3.8 3.2 3.5

Education and health services................................... 690 660 610 3.3 3.1 2.9

Educational services............................................ 60 58 52 1.9 1.7 1.6

Health care and social assistance............................ 630 603 558 3.6 3.4 3.1

Leisure and hospitality............................................ 476 509 502 3.2 3.4 3.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation........................... 44 79 40 1.9 3.6 1.7

Accommodation and food services........................... 433 430 462 3.5 3.4 3.6

Other services...................................................... 163 148 138 2.9 2.6 2.4

Government........................................................... 408 441 429 1.8 1.9 1.9

Federal.............................................................. 67 60 53 2.3 2.1 1.9

State and local..................................................... 341 380 376 1.8 1.9 1.9

REGION3

Northeast.............................................................. 693 662 682 2.6 2.5 2.6

South................................................................... 1,461 1,563 1,535 2.9 3.1 3.0

Midwest................................................................ 758 886 881 2.4 2.8 2.8

West.................................................................... 865 817 855 2.8 2.7 2.8

1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,

Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana,

Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado,

Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2012

May

2013

June

2013p

June

2012

May

2013

June

2013p

Total...................................................................... 5,130 5,068 4,918 3.8 3.7 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private........................................................... 4,724 4,760 4,537 4.2 4.2 3.9

Mining and logging................................................ 33 29 31 3.8 3.4 3.6

Construction........................................................ 433 396 372 7.4 6.8 6.2

Manufacturing...................................................... 321 282 265 2.7 2.4 2.2

Durable goods................................................... 194 173 155 2.6 2.3 2.0

Nondurable goods.............................................. 128 109 110 2.8 2.5 2.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................... 880 949 856 3.4 3.7 3.3

Wholesale trade................................................. 129 120 125 2.3 2.1 2.2

Retail trade....................................................... 583 676 590 3.9 4.5 3.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities................... 167 153 141 3.4 3.0 2.8

Information.......................................................... 69 76 99 2.6 2.8 3.7

Financial activities................................................. 214 237 219 2.7 3.0 2.8

Finance and insurance......................................... 137 157 138 2.3 2.7 2.3

Real estate and rental and leasing........................... 77 80 81 3.9 4.0 4.0

Professional and business services............................. 1,023 994 973 5.7 5.4 5.2

Education and health services................................... 590 535 542 2.9 2.6 2.7

Educational services............................................ 79 51 53 2.5 1.5 1.7

Health care and social assistance............................ 512 484 489 3.0 2.8 2.8

Leisure and hospitality............................................ 887 1,018 959 6.2 7.1 6.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation........................... 163 196 190 7.4 9.4 8.3

Accommodation and food services........................... 724 822 769 6.0 6.7 6.1

Other services...................................................... 274 243 222 5.0 4.4 4.0

Government........................................................... 407 308 380 1.9 1.4 1.7

Federal.............................................................. 43 32 41 1.5 1.2 1.5

State and local..................................................... 363 276 340 1.9 1.4 1.8

REGION3

Northeast.............................................................. 936 832 895 3.7 3.2 3.5

South................................................................... 1,899 1,893 1,820 3.9 3.8 3.7

Midwest................................................................ 1,186 1,257 1,070 3.9 4.1 3.4

West.................................................................... 1,110 1,086 1,133 3.8 3.6 3.8

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,

Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana,

Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado,

Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2012

May

2013

June

2013p

June

2012

May

2013

June

2013p

Total...................................................................... 4,476 4,286 4,284 3.3 3.1 3.1

INDUSTRY

Total private........................................................... 4,011 3,943 3,790 3.6 3.5 3.3

Mining and logging................................................ 27 22 23 3.1 2.6 2.6

Construction........................................................ 286 276 258 4.9 4.7 4.3

Manufacturing...................................................... 266 251 237 2.2 2.1 2.0

Durable goods................................................... 155 148 134 2.1 2.0 1.8

Nondurable goods.............................................. 111 103 103 2.5 2.3 2.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................... 832 823 779 3.3 3.2 3.0

Wholesale trade................................................. 116 105 101 2.0 1.8 1.7

Retail trade....................................................... 555 581 540 3.7 3.9 3.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities................... 161 137 138 3.2 2.7 2.7

Information.......................................................... 61 72 87 2.3 2.7 3.2

Financial activities................................................. 164 195 158 2.1 2.5 2.0

Finance and insurance......................................... 112 136 106 1.9 2.3 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing........................... 52 59 52 2.6 3.0 2.6

Professional and business services............................. 870 838 830 4.8 4.5 4.5

Education and health services................................... 606 551 559 3.0 2.7 2.7

Educational services............................................ 135 77 103 4.3 2.3 3.3

Health care and social assistance............................ 471 474 456 2.8 2.7 2.6

Leisure and hospitality............................................ 714 712 693 5.0 5.0 4.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation........................... 83 89 80 3.8 4.2 3.5

Accommodation and food services........................... 631 623 613 5.2 5.1 4.9

Other services...................................................... 186 203 166 3.4 3.7 3.0

Government........................................................... 465 343 494 2.1 1.5 2.3

Federal.............................................................. 32 34 30 1.1 1.2 1.1

State and local..................................................... 433 310 464 2.3 1.6 2.4

REGION3

Northeast.............................................................. 738 625 698 2.9 2.4 2.7

South................................................................... 1,759 1,750 1,719 3.6 3.5 3.5

Midwest................................................................ 966 948 877 3.2 3.1 2.8

West.................................................................... 1,013 963 990 3.4 3.2 3.3

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,

Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana,

Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado,

Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2012

May

2013

June

2013p

June

2012

May

2013

June

2013p

Total...................................................................... 2,348 2,311 2,365 1.7 1.7 1.7

INDUSTRY

Total private........................................................... 2,157 2,151 2,172 1.9 1.9 1.9

Mining and logging................................................ 16 13 14 1.8 1.4 1.6

Construction........................................................ 88 103 111 1.5 1.8 1.8

Manufacturing...................................................... 126 124 115 1.0 1.0 1.0

Durable goods................................................... 65 69 63 0.9 0.9 0.8

Nondurable goods.............................................. 62 55 52 1.4 1.2 1.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................... 496 454 478 1.9 1.8 1.8

Wholesale trade................................................. 68 55 64 1.2 1.0 1.1

Retail trade....................................................... 349 331 338 2.4 2.2 2.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities................... 79 69 76 1.6 1.4 1.5

Information.......................................................... 38 35 42 1.4 1.3 1.6

Financial activities................................................. 93 112 97 1.2 1.4 1.2

Finance and insurance......................................... 64 79 68 1.1 1.3 1.1

Real estate and rental and leasing........................... 28 33 30 1.4 1.6 1.5

Professional and business services............................. 409 442 445 2.3 2.4 2.4

Education and health services................................... 290 284 314 1.4 1.4 1.5

Educational services............................................ 50 36 46 1.6 1.1 1.5

Health care and social assistance............................ 240 248 268 1.4 1.4 1.5

Leisure and hospitality............................................ 495 475 482 3.5 3.3 3.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation........................... 53 40 56 2.4 1.9 2.4

Accommodation and food services........................... 442 435 426 3.7 3.5 3.4

Other services...................................................... 107 109 75 1.9 2.0 1.3

Government........................................................... 191 160 193 0.9 0.7 0.9

Federal.............................................................. 11 11 11 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local..................................................... 180 149 182 0.9 0.8 1.0

REGION3

Northeast.............................................................. 360 326 327 1.4 1.3 1.3

South................................................................... 982 1,006 977 2.0 2.0 2.0

Midwest................................................................ 522 495 561 1.7 1.6 1.8

West.................................................................... 484 484 500 1.6 1.6 1.7

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,

Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana,

Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado,

Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2012

May

2013

June

2013p

June

2012

May

2013

June

2013p

Total...................................................................... 1,728 1,593 1,474 1.3 1.2 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private........................................................... 1,574 1,477 1,313 1.4 1.3 1.1

Mining and logging................................................ 9 9 7 1.1 1.0 0.8

Construction........................................................ 188 159 136 3.2 2.7 2.3

Manufacturing...................................................... 122 101 95 1.0 0.8 0.8

Durable goods................................................... 79 67 55 1.0 0.9 0.7

Nondurable goods.............................................. 43 34 39 1.0 0.8 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................... 258 303 228 1.0 1.2 0.9

Wholesale trade................................................. 39 45 32 0.7 0.8 0.5

Retail trade....................................................... 158 204 152 1.1 1.4 1.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities................... 61 54 44 1.2 1.1 0.9

Information.......................................................... 17 24 37 0.6 0.9 1.4

Financial activities................................................. 43 49 32 0.5 0.6 0.4

Finance and insurance......................................... 20 29 17 0.3 0.5 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing........................... 23 20 15 1.2 1.0 0.7

Professional and business services............................. 401 372 345 2.2 2.0 1.9

Education and health services................................... 267 174 180 1.3 0.8 0.9

Educational services............................................ 75 33 49 2.4 1.0 1.6

Health care and social assistance............................ 192 141 131 1.1 0.8 0.8

Leisure and hospitality............................................ 193 197 171 1.3 1.4 1.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation........................... 29 46 21 1.3 2.2 0.9

Accommodation and food services........................... 164 151 149 1.4 1.2 1.2

Other services...................................................... 77 89 82 1.4 1.6 1.5

Government........................................................... 154 116 161 0.7 0.5 0.7

Federal.............................................................. 9 11 10 0.3 0.4 0.4

State and local..................................................... 145 105 151 0.8 0.5 0.8

REGION3

Northeast.............................................................. 290 240 286 1.1 0.9 1.1

South................................................................... 628 609 588 1.3 1.2 1.2

Midwest................................................................ 362 386 239 1.2 1.2 0.8

West.................................................................... 448 356 361 1.5 1.2 1.2

1 Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,

Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana,

Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado,

Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2012

May

2013

June

2013p

June

2012

May

2013

June

2013p

Total...................................................................... 400 382 445 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private........................................................... 280 315 305 0.2 0.3 0.3

Mining and logging................................................ 2 1 2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Construction........................................................ 10 14 11 0.2 0.2 0.2

Manufacturing...................................................... 18 27 27 0.1 0.2 0.2

Durable goods................................................... 11 13 15 0.1 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods.............................................. 7 14 12 0.1 0.3 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................... 78 66 74 0.3 0.3 0.3

Wholesale trade................................................. 9 5 5 0.2 0.1 0.1

Retail trade....................................................... 48 46 50 0.3 0.3 0.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities................... 21 14 18 0.4 0.3 0.4

Information.......................................................... 6 13 8 0.2 0.5 0.3

Financial activities................................................. 29 34 29 0.4 0.4 0.4

Finance and insurance......................................... 28 28 21 0.5 0.5 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing........................... 1 6 8 0.0 0.3 0.4

Professional and business services............................. 61 24 40 0.3 0.1 0.2

Education and health services................................... 49 92 65 0.2 0.4 0.3

Educational services............................................ 10 7 8 0.3 0.2 0.2

Health care and social assistance............................ 39 85 57 0.2 0.5 0.3

Leisure and hospitality............................................ 26 39 40 0.2 0.3 0.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation........................... 2 3 3 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services........................... 24 36 38 0.2 0.3 0.3

Other services...................................................... 2 6 9 0.0 0.1 0.2

Government........................................................... 120 68 140 0.5 0.3 0.6

Federal.............................................................. 12 12 10 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local..................................................... 108 56 130 0.6 0.3 0.7

REGION3

Northeast.............................................................. 88 58 85 0.3 0.2 0.3

South................................................................... 149 134 153 0.3 0.3 0.3

Midwest................................................................ 82 67 77 0.3 0.2 0.2

West.................................................................... 81 123 130 0.3 0.4 0.4

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,

Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana,

Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado,

Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.