2

Technical information:

Household data: (202) 691-6378

http://www.bls.gov/cps/

Establishment data: 691-6555

http://www.bls.gov/ces/

Media contact: 691-5902

USDL 02-509

Transmission of material in this release is

embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EDT),

Friday, September 6 , 2002.

2000 2001 2002 122.0

124.0

126.0

128.0

130.0

132.0

134.0

Millions

 Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted,

 September 1999 - August 2002

 Chart 2.

0.0

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: AUGUST 2002

Both payroll employment and the unemployment rate were little changed in August, the Bureau of Labor

Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. Job gains in services, government, and

construction were largely offset by losses in manufacturing and retail trade.

Unemployment (Household Survey Data)

Both the unemployment rate, 5.7 percent, and the number of unemployed persons, 8.1 million, were little

changed over the month. The jobless rates for the major worker groups—adult men (5.2 percent), adult

women (4.9 percent), teenagers (17.2 percent), whites (5.1 percent), blacks (9.6 percent), and Hispanics

(7.5 percent)—showed little or no change. (See tables A-1 and A-2.)

The number of persons unemployed 15 weeks or more was 2.8 million in August, down from the recent

high of 3.1 million in June. (See table A-6.)

Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

Total employment rose by 429,000 to 134.5 million in August, after seasonal adjustment. The

employment-population ratio was up by 0.2 percentage point to 62.8 percent. The civilian labor force

(142.6 million) and the labor force participation rate (66.6 percent) were essentially unchanged over the

month. (See table A-1.)

2000 2001 2002 3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

Percent

Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,

September 1999 - August 2002

Chart 1.

0.0
2

Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Quarterly averages Monthly data JulyCategory Aug.

I II June July Aug. change 

HOUSEHOLD DATA Labor force status

Civilian labor force............................. 141,868 142,605 142,476 142,390 142,616 226

Employment................................... 133,894 134,149 134,053 134,045 134,474 429

Unemployment.............................. 7,975 8,456 8,424 8,345 8,142 -203

Not in labor force................................ 71,342 71,059 71,366 71,633 71,609 -24

All workers......................................... 5.6 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.7 -0.2

Adult men...................................... 5.1 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.2 .0

Adult women................................. 4.9 5.2 5.1 5.2 4.9 -.3

Teenagers...................................... 16.0 17.1 17.6 17.7 17.2 -.5

White.............................................. 5.0 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.1 -.2

Black.............................................. 10.1 10.7 10.7 9.9 9.6 -.3

Hispanic origin............................... 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.6 7.5 -.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Nonfarm employment......................... 130,759 130,706 130,736 p130,803 p130,842 p39

Goods-producing1.......................... 24,049 23,879 23,861 p23,820 p23,787 p-33

Construction............................ 6,602 6,544 6,549 p6,519 p6,553 p34

Manufacturing......................... 16,883 16,776 16,757 p16,750 p16,682 p-68

Service-producing1...................... 106,711 106,827 106,875 p106,983 p107,055 p72

Retail trade............................... 23,353 23,327 23,308 p23,341 p23,286 p-55

Services.................................... 40,924 41,090 41,152 p41,212 p41,312 p100

Government.............................. 21,165 21,201 21,211 p21,231 p21,272 p41

Hours of work2

Total private........................................ 34.2 34.2 34.3 p34.0 p34.1 p0.1

Manufacturing................................ 40.8 41.0 41.1 p40.7 p40.8 p.1

Overtime................................... 4.0 4.2 4.3 p4.0 p4.2 p.2

Total private........................................ 148.2 148.3 148.6 p147.5 p147.9 p0.4

Earnings2

Average hourly earnings,

total private................................... $14.62 $14.71 $14.75 p$14.78 p$14.82 p$0.04

Average weekly earnings,

total private................................... 499.52 503.58 505.93 p502.52 p505.36 p2.84

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.

p=preliminary.

2002

Unemployment rates

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (1982=100)2

Employment

2002
3

About 6.8 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) held more than one job in August. These multiple

jobholders represented 5.0 percent of the total employed. (See table A-10.)

Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

About 1.4 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) were marginally attached to the labor force in August,

essentially the same as a year earlier. These individuals reported that they wanted and were available for

work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed,

however, because they had not actively searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. The number

of discouraged workers was 372,000 in August. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached,

were not currently looking for work specifically because they believed no jobs were available for them.

(See table A-10.)

Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)

Total nonfarm payroll employment was little changed (+39,000) in August at 130.8 million. Since its

recent low in April, payroll employment has edged up by 162,000. (See table B-1.)

The services industry added 100,000 jobs in August. Employment in this industry has risen by 411,000

since February. Employment in health services rose by 26,000 in August, in line with the average monthly

increase over the prior 12 months. The help supply industry, which provides workers to other businesses,

added 51,000 jobs over the month, following a decline of 30,000 in July. Since its recent low point in

February of this year, employment in help supply services has risen by 165,000.

Government employment rose by 41,000 over the month. The federal government added 20,000 jobs,

mostly reflecting an increase in the number of federal security personnel at airports. Employment in local

government grew by 34,000 in August, due largely to a gain in local education. State education employment

fell by 20,000, after increasing by the same amount in July.

Employment in construction increased by 34,000 in August. Despite this one-month increase, the level of

construction employment in August was essentially the same as in April.

Manufacturing employment declined by 68,000 in August; this compares with losses in the prior 4 months

that averaged 18,000. In August, job losses were widespread, including substantial declines in electronic and

other electrical equipment (-18,000) and industrial machinery and equipment (-13,000). After remaining fairly

steady from January through July, employment in fabricated metal products decreased by 10,000 in August.

Rubber and plastics manufacturing lost 7,000 jobs, offsetting the previous month’s increase.

Retail trade, which had shown little change on balance since February, lost 55,000 jobs in August. A

decline in department store employment (-41,000) accounted for most of the drop.

Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)

The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls edged up

by 0.1 hour in August to 34.1 hours, seasonally adjusted. This follows a decline of 0.3 hour in July. The

manufacturing workweek also was up by 0.1 hour over the month to 40.8 hours. Manufacturing overtime

rose by 0.2 hour to 4.2 hours. Both measures had declined in July. (See table B-2.)

The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm

payrolls rose by 0.3 percent in August to 147.9 (1982=100). The manufacturing index was down by

0.2 percent over the month. (See table B-5.)
4

Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)

Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased

by 4 cents in August to $14.82, seasonally adjusted. Average weekly earnings increased by 0.6 percent

over the month to $505.36. Over the year, both average hourly earnings and average weekly earnings grew

by 3.1 percent. (See table B-3.)

______________________________

The Employment Situation for September 2002 is scheduled to be released on Friday, October 4, at

8:30 A.M. (EDT).
5

Upcoming Changes to National Nonfarm Payroll Series in June 2003

NAICS conversion. The nonfarm payroll series, produced from the Current Employment

Statistics (CES) program, will be converted from the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification

(SIC) basis to the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) basis with

the June 6, 2003, release of May 2003 estimates. The NAICS conversion involves major

definitional changes to many of the currently published SIC-based series. After the conversion

to NAICS, SIC-based series will no longer be produced or published. Historical time series

will be reconstructed as part of the NAICS conversion process. All published series will have

a NAICS-based history extending back to at least January 1990. For total nonfarm and other

high-level aggregates, NAICS history will begin in January 1939, the current starting date for

these series. For more detailed series, the starting date will vary depending on the scope of the

definitional changes between SIC and NAICS. The NAICS-based reconstruction effort will

cover all CES published data types: all employees, women workers, production workers,

average weekly hours, average hourly earnings, and derivative series (for example, indexes of

aggregate weekly hours).

Completion of the CES sample redesign. June 6, 2003, also will mark the completion

of the CES sample redesign phase-in. The redesign converts the CES from a quota-based

sample to a probability-based sample. In June 2003, the services industries will be converted

to the new sample design; all other private sector industries have already been converted. The

final stage of sample redesign phase-in may result in level shifts for average weekly hours,

average hourly earnings, production worker, and women worker series. New levels for these

series are being recomputed from the NAICS-based probability sample.

Concurrent seasonal adjustment. Also beginning in June 2003, the CES program will

convert to concurrent seasonal adjustment, which uses all available monthly estimates, including

those for the current month, in developing seasonal factors. Currently, the CES program

projects seasonal factors twice a year. With the introduction of concurrent seasonal adjustment,

BLS will no longer publish seasonal factors for CES national estimates.

Change to federal government series. Beginning in June 2003, the CES series for

federal government employment will be revised slightly in scope and definition due to a change

in source data and estimation methods. The current national series is an end-of-month federal

employee count produced by the Office of Personnel Management, and it excludes some

workers, mostly employees who work in Department of Defense-owned establishments such as

military base commissaries. The CES national series will include these workers. Also, federal

government employment will be estimated from a sample of federal establishments, will be

benchmarked annually to counts from unemployment insurance tax records, and will reflect

employee counts as of the pay period including the 12th of the month, consistent with other

CES industry series. The historical time series for federal government employment will be

revised to reflect these changes.

Further information on upcoming changes to CES data series is available through the BLS

public database on the Internet, via the CES homepage at http://www.bls.gov/ces/, or by calling

202-691-6555.
Explanatory Note

This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the

Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current

Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household

survey provides the information on the labor force, employment, and

unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD

DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted

by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

The establishment survey provides the information on the

employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that

appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This

information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation

with State agencies. In June 2002, the sample included over 300,000

establishments employing about 37 million people.

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular

week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the

establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including

the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences

between surveys

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire

civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of

questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and

over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or

not in the labor force.

People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid

employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours

in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if

they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons.

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following

criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they

were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to

find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need

not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon

the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed

persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not

in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation

rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the

population.

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from

private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as

well as Federal, State, and local government entities. Employees on

nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference

pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each

job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and

relate only to production workers in the goods-producing sector

and nonsupervisory workers in the service-producing sector.

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual

and methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment

estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

• The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed,

unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed.

These groups are excluded from the establishment survey.

• The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the

employed. The establishment survey does not.

• The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.

The establishment survey is not limited by age.

• The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because

individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job.

In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and

thus appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for

each appearance.

Other differences between the two surveys are described in

“Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and Payroll

Surveys,” which may be obtained from BLS upon request.

Seasonal adjustment

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation’s labor force and

the levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or

expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and

closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be

very large; seasonal fluctuations may account for as much as

95 percent of the month-to-month changes in unemployment.

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern

each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated

by adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments

make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic

activity or increases in the participation of women in the labor

force, easier to spot. For example, the large number of youth entering

the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that

have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the

level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the

effect of students finishing school in previous years is known, the

statistics for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly,

the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze

changes in economic activity.

In both the household and establishment surveys, most seasonally

adjusted series are independently adjusted. However, the adjusted

series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment,

employment in most major industry divisions, total employment, and

unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted

component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by

summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this
differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by

directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or

more detailed age categories.

The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are

recalculated twice a year. For the household survey, the factors are

calculated for the January-June period and again for the July-December

period. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal

adjustment are calculated for the May-October period and introduced

along with new benchmarks, and again for the November-April period.

In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are

subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather

than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample

estimates may differ from the “true” population values they represent.

The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the

particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the

standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or

level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by

no more than 1.6 standard errors from the “true” population value

because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at

the 90-percent level of confidence.

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total

employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or

minus 292,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases

by 100,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence

interval on the monthly change would range from -192,000 to 392,000

(100,000 +/- 292,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results

are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent

chance that the “true” over-the-month change lies within this interval.

Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with

confidence that employment had, in fact, increased. If, however, the

reported employment rise was half a million, then all of the values

within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero.

 In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that an employment rise had, in fact, occurred. The 90-percent confidence interval for

the monthly change in unemployment is +/- 273,000, and for the

monthly change in the unemployment rate it is +/- .19 percentage point.

In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments

have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than

estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The

precision of estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated

over time such as for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal adjustment process can also improve the stability of the monthly estimates.

The household and establishment surveys are also affected by

nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons,

including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to

obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or

unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a

timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the

collection or processing of the data.

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most

recent 2 months are based on substantially incomplete returns; for this

reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only

after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all

sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final.

Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment

survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment

generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation

of employment growth (and other sources of error), a process known

as bias adjustment is included in the survey’s estimating procedures,

whereby a specified number of jobs is added to the monthly samplebased change. The size of the monthly bias adjustment is based largely

on past relationships between the sample-based estimates of

 employment and the total counts of employment described below.

The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are

adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll

employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March samplebased employment estimates and the March universe counts is known

as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey

error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, the benchmark revision for

total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.3 percent, ranging from zero

to 0.7 percent.

Additional statistics and other information

More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and

Earnings, published each month by BLS. It is available for $26.00 per

issue or $50.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office,

Washington, DC 20402. All orders must be prepaid by sending a

check or money order payable to the Superintendent of Documents,

or by charging to Mastercard or Visa.

Employment and Earnings also provides measures of

sampling error for the household survey data published in this

release. For unemployment and other labor force categories, these measures appear in tables 1-B through 1-D of its “Explanatory Notes.”

Measures of the reliability of the data drawn from the establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision due to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables 2-B through 2-H of that publication.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD

message referral phone: 1-800-877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Aug.

2001

July

2002

Aug.

2002

Aug.

2001

Apr.

2002

May 

2002

June

2002

July

2002

Aug.

2002

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 212,135 214,023 214,225 212,135 213,492 213,658 213,842 214,023 214,225

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 141,862 143,885 143,176 141,380 142,570 142,769 142,476 142,390 142,616

 Participation rate ............................................................... 66.9 67.2 66.8 66.6 66.8 66.8 66.6 66.5 66.6

 Employed .............................................................................. 134,905 135,289 135,028 134,408 133,976 134,417 134,053 134,045 134,474

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 63.6 63.2 63.0 63.4 62.8 62.9 62.7 62.6 62.8

 Agriculture .......................................................................... 3,419 3,671 3,479 3,126 3,154 3,097 3,110 3,282 3,188

 Nonagricultural industries ................................................... 131,487 131,618 131,549 131,282 130,823 131,320 130,942 130,763 131,286

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 6,956 8,595 8,148 6,972 8,594 8,351 8,424 8,345 8,142

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 4.9 6.0 5.7 4.9 6.0 5.8 5.9 5.9 5.7

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 70,274 70,139 71,049 70,755 70,922 70,889 71,366 71,633 71,609

 Persons who currently want a job ......................................... 5,062 4,856 4,751 4,788 4,468 4,779 4,689 4,895 4,503

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 101,995 102,945 103,046 101,995 102,682 102,765 102,856 102,945 103,046

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 76,102 77,274 76,669 75,538 76,009 76,415 76,189 76,041 76,088

 Participation rate ............................................................... 74.6 75.1 74.4 74.1 74.0 74.4 74.1 73.9 73.8

 Employed .............................................................................. 72,554 72,831 72,456 71,705 71,397 71,894 71,524 71,509 71,552

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 71.1 70.7 70.3 70.3 69.5 70.0 69.5 69.5 69.4

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 3,548 4,443 4,213 3,833 4,611 4,521 4,665 4,532 4,536

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 4.7 5.7 5.5 5.1 6.1 5.9 6.1 6.0 6.0

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 93,810 94,694 94,756 93,810 94,414 94,479 94,622 94,694 94,756

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 71,713 72,437 72,418 71,523 72,098 72,428 72,288 72,172 72,203

 Participation rate ............................................................... 76.4 76.5 76.4 76.2 76.4 76.7 76.4 76.2 76.2

 Employed .............................................................................. 68,828 68,877 68,958 68,388 68,193 68,647 68,390 68,405 68,447

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 73.4 72.7 72.8 72.9 72.2 72.7 72.3 72.2 72.2

 Agriculture .......................................................................... 2,301 2,463 2,400 2,129 2,213 2,125 2,138 2,256 2,221

 Nonagricultural industries ................................................... 66,527 66,413 66,557 66,259 65,980 66,522 66,251 66,149 66,226

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 2,885 3,560 3,460 3,135 3,905 3,781 3,899 3,767 3,757

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 4.0 4.9 4.8 4.4 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.2 5.2

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 110,140 111,078 111,179 110,140 110,809 110,893 110,985 111,078 111,179

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 65,759 66,610 66,507 65,842 66,561 66,354 66,287 66,349 66,527

 Participation rate ............................................................... 59.7 60.0 59.8 59.8 60.1 59.8 59.7 59.7 59.8

 Employed .............................................................................. 62,352 62,458 62,572 62,703 62,579 62,524 62,528 62,536 62,922

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 56.6 56.2 56.3 56.9 56.5 56.4 56.3 56.3 56.6

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 3,408 4,152 3,934 3,139 3,982 3,830 3,759 3,813 3,605

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 5.2 6.2 5.9 4.8 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 102,165 103,127 103,256 102,165 102,847 102,936 103,038 103,127 103,256

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 61,743 62,098 62,448 62,142 62,724 62,597 62,481 62,590 62,783

 Participation rate ............................................................... 60.4 60.2 60.5 60.8 61.0 60.8 60.6 60.7 60.8

 Employed .............................................................................. 58,851 58,656 59,037 59,526 59,333 59,337 59,316 59,364 59,710

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 57.6 56.9 57.2 58.3 57.7 57.6 57.6 57.6 57.8

 Agriculture .......................................................................... 820 867 806 781 732 760 749 814 772

 Nonagricultural industries ................................................... 58,032 57,789 58,231 58,745 58,602 58,577 58,567 58,550 58,938

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 2,892 3,442 3,411 2,616 3,391 3,260 3,165 3,226 3,073

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 4.7 5.5 5.5 4.2 5.4 5.2 5.1 5.2 4.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population .......................................... 16,161 16,202 16,212 16,161 16,231 16,243 16,182 16,202 16,212

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 8,406 9,349 8,310 7,715 7,748 7,744 7,707 7,629 7,630

 Participation rate ............................................................... 52.0 57.7 51.3 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.6 47.1 47.1

 Employed .............................................................................. 7,226 7,756 7,033 6,494 6,450 6,434 6,347 6,276 6,318

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 44.7 47.9 43.4 40.2 39.7 39.6 39.2 38.7 39.0

 Agriculture .......................................................................... 299 341 272 216 209 213 223 213 196

 Nonagricultural industries ................................................... 6,928 7,416 6,761 6,278 6,240 6,221 6,124 6,064 6,122

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,180 1,593 1,277 1,221 1,298 1,310 1,360 1,352 1,312

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 14.0 17.0 15.4 15.8 16.8 16.9 17.6 17.7 17.2

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, race, sex, age, and

Hispanic origin

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Aug.

2001

July

2002

Aug.

2002

Aug.

2001

Apr.

2002

May 

2002

June

2002

July

2002

Aug.

2002

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 176,069 177,345 177,486 176,069 176,972 177,087 177,217 177,345 177,486

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 118,065 119,749 119,117 117,813 118,661 118,742 118,530 118,678 118,919

 Participation rate ................................................................. 67.1 67.5 67.1 66.9 67.1 67.1 66.9 66.9 67.0

 Employed .............................................................................. 113,084 113,470 113,159 112,740 112,426 112,563 112,382 112,446 112,844

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 64.2 64.0 63.8 64.0 63.5 63.6 63.4 63.4 63.6

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 4,981 6,279 5,958 5,073 6,236 6,179 6,148 6,233 6,075

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 4.2 5.2 5.0 4.3 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.1

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 60,648 61,202 61,200 60,631 60,867 61,095 61,007 61,068 61,240

 Participation rate ................................................................. 76.8 76.9 76.8 76.8 76.6 76.9 76.7 76.7 76.9

 Employed .............................................................................. 58,589 58,571 58,623 58,306 57,921 58,170 58,112 58,164 58,332

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 74.2 73.6 73.6 73.8 72.9 73.2 73.1 73.1 73.2

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 2,059 2,631 2,577 2,325 2,946 2,926 2,895 2,904 2,908

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 3.4 4.3 4.2 3.8 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.7

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 50,268 50,671 50,913 50,655 51,289 51,163 51,060 51,125 51,297

 Participation rate ................................................................. 59.6 59.7 59.9 60.1 60.5 60.4 60.2 60.2 60.4

 Employed .............................................................................. 48,204 48,221 48,438 48,809 48,908 48,871 48,812 48,856 49,076

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 57.2 56.8 57.0 57.9 57.7 57.7 57.5 57.6 57.8

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 2,065 2,450 2,475 1,846 2,381 2,292 2,248 2,268 2,221

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 4.1 4.8 4.9 3.6 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 7,149 7,875 7,004 6,527 6,505 6,483 6,464 6,485 6,382

 Participation rate ................................................................. 55.8 61.3 54.5 50.9 50.7 50.5 50.3 50.5 49.7

 Employed .............................................................................. 6,292 6,677 6,098 5,625 5,596 5,522 5,458 5,425 5,437

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 49.1 52.0 47.5 43.9 43.6 43.0 42.5 42.2 42.3

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 857 1,198 906 902 908 961 1,006 1,060 945

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 12.0 15.2 12.9 13.8 14.0 14.8 15.6 16.4 14.8

 Men ................................................................................... 12.8 16.9 15.0 15.1 15.4 15.4 17.7 19.1 17.5

 Women ............................................................................. 11.0 13.4 10.8 12.4 12.5 14.2 13.4 13.6 12.1

BLACK

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 25,604 25,961 26,000 25,604 25,868 25,898 25,930 25,961 26,000

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 16,788 16,918 16,829 16,720 16,941 16,887 16,822 16,618 16,753

 Participation rate ................................................................. 65.6 65.2 64.7 65.3 65.5 65.2 64.9 64.0 64.4

 Employed .............................................................................. 15,215 15,109 15,149 15,210 15,045 15,168 15,027 14,976 15,142

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 59.4 58.2 58.3 59.4 58.2 58.6 58.0 57.7 58.2

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,572 1,809 1,680 1,510 1,896 1,718 1,794 1,642 1,611

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 9.4 10.7 10.0 9.0 11.2 10.2 10.7 9.9 9.6

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 7,418 7,521 7,489 7,418 7,528 7,573 7,543 7,472 7,492

 Participation rate ................................................................. 72.3 72.1 71.7 72.2 72.5 72.8 72.4 71.6 71.7

 Employed .............................................................................. 6,772 6,806 6,841 6,763 6,831 6,925 6,760 6,800 6,834

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 66.0 65.3 65.5 65.9 65.8 66.6 64.9 65.2 65.4

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 646 715 648 655 698 648 783 673 658

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 8.7 9.5 8.7 8.8 9.3 8.6 10.4 9.0 8.8

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 8,387 8,327 8,384 8,426 8,458 8,401 8,363 8,348 8,414

 Participation rate ................................................................. 65.3 63.9 64.2 65.6 65.1 64.6 64.3 64.1 64.5

 Employed .............................................................................. 7,756 7,534 7,642 7,835 7,597 7,606 7,628 7,602 7,719

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 60.4 57.8 58.5 61.0 58.5 58.5 58.6 58.3 59.1

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 631 794 742 591 860 794 735 746 695

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 7.5 9.5 8.8 7.0 10.2 9.5 8.8 8.9 8.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 982 1,069 956 876 954 913 916 798 847

 Participation rate ................................................................. 39.5 42.8 38.2 35.2 38.3 36.6 36.6 31.9 33.9

 Employed .............................................................................. 687 769 666 612 617 637 639 575 589

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 27.7 30.8 26.6 24.6 24.7 25.5 25.6 23.0 23.5

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 295 300 290 264 338 276 276 223 258

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 30.0 28.1 30.4 30.1 35.4 30.2 30.2 28.0 30.5

 Men ................................................................................... 32.7 23.8 32.0 31.4 37.3 36.8 30.0 20.5 30.5

 Women ............................................................................. 27.2 32.2 28.7 28.7 33.5 22.3 30.4 34.8 30.4

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, race, sex, age, and

Hispanic origin

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Aug.

2001

July

2002

Aug.

2002

Aug.

2001

Apr.

2002

May 

2002

June

2002

July

2002

Aug.

2002

HISPANIC ORIGIN

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 23,222 23,935 23,999 23,222 23,732 23,797 23,867 23,935 23,999

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 15,798 16,341 16,245 15,788 16,156 16,085 16,146 16,304 16,240

 Participation rate ................................................................. 68.0 68.3 67.7 68.0 68.1 67.6 67.6 68.1 67.7

 Employed .............................................................................. 14,778 15,111 15,029 14,771 14,877 14,963 14,959 15,066 15,014

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 63.6 63.1 62.6 63.6 62.7 62.9 62.7 62.9 62.6

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,020 1,231 1,215 1,017 1,279 1,122 1,187 1,238 1,225

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 6.5 7.5 7.5 6.4 7.9 7.0 7.4 7.6 7.5

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical

numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

 NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals

because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in

both the white and black population groups.

Table A-3. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

(Numbers in thousands)

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Aug.

2001

July

2002

Aug.

2002

Aug.

2001

Apr.

2002

May 

2002

June

2002

July

2002

Aug.

2002

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 27,468 27,112 26,900 27,468 28,155 28,073 28,105 27,112 26,900

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 12,034 11,642 11,817 11,954 12,410 12,356 12,254 11,770 11,752

 Percent of population .......................................................... 43.8 42.9 43.9 43.5 44.1 44.0 43.6 43.4 43.7

 Employed .............................................................................. 11,239 10,700 10,912 11,086 11,297 11,306 11,288 10,743 10,762

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 40.9 39.5 40.6 40.4 40.1 40.3 40.2 39.6 40.0

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 795 942 905 868 1,113 1,051 966 1,028 991

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 6.6 8.1 7.7 7.3 9.0 8.5 7.9 8.7 8.4

High school graduates, no college2

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 57,513 57,012 57,778 57,513 56,904 57,063 57,070 57,012 57,778

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 36,674 36,504 36,916 37,005 36,547 36,648 36,737 37,149 37,203

 Percent of population .......................................................... 63.8 64.0 63.9 64.3 64.2 64.2 64.4 65.2 64.4

 Employed .............................................................................. 35,105 34,651 35,076 35,403 34,459 34,605 34,676 35,250 35,323

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 61.0 60.8 60.7 61.6 60.6 60.6 60.8 61.8 61.1

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,569 1,853 1,840 1,602 2,089 2,042 2,061 1,898 1,880

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 4.3 5.1 5.0 4.3 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.1 5.1

Less than a bachelor's degree3

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 45,339 45,695 45,494 45,339 44,670 44,541 44,897 45,695 45,494

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 33,440 33,317 33,264 33,412 32,845 32,786 32,962 33,162 33,184

 Percent of population .......................................................... 73.8 72.9 73.1 73.7 73.5 73.6 73.4 72.6 72.9

 Employed .............................................................................. 32,310 31,788 31,773 32,314 31,314 31,184 31,413 31,693 31,742

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 71.3 69.6 69.8 71.3 70.1 70.0 70.0 69.4 69.8

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,130 1,529 1,490 1,098 1,532 1,602 1,550 1,469 1,443

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 3.4 4.6 4.5 3.3 4.7 4.9 4.7 4.4 4.3

College graduates

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 46,734 48,755 48,583 46,734 48,373 48,583 48,435 48,755 48,583

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 36,528 37,788 37,779 36,751 38,394 38,359 38,084 37,850 37,996

 Percent of population .......................................................... 78.2 77.5 77.8 78.6 79.4 79.0 78.6 77.6 78.2

 Employed .............................................................................. 35,547 36,566 36,568 35,930 37,236 37,239 36,971 36,750 36,974

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 76.1 75.0 75.3 76.9 77.0 76.6 76.3 75.4 76.1

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 980 1,222 1,211 821 1,158 1,121 1,113 1,100 1,021

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 2.7 3.2 3.2 2.2 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.7

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation, therefore, identical

numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

2 Includes high school diploma or equivalent. 3 Includes the categories, some college, no degree; and associate degree.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Selected employment indicators

(In thousands)

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Aug.

2001

July

2002

Aug.

2002

Aug.

2001

Apr.

2002

May 

2002

June

2002

July

2002

Aug.

2002

CHARACTERISTIC

Total employed, 16 years and over .......................................... 134,905 135,289 135,028 134,408 133,976 134,417 134,053 134,045 134,474

 Married men, spouse present ................................................. 43,215 43,273 43,458 43,143 43,167 43,548 43,140 43,273 43,371

 Married women, spouse present ............................................ 33,129 32,727 33,183 33,685 33,446 33,371 33,362 33,361 33,723

 Women who maintain families ................................................ 8,389 8,496 8,494 8,328 8,266 8,397 8,465 8,521 8,419

OCCUPATION

 Managerial and professional specialty ................................... 41,465 41,687 41,813 41,777 42,167 41,901 41,675 41,978 42,152

 Technical, sales, and administrative support .......................... 38,625 38,574 38,698 38,817 38,140 38,346 38,740 38,458 38,892

 Service occupations ............................................................... 18,287 19,183 18,921 18,134 18,749 18,909 18,889 18,752 18,771

 Precision production, craft, and repair .................................... 15,200 14,383 14,541 14,937 14,274 14,365 14,375 14,073 14,242

 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................................... 17,780 17,481 17,340 17,600 17,377 17,468 17,152 17,327 17,142

 Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................................. 3,548 3,981 3,714 3,182 3,290 3,265 3,285 3,501 3,340

CLASS OF WORKER

 Agriculture:

 Wage and salary workers ..................................................... 2,032 2,289 2,110 1,852 1,896 1,911 1,909 2,031 1,927

 Self-employed workers ......................................................... 1,349 1,349 1,337 1,239 1,216 1,156 1,158 1,227 1,231

 Unpaid family workers .......................................................... 38 34 31 29 34 40 29 27 24

 Nonagricultural industries:

 Wage and salary workers ..................................................... 122,866 123,155 123,080 122,685 122,366 123,071 122,627 122,196 122,885

 Government ........................................................................ 18,566 19,020 19,008 19,150 19,347 19,811 19,630 19,709 19,596

 Private industries ................................................................ 104,301 104,135 104,072 103,535 103,019 103,260 102,997 102,486 103,289

 Private households ........................................................... 792 879 872 814 791 775 810 855 887

 Other industries ................................................................ 103,509 103,256 103,200 102,721 102,228 102,485 102,187 101,631 102,402

 Self-employed workers ......................................................... 8,515 8,383 8,385 8,503 8,234 8,305 8,208 8,268 8,368

 Unpaid family workers .......................................................... 106 80 84 111 103 105 95 99 87

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME

 All industries:

 Part time for economic reasons ............................................ 3,289 4,286 4,190 3,389 4,151 3,996 3,899 4,177 4,325

 Slack work or business conditions ...................................... 1,946 2,712 2,658 2,115 2,690 2,626 2,588 2,723 2,880

 Could only find part-time work ............................................ 913 1,202 1,107 952 1,131 1,064 1,031 1,096 1,159

 Part time for noneconomic reasons ...................................... 16,434 16,765 16,500 19,011 18,793 18,887 19,170 19,138 19,120

 Nonagricultural industries:

 Part time for economic reasons ............................................ 3,177 4,087 3,991 3,246 4,009 3,818 3,758 3,949 4,060

 Slack work or business conditions ...................................... 1,874 2,583 2,522 2,025 2,587 2,515 2,472 2,609 2,715

 Could only find part-time work ............................................ 888 1,173 1,080 927 1,122 1,033 1,022 1,074 1,131

 Part time for noneconomic reasons ...................................... 15,886 16,214 16,004 18,485 18,274 18,350 18,739 18,572 18,609

 NOTE: Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs

during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial

dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually work full time

but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays,

illness, and bad weather.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Category

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates1

Aug.

2001

July

2002

Aug.

2002

Aug.

2001

Apr.

2002

May 

2002

June

2002

July

2002

Aug.

2002

CHARACTERISTIC

 Total, 16 years and over .......................................................... 6,972 8,345 8,142 4.9 6.0 5.8 5.9 5.9 5.7

 Men, 20 years and over ......................................................... 3,135 3,767 3,757 4.4 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.2 5.2

 Women, 20 years and over ................................................... 2,616 3,226 3,073 4.2 5.4 5.2 5.1 5.2 4.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .................................................... 1,221 1,352 1,312 15.8 16.8 16.9 17.6 17.7 17.2

 Married men, spouse present ................................................ 1,232 1,558 1,529 2.8 3.9 3.6 4.1 3.5 3.4

 Married women, spouse present ........................................... 1,074 1,289 1,223 3.1 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.5

 Women who maintain families ............................................... 603 782 665 6.8 8.6 8.1 8.2 8.4 7.3

 Full-time workers ................................................................... 5,651 6,962 6,754 4.8 6.2 5.9 6.1 5.9 5.7

 Part-time workers .................................................................. 1,334 1,388 1,430 5.4 5.2 5.6 5.0 5.4 5.6

OCCUPATION2

 Managerial and professional specialty .................................. 1,051 1,340 1,343 2.5 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.1

 Technical, sales, and administrative support ......................... 1,748 2,152 2,125 4.3 5.5 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.2

 Precision production, craft, and repair ................................... 757 960 936 4.8 6.5 5.9 5.9 6.4 6.2

 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ...................................... 1,492 1,630 1,542 7.8 9.4 8.9 9.3 8.6 8.3

 Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................................ 290 338 344 8.4 6.1 6.3 6.1 8.8 9.3

INDUSTRY

 Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers .................. 5,630 6,822 6,584 5.2 6.5 6.3 6.3 6.2 6.0

 Goods-producing industries ................................................. 1,745 1,981 1,942 6.2 7.8 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.2

 Mining ................................................................................ 27 19 31 4.7 6.0 4.4 7.9 3.8 6.0

 Construction ...................................................................... 628 824 760 7.6 9.3 8.9 9.1 10.3 9.5

 Manufacturing .................................................................... 1,090 1,138 1,150 5.7 7.2 6.7 6.8 6.3 6.3

 Durable goods ................................................................. 692 737 726 5.8 7.6 6.3 7.3 6.8 6.5

 Nondurable goods ........................................................... 398 400 424 5.4 6.6 7.5 6.1 5.6 5.9

 Service-producing industries ............................................... 3,885 4,841 4,643 4.8 6.0 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.6

 Transportation and public utilities ...................................... 292 404 372 3.6 6.1 5.7 5.9 5.3 4.8

 Wholesale and retail trade ................................................. 1,556 1,929 1,927 5.6 7.2 7.0 6.6 6.8 6.8

 Finance, insurance, and real estate .................................. 222 308 266 2.7 3.2 4.0 4.1 3.7 3.1

 Services ............................................................................. 1,815 2,200 2,078 4.9 5.8 5.6 5.9 5.8 5.4

 Government workers ............................................................. 414 505 477 2.1 2.5 2.6 2.3 2.5 2.4

 Agricultural wage and salary workers .................................... 205 217 210 10.0 9.0 9.1 8.3 9.7 9.8

1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. 2 Seasonally adjusted unemployment data for service occupations are not available

because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular

components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

Table A-6. Duration of unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Aug.

2001

July

2002

Aug.

2002

Aug.

2001

Apr.

2002

May 

2002

June

2002

July

2002

Aug.

2002

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

 Less than 5 weeks ................................................................... 2,926 3,145 2,872 2,953 2,793 2,876 2,729 2,896 2,880

 5 to 14 weeks .......................................................................... 2,333 2,666 2,658 2,152 2,818 2,531 2,784 2,464 2,431

 15 weeks and over .................................................................. 1,697 2,785 2,618 1,798 2,854 2,952 3,103 2,883 2,783

 15 to 26 weeks ..................................................................... 843 1,222 1,071 980 1,360 1,316 1,434 1,349 1,309

 27 weeks and over ............................................................... 854 1,563 1,548 818 1,494 1,636 1,669 1,533 1,474

 Average (mean) duration, in weeks ......................................... 13.2 15.9 16.3 13.2 16.6 17.1 17.3 16.4 16.2

 Median duration, in weeks ....................................................... 6.9 8.0 8.9 6.6 8.9 9.8 11.7 8.6 8.4

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

 Total unemployed .................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

 Less than 5 weeks ................................................................. 42.1 36.6 35.2 42.8 33.0 34.4 31.7 35.1 35.6

 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................................ 33.5 31.0 32.6 31.2 33.3 30.3 32.3 29.9 30.0

 15 weeks and over ................................................................ 24.4 32.4 32.1 26.0 33.7 35.3 36.0 35.0 34.4

 15 to 26 weeks .................................................................... 12.1 14.2 13.1 14.2 16.1 15.7 16.6 16.4 16.2

 27 weeks and over .............................................................. 12.3 18.2 19.0 11.8 17.6 19.6 19.4 18.6 18.2
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Reason for unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Aug.

2001

July

2002

Aug.

2002

Aug.

2001

Apr.

2002

May 

2002

June

2002

July

2002

Aug.

2002

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .......... 3,334 4,530 4,341 3,438 4,525 4,598 4,579 4,580 4,560

 On temporary layoff ................................................................ 1,000 1,228 1,075 1,071 1,095 1,091 1,061 1,224 1,151

 Not on temporary layoff .......................................................... 2,334 3,302 3,267 2,367 3,430 3,506 3,518 3,356 3,410

 Permanent job losers ............................................................ 1,704 2,547 2,464 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

 Persons who completed temporary jobs .............................. 630 756 803 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Job leavers ............................................................................... 977 854 924 877 1,017 902 836 818 824

Reentrants ................................................................................ 2,129 2,436 2,231 2,162 2,450 2,433 2,360 2,375 2,270

New entrants ............................................................................ 516 775 651 488 519 499 584 571 619

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ..................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ......... 47.9 52.7 53.3 49.4 53.2 54.5 54.8 54.9 55.1

 On temporary layoff ............................................................... 14.4 14.3 13.2 15.4 12.9 12.9 12.7 14.7 13.9

 Not on temporary layoff ......................................................... 33.5 38.4 40.1 34.0 40.3 41.6 42.1 40.2 41.2

 Job leavers .............................................................................. 14.0 9.9 11.3 12.6 12.0 10.7 10.0 9.8 10.0

 Reentrants ............................................................................... 30.6 28.3 27.4 31.0 28.8 28.9 28.2 28.5 27.4

 New entrants ........................................................................... 7.4 9.0 8.0 7.0 6.1 5.9 7.0 6.8 7.5

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ......... 2.4 3.1 3.0 2.4 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2

 Job leavers .............................................................................. .7 .6 .6 .6 .7 .6 .6 .6 .6

 Reentrants ............................................................................... 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6

 New entrants ........................................................................... .4 .5 .5 .3 .4 .3 .4 .4 .4

1 Not available.

Table A-8. Range of alternative measures of labor underutilization

(Percent)

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Aug.

2001

July

2002

Aug.

2002

Aug.

2001

Apr.

2002

May 

2002

June

2002

July

2002

Aug.

2002

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian 

labor force ............................................................................................................... 1.2 1.9 1.8 1.3 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.0 2.0

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the 

civilian labor force ................................................................................................... 2.4 3.1 3.0 2.4 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force

(official unemployment rate) ............................................................................... 4.9 6.0 5.7 4.9 6.0 5.8 5.9 5.9 5.7

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian

 labor force plus discouraged workers .................................................................... 5.1 6.2 5.9 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other marginally

 attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally

 attached workers ................................................................................................... 5.8 6.9 6.6 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus total employed

 part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

 all marginally attached workers ............................................................................. 8.1 9.9 9.5 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

1 Not available.

 NOTE: This range of alternative measures of labor underutilization replaces the U1-U7 range

published in table A-7 of this release prior to 1994. Marginally attached workers are persons

who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are

available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers,

a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently

looking for a job. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and

are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. For further

information, see "BLS introduces new range of alternative unemployment measures," in the

October 1995 issue of the Monthly Labor Review.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

Age and sex

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates1

Aug.

2001

July

2002

Aug.

2002

Aug.

2001

Apr.

2002

May 

2002

June

2002

July

2002

Aug.

2002

Total, 16 years and over ....................................... 6,972 8,345 8,142 4.9 6.0 5.8 5.9 5.9 5.7

 16 to 24 years ..................................................... 2,516 2,753 2,741 11.3 12.3 11.6 12.2 12.3 12.2

 16 to 19 years ................................................... 1,221 1,352 1,312 15.8 16.8 16.9 17.6 17.7 17.2

 16 to 17 years ................................................. 549 604 561 18.6 19.4 20.7 20.8 20.9 19.7

 18 to 19 years ................................................. 690 767 769 14.4 15.1 14.8 15.6 16.1 16.0

 20 to 24 years ................................................... 1,295 1,401 1,429 8.9 10.0 8.9 9.3 9.5 9.6

 25 years and over ............................................... 4,478 5,553 5,441 3.8 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.6 4.5

 25 to 54 years ................................................... 3,904 4,795 4,642 3.9 5.0 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.6

 55 years and over ............................................. 584 758 815 3.1 4.0 4.2 4.2 3.7 4.0

 Men, 16 years and over ...................................... 3,833 4,532 4,536 5.1 6.1 5.9 6.1 6.0 6.0

 16 to 24 years ................................................... 1,420 1,505 1,585 12.3 13.0 12.5 12.9 13.0 13.7

 16 to 19 years ................................................. 698 765 780 17.4 18.1 18.6 19.6 19.8 20.1

 16 to 17 years ............................................... 324 345 342 21.9 19.6 23.7 23.2 23.9 24.5

 18 to 19 years ............................................... 381 420 443 15.0 17.2 15.6 17.4 17.4 17.8

 20 to 24 years ................................................. 722 740 805 9.5 10.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 10.5

 25 years and over ............................................. 2,405 3,025 2,943 3.8 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.7 4.6

 25 to 54 years ................................................. 2,074 2,581 2,513 3.9 4.9 4.9 5.0 4.8 4.7

 55 years and over ........................................... 345 440 461 3.3 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.0 4.1

 Women, 16 years and over ................................ 3,139 3,813 3,605 4.8 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.4

 16 to 24 years ................................................... 1,096 1,249 1,156 10.3 11.6 10.7 11.4 11.6 10.6

 16 to 19 years ................................................. 523 587 532 14.1 15.4 15.2 15.6 15.6 14.2

 16 to 17 years ............................................... 225 259 219 15.4 19.2 17.4 18.3 17.9 15.1

 18 to 19 years ............................................... 309 347 326 13.7 12.9 14.1 13.7 14.8 14.1

 20 to 24 years ................................................. 573 662 624 8.2 9.6 8.3 9.1 9.4 8.7

 25 years and over ............................................. 2,073 2,528 2,498 3.8 5.0 4.8 4.6 4.6 4.5

 25 to 54 years ................................................. 1,830 2,214 2,129 3.9 5.1 5.1 4.8 4.8 4.6

 55 years and over ........................................... 239 318 354 2.8 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.4 3.8

1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.

Table A-10. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Category

Total Men Women

Aug.

2001

Aug.

2002

Aug.

2001

Aug.

2002

Aug.

2001

Aug.

2002

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force .................................................................. 70,274 71,049 25,893 26,377 44,380 44,672

Persons who currently want a job ................................................... 5,062 4,751 2,081 2,004 2,980 2,747

 Searched for work and available to work now1 .......................... 1,357 1,443 711 686 646 757

 Reason not currently looking:

 Discouragement over job prospects2 ................................ 335 372 176 211 159 162

 Reasons other than discouragement3 ............................... 1,022 1,070 535 475 487 595

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4 ................................................................... 6,963 6,808 3,690 3,488 3,273 3,320

 Percent of total employed ............................................................... 5.2 5.0 5.1 4.8 5.2 5.3

 Primary job full time, secondary job part time ................................. 3,787 3,688 2,213 2,082 1,574 1,606

 Primary and secondary jobs both part time .................................... 1,405 1,388 504 407 901 981

 Primary and secondary jobs both full time ...................................... 292 313 190 199 102 114

 Hours vary on primary or secondary job ......................................... 1,442 1,376 767 779 675 596

1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months

and were available to take a job during the reference week. 2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or

training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such

reasons as child-care and transportation problems, as well as a small number for

which reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their

secondary job(s), not shown separately.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Aug.

2001

June

2002

July

2002p Aug.2002p Aug.2001

Apr.

2002

May

2002

June

2002

July

2002p Aug.2002p

Total .................................................. 131,797 131,844 130,602 130,617 131,966 130,680 130,702 130,736 130,803 130,842

Total private ............................................ 111,967 110,594 110,502 110,515 110,968 109,495 109,496 109,525 109,572 109,570

Goods-producing .................................................. 25,212 24,193 24,164 24,210 24,776 23,905 23,870 23,861 23,820 23,787

Mining ............................................................... 581 561 559 562 571 564 558 555 551 552

Metal mining ................................................. 35.2 32.8 32.8 32.5 35 32 32 32 33 32

Coal mining ................................................... 81.5 79.8 78.8 78.0 82 81 80 80 79 78

Oil and gas extraction ................................... 348.7 334.4 332.1 335.6 343 339 334 333 328 330

Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels ............... 115.7 114.2 114.9 116.3 111 112 112 110 111 112

Construction ..................................................... 7,002 6,790 6,851 6,864 6,679 6,541 6,541 6,549 6,519 6,553

General building contractors ......................... 1,522.2 1,495.3 1,509.3 1,526.3 1,461 1,452 1,454 1,454 1,446 1,465

Heavy construction, except building ............. 999.9 967.3 972.1 969.9 925 901 908 910 900 897

Special trade contractors .............................. 4,480.0 4,327.1 4,369.2 4,367.7 4,293 4,188 4,179 4,185 4,173 4,191

Manufacturing ................................................... 17,629 16,842 16,754 16,784 17,526 16,800 16,771 16,757 16,750 16,682

Production workers ................................... 11,872 11,306 11,227 11,278 11,797 11,250 11,245 11,236 11,252 11,200

Durable goods ................................................ 10,549 10,002 9,913 9,913 10,516 9,976 9,963 9,944 9,925 9,879

Production workers ................................... 7,044 6,657 6,581 6,599 7,026 6,620 6,619 6,603 6,611 6,579

Lumber and wood products .......................... 798.9 776.9 779.0 783.5 783 767 770 767 767 767

Furniture and fixtures .................................... 512.7 499.5 492.5 494.0 513 497 494 495 495 494

Stone, clay, and glass products .................... 577.3 562.0 564.1 566.5 568 551 549 552 554 557

Primary metal industries ............................... 650.5 593.6 585.3 590.4 649 598 597 593 589 589

Blast furnaces and basic steel products ... 207.9 187.1 186.9 187.7 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)

Fabricated metal products ............................ 1,473.6 1,430.0 1,416.8 1,419.4 1,471 1,425 1,428 1,425 1,427 1,417

Industrial machinery and equipment ............. 1,972.6 1,840.2 1,822.3 1,808.8 1,976 1,842 1,834 1,829 1,825 1,812

Computer and office equipment ............... 337.9 306.2 303.1 300.0 336 313 308 304 301 299

Electronic and other electrical equipment ..... 1,583.1 1,429.9 1,421.6 1,406.0 1,586 1,443 1,437 1,428 1,427 1,409

Electronic components and accessories .. 632.3 564.4 559.9 553.1 635 566 567 566 563 556

Transportation equipment ............................. 1,763.2 1,688.7 1,653.2 1,670.3 1,760 1,671 1,675 1,679 1,665 1,666

Motor vehicles and equipment .................. 947.6 926.9 896.0 916.8 945 912 914 920 910 914

Aircraft and parts ...................................... 463.3 410.3 408.7 404.1 463 416 416 411 409 404

Instruments and related products ................. 840.8 808.2 807.8 801.3 837 811 807 805 803 798

Miscellaneous manufacturing ....................... 375.8 373.1 370.7 373.2 373 371 372 371 373 370

Nondurable goods .......................................... 7,080 6,840 6,841 6,871 7,010 6,824 6,808 6,813 6,825 6,803

Production workers ................................... 4,828 4,649 4,646 4,679 4,771 4,630 4,626 4,633 4,641 4,621

Food and kindred products ........................... 1,740.5 1,687.1 1,711.7 1,739.4 1,685 1,689 1,687 1,691 1,689 1,685

Tobacco products ......................................... 34.9 32.9 32.8 35.2 35 33 34 34 35 36

Textile mill products ...................................... 472.8 434.9 427.8 431.8 469 436 434 432 429 428

Apparel and other textile products ................ 554.0 528.6 520.9 523.2 555 523 520 522 526 524

Paper and allied products ............................. 630.7 616.4 614.3 613.5 630 615 612 612 613 613

Printing and publishing ................................. 1,481.7 1,406.5 1,407.3 1,405.0 1,480 1,413 1,407 1,405 1,406 1,404

Chemicals and allied products ...................... 1,025.1 1,013.5 1,011.9 1,007.7 1,022 1,008 1,006 1,008 1,009 1,004

Petroleum and coal products ........................ 128.3 128.1 128.5 128.4 126 125 125 125 126 126

Rubber and misc. plastics products .............. 953.4 936.4 931.0 931.8 950 927 928 929 936 929

Leather and leather products ........................ 58.8 55.9 54.4 54.7 58 55 55 55 56 54

Service-producing ................................................. 106,585 107,651 106,438 106,407 107,190 106,775 106,832 106,875 106,983 107,055

Transportation and public utilities ..................... 7,075 6,822 6,768 6,760 7,088 6,799 6,793 6,790 6,783 6,770

Transportation .............................................. 4,497 4,355 4,305 4,303 4,522 4,330 4,328 4,334 4,331 4,325

Railroad transportation ............................. 233.7 229.9 231.0 229.4 233 230 228 229 230 229

Local and interurban passenger transit .... 419.2 470.3 416.2 410.8 480 476 475 472 471 470

Trucking and warehousing ....................... 1,875.1 1,846.9 1,847.4 1,856.8 1,845 1,830 1,827 1,829 1,833 1,827

Water transportation ................................. 208.5 201.5 205.6 204.6 194 190 193 193 192 190

Transportation by air ................................. 1,278.6 1,166.1 1,164.1 1,161.2 1,291 1,162 1,165 1,172 1,167 1,172

Pipelines, except natural gas .................... 15.4 14.7 14.9 14.7 15 15 15 15 15 14

Transportation services ............................ 466.3 425.2 426.1 425.3 464 427 425 424 423 423

Communications and public utilities ............. 2,578 2,467 2,463 2,457 2,566 2,469 2,465 2,456 2,452 2,445

Communications ....................................... 1,722.4 1,619.7 1,613.3 1,610.8 1,714 1,628 1,626 1,615 1,608 1,602

Electric, gas, and sanitary services .......... 855.3 847.2 849.4 846.1 852 841 839 841 844 843

Wholesale trade ................................................ 6,790 6,713 6,713 6,698 6,762 6,678 6,681 6,681 6,679 6,671

Durable goods .............................................. 4,026 3,932 3,933 3,921 4,008 3,908 3,916 3,915 3,915 3,904

Nondurable goods ........................................ 2,764 2,781 2,780 2,777 2,754 2,770 2,765 2,766 2,764 2,767

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry–Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Aug.

2001

June

2002

July

2002p Aug.2002p Aug.2001

Apr.

2002

May

2002

June

2002

July

2002p Aug.2002p

Retail trade ....................................................... 23,719 23,517 23,463 23,452 23,553 23,345 23,327 23,308 23,341 23,286

Building materials and garden supplies ........ 1,069.3 1,118.1 1,106.8 1,090.6 1,049 1,061 1,068 1,066 1,069 1,069

General merchandise stores ........................ 2,856.6 2,834.6 2,821.9 2,802.2 2,901 2,915 2,897 2,884 2,885 2,844

Department stores .................................... 2,526.4 2,500.7 2,485.5 2,464.6 2,566 2,575 2,560 2,542 2,544 2,503

Food stores ................................................... 3,439.8 3,405.6 3,400.4 3,397.2 3,432 3,392 3,397 3,394 3,389 3,391

Automotive dealers and service stations ...... 2,460.2 2,452.6 2,462.8 2,462.6 2,438 2,429 2,434 2,432 2,438 2,441

New and used car dealers ........................ 1,129.6 1,131.2 1,133.3 1,135.1 1,123 1,129 1,133 1,128 1,127 1,129

Apparel and accessory stores ...................... 1,203.4 1,165.1 1,174.0 1,187.2 1,196 1,170 1,169 1,173 1,177 1,180

Furniture and home furnishings stores ......... 1,122.1 1,134.9 1,138.2 1,135.5 1,137 1,141 1,146 1,148 1,154 1,151

Eating and drinking places ........................... 8,470.7 8,358.2 8,319.0 8,320.7 8,272 8,152 8,130 8,121 8,144 8,124

Miscellaneous retail establishments ............. 3,096.4 3,048.1 3,040.1 3,056.1 3,128 3,085 3,086 3,090 3,085 3,086

Finance, insurance, and real estate ................. 7,797 7,795 7,814 7,810 7,728 7,743 7,732 7,733 7,737 7,744

Finance ......................................................... 3,829 3,836 3,841 3,842 3,809 3,813 3,813 3,819 3,819 3,823

Depository institutions .............................. 2,071.9 2,083.5 2,086.6 2,087.3 2,059 2,075 2,073 2,071 2,073 2,074

Commercial banks ................................ 1,444.8 1,454.0 1,455.5 1,455.6 1,435 1,446 1,446 1,444 1,445 1,446

Savings institutions ............................... 257.2 265.2 263.8 264.4 256 264 264 264 263 264

Nondepository institutions ........................ 729.0 764.4 769.6 774.1 728 756 756 762 767 774

Mortgage bankers and brokers ............. 335.5 369.8 375.3 377.0 334 360 359 366 373 375

Security and commodity brokers .............. 770.2 725.3 724.7 722.0 763 723 723 723 718 716

Holding and other investment offices ....... 258.2 262.5 260.1 258.1 259 259 261 263 261 259

Insurance ...................................................... 2,377 2,373 2,375 2,370 2,371 2,374 2,369 2,366 2,365 2,365

Insurance carriers ..................................... 1,604.6 1,585.6 1,585.0 1,577.7 1,599 1,589 1,583 1,579 1,576 1,572

Insurance agents, brokers, and service .... 772.1 787.8 789.8 792.3 772 785 786 787 789 793

Real estate ................................................... 1,591 1,586 1,598 1,598 1,548 1,556 1,550 1,548 1,553 1,556

Services2 .......................................................... 41,374 41,554 41,580 41,585 41,061 41,025 41,093 41,152 41,212 41,312

Agricultural services ..................................... 925.6 946.1 948.9 931.4 854 857 856 857 862 860

Hotels and other lodging places ................... 2,026.4 1,902.7 1,956.1 1,939.3 1,866 1,796 1,789 1,801 1,796 1,785

Personal services ......................................... 1,228.8 1,252.1 1,235.7 1,239.2 1,273 1,286 1,279 1,285 1,285 1,284

Business services ......................................... 9,629.0 9,398.5 9,366.1 9,468.1 9,537 9,312 9,330 9,332 9,323 9,395

Services to buildings ................................. 1,025.5 1,034.2 1,039.5 1,039.6 1,018 1,027 1,023 1,023 1,032 1,032

Personnel supply services ........................ 3,491.2 3,250.1 3,223.7 3,317.8 3,412 3,175 3,198 3,205 3,193 3,253

Help supply services ............................. 3,126.2 2,930.6 2,905.7 2,996.4 3,050 2,857 2,888 2,902 2,872 2,923

Computer and data processing services .. 2,230.7 2,193.6 2,195.9 2,201.5 2,230 2,190 2,190 2,191 2,195 2,201

Auto repair, services, and parking ................ 1,267.9 1,271.7 1,274.9 1,272.8 1,262 1,261 1,262 1,265 1,266 1,267

Miscellaneous repair services ...................... 376.8 380.3 381.6 381.1 374 377 375 378 379 378

Motion pictures ............................................. 598.9 592.3 597.3 601.3 583 574 578 581 583 585

Amusement and recreation services ............ 1,995.2 1,880.8 1,949.8 1,929.9 1,714 1,611 1,621 1,631 1,649 1,658

Health services ............................................. 10,446.0 10,683.3 10,715.1 10,736.3 10,424 10,611 10,626 10,660 10,687 10,713

Offices and clinics of medical doctors ...... 2,018.9 2,065.2 2,072.8 2,080.5 2,012 2,044 2,050 2,061 2,069 2,074

Nursing and personal care facilities .......... 1,858.5 1,888.6 1,892.1 1,900.4 1,852 1,883 1,883 1,887 1,888 1,894

Hospitals ................................................... 4,121.6 4,227.5 4,245.3 4,249.0 4,117 4,199 4,207 4,221 4,232 4,244

Home health care services ....................... 636.4 644.5 644.7 647.1 637 643 644 643 646 647

Legal services ............................................... 1,048.6 1,080.5 1,082.4 1,074.6 1,041 1,059 1,066 1,065 1,064 1,067

Educational services ..................................... 2,125.8 2,306.8 2,221.6 2,189.1 2,449 2,501 2,518 2,511 2,529 2,519

Social services .............................................. 3,044.8 3,163.0 3,129.1 3,139.1 3,094 3,167 3,164 3,165 3,179 3,188

Child day care services ............................ 672.4 712.7 664.7 676.6 727 725 722 726 728 731

Residential care ........................................ 879.4 910.3 911.1 913.7 873 903 901 904 903 907

Museums and botanical and zoological

gardens ..................................................... 119.2 117.1 119.0 116.3 111 109 108 109 109 108

Membership organizations ........................... 2,508.9 2,523.8 2,543.0 2,510.7 2,473 2,477 2,480 2,484 2,475 2,475

Engineering and management services ....... 3,637.4 3,662.3 3,667.3 3,663.8 3,612 3,636 3,649 3,636 3,634 3,638

Engineering and architectural services ..... 1,076.1 1,049.2 1,051.4 1,048.6 1,058 1,041 1,042 1,034 1,032 1,031

Management and public relations ............. 1,177.9 1,213.6 1,222.6 1,219.3 1,171 1,202 1,209 1,204 1,214 1,212

Services, nec ................................................ 50.7 48.4 48.5 47.9 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)

Government ...................................................... 19,830 21,250 20,100 20,102 20,998 21,185 21,206 21,211 21,231 21,272

Federal ......................................................... 2,632 2,624 2,625 2,630 2,624 2,610 2,600 2,601 2,602 2,622

Federal, except Postal Service ................. 1,785.7 1,810.0 1,811.7 1,819.4 1,771 1,784 1,777 1,783 1,785 1,805

State ............................................................. 4,663 4,762 4,685 4,690 4,910 4,942 4,945 4,935 4,951 4,938

Education .................................................. 1,836.0 1,928.2 1,849.2 1,855.0 2,116 2,135 2,141 2,135 2,155 2,135

Other State government ........................... 2,827.0 2,833.3 2,835.9 2,835.4 2,794 2,807 2,804 2,800 2,796 2,803

Local ............................................................. 12,535 13,864 12,790 12,782 13,464 13,633 13,661 13,675 13,678 13,712

Education .................................................. 6,515.2 7,765.8 6,588.7 6,658.4 7,668 7,754 7,770 7,755 7,795 7,816

Other local government ............................ 6,019.6 6,098.6 6,201.1 6,123.5 5,796 5,879 5,891 5,920 5,883 5,896

1 These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the

seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and

irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

2 Includes other industries, not shown separately. p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Aug.

2001

June

2002

July

2002p

Aug.

2002p

Aug.

2001

Apr.

2002

May

2002

June

2002

July

2002p

Aug.

2002p

Total private ............................................ 34.5 34.7 34.2 34.4 34.1 34.2 34.2 34.3 34.0 34.1

Goods-producing .................................................. 40.7 40.8 40.0 40.6 40.3 40.4 40.3 40.5 40.0 40.2

Mining ............................................................... 43.6 43.5 42.9 43.3 43.5 42.4 43.0 43.3 42.6 43.2

Construction ..................................................... 40.2 39.5 39.3 39.6 39.3 39.0 38.7 39.0 38.3 38.7

Manufacturing ................................................... 40.9 41.3 40.3 40.9 40.7 40.9 40.9 41.1 40.7 40.8

Overtime hours ......................................... 4.3 4.3 4.0 4.5 4.0 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.0 4.2

Durable goods ................................................ 41.2 41.7 40.5 41.3 41.0 41.4 41.3 41.5 41.0 41.1

Overtime hours ......................................... 4.2 4.3 3.8 4.4 3.9 4.1 4.1 4.2 3.9 4.1

Lumber and wood products .......................... 41.2 41.5 41.0 41.1 40.8 40.8 40.8 41.0 41.1 40.8

Furniture and fixtures .................................... 40.1 40.3 39.8 40.5 39.7 40.8 40.4 40.2 40.1 40.2

Stone, clay, and glass products .................... 44.6 44.4 43.7 44.0 43.7 43.8 43.4 43.7 43.2 43.2

Primary metal industries ............................... 43.5 44.8 43.8 44.2 43.6 44.3 44.1 44.6 44.2 44.2

Blast furnaces and basic steel products ... 44.6 46.5 46.0 46.2 44.6 45.1 45.6 46.1 45.7 46.2

Fabricated metal products ............................ 41.5 42.1 41.0 41.9 41.4 41.6 41.9 42.0 41.7 41.8

Industrial machinery and equipment ............. 40.1 40.9 40.0 40.4 40.3 40.6 40.7 40.9 40.3 40.6

Electronic and other electrical equipment ..... 39.2 39.4 38.0 38.5 39.1 39.5 39.4 39.4 38.7 38.4

Transportation equipment ............................. 42.7 42.9 40.3 42.4 42.2 42.6 42.3 42.5 41.7 41.9

Motor vehicles and equipment .................. 44.3 44.7 40.9 43.9 43.6 44.4 44.2 44.1 42.8 43.2

Instruments and related products ................. 40.5 41.0 40.1 40.7 40.6 40.4 40.4 40.9 40.5 40.8

Miscellaneous manufacturing ....................... 38.3 39.5 38.2 38.7 38.1 38.8 38.8 39.6 38.5 38.5

Nondurable goods .......................................... 40.4 40.6 40.0 40.5 40.2 40.3 40.4 40.6 40.2 40.3

Overtime hours ......................................... 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.6 4.1 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.2

Food and kindred products ........................... 41.6 41.4 41.1 41.7 41.1 41.2 41.2 41.6 41.1 41.2

Tobacco products ......................................... 39.7 42.3 41.9 40.4 39.6 41.3 41.6 41.1 41.9 40.4

Textile mill products ...................................... 40.1 41.9 40.8 41.8 39.8 41.5 41.4 41.5 41.5 41.5

Apparel and other textile products ................ 37.1 37.5 36.4 36.3 37.1 37.1 37.0 37.0 36.6 36.3

Paper and allied products ............................. 41.2 41.5 41.2 41.3 41.3 41.6 41.9 41.6 41.3 41.4

Printing and publishing ................................. 38.2 37.3 37.1 37.9 38.0 37.2 37.5 37.7 37.3 37.8

Chemicals and allied products ...................... 42.1 42.6 41.9 42.3 42.2 41.8 42.3 42.5 42.1 42.4

Petroleum and coal products ........................ 43.0 41.4 41.8 40.4 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)

Rubber and misc. plastics products .............. 40.5 41.7 40.3 40.9 40.6 41.6 41.2 41.5 41.0 41.0

Leather and leather products ........................ 36.7 37.4 36.0 36.2 36.3 37.5 36.7 36.8 36.7 35.9

Service-producing ................................................. 33.0 33.3 32.9 33.0 32.7 32.7 32.8 32.8 32.6 32.7

Transportation and public utilities ..................... 38.4 38.8 38.5 38.8 38.1 38.3 38.4 38.3 38.4 38.5

Wholesale trade ................................................ 38.3 39.0 38.3 38.5 38.3 38.3 38.3 38.6 38.4 38.5

Retail trade ....................................................... 29.4 29.7 29.6 29.5 28.8 29.0 29.1 29.1 28.8 28.9

Finance, insurance, and real estate ................. 36.0 36.7 35.8 36.1 36.1 36.1 36.1 36.0 36.0 36.2

Services ............................................................ 32.9 33.0 32.6 32.8 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.7 32.5 32.6

1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing;

construction workers in construction; and nonsupervisory workers in

transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance,

insurance, and real estate; and services. These groups account for

approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private nonfarm

payrolls. 2 This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the

seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and

irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Aug.

2001

June

2002

July

2002p

Aug.

2002p

Aug.

2001

June

2002

July

2002p

Aug.

2002p

Total private ............................................ $14.26 $14.68 $14.66 $14.70 $491.97 $509.40 $501.37 $505.68

Seasonally adjusted ............................. 14.38 14.75 14.78 14.82 490.36 505.93 502.52 505.36

Goods-producing .................................................. 16.04 16.38 16.45 16.49 652.83 668.30 658.00 669.49

Mining ............................................................... 17.47 17.65 17.74 17.77 761.69 767.78 761.05 769.44

Construction ..................................................... 18.44 18.74 18.90 18.96 741.29 740.23 742.77 750.82

Manufacturing ................................................... 14.89 15.28 15.26 15.32 609.00 631.06 614.98 626.59

Durable goods ................................................ 15.38 15.74 15.67 15.81 633.66 656.36 634.64 652.95

Lumber and wood products .......................... 12.37 12.53 12.58 12.56 509.64 520.00 515.78 516.22

Furniture and fixtures .................................... 12.33 12.62 12.56 12.61 494.43 508.59 499.89 510.71

Stone, clay, and glass products .................... 15.16 15.48 15.62 15.54 676.14 687.31 682.59 683.76

Primary metal industries ............................... 17.02 17.46 17.61 17.50 740.37 782.21 771.32 773.50

Blast furnaces and basic steel products ... 20.62 20.92 21.09 20.97 919.65 972.78 970.14 968.81

Fabricated metal products ............................ 14.34 14.71 14.60 14.76 595.11 619.29 598.60 618.44

Industrial machinery and equipment ............. 15.93 16.36 16.47 16.59 638.79 669.12 658.80 670.24

Electronic and other electrical equipment ..... 14.70 15.04 15.06 15.11 576.24 592.58 572.28 581.74

Transportation equipment ............................. 19.13 19.75 19.36 19.82 816.85 847.28 780.21 840.37

Motor vehicles and equipment .................. 19.43 20.36 19.74 20.49 860.75 910.09 807.37 899.51

Instruments and related products ................. 14.93 15.14 15.23 15.20 604.67 620.74 610.72 618.64

Miscellaneous manufacturing ....................... 12.23 12.28 12.32 12.37 468.41 485.06 470.62 478.72

Nondurable goods .......................................... 14.16 14.60 14.69 14.60 572.06 592.76 587.60 591.30

Food and kindred products ........................... 12.89 13.29 13.33 13.21 536.22 550.21 547.86 550.86

Tobacco products ......................................... 20.97 23.26 23.24 20.83 832.51 983.90 973.76 841.53

Textile mill products ...................................... 11.39 11.69 11.76 11.73 456.74 489.81 479.81 490.31

Apparel and other textile products ................ 9.41 9.95 9.92 9.95 349.11 373.13 361.09 361.19

Paper and allied products ............................. 16.87 17.53 17.72 17.63 695.04 727.50 730.06 728.12

Printing and publishing ................................. 14.88 15.11 15.15 15.19 568.42 563.60 562.07 575.70

Chemicals and allied products ...................... 18.54 19.14 19.34 19.31 780.53 815.36 810.35 816.81

Petroleum and coal products ........................ 22.19 22.15 22.21 22.27 954.17 917.01 928.38 899.71

Rubber and misc. plastics products .............. 13.43 13.66 13.77 13.68 543.92 569.62 554.93 559.51

Leather and leather products ........................ 10.33 10.27 10.38 10.30 379.11 384.10 373.68 372.86

Service-producing ................................................. 13.74 14.20 14.15 14.19 453.42 472.86 465.54 468.27

Transportation and public utilities ..................... 16.78 17.29 17.34 17.31 644.35 670.85 667.59 671.63

Wholesale trade ................................................ 15.80 16.17 16.11 16.21 605.14 630.63 617.01 624.09

Retail trade ....................................................... 9.71 10.00 9.98 10.00 285.47 297.00 295.41 295.00

Finance, insurance, and real estate ................. 15.77 16.27 16.23 16.27 567.72 597.11 581.03 587.35

Services ............................................................ 14.52 15.08 15.03 15.05 477.71 497.64 489.98 493.64

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry, seasonally adjusted

Industry Aug.

2001

Apr.

2002

May

2002

June

2002

July

2002p

Aug.

2002p

Percent

change

from:

July 2002-

Aug. 2002

Total private:

Current dollars ................................ $14.38 $14.68 $14.70 $14.75 $14.78 $14.82 0.3

Constant (1982) dollars2 ................ 8.02 8.10 8.12 8.14 8.14 N.A. (3)

Goods-producing .............................. 15.99 16.32 16.35 16.39 16.38 16.44 .4

Mining ........................................... 17.62 17.63 17.87 17.70 17.76 17.93 1.0

Construction ................................. 18.37 18.83 18.77 18.81 18.87 18.89 .1

Manufacturing ............................... 14.91 15.19 15.27 15.31 15.28 15.34 .4

Excluding overtime4 ................. 14.22 14.43 14.53 14.56 14.57 14.59 .1

Service-producing ............................. 13.91 14.21 14.24 14.29 14.33 14.37 .3

Transportation and public utilities 16.81 17.26 17.31 17.37 17.34 17.35 .1

Wholesale trade ............................ 15.88 16.11 16.12 16.15 16.15 16.30 .9

Retail trade ................................... 9.79 9.97 9.99 10.06 10.05 10.08 .3

Finance, insurance, and real

estate ...................................... 15.88 16.18 16.17 16.27 16.36 16.39 .2

Services ........................................ 14.76 15.13 15.16 15.19 15.27 15.30 .2

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. 2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners

and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this

series. 

3 Change was .0 percent from June 2002 to July 2002,

the latest month available.

4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at

the rate of time and one-half.

 N.A. = not available.

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

(1982=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Aug.

2001

June

2002

July

2002p

Aug.

2002p

Aug.

2001

Apr.

2002

May

2002

June

2002

July

2002p

Aug.

2002p

Total private ............................................ 153.0 152.1 150.0 150.8 149.9 148.1 148.1 148.6 147.5 147.9

Goods-producing .................................................. 113.1 108.1 105.9 107.8 109.6 105.4 105.0 105.7 104.2 104.5

Mining ............................................................... 57.1 54.6 53.6 54.5 55.6 53.5 53.7 53.7 52.3 53.1

Construction ..................................................... 199.7 188.5 189.2 191.1 184.6 178.3 176.4 178.4 174.2 176.7

Manufacturing ................................................... 97.8 94.1 91.2 93.1 96.8 92.9 92.8 93.2 92.3 92.1

Durable goods ................................................ 101.3 96.8 92.9 95.0 100.5 95.5 95.4 95.6 94.6 94.3

Lumber and wood products .......................... 140.6 137.9 136.7 137.9 136.1 133.3 134.4 134.0 134.7 133.7

Furniture and fixtures .................................... 127.2 124.9 121.0 123.3 126.4 124.7 122.9 122.9 123.2 122.6

Stone, clay, and glass products .................... 121.4 117.6 116.1 117.8 117.0 113.6 112.6 113.3 112.3 113.6

Primary metal industries ............................... 82.7 77.0 74.1 75.7 82.8 76.7 76.4 76.6 75.4 75.7

Blast furnaces and basic steel products ... 64.1 59.7 59.2 59.7 64.1 58.3 58.9 59.2 58.7 59.7

Fabricated metal products ............................ 112.8 110.9 106.7 109.6 112.3 109.1 110.1 110.2 109.8 109.1

Industrial machinery and equipment ............. 88.4 83.8 81.0 81.2 89.1 83.1 82.8 83.1 82.0 81.9

Electronic and other electrical equipment ..... 92.2 81.9 78.2 78.3 92.3 82.9 82.2 81.7 80.4 78.4

Transportation equipment ............................. 112.6 108.2 99.0 106.1 111.4 105.7 105.6 106.4 103.9 104.8

Motor vehicles and equipment .................. 150.2 148.0 130.6 144.7 147.9 144.2 144.0 144.7 139.9 142.4

Instruments and related products ................. 71.5 68.8 67.3 67.6 71.5 68.2 67.9 68.2 68.1 67.5

Miscellaneous manufacturing ....................... 90.7 92.5 88.4 90.9 89.3 90.2 90.6 92.1 90.2 89.5

Nondurable goods .......................................... 93.1 90.2 88.7 90.5 91.6 89.3 89.4 89.9 89.2 89.0

Food and kindred products ........................... 121.4 115.7 117.1 121.3 115.4 115.4 115.6 117.1 115.5 115.5

Tobacco products ......................................... 51.5 50.5 49.4 55.4 52.9 49.1 51.5 52.9 53.9 58.0

Textile mill products ...................................... 66.2 62.7 60.0 62.1 65.0 62.1 61.6 61.6 61.2 60.9

Apparel and other textile products ................ 46.4 44.6 42.6 42.7 46.6 43.7 43.4 43.5 43.3 42.9

Paper and allied products ............................. 96.2 95.1 93.7 93.8 96.0 94.9 95.0 94.5 93.8 93.7

Printing and publishing ................................. 114.6 105.7 104.9 106.9 114.0 106.0 106.2 106.8 105.5 106.5

Chemicals and allied products ...................... 95.9 96.4 94.0 94.8 96.0 93.6 95.1 95.7 94.8 94.9

Petroleum and coal products ........................ 73.1 72.9 74.2 71.1 71.3 67.9 70.9 70.7 71.6 69.3

Rubber and misc. plastics products .............. 135.4 137.2 131.7 134.2 135.2 135.1 133.8 135.2 135.0 133.9

Leather and leather products ........................ 24.8 23.8 22.2 22.2 24.5 23.6 23.1 22.6 23.7 21.5

Service-producing ................................................. 170.9 171.8 169.7 170.1 167.9 167.3 167.5 167.8 167.0 167.4

Transportation and public utilities ..................... 140.1 136.5 134.1 134.7 139.2 134.4 134.4 133.9 134.1 133.9

Wholesale trade ................................................ 127.0 128.6 126.5 126.9 126.3 125.7 125.7 126.7 125.9 126.1

Retail trade ....................................................... 150.9 151.5 150.8 150.0 146.7 146.8 147.1 147.1 145.8 146.0

Finance, insurance, and real estate ................. 141.0 144.5 141.0 141.9 139.8 140.9 140.6 140.0 139.9 140.8

Services ............................................................ 215.6 217.2 214.6 215.7 211.9 211.5 211.8 212.7 211.8 212.5

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted

(Percent)

Time span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

Private nonfarm payrolls, 347 industries1

Over 1-month span:

1998 .......................... 62.4 57.5 59.1 60.2 57.5 56.8 54.6 59.1 57.2 53.0 57.9 56.8

1999 .......................... 55.3 58.6 53.6 58.4 55.5 57.8 57.1 54.8 57.1 57.2 60.4 58.1

2000 .......................... 55.9 57.5 57.9 51.2 50.1 55.8 57.8 51.4 52.4 52.4 53.2 52.7

2001 .......................... 49.4 45.7 50.3 42.4 47.3 43.2 44.5 42.5 42.4 40.5 39.3 44.1

2002 .......................... 47.3 41.4 49.7 47.8 50.9 49.4 p48.8 p46.7 

Over 3-month span:

1998 .......................... 65.3 66.3 65.3 65.9 62.7 58.2 58.9 59.1 59.8 57.9 57.1 58.8

1999 .......................... 59.2 57.6 59.5 55.2 60.2 57.2 59.4 59.2 59.7 58.9 61.2 60.7

2000 .......................... 60.4 61.4 58.4 53.2 52.4 55.5 56.6 56.2 51.2 51.0 53.2 51.6

2001 .......................... 45.5 46.1 40.8 43.4 37.8 43.2 39.3 38.0 35.3 33.7 36.3 38.9

2002 .......................... 40.1 43.2 42.5 46.5 48.0 p50.4 p47.1 

Over 6-month span:

1998 .......................... 70.2 67.4 64.7 61.5 64.1 62.1 59.1 58.8 57.5 60.2 59.2 58.4

1999 .......................... 60.2 58.9 58.5 59.7 57.2 60.8 61.2 62.5 62.7 61.8 61.2 62.8

2000 .......................... 61.1 59.4 58.1 57.9 54.2 52.4 52.9 54.2 52.4 48.7 45.7 46.5

2001 .......................... 44.7 42.7 39.5 40.1 40.8 35.6 37.0 32.4 34.3 33.1 34.1 35.6

2002 .......................... 37.0 41.6 43.4 p44.1 p47.1 

Over 12-month span:

1998 .......................... 69.9 67.9 67.6 65.6 64.1 62.7 61.7 62.2 60.8 59.4 60.8 58.9

1999 .......................... 61.2 60.1 58.2 61.0 60.7 61.5 62.2 61.1 63.8 62.2 59.7 60.5

2000 .......................... 61.4 59.9 58.8 56.2 55.3 53.6 53.0 51.0 47.7 45.2 44.5 42.9

2001 .......................... 41.5 41.5 38.9 37.5 37.3 36.2 34.1 33.6 34.4 33.9 33.3 34.0

2002 .......................... p35.3 p35.2 

Manufacturing payrolls, 136 industries1

Over 1-month span:

1998 .......................... 57.0 52.6 52.2 52.9 44.9 47.4 38.2 52.9 44.9 38.6 42.3 41.5

1999 .......................... 47.4 41.2 42.6 46.0 46.3 43.4 50.0 42.6 46.0 45.6 51.5 49.3

2000 .......................... 44.9 52.2 49.3 46.0 49.3 50.7 57.4 36.8 39.0 42.3 47.1 40.8

2001 .......................... 34.9 26.8 38.2 29.0 28.3 30.5 34.9 25.7 31.6 31.3 25.0 30.9

2002 .......................... 35.3 37.9 40.4 47.4 47.1 40.4 p48.2 p39.7 

Over 3-month span:

1998 .......................... 59.2 57.0 54.8 51.8 48.2 38.2 41.9 43.0 43.0 38.2 32.7 40.4

1999 .......................... 39.3 39.3 39.7 40.1 41.2 43.8 44.1 46.3 42.3 44.1 47.8 45.2

2000 .......................... 48.2 48.9 48.9 44.5 46.7 52.2 46.0 38.6 29.0 34.2 39.0 36.0

2001 .......................... 21.3 21.3 18.4 23.5 19.9 23.2 17.3 19.1 16.2 18.0 18.4 18.0

2002 .......................... 24.6 30.1 37.1 38.6 40.1 p40.4 p35.7 

Over 6-month span:

1998 .......................... 60.7 54.4 49.3 40.1 45.2 42.6 39.0 38.2 34.6 41.2 35.7 33.1

1999 .......................... 36.4 36.0 37.5 40.4 37.5 42.3 43.0 44.5 48.2 43.0 44.5 47.4

2000 .......................... 47.8 45.2 44.5 50.0 41.9 37.9 36.0 35.3 32.4 26.1 21.3 21.7

2001 .......................... 20.2 16.9 14.0 16.2 16.5 13.2 14.7 11.8 14.0 13.2 17.6 16.5

2002 .......................... 19.9 26.8 29.8 p37.5 p35.7 

Over 12-month span:

1998 .......................... 54.8 52.2 51.8 46.7 40.4 40.1 38.2 37.5 36.4 34.6 35.7 34.2

1999 .......................... 38.6 34.6 32.4 36.0 37.9 39.0 40.1 40.4 44.5 44.5 43.4 44.5

2000 .......................... 49.3 44.1 39.3 36.8 35.3 34.2 33.8 28.7 22.1 19.1 17.6 14.0

2001 .......................... 13.6 13.6 13.6 15.4 12.1 11.0 11.0 11.0 12.9 12.9 14.0 13.6

2002 .......................... p17.6 p16.9 

1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans

and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered within

the span. 

p = preliminary.

 NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment

increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment,

where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with

increasing and decreasing employment.