2

Technical information:

Household data: (202) 691-6378

http://www.bls.gov/cps/

Establishment data: 691-6555

http://www.bls.gov/ces/

Media contact: 691-5902

USDL 06-07

Transmission of material in this release

is embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EST),

Friday, January 6, 2006.

 Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data

Seasonally adjusted household survey data have been revised using updated seasonal adjustment

factors that incorporate 2005 data. Seasonally adjusted estimates back to January 2001 were subject

to revision. The unemployment rates for January-December 2005 (as originally published and as

revised) appear on page 6, along with additional information on the revisions.

Percent Millions

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted, 

January 2003 – December 2005

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,

January 2003 – December 2005

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

2003 2004 2005

124.0

126.0

128.0

130.0

132.0

134.0

136.0

2003 2004 2005

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: DECEMBER 2005

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 108,000 in December, and the unemployment rate was

little changed at 4.9 percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The December increase in payroll employment followed a gain of 305,000 in November (as revised).

Several industries added jobs over the month, including food services, professional and business services,

health care, and manufacturing.

Unemployment (Household Survey Data)

Both the unemployment rate, 4.9 percent, and the number of unemployed persons, 7.4 million, were little

changed in December. The unemployment rate has ranged from 4.9 to 5.1 percent since March.

The unemployment rates for adult men (4.3 percent), adult women (4.5 percent), whites (4.3 percent),

and Hispanics or Latinos (6.0 percent) showed little or no change in December. The jobless rates for
2

Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Quarterly averages Monthly data Nov.-

Category Dec.

III IV Oct. Nov. Dec. change 

Labor force status

Civilian labor force................................. 149,827 150,126 150,043 150,183 150,153 -30

Employment....................................... 142,324 142,671 142,625 142,611 142,779 168

Unemployment.................................... 7,503 7,455 7,418 7,572 7,375 -197 

Not in labor force.................................... 76,595 77,070 76,916 77,021 77,271 250 

All workers........................................... 5.0 5.0 4.9 5.0 4.9 -0.1

Adult men.......................................... 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 .0

Adult women.................................... 4.6 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.5 -.1

Teenagers.......................................... 16.1 16.1 15.9 17.1 15.2 -1.9

White .............................................. 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.3 .1

Black or African American ..................... 9.5 9.7 9.1 10.6 9.3 -1.3

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity..................... 6.0 6.0 5.9 6.1 6.0 -.1

ESTABLISHMENT DATA 

Nonfarm employment.............................. 133,969 p134,294 134,055 p134,360 p134,468 p108

Goods-producing 1

.............................. 22,152 p22,236 22,197 p22,250 p22,262 p12

Construction................................. 7,262 p7,324 7,299 p7,341 p7,332 p-9

Manufacturing................................. 14,258 p14,268 14,257 p14,265 p14,283 p18

Service-providing 1 .............................. 111,817 p112,058 111,858 p112,110 p112,206 p96

Retail trade 2

 ................................. 15,221 p15,181 15,178 p15,190 p15,175 p-16 

Professional and business services......... 16,995 p17,113 17,051 p17,127 p17,160 p33 

Education and health services............... 17,417 p17,476 17,443 p17,480 p17,505 p25 

Leisure and hospitality..................... 12,798 p12,798 12,755 p12,808 p12,831 p23 

Government................................. 21,841 p21,871 21,850 p21,874 p21,888 p14 

Total private.......................................... 33.7 p33.8 33.8 p33.8 p33.7 p-0.1

Manufacturing..................................... 40.6 p40.8 41.0 p40.8 p40.7 p-.1

Overtime....................................... 4.5 p4.5 4.6 p4.5 p4.5 p.0 

 

Total private............................................ 103.0 p103.4 103.3 p103.6 p103.4 p-0.2 

Average hourly earnings, total private............ $16.17 p$16.30 $16.28 p$16.29 p$16.34 p$0.05 

Average weekly earnings, total private............ 545.36 p550.51 550.26 p550.60 p550.66 p.06 

 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

 2 Quarterly averages and the over-the-month change are calculated using unrounded data.

 3 Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.

 NOTE: Seasonally adjusted household data have been revised. See note on page 6.

Earnings 3

Hours of work 3

HOUSEHOLD DATA

 p = preliminary.

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100) 3

Unemployment rates 

 Employment

2005 2005
3

teenagers (15.2 percent) and blacks (9.3 percent) declined over the month; the rate for black teenagers had

an unusually large decline and fell to 24.4 percent. The unemployment rate for Asians was 3.8 percent, not

seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

In December, 18.2 percent of the unemployed had been without a job for 27 weeks or longer, compared with 20.4 percent a year earlier. (See table A-9.)

Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

Total employment, at 142.8 million in December, was little changed over the month but was 2.6 million

higher than a year earlier. The employment-population ratio held at 62.8 percent in December, 0.4 percentage point higher than a year earlier. The labor force participation rate, at 66.0 percent, was unchanged over

the year. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons who work part time for economic reasons, at 4.1 million, was about unchanged

in December but was down by 327,000 over the year. This category includes persons who indicated that

they would like to work full time but were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See table A-5.)

Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

The number of persons marginally attached to the labor force was 1.6 million in December, about the

same as a year earlier. (Data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals wanted and were available to

work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed,

however, because they did not actively search for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. Among the

marginally attached, there were 451,000 discouraged workers in December, essentially the same as a year

earlier. Discouraged workers were not currently looking for work specifically because they believed no jobs

were available for them. The other 1.1 million marginally attached persons had not searched for work for

reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-13.)

Employment Status of Hurricane Katrina Evacuees (Household Survey Data)

Beginning in October, questions were added to the household survey to identify persons who evacuated

from their homes, even temporarily, due to Hurricane Katrina. Data collected through these questions do not

account for all evacuees; persons living outside of the scope of the survey—such as those living in hotels or

shelters—are not included. The questions were asked of persons in the household survey sample throughout

the country, since some evacuees relocated far from the storm-affected areas. An additional question determined whether evacuees had returned to their homes by the time of the survey.

These additional questions provided information to analyze the employment status of this subgroup of

evacuees. The total number of evacuees estimated from the household survey may change from month to

month as people move in and out of the scope of the survey.

Information gathered in December showed that about 1.1 million persons age 16 and over had evacuated

from where they were living in August due to Hurricane Katrina. These evacuees either had returned to their

homes or were living in other residential units covered in the survey in December. About 600,000 of the

evacuees had returned to their August 2005 residences. Of all evacuees identified, 58.2 percent were in the

labor force in December. The employment-population ratio for these evacuees was 51.0 percent. The unemployment rate for persons identified as evacuees was 12.4 percent; it was much higher for evacuees who

had not returned home (20.7 percent) than for those who had returned (5.6 percent). (See table B.)
4

Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 108,000 in December to 134.5 million, seasonally adjusted.

This increase followed a gain of 305,000 in November (as revised). Over the year, payroll employment

grew by 2.0 million. December’s increase included gains in manufacturing, health care, food services and

drinking places, and professional and business services. (See table B-1.)

In December, manufacturing employment increased by 18,000, after edging up in November. Most of

December’s increase occurred in durable goods, which added 15,000 jobs. Employment rose in several of

the component industries, including wood products and computer and electronic products.

Over the month, employment in construction was little changed, following strong growth in November.

Over the year, the construction industry added 246,000 jobs. Employment growth in residential building

and residential specialty trade contractors accounted for about two-thirds of the over-the-year gain. Mining

employment continued to trend up in December. Over the year, this industry added 48,000 jobs, with most

of the growth occurring in support activities for mining, particularly oil and gas.

Within the service-providing sector, employment in health care grew by 21,000 in December. Both

ambulatory care services (which includes doctors’ offices and outpatient clinics) and hospitals continued to

add jobs in December. Employment in the health care industry expanded by 271,000 in 2005.

In leisure and hospitality, food services and drinking places added 36,000 jobs in December. Despite

faltering in September and October, employment growth in the industry averaged 18,000 per month in 2005.

Civilian noninstitutional population ............... 1,105 605 500

Civilian labor force .................................. 643 353 290

Participation rate ............................. 58.2 58.4 58.0

Employed ............................................ 563 333 230

Employment-population ratio ........... 51.0 55.1 46.0

Unemployed ........................................ 80 20 60

Unemployment rate ......................... 12.4 5.6 20.7

Not in labor force.................................... 462 252 210

Total

Residence in December

Employment status in December 2005 Same as

 in August

Different than

 in August

Table B. Employment status in December 2005 of persons 16 years and over who

evacuated from their August residence, even temporarily, due to Hurricane Katrina

(Numbers in thousands, not seasonally adjusted)

1

 Represents persons in the civilian noninstitutional population age 16 and over who resided

in households that were eligible to be selected for the Current Population Survey (CPS). These

data are not representative of the total evacuee population because they do not include children

or people residing in shelters, hotels, places of worship, or other units outside the scope of

the CPS. The total number of evacuees estimated from the CPS may change from month to

month as people move in and out of the scope of the survey and because of sampling variability.

NOTE: These data use population controls that have been adjusted to account for interstate moves by evacuees.

1
5

Professional and business services employment continued to trend up in December and increased by 486,000

over the year. Financial activities also continued to add jobs over the month and posted an over-the-year

gain of 188,000. Much of the over-the-year increase occurred in credit intermediation and real estate.

Retail trade employment was little changed over the month. Employment was down in general merchandise stores, as seasonal hiring was less than usual; employment in the industry has been trending down

since July. Building material and garden supply stores continued to add jobs in December. Over the month,

employment in the transportation and warehousing industry fell; employment of couriers and messengers declined by 6,000, and air transportation continued to lose jobs (-5,000).

Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)

The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls decreased

by 0.1 hour to 33.7 hours in December, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek fell by 0.1 hour

to 40.7 hours, and factory overtime was unchanged at 4.5 hours. (See table B-2.)

The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls decreased by 0.2 percent in December to 103.4 (2002=100). The manufacturing index was down by

0.1 percent over the month to 94.9. (See table B-5.)

Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)

Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased

by 5 cents in December to $16.34, seasonally adjusted. Average weekly earnings were little changed over

the month at $550.66. Over the year, both average hourly and weekly earnings increased by 3.1 percent.

(See table B-3.)

______________________________

The Employment Situation for January 2006 is scheduled to be released on Friday, February 3, at

8:30 A.M. (EST).

 Revisions in the Establishment Survey Data

With the release of January data on February 3, BLS will introduce revisions to the nonfarm payroll employment, hours, and earnings data to reflect the annual benchmark adjustments for March 2005

and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Unadjusted data since April 2004 and seasonally adjusted

data since January 2001 are subject to revision.

Effective with the release of data for January 2006, revisions will be introduced into the population controls for the household survey. These changes reflect the routine annual updating of intercensal population estimates by the U.S. Census Bureau. In addition, new seasonally adjusted employment data for multiple jobholders will be added to table A-6 of this release.

 Planned Changes in the Household Survey Data
6

Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data

At the end of each calendar year, BLS routinely updates the seasonal adjustment factors for the labor

force series derived from the Current Population Survey (CPS), or household survey, to incorporate the

data for that year. This year, seasonally adjusted data for January 2001-December 2005 were subject to

revision. (Seasonally adjusted establishment data will be revised next month, concurrent with the introduction

of annual benchmark adjustments.)

Table C summarizes the effects of the revisions on the overall unemployment rate in 2005. Largely due

to rounding, the rate was revised in 3 months, in each case by -0.1 percentage point. Revised seasonally

adjusted data for major labor force series beginning in December 2004 appear in table D.

The January 2006 issue of Employment and Earnings will contain an article describing the current

seasonal adjustment methodology for the household survey data and revised data for the most recent months

or quarters for all regularly published tables containing seasonally adjusted household survey data. A copy

of the article will be available at http://www.bls.gov/cps/cpsrs2006.pdf on the Internet. Historical data for the

household series contained in the “A” tables of this release also can be accessed at http://www.bls.gov/cps/

cpsatabs.htm on the BLS Internet site. Revised historical seasonally adjusted monthly and quarterly data

for additional series are available on the Internet at ftp://ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/lf/.

Table C. Seasonally adjusted unemployment rates and changes due to revision,

January-December 2005

Month and year As first

 published

As revised Change

 2005

January .................................... 5.2 5.2 0.0

February ................................. 5.4 5.4 .0

March ..................................... 5.2 5.1 -.1

April........................................ 5.2 5.1 -.1

May ........................................ 5.1 5.1 .0

June ........................................ 5.0 5.0 .0

July ......................................... 5.0 5.0 .0

August..................................... 4.9 4.9 .0

September............................... 5.1 5.1 .0

October .................................. 5.0 4.9 -.1

November ............................... 5.0 5.0 .0

December ............................... 4.9 (1

) (1)

 1 Because of the use of concurrent seasonal adjustment, there is no revised estimate for

December.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table D. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

2004 2005

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population 1 ..................... 224,640 224,837 225,041 225,236 225,441 225,670 225,911 226,153 226,421 226,693 226,959 227,204 227,425

 Civilian labor force .............................................. 148,173 147,956 148,271 148,217 148,839 149,201 149,243 149,605 149,792 150,083 150,043 150,183 150,153

 Participation rate ........................................... 66.0 65.8 65.9 65.8 66.0 66.1 66.1 66.2 66.2 66.2 66.1 66.1 66.0

 Employed .......................................................... 140,133 140,234 140,285 140,601 141,196 141,571 141,750 142,111 142,425 142,435 142,625 142,611 142,779

 Employment-population ratio ........................ 62.4 62.4 62.3 62.4 62.6 62.7 62.7 62.8 62.9 62.8 62.8 62.8 62.8

 Unemployed ..................................................... 8,040 7,723 7,986 7,616 7,644 7,629 7,493 7,494 7,367 7,648 7,418 7,572 7,375

 Unemployment rate ...................................... 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.0 5.0 4.9 5.1 4.9 5.0 4.9

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population 1 ..................... 100,126 100,219 100,321 100,419 100,520 100,634 100,754 100,874 101,004 101,136 101,265 101,383 101,489

 Civilian labor force .............................................. 75,726 75,650 75,929 75,965 76,202 76,445 76,471 76,619 76,787 76,792 76,780 76,722 76,786

 Participation rate ........................................... 75.6 75.5 75.7 75.6 75.8 76.0 75.9 76.0 76.0 75.9 75.8 75.7 75.7

 Employed .......................................................... 72,037 72,092 72,246 72,513 72,855 73,108 73,178 73,345 73,479 73,331 73,500 73,441 73,468

 Employment-population ratio ........................ 71.9 71.9 72.0 72.2 72.5 72.6 72.6 72.7 72.7 72.5 72.6 72.4 72.4

 Unemployed ..................................................... 3,689 3,558 3,683 3,453 3,347 3,337 3,294 3,274 3,307 3,461 3,281 3,282 3,318

 Unemployment rate ...................................... 4.9 4.7 4.9 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.3

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population 1 ..................... 108,221 108,316 108,403 108,486 108,573 108,672 108,776 108,880 108,996 109,114 109,228 109,332 109,425

 Civilian labor force .............................................. 65,227 65,260 65,284 65,080 65,461 65,528 65,582 65,813 65,778 66,129 66,175 66,223 66,215

 Participation rate ........................................... 60.3 60.2 60.2 60.0 60.3 60.3 60.3 60.4 60.3 60.6 60.6 60.6 60.5

 Employed .......................................................... 62,169 62,236 62,220 62,129 62,426 62,515 62,552 62,744 62,901 63,074 63,162 63,170 63,249

 Employment-population ratio ........................ 57.4 57.5 57.4 57.3 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.6 57.7 57.8 57.8 57.8 57.8

 Unemployed ..................................................... 3,058 3,024 3,064 2,952 3,036 3,013 3,030 3,070 2,877 3,055 3,013 3,053 2,966

 Unemployment rate ...................................... 4.7 4.6 4.7 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population 1 ..................... 16,293 16,302 16,317 16,332 16,347 16,364 16,381 16,399 16,421 16,443 16,465 16,489 16,511

 Civilian labor force .............................................. 7,219 7,046 7,058 7,172 7,176 7,228 7,189 7,172 7,228 7,163 7,088 7,238 7,152

 Participation rate ........................................... 44.3 43.2 43.3 43.9 43.9 44.2 43.9 43.7 44.0 43.6 43.0 43.9 43.3

 Employed .......................................................... 5,927 5,906 5,818 5,960 5,915 5,948 6,020 6,022 6,045 6,030 5,964 6,000 6,061

 Employment-population ratio ........................ 36.4 36.2 35.7 36.5 36.2 36.4 36.8 36.7 36.8 36.7 36.2 36.4 36.7

 Unemployed ..................................................... 1,292 1,140 1,240 1,212 1,261 1,280 1,169 1,150 1,183 1,133 1,124 1,238 1,091

 Unemployment rate ...................................... 17.9 16.2 17.6 16.9 17.6 17.7 16.3 16.0 16.4 15.8 15.9 17.1 15.2

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

 NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors.
Explanatory Note

This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the

Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current

Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor

Statistics (BLS).

The establishment survey provides the information on the

employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that

appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This

information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation

with state agencies. The sample includes about 160,000 businesses

and government agencies covering approximately 400,000 individual

worksites. The active sample includes about one-third of all nonfarm

payroll workers. The sample is drawn from a sampling frame of

unemployment insurance tax accounts.

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular

week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is

generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In

the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the

calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences

between surveys

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire

civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of

questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and

over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or

not in the labor force.

People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as

paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least

15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as

employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of

illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal

reasons.

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following

criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were

available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find

employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need

not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon

the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed

persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not

 in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed

as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is

the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employmentpopulation ratio is the employed as a percent of the population.

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn

from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores,

as well as federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on

nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted

in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate only to production workers in the goods-producing

sector and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing sector.

Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity in

accordance with the 2002 version of the North American Industry

Classification System.

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and

establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

• The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among

the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey.

• The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the

employed. The establishment survey does not.

• The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.

The establishment survey is not limited by age.

• The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because

individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job.

In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job

and thus appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation’s labor force and the

levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations

due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded

production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of

schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large; seasonal fluctuations may account for as much as 95 percent of the monthto-month changes in unemployment.

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern

each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by

adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make

nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or

increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to

spot. For example, the large number of youth entering the labor force

each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place

relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of

students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics

for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change.

Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in

economic activity.

Most seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both

the household and establishment surveys. However, the ad-
justed series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most supersectors, total employment, and

unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted

component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by

summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components;

this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained

by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons,

or more detailed age categories.

For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent

seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal

factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and

including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new

seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month’s data. In

the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each

month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. In both

surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are

subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather

than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample

estimates may differ from the “true” population values they represent.

The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the

particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the

standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or

level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no

more than 1.6 standard errors from the “true” population value because

of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence.

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total

employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or

minus 430,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases

by 100,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence

interval on the monthly change would range from -330,000 to 530,000

(100,000 +/- 430,000). These figures do not mean that the sample

results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a

90-percent chance that the “true” over-the-month change lies within

this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we

could not say with confidence that employment had, in fact, increased.

If, however, the reported employment rise was half a million, then

all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be

greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance)

that an employment rise had, in fact, occurred. At an unemployment

rate of around 5.5 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the

monthly change in unemployment is about +/- 280,000, and for the

monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- .19 percentage

point.

In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments

have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than

estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The

precision of estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated

over time such as for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal

adjustment process can also improve the stability of the monthly

estimates.

The household and establishment surveys are also affected by

nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons,

including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to

obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or

unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a

timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the

collection or processing of the data.

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most

recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these

estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two

successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample

reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final.

Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment

survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment

generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation

of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components

is used to account for business births. The first component uses business

deaths to impute employment for business births. This is incorporated

into the sample-based link relative estimate procedure by simply not

reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the

same trend as the other firms in the sample. The second component is

an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/

death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical

time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from

the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects

the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past five years.

The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are

adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll

employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March samplebased employment estimates and the March universe counts is known

as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey

error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, the benchmark revision for

total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.2 percent, ranging from

less than 0.05 percent to 0.5 percent.

Additional statistics and other information

More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and

Earnings, published each month by BLS. It is available for $27.00 per

issue or $53.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office,

Washington, DC 20402. All orders must be prepaid by sending a check

or money order payable to the Superintendent of Documents, or by

charging to Mastercard or Visa.

Employment and Earnings also provides measures of sampling error

for the household and establishment survey data published in this

release. For unemployment and other labor force categories, these

measures appear in tables 1-B through 1-D of its “Explanatory Notes.”

For the establishment survey data, the sampling error measures and the

actual size of revisions due to benchmark adjustments appear in tables

2-B through 2-F of Employment and Earnings.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD

message referral phone: 1-800-877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Dec.

2004

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

Dec.

2004

Aug.

2005

Sept.

2005

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 224,640 227,204 227,425 224,640 226,421 226,693 226,959 227,204 227,425

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 147,877 150,239 149,874 148,173 149,792 150,083 150,043 150,183 150,153

 Participation rate ............................................................... 65.8 66.1 65.9 66.0 66.2 66.2 66.1 66.1 66.0

 Employed .............................................................................. 140,278 142,968 142,918 140,133 142,425 142,435 142,625 142,611 142,779

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 62.4 62.9 62.8 62.4 62.9 62.8 62.8 62.8 62.8

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 7,599 7,271 6,956 8,040 7,367 7,648 7,418 7,572 7,375

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 5.1 4.8 4.6 5.4 4.9 5.1 4.9 5.0 4.9

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 76,763 76,964 77,550 76,467 76,629 76,610 76,916 77,021 77,271

 Persons who currently want a job ......................................... 4,607 4,466 4,808 4,957 4,829 4,945 4,994 4,887 5,167

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 108,392 109,745 109,863 108,392 109,332 109,475 109,616 109,745 109,863

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 79,093 80,296 80,140 79,393 80,355 80,333 80,249 80,394 80,431

 Participation rate ............................................................... 73.0 73.2 72.9 73.2 73.5 73.4 73.2 73.3 73.2

 Employed .............................................................................. 74,707 76,481 76,287 74,937 76,404 76,257 76,396 76,410 76,529

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 68.9 69.7 69.4 69.1 69.9 69.7 69.7 69.6 69.7

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 4,385 3,816 3,854 4,457 3,951 4,076 3,853 3,984 3,902

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 5.5 4.8 4.8 5.6 4.9 5.1 4.8 5.0 4.9

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 29,300 29,449 29,722 28,999 28,977 29,142 29,367 29,351 29,432

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 100,126 101,383 101,489 100,126 101,004 101,136 101,265 101,383 101,489

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 75,625 76,756 76,670 75,726 76,787 76,792 76,780 76,722 76,786

 Participation rate ............................................................... 75.5 75.7 75.5 75.6 76.0 75.9 75.8 75.7 75.7

 Employed .............................................................................. 71,897 73,593 73,315 72,037 73,479 73,331 73,500 73,441 73,468

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 71.8 72.6 72.2 71.9 72.7 72.5 72.6 72.4 72.4

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 3,727 3,163 3,355 3,689 3,307 3,461 3,281 3,282 3,318

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 4.9 4.1 4.4 4.9 4.3 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.3

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 24,501 24,626 24,819 24,400 24,218 24,344 24,485 24,660 24,703

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 116,247 117,459 117,562 116,247 117,089 117,218 117,343 117,459 117,562

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 68,785 69,943 69,734 68,779 69,438 69,750 69,794 69,789 69,722

 Participation rate ............................................................... 59.2 59.5 59.3 59.2 59.3 59.5 59.5 59.4 59.3

 Employed .............................................................................. 65,571 66,488 66,631 65,196 66,022 66,178 66,229 66,200 66,250

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 56.4 56.6 56.7 56.1 56.4 56.5 56.4 56.4 56.4

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 3,214 3,455 3,102 3,583 3,416 3,572 3,565 3,588 3,473

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 4.7 4.9 4.4 5.2 4.9 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.0

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 47,463 47,516 47,828 47,468 47,652 47,468 47,549 47,670 47,840

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 108,221 109,332 109,425 108,221 108,996 109,114 109,228 109,332 109,425

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 65,383 66,510 66,376 65,227 65,778 66,129 66,175 66,223 66,215

 Participation rate ............................................................... 60.4 60.8 60.7 60.3 60.3 60.6 60.6 60.6 60.5

 Employed .............................................................................. 62,581 63,572 63,669 62,169 62,901 63,074 63,162 63,170 63,249

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 57.8 58.1 58.2 57.4 57.7 57.8 57.8 57.8 57.8

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 2,802 2,938 2,707 3,058 2,877 3,055 3,013 3,053 2,966

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 4.3 4.4 4.1 4.7 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.5

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 42,838 42,822 43,048 42,994 43,219 42,985 43,053 43,109 43,209

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 16,293 16,489 16,511 16,293 16,421 16,443 16,465 16,489 16,511

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 6,870 6,973 6,828 7,219 7,228 7,163 7,088 7,238 7,152

 Participation rate ............................................................... 42.2 42.3 41.4 44.3 44.0 43.6 43.0 43.9 43.3

 Employed .............................................................................. 5,800 5,803 5,934 5,927 6,045 6,030 5,964 6,000 6,061

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 35.6 35.2 35.9 36.4 36.8 36.7 36.2 36.4 36.7

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,070 1,170 894 1,292 1,183 1,133 1,124 1,238 1,091

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 15.6 16.8 13.1 17.9 16.4 15.8 15.9 17.1 15.2

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 9,423 9,516 9,683 9,074 9,193 9,281 9,377 9,251 9,359

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal

adjustment factors.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Dec.

2004

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

Dec.

2004

Aug.

2005

Sept.

2005

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

WHITE 

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 183,483 185,187 185,327 183,483 184,669 184,851 185,028 185,187 185,327

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 121,257 122,880 122,752 121,507 122,638 122,843 122,810 122,813 122,994

 Participation rate ................................................................. 66.1 66.4 66.2 66.2 66.4 66.5 66.4 66.3 66.4

 Employed .............................................................................. 115,978 117,921 117,803 115,908 117,446 117,354 117,396 117,598 117,729

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 63.2 63.7 63.6 63.2 63.6 63.5 63.4 63.5 63.5

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 5,279 4,959 4,949 5,599 5,193 5,489 5,415 5,215 5,264

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 4.4 4.0 4.0 4.6 4.2 4.5 4.4 4.2 4.3

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 62,226 62,307 62,575 61,976 62,031 62,008 62,218 62,374 62,333

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 63,110 63,896 63,925 63,206 63,879 63,849 63,901 63,827 64,028

 Participation rate ................................................................. 76.0 76.1 76.1 76.1 76.3 76.2 76.2 76.0 76.2

 Employed .............................................................................. 60,466 61,674 61,455 60,595 61,485 61,280 61,465 61,498 61,586

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 72.8 73.5 73.2 73.0 73.5 73.2 73.3 73.3 73.3

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 2,645 2,223 2,470 2,611 2,394 2,568 2,436 2,328 2,441

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 4.2 3.5 3.9 4.1 3.7 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.8

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 52,459 53,238 53,175 52,356 52,756 52,971 52,998 53,037 53,067

 Participation rate ................................................................. 59.8 60.1 60.0 59.6 59.8 59.9 59.9 59.9 59.9

 Employed .............................................................................. 50,625 51,292 51,365 50,305 50,786 50,851 50,856 50,976 51,034

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 57.7 58.0 58.0 57.3 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.6 57.6

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,834 1,946 1,810 2,052 1,970 2,120 2,141 2,061 2,034

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 3.5 3.7 3.4 3.9 3.7 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.8

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 5,688 5,746 5,651 5,945 6,004 6,023 5,912 5,949 5,899

 Participation rate ................................................................. 45.0 45.1 44.3 47.1 47.3 47.4 46.5 46.7 46.3

 Employed .............................................................................. 4,887 4,955 4,983 5,009 5,175 5,222 5,074 5,123 5,110

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 38.7 38.9 39.1 39.6 40.7 41.1 39.9 40.2 40.1

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 801 791 669 936 829 801 838 826 789

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 14.1 13.8 11.8 15.7 13.8 13.3 14.2 13.9 13.4

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN 

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 26,273 26,705 26,744 26,273 26,572 26,618 26,663 26,705 26,744

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 16,773 17,197 17,001 16,744 17,130 17,068 17,150 17,118 16,979

 Participation rate ................................................................. 63.8 64.4 63.6 63.7 64.5 64.1 64.3 64.1 63.5

 Employed .............................................................................. 15,033 15,395 15,487 14,936 15,476 15,455 15,591 15,299 15,397

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 57.2 57.6 57.9 56.9 58.2 58.1 58.5 57.3 57.6

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,739 1,802 1,514 1,808 1,654 1,613 1,559 1,819 1,582

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 10.4 10.5 8.9 10.8 9.7 9.5 9.1 10.6 9.3

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 9,500 9,509 9,743 9,529 9,442 9,549 9,513 9,587 9,766

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 7,507 7,634 7,560 7,490 7,727 7,672 7,659 7,556 7,553

 Participation rate ................................................................. 71.1 71.1 70.3 71.0 72.3 71.7 71.4 70.4 70.2

 Employed .............................................................................. 6,696 6,910 6,897 6,696 7,065 7,006 7,006 6,849 6,903

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 63.4 64.3 64.1 63.4 66.1 65.5 65.3 63.8 64.2

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 811 724 663 794 662 666 653 707 651

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 10.8 9.5 8.8 10.6 8.6 8.7 8.5 9.4 8.6

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 8,532 8,735 8,667 8,491 8,604 8,664 8,726 8,714 8,633

 Participation rate ................................................................. 64.3 64.9 64.3 64.0 64.2 64.6 64.9 64.8 64.1

 Employed .............................................................................. 7,804 7,960 7,965 7,725 7,899 7,959 8,069 7,927 7,896

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 58.8 59.2 59.1 58.2 58.9 59.3 60.0 58.9 58.6

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 727 775 702 765 705 705 658 787 738

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 8.5 8.9 8.1 9.0 8.2 8.1 7.5 9.0 8.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 734 827 774 763 799 733 765 848 792

 Participation rate ................................................................. 30.0 32.9 30.7 31.2 32.1 29.4 30.6 33.8 31.5

 Employed .............................................................................. 533 524 624 515 512 490 517 523 598

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 21.8 20.9 24.8 21.1 20.6 19.7 20.7 20.8 23.8

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 201 303 150 249 287 242 248 326 194

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 27.4 36.6 19.3 32.6 35.9 33.1 32.4 38.4 24.4

ASIAN 

Civilian noninstutional population ............................................. 9,658 10,044 10,036 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 6,394 6,642 6,652 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 66.2 66.1 66.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 6,130 6,403 6,400 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 63.5 63.7 63.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 264 239 252 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 4.1 3.6 3.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 3,264 3,403 3,384 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical

numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available.

 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1

because data are not presented for all races. Beginning in January 2005, data reflect

revised population controls used in the household survey. Seasonally adjusted data have

been revised to reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Dec.

2004

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

Dec.

2004

Aug.

2005

Sept.

2005

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 28,608 29,552 29,645 28,608 29,264 29,361 29,456 29,552 29,645

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 19,514 20,274 20,316 19,489 19,925 19,944 20,047 20,214 20,292

 Participation rate ................................................................. 68.2 68.6 68.5 68.1 68.1 67.9 68.1 68.4 68.4

 Employed .............................................................................. 18,236 19,052 19,084 18,219 18,760 18,647 18,871 18,991 19,066

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 63.7 64.5 64.4 63.7 64.1 63.5 64.1 64.3 64.3

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,279 1,222 1,232 1,270 1,164 1,297 1,176 1,223 1,226

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 6.6 6.0 6.1 6.5 5.8 6.5 5.9 6.1 6.0

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 9,094 9,278 9,329 9,119 9,340 9,417 9,409 9,338 9,353

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 11,175 11,626 11,664 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 83.8 84.3 84.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 10,541 11,072 11,071 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 79.1 80.3 80.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 634 554 593 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 5.7 4.8 5.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 7,312 7,585 7,590 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 57.9 58.2 58.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 6,827 7,096 7,135 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 54.0 54.4 54.6 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 485 489 455 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 6.6 6.4 6.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 1,028 1,063 1,061 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 38.9 39.0 38.7 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 868 883 878 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 32.8 32.4 32.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 160 180 184 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 15.6 16.9 17.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical

numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available.

 NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. 

Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household

survey. Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal

adjustment factors.

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

(Numbers in thousands)

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2004

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

Dec.

2004

Aug.

2005

Sept.

2005

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 12,895 12,595 12,490 12,791 12,818 12,729 12,502 12,529 12,388

 Participation rate ................................................................... 45.3 45.7 45.6 45.0 45.9 45.2 45.4 45.4 45.3

 Employed ................................................................................ 11,762 11,678 11,499 11,741 11,839 11,690 11,611 11,602 11,465

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 41.3 42.3 42.0 41.3 42.4 41.5 42.1 42.1 41.9

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 1,133 917 991 1,050 979 1,039 891 927 923

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 8.8 7.3 7.9 8.2 7.6 8.2 7.1 7.4 7.5

High school graduates, no college 1

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 37,842 38,542 38,167 37,817 38,123 38,324 38,467 38,372 38,173

 Participation rate ................................................................... 63.3 63.6 63.1 63.3 63.5 63.9 63.8 63.4 63.1

 Employed ................................................................................ 36,035 36,770 36,445 35,971 36,343 36,404 36,627 36,547 36,417

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 60.3 60.7 60.3 60.2 60.5 60.7 60.8 60.4 60.2

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 1,808 1,771 1,722 1,846 1,781 1,921 1,840 1,825 1,756

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 4.8 4.6 4.5 4.9 4.7 5.0 4.8 4.8 4.6

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 34,391 35,326 35,329 34,520 35,046 35,148 35,310 35,411 35,498

 Participation rate ................................................................... 72.1 72.1 72.0 72.4 72.1 72.4 72.3 72.3 72.4

 Employed ................................................................................ 32,968 33,999 33,978 33,059 33,781 33,866 33,967 34,059 34,115

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 69.1 69.4 69.3 69.3 69.5 69.8 69.6 69.5 69.6

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 1,423 1,326 1,350 1,461 1,265 1,282 1,343 1,352 1,383

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 4.1 3.8 3.8 4.2 3.6 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.9

Bachelor’s degree and higher 2

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 40,835 41,659 42,100 40,876 41,431 41,558 41,616 41,600 42,097

 Participation rate ................................................................... 78.3 78.2 78.4 78.4 78.1 78.1 77.7 78.1 78.4

 Employed ................................................................................ 39,894 40,771 41,262 39,857 40,579 40,588 40,670 40,665 41,187

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 76.5 76.5 76.8 76.4 76.5 76.3 75.9 76.3 76.7

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 941 888 838 1,019 852 970 946 936 910

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.5 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. 

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey. Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated

seasonal adjustment factors.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

(In thousands)

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2004

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

Dec.

2004

Aug.

2005

Sept.

2005

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries ............................................. 1,996 2,117 1,942 2,190 2,157 2,140 2,126 2,154 2,130

 Wage and salary workers ....................................................... 1,061 1,164 1,058 1,189 1,196 1,118 1,161 1,187 1,187

 Self-employed workers ........................................................... 918 923 868 975 918 978 936 928 921

 Unpaid family workers ............................................................ 16 30 15 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Nonagricultural industries ......................................................... 138,282 140,851 140,976 137,944 140,294 140,421 140,577 140,427 140,638

 Wage and salary workers ....................................................... 128,783 131,366 131,616 128,352 131,028 130,937 131,123 131,001 131,170

 Government .......................................................................... 20,381 20,321 20,252 20,308 20,436 20,255 20,330 20,224 20,192

 Private industries .................................................................. 108,401 111,045 111,364 108,102 110,575 110,688 110,799 110,787 111,021

 Private households ............................................................. 789 750 782 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

 Other industries .................................................................. 107,612 110,295 110,582 107,338 109,621 109,858 109,986 110,039 110,261

 Self-employed workers ........................................................... 9,420 9,376 9,294 9,493 9,273 9,359 9,356 9,274 9,370

 Unpaid family workers ............................................................ 80 109 66 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 2

All industries:

 Part time for economic reasons .............................................. 4,516 4,067 4,183 4,465 4,450 4,565 4,240 4,175 4,138

 Slack work or business conditions ........................................ 2,851 2,570 2,654 2,728 2,752 2,893 2,643 2,595 2,541

 Could only find part-time work .............................................. 1,304 1,198 1,132 1,439 1,392 1,331 1,299 1,246 1,246

 Part time for noneconomic reasons ........................................ 20,361 20,792 20,420 19,484 19,548 19,581 19,696 19,612 19,582

Nonagricultural industries:

 Part time for economic reasons .............................................. 4,399 3,977 4,069 4,382 4,406 4,500 4,161 4,105 4,051

 Slack work or business conditions ........................................ 2,774 2,518 2,591 2,685 2,728 2,846 2,592 2,567 2,508

 Could only find part-time work .............................................. 1,288 1,191 1,129 1,401 1,394 1,335 1,284 1,230 1,230

 Part time for noneconomic reasons ........................................ 19,962 20,423 20,040 19,120 19,168 19,207 19,255 19,235 19,214

1 Data not available. 2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during

the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. Part

time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually work full time but worked

only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and

bad weather.

 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily

add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. 

Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household

survey. Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal

adjustment factors.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Selected employment indicators

(In thousands)

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2004

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

Dec.

2004

Aug.

2005

Sept.

2005

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over ........................................................... 140,278 142,968 142,918 140,133 142,425 142,435 142,625 142,611 142,779

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 5,800 5,803 5,934 5,927 6,045 6,030 5,964 6,000 6,061

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 2,168 2,231 2,270 2,238 2,297 2,290 2,290 2,285 2,334

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 3,632 3,572 3,664 3,680 3,773 3,739 3,673 3,694 3,713

 20 years and over ................................................................... 134,478 137,165 136,984 134,206 136,380 136,405 136,661 136,610 136,717

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 13,819 13,947 13,799 13,857 13,790 13,841 13,945 13,931 13,840

 25 years and over ................................................................. 120,659 123,218 123,185 120,391 122,709 122,601 122,719 122,731 122,906

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 97,836 99,214 99,104 97,660 98,984 98,852 98,834 98,849 98,934

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 30,509 31,144 30,876 30,499 30,751 30,714 30,864 30,920 30,866

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 34,707 34,614 34,681 34,608 34,689 34,821 34,601 34,513 34,581

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 32,620 33,457 33,547 32,553 33,543 33,317 33,369 33,416 33,486

 55 years and over ............................................................... 22,823 24,004 24,081 22,731 23,725 23,748 23,885 23,883 23,972

Men, 16 years and over ............................................................ 74,707 76,481 76,287 74,937 76,404 76,257 76,396 76,410 76,529

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 2,810 2,887 2,972 2,900 2,924 2,926 2,896 2,970 3,061

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 992 1,056 1,041 1,042 1,068 1,053 1,043 1,062 1,090

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 1,818 1,831 1,931 1,839 1,877 1,865 1,848 1,890 1,951

 20 years and over ................................................................... 71,897 73,593 73,315 72,037 73,479 73,331 73,500 73,441 73,468

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 7,274 7,305 7,280 7,353 7,298 7,247 7,310 7,330 7,356

 25 years and over ................................................................. 64,623 66,288 66,034 64,738 66,271 66,035 66,192 66,142 66,157

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 52,464 53,527 53,239 52,589 53,533 53,324 53,429 53,419 53,375

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 16,785 17,203 17,032 16,829 17,135 17,033 17,107 17,103 17,080

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 18,697 18,783 18,710 18,722 18,780 18,808 18,800 18,745 18,739

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 16,983 17,541 17,497 17,038 17,619 17,483 17,522 17,571 17,556

 55 years and over ............................................................... 12,159 12,762 12,795 12,149 12,738 12,711 12,763 12,723 12,782

Women, 16 years and over ...................................................... 65,571 66,488 66,631 65,196 66,022 66,178 66,229 66,200 66,250

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 2,990 2,916 2,962 3,027 3,121 3,104 3,068 3,031 3,000

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 1,176 1,175 1,229 1,196 1,229 1,237 1,247 1,223 1,245

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 1,814 1,741 1,733 1,841 1,896 1,874 1,825 1,804 1,762

 20 years and over ................................................................... 62,581 63,572 63,669 62,169 62,901 63,074 63,162 63,170 63,249

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 6,545 6,642 6,519 6,503 6,492 6,594 6,635 6,601 6,484

 25 years and over ................................................................. 56,036 56,930 57,150 55,653 56,437 56,566 56,527 56,589 56,749

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 45,372 45,688 45,865 45,072 45,450 45,528 45,405 45,430 45,559

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 13,724 13,941 13,844 13,670 13,617 13,680 13,757 13,817 13,786

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 16,011 15,831 15,971 15,886 15,910 16,013 15,801 15,768 15,843

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 15,637 15,916 16,050 15,515 15,924 15,835 15,847 15,845 15,930

 55 years and over ............................................................... 10,664 11,243 11,285 10,581 10,987 11,037 11,122 11,159 11,190

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present ................................................... 45,499 45,635 45,708 45,264 45,666 45,457 45,634 45,480 45,469

Married women, spouse present .............................................. 35,213 35,331 35,438 34,746 34,960 34,943 34,868 34,910 34,948

Women who maintain families .................................................. 8,884 9,033 9,028 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers 2 ................................................................... 115,117 117,459 117,791 115,517 117,625 117,469 117,783 117,860 118,135

Part-time workers 3 ................................................................... 25,161 25,509 25,127 24,736 24,880 25,009 24,898 24,814 24,743

1 Data not available. 2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per

week. 3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per

week.

 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily

add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. 

Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household

survey. Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal

adjustment factors.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates 1

Dec.

2004

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

Dec.

2004

Aug.

2005

Sept.

2005

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over ........................................................... 8,040 7,572 7,375 5.4 4.9 5.1 4.9 5.0 4.9

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 1,292 1,238 1,091 17.9 16.4 15.8 15.9 17.1 15.2

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 596 624 507 21.0 18.6 18.8 18.7 21.4 17.8

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 693 613 580 15.8 15.0 13.9 14.2 14.2 13.5

 20 years and over ................................................................... 6,748 6,335 6,284 4.8 4.3 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.4

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 1,358 1,274 1,283 8.9 8.8 8.7 8.5 8.4 8.5

 25 years and over ................................................................. 5,398 5,042 5,010 4.3 3.8 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.9

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 4,610 4,255 4,227 4.5 4.0 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.1

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 1,818 1,634 1,625 5.6 5.0 5.4 4.8 5.0 5.0

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 1,460 1,407 1,381 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.9 3.8

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 1,333 1,214 1,221 3.9 3.2 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.5

 55 years and over ............................................................... 824 774 808 3.5 3.2 3.6 3.2 3.1 3.3

Men, 16 years and over ............................................................ 4,457 3,984 3,902 5.6 4.9 5.1 4.8 5.0 4.9

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 767 702 584 20.9 18.0 17.4 16.5 19.1 16.0

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 347 327 269 25.0 21.4 21.3 18.1 23.6 19.8

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 418 350 312 18.5 16.2 15.1 15.5 15.6 13.8

 20 years and over ................................................................... 3,689 3,282 3,318 4.9 4.3 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.3

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 732 737 743 9.1 10.0 9.8 9.4 9.1 9.2

 25 years and over ................................................................. 2,960 2,522 2,583 4.4 3.6 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.8

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 2,524 2,112 2,154 4.6 3.8 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.9

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 1,033 798 785 5.8 4.4 5.0 4.4 4.5 4.4

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 782 707 725 4.0 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.7

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 708 608 643 4.0 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.5

 55 years and over ............................................................... 436 410 430 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.3

Women, 16 years and over ...................................................... 3,583 3,588 3,473 5.2 4.9 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.0

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 525 535 507 14.8 14.7 14.3 15.2 15.0 14.4

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 249 296 238 17.2 15.9 16.6 19.1 19.5 16.1

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 275 263 268 13.0 13.8 12.6 12.8 12.7 13.2

 20 years and over ................................................................... 3,058 3,053 2,966 4.7 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.5

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 626 537 540 8.8 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.7

 25 years and over ................................................................. 2,438 2,519 2,427 4.2 4.0 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.1

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 2,086 2,142 2,073 4.4 4.2 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.4

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 784 837 840 5.4 5.7 5.8 5.3 5.7 5.7

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 677 699 656 4.1 3.9 4.0 4.4 4.2 4.0

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 624 606 577 3.9 3.2 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.5

 55 years and over 2 ............................................................ 350 357 340 3.2 3.8 3.9 3.1 3.1 2.9

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present ................................................... 1,412 1,210 1,219 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.6

Married women, spouse present .............................................. 1,240 1,187 1,151 3.4 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.2

Women who maintain families 2 ............................................... 675 700 671 7.1 7.2 7.6 7.3 7.2 6.9

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers 3 ................................................................... 6,604 6,018 5,920 5.4 4.9 5.0 4.9 4.9 4.8

Part-time workers 4 ................................................................... 1,435 1,514 1,454 5.5 5.1 5.3 5.4 5.7 5.5

1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. 2 Not seasonally adjusted. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full

time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work

part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

 NOTE: Detail shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the

independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2005, data

reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. Data have been revised

to reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2004

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

Dec.

2004

Aug.

2005

Sept.

2005

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .......... 4,166 3,329 3,622 4,029 3,474 3,697 3,508 3,455 3,486

 On temporary layoff ................................................................ 1,040 744 1,013 962 874 970 944 899 935

 Not on temporary layoff .......................................................... 3,126 2,585 2,609 3,067 2,600 2,726 2,564 2,556 2,552

 Permanent job losers ............................................................ 2,272 1,894 1,866 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

 Persons who completed temporary jobs .............................. 854 691 743 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Job leavers ............................................................................... 845 889 752 938 839 874 889 900 841

Reentrants ................................................................................ 2,040 2,423 2,083 2,367 2,455 2,423 2,349 2,538 2,430

New entrants ............................................................................ 548 630 499 711 633 626 654 679 644

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ..................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ......... 54.8 45.8 52.1 50.1 46.9 48.5 47.4 45.6 47.1

 On temporary layoff ............................................................... 13.7 10.2 14.6 12.0 11.8 12.7 12.8 11.9 12.6

 Not on temporary layoff ......................................................... 41.1 35.6 37.5 38.1 35.1 35.8 34.7 33.8 34.5

 Job leavers .............................................................................. 11.1 12.2 10.8 11.7 11.3 11.5 12.0 11.9 11.4

 Reentrants ............................................................................... 26.8 33.3 30.0 29.4 33.2 31.8 31.7 33.5 32.8

 New entrants ........................................................................... 7.2 8.7 7.2 8.8 8.6 8.2 8.8 9.0 8.7

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ......... 2.8 2.2 2.4 2.7 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.3

 Job leavers .............................................................................. .6 .6 .5 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6

 Reentrants ............................................................................... 1.4 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6

 New entrants ........................................................................... .4 .4 .3 .5 .4 .4 .4 .5 .4

1 Data not available.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal

adjustment factors.

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2004

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

Dec.

2004

Aug.

2005

Sept.

2005

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks .................................................................... 2,546 2,617 2,443 2,887 2,544 2,751 2,708 2,779 2,764

5 to 14 weeks ........................................................................... 2,244 2,263 2,189 2,285 2,268 2,253 2,263 2,268 2,240

15 weeks and over ................................................................... 2,809 2,391 2,324 2,926 2,672 2,584 2,477 2,492 2,417

 15 to 26 weeks ...................................................................... 1,202 1,041 1,014 1,276 1,229 1,120 1,045 1,108 1,068

 27 weeks and over ................................................................ 1,608 1,350 1,310 1,650 1,444 1,464 1,432 1,383 1,350

Average (mean) duration, in weeks .......................................... 19.5 17.8 17.5 19.4 18.9 18.2 18.0 17.6 17.3

Median duration, in weeks ........................................................ 9.6 8.5 8.6 9.4 9.4 8.5 8.6 8.5 8.5

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ..................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

 Less than 5 weeks .................................................................. 33.5 36.0 35.1 35.7 34.0 36.3 36.4 36.9 37.2

 5 to 14 weeks ......................................................................... 29.5 31.1 31.5 28.2 30.3 29.7 30.4 30.1 30.2

 15 weeks and over ................................................................. 37.0 32.9 33.4 36.1 35.7 34.1 33.3 33.0 32.6

 15 to 26 weeks ..................................................................... 15.8 14.3 14.6 15.8 16.4 14.8 14.0 14.7 14.4

 27 weeks and over ............................................................... 21.2 18.6 18.8 20.4 19.3 19.3 19.2 18.3 18.2

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal

adjustment factors.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Dec.

2004

Dec.

2005

Dec.

2004

Dec.

2005

Dec.

2004

Dec.

2005

 Total, 16 years and over 1 .......................................................................... 140,278 142,918 7,599 6,956 5.1 4.6

Management, professional, and related occupations ............................... 49,184 50,524 1,281 1,010 2.5 2.0

 Management, business, and financial operations occupations ............ 20,170 21,100 567 385 2.7 1.8

 Professional and related occupations ........................................................ 29,014 29,424 713 625 2.4 2.1

Service occupations .......................................................................................... 22,907 22,936 1,440 1,469 5.9 6.0

Sales and office occupations .......................................................................... 35,511 36,296 1,632 1,572 4.4 4.2

 Sales and related occupations ..................................................................... 15,930 16,467 770 773 4.6 4.5

 Office and administrative support occupations ........................................ 19,581 19,829 862 799 4.2 3.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations ........... 14,649 15,264 1,279 1,156 8.0 7.0

 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................................... 845 843 183 129 17.8 13.3

 Construction and extraction occupations ................................................... 8,517 9,303 880 827 9.4 8.2

 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .................................. 5,287 5,117 217 199 3.9 3.7

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations ................ 18,027 17,899 1,368 1,213 7.1 6.3

 Production occupations .................................................................................. 9,411 9,353 708 657 7.0 6.6

 Transportation and material moving occupations .................................... 8,616 8,546 660 556 7.1 6.1

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Dec.

2004

Dec.

2005

Dec.

2004

Dec.

2005

 Total, 16 years and over 1 ....................................................................... 7,599 6,956 5.1 4.6

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers ...................................... 6,045 5,611 5.3 4.8

 Mining ................................................................................................................. 16 23 2.5 3.5

 Construction ...................................................................................................... 870 813 9.5 8.2

 Manufacturing ................................................................................................... 872 757 5.1 4.5

 Durable goods ................................................................................................ 529 461 4.9 4.2

 Nondurable goods ......................................................................................... 344 296 5.5 5.0

 Wholesale and retail trade ............................................................................ 1,058 968 5.0 4.5

 Transportation and utilities ............................................................................ 204 202 3.8 3.6

 Information ........................................................................................................ 173 128 5.7 3.7

 Financial activities ........................................................................................... 290 204 3.1 2.1

 Professional and business services ............................................................ 875 788 6.9 6.1

 Education and health services ..................................................................... 562 529 3.1 2.8

 Leisure and hospitality ................................................................................... 850 930 7.4 7.9

 Other services .................................................................................................. 276 269 4.3 4.3

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers ........................ 165 127 14.0 11.1

Government workers ......................................................................................... 499 393 2.4 1.9

Self employed and unpaid family workers ................................................... 341 327 3.2 3.1

1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

(Percent)

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2004

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

Dec.

2004

Aug.

2005

Sept.

2005

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005

Dec.

2005

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force .............. 1.9 1.6 1.6 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor

force ...................................................................................................................................... 2.8 2.2 2.4 2.7 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.3

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate) ...................................................................................................................................... 5.1 4.8 4.6 5.4 4.9 5.1 4.9 5.0 4.9

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

discouraged workers ............................................................................................................ 5.4 5.1 4.9 5.7 5.2 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.2

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other marginally

 attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally

 attached workers ................................................................................................................. 6.1 5.7 5.6 6.4 5.9 6.0 5.8 5.9 5.9

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus total employed

 part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

 all marginally attached workers ........................................................................................... 9.1 8.4 8.4 9.3 8.9 9.0 8.6 8.7 8.6

 NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor

looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for

work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached,

have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for a job. Persons employed

part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but

have had to settle for a part-time schedule. For further information, see "BLS introduces new

range of alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly

Labor Review. Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey. Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal

adjustment factors.

Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Category

Total Men Women

Dec.

2004

Dec.

2005

Dec.

2004

Dec.

2005

Dec.

2004

Dec.

2005

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force ............................................................................ 76,763 77,550 29,300 29,722 47,463 47,828

 Persons who currently want a job ............................................................... 4,607 4,808 2,138 2,146 2,469 2,662

Searched for work and available to work now 1 ..................................... 1,463 1,589 737 833 726 756

 Reason not currently looking:

 Discouragement over job prospects 2 ......................................... 442 451 265 266 177 185

 Reasons other than discouragement 3 ........................................ 1,021 1,139 472 568 549 571

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders 4 ............................................................................ 7,834 7,665 4,061 3,794 3,774 3,871

 Percent of total employed ......................................................................... 5.6 5.4 5.4 5.0 5.8 5.8

 Primary job full time, secondary job part time ........................................... 4,086 4,045 2,339 2,173 1,747 1,872

 Primary and secondary jobs both part time .............................................. 1,757 1,818 552 641 1,205 1,177

 Primary and secondary jobs both full time ................................................ 270 295 192 175 77 120

 Hours vary on primary or secondary job ................................................... 1,685 1,455 963 784 722 671

1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and

were available to take a job during the reference week. 2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training,

employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such

reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well

as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their

secondary job(s), not shown separately.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2005, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2004

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005p

Dec.

2005p

Dec.

2004

Aug.

2005

Sept.

2005

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005p

Dec.

2005p

Change

from:

Nov. 2005-

Dec. 2005p

Total nonfarm ............................. 133,187 134,999 135,461 135,188 132,449 134,013 134,030 134,055 134,360 134,468 108

Total private ........................................ 111,143 112,826 113,141 112,944 110,749 112,164 112,174 112,205 112,486 112,580 94

Goods-producing ............................................ 21,924 22,456 22,400 22,162 22,022 22,159 22,164 22,197 22,250 22,262 12

Natural resources and mining .................................. 602 650 648 646 602 632 636 641 644 647 3

Logging ........................................................... 68.0 67.0 64.7 65.4 67.9 64.9 64.2 63.7 63.1 64.5 1.4

Mining .................................................................... 533.8 583.1 583.5 580.8 534.4 566.7 571.4 577.4 581.3 582.5 1.2

Oil and gas extraction ........................................ 124.0 127.6 128.6 127.2 124.1 126.5 127.0 128.0 128.9 127.5 -1.4

Mining, except oil and gas1................................. 209.3 225.8 224.2 217.6 211.3 220.3 220.2 222.0 222.1 220.4 -1.7

Coal mining ...................................................... 74.5 79.2 79.2 81.1 73.9 77.6 78.5 79.3 79.1 80.2 1.1

Support activities for mining .............................. 200.5 229.7 230.7 236.0 199.0 219.9 224.2 227.4 230.3 234.6 4.3

Construction ............................................................. 6,984 7,523 7,467 7,219 7,086 7,267 7,284 7,299 7,341 7,332 -9

Construction of buildings ................................... 1,669.6 1,744.0 1,740.6 1,731.6 1,678.9 1,705.4 1,704.5 1,715.0 1,726.5 1,738.3 11.8

Residential building ......................................... 920.8 963.2 964.8 963.5 927.4 947.3 949.1 952.7 960.3 968.9 8.6

Nonresidential building .................................... 748.8 780.8 775.8 768.1 751.5 758.1 755.4 762.3 766.2 769.4 3.2

Heavy and civil engineering construction ........ 871.8 1,003.3 988.0 910.4 907.8 939.0 947.0 941.1 954.9 946.3 -8.6

Specialty trade contractors ............................... 4,442.8 4,775.2 4,738.4 4,576.9 4,499.2 4,622.5 4,632.3 4,642.8 4,659.6 4,647.7 -11.9

Residential specialty trade contractors ........... 2,110.0 2,301.0 2,282.0 2,213.4 2,125.5 2,206.0 2,219.9 2,235.3 2,243.3 2,239.5 -3.8

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors ..... 2,332.8 2,474.2 2,456.2 2,363.3 2,373.7 2,416.5 2,412.4 2,407.5 2,416.3 2,408.2 -8.1

Manufacturing ........................................................... 14,338 14,283 14,285 14,297 14,334 14,260 14,244 14,257 14,265 14,283 18

Production workers ....................................... 10,102 10,147 10,169 10,177 10,097 10,086 10,089 10,113 10,140 10,161 21

Durable goods ....................................................... 8,968 8,957 8,969 8,988 8,957 8,945 8,934 8,954 8,958 8,973 15

Production workers ....................................... 6,180 6,258 6,287 6,313 6,170 6,215 6,216 6,251 6,273 6,297 24

Wood products ................................................... 551.0 550.9 550.0 551.0 555.2 549.7 549.8 547.9 549.6 553.8 4.2

Nonmetallic mineral products ............................ 503.6 507.1 505.3 494.5 506.5 499.8 499.5 498.9 499.3 497.9 -1.4

Primary metals .................................................... 467.6 467.4 468.8 472.7 465.2 465.3 467.0 468.4 469.6 470.4 .8

Fabricated metal products ................................. 1,514.0 1,525.9 1,530.1 1,535.6 1,512.8 1,523.2 1,523.8 1,524.0 1,529.2 1,534.2 5.0

Machinery ........................................................... 1,149.8 1,165.9 1,162.8 1,165.9 1,146.0 1,159.5 1,160.3 1,168.8 1,162.5 1,161.5 -1.0

1 Computer and electronic products .................... 1,326.4 1,333.6 1,335.4 1,341.3 1,325.8 1,334.2 1,334.9 1,335.7 1,337.4 1,340.9 3.5

Computer and peripheral equipment ............. 210.1 213.7 213.0 216.0 210.4 214.7 214.8 215.0 214.0 216.1 2.1

Communications equipment ........................... 152.4 155.2 155.4 155.8 153.7 153.5 154.6 155.0 155.9 156.7 .8

Semiconductors and electronic components . 448.4 446.3 446.9 449.6 448.0 447.7 448.1 447.4 447.9 449.6 1.7

Electronic instruments ..................................... 437.3 442.3 444.2 444.1 435.7 441.1 441.6 442.8 444.1 442.9 -1.2

Electrical equipment and appliances ................ 446.7 435.9 437.9 438.0 445.8 439.1 437.8 437.6 437.9 437.2 -.7

1 Transportation equipment .................................. 1,780.2 1,758.8 1,764.6 1,772.5 1,771.9 1,760.3 1,746.9 1,760.4 1,760.6 1,763.3 2.7

Motor vehicles and parts 2................................. 1,111.3 1,077.1 1,078.7 1,079.1 1,104.0 1,076.0 1,087.0 1,077.0 1,075.0 1,071.7 -3.3

Furniture and related products .......................... 571.3 557.3 554.9 558.4 571.7 559.1 558.8 558.4 555.8 558.0 2.2

Miscellaneous manufacturing ............................ 657.7 654.1 658.8 657.9 656.4 654.9 654.9 653.4 655.8 655.4 -.4

Nondurable goods ................................................. 5,370 5,326 5,316 5,309 5,377 5,315 5,310 5,303 5,307 5,310 3

Production workers ....................................... 3,922 3,889 3,882 3,864 3,927 3,871 3,873 3,862 3,867 3,864 -3

Food manufacturing ........................................... 1,497.8 1,496.8 1,484.2 1,482.7 1,498.8 1,482.5 1,478.0 1,475.2 1,476.8 1,478.8 2.0

Beverages and tobacco products ...................... 192.4 194.4 191.3 190.7 193.0 189.8 190.1 191.2 190.6 191.0 .4

Textile mills ......................................................... 232.3 218.3 216.3 214.3 233.2 221.1 219.4 218.1 216.5 215.2 -1.3

Textile product mills ........................................... 176.0 179.7 182.1 183.8 178.0 178.2 179.9 181.3 182.8 184.7 1.9

Apparel ................................................................ 269.1 250.6 253.5 250.9 271.9 255.0 253.2 250.6 253.0 252.7 -.3

Leather and allied products ............................... 42.9 43.2 43.5 44.7 43.1 43.4 43.3 43.8 44.0 44.6 .6

Paper and paper products ................................. 499.3 490.3 489.5 486.8 497.9 494.7 492.3 489.6 488.3 485.8 -2.5

Printing and related support activities ............... 663.5 653.9 657.8 658.3 660.8 652.2 654.0 653.5 655.7 655.2 -.5

Petroleum and coal products ............................. 111.6 117.8 115.8 112.5 113.8 117.2 116.5 116.5 115.9 115.2 -.7

Chemicals ........................................................... 880.0 877.7 877.6 882.5 880.5 877.6 880.5 880.4 879.9 882.9 3.0

Plastics and rubber products ............................. 805.2 803.6 804.1 802.0 806.2 802.9 802.9 802.6 803.4 803.4 .0

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2004

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005p

Dec.

2005p

Dec.

2004

Aug.

2005

Sept.

2005

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005p

Dec.

2005p

Change

from:

Nov. 2005-

Dec. 2005p

Service-providing .............................................. 111,263 112,543 113,061 113,026 110,427 111,854 111,866 111,858 112,110 112,206 96

Private service-providing ............................... 89,219 90,370 90,741 90,782 88,727 90,005 90,010 90,008 90,236 90,318 82

Trade, transportation, and utilities ........................... 26,250 25,965 26,348 26,485 25,620 25,910 25,870 25,870 25,905 25,880 -25

Wholesale trade .................................................... 5,696.8 5,751.2 5,763.6 5,765.6 5,683.6 5,733.9 5,738.2 5,741.9 5,752.4 5,754.4 2.0

Durable goods .................................................... 2,969.5 2,999.2 3,010.1 3,018.1 2,964.5 2,990.8 2,994.6 2,999.2 3,008.0 3,012.8 4.8

Nondurable goods .............................................. 2,013.5 2,019.4 2,018.3 2,010.6 2,009.9 2,013.1 2,012.7 2,011.6 2,011.3 2,008.5 -2.8

Electronic markets and agents and brokers ..... 713.8 732.6 735.2 736.9 709.2 730.0 730.9 731.1 733.1 733.1 .0

Retail trade ............................................................ 15,646.1 15,222.9 15,585.1 15,729.4 15,077.0 15,230.7 15,183.1 15,177.5 15,190.2 15,174.6 -15.6

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1........................ 1,895.7 1,924.8 1,912.0 1,900.0 1,905.9 1,923.9 1,923.2 1,917.1 1,911.0 1,910.0 -1.0

Automobile dealers ......................................... 1,245.3 1,254.1 1,242.3 1,235.7 1,249.1 1,255.7 1,256.8 1,249.8 1,242.1 1,240.0 -2.1

Furniture and home furnishings stores ............. 586.6 573.9 589.8 598.2 563.7 567.6 570.9 571.4 572.6 573.4 .8

Electronics and appliance stores ....................... 542.6 538.7 561.1 567.5 516.5 532.3 534.0 536.3 538.9 539.6 .7

Building material and garden supply stores ...... 1,221.0 1,262.1 1,263.4 1,259.4 1,243.5 1,275.1 1,269.5 1,269.8 1,276.8 1,283.7 6.9

Food and beverage stores ................................. 2,857.2 2,827.3 2,854.2 2,862.1 2,819.8 2,828.5 2,819.3 2,826.1 2,827.1 2,826.9 -.2

Health and personal care stores ....................... 958.3 961.5 969.2 972.0 946.6 962.4 955.5 961.2 961.4 960.7 -.7

Gasoline stations ................................................ 868.5 880.1 870.6 868.6 871.3 880.5 878.1 878.3 872.4 872.7 .3

Clothing and clothing accessories stores ......... 1,493.5 1,402.7 1,484.0 1,532.0 1,381.3 1,420.6 1,404.3 1,407.2 1,420.5 1,417.5 -3.0

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

 stores................................................................ 702.2 636.8 670.6 701.5 635.8 636.7 626.5 632.3 635.7 635.8 .1

1 General merchandise stores ............................. 3,118.1 2,858.1 3,034.5 3,067.9 2,852.9 2,862.0 2,857.3 2,837.6 2,838.8 2,816.1 -22.7

Department stores .......................................... 1,819.6 1,626.8 1,753.2 1,786.8 1,619.3 1,635.1 1,629.9 1,610.3 1,607.0 1,597.2 -9.8

Miscellaneous store retailers ............................. 948.5 922.8 925.8 943.2 918.2 920.0 918.8 916.4 911.8 914.8 3.0

Nonstore retailers ............................................... 453.9 434.1 449.9 457.0 421.5 421.1 425.7 423.8 423.2 423.4 .2

Transportation and warehousing .......................... 4,338.1 4,414.5 4,422.6 4,415.1 4,288.0 4,368.6 4,371.9 4,372.7 4,384.3 4,374.0 -10.3

Air transportation ................................................ 512.6 496.0 491.0 485.8 512.3 503.9 496.8 493.5 489.6 484.9 -4.7

Rail transportation .............................................. 224.5 223.8 223.6 223.0 224.0 223.1 223.2 223.1 222.9 222.8 -.1

Water transportation ........................................... 57.2 64.5 64.4 65.3 58.6 62.8 63.9 64.8 66.0 66.7 .7

Truck transportation ........................................... 1,367.2 1,417.0 1,415.5 1,407.8 1,366.5 1,392.4 1,397.0 1,400.8 1,406.4 1,407.6 1.2

Transit and ground passenger transportation ... 407.7 408.1 412.8 408.3 391.0 391.1 392.6 392.7 397.0 391.6 -5.4

Pipeline transportation ....................................... 38.6 39.2 39.1 39.1 38.7 39.5 39.5 39.2 39.2 39.1 -.1

Scenic and sightseeing transportation .............. 22.0 29.9 24.4 24.1 26.6 29.0 28.4 29.1 29.1 29.8 .7

Support activities for transportation ................... 550.7 557.5 558.7 563.7 547.0 554.3 557.8 556.2 558.6 560.4 1.8

Couriers and messengers .................................. 581.9 586.2 596.8 603.2 556.4 586.8 586.9 588.7 590.3 584.2 -6.1

Warehousing and storage .................................. 575.7 592.3 596.3 594.8 566.9 585.7 585.8 584.6 585.2 586.9 1.7

Utilities ................................................................... 568.5 576.3 576.8 574.5 571.3 577.1 576.7 577.4 578.1 577.4 -.7

Information ................................................................ 3,139 3,132 3,152 3,160 3,127 3,147 3,153 3,142 3,146 3,149 3

Publishing industries, except Internet ............... 909.5 908.5 911.2 911.9 905.7 909.0 909.0 908.6 908.2 908.6 .4

Motion picture and sound recording industries . 390.2 387.6 400.5 409.0 384.8 396.0 403.3 395.1 397.9 402.7 4.8

Broadcasting, except Internet ............................ 333.1 331.5 331.5 332.7 329.7 333.0 330.8 331.2 330.5 330.2 -.3

Internet publishing and broadcasting ................ 33.6 35.5 35.8 36.3 34.0 35.6 35.8 35.8 35.9 36.7 .8

Telecommunications .......................................... 1,031.4 1,030.9 1,033.3 1,029.7 1,031.5 1,031.4 1,031.6 1,031.5 1,033.6 1,029.9 -3.7

ISPs, search portals, and data processing ....... 390.5 389.1 389.5 390.5 390.4 392.2 392.5 390.5 389.4 391.0 1.6

Other information services ................................. 50.6 49.2 50.2 50.2 50.7 50.2 50.1 49.7 50.3 50.3 .0

Financial activities .................................................... 8,124 8,279 8,292 8,315 8,128 8,248 8,265 8,289 8,304 8,316 12

Finance and insurance .......................................... 6,017.4 6,110.2 6,126.7 6,145.2 6,014.5 6,086.4 6,101.1 6,119.8 6,131.2 6,139.8 8.6

Monetary authorities - central bank ................... 20.6 20.3 20.5 20.7 20.6 20.3 20.4 20.4 20.6 20.7 .1

1 Credit intermediation and related activities ....... 2,868.6 2,942.4 2,947.2 2,954.9 2,871.9 2,931.2 2,940.0 2,949.1 2,951.5 2,955.6 4.1

1 Depository credit intermediation ..................... 1,774.2 1,811.6 1,817.0 1,825.6 1,778.8 1,809.9 1,814.8 1,820.4 1,823.2 1,828.5 5.3

Commercial banking .................................... 1,292.9 1,314.7 1,319.8 1,323.9 1,296.8 1,315.3 1,318.9 1,321.5 1,324.7 1,327.0 2.3

Securities, commodity contracts, investments .. 780.7 795.0 799.3 804.0 779.7 791.5 794.3 797.4 799.9 802.8 2.9

Insurance carriers and related activities ........... 2,263.8 2,267.4 2,274.3 2,280.4 2,258.1 2,258.2 2,261.5 2,267.4 2,273.4 2,275.0 1.6

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles ........ 83.7 85.1 85.4 85.2 84.2 85.2 84.9 85.5 85.8 85.7 -.1

Real estate and rental and leasing ....................... 2,106.5 2,169.0 2,165.2 2,169.5 2,113.6 2,161.5 2,163.9 2,169.2 2,172.7 2,176.4 3.7

Real estate .......................................................... 1,433.4 1,487.7 1,485.2 1,490.3 1,437.8 1,475.8 1,480.0 1,485.2 1,487.7 1,493.3 5.6

Rental and leasing services ............................... 648.2 654.3 653.0 652.8 650.9 659.6 657.5 657.3 658.2 656.6 -1.6

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets ......... 24.9 27.0 27.0 26.4 24.9 26.1 26.4 26.7 26.8 26.5 -.3

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2004

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005p

Dec.

2005p

Dec.

2004

Aug.

2005

Sept.

2005

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005p

Dec.

2005p

Change

from:

Nov. 2005-

Dec. 2005p

Professional and business services ........................ 16,660 17,235 17,250 17,160 16,674 16,983 17,037 17,051 17,127 17,160 33

1 Professional and technical services ..................... 6,871.3 6,982.0 7,010.2 7,075.5 6,869.9 6,986.2 7,008.0 7,020.3 7,041.4 7,069.4 28.0

Legal services .................................................. 1,168.5 1,154.7 1,156.6 1,163.0 1,164.4 1,162.5 1,154.6 1,155.2 1,156.1 1,159.0 2.9

Accounting and bookkeeping services ........... 819.8 799.3 805.0 858.2 840.8 863.5 868.9 869.2 873.2 879.2 6.0

Architectural and engineering services .......... 1,285.9 1,345.7 1,347.9 1,343.9 1,289.5 1,322.3 1,332.5 1,335.8 1,341.6 1,346.0 4.4

Computer systems design and related

 services.......................................................... 1,183.3 1,203.4 1,212.4 1,215.6 1,174.3 1,187.8 1,192.4 1,199.7 1,203.6 1,206.2 2.6

Management and technical consulting

 services.......................................................... 796.6 824.9 829.4 837.2 789.9 814.7 817.2 820.6 826.4 830.6 4.2

Management of companies and enterprises ....... 1,733.9 1,728.8 1,738.4 1,738.2 1,725.6 1,735.9 1,727.3 1,730.1 1,732.0 1,731.6 -.4

Administrative and waste services ....................... 8,054.3 8,524.4 8,501.2 8,346.7 8,078.0 8,261.0 8,301.6 8,301.0 8,353.6 8,359.1 5.5

1 Administrative and support services ................. 7,730.4 8,203.4 8,185.4 8,032.2 7,751.4 7,935.6 7,979.3 7,981.5 8,036.6 8,041.7 5.1

1 Employment services ...................................... 3,638.8 3,929.1 3,940.3 3,854.4 3,584.5 3,721.2 3,758.6 3,759.3 3,808.1 3,791.4 -16.7

Temporary help services ............................. 2,507.3 2,739.2 2,723.4 2,675.0 2,479.4 2,561.9 2,592.4 2,604.9 2,626.1 2,635.1 9.0

Business support services .............................. 768.1 746.8 748.3 753.0 757.0 751.0 750.5 742.4 741.9 741.9 .0

Services to buildings and dwellings ............... 1,628.2 1,786.0 1,767.1 1,679.1 1,706.1 1,735.3 1,735.7 1,742.8 1,752.9 1,756.4 3.5

Waste management and remediation services 323.9 321.0 315.8 314.5 326.6 325.4 322.3 319.5 317.0 317.4 .4

Education and health services ................................ 17,310 17,618 17,706 17,671 17,142 17,418 17,455 17,443 17,480 17,505 25

Educational services ............................................. 2,950.8 2,990.4 3,024.3 2,968.9 2,805.5 2,846.2 2,858.1 2,824.0 2,829.7 2,828.0 -1.7

Health care and social assistance ........................14,358.7 14,627.3 14,681.7 14,701.7 14,336.1 14,571.8 14,596.6 14,618.7 14,650.3 14,676.9 26.6

3 Health care ............................................................ 12,187.4 12,398.3 12,439.6 12,458.3 12,168.4 12,363.5 12,381.2 12,393.4 12,418.0 12,439.1 21.1

1 Ambulatory health care services ....................... 5,028.6 5,137.4 5,164.0 5,171.2 5,017.0 5,120.1 5,126.6 5,134.4 5,150.5 5,159.6 9.1

Offices of physicians ....................................... 2,092.5 2,141.6 2,155.0 2,162.7 2,084.3 2,133.4 2,135.7 2,141.3 2,148.6 2,153.6 5.0

Outpatient care centers ................................... 450.2 465.6 469.4 470.3 450.3 462.5 465.4 466.5 468.7 470.0 1.3

Home health care services ............................. 796.1 811.6 813.4 814.5 790.7 808.9 809.9 809.4 810.0 810.7 .7

Hospitals ............................................................. 4,325.4 4,400.3 4,411.2 4,416.9 4,323.5 4,391.4 4,396.8 4,402.1 4,408.0 4,415.7 7.7

1 Nursing and residential care facilities ............... 2,833.4 2,860.6 2,864.4 2,870.2 2,827.9 2,852.0 2,857.8 2,856.9 2,859.5 2,863.8 4.3

Nursing care facilities ...................................... 1,577.4 1,577.4 1,579.6 1,583.3 1,574.5 1,575.9 1,576.7 1,575.2 1,576.3 1,579.4 3.1

1 Social assistance ................................................ 2,171.3 2,229.0 2,242.1 2,243.4 2,167.7 2,208.3 2,215.4 2,225.3 2,232.3 2,237.8 5.5

Child day care services ................................... 789.4 811.7 814.5 810.8 780.4 791.6 795.3 800.6 802.3 802.0 -.3

Leisure and hospitality ............................................. 12,303 12,704 12,546 12,529 12,589 12,830 12,762 12,755 12,808 12,831 23

Arts, entertainment, and recreation ...................... 1,661.6 1,794.1 1,699.1 1,671.0 1,811.0 1,840.2 1,830.3 1,832.5 1,838.4 1,829.7 -8.7

Performing arts and spectator sports ................ 348.3 358.2 339.9 330.0 357.9 363.7 361.3 353.2 349.9 344.9 -5.0

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks ...... 110.3 118.1 114.5 111.6 114.8 117.1 118.7 117.1 117.1 117.2 .1

Amusements, gambling, and recreation ........... 1,203.0 1,317.8 1,244.7 1,229.4 1,338.3 1,359.4 1,350.3 1,362.2 1,371.4 1,367.6 -3.8

Accommodations and food services .................... 10,641.5 10,909.6 10,846.9 10,857.6 10,778.4 10,989.3 10,931.4 10,922.9 10,969.9 11,001.2 31.3

Accommodations ................................................ 1,756.1 1,811.4 1,776.4 1,761.8 1,824.6 1,831.4 1,831.1 1,830.6 1,831.9 1,827.4 -4.5

Food services and drinking places .................... 8,885.4 9,098.2 9,070.5 9,095.8 8,953.8 9,157.9 9,100.3 9,092.3 9,138.0 9,173.8 35.8

Other services .......................................................... 5,433 5,437 5,447 5,462 5,447 5,469 5,468 5,458 5,466 5,477 11

Repair and maintenance .................................... 1,222.2 1,230.5 1,231.8 1,242.1 1,229.9 1,239.4 1,236.1 1,234.5 1,238.5 1,248.0 9.5

Personal and laundry services .......................... 1,276.1 1,272.2 1,276.6 1,274.5 1,276.8 1,281.2 1,279.3 1,277.2 1,278.1 1,277.3 -.8

Membership associations and organizations .... 2,934.8 2,934.2 2,939.0 2,945.3 2,940.6 2,948.8 2,952.7 2,946.3 2,949.1 2,951.9 2.8

Government .............................................................. 22,044 22,173 22,320 22,244 21,700 21,849 21,856 21,850 21,874 21,888 14

Federal ................................................................... 2,723 2,714 2,714 2,723 2,706 2,718 2,718 2,716 2,718 2,712 -6

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service ................. 1,929.4 1,935.4 1,931.5 1,930.0 1,939.5 1,936.5 1,937.2 1,936.9 1,939.1 1,939.3 .2

U.S. Postal Service ............................................ 793.7 778.7 782.7 792.7 766.4 781.1 780.8 779.3 779.1 772.3 -6.8

State government .................................................. 5,110 5,166 5,196 5,156 5,020 5,033 5,039 5,037 5,045 5,057 12

State government education .............................. 2,384.6 2,425.4 2,457.7 2,414.0 2,277.9 2,287.3 2,292.1 2,286.8 2,292.0 2,298.9 6.9

State government, excluding education ............ 2,725.3 2,740.2 2,738.1 2,742.4 2,741.9 2,745.3 2,746.5 2,750.3 2,752.5 2,758.1 5.6

Local government .................................................. 14,211 14,293 14,410 14,365 13,974 14,098 14,099 14,097 14,111 14,119 8

Local government education ............................. 8,117.1 8,125.8 8,241.6 8,221.6 7,810.8 7,899.7 7,887.9 7,888.3 7,894.1 7,906.2 12.1

Local government, excluding education ........... 6,093.5 6,167.1 6,168.2 6,143.1 6,163.1 6,198.7 6,210.9 6,208.6 6,216.5 6,213.2 -3.3

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately. 3Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and 

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, nursing and residential care facilities.

and motor vehicle parts. p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2004

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005p

Dec.

2005p

Dec.

2004

Aug.

2005

Sept.

2005

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005p

Dec.

2005p

Change

from:

Nov. 2005-

Dec. 2005p

Total private ....................................... 33.8 34.1 33.8 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.7 -0.1

Goods-producing .......................................... 40.3 40.6 40.6 40.3 40.0 39.9 40.0 40.3 40.4 40.1 -.3

Natural resources and mining .............................. 45.3 46.4 45.5 45.3 45.4 46.0 45.7 45.8 45.3 45.4 .1

Construction ............................................................ 38.2 39.1 39.3 38.1 38.4 38.3 38.3 38.6 39.3 38.5 -.8

Manufacturing ......................................................... 41.2 41.2 41.1 41.3 40.5 40.5 40.7 41.0 40.8 40.7 -.1

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.9 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.5 .0

Durable goods ..................................................... 41.7 41.7 41.7 41.8 41.1 41.1 41.1 41.6 41.4 41.1 -.3

Overtime hours ............................................ 5.1 4.9 4.9 5.0 4.6 4.7 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.5 -.2

Wood products .................................................. 40.4 41.1 41.0 40.2 40.3 39.5 39.8 40.8 40.7 40.1 -.6

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 42.1 43.6 43.6 41.1 42.3 41.6 42.1 43.0 43.3 41.5 -1.8

Primary metals .................................................. 43.4 43.4 43.5 43.7 42.8 43.1 43.3 43.4 43.3 43.1 -.2

Fabricated metal products .............................. 41.6 41.8 41.6 41.9 40.9 40.8 40.7 41.5 41.3 41.2 -.1

Machinery .......................................................... 42.8 42.1 42.2 42.9 42.0 42.0 42.1 42.2 42.1 42.1 .0

Computer and electronic products ................ 40.4 40.6 40.9 41.1 39.8 39.7 40.0 40.4 40.4 40.4 .0

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 40.8 41.7 41.8 41.7 40.0 40.9 41.2 41.2 41.2 41.0 -.2

Transportation equipment ............................... 43.4 43.2 43.0 43.5 42.4 42.8 42.6 43.0 42.8 42.5 -.3

Motor vehicles and parts 2.............................. 43.5 43.2 42.6 43.0 42.6 42.9 42.6 42.8 42.4 42.1 -.3

Furniture and related products ....................... 40.6 38.8 38.7 39.6 39.5 39.1 39.4 39.1 38.7 38.6 -.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 38.8 39.1 38.6 38.5 38.3 38.8 38.7 39.0 38.4 38.2 -.2

Nondurable goods ............................................... 40.3 40.3 40.2 40.5 39.8 39.7 39.9 40.1 39.8 39.9 .1

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.7 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.5 .2

Food manufacturing ......................................... 39.4 39.4 39.1 39.9 38.8 38.8 38.7 39.0 38.5 39.1 .6

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 39.2 40.6 40.1 39.1 39.6 40.0 39.5 40.8 40.1 39.7 -.4

Textile mills ........................................................ 40.1 39.9 40.8 41.6 39.8 40.0 40.1 40.3 40.7 41.2 .5

Textile product mills ......................................... 39.5 39.0 39.2 38.8 39.0 38.6 38.8 38.8 39.0 38.4 -.6

Apparel ............................................................... 36.4 36.2 36.3 36.6 35.9 35.7 35.7 36.1 36.0 36.0 .0

Leather and allied products ............................ 38.0 39.0 39.4 37.9 37.6 38.5 38.4 38.5 39.0 38.0 -1.0

Paper and paper products .............................. 42.9 43.1 43.3 43.4 42.0 42.5 42.9 42.9 42.8 42.5 -.3

Printing and related support activities ........... 39.0 38.8 38.8 38.7 38.5 38.4 38.7 38.5 38.3 38.2 -.1

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 44.9 47.6 46.6 45.4 44.6 45.3 47.0 47.2 46.0 45.5 -.5

Chemicals .......................................................... 43.1 42.7 42.4 42.5 42.6 41.7 42.0 42.8 42.1 42.0 -.1

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 40.4 40.1 40.4 40.9 39.8 39.9 40.1 40.0 40.1 40.2 .1

Private service-providing ............................. 32.4 32.6 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 .0

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 33.6 33.5 33.3 33.5 33.6 33.3 33.3 33.4 33.5 33.4 -.1

Wholesale trade ................................................... 37.5 38.2 37.9 37.8 37.6 37.5 37.7 37.9 37.8 37.9 .1

Retail trade ........................................................... 31.0 30.4 30.3 30.7 30.8 30.5 30.5 30.5 30.6 30.5 -.1

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 37.7 37.1 37.2 37.1 37.4 36.9 36.6 36.8 37.0 36.8 -.2

Utilities ................................................................... 40.5 41.6 41.8 41.2 40.7 41.1 41.3 41.3 41.4 41.5 .1

Information ............................................................... 36.4 37.0 36.6 36.5 36.4 36.5 36.7 36.7 36.5 36.6 .1

Financial activities .................................................. 35.5 36.5 35.6 35.6 35.7 36.0 36.0 36.0 35.8 35.8 .0

Professional and business services .................... 34.1 34.6 34.2 34.2 34.2 34.2 34.3 34.3 34.2 34.3 .1

Education and health services ............................. 32.5 32.8 32.5 32.4 32.5 32.5 32.7 32.6 32.5 32.5 .0

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 25.4 25.9 25.4 25.2 25.7 25.7 25.8 25.7 25.7 25.6 -.1

Other services ......................................................... 30.8 31.0 30.8 30.9 30.8 30.9 30.9 30.9 30.9 30.9 .0

1 Data relate to production workers in natural resources and mining and 2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor 

manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory vehicle parts.

workers in the service-providing industries. These groups account for p = preliminary.

approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and 

selected industry detail

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Dec.

2004

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005p

Dec.

2005p

Dec.

2004

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005p

Dec.

2005p

Total private ....................................... $15.88 $16.35 $16.32 $16.37 $536.74 $557.54 $551.62 $551.67

Seasonally adjusted ..................... 15.85 16.28 16.29 16.34 534.15 550.26 550.60 550.66

Goods-producing .......................................... 17.43 17.81 17.80 17.82 702.43 723.09 722.68 718.15

Natural resources and mining .............................. 18.46 19.02 19.09 18.87 836.24 882.53 868.60 854.81

Construction ............................................................ 19.31 19.75 19.67 19.72 737.64 772.23 773.03 751.33

Manufacturing ......................................................... 16.46 16.69 16.72 16.82 678.15 687.63 687.19 694.67

Durable goods ..................................................... 17.22 17.52 17.58 17.71 718.07 730.58 733.09 740.28

Wood products .................................................. 13.17 13.26 13.29 13.10 532.07 544.99 544.89 526.62

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 16.36 16.71 16.54 16.51 688.76 728.56 721.14 678.56

Primary metals .................................................. 18.75 19.09 19.31 19.31 813.75 828.51 839.99 843.85

Fabricated metal products .............................. 15.59 15.93 16.00 16.14 648.54 665.87 665.60 676.27

Machinery .......................................................... 16.99 17.04 17.05 17.21 727.17 717.38 719.51 738.31

Computer and electronic products ................ 17.92 18.66 18.61 18.75 723.97 757.60 761.15 770.63

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 15.12 15.38 15.44 15.55 616.90 641.35 645.39 648.44

Transportation equipment ............................... 22.17 22.55 22.69 22.81 962.18 974.16 975.67 992.24

Furniture and related products ....................... 13.46 13.47 13.45 13.64 546.48 522.64 520.52 540.14

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 14.05 14.10 14.13 14.35 545.14 551.31 545.42 552.48

Nondurable goods ............................................... 15.21 15.31 15.28 15.31 612.96 616.99 614.26 620.06

Food manufacturing ......................................... 13.03 13.01 13.05 13.09 513.38 512.59 510.26 522.29

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 18.82 18.53 19.09 18.55 737.74 752.32 765.51 725.31

Textile mills ........................................................ 12.25 12.31 12.51 12.43 491.23 491.17 510.41 517.09

Textile product mills ......................................... 11.43 11.71 11.44 11.60 451.49 456.69 448.45 450.08

Apparel ............................................................... 10.00 10.27 10.48 10.43 364.00 371.77 380.42 381.74

Leather and allied products ............................ 11.51 11.49 11.51 11.51 437.38 448.11 453.49 436.23

Paper and paper products .............................. 18.07 17.91 17.81 17.95 775.20 771.92 771.17 779.03

Printing and related support activities ........... 15.80 15.91 15.81 16.11 616.20 617.31 613.43 623.46

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 24.48 24.57 24.68 25.00 1,099.15 1,169.53 1,150.09 1,135.00

Chemicals .......................................................... 19.59 19.86 19.77 19.77 844.33 848.02 838.25 840.23

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 14.76 14.79 14.73 14.70 596.30 593.08 595.09 601.23

Private service-providing ............................. 15.46 15.95 15.92 15.98 500.90 519.97 514.22 516.15

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 14.61 15.11 15.01 15.00 490.90 506.19 499.83 502.50

Wholesale trade ................................................... 17.87 18.45 18.40 18.43 670.13 704.79 697.36 696.65

Retail trade ........................................................... 12.10 12.42 12.29 12.32 375.10 377.57 372.39 378.22

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 16.59 16.84 16.91 16.97 625.44 624.76 629.05 629.59

Utilities ................................................................... 26.00 27.28 27.25 27.03 1,053.00 1,134.85 1,139.05 1,113.64

Information ............................................................... 21.74 22.87 22.55 22.79 791.34 846.19 825.33 831.84

Financial activities .................................................. 17.67 18.24 18.27 18.27 627.29 665.76 650.41 650.41

Professional and business services .................... 17.73 18.33 18.22 18.37 604.59 634.22 623.12 628.25

Education and health services ............................. 16.44 16.86 16.92 17.01 534.30 553.01 549.90 551.12

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 9.11 9.25 9.28 9.36 231.39 239.58 235.71 235.87

Other services ......................................................... 14.17 14.35 14.37 14.43 436.44 444.85 442.60 445.89

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Total private:

Dec.

2004

Aug.

2005

Sept.

2005

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005p

Dec.

2005p

Percent

change from:

Nov. 2005-

Dec. 2005p

Current dollars .............................................. $15.85 $16.17 $16.19 $16.28 $16.29 $16.34 0.3

2 Constant (1982) dollars .............................. 8.23 8.16 8.06 8.10 8.16 N.A. 3( )

Goods-producing .......................................................... 17.36 17.67 17.65 17.74 17.76 17.77 .1

Natural resources and mining .............................................. 18.37 18.87 19.00 19.03 19.08 18.84 -1.3

Construction ............................................................................ 19.29 19.51 19.53 19.60 19.63 19.69 .3

Manufacturing ......................................................................... 16.34 16.65 16.59 16.70 16.70 16.71 .1

4 Excluding overtime .................................................... 15.48 15.77 15.72 15.81 15.83 15.83 .0

Durable goods ..................................................................... 17.06 17.46 17.39 17.51 17.53 17.56 .2

Nondurable goods ............................................................... 15.16 15.30 15.28 15.33 15.29 15.29 .0

Private service-providing ............................................. 15.45 15.77 15.80 15.89 15.89 15.95 .4

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................................... 14.72 15.02 14.99 15.07 15.04 15.11 .5

Wholesale trade ................................................................... 17.87 18.24 18.29 18.36 18.39 18.43 .2

Retail trade ........................................................................... 12.21 12.43 12.32 12.42 12.34 12.42 .6

Transportation and warehousing ...................................... 16.54 16.81 16.83 16.82 16.88 16.93 .3

Utilities ................................................................................... 26.11 26.90 27.03 27.15 27.09 27.11 .1

Information ............................................................................... 21.70 22.26 22.36 22.70 22.45 22.69 1.1

Financial activities .................................................................. 17.71 17.97 18.09 18.15 18.30 18.30 .0

Professional and business services .................................... 17.69 18.09 18.08 18.26 18.25 18.33 .4

Education and health services ............................................. 16.37 16.75 16.81 16.86 16.91 16.94 .2

Leisure and hospitality ........................................................... 9.01 9.16 9.21 9.21 9.23 9.25 .2

Other services ......................................................................... 14.13 14.28 14.29 14.33 14.35 14.37 .1

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. 4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the 

2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and rate of time and one-half.

Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this series. N.A. = not available.

3 Change was 0.7 percent from Oct. 2005 to Nov. 2005, the p = preliminary.

latest month available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2004

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005p

Dec.

2005p

Dec.

2004

Aug.

2005

Sept.

2005

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005p

Dec.

2005p

Percent

change from:

Nov. 2005-

Dec. 2005p

Total private ....................................... 102.1 104.9 104.3 103.8 101.2 102.9 103.2 103.3 103.6 103.4 -0.2

Goods-producing .......................................... 97.7 102.0 101.8 99.6 97.5 98.3 98.7 99.7 100.4 99.7 -.7

Natural resources and mining .............................. 108.6 121.8 118.7 118.2 109.0 116.8 116.6 117.8 117.2 118.7 1.3

Construction ............................................................ 101.7 113.5 113.2 105.0 104.0 106.6 107.0 108.1 110.8 108.1 -2.4

Manufacturing ......................................................... 95.5 95.9 95.9 96.5 93.9 93.8 94.2 95.2 95.0 94.9 -.1

Durable goods ..................................................... 96.8 98.1 98.5 99.1 95.3 96.0 96.0 97.7 97.6 97.2 -.4

Wood products .................................................. 100.6 103.2 102.5 100.7 101.1 98.1 99.3 101.7 101.6 100.9 -.7

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 97.3 101.3 100.8 92.3 98.3 95.3 96.0 97.9 98.5 93.9 -4.7

Primary metals .................................................. 94.3 94.2 94.5 96.1 92.6 93.0 93.7 94.3 94.3 94.2 -.1

Fabricated metal products .............................. 100.1 101.4 101.7 102.6 98.4 99.0 98.8 100.6 100.8 100.9 .1

Machinery .......................................................... 98.4 99.4 99.5 101.9 96.5 98.7 98.9 100.1 99.6 99.9 .3

Computer and electronic products ................ 91.2 101.0 103.4 105.5 89.7 96.1 98.3 100.6 102.2 103.7 1.5

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 89.9 90.0 90.1 90.7 87.5 88.3 88.8 89.0 88.8 88.5 -.3

Transportation equipment ............................... 99.3 99.0 99.3 101.2 96.4 97.3 96.1 98.5 98.4 98.0 -.4

Motor vehicles and parts 2.............................. 99.2 96.1 94.8 95.9 96.4 94.7 95.6 95.1 93.9 93.0 -1.0

Furniture and related products ....................... 96.3 89.5 89.3 91.9 93.6 90.5 91.1 90.4 89.3 89.4 .1

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 92.6 91.9 91.2 90.7 90.9 91.1 90.5 91.3 89.9 89.3 -.7

Nondurable goods ............................................... 93.1 92.3 91.9 92.2 92.0 90.5 91.0 91.2 90.6 90.8 .2

Food manufacturing ......................................... 98.0 98.4 97.1 98.4 96.7 95.7 95.3 95.7 94.7 96.2 1.6

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 89.9 102.0 97.5 95.8 91.0 95.5 94.1 100.2 96.9 97.0 .1

Textile mills ........................................................ 76.5 70.4 70.7 70.2 76.2 71.7 71.2 70.8 70.4 70.1 -.4

Textile product mills ......................................... 92.8 95.3 97.0 95.9 92.1 93.1 94.9 95.4 96.5 95.1 -1.5

Apparel ............................................................... 71.0 64.3 66.2 66.2 70.9 64.7 64.5 64.1 65.4 65.5 .2

Leather and allied products ............................ 85.4 88.2 89.4 88.5 85.0 86.8 86.9 87.4 88.8 88.5 -.3

Paper and paper products .............................. 91.4 90.6 91.1 90.6 89.2 90.0 90.6 89.9 89.7 88.5 -1.3

Printing and related support activities ........... 95.0 93.0 93.4 93.1 93.5 91.7 92.5 92.1 91.8 91.5 -.3

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 103.1 110.7 105.2 99.8 104.7 104.7 107.5 108.2 103.8 102.8 -1.0

Chemicals .......................................................... 99.0 97.0 96.7 97.2 97.8 95.1 96.3 97.7 96.3 96.1 -.2

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 94.0 92.8 93.3 94.1 92.8 91.8 92.5 92.2 92.5 92.6 .1

Private service-providing ............................. 103.2 105.4 104.9 105.0 102.5 104.2 104.3 104.3 104.6 104.6 .0

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 103.4 102.1 103.2 104.4 100.4 101.2 100.9 101.3 101.7 101.3 -.4

Wholesale trade ................................................... 99.4 103.2 102.6 102.4 99.4 100.8 101.5 102.2 102.1 102.5 .4

Retail trade ........................................................... 105.0 99.9 102.2 104.6 99.9 100.3 99.8 99.8 100.2 99.7 -.5

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 106.1 107.0 107.5 106.9 103.8 105.0 104.2 104.9 105.7 104.9 -.8

Utilities ................................................................... 93.8 98.5 99.3 97.3 94.7 97.3 97.9 98.0 98.6 98.3 -.3

Information ............................................................... 102.0 104.2 103.6 103.3 101.3 103.0 104.3 103.8 103.4 103.1 -.3

Financial activities .................................................. 102.9 107.8 105.3 105.8 103.6 106.0 106.2 106.5 106.2 106.4 .2

Professional and business services .................... 103.7 109.8 108.7 108.1 103.9 106.6 107.3 107.4 107.8 108.4 .6

Education and health services ............................. 105.7 108.4 108.0 107.4 104.7 106.3 107.1 106.7 106.6 106.7 .1

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 100.4 106.0 102.6 101.5 104.2 105.9 106.2 105.7 106.2 105.9 -.3

Other services ......................................................... 96.4 97.2 96.8 97.3 96.6 97.5 97.5 97.3 97.5 97.7 .2

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate hours estimates

and motor vehicle parts. are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and production or

p = preliminary. nonsupervisory worker employment.

NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by 
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2004

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005p

Dec.

2005p

Dec.

2004

Aug.

2005

Sept.

2005

Oct.

2005

Nov.

2005p

Dec.

2005p

Percent

change from:

Nov. 2005-

Dec. 2005p

Total private ....................................... 108.4 114.7 113.9 113.7 107.4 111.3 111.8 112.5 112.9 113.0 0.1

Goods-producing .......................................... 104.3 111.2 111.0 108.7 103.7 106.4 106.7 108.3 109.2 108.4 -.7

Natural resources and mining .............................. 116.6 134.7 131.8 129.7 116.5 128.2 128.8 130.4 130.1 130.1 .0

Construction ............................................................ 106.1 121.1 120.2 111.8 108.3 112.3 112.8 114.4 117.4 115.0 -2.0

Manufacturing ......................................................... 102.8 104.7 104.9 106.1 100.3 102.1 102.2 103.9 103.7 103.7 .0

Durable goods ..................................................... 104.1 107.2 108.1 109.6 101.5 104.6 104.2 106.8 106.8 106.6 -.2

Nondurable goods ............................................... 100.1 99.9 99.2 99.7 98.6 97.9 98.3 98.8 97.9 98.1 .2

Private service-providing ............................. 109.6 115.5 114.8 115.2 108.8 112.9 113.2 113.8 114.2 114.7 .4

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 107.8 110.0 110.5 111.7 105.5 108.4 107.9 108.9 109.1 109.2 .1

Wholesale trade ................................................... 104.7 112.2 111.2 111.2 104.7 108.3 109.4 110.5 110.6 111.2 .5

Retail trade ........................................................... 108.9 106.3 107.7 110.4 104.5 106.8 105.3 106.3 106.0 106.1 .1

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 111.7 114.3 115.3 115.1 108.9 112.0 111.3 111.9 113.2 112.6 -.5

Utilities ................................................................... 101.8 112.1 113.0 109.8 103.2 109.2 110.4 111.0 111.5 111.3 -.2

Information ............................................................... 109.8 117.9 115.7 116.6 108.8 113.5 115.4 116.6 114.9 115.8 .8

Financial activities .................................................. 112.5 121.6 119.0 119.5 113.5 117.7 118.7 119.5 120.1 120.4 .2

Professional and business services .................... 109.4 119.7 117.9 118.1 109.4 114.8 115.5 116.7 117.1 118.2 .9

Education and health services ............................. 114.3 120.2 120.1 120.1 112.6 117.1 118.3 118.3 118.5 118.8 .3

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 106.7 114.3 111.0 110.8 109.4 113.1 114.0 113.5 114.3 114.2 -.1

Other services ......................................................... 99.5 101.6 101.3 102.3 99.5 101.4 101.5 101.6 101.9 102.2 .3

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate payroll estimates are

p = preliminary. the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and

NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated production or nonsupervisory worker employment. 

by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate payrolls by 
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change

(Percent)

Time span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

Private nonfarm payrolls, 278 industries 1

Over 1-month span:

2001 ........................................................ 49.5 47.7 48.6 32.7 42.4 40.8 36.7 39.0 37.6 33.6 36.9 37.1

2002 ........................................................ 41.0 35.6 39.7 39.2 40.5 47.7 42.8 43.0 42.1 39.0 41.5 35.1

2003 ........................................................ 44.4 38.7 35.3 41.4 39.4 39.9 42.1 39.4 50.4 48.9 50.0 50.5

2004 ........................................................ 50.9 53.4 66.0 67.3 64.6 59.7 55.4 53.8 57.6 58.6 54.7 54.3

2005 ........................................................ 54.1 61.2 53.1 61.7 57.4 54.7 58.8 54.9 56.8 54.0 p 66.0 p 54.9

Over 3-month span:

2001 ........................................................ 53.2 49.8 49.8 42.3 38.1 34.2 37.8 37.6 34.7 35.4 30.8 32.0

2002 ........................................................ 35.3 37.9 36.5 34.2 34.4 39.4 40.6 44.1 37.8 37.1 35.8 36.7

2003 ........................................................ 38.3 35.4 33.3 33.5 36.5 41.7 37.8 37.4 43.2 46.4 48.6 50.2

2004 ........................................................ 52.5 53.8 56.7 69.4 75.4 71.2 63.5 56.8 57.4 59.9 59.7 56.3

2005 ........................................................ 58.5 60.3 63.7 62.4 59.4 64.2 61.3 60.4 56.7 52.0 p 57.0 p 63.1

Over 6-month span:

2001 ........................................................ 53.1 50.9 52.0 45.5 43.0 39.7 38.5 33.6 33.5 34.2 33.6 30.9

2002 ........................................................ 29.5 29.9 32.0 31.7 30.9 37.4 37.1 38.7 35.3 36.0 37.9 35.1

2003 ........................................................ 32.7 32.2 31.3 31.3 33.1 37.6 33.6 32.2 40.3 43.7 46.4 49.3

2004 ........................................................ 47.3 50.4 54.9 62.6 64.4 69.6 67.3 68.9 64.6 62.2 59.7 55.9

2005 ........................................................ 60.3 62.8 63.7 62.2 62.6 63.1 64.0 61.5 62.4 57.0 p 57.0 p 57.4

Over 12-month span:

2001 ........................................................ 59.5 59.5 53.4 49.3 48.6 45.0 43.3 43.9 39.9 37.8 37.1 34.9

2002 ........................................................ 33.6 31.7 30.2 30.4 30.2 29.1 32.0 31.3 30.0 29.5 32.9 34.7

2003 ........................................................ 34.5 31.5 32.9 33.5 34.2 35.1 32.7 33.1 37.1 36.7 37.2 39.2

2004 ........................................................ 40.3 42.1 44.8 48.7 52.0 56.7 57.4 57.6 60.3 62.1 64.6 64.0

2005 ........................................................ 61.2 64.7 64.2 65.8 63.8 60.4 63.8 67.3 62.2 60.4 p 58.6 p 63.1

Over 1-month span:

2001 ........................................................ 22.0 17.3 22.0 17.9 16.1 22.6 13.1 15.5 18.5 17.3 14.9 11.9

2002 ........................................................ 19.0 19.6 22.0 32.1 26.2 31.0 35.7 23.2 28.6 15.5 18.5 16.7

2003 ........................................................ 35.1 19.0 19.0 11.9 19.6 20.8 22.6 24.4 32.7 35.1 39.9 42.9

2004 ........................................................ 39.3 49.4 50.0 65.5 60.1 51.8 60.7 48.8 42.9 42.3 46.4 44.6

2005 ........................................................ 42.3 44.6 41.1 47.6 44.0 33.9 50.0 39.9 48.8 51.2 p 53.6 p 55.4

Over 3-month span:

2001 ........................................................ 32.7 20.8 16.7 14.3 14.3 11.9 11.9 9.5 7.7 12.5 11.3 9.5

2002 ........................................................ 10.7 11.9 11.3 17.9 14.9 20.2 25.6 23.8 20.2 13.7 8.9 9.5

2003 ........................................................ 16.1 14.3 12.5 8.9 10.7 10.7 14.3 15.5 18.5 27.4 31.5 35.1

2004 ........................................................ 42.3 43.5 42.9 58.3 69.0 69.6 62.5 53.6 52.4 44.6 45.2 35.7

2005 ........................................................ 45.2 42.9 52.4 46.4 41.7 38.7 41.1 36.9 41.7 38.1 p 42.3 p 54.8

Over 6-month span:

2001 ........................................................ 22.6 24.4 21.4 19.6 14.3 11.9 13.1 11.3 10.7 7.1 7.7 5.4

2002 ........................................................ 6.0 8.3 8.3 9.5 7.1 13.1 12.5 11.3 14.3 8.3 8.3 7.7

2003 ........................................................ 12.5 10.1 7.1 8.3 11.3 10.7 4.8 10.1 13.1 16.7 19.6 26.8

2004 ........................................................ 27.4 29.8 33.3 47.0 52.4 57.1 60.1 58.9 58.9 50.6 45.2 42.9

2005 ........................................................ 43.5 44.0 42.3 39.3 38.7 36.9 36.9 34.5 41.1 44.6 p 36.3 p 41.1

Over 12-month span:

2001 ........................................................ 29.8 32.1 20.8 19.0 13.1 12.5 10.7 11.9 11.9 10.1 8.3 6.0

2002 ........................................................ 7.1 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.1 3.6 4.8 6.0 4.8 7.1 4.8 8.3

2003 ........................................................ 10.7 6.0 6.5 6.0 8.3 7.1 7.1 8.3 10.7 10.7 9.5 10.7

2004 ........................................................ 13.1 14.3 13.1 19.0 25.6 34.5 43.5 40.5 45.8 48.2 49.4 46.4

2005 ........................................................ 45.2 45.8 47.6 44.6 42.3 39.3 39.3 38.7 31.0 39.3 p 34.5 p 44.0

Manufacturing payrolls, 84 industries 1

1Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where

spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing 

p= preliminary. and decreasing employment. 

NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment