Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-10-0748 

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, June 4, 2010 

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION – MAY 2010

Total nonfarm payroll employment grew by 431,000 in May, reflecting the hiring of 411,000 

temporary employees to work on Census 2010, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. 

Private-sector employment changed little (+41,000). Manufacturing, temporary help services, and 

mining added jobs, while construction employment declined. The unemployment rate edged down 

to 9.7 percent. 

Household Survey Data 

The number of unemployed persons was 15.0 million in May. The unemployment rate edged down to 

9.7 percent, the same rate as in the first 3 months of 2010. (See table A-1.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for blacks (15.5 percent) declined in May, 

while the rates for adult men (9.8 percent), adult women (8.1 percent), teenagers (26.4 percent), whites 

(8.8 percent), and Hispanics (12.4 percent) showed little change. The jobless rate for Asians was 7.5 

percent, not seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

-800

-600

-400

-200

0

200

400

600

M a y-0 8 A u g -0 8 N o v -0 8 F e b -0 9 M a y-0 9 A u g -0 9 N o v -0 9 F e b -10 M a y-10

Thousands

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month 

change, seasonally adjusted, May 2008 – May 2010

Percent

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

M a y-08 A ug -0 8 N o v -08 F eb -0 9 M a y-0 9 A u g -0 9 N o v -0 9 F e b -10 M a y-10

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

May 2008 – May 2010
- 2 - 

In May, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks and over) was about unchanged at 6.8 million. These individuals made up 46.0 percent of unemployed persons, about the same 

as in April. (See table A-12.) 

The number of unemployed reentrants to the labor force fell by 286,000 in May, offsetting an increase 

in April. (See table A-11.) 

In May, the civilian labor force participation rate edged down by 0.2 percentage point to 65.0 percent. The employment-population ratio was about unchanged over the month at 58.7 percent. (See 

table A-1.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as involuntary part-time workers) declined by 343,000 in May to 8.8 million. These individuals were working 

part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See 

table A-8.) 

About 2.2 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force in May, unchanged from a year 

earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and 

were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not 

counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. 

(See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 1.1 million discouraged workers in May, up by 291,000 

from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.1 million 

persons marginally attached to the labor force had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the 

survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

Nonfarm payroll employment increased by 431,000 in May, reflecting the addition of 411,000 

temporary workers for Census 2010. Total private employment showed little change over the month 

(+41,000), following increases in March and April. In May, manufacturing, temporary help services, and 

mining added jobs, while employment in construction declined. (See table B-1.) 

Manufacturing employment increased by 29,000 over the month. Factory employment has risen by 

126,000 over the past 5 months. Within manufacturing, both fabricated metals and machinery added 

jobs in May. 

Temporary help services added 31,000 jobs over the month; employment in the industry has risen by 

362,000 since September 2009. 

Employment in mining continued to increase in May, with a gain of 10,000. Support activities for 

mining accounted for 8,000 of the over-the-month increase. Since October 2009, mining employment 

has expanded by 50,000. 

Health care employment was little changed in May (+8,000). Over the prior 12 months, health care 

employment had increased by an average of 20,000 per month. 
- 3 - 

In May, employment in construction declined by 35,000, largely offsetting gains in the industry in the 

prior 2 months. May's job loss was spread throughout the sector. 

Employment in other private-sector industries, including wholesale trade, retail trade, transportation 

and warehousing, information, financial activities, and leisure and hospitality showed little or no 

change in May. 

Government employment rose by 390,000 in May. The Federal government hired 411,000 temporary 

workers for Census 2010, bringing total temporary census staffing during the payroll survey reference 

period to 564,000. Employment in state government excluding education decreased by 13,000. 

In May, the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 hour to 

34.2 hours. The manufacturing workweek for all employees increased by 0.3 hour to 40.5 hours. The 

average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 hour to 33.5 hours over the month. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

Average hourly earnings of all employees in the private nonfarm sector increased by 7 cents, or 0.3 

percent, to $22.57 in May. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by 1.9 

percent. In May, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees 

increased by 4 cents, or 0.2 percent, to $18.99. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for March was revised from +230,000 to +208,000, 

while the change for April remained at +290,000. 

The Employment Situation for June is scheduled to be released on Friday, July 2, 2010, 

at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010

May

2010

Change from:

Apr. 2010-

May 2010

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population............................................ 235,452 237,159 237,329 237,499 170

Civilian labor force............................................................ 154,956 153,910 154,715 154,393 -322

Participation rate........................................................... 65.8 64.9 65.2 65.0 -0.2

Employed.................................................................... 140,438 138,905 139,455 139,420 -35

Employment-population ratio........................................... 59.6 58.6 58.8 58.7 -0.1

Unemployed................................................................. 14,518 15,005 15,260 14,973 -287

Unemployment rate..................................................... 9.4 9.7 9.9 9.7 -0.2

Not in labor force............................................................. 80,496 83,249 82,614 83,107 493

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over....................................................... 9.4 9.7 9.9 9.7 -0.2

Adult men (20 years and over).............................................. 9.8 10.0 10.1 9.8 -0.3

Adult women (20 years and over).......................................... 7.5 8.0 8.2 8.1 -0.1

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................. 23.2 26.1 25.4 26.4 1.0

White........................................................................... 8.6 8.8 9.0 8.8 -0.2

Black or African American................................................... 15.0 16.5 16.5 15.5 -1.0

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................. 6.7 7.5 6.8 7.5 –

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.................................................. 12.7 12.6 12.5 12.4 -0.1

Total, 25 years and over....................................................... 8.1 8.3 8.3 8.4 0.1

Less than a high school diploma........................................... 15.4 14.5 14.7 15.0 0.3

High school graduates, no college......................................... 10.0 10.8 10.6 10.9 0.3

Some college or associate degree......................................... 7.8 8.2 8.3 8.3 0.0

Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................... 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.7 -0.2

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs................... 9,428 9,354 9,246 9,223 -23

Job leavers....................................................................... 909 894 938 969 31

Reentrants........................................................................ 3,200 3,544 3,739 3,453 -286

New entrants..................................................................... 977 1,197 1,231 1,206 -25

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks.............................................................. 3,219 2,646 2,682 2,752 70

5 to 14 weeks.................................................................... 4,300 3,228 2,991 3,019 28

15 to 26 weeks.................................................................. 2,983 2,436 2,253 2,161 -92

27 weeks and over.............................................................. 4,030 6,547 6,716 6,763 47

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons............................................... 9,048 9,054 9,152 8,809 -343

Slack work or business conditions.......................................... 6,788 6,177 6,268 6,143 -125

Could only find part-time work.............................................. 1,917 2,388 2,489 2,326 -163

Part time for noneconomic reasons........................................... 18,848 18,379 18,140 17,929 -211

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force........................................ 2,210 2,255 2,432 2,223 –

Discouraged workers......................................................... 792 994 1,197 1,083 –

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -387 208 290 431

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -334 158 218 41

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -225 57 62 4

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -14 11 8 10

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -59 27 14 -35

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -152 19 40 29

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -124 24 31 34

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -31.0 3.5 4.2 9.3

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -28 -5 9 -5

Private service-providing1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -109 101 156 37

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -15.8 11.3 5.9 2.0

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -22.2 22.7 18.5 -6.6

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -15.9 12.7 -17.5 11.1

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -25 -11 0 0

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -32 -19 2 -12

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -51 1 73 22

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -12.9 32.3 26.6 31.0

Education and health services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 49 28 17

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.0 39.2 23.1 13.1

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 23 35 2

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -7 11 11 2

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -53 50 72 390

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.8 49.9 49.8 49.8

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.3 48.4 48.3 48.3

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.4 82.4 82.4 82.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.9 34.0 34.1 34.2

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 22.14 $ 22.48 $ 22.50 $ 22.57

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 750.55 $764.32 $767.25 $771.89

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.2 91.5 91.9 92.2

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.3 98.0 98.6 99.3

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.2 0.4 0.6 0.7

HOURS AND EARNINGS

PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.1 33.3 33.4 33.5

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 18.55 $ 18.90 $ 18.95 $ 18.99

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 614.01 $629.37 $632.93 $636.17

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.9 98.5 98.9 99.3

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3 0.5 0.4 0.4

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.5 124.3 125.3 126.0

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.2 0.3 0.8 0.6

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.3 60.4 66.7 54.1

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.0 60.4 64.0 57.3

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing

industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance

between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment 

and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller 

margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its 

much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically 

significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the 

household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the 

establishment survey because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural 

workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household 

survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.

Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it 

is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not 

collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify 

the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born. 

Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records.

The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm. 

Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with 

fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the 

total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled 

to achieve that goal. 

Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment 

change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that 

forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the 

net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The 

establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not 
immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth 

of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new 

businesses to the survey twice a year. 

Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance 

benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who 

are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. 

(People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement 

or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including 

those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In 

addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (discouraged workers and other groups not 

officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in The Employment Situation news release. 
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) 

and the Current Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment 

that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD 

DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households 

conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau 

of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. The sample includes about 

140,000 businesses and government agencies representing 

approximately 410,000 worksites and is drawn from a sampling frame of roughly 8.9 million unemployment insurance 

tax accounts. The active sample includes approximately 

one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that 

contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment 

survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 

12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the 

calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between 

surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment 

sometime during the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting 

recall need not be looking for work to be counted as 

unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the 

household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for 

or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or 

unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment 

rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor 

force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force 

as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. 

Additional information about the household survey can be 

found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are 

counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are 

produced for the private sector for all employees and for 

production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and 

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and 

logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal activity in accordance with the 2007 

version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/#technical. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between 

the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from 

the surveys. Among these are: 

 The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, the self-employed, unpaid family 

workers, and private household workers among the 

employed. These groups are excluded from the 

establishment survey. 

 The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not. 

 The household survey is limited to workers 16 

years of age and older. The establishment survey is 

not limited by age. 

 The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance. 
Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, 

and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal 

developments, such as declines in employment or increases 

in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to 

spot. For example, in the household survey, the large 

number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely 

to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative 

to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of 

economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the 

establishment survey, payroll employment in education 

declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term 

and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the 

underlying employment trends in the industry. Because 

seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of 

the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be 

adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more 

discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a 

more useful tool with which to analyze changes in monthto-month economic activity. 

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, 

such as total payroll employment, employment in most 

major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are 

computed by aggregating independently adjusted 

component series. For example, total unemployment is 

derived by summing the adjusted series for four major agesex components; this differs from the unemployment 

estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the 

total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more 

detailed age categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling 

error. When a sample rather than the entire population is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the "true" population values they represent. The 

exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the 

particular sample selected, and this variability is measured 

by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate 

based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard 

errors from the "true" population value because of sampling 

error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the 

establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 

100,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment 

increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-

percent confidence interval on the monthly change would 

range from -50,000 to +150,000 (50,000 +/- 100,000). 

These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by 

these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent 

chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within 

this interval. Since this range includes values of less than 

zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm 

employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, 

the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then 

all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval 

would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least 

a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, 

risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 

percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly 

change in unemployment as measured by the household 

survey is about +/- 280,000, and for the monthly change in 

the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.19 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, 

such as for quarterly and annual averages. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all 

respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide correct information on a timely 

basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in 

the collection or processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates 

for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete 

returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled 

preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive 

revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample 

reports have been received, that the estimate is considered 

final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 
account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment 

gains from business births. This is incorporated into the 

sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting 

sample units going out of business, but imputing to them 

the same employment trend as the other firms in the 

sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net 

birth/death employment. 

The second component is an ARIMA time series 

model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death 

employment not accounted for by the imputation. The 

historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA 

model was derived from the unemployment insurance 

universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual 

residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough 

proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also 

incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over 

the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total 

nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a 

range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

May

2009

Apr.

2010

May

2010

May

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010

May

2010

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235,452 237,329 237,499 235,452 236,832 236,998 237,159 237,329 237,499

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154,336 153,911 153,866 154,956 153,170 153,512 153,910 154,715 154,393

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.5 64.9 64.8 65.8 64.7 64.8 64.9 65.2 65.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,363 139,302 139,497 140,438 138,333 138,641 138,905 139,455 139,420

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.6 58.7 58.7 59.6 58.4 58.5 58.6 58.8 58.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,973 14,609 14,369 14,518 14,837 14,871 15,005 15,260 14,973

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1 9.5 9.3 9.4 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.9 9.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,116 83,418 83,633 80,496 83,663 83,487 83,249 82,614 83,107

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,612 5,865 6,381 5,859 5,965 6,170 6,044 5,951 5,734

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,953 114,910 115,001 113,953 114,648 114,735 114,821 114,910 115,001

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,408 82,014 82,028 82,663 81,290 81,496 81,895 82,453 82,245

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.3 71.4 71.3 72.5 70.9 71.0 71.3 71.8 71.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,009 73,315 73,776 73,974 72,516 72,813 73,092 73,548 73,639

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.9 63.8 64.2 64.9 63.3 63.5 63.7 64.0 64.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,399 8,699 8,252 8,689 8,774 8,683 8,803 8,905 8,606

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.2 10.6 10.1 10.5 10.8 10.7 10.7 10.8 10.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,545 32,897 32,973 31,290 33,358 33,239 32,926 32,457 32,756

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105,299 106,301 106,407 105,299 105,998 106,100 106,198 106,301 106,407

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79,156 79,122 79,088 79,339 78,225 78,471 78,796 79,356 79,237

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.2 74.4 74.3 75.3 73.8 74.0 74.2 74.7 74.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,645 71,226 71,655 71,552 70,390 70,623 70,913 71,358 71,477

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.0 67.0 67.3 68.0 66.4 66.6 66.8 67.1 67.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,511 7,895 7,433 7,787 7,835 7,848 7,882 7,998 7,760

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5 10.0 9.4 9.8 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.1 9.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,144 27,179 27,319 25,961 27,774 27,628 27,403 26,945 27,170

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121,499 122,419 122,499 121,499 122,185 122,263 122,339 122,419 122,499

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,929 71,898 71,838 72,293 71,880 72,015 72,015 72,262 72,148

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.2 58.7 58.6 59.5 58.8 58.9 58.9 59.0 58.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,354 65,988 65,721 66,463 65,817 65,828 65,813 65,907 65,781

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.6 53.9 53.7 54.7 53.9 53.8 53.8 53.8 53.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,574 5,910 6,117 5,829 6,064 6,187 6,203 6,355 6,367

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7 8.2 8.5 8.1 8.4 8.6 8.6 8.8 8.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,570 50,521 50,661 49,206 50,305 50,247 50,323 50,157 50,350

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,089 114,066 114,160 113,089 113,796 113,886 113,974 114,066 114,160

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,751 69,101 68,859 69,060 68,949 69,069 69,027 69,265 69,128

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.8 60.6 60.3 61.1 60.6 60.6 60.6 60.7 60.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,809 63,746 63,506 63,847 63,527 63,538 63,495 63,552 63,505

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.4 55.9 55.6 56.5 55.8 55.8 55.7 55.7 55.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,942 5,355 5,352 5,213 5,422 5,531 5,532 5,712 5,623

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 7.7 7.8 7.5 7.9 8.0 8.0 8.2 8.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,338 44,965 45,302 44,029 44,848 44,818 44,947 44,801 45,032

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,064 16,962 16,932 17,064 17,038 17,012 16,987 16,962 16,932

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,430 5,689 5,920 6,557 5,996 5,972 6,087 6,094 6,028

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.7 33.5 35.0 38.4 35.2 35.1 35.8 35.9 35.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,910 4,330 4,336 5,039 4,416 4,480 4,496 4,544 4,438

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.8 25.5 25.6 29.5 25.9 26.3 26.5 26.8 26.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,520 1,358 1,584 1,518 1,580 1,491 1,591 1,550 1,590

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.6 23.9 26.8 23.2 26.4 25.0 26.1 25.4 26.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,634 11,273 11,012 10,507 11,041 11,041 10,899 10,867 10,905

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

May

2009

Apr.

2010

May

2010

May

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010

May

2010

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190,667 191,749 191,856 190,667 191,454 191,552 191,648 191,749 191,856

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,841 125,062 125,017 126,326 124,579 124,847 125,054 125,779 125,429

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.0 65.2 65.2 66.3 65.1 65.2 65.3 65.6 65.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,444 114,302 114,438 115,451 113,797 113,865 114,108 114,484 114,359

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.5 59.6 59.6 60.6 59.4 59.4 59.5 59.7 59.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,398 10,760 10,579 10,874 10,782 10,982 10,945 11,295 11,070

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 8.6 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.8 9.0 8.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,826 66,687 66,840 64,342 66,875 66,705 66,594 65,970 66,427

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,631 65,392 65,352 65,738 64,682 64,889 64,973 65,556 65,419

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.7 74.9 74.8 75.9 74.3 74.4 74.5 75.1 74.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,932 59,460 59,848 59,799 58,813 59,021 59,208 59,504 59,639

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.2 68.1 68.5 69.0 67.5 67.7 67.9 68.2 68.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,699 5,932 5,504 5,939 5,869 5,868 5,765 6,052 5,780

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 9.1 8.4 9.0 9.1 9.0 8.9 9.2 8.8

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,875 54,971 54,786 55,145 55,017 55,061 55,104 55,184 55,062

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.3 60.1 59.8 60.6 60.2 60.2 60.3 60.3 60.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,303 51,174 50,934 51,338 51,248 51,048 51,103 51,123 50,981

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.4 55.9 55.6 56.4 56.1 55.8 55.9 55.9 55.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,573 3,797 3,852 3,807 3,769 4,014 4,000 4,061 4,081

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 6.9 7.0 6.9 6.8 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,335 4,699 4,879 5,443 4,880 4,897 4,977 5,040 4,948

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.9 36.3 37.8 41.7 37.5 37.7 38.4 38.9 38.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,209 3,668 3,656 4,315 3,736 3,797 3,797 3,857 3,739

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.2 28.3 28.3 33.1 28.7 29.2 29.3 29.8 28.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,126 1,031 1,223 1,127 1,145 1,100 1,180 1,183 1,209

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.1 21.9 25.1 20.7 23.5 22.5 23.7 23.5 24.4

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,184 28,624 28,653 28,184 28,526 28,559 28,591 28,624 28,653

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,649 17,868 17,926 17,716 17,749 17,748 17,871 17,951 17,983

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.6 62.4 62.6 62.9 62.2 62.1 62.5 62.7 62.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,047 15,020 15,188 15,066 14,820 14,936 14,920 14,985 15,189

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.4 52.5 53.0 53.5 52.0 52.3 52.2 52.4 53.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,603 2,848 2,738 2,650 2,929 2,812 2,951 2,966 2,794

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.7 15.9 15.3 15.0 16.5 15.8 16.5 16.5 15.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,534 10,756 10,727 10,467 10,777 10,811 10,720 10,673 10,670

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,939 8,081 8,137 7,979 7,970 7,985 8,134 8,130 8,184

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.0 69.8 70.2 70.3 69.2 69.2 70.4 70.2 70.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,621 6,635 6,758 6,643 6,566 6,561 6,592 6,668 6,782

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.3 57.3 58.3 58.5 57.0 56.9 57.0 57.6 58.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,319 1,446 1,380 1,336 1,405 1,424 1,542 1,462 1,402

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.6 17.9 17.0 16.7 17.6 17.8 19.0 18.0 17.1

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,987 9,151 9,097 9,001 9,034 9,074 9,021 9,146 9,106

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.5 63.7 63.2 63.6 63.1 63.3 62.8 63.6 63.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,993 7,971 8,004 7,981 7,836 7,975 7,907 7,894 7,977

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.5 55.4 55.6 56.4 54.7 55.6 55.1 54.9 55.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 995 1,181 1,093 1,021 1,198 1,099 1,115 1,252 1,128

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 12.9 12.0 11.3 13.3 12.1 12.4 13.7 12.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 723 635 692 736 745 689 716 675 694

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.9 23.8 26.0 27.4 27.7 25.7 26.7 25.3 26.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433 414 426 442 418 399 421 423 430

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.1 15.5 16.0 16.4 15.6 14.9 15.7 15.8 16.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290 221 266 294 326 290 294 252 263

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.1 34.8 38.4 39.9 43.8 42.0 41.1 37.3 38.0

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,855 11,138 11,166 – – – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

May

2009

Apr.

2010

May

2010

May

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010

May

2010

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,170 7,300 7,236 – – – – – –

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.1 65.5 64.8 – – – – – –

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,690 6,806 6,692 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.6 61.1 59.9 – – – – – –

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480 494 544 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 6.8 7.5 – – – – – –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,685 3,838 3,930 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

May

2009

Apr.

2010

May

2010

May

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010

May

2010

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population.................. 32,753 33,498 33,578 32,753 33,251 33,335 33,414 33,498 33,578

Civilian labor force................................. 22,299 22,554 22,633 22,459 22,578 22,648 22,707 22,684 22,789

Participation rate................................. 68.1 67.3 67.4 68.6 67.9 67.9 68.0 67.7 67.9

Employed......................................... 19,673 19,872 20,033 19,599 19,730 19,848 19,848 19,850 19,953

Employment-population ratio................ 60.1 59.3 59.7 59.8 59.3 59.5 59.4 59.3 59.4

Unemployed...................................... 2,626 2,682 2,600 2,860 2,848 2,800 2,859 2,834 2,836

Unemployment rate........................... 11.8 11.9 11.5 12.7 12.6 12.4 12.6 12.5 12.4

Not in labor force................................... 10,455 10,944 10,945 10,294 10,674 10,687 10,706 10,814 10,789

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 12,739 12,838 12,887 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 83.6 82.4 82.5 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 11,330 11,405 11,469 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 74.4 73.2 73.4 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 1,409 1,433 1,417 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 11.1 11.2 11.0 – – – – – –

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 8,510 8,754 8,752 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 59.1 59.6 59.5 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 7,619 7,786 7,853 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 52.9 53.0 53.4 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 891 969 898 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 10.5 11.1 10.3 – – – – – –

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................. 1,050 961 995 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 33.7 29.7 30.7 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 724 681 710 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 23.3 21.0 21.9 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 326 280 285 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 31.0 29.2 28.6 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release

of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2009

Apr.

2010

May

2010

May

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010

May

2010

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................... 12,402 12,225 12,338 12,239 11,835 11,518 11,775 12,122 12,133

Participation rate.................................... 46.6 46.8 46.6 46.0 45.4 46.2 46.1 46.4 45.8

Employed............................................ 10,667 10,447 10,655 10,350 10,033 9,722 10,067 10,335 10,319

Employment-population ratio................... 40.1 40.0 40.2 38.9 38.5 39.0 39.4 39.5 39.0

Unemployed......................................... 1,736 1,778 1,683 1,888 1,802 1,795 1,708 1,787 1,814

Unemployment rate.............................. 14.0 14.5 13.6 15.4 15.2 15.6 14.5 14.7 15.0

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................... 38,436 38,779 38,354 38,570 37,738 38,801 38,855 38,849 38,433

Participation rate.................................... 62.6 62.3 61.8 62.8 61.1 61.9 62.0 62.4 62.0

Employed............................................ 34,827 34,723 34,409 34,716 33,920 34,737 34,654 34,728 34,251

Employment-population ratio................... 56.7 55.8 55.5 56.5 54.9 55.4 55.3 55.8 55.2

Unemployed......................................... 3,609 4,056 3,945 3,855 3,818 4,064 4,201 4,120 4,182

Unemployment rate.............................. 9.4 10.5 10.3 10.0 10.1 10.5 10.8 10.6 10.9

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................... 36,621 36,547 36,707 36,857 36,761 36,575 36,582 36,552 36,832

Participation rate.................................... 71.2 70.8 70.8 71.7 71.5 70.2 70.8 70.8 71.0

Employed............................................ 33,914 33,590 33,833 33,991 33,629 33,660 33,586 33,535 33,780

Employment-population ratio................... 66.0 65.1 65.2 66.1 65.4 64.6 65.0 65.0 65.1

Unemployed......................................... 2,707 2,957 2,874 2,866 3,132 2,915 2,996 3,017 3,052

Unemployment rate.............................. 7.4 8.1 7.8 7.8 8.5 8.0 8.2 8.3 8.3

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................... 45,438 45,794 45,573 45,479 45,939 45,694 45,800 45,879 45,718

Participation rate.................................... 77.7 77.2 77.0 77.7 77.0 77.0 77.2 77.3 77.3

Employed............................................ 43,368 43,778 43,561 43,312 43,704 43,418 43,549 43,642 43,581

Employment-population ratio................... 74.1 73.8 73.6 74.0 73.3 73.1 73.4 73.5 73.6

Unemployed......................................... 2,070 2,015 2,012 2,167 2,235 2,276 2,251 2,237 2,136

Unemployment rate.............................. 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.8 4.9 5.0 4.9 4.9 4.7

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

May

2009

May

2010

May

2009

May

2010

May

2009

May

2010

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,227 22,060 20,473 20,275 1,754 1,785

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,279 11,862 11,192 10,754 1,087 1,108

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.2 53.8 54.7 53.0 62.0 62.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,235 10,938 10,239 9,914 996 1,023

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.5 49.6 50.0 48.9 56.8 57.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,045 924 953 839 91 85

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 7.8 8.5 7.8 8.4 7.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,948 10,198 9,281 9,521 667 677

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,924 2,130 1,546 1,755 379 374

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,608 1,734 1,343 1,471 264 263

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.5 81.4 86.9 83.8 69.9 70.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,425 1,550 1,188 1,327 236 223

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.0 72.8 76.9 75.6 62.4 59.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 185 155 145 28 40

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 10.6 11.5 9.8 10.7 15.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317 395 202 284 114 111

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,892 2,949 2,462 2,507 430 442

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,569 2,575 2,223 2,226 346 349

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.9 87.3 90.3 88.8 80.5 79.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,341 2,400 2,021 2,068 320 331

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.0 81.4 82.1 82.5 74.4 74.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 175 202 157 26 18

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 6.8 9.1 7.1 7.5 5.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322 374 238 281 84 93

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,459 11,058 11,077 10,684 382 374

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,503 4,013 4,371 3,905 132 108

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.3 36.3 39.5 36.5 34.6 28.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,160 3,732 4,035 3,625 125 106

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.3 33.7 36.4 33.9 32.8 28.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343 281 337 280 7 2

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 7.0 7.7 7.2 5.2 1.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,956 7,045 6,706 6,779 250 266

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,952 5,923 5,389 5,329 563 595

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,599 3,540 3,254 3,152 345 388

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.5 59.8 60.4 59.1 61.2 65.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,309 3,257 2,995 2,894 314 363

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.6 55.0 55.6 54.3 55.8 61.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290 283 259 258 30 25

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 8.0 8.0 8.2 8.8 6.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,353 2,384 2,135 2,177 219 207

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204,255 206,485 88,978 90,168 115,276 116,317

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,810 140,032 70,101 70,298 69,709 69,734

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.4 67.8 78.8 78.0 60.5 60.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127,425 127,183 62,949 63,198 64,476 63,985

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.4 61.6 70.7 70.1 55.9 55.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,385 12,849 7,152 7,100 5,233 5,749

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 9.2 10.2 10.1 7.5 8.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,445 66,453 18,877 19,870 45,568 46,583

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S.

Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August

2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time

periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and

another period are classified only in the wartime period. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

May

2009

May

2010

May

2009

May

2010

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population....................................................... 27,078 26,547 208,374 210,952

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 6,189 5,930 148,147 147,936

Participation rate...................................................................... 22.9 22.3 71.1 70.1

Employed.............................................................................. 5,340 5,060 135,023 134,437

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 19.7 19.1 64.8 63.7

Unemployed........................................................................... 849 870 13,124 13,499

Unemployment rate................................................................ 13.7 14.7 8.9 9.1

Not in labor force........................................................................ 20,888 20,617 60,227 63,016

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,834 2,729 75,966 75,601

Participation rate...................................................................... 39.4 37.5 84.0 83.1

Employed.............................................................................. 2,438 2,282 68,192 68,019

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 33.8 31.3 75.4 74.7

Unemployed........................................................................... 397 448 7,774 7,582

Unemployment rate................................................................ 14.0 16.4 10.2 10.0

Not in labor force........................................................................ 4,368 4,555 14,417 15,399

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,545 2,381 66,460 66,472

Participation rate...................................................................... 33.1 30.9 72.0 71.5

Employed.............................................................................. 2,147 2,052 61,455 60,856

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 27.9 26.6 66.6 65.5

Unemployed........................................................................... 397 330 5,006 5,616

Unemployment rate................................................................ 15.6 13.8 7.5 8.4

Not in labor force........................................................................ 5,142 5,321 25,814 26,452

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 810 820 5,720 5,862

Participation rate...................................................................... 6.6 7.1 22.2 21.7

Employed.............................................................................. 755 727 5,377 5,561

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 6.2 6.3 20.9 20.6

Unemployed........................................................................... 55 93 344 301

Unemployment rate................................................................ 6.8 11.3 6.0 5.1

Not in labor force........................................................................ 11,379 10,741 19,995 21,166

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing

even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition;

has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or

shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

May

2009

May

2010

May

2009

May

2010

May

2009

May

2010

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 34,761 35,647 17,403 17,901 17,357 17,746

Civilian labor force................................................... 23,638 24,210 14,150 14,339 9,488 9,871

Participation rate................................................... 68.0 67.9 81.3 80.1 54.7 55.6

Employed........................................................... 21,488 22,125 12,840 13,088 8,648 9,037

Employment-population ratio.................................. 61.8 62.1 73.8 73.1 49.8 50.9

Unemployed........................................................ 2,149 2,085 1,310 1,251 839 835

Unemployment rate............................................. 9.1 8.6 9.3 8.7 8.8 8.5

Not in labor force..................................................... 11,123 11,437 3,253 3,562 7,870 7,875

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 200,691 201,852 96,550 97,100 104,141 104,753

Civilian labor force................................................... 130,699 129,656 68,257 67,689 62,441 61,967

Participation rate................................................... 65.1 64.2 70.7 69.7 60.0 59.2

Employed........................................................... 118,875 117,372 61,169 60,688 57,706 56,684

Employment-population ratio.................................. 59.2 58.1 63.4 62.5 55.4 54.1

Unemployed........................................................ 11,824 12,284 7,089 7,001 4,735 5,282

Unemployment rate............................................. 9.0 9.5 10.4 10.3 7.6 8.5

Not in labor force..................................................... 69,992 72,196 28,292 29,410 41,700 42,786

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or

one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the

United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2009

Apr.

2010

May

2010

May

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010

May

2010

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................... 2,205 2,210 2,272 2,166 2,115 2,313 2,217 2,254 2,228

Wage and salary workers......................... 1,278 1,343 1,384 1,255 1,342 1,362 1,374 1,397 1,363

Self-employed workers............................ 901 837 848 877 781 908 851 823 821

Unpaid family workers............................. 26 30 39 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries............................ 138,158 137,092 137,225 138,287 136,276 136,398 136,715 137,199 137,207

Wage and salary workers......................... 128,997 128,031 128,053 129,240 127,269 127,261 127,712 128,183 128,197

Government...................................... 21,607 21,844 21,642 21,240 21,227 21,292 21,281 21,440 21,270

Private industries................................ 107,389 106,187 106,412 107,993 106,031 105,942 106,447 106,706 106,906

Private households............................ 779 711 698 – – – – – –

Other industries............................... 106,610 105,476 105,714 107,212 105,329 105,243 105,682 105,977 106,204

Self-employed workers............................ 9,099 8,948 9,087 8,985 9,007 9,029 8,949 8,910 8,952

Unpaid family workers............................. 63 114 85 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1

All industries

Part time for economic reasons2................... 8,785 8,921 8,513 9,048 8,316 8,791 9,054 9,152 8,809

Slack work or business conditions............... 6,647 6,113 5,957 6,788 5,873 6,185 6,177 6,268 6,143

Could only find part-time work.................... 1,898 2,571 2,250 1,917 2,295 2,212 2,388 2,489 2,326

Part time for noneconomic reasons3

.............. 19,111 18,853 18,088 18,848 18,563 18,360 18,379 18,140 17,929

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons2

................... 8,663 8,830 8,392 8,894 8,193 8,651 8,946 9,049 8,661

Slack work or business conditions............... 6,552 6,063 5,864 6,670 5,792 6,079 6,099 6,213 6,041

Could only find part-time work.................... 1,886 2,558 2,243 1,910 2,288 2,199 2,406 2,486 2,306

Part time for noneconomic reasons3

.............. 18,783 18,506 17,783 18,478 18,218 18,043 18,066 17,798 17,627

1 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the

entire week.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions,

inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

3 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training,

retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during

the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2009

Apr.

2010

May

2010

May

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010

May

2010

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,363 139,302 139,497 140,438 138,333 138,641 138,905 139,455 139,420

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,910 4,330 4,336 5,039 4,416 4,480 4,496 4,544 4,438

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,704 1,333 1,376 1,781 1,484 1,456 1,402 1,453 1,429

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,206 2,998 2,960 3,240 2,938 3,043 3,093 3,073 2,992

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135,453 134,972 135,161 135,399 133,916 134,161 134,409 134,911 134,982

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,678 12,434 12,704 12,822 12,435 12,539 12,601 12,509 12,818

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,775 122,539 122,458 122,533 121,404 121,471 121,731 122,352 122,203

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95,461 94,543 94,353 95,317 94,004 94,001 94,053 94,487 94,227

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,936 30,221 30,180 29,929 30,022 30,123 30,080 30,208 30,162

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,764 30,912 30,933 31,671 30,683 30,560 30,730 30,874 30,844

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,761 33,410 33,240 33,717 33,299 33,318 33,244 33,405 33,221

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,314 27,995 28,104 27,216 27,399 27,470 27,678 27,865 27,976

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,009 73,315 73,776 73,974 72,516 72,813 73,092 73,548 73,639

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,364 2,088 2,121 2,423 2,126 2,190 2,179 2,189 2,162

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 821 638 664 848 706 686 689 698 679

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,543 1,450 1,458 1,572 1,415 1,496 1,492 1,500 1,479

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,645 71,226 71,655 71,552 70,390 70,623 70,913 71,358 71,477

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,531 6,319 6,555 6,563 6,211 6,282 6,410 6,357 6,565

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,113 64,907 65,100 64,939 64,091 64,267 64,503 64,945 64,922

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,743 50,285 50,431 50,630 49,807 49,868 50,003 50,363 50,317

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,090 16,299 16,270 16,078 16,148 16,281 16,261 16,370 16,272

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,034 16,650 16,727 16,993 16,479 16,404 16,593 16,661 16,686

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,618 17,336 17,434 17,559 17,180 17,183 17,149 17,332 17,359

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,371 14,623 14,668 14,309 14,284 14,399 14,500 14,582 14,605

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,354 65,988 65,721 66,463 65,817 65,828 65,813 65,907 65,781

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,546 2,242 2,214 2,617 2,290 2,290 2,317 2,355 2,275

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 883 694 712 933 777 770 713 755 750

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,663 1,548 1,502 1,668 1,523 1,546 1,601 1,573 1,513

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,809 63,746 63,506 63,847 63,527 63,538 63,495 63,552 63,505

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,146 6,115 6,148 6,258 6,224 6,258 6,191 6,152 6,253

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,662 57,631 57,358 57,594 57,313 57,204 57,229 57,407 57,282

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,719 44,259 43,922 44,686 44,197 44,134 44,050 44,124 43,910

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,846 13,922 13,909 13,851 13,874 13,843 13,819 13,837 13,890

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,730 14,263 14,206 14,678 14,203 14,156 14,137 14,213 14,158

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,143 16,074 15,807 16,158 16,119 16,135 16,094 16,073 15,862

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,943 13,373 13,436 12,907 13,116 13,071 13,179 13,283 13,371

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,337 43,256 43,454 44,214 43,126 43,168 43,083 43,205 43,322

Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,589 34,812 34,409 35,347 35,073 35,248 34,887 34,643 34,238

Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,928 8,907 9,030 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,083 111,391 112,809 113,229 110,497 110,840 111,256 112,091 112,716

Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,280 27,912 26,688 27,138 27,718 27,596 27,549 27,167 26,750

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,265 7,105 7,261 7,301 6,961 7,060 6,959 7,029 7,239

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.0 5.1 5.0 5.0 5.2

1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

May

2009

Apr.

2010

May

2010

May

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010

May

2010

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over............................. 14,518 15,260 14,973 9.4 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.9 9.7

16 to 19 years...................................... 1,518 1,550 1,590 23.2 26.4 25.0 26.1 25.4 26.4

16 to 17 years.................................... 558 599 608 23.8 27.9 28.2 29.6 29.2 29.8

18 to 19 years.................................... 978 975 977 23.2 25.4 23.7 24.4 24.1 24.6

20 years and over.................................. 13,000 13,710 13,383 8.8 9.0 9.1 9.1 9.2 9.0

20 to 24 years.................................... 2,276 2,605 2,214 15.1 15.8 16.0 15.8 17.2 14.7

25 years and over............................... 10,770 11,048 11,177 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.4

25 to 54 years................................. 8,821 8,950 9,019 8.5 8.6 8.6 8.8 8.7 8.7

25 to 34 years.............................. 3,510 3,436 3,550 10.5 9.9 9.8 10.0 10.2 10.5

35 to 44 years.............................. 2,798 2,730 2,706 8.1 8.5 8.8 8.6 8.1 8.1

45 to 54 years.............................. 2,512 2,784 2,763 6.9 7.6 7.4 7.8 7.7 7.7

55 years and over............................. 1,960 2,091 2,143 6.7 6.8 7.1 6.9 7.0 7.1

Men, 16 years and over.............................. 8,689 8,905 8,606 10.5 10.8 10.7 10.7 10.8 10.5

16 to 19 years...................................... 902 908 846 27.1 30.6 27.6 29.7 29.3 28.1

16 to 17 years.................................... 306 332 325 26.5 30.8 30.4 30.9 32.2 32.4

18 to 19 years.................................... 613 578 529 28.0 30.3 27.3 29.1 27.8 26.3

20 years and over.................................. 7,787 7,998 7,760 9.8 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.1 9.8

20 to 24 years.................................... 1,382 1,580 1,263 17.4 19.2 18.7 18.4 19.9 16.1

25 years and over............................... 6,426 6,343 6,469 9.0 9.0 9.1 9.0 8.9 9.1

25 to 54 years................................. 5,345 5,162 5,263 9.5 9.4 9.5 9.5 9.3 9.5

25 to 34 years.............................. 2,152 2,007 2,099 11.8 10.8 10.8 11.2 10.9 11.4

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,697 1,554 1,567 9.1 9.0 9.4 8.8 8.5 8.6

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,496 1,601 1,598 7.8 8.5 8.2 8.6 8.5 8.4

55 years and over............................. 1,082 1,182 1,206 7.0 7.5 7.8 7.4 7.5 7.6

Women, 16 years and over.......................... 5,829 6,355 6,367 8.1 8.4 8.6 8.6 8.8 8.8

16 to 19 years...................................... 616 642 744 19.1 21.9 22.3 22.4 21.4 24.6

16 to 17 years.................................... 251 268 283 21.2 25.0 26.2 28.3 26.2 27.4

18 to 19 years.................................... 366 398 448 18.0 20.1 19.9 19.5 20.2 22.9

20 years and over.................................. 5,213 5,712 5,623 7.5 7.9 8.0 8.0 8.2 8.1

20 to 24 years.................................... 893 1,025 951 12.5 12.2 13.1 13.0 14.3 13.2

25 years and over............................... 4,344 4,705 4,708 7.0 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.6

25 to 54 years................................. 3,476 3,788 3,756 7.2 7.7 7.7 7.9 7.9 7.9

25 to 34 years.............................. 1,358 1,429 1,451 8.9 8.8 8.6 8.6 9.4 9.5

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,101 1,176 1,139 7.0 7.9 8.0 8.4 7.6 7.4

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,017 1,183 1,166 5.9 6.7 6.5 6.9 6.9 6.8

55 years and over1

........................... 791 815 850 5.8 6.1 6.5 6.0 5.7 5.9

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present....................... 3,193 3,060 3,086 6.7 6.6 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.7

Married women, spouse present.................... 2,117 2,322 2,312 5.6 5.8 6.1 6.0 6.3 6.3

Women who maintain families1

.................... 1,102 1,105 1,181 11.0 12.3 11.6 11.3 11.0 11.6

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2.................................... 12,844 13,354 13,138 10.2 10.4 10.5 10.5 10.6 10.4

Part-time workers3................................... 1,750 1,894 1,915 6.1 6.4 6.2 6.7 6.5 6.7

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.

3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time

jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2009

Apr.

2010

May

2010

May

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010

May

2010

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 8,930 9,110 8,812 9,428 9,323 9,550 9,354 9,246 9,223

On temporary layoff................................ 1,459 1,296 1,192 1,842 1,454 1,558 1,595 1,359 1,478

Not on temporary layoff............................ 7,471 7,814 7,620 7,586 7,869 7,992 7,758 7,887 7,746

Permanent job losers............................ 6,140 6,521 6,360 6,136 6,424 6,666 6,393 6,494 6,410

Persons who completed temporary jobs...... 1,331 1,293 1,261 1,403 1,445 1,326 1,366 1,393 1,336

Job leavers............................................. 851 895 922 909 914 866 894 938 969

Reentrants............................................. 3,236 3,558 3,455 3,200 3,585 3,451 3,544 3,739 3,453

New entrants.......................................... 956 1,047 1,180 977 1,235 1,238 1,197 1,231 1,206

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 63.9 62.4 61.3 65.0 61.9 63.2 62.4 61.0 62.1

On temporary layoff................................ 10.4 8.9 8.3 12.7 9.7 10.3 10.6 9.0 9.9

Not on temporary layoff............................ 53.5 53.5 53.0 52.3 52.3 52.9 51.8 52.0 52.2

Job leavers............................................. 6.1 6.1 6.4 6.3 6.1 5.7 6.0 6.2 6.5

Reentrants............................................. 23.2 24.4 24.0 22.0 23.8 22.8 23.6 24.7 23.3

New entrants.......................................... 6.8 7.2 8.2 6.7 8.2 8.2 8.0 8.1 8.1

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 5.8 5.9 5.7 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.1 6.0 6.0

Job leavers............................................. 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Reentrants............................................. 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.2

New entrants.......................................... 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2009

Apr.

2010

May

2010

May

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010

May

2010

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 3,192 2,304 2,743 3,219 3,008 2,748 2,646 2,682 2,752

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 3,633 2,594 2,526 4,300 3,362 3,412 3,228 2,991 3,019

15 weeks and over.................................... 7,148 9,710 9,100 7,013 8,945 8,829 8,983 8,969 8,924

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 3,179 2,691 2,459 2,983 2,632 2,696 2,436 2,253 2,161

27 weeks and over................................. 3,969 7,020 6,641 4,030 6,313 6,133 6,547 6,716 6,763

Average (mean) duration, in weeks................ 23.1 35.8 35.1 22.9 30.2 29.7 31.2 33.0 34.4

Median duration, in weeks........................... 15.1 25.8 24.2 14.9 19.9 19.4 20.0 21.6 23.2

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 22.8 15.8 19.1 22.2 19.6 18.3 17.8 18.3 18.7

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 26.0 17.8 17.6 29.6 22.0 22.8 21.7 20.4 20.5

15 weeks and over.................................... 51.2 66.5 63.3 48.3 58.4 58.9 60.5 61.3 60.7

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 22.8 18.4 17.1 20.5 17.2 18.0 16.4 15.4 14.7

27 weeks and over................................. 28.4 48.1 46.2 27.7 41.2 40.9 44.1 45.9 46.0

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

May

2009

May

2010

May

2009

May

2010

May

2009

May

2010

Total, 16 years and over1

............................................. 140,363 139,497 13,973 14,369 9.1 9.3

Management, professional, and related occupations............ 52,256 51,839 2,373 2,450 4.3 4.5

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations...................................................... 21,368 20,856 1,032 1,074 4.6 4.9

Professional and related occupations........................... 30,888 30,982 1,341 1,376 4.2 4.3

Service occupations.................................................. 24,884 24,883 2,578 2,719 9.4 9.9

Sales and office occupations....................................... 33,854 33,433 3,115 3,209 8.4 8.8

Sales and related occupations................................... 15,627 15,219 1,528 1,614 8.9 9.6

Office and administrative support occupations................. 18,227 18,214 1,587 1,595 8.0 8.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations......................................................... 13,445 13,362 2,398 2,429 15.1 15.4

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations..................... 1,004 1,029 111 157 10.0 13.3

Construction and extraction occupations....................... 7,339 7,305 1,796 1,729 19.7 19.1

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............. 5,103 5,028 491 543 8.8 9.7

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations......................................................... 15,923 15,980 2,517 2,359 13.7 12.9

Production occupations........................................... 7,557 7,938 1,396 1,193 15.6 13.1

Transportation and material moving occupations.............. 8,366 8,043 1,122 1,165 11.8 12.7

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

May

2009

May

2010

May

2009

May

2010

Total, 16 years and over1................................................................ 13,973 14,369 9.1 9.3

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers................................... 11,649 11,655 9.8 9.9

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction..................................... 98 46 13.3 6.2

Construction........................................................................... 1,768 1,755 19.2 20.1

Manufacturing......................................................................... 2,010 1,584 12.6 10.3

Durable goods...................................................................... 1,320 1,028 13.2 10.7

Nondurable goods................................................................. 690 556 11.5 9.7

Wholesale and retail trade.......................................................... 1,835 1,998 9.0 9.8

Transportation and utilities.......................................................... 506 461 8.5 7.8

Information............................................................................ 303 319 9.5 9.8

Financial activities.................................................................... 536 618 5.7 6.8

Professional and business services................................................ 1,514 1,624 10.9 11.5

Education and health services...................................................... 1,005 1,150 4.9 5.4

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 1,599 1,601 11.9 12.4

Other services........................................................................ 476 498 7.5 8.1

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers.......................... 136 163 10.0 10.8

Government workers.................................................................... 702 771 3.1 3.4

Self-employed and unpaid family workers........................................... 530 600 5.0 5.6

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2009

Apr.

2010

May

2010

May

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010

May

2010

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as

a percent of the civilian labor force.............. 4.6 6.3 5.9 4.5 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force........................................... 5.8 5.9 5.7 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.1 6.0 6.0

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate).................................................. 9.1 9.5 9.3 9.4 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.9 9.7

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

discouraged workers............................... 9.5 10.2 10.0 9.8 10.3 10.4 10.3 10.6 10.3

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers,

plus all other persons marginally attached to

the labor force, as a percent of the civilian

labor force plus all persons marginally attached

to the labor force................................... 10.3 10.9 10.6 10.6 11.2 11.1 11.1 11.3 11.0

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic reasons,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all

persons marginally attached to the labor

force.................................................. 15.9 16.6 16.1 16.4 16.5 16.8 16.9 17.1 16.6

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are

available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a

job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for

full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

May

2009

May

2010

May

2009

May

2010

May

2009

May

2010

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force............................................. 81,116 83,633 31,545 32,973 49,570 50,661

Persons who currently want a job.................................. 6,612 6,381 3,110 3,078 3,501 3,303

Marginally attached to the labor force1........................ 2,210 2,223 1,165 1,177 1,046 1,046

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 792 1,083 499 644 294 438

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . .. 1,418 1,140 666 533 752 608

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4............................................. 7,265 7,261 3,540 3,559 3,725 3,702

Percent of total employed........................................... 5.2 5.2 4.8 4.8 5.6 5.6

Primary job full time, secondary job part time.................... 3,908 3,826 2,034 2,134 1,873 1,692

Primary and secondary jobs both part time....................... 1,832 1,903 634 591 1,199 1,312

Primary and secondary jobs both full time........................ 231 309 155 216 76 94

Hours vary on primary or secondary job.......................... 1,254 1,177 691 592 563 584

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week,

but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling

or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation

problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

Change

from:

Apr.2010 -

May2010p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131,689 128,958 130,108 131,198 131,155 129,849 130,139 130,570 431

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108,659 106,062 107,117 107,828 108,527 107,343 107,561 107,602 41

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,692 17,454 17,734 17,973 18,731 17,905 17,967 17,971 4

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695 688 699 718 700 702 710 720 10

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.3 45.6 45.3 47.9 49.5 48.3 49.4 49.5 0.1

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 647.6 642.0 653.6 670.1 650.7 653.4 660.6 670.4 9.8

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161.1 161.4 162.0 165.2 162.0 163.0 164.2 165.7 1.5

Mining, except oil and gas1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214.4 204.5 210.4 215.9 212.2 212.8 212.7 213.0 0.3

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.5 81.4 81.2 81.8 83.0 81.3 81.5 82.1 0.6

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272.1 276.1 281.2 289.0 276.5 277.6 283.7 291.7 8.0

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,150 5,280 5,492 5,643 6,120 5,612 5,626 5,591 -35

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,377.8 1,213.7 1,241.0 1,264.6 1,386.9 1,268.5 1,272.6 1,265.1 -7.5

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 642.1 557.6 564.6 579.7 647.2 587.9 584.1 580.8 -3.3

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 735.7 656.1 676.4 684.9 739.7 680.6 688.5 684.3 -4.2

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . . 878.8 721.3 791.0 829.2 856.8 800.8 811.0 803.6 -7.4

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,893.3 3,345.4 3,460.2 3,549.0 3,876.5 3,542.5 3,542.0 3,522.7 -19.3

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . 1,652.8 1,447.9 1,503.7 1,551.3 1,641.6 1,545.3 1,542.3 1,539.5 -2.8

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . . 2,240.5 1,897.5 1,956.5 1,997.7 2,234.9 1,997.2 1,999.7 1,983.2 -16.5

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,847 11,486 11,543 11,612 11,911 11,591 11,631 11,660 29

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,290 7,042 7,086 7,135 7,326 7,095 7,126 7,160 34

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360.4 339.2 348.0 352.3 361.9 350.2 352.9 353.9 1.0

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400.8 369.1 381.9 388.0 399.7 382.5 383.5 385.8 2.3

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359.6 362.0 364.1 366.9 363.4 362.8 366.6 369.4 2.8

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,312.2 1,272.8 1,279.0 1,291.1 1,323.2 1,282.7 1,291.8 1,302.2 10.4

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,026.7 980.3 983.7 987.8 1,038.7 984.9 991.0 996.7 5.7

Computer and electronic products1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,140.4 1,091.2 1,089.8 1,094.3 1,144.0 1,093.2 1,093.4 1,096.2 2.8

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . . 164.6 157.8 157.5 159.1 164.9 158.0 158.3 159.0 0.7

Communication equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121.4 119.2 119.4 121.2 121.7 119.7 119.8 121.3 1.5

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378.7 361.9 362.6 363.6 381.0 362.3 363.8 365.0 1.2

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424.9 405.2 403.9 404.4 425.0 405.9 404.7 404.4 -0.3

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . . 374.0 363.5 366.1 368.3 376.0 365.9 368.4 369.7 1.3

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,337.2 1,335.6 1,339.5 1,353.3 1,338.9 1,337.2 1,343.0 1,352.0 9.0

Motor vehicles and parts2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 647.8 673.4 676.2 689.4 647.9 673.2 677.4 686.7 9.3

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390.0 356.2 359.1 360.4 389.1 359.9 359.9 359.2 -0.7

Miscellaneous manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 588.5 572.3 574.8 572.9 591.3 575.3 575.3 574.4 -0.9

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,557 4,444 4,457 4,477 4,585 4,496 4,505 4,500 -5

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,437.3 1,426.7 1,426.7 1,436.1 1,459.5 1,456.0 1,459.5 1,457.4 -2.1

Beverages and tobacco products. . . . . . . . . . . . 187.2 179.3 179.7 181.8 188.2 184.9 184.0 182.8 -1.2

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126.4 122.7 123.7 124.3 126.3 123.1 123.9 123.4 -0.5

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125.1 120.9 121.3 122.1 126.0 121.8 122.1 122.4 0.3

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171.3 165.3 164.8 163.6 171.6 165.9 165.0 163.5 -1.5

Leather and allied products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.0 28.6 27.7 28.4 29.8 28.5 27.6 28.1 0.5

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405.9 393.9 396.6 398.4 407.5 397.2 399.1 399.3 0.2

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . . 527.7 493.7 493.9 495.8 529.9 496.0 497.7 496.8 -0.9

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.1 109.8 114.0 114.9 116.1 113.4 114.8 113.7 -1.1

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 804.5 780.7 778.3 778.5 805.3 782.5 780.7 779.6 -1.1

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 624.6 621.9 630.2 633.3 625.2 626.5 630.3 632.9 2.6

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89,967 88,608 89,383 89,855 89,796 89,438 89,594 89,631 37

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,923 24,421 24,501 24,682 24,997 24,714 24,721 24,727 6

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,628.7 5,534.9 5,556.4 5,584.9 5,625.9 5,570.8 5,576.7 5,578.7 2.0

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,826.9 2,749.5 2,756.4 2,772.5 2,831.8 2,765.4 2,769.9 2,774.8 4.9

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,987.2 1,962.3 1,972.4 1,978.8 1,979.5 1,978.2 1,977.3 1,970.8 -6.5

Electronic markets and agents and brokers.. . 814.6 823.1 827.6 833.6 814.6 827.2 829.5 833.1 3.6

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,492.6 14,222.0 14,286.2 14,398.3 14,570.2 14,438.9 14,457.4 14,450.8 -6.6

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,643.9 1,607.7 1,629.4 1,642.1 1,637.6 1,626.4 1,632.7 1,634.3 1.6

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,020.1 1,008.5 1,014.6 1,015.6 1,019.4 1,015.3 1,017.0 1,014.4 -2.6

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . . 441.0 435.0 433.5 433.1 449.0 442.9 441.0 440.4 -0.6

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

Change

from:

Apr.2010 -

May2010p

Retail trade - Continued

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 477.6 478.9 474.0 472.2 486.8 482.0 480.1 480.6 0.5

Building material and garden supply stores.. . 1,220.9 1,154.1 1,201.4 1,226.7 1,168.3 1,173.8 1,174.3 1,170.3 -4.0

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,834.3 2,775.5 2,780.3 2,808.1 2,838.4 2,804.2 2,810.0 2,809.7 -0.3

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 984.0 968.2 968.9 976.5 986.3 974.5 975.6 978.3 2.7

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 827.0 809.0 816.7 822.3 826.1 819.7 822.0 820.9 -1.1

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . . 1,327.9 1,334.4 1,348.2 1,355.5 1,374.0 1,383.4 1,393.9 1,392.9 -1.0

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 602.0 592.6 591.5 592.5 621.0 610.8 611.9 609.8 -2.1

General merchandise stores1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,934.1 2,902.6 2,871.9 2,887.6 2,970.9 2,929.4 2,923.9 2,923.0 -0.9

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,436.2 1,447.7 1,436.1 1,440.0 1,475.5 1,477.3 1,477.9 1,476.5 -1.4

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 789.7 753.8 760.5 772.7 788.8 772.6 771.8 770.2 -1.6

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410.2 410.2 409.9 409.0 423.0 419.2 420.2 420.4 0.2

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,241.1 4,108.1 4,102.1 4,141.7 4,239.9 4,146.2 4,128.7 4,139.8 11.1

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460.5 451.8 452.8 456.3 459.9 454.0 453.5 456.3 2.8

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219.1 214.7 215.9 216.8 219.2 215.3 215.3 216.3 1.0

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.5 61.2 62.2 64.5 63.6 63.6 63.4 64.4 1.0

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,261.3 1,200.6 1,210.1 1,225.2 1,267.9 1,227.2 1,229.1 1,231.1 2.0

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441.3 429.2 431.0 439.0 420.9 415.7 415.2 418.0 2.8

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.5 39.4 39.5 38.5 41.6 39.7 39.5 38.9 -0.6

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . . 30.0 21.5 25.7 30.1 28.3 27.8 28.3 28.2 -0.1

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . . 548.8 533.9 537.0 540.5 552.1 538.7 540.6 543.4 2.8

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539.4 516.5 490.4 491.0 542.8 520.8 500.1 497.4 -2.7

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635.7 639.3 637.5 639.8 643.6 643.4 643.7 645.8 2.1

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560.6 556.4 555.8 557.0 560.9 557.8 558.1 557.4 -0.7

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,814 2,726 2,725 2,731 2,812 2,728 2,728 2,728 0

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . 797.6 761.5 760.4 759.6 801.6 763.0 763.0 763.3 0.3

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352.8 342.4 352.6 363.0 347.3 343.8 349.0 354.6 5.6

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301.2 295.1 294.7 295.2 302.7 295.9 296.5 296.5 0.0

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 976.9 942.4 929.4 927.7 977.3 941.1 934.1 929.5 -4.6

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251.5 248.6 250.4 247.9 249.3 248.0 247.6 246.3 -1.3

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133.6 135.9 137.0 137.8 133.4 136.5 137.3 137.9 0.6

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,757 7,572 7,580 7,586 7,773 7,609 7,611 7,599 -12

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,766.7 5,656.4 5,647.0 5,643.0 5,776.3 5,659.3 5,655.4 5,651.0 -4.4

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . . 21.0 21.2 21.2 21.2 21.0 21.2 21.2 21.2 0.0

Credit intermediation and related

activities1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,596.4 2,566.6 2,561.8 2,560.3 2,600.8 2,566.9 2,564.1 2,562.9 -1.2

Depository credit intermediation1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,756.7 1,747.9 1,750.7 1,750.6 1,760.2 1,751.6 1,753.1 1,753.5 0.4

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,316.8 1,309.7 1,312.2 1,310.5 1,319.8 1,311.9 1,313.4 1,312.9 -0.5

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 807.9 790.5 792.8 792.6 811.3 790.5 795.6 796.1 0.5

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . . 2,253.9 2,193.5 2,186.5 2,184.0 2,255.1 2,196.0 2,189.5 2,185.5 -4.0

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles. . . 87.5 84.6 84.7 84.9 88.1 84.7 85.0 85.3 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,989.9 1,915.3 1,932.6 1,942.8 1,996.5 1,950.1 1,955.2 1,947.9 -7.3

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,408.4 1,368.0 1,380.1 1,381.6 1,414.0 1,388.9 1,393.9 1,387.3 -6.6

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 554.8 522.7 528.2 537.0 555.7 536.4 536.8 536.1 -0.7

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . . 26.7 24.6 24.3 24.2 26.8 24.8 24.5 24.5 0.0

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,531 16,346 16,617 16,609 16,585 16,568 16,641 16,663 22

Professional and technical services1

. . . . . . . . . . . 7,442.8 7,468.5 7,494.3 7,323.1 7,526.0 7,404.0 7,419.9 7,408.8 -11.1

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,123.8 1,101.3 1,100.5 1,102.5 1,127.7 1,105.9 1,105.2 1,105.5 0.3

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . . 865.3 1,025.2 1,013.9 835.8 924.8 909.3 910.0 899.8 -10.2

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . 1,326.1 1,260.8 1,270.2 1,276.1 1,332.1 1,279.7 1,280.6 1,279.8 -0.8

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,414.4 1,428.6 1,441.1 1,437.1 1,419.7 1,436.1 1,443.3 1,443.0 -0.3

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 987.5 974.1 976.4 977.6 991.6 983.6 984.0 983.3 -0.7

Management of companies and enterprises. . . . 1,856.7 1,815.0 1,817.8 1,824.6 1,864.3 1,822.9 1,826.6 1,829.8 3.2

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,231.9 7,062.2 7,304.5 7,461.3 7,194.2 7,340.8 7,394.2 7,424.5 30.3

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

Change

from:

Apr.2010 -

May2010p

Administrative and waste services - Continued

Administrative and support services1

. . . . . . . . 6,882.5 6,722.1 6,959.5 7,109.3 6,844.4 6,992.5 7,045.3 7,072.8 27.5

Employment services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,436.9 2,571.0 2,657.5 2,743.4 2,460.8 2,701.9 2,730.2 2,764.6 34.4

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,773.5 1,922.2 1,992.3 2,069.3 1,792.4 2,028.4 2,055.0 2,086.0 31.0

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 811.1 799.1 792.1 787.9 815.6 794.1 794.1 794.0 -0.1

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . . 1,833.6 1,575.9 1,725.0 1,785.9 1,766.8 1,706.6 1,725.6 1,721.5 -4.1

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349.4 340.1 345.0 352.0 349.8 348.3 348.9 351.7 2.8

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,204 19,592 19,641 19,559 19,137 19,449 19,477 19,494 17

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,124.9 3,283.4 3,294.5 3,185.0 3,081.5 3,130.5 3,135.0 3,139.5 4.5

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,079.0 16,308.8 16,346.4 16,373.7 16,055.5 16,318.4 16,341.5 16,354.6 13.1

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,487.1 13,671.5 13,694.3 13,708.6 13,499.9 13,699.4 13,717.6 13,725.6 8.0

Ambulatory health care services1. . . . . . . . . 5,756.6 5,873.0 5,888.6 5,899.5 5,757.1 5,885.3 5,893.5 5,902.2 8.7

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,264.2 2,308.1 2,307.2 2,310.5 2,268.7 2,312.9 2,313.5 2,316.0 2.5

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 540.7 548.1 549.8 549.0 541.2 548.6 550.1 549.8 -0.3

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,024.1 1,055.5 1,065.7 1,067.9 1,020.1 1,058.2 1,064.0 1,065.6 1.6

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,659.6 4,697.0 4,698.6 4,696.3 4,670.5 4,705.6 4,711.2 4,707.9 -3.3

Nursing and residential care facilities1

. . . . 3,070.9 3,101.5 3,107.1 3,112.8 3,072.3 3,108.5 3,112.9 3,115.5 2.6

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,641.9 1,646.2 1,649.4 1,653.2 1,642.6 1,650.8 1,652.9 1,653.9 1.0

Social assistance1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,591.9 2,637.3 2,652.1 2,665.1 2,555.6 2,619.0 2,623.9 2,629.0 5.1

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 887.3 881.8 887.4 888.7 860.6 862.8 863.9 861.8 -2.1

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,350 12,658 12,989 13,327 13,126 13,049 13,084 13,086 2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,992.5 1,737.3 1,858.5 1,971.5 1,910.9 1,888.2 1,898.3 1,888.3 -10.0

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . . 418.3 371.3 410.2 437.4 397.7 396.8 407.4 413.3 5.9

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks. . . 136.5 120.7 128.3 135.6 130.1 129.8 129.9 129.4 -0.5

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . . 1,437.7 1,245.3 1,320.0 1,398.5 1,383.1 1,361.6 1,361.0 1,345.6 -15.4

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,357.1 10,920.2 11,130.5 11,355.2 11,215.0 11,160.8 11,185.5 11,197.6 12.1

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,757.6 1,668.1 1,694.3 1,743.1 1,764.3 1,733.4 1,739.1 1,745.7 6.6

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . . 9,599.5 9,252.1 9,436.2 9,612.1 9,450.7 9,427.4 9,446.4 9,451.9 5.5

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,388 5,293 5,330 5,361 5,366 5,321 5,332 5,334 2

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,160.7 1,138.5 1,151.6 1,157.9 1,153.0 1,142.3 1,146.4 1,148.3 1.9

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,291.3 1,264.6 1,275.7 1,287.7 1,277.9 1,273.0 1,272.9 1,273.8 0.9

Membership associations and organizations. . . . 2,936.2 2,890.2 2,903.1 2,915.0 2,935.3 2,905.7 2,913.1 2,911.9 -1.2

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,030 22,896 22,991 23,370 22,628 22,506 22,578 22,968 390

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,863.0 2,891.0 2,981.0 3,392.0 2,865.0 2,910.0 2,983.0 3,395.0 412.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,157.8 2,230.4 2,318.1 2,737.7 2,156.0 2,246.3 2,321.9 2,737.0 415.1

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 705.0 660.5 663.1 654.6 708.8 663.9 660.6 657.7 -2.9

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,234.0 5,315.0 5,322.0 5,200.0 5,189.0 5,174.0 5,172.0 5,157.0 -15.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,412.1 2,539.5 2,543.8 2,429.7 2,372.8 2,391.9 2,393.1 2,390.6 -2.5

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 2,821.6 2,775.0 2,777.8 2,770.5 2,816.6 2,782.0 2,779.0 2,766.5 -12.5

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,933.0 14,690.0 14,688.0 14,778.0 14,574.0 14,422.0 14,423.0 14,416.0 -7.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,455.0 8,378.5 8,356.6 8,386.4 8,086.9 8,007.4 8,008.8 8,010.1 1.3

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 6,477.5 6,311.8 6,331.8 6,391.5 6,486.9 6,414.5 6,414.4 6,405.6 -8.8

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 33.9 34.0 34.1 34.2

Goods-producing..................................................................... 38.4 39.2 39.5 39.6

Mining and logging................................................................ 41.8 43.0 43.0 43.8

Construction........................................................................ 37.4 37.1 37.6 37.3

Manufacturing...................................................................... 38.7 40.0 40.2 40.5

Durable goods................................................................... 38.8 40.3 40.5 40.8

Nondurable goods............................................................... 38.6 39.6 39.7 40.0

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.9 33.0 33.1 33.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 34.2 34.0 34.1 34.2

Wholesale trade................................................................. 37.9 37.9 38.0 38.0

Retail trade....................................................................... 31.3 31.1 31.2 31.2

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 38.3 38.1 38.2 38.5

Utilities............................................................................ 40.8 40.7 40.9 41.2

Information.......................................................................... 36.5 36.7 36.7 36.8

Financial activities................................................................. 36.5 36.9 36.9 36.9

Professional and business services............................................. 35.0 35.2 35.3 35.3

Education and health services................................................... 33.0 32.8 32.9 32.9

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 25.6 25.8 25.9 25.9

Other services...................................................................... 31.6 31.7 31.9 31.9

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 2.2 2.9 3.0 3.0

Durable goods........................................................................ 2.0 2.8 2.9 3.0

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 2.6 3.1 3.1 3.1

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

Total private................................................. $22.14 $22.48 $22.50 $22.57 $ 750.55 $ 764.32 $ 767.25 $ 771.89

Goods-producing........................................ 23.76 23.92 23.92 24.05 912.38 937.66 944.84 952.38

Mining and logging................................... 27.70 27.13 27.20 27.64 1,157.86 1,166.59 1,169.60 1,210.63

Construction........................................... 24.76 25.22 25.15 25.20 926.02 935.66 945.64 939.96

Manufacturing......................................... 23.02 23.13 23.15 23.30 890.87 925.20 930.63 943.65

Durable goods...................................... 24.49 24.61 24.60 24.74 950.21 991.78 996.30 1,009.39

Nondurable goods................................. 20.65 20.76 20.81 20.95 797.09 822.10 826.16 838.00

Private service-providing............................... 21.75 22.13 22.16 22.22 715.58 730.29 733.50 735.48

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 19.28 19.69 19.75 19.80 659.38 669.46 673.48 677.16

Wholesale trade.................................... 25.24 26.18 26.28 26.33 956.60 992.22 998.64 1,000.54

Retail trade.......................................... 15.38 15.56 15.62 15.66 481.39 483.92 487.34 488.59

Transportation and warehousing................. 20.46 20.88 20.90 20.89 783.62 795.53 798.38 804.27

Utilities............................................... 33.00 32.66 32.68 33.29 1,346.40 1,329.26 1,336.61 1,371.55

Information............................................. 29.19 30.37 30.40 30.74 1,065.44 1,114.58 1,115.68 1,131.23

Financial activities.................................... 26.40 27.04 27.14 27.23 963.60 997.78 1,001.47 1,004.79

Professional and business services................ 26.97 27.15 27.10 27.16 943.95 955.68 956.63 958.75

Education and health services...................... 22.35 22.68 22.76 22.82 737.55 743.90 748.80 750.78

Leisure and hospitality............................... 12.86 13.08 13.06 13.09 329.22 337.46 338.25 339.03

Other services......................................... 19.42 19.92 19.80 19.78 613.67 631.46 631.62 630.98

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

Percent

change

from:

Apr.

2010 -

May

2010p

May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

Percent

change

from:

Apr.

2010 -

May

2010p

Total private....................................... 92.2 91.5 91.9 92.2 0.3 97.3 98.0 98.6 99.3 0.7

Goods-producing............................... 81.9 80.0 80.9 81.1 0.2 88.0 86.4 87.4 88.1 0.8

Mining and logging.......................... 91.9 94.9 95.9 99.1 3.3 102.2 103.3 104.8 110.0 5.0

Construction.................................. 78.9 71.8 72.9 71.9 -1.4 84.9 78.6 79.7 78.7 -1.3

Manufacturing................................ 82.9 83.4 84.1 85.0 1.1 88.8 89.7 90.6 92.1 1.7

Durable goods............................ 80.0 80.5 81.3 82.2 1.1 87.0 88.0 88.8 90.4 1.8

Nondurable goods........................ 88.3 88.9 89.3 89.8 0.6 92.6 93.6 94.3 95.5 1.3

Private service-providing...................... 94.9 94.8 95.2 95.3 0.1 100.0 101.6 102.3 102.6 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 92.9 91.3 91.6 91.9 0.3 96.4 96.8 97.4 97.9 0.5

Wholesale trade........................... 93.0 92.1 92.5 92.5 0.0 98.0 100.6 101.4 101.6 0.2

Retail trade................................ 92.6 91.2 91.6 91.6 0.0 94.2 93.8 94.6 94.8 0.2

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 92.9 90.4 90.3 91.2 1.0 96.5 95.8 95.7 96.7 1.0

Utilities..................................... 99.0 98.2 98.7 99.3 0.6 107.9 106.0 106.6 109.3 2.5

Information................................... 93.7 91.4 91.4 91.7 0.3 97.4 98.9 99.0 100.3 1.3

Financial activities........................... 93.5 92.5 92.5 92.4 -0.1 96.3 97.7 98.0 98.2 0.2

Professional and business services....... 91.3 91.7 92.4 92.5 0.1 99.8 100.9 101.4 101.8 0.4

Education and health services............. 102.8 103.8 104.3 104.4 0.1 107.6 110.3 111.2 111.6 0.4

Leisure and hospitality...................... 95.9 96.1 96.7 96.7 0.0 99.5 101.4 101.9 102.1 0.2

Other services............................... 93.9 93.5 94.2 94.3 0.1 103.5 105.7 105.9 105.8 -0.1

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

Total nonfarm............................................... 65,375 64,735 64,812 65,026 49.8 49.9 49.8 49.8

Total private.............................................. 52,437 51,911 51,959 51,958 48.3 48.4 48.3 48.3

Goods-producing...................................... 4,331 4,147 4,152 4,155 23.1 23.2 23.1 23.1

Mining and logging................................. 99 99 101 100 14.1 14.1 14.2 13.9

Construction........................................ 816 743 742 737 13.3 13.2 13.2 13.2

Manufacturing....................................... 3,416 3,305 3,309 3,318 28.7 28.5 28.4 28.5

Durable goods................................... 1,822 1,744 1,747 1,754 24.9 24.6 24.5 24.5

Nondurable goods............................... 1,594 1,561 1,562 1,564 34.8 34.7 34.7 34.8

Private service-providing............................. 48,106 47,764 47,807 47,803 53.6 53.4 53.4 53.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities............... 10,289 10,075 10,063 10,047 41.2 40.8 40.7 40.6

Wholesale trade................................. 1,724.2 1,687.8 1,680.9 1,679.5 30.6 30.3 30.1 30.1

Retail trade....................................... 7,396.8 7,257.2 7,253.2 7,238.5 50.8 50.3 50.2 50.1

Transportation and warehousing.............. 1,025.2 993.7 992.9 993.9 24.2 24.0 24.0 24.0

Utilities............................................ 142.8 136.6 136.1 135.4 25.5 24.5 24.4 24.3

Information.......................................... 1,179 1,119 1,116 1,117 41.9 41.0 40.9 40.9

Financial activities.................................. 4,610 4,493 4,486 4,476 59.3 59.0 58.9 58.9

Professional and business services............. 7,499 7,403 7,418 7,421 45.2 44.7 44.6 44.5

Education and health services................... 14,819 15,023 15,045 15,062 77.4 77.2 77.2 77.3

Leisure and hospitality............................. 6,890 6,846 6,871 6,874 52.5 52.5 52.5 52.5

Other services...................................... 2,820 2,805 2,808 2,806 52.6 52.7 52.7 52.6

Government.............................................. 12,938 12,824 12,853 13,068 57.2 57.0 56.9 56.9

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

Total private................................................................................ 89,401 88,497 88,668 88,694

Goods-producing........................................................................ 13,508 12,905 12,953 12,943

Mining and logging................................................................... 516 517 524 533

Construction........................................................................... 4,643 4,259 4,271 4,229

Manufacturing......................................................................... 8,349 8,129 8,158 8,181

Durable goods...................................................................... 5,005 4,850 4,873 4,901

Nondurable goods................................................................. 3,344 3,279 3,285 3,280

Private service-providing............................................................... 75,893 75,592 75,715 75,751

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................................................. 21,215 20,946 20,953 20,954

Wholesale trade.................................................................... 4,541.5 4,482.7 4,484.1 4,480.6

Retail trade......................................................................... 12,525.1 12,417.6 12,437.7 12,441.0

Transportation and warehousing................................................. 3,696.9 3,600.9 3,587.7 3,588.9

Utilities............................................................................... 451.2 444.4 443.5 443.0

Information............................................................................ 2,252 2,180 2,187 2,188

Financial activities.................................................................... 6,007 5,883 5,882 5,874

Professional and business services................................................ 13,520 13,573 13,624 13,641

Education and health services...................................................... 16,791 17,042 17,064 17,074

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 11,618 11,515 11,543 11,555

Other services........................................................................ 4,490 4,453 4,462 4,465

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 33.1 33.3 33.4 33.5

Goods-producing..................................................................... 39.0 40.1 40.5 40.5

Mining and logging................................................................ 43.3 44.2 44.8 45.6

Construction........................................................................ 37.6 37.8 38.7 37.9

Manufacturing...................................................................... 39.5 41.0 41.2 41.5

Durable goods................................................................... 39.4 41.2 41.4 41.7

Nondurable goods............................................................... 39.6 40.8 40.9 41.2

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.0 32.2 32.2 32.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 32.9 33.1 33.2 33.2

Wholesale trade................................................................. 37.6 37.8 37.9 38.0

Retail trade....................................................................... 29.9 30.1 30.1 30.1

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 35.9 36.8 37.2 37.1

Utilities............................................................................ 42.1 41.6 41.8 41.8

Information.......................................................................... 36.6 36.5 36.5 36.6

Financial activities................................................................. 36.0 36.1 36.2 36.3

Professional and business services............................................. 34.7 35.0 35.0 35.1

Education and health services................................................... 32.3 32.1 32.2 32.2

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 24.8 25.0 24.9 24.8

Other services...................................................................... 30.5 30.8 30.8 30.9

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 2.8 3.7 3.9 4.1

Durable goods........................................................................ 2.6 3.7 3.9 4.1

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 3.2 3.7 3.9 4.0

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

Total private................................................. $18.55 $18.90 $18.95 $18.99 $ 614.01 $ 629.37 $ 632.93 $ 636.17

Goods-producing........................................ 19.85 20.16 20.18 20.20 774.15 808.42 817.29 818.10

Mining and logging................................... 23.33 23.87 23.88 23.93 1,010.19 1,055.05 1,069.82 1,091.21

Construction........................................... 22.63 23.12 23.07 23.10 850.89 873.94 892.81 875.49

Manufacturing......................................... 18.15 18.47 18.50 18.57 716.93 757.27 762.20 770.66

Durable goods...................................... 19.27 19.65 19.67 19.73 759.24 809.58 814.34 822.74

Nondurable goods................................. 16.47 16.71 16.74 16.81 652.21 681.77 684.67 692.57

Private service-providing............................... 18.27 18.64 18.68 18.73 584.64 600.21 601.50 603.11

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 16.45 16.77 16.83 16.86 541.21 555.09 558.76 559.75

Wholesale trade.................................... 20.86 21.37 21.51 21.56 784.34 807.79 815.23 819.28

Retail trade.......................................... 12.96 13.18 13.20 13.19 387.50 396.72 397.32 397.02

Transportation and warehousing................. 18.77 19.16 19.20 19.32 673.84 705.09 714.24 716.77

Utilities............................................... 29.42 29.93 30.01 30.15 1,238.58 1,245.09 1,254.42 1,260.27

Information............................................. 25.45 25.65 25.63 25.76 931.47 936.23 935.50 942.82

Financial activities.................................... 20.79 21.34 21.36 21.42 748.44 770.37 773.23 777.55

Professional and business services................ 22.23 22.63 22.67 22.77 771.38 792.05 793.45 799.23

Education and health services...................... 19.40 19.80 19.87 19.88 626.62 635.58 639.81 640.14

Leisure and hospitality............................... 11.01 11.31 11.31 11.33 273.05 282.75 281.62 280.98

Other services......................................... 16.50 16.79 16.78 16.79 503.25 517.13 516.82 518.81

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

Percent

change

from:

Apr.

2010 -

May

2010p

May

2009

Mar.

2010

Apr.

2010p

May

2010p

Percent

change

from:

Apr.

2010 -

May

2010p

Total private....................................... 98.9 98.5 98.9 99.3 0.4 122.5 124.3 125.3 126.0 0.6

Goods-producing............................... 80.5 79.1 80.2 80.1 -0.1 97.9 97.6 99.1 99.1 0.0

Mining and logging.......................... 118.7 121.4 124.7 129.2 3.6 161.1 168.6 173.3 179.8 3.8

Construction.................................. 87.4 80.6 82.8 80.3 -3.0 106.8 100.6 103.1 100.1 -2.9

Manufacturing................................ 75.7 76.5 77.1 77.9 1.0 89.8 92.4 93.3 94.6 1.4

Durable goods............................ 74.1 75.1 75.8 76.8 1.3 89.1 92.1 93.1 94.6 1.6

Nondurable goods........................ 78.0 78.8 79.2 79.6 0.5 90.8 93.1 93.6 94.6 1.1

Private service-providing...................... 103.8 104.1 104.2 104.3 0.1 130.1 133.0 133.5 133.9 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 97.3 96.7 97.0 97.0 0.0 114.2 115.6 116.4 116.6 0.2

Wholesale trade........................... 100.6 99.8 100.1 100.3 0.2 123.6 125.6 126.8 127.3 0.4

Retail trade................................ 94.8 94.6 94.8 94.8 0.0 105.3 106.9 107.2 107.2 0.0

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 99.9 99.7 100.5 100.2 -0.3 119.0 121.2 122.4 122.8 0.3

Utilities..................................... 97.2 94.6 94.8 94.7 -0.1 119.3 118.1 118.8 119.2 0.3

Information................................... 94.1 90.8 91.1 91.4 0.3 118.6 115.3 115.6 116.6 0.9

Financial activities........................... 103.5 101.6 101.9 102.0 0.1 133.0 134.1 134.6 135.1 0.4

Professional and business services....... 105.1 106.5 106.9 107.3 0.4 139.1 143.4 144.2 145.4 0.8

Education and health services............. 117.0 118.0 118.5 118.6 0.1 149.2 153.6 154.8 155.0 0.1

Leisure and hospitality...................... 105.6 105.5 105.3 105.0 -0.3 132.0 135.5 135.3 135.1 -0.1

Other services............................... 96.1 96.2 96.4 96.8 0.4 115.5 117.7 117.9 118.4 0.4

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary