Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212 

Technical information: 

 Household data: (202) 691-6378 USDL 08-1367 

 http://www.bls.gov/cps/ 

 Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 Transmission of material in this release 

 http://www.bls.gov/ces/ is embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EDT), 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 Friday, October 3, 2008. 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: SEPTEMBER 2008 

Nonfarm payroll employment declined by 159,000 in September, and the unemployment rate held 

at 6.1 percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. Employment continued to fall in construction, manufacturing, and retail trade, while mining and health care 

continued to add jobs. 

Unemployment (Household Survey Data)

The unemployment rate (6.1 percent) was unchanged in September, following a 0.4 percentage 

point rise in August. The number of unemployed persons was little changed at 9.5 million. Over the 

past 12 months, the number of unemployed persons has increased by 2.2 million and the unemployment 

rate has risen by 1.4 percentage points. (See table A-1.) 

The unemployment rates for adult men (6.1 percent) and blacks (11.4 percent) rose in September. 

The jobless rates for teenagers (19.1 percent), whites (5.4 percent), and Hispanics (7.8 percent) were 

essentially unchanged. The unemployment rate for adult women declined to 4.9 percent, partly offsetting an increase in August. The unemployment rate for Asians in September was 3.8 percent, not 

seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

News United States 

Department 

of Labor 

Percent Millions

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted, 

October 2005 – September 2008

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,

October 2005 – September 2008

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

2006 2007 2008

128.0

130.0

132.0

134.0

136.0

138.0

140.0

2006 2007 2008
2

Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Civilian labor force ............................... 154,294 154,730 154,603 154,853 154,732 -121

Employment ..................................... 146,089 145,517 145,819 145,477 145,255 -222

Unemployment .................................. 8,204 9,213 8,784 9,376 9,477 101

Not in labor force .................................. 79,117 79,381 79,261 79,253 79,628 375

All workers ......................................... 5.3 6.0 5.7 6.1 6.1 0.0

Adult men ........................................ 4.9 5.7 5.3 5.6 6.1 .5

Adult women ..................................... 4.6 4.9 4.6 5.3 4.9 -.4

Teenagers ........................................ 17.4 19.5 20.3 18.9 19.1 .2

White ............................................ 4.7 5.3 5.1 5.4 5.4 .0

Black or African American 

................... 9.1 10.6 9.7 10.6 11.4 .8

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity ................. 7.2 7.7 7.4 8.0 7.8 -.2

ESTABLISHMENT DATA 

Nonfarm employment ............................ 137,699 p 137,448 137,550 p 137,477 p 137,318 p -159

Goods-producing 1.............................. 21,565 p 21,373 21,437 p 21,380 p 21,303 p -77

Construction .................................... 7,242 p 7,153 7,173 p 7,160 p 7,125 p -35

Manufacturing ............................... 13,563 p 13,433 13,487 p 13,431 p 13,380 p -51

Service-providing 1 ............................. 116,134 p 116,075 116,113 p 116,097 p 116,015 p -82

 Retail trade 2 ................................. 15,337 p 15,272 15,302 p 15,277 p 15,237 p -40

Professional and business service ........... 17,980 p 17,866 17,904 p 17,861 p 17,834 p -27

Education and health services ............... 18,823 p 18,983 18,935 p 18,994 p 19,019 p 25

Leisure and hospitality ...................... 13,683 p 13,643 13,655 p 13,645 p 13,628 p -17

Government .................................... 22,439 p 22,526 22,502 p 22,533 p 22,542 p 9

Total private ....................................... 33.7 p 33.7 33.7 p 33.7 p 33.6 p -0.1

Manufacturing .................................. 41.0 p 40.9 41.0 p 40.9 p 40.7 p -.2

 Overtime ....................................... 3.9 p 3.7 3.8 p 3.7 p 3.6 p -.1

Total private ........................................ 107.2 p 106.7 106.9 p 106.8 p 106.3 p -0.5

Average hourly earnings, total private ......... $17.95 p $18.12 $18.06 p $18.14 p $18.17 p $0.03

Average weekly earnings, total private ....... 605.40 p 610.15 608.62 p 611.32 p 610.51 p -.81

II 2008 III 2008 July 2008 Aug. 2008 Sept. 2008

p = preliminary.

Aug.-Sept. 

change

Hours of work 3

1

 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2

 Quarterly averages and the over-the-month change are calculated using unrounded data.

3

 Data relate to private production and nonsupervisory workers.

Category

Quarterly averages Monthly data

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100) 3

Earnings 3

 Employment

Labor force status

Unemployment rates 
3

Among the unemployed, the number of persons who lost a job rose by 347,000 to 5.2 million in 

September, with increases occurring both for those on temporary layoff and for those who do not expect 

to be recalled to work. (See table A-8.) 

In September, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) rose by 

167,000 to 2.0 million, an increase of 728,000 over the past 12 months. The long-term unemployed 

accounted for 21.1 percent of total unemployment in September. (See table A-9.) 

Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

The civilian labor force (154.7 million) and the labor force participation rate (66.0 percent) were 

essentially unchanged over the month. Total employment (145.3 million) and the employment-population ratio (62.0 percent) were little changed. Since a recent high in December 2006, the employmentpopulation ratio has declined by 1.4 percentage points. (See table A-1.) 

The number of persons who worked part time for economic reasons rose by 337,000 to 6.1 million 

in September, an increase of 1.6 million over the past 12 months. This category includes persons who 

would like to work full time but were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See table A-5.) 

The number of multiple jobholders fell by 398,000 in September to 7.7 million; multiple jobholders 

made up 5.3 percent of all employed persons. (See table A-6.) 

Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

About 1.6 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) were marginally attached to the labor force in 

September, 336,000 more than 12 months earlier. These individuals wanted and were available for work 

and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They are not counted as unemployed because 

they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. Among the marginally attached, 

there were 467,000 discouraged workers in September; the number of discouraged workers has increased by 191,000 from a year earlier. Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work 

specifically because they believe no jobs are available for them. The other 1.1 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in September had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the 

survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-13.) 

Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)

Total nonfarm payroll employment decreased by 159,000 in September. Thus far in 2008, payroll 

employment has fallen by 760,000. Over the month, employment continued to decline in manufacturing, construction, and retail trade. Health care and mining continued to add jobs in September. (See 

table B-1.) 

Manufacturing employment fell by 51,000 over the month, bringing the decline in factory jobs 

to 442,000 over the past 12 months. In September, job losses continued in motor vehicles and parts 

(-18,000); this industry has shed 140,000 jobs over the past 12 months. Elsewhere among durable 

goods manufacturers, employment decreased in fabricated metals (-7,000), wood products (-5,000), 

and furniture and related products (-5,000). In nondurable goods manufacturing, paper products 

(-3,000) and plastics and rubber products (-4,000) lost jobs over the month. 
4

Construction lost 35,000 jobs over the month. Thus far this year, all of the components of 

construction have experienced employment declines; the majority of the losses have been in the 

residential components. 

Employment in retail trade dropped by 40,000 in September and by 250,000 over the last 12 

months. Department stores lost 11,000 jobs in September and 70,000 over the last 12 months. 

Employment also continued to decline in motor vehicle and parts dealers (-10,000); this industry has 

lost 48,000 jobs in the past 4 months. Gasoline stations also lost jobs in September (-6,000). 

Employment in transportation and warehousing declined by 16,000 in September and by 57,000 

since its peak 12 months earlier. Over the month, job losses occurred in trucking (-12,000) and air 

transportation (-5,000). 

In September, employment in financial activities fell by 17,000, with nearly half of the decline 

occurring in securities and investment firms. The financial activities industry has lost 172,000 jobs 

since its employment peak in December 2006. 

Employment in professional and business services continued to trend down over the month 

(-27,000), largely reflecting further job cuts in employment services. Computer systems design 

services and management and technical consulting services each added 9,000 jobs in September. 

Health care employment continued to increase in September with a gain of 17,000. Job growth 

in the industry averaged 30,000 a month over the prior 12 months. In September, employment also 

continued to grow in mining (8,000). Mining employment has expanded by 241,000 since reaching a 

low in April 2003. 

Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)

In September, the average workweek for production and nonsupervisory workers on private 

nonfarm payrolls fell by 0.1 hour to 33.6 hours, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek 

decreased by 0.2 hour, and factory overtime decreased by 0.1 hour. (See table B-2.) 

The index of aggregate weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers on nonfarm payrolls fell by 0.5 percent in September to 106.3 (2002=100). The manufacturing index decreased by 

1.0 percent to 89.6. (See table B-5.) 

Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)

In September, average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 3 cents, or 0.2 percent, to $18.17, seasonally adjusted. This followed gains of 6 

cents in July and 8 cents in August. Average weekly earnings were $610.51 in September. Over the 

past 12 months, average hourly earnings increased by 3.4 percent and average weekly earnings rose by 

2.8 percent. (See tables B-3 and B-4.) 

______________________________ 

The Employment Situation for October 2008 is scheduled to be released on Friday, 

November 7, at 8:30 A.M. (EST). 
5

Hurricane Ike 

Hurricane Ike struck the east coast of Texas and portions of coastal Louisiana on 

September 13th in the midst of the establishment survey reference period. For the 

weather conditions to have affected payroll employment, people would have had to be 

off work for the entire pay period and not paid for the time missed. Therefore, it is 

unlikely the storm had substantial effects on the national employment estimates. 

In the household survey, people who miss work for weather-related events are 

counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. 

 
6

Preliminary Estimates of Benchmark Revisions to the Establishment Survey

In accordance with usual practice, the Bureau of Labor Statistics is announcing its preliminary 

estimates of the upcoming annual benchmark revision to the establishment survey employment series. 

The final benchmark revision will be issued on February 6, 2009, with the publication of the January 

2009 Employment Situation news release. 

Each year, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey employment estimates are benchmarked to comprehensive counts of employment for the month of March derived from state unemployment insurance tax records that nearly all employers are required to file. For national CES employment series, the annual benchmark revisions over the last 10 years have averaged plus or minus 

two-tenths of one percent at the total nonfarm level. The preliminary estimate of the benchmark 

revision shows that there was an accumulated overstatement of CES employment between March 

2007 and March 2008 of 21,000 (0.02 percent of total nonfarm employment in March 2008). 

Table B shows the March 2008 preliminary benchmark revisions by major industry sector. As is 

typically the case, many of the individual industry series show larger percentage revisions than the total 

nonfarm series, primarily because statistical sampling error is greater at more detailed levels than at a 

total level. 

Table B. National Current Employment Statistics March 2008 preliminary benchmark

revisions by major industry sector 

Industry Benchmark revision Percent benchmark 

revision

Total nonfarm ............................................ -21,000 (1)

 Total private ............................................ -81,000 -0.1

 Natural resources and 

 mining ................................................. 0 .0

 Construction .......................................... 56,000 .8

 Manufacturing ....................................... -7,000 -.1

 Trade, transportation, 

 and utilities .......................................... 85,000 .3

 Information ............................................ 16,000 .5

 Financial activities ................................ -20,000 -.2

 Professional and business 

 services ................................................ -46,000 -.3

 Education and health 

 services ................................................ -17,000 -.1

 Leisure and hospitality .......................... -154,000 -1.2

 Other services ........................................ 6,000 .1

 Government ............................................. 60,000 .3

1

 Less than 0.05 percent.
 7

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment 

and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin 

of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its much larger 

sample size. An over-the-month employment change of 104,000 is statistically significant in the 

establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household survey is 

about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the establishment survey 

because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household 

workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also provides estimates of 

employment for demographic groups. 

Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

Neither the establishment nor household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Thus, 

while it is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The household survey does include questions about whether 

respondents were born outside the United States. Data from these questions show that foreign-born workers 

accounted for 15.7 percent of the labor force in 2007 and 47.7 percent of the net increase in the labor force 

from 2000 to 2007. 

Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The 

establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to 

incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey. For more information on the monthly 

revisions, please visit http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors estimates 

to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark 

helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual 

benchmark revision, please visit http://www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm. 

Has the establishment survey understated employment growth because it excludes the self-employed? 

While the establishment survey excludes the self-employed, the household survey provides monthly 

estimates of unincorporated self-employment. These estimates have shown no substantial growth in recent 

years. 

Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with 

fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the 

total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled to 

achieve that goal. 
8

Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment 

change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that 

forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net 

impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The 

establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not 

immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of 

a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new 

businesses to the survey twice a year. 

Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance 

benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who 

are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People on 

temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question 

relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including 

those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In 

addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (discouraged workers and other groups not officially 

counted as unemployed) are published each month in the Employment Situation news release. 
Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the

Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current

Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor

Statistics (BLS).

The establishment survey provides the information on the

employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that

appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This

information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation

with state agencies. The sample includes about 160,000 businesses

and government agencies covering approximately 400,000 individual

worksites. The active sample includes about one-third of all nonfarm

payroll workers. The sample is drawn from a sampling frame of

unemployment insurance tax accounts.

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular

week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is

generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In

the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the

calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences

between surveys

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire

civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of

questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and

over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or

not in the labor force.

People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as

paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least

15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as

employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of

illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal

reasons.

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following

criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were

available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find

employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need

not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon

the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed

persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not

 in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed

as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is

the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employmentpopulation ratio is the employed as a percent of the population.

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn

from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores,

as well as federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on

nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted

in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate only to production workers in the goods-producing

sector and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing sector.

Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity in

accordance with the 2007 version of the North American Industry

Classification System.

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and

establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

• The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among

the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey.

• The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the

employed. The establishment survey does not.

• The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.

The establishment survey is not limited by age.

• The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because

individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job.

In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job

and thus appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation’s labor force and the

levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations

due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded

production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of

schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large; seasonal fluctuations may account for as much as 95 percent of the monthto-month changes in unemployment.

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern

each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by

adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make

nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or

increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to

spot. For example, the large number of youth entering the labor force

each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place

relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of

students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics

for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change.

Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in

economic activity.

Most seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both

the household and establishment surveys. However, the ad-
justed series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most supersectors, total employment, and

unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major agesex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate

that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or

by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent

seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal

factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and

including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new

seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month’s data. In

the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each

month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. In both

surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are

subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather

than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample

estimates may differ from the “true” population values they represent.

The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the

particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the

standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or

level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no

more than 1.6 standard errors from the “true” population value because

of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence.

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total

employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or

minus 430,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases

by 100,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence

interval on the monthly change would range from -330,000 to 530,000

(100,000 +/- 430,000). These figures do not mean that the sample

results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a

90-percent chance that the “true” over-the-month change lies within

this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we

could not say with confidence that employment had, in fact, increased.

If, however, the reported employment rise was half a million, then

all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be

greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance)

that an employment rise had, in fact, occurred. At an unemployment

rate of around 5.5 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the

monthly change in unemployment is about +/- 280,000, and for the

monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- .19 percentage

point.

In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments

have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than

estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The

precision of estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated

over time such as for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal

adjustment process can also improve the stability of the monthly

estimates.

The household and establishment surveys are also affected by

nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons,

including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to

obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or

unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a

timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the

collection or processing of the data.

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most

recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these

estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two

successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample

reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final.

Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment

survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment

generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation

of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components

is used to account for business births. The first component uses business

deaths to impute employment for business births. This is incorporated

into the sample-based link relative estimate procedure by simply not

reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the

same trend as the other firms in the sample. The second component is

an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/

death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical

time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from

the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects

the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past five years.

The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are

adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll

employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March samplebased employment estimates and the March universe counts is known

as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey

error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, the benchmark revision for

total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.2 percent, ranging from

less than 0.1 percent to 0.6 percent.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; TDD

message referral phone: 1-800-877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Sept.

2007

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

Sept.

2007

May

2008

June

2008

July

2008

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 232,461 234,107 234,360 232,461 233,405 233,627 233,864 234,107 234,360

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 153,400 155,387 154,509 153,506 154,534 154,390 154,603 154,853 154,732

 Participation rate ..................................................... 66.0 66.4 65.9 66.0 66.2 66.1 66.1 66.1 66.0

 Employed .................................................................... 146,448 145,909 145,310 146,260 146,046 145,891 145,819 145,477 145,255

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 63.0 62.3 62.0 62.9 62.6 62.4 62.4 62.1 62.0

 Unemployed ............................................................... 6,952 9,479 9,199 7,246 8,487 8,499 8,784 9,376 9,477

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 4.5 6.1 6.0 4.7 5.5 5.5 5.7 6.1 6.1

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 79,061 78,719 79,851 78,955 78,871 79,237 79,261 79,253 79,628

 Persons who currently want a job ............................... 4,503 5,024 4,895 4,728 4,766 4,888 4,997 4,796 5,067

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 112,486 113,281 113,414 112,486 112,912 113,029 113,154 113,281 113,414

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 82,047 83,296 82,654 82,237 82,602 82,528 82,889 82,807 82,945

 Participation rate ..................................................... 72.9 73.5 72.9 73.1 73.2 73.0 73.3 73.1 73.1

 Employed .................................................................... 78,407 78,423 77,501 78,229 77,954 77,794 77,823 77,632 77,396

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 69.7 69.2 68.3 69.5 69.0 68.8 68.8 68.5 68.2

 Unemployed ............................................................... 3,640 4,872 5,153 4,008 4,648 4,734 5,066 5,176 5,549

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 4.4 5.8 6.2 4.9 5.6 5.7 6.1 6.3 6.7

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 30,439 29,986 30,760 30,249 30,310 30,502 30,264 30,474 30,469

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 103,847 104,613 104,741 103,847 104,258 104,371 104,490 104,613 104,741

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 78,667 79,476 79,307 78,689 78,878 79,037 79,327 79,318 79,444

 Participation rate ..................................................... 75.8 76.0 75.7 75.8 75.7 75.7 75.9 75.8 75.8

 Employed .................................................................... 75,628 75,305 74,844 75,332 75,001 74,998 75,094 74,866 74,631

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 72.8 72.0 71.5 72.5 71.9 71.9 71.9 71.6 71.3

 Unemployed ............................................................... 3,039 4,171 4,463 3,357 3,877 4,038 4,234 4,452 4,813

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 3.9 5.2 5.6 4.3 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.6 6.1

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 25,180 25,137 25,434 25,158 25,380 25,334 25,163 25,295 25,298

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 119,975 120,825 120,946 119,975 120,493 120,598 120,710 120,825 120,946

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 71,353 72,092 71,855 71,269 71,931 71,862 71,714 72,046 71,787

 Participation rate ..................................................... 59.5 59.7 59.4 59.4 59.7 59.6 59.4 59.6 59.4

 Employed .................................................................... 68,041 67,485 67,809 68,030 68,092 68,097 67,996 67,845 67,860

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 56.7 55.9 56.1 56.7 56.5 56.5 56.3 56.2 56.1

 Unemployed ............................................................... 3,312 4,606 4,046 3,238 3,839 3,765 3,718 4,201 3,928

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 4.6 6.4 5.6 4.5 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.8 5.5

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 48,622 48,734 49,091 48,706 48,562 48,735 48,996 48,779 49,159

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 111,590 112,401 112,518 111,590 112,083 112,183 112,290 112,401 112,518

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 68,026 68,440 68,635 67,795 68,390 68,446 68,303 68,672 68,423

 Participation rate ..................................................... 61.0 60.9 61.0 60.8 61.0 61.0 60.8 61.1 60.8

 Employed .................................................................... 65,170 64,462 65,149 65,033 65,138 65,238 65,167 65,047 65,072

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 58.4 57.3 57.9 58.3 58.1 58.2 58.0 57.9 57.8

 Unemployed ............................................................... 2,855 3,979 3,486 2,762 3,252 3,208 3,135 3,625 3,351

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 4.2 5.8 5.1 4.1 4.8 4.7 4.6 5.3 4.9

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 43,564 43,961 43,883 43,795 43,693 43,737 43,988 43,729 44,094

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 17,024 17,092 17,101 17,024 17,064 17,073 17,084 17,092 17,101

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 6,707 7,471 6,567 7,021 7,266 6,907 6,973 6,863 6,865

 Participation rate ..................................................... 39.4 43.7 38.4 41.2 42.6 40.5 40.8 40.2 40.1

 Employed .................................................................... 5,649 6,142 5,317 5,895 5,907 5,655 5,558 5,563 5,552

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 33.2 35.9 31.1 34.6 34.6 33.1 32.5 32.6 32.5

 Unemployed ............................................................... 1,058 1,329 1,250 1,126 1,358 1,253 1,415 1,299 1,313

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 15.8 17.8 19.0 16.0 18.7 18.1 20.3 18.9 19.1

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 10,317 9,621 10,534 10,003 9,798 10,166 10,110 10,229 10,236

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Sept.

2007

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

Sept.

2007

May

2008

June

2008

July

2008

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

WHITE 

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 188,644 189,747 189,916 188,644 189,281 189,428 189,587 189,747 189,916

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 125,191 126,337 125,853 125,316 125,762 125,704 125,971 125,981 125,955

 Participation rate ....................................................... 66.4 66.6 66.3 66.4 66.4 66.4 66.4 66.4 66.3

 Employed .................................................................... 120,103 119,475 119,294 119,992 119,661 119,518 119,542 119,222 119,180

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 63.7 63.0 62.8 63.6 63.2 63.1 63.1 62.8 62.8

 Unemployed ............................................................... 5,089 6,862 6,559 5,324 6,101 6,186 6,428 6,760 6,775

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 4.1 5.4 5.2 4.2 4.9 4.9 5.1 5.4 5.4

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 63,453 63,410 64,063 63,329 63,519 63,724 63,616 63,766 63,961

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 65,220 65,729 65,645 65,257 65,392 65,402 65,789 65,690 65,747

 Participation rate ....................................................... 76.2 76.3 76.1 76.2 76.1 76.1 76.4 76.2 76.2

 Employed .................................................................... 62,928 62,683 62,400 62,690 62,491 62,447 62,695 62,446 62,239

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 73.5 72.7 72.3 73.2 72.7 72.6 72.8 72.5 72.2

 Unemployed ............................................................... 2,292 3,046 3,245 2,567 2,901 2,955 3,094 3,244 3,508

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 3.5 4.6 4.9 3.9 4.4 4.5 4.7 4.9 5.3

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 54,350 54,491 54,809 54,229 54,400 54,562 54,424 54,668 54,603

 Participation rate ....................................................... 60.4 60.2 60.5 60.3 60.3 60.4 60.2 60.4 60.3

 Employed .................................................................... 52,342 51,630 52,421 52,306 52,177 52,282 52,184 52,118 52,309

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 58.2 57.1 57.9 58.1 57.8 57.9 57.7 57.6 57.8

 Unemployed ............................................................... 2,008 2,861 2,388 1,924 2,223 2,280 2,240 2,551 2,294

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 3.7 5.3 4.4 3.5 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.7 4.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 5,621 6,117 5,399 5,830 5,971 5,740 5,758 5,623 5,606

 Participation rate ....................................................... 43.0 46.7 41.2 44.6 45.7 43.9 44.0 43.0 42.8

 Employed .................................................................... 4,833 5,162 4,473 4,996 4,993 4,789 4,664 4,658 4,632

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 37.0 39.4 34.2 38.2 38.2 36.6 35.6 35.6 35.4

 Unemployed ............................................................... 788 954 926 834 978 951 1,094 965 974

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 14.0 15.6 17.2 14.3 16.4 16.6 19.0 17.2 17.4

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN 

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 27,584 27,896 27,939 27,584 27,780 27,816 27,854 27,896 27,939

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 17,527 18,057 17,756 17,483 17,742 17,716 17,767 17,973 17,737

 Participation rate ....................................................... 63.5 64.7 63.6 63.4 63.9 63.7 63.8 64.4 63.5

 Employed .................................................................... 16,142 16,132 15,767 16,046 16,029 16,085 16,040 16,074 15,714

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 58.5 57.8 56.4 58.2 57.7 57.8 57.6 57.6 56.2

 Unemployed ............................................................... 1,384 1,925 1,989 1,437 1,713 1,632 1,726 1,899 2,023

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 7.9 10.7 11.2 8.2 9.7 9.2 9.7 10.6 11.4

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 10,057 9,839 10,183 10,101 10,038 10,100 10,088 9,923 10,202

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 7,932 8,133 8,021 7,882 7,909 7,997 7,979 8,066 8,004

 Participation rate ....................................................... 71.5 72.5 71.4 71.0 70.8 71.5 71.3 71.9 71.2

 Employed .................................................................... 7,384 7,329 7,126 7,290 7,202 7,254 7,184 7,239 7,052

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 66.5 65.3 63.4 65.7 64.5 64.9 64.2 64.5 62.8

 Unemployed ............................................................... 549 804 895 592 707 742 795 827 951

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 6.9 9.9 11.2 7.5 8.9 9.3 10.0 10.3 11.9

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 8,905 9,022 9,003 8,839 9,008 8,973 8,985 9,052 8,921

 Participation rate ....................................................... 64.4 64.5 64.2 63.9 64.6 64.3 64.3 64.7 63.6

 Employed .................................................................... 8,268 8,173 8,122 8,215 8,268 8,305 8,311 8,225 8,089

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 59.8 58.4 57.9 59.4 59.3 59.5 59.5 58.8 57.7

 Unemployed ............................................................... 637 849 881 625 740 668 674 826 833

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 7.2 9.4 9.8 7.1 8.2 7.4 7.5 9.1 9.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 689 903 732 762 825 747 802 856 812

 Participation rate ....................................................... 26.0 33.7 27.3 28.7 30.9 27.9 30.0 31.9 30.3

 Employed .................................................................... 491 631 519 541 558 525 545 609 573

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 18.5 23.5 19.3 20.4 20.9 19.6 20.4 22.7 21.4

 Unemployed ............................................................... 198 272 213 220 266 221 257 246 239

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 28.8 30.1 29.1 28.9 32.3 29.6 32.0 28.8 29.4

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Sept.

2007

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

Sept.

2007

May

2008

June

2008

July

2008

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

ASIAN 

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 10,698 10,840 10,820 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 6,997 7,301 7,179 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ....................................................... 65.4 67.4 66.4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .................................................................... 6,776 6,978 6,904 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 63.3 64.4 63.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ............................................................... 222 323 276 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 3.2 4.4 3.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 3,700 3,539 3,640 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore,

identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available.

 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in

table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population

controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Sept.

2007

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

Sept.

2007

May

2008

June

2008

July

2008

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 31,617 32,273 32,369 31,617 31,998 32,087 32,179 32,273 32,369

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 21,759 22,262 22,160 21,872 22,102 22,131 22,071 22,226 22,258

 Participation rate ....................................................... 68.8 69.0 68.5 69.2 69.1 69.0 68.6 68.9 68.8

 Employed .................................................................... 20,546 20,485 20,470 20,619 20,573 20,420 20,435 20,452 20,531

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 65.0 63.5 63.2 65.2 64.3 63.6 63.5 63.4 63.4

 Unemployed ............................................................... 1,213 1,777 1,691 1,253 1,529 1,711 1,636 1,774 1,727

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 5.6 8.0 7.6 5.7 6.9 7.7 7.4 8.0 7.8

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 9,857 10,011 10,209 9,745 9,896 9,956 10,108 10,048 10,111

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 12,424 12,697 12,773 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ....................................................... 84.2 84.5 84.7 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .................................................................... 11,850 11,824 11,892 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 80.3 78.7 78.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ............................................................... 574 873 881 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 4.6 6.9 6.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 8,242 8,399 8,298 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ....................................................... 59.3 59.2 58.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .................................................................... 7,796 7,761 7,760 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 56.1 54.7 54.6 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ............................................................... 446 638 538 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 5.4 7.6 6.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 1,093 1,166 1,089 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ....................................................... 36.8 38.1 35.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .................................................................... 901 901 818 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 30.3 29.5 26.7 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ............................................................... 193 265 271 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 17.6 22.8 24.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore,

identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available.

 NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of

any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release

of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

(Numbers in thousands)

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2007

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

Sept.

2007

May

2008

June

2008

July

2008

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force .......................................................... 12,250 12,129 12,177 12,181 12,119 12,178 12,168 12,197 12,161

 Participation rate ......................................................... 46.6 47.2 47.1 46.3 45.4 45.9 47.8 47.5 47.0

 Employed ...................................................................... 11,397 11,020 11,081 11,271 11,118 11,117 11,135 11,022 10,992

 Employment-population ratio ...................................... 43.3 42.9 42.9 42.8 41.6 41.9 43.7 42.9 42.5

 Unemployed ................................................................. 853 1,108 1,097 910 1,001 1,061 1,033 1,175 1,169

 Unemployment rate .................................................... 7.0 9.1 9.0 7.5 8.3 8.7 8.5 9.6 9.6

High school graduates, no college 1

Civilian labor force .......................................................... 39,013 38,185 38,415 38,810 38,323 38,170 38,872 38,373 38,313

 Participation rate ......................................................... 63.3 62.6 62.6 62.9 62.8 62.8 63.5 62.9 62.5

 Employed ...................................................................... 37,398 36,059 36,197 37,036 36,349 36,233 36,854 36,191 35,908

 Employment-population ratio ...................................... 60.7 59.1 59.0 60.1 59.5 59.6 60.2 59.3 58.6

 Unemployed ................................................................. 1,615 2,126 2,218 1,774 1,974 1,937 2,018 2,182 2,405

 Unemployment rate .................................................... 4.1 5.6 5.8 4.6 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.7 6.3

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force .......................................................... 36,077 36,768 37,054 36,045 36,791 36,824 36,444 36,685 36,991

 Participation rate ......................................................... 72.0 71.7 72.0 72.0 72.4 71.9 71.1 71.5 71.9

 Employed ...................................................................... 34,907 34,910 35,253 34,801 35,219 35,264 34,813 34,912 35,129

 Employment-population ratio ...................................... 69.7 68.0 68.5 69.5 69.3 68.9 67.9 68.0 68.3

 Unemployed ................................................................. 1,170 1,857 1,802 1,243 1,572 1,559 1,631 1,774 1,862

 Unemployment rate .................................................... 3.2 5.1 4.9 3.4 4.3 4.2 4.5 4.8 5.0

Bachelor’s degree and higher 2

Civilian labor force .......................................................... 44,143 45,220 45,140 44,117 44,566 44,993 45,071 45,422 45,200

 Participation rate ......................................................... 77.5 77.2 77.6 77.5 77.7 78.1 77.2 77.5 77.7

 Employed ...................................................................... 43,248 43,823 43,961 43,253 43,588 43,964 43,993 44,182 44,072

 Employment-population ratio ...................................... 76.0 74.8 75.5 76.0 76.0 76.3 75.3 75.4 75.7

 Unemployed ................................................................. 895 1,397 1,178 863 978 1,029 1,078 1,240 1,128

 Unemployment rate .................................................... 2.0 3.1 2.6 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.5

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. 

 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

(In thousands)

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2007

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

Sept.

2007

May

2008

June

2008

July

2008

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries ................................... 2,147 2,302 2,276 2,065 2,122 2,137 2,123 2,142 2,189

 Wage and salary workers ............................................. 1,248 1,419 1,415 1,178 1,241 1,244 1,258 1,289 1,331

 Self-employed workers ................................................. 875 850 834 861 849 840 844 817 820

 Unpaid family workers .................................................. 24 33 28 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Nonagricultural industries ............................................... 144,300 143,607 143,034 144,259 143,898 143,650 143,589 143,284 143,064

 Wage and salary workers ............................................. 134,553 134,033 133,660 134,573 134,385 134,132 133,951 133,822 133,725

 Government ................................................................ 21,153 20,821 21,204 21,084 21,263 21,186 21,098 21,259 21,168

 Private industries ........................................................ 113,400 113,212 112,456 113,502 113,116 113,001 112,956 112,607 112,588

 Private households ................................................... 823 799 820 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

 Other industries ........................................................ 112,577 112,413 111,636 112,694 112,315 112,155 112,157 111,851 111,778

 Self-employed workers ................................................. 9,631 9,490 9,293 9,534 9,384 9,430 9,518 9,381 9,228

 Unpaid family workers .................................................. 116 84 81 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 2

All industries:

Part time for economic reasons .................................. 4,137 5,736 5,701 4,499 5,233 5,416 5,724 5,718 6,055

 Slack work or business conditions ........................... 2,768 4,011 3,983 2,991 3,595 3,816 4,194 4,112 4,232

 Could only find part-time work ................................. 1,091 1,305 1,467 1,166 1,281 1,336 1,286 1,362 1,516

Part time for noneconomic reasons ............................ 20,037 17,698 19,582 19,812 19,428 19,496 19,406 19,712 19,371

Nonagricultural industries:

Part time for economic reasons .................................. 4,085 5,650 5,621 4,397 5,164 5,308 5,599 5,641 5,941

 Slack work or business conditions ........................... 2,736 3,947 3,919 2,922 3,531 3,744 4,156 4,032 4,121

 Could only find part-time work ................................. 1,088 1,294 1,465 1,153 1,288 1,328 1,277 1,350 1,537

Part time for noneconomic reasons ............................ 19,679 17,302 19,242 19,451 19,047 19,106 19,051 19,281 19,033

1 Data not available. 2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their

jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or

industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who

usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for

reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather.

 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the

various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the 

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Selected employment indicators

(In thousands)

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2007

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

Sept.

2007

May

2008

June

2008

July

2008

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over ................................................. 146,448 145,909 145,310 146,260 146,046 145,891 145,819 145,477 145,255

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 5,649 6,142 5,317 5,895 5,907 5,655 5,558 5,563 5,552

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 2,218 2,247 2,007 2,263 2,040 1,966 1,974 1,988 2,029

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 3,431 3,895 3,311 3,641 3,807 3,678 3,619 3,570 3,546

 20 years and over ......................................................... 140,799 139,767 139,993 140,365 140,139 140,236 140,261 139,914 139,703

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 13,849 13,954 13,501 13,975 13,704 13,720 13,724 13,683 13,637

 25 years and over ....................................................... 126,950 125,812 126,492 126,481 126,394 126,565 126,611 126,281 126,093

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 100,813 99,109 99,534 100,475 99,774 99,813 99,733 99,345 99,236

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 31,717 31,444 31,491 31,598 31,545 31,488 31,468 31,467 31,397

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 34,335 33,194 33,397 34,219 33,701 33,692 33,613 33,287 33,300

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 34,761 34,471 34,646 34,659 34,528 34,634 34,651 34,591 34,540

 55 years and over ..................................................... 26,137 26,704 26,958 26,006 26,620 26,751 26,879 26,936 26,856

Men, 16 years and over .................................................. 78,407 78,423 77,501 78,229 77,954 77,794 77,823 77,632 77,396

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 2,779 3,118 2,657 2,897 2,953 2,795 2,729 2,766 2,764

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 1,040 1,100 945 1,065 990 938 931 947 960

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 1,738 2,018 1,712 1,833 1,946 1,879 1,799 1,831 1,811

 20 years and over ......................................................... 75,628 75,305 74,844 75,332 75,001 74,998 75,094 74,866 74,631

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 7,235 7,377 7,114 7,294 7,250 7,202 7,179 7,165 7,173

 25 years and over ....................................................... 68,393 67,928 67,731 68,029 67,742 67,832 67,952 67,758 67,449

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 54,511 53,661 53,424 54,237 53,652 53,605 53,643 53,480 53,222

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 17,588 17,326 17,243 17,455 17,309 17,298 17,245 17,221 17,138

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 18,653 18,157 18,096 18,567 18,147 18,133 18,122 18,092 18,030

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 18,269 18,179 18,085 18,215 18,196 18,174 18,276 18,167 18,054

 55 years and over ..................................................... 13,882 14,267 14,307 13,792 14,091 14,227 14,309 14,278 14,227

Women, 16 years and over ............................................ 68,041 67,485 67,809 68,030 68,092 68,097 67,996 67,845 67,860

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 2,871 3,024 2,660 2,998 2,954 2,859 2,829 2,798 2,787

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 1,178 1,147 1,061 1,198 1,050 1,028 1,043 1,041 1,068

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 1,693 1,877 1,599 1,807 1,861 1,799 1,820 1,739 1,735

 20 years and over ......................................................... 65,170 64,462 65,149 65,033 65,138 65,238 65,167 65,047 65,072

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 6,613 6,577 6,387 6,680 6,454 6,518 6,544 6,518 6,464

 25 years and over ....................................................... 58,557 57,885 58,762 58,452 58,652 58,733 58,660 58,523 58,643

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 46,303 45,448 46,110 46,238 46,122 46,208 46,090 45,865 46,014

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 14,129 14,118 14,248 14,143 14,236 14,190 14,224 14,246 14,259

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 15,681 15,038 15,301 15,652 15,555 15,559 15,491 15,195 15,269

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 16,492 16,292 16,561 16,444 16,332 16,459 16,376 16,424 16,486

 55 years and over ..................................................... 12,254 12,437 12,652 12,214 12,529 12,525 12,570 12,658 12,629

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present ......................................... 46,244 45,767 45,953 46,235 45,862 45,911 46,120 45,829 45,958

Married women, spouse present .................................... 35,796 35,478 35,955 35,712 36,171 36,270 36,185 36,055 35,913

Women who maintain families ........................................ 9,618 9,036 9,312 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers 2 ......................................................... 121,728 121,556 120,213 121,387 120,989 120,542 120,537 119,908 119,928

Part-time workers 3 ......................................................... 24,720 24,353 25,097 24,966 24,970 25,419 25,431 25,649 25,366

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders ................................................. 7,621 7,706 7,724 7,510 7,679 7,794 7,757 8,055 7,657

 Percent of total employed ........................................... 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.1 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.5 5.3

1 Data not available. 2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more

per week. 3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35

hours per week.

 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the

various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the 

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates 1

Sept.

2007

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

Sept.

2007

May

2008

June

2008

July

2008

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over ................................................. 7,246 9,376 9,477 4.7 5.5 5.5 5.7 6.1 6.1

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 1,126 1,299 1,313 16.0 18.7 18.1 20.3 18.9 19.1

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 519 564 559 18.6 21.2 23.3 24.9 22.1 21.6

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 607 739 759 14.3 17.5 15.6 17.3 17.1 17.6

 20 years and over ......................................................... 6,120 8,077 8,164 4.2 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.5 5.5

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 1,342 1,612 1,605 8.8 10.4 10.1 10.2 10.5 10.5

 25 years and over ....................................................... 4,813 6,507 6,630 3.7 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.9 5.0

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 3,966 5,333 5,465 3.8 4.4 4.5 4.6 5.1 5.2

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 1,622 2,076 2,055 4.9 5.3 5.4 5.6 6.2 6.1

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 1,205 1,723 1,816 3.4 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.9 5.2

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 1,139 1,533 1,593 3.2 3.7 3.8 3.7 4.2 4.4

 55 years and over ..................................................... 840 1,161 1,162 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.6 4.1 4.1

Men, 16 years and over .................................................. 4,008 5,176 5,549 4.9 5.6 5.7 6.1 6.3 6.7

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 650 724 737 18.3 20.7 19.9 23.4 20.7 21.0

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 298 300 287 21.9 23.3 26.2 29.4 24.0 23.0

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 355 418 457 16.2 19.6 17.1 19.9 18.6 20.1

 20 years and over ......................................................... 3,357 4,452 4,813 4.3 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.6 6.1

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 765 933 933 9.5 11.0 11.2 11.6 11.5 11.5

 25 years and over ....................................................... 2,586 3,542 3,917 3.7 4.2 4.3 4.6 5.0 5.5

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 2,122 2,909 3,259 3.8 4.4 4.6 4.9 5.2 5.8

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 903 1,173 1,251 4.9 5.4 5.4 6.1 6.4 6.8

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 634 926 1,070 3.3 4.1 4.5 4.9 4.9 5.6

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 584 810 939 3.1 3.7 3.8 3.8 4.3 4.9

 55 years and over ..................................................... 464 633 658 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.7 4.2 4.4

Women, 16 years and over ............................................ 3,238 4,201 3,928 4.5 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.8 5.5

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 476 576 576 13.7 16.6 16.3 17.1 17.1 17.1

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 221 264 272 15.6 19.0 20.3 20.4 20.2 20.3

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 253 320 302 12.3 15.2 13.9 14.6 15.6 14.8

 20 years and over ......................................................... 2,762 3,625 3,351 4.1 4.8 4.7 4.6 5.3 4.9

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 577 679 672 7.9 9.6 8.8 8.7 9.4 9.4

 25 years and over ....................................................... 2,227 2,965 2,713 3.7 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.8 4.4

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 1,844 2,423 2,205 3.8 4.4 4.4 4.3 5.0 4.6

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 719 903 805 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.0 6.0 5.3

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 570 797 746 3.5 4.4 4.2 4.3 5.0 4.7

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 555 723 655 3.3 3.8 3.7 3.7 4.2 3.8

 55 years and over 2 .................................................. 379 587 516 3.0 2.8 3.4 4.3 4.5 3.9

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present ......................................... 1,181 1,646 1,826 2.5 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.8

Married women, spouse present .................................... 1,053 1,390 1,285 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.7 3.5

Women who maintain families 2 ..................................... 658 954 830 6.4 6.9 7.9 8.5 9.6 8.2

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers 3 ......................................................... 6,053 7,928 7,980 4.7 5.5 5.5 5.7 6.2 6.2

Part-time workers 4 ......................................................... 1,241 1,543 1,577 4.7 5.5 5.4 5.5 5.7 5.9

1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. 2 Not seasonally adjusted. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to

work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to

work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not 

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the 

various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2007

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

Sept.

2007

May

2008

June

2008

July

2008

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs 3,208 4,735 4,699 3,622 4,282 4,370 4,407 4,824 5,171

On temporary layoff .................................................... 613 1,126 904 963 1,113 1,077 1,037 1,266 1,407

Not on temporary layoff .............................................. 2,595 3,609 3,795 2,660 3,169 3,292 3,370 3,559 3,764

Permanent job losers .............................................. 1,831 2,656 2,814 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Persons who completed temporary jobs ................ 764 953 980 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Job leavers ..................................................................... 902 1,105 1,075 839 870 833 861 999 974

Reentrants ...................................................................... 2,190 2,729 2,624 2,154 2,460 2,498 2,705 2,652 2,555

New entrants .................................................................. 652 909 801 685 828 748 811 820 822

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ........................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Job losers and persons who completed temporary

jobs ............................................................................. 46.1 50.0 51.1 49.6 50.7 51.7 50.2 51.9 54.3

On temporary layoff .................................................. 8.8 11.9 9.8 13.2 13.2 12.7 11.8 13.6 14.8

Not on temporary layoff ............................................ 37.3 38.1 41.3 36.4 37.5 39.0 38.4 38.3 39.5

Job leavers ................................................................... 13.0 11.7 11.7 11.5 10.3 9.9 9.8 10.7 10.2

Reentrants .................................................................... 31.5 28.8 28.5 29.5 29.1 29.6 30.8 28.5 26.8

New entrants ................................................................ 9.4 9.6 8.7 9.4 9.8 8.9 9.2 8.8 8.6

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary

jobs ............................................................................. 2.1 3.0 3.0 2.4 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.3

Job leavers ................................................................... .6 .7 .7 .5 .6 .5 .6 .6 .6

Reentrants .................................................................... 1.4 1.8 1.7 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7

New entrants ................................................................ .4 .6 .5 .4 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5

1 Data not available.

 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2007

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

Sept.

2007

May

2008

June

2008

July

2008

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks .............................................................................. 2,563 3,142 2,851 2,537 3,244 2,712 2,835 3,235 2,853

5 to 14 weeks ..................................................................................... 2,118 2,999 2,840 2,330 2,469 2,999 2,823 2,821 3,051

15 weeks and over ............................................................................. 2,271 3,338 3,508 2,392 2,773 2,916 3,118 3,402 3,607

 15 to 26 weeks ................................................................................ 1,009 1,468 1,491 1,112 1,223 1,328 1,440 1,561 1,598

 27 weeks and over .......................................................................... 1,261 1,870 2,018 1,280 1,550 1,587 1,678 1,841 2,008

Average (mean) duration, in weeks .................................................... 16.7 17.6 19.1 16.6 16.6 17.5 17.1 17.4 18.4

Median duration, in weeks .................................................................. 8.7 9.5 10.3 8.9 8.3 10.0 9.7 9.2 10.2

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ............................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

 Less than 5 weeks ............................................................................ 36.9 33.1 31.0 34.9 38.2 31.4 32.3 34.2 30.0

 5 to 14 weeks ................................................................................... 30.5 31.6 30.9 32.1 29.1 34.8 32.2 29.8 32.1

 15 weeks and over ........................................................................... 32.7 35.2 38.1 33.0 32.7 33.8 35.5 36.0 37.9

 15 to 26 weeks ............................................................................... 14.5 15.5 16.2 15.3 14.4 15.4 16.4 16.5 16.8

 27 weeks and over ......................................................................... 18.1 19.7 21.9 17.6 18.3 18.4 19.1 19.5 21.1

 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Sept.

2007

Sept.

2008

Sept.

2007

Sept.

2008

Sept.

2007

Sept.

2008

 Total, 16 years and over 1 ....................................................... 146,448 145,310 6,952 9,199 4.5 6.0

Management, professional, and related occupations ............. 51,908 53,104 1,098 1,539 2.1 2.8

 Management, business, and financial operations

occupations .................................................................................... 21,528 22,364 401 648 1.8 2.8

 Professional and related occupations ...................................... 30,380 30,741 697 890 2.2 2.8

Service occupations ....................................................................... 24,659 24,544 1,509 1,810 5.8 6.9

Sales and office occupations ....................................................... 35,761 35,287 1,648 2,074 4.4 5.6

 Sales and related occupations .................................................. 16,277 16,232 901 984 5.2 5.7

 Office and administrative support occupations ...................... 19,484 19,055 747 1,091 3.7 5.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations .................................................................................... 15,926 14,941 885 1,288 5.3 7.9

 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................. 969 1,063 59 92 5.7 8.0

 Construction and extraction occupations ................................ 9,503 8,744 633 946 6.2 9.8

 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ................ 5,454 5,134 193 250 3.4 4.6

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations .................................................................................... 18,194 17,434 1,135 1,666 5.9 8.7

 Production occupations .............................................................. 9,371 8,830 542 830 5.5 8.6

 Transportation and material moving occupations ................. 8,823 8,605 592 836 6.3 8.9

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Sept.

2007

Sept.

2008

Sept.

2007

Sept.

2008

 Total, 16 years and over 1 .................................................... 6,952 9,199 4.5 6.0

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers .................... 5,418 7,328 4.6 6.1

 Mining ............................................................................................. 25 25 3.2 2.8

 Construction .................................................................................. 596 970 5.8 9.9

 Manufacturing ............................................................................... 673 984 4.1 6.0

 Durable goods ............................................................................ 407 688 3.9 6.5

 Nondurable goods ..................................................................... 266 296 4.3 5.1

 Wholesale and retail trade ......................................................... 1,027 1,277 5.1 6.2

 Transportation and utilities ......................................................... 224 337 3.7 5.8

 Information ..................................................................................... 124 166 3.7 5.0

 Financial activities ........................................................................ 316 380 3.3 4.0

 Professional and business services ......................................... 655 951 4.7 6.9

 Education and health services .................................................. 630 835 3.2 4.1

 Leisure and hospitality ................................................................ 892 1,029 7.4 8.2

 Other services ............................................................................... 257 374 4.2 5.8

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers ...... 53 84 4.3 5.8

Government workers ..................................................................... 525 573 2.4 2.6

Self employed and unpaid family workers ................................. 304 414 2.8 3.9

1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total.

 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

(Percent)

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2007

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

Sept.

2007

May

2008

June

2008

July

2008

Aug.

2008

Sept.

2008

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the

civilian labor force ..................................................................... 1.5 2.1 2.3 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a

percent of the civilian labor force .............................................. 2.1 3.0 3.0 2.4 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.3

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force

(official unemployment rate) ................................................. 4.5 6.1 6.0 4.7 5.5 5.5 5.7 6.1 6.1

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the

civilian labor force plus discouraged workers ........................... 4.7 6.3 6.2 4.9 5.7 5.8 6.0 6.3 6.4

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other

marginally attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus all marginally attached workers ................................ 5.3 7.1 6.9 5.5 6.4 6.4 6.6 7.0 7.1

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus

total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent

of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers 8.0 10.7 10.6 8.4 9.7 9.9 10.3 10.7 11.0

 NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither

working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job

and have looked for work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a

subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not

looking currently for a job. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are

those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a

part-time schedule. For more information, see "BLS introduces new range of

alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly

Labor Review. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the 

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Category

Total Men Women

Sept.

2007

Sept.

2008

Sept.

2007

Sept.

2008

Sept.

2007

Sept.

2008

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force .................................................................. 79,061 79,851 30,439 30,760 48,622 49,091

 Persons who currently want a job ...................................................... 4,503 4,895 1,956 2,133 2,548 2,763

Searched for work and available to work now 1 ........................... 1,268 1,604 657 793 611 811

Reason not currently looking:

Discouragement over job prospects 2 .................................. 276 467 168 265 108 203

Reasons other than discouragement 3 ................................. 992 1,137 489 529 503 608

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders 4 .................................................................. 7,621 7,724 3,823 3,997 3,798 3,727

 Percent of total employed ............................................................... 5.2 5.3 4.9 5.2 5.6 5.5

 Primary job full time, secondary job part time ................................. 4,266 4,199 2,325 2,417 1,941 1,782

 Primary and secondary jobs both part time .................................... 1,652 1,844 480 638 1,173 1,206

 Primary and secondary jobs both full time ...................................... 275 299 193 194 82 105

 Hours vary on primary or secondary job ......................................... 1,385 1,335 804 717 581 618

1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and

were available to take a job during the reference week. 2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training,

employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such

reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as

well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their

secondary job(s), not shown separately.

 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Sept. 

2007

 July 

2008

 Aug. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2007

 May 

2008

 June 

2008

 July 

2008

 Aug. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2008p

Change

from:

Aug. 2008-

Sept. 2008p

Total nonfarm ............................. 138,075 137,259 137,231 137,476 137,837 137,717 137,617 137,550 137,477 137,318 -159

Total private ........................................ 116,013 115,968 115,856 115,103 115,610 115,264 115,154 115,048 114,944 114,776 -168

Goods-producing ............................................ 22,437 21,778 21,792 21,601 22,138 21,577 21,491 21,437 21,380 21,303 -77

Natural resources and mining .................................. 736 790 806 808 727 760 768 777 789 798 9

Logging ........................................................... 62.6 59.3 60.6 62.2 59.7 59.5 57.3 57.7 58.3 59.6 1.3

Mining .................................................................... 673.8 731.1 745.1 745.9 667.4 700.6 710.2 719.4 730.3 738.5 8.2

Oil and gas extraction ........................................ 147.0 164.7 166.9 166.0 147.3 158.3 160.1 162.4 164.5 165.9 1.4

Mining, except oil and gas1................................. 231.5 239.4 242.3 238.9 226.7 229.6 230.9 231.3 233.6 233.5 -.1

Coal mining ...................................................... 77.7 81.8 83.9 84.2 78.0 80.5 81.3 81.2 83.5 84.2 .7

Support activities for mining .............................. 295.3 327.0 335.9 341.0 293.4 312.7 319.2 325.7 332.2 339.1 6.9

Construction ............................................................. 7,811 7,462 7,465 7,350 7,589 7,246 7,196 7,173 7,160 7,125 -35

Construction of buildings ................................... 1,786.0 1,669.6 1,671.1 1,635.0 1,749.4 1,634.9 1,621.5 1,618.3 1,614.9 1,596.8 -18.1

Residential building ......................................... 961.4 867.5 864.3 844.0 940.6 855.5 845.0 837.6 832.7 822.0 -10.7

Nonresidential building .................................... 824.6 802.1 806.8 791.0 808.8 779.4 776.5 780.7 782.2 774.8 -7.4

Heavy and civil engineering construction ........ 1,058.2 1,016.4 1,015.2 1,003.6 998.8 965.3 959.5 955.5 950.1 944.6 -5.5

Specialty trade contractors ............................... 4,966.9 4,775.8 4,778.8 4,711.4 4,840.3 4,645.6 4,615.1 4,598.7 4,595.1 4,583.6 -11.5

Residential specialty trade contractors ........... 2,334.7 2,159.5 2,142.1 2,113.1 2,280.6 2,094.7 2,077.2 2,070.0 2,060.1 2,057.9 -2.2

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors ..... 2,632.2 2,616.3 2,636.7 2,598.3 2,559.7 2,550.9 2,537.9 2,528.7 2,535.0 2,525.7 -9.3

Manufacturing ........................................................... 13,890 13,526 13,521 13,443 13,822 13,571 13,527 13,487 13,431 13,380 -51

Production workers ....................................... 10,020 9,717 9,718 9,640 9,958 9,784 9,738 9,692 9,643 9,587 -56

Durable goods ....................................................... 8,799 8,539 8,526 8,467 8,778 8,594 8,564 8,541 8,489 8,452 -37

Production workers ....................................... 6,263 6,024 6,017 5,953 6,245 6,100 6,064 6,033 5,988 5,943 -45

Wood products ................................................... 518.9 483.0 477.4 468.1 513.1 482.4 477.3 473.3 467.8 463.3 -4.5

Nonmetallic mineral products ............................ 509.0 487.7 487.0 481.2 501.0 482.1 479.3 476.6 476.0 473.4 -2.6

Primary metals .................................................... 452.8 445.4 443.7 444.5 451.6 448.7 446.8 446.0 442.1 443.5 1.4

Fabricated metal products ................................. 1,566.0 1,533.1 1,539.3 1,528.8 1,565.0 1,544.2 1,537.1 1,531.8 1,534.4 1,527.1 -7.3

Machinery ........................................................... 1,183.4 1,203.7 1,194.7 1,184.9 1,186.2 1,195.1 1,194.4 1,196.5 1,192.7 1,188.7 -4.0

1 Computer and electronic products .................... 1,260.3 1,251.3 1,253.0 1,248.0 1,260.5 1,250.1 1,247.1 1,246.1 1,249.0 1,249.0 .0

Computer and peripheral equipment ............. 185.8 185.8 185.7 186.1 185.9 186.2 184.6 185.1 185.8 186.2 .4

Communications equipment ........................... 127.9 130.8 130.7 130.4 128.5 130.4 131.8 130.8 131.2 131.0 -.2

Semiconductors and electronic components . 437.2 425.6 426.0 424.8 437.4 424.2 422.1 423.2 424.5 425.2 .7

Electronic instruments ..................................... 442.1 445.9 447.6 444.7 442.0 445.6 444.9 444.1 444.9 444.8 -.1

Electrical equipment and appliances ................ 426.7 424.9 421.2 417.1 426.0 422.1 422.0 422.4 418.8 416.4 -2.4

1 Transportation equipment .................................. 1,712.7 1,588.6 1,587.8 1,578.5 1,706.1 1,636.8 1,631.9 1,624.8 1,588.5 1,575.6 -12.9

Motor vehicles and parts2................................. 998.1 864.0 866.5 854.7 989.6 908.4 902.8 902.2 867.8 849.6 -18.2

Furniture and related products .......................... 531.6 497.0 490.7 483.9 530.6 503.5 499.5 495.6 488.8 483.5 -5.3

Miscellaneous manufacturing ............................ 637.9 624.6 630.9 631.7 637.6 629.1 628.8 627.7 630.7 631.1 .4

Nondurable goods ................................................. 5,091 4,987 4,995 4,976 5,044 4,977 4,963 4,946 4,942 4,928 -14

Production workers ....................................... 3,757 3,693 3,701 3,687 3,713 3,684 3,674 3,659 3,655 3,644 -11

Food manufacturing ........................................... 1,509.7 1,491.3 1,506.4 1,512.3 1,476.0 1,473.5 1,472.4 1,469.8 1,472.4 1,475.8 3.4

Beverages and tobacco products ...................... 201.1 198.0 197.2 196.5 195.7 193.7 192.5 192.2 191.6 191.0 -.6

Textile mills ......................................................... 165.5 148.9 150.2 149.4 164.8 155.1 152.2 149.9 150.3 149.0 -1.3

Textile product mills ........................................... 155.6 148.6 147.5 147.6 156.3 151.0 149.3 148.7 147.9 148.1 .2

Apparel ................................................................ 211.2 196.0 198.0 197.1 209.2 196.6 196.4 195.9 197.2 194.8 -2.4

Leather and allied products ............................... 34.0 33.1 35.1 35.5 34.0 33.7 34.6 33.9 35.2 35.1 -.1

Paper and paper products ................................. 459.1 458.4 453.6 448.4 459.0 458.1 456.6 454.9 452.4 449.4 -3.0

Printing and related support activities ............... 623.2 599.0 599.2 596.4 623.0 607.3 601.9 598.9 599.4 596.6 -2.8

Petroleum and coal products ............................. 115.0 118.1 117.3 116.0 112.9 113.4 113.8 114.6 114.1 113.7 -.4

Chemicals ........................................................... 865.6 863.4 859.7 851.7 864.3 861.6 859.8 857.1 854.9 852.0 -2.9

Plastics and rubber products ............................. 750.8 731.7 730.4 724.6 748.4 732.8 733.9 730.2 726.6 722.3 -4.3

See footnotes at the end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Sept. 

2007

 July 

2008

 Aug. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2007

 May 

2008

 June 

2008

 July 

2008

 Aug. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2008p

Change

from:

Aug. 2008-

Sept. 2008p

Service-providing .............................................. 115,638 115,481 115,439 115,875 115,699 116,140 116,126 116,113 116,097 116,015 -82

Private service-providing ............................... 93,576 94,190 94,064 93,502 93,472 93,687 93,663 93,611 93,564 93,473 -91

Trade, transportation, and utilities ........................... 26,584 26,378 26,335 26,221 26,649 26,451 26,431 26,393 26,356 26,298 -58

Wholesale trade .................................................... 6,056.6 6,050.8 6,024.2 6,004.3 6,055.6 6,038.4 6,034.6 6,017.6 6,008.3 6,004.2 -4.1

Durable goods .................................................... 3,140.7 3,111.7 3,094.3 3,081.7 3,143.4 3,109.8 3,103.6 3,094.3 3,086.6 3,084.2 -2.4

Nondurable goods .............................................. 2,085.0 2,092.2 2,082.7 2,073.2 2,078.5 2,089.3 2,088.4 2,078.4 2,074.3 2,068.7 -5.6

Electronic markets and agents and brokers ..... 830.9 846.9 847.2 849.4 833.7 839.3 842.6 844.9 847.4 851.3 3.9

Retail trade ............................................................ 15,387.6 15,286.7 15,274.1 15,127.1 15,487.3 15,331.8 15,324.2 15,302.4 15,277.0 15,236.9 -40.1

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1........................ 1,927.1 1,888.9 1,871.6 1,855.6 1,916.0 1,892.9 1,883.3 1,870.6 1,855.6 1,845.4 -10.2

Automobile dealers ......................................... 1,252.3 1,212.1 1,197.6 1,186.6 1,246.6 1,224.2 1,215.2 1,204.3 1,191.2 1,182.6 -8.6

Furniture and home furnishings stores ............. 568.2 561.3 561.1 556.5 576.2 568.5 568.9 569.2 567.3 565.0 -2.3

Electronics and appliance stores ....................... 532.7 528.1 527.4 522.1 540.1 539.3 534.9 535.2 534.7 530.8 -3.9

Building material and garden supply stores ...... 1,283.6 1,270.0 1,256.0 1,225.6 1,291.9 1,240.3 1,238.2 1,230.1 1,234.7 1,231.4 -3.3

Food and beverage stores ................................. 2,854.4 2,896.8 2,877.0 2,854.3 2,856.0 2,880.7 2,879.2 2,879.5 2,868.8 2,863.0 -5.8

Health and personal care stores ....................... 987.3 986.7 983.8 981.2 990.1 990.9 990.4 990.0 985.4 986.2 .8

Gasoline stations ................................................ 870.5 853.6 852.4 839.3 864.2 841.2 844.4 841.3 840.2 834.5 -5.7

Clothing and clothing accessories stores ......... 1,472.9 1,490.5 1,517.4 1,472.3 1,502.4 1,494.5 1,494.8 1,494.8 1,498.3 1,500.9 2.6

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores ................................................................ 660.8 625.2 648.9 647.0 665.1 653.2 654.5 649.3 654.1 651.4 -2.7

1 General merchandise stores ............................. 2,922.9 2,908.9 2,904.6 2,884.2 2,976.5 2,928.5 2,939.6 2,948.4 2,946.4 2,935.3 -11.1

Department stores .......................................... 1,530.8 1,481.9 1,474.3 1,461.3 1,570.5 1,514.7 1,516.3 1,517.2 1,511.1 1,500.3 -10.8

Miscellaneous store retailers ............................. 873.5 857.7 853.3 858.7 873.3 860.8 858.9 857.4 856.4 857.5 1.1

Nonstore retailers ............................................... 433.7 419.0 420.6 430.3 435.5 441.0 437.1 436.6 435.1 435.5 .4

Transportation and warehousing .......................... 4,585.7 4,476.3 4,473.4 4,527.5 4,551.2 4,524.1 4,514.0 4,513.6 4,510.5 4,494.4 -16.1

Air transportation ................................................ 497.8 498.6 494.8 488.5 494.5 501.3 497.6 495.2 491.0 486.4 -4.6

Rail transportation .............................................. 235.3 233.0 232.1 232.1 234.6 233.0 230.0 232.1 230.2 231.4 1.2

Water transportation ........................................... 66.6 64.7 63.9 60.9 65.0 61.3 61.8 61.9 60.6 59.6 -1.0

Truck transportation ........................................... 1,458.4 1,413.2 1,421.5 1,405.8 1,440.6 1,409.8 1,400.1 1,398.3 1,401.1 1,388.8 -12.3

Transit and ground passenger transportation ... 427.7 354.9 351.8 435.2 417.8 412.9 416.4 417.1 418.8 422.6 3.8

Pipeline transportation ....................................... 39.8 43.7 43.2 43.0 40.1 42.2 42.8 43.3 43.0 43.3 .3

Scenic and sightseeing transportation .............. 34.7 39.7 39.0 34.7 29.8 31.1 31.3 30.6 30.5 30.3 -.2

Support activities for transportation ................... 585.3 591.1 591.8 589.3 586.5 587.1 587.0 590.3 590.7 589.8 -.9

Couriers and messengers .................................. 577.3 581.3 577.9 578.6 580.3 587.2 587.7 586.5 587.1 584.9 -2.2

Warehousing and storage .................................. 662.8 656.1 657.4 659.4 662.0 658.2 659.3 658.3 657.5 657.3 -.2

Utilities ................................................................... 554.2 564.5 562.9 562.4 554.8 557.1 558.1 559.8 559.7 562.6 2.9

Information ................................................................ 3,016 2,997 2,988 2,966 3,031 3,002 2,997 2,988 2,983 2,980 -3

Publishing industries, except Internet ............... 890.9 875.7 871.7 866.0 893.7 879.7 877.0 873.0 870.6 868.8 -1.8

Motion picture and sound recording industries . 378.5 385.9 383.9 375.9 384.3 380.9 382.0 379.1 379.0 380.7 1.7

Broadcasting, except Internet ............................ 327.8 320.8 319.1 321.0 327.0 321.2 319.6 320.4 318.3 319.8 1.5

Telecommunications .......................................... 1,019.8 1,016.0 1,014.7 1,008.4 1,024.4 1,017.7 1,018.9 1,016.1 1,016.3 1,012.9 -3.4

Data processing, hosting and related services . 271.3 267.4 266.3 264.9 273.1 272.1 269.8 268.3 267.7 266.8 -.9

Other information services ................................. 128.0 131.6 132.1 130.0 128.8 130.1 130.0 130.8 131.3 130.5 -.8

Financial activities .................................................... 8,282 8,279 8,258 8,172 8,294 8,226 8,213 8,206 8,201 8,184 -17

Finance and insurance .......................................... 6,115.7 6,105.4 6,088.7 6,046.3 6,136.0 6,098.8 6,088.0 6,081.1 6,078.7 6,067.6 -11.1

Monetary authorities - central bank ................... 20.8 21.1 21.0 20.8 20.9 21.0 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.9 .0

1 Credit intermediation and related activities ....... 2,840.6 2,799.5 2,789.6 2,773.5 2,856.7 2,800.5 2,794.0 2,788.6 2,786.9 2,789.4 2.5

1 Depository credit intermediation ..................... 1,824.7 1,824.1 1,821.3 1,806.1 1,831.0 1,820.6 1,818.1 1,815.3 1,814.3 1,812.2 -2.1

Commercial banking .................................... 1,344.9 1,347.0 1,345.6 1,335.4 1,350.1 1,343.4 1,343.1 1,340.9 1,340.8 1,340.7 -.1

Securities, commodity contracts, investments .. 852.9 862.9 865.3 853.2 853.2 866.6 866.0 860.6 862.2 854.4 -7.8

Insurance carriers and related activities ........... 2,313.4 2,333.9 2,324.3 2,310.6 2,317.0 2,323.2 2,319.2 2,323.2 2,320.3 2,314.7 -5.6

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles ........ 88.0 88.0 88.5 88.2 88.2 87.5 87.9 87.8 88.4 88.2 -.2

Real estate and rental and leasing ....................... 2,166.1 2,173.9 2,169.7 2,125.9 2,157.7 2,127.3 2,125.1 2,125.3 2,122.4 2,116.0 -6.4

Real estate .......................................................... 1,493.6 1,492.7 1,497.5 1,466.1 1,489.8 1,466.4 1,466.2 1,463.7 1,464.8 1,460.0 -4.8

Rental and leasing services ............................... 642.2 648.0 640.0 627.4 637.8 629.5 627.2 629.3 625.5 623.7 -1.8

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets ......... 30.3 33.2 32.2 32.4 30.1 31.4 31.7 32.3 32.1 32.3 .2

See footnotes at the end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Sept. 

2007

 July 

2008

 Aug. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2007

 May 

2008

 June 

2008

 July 

2008

 Aug. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2008p

Change

from:

Aug. 2008-

Sept. 2008p

Professional and business services ........................ 18,133 18,022 18,016 17,933 18,000 17,982 17,927 17,904 17,861 17,834 -27

1 Professional and technical services ..................... 7,655.9 7,834.4 7,816.4 7,789.3 7,729.7 7,839.1 7,850.3 7,855.4 7,861.2 7,873.3 12.1

Legal services .................................................. 1,170.2 1,183.9 1,171.1 1,156.6 1,178.6 1,172.2 1,171.3 1,168.8 1,167.1 1,165.1 -2.0

Accounting and bookkeeping services ........... 891.0 896.0 892.8 897.1 964.5 973.8 978.0 976.3 977.7 976.4 -1.3

Architectural and engineering services .......... 1,449.8 1,491.5 1,487.7 1,467.7 1,443.2 1,464.9 1,466.2 1,466.0 1,466.1 1,462.8 -3.3

Computer systems design and related

services .......................................................... 1,372.2 1,421.6 1,426.3 1,431.3 1,375.5 1,408.9 1,411.7 1,419.7 1,425.8 1,434.3 8.5

Management and technical consulting

services .......................................................... 968.4 1,024.0 1,025.2 1,030.2 967.2 1,006.9 1,014.6 1,019.0 1,020.5 1,029.3 8.8

Management of companies and enterprises ....... 1,850.5 1,841.6 1,841.4 1,823.8 1,854.7 1,836.4 1,837.8 1,830.2 1,830.3 1,825.8 -4.5

Administrative and waste services ....................... 8,626.5 8,346.1 8,357.9 8,320.3 8,415.3 8,306.0 8,239.2 8,218.1 8,169.4 8,134.8 -34.6

1 Administrative and support services ................. 8,266.3 7,972.2 7,983.8 7,951.2 8,057.4 7,939.8 7,873.5 7,852.3 7,801.6 7,767.3 -34.3

1 Employment services ...................................... 3,672.2 3,337.6 3,373.6 3,380.9 3,533.0 3,421.8 3,363.3 3,339.9 3,292.5 3,263.6 -28.9

Temporary help services ............................. 2,682.1 2,383.3 2,413.7 2,429.9 2,565.1 2,451.6 2,415.3 2,391.6 2,356.5 2,332.4 -24.1

Business support services .............................. 797.2 778.5 775.2 776.1 802.7 789.2 785.2 786.2 784.6 783.8 -.8

Services to buildings and dwellings ............... 1,930.8 1,987.9 1,972.9 1,932.1 1,863.2 1,865.9 1,867.4 1,864.4 1,866.5 1,863.8 -2.7

Waste management and remediation services 360.2 373.9 374.1 369.1 357.9 366.2 365.7 365.8 367.8 367.5 -.3

Education and health services ................................ 18,372 18,593 18,653 18,947 18,451 18,820 18,891 18,935 18,994 19,019 25

Educational services ............................................. 2,917.5 2,776.9 2,785.8 3,086.8 2,967.7 3,047.3 3,099.2 3,111.6 3,127.0 3,131.2 4.2

Health care and social assistance ........................15,454.1 15,815.7 15,867.2 15,860.6 15,483.0 15,772.4 15,791.3 15,823.3 15,867.1 15,887.7 20.6

3 Health care ......................................................... 13,019.6 13,372.3 13,405.2 13,373.3 13,027.5 13,274.7 13,298.3 13,333.1 13,362.2 13,378.8 16.6

1 Ambulatory health care services .................... 5,514.5 5,699.0 5,720.2 5,716.2 5,523.1 5,649.9 5,667.7 5,693.2 5,706.4 5,721.3 14.9

Offices of physicians .................................... 2,216.5 2,283.3 2,286.8 2,284.9 2,219.1 2,265.2 2,273.1 2,281.1 2,282.9 2,287.6 4.7

Outpatient care centers ................................ 507.5 520.5 522.8 517.7 509.3 516.6 516.7 520.3 522.5 519.5 -3.0

Home health care services .......................... 924.3 963.1 969.7 968.1 925.2 951.0 954.5 960.8 964.6 966.7 2.1

Hospitals .......................................................... 4,543.0 4,678.0 4,684.3 4,673.3 4,541.6 4,635.0 4,642.9 4,653.5 4,667.4 4,670.9 3.5

1 Nursing and residential care facilities ............ 2,962.1 2,995.3 3,000.7 2,983.8 2,962.8 2,989.8 2,987.7 2,986.4 2,988.4 2,986.6 -1.8

Nursing care facilities ................................... 1,606.7 1,608.9 1,610.2 1,601.9 1,604.3 1,612.1 1,608.9 1,606.5 1,605.2 1,601.4 -3.8

1 Social assistance ................................................ 2,434.5 2,443.4 2,462.0 2,487.3 2,455.5 2,497.7 2,493.0 2,490.2 2,504.9 2,508.9 4.0

Child day care services ................................... 851.9 790.0 806.1 848.4 857.4 860.2 848.8 842.2 849.2 853.1 3.9

Leisure and hospitality ............................................. 13,712 14,324 14,253 13,753 13,552 13,679 13,679 13,655 13,645 13,628 -17

Arts, entertainment, and recreation ...................... 2,045.2 2,306.7 2,264.3 2,029.8 1,985.3 2,013.1 2,011.7 1,999.5 1,995.4 1,984.4 -11.0

Performing arts and spectator sports ................ 427.6 462.2 465.4 437.5 414.3 434.7 438.0 433.1 433.0 429.0 -4.0

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks ...... 134.2 147.1 143.0 132.5 131.6 133.9 132.7 132.1 131.9 130.8 -1.1

Amusements, gambling, and recreation ........... 1,483.4 1,697.4 1,655.9 1,459.8 1,439.4 1,444.5 1,441.0 1,434.3 1,430.5 1,424.6 -5.9

Accommodation and food services ...................... 11,667.1 12,016.9 11,989.1 11,722.9 11,567.0 11,665.8 11,667.4 11,655.6 11,649.1 11,643.4 -5.7

Accommodation .................................................. 1,891.3 1,976.6 1,957.4 1,859.9 1,856.4 1,849.0 1,843.4 1,835.8 1,827.5 1,826.6 -.9

Food services and drinking places .................... 9,775.8 10,040.3 10,031.7 9,863.0 9,710.6 9,816.8 9,824.0 9,819.8 9,821.6 9,816.8 -4.8

Other services .......................................................... 5,477 5,597 5,561 5,510 5,495 5,527 5,525 5,530 5,524 5,530 6

Repair and maintenance .................................... 1,264.3 1,250.4 1,237.6 1,237.6 1,262.5 1,251.7 1,245.6 1,243.8 1,234.4 1,236.6 2.2

Personal and laundry services .......................... 1,302.1 1,323.7 1,324.7 1,317.0 1,304.4 1,310.6 1,312.8 1,315.1 1,318.1 1,319.0 .9

Membership associations and organizations .... 2,910.3 3,023.0 2,998.3 2,955.2 2,927.6 2,964.3 2,966.5 2,970.8 2,971.3 2,974.8 3.5

Government .............................................................. 22,062 21,291 21,375 22,373 22,227 22,453 22,463 22,502 22,533 22,542 9

Federal ................................................................... 2,729 2,776 2,767 2,758 2,721 2,740 2,744 2,750 2,747 2,750 3

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service ................. 1,968.9 2,043.4 2,048.0 2,040.7 1,961.4 2,006.5 2,013.1 2,018.6 2,025.2 2,031.8 6.6

U.S. Postal Service ............................................ 759.9 732.3 719.4 717.4 759.3 733.3 731.0 731.5 721.6 717.8 -3.8

State government .................................................. 5,139 4,911 4,938 5,215 5,138 5,174 5,179 5,193 5,203 5,208 5

State government education .............................. 2,333.6 2,059.1 2,080.8 2,393.3 2,327.7 2,344.4 2,354.3 2,366.7 2,372.2 2,379.7 7.5

State government, excluding education ............ 2,805.0 2,851.9 2,857.3 2,821.7 2,810.3 2,829.7 2,824.9 2,826.5 2,830.7 2,828.6 -2.1

Local government .................................................. 14,194 13,604 13,670 14,400 14,368 14,539 14,540 14,559 14,583 14,584 1

Local government education ............................. 7,803.9 6,896.4 7,014.0 7,931.1 7,970.6 8,060.0 8,053.2 8,072.5 8,082.1 8,098.4 16.3

Local government, excluding education ........... 6,389.7 6,707.1 6,655.9 6,468.8 6,397.5 6,479.2 6,486.8 6,486.5 6,501.2 6,485.2 -16.0

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor

vehicle parts.

3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing

and residential care facilities.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: Data reflect the conversion to the 2007 version of the North

American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis for

the assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry, replacing

NAICS 2002. See http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesnaics07.htm for more

details.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Sept. 

2007

 July 

2008

 Aug. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2007

 May 

2008

 June 

2008

 July 

2008

 Aug. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2008p

Change

from:

Aug. 2008-

Sept. 2008p

Total private ....................................... 34.2 33.7 33.9 33.7 33.8 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.6 -0.1

Goods-producing .......................................... 41.1 40.3 40.7 40.4 40.6 40.2 40.3 40.3 40.3 40.0 -.3

Natural resources and mining .............................. 46.8 44.9 45.7 44.8 46.2 44.6 45.0 44.8 45.4 44.4 -1.0

Construction ............................................................ 39.5 39.2 39.5 38.9 38.9 38.5 38.7 38.7 38.7 38.5 -.2

Manufacturing ......................................................... 41.7 40.6 41.1 41.0 41.4 41.0 41.0 41.0 40.9 40.7 -.2

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.4 3.7 3.9 3.8 4.2 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.6 -.1

Durable goods ..................................................... 42.0 40.8 41.4 41.2 41.6 41.2 41.2 41.3 41.2 40.9 -.3

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.4 3.6 3.9 3.7 4.2 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.5 -.2

Wood products .................................................. 40.2 39.3 39.4 38.9 39.7 39.1 39.3 39.0 39.0 38.4 -.6

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 43.4 42.9 43.2 42.5 42.7 42.3 42.1 42.5 42.4 41.8 -.6

Primary metals .................................................. 42.8 42.1 42.8 42.5 42.6 42.2 42.5 42.4 42.8 42.4 -.4

Fabricated metal products .............................. 42.1 40.8 41.4 41.4 41.9 41.4 41.2 41.2 41.3 41.2 -.1

Machinery .......................................................... 42.8 41.8 42.6 42.1 42.7 42.1 42.1 42.1 42.8 42.1 -.7

Computer and electronic products ................ 41.0 40.8 41.0 41.2 40.6 41.2 41.2 41.1 41.1 40.9 -.2

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 41.4 40.4 40.7 41.2 41.2 41.1 41.0 40.9 40.9 41.1 .2

Transportation equipment ............................... 43.2 41.2 42.0 42.1 42.8 42.1 42.2 42.6 41.8 41.8 .0

Motor vehicles and parts 2.............................. 42.7 40.1 41.3 41.4 42.1 41.6 41.6 42.1 40.6 41.0 .4

Furniture and related products ....................... 39.9 38.4 38.8 37.9 39.4 38.8 39.0 38.3 38.0 37.5 -.5

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 39.8 38.7 39.5 38.7 39.7 39.2 39.2 39.1 39.4 38.6 -.8

Nondurable goods ............................................... 41.3 40.3 40.6 40.7 40.9 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.2 -.3

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.5 3.7 3.9 4.0 4.1 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 .0

Food manufacturing ......................................... 41.5 40.5 40.7 41.0 40.7 40.8 40.6 40.5 40.4 40.3 -.1

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 40.6 39.1 38.6 38.0 40.8 39.7 39.0 38.9 38.3 38.3 .0

Textile mills ........................................................ 40.8 38.9 39.7 39.7 40.4 39.0 38.9 39.4 39.6 39.2 -.4

Textile product mills ......................................... 39.9 39.2 39.0 38.2 39.9 38.7 39.1 39.2 38.8 38.2 -.6

Apparel ............................................................... 37.1 36.7 36.4 36.2 37.2 36.0 36.4 37.0 36.5 36.4 -.1

Leather and allied products ............................ 37.8 37.8 37.2 37.6 37.9 38.7 38.5 38.4 37.7 37.9 .2

Paper and paper products .............................. 43.9 42.3 42.9 43.0 43.2 42.5 42.7 42.6 43.0 42.5 -.5

Printing and related support activities ........... 39.4 37.5 38.3 38.5 38.9 38.5 38.1 38.0 38.2 38.0 -.2

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 44.1 46.1 44.7 45.1 43.4 44.2 44.4 45.4 44.8 44.5 -.3

Chemicals .......................................................... 42.1 41.7 41.7 41.8 42.0 41.3 41.8 41.9 41.6 41.6 .0

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 41.9 40.7 41.2 41.1 41.6 41.0 41.1 41.3 41.3 40.9 -.4

Private service-providing ............................. 32.8 32.4 32.5 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.4 32.3 -.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 33.9 33.4 33.4 33.5 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.2 33.2 33.2 .0

Wholesale trade ................................................... 38.7 38.3 38.3 38.1 38.2 38.3 38.3 38.4 38.3 38.1 -.2

Retail trade ........................................................... 30.7 30.3 30.3 30.4 30.2 30.1 30.1 30.0 30.1 30.1 .0

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 37.2 36.4 36.7 36.6 36.9 36.5 36.5 36.4 36.4 36.4 .0

Utilities ................................................................... 43.0 42.3 42.1 43.2 42.5 42.4 42.8 42.4 42.3 42.8 .5

Information ............................................................... 37.0 36.8 36.9 37.0 36.5 36.6 36.6 36.7 36.7 36.8 .1

Financial activities .................................................. 36.3 35.6 35.8 35.6 35.7 36.0 35.9 35.7 36.0 35.9 -.1

Professional and business services .................... 35.2 34.7 35.0 34.9 34.8 34.8 34.8 34.8 34.9 34.9 .0

Education and health services ............................. 32.9 32.6 32.6 32.5 32.6 32.7 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.5 -.1

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 25.6 25.8 25.8 24.9 25.4 25.3 25.3 25.2 25.2 25.1 -.1

Other services ......................................................... 31.1 30.9 31.1 30.8 30.9 30.8 30.8 30.8 30.9 30.8 -.1

1 Data relate to production workers in natural resources and mining

and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and

nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing industries.

These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the

total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and

motor vehicle parts.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: Data reflect the conversion to the 2007 version of the

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the

basis for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by

industry, replacing NAICS 2002. See

http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesnaics07.htm for more details.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and 

selected industry detail

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

 Sept. 

2007

 July 

2008

 Aug. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2007

 July 

2008

 Aug. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2008p

Total private ....................................... $17.64 $17.98 $18.05 $18.20 $603.29 $605.93 $611.90 $613.34

Seasonally adjusted ..................... 17.57 18.06 18.14 18.17 593.87 608.62 611.32 610.51

Goods-producing .......................................... 18.91 19.37 19.50 19.58 777.20 780.61 793.65 791.03

Natural resources and mining .............................. 20.93 22.41 23.02 23.17 979.52 1,006.21 1,052.01 1,038.02

Construction ............................................................ 21.32 21.90 22.15 22.28 842.14 858.48 874.93 866.69

Manufacturing ......................................................... 17.39 17.71 17.74 17.82 725.16 719.03 729.11 730.62

Durable goods ..................................................... 18.35 18.63 18.70 18.80 770.70 760.10 774.18 774.56

Wood products .................................................. 13.65 14.22 14.23 14.33 548.73 558.85 560.66 557.44

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 16.94 16.94 16.86 16.97 735.20 726.73 728.35 721.23

Primary metals .................................................. 19.83 20.42 20.30 20.35 848.72 859.68 868.84 864.88

Fabricated metal products .............................. 16.61 16.94 17.07 17.15 699.28 691.15 706.70 710.01

Machinery .......................................................... 17.79 17.93 17.91 18.00 761.41 749.47 762.97 757.80

Computer and electronic products ................ 20.20 21.15 21.24 21.30 828.20 862.92 870.84 877.56

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 16.10 15.87 15.96 15.98 666.54 641.15 649.57 658.38

Transportation equipment ............................... 23.42 23.68 23.86 23.94 1,011.74 975.62 1,002.12 1,007.87

Furniture and related products ....................... 14.36 14.52 14.60 14.56 572.96 557.57 566.48 551.82

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 14.78 15.35 15.34 15.42 588.24 594.05 605.93 596.75

Nondurable goods ............................................... 15.77 16.19 16.13 16.23 651.30 652.46 654.88 660.56

Food manufacturing ......................................... 13.65 14.01 13.99 14.03 566.48 567.41 569.39 575.23

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 18.40 18.86 18.43 18.85 747.04 737.43 711.40 716.30

Textile mills ........................................................ 13.16 13.77 13.65 13.71 536.93 535.65 541.91 544.29

Textile product mills ......................................... 11.73 11.80 11.75 11.87 468.03 462.56 458.25 453.43

Apparel ............................................................... 11.17 11.35 11.31 11.45 414.41 416.55 411.68 414.49

Leather and allied products ............................ 12.24 12.85 12.94 12.80 462.67 485.73 481.37 481.28

Paper and paper products .............................. 18.54 19.07 18.80 18.95 813.91 806.66 806.52 814.85

Printing and related support activities ........... 16.37 16.82 16.80 16.87 644.98 630.75 643.44 649.50

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 25.95 27.70 27.76 28.35 1,144.40 1,276.97 1,240.87 1,278.59

Chemicals .......................................................... 19.52 19.46 19.50 19.72 821.79 811.48 813.15 824.30

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 15.45 15.84 15.87 15.94 647.36 644.69 653.84 655.13

Private service-providing ............................. 17.31 17.63 17.68 17.86 567.77 571.21 574.60 576.88

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 16.00 16.21 16.25 16.29 542.40 541.41 542.75 545.72

Wholesale trade ................................................... 19.85 20.12 20.23 20.21 768.20 770.60 774.81 770.00

Retail trade ........................................................... 12.91 12.93 12.96 13.02 396.34 391.78 392.69 395.81

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 17.96 18.53 18.52 18.51 668.11 674.49 679.68 677.47

Utilities ................................................................... 28.27 28.48 28.61 28.80 1,215.61 1,204.70 1,204.48 1,244.16

Information ............................................................... 24.22 24.70 24.75 24.97 896.14 908.96 913.28 923.89

Financial activities .................................................. 19.88 20.20 20.28 20.41 721.64 719.12 726.02 726.60

Professional and business services .................... 20.34 20.99 21.05 21.27 715.97 728.35 736.75 742.32

Education and health services ............................. 18.33 18.85 18.84 18.93 603.06 614.51 614.18 615.23

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 10.53 10.72 10.80 10.89 269.57 276.58 278.64 271.16

Other services ......................................................... 15.58 15.80 15.84 15.99 484.54 488.22 492.62 492.49

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: Data reflect the conversion to the 2007 version of the

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the

basis for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by

industry, replacing NAICS 2002. See

http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesnaics07.htm for more details.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector 

and selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Total Private:

 Sept. 

2007

 May 

2008

 June 

2008

 July 

2008

 Aug. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2008p

Percent

change from:

Aug. 2008-

Sept. 2008p

Current dollars ................................................ $17.57 $17.95 $18.00 $18.06 $18.14 $18.17 0.2

Constant (1982) dollars 2................................. 8.35 8.24 8.17 8.12 8.17 N.A.

Goods-producing .......................................................... 18.78 19.17 19.25 19.33 19.40 19.45 .3

Natural resources and mining .............................................. 20.99 21.71 22.01 22.54 23.02 23.17 .7

Construction ............................................................................ 21.12 21.70 21.77 21.84 22.01 22.06 .2

Manufacturing ......................................................................... 17.34 17.65 17.71 17.78 17.75 17.79 .2

.....................................................

4 Excluding overtime 16.50 16.85 16.93 16.99 16.98 17.04 .4

Durable goods ..................................................................... 18.28 18.61 18.67 18.75 18.70 18.74 .2

Nondurable goods ............................................................... 15.74 16.04 16.11 16.14 16.16 16.21 .3

Private service-providing ............................................. 17.26 17.64 17.69 17.74 17.82 17.85 .2

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................................... 15.90 16.16 16.19 16.20 16.26 16.24 -.1

Wholesale trade ................................................................... 19.72 20.06 20.12 20.16 20.30 20.25 -.2

Retail trade ........................................................................... 12.83 12.90 12.90 12.90 12.95 12.93 -.2

Transportation and warehousing ...................................... 17.86 18.38 18.39 18.41 18.47 18.45 -.1

Utilities ................................................................................... 28.14 28.81 29.14 28.65 28.86 28.74 -.4

Information ............................................................................... 24.01 24.67 24.74 24.82 24.86 24.85 .0

Financial activities .................................................................. 19.76 20.23 20.26 20.30 20.38 20.44 .3

Professional and business services .................................... 20.36 20.90 21.01 21.12 21.28 21.38 .5

Education and health services ............................................. 18.29 18.71 18.75 18.81 18.85 18.89 .2

Leisure and hospitality ........................................................... 10.55 10.81 10.85 10.86 10.90 10.91 .1

Other services ......................................................................... 15.55 15.81 15.85 15.90 15.93 15.97 .3

3( )

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical

Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this series.

3 Change was 0.6 percent from July 2008 to Aug. 2008, the latest

month available.

4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate

of time and one-half.

N.A. = not available.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: Data reflect the conversion to the 2007 version of the

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the

basis for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by

industry, replacing NAICS 2002. See

http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesnaics07.htm for more details.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Sept. 

2007

 July 

2008

 Aug. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2007

 May 

2008

 June 

2008

 July 

2008

 Aug. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2008p

Percent

change from:

Aug. 2008-

Sept. 2008p

Total private ....................................... 109.2 107.9 108.4 107.0 107.6 107.1 107.0 106.9 106.8 106.3 -0.5

Goods-producing .......................................... 104.6 99.1 100.3 98.4 101.6 97.9 97.6 97.2 97.0 95.7 -1.3

Natural resources and mining .............................. 138.8 140.8 147.4 145.2 134.5 134.6 137.0 138.3 143.3 141.6 -1.2

Construction ............................................................ 120.3 113.5 114.8 110.9 114.3 107.5 107.3 106.7 106.9 105.5 -1.3

Manufacturing ......................................................... 95.9 90.5 91.7 90.7 94.6 92.1 91.6 91.2 90.5 89.6 -1.0

Durable goods ..................................................... 98.8 92.3 93.6 92.1 97.6 94.4 93.9 93.6 92.7 91.3 -1.5

Wood products .................................................. 91.7 83.2 82.7 79.4 89.3 82.0 81.6 80.5 79.6 77.3 -2.9

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 101.9 98.0 99.0 95.9 98.3 95.1 94.5 94.2 94.5 92.5 -2.1

Primary metals .................................................. 90.7 87.9 88.9 88.5 90.1 89.2 89.4 89.0 88.9 88.2 -.8

Fabricated metal products .............................. 106.0 100.1 102.2 101.3 105.3 103.0 101.7 101.2 101.7 100.8 -.9

Machinery .......................................................... 103.7 102.7 103.4 101.0 103.7 103.1 102.6 102.9 103.9 101.3 -2.5

Computer and electronic products ................ 102.7 101.0 101.6 100.6 101.5 102.9 102.3 101.6 101.7 99.9 -1.8

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 89.2 87.6 87.5 87.7 88.8 88.6 88.4 88.3 87.5 87.5 .0

Transportation equipment ............................... 99.7 85.6 87.1 86.6 98.5 91.5 91.0 90.9 86.8 86.0 -.9

Motor vehicles and parts 2.............................. 87.4 68.6 70.8 69.5 85.6 76.3 75.4 75.9 69.7 68.4 -1.9

Furniture and related products ....................... 87.5 77.8 77.6 74.7 86.3 79.8 79.3 77.2 75.6 74.0 -2.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 92.4 87.7 91.2 89.2 92.1 89.9 89.8 89.5 90.8 88.9 -2.1

Nondurable goods ............................................... 91.4 87.7 88.5 88.4 89.5 87.9 87.7 87.3 87.2 86.3 -1.0

Food manufacturing ......................................... 105.4 101.5 103.1 104.6 100.7 101.1 100.5 99.9 99.8 99.9 .1

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 103.5 94.6 93.3 91.5 100.1 90.7 90.5 89.5 87.9 87.7 -.2

Textile mills ........................................................ 55.4 47.5 48.8 48.4 54.7 49.7 48.8 48.8 49.0 47.9 -2.2

Textile product mills ......................................... 76.4 72.4 71.4 70.4 76.4 72.8 72.5 72.6 71.1 70.4 -1.0

Apparel ............................................................... 60.9 56.6 56.7 56.3 60.2 55.1 55.8 56.9 56.7 55.8 -1.6

Leather and allied products ............................ 70.2 69.7 73.3 75.3 70.3 72.1 74.3 72.6 74.7 74.9 .3

Paper and paper products .............................. 87.8 85.1 85.6 84.8 86.2 85.3 85.3 84.9 85.2 83.7 -1.8

Printing and related support activities ........... 93.0 84.7 86.7 86.6 92.1 88.6 86.6 85.8 86.5 85.7 -.9

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 99.5 106.5 104.6 104.5 95.6 97.8 98.5 101.5 101.3 100.0 -1.3

Chemicals .......................................................... 95.4 97.4 96.2 95.1 94.8 96.3 97.1 96.9 95.5 95.0 -.5

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 91.9 87.1 88.0 86.8 90.9 88.0 88.3 88.3 87.8 86.2 -1.8

Private service-providing ............................. 110.7 110.5 110.6 109.2 109.3 109.7 109.7 109.3 109.6 109.1 -.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 106.4 104.4 104.2 104.0 104.8 104.4 104.3 103.8 103.6 103.4 -.2

Wholesale trade ................................................... 111.8 110.9 110.3 109.2 110.3 110.6 110.5 110.5 110.0 109.2 -.7

Retail trade ........................................................... 102.5 100.8 100.7 99.9 101.7 100.4 100.3 99.9 100.0 99.8 -.2

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 111.3 107.2 107.9 109.1 109.4 108.8 108.4 108.2 107.9 107.6 -.3

Utilities ................................................................... 97.6 98.8 97.8 99.8 96.7 97.2 98.7 97.9 97.6 99.0 1.4

Information ............................................................... 100.9 100.7 100.5 100.1 100.1 100.2 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.3 .4

Financial activities .................................................. 109.9 108.8 109.1 107.4 108.3 108.9 108.6 107.9 108.9 108.4 -.5

Professional and business services .................... 118.2 115.7 116.5 115.7 115.9 115.6 115.3 115.1 115.0 114.8 -.2

Education and health services ............................. 113.9 114.4 114.8 116.2 113.4 116.1 116.2 116.5 117.0 116.8 -.2

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 113.7 120.1 119.4 111.0 111.6 112.0 112.0 111.5 111.4 110.8 -.5

Other services ......................................................... 99.6 101.4 101.3 99.2 99.4 99.6 99.5 99.6 99.9 99.7 -.2

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and

motor vehicle parts.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by

dividing the current months estimates of aggregate hours by

the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate hours

estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours

and production and nonsupervisory worker employment.

Data reflect the conversion to the 2007 version of the North

American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis

for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry,

replacing NAICS 2002. See http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesnaics07.htm

for more details.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls of production and nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Sept. 

2007

 July 

2008

 Aug. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2007

 May 

2008

 June 

2008

 July 

2008

 Aug. 

2008p

 Sept. 

2008p

Percent

change from:

Aug. 2008-

Sept. 2008p

Total private ....................................... 128.8 129.6 130.8 130.1 126.3 128.4 128.7 129.0 129.5 129.1 -0.3

Goods-producing .......................................... 121.2 117.5 119.8 118.0 116.8 114.9 115.1 115.0 115.2 114.0 -1.0

Natural resources and mining .............................. 168.9 183.5 197.4 195.7 164.2 170.0 175.4 181.3 191.9 190.8 -.6

Construction ............................................................ 138.5 134.2 137.3 133.4 130.4 126.0 126.2 125.9 127.0 125.7 -1.0

Manufacturing ......................................................... 109.1 104.9 106.3 105.7 107.3 106.3 106.1 106.0 105.1 104.2 -.9

Durable goods ..................................................... 113.2 107.4 109.3 108.1 111.4 109.7 109.4 109.6 108.2 106.8 -1.3

Nondurable goods ............................................... 101.9 100.3 100.9 101.4 99.5 99.6 99.8 99.6 99.6 98.9 -.7

Private service-providing ............................. 131.4 133.5 134.1 133.7 129.3 132.7 133.0 133.0 133.9 133.6 -.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 121.4 120.7 120.8 120.8 118.9 120.3 120.4 120.0 120.2 119.8 -.3

Wholesale trade ................................................... 130.7 131.5 131.4 130.0 128.1 130.7 131.0 131.2 131.5 130.2 -1.0

Retail trade ........................................................... 113.4 111.7 111.8 111.5 111.8 111.0 110.9 110.4 111.0 110.6 -.4

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 126.8 126.0 126.8 128.1 124.0 126.8 126.4 126.3 126.4 126.0 -.3

Utilities ................................................................... 115.2 117.5 116.8 120.0 113.6 116.9 120.0 117.1 117.6 118.8 1.0

Information ............................................................... 121.0 123.1 123.2 123.7 119.0 122.3 122.5 122.9 123.0 123.4 .3

Financial activities .................................................. 135.1 135.9 136.9 135.5 132.3 136.2 136.0 135.5 137.2 137.0 -.1

Professional and business services .................... 143.0 144.5 145.9 146.4 140.4 143.8 144.2 144.7 145.6 146.0 .3

Education and health services ............................. 137.3 141.8 142.2 144.6 136.4 142.8 143.2 144.1 144.9 145.0 .1

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 136.0 146.3 146.5 137.3 133.7 137.5 138.1 137.5 137.9 137.3 -.4

Other services ......................................................... 113.1 116.8 117.0 115.6 112.6 114.8 115.0 115.4 116.0 116.0 .0

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated

by dividing the current months estimates of aggregate payrolls

by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate

payroll estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and production and nonsupervisory

worker employment.

Data reflect the conversion to the 2007 version of the North

American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis

for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry,

replacing NAICS 2002. See http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesnaics07.htm

for more details.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change

(Percent)

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

Private nonfarm payrolls, 274 industries

Manufacturing payrolls, 84 industries

1

1

Over 1-month span:

Over 3-month span:

Over 6-month span:

Over 12-month span:

Over 1-month span:

Over 3-month span:

Over 6-month span:

Over 12-month span:

Time span

2004 ......................................................... 50.5 50.5 64.1 62.6 61.7 58.9 56.0 50.0 56.9 56.9 51.3 51.8

2005 ......................................................... 52.2 60.6 54.2 58.2 55.8 58.2 58.0 61.3 54.7 53.6 62.4 54.7

2006 ......................................................... 65.1 60.9 64.4 59.3 53.3 52.7 60.4 58.9 53.5 55.8 57.1 56.0

2007 ......................................................... 51.6 51.8 52.7 51.1 56.6 50.4 52.2 51.6 56.4 54.6 48.2 48.5

2008 ......................................................... 45.4 41.4 47.4 45.6 46.4 42.3 38.3 p 44.7 p 38.1

2004 ......................................................... 54.4 52.9 57.3 63.5 68.8 66.6 61.3 56.4 57.7 59.5 61.9 54.6

2005 ......................................................... 52.2 55.5 57.5 60.8 58.9 61.9 60.4 63.9 61.1 54.4 54.9 61.3

2006 ......................................................... 67.2 66.2 66.6 65.5 60.6 58.2 56.0 58.9 55.7 56.4 57.1 58.4

2007 ......................................................... 58.4 54.7 55.3 54.7 56.2 53.3 53.1 54.7 58.4 56.8 54.7 52.4

2008 ......................................................... 46.7 42.7 42.3 44.0 43.1 44.0 36.3 p 38.3 p 36.1

2004 ......................................................... 50.0 51.6 55.3 60.9 63.7 65.1 65.1 63.9 60.4 61.7 58.2 56.0

2005 ......................................................... 54.6 57.3 56.8 57.5 57.5 58.2 64.4 62.8 62.0 59.3 61.5 62.0

2006 ......................................................... 63.1 64.4 67.2 67.0 64.4 66.4 61.5 61.7 60.4 59.7 60.8 56.0

2007 ......................................................... 59.1 56.4 57.5 56.8 58.8 58.2 56.2 58.0 58.2 57.1 54.6 53.8

2008 ......................................................... 51.5 49.8 44.7 46.5 43.6 39.1 37.6 p 38.9 p 37.2

2004 ......................................................... 40.5 42.3 45.1 48.9 51.3 58.2 57.5 55.7 57.3 58.8 60.6 60.8

2005 ......................................................... 60.6 60.8 59.7 58.9 58.0 60.0 60.9 63.3 60.4 58.9 59.5 61.7

2006 ......................................................... 67.2 65.1 65.5 62.6 64.8 66.4 64.4 64.4 66.2 65.1 64.4 65.5

2007 ......................................................... 62.6 59.1 60.4 58.9 59.5 58.4 57.5 58.8 61.7 60.4 59.9 57.7

2008 ......................................................... 53.8 54.6 52.6 50.4 49.3 45.8 44.7 p 42.3 p 41.2

2004 ......................................................... 43.5 47.6 47.0 63.7 50.6 51.2 58.3 42.9 42.9 48.2 42.3 39.9

2005 ......................................................... 36.3 48.8 42.9 44.6 42.3 35.1 38.1 47.0 45.8 46.4 47.0 47.0

2006 ......................................................... 57.7 45.8 54.8 48.8 38.1 53.0 50.6 44.0 36.3 40.5 38.1 39.3

2007 ......................................................... 47.6 35.7 30.4 29.8 37.5 39.3 41.7 33.3 40.5 45.2 44.6 36.3

2008 ......................................................... 40.5 28.6 38.1 35.1 44.6 30.4 26.8 p 34.5 p 26.8

2004 ......................................................... 41.1 40.5 43.5 56.5 58.9 61.3 57.7 47.0 46.4 41.7 44.6 38.7

2005 ......................................................... 38.1 39.3 42.3 44.6 36.3 37.5 33.3 39.9 45.8 41.7 38.7 49.4

2006 ......................................................... 54.8 52.4 47.6 48.8 44.6 50.6 42.9 47.6 36.3 37.5 32.1 34.5

2007 ......................................................... 33.9 28.6 32.1 27.4 29.8 32.7 31.0 34.5 32.1 39.3 44.0 41.7

2008 ......................................................... 35.7 27.4 26.8 29.2 29.8 35.7 24.4 p 23.2 p 20.8

2004 ......................................................... 29.2 31.5 32.7 44.6 49.4 54.8 59.5 56.0 51.2 51.8 44.0 38.7

2005 ......................................................... 33.9 38.1 35.1 36.9 32.1 32.1 41.7 35.7 36.3 36.9 37.5 42.3

2006 ......................................................... 42.9 45.2 50.6 47.6 48.2 47.6 46.4 48.8 43.5 41.7 38.7 29.8

2007 ......................................................... 34.5 27.4 23.8 27.4 31.5 34.5 33.3 31.0 29.2 35.1 34.5 32.7

2008 ......................................................... 34.5 33.9 32.1 28.0 26.8 20.8 19.6 p 20.2 p 21.4

2004 ......................................................... 13.1 14.3 13.1 20.2 23.2 35.7 36.9 38.1 36.9 44.0 44.6 44.6

2005 ......................................................... 44.6 43.5 41.7 40.5 36.3 35.1 32.1 33.9 32.7 33.3 33.3 38.1

2006 ......................................................... 44.6 40.5 40.5 39.3 39.3 44.6 41.7 42.3 46.4 48.2 45.2 44.0

2007 ......................................................... 39.3 36.3 36.9 28.6 29.8 26.2 26.8 29.2 30.4 29.8 33.3 33.9

2008 ......................................................... 29.8 29.8 29.8 24.4 27.4 24.4 23.8 p 22.0 p 25.0

1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and

unadjusted data for the 12-month span.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing

plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where

50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing

and decreasing employment.

Data reflect the conversion to the 2007 version of the North American

Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis for the assignment

and tabulation of economic data by industry, replacing NAICS 2002.

See http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesnaics07.htm for more details.