Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-14-2037 

8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, November 7, 2014 

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — OCTOBER 2014 

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 214,000 in October, and the unemployment rate edged 

down to 5.8 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment increased in food 

services and drinking places, retail trade, and health care. 

Household Survey Data 

Both the unemployment rate (5.8 percent) and the number of unemployed persons (9.0 million) edged 

down in October. Since the beginning of the year, the unemployment rate and the number of 

unemployed persons have declined by 0.8 percentage point and 1.2 million, respectively. (See 

table A-1.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for whites declined to 4.8 percent in October. 

The rates for adult men (5.1 percent), adult women (5.4 percent), teenagers (18.6 percent), blacks (10.9 

percent), and Hispanics (6.8 percent) changed little over the month. The jobless rate for Asians was 5.0 

percent (not seasonally adjusted), little changed from a year earlier. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

Oct-12 Jan-13 Apr-13 Jul-13 Oct-13 Jan-14 Apr-14 Jul-14 Oct-14

Thousands

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month 

change, seasonally adjusted, October 2012 –

October 2014 

Percent

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

Oct-12 Jan-13 Apr-13 Jul-13 Oct-13 Jan-14 Apr-14 Jul-14 Oct-14

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

October 2012 – October 2014
- 2 - 

In October, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was little 

changed at 2.9 million. These individuals accounted for 32.0 percent of the unemployed. Over the past 

12 months, the number of long-term unemployed has declined by 1.1 million. (See table A-12.) 

The civilian labor force participation rate was little changed at 62.8 percent in October and has been 

essentially flat since April. The employment-population ratio increased to 59.2 percent in October. 

(See table A-1.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as 

involuntary part-time workers) was about unchanged in October at 7.0 million. These individuals, who 

would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time because their hours had been cut 

back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.) 

In October, 2.2 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, little changed from a year 

earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and 

were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not 

counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. 

(See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 770,000 discouraged workers in October, essentially 

unchanged from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons 

not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.4 

million persons marginally attached to the labor force in October had not searched for work for reasons 

such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 214,000 in October, in line with the average monthly 

gain of 222,000 over the prior 12 months. In October, job growth occurred in food services and drinking 

places, retail trade, and health care. (See table B-1.) 

Food services and drinking places added 42,000 jobs in October, compared with an average gain of 

26,000 jobs per month over the prior 12 months. 

Employment in retail trade rose by 27,000 in October. Within the industry, employment grew in 

general merchandise stores (+12,000) and automobile dealers (+4,000). Retail trade has added 249,000 

jobs over the past year. 

Health care added 25,000 jobs in October, about in line with the prior 12-month average gain of 21,000 

jobs per month. In October, employment rose in ambulatory health care services (+19,000). 

Employment in professional and business services continued to trend up over the month (+37,000). 

Over the prior 12 months, job gains averaged 56,000 per month. In October, employment continued to 

trend up in temporary help services (+15,000) and in computer systems design and related services 

(+7,000). 

In October, manufacturing employment continued on an upward trend (+15,000). Within the industry, 

job gains occurred in machinery (+5,000), furniture and related products (+4,000), and semiconductors 
- 3 - 

and electronic components (+2,000). Over the year, manufacturing has added 170,000 jobs, largely in 

durable goods. 

Employment also continued to trend up in transportation and warehousing (+13,000) and 

construction (+12,000). 

Employment in other major industries, including mining and logging, wholesale trade, information, 

financial activities, and government, showed little change over the month. 

In October, the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1 hour 

to 34.6 hours. The manufacturing workweek was unchanged at 40.8 hours, and factory overtime edged 

down by 0.1 hour to 3.4 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees

on private nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1 hour to 33.8 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

Average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 3 cents to $24.57 in 

October. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.0 percent. In October, average hourly 

earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 4 cents to $20.70. 

(See tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for August was revised from +180,000 to +203,000, 

and the change for September was revised from +248,000 to +256,000. With these revisions, 

employment gains in August and September combined were 31,000 more than previously reported. 

 

The Employment Situation for November is scheduled to be released on Friday, December 5, 

2014, at 8:30 a.m. (EST). 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

Change from:

Sept. 2014-

Oct. 2014

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population........................................... 246,381 248,229 248,446 248,657 211

Civilian labor force........................................................... 154,625 155,959 155,862 156,278 416

Participation rate.......................................................... 62.8 62.8 62.7 62.8 0.1

Employed................................................................... 143,485 146,368 146,600 147,283 683

Employment-population ratio.......................................... 58.2 59.0 59.0 59.2 0.2

Unemployed............................................................... 11,140 9,591 9,262 8,995 -267

Unemployment rate.................................................... 7.2 6.1 5.9 5.8 -0.1

Not in labor force............................................................ 91,756 92,269 92,584 92,378 -206

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over...................................................... 7.2 6.1 5.9 5.8 -0.1

Adult men (20 years and over)............................................ 6.9 5.7 5.3 5.1 -0.2

Adult women (20 years and over)......................................... 6.4 5.7 5.5 5.4 -0.1

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................ 22.0 19.6 20.0 18.6 -1.4

White.......................................................................... 6.3 5.3 5.1 4.8 -0.3

Black or African American.................................................. 13.0 11.4 11.0 10.9 -0.1

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................ 5.2 4.5 4.3 5.0 –

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................. 9.0 7.5 6.9 6.8 -0.1

Total, 25 years and over...................................................... 6.0 5.1 4.7 4.7 0.0

Less than a high school diploma.......................................... 10.8 9.1 8.4 7.9 -0.5

High school graduates, no college........................................ 7.3 6.2 5.3 5.7 0.4

Some college or associate degree........................................ 6.3 5.4 5.4 4.8 -0.6

Bachelor’s degree and higher.............................................. 3.8 3.2 2.9 3.1 0.2

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs.................. 6,162 4,836 4,530 4,358 -172

Job leavers...................................................................... 842 860 829 794 -35

Reentrants....................................................................... 3,104 2,845 2,809 2,871 62

New entrants.................................................................... 1,217 1,066 1,105 1,063 -42

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks............................................................. 2,794 2,609 2,383 2,473 90

5 to 14 weeks................................................................... 2,636 2,449 2,508 2,312 -196

15 to 26 weeks................................................................. 1,777 1,486 1,416 1,417 1

27 weeks and over............................................................. 4,047 2,963 2,954 2,916 -38

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons.............................................. 8,016 7,277 7,103 7,027 -76

Slack work or business conditions........................................ 5,025 4,261 4,162 4,214 52

Could only find part-time work............................................. 2,585 2,587 2,562 2,447 -115

Part time for noneconomic reasons.......................................... 18,755 19,526 19,561 19,769 208

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force....................................... 2,283 2,141 2,226 2,192 –

Discouraged workers........................................................ 815 775 698 770 –

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will

not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 203 256 214

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 200 244 209

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 22 36 28

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2 8 1

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 17 19 12

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3 9 15

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4 9 14

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 -6.0 1.4 0.6

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 -1 0 1

Private service-providing1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 178 208 181

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -1.8 5.7 5.1 8.5

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.9 -3.9 34.0 27.1

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 11.4 5.2 13.3

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 14 13 -4

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 12 12 3

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 49 55 37

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 20.6 17.8 15.1

Education and health services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 50 43 41

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.4 39.9 24.6 27.2

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 26 48 52

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 11 -5 3

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -10 3 12 5

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.5 49.4 49.4 49.4

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.0 47.9 47.9 47.9

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.6 82.6 82.6 82.6

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.4 34.5 34.5 34.6

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $24.09 $24.54 $24.54 $24.57

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $828.70 $846.63 $846.63 $850.12

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.1 101.2 101.4 101.9

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.5

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.9 118.5 118.7 119.4

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.6

HOURS AND EARNINGS

PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.6 33.8 33.7 33.8

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $20.25 $20.67 $20.66 $20.70

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $680.40 $698.65 $696.24 $699.66

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.6 109.2 109.0 109.5

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 0.5 -0.2 0.5

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.2 150.8 150.5 151.5

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 0.7 -0.2 0.7

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private (264 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.4 64.2 60.4 62.3

Manufacturing (81 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.6 57.4 53.1 58.6

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the

service-providing industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate

hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal

balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of 

employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series 

has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household 

survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 

100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically 

significant change in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a 

more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers 

whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private 

household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also 

provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences 

between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf. 

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, 

it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does 

not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which 

identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the 

foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The 

Employment Situation news release. 

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax 

records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more 

information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments 

with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the 

reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and 

industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 

 
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net 

employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an 

econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based 

on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census 

of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this 

purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There 

is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and 

availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment 

insurance benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons 

who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the 

unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There 

is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently 

looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, 

including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged 

workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include 

discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each 

month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these 

alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? 

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the 

month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than 

on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including 

pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates 

typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some 

employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, 

while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll 

employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates, 

employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees 

who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll 

employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit 

www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th 

of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as 

employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the 

number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure 

of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 

Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page, 

please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household 

survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey 

(CES; establishment survey). The household survey 

provides information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked 

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 

60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census 

Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm 

payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of 

nonagricultural business establishments. Each month 

the CES program surveys about 144,000 businesses 

and government agencies, representing approximately 

554,000 individual worksites, in order to provide 

detailed industry data on employment, hours, and 

earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls. The 

active sample includes approximately one-third of 

all nonfarm payroll employees. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that 

contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment 

survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 

12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the 

calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment 

sometime during the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting 

recall need not be looking for work to be counted as 

unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the 

household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for 

or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as 

employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The 

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent 

of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the 

labor force as a percent of the population, and 

the employment-population ratio is the employed as a 

percent of the population. Additional information 

about the household survey can be found at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are 

counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are 

produced for the private sector for all employees and for 

production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and 

logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing 

industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an 

establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 

2012 version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous 

conceptual and methodological differences between the 

household and establishment surveys result in important 

distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the 

surveys. Among these are: 

 The household survey includes agricultural

workers, self-employed workers whose businesses

are unicorporated, unpaid family workers, and

private household workers among the employed.

These groups are excluded from the establishment

survey.

 The household survey includes people on unpaid

leave among the employed. The establishment

survey does not.

 The household survey is limited to workers 16

years of age and older. The establishment survey is

not limited by age.

 The household survey has no duplication of

individuals, because individuals are counted only

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the

establishment survey, employees working at more

than one job and thus appearing on more than one

payroll are counted separately for each appearance.
Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, 

and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the 

participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For 

example, in the household survey, the large number of 

youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure 

any other changes that have taken place relative to May, 

making it difficult to determine if the level of economic 

activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the 

establishment survey, payroll employment in education 

declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term 

and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the 

underlying employment trends in the industry. Because 

seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of 

the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be 

adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more 

discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more 

useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-tomonth economic activity. 

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, 

such as total payroll employment, employment in most 

major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are 

computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived 

by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex 

components; this differs from the unemployment estimate 

that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by 

combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age 

categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling 

error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. The 

component of this difference that occurs because samples 

differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its 

variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. 

There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value 

because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the 

establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 

90,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment 

increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-

percent confidence interval on the monthly change would 

range from -40,000 to +140,000 (50,000 +/- 90,000). These 

figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these 

magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent 

chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this 

interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, 

we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment 

had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported 

nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the 

values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be 

greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-

percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen 

that month. At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, 

the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change 

in unemployment as measured by the household survey is 

about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the 

unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.2 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, 

such as for quarterly and annual averages. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all 

respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide correct information on a timely 

basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in 

the collection or processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates 

for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete 

returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled 

preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive 

revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample 

reports have been received, that the estimate is considered 

final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 
account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment 

gains from business births. This is incorporated into the 

sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting 

sample units going out of business, but imputing to them 

the same employment trend as the other firms in the 

sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net 

birth/death employment. 

The second component is an ARIMA time series 

model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death 

employment not accounted for by the imputation. The 

historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA 

model was derived from the unemployment insurance 

universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual 

residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough 

proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also 

incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over 

the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total 

nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a 

range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Oct.

2013

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

June

2014

July

2014

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246,381 248,446 248,657 246,381 247,814 248,023 248,229 248,446 248,657

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154,918 155,903 156,616 154,625 155,694 156,023 155,959 155,862 156,278

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.9 62.8 63.0 62.8 62.8 62.9 62.8 62.7 62.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144,144 146,941 147,936 143,485 146,221 146,352 146,368 146,600 147,283

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.5 59.1 59.5 58.2 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.0 59.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,773 8,962 8,680 11,140 9,474 9,671 9,591 9,262 8,995

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 5.7 5.5 7.2 6.1 6.2 6.1 5.9 5.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91,463 92,543 92,041 91,756 92,120 92,001 92,269 92,584 92,378

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,683 6,007 6,122 6,100 6,115 6,259 6,304 6,349 6,537

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,916 120,004 120,112 118,916 119,680 119,788 119,893 120,004 120,112

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,261 83,006 83,075 82,186 82,860 83,043 82,968 82,973 82,959

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.2 69.2 69.2 69.1 69.2 69.3 69.2 69.1 69.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,403 78,409 78,696 76,014 77,653 77,866 77,843 78,102 78,321

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.2 65.3 65.5 63.9 64.9 65.0 64.9 65.1 65.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,858 4,596 4,379 6,171 5,207 5,177 5,125 4,872 4,638

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 5.5 5.3 7.5 6.3 6.2 6.2 5.9 5.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,654 36,999 37,037 36,730 36,821 36,744 36,924 37,031 37,153

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110,414 111,567 111,679 110,414 111,230 111,342 111,451 111,567 111,679

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79,468 80,278 80,241 79,267 80,068 80,208 80,196 80,165 80,032

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.0 72.0 71.9 71.8 72.0 72.0 72.0 71.9 71.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,290 76,286 76,399 73,808 75,510 75,654 75,664 75,910 75,956

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.3 68.4 68.4 66.8 67.9 67.9 67.9 68.0 68.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,178 3,993 3,843 5,459 4,558 4,554 4,531 4,255 4,076

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 5.0 4.8 6.9 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.3 5.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,947 31,288 31,437 31,147 31,162 31,133 31,256 31,402 31,646

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127,465 128,442 128,545 127,465 128,133 128,236 128,336 128,442 128,545

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,656 72,898 73,541 72,439 72,835 72,979 72,991 72,889 73,320

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.0 56.8 57.2 56.8 56.8 56.9 56.9 56.7 57.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,741 68,532 69,240 67,471 68,568 68,486 68,525 68,499 68,962

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.1 53.4 53.9 52.9 53.5 53.4 53.4 53.3 53.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,915 4,366 4,301 4,969 4,267 4,494 4,466 4,390 4,358

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 6.0 5.8 6.9 5.9 6.2 6.1 6.0 5.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,809 55,545 55,004 55,026 55,299 55,256 55,345 55,553 55,225

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119,246 120,265 120,370 119,246 119,948 120,052 120,156 120,265 120,370

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,968 70,228 70,701 69,652 69,987 70,177 70,222 70,072 70,392

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.7 58.4 58.7 58.4 58.3 58.5 58.4 58.3 58.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,565 66,335 66,900 65,229 66,254 66,197 66,247 66,189 66,559

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.0 55.2 55.6 54.7 55.2 55.1 55.1 55.0 55.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,403 3,893 3,800 4,423 3,733 3,980 3,974 3,884 3,833

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 5.5 5.4 6.4 5.3 5.7 5.7 5.5 5.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,278 50,036 49,670 49,593 49,961 49,875 49,934 50,192 49,978

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,721 16,615 16,608 16,721 16,636 16,629 16,622 16,615 16,608

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,482 5,397 5,674 5,706 5,640 5,637 5,542 5,626 5,854

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.8 32.5 34.2 34.1 33.9 33.9 33.3 33.9 35.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,289 4,321 4,637 4,448 4,457 4,501 4,457 4,502 4,768

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.7 26.0 27.9 26.6 26.8 27.1 26.8 27.1 28.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,193 1,076 1,037 1,258 1,183 1,136 1,085 1,124 1,087

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.8 19.9 18.3 22.0 21.0 20.2 19.6 20.0 18.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,239 11,218 10,933 11,015 10,996 10,992 11,080 10,989 10,753

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Oct.

2013

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

June

2014

July

2014

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194,734 195,777 195,896 194,734 195,416 195,537 195,652 195,777 195,896

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,916 123,165 123,610 122,621 123,379 123,314 123,275 122,944 123,212

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.1 62.9 63.1 63.0 63.1 63.1 63.0 62.8 62.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,530 117,130 117,901 114,901 116,778 116,757 116,754 116,708 117,247

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.3 59.8 60.2 59.0 59.8 59.7 59.7 59.6 59.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,386 6,035 5,709 7,719 6,600 6,557 6,521 6,236 5,965

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 4.9 4.6 6.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.1 4.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,818 72,611 72,286 72,113 72,037 72,222 72,377 72,832 72,684

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,206 64,438 64,445 64,000 64,435 64,430 64,498 64,259 64,164

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.4 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.3 72.2 72.2 71.9 71.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,537 61,792 61,906 60,107 61,291 61,361 61,355 61,438 61,473

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.2 69.2 69.2 67.8 68.8 68.8 68.7 68.8 68.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,669 2,646 2,539 3,893 3,144 3,069 3,142 2,820 2,691

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 4.1 3.9 6.1 4.9 4.8 4.9 4.4 4.2

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,295 54,442 54,698 54,044 54,454 54,356 54,356 54,227 54,455

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.0 57.9 58.1 57.8 58.0 57.9 57.8 57.6 57.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,419 51,838 52,250 51,100 51,847 51,695 51,761 51,646 51,932

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.0 55.1 55.5 54.6 55.2 55.0 55.1 54.9 55.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,875 2,604 2,449 2,944 2,606 2,661 2,595 2,581 2,523

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 4.8 4.5 5.4 4.8 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.6

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,415 4,285 4,466 4,577 4,490 4,529 4,420 4,458 4,594

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.5 34.7 36.1 36.8 36.3 36.6 35.7 36.1 37.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,574 3,500 3,745 3,694 3,640 3,701 3,637 3,624 3,843

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.7 28.3 30.3 29.7 29.4 29.9 29.4 29.3 31.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 842 785 721 883 850 827 783 834 751

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.1 18.3 16.1 19.3 18.9 18.3 17.7 18.7 16.3

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,500 30,932 30,969 30,500 30,821 30,856 30,893 30,932 30,969

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,599 18,982 19,124 18,541 18,791 19,025 18,849 19,082 19,005

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.0 61.4 61.8 60.8 61.0 61.7 61.0 61.7 61.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,229 16,929 17,086 16,133 16,784 16,853 16,693 16,981 16,940

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.2 54.7 55.2 52.9 54.5 54.6 54.0 54.9 54.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,370 2,052 2,038 2,408 2,007 2,172 2,157 2,100 2,065

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.7 10.8 10.7 13.0 10.7 11.4 11.4 11.0 10.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,901 11,950 11,846 11,959 12,029 11,832 12,044 11,850 11,964

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,387 8,750 8,701 8,354 8,592 8,671 8,605 8,774 8,677

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.9 68.4 67.9 66.6 67.5 68.0 67.3 68.5 67.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,364 7,816 7,821 7,287 7,660 7,704 7,676 7,810 7,753

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.7 61.1 61.0 58.1 60.1 60.4 60.1 61.0 60.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,022 934 880 1,067 932 967 929 964 925

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.2 10.7 10.1 12.8 10.9 11.1 10.8 11.0 10.7

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,540 9,571 9,693 9,496 9,566 9,720 9,595 9,592 9,605

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.9 61.2 61.9 61.6 61.4 62.3 61.5 61.4 61.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,419 8,655 8,758 8,403 8,702 8,736 8,581 8,674 8,700

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.6 55.4 56.0 54.5 55.9 56.0 55.0 55.5 55.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,121 916 935 1,093 864 984 1,015 918 905

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.8 9.6 9.6 11.5 9.0 10.1 10.6 9.6 9.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 672 661 729 691 632 634 649 716 723

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.4 26.5 29.2 27.2 25.2 25.3 25.9 28.6 29.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445 458 506 442 421 413 436 498 487

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.5 18.3 20.3 17.4 16.8 16.5 17.4 19.9 19.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 203 223 248 211 221 213 218 236

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.7 30.7 30.6 36.0 33.4 34.9 32.8 30.5 32.6

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,355 13,788 13,782 – – – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Oct.

2013

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

June

2014

July

2014

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,498 8,718 8,729 – – – – – –

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.6 63.2 63.3 – – – – – –

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,055 8,339 8,295 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.3 60.5 60.2 – – – – – –

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443 379 433 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 4.3 5.0 – – – – – –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,857 5,070 5,054 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are

introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Oct.

2013

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

June

2014

July

2014

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population................ 37,796 38,596 38,679 37,796 38,352 38,430 38,512 38,596 38,679

Civilian labor force................................ 24,827 25,443 25,732 24,783 25,409 25,320 25,432 25,445 25,652

Participation rate............................... 65.7 65.9 66.5 65.6 66.3 65.9 66.0 65.9 66.3

Employed....................................... 22,643 23,787 24,051 22,543 23,433 23,345 23,523 23,696 23,917

Employment-population ratio............... 59.9 61.6 62.2 59.6 61.1 60.7 61.1 61.4 61.8

Unemployed.................................... 2,184 1,655 1,681 2,240 1,976 1,975 1,909 1,748 1,736

Unemployment rate......................... 8.8 6.5 6.5 9.0 7.8 7.8 7.5 6.9 6.8

Not in labor force................................. 12,968 13,154 12,947 13,013 12,943 13,110 13,080 13,152 13,026

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 13,790 14,141 14,279 – – – – – –

Participation rate............................... 80.8 81.0 81.6 – – – – – –

Employed....................................... 12,715 13,469 13,550 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio............... 74.5 77.1 77.4 – – – – – –

Unemployed.................................... 1,075 673 728 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate......................... 7.8 4.8 5.1 – – – – – –

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 9,907 10,275 10,284 – – – – – –

Participation rate............................... 58.0 58.9 58.8 – – – – – –

Employed....................................... 9,107 9,539 9,568 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio............... 53.4 54.6 54.7 – – – – – –

Unemployed.................................... 800 736 717 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate......................... 8.1 7.2 7.0 – – – – – –

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................ 1,130 1,026 1,169 – – – – – –

Participation rate............................... 30.9 28.0 31.8 – – – – – –

Employed....................................... 821 780 933 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio............... 22.5 21.3 25.4 – – – – – –

Unemployed.................................... 309 247 236 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate......................... 27.4 24.0 20.2 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2013

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

June

2014

July

2014

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................. 10,604 10,763 10,683 10,721 10,451 10,221 10,659 10,641 10,782

Participation rate.................................. 44.1 44.8 44.7 44.6 43.3 44.4 45.0 44.3 45.1

Employed.......................................... 9,525 9,971 9,896 9,563 9,497 9,243 9,689 9,751 9,927

Employment-population ratio................. 39.6 41.5 41.4 39.8 39.4 40.2 40.9 40.6 41.5

Unemployed....................................... 1,079 791 787 1,158 954 978 970 890 855

Unemployment rate............................ 10.2 7.4 7.4 10.8 9.1 9.6 9.1 8.4 7.9

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................. 36,210 36,165 36,258 36,311 36,112 36,146 36,338 36,029 36,248

Participation rate.................................. 58.3 58.3 58.1 58.4 57.8 57.7 58.1 58.0 58.1

Employed.......................................... 33,759 34,304 34,315 33,665 34,001 33,931 34,094 34,112 34,183

Employment-population ratio................. 54.3 55.3 55.0 54.2 54.5 54.2 54.5 55.0 54.8

Unemployed....................................... 2,451 1,860 1,943 2,646 2,112 2,216 2,244 1,917 2,065

Unemployment rate............................ 6.8 5.1 5.4 7.3 5.8 6.1 6.2 5.3 5.7

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................. 37,494 37,753 37,671 37,201 37,476 37,727 37,567 37,368 37,325

Participation rate.................................. 67.4 67.2 67.2 66.8 67.6 67.0 66.9 66.5 66.6

Employed.......................................... 35,105 35,768 35,836 34,852 35,598 35,716 35,543 35,338 35,520

Employment-population ratio................. 63.1 63.7 63.9 62.6 64.2 63.5 63.3 62.9 63.3

Unemployed....................................... 2,389 1,985 1,836 2,350 1,878 2,011 2,024 2,030 1,805

Unemployment rate............................ 6.4 5.3 4.9 6.3 5.0 5.3 5.4 5.4 4.8

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................. 49,607 50,265 50,601 49,329 50,383 50,355 50,093 50,404 50,437

Participation rate.................................. 75.4 74.5 74.8 75.0 75.2 74.7 74.6 74.7 74.6

Employed.......................................... 47,780 48,793 49,109 47,467 48,728 48,771 48,474 48,918 48,899

Employment-population ratio................. 72.7 72.3 72.6 72.2 72.7 72.4 72.2 72.5 72.3

Unemployed....................................... 1,826 1,471 1,493 1,863 1,654 1,584 1,618 1,485 1,538

Unemployment rate............................ 3.7 2.9 2.9 3.8 3.3 3.1 3.2 2.9 3.1

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2

Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2014

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,305 21,069 19,073 18,810 2,232 2,259

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,920 10,729 9,474 9,308 1,445 1,421

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.3 50.9 49.7 49.5 64.8 62.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,169 10,248 8,840 8,905 1,329 1,343

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.7 48.6 46.3 47.3 59.6 59.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 750 480 634 403 116 77

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 4.5 6.7 4.3 8.0 5.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,385 10,340 9,599 9,502 787 838

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,025 3,340 2,381 2,629 644 710

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,467 2,628 1,978 2,146 489 481

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.5 78.7 83.1 81.6 75.8 67.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,220 2,440 1,788 2,013 432 427

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.4 73.1 75.1 76.5 67.1 60.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 188 190 134 56 54

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.0 7.2 9.6 6.2 11.6 11.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558 712 402 483 156 229

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,095 3,202 2,568 2,599 527 604

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,597 2,680 2,192 2,227 405 454

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.9 83.7 85.3 85.7 76.8 75.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,431 2,605 2,055 2,161 377 444

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.6 81.3 80.0 83.1 71.4 73.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 76 137 66 28 10

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 2.8 6.3 3.0 7.0 2.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499 522 376 372 122 150

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,713 9,244 9,353 8,896 360 348

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,818 2,587 2,736 2,504 82 83

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.0 28.0 29.3 28.1 22.7 23.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,638 2,490 2,561 2,411 77 79

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.2 26.9 27.4 27.1 21.5 22.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 97 175 93 4 4

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 3.8 6.4 3.7 5.4 4.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,895 6,657 6,617 6,392 278 265

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,472 5,283 4,772 4,686 701 597

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,038 2,834 2,568 2,431 470 403

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.5 53.7 53.8 51.9 67.1 67.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,879 2,715 2,436 2,321 443 393

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.6 51.4 51.1 49.5 63.2 65.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 120 132 110 27 10

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 4.2 5.1 4.5 5.7 2.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,434 2,449 2,203 2,255 231 194

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216,102 218,556 95,381 96,681 120,721 121,875

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142,054 143,819 71,882 72,753 70,173 71,065

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.7 65.8 75.4 75.3 58.1 58.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132,446 136,031 66,846 69,006 65,600 67,025

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.3 62.2 70.1 71.4 54.3 55.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,608 7,788 5,035 3,747 4,573 4,040

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 5.4 7.0 5.2 6.5 5.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,047 74,738 23,499 23,928 50,549 50,810

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the

U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August

1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service

periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the

selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Beginning with data for January 2014, estimates for veterans incorporate updated

weighting procedures.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2014

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population...................................................... 28,557 29,742 217,824 218,914

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 5,722 5,942 149,195 150,674

Participation rate..................................................................... 20.0 20.0 68.5 68.8

Employed............................................................................. 4,988 5,269 139,156 142,667

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 17.5 17.7 63.9 65.2

Unemployed.......................................................................... 734 673 10,039 8,007

Unemployment rate............................................................... 12.8 11.3 6.7 5.3

Not in labor force....................................................................... 22,835 23,800 68,628 68,240

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,479 2,544 75,317 75,855

Participation rate..................................................................... 33.0 32.5 81.9 82.4

Employed............................................................................. 2,115 2,222 70,044 71,975

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 28.2 28.4 76.2 78.2

Unemployed.......................................................................... 364 322 5,273 3,880

Unemployment rate............................................................... 14.7 12.7 7.0 5.1

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,031 5,293 16,660 16,240

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,355 2,411 66,671 67,319

Participation rate..................................................................... 29.7 29.4 70.1 70.8

Employed............................................................................. 2,040 2,128 62,257 63,491

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 25.7 25.9 65.5 66.7

Unemployed.......................................................................... 315 284 4,414 3,829

Unemployment rate............................................................... 13.4 11.8 6.6 5.7

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,580 5,788 28,402 27,807

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 889 986 7,208 7,500

Participation rate..................................................................... 6.8 7.2 23.4 23.7

Employed............................................................................. 834 919 6,855 7,201

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 6.4 6.7 22.3 22.7

Unemployed.......................................................................... 55 67 352 298

Unemployment rate............................................................... 6.2 6.8 4.9 4.0

Not in labor force....................................................................... 12,224 12,719 23,566 24,193

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty

seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or

emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as

visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2014

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 38,816 39,696 18,843 19,553 19,973 20,143

Civilian labor force.................................................. 25,507 26,364 14,797 15,431 10,710 10,933

Participation rate.................................................. 65.7 66.4 78.5 78.9 53.6 54.3

Employed.......................................................... 23,874 24,984 13,894 14,745 9,980 10,239

Employment-population ratio................................. 61.5 62.9 73.7 75.4 50.0 50.8

Unemployed....................................................... 1,633 1,380 903 686 730 694

Unemployment rate............................................ 6.4 5.2 6.1 4.4 6.8 6.4

Not in labor force.................................................... 13,308 13,332 4,046 4,122 9,262 9,210

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 207,565 208,960 100,073 100,559 107,492 108,402

Civilian labor force.................................................. 129,410 130,252 67,464 67,644 61,946 62,608

Participation rate.................................................. 62.3 62.3 67.4 67.3 57.6 57.8

Employed.......................................................... 120,270 122,952 62,509 63,951 57,761 59,001

Employment-population ratio................................. 57.9 58.8 62.5 63.6 53.7 54.4

Unemployed....................................................... 9,140 7,300 4,955 3,693 4,185 3,606

Unemployment rate............................................ 7.1 5.6 7.3 5.5 6.8 5.8

Not in labor force.................................................... 78,155 78,709 32,608 32,915 45,546 45,794

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States

or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born

in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2013

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

June

2014

July

2014

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................. 2,263 2,482 2,517 2,208 2,138 2,133 2,224 2,379 2,402

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 1,415 1,677 1,689 1,348 1,379 1,413 1,522 1,545 1,584

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 800 782 800 796 734 709 727 785 784

Unpaid family workers........................... 48 23 28 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries.......................... 141,881 144,459 145,419 141,449 144,159 144,274 144,106 144,225 144,919

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 133,333 135,591 136,454 132,859 135,687 135,823 135,659 135,423 135,951

Government..................................... 19,864 19,795 20,049 19,706 20,357 20,453 20,120 19,717 19,940

Private industries............................... 113,469 115,796 116,405 113,184 115,294 115,297 115,576 115,697 116,098

Private households.......................... 796 747 773 – – – – – –

Other industries.............................. 112,673 115,050 115,631 112,370 114,487 114,456 114,791 114,945 115,325

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 8,492 8,810 8,916 8,528 8,370 8,424 8,454 8,685 8,936

Unpaid family workers........................... 57 58 50 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 7,700 6,711 6,787 8,016 7,544 7,511 7,277 7,103 7,027

Slack work or business conditions............. 4,878 3,966 4,109 5,025 4,525 4,609 4,261 4,162 4,214

Could only find part-time work.................. 2,618 2,524 2,414 2,585 2,648 2,519 2,587 2,562 2,447

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 19,228 19,771 20,332 18,755 19,880 19,662 19,526 19,561 19,769

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 7,628 6,618 6,698 7,921 7,436 7,400 7,203 6,990 6,923

Slack work or business conditions............. 4,832 3,909 4,059 4,967 4,474 4,548 4,232 4,088 4,155

Could only find part-time work.................. 2,611 2,509 2,394 2,593 2,637 2,507 2,585 2,537 2,400

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 18,866 19,396 19,935 18,438 19,533 19,250 19,098 19,167 19,319

1

Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for

the entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business

conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or

training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to

34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2013

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

June

2014

July

2014

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144,144 146,941 147,936 143,485 146,221 146,352 146,368 146,600 147,283

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,289 4,321 4,637 4,448 4,457 4,501 4,457 4,502 4,768

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,529 1,543 1,657 1,512 1,451 1,494 1,475 1,499 1,607

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,761 2,778 2,980 2,943 3,010 3,030 2,998 3,003 3,139

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,855 142,620 143,299 139,037 141,763 141,851 141,912 142,099 142,516

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,686 13,784 14,144 13,685 13,933 13,976 13,893 13,821 14,083

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,169 128,837 129,155 125,519 127,810 127,827 128,022 128,242 128,541

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94,553 96,117 96,262 94,014 95,507 95,365 95,617 95,607 95,782

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,391 32,204 32,396 31,206 31,923 31,885 31,986 32,058 32,217

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,745 31,183 31,162 30,579 30,940 30,843 30,945 31,033 30,999

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,417 32,730 32,705 32,228 32,643 32,637 32,685 32,516 32,566

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,616 32,720 32,893 31,505 32,303 32,462 32,405 32,635 32,760

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,403 78,409 78,696 76,014 77,653 77,866 77,843 78,102 78,321

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,113 2,124 2,297 2,206 2,143 2,212 2,179 2,192 2,365

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 717 763 784 737 648 700 702 730 771

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,396 1,360 1,513 1,477 1,500 1,514 1,496 1,460 1,581

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,290 76,286 76,399 73,808 75,510 75,654 75,664 75,910 75,956

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,990 7,188 7,353 6,998 7,227 7,250 7,237 7,199 7,326

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,300 69,097 69,045 66,927 68,263 68,357 68,464 68,706 68,684

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,558 51,684 51,610 50,252 51,146 51,178 51,255 51,403 51,336

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,992 17,478 17,494 16,820 17,322 17,306 17,322 17,356 17,351

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,622 16,905 16,899 16,552 16,762 16,713 16,731 16,814 16,818

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,944 17,302 17,217 16,879 17,062 17,159 17,203 17,233 17,167

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,742 17,413 17,435 16,676 17,117 17,179 17,208 17,303 17,348

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,741 68,532 69,240 67,471 68,568 68,486 68,525 68,499 68,962

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,176 2,197 2,340 2,242 2,314 2,289 2,278 2,310 2,403

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 812 779 872 775 803 795 773 769 836

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,364 1,418 1,468 1,466 1,510 1,517 1,502 1,543 1,558

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,565 66,335 66,900 65,229 66,254 66,197 66,247 66,189 66,559

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,696 6,595 6,790 6,687 6,706 6,726 6,656 6,622 6,757

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,869 59,740 60,110 58,591 59,547 59,469 59,558 59,536 59,858

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,995 44,433 44,653 43,762 44,361 44,186 44,361 44,204 44,445

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,399 14,726 14,902 14,386 14,601 14,578 14,664 14,701 14,866

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,123 14,278 14,263 14,027 14,178 14,130 14,214 14,219 14,181

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,473 15,428 15,488 15,349 15,582 15,478 15,483 15,284 15,398

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,874 15,307 15,457 14,829 15,186 15,283 15,197 15,332 15,412

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,162 44,600 44,624 43,832 44,508 44,331 44,273 44,261 44,339

Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,449 34,977 34,995 34,333 34,728 34,598 34,720 34,805 34,877

Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,381 9,351 9,483 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,798 119,791 120,176 116,306 118,204 118,489 118,616 119,287 119,632

Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,346 27,150 27,760 27,211 28,018 28,070 27,743 27,359 27,693

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,989 7,100 7,773 6,948 7,031 6,939 7,070 7,140 7,715

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 4.8 5.3 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.2

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,423 5,400 5,507 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,292 9,592 9,715 9,323 9,104 9,133 9,181 9,470 9,720

1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Oct.

2013

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

June

2014

July

2014

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over........................... 11,140 9,262 8,995 7.2 6.1 6.2 6.1 5.9 5.8

16 to 19 years..................................... 1,258 1,124 1,087 22.0 21.0 20.2 19.6 20.0 18.6

16 to 17 years.................................. 471 395 459 23.8 23.3 23.1 23.7 20.9 22.2

18 to 19 years.................................. 788 741 634 21.1 19.3 18.8 17.8 19.8 16.8

20 years and over................................ 9,882 8,138 7,909 6.6 5.5 5.7 5.7 5.4 5.3

20 to 24 years.................................. 1,909 1,785 1,654 12.2 10.5 11.3 10.6 11.4 10.5

25 years and over.............................. 8,070 6,271 6,300 6.0 5.0 5.0 5.1 4.7 4.7

25 to 54 years............................... 6,288 4,913 4,925 6.3 5.1 5.2 5.3 4.9 4.9

25 to 34 years............................. 2,426 2,101 2,126 7.2 6.5 6.6 6.9 6.2 6.2

35 to 44 years............................. 1,857 1,410 1,439 5.7 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.3 4.4

45 to 54 years............................. 2,005 1,401 1,360 5.9 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.1 4.0

55 years and over........................... 1,813 1,332 1,384 5.4 4.4 4.5 4.6 3.9 4.1

Men, 16 years and over............................ 6,171 4,872 4,638 7.5 6.3 6.2 6.2 5.9 5.6

16 to 19 years..................................... 713 617 562 24.4 23.2 22.0 21.4 22.0 19.2

16 to 17 years.................................. 224 199 259 23.3 26.6 25.7 25.5 21.4 25.2

18 to 19 years.................................. 500 419 312 25.3 21.1 20.5 19.9 22.3 16.5

20 years and over................................ 5,459 4,255 4,076 6.9 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.3 5.1

20 to 24 years.................................. 1,111 1,034 842 13.7 11.7 12.5 11.5 12.6 10.3

25 years and over.............................. 4,422 3,179 3,251 6.2 5.0 4.9 5.0 4.4 4.5

25 to 54 years............................... 3,431 2,454 2,484 6.4 5.1 5.1 5.3 4.6 4.6

25 to 34 years............................. 1,360 1,055 1,106 7.5 6.6 6.5 6.6 5.7 6.0

35 to 44 years............................. 998 685 720 5.7 4.5 4.8 4.9 3.9 4.1

45 to 54 years............................. 1,073 715 658 6.0 4.1 3.8 4.3 4.0 3.7

55 years and over........................... 991 725 767 5.6 4.9 4.3 4.4 4.0 4.2

Women, 16 years and over........................ 4,969 4,390 4,358 6.9 5.9 6.2 6.1 6.0 5.9

16 to 19 years..................................... 545 507 525 19.6 18.7 18.3 17.8 18.0 17.9

16 to 17 years.................................. 247 196 199 24.2 20.5 20.6 22.0 20.3 19.2

18 to 19 years.................................. 288 322 322 16.4 17.5 17.1 15.6 17.3 17.1

20 years and over................................ 4,423 3,884 3,833 6.4 5.3 5.7 5.7 5.5 5.4

20 to 24 years.................................. 798 751 812 10.7 9.1 9.8 9.6 10.2 10.7

25 years and over.............................. 3,649 3,092 3,050 5.9 4.9 5.2 5.2 4.9 4.8

25 to 54 years............................... 2,857 2,458 2,441 6.1 5.2 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.2

25 to 34 years............................. 1,066 1,047 1,020 6.9 6.5 6.6 7.2 6.6 6.4

35 to 44 years............................. 859 725 719 5.8 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.9 4.8

45 to 54 years............................. 932 686 701 5.7 4.3 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.4

55 years and over........................... 787 620 595 5.0 4.1 4.6 4.7 3.9 3.7

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present...................... 2,046 1,302 1,360 4.5 3.4 3.4 3.3 2.9 3.0

Married women, spouse present.................. 1,679 1,325 1,298 4.7 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.6

Women who maintain families1

.................... 982 848 904 9.5 8.1 9.1 9.3 8.3 8.7

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2................................... 9,587 7,574 7,538 7.6 6.2 6.4 6.3 6.0 5.9

Part-time workers3.................................. 1,574 1,657 1,462 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.0

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time

jobs.

3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from

part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2013

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

June

2014

July

2014

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 5,649 4,176 3,995 6,162 4,862 4,859 4,836 4,530 4,358

On temporary layoff.............................. 1,059 608 593 1,507 1,029 996 1,085 925 865

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 4,590 3,567 3,402 4,655 3,833 3,863 3,752 3,606 3,493

Permanent job losers.......................... 3,478 2,622 2,458 3,496 2,806 2,718 2,653 2,665 2,492

Persons who completed temporary jobs. . .. 1,112 946 944 1,159 1,027 1,145 1,098 940 1,001

Job leavers........................................... 883 892 803 842 854 862 860 829 794

Reentrants............................................ 3,071 2,851 2,863 3,104 2,707 2,848 2,845 2,809 2,871

New entrants......................................... 1,171 1,043 1,019 1,217 1,064 1,087 1,066 1,105 1,063

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 52.4 46.6 46.0 54.4 51.2 50.3 50.3 48.9 48.0

On temporary layoff.............................. 9.8 6.8 6.8 13.3 10.8 10.3 11.3 10.0 9.5

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 42.6 39.8 39.2 41.1 40.4 40.0 39.1 38.9 38.4

Job leavers........................................... 8.2 10.0 9.3 7.4 9.0 8.9 9.0 8.9 8.7

Reentrants............................................ 28.5 31.8 33.0 27.4 28.5 29.5 29.6 30.3 31.6

New entrants......................................... 10.9 11.6 11.7 10.7 11.2 11.3 11.1 11.9 11.7

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 3.6 2.7 2.6 4.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 2.9 2.8

Job leavers........................................... 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5

Reentrants............................................ 2.0 1.8 1.8 2.0 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8

New entrants......................................... 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2013

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

June

2014

July

2014

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 2,585 2,341 2,283 2,794 2,410 2,587 2,609 2,383 2,473

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 2,460 2,379 2,146 2,636 2,416 2,431 2,449 2,508 2,312

15 weeks and over.................................. 5,729 4,242 4,251 5,824 4,553 4,566 4,450 4,371 4,332

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 1,772 1,332 1,413 1,777 1,472 1,412 1,486 1,416 1,417

27 weeks and over............................... 3,957 2,910 2,838 4,047 3,081 3,155 2,963 2,954 2,916

Average (mean) duration, in weeks............... 36.5 32.1 33.8 36.0 33.5 32.4 31.7 31.5 32.7

Median duration, in weeks......................... 16.8 13.5 14.0 16.5 13.1 13.3 13.2 13.3 13.7

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 24.0 26.1 26.3 24.8 25.7 27.0 27.4 25.7 27.1

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 22.8 26.5 24.7 23.4 25.8 25.4 25.8 27.1 25.4

15 weeks and over.................................. 53.2 47.3 49.0 51.7 48.5 47.6 46.8 47.2 47.5

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 16.4 14.9 16.3 15.8 15.7 14.7 15.6 15.3 15.5

27 weeks and over............................... 36.7 32.5 32.7 36.0 32.8 32.9 31.2 31.9 32.0

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2014

Total, 16 years and over1............................................. 144,144 147,936 10,773 8,680 7.0 5.5

Management, professional, and related occupations........... 55,155 56,759 1,930 1,582 3.4 2.7

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations..................................................... 22,842 23,365 880 643 3.7 2.7

Professional and related occupations.......................... 32,314 33,394 1,050 939 3.1 2.7

Service occupations................................................ 25,951 26,146 2,217 2,076 7.9 7.4

Sales and office occupations...................................... 32,966 33,259 2,535 1,817 7.1 5.2

Sales and related occupations.................................. 15,408 15,504 1,214 847 7.3 5.2

Office and administrative support occupations............... 17,558 17,755 1,321 970 7.0 5.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations........................................................ 12,995 13,867 1,257 967 8.8 6.5

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.................... 1,021 1,077 150 122 12.8 10.2

Construction and extraction occupations...................... 7,037 7,813 826 650 10.5 7.7

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations........... 4,937 4,977 280 195 5.4 3.8

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations........................................................ 17,077 17,906 1,619 1,184 8.7 6.2

Production occupations.......................................... 8,421 8,671 707 554 7.7 6.0

Transportation and material moving occupations............ 8,656 9,235 912 630 9.5 6.4

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2014

Total, 16 years and over1................................................................ 10,773 8,680 7.0 5.5

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers.................................. 8,011 6,580 6.6 5.4

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.................................... 67 53 6.1 4.5

Construction.......................................................................... 733 542 9.0 6.4

Manufacturing........................................................................ 956 658 6.2 4.3

Durable goods..................................................................... 609 424 6.1 4.4

Nondurable goods................................................................ 348 235 6.3 4.1

Wholesale and retail trade......................................................... 1,355 1,031 6.8 5.1

Transportation and utilities......................................................... 390 295 6.4 4.5

Information............................................................................ 217 139 7.9 4.7

Financial activities................................................................... 442 331 4.6 3.6

Professional and business services............................................... 1,208 1,004 7.5 6.5

Education and health services..................................................... 946 1,011 4.2 4.4

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 1,185 1,169 8.8 8.5

Other services........................................................................ 511 348 7.7 5.2

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers......................... 163 134 10.7 7.6

Government workers................................................................... 920 564 4.4 2.7

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............ 509 384 5.1 3.8

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2013

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

June

2014

July

2014

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014

Oct.

2014

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,

as a percent of the civilian labor force......... 3.7 2.7 2.7 3.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.8

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force......................................... 3.6 2.7 2.6 4.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 2.9 2.8

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate)................................................ 7.0 5.7 5.5 7.2 6.1 6.2 6.1 5.9 5.8

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged

workers, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus discouraged workers................. 7.4 6.2 6.0 7.7 6.5 6.6 6.6 6.4 6.2

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged

workers, plus all other persons marginally

attached to the labor force, as a percent of

the civilian labor force plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . .. 8.3 7.1 6.8 8.6 7.3 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.1

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic

reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus all persons marginally attached to

the labor force..................................... 13.2 11.3 11.1 13.7 12.1 12.2 12.0 11.8 11.5

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and

are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have

given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are

available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2014

Oct.

2013

Oct.

2014

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force........................................... 91,463 92,041 36,654 37,037 54,809 55,004

Persons who currently want a job................................ 5,683 6,122 2,659 2,852 3,025 3,269

Marginally attached to the labor force1........................ 2,283 2,192 1,267 1,154 1,016 1,038

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 815 770 542 480 273 290

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. .. 1,468 1,423 725 674 743 748

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4

............................................. 6,989 7,773 3,428 3,805 3,562 3,968

Percent of total employed.......................................... 4.8 5.3 4.5 4.8 5.3 5.7

Primary job full time, secondary job part time................... 3,645 4,089 2,028 2,386 1,617 1,704

Primary and secondary jobs both part time..................... 2,074 2,172 725 691 1,348 1,482

Primary and secondary jobs both full time....................... 232 227 146 126 86 100

Hours vary on primary or secondary job......................... 1,014 1,233 518 574 496 660

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference

week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks

schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and

transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4

Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

Change

from:

Sept.2014

-

Oct.2014p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138,013 139,061 139,753 140,817 137,037 139,210 139,466 139,680 214

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,798 118,258 117,951 118,518 115,183 117,313 117,557 117,766 209

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,029 19,541 19,491 19,491 18,756 19,140 19,176 19,204 28

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 888 936 939 936 881 919 927 928 1

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.8 58.0 58.2 58.4 53.2 55.4 55.2 55.4 0.2

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 832.3 878.0 881.1 877.2 827.6 863.4 871.3 872.7 1.4

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200.3 214.3 212.9 215.5 200.6 212.2 213.1 215.6 2.5

Mining, except oil and gas1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213.3 218.2 216.5 214.1 210.0 211.7 211.7 210.9 -0.8

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.5 78.6 78.2 76.2 80.1 78.0 77.9 76.7 -1.2

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418.7 445.5 451.7 447.6 417.0 439.5 446.5 446.2 -0.3

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,086 6,351 6,320 6,328 5,864 6,064 6,083 6,095 12

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,339.9 1,412.3 1,409.0 1,407.8 1,303.1 1,367.6 1,375.3 1,371.2 -4.1

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643.4 695.9 697.5 694.8 626.3 670.7 678.5 676.2 -2.3

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 696.5 716.4 711.5 713.0 676.8 696.9 696.8 695.0 -1.8

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . 954.1 987.0 989.5 990.7 889.7 919.9 922.5 928.0 5.5

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,792.1 3,951.6 3,921.1 3,929.1 3,671.6 3,776.8 3,785.4 3,795.6 10.2

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . 1,616.5 1,709.0 1,693.6 1,704.0 1,561.2 1,625.3 1,631.6 1,641.9 10.3

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 2,175.6 2,242.6 2,227.5 2,225.1 2,110.4 2,151.5 2,153.8 2,153.7 -0.1

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,055 12,254 12,232 12,227 12,011 12,157 12,166 12,181 15

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,571 7,734 7,719 7,727 7,562 7,693 7,702 7,716 14

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358.9 375.7 374.0 374.4 357.8 370.9 371.4 372.8 1.4

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381.7 399.8 398.5 398.5 375.4 389.9 391.2 391.6 0.4

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392.8 402.0 403.6 403.6 392.0 401.2 402.4 402.4 0.0

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,444.1 1,464.1 1,463.5 1,467.8 1,441.8 1,457.9 1,460.3 1,464.1 3.8

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,105.1 1,136.2 1,130.8 1,138.3 1,106.0 1,133.8 1,134.1 1,139.3 5.2

Computer and electronic products1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,063.1 1,061.8 1,057.8 1,056.6 1,064.2 1,056.2 1,057.2 1,058.7 1.5

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . 159.6 171.0 169.3 168.2 160.1 168.8 168.4 168.5 0.1

Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.5 97.0 96.7 96.1 100.8 96.8 96.7 96.1 -0.6

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372.8 368.4 367.0 368.1 372.7 366.9 367.2 369.2 2.0

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392.1 386.2 386.0 385.5 392.6 384.9 386.3 386.4 0.1

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . 374.1 375.4 373.0 372.3 374.4 374.3 372.9 371.5 -1.4

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,510.4 1,562.2 1,562.0 1,558.1 1,510.6 1,559.2 1,558.8 1,559.1 0.3

Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 833.5 871.4 873.4 871.6 833.7 869.1 870.5 871.1 0.6

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360.5 376.7 373.9 374.5 360.4 371.2 372.7 376.4 3.7

Miscellaneous durable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580.4 580.1 582.0 583.1 579.2 578.6 581.2 580.2 -1.0

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,484 4,520 4,513 4,500 4,449 4,464 4,464 4,465 1

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,493.5 1,508.9 1,505.9 1,492.3 1,467.6 1,472.3 1,471.8 1,470.3 -1.5

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.5 117.0 117.3 116.9 117.6 116.6 116.7 116.5 -0.2

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112.7 114.4 112.9 113.1 112.1 112.9 112.4 112.7 0.3

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140.7 130.8 133.2 132.2 140.3 131.6 132.1 131.3 -0.8

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376.6 373.4 370.6 371.5 376.7 372.7 371.1 371.7 0.6

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . 444.0 440.4 439.5 439.6 442.9 439.3 439.4 438.2 -1.2

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112.9 116.8 115.7 115.3 109.7 114.1 113.7 113.4 -0.3

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 789.6 808.5 805.4 806.6 791.3 805.3 805.7 808.1 2.4

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655.9 667.9 666.6 668.4 656.4 663.4 663.7 665.4 1.7

Miscellaneous nondurable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240.2 242.3 245.6 244.3 234.6 235.6 237.2 237.7 0.5

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96,769 98,717 98,460 99,027 96,427 98,173 98,381 98,562 181

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,083 26,438 26,418 26,649 26,017 26,458 26,500 26,549 49

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,782.4 5,903.4 5,889.6 5,906.7 5,769.0 5,881.1 5,886.2 5,894.7 8.5

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,889.3 2,961.7 2,946.7 2,956.3 2,885.7 2,948.3 2,946.9 2,951.7 4.8

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,994.1 2,024.1 2,024.6 2,028.2 1,986.8 2,018.2 2,020.9 2,022.1 1.2

Electronic markets and agents and

brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 899.0 917.6 918.3 922.2 896.5 914.6 918.4 920.9 2.5

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,202.6 15,379.3 15,301.3 15,481.9 15,187.4 15,375.4 15,409.4 15,436.5 27.1

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,815.1 1,882.5 1,878.8 1,878.1 1,807.8 1,865.4 1,864.7 1,867.2 2.5

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

Change

from:

Sept.2014

-

Oct.2014p

Motor vehicle and parts dealers - Continued

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,150.9 1,191.3 1,189.2 1,193.3 1,146.9 1,184.3 1,182.4 1,186.7 4.3

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . 450.3 451.3 452.8 466.2 444.9 456.8 459.4 460.2 0.8

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 516.2 494.8 498.4 513.4 511.9 506.2 508.7 505.6 -3.1

Building material and garden supply

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,203.6 1,241.7 1,220.9 1,215.1 1,224.8 1,231.0 1,233.2 1,232.0 -1.2

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,970.4 3,014.6 3,014.3 3,029.6 2,967.3 2,998.6 3,019.3 3,026.8 7.5

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,024.7 1,015.8 1,014.3 1,029.1 1,023.6 1,019.1 1,019.8 1,022.7 2.9

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 877.5 892.8 883.7 883.4 875.7 879.0 878.4 880.9 2.5

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . 1,376.1 1,401.6 1,354.8 1,376.0 1,376.7 1,388.5 1,382.8 1,374.9 -7.9

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 605.6 583.3 589.2 604.2 605.4 586.9 592.2 595.6 3.4

General merchandise stores1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,072.8 3,100.2 3,085.3 3,135.9 3,083.5 3,138.8 3,141.6 3,153.5 11.9

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,328.0 1,316.2 1,303.7 1,327.0 1,340.0 1,343.5 1,341.8 1,342.2 0.4

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 808.8 815.2 817.0 837.7 796.9 811.5 813.2 818.0 4.8

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481.5 485.5 491.8 513.2 468.9 493.6 496.1 499.1 3.0

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,547.6 4,597.4 4,674.4 4,705.8 4,509.7 4,645.6 4,650.8 4,664.1 13.3

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447.2 459.2 456.3 456.9 447.7 456.9 456.4 459.2 2.8

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231.1 239.9 240.9 241.4 231.1 238.5 240.9 240.3 -0.6

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.9 70.8 68.6 67.6 65.2 68.2 67.5 66.7 -0.8

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,401.3 1,436.5 1,436.4 1,438.5 1,384.2 1,411.5 1,415.6 1,419.5 3.9

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469.6 399.2 472.2 478.2 451.5 465.8 460.5 459.8 -0.7

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.2 45.5 45.6 45.5 44.2 45.4 45.5 45.6 0.1

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . 28.8 37.9 34.1 30.2 28.2 30.0 29.3 29.7 0.4

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . 598.7 611.3 613.3 621.8 595.6 612.6 615.2 617.8 2.6

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530.9 552.2 560.9 572.0 542.0 572.7 576.9 581.0 4.1

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 729.9 744.9 746.1 753.7 720.0 744.0 743.0 744.5 1.5

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550.7 558.0 553.0 554.5 551.2 555.4 553.6 554.0 0.4

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,674 2,707 2,695 2,701 2,688 2,689 2,702 2,698 -4

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . 733.1 730.8 727.4 725.3 730.8 726.8 725.7 723.4 -2.3

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329.7 321.1 304.6 306.4 345.4 308.7 311.4 309.6 -1.8

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287.7 296.6 294.8 292.1 287.0 296.3 293.5 291.3 -2.2

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 855.7 867.4 877.9 881.5 856.5 868.6 879.7 880.5 0.8

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268.5 274.7 274.5 277.3 269.2 274.2 275.3 276.6 1.3

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199.4 216.4 216.0 218.7 199.2 213.9 216.2 216.8 0.6

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,905 8,032 7,993 7,999 7,903 7,973 7,985 7,988 3

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,883.7 5,932.1 5,922.3 5,932.2 5,886.2 5,917.0 5,927.3 5,927.9 0.6

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . 18.1 18.3 18.2 18.2 18.0 18.1 18.1 18.2 0.1

Credit intermediation and related

activities1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,605.5 2,580.7 2,571.3 2,571.3 2,610.3 2,572.9 2,572.4 2,570.6 -1.8

Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . . 1,718.7 1,704.9 1,692.5 1,692.7 1,723.2 1,698.5 1,696.4 1,693.4 -3.0

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,295.1 1,274.9 1,265.5 1,265.5 1,297.8 1,270.8 1,268.6 1,266.1 -2.5

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . . 867.0 886.3 882.5 884.1 866.2 882.3 885.5 886.8 1.3

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . 2,393.1 2,446.8 2,450.3 2,458.6 2,391.7 2,443.7 2,451.3 2,452.3 1.0

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,021.6 2,099.7 2,070.5 2,066.7 2,016.9 2,055.9 2,057.4 2,059.7 2.3

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,474.1 1,511.7 1,492.6 1,493.1 1,471.1 1,485.0 1,486.2 1,487.5 1.3

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524.8 565.7 555.9 551.5 523.1 548.9 549.3 550.2 0.9

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . 22.7 22.3 22.0 22.1 22.7 22.0 21.9 22.0 0.1

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,918 19,455 19,453 19,591 18,753 19,318 19,373 19,410 37

Professional and technical services1

. . . . . . . . . . . 8,163.0 8,367.9 8,326.3 8,411.1 8,194.5 8,394.7 8,407.9 8,427.9 20.0

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,138.0 1,140.5 1,128.0 1,136.0 1,137.1 1,138.4 1,134.4 1,134.7 0.3

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . 874.0 900.0 893.7 910.6 943.6 965.5 965.6 968.5 2.9

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . 1,372.8 1,429.3 1,423.3 1,428.1 1,365.6 1,411.5 1,416.5 1,419.4 2.9

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,721.9 1,773.4 1,761.7 1,786.6 1,714.1 1,767.4 1,769.4 1,776.2 6.8

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

Change

from:

Sept.2014

-

Oct.2014p

Professional and technical services -

Continued

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,205.8 1,244.1 1,246.8 1,261.5 1,196.9 1,239.7 1,247.0 1,251.0 4.0

Management of companies and enterprises. . . 2,103.5 2,150.8 2,138.2 2,138.5 2,105.2 2,142.1 2,139.6 2,139.2 -0.4

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,651.9 8,936.4 8,988.2 9,041.6 8,453.5 8,781.5 8,825.4 8,842.5 17.1

Administrative and support services1. . . . . . . . 8,275.0 8,546.7 8,602.3 8,658.1 8,078.3 8,400.1 8,443.6 8,461.8 18.2

Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,515.6 3,668.7 3,736.7 3,798.4 3,393.2 3,626.6 3,654.2 3,678.2 24.0

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,818.0 2,940.3 3,004.9 3,052.5 2,705.0 2,909.8 2,927.6 2,942.7 15.1

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 871.6 856.0 867.0 884.7 860.3 866.9 870.0 871.3 1.3

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . 1,945.6 2,052.0 2,015.7 1,991.9 1,897.6 1,948.7 1,949.4 1,947.0 -2.4

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376.9 389.7 385.9 383.5 375.2 381.4 381.8 380.7 -1.1

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,392 21,229 21,515 21,850 21,212 21,556 21,599 21,640 41

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,511.4 3,104.2 3,369.4 3,600.7 3,362.5 3,410.4 3,428.9 3,442.6 13.7

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,881.0 18,124.3 18,145.9 18,249.7 17,849.7 18,145.5 18,170.1 18,197.3 27.2

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,592.0 14,806.0 14,794.9 14,864.0 14,572.8 14,781.7 14,805.2 14,829.7 24.5

Ambulatory health care services1. . . . . . . . . 6,560.0 6,716.9 6,719.8 6,765.3 6,541.2 6,710.3 6,725.0 6,743.5 18.5

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,461.3 2,506.1 2,502.2 2,516.9 2,451.6 2,505.2 2,506.4 2,510.0 3.6

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693.7 722.7 723.3 726.9 693.0 722.1 725.3 725.3 0.0

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,258.6 1,289.3 1,298.3 1,310.9 1,255.2 1,291.2 1,296.5 1,303.9 7.4

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,796.5 4,817.0 4,817.7 4,832.5 4,796.8 4,812.7 4,818.5 4,822.0 3.5

Nursing and residential care facilities1

. . . . 3,235.5 3,272.1 3,257.4 3,266.2 3,234.8 3,258.7 3,261.7 3,264.2 2.5

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,652.5 1,659.6 1,651.8 1,652.7 1,652.1 1,653.7 1,652.4 1,651.4 -1.0

Social assistance1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,289.0 3,318.3 3,351.0 3,385.7 3,276.9 3,363.8 3,364.9 3,367.6 2.7

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 864.0 821.1 865.8 883.3 847.7 866.0 864.5 866.4 1.9

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,324 15,296 14,880 14,718 14,380 14,660 14,708 14,760 52

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,013.4 2,356.3 2,151.1 2,075.4 2,055.2 2,090.9 2,103.2 2,115.1 11.9

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . 429.0 468.2 462.6 456.7 425.4 442.5 449.7 454.1 4.4

Museums, historical sites, and similar

institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140.5 151.5 142.8 141.1 140.4 141.3 141.3 141.3 0.0

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . 1,443.9 1,736.6 1,545.7 1,477.6 1,489.4 1,507.1 1,512.2 1,519.7 7.5

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . 12,310.2 12,940.0 12,729.3 12,642.8 12,324.3 12,569.0 12,604.6 12,645.1 40.5

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,860.6 2,011.0 1,917.3 1,865.5 1,870.9 1,872.3 1,873.8 1,872.5 -1.3

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 10,449.6 10,929.0 10,812.0 10,777.3 10,453.4 10,696.7 10,730.8 10,772.6 41.8

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,473 5,560 5,506 5,519 5,474 5,519 5,514 5,517 3

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,213.3 1,225.5 1,222.8 1,220.5 1,211.0 1,220.7 1,216.8 1,214.8 -2.0

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,352.6 1,377.9 1,368.4 1,370.2 1,354.5 1,369.9 1,368.1 1,371.0 2.9

Membership associations and organizations. . . 2,907.5 2,956.3 2,914.5 2,928.4 2,908.9 2,927.9 2,929.3 2,930.8 1.5

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,215 20,803 21,802 22,299 21,854 21,897 21,909 21,914 5

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,729.0 2,728.0 2,720.0 2,715.0 2,732.0 2,716.0 2,714.0 2,711.0 -3.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,138.7 2,137.7 2,129.5 2,124.8 2,143.4 2,125.2 2,122.9 2,123.2 0.3

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 590.2 590.7 590.8 590.6 588.1 590.4 590.6 587.6 -3.0

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,214.0 4,764.0 5,092.0 5,229.0 5,057.0 5,047.0 5,065.0 5,066.0 1.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,566.8 2,092.5 2,441.4 2,582.1 2,399.9 2,391.4 2,409.0 2,408.8 -0.2

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 2,647.3 2,671.2 2,650.8 2,647.2 2,657.2 2,655.9 2,656.3 2,656.9 0.6

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,272.0 13,311.0 13,990.0 14,355.0 14,065.0 14,134.0 14,130.0 14,137.0 7.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,036.7 6,816.6 7,691.5 8,079.7 7,793.5 7,818.3 7,822.4 7,819.3 -3.1

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 6,235.7 6,494.7 6,298.7 6,275.7 6,271.4 6,315.3 6,307.5 6,318.1 10.6

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3

Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 34.4 34.5 34.5 34.6

Goods-producing.................................................................... 40.4 40.6 40.4 40.5

Mining and logging................................................................ 44.1 44.9 44.5 45.0

Construction....................................................................... 38.8 39.2 39.0 39.2

Manufacturing..................................................................... 40.9 40.9 40.8 40.8

Durable goods.................................................................. 41.3 41.4 41.4 41.3

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 40.1 40.1 39.9 40.0

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.2 33.3 33.4 33.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 34.5 34.5 34.5 34.6

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.9 38.9 39.0 38.9

Retail trade...................................................................... 31.3 31.3 31.3 31.4

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.8 38.5 38.6 38.8

Utilities........................................................................... 42.1 42.4 42.2 42.5

Information......................................................................... 36.8 36.8 36.8 36.8

Financial activities................................................................ 37.1 37.2 37.3 37.3

Professional and business services............................................ 36.0 36.2 36.2 36.3

Education and health services.................................................. 32.7 32.8 32.8 32.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 25.9 26.2 26.2 26.2

Other services..................................................................... 31.7 31.7 31.8 31.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.4

Durable goods....................................................................... 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.5

Nondurable goods................................................................... 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.2

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

Total private............................................... $24.09 $24.54 $24.54 $24.57 $828.70 $846.63 $846.63 $850.12

Goods-producing....................................... 25.30 25.79 25.79 25.88 1,022.12 1,047.07 1,041.92 1,048.14

Mining and logging.................................. 30.26 31.04 31.14 31.15 1,334.47 1,393.70 1,385.73 1,401.75

Construction.......................................... 26.19 26.74 26.82 26.86 1,016.17 1,048.21 1,045.98 1,052.91

Manufacturing........................................ 24.50 24.91 24.86 24.96 1,002.05 1,018.82 1,014.29 1,018.37

Durable goods.................................... 25.87 26.24 26.19 26.29 1,068.43 1,086.34 1,084.27 1,085.78

Nondurable goods................................ 22.09 22.53 22.47 22.60 885.81 903.45 896.55 904.00

Private service-providing.............................. 23.80 24.24 24.25 24.26 790.16 807.19 809.95 810.28

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 21.12 21.47 21.44 21.47 728.64 740.72 739.68 742.86

Wholesale trade.................................. 27.82 28.22 28.08 28.12 1,082.20 1,097.76 1,095.12 1,093.87

Retail trade........................................ 16.71 17.05 17.05 17.09 523.02 533.67 533.67 536.63

Transportation and warehousing............... 22.64 22.87 22.90 22.91 878.43 880.50 883.94 888.91

Utilities............................................. 35.12 35.52 35.55 35.72 1,478.55 1,506.05 1,500.21 1,518.10

Information........................................... 33.19 34.27 34.65 34.28 1,221.39 1,261.14 1,275.12 1,261.50

Financial activities................................... 30.31 30.86 30.91 30.91 1,124.50 1,147.99 1,152.94 1,152.94

Professional and business services.............. 28.60 29.29 29.29 29.28 1,029.60 1,060.30 1,060.30 1,062.86

Education and health services..................... 24.54 24.78 24.75 24.81 802.46 812.78 811.80 813.77

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 13.57 13.97 14.00 14.06 351.46 366.01 366.80 368.37

Other services....................................... 21.61 21.97 22.00 22.04 685.04 696.45 699.60 700.87

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

Percent

change

from:

Sept.

2014 -

Oct.

2014p

Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

Percent

change

from:

Sept.

2014 -

Oct.

2014p

Total private..................................... 99.1 101.2 101.4 101.9 0.5 113.9 118.5 118.7 119.4 0.6

Goods-producing............................. 86.3 88.5 88.3 88.6 0.3 98.7 103.2 102.9 103.6 0.7

Mining and logging........................ 122.1 129.7 129.6 131.2 1.2 148.3 161.6 162.1 164.1 1.2

Construction................................ 78.4 81.9 81.8 82.4 0.7 89.2 95.2 95.3 96.1 0.8

Manufacturing.............................. 88.4 89.5 89.3 89.4 0.1 100.7 103.6 103.2 103.8 0.6

Durable goods........................... 87.9 89.7 89.8 89.7 -0.1 101.0 104.5 104.4 104.8 0.4

Nondurable goods...................... 89.0 89.3 88.9 89.1 0.2 99.8 102.1 101.3 102.2 0.9

Private service-providing.................... 102.4 104.6 105.2 105.3 0.1 118.2 123.0 123.6 123.9 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 97.6 99.3 99.4 99.9 0.5 111.0 114.7 114.7 115.4 0.6

Wholesale trade......................... 97.9 99.8 100.2 100.0 -0.2 113.7 117.6 117.4 117.4 0.0

Retail trade.............................. 96.6 97.8 98.0 98.5 0.5 106.7 110.2 110.4 111.2 0.7

Transportation and warehousing...... 100.1 102.4 102.7 103.6 0.9 115.1 118.8 119.4 120.4 0.8

Utilities.................................... 100.4 101.9 101.1 101.9 0.8 116.5 119.6 118.7 120.2 1.3

Information................................. 90.3 90.4 90.8 90.7 -0.1 106.8 110.3 112.0 110.7 -1.2

Financial activities......................... 96.0 97.1 97.5 97.6 0.1 113.5 116.9 117.6 117.6 0.0

Professional and business services..... 106.2 110.0 110.3 110.8 0.5 123.0 130.5 130.9 131.5 0.5

Education and health services........... 111.3 113.5 113.7 113.9 0.2 128.7 132.5 132.6 133.1 0.4

Leisure and hospitality.................... 106.3 109.6 110.0 110.3 0.3 116.3 123.5 124.2 125.2 0.8

Other services............................. 96.1 96.9 97.2 97.2 0.0 117.9 120.9 121.3 121.6 0.2

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

Total nonfarm............................................. 67,823 68,729 68,855 68,982 49.5 49.4 49.4 49.4

Total private............................................ 55,336 56,227 56,335 56,462 48.0 47.9 47.9 47.9

Goods-producing.................................... 4,123 4,193 4,201 4,217 22.0 21.9 21.9 22.0

Mining and logging............................... 117 123 124 126 13.3 13.4 13.4 13.6

Construction....................................... 747 771 773 778 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.8

Manufacturing..................................... 3,259 3,299 3,304 3,313 27.1 27.1 27.2 27.2

Durable goods.................................. 1,744 1,771 1,777 1,785 23.1 23.0 23.1 23.1

Nondurable goods............................. 1,515 1,528 1,527 1,528 34.1 34.2 34.2 34.2

Private service-providing........................... 51,213 52,034 52,134 52,245 53.1 53.0 53.0 53.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............. 10,562 10,708 10,722 10,743 40.6 40.5 40.5 40.5

Wholesale trade................................ 1,712.5 1,734.0 1,731.1 1,732.9 29.7 29.5 29.4 29.4

Retail trade..................................... 7,648.8 7,740.4 7,758.4 7,773.1 50.4 50.3 50.3 50.4

Transportation and warehousing............. 1,064.5 1,099.7 1,098.8 1,104.2 23.6 23.7 23.6 23.7

Utilities........................................... 135.7 134.1 133.6 133.2 24.6 24.1 24.1 24.0

Information......................................... 1,074 1,084 1,084 1,084 40.0 40.3 40.1 40.2

Financial activities................................ 4,544 4,560 4,566 4,570 57.5 57.2 57.2 57.2

Professional and business services............ 8,391 8,616 8,641 8,657 44.7 44.6 44.6 44.6

Education and health services.................. 16,291 16,556 16,588 16,629 76.8 76.8 76.8 76.8

Leisure and hospitality........................... 7,478 7,619 7,640 7,666 52.0 52.0 51.9 51.9

Other services..................................... 2,873 2,891 2,893 2,896 52.5 52.4 52.5 52.5

Government............................................. 12,487 12,502 12,520 12,520 57.1 57.1 57.1 57.1

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

Total private............................................................................... 95,172 96,923 97,090 97,239

Goods-producing....................................................................... 13,495 13,790 13,810 13,826

Mining and logging.................................................................. 649 670 675 678

Construction.......................................................................... 4,436 4,567 4,585 4,588

Manufacturing........................................................................ 8,410 8,553 8,550 8,560

Durable goods..................................................................... 5,197 5,303 5,301 5,313

Nondurable goods................................................................ 3,213 3,250 3,249 3,247

Private service-providing.............................................................. 81,677 83,133 83,280 83,413

Trade, transportation, and utilities................................................. 21,998 22,341 22,344 22,373

Wholesale trade................................................................... 4,654.0 4,757.0 4,755.6 4,759.7

Retail trade........................................................................ 13,005.4 13,118.5 13,127.4 13,144.8

Transportation and warehousing................................................ 3,892.1 4,016.2 4,014.4 4,021.3

Utilities.............................................................................. 446.0 449.1 447.0 446.7

Information............................................................................ 2,181 2,188 2,196 2,192

Financial activities................................................................... 6,082 6,157 6,169 6,164

Professional and business services............................................... 15,532 16,009 16,060 16,081

Education and health services..................................................... 18,611 18,922 18,966 19,011

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 12,708 12,922 12,962 13,021

Other services........................................................................ 4,565 4,594 4,583 4,571

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 33.6 33.8 33.7 33.8

Goods-producing.................................................................... 41.3 41.6 41.6 41.7

Mining and logging................................................................ 45.3 47.7 47.3 47.6

Construction....................................................................... 39.5 39.8 39.7 40.0

Manufacturing..................................................................... 41.9 42.0 42.1 42.1

Durable goods.................................................................. 42.4 42.4 42.6 42.5

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 41.2 41.3 41.4 41.4

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.3 32.5 32.4 32.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 33.6 33.6 33.6 33.6

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.6 38.6 38.6 38.5

Retail trade...................................................................... 30.1 30.0 30.0 30.0

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.4 38.4 38.4 38.4

Utilities........................................................................... 41.4 42.1 42.0 42.5

Information......................................................................... 35.9 36.1 35.9 36.1

Financial activities................................................................ 36.6 36.7 36.7 36.7

Professional and business services............................................ 35.3 35.6 35.6 35.7

Education and health services.................................................. 32.0 32.1 32.0 32.1

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 25.0 25.2 25.2 25.1

Other services..................................................................... 30.6 30.7 30.8 30.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.4

Durable goods....................................................................... 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.6

Nondurable goods................................................................... 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.2

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

Total private............................................... $20.25 $20.67 $20.66 $20.70 $680.40 $698.65 $696.24 $699.66

Goods-producing....................................... 21.30 21.65 21.67 21.71 879.69 900.64 901.47 905.31

Mining and logging.................................. 27.12 27.08 27.14 27.14 1,228.54 1,291.72 1,283.72 1,291.86

Construction.......................................... 24.22 24.69 24.77 24.83 956.69 982.66 983.37 993.20

Manufacturing........................................ 19.37 19.63 19.61 19.64 811.60 824.46 825.58 826.84

Durable goods.................................... 20.42 20.70 20.68 20.70 865.81 877.68 880.97 879.75

Nondurable goods................................ 17.61 17.83 17.83 17.85 725.53 736.38 738.16 738.99

Private service-providing.............................. 20.03 20.46 20.45 20.49 646.97 664.95 662.58 665.93

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 17.88 18.35 18.32 18.35 600.77 616.56 615.55 616.56

Wholesale trade.................................. 22.77 23.36 23.26 23.32 878.92 901.70 897.84 897.82

Retail trade........................................ 14.10 14.45 14.45 14.47 424.41 433.50 433.50 434.10

Transportation and warehousing............... 20.09 20.56 20.57 20.57 771.46 789.50 789.89 789.89

Utilities............................................. 32.56 32.88 32.80 32.95 1,347.98 1,384.25 1,377.60 1,400.38

Information........................................... 28.09 28.73 28.43 28.43 1,008.43 1,037.15 1,020.64 1,026.32

Financial activities................................... 24.15 24.89 24.88 24.92 883.89 913.46 913.10 914.56

Professional and business services.............. 23.80 24.27 24.25 24.24 840.14 864.01 863.30 865.37

Education and health services..................... 21.42 21.67 21.71 21.77 685.44 695.61 694.72 698.82

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 11.86 12.15 12.21 12.28 296.50 306.18 307.69 308.23

Other services....................................... 18.18 18.50 18.49 18.50 556.31 567.95 569.49 569.80

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

Percent

change

from:

Sept.

2014 -

Oct.

2014p

Oct.

2013

Aug.

2014

Sept.

2014p

Oct.

2014p

Percent

change

from:

Sept.

2014 -

Oct.

2014p

Total private..................................... 106.6 109.2 109.0 109.5 0.5 144.2 150.8 150.5 151.5 0.7

Goods-producing............................. 85.2 87.7 87.8 88.1 0.3 111.1 116.2 116.5 117.1 0.5

Mining and logging........................ 156.2 169.8 169.7 171.5 1.1 246.4 267.5 267.8 270.7 1.1

Construction................................ 87.7 91.0 91.1 91.9 0.9 114.7 121.3 121.9 123.2 1.1

Manufacturing.............................. 80.9 82.5 82.6 82.7 0.1 102.5 105.9 106.0 106.3 0.3

Durable goods........................... 82.8 84.5 84.9 84.8 -0.1 105.6 109.2 109.6 109.7 0.1

Nondurable goods...................... 78.0 79.1 79.3 79.2 -0.1 97.1 99.6 99.9 99.9 0.0

Private service-providing.................... 112.4 115.1 114.9 115.5 0.5 154.4 161.5 161.2 162.3 0.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 103.0 104.6 104.7 104.8 0.1 131.4 137.0 136.8 137.2 0.3

Wholesale trade......................... 105.8 108.1 108.1 107.9 -0.2 141.9 148.8 148.1 148.2 0.1

Retail trade.............................. 99.1 99.6 99.7 99.8 0.1 119.7 123.4 123.5 123.8 0.2

Transportation and warehousing...... 112.5 116.1 116.0 116.2 0.2 143.4 151.4 151.4 151.7 0.2

Utilities.................................... 94.4 96.7 96.0 97.1 1.1 128.3 132.7 131.4 133.5 1.6

Information................................. 89.4 90.2 90.0 90.3 0.3 124.3 128.2 126.6 127.1 0.4

Financial activities......................... 104.8 106.4 106.6 106.5 -0.1 155.7 162.9 163.1 163.3 0.1

Professional and business services..... 122.9 127.7 128.1 128.7 0.5 174.0 184.5 184.9 185.6 0.4

Education and health services........... 127.1 129.6 129.5 130.3 0.6 179.6 185.3 185.5 187.1 0.9

Leisure and hospitality.................... 116.4 119.3 119.6 119.7 0.1 156.7 164.6 165.9 166.9 0.6

Other services............................. 98.0 98.9 99.0 98.7 -0.3 129.8 133.3 133.4 133.1 -0.2

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary