For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Wednesday, June 11, 2014 USDL-14-1076 

Technical information: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

PERSONS WITH A DISABILITY: LABOR FORCE CHARACTERISTICS — 2013 

In 2013, 17.6 percent of persons with a disability were employed, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 

reported today. In contrast, the employment-population ratio for those without a disability was 64.0 

percent. The employment-population ratio was little changed from 2012 to 2013 for both groups. The 

unemployment rate for those with a disability was 13.2 percent in 2013, higher than the rate for persons 

with no disability (7.1 percent). The jobless rate for persons with a disability was little changed from 

2012 to 2013, while the rate for those without a disability declined. 

The data on persons with a disability are collected as part of the Current Population Survey (CPS), a 

monthly sample survey of about 60,000 households that provides information on employment and 

unemployment in the United States. The collection of data on persons with a disability is sponsored by 

the Department of Labor's Office of Disability Employment Policy. For more information, see the 

Technical Note. 

Highlights from the 2013 data: 

 Persons with a disability were over three times as likely as those with no disability to be age 65 

and over. (See table 1.) 

 For all age groups, the employment-population ratio for persons with a disability was less than 

half that of those with no disability. (See table 1.) 

 In 2013, 34 percent of workers with a disability were employed part time, compared with 19 

percent of those with no disability. (See table 2.) 

 Fifteen percent of workers with a disability were employed in federal, state, or local 

government, similar to the share for workers with no disability (14 percent). (See table 4.) 

 Employed persons with a disability were more likely to be self-employed than those with no 

disability. (See table 4.) 

Demographic Characteristics 

Persons with a disability tend to be older than persons with no disability, reflecting the increased 

incidence of disability with age. In 2013, 46 percent of persons with a disability were age 65 and over, 

compared with 14 percent of those with no disability. Overall, women were somewhat more likely to 
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have a disability than men, partly reflecting the greater life expectancy of women. Among the major race 

and ethnicity groups, the prevalence of a disability was higher for blacks and whites than for Asians and 

Hispanics. (See table 1.) 

Employment 

The employment-population ratio for persons with a disability was 17.6 percent in 2013, little changed 

from 2012. The ratio for those with no disability showed little change in 2013, at 64.0 percent. The 

lower ratio among persons with a disability is due, in part, to the large share of the population of persons 

with a disability that was age 65 and older, as older persons are less likely to be employed. However, 

across all age groups, persons with a disability were much less likely to be employed than those with no 

disability. (See tables A and 1.) 

Among persons with a disability age 16 to 64, the employment-population ratio, at 26.8 percent in 2013, 

changed little over the year and was unchanged for those age 65 and over, at 6.9 percent. (See table A.) 

In 2013, those who had higher levels of education were more likely to be employed than those with less 

education. At all levels of education, persons with a disability were much less likely to be employed 

than their counterparts with no disability. (See table 1.) 

Workers with a disability were more likely to be employed part time than those with no disability. 

Among those with a disability, 34 percent usually worked part time in 2013, compared with 19 percent 

of workers without a disability. The proportion of workers who were employed part time for economic 

reasons was slightly higher among those with a disability than among those without a disability 

(7 percent versus 5 percent). These individuals were working part time because their hours had been 

cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table 2.) 

In 2013, workers with a disability were more likely to be employed in production, transportation, and 

material moving occupations than those with no disability (15 percent compared with 12 percent). Those 

with a disability were less likely than their counterparts to work in management, professional, and 

related occupations (33 percent compared with 38 percent). (See table 3.) 

The share of workers with a disability employed in federal, state, and local government (15 percent) was 

about the same as the share for those with no disability (14 percent). Workers with a disability were less 

likely than those with no disability to be employed in private wage and salary jobs (74 percent versus 80 

percent). The incidence of self-employment among workers with a disability was higher than among 

workers with no disability (11 percent versus 6 percent). (See table 4.) 

Unemployment 

The unemployment rate for persons with a disability was 13.2 percent in 2013, higher than the rate for 

those with no disability (7.1 percent). (Unemployed persons are those who did not have a job, were 

available for work, and were actively looking for a job in the 4 weeks preceding the survey.) The 

unemployment rate for persons with a disability was little changed from 2012 to 2013, while the rate for 

those without a disability was lower in 2013 than in the prior year. (See table A.) 

In 2013, the unemployment rate for men with a disability (13.0 percent) was about the same as the rate 

for women (13.5 percent). As was the case among those without a disability, the unemployment rates for 
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those with a disability were higher among blacks (19.2 percent) and Hispanics (18.6 percent) than 

among whites (12.2 percent) and Asians (8.9 percent). (See table 1.) 

Not in the Labor Force 

Persons who are neither employed nor unemployed are not in the labor force. A large proportion of 

persons with a disability—about 8 in 10—were not in the labor force in 2013, compared with about 3 in 

10 persons with no disability. In part, this reflects the fact that persons with a disability tend to be older 

than those without a disability and older persons are, in general, less likely to be labor force participants. 

However, for all age groups, persons with a disability were much more likely than those with no 

disability to be out of the labor force. (See table 1.) 

Among those not in the labor force with and without a disability, the vast majority reported that they do 

not want a job. In 2013, about 1 percent of persons with a disability were marginally attached to the 

labor force, compared with 3 percent of those with no disability. These individuals were not in the labor 

force, wanted and were available to work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. 

They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding 

the survey. (See table 5.) 
Table A. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by disability status and age, 2012 and

2013 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

2012 2013

Total, 16

years

and over

16 to 64

years

65 years

and over

Total, 16

years

and over

16 to 64

years

65 years

and over

PERSONS WITH A DISABILITY

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 28,251 15,339 12,912 28,634 15,450 13,184

Civilian labor force.................................................. 5,816 4,854 961 5,820 4,858 962

Participation rate.................................................. 20.6 31.6 7.4 20.3 31.4 7.3

Employed.......................................................... 5,037 4,146 890 5,050 4,145 904

Employment-population ratio................................. 17.8 27.0 6.9 17.6 26.8 6.9

Unemployed....................................................... 779 708 71 770 713 58

Unemployment rate............................................ 13.4 14.6 7.4 13.2 14.7 6.0

Not in labor force.................................................... 22,435 10,484 11,951 22,814 10,592 12,222

PERSONS WITH NO DISABILITY

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 215,034 186,077 28,957 217,045 186,817 30,228

Civilian labor force.................................................. 149,159 142,393 6,766 149,569 142,415 7,154

Participation rate.................................................. 69.4 76.5 23.4 68.9 76.2 23.7

Employed.......................................................... 137,433 131,078 6,355 138,880 132,103 6,777

Employment-population ratio................................. 63.9 70.4 21.9 64.0 70.7 22.4

Unemployed....................................................... 11,727 11,315 411 10,689 10,313 377

Unemployment rate............................................ 7.9 7.9 6.1 7.1 7.2 5.3

Not in labor force.................................................... 65,875 43,683 22,191 67,476 44,402 23,074

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
Technical Note 

 The estimates in this release are based on annual 

average data obtained from the Current Population 

Survey (CPS). The CPS, which is conducted by the 

U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics 

(BLS), is a monthly survey of about 60,000 eligible 

households that provides information on the labor 

force status, demographics, and other characteristics 

of the nation's civilian noninstitutional population age 

16 and over. 

 Questions were added to the CPS in June 2008 to 

identify persons with a disability in the civilian 

noninstitutional population age 16 and older. The 

addition of these questions allowed the BLS to begin 

releasing monthly labor force data from the CPS for 

persons with a disability. The collection of these data 

is sponsored by the Department of Labor's Office of 

Disability Employment Policy. 

 Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory-impaired individuals upon request. Voice 

phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 

(800) 877-8339. 

Reliability of the estimates 

 Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both 

sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, 

rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is 

a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the 

true population values they represent. The component 

of this difference that occurs because samples differ 

by chance is known as sampling error, and its 

variability is measured by the standard error of the 

estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level 

of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will 

differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the 

true population value because of sampling error. BLS 

analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent 

level of confidence. 

 The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling 

error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, 

including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all 

respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness 

of respondents to provide correct information, and 

errors made in the collection or processing of the data. 

 Additional information about the reliability of data 

from the CPS and estimating standard errors is 

available on the BLS website at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#reliability. 

 CPS estimates are controlled to population totals 

that are available by age, sex, race, and Hispanic 

ethnicity. These controls are developed by the Census 

Bureau and are based on complete population counts 

obtained in the decennial census. In the years between 

decennial censuses, they incorporate the latest 

information about population change (births, deaths, 

and net international migration). The Census Bureau 

introduces adjustments to the population controls for 

the CPS as part of its annual update of population 

estimates. The updated controls typically have a 

negligible impact on unemployment rates and other 

ratios. The estimates of the population of persons with 

a disability are not controlled to independent 

population totals of persons with a disability because 

such data are not available. Without independent 

population totals, sample-based estimates are more 

apt to vary from one time period to the next. 

Information about population controls is available at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#pop. 

Disability questions and concepts 

 The CPS uses a set of six questions to identify 

persons with disabilities. In the CPS, persons are 

classified as having a disability if there is a response 

of "yes" to any of these questions. The disability 

questions appear in the CPS in the following format: 

 This month we want to learn about people who have 

physical, mental, or emotional conditions that cause 

serious difficulty with their daily activities. Please 

answer for household members who are 15 years old 

or over. 

 Is anyone deaf or does anyone have serious 

difficulty hearing? 

 Is anyone blind or does anyone have serious 

difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses? 

 Because of a physical, mental, or emotional 

condition, does anyone have serious 

difficulty concentrating, remembering, or 

making decisions? 

 Does anyone have serious difficulty walking 

or climbing stairs? 

 Does anyone have difficulty dressing or 

bathing? 

 Because of a physical, mental, or emotional 

condition, does anyone have difficulty doing 

errands alone such as visiting a doctor's 

office or shopping? 
 The CPS questions for identifying individuals with 

disabilities are only asked of household members who 

are age 15 and older. Each of the questions ask the 

respondent whether anyone in the household has the 

condition described, and if the respondent replies 

"yes," they are then asked to identify everyone in the 

household who has the condition. Labor force 

measures from the CPS are tabulated for persons age 

16 and older. More information on the disability 

questions and the limitations of the CPS disability 

data is available on the BLS website at 

www.bls.gov/cps/cpsdisability_faq.htm. 

Other definitions 

 Other definitions used in this release are described 

briefly below. Additional information on the concepts 

and methodology of the CPS is available at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

 Employed. Employed persons are all those who, 

during the survey reference week, (a) did any work at 

all as paid employees; (b) worked in their own 

business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

(c) worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in a 

family member's business. Persons who were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, 

bad weather, vacation, labor dispute, or another 

reason also are counted as employed. 

 Unemployed. Unemployed persons are those who 

had no employment during the reference week, were 

available for work at that time, and had made specific 

efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-

week period ending with the reference week. Persons 

who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which 

they had been laid off need not have been looking for 

work to be classified as unemployed. 

 Civilian labor force. The civilian labor force 

comprises all persons classified as employed or 

unemployed. 

 Unemployment rate. The unemployment rate 

represents the number of unemployed persons as a 

percent of the civilian labor force. 

 Not in the labor force. Persons not in the labor force 

include all those who are not classified as employed 

or unemployed. Information is collected on their 

desire for and availability to take a job at the time of 

the CPS interview, job search activity in the prior 

year, and reason for not looking in the 4-week period 

prior to the survey week. This group includes 

individuals marginally attached to the labor force, 

defined as persons not in the labor force who want and 

are available for a job and who have looked for work 

sometime in the past 12 months (or since the end of 

their last job if they held one within the past 12 

months). They are not counted as unemployed 

because they had not actively searched for work in the 

prior 4 weeks. Within the marginally attached group 

are discouraged workers—persons who are not 

currently looking for work because they believe there 

are no jobs available or there are none for which they 

would qualify. The other persons marginally attached 

to the labor force group includes persons who want a 

job but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks 

for reasons such as family responsibilities or 

transportation problems. 

 Part time for economic reasons. Persons classified 

as at work part time for economic reasons, a measure 

sometimes referred to as involuntary part time, are 

those who gave an economic reason for working 1 to 

34 hours during the reference week. Economic 

reasons include slack work or unfavorable business 

conditions, inability to find full-time work, and 

seasonal declines in demand. Those who usually work 

part time must also indicate that they want and are 

available for full-time work to be classified as part 

time for economic reasons. 

 Occupation, industry, and class of worker. The 

occupation, industry, and class of worker 

classifications for the employed relate to the job held 

in the survey reference week. Persons with two or 

more jobs are classified in the job at which they 

worked the greatest number of hours. Persons are 

classified using the 2010 Census occupational and 

2007 Census industry classification systems. The 

class-of-worker breakdown assigns workers to the 

following categories: Private and government wage 

and salary workers, self-employed workers, and 

unpaid family workers. Wage and salary workers 

receive wages, salary, commissions, tips, or pay in 

kind from a private employer or from a government 

unit. Self-employed persons are those who work for 

profit or fees in their own business, profession, trade, 

or farm. Only the unincorporated self-employed are 

included in the self-employed category. Selfemployed persons who respond that their businesses 

are incorporated are included among wage and salary 

workers. Unpaid family workers are persons working 

without pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or 

in a business operated by a family member in their 

household. 
Table 1. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by disability status and selected

characteristics, 2013 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Not in

labor

Total force

Participation

rate

Employed Unemployed

Total Percent of

population Total Rate

TOTAL

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245,679 155,389 63.2 143,929 58.6 11,460 7.4 90,290

Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,555 82,667 69.7 76,353 64.4 6,314 7.6 35,889

Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127,124 72,722 57.2 67,577 53.2 5,146 7.1 54,401

PERSONS WITH A DISABILITY

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,634 5,820 20.3 5,050 17.6 770 13.2 22,814

Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,246 3,183 24.0 2,768 20.9 415 13.0 10,063

Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,389 2,637 17.1 2,282 14.8 355 13.5 12,752

Age

16 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,450 4,858 31.4 4,145 26.8 713 14.7 10,592

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 607 141 23.2 81 13.4 60 42.3 466

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 865 371 42.9 268 31.0 104 27.9 493

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,771 763 43.1 632 35.7 131 17.2 1,008

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,099 784 37.4 666 31.7 119 15.1 1,315

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,190 1,284 30.6 1,126 26.9 158 12.3 2,907

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,917 1,514 25.6 1,373 23.2 142 9.4 4,403

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,184 962 7.3 904 6.9 58 6.0 12,222

Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,049 4,782 20.7 4,200 18.2 583 12.2 18,266

Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,803 638 16.8 516 13.6 123 19.2 3,164

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 764 143 18.7 130 17.0 13 8.9 621

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,913 630 21.6 512 17.6 117 18.6 2,283

Educational attainment

Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,162 5,308 19.5 4,701 17.3 607 11.4 21,855

Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,950 551 9.3 453 7.6 99 17.9 5,399

High school graduates, no college1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,986 1,721 17.2 1,526 15.3 195 11.3 8,265

Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,835 1,694 24.8 1,499 21.9 195 11.5 5,141

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,392 1,341 30.5 1,223 27.8 118 8.8 3,050

PERSONS WITH NO DISABILITY

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217,045 149,569 68.9 138,880 64.0 10,689 7.1 67,476

Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105,310 79,484 75.5 73,585 69.9 5,899 7.4 25,826

Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111,735 70,085 62.7 65,295 58.4 4,790 6.8 41,650

Age

16 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186,817 142,415 76.2 132,103 70.7 10,313 7.2 44,402

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,180 5,644 34.9 4,377 27.1 1,267 22.5 10,536

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,187 15,224 71.9 13,331 62.9 1,893 12.4 5,963

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,777 32,983 82.9 30,610 77.0 2,373 7.2 6,794

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,513 31,778 84.7 29,984 79.9 1,794 5.6 5,735

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,055 33,184 85.0 31,397 80.4 1,787 5.4 5,872

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,105 23,602 71.3 22,403 67.7 1,199 5.1 9,503

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,228 7,154 23.7 6,777 22.4 377 5.3 23,074

Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171,284 118,630 69.3 111,180 64.9 7,450 6.3 52,654

Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,573 17,941 67.5 15,635 58.8 2,306 12.9 8,632

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,532 8,441 67.4 8,006 63.9 435 5.2 4,091

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,604 24,142 69.8 22,002 63.6 2,140 8.9 10,462

Educational attainment

Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179,678 128,701 71.6 121,172 67.4 7,529 5.8 50,977

Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,474 10,454 56.6 9,346 50.6 1,108 10.6 8,020

High school graduates, no college1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,963 34,638 66.7 32,093 61.8 2,545 7.3 17,325

Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,203 35,600 73.9 33,426 69.3 2,174 6.1 12,603

Bachelor’s degree and higher2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61,038 48,010 78.7 46,308 75.9 1,701 3.5 13,028

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2

Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons

whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
Table 2. Employed full- and part-time workers by disability status and age, 2013 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Disability status and age

Employed At work

part time for

economic

reasons1

Total

Usually

work

full time

Usually

work

part time

TOTAL

16 years and over........................................................................ 143,929 116,314 27,615 7,935

16 to 64 years.......................................................................... 136,248 111,797 24,451 7,662

65 years and over...................................................................... 7,681 4,517 3,165 273

Persons with a disability

16 years and over........................................................................ 5,050 3,345 1,704 358

16 to 64 years.......................................................................... 4,145 2,916 1,229 329

65 years and over...................................................................... 904 429 475 28

Persons with no disability

16 years and over........................................................................ 138,880 112,969 25,911 7,577

16 to 64 years.......................................................................... 132,103 108,881 23,221 7,332

65 years and over...................................................................... 6,777 4,088 2,690 245

1 Refers to persons who, whether they usually work full or part time, worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as

slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. Persons who usually work part time

for an economic reason, but worked 35 hours or more during the reference week are excluded. Also excludes employed persons who were absent

from their jobs for the entire reference week.

NOTE: Full time refers to persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week; part time refers to persons who usually work less than 35 hours per

week.
Table 3. Employed persons by disability status, occupation, and sex, 2013 annual averages

[Percent distribution]

Occupation

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Total Men Women Total Men Women

Total employed (in thousands)....................................... 5,050 2,768 2,282 138,880 73,585 65,295

Occupation as a percent of total employed

Total employed......................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Management, professional, and related occupations........... 32.6 30.7 34.9 38.2 35.0 41.8

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations..................................................... 13.6 15.2 11.7 15.9 17.0 14.7

Management occupations.................................... 10.4 12.6 7.7 11.2 13.0 9.1

Business and financial operations occupations............ 3.2 2.6 4.1 4.7 4.0 5.6

Professional and related occupations.......................... 19.0 15.5 23.2 22.3 18.0 27.1

Computer and mathematical occupations.................. 2.4 3.0 1.6 2.8 3.9 1.5

Architecture and engineering occupations.................. 1.4 2.3 0.5 2.0 3.2 0.6

Life, physical, and social science occupations............. 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9

Community and social service occupations................ 1.9 1.6 2.3 1.6 1.1 2.1

Legal occupations............................................. 1.1 1.3 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.4

Education, training, and library occupations................ 5.4 3.0 8.3 6.0 3.0 9.5

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media

occupations.................................................. 2.1 1.9 2.3 2.0 2.0 2.0

Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations. . . . . . .. 4.0 1.9 6.6 5.7 2.8 9.1

Service occupations................................................ 20.0 16.2 24.8 17.9 14.7 21.6

Healthcare support occupations................................ 2.4 0.5 4.8 2.5 0.5 4.6

Protective service occupations................................. 1.9 2.8 0.9 2.2 3.3 1.0

Food preparation and serving related occupations.......... 5.7 4.5 7.2 5.7 4.9 6.6

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance

occupations..................................................... 5.7 6.5 4.7 3.9 4.5 3.2

Personal care and service occupations....................... 4.3 1.9 7.2 3.7 1.6 6.2

Sales and office occupations...................................... 23.4 16.5 31.8 23.1 16.6 30.4

Sales and related occupations.................................. 10.1 9.2 11.3 10.8 10.4 11.1

Office and administrative support occupations............... 13.3 7.3 20.5 12.3 6.2 19.3

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations........................................................ 8.9 15.4 0.9 9.1 16.4 0.9

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.................... 0.9 1.3 0.3 0.7 1.0 0.3

Construction and extraction occupations...................... 4.5 8.0 0.4 5.0 9.1 0.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations........... 3.5 6.2 0.2 3.4 6.2 0.3

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations........................................................ 15.1 21.2 7.7 11.7 17.3 5.3

Production occupations.......................................... 7.5 9.9 4.4 5.7 7.8 3.3

Transportation and material moving occupations............ 7.7 11.3 3.2 6.0 9.6 1.9
Table 4. Employed persons by disability status, industry, class of worker, and sex, 2013 annual averages

[Percent distribution]

Industry and class of worker

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Total Men Women Total Men Women

Total employed (in thousands)....................................... 5,050 2,768 2,282 138,880 73,585 65,295

Industry as a percent of total employed

Total employed......................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Agriculture and related industries................................. 3.0 4.4 1.3 1.4 2.0 0.7

Nonagricultural industries.......................................... 97.0 95.6 98.7 98.6 98.0 99.3

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction................. 0.7 1.2 0.1 0.7 1.2 0.2

Construction....................................................... 6.0 10.0 1.1 6.5 11.1 1.2

Manufacturing..................................................... 10.5 13.8 6.5 10.3 13.9 6.3

Wholesale trade.................................................. 2.0 2.5 1.5 2.6 3.5 1.5

Retail trade........................................................ 13.0 12.2 14.1 11.1 10.8 11.3

Transportation and utilities...................................... 5.3 7.5 2.7 5.1 7.4 2.6

Information........................................................ 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.4 1.7

Financial activities................................................ 5.7 5.0 6.5 6.9 6.1 7.8

Professional and business services............................ 10.8 11.5 10.0 11.7 12.8 10.4

Education and health services.................................. 22.3 11.9 35.0 22.6 10.8 36.0

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 8.9 8.7 9.2 9.4 8.7 10.3

Other services.................................................... 5.4 5.2 5.8 4.9 4.4 5.5

Public administration............................................. 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.7 4.9 4.4

Class of worker as a percent of total employed

Total employed1

........................................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Wage and salary workers2

......................................... 89.0 87.5 90.9 93.6 92.7 94.5

Private industries................................................. 74.4 75.1 73.5 79.5 81.1 77.6

Government....................................................... 14.6 12.3 17.4 14.1 11.5 16.9

Federal.......................................................... 3.1 3.4 2.7 2.4 2.5 2.3

State............................................................. 5.0 3.6 6.6 4.4 3.4 5.4

Local............................................................. 6.6 5.4 8.1 7.3 5.6 9.2

Self-employed workers, unincorporated.......................... 10.9 12.4 9.0 6.4 7.3 5.4

1

Includes a small number of unpaid family workers, not shown separately.

2

Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
Table 5. Persons not in the labor force by disability status, age, and sex, 2013 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total,

16 years and

over

16 to 64 years Total,

65 years and

Total Men Women over

PERSONS WITH A DISABILITY

Total not in the labor force.................................................... 22,814 10,592 5,011 5,582 12,222

Persons who currently want a job......................................... 662 473 224 249 189

Marginally attached to the labor force1

................................. 212 175 86 89 37

Discouraged workers2................................................. 61 45 26 19 15

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3............ 152 130 60 70 22

PERSONS WITH NO DISABILITY

Total not in the labor force.................................................... 67,476 44,402 16,195 28,207 23,074

Persons who currently want a job......................................... 5,728 5,152 2,369 2,782 576

Marginally attached to the labor force1

................................. 2,147 1,995 1,036 959 152

Discouraged workers2................................................. 800 726 430 296 74

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3............ 1,347 1,268 605 663 78

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference

week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks

schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and

transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.