For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, May 3, 2022 USDL-22-0785

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – MARCH 2022

The number of job openings was at a series high of 11.5 million on the last business day of March,

although little changed over the month, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires, at 6.7 

million, were also little changed while total separations edged up to 6.3 million. Within separations, 

quits edged up to a series high of 4.5 million, while layoffs and discharges were little changed at 1.4 

million. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations 

for the total nonfarm sector, by industry, by four geographic regions, and by establishment size class.

Job Openings

On the last business day of March, the number of job openings was little changed at 11.5 million, the 

highest level in the history of the series which began in December 2000. Over the month, the job 

openings rate was little changed at 7.1 percent. Job openings increased in retail trade (+155,000) and in 

durable goods manufacturing (+50,000). Job openings decreased in transportation, warehousing, and 

utilities (-69,000); state and local government education (-43,000); and federal government 

(-20,000). Job openings increased in the South region. (See table 1.)

Hires

In March, the number of hires was little changed at 6.7 million. The hires rate was unchanged at 4.5

percent. Hires were little changed in all industries and in all four regions. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 

voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 

workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 

 3.0

 3.4

 3.8

 4.2

 4.6

 5.0

 5.4

 5.8

 6.2

 6.6

 7.0

 7.4

Mar-19 Sep-19 Mar-20 Sep-20 Mar-21 Sep-21 Mar-22

Percent

Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted, March 2019 - March 2022

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

Mar-19 Sep-19 Mar-20 Sep-20 Mar-21 Sep-21 Mar-22

Hires

Separations

Percent

Chart 2. Hires and total separations rates, seasonally adjusted, March 2019 - March 2022
- 2 -

by the employer. Other separations includes separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 

to other locations of the same firm.

In March, the number of total separations edged up to 6.3 million (+239,000). The rate was little 

changed at 4.2 percent. Total separations were little changed in all industries. The number of total 

separations increased in the South region. (See table 3.)

In March, the number of quits edged up to a series high of 4.5 million (+152,000). The rate was little 

changed at 3.0 percent. Quits increased in professional and business services (+88,000) and construction 

(+69,000). The number of quits increased in the South region. (See table 4.)

In March, the number of layoffs and discharges was little changed at 1.4 million. The rate was 

unchanged at 0.9 percent. Layoffs and discharges were little changed in all industries and in all four 

regions. (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed in March at 380,000. Other separations increased 

in construction (+12,000); transportation, warehousing, and utilities (+11,000); wholesale trade 

(+10,000); and educational services (+4,000). The other separations level decreased in information 

(-6,000). Other separations were little changed in all four regions. (See table 6.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 

employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 

hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 

Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 

if the hires level is steady or rising.

Over the 12 months ending in March, hires totaled 77.7 million and separations totaled 71.4 million, 

yielding a net employment gain of 6.3 million. These totals include workers who may have been hired 

and separated more than once during the year.

Establishment Size Class

In March, the job openings rate increased in establishments with 50 to 249 employees and

establishments with 250 to 999 employees. The job openings rate decreased in establishments with 10 to 

49 employees. The quits rate decreased in establishments with 1,000 to 4,999 employees. The total 

separations rate increased in establishments with 250 to 999 employees. For a more in-depth description 

of the JOLTS establishment size class estimates, please visit www.bls.gov/jlt/sizeclassmethodology.htm.

____________

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for April 2022 are scheduled to be 

released on Wednesday, June 1, 2022 at 10:00 a.m. (ET).
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY

(in thousands)

Total................................................... 8,480 11,344 11,549 6,208 6,832 6,737 5,540 6,082 6,321

Total private....................................... 7,662 10,256 10,504 5,832 6,414 6,331 5,212 5,676 5,917

Mining and logging............................. 25 36 40 24 24 24 15 17 21

Construction.................................... 336 383 396 444 408 398 353 344 389

Manufacturing.................................. 751 785 860 449 500 508 414 473 484

Durable goods............................... 387 467 517 261 272 273 235 261 251

Nondurable goods........................... 365 318 343 188 228 236 179 212 233

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 1,667 1,993 2,036 1,270 1,513 1,441 1,188 1,311 1,371

Wholesale trade............................. 246 317 274 157 172 166 153 156 159

Retail trade................................... 966 1,139 1,294 812 1,017 971 744 895 931

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities...................................... 456 537 468 301 324 304 292 260 280

Information...................................... 111 180 202 102 89 109 87 83 82

Financial activities.............................. 335 453 505 205 236 212 195 201 202

Finance and insurance..................... 266 319 370 135 159 138 128 144 141

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . .. 69 134 135 70 77 74 67 57 62

Professional and business services......... 1,588 2,038 2,141 1,214 1,307 1,351 1,106 1,178 1,254

Education and health services............... 1,499 2,256 2,249 763 890 820 690 785 775

Educational services........................ 129 204 222 102 116 110 80 102 93

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 1,370 2,052 2,027 661 774 710 611 683 682

Leisure and hospitality........................ 1,108 1,720 1,675 1,143 1,182 1,222 958 1,054 1,103

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 174 203 216 154 163 185 107 134 143

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 934 1,517 1,458 989 1,019 1,038 851 920 960

Other services.................................. 241 412 400 219 266 244 204 229 237

Government....................................... 818 1,088 1,044 376 418 407 328 407 404

Federal.......................................... 127 162 142 38 42 42 38 42 42

State and local................................. 691 926 902 338 376 365 290 365 362

State and local education.................. 266 380 337 175 192 202 139 192 199

State and local, excluding education. . . .. 426 545 565 162 185 163 151 173 164

RATES BY INDUSTRY

(percent)

Total................................................... 5.5 7.0 7.1 4.3 4.5 4.5 3.8 4.0 4.2

Total private....................................... 5.9 7.4 7.5 4.8 5.0 4.9 4.3 4.4 4.6

Mining and logging............................. 4.4 5.7 6.2 4.4 4.1 4.0 2.8 2.9 3.5

Construction.................................... 4.3 4.8 4.9 6.0 5.4 5.2 4.8 4.5 5.1

Manufacturing.................................. 5.8 5.9 6.4 3.7 4.0 4.0 3.4 3.7 3.8

Durable goods............................... 4.8 5.6 6.2 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.2

Nondurable goods........................... 7.3 6.2 6.7 4.0 4.8 4.9 3.9 4.4 4.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 5.7 6.5 6.6 4.6 5.3 5.0 4.3 4.6 4.8

Wholesale trade............................. 4.2 5.2 4.5 2.8 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.7

Retail trade................................... 5.9 6.7 7.5 5.3 6.4 6.1 4.9 5.7 5.9

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities...................................... 6.5 7.2 6.3 4.6 4.7 4.4 4.5 3.7 4.0

Information...................................... 3.9 5.8 6.5 3.7 3.0 3.7 3.1 2.9 2.8

Financial activities.............................. 3.7 4.8 5.4 2.3 2.7 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.3

Finance and insurance..................... 3.9 4.6 5.3 2.1 2.4 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . .. 3.0 5.4 5.4 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.0 2.4 2.6

Professional and business services......... 7.0 8.5 8.8 5.8 5.9 6.1 5.3 5.4 5.7

Education and health services............... 6.0 8.6 8.5 3.2 3.7 3.4 2.9 3.3 3.2

Educational services........................ 3.5 5.2 5.6 2.9 3.1 2.9 2.3 2.7 2.5

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 6.4 9.2 9.0 3.3 3.8 3.5 3.0 3.4 3.3

Leisure and hospitality........................ 7.6 10.0 9.7 8.5 7.7 7.9 7.1 6.8 7.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 8.7 8.3 8.7 8.4 7.3 8.1 5.9 6.0 6.3

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 7.5 10.3 9.9 8.5 7.7 7.8 7.3 7.0 7.2

Other services.................................. 4.3 6.8 6.6 4.1 4.7 4.3 3.8 4.1 4.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Government....................................... 3.6 4.7 4.5 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.8

Federal.......................................... 4.2 5.3 4.7 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.4

State and local................................. 3.5 4.6 4.5 1.8 2.0 1.9 1.5 1.9 1.9

State and local education.................. 2.6 3.6 3.2 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.4 1.9 1.9

State and local, excluding education. . . .. 4.5 5.7 5.9 1.8 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.9 1.8

p Preliminary
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

JOLTS program provides information on labor 

demand and turnover. Additional information about 

the JOLTS program can be found at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job 

openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other 

separations, and total separations. The JOLTS 

program covers all private nonfarm establishments, 

as well as civilian federal, state, and local 

government entities in the 50 states and the District 

of Columbia. Industries are classified in accordance 

with the North American Industry Classification 

System. 

Definitions 

Employment. Employment includes persons on 

the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay 

period that includes the 12th day of the reference 

month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, 

seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are 

included, as are employees on paid vacation or other 

paid leave. Proprietors or partners of unincorporated 

businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on 

strike for the entire pay period, and employees on 

leave without pay for the entire pay period are not 

counted as employed. Employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where 

they are working. JOLTS does not publish 

employment estimates but uses the reported 

employment for validation of the other reported data 

elements. 

Job Openings. Job openings include all 

positions that are open on the last business day of the 

reference month. A job is open only if it meets all 

three of these conditions: 

 A specific position exists and there is work

available for that position. The position can

be full-time or part-time, and it can be

permanent, short-term, or seasonal.

 The job could start within 30 days, whether

or not the employer can find a suitable

candidate during that time.

 The employer is actively recruiting workers

from outside the establishment to fill the

position. Active recruiting means that the

establishment is taking steps to fill a 

position. It may include advertising in 

newspapers, on television, or on the radio; 

posting Internet notices, posting “help 

wanted” signs, networking or making 

“word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting 

applications; interviewing candidates; 

contacting employment agencies; or 

soliciting employees at job fairs, state or 

local employment offices, or similar 

sources. 

Excluded are positions open only to internal 

transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from 

layoffs. Also excluded are openings for positions 

with start dates more than 30 days in the future, 

positions for which employees have been hired but 

the employees have not yet reported for work, and 

positions to be filled by employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 

computed by dividing the number of job openings by 

the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll 

during the entire reference month, including newly 

hired and rehired employees; full-time and part-time 

employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal 

employees; employees who were recalled to a job at 

the location following a layoff (formal suspension 

from pay status) lasting more than 7 days; on-call or 

intermittent employees who returned to work after 

having been formally separated; workers who were 

hired and separated during the month, and transfers 

from other locations. Excluded are transfers or 

promotions within the reporting location, employees 

returning from strike, employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is 

computed by dividing the number of hires by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Separations. Separations include all separations 

from the payroll during the entire reference month 

and is reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs 

and discharges, and other separations. Quits include 

employees who left voluntarily with the exception of 

retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs 

and discharges includes involuntary separations 

initiated by the employer including layoffs with no 

intent to rehire; layoffs (formal suspensions from pay 

status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; 
discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or 

closings; firings or other discharges for cause; 

terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 

and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or 

not they are expected to return the next season). 

Other separations include retirements, transfers to 

other locations, separations due to employee 

disability; and deaths. Excluded from separations are 

transfers within the same location; employees on 

strike; employees of temporary help agencies, 

employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or 

consultants. The separations rate is computed by 

dividing the number of separations by employment 

and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, 

layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are 

computed similarly. 

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random 

sample of 20,700 nonfarm business and government 

establishments. The sample is stratified by 

ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment 

size class. The establishments are drawn from a 

universe of over 9.4 million establishments compiled 

by the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages 

(QCEW) program which includes all employers 

subject to state unemployment insurance laws and 

federal agencies subject to the Unemployment 

Compensation for Federal Employees program. 

Employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio 

adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment 

estimates of the Current Employment Statistics 

(CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment 

is used to adjust the levels for all other JOLTS data 

elements. 

Birth/death model. The time lag from the start 

up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance 

on the sampling frame is approximately one year. 

Also within the first year, new businesses may go out 

of business, referred to as a death. Because not all 

births and deaths of establishments can be reflected 

on the sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS 

sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and 

separations from them during their early existence. 

BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses 

establishment birth and death activity from previous 

years. The estimates of job openings, hires, and 

separations produced by the birth/death model are 

added to the sample-based estimates produced from 

the survey to arrive at the estimates for job openings, 

hires, and separations. 

Alignment. The JOLTS figure for hires minus 

separations can be used to derive a measure of net 

employment change. This change should be 

comparable to the net employment change from the 

much larger CES survey. However, definitional 

differences as well as sampling and nonsampling 

errors between the two surveys historically caused 

JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the 

divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

monthly alignment method. There are four steps to 

this method: seasonally adjust, align, back out the 

seasonal adjustment factors, and seasonally adjust 

again. 

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses X-13 ARIMA 

for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal 

adjustment methodology is used in which new 

seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each 

month, using all relevant data up to and including 

current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors 

at the beginning and end of the series and to detect 

and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally 

adjusted CES employment trends are applied to the 

seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment 

trends (hires minus separations) forcing them to be 

approximately the same, while preserving the 

seasonality of the JOLTS data. 

Annual estimates. The JOLTS estimates are 

revised annually to reflect annual updates to the CES 

employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal 

adjustment factors. The JOLTS employment levels 

are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and 

the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data 

elements. The seasonally adjusted data are 

recalculated for the most recent 5 years in order to 

reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors. These 

annual updates result in revisions to both the 

seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted 

JOLTS data series, for the period since the last 

benchmark was established. 

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and 

discharges, other separations, and total separations 

are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. 

Annual rates are computed by dividing the annual 

level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) 
annual average employment level, and multiplying 

that quotient by 100. This figure will be 

approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly 

rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates 

are published only for not seasonally adjusted data 

and are released with the January news release each 

year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job 

openings because job openings are a stock, or pointin-time, measurement for the last business day of 

each month. 

Reliability of the estimates 

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling 

and nonsampling error. Nonsampling error occurs 

when a sample is surveyed rather than the entire 

population. There is a chance that the sample 

estimates may differ from the true population values 

they represent. The difference, or sampling error, 

varies depending on the particular sample selected. 

This variability is measured by the standard error of 

the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at 

the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that 

there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no 

more than 1.6 standard errors from the true 

population value because of sampling error. 

Sampling error estimates are available at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by 

nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for 

many reasons including: the failure to include a 

segment of the population; the inability to obtain data 

from all units in the sample; the inability or 

unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 

timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors 

made in the collection or processing of the data; and 

errors from the employment benchmark data used in 

estimation. 

Other information 

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech

disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access

telecommunications relay services.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Mar.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Total............................................... 8,480 10,922 11,448 11,283 11,344 11,549 5.5 6.8 7.1 7.0 7.0 7.1

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 7,662 9,935 10,343 10,235 10,256 10,504 5.9 7.3 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.5

Mining and logging......................... 25 35 34 37 36 40 4.4 5.6 5.5 5.8 5.7 6.2

Construction................................ 336 366 359 383 383 396 4.3 4.7 4.6 4.8 4.8 4.9

Manufacturing.............................. 751 806 746 859 785 860 5.8 6.0 5.6 6.4 5.9 6.4

Durable goods........................... 387 499 422 500 467 517 4.8 6.0 5.1 6.0 5.6 6.2

Nondurable goods....................... 365 307 324 360 318 343 7.3 6.1 6.4 7.0 6.2 6.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,667 1,913 1,942 1,832 1,993 2,036 5.7 6.4 6.4 6.1 6.5 6.6

Wholesale trade......................... 246 318 295 294 317 274 4.2 5.3 4.9 4.8 5.2 4.5

Retail trade............................... 966 1,036 1,036 1,029 1,139 1,294 5.9 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.7 7.5

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 456 559 611 510 537 468 6.5 7.6 8.2 6.9 7.2 6.3

Information.................................. 111 193 232 217 180 202 3.9 6.2 7.4 6.9 5.8 6.5

Financial activities......................... 335 492 470 502 453 505 3.7 5.3 5.0 5.4 4.8 5.4

Finance and insurance................. 266 372 355 376 319 370 3.9 5.4 5.1 5.4 4.6 5.3

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 69 119 115 126 134 135 3.0 4.9 4.8 5.2 5.4 5.4

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,588 1,904 2,021 2,078 2,038 2,141 7.0 8.1 8.5 8.7 8.5 8.8

Education and health services........... 1,499 2,125 2,187 2,146 2,256 2,249 6.0 8.2 8.4 8.2 8.6 8.5

Educational services.................... 129 205 217 178 204 222 3.5 5.3 5.5 4.6 5.2 5.6

Health care and social assistance. . .. 1,370 1,920 1,970 1,968 2,052 2,027 6.4 8.7 8.9 8.9 9.2 9.0

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,108 1,666 1,990 1,698 1,720 1,675 7.6 10.0 11.7 10.0 10.0 9.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 174 196 205 175 203 216 8.7 8.3 8.6 7.3 8.3 8.7

Accommodation and food services. .. 934 1,470 1,785 1,523 1,517 1,458 7.5 10.3 12.2 10.4 10.3 9.9

Other services.............................. 241 435 362 483 412 400 4.3 7.2 6.1 7.9 6.8 6.6

Government................................... 818 987 1,105 1,048 1,088 1,044 3.6 4.3 4.8 4.5 4.7 4.5

Federal...................................... 127 151 167 125 162 142 4.2 5.0 5.5 4.2 5.3 4.7

State and local............................. 691 836 938 924 926 902 3.5 4.2 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.5

State and local education.............. 266 329 361 373 380 337 2.6 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.2

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 426 507 577 551 545 565 4.5 5.3 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.9

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 1,521 1,880 1,923 1,952 1,911 1,888 5.6 6.6 6.8 6.8 6.7 6.6

South........................................... 3,310 4,137 4,330 4,237 4,262 4,516 5.8 7.0 7.2 7.1 7.1 7.4

Midwest........................................ 1,807 2,410 2,530 2,587 2,487 2,471 5.5 7.0 7.3 7.4 7.1 7.0

West............................................ 1,841 2,495 2,664 2,507 2,684 2,674 5.2 6.7 7.1 6.7 7.1 7.1

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Mar.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Total............................................... 6,208 6,705 6,450 6,426 6,832 6,737 4.3 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.5 4.5

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 5,832 6,305 6,062 6,019 6,414 6,331 4.8 5.0 4.8 4.7 5.0 4.9

Mining and logging......................... 24 19 20 20 24 24 4.4 3.3 3.5 3.4 4.1 4.0

Construction................................ 444 428 361 323 408 398 6.0 5.7 4.8 4.3 5.4 5.2

Manufacturing.............................. 449 465 457 467 500 508 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.7 4.0 4.0

Durable goods........................... 261 256 258 250 272 273 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.5 3.5

Nondurable goods....................... 188 209 199 217 228 236 4.0 4.4 4.2 4.6 4.8 4.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,270 1,406 1,377 1,371 1,513 1,441 4.6 5.0 4.9 4.8 5.3 5.0

Wholesale trade......................... 157 194 170 170 172 166 2.8 3.4 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.9

Retail trade............................... 812 905 901 898 1,017 971 5.3 5.8 5.8 5.7 6.4 6.1

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 301 307 306 303 324 304 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.7 4.4

Information.................................. 102 114 111 116 89 109 3.7 3.9 3.8 4.0 3.0 3.7

Financial activities......................... 205 233 229 236 236 212 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.4

Finance and insurance................. 135 153 145 161 159 138 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.4 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 70 81 84 75 77 74 3.2 3.5 3.6 3.3 3.3 3.2

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,214 1,295 1,212 1,242 1,307 1,351 5.8 6.0 5.6 5.7 5.9 6.1

Education and health services........... 763 867 846 832 890 820 3.2 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.4

Educational services.................... 102 109 102 103 116 110 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.8 3.1 2.9

Health care and social assistance. . .. 661 758 744 730 774 710 3.3 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.8 3.5

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,143 1,216 1,192 1,202 1,182 1,222 8.5 8.2 7.9 7.9 7.7 7.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 154 162 165 165 163 185 8.4 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.3 8.1

Accommodation and food services. .. 989 1,054 1,027 1,037 1,019 1,038 8.5 8.3 8.0 7.9 7.7 7.8

Other services.............................. 219 262 256 210 266 244 4.1 4.7 4.6 3.7 4.7 4.3

Government................................... 376 400 388 407 418 407 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.8

Federal...................................... 38 45 45 41 42 42 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.5

State and local............................. 338 355 344 366 376 365 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.9

State and local education.............. 175 197 183 200 192 202 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 162 158 161 166 185 163 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.1 1.8

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 1,014 1,001 999 1,007 1,056 1,012 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.8

South........................................... 2,406 2,814 2,650 2,611 2,886 2,837 4.5 5.1 4.8 4.7 5.2 5.0

Midwest........................................ 1,354 1,380 1,396 1,318 1,305 1,380 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.0 4.2

West............................................ 1,434 1,510 1,406 1,490 1,585 1,508 4.3 4.4 4.0 4.3 4.5 4.3

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Mar.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Total............................................... 5,540 6,197 6,042 6,044 6,082 6,321 3.8 4.2 4.1 4.0 4.0 4.2

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 5,212 5,810 5,648 5,673 5,676 5,917 4.3 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.6

Mining and logging......................... 15 15 17 18 17 21 2.8 2.6 2.9 3.1 2.9 3.5

Construction................................ 353 374 329 325 344 389 4.8 5.0 4.4 4.3 4.5 5.1

Manufacturing.............................. 414 418 434 457 473 484 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8

Durable goods........................... 235 243 244 246 261 251 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.2

Nondurable goods....................... 179 175 190 211 212 233 3.9 3.7 4.0 4.5 4.4 4.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,188 1,338 1,330 1,308 1,311 1,371 4.3 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.6 4.8

Wholesale trade......................... 153 167 142 161 156 159 2.7 2.9 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.7

Retail trade............................... 744 899 916 865 895 931 4.9 5.8 5.9 5.5 5.7 5.9

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 292 272 272 282 260 280 4.5 4.0 4.0 4.1 3.7 4.0

Information.................................. 87 93 112 122 83 82 3.1 3.2 3.8 4.2 2.9 2.8

Financial activities......................... 195 201 206 233 201 202 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.3 2.3

Finance and insurance................. 128 140 135 163 144 141 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.5 2.2 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 67 61 70 70 57 62 3.0 2.7 3.0 3.0 2.4 2.6

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,106 1,227 1,150 1,133 1,178 1,254 5.3 5.6 5.3 5.2 5.4 5.7

Education and health services........... 690 857 800 805 785 775 2.9 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.3 3.2

Educational services.................... 80 90 84 89 102 93 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.5

Health care and social assistance. . .. 611 767 716 716 683 682 3.0 3.8 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.3

Leisure and hospitality.................... 958 1,072 1,029 1,052 1,054 1,103 7.1 7.2 6.8 6.9 6.8 7.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 107 132 123 143 134 143 5.9 6.1 5.6 6.5 6.0 6.3

Accommodation and food services. .. 851 939 906 909 920 960 7.3 7.4 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.2

Other services.............................. 204 215 241 219 229 237 3.8 3.9 4.3 3.9 4.1 4.2

Government................................... 328 387 395 371 407 404 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.8

Federal...................................... 38 41 57 44 42 42 1.3 1.4 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.4

State and local............................. 290 345 338 327 365 362 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.9 1.9

State and local education.............. 139 172 174 160 192 199 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.9 1.9

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 151 173 163 167 173 164 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.8

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 818 922 815 881 905 900 3.2 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.3

South........................................... 2,251 2,550 2,507 2,413 2,454 2,659 4.2 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.7

Midwest........................................ 1,243 1,344 1,341 1,254 1,269 1,236 4.0 4.2 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.8

West............................................ 1,228 1,381 1,380 1,497 1,455 1,526 3.7 4.0 4.0 4.3 4.2 4.3

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Mar.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Total............................................... 3,695 4,510 4,403 4,258 4,384 4,536 2.6 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.9 3.0

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 3,513 4,266 4,164 4,032 4,130 4,284 2.9 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.3

Mining and logging......................... 9 10 13 14 14 16 1.7 1.7 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.6

Construction................................ 187 215 185 172 173 242 2.5 2.9 2.5 2.3 2.3 3.2

Manufacturing.............................. 278 307 322 315 345 360 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.8

Durable goods........................... 161 185 180 165 189 188 2.1 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.4 2.4

Nondurable goods....................... 117 122 141 150 157 172 2.5 2.6 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 852 1,024 1,082 991 1,030 1,016 3.1 3.6 3.8 3.5 3.6 3.6

Wholesale trade......................... 94 128 113 112 123 110 1.7 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.1 1.9

Retail trade............................... 573 710 786 697 732 719 3.7 4.6 5.0 4.5 4.6 4.5

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 185 186 183 181 175 187 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.7

Information.................................. 56 51 61 45 51 50 2.0 1.8 2.1 1.5 1.7 1.7

Financial activities......................... 124 132 130 164 143 146 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.6

Finance and insurance................. 79 85 81 113 100 103 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.7 1.5 1.6

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 44 48 49 51 43 43 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 1.8 1.8

Professional and business services. . . .. 633 834 760 711 721 809 3.0 3.8 3.5 3.2 3.3 3.7

Education and health services........... 526 689 597 617 618 599 2.2 2.9 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.5

Educational services.................... 52 63 57 58 57 58 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5

Health care and social assistance. . .. 474 626 540 559 561 542 2.4 3.1 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.7

Leisure and hospitality.................... 718 881 856 853 866 889 5.3 5.9 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 58 68 81 71 70 79 3.2 3.1 3.7 3.2 3.1 3.5

Accommodation and food services. .. 660 813 776 782 796 810 5.7 6.4 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.1

Other services.............................. 130 123 159 152 170 156 2.4 2.2 2.8 2.7 3.0 2.8

Government................................... 182 244 238 225 254 252 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1

Federal...................................... 19 23 23 24 23 23 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

State and local............................. 163 221 215 202 231 229 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2

State and local education.............. 79 102 108 100 123 132 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.3

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 85 119 107 101 108 97 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.1

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 509 608 601 580 602 599 2.0 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2

South........................................... 1,541 1,883 1,820 1,748 1,784 1,923 2.9 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.4

Midwest........................................ 834 1,008 998 898 942 894 2.7 3.1 3.1 2.8 2.9 2.7

West............................................ 810 1,010 985 1,032 1,056 1,119 2.4 2.9 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.2

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Mar.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Total............................................... 1,512 1,295 1,262 1,403 1,354 1,405 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 1,430 1,228 1,183 1,327 1,273 1,320 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0

Mining and logging......................... 5 4 4 3 3 3 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.6

Construction................................ 156 150 133 144 157 121 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.9 2.1 1.6

Manufacturing.............................. 114 81 90 115 104 101 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.8

Durable goods........................... 59 40 49 62 57 49 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.6

Nondurable goods....................... 55 41 41 53 47 53 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 279 251 192 253 229 278 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.8 1.0

Wholesale trade......................... 48 36 20 35 27 33 0.9 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.6

Retail trade............................... 136 141 102 145 128 173 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.8 1.1

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 95 74 70 73 74 71 1.5 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0

Information.................................. 28 31 38 74 19 24 1.0 1.1 1.3 2.5 0.6 0.8

Financial activities......................... 61 28 44 33 42 33 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4

Finance and insurance................. 38 16 24 20 28 15 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 22 13 19 13 14 18 1.0 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.8

Professional and business services. . . .. 393 308 306 326 365 371 1.9 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.7

Education and health services........... 125 126 166 148 135 131 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5

Educational services.................... 22 22 20 22 37 23 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.6

Health care and social assistance. . .. 102 105 147 126 98 108 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5

Leisure and hospitality.................... 207 167 141 177 164 186 1.5 1.1 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 47 62 37 70 61 61 2.6 2.9 1.7 3.2 2.7 2.7

Accommodation and food services. .. 160 106 104 107 102 124 1.4 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9

Other services.............................. 61 81 69 54 55 72 1.1 1.5 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.3

Government................................... 83 67 79 75 81 85 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4

Federal...................................... 8 5 19 7 7 6 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local............................. 75 61 60 69 74 79 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local education.............. 40 38 33 34 41 41 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 35 24 26 35 33 38 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 248 240 156 230 235 230 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.9

South........................................... 581 525 550 521 529 590 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.1

Midwest........................................ 340 244 271 281 269 264 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8

West............................................ 344 286 286 371 321 321 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.9

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Mar.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Total............................................... 333 393 377 383 344 380 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 269 317 300 313 272 313 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging......................... 1 1 1 1 1 2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3

Construction................................ 10 9 12 9 14 26 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3

Manufacturing.............................. 22 31 22 27 23 22 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods........................... 15 19 15 19 15 15 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods....................... 7 12 7 8 8 8 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 57 64 56 65 52 77 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Wholesale trade......................... 11 3 9 14 6 16 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3

Retail trade............................... 35 48 28 22 35 39 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 11 12 19 28 11 22 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3

Information.................................. 4 11 13 4 14 8 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.3

Financial activities......................... 11 41 32 36 16 24 0.1 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.3

Finance and insurance................. 11 40 30 30 16 23 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 1 1 2 6 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0

Professional and business services. . . .. 80 85 83 97 91 74 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3

Education and health services........... 40 42 37 40 32 44 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Educational services.................... 5 5 8 8 8 12 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Health care and social assistance. . .. 34 37 29 31 24 32 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

Leisure and hospitality.................... 33 23 31 23 24 27 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 2 3 5 2 2 2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services. .. 31 21 26 20 22 25 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Other services.............................. 13 11 13 13 4 9 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Government................................... 64 76 77 70 72 67 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal...................................... 12 13 14 14 12 12 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4

State and local............................. 52 63 63 57 60 55 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local education.............. 21 32 33 26 28 26 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 31 30 30 31 32 28 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 61 74 59 71 68 71 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

South........................................... 129 142 137 145 141 146 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

Midwest........................................ 69 92 72 75 58 78 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

West............................................ 75 85 109 94 77 86 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment..

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 8,286 10,853 11,352 5.5 6.8 7.0

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 7,447 9,801 10,293 5.8 7.2 7.5

Mining and logging............................................... 24 34 40 4.2 5.4 6.3

Construction....................................................... 346 359 415 4.6 4.7 5.3

Manufacturing..................................................... 742 783 853 5.7 5.9 6.3

Durable goods.................................................. 385 466 521 4.8 5.6 6.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 357 317 332 7.2 6.2 6.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,539 1,822 1,930 5.4 6.0 6.4

Wholesale trade................................................ 233 310 253 4.0 5.1 4.2

Retail trade..................................................... 858 991 1,220 5.4 6.0 7.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 447 520 457 6.4 7.0 6.2

Information........................................................ 106 170 192 3.7 5.5 6.2

Financial activities................................................ 320 445 501 3.6 4.8 5.4

Finance and insurance........................................ 249 311 357 3.7 4.5 5.2

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 71 134 144 3.2 5.5 5.9

Professional and business services............................ 1,554 1,943 2,123 7.0 8.2 8.8

Education and health services.................................. 1,427 2,207 2,133 5.7 8.4 8.1

Educational services.......................................... 118 198 207 3.1 4.9 5.0

Health care and social assistance........................... 1,308 2,009 1,925 6.1 9.0 8.6

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 1,144 1,643 1,718 8.2 10.0 10.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 188 213 250 10.3 9.6 10.7

Accommodation and food services.......................... 955 1,430 1,468 7.8 10.1 10.2

Other services.................................................... 246 395 389 4.4 6.6 6.5

Government.......................................................... 839 1,052 1,059 3.7 4.5 4.5

Federal............................................................. 138 163 155 4.6 5.4 5.1

State and local.................................................... 701 889 904 3.5 4.4 4.4

State and local education..................................... 267 342 326 2.5 3.1 3.0

State and local, excluding education........................ 434 547 578 4.6 5.8 6.1

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 1,463 1,880 1,780 5.4 6.6 6.3

South................................................................. 3,266 4,078 4,542 5.8 6.8 7.5

Midwest............................................................... 1,795 2,372 2,458 5.5 6.8 7.0

West.................................................................. 1,762 2,522 2,571 5.0 6.8 6.9

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 5,632 5,652 6,148 3.9 3.8 4.1

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 5,363 5,339 5,863 4.4 4.2 4.6

Mining and logging............................................... 26 22 27 4.8 3.7 4.5

Construction....................................................... 422 352 388 5.9 4.8 5.2

Manufacturing..................................................... 417 446 477 3.4 3.6 3.8

Durable goods.................................................. 248 247 260 3.3 3.2 3.3

Nondurable goods............................................. 169 199 217 3.7 4.2 4.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,114 1,202 1,263 4.1 4.2 4.5

Wholesale trade................................................ 156 147 161 2.8 2.6 2.8

Retail trade..................................................... 743 805 892 4.9 5.1 5.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 215 249 210 3.3 3.6 3.0

Information........................................................ 89 65 95 3.2 2.3 3.2

Financial activities................................................ 187 207 189 2.1 2.3 2.1

Finance and insurance........................................ 122 150 122 1.9 2.3 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 65 57 66 3.0 2.5 2.9

Professional and business services............................ 1,139 1,147 1,291 5.5 5.3 5.9

Education and health services.................................. 688 771 733 2.9 3.2 3.0

Educational services.......................................... 66 96 78 1.8 2.5 2.0

Health care and social assistance........................... 622 675 655 3.1 3.3 3.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 1,094 915 1,194 8.5 6.2 8.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 143 98 183 8.7 4.9 8.8

Accommodation and food services.......................... 951 817 1,011 8.5 6.4 7.8

Other services.................................................... 188 212 208 3.5 3.8 3.7

Government.......................................................... 269 312 285 1.2 1.4 1.3

Federal............................................................. 33 32 35 1.1 1.1 1.2

State and local.................................................... 236 280 251 1.2 1.4 1.3

State and local education..................................... 99 143 115 1.0 1.3 1.1

State and local, excluding education........................ 137 137 135 1.5 1.6 1.5

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 909 839 936 3.6 3.2 3.5

South................................................................. 2,215 2,451 2,615 4.2 4.4 4.7

Midwest............................................................... 1,237 1,043 1,263 4.0 3.2 3.9

West.................................................................. 1,271 1,319 1,334 3.8 3.8 3.8

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 4,855 4,927 5,637 3.4 3.3 3.8

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,618 4,653 5,347 3.8 3.7 4.2

Mining and logging............................................... 14 18 20 2.5 3.1 3.3

Construction....................................................... 303 284 347 4.2 3.9 4.7

Manufacturing..................................................... 408 404 488 3.3 3.2 3.9

Durable goods.................................................. 238 221 255 3.1 2.8 3.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 169 183 234 3.7 3.8 4.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,052 1,070 1,214 3.9 3.8 4.3

Wholesale trade................................................ 151 137 156 2.7 2.4 2.7

Retail trade..................................................... 633 718 785 4.2 4.6 5.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 268 215 272 4.1 3.1 3.9

Information........................................................ 79 68 71 2.8 2.4 2.4

Financial activities................................................ 176 180 180 2.0 2.0 2.0

Finance and insurance........................................ 120 137 130 1.8 2.1 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 56 43 50 2.6 1.9 2.2

Professional and business services............................ 1,003 1,064 1,181 4.8 4.9 5.4

Education and health services.................................. 623 658 692 2.6 2.7 2.9

Educational services.......................................... 47 63 58 1.3 1.6 1.5

Health care and social assistance........................... 576 595 634 2.9 2.9 3.1

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 789 738 944 6.1 5.0 6.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 63 64 91 3.8 3.2 4.4

Accommodation and food services.......................... 726 674 854 6.5 5.3 6.6

Other services.................................................... 173 168 209 3.3 3.0 3.7

Government.......................................................... 237 274 290 1.1 1.2 1.3

Federal............................................................. 35 36 38 1.2 1.2 1.3

State and local.................................................... 202 238 252 1.0 1.2 1.3

State and local education..................................... 71 103 110 0.7 1.0 1.0

State and local, excluding education........................ 131 135 142 1.5 1.5 1.6

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 650 700 735 2.5 2.6 2.8

South................................................................. 2,071 2,089 2,526 3.9 3.8 4.5

Midwest............................................................... 1,079 1,013 1,045 3.5 3.1 3.2

West.................................................................. 1,055 1,124 1,330 3.2 3.2 3.8

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 3,325 3,509 4,152 2.3 2.4 2.8

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 3,183 3,325 3,958 2.6 2.6 3.1

Mining and logging............................................... 8 14 15 1.5 2.4 2.6

Construction....................................................... 168 141 232 2.3 1.9 3.1

Manufacturing..................................................... 274 292 363 2.2 2.3 2.9

Durable goods.................................................. 161 156 191 2.1 2.0 2.4

Nondurable goods............................................. 113 136 171 2.4 2.9 3.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 789 827 934 2.9 2.9 3.3

Wholesale trade................................................ 95 105 108 1.7 1.8 1.9

Retail trade..................................................... 507 574 628 3.4 3.7 4.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 186 148 198 2.9 2.1 2.9

Information........................................................ 52 44 47 1.9 1.5 1.6

Financial activities................................................ 108 125 132 1.2 1.4 1.5

Finance and insurance........................................ 70 92 96 1.1 1.4 1.5

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 38 34 36 1.7 1.5 1.6

Professional and business services............................ 566 608 751 2.7 2.8 3.4

Education and health services.................................. 486 521 548 2.1 2.2 2.3

Educational services.......................................... 33 39 38 0.9 1.0 1.0

Health care and social assistance........................... 453 482 510 2.3 2.4 2.5

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 611 625 784 4.7 4.2 5.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 41 44 62 2.5 2.2 3.0

Accommodation and food services.......................... 571 581 722 5.1 4.6 5.6

Other services.................................................... 123 129 151 2.3 2.3 2.7

Government.......................................................... 142 184 194 0.6 0.8 0.9

Federal............................................................. 18 20 23 0.6 0.7 0.8

State and local.................................................... 124 164 171 0.6 0.8 0.9

State and local education..................................... 44 74 79 0.4 0.7 0.7

State and local, excluding education........................ 80 90 92 0.9 1.0 1.0

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 433 487 523 1.7 1.8 2.0

South................................................................. 1,452 1,492 1,872 2.7 2.7 3.3

Midwest............................................................... 741 741 777 2.4 2.3 2.4

West.................................................................. 699 790 980 2.1 2.3 2.8

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 1,218 1,114 1,133 0.9 0.7 0.8

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 1,175 1,074 1,087 1.0 0.8 0.9

Mining and logging............................................... 5 3 3 0.9 0.5 0.5

Construction....................................................... 122 132 87 1.7 1.8 1.2

Manufacturing..................................................... 111 92 103 0.9 0.7 0.8

Durable goods.................................................. 62 52 49 0.8 0.7 0.6

Nondurable goods............................................. 49 40 54 1.1 0.8 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 214 195 208 0.8 0.7 0.7

Wholesale trade................................................ 45 27 31 0.8 0.5 0.5

Retail trade..................................................... 98 111 125 0.6 0.7 0.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 71 57 52 1.1 0.8 0.8

Information........................................................ 23 10 17 0.8 0.4 0.6

Financial activities................................................ 57 40 25 0.7 0.5 0.3

Finance and insurance........................................ 40 31 13 0.6 0.5 0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 17 9 13 0.8 0.4 0.6

Professional and business services............................ 354 367 354 1.7 1.7 1.6

Education and health services.................................. 101 107 107 0.4 0.4 0.4

Educational services.......................................... 11 17 12 0.3 0.5 0.3

Health care and social assistance........................... 90 89 95 0.4 0.4 0.5

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 150 92 135 1.2 0.6 0.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 20 18 27 1.2 0.9 1.3

Accommodation and food services.......................... 129 74 108 1.1 0.6 0.8

Other services.................................................... 37 36 47 0.7 0.7 0.8

Government.......................................................... 44 40 46 0.2 0.2 0.2

Federal............................................................. 7 6 5 0.3 0.2 0.2

State and local.................................................... 36 34 41 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local education..................................... 16 17 18 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local, excluding education........................ 20 17 23 0.2 0.2 0.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 162 156 148 0.6 0.6 0.6

South................................................................. 506 461 528 0.9 0.8 0.9

Midwest............................................................... 273 229 195 0.9 0.7 0.6

West.................................................................. 277 268 262 0.8 0.8 0.8

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Mar.

2021

Feb.

2022

Mar.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 311 303 352 0.2 0.2 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 260 254 302 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging............................................... 1 1 2 0.1 0.1 0.3

Construction....................................................... 13 12 28 0.2 0.2 0.4

Manufacturing..................................................... 22 21 23 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods.................................................. 15 13 14 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 8 7 9 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 50 49 72 0.2 0.2 0.3

Wholesale trade................................................ 11 5 17 0.2 0.1 0.3

Retail trade..................................................... 28 33 33 0.2 0.2 0.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 11 10 22 0.2 0.1 0.3

Information........................................................ 4 14 7 0.1 0.5 0.2

Financial activities................................................ 10 14 22 0.1 0.2 0.3

Finance and insurance........................................ 10 14 22 0.2 0.2 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 1 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Professional and business services............................ 83 89 76 0.4 0.4 0.3

Education and health services.................................. 36 30 37 0.2 0.1 0.2

Educational services.......................................... 3 6 7 0.1 0.2 0.2

Health care and social assistance........................... 33 24 30 0.2 0.1 0.1

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 28 21 25 0.2 0.1 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 2 1 2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 27 19 23 0.2 0.2 0.2

Other services.................................................... 13 3 11 0.2 0.1 0.2

Government.......................................................... 51 50 50 0.2 0.2 0.2

Federal............................................................. 10 9 9 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local.................................................... 41 40 40 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local education..................................... 11 12 13 0.1 0.1 0.1

State and local, excluding education........................ 30 28 27 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 54 58 64 0.2 0.2 0.2

South................................................................. 114 137 126 0.2 0.2 0.2

Midwest............................................................... 65 43 73 0.2 0.1 0.2

West.................................................................. 79 66 89 0.2 0.2 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.