Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-18-0542

8:30 a.m. (EDT) April 11, 2018

Technical information: (202) 691-7000 • cpi_info@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cpi

Media Contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

CONSUMER PRICE INDEX – MARCH 2018

The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) decreased 0.1 percent in March on a 

seasonally adjusted basis after rising 0.2 percent in February, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 

reported today. Over the last 12 months, the all items index rose 2.4 percent before seasonal adjustment.

A decline in the gasoline index more than outweighed increases in the indexes for shelter, medical care, 

and food to result in the slight seasonally adjusted decline in the all items index. The energy index fell 

sharply due mainly to the 4.9-percent decrease in the gasoline index. The index for food rose 0.1 percent

over the month, with the indexes for food at home and food away from home both increasing.

The index for all items less food and energy increased 0.2 percent in March, the same increase as in 

February. Along with shelter and medical care, the indexes for personal care, motor vehicle insurance, 

and airline fares all rose. The indexes for apparel, for communication, and for used cars and trucks all 

declined over the month. 

The all items index rose 2.4 percent for the 12 months ending March, the largest 12-month increase 

since the period ending March 2017 and higher than the 1.6-percent average annual rate over the past 10 

years. The index for all items less food and energy rose 2.1 percent, its largest 12-month increase since 

the period ending February 2017. The energy index increased 7.0 percent over the past 12 months, and 

the food index advanced 1.3 percent. 

-0.2

-0.1

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

Mar'17 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar'18

Chart 1. One-month percent change in CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), seasonally adjusted, Mar. 2017 - Mar. 2018

Percent change

 -0.2

 0.2

 -0.1

 0.0

 0.1

 0.4

 0.5

 0.1

 0.3

 0.2

 0.5

 0.2

 -0.1
-2-

Table A. Percent changes in CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average

Seasonally adjusted changes from preceding month Unadjusted 

12-mos. 

ended

Mar. 2018

Sep. 

2017

Oct. 

2017

Nov. 

2017

Dec. 

2017

Jan. 

2018

Feb. 

2018

Mar. 

2018

All items ................................................. .5 .1 .3 .2 .5 .2 -.1 2.4

Food .................................................... .1 .1 .0 .2 .2 .0 .1 1.3

Food at home .................................... .0 .1 -.1 .2 .1 -.2 .1 .4

Food away from home 1 .................... .3 .1 .2 .2 .4 .2 .1 2.5

Energy ................................................. 4.7 -1.4 3.2 -.2 3.0 .1 -2.8 7.0

Energy commodities .......................... 9.6 -3.0 5.8 -.7 5.8 -.9 -4.7 11.3

Gasoline (all types) .......................... 10.0 -3.2 6.0 -.8 5.7 -.9 -4.9 11.1

Fuel oil ............................................. 6.4 1.4 5.6 .9 9.5 -3.6 -.7 20.0

Energy services ................................. .0 .4 .5 .4 -.8 1.4 -.2 2.5

Electricity ......................................... .1 .4 .5 .2 -.2 .4 .0 2.2

Utility (piped) gas service ................ -.4 .4 .7 1.0 -2.6 4.7 -1.2 3.4

All items less food and energy ............ .1 .2 .1 .2 .3 .2 .2 2.1

Commodities less food and energy

commodities ................................ -.2 .0 -.1 .2 .4 .1 -.1 -.3

New vehicles ................................... -.3 -.2 .2 .5 -.1 -.5 .0 -1.2

Used cars and trucks ....................... -.3 .7 .5 .7 .4 -.3 -.3 .4

Apparel ............................................ .1 -.2 -.9 -.3 1.7 1.5 -.6 .3

Medical care commodities ............... -.5 .0 .5 .9 -.1 -.3 .1 1.4

Services less energy services ........... .2 .3 .2 .3 .3 .2 .3 2.9

Shelter ............................................. .2 .3 .2 .3 .2 .2 .4 3.3

Transportation services ................... .3 .4 .1 .3 .8 1.0 .2 4.3

Medical care services ...................... .1 .3 -.1 .2 .6 .0 .5 2.1

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

1.6

1.7

1.8

1.9

2.0

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

Mar'17 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar'18

Chart 2. 12-month percent change in CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), not seasonally adjusted, Mar. 2017 - Mar. 2018

Percent change

All items All items less food and energy
-3-

Food

The food index rose 0.1 percent in March after being unchanged in February. The index for food away 

from home increased 0.1 percent in March. The index for food at home also increased 0.1 percent as 

four of the six major grocery store food group indexes rose. The index for meats, poultry, fish, and eggs 

increased 0.8 percent in March after declining in January and February. The index for cereals and bakery 

products rose 0.4 percent, as did the index for nonalcoholic beverages. The index for dairy and related 

products also rose in March, advancing 0.3 percent after declining 0.3 percent in February.

The fruits and vegetables index declined 0.7 percent in March after falling 0.5 percent the prior month. 

The index for other food at home also fell for the second month in a row, declining 0.2 percent. 

The index for food at home rose 0.4 percent over the last 12 months. The index for meats, poultry, fish, 

and eggs increased 2.1 percent over the span. Other food at home price indexes were relatively flat; all 

five of the remaining grocery store food groups moved less than 1 percent over the last year. The index 

for food away from home increased 2.5 percent over the last 12 months. 

Energy

The energy index fell 2.8 percent in March after rising in 3 of the last 4 months. The gasoline index fell 

4.9 percent in March after a 0.9-percent decrease in February. (Before seasonal adjustment, gasoline 

prices decreased 0.2 percent in March.) The index for natural gas also declined in March, falling 1.2 

percent after rising 4.7 percent in February. The index for electricity was unchanged in March.

The energy index increased 7.0 percent over the past year, with all the major component indexes rising.

The gasoline index increased 11.1 percent and the fuel oil index rose 20.0 percent. The electricity index 

increased 2.2 percent, and the index for natural gas advanced 3.4 percent. 

All items less food and energy

The index for all items less food and energy increased 0.2 percent in March. The shelter index increased 

0.4 percent, with the indexes for rent and owners' equivalent rent both rising 0.3 percent. The index for 

lodging away from home increased 2.3 percent in March after falling in January and being unchanged in 

February. The medical care index rose 0.4 percent, with the hospital services index rising 0.6 percent, 

the physicians' services index increasing 0.2 percent, but the index for prescription drugs declining 0.2

percent.

The personal care index increased 0.3 percent in March. The index for motor vehicle insurance 

continued to rise, increasing 0.3 percent. The airline fares index increased 0.6 percent, the same increase 

as in February. The indexes for alcoholic beverages and household furnishings and operations both 

increased 0.1 percent in March, while the indexes for new vehicles and for recreation were unchanged.

The apparel index fell 0.6 percent in March after rising in each of the two prior months. The index for 

communication declined 0.3 percent. The used cars and trucks index fell 0.3 percent in March, the same 

decline as in February. The indexes for education and for tobacco also declined in March. 

The index for all items less food and energy rose 2.1 percent over the past 12 months, a higher figure 

than the 1.8-percent annual average increase over the past 10 years. The shelter index rose 3.3 percent 

over the last 12 months, a higher figure than the 2.2-percent average annual increase over the past 
-4-

decade. The index for medical care advanced 2.0 percent, a lower rate than the 2.9-percent average 

annual rate over the past 10 years.

Not seasonally adjusted CPI measures

The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) increased 2.4 percent over the last 12 

months to an index level of 249.554 (1982-84=100). For the month, the index increased 0.2 percent prior 

to seasonal adjustment. 

The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) increased 2.4

percent over the last 12 months to an index level of 243.463 (1982-84=100). For the month, the index 

increased 0.2 percent prior to seasonal adjustment. 

The Chained Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U) increased 2.2 percent over the 

last 12 months. For the month, the index increased 0.2 percent on a not seasonally adjusted basis. Please 

note that the indexes for the past 10 to 12 months are subject to revision.

The Consumer Price Index for April 2018 is scheduled to be released on Thursday, May 10, 2018,

at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).
-5-

Technical Note

Brief Explanation of the CPI

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in prices paid by consumers for goods and 

services. The CPI reflects spending patterns for each of two population groups: all urban consumers and 

urban wage earners and clerical workers. The all urban consumer group represents about 93 percent of 

the total U.S. population. It is based on the expenditures of almost all residents of urban or metropolitan 

areas, including professionals, the self-employed, the poor, the unemployed, and retired people, as well 

as urban wage earners and clerical workers. Not included in the CPI are the spending patterns of people 

living in rural nonmetropolitan areas, farming families, people in the Armed Forces, and those in 

institutions, such as prisons and mental hospitals. Consumer inflation for all urban consumers is 

measured by two indexes, namely, the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) and the 

Chained Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U).

The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is based on the 

expenditures of households included in the CPI-U definition that meet two requirements: more than onehalf of the household's income must come from clerical or wage occupations, and at least one of the 

household's earners must have been employed for at least 37 weeks during the previous 12 months. The 

CPI-W population represents about 29 percent of the total U.S. population and is a subset of the CPI-U

population.

The CPIs are based on prices of food, clothing, shelter, fuels, transportation, doctors’ and dentists’ 

services, drugs, and other goods and services that people buy for day-to-day living. Prices are collected 

each month in 75 urban areas across the country from about 5,000 housing units and approximately 

22,000 retail establishments (department stores, supermarkets, hospitals, filling stations, and other types 

of stores and service establishments). All taxes directly associated with the purchase and use of items are 

included in the index. Prices of fuels and a few other items are obtained every month in all 75 locations. 

Prices of most other commodities and services are collected every month in the three largest geographic 

areas and every other month in other areas. Prices of most goods and services are obtained by personal 

visits or telephone calls by the Bureau’s trained representatives.

In calculating the index, price changes for the various items in each location are aggregated using 

weights, which represent their importance in the spending of the appropriate population group. Local 

data are then combined to obtain a U.S. city average. For the CPI-U and CPI-W, separate indexes are 

also published by size of city, by region of the country, for cross-classifications of regions and 

population-size classes, and for 23 selected local areas. Area indexes do not measure differences in the 

level of prices among cities; they only measure the average change in prices for each area since the base 

period. For the C-CPI-U, data are issued only at the national level. The CPI-U and CPI-W are 

considered final when released, but the C-CPI-U is issued in preliminary form and subject to three 

subsequent quarterly revisions. 

The index measures price change from a designed reference date. For most of the CPI-U and the CPI-W, 

the reference base is 1982-84 equals 100. The reference base for the C-CPI-U is December 1999 equals 

100. An increase of 7 percent from the reference base, for example, is shown as 107.000. Alternatively, 

that relationship can also be expressed as the price of a base period market basket of goods and services 

rising from $100 to $107. 

Sampling Error in the CPI

The CPI is a statistical estimate that is subject to sampling error because it is based upon a sample of 

retail prices and not the complete universe of all prices. BLS calculates and publishes estimates of the 1-

month, 2-month, 6-month, and 12-month percent change standard errors annually for the CPI-U. These 

standard error estimates can be used to construct confidence intervals for hypothesis testing. For 
-6-

example, the estimated standard error of the 1-month percent change is 0.03 percent for the U.S. all 

items CPI. This means that if we repeatedly sample from the universe of all retail prices using the same 

methodology, and estimate a percentage change for each sample, then 95 percent of these estimates will 

be within 0.06 percent of the 1-month percentage change based on all retail prices. For example, for a 1-

month change of 0.2 percent in the all items CPI-U, we are 95 percent confident that the actual percent 

change based on all retail prices would fall between 0.14 and 0.26 percent. For the latest data, including 

information on how to use the estimates of standard error, see https://www.bls.gov/cpi/tables/varianceestimates/home.htm.

Calculating Index Changes

Movements of the indexes from 1 month to another are usually expressed as percent changes rather than 

changes in index points, because index point changes are affected by the level of the index in relation to 

its base period, while percent changes are not. The following table shows an example of using index 

values to calculate percent changes:

Item A Item B Item C

Year I 112.500 225.000 110.000

Year II 121.500 243.000 128.000

Change in index 

points 9.000 18.000 18.000

Percent change 9.0/112.500 x 100 = 8.0 18.0/225.000 x 100 = 8.0 18.0/110.000 x 100 = 16.4

Use of Seasonally Adjusted and Unadjusted Data

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) produces both unadjusted and seasonally adjusted data. Seasonally 

adjusted data are computed using seasonal factors derived by the X-13ARIMA-SEATS seasonal 

adjustment method. These factors are updated each February, and the new factors are used to revise the 

previous 5 years of seasonally adjusted data. For more information on data revision scheduling, please 

see the Factsheet on Seasonal Adjustment at www.bls.gov/cpi/seasonal-adjustment/questions-andanswers.htm and the Timeline of Seasonal Adjustment Methodological Changes at 

www.bls.gov/cpi/seasonal-adjustment/timeline-seasonal-adjustment-methodology-changes.htm.

For analyzing short-term price trends in the economy, seasonally adjusted changes are usually preferred 

since they eliminate the effect of changes that normally occur at the same time and in about the same 

magnitude every year—such as price movements resulting from weather events, production cycles, 

model changeovers, holidays, and sales. This allows data users to focus on changes that are not typical 

for the time of year. The unadjusted data are of primary interest to consumers concerned about the prices 

they actually pay. Unadjusted data are also used extensively for escalation purposes. Many collective 

bargaining contract agreements and pension plans, for example, tie compensation changes to the 

Consumer Price Index before adjustment for seasonal variation. BLS advises against the use of 

seasonally adjusted data in escalation agreements because seasonally adjusted series are revised 

annually.

Intervention Analysis

The Bureau of Labor Statistics uses intervention analysis seasonal adjustment for some CPI series. 

Sometimes extreme values or sharp movements can distort the underlying seasonal pattern of price 

change. Intervention analysis seasonal adjustment is a process by which the distortions caused by such 

unusual events are estimated and removed from the data prior to calculation of seasonal factors. The 
-7-

resulting seasonal factors, which more accurately represent the seasonal pattern, are then applied to the 

unadjusted data. 

For example, this procedure was used for the motor fuel series to offset the effects of the 2009 return to 

normal pricing after the worldwide economic downturn in 2008. Retaining this outlier data during 

seasonal factor calculation would distort the computation of the seasonal portion of the time series data 

for motor fuel, so it was estimated and removed from the data prior to seasonal adjustment. Following 

that, seasonal factors were calculated based on this “prior adjusted” data. These seasonal factors 

represent a clearer picture of the seasonal pattern in the data. The last step is for motor fuel seasonal 

factors to be applied to the unadjusted data.

For the seasonal factors introduced in January 2018, BLS adjusted 38 series using intervention analysis 

seasonal adjustment, including selected food and beverage items, motor fuels, and natural gas. 

Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Indexes

Seasonally adjusted data, including the U.S. city average all items index levels, are subject to revision 

for up to 5 years after their original release. Every year, economists in the CPI calculate new seasonal 

factors for seasonally adjusted series and apply them to the last 5 years of data. Seasonally adjusted 

indexes beyond the last 5 years of data are considered to be final and not subject to revision. In January 

2018, revised seasonal factors and seasonally adjusted indexes for 2013 to 2017 were calculated and 

published. For series which are directly adjusted using the Census X-13ARIMA-SEATS seasonal 

adjustment software, the seasonal factors for 2017 will be applied to data for 2018 to produce the 

seasonally adjusted 2018 indexes. Series which are indirectly seasonally adjusted by summing 

seasonally adjusted component series have seasonal factors which are derived and are therefore not 

available in advance. 

Determining Seasonal Status

Each year the seasonal status of every series is reevaluated based upon certain statistical criteria. Using 

these criteria, BLS economists determine whether a series should change its status from "not seasonally 

adjusted" to "seasonally adjusted", or vice versa. If any of the 81 components of the U.S. city average all 

items index change their seasonal adjustment status from seasonally adjusted to not seasonally adjusted, 

not seasonally adjusted data will be used in the aggregation of the dependent series for the last 5 years, 

but the seasonally adjusted indexes before that period will not be changed. Twenty-nine of the 81 

components of the U.S. city average all items index are not seasonally adjusted for 2018.

Contact Information

For additional information about the CPI visit www.bls.gov/cpi or contact the CPI Information and 

Analysis Section at 202-691-7000 or cpi_info@bls.gov.

For additional information on seasonal adjustment in the CPI visit https://www.bls.gov/cpi/seasonaladjustment/home.htm or contact the CPI seasonal adjustment section at 202-691-6968 or 

cpiseas@bls.gov.

Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. 

Voice phone: 202-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-800-877-8339.
Table 1. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2018

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

Unadjusted indexes Unadjusted percent

change

Seasonally adjusted percent

change

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018

Mar.

2017-

Mar.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

Dec.

2017-

Jan.

2018

Jan.

2018-

Feb.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

All items............................................. 100.000 243.801 248.991 249.554 2.4 0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.1

Food.............................................. 13.306 249.165 252.266 252.370 1.3 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1

Food at home................................. 7.327 238.256 239.190 239.158 0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.1

Cereals and bakery products............ 0.959 272.174 271.245 272.345 0.1 0.4 0.3 -0.1 0.4

Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs............ 1.610 244.306 247.095 249.516 2.1 1.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.8

Dairy and related products............... 0.735 218.567 216.412 216.497 -0.9 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.3

Fruits and vegetables..................... 1.298 292.932 298.503 293.870 0.3 -1.6 0.5 -0.5 -0.7

Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage

materials.................................. 0.873 168.455 167.736 167.758 -0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.4

Other food at home........................ 1.852 210.002 210.115 210.012 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.2

Food away from home1

...................... 5.978 267.055 273.435 273.733 2.5 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.1

Energy............................................ 7.687 198.597 213.519 212.554 7.0 -0.5 3.0 0.1 -2.8

Energy commodities......................... 4.254 209.029 233.414 232.716 11.3 -0.3 5.8 -0.9 -4.7

Fuel oil...................................... 0.117 240.619 292.718 288.737 20.0 -1.4 9.5 -3.6 -0.7

Motor fuel................................... 4.059 205.155 228.666 228.068 11.2 -0.3 5.6 -0.8 -4.9

Gasoline (all types)..................... 3.971 204.217 227.420 226.872 11.1 -0.2 5.7 -0.9 -4.9

Energy services2

............................. 3.433 197.709 203.932 202.625 2.5 -0.6 -0.8 1.4 -0.2

Electricity2.................................. 2.634 205.692 210.970 210.273 2.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.4 0.0

Utility (piped) gas service2

................ 0.799 170.755 179.557 176.567 3.4 -1.7 -2.6 4.7 -1.2

All items less food and energy................ 79.007 251.290 255.783 256.610 2.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

Commodities less food and energy

commodities................................ 19.895 145.527 144.412 145.050 -0.3 0.4 0.4 0.1 -0.1

Apparel...................................... 3.136 128.250 126.587 128.604 0.3 1.6 1.7 1.5 -0.6

New vehicles............................... 3.775 148.543 146.807 146.727 -1.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5 0.0

Used cars and trucks...................... 2.407 139.372 137.768 139.892 0.4 1.5 0.4 -0.3 -0.3

Medical care commodities................ 1.740 376.440 381.975 381.804 1.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.1

Alcoholic beverages....................... 0.970 244.978 248.166 248.287 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1

Tobacco and smoking products.......... 0.646 987.910 1,049.343 1,046.450 5.9 -0.3 0.3 0.1 -0.2

Services less energy services.............. 59.112 316.481 324.690 325.610 2.9 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3

Shelter....................................... 32.697 295.044 303.653 304.847 3.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.4

Rent of primary residence2

............ 7.779 304.868 315.277 315.883 3.6 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3

Owners’ equivalent rent of

residences2, 3.......................... 23.606 302.259 311.280 312.107 3.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3

Medical care services..................... 6.939 505.991 515.205 516.713 2.1 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.5

Physicians’ services2

................... 1.750 383.965 380.470 380.766 -0.8 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2

Hospital services2, 4..................... 2.324 314.529 329.701 330.759 5.2 0.3 1.3 -0.5 0.6

Transportation services................... 5.987 307.490 320.089 320.774 4.3 0.2 0.8 1.0 0.2

Motor vehicle maintenance and

repair1

.................................. 1.116 279.600 284.032 283.656 1.5 -0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1

Motor vehicle insurance................ 2.396 517.619 563.365 563.762 8.9 0.1 1.3 1.7 0.3

Airline fares.............................. 0.712 283.583 265.272 267.482 -5.7 0.8 -0.6 0.6 0.6

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means

estimator.

3 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base.

4 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base.

NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure

category, March 2018

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

Unadjusted percent

change Seasonally adjusted percent change

Mar.

2017-

Mar.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

Dec.

2017-

Jan.

2018

Jan.

2018-

Feb.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

All items................................................................. 100.000 2.4 0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.1

Food.................................................................. 13.306 1.3 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1

Food at home..................................................... 7.327 0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.1

Cereals and bakery products................................. 0.959 0.1 0.4 0.3 -0.1 0.4

Cereals and cereal products............................... 0.311 -1.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0

Flour and prepared flour mixes......................... 0.042 -0.1 -1.2 -0.2 1.5 -0.8

Breakfast cereal1

......................................... 0.150 -2.4 0.4 -0.7 -1.5 0.4

Rice, pasta, cornmeal1

................................... 0.120 0.4 -0.3 0.7 1.3 -0.3

Rice1, 2, 3................................................ -0.5 -0.6 1.9 -0.4 -0.6

Bakery products1

......................................... 0.648 0.6 0.6 1.1 -0.5 0.6

Bread1, 2................................................. 0.189 1.3 2.0 -0.5 -0.6 2.0

White bread1, 3...................................... 0.5 2.4 -1.0 -0.6 2.4

Bread other than white1, 3.......................... 1.9 1.4 -0.2 -0.7 1.4

Fresh biscuits, rolls, muffins2

......................... 0.092 1.0 0.7 -0.6 -0.2 0.6

Cakes, cupcakes, and cookies....................... 0.164 1.9 -0.3 1.6 0.6 -0.6

Cookies3

.............................................. 1.4 -0.9 2.4 0.7 -0.8

Fresh cakes and cupcakes1, 3..................... 2.1 0.7 0.7 -0.1 0.7

Other bakery products................................ 0.203 -1.3 0.1 0.5 -0.5 0.0

Fresh sweetrolls, coffeecakes, doughnuts1, 3.... 1.5 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.5

Crackers, bread, and cracker products3

......... -2.4 0.8 0.5 -1.1 0.5

Frozen and refrigerated bakery products, pies,

tarts, turnovers3

................................... -1.2 -1.1 0.6 -0.7 -1.2

Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs................................ 1.610 2.1 1.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.8

Meats, poultry, and fish.................................... 1.511 1.3 1.0 -0.5 -0.3 0.6

Meats...................................................... 0.948 1.4 1.0 -0.3 -0.6 0.6

Beef and veal.......................................... 0.426 2.8 1.2 -1.2 -0.7 0.6

Uncooked ground beef1

............................ 0.173 4.0 1.0 -0.8 -0.4 1.0

Uncooked beef roasts1, 2........................... 0.060 1.6 1.7 -1.2 1.3 1.7

Uncooked beef steaks2

............................. 0.156 1.1 1.4 -1.7 -1.0 0.4

Uncooked other beef and veal1, 2................. 0.037 5.5 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.7

Pork...................................................... 0.298 0.4 0.7 0.7 -0.8 0.3

Bacon, breakfast sausage, and related

products2

.......................................... 0.136 1.4 0.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.7

Bacon and related products3

.................... 0.0 -0.3 1.1 0.0 -1.0

Breakfast sausage and related products2, 3... 3.5 1.7 -1.0 -0.7 2.5

Ham................................................... 0.052 -2.8 3.7 -1.4 -1.8 1.1

Ham, excluding canned3

........................ -2.8 4.1 -1.0 -2.6 1.3

Pork chops1.......................................... 0.043 0.9 -0.9 1.6 0.3 -0.9

Other pork including roasts and picnics2

......... 0.068 0.6 -0.1 1.3 -1.7 0.6

Other meats............................................ 0.223 0.1 1.0 0.1 -0.2 1.0

Frankfurters3

......................................... 1.3 1.3 -0.1 1.3 -0.4

Lunchmeats2, 3...................................... -0.5 1.2 0.1 -0.4 1.2

Lamb and organ meats1, 3.........................

Lamb and mutton1, 2, 3..............................

Poultry1

.................................................. 0.318 0.7 0.5 -1.3 0.4 0.5

Chicken1, 2........................................... 0.261 2.1 0.8 -1.5 0.6 0.8

Fresh whole chicken1, 3.......................... 1.6 0.9 -0.3 -0.4 0.9

Fresh and frozen chicken parts1, 3............. 2.7 0.8 -2.0 1.1 0.8

Other poultry including turkey2

.................... 0.058 -5.3 -1.1 -1.9 -1.6 -1.5

Fish and seafood...................................... 0.245 1.7 1.3 -0.6 -0.1 1.0

Fresh fish and seafood2

............................ 0.127 2.3 1.3 -0.2 1.0 0.6

Processed fish and seafood2

...................... 0.118 1.4 1.3 -1.0 -1.7 2.0

Shelf stable fish and seafood1, 3............... 4.7 3.9 -1.7 -3.8 3.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure

category, March 2018 — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

Unadjusted percent

change Seasonally adjusted percent change

Mar.

2017-

Mar.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

Dec.

2017-

Jan.

2018

Jan.

2018-

Feb.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

Frozen fish and seafood3

........................ -1.8 -0.5 -0.7 -1.2 0.1

Eggs........................................................ 0.099 16.3 1.4 5.2 2.0 3.8

Dairy and related products................................... 0.735 -0.9 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.3

Milk1, 2........................................................ 0.202 -3.9 -1.3 -1.2 -0.2 -1.3

Fresh whole milk3

........................................ -5.1 -1.3 -0.9 0.6 -0.9

Fresh milk other than whole2, 3......................... -2.8 -1.0 -0.4 0.3 -0.6

Cheese and related products.............................. 0.240 0.8 0.6 0.5 -1.0 0.8

Ice cream and related products........................... 0.106 -0.2 0.7 1.2 -2.3 2.0

Other dairy and related products1, 2...................... 0.188 -0.3 0.4 0.8 0.0 0.4

Fruits and vegetables......................................... 1.298 0.3 -1.6 0.5 -0.5 -0.7

Fresh fruits and vegetables................................ 1.025 1.0 -1.7 0.5 -0.7 -0.7

Fresh fruits................................................ 0.554 1.0 -1.9 1.9 -0.8 -1.2

Apples................................................... 0.078 -0.5 -1.3 0.1 -0.4 -1.2

Bananas1

............................................... 0.081 1.1 0.9 0.4 1.4 0.9

Citrus fruits2

............................................ 0.150 9.1 1.2 1.1 1.4 0.0

Oranges, including tangerines3.................... 6.1 -2.6 1.1 0.9 -2.7

Other fresh fruits2

...................................... 0.245 -3.2 -4.8 2.1 -2.4 -1.9

Fresh vegetables......................................... 0.471 1.1 -1.5 -1.2 -0.6 -0.1

Potatoes................................................. 0.076 -0.1 -2.2 -2.0 0.7 -1.1

Lettuce.................................................. 0.057 -2.6 0.2 -5.5 0.6 2.9

Tomatoes1

.............................................. 0.082 5.4 -3.1 5.3 -8.7 -3.1

Other fresh vegetables................................ 0.256 1.0 -1.2 -0.8 -0.3 -0.4

Processed fruits and vegetables2

...................... 0.273 -2.2 -1.0 0.4 0.0 -0.3

Canned fruits and vegetables2

....................... 0.148 -2.4 -1.1 2.1 -1.1 -0.3

Canned fruits2, 3..................................... -5.5 -3.0 0.1 -0.7 -2.6

Canned vegetables2, 3.............................. -0.6 -0.1 3.1 -1.3 0.7

Frozen fruits and vegetables2

........................ 0.080 -1.2 -0.4 -1.8 1.4 -0.3

Frozen vegetables3

................................. -1.5 -0.2 -1.3 0.3 0.1

Other processed fruits and vegetables including

dried2

................................................. 0.045 -3.6 -2.0 -1.1 0.9 -1.0

Dried beans, peas, and lentils1, 2, 3............... -4.0 -2.1 -2.4 1.7 -2.1

Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials. ........ 0.873 -0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.4

Juices and nonalcoholic drinks2

........................... 0.617 -0.1 -0.2 0.8 -0.2 0.3

Carbonated drinks........................................ 0.258 0.3 -0.2 0.4 0.4 0.3

Frozen noncarbonated juices and drinks1, 2.......... 0.009 0.3 0.4 -0.5 0.6 0.4

Nonfrozen noncarbonated juices and drinks2

......... 0.351 -0.5 -0.2 1.0 -1.0 0.4

Beverage materials including coffee and tea2

........... 0.256 -1.2 0.5 -1.5 -0.4 0.9

Coffee...................................................... 0.164 -1.6 1.1 -2.6 0.1 1.0

Roasted coffee3

........................................ -2.1 0.4 -2.5 0.1 0.3

Instant coffee1, 3........................................ -3.5 2.0 -2.5 -1.3 2.0

Other beverage materials including tea1, 2............ 0.092 -0.4 -0.6 0.2 -0.4 -0.6

Other food at home............................................ 1.852 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.2

Sugar and sweets1

.......................................... 0.282 1.2 0.1 1.3 -0.3 0.1

Sugar and artificial sweeteners......................... 0.043 1.4 -0.3 -0.2 -1.2 1.0

Candy and chewing gum1, 2............................. 0.184 1.5 0.3 0.4 -0.2 0.3

Other sweets2

............................................. 0.055 0.1 -0.5 0.7 0.1 -0.1

Fats and oils................................................. 0.218 0.2 -1.0 -0.1 0.5 -0.7

Butter and margarine2

................................... 0.061 -0.1 -0.7 0.0 -0.5 -0.1

Butter3

................................................... 0.6 -1.7 0.4 0.1 -1.5

Margarine3

.............................................. 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.2 1.4

Salad dressing2

........................................... 0.053 -1.6 -0.8 0.0 0.8 -0.3

Other fats and oils including peanut butter2

.......... 0.104 1.2 -1.2 -0.8 1.1 -1.2

Peanut butter1, 2, 3..................................... 1.0 -0.9 1.6 3.4 -0.9

Other foods................................................ 1.352 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure

category, March 2018 — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

Unadjusted percent

change Seasonally adjusted percent change

Mar.

2017-

Mar.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

Dec.

2017-

Jan.

2018

Jan.

2018-

Feb.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

Soups.................................................... 0.083 -2.0 -0.3 -0.9 0.0 -3.0

Frozen and freeze dried prepared foods1

.......... 0.235 -0.2 0.3 -1.5 0.0 0.3

Snacks1................................................. 0.312 -0.5 0.2 -0.2 0.6 0.2

Spices, seasonings, condiments, sauces........... 0.272 0.3 0.1 0.2 -1.1 0.4

Salt and other seasonings and spices2, 3........ 2.0 -0.6 2.1 -0.1 0.2

Olives, pickles, relishes1, 2, 3....................... -2.9 -2.0 0.9 0.2 -2.0

Sauces and gravies2, 3............................. 2.5 0.6 0.4 -1.1 0.4

Other condiments3

.................................. -1.3 1.0 -1.4 -1.5 1.8

Baby food1, 2........................................... 0.049 0.9 -0.1 0.6 0.5 -0.1

Other miscellaneous foods1, 2........................ 0.401 -0.3 -0.1 -1.6 0.9 -0.1

Prepared salads1, 3, 4............................... 0.5 -0.2 -1.3 1.5 -0.2

Food away from home1

.......................................... 5.978 2.5 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.1

Full service meals and snacks1, 2........................... 2.971 2.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1

Limited service meals and snacks1, 2....................... 2.544 3.0 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.1

Food at employee sites and schools2

....................... 0.180 2.1 -0.1 0.0 0.7 0.1

Food at elementary and secondary schools1, 3, 5....... 1.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Food from vending machines and mobile vendors1, 2. . .. 0.090 2.3 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1

Other food away from home1, 2.............................. 0.194 2.2 -0.2 0.8 0.0 -0.2

Energy................................................................ 7.687 7.0 -0.5 3.0 0.1 -2.8

Energy commodities............................................. 4.254 11.3 -0.3 5.8 -0.9 -4.7

Fuel oil and other fuels........................................ 0.195 14.2 -1.1 7.0 -2.1 -0.8

Fuel oil........................................................ 0.117 20.0 -1.4 9.5 -3.6 -0.7

Propane, kerosene, and firewood6

........................ 0.078 7.2 -0.7 2.2 -0.6 0.5

Motor fuel....................................................... 4.059 11.2 -0.3 5.6 -0.8 -4.9

Gasoline (all types)......................................... 3.971 11.1 -0.2 5.7 -0.9 -4.9

Gasoline, unleaded regular3

............................ 11.3 -0.3 6.1 -1.1 -4.8

Gasoline, unleaded midgrade3, 7....................... 9.9 0.0 4.9 -1.3 -3.7

Gasoline, unleaded premium3

.......................... 10.2 0.2 3.2 0.9 -4.5

Other motor fuels2

.......................................... 0.088 16.5 -1.2 6.6 1.4 -1.9

Energy services8.................................................. 3.433 2.5 -0.6 -0.8 1.4 -0.2

Electricity8

....................................................... 2.634 2.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.4 0.0

Utility (piped) gas service8

.................................... 0.799 3.4 -1.7 -2.6 4.7 -1.2

All items less food and energy.................................... 79.007 2.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

Commodities less food and energy commodities............ 19.895 -0.3 0.4 0.4 0.1 -0.1

Household furnishings and supplies9

....................... 3.395 -1.5 0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.1

Window and floor coverings and other linens1, 2........ 0.271 -1.7 -1.3 4.1 0.4 -1.3

Floor coverings1, 2........................................ 0.056 4.4 0.7 1.4 2.4 0.7

Window coverings1, 2..................................... 0.049 -5.5 -3.2 2.0 2.2 -3.2

Other linens1, 2............................................ 0.165 -2.7 -1.4 5.6 -0.7 -1.4

Furniture and bedding...................................... 0.888 -1.3 -0.4 0.4 0.2 -1.0

Bedroom furniture1

....................................... 0.324 -0.1 -0.3 0.7 -0.2 -0.3

Living room, kitchen, and dining room furniture1, 2. .. 0.425 -2.0 -0.6 0.6 0.1 -0.6

Other furniture2

........................................... 0.127 -2.0 0.3 1.2 -1.9 -0.5

Infants’ furniture1, 3, 5.................................. -5.1 -4.2 -0.5 0.0 -4.2

Appliances2

.................................................. 0.208 -2.2 1.0 -0.6 -1.5 1.2

Major appliances2

........................................ 0.074 -3.6 0.8 0.5 -2.7 0.3

Laundry equipment3

................................... -7.2 0.2 3.4 -5.9 -0.6

Other appliances2........................................ 0.131 -1.5 1.1 -1.2 -0.6 1.7

Other household equipment and furnishings2

........... 0.525 -6.2 0.2 -2.2 0.4 0.3

Clocks, lamps, and decorator items1

.................. 0.291 -10.2 -0.4 -0.7 -0.2 -0.4

Indoor plants and flowers10............................. 0.095 1.5 1.2 -1.9 1.1 1.9

Dishes and flatware1, 2................................... 0.059 -6.8 -2.7 0.9 1.1 -2.7

Nonelectric cookware and tableware2

................. 0.081 -2.0 3.5 -2.1 1.9 3.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure

category, March 2018 — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

Unadjusted percent

change Seasonally adjusted percent change

Mar.

2017-

Mar.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

Dec.

2017-

Jan.

2018

Jan.

2018-

Feb.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

Tools, hardware, outdoor equipment and supplies2

. . .. 0.673 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2

Tools, hardware and supplies1, 2....................... 0.199 1.4 0.1 0.8 1.2 0.1

Outdoor equipment and supplies2...................... 0.311 -0.8 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.4

Housekeeping supplies1

.................................... 0.830 -0.1 0.4 0.6 -0.1 0.4

Household cleaning products2

.......................... 0.326 -1.3 0.5 -1.1 -0.1 0.3

Household paper products1, 2........................... 0.221 -0.5 -0.7 0.5 0.0 -0.7

Miscellaneous household products1, 2................. 0.283 1.6 1.1 2.8 -0.4 1.1

Apparel.......................................................... 3.136 0.3 1.6 1.7 1.5 -0.6

Men’s and boys’ apparel................................... 0.778 0.4 -1.2 1.8 1.7 -1.0

Men’s apparel............................................. 0.612 -0.4 -1.2 1.2 1.3 -1.0

Men’s suits, sport coats, and outerwear............ 0.111 -2.4 -1.6 -0.4 -0.2 -2.5

Men’s furnishings...................................... 0.150 -1.8 1.4 -1.8 -0.8 1.2

Men’s shirts and sweaters2

........................... 0.182 0.2 -1.5 4.2 4.3 -2.7

Men’s pants and shorts............................... 0.162 1.7 -3.1 0.9 1.2 -2.1

Boys’ apparel............................................. 0.166 3.4 -1.2 4.5 3.6 -1.2

Women’s and girls’ apparel................................ 1.292 -1.0 2.6 2.8 1.5 -2.1

Women’s apparel......................................... 1.111 -1.2 2.6 3.4 1.8 -2.5

Women’s outerwear................................... 0.070 -9.6 3.5 -6.3 4.8 0.9

Women’s dresses...................................... 0.135 3.2 7.7 3.8 1.9 -1.7

Women’s suits and separates2

....................... 0.588 -2.3 2.8 4.8 2.4 -4.0

Women’s underwear, nightwear, sportswear and

accessories2

......................................... 0.305 -1.1 -0.3 2.6 1.1 -2.5

Girls’ apparel.............................................. 0.181 -1.1 3.1 -1.5 0.1 0.3

Footwear..................................................... 0.674 0.8 3.1 0.4 1.5 1.2

Men’s footwear1

.......................................... 0.217 0.6 2.1 2.2 1.8 2.1

Boys’ and girls’ footwear................................ 0.153 0.2 4.7 -2.7 -0.5 2.8

Women’s footwear........................................ 0.304 1.1 2.9 1.0 3.0 0.8

Infants’ and toddlers’ apparel.............................. 0.134 4.6 2.6 1.1 0.9 2.2

Jewelry and watches6

...................................... 0.257 2.6 0.5 -1.5 0.6 1.8

Watches1, 6................................................ 0.099 7.8 -0.7 2.4 1.2 -0.7

Jewelry6

.................................................... 0.159 0.0 1.2 -1.5 1.8 1.6

Transportation commodities less motor fuel9.............. 6.676 -0.5 0.6 0.2 -0.4 -0.1

New vehicles................................................. 3.775 -1.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5 0.0

New cars and trucks2, 3.................................. -1.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5 0.0

New cars3............................................... -1.8 -0.1 0.0 -0.6 0.0

New trucks3, 11......................................... -0.7 0.0 0.0 -0.6 0.0

Used cars and trucks....................................... 2.407 0.4 1.5 0.4 -0.3 -0.3

Motor vehicle parts and equipment1

...................... 0.380 -0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3

Tires1

....................................................... 0.228 -1.5 0.0 0.6 0.4 0.0

Vehicle accessories other than tires1, 2................ 0.152 1.3 0.8 0.2 -0.2 0.8

Vehicle parts and equipment other than tires1, 3... 2.2 1.2 0.4 -0.1 1.2

Motor oil, coolant, and fluids1, 3...................... 1.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.9 0.1

Medical care commodities.................................... 1.740 1.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.1

Medicinal drugs1, 9.......................................... 1.682 1.5 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.0

Prescription drugs8

....................................... 1.338 1.9 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2

Nonprescription drugs1, 9................................ 0.345 0.2 0.9 -0.8 0.3 0.9

Medical equipment and supplies1, 9...................... 0.058 -1.6 -2.0 0.5 0.6 -2.0

Recreation commodities9

..................................... 1.849 -2.9 0.2 -0.3 -0.3 0.3

Video and audio products9

................................. 0.247 -12.0 -0.5 -1.8 -2.1 -0.8

Televisions................................................ 0.117 -14.3 -1.3 -3.8 -3.3 -1.6

Other video equipment2

................................. 0.027 -3.7 0.5 0.3 -0.2 -0.8

Audio equipment1

........................................ 0.044 -17.6 -0.2 0.7 -3.1 -0.2

Recorded music and music subscriptions1, 2......... 0.051 -2.0 0.3 -0.6 0.2 0.3

Pets and pet products1

..................................... 0.600 -0.7 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure

category, March 2018 — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

Unadjusted percent

change Seasonally adjusted percent change

Mar.

2017-

Mar.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

Dec.

2017-

Jan.

2018

Jan.

2018-

Feb.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

Pet food1, 2, 3.............................................. -0.8 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.1

Purchase of pets, pet supplies, accessories1, 2, 3. . .. -0.7 0.3 0.2 -0.7 0.3

Sporting goods.............................................. 0.499 0.8 0.9 0.3 -0.2 1.3

Sports vehicles including bicycles1

..................... 0.282 2.9 1.6 0.3 1.0 1.6

Sports equipment......................................... 0.210 -1.9 0.1 0.2 -1.5 0.1

Photographic equipment and supplies................... 0.034 0.1 1.9 -1.8 1.8 2.1

Film and photographic supplies1, 2, 3...................

Photographic equipment2, 3............................. 1.4 2.4 -1.7 2.2 2.6

Recreational reading materials1

........................... 0.112 0.7 1.8 0.1 0.1 1.8

Newspapers and magazines1, 2........................ 0.067 2.5 3.6 -0.1 0.4 3.6

Recreational books1, 2................................... 0.045 -2.0 -0.9 0.2 -0.4 -0.9

Other recreational goods2

.................................. 0.356 -7.0 -0.7 -1.2 0.3 -0.5

Toys........................................................ 0.284 -8.5 -0.7 -1.8 0.6 -0.4

Toys, games, hobbies and playground

equipment2, 3......................................... -8.5 -1.0 -1.5 0.3 -0.4

Sewing machines, fabric and supplies1, 2............. 0.024 2.8 -1.4 5.2 -1.8 -1.4

Music instruments and accessories1, 2................ 0.036 0.1 -0.3 -0.9 -1.2 -0.3

Education and communication commodities9

.............. 0.562 -2.5 -0.3 0.8 -0.5 -0.4

Educational books and supplies.......................... 0.132 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 1.6 -0.1

College textbooks1, 3, 12.................................. -0.7 0.4 -0.8 1.2 0.4

Information technology commodities9

.................... 0.429 -3.2 -0.5 1.0 -1.2 -0.4

Personal computers and peripheral equipment4

. . . .. 0.321 -3.7 -0.1 0.4 -1.2 0.1

Computer software and accessories1, 2............... 0.025 -1.9 -1.4 2.9 -3.2 -1.4

Telephone hardware, calculators, and other

consumer information items1, 2....................... 0.083 -4.1 -2.1 2.5 -0.5 -2.1

Alcoholic beverages........................................... 0.970 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1

Alcoholic beverages at home.............................. 0.604 0.9 0.0 -0.5 0.4 0.0

Beer, ale, and other malt beverages at home........ 0.267 1.4 0.2 -0.4 0.2 0.2

Distilled spirits at home.................................. 0.081 -1.3 0.2 0.1 -0.6 0.2

Whiskey at home1, 3................................... -3.2 0.1 1.0 -1.2 0.1

Distilled spirits, excluding whiskey, at home1, 3. . .. 0.2 0.2 1.2 0.2 0.2

Wine at home............................................. 0.256 0.9 -0.3 -0.7 0.9 -0.5

Alcoholic beverages away from home1

.................. 0.366 2.1 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.1

Beer, ale, and other malt beverages away from

home1, 2, 3............................................... 1.3 -0.2 0.5 0.1 -0.2

Wine away from home1, 2, 3............................. 2.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2

Distilled spirits away from home1, 2, 3.................. 2.9 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5

Other goods9

................................................... 1.569 2.7 -0.2 0.5 -0.1 -0.2

Tobacco and smoking products........................... 0.646 5.9 -0.3 0.3 0.1 -0.2

Cigarettes2

................................................ 0.573 5.9 -0.4 0.2 0.2 -0.4

Tobacco products other than cigarettes1, 2........... 0.059 5.0 0.9 0.6 -0.5 0.9

Personal care products1

.................................... 0.700 0.3 -0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.1

Hair, dental, shaving, and miscellaneous personal

care products1, 2....................................... 0.385 -0.6 0.0 0.5 0.6 0.0

Cosmetics, perfume, bath, nail preparations and

implements1

............................................ 0.309 1.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.5 -0.1

Miscellaneous personal goods2

........................... 0.222 -0.1 -0.6 1.4 -1.1 -0.8

Stationery, stationery supplies, gift wrap3

............. -0.5 0.0 0.5 -0.7 0.1

Infants’ equipment1, 3, 5.................................. 4.1 -1.6 0.4 0.1 -1.6

Services less energy services.................................. 59.112 2.9 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3

Shelter........................................................... 32.697 3.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.4

Rent of shelter13............................................. 32.325 3.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.4

Rent of primary residence8

.............................. 7.779 3.6 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3

Lodging away from home2

.............................. 0.939 2.4 5.4 -2.0 0.0 2.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure

category, March 2018 — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

Unadjusted percent

change Seasonally adjusted percent change

Mar.

2017-

Mar.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

Dec.

2017-

Jan.

2018

Jan.

2018-

Feb.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

Housing at school, excluding board8, 13............ 0.113 2.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.3

Other lodging away from home including hotels

and motels........................................... 0.826 2.3 6.2 -2.5 -0.1 2.6

Owners’ equivalent rent of residences8, 13............ 23.606 3.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3

Owners’ equivalent rent of primary

residence8, 13........................................ 22.288 3.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3

Tenants’ and household insurance1, 2................. 0.373 0.8 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0

Water and sewer and trash collection services2

........ 1.073 2.9 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Water and sewerage maintenance8

.................... 0.814 3.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

Garbage and trash collection1, 11....................... 0.259 1.8 0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.1

Household operations1, 2................................... 0.869 5.6 0.2 1.5 1.5 0.2

Domestic services1, 2..................................... 0.298 3.3 0.5 0.6 0.0 0.5

Gardening and lawncare services1, 2.................. 0.286 5.9 0.2 0.2

Moving, storage, freight expense2

...................... 0.102 8.4 -0.8 1.0 1.1 0.0

Repair of household items1, 2........................... 0.108 8.2 0.0 0.0 5.0 0.0

Medical care services...................................... 6.939 2.1 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.5

Professional services.................................... 3.277 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.5

Physicians’ services8

.................................. 1.750 -0.8 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2

Dental services8

........................................ 0.789 3.7 1.2 -0.1 1.3 1.2

Eyeglasses and eye care1, 6......................... 0.320 1.4 -0.3 0.9 0.2 -0.3

Services by other medical professionals1, 8, 6...... 0.417 0.3 0.8 -0.4 -0.8 0.8

Hospital and related services........................... 2.602 4.9 0.3 1.2 -0.4 0.6

Hospital services8, 14.................................. 2.324 5.2 0.3 1.3 -0.5 0.6

Inpatient hospital services8, 14, 3................... 4.6 0.1 1.2 -0.6 0.4

Outpatient hospital services8, 3, 6.................. 5.1 0.5 1.4 -0.4 0.7

Nursing homes and adult day services8, 14......... 0.191 3.2 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.1

Care of invalids and elderly at home1, 5............ 0.087 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.1

Health insurance1, 5...................................... 1.060 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.0

Transportation services..................................... 5.987 4.3 0.2 0.8 1.0 0.2

Leased cars and trucks1, 12............................. 0.651 5.3 -0.6 1.3 1.3 -0.6

Car and truck rental2

..................................... 0.111 1.3 6.0 -2.6 0.0 3.0

Motor vehicle maintenance and repair1

............... 1.116 1.5 -0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1

Motor vehicle body work1

............................. 0.055 2.4 0.1 0.7 0.4 0.1

Motor vehicle maintenance and servicing1

......... 0.624 2.1 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.2

Motor vehicle repair1, 2................................ 0.373 0.1 -0.7 0.1 0.3 -0.7

Motor vehicle insurance................................. 2.396 8.9 0.1 1.3 1.7 0.3

Motor vehicle fees1, 2.................................... 0.541 1.9 0.3 1.2 0.5 0.3

State motor vehicle registration and license

fees1, 8, 2.............................................. 0.282 1.6 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.0

Parking and other fees1, 2............................ 0.243 2.4 0.7 1.5 1.0 0.7

Parking fees and tolls2, 3........................... 2.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3

Automobile service clubs1, 2, 3..................... 0.6 1.0 0.7 1.0

Public transportation..................................... 1.171 -2.1 0.7 -0.1 0.6 0.3

Airline fares............................................. 0.712 -5.7 0.8 -0.6 0.6 0.6

Other intercity transportation......................... 0.171 2.2 1.2 1.4 1.2 0.3

Intercity bus fare1, 3, 4............................... 2.9 0.2 0.4 -0.5 0.2

Intercity train fare1, 3, 4..............................

Ship fare1, 2, 3........................................ 3.0 1.6 0.8 0.3 1.6

Intracity transportation1

............................... 0.282 3.1 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.0

Intracity mass transit1, 3, 9.......................... 3.8 0.0 0.3 0.8 0.0

Recreation services9

........................................ 3.867 2.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.1

Video and audio services9

.............................. 1.602 2.7 0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.2

Cable and satellite television service11............. 1.513 2.7 0.4 -0.2 0.1 -0.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure

category, March 2018 — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

Unadjusted percent

change Seasonally adjusted percent change

Mar.

2017-

Mar.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

Dec.

2017-

Jan.

2018

Jan.

2018-

Feb.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

Video discs and other media, including rental of

video1, 2............................................... 0.089 2.1 -0.3 3.9 0.0 -0.3

Video discs and other media1, 2, 3................ -1.3 0.3 5.3 0.3 0.3

Rental of video discs and other media1, 2, 3. . . .. 2.7 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.0

Pet services including veterinary2

...................... 0.411 2.3 0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.2

Pet services1, 2, 3....................................... 1.1 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0

Veterinarian services2, 3............................... 2.5 0.3 0.6 -0.5 0.4

Photographers and film processing1, 2................. 0.038 -3.0 -0.8 -1.0 -0.2 -0.8

Photographer fees1, 2, 3............................... 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.1

Film processing1, 2, 3.................................. -8.7 -0.8 -4.1 -0.4 -0.8

Other recreation services2

............................... 1.814 1.9 -0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1

Club membership for shopping clubs, fraternal, or

other organizations, or participant sports

fees1, 2................................................ 0.668 3.2 0.6 0.2 -0.3 0.6

Admissions............................................. 0.655 0.2 -0.9 -0.4 1.1 -1.0

Admission to movies, theaters, and

concerts1, 2, 3...................................... 2.9 -0.1 -0.3 1.0 -0.1

Admission to sporting events1, 2, 3................ -3.0 -3.4 2.1 2.8 -3.4

Fees for lessons or instructions1, 6.................. 0.218 3.3 0.3 0.5 -0.5 0.3

Education and communication services9

................. 6.063 0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.2

Tuition, other school fees, and childcare.............. 2.869 1.9 -0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.1

College tuition and fees............................... 1.590 1.7 -0.5 0.1 0.0 -0.2

Elementary and high school tuition and fees. . . . .. 0.327 3.8 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.3

Child care and nursery school10..................... 0.802 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0

Technical and business school tuition and fees2

... 0.032 1.7 0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.1

Postage and delivery services2

......................... 0.109 2.4 0.0 0.6 -0.6 0.2

Postage................................................. 0.095 2.0 0.0 0.4 -0.8 0.2

Delivery services2

...................................... 0.014 6.1 0.0 1.5 0.2 0.3

Telephone services1, 2................................... 2.298 -1.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 0.0

Wireless telephone services1, 2...................... 1.719 -2.4 0.2 -0.2 -0.5 0.2

Land-line telephone services1, 9..................... 0.579 0.5 -0.8 0.1 0.2 -0.8

Internet services and electronic information

providers2

............................................... 0.778 -2.8 -0.4 -0.3 -1.0 -1.0

Other personal services1, 9................................. 1.616 2.5 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.6

Personal care services1

................................. 0.621 1.9 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.3

Haircuts and other personal care services1, 2...... 0.621 1.9 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.3

Miscellaneous personal services....................... 0.995 2.8 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.7

Legal services1, 6...................................... 0.306 4.3 0.6 1.1 2.6 0.6

Funeral expenses1, 6.................................. 0.127 1.7 0.1 -0.1 0.4 0.1

Laundry and dry cleaning services1, 2............... 0.237 2.8 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.5

Apparel services other than laundry and dry

cleaning1, 2........................................... 0.028 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.3

Financial services6

..................................... 0.227 1.4 2.1 -0.2 -2.2 1.5

Checking account and other bank

services1, 2, 3...................................... 9.4 4.7 0.0 1.1 4.7

Tax return preparation and other accounting

fees2, 3.............................................. -1.7 0.8 0.8 -4.6 -0.4

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base.

3 Special index based on a substantially smaller sample.

4 Indexes on a December 2007=100 base.

5 Indexes on a December 2005=100 base.

6 Indexes on a December 1986=100 base.

7 Indexes on a December 1993=100 base.

8 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means

estimator.
9 Indexes on a December 2009=100 base.

10 Indexes on a December 1990=100 base. 11 Indexes on a December 1983=100 base. 12 Indexes on a December 2001=100 base. 13 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. 14 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base.

NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
Table 3. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, special aggregate indexes,

March 2018

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Special aggregate indexes

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

Unadjusted indexes Unadjusted percent

change

Seasonally adjusted percent

change

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018

Mar.

2017-

Mar.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

Dec.

2017-

Jan.

2018

Jan.

2018-

Feb.

2018

Feb.

2018-

Mar.

2018

All items less food................................... 86.694 242.962 248.469 249.102 2.5 0.3 0.6 0.2 -0.1

All items less shelter................................ 67.303 226.469 230.358 230.692 1.9 0.1 0.7 0.1 -0.3

All items less food and shelter..................... 53.997 220.508 224.545 224.927 2.0 0.2 0.8 0.2 -0.4

All items less food, shelter, and energy.......... 46.309 226.956 229.090 229.717 1.2 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.0

All items less food, shelter, energy, and used

cars and trucks.................................... 43.902 232.304 234.707 235.187 1.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1

All items less medical care......................... 91.321 232.732 237.767 238.305 2.4 0.2 0.6 0.2 -0.1

All items less energy................................ 92.313 250.277 254.555 255.275 2.0 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

Commodities......................................... 37.455 181.136 183.385 183.780 1.5 0.2 1.0 -0.1 -0.6

Commodities less food, energy, and used

cars and trucks................................. 17.488 146.911 145.851 146.274 -0.4 0.3 0.4 0.1 -0.1

Commodities less food........................... 24.149 150.691 152.487 152.962 1.5 0.3 1.4 -0.1 -1.0

Commodities less food and beverages........ 23.179 147.435 149.182 149.663 1.5 0.3 1.4 -0.1 -1.0

Services.............................................. 62.545 305.590 313.608 314.337 2.9 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

Services less rent of shelter1

.................... 30.220 327.067 334.488 334.676 2.3 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2

Services less medical care services........... 55.606 290.423 298.306 298.978 2.9 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3

Durables.............................................. 10.087 106.343 104.626 105.046 -1.2 0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.0

Nondurables.......................................... 27.368 218.705 223.624 223.953 2.4 0.1 1.1 0.2 -0.7

Nondurables less food........................... 14.062 192.856 199.039 199.529 3.5 0.2 2.1 0.2 -1.5

Nondurables less food and beverages. ....... 13.092 189.614 195.966 196.477 3.6 0.3 2.3 0.2 -1.6

Nondurables less food, beverages, and

apparel.......................................... 9.957 232.124 243.516 243.131 4.7 -0.2 2.2 -0.1 -1.7

Nondurables less food and apparel............ 10.927 232.147 242.772 242.432 4.4 -0.1 2.0 0.0 -1.5

Housing............................................... 41.663 248.978 255.713 256.388 3.0 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3

Education and communication2

.................... 6.624 136.234 136.327 136.029 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.2

Education2

......................................... 3.001 251.113 256.291 255.609 1.8 -0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.1

Communication2

.................................. 3.623 75.275 74.015 73.883 -1.8 -0.2 0.0 -0.6 -0.3

Information and information processing2

.... 3.514 71.409 70.117 69.988 -2.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.6 -0.3

Information technology, hardware and

services3

...................................... 1.216 7.666 7.474 7.438 -3.0 -0.5 0.2 -1.1 -0.8

Recreation2

........................................... 5.716 118.573 119.093 119.281 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0

Video and audio2

................................. 1.849 104.011 104.650 104.921 0.9 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3

Pets, pet products and services2

............... 1.011 170.197 170.706 171.011 0.5 0.2 0.5 -0.2 0.2

Photography2

...................................... 0.074 75.883 74.383 74.728 -1.5 0.5 -1.3 0.7 0.5

Food and beverages................................ 14.276 248.967 252.076 252.182 1.3 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1

Domestically produced farm food............... 6.128 246.104 247.369 247.165 0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.1

Other services....................................... 11.546 346.601 350.392 350.476 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.1

Apparel less footwear............................... 2.462 121.342 120.049 121.481 0.1 1.2 2.0 1.5 -1.1

Fuels and utilities.................................... 4.701 232.714 240.938 239.786 3.0 -0.5 -0.2 1.0 -0.2

Household energy................................ 3.628 193.703 200.993 199.657 3.1 -0.7 -0.4 1.2 -0.3

Medical care......................................... 8.679 474.561 482.897 483.984 2.0 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.4

Transportation....................................... 16.723 200.091 207.359 207.845 3.9 0.2 1.8 0.0 -1.2

Private transportation............................ 15.551 194.890 202.935 203.343 4.3 0.2 2.0 0.0 -1.3

New and used motor vehicles2

............... 7.059 99.582 99.010 99.552 0.0 0.5 0.2 -0.2 -0.1

Utilities and public transportation.................. 9.489 214.482 217.061 216.906 1.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.8 0.0

Household furnishings and operations........... 4.264 121.548 121.376 121.484 -0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.1

Other goods and services.......................... 3.184 428.336 438.306 439.269 2.6 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2

Personal care..................................... 2.538 226.301 229.218 230.011 1.6 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.3

1 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base.

2 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base.

3 Indexes on a December 1988=100 base.

NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
Table 4. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): Selected areas, all items index, March 2018

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Area Pricing

Schedule1

Percent change to Mar. 2018 from: Percent change to Feb. 2018 from:

Mar.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018

Feb.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

U.S. city average............................................... M 2.4 0.7 0.2 2.2 1.0 0.5

Region and area size2

Northeast...................................................... M 2.0 0.5 0.1 1.7 0.9 0.4

Northeast - Size Class A................................. M 1.9 0.6 0.1 1.7 0.9 0.5

Northeast - Size Class B/C3

............................. M 2.1 0.5 0.1 1.8 1.0 0.3

New England4

............................................. M 0.7 0.3 1.1 0.4

Middle Atlantic4

............................................ M 0.5 0.0 0.9 0.4

Midwest....................................................... M 1.8 0.4 0.2 1.7 0.9 0.2

Midwest - Size Class A................................... M 1.8 0.3 0.2 1.7 0.7 0.1

Midwest - Size Class B/C3............................... M 1.4 0.5 0.2 1.2 1.0 0.3

East North Central4

....................................... M 0.2 0.1 0.8 0.1

West North Central4

....................................... M 0.8 0.3 1.0 0.5

South.......................................................... M 2.3 0.8 0.2 2.1 1.1 0.6

South - Size Class A...................................... M 2.6 0.8 0.0 2.7 1.2 0.8

South - Size Class B/C3

.................................. M 2.1 0.7 0.3 1.9 1.1 0.4

South Atlantic4

............................................. M 0.9 0.3 1.3 0.6

East South Central4

....................................... M 0.8 0.3 1.0 0.4

West South Central4...................................... M 0.5 -0.1 0.8 0.5

West........................................................... M 3.2 0.9 0.4 3.1 1.0 0.5

West - Size Class A...................................... M 3.5 1.0 0.4 3.4 1.2 0.6

West - Size Class B/C3

................................... M 2.6 0.8 0.3 2.5 0.9 0.4

Mountain4

................................................... M 0.7 0.3 0.9 0.5

Pacific4

...................................................... M 1.0 0.4 1.1 0.5

Size classes

Size Class A5

................................................. M 2.5 0.7 0.2 2.4 1.0 0.5

Size Class B/C3

.............................................. M 2.1 0.6 0.3 1.8 1.0 0.4

Selected local areas

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI........................ M 1.8 0.1 0.0 1.6 0.9 0.0

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA.................. M 3.8 1.1 0.4 3.6 1.5 0.7

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA............... M 1.7 0.5 0.0 1.7 1.0 0.5

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA....................... 2 3.3 1.2

Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD6

......................... 2 1.0

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI............................... 2 2.1 0.3

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX................ 2 2.6 1.4

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL........... 2 3.2 2.6

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD....... 2 0.5 0.4

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ7

............................. 2 1.8

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA..................... 2 3.6 1.4

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA............................. 2 3.3 0.8

St. Louis, MO-IL.............................................. 2 0.8

Urban Alaska................................................. 2 0.6

Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH....................... 1 3.6 0.9

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX............................ 1 2.9 0.5

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO............................. 1 0.3

Minneapolis-St.Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI................ 1 0.5

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA4

................... 1 1.0

San Diego-Carlsbad, CA.................................... 1 0.9

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL8

................... 1 0.6

Urban Hawaii................................................. 1 0.5

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV6

. . . .. 1 1.8 -0.1

1 Foods, fuels, and several other items are priced every month in all areas. Most other goods and services are priced as indicated: M - Every month.

1 - January, March, May, July, September, and November. 2 - February, April, June, August, October, and December.

2 Regions defined as the four Census regions.
3 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base.

4 Indexes on a December 2017=100 base.

5 Indexes on a December 1986=100 base.

6 1998 - 2017 indexes based on substantially smaller sample.

7 Indexes on a December 2001=100 base.

8 Indexes on a 1987=100 base.

NOTE: Local area indexes are byproducts of the national CPI program. Each local index has a smaller sample size than the national index and is,

therefore, subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error. As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national

index, although their long-term trends are similar. Therefore, the Bureau of Labor Statistics strongly urges users to consider adopting the national

average CPI for use in their escalator clauses.

NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
Table 5. Chained Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U) and the Consumer Price Index for

All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, all items index, March 2018

[Percent changes]

Month Year Unadjusted 1-month percent change Unadjusted 12-month percent change

C-CPI-U1 CPI-U C-CPI-U1 CPI-U

December 2000............................. 2.6 3.4

December 2001............................. 1.3 1.6

December 2002............................. 2.0 2.4

December 2003............................. 1.7 1.9

December 2004............................. 3.2 3.3

December 2005............................. 2.9 3.4

December 2006............................. 2.3 2.5

December 2007............................. 3.7 4.1

December 2008............................. 0.2 0.1

December 2009............................. 2.5 2.7

December 2010............................. 1.3 1.5

December 2011............................. 2.9 3.0

December 2012............................. 1.5 1.7

December 2013............................. 1.3 1.5

December 2014............................. 0.5 0.8

December 2015............................. 0.4 0.7

January 2016............................... 0.1 0.2 1.1 1.4

February 2016.............................. 0.0 0.1 0.7 1.0

March 2016.................................. 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.9

April 2016.................................... 0.5 0.5 0.8 1.1

May 2016.................................... 0.4 0.4 0.7 1.0

June 2016................................... 0.3 0.3 0.7 1.0

July 2016.................................... -0.2 -0.2 0.5 0.8

August 2016................................. 0.0 0.1 0.7 1.1

September 2016............................ 0.2 0.2 1.1 1.5

October 2016............................... 0.2 0.1 1.3 1.6

November 2016............................. -0.2 -0.2 1.4 1.7

December 2016............................. 0.0 0.0 1.8 2.1

January 2017............................... 0.6 0.6 2.3 2.5

February 2017.............................. 0.3 0.3 2.6 2.7

March 2017.................................. 0.0 0.1 2.1 2.4

April 2017.................................... 0.3 0.3 1.9 2.2

May 2017.................................... 0.1 0.1 1.5 1.9

June 2017................................... 0.1 0.1 1.3 1.6

July 2017.................................... -0.1 -0.1 1.4 1.7

August 2017................................. 0.3 0.3 1.7 1.9

September 2017............................ 0.6 0.5 2.1 2.2

October 2017............................... -0.1 -0.1 1.8 2.0

November 2017............................. 0.0 0.0 2.0 2.2

December 2017............................. -0.1 -0.1 1.9 2.1

January 2018............................... 0.5 0.5 1.9 2.1

February 2018.............................. 0.4 0.5 2.0 2.2

March 2018.................................. 0.2 0.2 2.2 2.4

1 The C-CPI-U is designed to be a closer approximation to a cost-of-living index in that it, in its final form, accounts for any substitution that

consumers make across item categories in response to changes in relative prices. Since the expenditure data required for the calculation of the

C-CPI-U are available only with a time lag, the C-CPI-U is being issued first in preliminary form using the latest available expenditure data at that

time and is subject to two revisions.

Indexes are issued as initial estimates. Indexes are revised each quarter with the publication of January, April, July, and October data as updated

expenditure estimates become available. The C-CPI-U indexes are updated quarterly until they become final. January-March indexes are final in

January of the following year; April-June indexes are final in April of the following year; July-September indexes are final in July of the following year;

October-December indexes are final in October of the following year.

NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2018, 1-month analysis table

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

One Month

Seasonally

adjusted

percent

change

Feb. 2018-

Mar. 2018

Seasonally

adjusted

effect on All

Items

Feb. 2018-

Mar. 20181

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

seasonally adjusted

change since:3

Date Percent

change

All items................................................................. 100.000 -0.1 0.03 S-May 2017 -0.1

Food.................................................................. 13.306 0.1 0.017 0.06 L-Jan.2018 0.2

Food at home..................................................... 7.327 0.1 0.011 0.10 L-Jan.2018 0.1

Cereals and bakery products................................. 0.959 0.4 0.004 0.25 L-Oct.2015 0.7

Cereals and cereal products............................... 0.311 0.0 0.000 0.42 S-Jan.2018 -0.1

Flour and prepared flour mixes......................... 0.042 -0.8 0.000 0.66 S-Apr.2017 -1.1

Breakfast cereal4

......................................... 0.150 0.4 0.001 0.68 L-Feb.2017 0.5

Rice, pasta, cornmeal4

................................... 0.120 -0.3 0.000 0.76 S-Dec.2017 -0.4

Rice4, 5, 6................................................ -0.6 1.21 S-Dec.2017 -1.6

Bakery products4

......................................... 0.648 0.6 0.004 0.28 L-Jan.2018 1.1

Bread4, 5................................................. 0.189 2.0 0.004 0.48 L-Nov.2013 2.0

White bread4, 6...................................... 2.4 0.59 L-Oct.2011 2.5

Bread other than white4, 6.......................... 1.4 0.81 L-Apr.2017 1.6

Fresh biscuits, rolls, muffins5

......................... 0.092 0.6 0.001 0.71 L-Dec.2017 1.0

Cakes, cupcakes, and cookies....................... 0.164 -0.6 -0.001 0.58 S-Nov.2015 -0.6

Cookies6

.............................................. -0.8 0.93 S-Feb.2017 -1.4

Fresh cakes and cupcakes4, 6..................... 0.7 0.69 L-Jan.2018 0.7

Other bakery products................................ 0.203 0.0 0.000 0.53 L-Jan.2018 0.5

Fresh sweetrolls, coffeecakes, doughnuts4, 6.... 0.5 0.74 S-Dec.2017 -0.4

Crackers, bread, and cracker products6

. . . . . . . .. 0.5 0.95 L-Jan.2018 0.5

Frozen and refrigerated bakery products, pies,

tarts, turnovers6

................................... -1.2 0.71 S-Feb.2017 -1.3

Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs................................ 1.610 0.8 0.013 0.20 L-Dec.2017 0.8

Meats, poultry, and fish.................................... 1.511 0.6 0.009 0.21 L-Dec.2017 0.7

Meats...................................................... 0.948 0.6 0.005 0.25 L-Dec.2017 0.6

Beef and veal.......................................... 0.426 0.6 0.002 0.34 L-Dec.2017 1.1

Uncooked ground beef4

............................ 0.173 1.0 0.002 0.53 L-Jul.2017 1.8

Uncooked beef roasts4, 5........................... 0.060 1.7 0.001 1.03 L-Jun.2017 3.5

Uncooked beef steaks5

............................. 0.156 0.4 0.001 0.63 L-Dec.2017 1.9

Uncooked other beef and veal4, 5................. 0.037 0.7 0.000 0.86 L-Nov.2017 1.5

Pork...................................................... 0.298 0.3 0.001 0.55 L-Jan.2018 0.7

Bacon, breakfast sausage, and related

products5

.......................................... 0.136 0.7 0.001 0.68 L-Sep.2017 0.9

Bacon and related products6

.................... -1.0 1.01 S-Nov.2017 -2.6

Breakfast sausage and related products5, 6... 2.5 1.08 L-May 2014 2.8

Ham................................................... 0.052 1.1 0.001 1.44 L-Oct.2017 2.5

Ham, excluding canned6

........................ 1.3 1.40 L-Oct.2017 2.8

Pork chops4.......................................... 0.043 -0.9 0.000 1.37 S-Dec.2017 -2.1

Other pork including roasts and picnics5

......... 0.068 0.6 0.000 1.19 L-Jan.2018 1.3

Other meats............................................ 0.223 1.0 0.002 0.54 L-Jul.2017 2.1

Frankfurters6

......................................... -0.4 1.43 S-Dec.2017 -1.0

Lunchmeats5, 6...................................... 1.2 0.54 L-Jul.2017 1.6

Lamb and organ meats4, 6.........................

Lamb and mutton4, 5, 6..............................

Poultry4

.................................................. 0.318 0.5 0.001 0.52 L-Dec.2017 1.6

Chicken4, 5........................................... 0.261 0.8 0.002 0.62 L-Dec.2017 1.4

Fresh whole chicken4, 6.......................... 0.9 1.14 L-Dec.2017 1.7

Fresh and frozen chicken parts4, 6............. 0.8 0.71 S-Jan.2018 -2.0

Other poultry including turkey5

.................... 0.058 -1.5 -0.001 0.89 L-Dec.2017 2.0

Fish and seafood...................................... 0.245 1.0 0.002 0.51 L-Oct.2017 1.3

Fresh fish and seafood5

............................ 0.127 0.6 0.001 0.75 S-Jan.2018 -0.2

Processed fish and seafood5

...................... 0.118 2.0 0.002 0.64 L-May 2017 2.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2018, 1-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

One Month

Seasonally

adjusted

percent

change

Feb. 2018-

Mar. 2018

Seasonally

adjusted

effect on All

Items

Feb. 2018-

Mar. 20181

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

seasonally adjusted

change since:3

Date Percent

change

Shelf stable fish and seafood4, 6............... 3.9 1.05 L-EVER –

Frozen fish and seafood6

........................ 0.1 1.10 L-Oct.2017 2.2

Eggs........................................................ 0.099 3.8 0.004 0.90 L-Jan.2018 5.2

Dairy and related products................................... 0.735 0.3 0.002 0.28 L-Feb.2017 0.7

Milk4, 5........................................................ 0.202 -1.3 -0.003 0.38 S-Apr.2017 -1.3

Fresh whole milk6

........................................ -0.9 0.56 S-Jan.2018 -0.9

Fresh milk other than whole5, 6......................... -0.6 0.51 S-Dec.2017 -0.6

Cheese and related products.............................. 0.240 0.8 0.002 0.51 L-Feb.2017 0.9

Ice cream and related products........................... 0.106 2.0 0.002 0.75 L-Jan.2013 2.4

Other dairy and related products4, 5...................... 0.188 0.4 0.001 0.56 L-Jan.2018 0.8

Fruits and vegetables......................................... 1.298 -0.7 -0.008 0.30 S-Jan.2017 -1.4

Fresh fruits and vegetables................................ 1.025 -0.7 -0.008 0.36 – –

Fresh fruits................................................ 0.554 -1.2 -0.007 0.45 S-Mar.2016 -2.2

Apples................................................... 0.078 -1.2 -0.001 1.15 S-Dec.2017 -1.9

Bananas4

............................................... 0.081 0.9 0.001 0.64 S-Jan.2018 0.4

Citrus fruits5

............................................ 0.150 0.0 0.000 0.75 S-Dec.2017 -0.5

Oranges, including tangerines6

.................... -2.7 1.25 S-Jun.2014 -6.0

Other fresh fruits5

...................................... 0.245 -1.9 -0.004 0.73 L-Jan.2018 2.1

Fresh vegetables......................................... 0.471 -0.1 -0.001 0.56 L-Dec.2017 0.5

Potatoes................................................. 0.076 -1.1 -0.001 1.22 S-Jan.2018 -2.0

Lettuce.................................................. 0.057 2.9 0.002 1.62 L-Apr.2017 16.2

Tomatoes4

.............................................. 0.082 -3.1 -0.003 1.10 L-Jan.2018 5.3

Other fresh vegetables................................ 0.256 -0.4 -0.001 0.69 S-Jan.2018 -0.8

Processed fruits and vegetables5

...................... 0.273 -0.3 -0.001 0.44 S-Dec.2017 -0.4

Canned fruits and vegetables5....................... 0.148 -0.3 -0.001 0.65 L-Jan.2018 2.1

Canned fruits5, 6..................................... -2.6 0.78 S-Dec.2012 -2.6

Canned vegetables5, 6.............................. 0.7 0.77 L-Jan.2018 3.1

Frozen fruits and vegetables5

........................ 0.080 -0.3 0.000 0.83 S-Jan.2018 -1.8

Frozen vegetables6

................................. 0.1 1.00 S-Jan.2018 -1.3

Other processed fruits and vegetables including

dried5

................................................. 0.045 -1.0 0.000 0.76 S-Jan.2018 -1.1

Dried beans, peas, and lentils4, 5, 6............... -2.1 0.80 S-Jan.2018 -2.4

Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials. ........ 0.873 0.4 0.004 0.36 L-May 2017 0.9

Juices and nonalcoholic drinks5

........................... 0.617 0.3 0.002 0.41 L-Jan.2018 0.8

Carbonated drinks........................................ 0.258 0.3 0.001 0.77 S-Dec.2017 -0.7

Frozen noncarbonated juices and drinks4, 5.......... 0.009 0.4 0.000 0.73 S-Jan.2018 -0.5

Nonfrozen noncarbonated juices and drinks5

......... 0.351 0.4 0.001 0.51 L-Jan.2018 1.0

Beverage materials including coffee and tea5

........... 0.256 0.9 0.002 0.61 L-Dec.2017 1.1

Coffee...................................................... 0.164 1.0 0.002 0.77 L-Dec.2017 1.6

Roasted coffee6

........................................ 0.3 1.08 L-Dec.2017 2.1

Instant coffee4, 6........................................ 2.0 0.71 L-Apr.2017 2.5

Other beverage materials including tea4, 5............ 0.092 -0.6 -0.001 0.99 S-Nov.2017 -0.8

Other food at home............................................ 1.852 -0.2 -0.003 0.20 S-Jun.2017 -0.2

Sugar and sweets4

.......................................... 0.282 0.1 0.000 0.49 L-Jan.2018 1.3

Sugar and artificial sweeteners......................... 0.043 1.0 0.000 0.67 L-May 2017 1.7

Candy and chewing gum4, 5............................. 0.184 0.3 0.001 0.69 L-Jan.2018 0.4

Other sweets5

............................................. 0.055 -0.1 0.000 0.84 S-Dec.2017 -1.6

Fats and oils................................................. 0.218 -0.7 -0.002 0.44 S-Aug.2017 -0.8

Butter and margarine5

................................... 0.061 -0.1 0.000 0.88 L-Jan.2018 0.0

Butter6

................................................... -1.5 1.01 S-May 2016 -3.1

Margarine6

.............................................. 1.4 0.98 L-Apr.2017 1.6

Salad dressing5

........................................... 0.053 -0.3 0.000 1.03 S-Dec.2017 -0.3

Other fats and oils including peanut butter5

.......... 0.104 -1.2 -0.001 0.56 S-Aug.2017 -1.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2018, 1-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

One Month

Seasonally

adjusted

percent

change

Feb. 2018-

Mar. 2018

Seasonally

adjusted

effect on All

Items

Feb. 2018-

Mar. 20181

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

seasonally adjusted

change since:3

Date Percent

change

Peanut butter4, 5, 6..................................... -0.9 0.63 S-Dec.2017 -4.0

Other foods................................................ 1.352 -0.1 -0.002 0.25 – –

Soups.................................................... 0.083 -3.0 -0.003 1.07 S-Oct.2007 -3.3

Frozen and freeze dried prepared foods4

.......... 0.235 0.3 0.001 0.54 L-Nov.2017 0.5

Snacks4

................................................. 0.312 0.2 0.001 0.72 S-Jan.2018 -0.2

Spices, seasonings, condiments, sauces........... 0.272 0.4 0.001 0.54 L-Nov.2017 0.6

Salt and other seasonings and spices5, 6........ 0.2 0.96 L-Jan.2018 2.1

Olives, pickles, relishes4, 5, 6....................... -2.0 1.31 S-Apr.2017 -3.1

Sauces and gravies5, 6............................. 0.4 0.81 L-Jan.2018 0.4

Other condiments6

.................................. 1.8 0.65 L-Apr.2016 2.6

Baby food4, 5........................................... 0.049 -0.1 0.000 0.52 S-Nov.2017 -0.4

Other miscellaneous foods4, 5........................ 0.401 -0.1 0.000 0.41 S-Jan.2018 -1.6

Prepared salads4, 7, 6............................... -0.2 0.76 S-Jan.2018 -1.3

Food away from home4

.......................................... 5.978 0.1 0.007 0.04 S-Oct.2017 0.1

Full service meals and snacks4, 5........................... 2.971 0.1 0.004 0.04 S-Nov.2017 0.1

Limited service meals and snacks4, 5....................... 2.544 0.1 0.003 0.07 S-Dec.2017 0.1

Food at employee sites and schools5

....................... 0.180 0.1 0.000 0.38 S-Jan.2018 0.0

Food at elementary and secondary schools4, 8, 6....... 0.0 0.49 – –

Food from vending machines and mobile vendors4, 5. . .. 0.090 0.1 0.000 0.11 – –

Other food away from home4, 5.............................. 0.194 -0.2 0.000 0.09 S-Sep.2016 -0.2

Energy................................................................ 7.687 -2.8 -0.218 0.08 S-Feb.2016 -5.6

Energy commodities............................................. 4.254 -4.7 -0.210 0.13 S-May 2017 -5.0

Fuel oil and other fuels........................................ 0.195 -0.8 -0.002 0.33 L-Jan.2018 7.0

Fuel oil........................................................ 0.117 -0.7 -0.001 0.43 L-Jan.2018 9.5

Propane, kerosene, and firewood9

........................ 0.078 0.5 0.000 0.48 L-Jan.2018 2.2

Motor fuel....................................................... 4.059 -4.9 -0.209 0.13 S-May 2017 -5.2

Gasoline (all types)......................................... 3.971 -4.9 -0.205 0.13 S-May 2017 -5.3

Gasoline, unleaded regular6

............................ -4.8 0.51 S-May 2017 -5.5

Gasoline, unleaded midgrade10, 6...................... -3.7 0.51 S-May 2017 -3.9

Gasoline, unleaded premium6.......................... -4.5 0.44 S-Feb.2016 -9.5

Other motor fuels5

.......................................... 0.088 -1.9 -0.002 0.15 S-May 2017 -2.8

Energy services11................................................ 3.433 -0.2 -0.008 0.08 S-Jan.2018 -0.8

Electricity11..................................................... 2.634 0.0 0.001 0.10 S-Jan.2018 -0.2

Utility (piped) gas service11................................... 0.799 -1.2 -0.009 0.08 S-Jan.2018 -2.6

All items less food and energy.................................... 79.007 0.2 0.138 0.03 – –

Commodities less food and energy commodities............ 19.895 -0.1 -0.025 0.08 S-Nov.2017 -0.1

Household furnishings and supplies12...................... 3.395 -0.1 -0.002 0.16 S-Nov.2017 -0.2

Window and floor coverings and other linens4, 5........ 0.271 -1.3 -0.004 0.75 S-Nov.2017 -2.7

Floor coverings4, 5........................................ 0.056 0.7 0.000 0.56 S-Dec.2017 -1.9

Window coverings4, 5..................................... 0.049 -3.2 -0.002 0.88 S-Dec.2014 -3.3

Other linens4, 5............................................ 0.165 -1.4 -0.002 1.15 S-Nov.2017 -4.5

Furniture and bedding...................................... 0.888 -1.0 -0.009 0.34 S-Apr.2010 -1.6

Bedroom furniture4

....................................... 0.324 -0.3 -0.001 0.52 S-Dec.2017 -1.2

Living room, kitchen, and dining room furniture4, 5. .. 0.425 -0.6 -0.003 0.45 S-Nov.2017 -0.6

Other furniture5

........................................... 0.127 -0.5 -0.001 0.71 L-Jan.2018 1.2

Infants’ furniture4, 8, 6.................................. -4.2 0.74 S-EVER –

Appliances5

.................................................. 0.208 1.2 0.002 0.55 L-Feb.2005 1.3

Major appliances5

........................................ 0.074 0.3 0.000 0.70 L-Jan.2018 0.5

Laundry equipment6

................................... -0.6 1.18 L-Jan.2018 3.4

Other appliances5

........................................ 0.131 1.7 0.002 0.63 L-Mar.2014 2.0

Other household equipment and furnishings5

........... 0.525 0.3 0.002 0.48 S-Jan.2018 -2.2

Clocks, lamps, and decorator items4

.................. 0.291 -0.4 -0.001 0.76 S-Jan.2018 -0.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2018, 1-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

One Month

Seasonally

adjusted

percent

change

Feb. 2018-

Mar. 2018

Seasonally

adjusted

effect on All

Items

Feb. 2018-

Mar. 20181

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

seasonally adjusted

change since:3

Date Percent

change

Indoor plants and flowers13............................. 0.095 1.9 0.002 0.68 L-Jun.2005 2.0

Dishes and flatware4, 5................................... 0.059 -2.7 -0.002 1.49 S-Sep.2017 -3.2

Nonelectric cookware and tableware5

................. 0.081 3.0 0.002 0.75 L-EVER –

Tools, hardware, outdoor equipment and supplies5

. . .. 0.673 0.2 0.001 0.24 S-Dec.2017 -0.5

Tools, hardware and supplies4, 5....................... 0.199 0.1 0.000 0.35 S-Dec.2017 -0.7

Outdoor equipment and supplies5

...................... 0.311 0.4 0.001 0.30 L-Nov.2017 0.4

Housekeeping supplies4

.................................... 0.830 0.4 0.003 0.24 L-Jan.2018 0.6

Household cleaning products5

.......................... 0.326 0.3 0.001 0.39 L-Dec.2017 0.3

Household paper products4, 5........................... 0.221 -0.7 -0.002 0.38 S-Nov.2017 -1.2

Miscellaneous household products4, 5................. 0.283 1.1 0.003 0.41 L-Jan.2018 2.8

Apparel.......................................................... 3.136 -0.6 -0.020 0.39 S-Nov.2017 -0.9

Men’s and boys’ apparel................................... 0.778 -1.0 -0.008 0.72 S-Apr.2017 -1.6

Men’s apparel............................................. 0.612 -1.0 -0.006 0.78 S-Apr.2017 -2.0

Men’s suits, sport coats, and outerwear............ 0.111 -2.5 -0.003 1.68 S-Mar.2017 -3.0

Men’s furnishings...................................... 0.150 1.2 0.002 1.45 L-Oct.2017 2.8

Men’s shirts and sweaters5

........................... 0.182 -2.7 -0.005 1.22 S-Apr.2017 -3.4

Men’s pants and shorts............................... 0.162 -2.1 -0.003 1.28 S-Mar.2017 -5.4

Boys’ apparel............................................. 0.166 -1.2 -0.002 1.44 S-Nov.2017 -1.6

Women’s and girls’ apparel................................ 1.292 -2.1 -0.028 0.60 S-Dec.2004 -2.3

Women’s apparel......................................... 1.111 -2.5 -0.029 0.65 S-Dec.2004 -2.8

Women’s outerwear................................... 0.070 0.9 0.001 2.13 S-Jan.2018 -6.3

Women’s dresses...................................... 0.135 -1.7 -0.002 1.42 S-Aug.2017 -3.8

Women’s suits and separates5

....................... 0.588 -4.0 -0.024 0.87 S-Dec.2004 -4.2

Women’s underwear, nightwear, sportswear and

accessories5

......................................... 0.305 -2.5 -0.008 1.10 S-Jun.2017 -2.7

Girls’ apparel.............................................. 0.181 0.3 0.000 1.49 L-Dec.2017 1.8

Footwear..................................................... 0.674 1.2 0.008 0.57 S-Jan.2018 0.4

Men’s footwear4

.......................................... 0.217 2.1 0.004 0.96 L-Jan.2018 2.2

Boys’ and girls’ footwear................................ 0.153 2.8 0.004 1.01 L-Jul.2014 3.1

Women’s footwear........................................ 0.304 0.8 0.002 0.80 S-Dec.2017 0.0

Infants’ and toddlers’ apparel.............................. 0.134 2.2 0.003 1.24 L-Sep.2017 5.9

Jewelry and watches9

...................................... 0.257 1.8 0.005 1.00 L-Apr.2017 2.7

Watches4, 9................................................ 0.099 -0.7 -0.001 1.52 S-Dec.2017 -4.8

Jewelry9

.................................................... 0.159 1.6 0.003 1.22 S-Jan.2018 -1.5

Transportation commodities less motor fuel12............. 6.676 -0.1 -0.005 0.09 L-Jan.2018 0.2

New vehicles................................................. 3.775 0.0 0.001 0.15 L-Dec.2017 0.5

New cars and trucks5, 6.................................. 0.0 0.23 L-Dec.2017 0.5

New cars6

............................................... 0.0 0.24 L-Jan.2018 0.0

New trucks14, 6......................................... 0.0 0.21 L-Jan.2018 0.0

Used cars and trucks....................................... 2.407 -0.3 -0.008 0.02 – –

Motor vehicle parts and equipment4

...................... 0.380 0.3 0.001 0.28 L-Jan.2018 0.4

Tires4

....................................................... 0.228 0.0 0.000 0.38 S-Nov.2017 -1.0

Vehicle accessories other than tires4, 5................ 0.152 0.8 0.001 0.44 L-Jul.2017 0.9

Vehicle parts and equipment other than tires4, 6... 1.2 0.38 L-Nov.2008 1.5

Motor oil, coolant, and fluids4, 6...................... 0.1 0.90 L-Nov.2017 3.3

Medical care commodities.................................... 1.740 0.1 0.001 0.25 L-Dec.2017 0.9

Medicinal drugs4, 12......................................... 1.682 0.0 0.000 0.26 S-Oct.2017 -0.2

Prescription drugs11...................................... 1.338 -0.2 -0.002 0.29 L-Jan.2018 -0.2

Nonprescription drugs4, 12............................... 0.345 0.9 0.003 0.43 L-Feb.2015 1.0

Medical equipment and supplies4, 12..................... 0.058 -2.0 -0.001 0.50 S-Jul.2011 -2.0

Recreation commodities12.................................... 1.849 0.3 0.006 0.17 L-Feb.2011 0.3

Video and audio products12................................ 0.247 -0.8 -0.002 0.49 L-Sep.2017 -0.5

Televisions................................................ 0.117 -1.6 -0.002 0.81 L-Dec.2017 -1.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2018, 1-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

One Month

Seasonally

adjusted

percent

change

Feb. 2018-

Mar. 2018

Seasonally

adjusted

effect on All

Items

Feb. 2018-

Mar. 20181

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

seasonally adjusted

change since:3

Date Percent

change

Other video equipment5

................................. 0.027 -0.8 0.000 0.85 S-Dec.2017 -1.1

Audio equipment4

........................................ 0.044 -0.2 0.000 0.71 L-Jan.2018 0.7

Recorded music and music subscriptions4, 5......... 0.051 0.3 0.000 0.85 L-Dec.2017 0.8

Pets and pet products4

..................................... 0.600 0.1 0.001 0.23 L-Jan.2018 0.4

Pet food4, 5, 6.............................................. 0.1 0.31 S-Nov.2017 -1.0

Purchase of pets, pet supplies, accessories4, 5, 6. . .. 0.3 0.39 L-Oct.2017 0.3

Sporting goods.............................................. 0.499 1.3 0.006 0.29 L-Oct.2008 1.5

Sports vehicles including bicycles4

..................... 0.282 1.6 0.004 0.34 L-Apr.2016 2.3

Sports equipment......................................... 0.210 0.1 0.000 0.47 L-Jan.2018 0.2

Photographic equipment and supplies................... 0.034 2.1 0.001 0.66 L-Jun.2016 2.1

Film and photographic supplies4, 5, 6...................

Photographic equipment5, 6............................. 2.6 0.69 L-EVER –

Recreational reading materials4

........................... 0.112 1.8 0.002 0.64 L-EVER –

Newspapers and magazines4, 5........................ 0.067 3.6 0.002 0.95 L-EVER –

Recreational books4, 5................................... 0.045 -0.9 0.000 0.97 S-Jun.2017 -1.9

Other recreational goods5

.................................. 0.356 -0.5 -0.002 0.46 S-Jan.2018 -1.2

Toys........................................................ 0.284 -0.4 -0.001 0.52 S-Jan.2018 -1.8

Toys, games, hobbies and playground

equipment5, 6......................................... -0.4 0.55 S-Jan.2018 -1.5

Sewing machines, fabric and supplies4, 5............. 0.024 -1.4 0.000 1.10 L-Jan.2018 5.2

Music instruments and accessories4, 5................ 0.036 -0.3 0.000 0.68 L-Dec.2017 0.8

Education and communication commodities12............. 0.562 -0.4 -0.002 0.36 L-Jan.2018 0.8

Educational books and supplies.......................... 0.132 -0.1 0.000 0.60 S-Jan.2018 -0.1

College textbooks4, 15, 6.................................. 0.4 0.58 S-Jan.2018 -0.8

Information technology commodities12................... 0.429 -0.4 -0.002 0.43 L-Jan.2018 1.0

Personal computers and peripheral equipment7

. . . .. 0.321 0.1 0.000 0.59 L-Jan.2018 0.4

Computer software and accessories4, 5............... 0.025 -1.4 0.000 1.10 L-Jan.2018 2.9

Telephone hardware, calculators, and other

consumer information items4, 5....................... 0.083 -2.1 -0.002 0.70 S-Oct.2017 -2.3

Alcoholic beverages........................................... 0.970 0.1 0.001 0.14 S-Jan.2018 0.0

Alcoholic beverages at home.............................. 0.604 0.0 0.000 0.22 S-Jan.2018 -0.5

Beer, ale, and other malt beverages at home........ 0.267 0.2 0.000 0.27 – –

Distilled spirits at home.................................. 0.081 0.2 0.000 0.37 L-Jun.2017 0.2

Whiskey at home4, 6................................... 0.1 0.54 L-Jan.2018 1.0

Distilled spirits, excluding whiskey, at home4, 6. . .. 0.2 0.50 – –

Wine at home............................................. 0.256 -0.5 -0.001 0.46 S-Jan.2018 -0.7

Alcoholic beverages away from home4

.................. 0.366 0.1 0.000 0.12 S-Nov.2017 0.1

Beer, ale, and other malt beverages away from

home4, 5, 6............................................... -0.2 0.18 S-Jul.2017 -0.4

Wine away from home4, 5, 6............................. 0.2 0.18 L-Jan.2018 0.2

Distilled spirits away from home4, 5, 6.................. 0.5 0.15 L-Jan.2018 0.6

Other goods12.................................................. 1.569 -0.2 -0.004 0.16 S-Dec.2017 -0.5

Tobacco and smoking products........................... 0.646 -0.2 -0.001 0.14 S-Dec.2017 -0.4

Cigarettes5

................................................ 0.573 -0.4 -0.002 0.15 S-Dec.2017 -0.4

Tobacco products other than cigarettes4, 5........... 0.059 0.9 0.001 0.33 L-Oct.2017 1.1

Personal care products4

.................................... 0.700 -0.1 0.000 0.30 S-Dec.2017 -0.6

Hair, dental, shaving, and miscellaneous personal

care products4, 5....................................... 0.385 0.0 0.000 0.37 S-Dec.2017 -0.2

Cosmetics, perfume, bath, nail preparations and

implements4

............................................ 0.309 -0.1 0.000 0.45 L-Jan.2018 0.3

Miscellaneous personal goods5

........................... 0.222 -0.8 -0.002 0.75 L-Jan.2018 1.4

Stationery, stationery supplies, gift wrap6

............. 0.1 0.77 L-Jan.2018 0.5

Infants’ equipment4, 8, 6.................................. -1.6 0.46 S-Feb.2017 -1.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2018, 1-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

One Month

Seasonally

adjusted

percent

change

Feb. 2018-

Mar. 2018

Seasonally

adjusted

effect on All

Items

Feb. 2018-

Mar. 20181

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

seasonally adjusted

change since:3

Date Percent

change

Services less energy services.................................. 59.112 0.3 0.157 0.03 L-Jan.2018 0.3

Shelter........................................................... 32.697 0.4 0.116 0.04 L-Aug.2017 0.4

Rent of shelter16............................................. 32.325 0.4 0.115 0.04 L-Aug.2017 0.4

Rent of primary residence11............................. 7.779 0.3 0.020 0.03 L-Jan.2018 0.3

Lodging away from home5

.............................. 0.939 2.3 0.022 1.24 L-Aug.2017 3.2

Housing at school, excluding board11, 16........... 0.113 0.3 0.000 0.06 L-Dec.2017 0.3

Other lodging away from home including hotels

and motels........................................... 0.826 2.6 0.022 1.45 L-Aug.2017 3.7

Owners’ equivalent rent of residences11, 16........... 23.606 0.3 0.074 0.03 L-Jan.2018 0.3

Owners’ equivalent rent of primary

residence11, 16....................................... 22.288 0.3 0.069 0.03 L-Jan.2018 0.3

Tenants’ and household insurance4, 5................. 0.373 0.0 0.000 0.13 S-Dec.2017 0.0

Water and sewer and trash collection services5........ 1.073 0.2 0.002 0.05 S-Jan.2018 0.2

Water and sewerage maintenance11.................. 0.814 0.2 0.002 0.06 S-Oct.2017 0.2

Garbage and trash collection4, 14....................... 0.259 0.1 0.000 0.07 S-Jan.2018 -0.1

Household operations4, 5................................... 0.869 0.2 0.001 0.32 S-Dec.2017 0.0

Domestic services4, 5..................................... 0.298 0.5 0.002 0.04 L-Jan.2018 0.6

Gardening and lawncare services4, 5.................. 0.286 0.2 0.001 0.05 L-Jun.2017 0.6

Moving, storage, freight expense5

...................... 0.102 0.0 0.000 1.97 S-Dec.2017 -2.2

Repair of household items4, 5........................... 0.108 0.0 0.000 0.23 S-Jan.2018 0.0

Medical care services...................................... 6.939 0.5 0.033 0.09 L-Jan.2018 0.6

Professional services.................................... 3.277 0.5 0.017 0.10 L-May 2016 0.6

Physicians’ services11................................. 1.750 0.2 0.004 0.09 – –

Dental services11...................................... 0.789 1.2 0.009 0.11 S-Jan.2018 -0.1

Eyeglasses and eye care4, 9......................... 0.320 -0.3 -0.001 0.31 S-Dec.2017 -0.3

Services by other medical professionals4, 11, 9..... 0.417 0.8 0.003 0.09 L-Jul.2016 0.9

Hospital and related services........................... 2.602 0.6 0.015 0.12 L-Jan.2018 1.2

Hospital services11, 17................................. 2.324 0.6 0.014 0.13 L-Jan.2018 1.3

Inpatient hospital services11, 17, 6................. 0.4 0.20 L-Jan.2018 1.2

Outpatient hospital services11, 9, 6................ 0.7 0.32 L-Jan.2018 1.4

Nursing homes and adult day services11, 17....... 0.191 0.1 0.000 0.12 S-Nov.2017 0.1

Care of invalids and elderly at home4, 8............ 0.087 0.1 0.000 0.12 S-Dec.2017 -0.3

Health insurance4, 8...................................... 1.060 0.0 0.000 0.08 S-Dec.2017 -0.1

Transportation services..................................... 5.987 0.2 0.011 0.13 S-Nov.2017 0.1

Leased cars and trucks4, 15............................. 0.651 -0.6 -0.004 0.39 S-Aug.2017 -0.6

Car and truck rental5

..................................... 0.111 3.0 0.003 1.78 L-Jun.2017 7.0

Motor vehicle maintenance and repair4

............... 1.116 -0.1 -0.001 0.15 S-Nov.2017 -0.3

Motor vehicle body work4

............................. 0.055 0.1 0.000 0.11 S-Dec.2017 0.1

Motor vehicle maintenance and servicing4

......... 0.624 0.2 0.001 0.24 – –

Motor vehicle repair4, 5................................ 0.373 -0.7 -0.003 0.14 S-Jun.2017 -0.9

Motor vehicle insurance................................. 2.396 0.3 0.007 0.17 S-Jul.2017 0.3

Motor vehicle fees4, 5.................................... 0.541 0.3 0.002 0.12 S-Dec.2017 -0.3

State motor vehicle registration and license

fees4, 11, 5............................................. 0.282 0.0 0.000 0.04 – –

Parking and other fees4, 5............................ 0.243 0.7 0.002 0.22 S-Dec.2017 -0.7

Parking fees and tolls5, 6........................... 0.3 0.16 – –

Automobile service clubs4, 5, 6..................... 1.0 0.43 L-Nov.2016 9.9

Public transportation..................................... 1.171 0.3 0.004 0.36 S-Jan.2018 -0.1

Airline fares............................................. 0.712 0.6 0.005 0.58 – –

Other intercity transportation......................... 0.171 0.3 0.000 0.56 S-Dec.2017 0.2

Intercity bus fare4, 7, 6............................... 0.2 0.98 L-Jan.2018 0.4

Intercity train fare4, 7, 6..............................

Ship fare4, 5, 6........................................ 1.6 0.82 L-Apr.2017 2.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2018, 1-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

One Month

Seasonally

adjusted

percent

change

Feb. 2018-

Mar. 2018

Seasonally

adjusted

effect on All

Items

Feb. 2018-

Mar. 20181

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

seasonally adjusted

change since:3

Date Percent

change

Intracity transportation4

............................... 0.282 0.0 0.000 0.19 S-Dec.2017 -0.2

Intracity mass transit4, 12, 6......................... 0.0 0.15 S-Dec.2017 0.0

Recreation services12....................................... 3.867 -0.1 -0.005 0.16 S-Aug.2016 -0.1

Video and audio services12............................. 1.602 -0.2 -0.004 0.15 S-Sep.2016 -0.2

Cable and satellite television service14............. 1.513 -0.2 -0.003 0.14 S-Jan.2018 -0.2

Video discs and other media, including rental of

video4, 5............................................... 0.089 -0.3 0.000 1.26 S-Nov.2017 -3.9

Video discs and other media4, 5, 6................ 0.3 2.01 – –

Rental of video discs and other media4, 5, 6. . . .. 0.0 0.14 L-Dec.2017 0.6

Pet services including veterinary5

...................... 0.411 0.2 0.001 0.11 L-Jan.2018 0.5

Pet services4, 5, 6....................................... 0.0 0.10 S-Jan.2018 -0.1

Veterinarian services5, 6............................... 0.4 0.13 L-Jan.2018 0.6

Photographers and film processing4, 5................. 0.038 -0.8 0.000 0.43 S-Jan.2018 -1.0

Photographer fees4, 5, 6............................... -0.1 0.06 S-Jan.2018 -0.3

Film processing4, 5, 6.................................. -0.8 0.65 S-Jan.2018 -4.1

Other recreation services5

............................... 1.814 -0.1 -0.002 0.29 S-Jun.2017 -0.1

Club membership for shopping clubs, fraternal, or

other organizations, or participant sports

fees4, 5................................................ 0.668 0.6 0.004 0.22 L-Dec.2017 0.9

Admissions............................................. 0.655 -1.0 -0.006 0.58 S-Nov.2016 -1.0

Admission to movies, theaters, and

concerts4, 5, 6...................................... -0.1 0.46 S-Jan.2018 -0.3

Admission to sporting events4, 5, 6................ -3.4 1.79 S-Nov.2016 -5.1

Fees for lessons or instructions4, 9.................. 0.218 0.3 0.001 0.34 L-Jan.2018 0.5

Education and communication services12................ 6.063 -0.2 -0.010 0.07 – –

Tuition, other school fees, and childcare.............. 2.869 -0.1 -0.002 0.05 S-Aug.2000 -0.2

College tuition and fees............................... 1.590 -0.2 -0.003 0.06 S-Aug.2000 -0.3

Elementary and high school tuition and fees. . . . .. 0.327 0.3 0.001 0.08 – –

Child care and nursery school13..................... 0.802 0.0 0.000 0.09 S-Jan.2018 0.0

Technical and business school tuition and fees5

... 0.032 0.1 0.000 0.11 – –

Postage and delivery services5

......................... 0.109 0.2 0.000 0.02 L-Jan.2018 0.6

Postage................................................. 0.095 0.2 0.000 0.00 L-Jan.2018 0.4

Delivery services5

...................................... 0.014 0.3 0.000 0.32 L-Jan.2018 1.5

Telephone services4, 5................................... 2.298 0.0 -0.001 0.12 L-Dec.2017 0.2

Wireless telephone services4, 5...................... 1.719 0.2 0.004 0.10 L-Nov.2017 0.3

Land-line telephone services4, 12.................... 0.579 -0.8 -0.005 0.21 S-Sep.2016 -0.8

Internet services and electronic information

providers5

............................................... 0.778 -1.0 -0.008 0.29 – –

Other personal services4, 12............................... 1.616 0.6 0.010 0.11 L-May 2016 0.6

Personal care services4

................................. 0.621 0.3 0.002 0.13 L-Jan.2018 0.5

Haircuts and other personal care services4, 5...... 0.621 0.3 0.002 0.13 L-Jan.2018 0.5

Miscellaneous personal services....................... 0.995 0.7 0.007 0.11 L-Jul.2016 0.8

Legal services4, 9...................................... 0.306 0.6 0.002 0.07 S-Dec.2017 0.0

Funeral expenses4, 9.................................. 0.127 0.1 0.000 0.09 S-Jan.2018 -0.1

Laundry and dry cleaning services4, 5............... 0.237 0.5 0.001 0.16 L-Mar.2017 0.5

Apparel services other than laundry and dry

cleaning4, 5........................................... 0.028 -0.3 0.000 0.21 S-Aug.2017 -0.7

Financial services9

..................................... 0.227 1.5 0.003 0.32 L-Jan.2015 2.2

Checking account and other bank

services4, 5, 6...................................... 4.7 0.02 L-EVER –

Tax return preparation and other accounting

fees5, 6.............................................. -0.4 0.33 L-Jan.2018 0.8

Special aggregate indexes

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2018, 1-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

One Month

Seasonally

adjusted

percent

change

Feb. 2018-

Mar. 2018

Seasonally

adjusted

effect on All

Items

Feb. 2018-

Mar. 20181

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

seasonally adjusted

change since:3

Date Percent

change

All items less food.................................................. 86.694 -0.1 -0.080 0.03 S-May 2017 -0.1

All items less shelter................................................ 67.303 -0.3 -0.179 0.03 S-Mar.2017 -0.3

All items less food and shelter.................................... 53.997 -0.4 -0.196 0.04 S-Mar.2017 -0.5

All items less food, shelter, and energy.......................... 46.309 0.0 0.023 0.05 S-Nov.2017 0.0

All items less food, shelter, energy, and used cars and

trucks............................................................... 43.902 0.1 0.031 0.05 S-Nov.2017 0.0

All items less medical care........................................ 91.321 -0.1 -0.097 0.03 S-May 2017 -0.1

All items less energy................................................ 92.313 0.2 0.156 0.03 – –

Commodities......................................................... 37.455 -0.6 -0.218 0.05 S-Feb.2016 -0.9

Commodities less food, energy, and used cars and

trucks............................................................ 17.488 -0.1 -0.017 0.09 S-Nov.2017 -0.2

Commodities less food.......................................... 24.149 -1.0 -0.235 0.07 S-May 2017 -1.0

Commodities less food and beverages........................ 23.179 -1.0 -0.236 0.07 S-May 2017 -1.0

Services.............................................................. 62.545 0.2 0.149 0.03 S-Nov.2017 0.2

Services less rent of shelter16.................................. 30.220 0.2 0.047 0.05 S-Jan.2018 0.2

Services less medical care services........................... 55.606 0.3 0.139 0.04 S-Jan.2018 0.2

Durables.............................................................. 10.087 0.0 0.002 0.08 L-Jan.2018 0.1

Nondurables......................................................... 27.368 -0.7 -0.183 0.07 S-Feb.2016 -1.1

Nondurables less food........................................... 14.062 -1.5 -0.211 0.11 S-Feb.2016 -2.5

Nondurables less food and beverages........................ 13.092 -1.6 -0.210 0.12 S-Feb.2016 -2.7

Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel............. 9.957 -1.7 -0.171 0.09 S-Jun.2017 -1.7

Nondurables less food and apparel............................ 10.927 -1.5 -0.170 0.08 S-Jun.2017 -1.5

Housing............................................................... 41.663 0.3 0.110 0.04 – –

Education and communication5

................................... 6.624 -0.2 -0.012 0.07 – –

Education5

......................................................... 3.001 -0.1 -0.002 0.06 S-Aug.2000 -0.1

Communication5

.................................................. 3.623 -0.3 -0.010 0.11 L-Jan.2018 0.0

Information and information processing5

................... 3.514 -0.3 -0.010 0.12 L-Jan.2018 0.0

Information technology, hardware and services18......... 1.216 -0.8 -0.010 0.25 L-Jan.2018 0.2

Recreation5

.......................................................... 5.716 0.0 0.001 0.11 – –

Video and audio5

................................................. 1.849 -0.3 -0.006 0.15 S-Sep.2016 -0.5

Pets, pet products and services5

............................... 1.011 0.2 0.002 0.16 L-Jan.2018 0.5

Photography5

...................................................... 0.074 0.5 0.000 0.41 S-Jan.2018 -1.3

Food and beverages................................................ 14.276 0.1 0.018 0.06 L-Jan.2018 0.2

Domestically produced farm food.............................. 6.128 0.1 0.005 0.11 L-Dec.2017 0.2

Other services....................................................... 11.546 -0.1 -0.007 0.06 S-Apr.2017 -0.1

Apparel less footwear.............................................. 2.462 -1.1 -0.028 0.45 S-Nov.2017 -1.1

Fuels and utilities.................................................... 4.701 -0.2 -0.007 0.06 S-Jan.2018 -0.2

Household energy................................................ 3.628 -0.3 -0.010 0.08 S-Jan.2018 -0.4

Medical care......................................................... 8.679 0.4 0.034 0.09 L-Jan.2018 0.4

Transportation....................................................... 16.723 -1.2 -0.202 0.06 S-Feb.2016 -2.4

Private transportation............................................ 15.551 -1.3 -0.206 0.06 S-Feb.2016 -2.5

New and used motor vehicles5

.............................. 7.059 -0.1 -0.006 0.10 L-Jan.2018 0.2

Utilities and public transportation................................. 9.489 0.0 0.001 0.07 S-Jan.2018 -0.2

Household furnishings and operations........................... 4.264 0.1 0.002 0.16 S-Dec.2017 0.0

Other goods and services.......................................... 3.184 0.2 0.007 0.10 – –

Personal care4

.................................................... 2.538 0.3 0.009 0.13 L-Jan.2018 0.5

1 The ’effect’ of an item category is a measure of that item’s contribution to the All items price change. For example, if the Food index had an effect of

0.40, and the All items index rose 1.2 percent, then the increase in food prices contributed 0.40 / 1.2, or 33.3 percent, to that All items increase.

Said another way, had food prices been unchanged for that month the change in the All items index would have been 1.2 percent minus 0.40, or 0.8

percent. Effects can be negative as well. For example, if the effect of food was a negative 0.1, and the All items index rose 0.5 percent, the All items

index actually would have been 0.1 percent higher (or 0.6 percent) had food prices been unchanged. Since food prices fell while prices overall were

rising, the contribution of food to the All items price change was negative (in this case, -0.1 / 0.5, or minus 20 percent).

2 A statistic’s margin of error is often expressed as its point estimate plus or minus two standard errors. For example, if a CPI category rose 0.6

percent, and its standard error was 0.15 percent, the margin of error on this item’s 1-month percent change would be 0.6 percent, plus or minus 0.3

percent.
3 If the current seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change is greater than the previous published 1-month percent change, then this column

identifies the closest prior month with a 1-month percent change as (L)arge as or (L)arger than the current 1-month change. If the current 1-month

percent change is smaller than the previous published 1-month percent change, the most recent month with a change as (S)mall or (S)maller than

the current month change is identified. If the current and previous published 1-month percent changes are equal, a dash will appear. Standard

numerical comparisons are used. For example, 0.8% is greater than 0.6%, -0.4% is less than -0.2%, and -0.2% is less than 0.0%. Note that a

(L)arger change can be a smaller decline, for example, a -0.2% change is larger than a -0.4% change, but still represents a decline in the price

index. Likewise, (S)maller changes can be increases, for example, a 0.6% change is smaller than 0.8%, but still represents an increase in the price

index. In this context, a -0.2% change is considered to be smaller than a 0.0% change.

4 Not seasonally adjusted.

5 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base.

6 Special indexes based on a substantially smaller sample. These series do not contribute to the all items index aggregation and therefore do not

have a relative importance or effect.

7 Indexes on a December 2007=100 base.

8 Indexes on a December 2005=100 base.

9 Indexes on a December 1986=100 base.

10 Indexes on a December 1993=100 base. 11 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means

estimator. 12 Indexes on a December 2009=100 base. 13 Indexes on a December 1990=100 base. 14 Indexes on a December 1983=100 base. 15 Indexes on a December 2001=100 base. 16 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. 17 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base. 18 Indexes on a December 1988=100 base.

NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2018, 12-month analysis table

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

Twelve Month

Unadjusted

percent

change

Mar. 2017-

Mar. 2018

Unadjusted

effect on All

Items

Mar. 2017-

Mar. 20181

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

unadjusted change since:3

Date Percent

change

All items................................................................. 100.000 2.4 0.07 L-Mar.2017 2.4

Food.................................................................. 13.306 1.3 0.175 0.10 S-Oct.2017 1.3

Food at home..................................................... 7.327 0.4 0.029 0.16 S-Sep.2017 0.4

Cereals and bakery products................................. 0.959 0.1 0.000 0.30 L-Apr.2016 0.2

Cereals and cereal products............................... 0.311 -1.0 -0.004 0.62 L-Sep.2016 -0.6

Flour and prepared flour mixes......................... 0.042 -0.1 0.000 0.99 S-Jan.2018 -0.4

Breakfast cereal.......................................... 0.150 -2.4 -0.004 0.85 L-Jan.2018 -1.1

Rice, pasta, cornmeal.................................... 0.120 0.4 0.000 1.11 L-Feb.2016 0.8

Rice4, 5.................................................. -0.5 1.35 L-Sep.2017 -0.3

Bakery products.......................................... 0.648 0.6 0.004 0.37 L-Apr.2016 1.0

Bread4

................................................... 0.189 1.3 0.003 0.66 L-Nov.2015 2.2

White bread5......................................... 0.5 0.89 L-Sep.2017 0.7

Bread other than white5

............................ 1.9 0.89 L-Nov.2015 3.0

Fresh biscuits, rolls, muffins4

......................... 0.092 1.0 0.001 1.07 S-Dec.2017 1.0

Cakes, cupcakes, and cookies....................... 0.164 1.9 0.003 0.68 S-Jan.2018 1.1

Cookies5

.............................................. 1.4 1.14 S-Jan.2018 0.3

Fresh cakes and cupcakes5

....................... 2.1 1.11 L-Jun.2017 2.9

Other bakery products................................ 0.203 -1.3 -0.003 0.71 S-Nov.2017 -1.3

Fresh sweetrolls, coffeecakes, doughnuts5

...... 1.5 1.16 L-Jan.2018 1.8

Crackers, bread, and cracker products5

......... -2.4 1.24 S-Nov.2017 -2.9

Frozen and refrigerated bakery products, pies,

tarts, turnovers5

................................... -1.2 1.15 S-Nov.2017 -1.3

Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs................................ 1.610 2.1 0.037 0.33 L-Dec.2017 2.8

Meats, poultry, and fish.................................... 1.511 1.3 0.021 0.32 L-Jan.2018 1.9

Meats...................................................... 0.948 1.4 0.014 0.39 S-Sep.2017 0.8

Beef and veal.......................................... 0.426 2.8 0.013 0.49 L-Dec.2017 3.5

Uncooked ground beef............................. 0.173 4.0 0.007 0.81 S-Jan.2018 3.7

Uncooked beef roasts4

............................. 0.060 1.6 0.001 1.39 S-Nov.2017 0.5

Uncooked beef steaks4

............................. 0.156 1.1 0.002 0.91 L-Dec.2017 2.7

Uncooked other beef and veal4

................... 0.037 5.5 0.002 1.30 L-Aug.2015 7.0

Pork...................................................... 0.298 0.4 0.001 0.79 S-Jul.2017 0.0

Bacon, breakfast sausage, and related

products4

.......................................... 0.136 1.4 0.002 1.01 S-May 2017 1.4

Bacon and related products5

.................... 0.0 1.31 S-Jan.2017 -2.2

Breakfast sausage and related products4, 5... 3.5 1.67 L-Dec.2017 3.7

Ham................................................... 0.052 -2.8 -0.002 1.82 S-Feb.2017 -3.9

Ham, excluding canned5

........................ -2.8 2.30 S-Feb.2017 -4.2

Pork chops........................................... 0.043 0.9 0.000 1.89 S-Oct.2017 -0.8

Other pork including roasts and picnics4

......... 0.068 0.6 0.000 1.73 L-Jan.2018 3.7

Other meats............................................ 0.223 0.1 0.000 0.83 – –

Frankfurters5

......................................... 1.3 2.43 S-Jan.2018 0.4

Lunchmeats4, 5...................................... -0.5 0.83 L-Jan.2018 -0.3

Lamb and organ meats5

...........................

Lamb and mutton4, 5................................

Poultry................................................... 0.318 0.7 0.003 0.72 S-Nov.2017 0.1

Chicken4

.............................................. 0.261 2.1 0.006 0.84 S-Jan.2018 1.9

Fresh whole chicken5

............................ 1.6 1.94 L-Jan.2018 2.8

Fresh and frozen chicken parts5

............... 2.7 0.99 S-Jan.2018 1.1

Other poultry including turkey4

.................... 0.058 -5.3 -0.003 1.44 S-EVER –

Fish and seafood...................................... 0.245 1.7 0.004 0.84 L-Dec.2017 1.7

Fresh fish and seafood4

............................ 0.127 2.3 0.003 1.17 L-Mar.2017 3.2

Processed fish and seafood4

...................... 0.118 1.4 0.002 0.98 L-Jan.2018 2.3

Shelf stable fish and seafood5

.................. 4.7 1.31 L-Feb.2013 5.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2018, 12-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

Twelve Month

Unadjusted

percent

change

Mar. 2017-

Mar. 2018

Unadjusted

effect on All

Items

Mar. 2017-

Mar. 20181

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

unadjusted change since:3

Date Percent

change

Frozen fish and seafood5

........................ -1.8 1.50 L-Jan.2018 1.2

Eggs........................................................ 0.099 16.3 0.016 1.47 L-Nov.2015 23.7

Dairy and related products................................... 0.735 -0.9 -0.008 0.40 L-Jan.2018 -0.9

Milk4

........................................................... 0.202 -3.9 -0.009 0.70 S-Aug.2016 -4.9

Fresh whole milk5

........................................ -5.1 1.68 S-Jul.2016 -7.0

Fresh milk other than whole4, 5......................... -2.8 0.99 S-Nov.2016 -2.9

Cheese and related products.............................. 0.240 0.8 0.002 0.68 L-Jan.2018 1.1

Ice cream and related products........................... 0.106 -0.2 0.000 0.96 L-Jan.2018 0.4

Other dairy and related products4

........................ 0.188 -0.3 -0.001 0.82 L-Nov.2017 1.1

Fruits and vegetables......................................... 1.298 0.3 0.005 0.43 S-Mar.2017 -1.8

Fresh fruits and vegetables................................ 1.025 1.0 0.011 0.53 S-Mar.2017 -2.2

Fresh fruits................................................ 0.554 1.0 0.006 0.68 S-May 2017 0.3

Apples................................................... 0.078 -0.5 -0.001 1.75 S-Dec.2017 -2.6

Bananas................................................. 0.081 1.1 0.001 1.03 L-Jan.2012 2.5

Citrus fruits4

............................................ 0.150 9.1 0.013 1.42 L-Nov.2017 10.2

Oranges, including tangerines5.................... 6.1 2.18 S-Jan.2018 6.0

Other fresh fruits4

...................................... 0.245 -3.2 -0.008 1.05 S-Feb.2017 -10.6

Fresh vegetables......................................... 0.471 1.1 0.005 0.84 S-Mar.2017 -4.1

Potatoes................................................. 0.076 -0.1 0.000 2.08 S-Jan.2016 -0.6

Lettuce.................................................. 0.057 -2.6 -0.002 2.35 S-Mar.2017 -2.7

Tomatoes............................................... 0.082 5.4 0.005 1.67 S-Nov.2017 -0.3

Other fresh vegetables................................ 0.256 1.0 0.003 1.20 S-Jul.2017 1.0

Processed fruits and vegetables4

...................... 0.273 -2.2 -0.007 0.69 S-Dec.2017 -2.7

Canned fruits and vegetables4

....................... 0.148 -2.4 -0.004 0.87 S-Dec.2017 -4.1

Canned fruits4, 5..................................... -5.5 1.19 S-EVER –

Canned vegetables4, 5.............................. -0.6 1.24 L-Jan.2018 0.0

Frozen fruits and vegetables4

........................ 0.080 -1.2 -0.001 1.35 S-Jan.2018 -1.5

Frozen vegetables5

................................. -1.5 1.67 S-Nov.2017 -2.0

Other processed fruits and vegetables including

dried4

................................................. 0.045 -3.6 -0.002 1.42 S-Feb.2017 -3.6

Dried beans, peas, and lentils4, 5................. -4.0 2.11 S-Nov.2017 -4.4

Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials. ........ 0.873 -0.4 -0.005 0.43 L-Jan.2018 0.4

Juices and nonalcoholic drinks4

........................... 0.617 -0.1 -0.001 0.53 L-Jan.2018 0.8

Carbonated drinks........................................ 0.258 0.3 0.001 0.87 L-Jan.2018 0.4

Frozen noncarbonated juices and drinks4

............. 0.009 0.3 0.000 1.12 S-Nov.2017 0.1

Nonfrozen noncarbonated juices and drinks4

......... 0.351 -0.5 -0.002 0.64 L-Jan.2018 1.0

Beverage materials including coffee and tea4

........... 0.256 -1.2 -0.003 0.77 L-Jan.2018 -0.7

Coffee...................................................... 0.164 -1.6 -0.003 1.09 L-Jan.2018 -1.4

Roasted coffee5

........................................ -2.1 1.60 L-Jan.2018 -1.2

Instant coffee5

.......................................... -3.5 1.65 L-Dec.2017 0.2

Other beverage materials including tea4

.............. 0.092 -0.4 0.000 1.01 L-Jan.2018 0.5

Other food at home............................................ 1.852 0.0 0.000 0.31 S-Jun.2017 -0.1

Sugar and sweets........................................... 0.282 1.2 0.003 0.70 S-Dec.2017 0.5

Sugar and artificial sweeteners......................... 0.043 1.4 0.001 0.87 L-Jan.2018 1.4

Candy and chewing gum4

............................... 0.184 1.5 0.003 0.91 S-Jan.2018 1.0

Other sweets4

............................................. 0.055 0.1 0.000 1.22 S-Dec.2017 -0.5

Fats and oils................................................. 0.218 0.2 0.000 0.61 S-Apr.2017 -0.2

Butter and margarine4

................................... 0.061 -0.1 0.000 1.16 S-Feb.2017 -0.2

Butter5

................................................... 0.6 1.57 S-Apr.2017 -0.3

Margarine5

.............................................. 0.5 1.43 L-Nov.2017 1.3

Salad dressing4

........................................... 0.053 -1.6 -0.001 1.37 S-Apr.2017 -2.8

Other fats and oils including peanut butter4

.......... 0.104 1.2 0.001 0.92 S-Aug.2017 0.8

Peanut butter4, 5....................................... 1.0 1.06 S-Jan.2018 0.1

Other foods................................................ 1.352 -0.3 -0.004 0.36 S-Jul.2017 -0.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2018, 12-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

Twelve Month

Unadjusted

percent

change

Mar. 2017-

Mar. 2018

Unadjusted

effect on All

Items

Mar. 2017-

Mar. 20181

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

unadjusted change since:3

Date Percent

change

Soups.................................................... 0.083 -2.0 -0.002 1.65 S-Apr.2014 -2.6

Frozen and freeze dried prepared foods........... 0.235 -0.2 0.000 0.89 L-Jan.2018 -0.1

Snacks.................................................. 0.312 -0.5 -0.002 0.82 S-Jul.2017 -1.3

Spices, seasonings, condiments, sauces........... 0.272 0.3 0.001 0.79 – –

Salt and other seasonings and spices4, 5........ 2.0 1.40 S-Dec.2017 0.1

Olives, pickles, relishes4, 5......................... -2.9 1.68 S-Jul.2017 -4.2

Sauces and gravies4, 5............................. 2.5 1.16 L-Jan.2018 2.7

Other condiments5

.................................. -1.3 1.74 L-Jan.2018 0.2

Baby food4

.............................................. 0.049 0.9 0.000 1.16 L-Oct.2017 1.0

Other miscellaneous foods4

.......................... 0.401 -0.3 -0.001 0.51 S-Jan.2018 -0.4

Prepared salads6, 5................................. 0.5 1.26 S-Jan.2018 0.5

Food away from home........................................... 5.978 2.5 0.146 0.10 S-Jan.2018 2.5

Full service meals and snacks4

.............................. 2.971 2.1 0.061 0.13 – –

Limited service meals and snacks4

.......................... 2.544 3.0 0.074 0.18 S-Jan.2018 2.9

Food at employee sites and schools4

....................... 0.180 2.1 0.004 0.63 – –

Food at elementary and secondary schools7, 5......... 1.6 0.52 – –

Food from vending machines and mobile vendors4

....... 0.090 2.3 0.002 1.49 S-Oct.2017 1.9

Other food away from home4

................................ 0.194 2.2 0.005 0.53 S-Dec.2017 2.2

Energy................................................................ 7.687 7.0 0.508 0.11 S-Jan.2018 5.5

Energy commodities............................................. 4.254 11.3 0.420 0.17 S-Jan.2018 9.0

Fuel oil and other fuels........................................ 0.195 14.2 0.026 0.91 S-Dec.2017 12.6

Fuel oil........................................................ 0.117 20.0 0.020 1.08 S-Dec.2017 15.2

Propane, kerosene, and firewood8

........................ 0.078 7.2 0.006 1.58 L-Jan.2018 9.0

Motor fuel....................................................... 4.059 11.2 0.393 0.18 S-Jan.2018 8.6

Gasoline (all types)......................................... 3.971 11.1 0.384 0.18 S-Jan.2018 8.5

Gasoline, unleaded regular5

............................ 11.3 0.94 S-Jan.2018 8.5

Gasoline, unleaded midgrade9, 5....................... 9.9 0.78 S-Jan.2018 7.9

Gasoline, unleaded premium5

.......................... 10.2 0.79 S-Jan.2018 8.4

Other motor fuels4

.......................................... 0.088 16.5 0.009 0.28 S-Jan.2018 15.8

Energy services10................................................ 3.433 2.5 0.088 0.15 S-Jan.2018 1.9

Electricity10..................................................... 2.634 2.2 0.061 0.18 – –

Utility (piped) gas service10................................... 0.799 3.4 0.027 0.22 S-Jan.2018 0.2

All items less food and energy.................................... 79.007 2.1 1.677 0.08 L-Feb.2017 2.2

Commodities less food and energy commodities............ 19.895 -0.3 -0.041 0.19 L-Jan.2017 -0.2

Household furnishings and supplies11...................... 3.395 -1.5 -0.045 0.33 L-Jun.2017 -1.3

Window and floor coverings and other linens4

.......... 0.271 -1.7 -0.004 1.10 S-Dec.2017 -2.1

Floor coverings4

.......................................... 0.056 4.4 0.002 1.56 L-Apr.2009 5.1

Window coverings4

....................................... 0.049 -5.5 -0.003 2.47 S-Jan.2018 -5.7

Other linens4

.............................................. 0.165 -2.7 -0.003 1.79 S-Nov.2017 -5.5

Furniture and bedding...................................... 0.888 -1.3 -0.010 0.84 S-May 2017 -1.4

Bedroom furniture........................................ 0.324 -0.1 0.000 1.05 S-Jul.2017 -1.8

Living room, kitchen, and dining room furniture4

..... 0.425 -2.0 -0.007 1.41 S-Jan.2018 -2.0

Other furniture4

........................................... 0.127 -2.0 -0.003 1.58 L-Jan.2018 -0.8

Infants’ furniture7, 5.................................... -5.1 2.26 L-Dec.2017 -4.7

Appliances4

.................................................. 0.208 -2.2 -0.003 1.10 L-Jan.2018 -1.4

Major appliances4

........................................ 0.074 -3.6 -0.002 1.29 L-Jan.2018 -2.4

Laundry equipment5

................................... -7.2 2.84 L-Jan.2018 -3.6

Other appliances4........................................ 0.131 -1.5 -0.002 1.52 L-Jan.2018 -1.1

Other household equipment and furnishings4

........... 0.525 -6.2 -0.028 1.03 L-Dec.2017 -5.1

Clocks, lamps, and decorator items.................... 0.291 -10.2 -0.025 1.64 – –

Indoor plants and flowers12............................. 0.095 1.5 0.001 1.28 L-Dec.2017 2.0

Dishes and flatware4

..................................... 0.059 -6.8 -0.004 3.20 S-Dec.2016 -7.2

Nonelectric cookware and tableware4

................. 0.081 -2.0 -0.001 1.49 L-Mar.2017 -1.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2018, 12-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

Twelve Month

Unadjusted

percent

change

Mar. 2017-

Mar. 2018

Unadjusted

effect on All

Items

Mar. 2017-

Mar. 20181

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

unadjusted change since:3

Date Percent

change

Tools, hardware, outdoor equipment and supplies4

. . .. 0.673 0.0 0.000 0.70 L-May 2017 0.3

Tools, hardware and supplies4

......................... 0.199 1.4 0.003 0.81 L-Sep.2013 1.7

Outdoor equipment and supplies4...................... 0.311 -0.8 -0.003 0.92 L-Jul.2017 -0.7

Housekeeping supplies..................................... 0.830 -0.1 -0.001 0.43 L-Apr.2017 -0.1

Household cleaning products4

.......................... 0.326 -1.3 -0.004 0.62 L-Dec.2017 -1.3

Household paper products4............................. 0.221 -0.5 -0.001 0.83 S-Dec.2017 -0.6

Miscellaneous household products4

................... 0.283 1.6 0.005 0.88 L-Jan.2018 1.6

Apparel.......................................................... 3.136 0.3 0.015 0.79 S-Jan.2018 -0.7

Men’s and boys’ apparel................................... 0.778 0.4 0.003 1.43 L-Feb.2017 1.6

Men’s apparel............................................. 0.612 -0.4 -0.002 1.68 L-Dec.2017 -0.3

Men’s suits, sport coats, and outerwear............ 0.111 -2.4 -0.002 2.87 L-Jan.2018 -1.2

Men’s furnishings...................................... 0.150 -1.8 -0.004 3.59 L-Dec.2017 2.2

Men’s shirts and sweaters4

........................... 0.182 0.2 0.001 2.21 L-Jun.2017 0.3

Men’s pants and shorts............................... 0.162 1.7 0.003 2.81 L-Nov.2017 3.0

Boys’ apparel............................................. 0.166 3.4 0.006 3.18 S-Jan.2018 1.7

Women’s and girls’ apparel................................ 1.292 -1.0 -0.009 1.21 S-Dec.2017 -2.4

Women’s apparel......................................... 1.111 -1.2 -0.006 1.32 S-Dec.2017 -3.1

Women’s outerwear................................... 0.070 -9.6 -0.007 4.56 S-Aug.2012 -14.1

Women’s dresses...................................... 0.135 3.2 0.002 3.98 S-Jan.2018 1.3

Women’s suits and separates4

....................... 0.588 -2.3 0.004 1.77 S-Dec.2017 -5.5

Women’s underwear, nightwear, sportswear and

accessories4

......................................... 0.305 -1.1 -0.005 2.05 S-Dec.2017 -1.5

Girls’ apparel.............................................. 0.181 -1.1 -0.003 2.99 S-Nov.2017 -1.5

Footwear..................................................... 0.674 0.8 0.006 1.29 L-Jul.2017 0.9

Men’s footwear............................................ 0.217 0.6 0.002 2.00 L-Aug.2017 1.1

Boys’ and girls’ footwear................................ 0.153 0.2 0.000 2.35 L-Dec.2017 0.7

Women’s footwear........................................ 0.304 1.1 0.004 1.69 L-Jul.2017 1.6

Infants’ and toddlers’ apparel.............................. 0.134 4.6 0.006 2.57 L-Sep.2017 4.7

Jewelry and watches8

...................................... 0.257 2.6 0.008 4.64 L-Dec.2017 2.8

Watches8

.................................................. 0.099 7.8 0.007 10.80 L-Nov.2017 11.2

Jewelry8

.................................................... 0.159 0.0 0.001 4.96 L-Dec.2017 0.2

Transportation commodities less motor fuel11............. 6.676 -0.5 -0.025 0.19 L-Apr.2016 -0.3

New vehicles................................................. 3.775 -1.2 -0.045 0.33 L-Jan.2018 -1.2

New cars and trucks4, 5.................................. -1.3 0.39 L-Jan.2018 -1.3

New cars5............................................... -1.8 0.39 L-Jan.2018 -1.8

New trucks13, 5......................................... -0.7 0.52 L-Dec.2017 -0.1

Used cars and trucks....................................... 2.407 0.4 0.021 0.09 L-Feb.2016 0.4

Motor vehicle parts and equipment....................... 0.380 -0.4 -0.001 0.70 S-Dec.2017 -0.5

Tires........................................................ 0.228 -1.5 -0.003 1.03 S-Nov.2017 -1.7

Vehicle accessories other than tires4

.................. 0.152 1.3 0.002 0.75 L-Nov.2017 1.9

Vehicle parts and equipment other than tires5

..... 2.2 0.80 L-Oct.2013 2.2

Motor oil, coolant, and fluids5

........................ 1.3 1.08 S-May 2017 1.1

Medical care commodities.................................... 1.740 1.4 0.026 0.69 S-Oct.2017 0.9

Medicinal drugs11........................................... 1.682 1.5 0.027 0.71 S-Oct.2017 0.9

Prescription drugs10...................................... 1.338 1.9 0.026 0.87 S-Oct.2017 1.0

Nonprescription drugs11................................. 0.345 0.2 0.001 0.77 L-Dec.2017 0.7

Medical equipment and supplies11........................ 0.058 -1.6 -0.001 0.90 S-Dec.2015 -1.8

Recreation commodities11.................................... 1.849 -2.9 -0.051 0.43 L-Oct.2017 -2.8

Video and audio products11................................ 0.247 -12.0 -0.027 1.38 S-Feb.2017 -12.6

Televisions................................................ 0.117 -14.3 -0.016 1.88 S-May 2017 -16.0

Other video equipment4

................................. 0.027 -3.7 -0.001 1.71 L-Nov.2017 -2.8

Audio equipment.......................................... 0.044 -17.6 -0.010 2.38 L-Jan.2018 -15.1

Recorded music and music subscriptions4

............ 0.051 -2.0 0.000 7.26 S-Feb.2017 -4.1

Pets and pet products...................................... 0.600 -0.7 -0.004 0.54 L-Oct.2017 -0.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2018, 12-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

Twelve Month

Unadjusted

percent

change

Mar. 2017-

Mar. 2018

Unadjusted

effect on All

Items

Mar. 2017-

Mar. 20181

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

unadjusted change since:3

Date Percent

change

Pet food4, 5................................................ -0.8 0.69 L-Mar.2017 -0.2

Purchase of pets, pet supplies, accessories4, 5. . . . .. -0.7 1.01 S-Dec.2017 -1.0

Sporting goods.............................................. 0.499 0.8 0.004 0.81 L-Dec.2012 1.0

Sports vehicles including bicycles...................... 0.282 2.9 0.008 1.23 L-Apr.2013 3.0

Sports equipment......................................... 0.210 -1.9 -0.004 1.05 L-Jan.2018 -0.2

Photographic equipment and supplies................... 0.034 0.1 0.000 2.01 L-Nov.2017 1.9

Film and photographic supplies4, 5.....................

Photographic equipment4, 5............................. 1.4 2.74 L-Nov.2017 2.5

Recreational reading materials............................ 0.112 0.7 0.000 1.35 L-Jul.2017 1.7

Newspapers and magazines4

........................... 0.067 2.5 0.001 1.97 L-Aug.2017 3.8

Recreational books4

...................................... 0.045 -2.0 -0.001 1.67 S-Jan.2018 -3.0

Other recreational goods4

.................................. 0.356 -7.0 -0.025 0.98 L-Oct.2017 -6.5

Toys........................................................ 0.284 -8.5 -0.025 1.11 L-Oct.2017 -8.0

Toys, games, hobbies and playground

equipment4, 5......................................... -8.5 1.57 L-Dec.2017 -8.5

Sewing machines, fabric and supplies4............... 0.024 2.8 0.001 2.69 L-Jan.2018 4.2

Music instruments and accessories4

................... 0.036 0.1 0.000 1.50 L-Jan.2018 1.0

Education and communication commodities11............. 0.562 -2.5 -0.015 0.97 L-Aug.2017 -2.5

Educational books and supplies.......................... 0.132 -0.4 -0.001 1.91– –

College textbooks14, 5.................................... -0.7 1.65 S-Jan.2018 -0.7

Information technology commodities11................... 0.429 -3.2 -0.014 1.04 L-Oct.2017 -3.2

Personal computers and peripheral equipment6

. . . .. 0.321 -3.7 -0.010 1.24 L-Nov.2017 -3.5

Computer software and accessories4

.................. 0.025 -1.9 -0.001 3.43 S-Sep.2017 -3.9

Telephone hardware, calculators, and other

consumer information items4

......................... 0.083 -4.1 -0.004 1.41 S-Dec.2017 -5.0

Alcoholic beverages........................................... 0.970 1.4 0.013 0.29 – –

Alcoholic beverages at home.............................. 0.604 0.9 0.005 0.43 S-Jan.2018 0.5

Beer, ale, and other malt beverages at home........ 0.267 1.4 0.004 0.52 – –

Distilled spirits at home.................................. 0.081 -1.3 -0.001 0.73 S-Nov.2010 -1.9

Whiskey at home5

..................................... -3.2 0.99 S-EVER –

Distilled spirits, excluding whiskey, at home5

. . . . .. 0.2 1.03 S-Jan.2018 0.0

Wine at home............................................. 0.256 0.9 0.002 0.81 S-Jan.2018 0.3

Alcoholic beverages away from home.................... 0.366 2.1 0.008 0.32 – –

Beer, ale, and other malt beverages away from

home4, 5................................................. 1.3 0.63 S-May 2016 1.3

Wine away from home4, 5............................... 2.0 0.58 L-Jan.2018 2.2

Distilled spirits away from home4, 5.................... 2.9 0.77 L-Jul.2016 2.9

Other goods11.................................................. 1.569 2.7 0.041 0.34 L-Jan.2018 2.7

Tobacco and smoking products........................... 0.646 5.9 0.039 0.44 S-Mar.2017 3.6

Cigarettes4

................................................ 0.573 5.9 0.036 0.43 S-Mar.2017 3.7

Tobacco products other than cigarettes4

.............. 0.059 5.0 0.002 1.18 L-Nov.2017 5.6

Personal care products..................................... 0.700 0.3 0.002 0.54 L-Sep.2016 0.4

Hair, dental, shaving, and miscellaneous personal

care products4

.......................................... 0.385 -0.6 -0.002 0.81 L-Jan.2018 -0.5

Cosmetics, perfume, bath, nail preparations and

implements............................................. 0.309 1.2 0.004 0.85 L-Aug.2016 1.8

Miscellaneous personal goods4

........................... 0.222 -0.1 0.000 1.81 L-Oct.2017 0.2

Stationery, stationery supplies, gift wrap5

............. -0.5 1.51 – –

Infants’ equipment7, 5.................................... 4.1 1.28 S-Jan.2018 2.3

Services less energy services.................................. 59.112 2.9 1.719 0.09 L-Mar.2017 2.9

Shelter........................................................... 32.697 3.3 1.105 0.10 L-Aug.2017 3.3

Rent of shelter15............................................. 32.325 3.3 1.102 0.10 L-Oct.2017 3.3

Rent of primary residence10............................. 7.779 3.6 0.283 0.11 – –

Lodging away from home4

.............................. 0.939 2.4 0.029 2.03 L-Apr.2017 2.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2018, 12-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

Twelve Month

Unadjusted

percent

change

Mar. 2017-

Mar. 2018

Unadjusted

effect on All

Items

Mar. 2017-

Mar. 20181

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

unadjusted change since:3

Date Percent

change

Housing at school, excluding board10, 15........... 0.113 2.0 0.002 0.29 L-Jan.2018 2.0

Other lodging away from home including hotels

and motels........................................... 0.826 2.3 0.027 2.37 L-Apr.2017 2.8

Owners’ equivalent rent of residences10, 15........... 23.606 3.3 0.790 0.10 L-Aug.2017 3.3

Owners’ equivalent rent of primary

residence10, 15....................................... 22.288 3.3 0.754 0.10 L-Aug.2017 3.3

Tenants’ and household insurance4

................... 0.373 0.8 0.003 0.37 S-Dec.2017 0.6

Water and sewer and trash collection services4

........ 1.073 2.9 0.033 0.20 – –

Water and sewerage maintenance10.................. 0.814 3.3 0.028 0.24 – –

Garbage and trash collection13......................... 0.259 1.8 0.005 0.38 L-Dec.2017 2.0

Household operations4

..................................... 0.869 5.6 0.048 0.99 – –

Domestic services4

....................................... 0.298 3.3 0.010 0.41 S-Dec.2017 3.2

Gardening and lawncare services4

..................... 0.286 5.9 0.016 0.51 L-Mar.2015 6.2

Moving, storage, freight expense4

...................... 0.102 8.4 0.009 4.54 S-Jan.2018 4.3

Repair of household items4

............................. 0.108 8.2 0.008 0.81 S-Jan.2018 4.5

Medical care services...................................... 6.939 2.1 0.146 0.32 L-Jul.2017 2.3

Professional services.................................... 3.277 0.6 0.021 0.38 L-Jun.2017 0.6

Physicians’ services10................................. 1.750 -0.8 -0.013 0.62 L-Oct.2017 -0.6

Dental services10...................................... 0.789 3.7 0.029 0.50 L-Jul.2013 3.9

Eyeglasses and eye care8............................ 0.320 1.4 0.005 0.78 L-Dec.2016 1.4

Services by other medical professionals10, 8....... 0.417 0.3 0.000 0.86 L-Jan.2018 0.9

Hospital and related services........................... 2.602 4.9 0.124 0.50 L-Jan.2018 5.6

Hospital services10, 16................................. 2.324 5.2 0.117 0.55 L-Jan.2018 6.0

Inpatient hospital services10, 16, 5................. 4.6 1.65 L-Jan.2018 5.2

Outpatient hospital services10, 8, 5................ 5.1 1.51 L-Jan.2018 6.0

Nursing homes and adult day services10, 16. . . . . .. 0.191 3.2 0.006 0.44 S-Jan.2018 3.2

Care of invalids and elderly at home7

............... 0.087 0.4 0.000 1.16 L-Dec.2016 1.5

Health insurance7

........................................ 1.060 0.1 0.001 0.36 L-Jan.2018 0.3

Transportation services..................................... 5.987 4.3 0.256 0.25 S-Jan.2018 4.0

Leased cars and trucks14................................ 0.651 5.3 0.030 1.20 L-Jan.2018 5.5

Car and truck rental4

..................................... 0.111 1.3 0.002 2.67 L-Aug.2017 2.0

Motor vehicle maintenance and repair................. 1.116 1.5 0.017 0.47 – –

Motor vehicle body work.............................. 0.055 2.4 0.001 0.64 S-Jan.2018 2.4

Motor vehicle maintenance and servicing.......... 0.624 2.1 0.014 0.69 L-Dec.2017 2.4

Motor vehicle repair4

.................................. 0.373 0.1 0.001 0.64 S-EVER –

Motor vehicle insurance................................. 2.396 8.9 0.216 0.46 S-Jan.2018 8.5

Motor vehicle fees4

....................................... 0.541 1.9 0.011 0.35 L-Dec.2016 1.9

State motor vehicle registration and license

fees10, 4............................................... 0.282 1.6 0.005 0.43 L-Jul.2017 1.7

Parking and other fees4

............................... 0.243 2.4 0.006 0.54 L-Oct.2017 2.4

Parking fees and tolls4, 5........................... 2.4 1.21 – –

Automobile service clubs4, 5....................... 0.6 1.99 L-Aug.2016 0.6

Public transportation..................................... 1.171 -2.1 -0.020 0.63 S-Jan.2018 -2.1

Airline fares............................................. 0.712 -5.7 -0.032 0.94 S-Nov.2016 -6.6

Other intercity transportation......................... 0.171 2.2 0.004 1.21 L-Apr.2017 2.5

Intercity bus fare6, 5................................. 2.9 3.59 S-Aug.2012 2.2

Intercity train fare6, 5................................

Ship fare4, 5.......................................... 3.0 2.08 L-Nov.2016 5.0

Intracity transportation................................. 0.282 3.1 0.009 0.30 S-Jan.2018 2.8

Intracity mass transit11, 5........................... 3.8 0.81 S-Jan.2018 3.2

Recreation services11....................................... 3.867 2.2 0.086 0.55 S-Jul.2015 2.0

Video and audio services11............................. 1.602 2.7 0.044 0.50 S-Feb.2016 2.3

Cable and satellite television service13............. 1.513 2.7 0.042 0.51 S-Feb.2016 2.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2018, 12-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

Twelve Month

Unadjusted

percent

change

Mar. 2017-

Mar. 2018

Unadjusted

effect on All

Items

Mar. 2017-

Mar. 20181

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

unadjusted change since:3

Date Percent

change

Video discs and other media, including rental of

video4

................................................. 0.089 2.1 0.002 1.69 L-Jul.2016 3.1

Video discs and other media4, 5................... -1.3 3.58 L-Jul.2016 1.2

Rental of video discs and other media4, 5. . . . . .. 2.7 0.80 – –

Pet services including veterinary4

...................... 0.411 2.3 0.009 0.57 L-Jan.2018 2.8

Pet services4, 5......................................... 1.1 0.60 – –

Veterinarian services4, 5............................... 2.5 0.65 L-Jan.2018 3.0

Photographers and film processing4

................... 0.038 -3.0 -0.001 1.05 S-EVER –

Photographer fees4, 5.................................. 0.0 1.26 S-Dec.2017 -0.5

Film processing4, 5..................................... -8.7 1.21 S-EVER –

Other recreation services4

............................... 1.814 1.9 0.035 1.08 S-Jun.2017 1.6

Club membership for shopping clubs, fraternal, or

other organizations, or participant sports

fees4

.................................................. 0.668 3.2 0.021 1.42 L-Jan.2018 4.2

Admissions............................................. 0.655 0.2 0.001 1.68 S-Nov.2014 0.2

Admission to movies, theaters, and

concerts4, 5........................................ 2.9 1.68 L-Oct.2017 3.1

Admission to sporting events4, 5.................. -3.0 3.59 S-EVER –

Fees for lessons or instructions8

.................... 0.218 3.3 0.007 1.34 S-Oct.2017 3.2

Education and communication services11................ 6.063 0.1 0.005 0.24 L-Dec.2016 0.1

Tuition, other school fees, and childcare.............. 2.869 1.9 0.058 0.20 S-EVER –

College tuition and fees............................... 1.590 1.7 0.033 0.26 S-May 2017 1.7

Elementary and high school tuition and fees. . . . .. 0.327 3.8 0.012 0.42 L-Sep.2017 3.9

Child care and nursery school12..................... 0.802 1.3 0.010 0.40 S-EVER –

Technical and business school tuition and fees4

... 0.032 1.7 0.001 1.02 S-Dec.2016 1.7

Postage and delivery services4

......................... 0.109 2.4 0.003 0.22 – –

Postage................................................. 0.095 2.0 0.002 0.22 – –

Delivery services4

...................................... 0.014 6.1 0.001 0.99 S-Sep.2017 5.2

Telephone services4

..................................... 2.298 -1.5 -0.035 0.50 L-Aug.2016 -0.4

Wireless telephone services4

........................ 1.719 -2.4 -0.039 0.64 L-Sep.2016 -2.4

Land-line telephone services11....................... 0.579 0.5 0.004 0.61 S-Jan.2017 0.4

Internet services and electronic information

providers4

............................................... 0.778 -2.8 -0.021 1.21 S-Aug.2015 -3.0

Other personal services11.................................. 1.616 2.5 0.040 0.25 L-May 2017 2.5

Personal care services.................................. 0.621 1.9 0.012 0.36 – –

Haircuts and other personal care services4

........ 0.621 1.9 0.012 0.36 – –

Miscellaneous personal services....................... 0.995 2.8 0.028 0.38 L-Jun.2017 3.0

Legal services8

......................................... 0.306 4.3 0.013 0.56 L-Jun.2017 4.6

Funeral expenses8

..................................... 0.127 1.7 0.002 0.41 L-Dec.2017 1.8

Laundry and dry cleaning services4

................. 0.237 2.8 0.007 0.74 – –

Apparel services other than laundry and dry

cleaning4

............................................. 0.028 -0.3 0.000 0.91 L-Dec.2017 -0.1

Financial services8

..................................... 0.227 1.4 0.003 1.03 L-Jan.2018 3.9

Checking account and other bank services4, 5... 9.4 0.96 L-EVER –

Tax return preparation and other accounting

fees4, 5.............................................. -1.7 1.14 S-EVER –

Special aggregate indexes

All items less food.................................................. 86.694 2.5 2.185 0.07 L-Apr.2017 2.5

All items less shelter................................................ 67.303 1.9 1.254 0.08 L-Feb.2017 2.3

All items less food and shelter.................................... 53.997 2.0 1.080 0.10 L-Mar.2017 2.2

All items less food, shelter, and energy.......................... 46.309 1.2 0.572 0.11 L-Feb.2017 1.3

All items less food, shelter, energy, and used cars and

trucks............................................................... 43.902 1.2 0.551 0.12 L-Mar.2017 1.2

All items less medical care........................................ 91.321 2.4 2.188 0.07 L-Feb.2017 2.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2018, 12-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2018

Twelve Month

Unadjusted

percent

change

Mar. 2017-

Mar. 2018

Unadjusted

effect on All

Items

Mar. 2017-

Mar. 20181

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

unadjusted change since:3

Date Percent

change

All items less energy................................................ 92.313 2.0 1.852 0.07 L-Aug.2016 2.0

Commodities......................................................... 37.455 1.5 0.553 0.11 – –

Commodities less food, energy, and used cars and

trucks............................................................ 17.488 -0.4 -0.062 0.21 L-Jul.2017 -0.2

Commodities less food.......................................... 24.149 1.5 0.378 0.17 S-Jan.2018 0.9

Commodities less food and beverages........................ 23.179 1.5 0.365 0.17 S-Jan.2018 0.9

Services.............................................................. 62.545 2.9 1.807 0.08 L-Mar.2017 2.9

Services less rent of shelter15.................................. 30.220 2.3 0.704 0.13 L-Feb.2017 2.7

Services less medical care services........................... 55.606 2.9 1.661 0.09 L-Feb.2017 3.1

Durables.............................................................. 10.087 -1.2 -0.102 0.18 L-Mar.2016 -1.0

Nondurables......................................................... 27.368 2.4 0.655 0.13 S-Jan.2018 2.2

Nondurables less food........................................... 14.062 3.5 0.480 0.24 S-Jan.2018 2.6

Nondurables less food and beverages........................ 13.092 3.6 0.467 0.25 S-Jan.2018 2.8

Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel............. 9.957 4.7 0.452 0.20 S-Jan.2018 3.9

Nondurables less food and apparel............................ 10.927 4.4 0.465 0.18 S-Jan.2018 3.6

Housing............................................................... 41.663 3.0 1.256 0.09 L-Jun.2017 3.0

Education and communication4

................................... 6.624 -0.2 -0.010 0.22 L-Dec.2016 -0.2

Education4

......................................................... 3.001 1.8 0.057 0.22 S-EVER –

Communication4

.................................................. 3.623 -1.8 -0.068 0.37 L-Aug.2016 -0.9

Information and information processing4

................... 3.514 -2.0 -0.070 0.38 L-Sep.2016 -2.0

Information technology, hardware and services17......... 1.216 -3.0 -0.035 0.81 S-Mar.2017 -3.2

Recreation4

.......................................................... 5.716 0.6 0.035 0.40 – –

Video and audio4

................................................. 1.849 0.9 0.016 0.46 S-Oct.2016 0.7

Pets, pet products and services4

............................... 1.011 0.5 0.005 0.40 L-Jan.2018 0.5

Photography4

...................................................... 0.074 -1.5 -0.001 1.02 L-Nov.2017 0.2

Food and beverages................................................ 14.276 1.3 0.188 0.09 S-Oct.2017 1.3

Domestically produced farm food.............................. 6.128 0.4 0.028 0.17 S-Aug.2017 0.4

Other services....................................................... 11.546 1.1 0.131 0.21 L-Feb.2017 1.6

Apparel less footwear.............................................. 2.462 0.1 0.009 0.97 S-Jan.2018 -0.2

Fuels and utilities.................................................... 4.701 3.0 0.148 0.12 S-Jan.2018 2.7

Household energy................................................ 3.628 3.1 0.114 0.15 S-Jan.2018 2.6

Medical care......................................................... 8.679 2.0 0.172 0.30 L-Jan.2018 2.0

Transportation....................................................... 16.723 3.9 0.624 0.12 S-Jan.2018 3.0

Private transportation............................................ 15.551 4.3 0.644 0.12 S-Jan.2018 3.4

New and used motor vehicles4

.............................. 7.059 0.0 0.009 0.21 L-Mar.2016 0.1

Utilities and public transportation................................. 9.489 1.1 0.109 0.16 L-Feb.2017 1.8

Household furnishings and operations........................... 4.264 -0.1 0.003 0.36 – –

Other goods and services.......................................... 3.184 2.6 0.081 0.21 L-Apr.2017 2.7

Personal care..................................................... 2.538 1.6 0.042 0.26 L-Feb.2017 1.6

1 The ’effect’ of an item category is a measure of that item’s contribution to the All items price change. For example, if the Food index had an effect of

0.40, and the All items index rose 1.2 percent, then the increase in food prices contributed 0.40 / 1.2, or 33.3 percent, to that All items increase.

Said another way, had food prices been unchanged for that year the change in the All items index would have been 1.2 percent minus 0.40, or 0.8

percent. Effects can be negative as well. For example, if the effect of food was a negative 0.1, and the All items index rose 0.5 percent, the All items

index actually would have been 0.1 percent higher (or 0.6 percent) had food prices been unchanged. Since food prices fell while prices overall were

rising, the contribution of food to the All items price change was negative (in this case, -0.1 / 0.5, or minus 20 percent).

2 A statistic’s margin of error is often expressed as its point estimate plus or minus two standard errors. For example, if a CPI category rose 2.6

percent, and its standard error was 0.25 percent, the margin of error on this item’s 12-month percent change would be 2.6 percent, plus or minus

0.5 percent.

3 If the current 12-month percent change is greater than the previous published 12-month percent change, then this column identifies the closest prior

month with a 12-month percent change as (L)arge as or (L)arger than the current 12-month change. If the current 12-month percent change is

smaller than the previous published 12-month percent change, the most recent month with a change as (S)mall or (S)maller than the current month

change is identified. If the current and previous published 12-month percent changes are equal, a dash will appear. Standard numerical comparison

is used. For example, 2.0% is greater than 0.6%, -4.4% is less than -2.0%, and -2.0% is less than 0.0%. Note that a (L)arger change can be a

smaller decline, for example, a -0.2% change is larger than a -0.4% change, but still represents a decline in the price index. Likewise, (S)maller

changes can be increases, for example, a 0.6% change is smaller than 0.8%, but still represents an increase in the price index. In this context, a

-0.2% change is considered to be smaller than a 0.0% change.

4 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base.
5 Special indexes based on a substantially smaller sample. These series do not contribute to the all items index aggregation and therefore do not

have a relative importance or effect.

6 Indexes on a December 2007=100 base.

7 Indexes on a December 2005=100 base.

8 Indexes on a December 1986=100 base. 9 Indexes on a December 1993=100 base. 10 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means

estimator. 11 Indexes on a December 2009=100 base. 12 Indexes on a December 1990=100 base. 13 Indexes on a December 1983=100 base. 14 Indexes on a December 2001=100 base. 15 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. 16 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base. 17 Indexes on a December 1988=100 base.

NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.