HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES

5. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, and race

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Total White Black or African

American Asian

2020 2021 2020 2021 2020 2021 2020 2021

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260,329 261,445 201,306 201,881 33,344 33,613 16,467 16,521

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160,742 161,204 124,431 124,145 20,177 20,482 10,331 10,545

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.7 61.7 61.8 61.5 60.5 60.9 62.7 63.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147,795 152,581 115,341 118,291 17,873 18,726 9,437 10,016

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.8 58.4 57.3 58.6 53.6 55.7 57.3 60.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,947 8,623 9,090 5,854 2,304 1,756 894 529

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 5.3 7.3 4.7 11.4 8.6 8.7 5.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99,587 100,241 76,875 77,737 13,167 13,131 6,136 5,976

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,922 126,487 98,456 98,741 15,250 15,389 7,708 7,751

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85,204 85,505 67,171 67,036 9,542 9,775 5,468 5,566

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.7 67.6 68.2 67.9 62.6 63.5 70.9 71.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,560 80,829 62,446 63,814 8,392 8,875 5,041 5,292

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.4 63.9 63.4 64.6 55.0 57.7 65.4 68.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,644 4,676 4,725 3,222 1,150 900 427 275

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8 5.5 7.0 4.8 12.1 9.2 7.8 4.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40,718 40,983 31,285 31,705 5,708 5,614 2,240 2,184

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,549 118,174 92,283 92,612 14,053 14,207 7,260 7,316

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,345 82,518 64,903 64,695 9,220 9,442 5,371 5,469

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.1 69.8 70.3 69.9 65.6 66.5 74.0 74.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,227 78,216 60,570 61,737 8,150 8,597 4,957 5,208

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.8 66.2 65.6 66.7 58.0 60.5 68.3 71.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,118 4,302 4,334 2,957 1,069 845 414 260

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 5.2 6.7 4.6 11.6 8.9 7.7 4.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,204 35,656 27,380 27,918 4,833 4,765 1,889 1,847

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134,407 134,958 102,850 103,140 18,094 18,224 8,759 8,770

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,538 75,699 57,260 57,109 10,635 10,707 4,863 4,978

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.2 56.1 55.7 55.4 58.8 58.8 55.5 56.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,234 71,752 52,895 54,476 9,481 9,851 4,396 4,725

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.5 53.2 51.4 52.8 52.4 54.1 50.2 53.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,304 3,948 4,365 2,632 1,155 857 467 254

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 5.2 7.6 4.6 10.9 8.0 9.6 5.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,869 59,259 45,590 46,032 7,459 7,517 3,896 3,792

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,213 126,819 96,872 97,202 16,873 17,018 8,286 8,301

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,677 72,724 55,060 54,800 10,238 10,317 4,783 4,885

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.6 57.3 56.8 56.4 60.7 60.6 57.7 58.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,873 69,099 51,048 52,389 9,176 9,525 4,330 4,642

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.0 54.5 52.7 53.9 54.4 56.0 52.3 55.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,804 3,625 4,013 2,411 1,062 791 454 243

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.0 5.0 7.3 4.4 10.4 7.7 9.5 5.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,536 54,094 41,812 42,403 6,635 6,701 3,503 3,416

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,567 16,453 12,151 12,067 2,419 2,389 921 904

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,720 5,962 4,467 4,651 720 724 177 191

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.5 36.2 36.8 38.5 29.8 30.3 19.2 21.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,695 5,266 3,723 4,164 546 604 151 166

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.3 32.0 30.6 34.5 22.6 25.3 16.4 18.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,025 696 744 486 173 120 26 25

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.9 11.7 16.6 10.5 24.1 16.6 14.9 13.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,846 10,491 7,683 7,417 1,699 1,665 744 713

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.

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