Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-14-0987 

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, June 6, 2014 

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — MAY 2014 

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 217,000 in May, and the unemployment rate was 

unchanged at 6.3 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment increased in 

professional and business services, health care and social assistance, food services and drinking places, 

and transportation and warehousing. 

Household Survey Data 

The unemployment rate held at 6.3 percent in May, following a decline of 0.4 percentage point in 

April. The number of unemployed persons was unchanged in May at 9.8 million. Over the year, the 

unemployment rate and the number of unemployed persons declined by 1.2 percentage points and 1.9 

million, respectively. (See table A-1.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (5.9 percent), adult women 

(5.7 percent), teenagers (19.2 percent), whites (5.4 percent), blacks (11.5 percent), and Hispanics (7.7 

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

May-12 Aug -12 Nov-12 Feb -13 May-13 Aug-13 Nov-13 Feb-14 May-14

Thousands

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month 

change, seasonally adjusted, May 2012 – May 2014

Percent

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

May-12 Aug -12 Nov-12 Feb -13 May-13 Aug -13 Nov-13 Feb -14 May-14

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

May 2012 – May 2014
- 2 - 

percent) showed little or no change in May. The jobless rate for Asians was 5.3 percent (not seasonally 

adjusted), little changed from a year earlier. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

Among the unemployed, the number of job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

declined by 218,000 in May. The number of unemployed reentrants increased by 237,000 over the 

month, partially offsetting a large decrease in April. (Reentrants are persons who previously worked but 

were not in the labor force prior to beginning their current job search.) (See table A-11.) 

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was essentially unchanged 

at 3.4 million in May. These individuals accounted for 34.6 percent of the unemployed. Over the past 12 

months, the number of long-term unemployed has declined by 979,000. (See table A-12.) 

The civilian labor force participation rate was unchanged in May, at 62.8 percent. The participation 

rate has shown no clear trend since this past October but is down by 0.6 percentage point over the year. 

The employment-population ratio, at 58.9 percent, was also unchanged in May and has changed little 

over the year. (See table A-1.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as 

involuntary part-time workers), at 7.3 million, changed little in May. These individuals were working 

part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See 

table A-8.) 

In May, 2.1 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, essentially unchanged from a 

year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted 

and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not 

counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. 

(See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 697,000 discouraged workers in May, little different from 

a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently 

looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.4 million persons 

marginally attached to the labor force in May had not searched for work for reasons such as school 

attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 217,000 in May, with gains in professional and 

business services, health care and social assistance, food services and drinking places, and transportation 

and warehousing. Over the prior 12 months, nonfarm payroll employment growth had averaged 197,000 

per month. (See table B-1.) 

Professional and business services added 55,000 jobs in May, the same as its average monthly job gain 

over the prior 12 months. In May, the industry added 7,000 jobs each in computer systems design and 

related services and in management and technical consulting. Employment in temporary help services 

continued to trend up (+14,000) and has grown by 224,000 over the past year. 

In May, health care and social assistance added 55,000 jobs. The health care industry added 34,000 

jobs over the month, twice its average monthly gain for the prior 12 months. Within health care, 

employment rose in May by 23,000 in ambulatory health care services (which includes offices of 
- 3 - 

physicians, outpatient care centers, and home health care services) and by 7,000 in hospitals. 

Employment rose by 21,000 in social assistance, compared with an average gain of 7,000 per month 

over the prior 12 months. 

Within leisure and hospitality, employment in food services and drinking places continued to grow, 

increasing by 32,000 in May and by 311,000 over the past year. 

Transportation and warehousing employment rose by 16,000 in May. Over the prior 12 months, the 

industry had added an average of 9,000 jobs per month. In May, employment growth occurred in 

support activities for transportation (+6,000) and couriers and messengers (+4,000). 

Manufacturing employment changed little over the month but has added 105,000 jobs over the past 

year. Within the industry, durable goods added 17,000 jobs in May and has accounted for the net job 

gain in manufacturing over the past 12 months. 

Employment in other major industries, including mining and logging, construction, wholesale trade, 

retail trade, information, financial activities, and government, showed little change over the month. 

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.5 hours in 

May. The manufacturing workweek increased by 0.2 hour in May to 41.1 hours, and factory overtime 

was unchanged at 3.5 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on 

private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.7 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

In May, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 5 cents to 

$24.38. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.1 percent. In May, average 

hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 3 cents to 

$20.54. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) 

After revision, the change in total nonfarm employment for March remained +203,000, and the change 

for April was revised from +288,000 to +282,000. With these revisions, employment gains in March and 

April were 6,000 lower than previously reported. 

_____________ 

The Employment Situation for June is scheduled to be released on Thursday, July 3, 2014, at 

8:30 a.m. (EDT).

Upcoming Changes to the Establishment Survey Data 

Effective with the release of July 2014 data on August 1, 2014, the establishment survey will 

implement new sample units into production on a quarterly basis, replacing the current practice 

of implementing new sample units annually. There is no change to the establishment survey 

sample design. More information about the quarterly sample implementation is available at

www.bls.gov/ces/cesqsi.htm. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014

May

2014

Change from:

Apr. 2014-

May 2014

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population........................................... 245,363 247,258 247,439 247,622 183

Civilian labor force........................................................... 155,609 156,227 155,421 155,613 192

Participation rate.......................................................... 63.4 63.2 62.8 62.8 0.0

Employed................................................................... 143,919 145,742 145,669 145,814 145

Employment-population ratio.......................................... 58.7 58.9 58.9 58.9 0.0

Unemployed............................................................... 11,690 10,486 9,753 9,799 46

Unemployment rate.................................................... 7.5 6.7 6.3 6.3 0.0

Not in labor force............................................................ 89,754 91,030 92,018 92,009 -9

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over...................................................... 7.5 6.7 6.3 6.3 0.0

Adult men (20 years and over)............................................ 7.2 6.2 5.9 5.9 0.0

Adult women (20 years and over)......................................... 6.5 6.2 5.7 5.7 0.0

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................ 24.1 20.9 19.1 19.2 0.1

White.......................................................................... 6.6 5.8 5.3 5.4 0.1

Black or African American.................................................. 13.5 12.4 11.6 11.5 -0.1

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................ 4.3 5.4 5.7 5.3 –

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................. 9.1 7.9 7.3 7.7 0.4

Total, 25 years and over...................................................... 6.1 5.4 5.2 5.2 0.0

Less than a high school diploma.......................................... 11.0 9.6 8.9 9.1 0.2

High school graduates, no college........................................ 7.4 6.3 6.3 6.5 0.2

Some college or associate degree........................................ 6.5 6.1 5.7 5.5 -0.2

Bachelor’s degree and higher.............................................. 3.8 3.4 3.3 3.2 -0.1

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs.................. 6,094 5,489 5,236 5,018 -218

Job leavers...................................................................... 944 815 784 875 91

Reentrants....................................................................... 3,326 3,037 2,620 2,857 237

New entrants.................................................................... 1,257 1,169 1,043 1,062 19

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks............................................................. 2,704 2,461 2,447 2,559 112

5 to 14 weeks................................................................... 2,642 2,581 2,359 2,390 31

15 to 26 weeks................................................................. 1,934 1,677 1,533 1,441 -92

27 weeks and over............................................................. 4,353 3,739 3,452 3,374 -78

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons.............................................. 7,917 7,411 7,465 7,269 -196

Slack work or business conditions........................................ 4,837 4,512 4,555 4,453 -102

Could only find part-time work............................................. 2,697 2,731 2,669 2,537 -132

Part time for noneconomic reasons.......................................... 18,957 19,216 18,886 19,040 154

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force....................................... 2,164 2,168 2,160 2,130 –

Discouraged workers........................................................ 780 698 783 697 –

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will

not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 203 282 217

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 200 270 216

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 21 46 18

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4 8 2

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 13 34 6

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -7 4 4 10

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -2 14 6 17

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 -0.5 0.3 5.0

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -5 -10 -2 -7

Private service-providing1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 179 224 198

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7 7.8 16.2 9.9

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.7 28.9 43.1 12.5

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -1.5 13.9 12.1 16.4

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -2 -1 1 -5

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 0 6 3

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 47 71 55

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.3 22.1 16.0 14.3

Education and health services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 40 39 63

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.9 34.9 28.5 54.9

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 31 24 39

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 9 13 4

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -23 3 12 1

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.4 49.4 49.4 49.4

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.0 48.0 48.0 48.0

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.6 82.7 82.7 82.7

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.5 34.5 34.5 34.5

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $23.89 $24.32 $24.33 $24.38

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $824.21 $839.04 $839.39 $841.11

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.5 100.1 100.4 100.6

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112.3 116.2 116.5 117.0

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.6 0.9 0.3 0.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS

PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.7

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $20.06 $20.48 $20.51 $20.54

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $676.02 $690.18 $691.19 $692.20

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.0 107.8 108.1 108.3

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 1.1 0.3 0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142.0 147.5 148.1 148.6

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 1.0 0.4 0.3

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private (264 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.6 59.7 65.9 62.7

Manufacturing (81 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.8 53.7 53.7 55.6

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the

service-providing industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate

hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal

balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of 

employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series 

has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household 

survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 

100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically 

significant change in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a 

more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers 

whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private 

household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also 

provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences 

between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf. 

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, 

it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does 

not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which 

identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the 

foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The 

Employment Situation news release. 

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax 

records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more 

information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments 

with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the 

reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and 

industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 

 
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net 

employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an 

econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based 

on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census 

of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this 

purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There 

is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and 

availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment 

insurance benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons 

who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the 

unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There 

is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently 

looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, 

including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged 

workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include 

discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each 

month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these 

alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? 

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the 

month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than 

on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including 

pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates 

typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some 

employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, 

while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll 

employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates, 

employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees 

who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll 

employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit 

www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th 

of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as 

employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the 

number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure 

of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 

Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page, 

please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household 

survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey 

(CES; establishment survey). The household survey 

provides information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked 

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 

60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census 

Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm 

payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of 

nonagricultural business establishments. Each month 

the CES program surveys about 144,000 businesses 

and government agencies, representing approximately 

554,000 individual worksites, in order to provide 

detailed industry data on employment, hours, and 

earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls. The 

active sample includes approximately one-third of 

all nonfarm payroll employees. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that 

contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment 

survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 

12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the 

calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment 

sometime during the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting 

recall need not be looking for work to be counted as 

unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the 

household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for 

or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as 

employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The 

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent 

of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the 

labor force as a percent of the population, and 

the employment-population ratio is the employed as a 

percent of the population. Additional information 

about the household survey can be found at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are 

counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are 

produced for the private sector for all employees and for 

production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and 

logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing 

industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an 

establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 

2012 version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous 

conceptual and methodological differences between the 

household and establishment surveys result in important 

distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the 

surveys. Among these are: 

 The household survey includes agricultural

workers, self-employed workers whose businesses

are unicorporated, unpaid family workers, and

private household workers among the employed.

These groups are excluded from the establishment

survey.

 The household survey includes people on unpaid

leave among the employed. The establishment

survey does not.

 The household survey is limited to workers 16

years of age and older. The establishment survey is

not limited by age.

 The household survey has no duplication of

individuals, because individuals are counted only

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the

establishment survey, employees working at more

than one job and thus appearing on more than one

payroll are counted separately for each appearance.
Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, 

and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases in the 

participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For 

example, in the household survey, the large number of 

youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure 

any other changes that have taken place relative to May, 

making it difficult to determine if the level of economic 

activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the 

establishment survey, payroll employment in education 

declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term 

and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the 

underlying employment trends in the industry. Because 

seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of 

the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be 

adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more 

discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more 

useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-tomonth economic activity. 

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, 

such as total payroll employment, employment in most 

major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are 

computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived 

by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex 

components; this differs from the unemployment estimate 

that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by 

combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age 

categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling 

error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. The 

component of this difference that occurs because samples 

differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its 

variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. 

There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value 

because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the 

establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 

90,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment 

increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-

percent confidence interval on the monthly change would 

range from -40,000 to +140,000 (50,000 +/- 90,000). These 

figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these 

magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent 

chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this 

interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, 

we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment 

had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported 

nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the 

values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be 

greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-

percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen 

that month. At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, 

the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change 

in unemployment as measured by the household survey is 

about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the 

unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.2 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, 

such as for quarterly and annual averages. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all 

respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide correct information on a timely 

basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in 

the collection or processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates 

for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete 

returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled 

preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive 

revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample 

reports have been received, that the estimate is considered 

final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 
account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment 

gains from business births. This is incorporated into the 

sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting 

sample units going out of business, but imputing to them 

the same employment trend as the other firms in the 

sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net 

birth/death employment. 

The second component is an ARIMA time series 

model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death 

employment not accounted for by the imputation. The 

historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA 

model was derived from the unemployment insurance 

universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual 

residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough 

proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also 

incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over 

the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total 

nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a 

range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

May

2013

Apr.

2014

May

2014

May

2013

Jan.

2014

Feb.

2014

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014

May

2014

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245,363 247,439 247,622 245,363 246,915 247,085 247,258 247,439 247,622

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155,734 154,845 155,841 155,609 155,460 155,724 156,227 155,421 155,613

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.5 62.6 62.9 63.4 63.0 63.0 63.2 62.8 62.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144,432 145,767 146,398 143,919 145,224 145,266 145,742 145,669 145,814

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.9 58.9 59.1 58.7 58.8 58.8 58.9 58.9 58.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,302 9,079 9,443 11,690 10,236 10,459 10,486 9,753 9,799

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 5.9 6.1 7.5 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.3 6.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89,629 92,594 91,782 89,754 91,455 91,361 91,030 92,018 92,009

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,193 6,088 7,031 6,648 6,348 6,060 6,146 6,146 6,438

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,393 119,488 119,582 118,393 119,218 119,306 119,395 119,488 119,582

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,924 82,104 82,723 82,844 82,662 82,597 83,052 82,586 82,590

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.0 68.7 69.2 70.0 69.3 69.2 69.6 69.1 69.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,608 77,086 77,619 76,317 77,060 76,808 77,416 77,292 77,310

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.7 64.5 64.9 64.5 64.6 64.4 64.8 64.7 64.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,316 5,018 5,104 6,526 5,602 5,789 5,636 5,294 5,280

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6 6.1 6.2 7.9 6.8 7.0 6.8 6.4 6.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,469 37,384 36,859 35,549 36,556 36,709 36,343 36,902 36,992

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109,839 111,027 111,126 109,839 110,746 110,838 110,930 111,027 111,126

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,015 79,571 80,020 79,867 79,892 79,917 80,171 79,851 79,830

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.8 71.7 72.0 72.7 72.1 72.1 72.3 71.9 71.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,456 75,059 75,459 74,137 74,916 74,780 75,230 75,134 75,127

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.8 67.6 67.9 67.5 67.6 67.5 67.8 67.7 67.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,559 4,512 4,562 5,729 4,975 5,137 4,941 4,718 4,703

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 5.7 5.7 7.2 6.2 6.4 6.2 5.9 5.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,824 31,456 31,106 29,972 30,855 30,921 30,760 31,176 31,296

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,970 127,951 128,040 126,970 127,696 127,779 127,863 127,951 128,040

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,810 72,741 73,118 72,765 72,797 73,128 73,175 72,835 73,023

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.3 56.9 57.1 57.3 57.0 57.2 57.2 56.9 57.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,824 68,680 68,779 67,602 68,163 68,458 68,325 68,376 68,504

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.4 53.7 53.7 53.2 53.4 53.6 53.4 53.4 53.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,986 4,061 4,339 5,163 4,634 4,670 4,850 4,459 4,519

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 5.6 5.9 7.1 6.4 6.4 6.6 6.1 6.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,160 55,210 54,923 54,204 54,899 54,652 54,688 55,116 55,017

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,708 119,760 119,852 118,708 119,497 119,583 119,669 119,760 119,852

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,955 70,100 70,274 69,871 70,023 70,331 70,361 70,037 70,153

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.9 58.5 58.6 58.9 58.6 58.8 58.8 58.5 58.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,611 66,452 66,466 65,323 65,909 66,183 66,008 66,057 66,137

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.3 55.5 55.5 55.0 55.2 55.3 55.2 55.2 55.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,343 3,648 3,809 4,548 4,114 4,148 4,352 3,980 4,016

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 5.2 5.4 6.5 5.9 5.9 6.2 5.7 5.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,753 49,660 49,577 48,837 49,475 49,252 49,309 49,724 49,699

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,816 16,652 16,644 16,816 16,671 16,664 16,658 16,652 16,644

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,764 5,174 5,546 5,872 5,545 5,476 5,696 5,534 5,630

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 31.1 33.3 34.9 33.3 32.9 34.2 33.2 33.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,364 4,256 4,473 4,459 4,399 4,303 4,503 4,479 4,550

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.0 25.6 26.9 26.5 26.4 25.8 27.0 26.9 27.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,400 918 1,072 1,413 1,147 1,173 1,193 1,055 1,080

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.3 17.7 19.3 24.1 20.7 21.4 20.9 19.1 19.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,052 11,478 11,098 10,944 11,125 11,188 10,962 11,119 11,014

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

May

2013

Apr.

2014

May

2014

May

2013

Jan.

2014

Feb.

2014

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014

May

2014

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194,147 195,210 195,310 194,147 194,944 195,029 195,117 195,210 195,310

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,836 122,659 123,443 123,794 123,500 123,641 123,763 123,111 123,287

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.8 62.8 63.2 63.8 63.4 63.4 63.4 63.1 63.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,828 116,536 117,029 115,570 116,409 116,447 116,581 116,601 116,669

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.7 59.7 59.9 59.5 59.7 59.7 59.7 59.7 59.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,009 6,123 6,414 8,224 7,091 7,193 7,183 6,510 6,618

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 5.0 5.2 6.6 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.3 5.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,311 72,550 71,867 70,353 71,444 71,388 71,353 72,099 72,022

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,785 64,216 64,482 64,668 64,551 64,594 64,724 64,445 64,343

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.3 72.1 72.4 73.2 72.6 72.6 72.7 72.4 72.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,816 61,097 61,389 60,563 61,048 61,020 61,282 61,182 61,129

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.8 68.6 68.9 68.5 68.7 68.6 68.9 68.7 68.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,969 3,119 3,094 4,106 3,503 3,574 3,441 3,264 3,214

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 4.9 4.8 6.3 5.4 5.5 5.3 5.1 5.0

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,411 54,358 54,599 54,426 54,505 54,635 54,509 54,277 54,520

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.3 58.0 58.2 58.4 58.2 58.3 58.1 57.9 58.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,390 51,984 52,043 51,301 51,695 51,822 51,597 51,730 51,864

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.1 55.4 55.5 55.0 55.2 55.3 55.0 55.2 55.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,021 2,374 2,556 3,125 2,810 2,813 2,911 2,547 2,656

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6 4.4 4.7 5.7 5.2 5.1 5.3 4.7 4.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,641 4,085 4,361 4,700 4,444 4,412 4,531 4,389 4,425

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.1 33.0 35.2 37.5 35.8 35.6 36.5 35.4 35.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,622 3,455 3,598 3,706 3,666 3,606 3,701 3,690 3,676

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.9 27.9 29.0 29.6 29.5 29.1 29.9 29.8 29.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,019 630 763 994 777 807 830 699 749

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.9 15.4 17.5 21.1 17.5 18.3 18.3 15.9 16.9

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,322 30,755 30,787 30,322 30,651 30,685 30,719 30,755 30,787

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,690 18,675 18,717 18,714 18,558 18,654 18,756 18,720 18,715

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.6 60.7 60.8 61.7 60.5 60.8 61.1 60.9 60.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,226 16,682 16,618 16,194 16,310 16,416 16,437 16,556 16,564

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.5 54.2 54.0 53.4 53.2 53.5 53.5 53.8 53.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,464 1,993 2,099 2,520 2,249 2,237 2,319 2,164 2,151

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2 10.7 11.2 13.5 12.1 12.0 12.4 11.6 11.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,632 12,080 12,070 11,608 12,093 12,031 11,963 12,035 12,072

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,432 8,391 8,516 8,450 8,367 8,430 8,496 8,435 8,496

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.8 66.1 66.9 67.9 66.2 66.6 67.0 66.4 66.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,274 7,520 7,516 7,301 7,359 7,345 7,470 7,522 7,519

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.5 59.2 59.1 58.7 58.2 58.0 58.9 59.2 59.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,157 872 1,000 1,149 1,008 1,085 1,026 913 977

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.7 10.4 11.7 13.6 12.0 12.9 12.1 10.8 11.5

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,530 9,626 9,504 9,539 9,525 9,594 9,614 9,583 9,521

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.3 62.0 61.1 62.3 61.5 61.9 62.0 61.7 61.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,531 8,722 8,619 8,476 8,537 8,646 8,554 8,590 8,564

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.7 56.1 55.4 55.4 55.1 55.8 55.1 55.3 55.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 999 903 885 1,063 988 948 1,060 993 957

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.5 9.4 9.3 11.1 10.4 9.9 11.0 10.4 10.0

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 728 658 696 725 666 630 646 701 698

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.3 26.2 27.7 28.2 26.4 24.9 25.6 27.9 27.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420 440 483 417 413 425 413 443 481

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.3 17.5 19.2 16.2 16.4 16.9 16.4 17.6 19.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308 218 214 308 253 204 233 258 217

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.3 33.2 30.7 42.5 38.0 32.4 36.1 36.8 31.1

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,343 13,841 13,771 – – – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

May

2013

Apr.

2014

May

2014

May

2013

Jan.

2014

Feb.

2014

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014

May

2014

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,491 8,782 8,755 – – – – – –

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.6 63.4 63.6 – – – – – –

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,127 8,283 8,287 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.9 59.8 60.2 – – – – – –

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365 498 467 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 5.7 5.3 – – – – – –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,851 5,059 5,016 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are

introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

May

2013

Apr.

2014

May

2014

May

2013

Jan.

2014

Feb.

2014

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014

May

2014

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population................ 37,395 38,203 38,277 37,395 37,976 38,053 38,126 38,203 38,277

Civilian labor force................................ 24,872 25,028 25,183 24,824 25,053 25,061 25,266 25,055 25,108

Participation rate............................... 66.5 65.5 65.8 66.4 66.0 65.9 66.3 65.6 65.6

Employed....................................... 22,743 23,343 23,360 22,558 22,961 23,021 23,264 23,232 23,162

Employment-population ratio............... 60.8 61.1 61.0 60.3 60.5 60.5 61.0 60.8 60.5

Unemployed.................................... 2,129 1,685 1,823 2,266 2,092 2,040 2,002 1,824 1,946

Unemployment rate......................... 8.6 6.7 7.2 9.1 8.4 8.1 7.9 7.3 7.7

Not in labor force................................. 12,523 13,175 13,093 12,571 12,923 12,992 12,859 13,148 13,169

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 13,731 13,869 13,965 – – – – – –

Participation rate............................... 81.4 80.3 80.7 – – – – – –

Employed....................................... 12,737 13,080 13,100 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio............... 75.5 75.7 75.7 – – – – – –

Unemployed.................................... 995 789 865 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate......................... 7.2 5.7 6.2 – – – – – –

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 10,017 10,136 10,172 – – – – – –

Participation rate............................... 59.3 58.7 58.8 – – – – – –

Employed....................................... 9,203 9,462 9,404 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio............... 54.5 54.8 54.3 – – – – – –

Unemployed.................................... 815 674 767 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate......................... 8.1 6.6 7.5 – – – – – –

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................ 1,124 1,023 1,047 – – – – – –

Participation rate............................... 30.8 28.0 28.6 – – – – – –

Employed....................................... 804 801 856 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio............... 22.0 21.9 23.4 – – – – – –

Unemployed.................................... 320 222 191 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate......................... 28.5 21.7 18.2 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2013

Apr.

2014

May

2014

May

2013

Jan.

2014

Feb.

2014

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014

May

2014

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................. 11,483 10,946 11,131 11,205 11,004 11,154 11,199 10,891 10,861

Participation rate.................................. 45.9 44.9 45.3 44.8 44.5 46.2 45.9 44.6 44.2

Employed.......................................... 10,295 10,006 10,181 9,972 9,953 10,056 10,128 9,925 9,869

Employment-population ratio................. 41.2 41.0 41.5 39.9 40.2 41.7 41.5 40.7 40.2

Unemployed....................................... 1,188 940 950 1,232 1,051 1,098 1,071 965 993

Unemployment rate............................ 10.3 8.6 8.5 11.0 9.6 9.8 9.6 8.9 9.1

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................. 36,488 36,050 36,302 36,287 35,924 36,108 36,392 36,089 36,096

Participation rate.................................. 59.3 57.9 58.2 59.0 58.1 58.5 58.8 58.0 57.9

Employed.......................................... 33,963 33,890 34,091 33,612 33,593 33,792 34,106 33,830 33,750

Employment-population ratio................. 55.2 54.4 54.7 54.6 54.3 54.7 55.1 54.3 54.1

Unemployed....................................... 2,525 2,160 2,211 2,676 2,331 2,316 2,286 2,258 2,346

Unemployment rate............................ 6.9 6.0 6.1 7.4 6.5 6.4 6.3 6.3 6.5

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................. 37,189 37,176 37,001 37,371 36,992 37,169 37,158 37,364 37,178

Participation rate.................................. 68.0 66.9 66.8 68.3 67.3 66.9 67.1 67.3 67.2

Employed.......................................... 34,848 35,165 35,037 34,950 34,758 34,876 34,904 35,218 35,131

Employment-population ratio................. 63.7 63.3 63.3 63.9 63.3 62.8 63.0 63.4 63.5

Unemployed....................................... 2,341 2,011 1,964 2,421 2,234 2,293 2,254 2,146 2,047

Unemployment rate............................ 6.3 5.4 5.3 6.5 6.0 6.2 6.1 5.7 5.5

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................. 49,392 50,212 50,248 49,414 50,427 50,240 49,908 49,934 50,208

Participation rate.................................. 75.6 75.5 75.4 75.7 75.7 75.2 74.7 75.1 75.4

Employed.......................................... 47,623 48,684 48,760 47,536 48,797 48,543 48,198 48,279 48,611

Employment-population ratio................. 72.9 73.2 73.2 72.8 73.2 72.6 72.2 72.6 73.0

Unemployed....................................... 1,770 1,527 1,487 1,878 1,629 1,697 1,711 1,655 1,596

Unemployment rate............................ 3.6 3.0 3.0 3.8 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.2

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2

Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

May

2013

May

2014

May

2013

May

2014

May

2013

May

2014

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,439 21,213 19,217 18,963 2,222 2,250

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,203 10,667 9,768 9,300 1,435 1,367

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.3 50.3 50.8 49.0 64.6 60.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,459 10,129 9,110 8,840 1,349 1,288

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.8 47.7 47.4 46.6 60.7 57.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 744 538 658 459 86 79

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6 5.0 6.7 4.9 6.0 5.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,236 10,546 9,449 9,663 787 883

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,694 3,053 2,228 2,458 466 595

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,224 2,444 1,893 2,055 331 389

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.5 80.0 84.9 83.6 71.0 65.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,061 2,314 1,746 1,953 315 361

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.5 75.8 78.4 79.4 67.6 60.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 130 147 102 16 28

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 5.3 7.8 5.0 4.9 7.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470 609 335 403 135 206

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,470 3,407 2,742 2,705 728 702

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,879 2,794 2,309 2,283 570 511

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.0 82.0 84.2 84.4 78.4 72.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,729 2,647 2,193 2,174 536 473

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.6 77.7 80.0 80.4 73.7 67.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 147 116 108 34 39

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 5.3 5.0 4.7 6.0 7.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591 613 434 422 157 190

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,871 9,437 9,497 9,083 373 354

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,077 2,698 2,979 2,589 97 109

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.2 28.6 31.4 28.5 26.1 30.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,860 2,566 2,769 2,462 91 104

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.0 27.2 29.2 27.1 24.4 29.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 132 211 127 6 6

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 4.9 7.1 4.9 6.6 5.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,794 6,739 6,518 6,494 276 245

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,404 5,316 4,749 4,717 655 599

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,023 2,731 2,587 2,373 436 358

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.9 51.4 54.5 50.3 66.6 59.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,809 2,602 2,402 2,251 407 351

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.0 49.0 50.6 47.7 62.2 58.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 128 185 122 29 6

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 4.7 7.1 5.1 6.7 1.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,381 2,585 2,162 2,344 219 241

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215,051 217,547 94,694 96,090 120,357 121,457

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142,557 143,318 72,196 72,543 70,362 70,774

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.3 65.9 76.2 75.5 58.5 58.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132,557 134,856 66,844 68,122 65,713 66,734

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.6 62.0 70.6 70.9 54.6 54.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,000 8,462 5,351 4,421 4,649 4,040

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 5.9 7.4 6.1 6.6 5.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,494 74,229 22,498 23,546 49,995 50,682

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the

U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August

1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service

periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the

selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Beginning with data for January 2014, estimates for veterans incorporate updated

weighting procedures.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

May

2013

May

2014

May

2013

May

2014

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population...................................................... 28,552 29,005 216,811 218,617

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 5,903 5,649 149,831 150,192

Participation rate..................................................................... 20.7 19.5 69.1 68.7

Employed............................................................................. 5,099 4,934 139,333 141,464

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 17.9 17.0 64.3 64.7

Unemployed.......................................................................... 805 715 10,497 8,728

Unemployment rate............................................................... 13.6 12.7 7.0 5.8

Not in labor force....................................................................... 22,649 23,357 66,980 68,425

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,577 2,522 75,739 75,560

Participation rate..................................................................... 34.7 33.0 82.4 82.1

Employed............................................................................. 2,216 2,175 70,039 71,039

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 29.8 28.5 76.2 77.2

Unemployed.......................................................................... 360 347 5,701 4,521

Unemployment rate............................................................... 14.0 13.8 7.5 6.0

Not in labor force....................................................................... 4,853 5,111 16,158 16,497

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,342 2,104 66,780 67,191

Participation rate..................................................................... 29.6 27.1 70.3 70.4

Employed............................................................................. 1,949 1,801 62,330 63,338

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 24.7 23.2 65.7 66.4

Unemployed.......................................................................... 393 303 4,450 3,853

Unemployment rate............................................................... 16.8 14.4 6.7 5.7

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,560 5,655 28,161 28,195

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 984 1,022 7,311 7,441

Participation rate..................................................................... 7.4 7.5 24.4 23.9

Employed............................................................................. 933 957 6,965 7,087

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 7.1 7.0 23.2 22.7

Unemployed.......................................................................... 51 65 346 354

Unemployment rate............................................................... 5.2 6.4 4.7 4.8

Not in labor force....................................................................... 12,236 12,590 22,661 23,733

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty

seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or

emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as

visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

May

2013

May

2014

May

2013

May

2014

May

2013

May

2014

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 37,503 38,637 18,233 18,747 19,270 19,890

Civilian labor force.................................................. 24,958 25,392 14,386 14,780 10,572 10,613

Participation rate.................................................. 66.5 65.7 78.9 78.8 54.9 53.4

Employed.......................................................... 23,384 23,977 13,568 14,056 9,816 9,920

Employment-population ratio................................. 62.4 62.1 74.4 75.0 50.9 49.9

Unemployed....................................................... 1,574 1,416 818 723 756 692

Unemployment rate............................................ 6.3 5.6 5.7 4.9 7.2 6.5

Not in labor force.................................................... 12,545 13,245 3,847 3,967 8,698 9,278

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 207,860 208,985 100,160 100,835 107,700 108,150

Civilian labor force.................................................. 130,776 130,448 68,538 67,943 62,238 62,505

Participation rate.................................................. 62.9 62.4 68.4 67.4 57.8 57.8

Employed.......................................................... 121,048 122,421 63,040 63,562 58,008 58,859

Employment-population ratio................................. 58.2 58.6 62.9 63.0 53.9 54.4

Unemployed....................................................... 9,728 8,027 5,498 4,381 4,230 3,646

Unemployment rate............................................ 7.4 6.2 8.0 6.4 6.8 5.8

Not in labor force.................................................... 77,084 78,537 31,622 32,892 45,462 45,645

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States

or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born

in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2013

Apr.

2014

May

2014

May

2013

Jan.

2014

Feb.

2014

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014

May

2014

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................. 2,168 2,048 2,101 2,081 2,183 2,150 2,148 2,161 2,045

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 1,322 1,265 1,312 1,275 1,391 1,373 1,375 1,382 1,273

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 831 773 767 797 760 768 743 767 738

Unpaid family workers........................... 15 10 22 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries.......................... 142,263 143,718 144,297 141,860 142,970 143,132 143,543 143,531 143,843

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 133,483 135,119 135,781 133,166 134,384 134,428 134,745 134,860 135,355

Government..................................... 20,537 20,626 20,247 20,342 20,383 20,192 20,401 20,320 20,051

Private industries............................... 112,947 114,494 115,534 112,846 114,001 114,177 114,327 114,532 115,257

Private households.......................... 663 868 867 – – – – – –

Other industries.............................. 112,284 113,625 114,667 112,221 113,164 113,317 113,444 113,643 114,460

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 8,715 8,518 8,432 8,601 8,569 8,697 8,674 8,559 8,375

Unpaid family workers........................... 65 81 84 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 7,618 7,243 6,960 7,917 7,257 7,186 7,411 7,465 7,269

Slack work or business conditions............. 4,604 4,346 4,177 4,837 4,405 4,251 4,512 4,555 4,453

Could only find part-time work.................. 2,727 2,615 2,519 2,697 2,571 2,692 2,731 2,669 2,537

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 19,315 19,707 19,410 18,957 19,165 19,027 19,216 18,886 19,040

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 7,523 7,120 6,917 7,800 7,130 7,071 7,324 7,333 7,199

Slack work or business conditions............. 4,544 4,277 4,144 4,763 4,327 4,208 4,454 4,487 4,407

Could only find part-time work.................. 2,714 2,604 2,510 2,696 2,550 2,653 2,697 2,623 2,530

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 18,993 19,393 19,117 18,590 18,856 18,672 18,903 18,603 18,727

1

Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for

the entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business

conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or

training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to

34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2013

Apr.

2014

May

2014

May

2013

Jan.

2014

Feb.

2014

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014

May

2014

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144,432 145,767 146,398 143,919 145,224 145,266 145,742 145,669 145,814

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,364 4,256 4,473 4,459 4,399 4,303 4,503 4,479 4,550

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,415 1,325 1,413 1,500 1,608 1,512 1,591 1,472 1,494

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,949 2,931 3,060 2,957 2,776 2,830 2,922 3,016 3,052

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,067 141,511 141,924 139,460 140,825 140,963 141,238 141,190 141,264

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,339 13,765 13,855 13,443 13,761 13,704 13,905 13,879 13,952

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,728 127,745 128,069 126,044 126,992 127,260 127,246 127,211 127,277

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94,963 95,421 95,510 94,554 95,212 95,241 95,360 95,151 95,041

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,402 31,751 31,839 31,281 31,776 31,883 31,849 31,713 31,699

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,834 31,031 30,978 30,694 31,059 31,007 30,960 30,905 30,840

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,726 32,639 32,692 32,580 32,377 32,351 32,552 32,533 32,503

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,765 32,324 32,559 31,490 31,780 32,019 31,886 32,060 32,236

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,608 77,086 77,619 76,317 77,060 76,808 77,416 77,292 77,310

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,152 2,027 2,160 2,180 2,144 2,028 2,186 2,159 2,183

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654 571 656 690 762 673 706 644 689

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,498 1,457 1,504 1,490 1,369 1,375 1,481 1,516 1,492

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,456 75,059 75,459 74,137 74,916 74,780 75,230 75,134 75,127

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,900 7,099 7,155 6,932 7,032 7,005 7,223 7,206 7,194

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,557 67,960 68,303 67,191 67,769 67,731 67,961 67,875 67,915

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,867 50,903 51,105 50,605 50,926 50,810 51,101 50,909 50,837

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,997 17,132 17,166 16,948 17,123 17,218 17,340 17,185 17,110

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,732 16,674 16,762 16,646 16,760 16,613 16,706 16,657 16,676

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,138 17,097 17,177 17,011 17,043 16,980 17,055 17,066 17,052

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,689 17,056 17,199 16,586 16,843 16,921 16,860 16,966 17,079

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,824 68,680 68,779 67,602 68,163 68,458 68,325 68,376 68,504

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,213 2,228 2,313 2,279 2,255 2,275 2,317 2,320 2,367

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 762 754 757 810 845 839 885 828 805

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,451 1,474 1,556 1,467 1,407 1,455 1,441 1,500 1,560

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,611 66,452 66,466 65,323 65,909 66,183 66,008 66,057 66,137

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,440 6,666 6,700 6,511 6,729 6,700 6,683 6,672 6,758

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,171 59,786 59,766 58,853 59,223 59,529 59,285 59,336 59,362

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,096 44,518 44,405 43,949 44,286 44,431 44,259 44,242 44,205

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,405 14,619 14,673 14,333 14,653 14,665 14,509 14,528 14,589

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,102 14,357 14,216 14,048 14,299 14,395 14,254 14,247 14,164

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,588 15,542 15,516 15,568 15,334 15,371 15,497 15,466 15,451

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,076 15,268 15,361 14,904 14,937 15,098 15,026 15,094 15,157

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,284 44,449 44,776 44,155 44,187 44,292 44,483 44,525 44,608

Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,804 34,830 34,855 34,685 34,448 34,619 34,779 34,813 34,716

Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,557 9,602 9,563 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,643 118,073 119,179 116,288 117,656 117,819 118,003 118,415 118,727

Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,789 27,693 27,219 27,728 27,540 27,330 27,695 27,297 27,219

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,123 7,162 7,305 6,952 6,849 6,960 6,998 7,093 7,113

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 4.9 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,305 5,384 5,396 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,546 9,290 9,199 9,398 9,329 9,465 9,417 9,326 9,113

1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

May

2013

Apr.

2014

May

2014

May

2013

Jan.

2014

Feb.

2014

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014

May

2014

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over........................... 11,690 9,753 9,799 7.5 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.3 6.3

16 to 19 years..................................... 1,413 1,055 1,080 24.1 20.7 21.4 20.9 19.1 19.2

16 to 17 years.................................. 569 418 446 27.5 21.9 21.8 20.1 22.1 23.0

18 to 19 years.................................. 836 634 632 22.1 19.8 21.0 20.7 17.4 17.1

20 years and over................................ 10,277 8,698 8,719 6.9 6.1 6.2 6.2 5.8 5.8

20 to 24 years.................................. 2,040 1,642 1,743 13.2 11.9 11.9 12.2 10.6 11.1

25 years and over.............................. 8,250 6,984 7,013 6.1 5.4 5.5 5.4 5.2 5.2

25 to 54 years............................... 6,515 5,431 5,491 6.4 5.6 5.8 5.7 5.4 5.5

25 to 34 years............................. 2,427 2,251 2,272 7.2 6.8 7.0 6.8 6.6 6.7

35 to 44 years............................. 2,022 1,593 1,657 6.2 5.0 5.1 5.1 4.9 5.1

45 to 54 years............................. 2,066 1,588 1,562 6.0 5.1 5.1 5.0 4.7 4.6

55 years and over........................... 1,749 1,569 1,549 5.3 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.6

Men, 16 years and over............................ 6,526 5,294 5,280 7.9 6.8 7.0 6.8 6.4 6.4

16 to 19 years..................................... 797 576 577 26.8 22.6 24.3 24.1 21.1 20.9

16 to 17 years.................................. 315 236 230 31.4 23.0 25.0 25.2 26.8 25.0

18 to 19 years.................................. 472 333 341 24.1 22.0 24.2 23.0 18.0 18.6

20 years and over................................ 5,729 4,718 4,703 7.2 6.2 6.4 6.2 5.9 5.9

20 to 24 years.................................. 1,180 982 974 14.5 12.9 13.4 13.2 12.0 11.9

25 years and over.............................. 4,566 3,710 3,779 6.4 5.5 5.6 5.3 5.2 5.3

25 to 54 years............................... 3,556 2,865 2,957 6.6 5.7 5.8 5.5 5.3 5.5

25 to 34 years............................. 1,339 1,215 1,270 7.3 6.9 7.0 6.4 6.6 6.9

35 to 44 years............................. 1,080 831 895 6.1 5.0 5.2 5.0 4.8 5.1

45 to 54 years............................. 1,137 819 792 6.3 5.2 5.3 5.0 4.6 4.4

55 years and over........................... 1,011 845 822 5.7 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.7 4.6

Women, 16 years and over........................ 5,163 4,459 4,519 7.1 6.4 6.4 6.6 6.1 6.2

16 to 19 years..................................... 616 479 503 21.3 18.7 18.7 17.7 17.1 17.5

16 to 17 years.................................. 254 182 216 23.9 20.9 19.1 15.4 18.0 21.2

18 to 19 years.................................. 365 301 290 19.9 17.6 17.6 18.3 16.7 15.7

20 years and over................................ 4,548 3,980 4,016 6.5 5.9 5.9 6.2 5.7 5.7

20 to 24 years.................................. 860 660 768 11.7 10.9 10.3 11.1 9.0 10.2

25 years and over.............................. 3,683 3,274 3,235 5.9 5.3 5.4 5.6 5.2 5.2

25 to 54 years............................... 2,959 2,566 2,534 6.3 5.5 5.7 5.8 5.5 5.4

25 to 34 years............................. 1,088 1,036 1,002 7.1 6.6 7.1 7.3 6.7 6.4

35 to 44 years............................. 943 761 762 6.3 5.1 5.0 5.3 5.1 5.1

45 to 54 years............................. 929 769 770 5.6 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.7 4.7

55 years and over........................... 732 721 724 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.7 4.6 4.6

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present...................... 2,037 1,617 1,544 4.4 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.5 3.3

Married women, spouse present.................. 1,612 1,404 1,446 4.4 3.9 4.2 4.2 3.9 4.0

Women who maintain families1

.................... 1,044 897 873 9.9 9.1 9.1 9.0 8.5 8.4

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2................................... 9,919 8,206 8,175 7.9 6.9 7.0 7.0 6.5 6.4

Part-time workers3.................................. 1,742 1,500 1,591 5.9 5.1 5.6 5.4 5.2 5.5

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time

jobs.

3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from

part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2013

Apr.

2014

May

2014

May

2013

Jan.

2014

Feb.

2014

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014

May

2014

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 5,751 4,972 4,613 6,094 5,407 5,448 5,489 5,236 5,018

On temporary layoff.............................. 768 931 770 980 986 1,036 1,051 1,021 1,003

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 4,983 4,041 3,843 5,114 4,421 4,412 4,438 4,215 4,015

Permanent job losers.......................... 3,728 2,996 2,843 3,794 3,341 3,230 3,295 3,077 2,946

Persons who completed temporary jobs. . .. 1,255 1,045 1,000 1,321 1,080 1,182 1,143 1,138 1,069

Job leavers........................................... 882 751 819 944 818 823 815 784 875

Reentrants............................................ 3,459 2,425 3,000 3,326 2,937 2,997 3,037 2,620 2,857

New entrants......................................... 1,210 932 1,009 1,257 1,184 1,229 1,169 1,043 1,062

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 50.9 54.8 48.9 52.4 52.3 51.9 52.2 54.1 51.1

On temporary layoff.............................. 6.8 10.3 8.2 8.4 9.5 9.9 10.0 10.5 10.2

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 44.1 44.5 40.7 44.0 42.7 42.0 42.2 43.5 40.9

Job leavers........................................... 7.8 8.3 8.7 8.1 7.9 7.8 7.8 8.1 8.9

Reentrants............................................ 30.6 26.7 31.8 28.6 28.4 28.5 28.9 27.1 29.1

New entrants......................................... 10.7 10.3 10.7 10.8 11.4 11.7 11.1 10.8 10.8

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 3.7 3.2 3.0 3.9 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.2

Job leavers........................................... 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6

Reentrants............................................ 2.2 1.6 1.9 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.8

New entrants......................................... 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2013

Apr.

2014

May

2014

May

2013

Jan.

2014

Feb.

2014

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014

May

2014

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 2,710 1,993 2,617 2,704 2,434 2,373 2,461 2,447 2,559

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 2,141 1,946 1,928 2,642 2,429 2,568 2,581 2,359 2,390

15 weeks and over.................................. 6,451 5,139 4,898 6,287 5,336 5,464 5,417 4,985 4,814

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 2,084 1,653 1,532 1,934 1,689 1,615 1,677 1,533 1,441

27 weeks and over............................... 4,366 3,486 3,366 4,353 3,646 3,849 3,739 3,452 3,374

Average (mean) duration, in weeks............... 38.6 37.1 35.9 36.9 35.4 37.1 35.6 35.1 34.5

Median duration, in weeks......................... 18.8 18.4 15.9 16.9 16.0 16.4 16.3 16.0 14.6

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 24.0 22.0 27.7 23.2 23.9 22.8 23.5 25.0 26.2

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 18.9 21.4 20.4 22.7 23.8 24.7 24.7 24.1 24.5

15 weeks and over.................................. 57.1 56.6 51.9 54.0 52.3 52.5 51.8 50.9 49.3

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 18.4 18.2 16.2 16.6 16.6 15.5 16.0 15.7 14.8

27 weeks and over............................... 38.6 38.4 35.6 37.4 35.8 37.0 35.8 35.3 34.6

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

May

2013

May

2014

May

2013

May

2014

May

2013

May

2014

Total, 16 years and over1............................................. 144,432 146,398 11,302 9,443 7.3 6.1

Management, professional, and related occupations........... 54,740 56,202 1,990 1,795 3.5 3.1

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations..................................................... 22,657 23,145 888 802 3.8 3.3

Professional and related occupations.......................... 32,083 33,057 1,102 993 3.3 2.9

Service occupations................................................ 26,220 26,173 2,526 1,952 8.8 6.9

Sales and office occupations...................................... 33,231 33,530 2,474 2,254 6.9 6.3

Sales and related occupations.................................. 15,320 15,861 1,174 1,161 7.1 6.8

Office and administrative support occupations............... 17,911 17,669 1,300 1,093 6.8 5.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations........................................................ 13,193 13,499 1,327 1,098 9.1 7.5

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.................... 1,020 1,008 64 110 5.9 9.8

Construction and extraction occupations...................... 7,128 7,692 942 797 11.7 9.4

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations........... 5,045 4,799 321 192 6.0 3.8

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations........................................................ 17,048 16,994 1,744 1,312 9.3 7.2

Production occupations.......................................... 8,183 8,252 864 630 9.6 7.1

Transportation and material moving occupations............ 8,864 8,742 880 682 9.0 7.2

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

May

2013

May

2014

May

2013

May

2014

Total, 16 years and over1................................................................ 11,302 9,443 7.3 6.1

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers.................................. 8,655 7,243 7.1 5.9

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.................................... 66 26 5.9 2.6

Construction.......................................................................... 891 747 10.8 8.6

Manufacturing........................................................................ 1,056 826 6.8 5.3

Durable goods..................................................................... 640 516 6.7 5.2

Nondurable goods................................................................ 416 310 7.0 5.5

Wholesale and retail trade......................................................... 1,466 1,313 7.3 6.4

Transportation and utilities......................................................... 371 321 6.0 5.2

Information............................................................................ 187 163 6.4 5.5

Financial activities................................................................... 417 456 4.4 4.8

Professional and business services............................................... 1,255 1,028 8.0 6.5

Education and health services..................................................... 1,058 876 4.8 3.9

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 1,455 1,113 10.4 8.1

Other services........................................................................ 433 372 6.7 5.7

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers......................... 92 102 6.8 7.4

Government workers................................................................... 811 622 3.8 3.0

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............ 534 467 5.3 4.8

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2013

Apr.

2014

May

2014

May

2013

Jan.

2014

Feb.

2014

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014

May

2014

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,

as a percent of the civilian labor force......... 4.1 3.3 3.1 4.0 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.1

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force......................................... 3.7 3.2 3.0 3.9 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.2

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate)................................................ 7.3 5.9 6.1 7.5 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.3 6.3

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged

workers, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus discouraged workers................. 7.7 6.3 6.5 8.0 7.1 7.2 7.1 6.7 6.7

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged

workers, plus all other persons marginally

attached to the labor force, as a percent of

the civilian labor force plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . .. 8.5 7.2 7.3 8.8 8.1 8.1 8.0 7.6 7.6

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic

reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus all persons marginally attached to

the labor force..................................... 13.4 11.8 11.7 13.8 12.7 12.6 12.7 12.3 12.2

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and

are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have

given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are

available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

May

2013

May

2014

May

2013

May

2014

May

2013

May

2014

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force........................................... 89,629 91,782 35,469 36,859 54,160 54,923

Persons who currently want a job................................ 7,193 7,031 3,313 3,261 3,880 3,770

Marginally attached to the labor force1........................ 2,164 2,130 1,081 1,066 1,083 1,064

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 780 697 424 422 356 275

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. .. 1,384 1,433 657 644 727 789

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4

............................................. 7,123 7,305 3,570 3,647 3,553 3,658

Percent of total employed.......................................... 4.9 5.0 4.7 4.7 5.2 5.3

Primary job full time, secondary job part time................... 3,704 3,875 2,082 2,147 1,622 1,727

Primary and secondary jobs both part time..................... 1,954 2,026 689 681 1,265 1,345

Primary and secondary jobs both full time....................... 191 260 117 180 74 80

Hours vary on primary or secondary job......................... 1,237 1,123 671 625 566 499

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference

week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks

schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and

transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4

Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

Change

from:

Apr.2014 -

May2014p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136,793 137,147 138,272 139,192 136,084 137,964 138,246 138,463 217

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,545 114,884 115,970 116,929 114,232 116,108 116,378 116,594 216

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,701 18,558 18,797 19,044 18,671 18,945 18,991 19,009 18

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 859 884 895 904 861 896 904 906 2

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.9 52.8 50.7 52.2 52.5 55.4 54.3 53.9 -0.4

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 808.4 830.8 844.2 851.5 808.8 841.0 849.7 851.8 2.1

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195.0 206.2 208.1 210.1 195.7 207.5 208.9 210.5 1.6

Mining, except oil and gas1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213.5 205.8 210.3 214.4 210.7 211.9 212.6 211.8 -0.8

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.4 77.7 78.1 78.6 78.6 77.9 78.3 78.0 -0.3

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399.9 418.8 425.8 427.0 402.4 421.6 428.2 429.5 1.3

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,855 5,656 5,869 6,049 5,816 5,964 5,998 6,004 6

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,276.1 1,286.2 1,315.9 1,341.8 1,280.4 1,336.8 1,347.0 1,347.0 0.0

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 611.0 621.7 640.4 657.3 609.1 650.0 656.0 656.1 0.1

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 665.1 664.5 675.5 684.5 671.3 686.8 691.0 690.9 -0.1

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . 904.8 823.8 886.5 939.5 882.1 904.3 911.5 914.7 3.2

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,674.3 3,545.5 3,666.5 3,767.4 3,653.7 3,723.3 3,739.3 3,742.1 2.8

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . 1,557.1 1,505.9 1,565.4 1,616.9 1,543.8 1,591.6 1,599.2 1,602.4 3.2

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 2,117.2 2,039.6 2,101.1 2,150.5 2,109.9 2,131.7 2,140.1 2,139.7 -0.4

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,987 12,018 12,033 12,091 11,994 12,085 12,089 12,099 10

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,538 7,587 7,601 7,644 7,531 7,613 7,619 7,636 17

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350.4 358.0 363.6 367.8 350.0 363.8 366.4 367.5 1.1

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377.0 371.4 380.5 389.3 373.0 381.5 383.2 384.4 1.2

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397.2 396.6 398.0 400.2 396.2 397.3 397.7 398.8 1.1

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,430.3 1,440.2 1,446.9 1,454.3 1,427.8 1,446.9 1,450.0 1,451.8 1.8

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,102.3 1,115.2 1,119.1 1,122.8 1,103.1 1,116.1 1,120.4 1,123.1 2.7

Computer and electronic products1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,067.1 1,055.7 1,051.5 1,053.7 1,069.3 1,058.4 1,055.4 1,055.5 0.1

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . 157.5 161.9 162.4 161.9 158.2 162.3 162.7 162.3 -0.4

Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.2 99.5 99.1 97.7 103.4 99.6 99.4 98.1 -1.3

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374.1 368.6 366.5 368.1 375.1 369.8 368.1 369.1 1.0

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393.6 387.7 385.1 387.4 393.9 388.3 386.6 387.5 0.9

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . 373.5 374.8 375.2 374.5 374.1 376.2 376.3 375.3 -1.0

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,503.3 1,533.9 1,525.5 1,533.9 1,501.1 1,525.8 1,524.9 1,531.3 6.4

Motor vehicles and parts2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 815.9 851.1 843.8 850.2 813.6 843.3 843.6 848.6 5.0

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358.0 362.5 363.7 367.9 357.0 364.8 365.1 367.0 1.9

Miscellaneous durable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 578.5 578.4 577.1 579.8 579.7 582.0 580.0 580.9 0.9

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,449 4,431 4,432 4,447 4,463 4,472 4,470 4,463 -7

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,455.2 1,458.0 1,454.8 1,457.9 1,472.2 1,484.8 1,482.3 1,477.4 -4.9

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.7 116.9 117.1 116.5 116.3 117.0 117.1 116.5 -0.6

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112.8 110.7 110.4 110.1 112.7 111.1 110.7 110.1 -0.6

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143.6 135.6 134.8 132.5 142.5 135.3 134.3 132.0 -2.3

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378.6 374.5 374.6 375.6 379.6 376.5 376.6 376.5 -0.1

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . 449.0 440.7 441.5 440.8 448.9 441.8 441.9 440.8 -1.1

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.6 110.5 111.2 113.4 110.0 112.8 112.1 112.0 -0.1

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 793.9 797.4 796.7 801.2 793.9 797.5 797.9 800.1 2.2

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 658.7 659.2 661.2 665.1 657.6 660.8 662.6 663.7 1.1

Miscellaneous nondurable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228.6 227.6 229.6 233.7 228.8 234.6 234.0 233.9 -0.1

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95,844 96,326 97,173 97,885 95,561 97,163 97,387 97,585 198

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,697 25,883 26,063 26,266 25,760 26,224 26,294 26,333 39

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,741.1 5,803.7 5,838.5 5,874.2 5,731.7 5,837.6 5,853.8 5,863.7 9.9

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,866.3 2,917.2 2,924.4 2,940.1 2,867.3 2,928.6 2,934.1 2,940.6 6.5

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,989.9 1,985.6 2,006.2 2,018.6 1,979.4 2,002.9 2,009.0 2,008.2 -0.8

Electronic markets and agents and

brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 884.9 900.9 907.9 915.5 885.0 906.1 910.7 914.9 4.2

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,924.9 15,004.0 15,131.7 15,238.3 15,001.7 15,263.5 15,306.6 15,319.1 12.5

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,789.3 1,822.9 1,841.7 1,853.5 1,779.6 1,836.1 1,841.8 1,844.7 2.9

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,130.1 1,157.5 1,162.3 1,172.8 1,128.2 1,163.2 1,164.2 1,171.0 6.8

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

Change

from:

Apr.2014 -

May2014p

Retail trade - Continued

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . 439.0 442.2 443.1 443.2 445.0 448.6 448.8 449.2 0.4

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 482.6 497.8 488.9 480.8 492.4 503.0 498.8 493.7 -5.1

Building material and garden supply

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,269.4 1,207.2 1,269.5 1,296.9 1,194.9 1,218.9 1,225.6 1,223.8 -1.8

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,914.4 2,957.8 2,977.2 3,000.9 2,917.8 2,992.9 3,005.1 3,006.8 1.7

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,008.6 1,008.4 1,006.0 1,014.2 1,013.0 1,015.7 1,014.2 1,018.7 4.5

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 863.8 859.7 866.6 875.8 864.9 873.7 874.4 876.2 1.8

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . 1,336.2 1,338.5 1,350.9 1,357.7 1,386.3 1,397.2 1,403.8 1,406.3 2.5

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573.3 574.6 574.9 576.4 588.7 594.5 595.8 593.8 -2.0

General merchandise stores1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,002.6 3,053.9 3,055.5 3,062.0 3,058.9 3,106.4 3,112.4 3,117.7 5.3

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,304.8 1,301.3 1,298.8 1,298.7 1,346.9 1,340.6 1,338.8 1,339.1 0.3

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799.5 774.1 786.1 805.5 800.8 798.3 801.2 804.5 3.3

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446.2 466.9 471.3 471.4 459.4 478.2 484.7 483.7 -1.0

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,477.4 4,524.8 4,543.0 4,602.1 4,474.0 4,571.1 4,583.2 4,599.6 16.4

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450.0 455.2 454.9 458.5 448.5 456.6 455.1 456.6 1.5

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232.8 232.7 234.6 234.8 231.9 233.2 233.9 233.8 -0.1

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.6 65.3 66.7 68.2 65.5 66.8 67.5 68.0 0.5

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,381.3 1,367.7 1,384.6 1,403.7 1,378.5 1,394.0 1,399.4 1,400.9 1.5

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464.2 468.3 466.8 468.7 445.8 453.8 451.5 451.1 -0.4

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.1 45.1 45.2 45.2 44.0 45.2 45.6 45.2 -0.4

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . 31.0 23.8 26.7 33.4 29.0 29.3 29.6 31.0 1.4

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . 588.9 599.8 605.8 613.4 589.7 603.7 607.9 613.4 5.5

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 522.3 541.0 531.4 545.2 536.4 555.7 557.2 560.9 3.7

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 697.2 725.9 726.3 731.0 704.7 732.8 735.5 738.7 3.2

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553.9 550.3 549.8 551.7 552.9 551.7 550.8 550.7 -0.1

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,701 2,653 2,654 2,665 2,686 2,659 2,660 2,655 -5

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . 731.5 726.5 726.5 724.6 735.0 728.9 728.5 727.9 -0.6

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375.6 313.0 311.3 316.8 356.1 315.0 312.5 303.3 -9.2

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283.2 287.5 288.9 289.4 284.4 287.7 288.4 290.0 1.6

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 850.6 854.4 853.3 856.9 852.9 854.6 855.1 858.3 3.2

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267.9 267.8 269.8 269.9 265.1 268.0 268.8 267.8 -1.0

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192.0 203.3 204.4 207.2 192.5 204.8 206.2 207.6 1.4

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,869 7,870 7,888 7,917 7,872 7,910 7,916 7,919 3

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,863.9 5,868.9 5,862.3 5,865.6 5,874.5 5,876.8 5,875.8 5,876.1 0.3

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . 17.8 18.0 18.0 18.1 18.0 18.2 18.2 18.3 0.1

Credit intermediation and related

activities1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,619.7 2,571.1 2,564.8 2,564.4 2,623.9 2,575.8 2,570.1 2,568.8 -1.3

Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . . 1,733.3 1,705.0 1,701.1 1,699.6 1,735.5 1,707.4 1,703.5 1,701.7 -1.8

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,310.0 1,280.9 1,276.6 1,272.5 1,312.7 1,281.4 1,278.4 1,275.1 -3.3

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . . 861.4 870.5 871.0 869.1 864.2 870.8 872.4 872.1 -0.3

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . 2,365.0 2,409.3 2,408.5 2,414.0 2,368.4 2,412.0 2,415.1 2,416.9 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,004.9 2,000.6 2,025.5 2,051.1 1,997.5 2,033.4 2,040.3 2,042.7 2.4

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,456.3 1,458.3 1,470.6 1,481.0 1,453.9 1,478.4 1,479.0 1,479.0 0.0

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525.4 520.2 532.8 548.0 520.1 532.7 539.0 541.3 2.3

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . 23.2 22.1 22.1 22.1 23.5 22.3 22.3 22.4 0.1

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,510 18,832 19,066 19,153 18,511 19,020 19,091 19,146 55

Professional and technical services1

. . . . . . . . . . . 8,059.8 8,326.6 8,362.2 8,266.1 8,114.6 8,265.4 8,290.8 8,315.5 24.7

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,131.3 1,134.4 1,131.8 1,132.1 1,133.8 1,137.8 1,135.7 1,135.0 -0.7

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . 888.3 1,052.3 1,040.9 902.1 934.1 936.2 939.8 943.9 4.1

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . 1,350.0 1,369.1 1,379.5 1,394.3 1,350.3 1,386.8 1,390.2 1,394.7 4.5

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,688.8 1,728.6 1,745.9 1,753.5 1,692.9 1,739.3 1,750.0 1,756.6 6.6

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,169.3 1,199.1 1,207.4 1,218.2 1,170.4 1,209.1 1,212.2 1,219.0 6.8

Management of companies and enterprises. . . 2,086.8 2,112.8 2,123.0 2,131.4 2,090.9 2,120.7 2,132.7 2,134.5 1.8

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

Change

from:

Apr.2014 -

May2014p

Professional and business services - Continued

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,363.4 8,392.2 8,580.4 8,755.6 8,305.2 8,634.0 8,667.6 8,695.5 27.9

Administrative and support services1. . . . . . . . 7,986.8 8,021.5 8,205.9 8,376.7 7,928.9 8,255.8 8,289.2 8,317.0 27.8

Employment services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,285.2 3,427.2 3,481.9 3,556.0 3,300.9 3,528.6 3,550.9 3,571.1 20.2

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,622.7 2,741.2 2,785.8 2,849.5 2,635.4 2,828.9 2,844.9 2,859.2 14.3

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 841.5 858.5 854.5 850.2 849.9 860.1 860.5 859.1 -1.4

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . 1,954.8 1,802.3 1,924.3 2,009.6 1,874.9 1,923.6 1,926.3 1,929.5 3.2

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376.6 370.7 374.5 378.9 376.3 378.2 378.4 378.5 0.1

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,127 21,481 21,539 21,504 21,069 21,330 21,369 21,432 63

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,391.5 3,539.1 3,561.2 3,447.2 3,354.8 3,383.2 3,393.9 3,401.5 7.6

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,735.2 17,941.4 17,977.6 18,056.4 17,714.0 17,946.8 17,975.3 18,030.2 54.9

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,475.4 14,624.9 14,646.9 14,695.3 14,482.9 14,650.0 14,668.0 14,701.6 33.6

Ambulatory health care services1. . . . . . . . . 6,465.5 6,597.3 6,615.9 6,646.6 6,466.9 6,611.4 6,623.0 6,646.1 23.1

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,425.5 2,473.9 2,476.3 2,480.3 2,431.9 2,477.3 2,482.1 2,485.7 3.6

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676.9 705.9 710.7 716.7 676.3 706.6 711.0 715.2 4.2

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,233.0 1,265.7 1,270.6 1,279.8 1,230.9 1,269.6 1,271.7 1,278.4 6.7

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,784.0 4,792.7 4,786.2 4,795.3 4,792.0 4,794.6 4,796.2 4,803.1 6.9

Nursing and residential care facilities1

. . . . 3,225.9 3,234.9 3,244.8 3,253.4 3,224.0 3,244.0 3,248.8 3,252.4 3.6

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,654.6 1,644.1 1,650.0 1,653.4 1,653.7 1,648.8 1,651.8 1,652.3 0.5

Social assistance1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,259.8 3,316.5 3,330.7 3,361.1 3,231.1 3,296.8 3,307.3 3,328.6 21.3

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 868.2 876.1 878.6 890.1 842.4 855.2 856.6 860.1 3.5

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,453 14,143 14,462 14,845 14,198 14,526 14,550 14,589 39

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,103.6 1,939.7 2,033.8 2,167.4 2,026.6 2,087.8 2,085.9 2,090.5 4.6

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . 439.8 420.9 448.8 459.0 417.5 436.3 436.4 436.3 -0.1

Museums, historical sites, and similar

institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143.9 134.5 139.8 149.5 138.5 142.3 142.1 143.6 1.5

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . 1,519.9 1,384.3 1,445.2 1,558.9 1,470.6 1,509.2 1,507.4 1,510.6 3.2

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . 12,349.1 12,203.2 12,428.0 12,677.6 12,171.4 12,438.2 12,463.7 12,498.1 34.4

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,864.7 1,805.9 1,828.5 1,881.5 1,861.3 1,872.4 1,874.3 1,877.0 2.7

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 10,484.4 10,397.3 10,599.5 10,796.1 10,310.1 10,565.8 10,589.4 10,621.1 31.7

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,487 5,464 5,501 5,535 5,465 5,494 5,507 5,511 4

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,218.9 1,209.0 1,220.1 1,226.5 1,211.6 1,212.8 1,216.8 1,218.0 1.2

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,350.5 1,351.7 1,365.3 1,378.5 1,337.1 1,359.2 1,363.2 1,365.0 1.8

Membership associations and organizations. . . 2,917.7 2,903.4 2,915.4 2,930.2 2,916.3 2,922.0 2,927.3 2,927.5 0.2

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,248 22,263 22,302 22,263 21,852 21,856 21,868 21,869 1

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,776.0 2,705.0 2,717.0 2,714.0 2,768.0 2,713.0 2,710.0 2,705.0 -5.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,186.8 2,117.6 2,118.5 2,126.4 2,179.5 2,125.4 2,121.0 2,118.2 -2.8

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589.0 587.1 598.7 588.0 588.9 587.9 588.6 587.0 -1.6

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,078.0 5,217.0 5,229.0 5,090.0 5,047.0 5,064.0 5,067.0 5,062.0 -5.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,417.3 2,565.2 2,573.0 2,423.9 2,393.8 2,406.5 2,408.6 2,403.3 -5.3

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 2,660.5 2,651.8 2,656.4 2,666.1 2,653.0 2,657.7 2,658.0 2,658.8 0.8

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,394.0 14,341.0 14,356.0 14,459.0 14,037.0 14,079.0 14,091.0 14,102.0 11.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,134.7 8,147.8 8,145.0 8,147.0 7,769.3 7,781.4 7,793.8 7,787.2 -6.6

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 6,259.0 6,193.1 6,210.8 6,312.3 6,267.3 6,297.1 6,296.9 6,314.9 18.0

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3

Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminar
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 34.5 34.5 34.5 34.5

Goods-producing.................................................................... 40.4 40.7 40.5 40.6

Mining and logging................................................................ 43.8 45.6 44.5 44.4

Construction....................................................................... 39.2 39.1 39.1 38.9

Manufacturing..................................................................... 40.8 41.1 40.9 41.1

Durable goods.................................................................. 41.2 41.4 41.4 41.6

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 40.2 40.4 40.0 40.2

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 34.6 34.4 34.5 34.5

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.8 38.9 38.8 39.0

Retail trade...................................................................... 31.6 31.2 31.4 31.2

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.6 38.6 38.7 38.6

Utilities........................................................................... 42.2 42.4 42.3 42.3

Information......................................................................... 36.7 37.0 37.0 37.0

Financial activities................................................................ 37.2 37.3 37.1 37.3

Professional and business services............................................ 36.1 36.3 36.2 36.3

Education and health services.................................................. 32.8 32.6 32.8 32.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 26.0 26.2 26.1 26.1

Other services..................................................................... 31.9 31.8 31.8 31.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.5

Durable goods....................................................................... 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.6

Nondurable goods................................................................... 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

Total private............................................... $23.89 $24.32 $24.33 $24.38 $824.21 $839.04 $839.39 $841.11

Goods-producing....................................... 25.06 25.59 25.57 25.61 1,012.42 1,041.51 1,035.59 1,039.77

Mining and logging.................................. 29.50 30.84 30.78 30.95 1,292.10 1,406.30 1,369.71 1,374.18

Construction.......................................... 26.05 26.50 26.55 26.59 1,021.16 1,036.15 1,038.11 1,034.35

Manufacturing........................................ 24.26 24.73 24.67 24.72 989.81 1,016.40 1,009.00 1,015.99

Durable goods.................................... 25.67 26.11 26.02 26.05 1,057.60 1,080.95 1,077.23 1,083.68

Nondurable goods................................ 21.83 22.33 22.31 22.35 877.57 902.13 892.40 898.47

Private service-providing.............................. 23.61 24.01 24.03 24.09 786.21 799.53 800.20 804.61

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 20.92 21.33 21.37 21.42 723.83 733.75 737.27 738.99

Wholesale trade.................................. 27.59 28.02 28.10 28.10 1,070.49 1,089.98 1,090.28 1,095.90

Retail trade........................................ 16.59 16.87 16.93 16.96 524.24 526.34 531.60 529.15

Transportation and warehousing............... 22.27 22.85 22.95 22.95 859.62 882.01 888.17 885.87

Utilities............................................. 35.14 35.65 35.43 35.56 1,482.91 1,511.56 1,498.69 1,504.19

Information........................................... 32.67 33.65 33.87 33.82 1,198.99 1,245.05 1,253.19 1,251.34

Financial activities................................... 30.01 30.61 30.55 30.60 1,116.37 1,141.75 1,133.41 1,141.38

Professional and business services.............. 28.48 28.99 29.01 29.11 1,028.13 1,052.34 1,050.16 1,056.69

Education and health services..................... 24.37 24.59 24.60 24.63 799.34 801.63 806.88 807.86

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 13.45 13.73 13.75 13.78 349.70 359.73 358.88 359.66

Other services....................................... 21.30 21.74 21.74 21.77 679.47 691.33 691.33 692.29

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

Percent

change

from:

Apr.

2014 -

May

2014p

May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

Percent

change

from:

Apr.

2014 -

May

2014p

Total private..................................... 98.5 100.1 100.4 100.6 0.2 112.3 116.2 116.5 117.0 0.4

Goods-producing............................. 85.9 87.8 87.6 87.9 0.3 97.3 101.6 101.3 101.8 0.5

Mining and logging........................ 118.5 128.4 126.4 126.4 0.0 140.4 159.0 156.2 157.1 0.6

Construction................................ 78.6 80.4 80.8 80.5 -0.4 89.0 92.6 93.3 93.0 -0.3

Manufacturing.............................. 88.0 89.4 89.0 89.5 0.6 99.3 102.8 102.1 102.8 0.7

Durable goods........................... 87.4 88.7 88.8 89.4 0.7 99.6 102.9 102.6 103.5 0.9

Nondurable goods...................... 89.5 90.2 89.2 89.5 0.3 99.2 102.2 101.0 101.5 0.5

Private service-providing.................... 101.8 103.5 103.8 104.3 0.5 116.6 120.5 120.9 121.8 0.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 96.9 98.1 98.7 98.8 0.1 109.1 112.6 113.5 113.9 0.4

Wholesale trade......................... 97.0 99.1 99.1 99.8 0.7 111.7 115.9 116.2 117.0 0.7

Retail trade.............................. 96.3 96.7 97.6 97.1 -0.5 105.6 107.9 109.3 108.9 -0.4

Transportation and warehousing...... 98.8 101.0 101.5 101.6 0.1 111.7 117.1 118.2 118.3 0.1

Utilities.................................... 100.9 101.2 100.8 100.8 0.0 117.2 119.2 118.0 118.4 0.3

Information................................. 90.0 89.8 89.9 89.7 -0.2 104.7 107.7 108.4 108.0 -0.4

Financial activities......................... 95.9 96.6 96.2 96.7 0.5 112.3 115.4 114.6 115.5 0.8

Professional and business services..... 105.1 108.6 108.7 109.3 0.6 121.3 127.5 127.7 128.9 0.9

Education and health services........... 110.9 111.6 112.5 112.8 0.3 127.3 129.3 130.4 130.9 0.4

Leisure and hospitality.................... 105.3 108.6 108.4 108.6 0.2 114.3 120.3 120.2 120.8 0.5

Other services............................. 96.6 96.8 97.0 97.1 0.1 116.8 119.4 119.7 120.0 0.3

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

Total nonfarm............................................. 67,265 68,160 68,307 68,393 49.4 49.4 49.4 49.4

Total private............................................ 54,803 55,681 55,818 55,912 48.0 48.0 48.0 48.0

Goods-producing.................................... 4,115 4,152 4,157 4,162 22.0 21.9 21.9 21.9

Mining and logging............................... 117 119 121 121 13.6 13.3 13.4 13.4

Construction....................................... 744 757 759 760 12.8 12.7 12.7 12.7

Manufacturing..................................... 3,254 3,276 3,277 3,281 27.1 27.1 27.1 27.1

Durable goods.................................. 1,738 1,752 1,754 1,761 23.1 23.0 23.0 23.1

Nondurable goods............................. 1,516 1,524 1,523 1,520 34.0 34.1 34.1 34.1

Private service-providing........................... 50,688 51,529 51,661 51,750 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............. 10,415 10,626 10,655 10,661 40.4 40.5 40.5 40.5

Wholesale trade................................ 1,695.8 1,721.6 1,728.4 1,728.4 29.6 29.5 29.5 29.5

Retail trade..................................... 7,531.0 7,690.1 7,710.6 7,715.5 50.2 50.4 50.4 50.4

Transportation and warehousing............. 1,051.5 1,079.7 1,082.6 1,083.5 23.5 23.6 23.6 23.6

Utilities........................................... 136.9 134.1 133.6 133.8 24.8 24.3 24.3 24.3

Information......................................... 1,070 1,068 1,068 1,066 39.8 40.2 40.2 40.2

Financial activities................................ 4,538 4,536 4,539 4,533 57.6 57.3 57.3 57.2

Professional and business services............ 8,232 8,494 8,533 8,556 44.5 44.7 44.7 44.7

Education and health services.................. 16,189 16,378 16,413 16,456 76.8 76.8 76.8 76.8

Leisure and hospitality........................... 7,382 7,547 7,566 7,586 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.0

Other services..................................... 2,862 2,880 2,887 2,892 52.4 52.4 52.4 52.5

Government............................................. 12,462 12,479 12,489 12,481 57.0 57.1 57.1 57.1

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

Total private............................................................................... 94,352 95,993 96,233 96,395

Goods-producing....................................................................... 13,421 13,657 13,702 13,697

Mining and logging.................................................................. 632 658 665 665

Construction.......................................................................... 4,392 4,511 4,542 4,532

Manufacturing........................................................................ 8,397 8,488 8,495 8,500

Durable goods..................................................................... 5,169 5,236 5,245 5,253

Nondurable goods................................................................ 3,228 3,252 3,250 3,247

Private service-providing.............................................................. 80,931 82,336 82,531 82,698

Trade, transportation, and utilities................................................. 21,792 22,161 22,219 22,242

Wholesale trade................................................................... 4,619.2 4,713.8 4,737.6 4,741.6

Retail trade........................................................................ 12,860.9 13,047.1 13,072.4 13,077.2

Transportation and warehousing................................................ 3,865.5 3,953.3 3,963.2 3,977.8

Utilities.............................................................................. 446.2 446.4 445.6 445.3

Information............................................................................ 2,180 2,155 2,157 2,155

Financial activities................................................................... 6,059 6,099 6,109 6,113

Professional and business services............................................... 15,304 15,784 15,845 15,897

Education and health services..................................................... 18,488 18,730 18,764 18,819

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 12,548 12,828 12,848 12,878

Other services........................................................................ 4,560 4,579 4,589 4,594

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.7

Goods-producing.................................................................... 41.4 41.5 41.4 41.5

Mining and logging................................................................ 46.1 47.7 47.1 47.0

Construction....................................................................... 39.9 39.6 39.7 39.5

Manufacturing..................................................................... 41.8 42.0 41.9 42.1

Durable goods.................................................................. 42.2 42.4 42.4 42.6

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 41.2 41.4 41.2 41.3

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 33.9 33.5 33.6 33.6

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.9 38.7 38.6 38.7

Retail trade...................................................................... 30.4 29.9 30.0 29.9

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.5 38.4 38.5 38.6

Utilities........................................................................... 41.9 42.1 42.2 42.0

Information......................................................................... 36.0 36.2 36.2 36.2

Financial activities................................................................ 36.7 36.8 36.6 36.7

Professional and business services............................................ 35.3 35.5 35.5 35.5

Education and health services.................................................. 32.2 32.0 32.1 32.0

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 25.0 25.2 25.2 25.2

Other services..................................................................... 30.8 30.8 30.7 30.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 4.3 4.5 4.4 4.6

Durable goods....................................................................... 4.3 4.6 4.6 4.8

Nondurable goods................................................................... 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.3

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

Total private............................................... $20.06 $20.48 $20.51 $20.54 $676.02 $690.18 $691.19 $692.20

Goods-producing....................................... 21.23 21.49 21.50 21.55 878.92 891.84 890.10 894.33

Mining and logging.................................. 27.08 26.55 26.55 26.89 1,248.39 1,266.44 1,250.51 1,263.83

Construction.......................................... 24.23 24.51 24.61 24.64 966.78 970.60 977.02 973.28

Manufacturing........................................ 19.25 19.53 19.49 19.53 804.65 820.26 816.63 822.21

Durable goods.................................... 20.29 20.63 20.57 20.65 856.24 874.71 872.17 879.69

Nondurable goods................................ 17.54 17.73 17.68 17.67 722.65 734.02 728.42 729.77

Private service-providing.............................. 19.82 20.27 20.30 20.33 644.15 656.75 657.72 658.69

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 17.65 18.16 18.23 18.22 598.34 608.36 612.53 612.19

Wholesale trade.................................. 22.58 23.12 23.22 23.02 878.36 894.74 896.29 890.87

Retail trade........................................ 13.91 14.27 14.32 14.35 422.86 426.67 429.60 429.07

Transportation and warehousing............... 19.70 20.40 20.51 20.56 758.45 783.36 789.64 793.62

Utilities............................................. 32.02 32.83 32.82 32.94 1,341.64 1,382.14 1,385.00 1,383.48

Information........................................... 27.76 28.58 28.66 28.63 999.36 1,034.60 1,037.49 1,036.41

Financial activities................................... 23.78 24.59 24.57 24.65 872.73 904.91 899.26 904.66

Professional and business services.............. 23.64 24.14 24.15 24.22 834.49 856.97 857.33 859.81

Education and health services..................... 21.22 21.52 21.53 21.56 683.28 688.64 691.11 689.92

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 11.75 11.96 11.96 12.01 293.75 301.39 301.39 302.65

Other services....................................... 17.89 18.27 18.33 18.32 551.01 562.72 562.73 564.26

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

Percent

change

from:

Apr.

2014 -

May

2014p

May

2013

Mar.

2014

Apr.

2014p

May

2014p

Percent

change

from:

Apr.

2014 -

May

2014p

Total private..................................... 106.0 107.8 108.1 108.3 0.2 142.0 147.5 148.1 148.6 0.3

Goods-producing............................. 84.9 86.6 86.7 86.9 0.2 110.4 114.0 114.1 114.6 0.4

Mining and logging........................ 154.8 166.8 166.4 166.1 -0.2 243.8 257.5 257.0 259.7 1.1

Construction................................ 87.7 89.4 90.3 89.6 -0.8 114.8 118.4 120.0 119.3 -0.6

Manufacturing.............................. 80.6 81.8 81.7 82.1 0.5 101.4 104.5 104.1 104.9 0.8

Durable goods........................... 82.0 83.4 83.6 84.1 0.6 103.8 107.4 107.3 108.4 1.0

Nondurable goods...................... 78.4 79.3 78.9 79.0 0.1 97.1 99.4 98.6 98.7 0.1

Private service-providing.................... 112.0 113.6 113.9 114.1 0.2 152.3 158.0 158.6 159.1 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 103.0 103.5 104.1 104.2 0.1 129.7 134.1 135.3 135.4 0.1

Wholesale trade......................... 105.8 107.4 107.7 108.1 0.4 140.8 146.3 147.3 146.5 -0.5

Retail trade.............................. 99.0 98.7 99.3 99.0 -0.3 118.0 120.8 121.8 121.7 -0.1

Transportation and warehousing...... 112.0 114.3 114.9 115.6 0.6 140.0 147.9 149.4 150.7 0.9

Utilities.................................... 95.6 96.1 96.2 95.6 -0.6 127.8 131.7 131.7 131.5 -0.2

Information................................. 89.6 89.0 89.1 89.0 -0.1 123.1 126.0 126.4 126.2 -0.2

Financial activities......................... 104.7 105.7 105.3 105.6 0.3 153.1 159.8 159.1 160.2 0.7

Professional and business services..... 121.1 125.6 126.1 126.5 0.3 170.3 180.4 181.2 182.3 0.6

Education and health services........... 127.1 127.9 128.6 128.5 -0.1 177.9 181.6 182.6 182.8 0.1

Leisure and hospitality.................... 114.9 118.4 118.6 118.9 0.3 153.3 160.8 161.1 162.1 0.6

Other services............................. 98.5 98.9 98.8 99.2 0.4 128.4 131.7 132.0 132.5 0.4

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary