os nr 12/15/95 summary: news release '94
 
  USDL-95-508
 
  Technical information:
  E. Jackson (202) 606-6180
  Media contact:
  K. Hoyle (202) 606-5902
 
  FOR RELEASE:  10 A.M. EST
  Friday, December 15, 1995
 
 
  WORKPLACE INJURIES AND ILLNESSES IN 1994
 
 
  A total of  6.8 million injuries and illnesses was reported in private
  industry workplaces during 1994, resulting in a rate of 8.4 cases for
  every 100 equivalent full-time workers.  The rate varied widely by
  industry, ranging from slightly more than 12 injuries and illnesses
  for every 100 full-time manufacturing workers to nearly 3 per 100 full-
  time workers in finance, insurance, and real estate, according to the
  latest annual survey of job-related injuries and illnesses by the Bureau
  of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.
 
  The 1994 findings announced today are the second in a continuing series
  of three annual releases from the BLS safety and health statistical
  series.  In August 1995, the first release covered work-related fatalities
  from the 1994 National Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries.  In
  spring 1996, a third release will contain information on the characteristics
  of workers sustaining serious nonfatal injuries and illnesses in 1994, for
  example, their occupation, the nature of their injury or illness, and how
  it happened.
 
  The annual survey provides estimates of the number and frequency (incidence
  rates) of workplace injuries and illnesses based on logs kept by private
  industry employers during the year.  These records reflect not only the
  year's injury and illness experience, but also the employer's understanding
  of which cases are work related under current recordkeeping guidelines of
  the U.S. Department of Labor.  The number of injuries and illnesses reported
  in any given year also can be influenced by changes in the level of economic
  activity, working conditions and work practices, worker experience and
  training, and the number of hours worked.
 
  After decreasing from 8.9 to 8.5 cases per 100 full-time workers from 1992
  to 1993, the incidence rate of reported injuries and illnesses fell to
  8.4 cases per 100 full-time workers in 1994.   During the last 10 years,
  such rates have fluctuated within a range of 7.9 to 8.9 (table 4).
 
                                          - 2 -
 
 
  1994 Results
 
  Of the 6.8 million nonfatal injuries and illnesses, nearly 6.3 million
  were injuries that resulted in either lost worktime, medical treatment
  other than first aid, loss of  consciousness, restriction of work
  or motion, or transfer to another job.  The remainder of these private
industry cases (about 515,000) were work-related illnesses.
 
  Other findings on the 1994 nonfatal injuries and illnesses follow:
 
      *  Slightly more than 3 million injuries and illnesses were serious
         enough to require recuperation away from work or to restrict
         duties at work, or both (table 2).
 
      *  Manufacturing accounted for slightly more than three-fifths of
         all newly reported occupational illnesses (table 2).
 
      *  Nearly two-thirds of the workplace illnesses were disorders
         associated with repeated trauma (332,000), such as carpal tunnel
         syndrome.  (See "Background of the Survey" for limitations on
         kinds of illnesses reported.)    The number of repeated trauma
         cases reported in 1994 was 10 percent higher than the correspond-
         ing 1993 figure (302,000).
 
      *  Nationwide, injury rates generally are higher for mid-size
         establishments employing 50 to 249 workers than for smaller or
         larger establishments, although this pattern does not hold within
         certain industry divisions (table 3).
 
      *  At 2.8 per 100 full-time workers, the 1994 rate of serious
         nonfatal cases resulting in days away from work was the lowest on
         record (table 4).  The rate of such cases has declined for 4 years
         in a row.
 
      *  For the first time in the more than 20-year history of the survey,
         the injury and illness rate in construction fell below the rate in
         manufacturing.  The overall rates for these two industry divisions
         continued to be higher than the rates in other industry divisions
         (table 5).
 
                                          - 3 -
 
 
      *  Industry rates can vary widely among individual industries sharing
         the same broad industrial activity.  Rates in manufacturing, for
         example, ranged from about 15 per 100 full-time workers in primary
         metal industries to about 4 per 100 workers in petroleum and coal
         industries (table 6).
 
      *  Eight industries, each having at least 100,000 injuries, accounted
         for about 1.8 million injuries, or nearly 30 percent of the
         6.3 million total (table 7).
 
  Background of the Survey
 
  The Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses is a Federal/State
  program in which employer reports are collected from about 250,000 private
  industry establishments and processed by state agencies cooperating with
  the Bureau of Labor Statistics.  Occupa-tional injury and illness data for
  coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for railroad activities were provided
  by the Department of Labor's Mine Safety and Health Administration and the
  Department of  Transportation's Federal Railroad Administration.  The survey
  measures nonfatal injuries and illnesses only.  The survey also excludes the
  self-employed; farmers with fewer than 11 employees; private households; and
  employees in federal, state, and local government agencies.
 
  In addition to the summary injury and illness data presented in this release,
  the BLS survey will provide details on the more seriously injured and ill
  workers (occupations, age, gender, race, and length of service) and on the
  circumstances of their injuries and illnesses (nature of the injury/illness,
  part of body affected, event or exposure, and primary and secondary sources
  of the injury/illness).  "More seriously" is defined in this survey as
  involving days away from work.  This more detailed information is scheduled
  for release in spring 1996.
 
  The survey continues to measure the number of new work-related illness
  cases which are recognized, diagnosed, and reported during the year.  Some
  conditions, e.g., long-term latent illnesses caused by exposure to
  carcinogens, often are difficult to relate to the workplace and are not
  adequately recognized and reported.  These long-term latent illnesses are
  believed to be understated in the survey's illness measures.  In contrast,
  the overwhelming majority of the reported new illnesses are those which are
  easier to directly relate to workplace activity (e.g., contact dermatitis or
  carpal tunnel syndrome).
 
  The survey estimates of occupational injuries and illnesses are based on a
  scientifically selected probability sample, rather than a census of the
  entire population.  These sample-based estimates may differ from the results
  which would be obtained from a census of the population.  The sample used
 
                                          - 4 -
 
  was one of many possible samples, each of which could have produced
  different estimates.  The variation in the sample estimates across all
  possible samples that could have been drawn is measured by the standard
  error.
 
  For example, the 1994 incidence rate for all occupational injuries and
  illnesses of 8.4 per 100 full-time workers in private industry has an
  estimated relative standard error of about 0.6 percent or slightly less
  than 0.1 percentage point.  A relative standard error was calculated for
  each estimate from the survey and will be published in a BLS bulletin that
  will be available in the fall of 1996.
 
  The data also are subject to nonsampling error.  The inability to obtain
  information about all cases in the sample, mistakes in recording or coding
  the data, and definitional difficulties are examples of nonsampling error
  in the survey.  Nonsampling errors are not measured.  However, BLS has
  implemented quality assurance procedures to minimize nonsampling error in
  the survey.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Table 1.  Nonfatal occupational injury and illness incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) by industry
 division, 1994
 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
                                              |                 |                                   |
                                              |                 |         Lost workday cases        |
                                                                 ___________________________________       Cases
               Industry division              |      Total      |                 |                 |   without lost
                                              |      cases      |                 |       With      |     workdays
                                              |                 |    Total (2)    |    days away    |
                                              |                 |                 |  from work (3)  |
 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
 
   Private industry (4)......................           8.4               3.8               2.8               4.6
 
 Agriculture, forestry, and fishing (4)......          10.0               4.7               3.9               5.2
 Mining (5)..................................           6.3               3.9               3.3               2.4
 Construction................................          11.8               5.5               4.9               6.3
 Manufacturing...............................          12.2               5.5               3.2               6.8
  Durable goods..............................          13.5               5.7               3.5               7.8
  Nondurable goods...........................          10.5               5.1               2.8               5.3
 Transportation and public utilities (5).....           9.3               5.5               4.2               3.9
 Wholesale and retail trade..................           7.9               3.4               2.7               4.4
  Wholesale trade............................           7.7               3.8               2.8               3.9
  Retail trade...............................           7.9               3.3               2.6               4.6
 Finance, insurance, and real estate.........           2.7               1.1                .9               1.6
 Services....................................           6.5               2.8               2.2               3.7
 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
   1 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 100 full-time workers and were calculated
 as:  (N/EH) x 200,000, where
 
      N       = number of injuries and illnesses
      EH      = total hours worked by all employees during
                the calendar year
      200,000 = base for 100 equivalent full-time workers
                (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks
                per year).
 
   2 Total includes cases involving restricted work activity only in addition to days-away-from-work cases with or
 without restricted work activity.
   3 Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work
 activity.
   4 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees.
   5 Data conforming to OSHA definitions for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for employers in
 railroad transportation are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor;
 and the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.  Independent mining contractors are
 excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries.
 
     NOTE:  Because of rounding, components may not add to the totals.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Table 2.  Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses, by industry division, 1994
 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________
                                              |              |                             |
                                              |              |      Lost workday cases     |
                                                              _____________________________     Cases
                                              |     Total    |              |              | without lost
               Industry division              |     cases    |              |     With     |   workdays
                                              |    (000's)   |   Total (1)  |   days away  |    (000's)
                                              |              |    (000's)   | from work (2)|
                                              |              |              |    (000's)   |
 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
 
            INJURIES AND ILLNESSES
 
      Private industry (3).....................     6,766.9        3,061.0        2,236.6        3,705.9
 
    Agriculture, forestry, and fishing (3)....       106.1           50.3           41.0           55.8
    Mining (4)................................        39.7           24.6           20.7           15.1
    Construction..............................       529.3          246.1          218.8          283.2
    Manufacturing.............................     2,232.6          996.7          584.2        1,235.8
     Durable goods............................     1,423.3          600.8          365.4          822.4
     Nondurable goods.........................       809.3          395.9          218.8          413.4
    Transportation and public utilities (4)...       532.5          311.4          241.7          221.0
    Wholesale and retail trade................     1,648.5          714.3          560.4          934.2
     Wholesale trade..........................       455.1          222.5          165.8          232.6
     Retail trade.............................     1,193.4          491.8          394.6          701.6
    Finance, insurance, and real estate.......       166.1           66.8           55.3           99.3
    Services..................................     1,512.2          650.7          514.4          861.5
 
                   INJURIES
 
     Private industry (3).....................     6,252.2        2,848.3        2,119.3        3,403.9
 
    Agriculture, forestry, and fishing (3)....       100.4           48.5           39.7           51.8
    Mining (4)................................        38.1           24.0           20.1           14.1
    Construction..............................       519.4          241.7          214.9          277.7
    Manufacturing.............................     1,906.1          859.4          526.2        1,046.7
     Durable goods............................     1,223.0          524.5          330.0          698.5
     Nondurable goods.........................       683.1          334.8          196.1          348.3
    Transportation and public utilities (4)...       510.4          301.5          233.9          208.9
    Wholesale and retail trade................     1,601.6          691.7          543.3          909.9
     Wholesale trade..........................       438.5          214.0          159.6          224.5
     Retail trade.............................     1,163.0          477.7          383.6          685.4
    Finance, insurance, and real estate.......       147.5           58.8           49.0           88.7
    Services..................................     1,428.8          622.8          492.3          806.0
 
                   ILLNESSES
 
     Private industry (3).....................       514.7          212.7          117.3          302.0
 
    Agriculture, forestry, and fishing (3)....         5.8            1.8            1.3            3.9
    Mining (4)................................         1.6            0.6            0.6            1.0
    Construction..............................         9.8            4.4            4.0            5.5
    Manufacturing.............................       326.5          137.4           58.1          189.1
     Durable goods............................       200.3           76.3           35.4          124.0
     Nondurable goods.........................       126.2           61.1           22.7           65.1
    Transportation and public utilities (4)...        22.0           10.0            7.8           12.1
    Wholesale and retail trade................        47.0           22.6           17.1           24.4
     Wholesale trade..........................        16.6            8.5            6.1            8.1
     Retail trade.............................        30.4           14.1           11.0           16.3
    Finance, insurance, and real estate.......        18.6            8.0            6.3           10.6
    Services..................................        83.4           27.9           22.0           55.5
 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
   1 Total includes cases involving restricted work activity only in addition to days-away-from-work cases
 with or without restricted work activity.
   2 Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without
 restricted work activity.
   3 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees.
   4 Data conforming to OSHA definitions for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for
 employers in railroad transportation are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration,
 U.S. Department of Labor; and the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.
 Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries.
 
     NOTE:  Because of rounding, components may not add to the totals.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Table 3.  Nonfatal occupational injury incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) by industry division and
 employment size, 1994
 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
                                              |
                                              |               Establishment employment size (workers)
                                               _____________________________________________________________________
               Industry division              |             |             |             |             |
                                              |      1      |      11     |      50     |     250     |    1,000
                                              |      to     |      to     |      to     |      to     |      or
                                              |      10     |      49     |     249     |     999     |     more
 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
 
   Private industry (2).......................       3.3           6.8           9.9           8.9           8.2
 
  Agriculture, forestry, and fishing (2)......       7.3           9.3          10.4           9.7          10.4
 
  Mining (3)..................................       4.2           7.2           6.5           5.0           5.1
 
  Construction................................       7.6          12.7          14.4          10.0           4.3
 
  Manufacturing...............................       5.3          10.4          12.2           9.7           9.7
 
   Durable goods..............................       6.9          12.6          13.6          10.4          10.7
 
   Nondurable goods...........................       2.9           7.0          10.5           8.9           7.7
 
  Transportation and public utilities (3).....       3.4           7.8          10.5           8.9          10.1
 
  Wholesale and retail trade..................       3.2           6.9          10.2          10.3           8.6
 
   Wholesale trade............................       3.5           7.1          10.1           8.8           8.0
 
   Retail trade...............................       3.0           6.8          10.2          10.9           8.7
 
  Finance, insurance, and real estate.........       1.9           2.4           3.1           2.4           1.5
 
  Services....................................       2.1           4.0           8.1           8.6           7.7
 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
 
   1 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries per 100 full-time workers and were calculated as:
 (N/EH) x 200,000, where
 
      N       = number of injuries
      EH      = total hours worked by all employees during
                the calendar year
      200,000 = base for 100 equivalent full-time workers
                (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year).
 
   2 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees.
   3 Data conforming to OSHA definitions for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for employers
 in railroad transportation are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of
 Labor; and the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.  Independent mining contractors
 are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries.
 
 Table 4. Occupational injury and illness incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) 1973-94 (2)
 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
                     |                                           |
                     |           Injuries and illnesses          |                  Injuries
                      _______________________________________________________________________________________
                     |                                           |
                     |          |                     |          |          |                     |
                     |          |  Lost workday cases |          |          |  Lost workday cases |
                                 _____________________                       _____________________
         Year        |          |                     |   Cases  |          |                     |   Cases
                     |   Total  |          |          |  without |   Total  |          |          |  without
                     |   cases  |          |   With   |   lost   |   cases  |          |   With   |   lost
                     |          | Total (3)| days away| workdays |          | Total (3)| days away| workdays
                     |          |          | from work|          |          |          | from work|
                     |          |          |    (4)   |          |          |          |    (4)   |
 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
 1973................     11.0        3.4         -         7.5       10.6        3.3        1          7.3
 1974................     10.4        3.5         -         6.9       10.0        3.4        1          6.6
 1975................      9.1        3.3        3.2        5.8        8.8        3.2        3.1        5.6
 1976................      9.2        3.5        3.3        5.7        8.9        3.4        3.2        5.5
 1977................      9.3        3.8        3.6        5.5        9.0        3.7        3.5        5.3
 1978 (5)............      9.4        4.1        3.8        5.3        9.2        4.0        3.7        5.2
 1979 (5)............      9.5        4.3        4.0        5.2        9.2        4.2        3.9        5.0
 1980................      8.7        4.0        3.7        4.7        8.5        3.9        3.6        4.6
 1981................      8.3        3.8        3.5        4.5        8.1        3.7        3.4        4.4
 1982................      7.7        3.5        3.2        4.2        7.6        3.4        3.2        4.1
 1983 (5)............      7.6        3.4        3.2        4.2        7.5        3.4        3.1        4.1
 1984 (5)............      8.0        3.7        3.4        4.3        7.8        3.6        3.3        4.2
 1985................      7.9        3.6        3.3        4.3        7.7        3.6        3.3        4.2
 1986................      7.9        3.6        3.3        4.3        7.7        3.6        3.3        4.2
 1987................      8.3        3.8        3.4        4.4        8.0        3.7        3.3        4.3
 1988................      8.6        4.0        3.5        4.6        8.3        3.8        3.4        4.4
 1989................      8.6        4.0        3.4        4.6        8.2        3.9        3.3        4.4
 1990................      8.8        4.1        3.4        4.7        8.3        3.9        3.3        4.5
 1991................      8.4        3.9        3.2        4.5        7.9        3.7        3.1        4.2
 1992 (6)............      8.9        3.9        3.0        5.0        8.3        3.6        2.9        4.7
 1993 (6)............      8.5        3.8        2.9        4.8        7.9        3.5        2.7        4.4
 1994 (6)............      8.4        3.8        2.8        4.6        7.7        3.5        2.6        4.2
 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
 
   1 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 100 full-time workers and were
 calculated as:  (N/EH) x 200,000, where
 
      N       = number of injuries and illnesses
      EH      = total hours worked by all employees during
                the calendar year
      200,000 = base for 100 equivalent full-time workers
                (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks
                per year).
 
   2 Data for 1973-1975 are based on the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1967 Edition; data for
 1976-1987 are based on the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1972 Edition; and data for 1988-1994
 are based on the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987 Edition.
   3 Total includes cases involving restricted work activity only in addition to days-away-from-work cases
 with or without restricted work activity.
   4 Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted
 work activity.
   5 To maintain historical comparability with the rest of the series, data for small nonfarm employers in
 low-risk industries who were not surveyed were imputed and included in the survey estimates.
   6 Data for 1992-1994 exclude fatal work-related injuries and illnesses.
 
     NOTE:  Because of rounding, components may not add to the totals.  Data for 1976-1994 exclude farms with
 fewer than 11 employees.
   1 Data not available.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Table 5.  Nonfatal occupational injury and illness incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) by industry division, 1992-94
 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
                                            |                    |                                         |
                                            |                    |            Lost workday cases           |
                                                                  _________________________________________
                                            |                    |                                         |
                                            |     Total cases    |                    |                    | Cases without lost
                                            |                    |                    |                    |      workdays
              Industry division             |                    |      Total (2)     | With days away from|
                                            |                    |                    |      work (3)      |
                                            ____________________________________________________________________________________
                                            |      |      |      |      |      |      |                    |      |      |
                                            | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994
 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
 
       Private industry (4).................    8.9    8.5    8.4    3.9    3.8    3.8    3.0    2.9    2.8    5.0    4.8    4.6
 
 Agriculture, forestry, and fishing (4).....   11.6   11.2   10.0    5.4    5.0    4.7    4.7    4.2    3.9    6.2    6.2    5.2
 Mining (5).................................    7.3    6.8    6.3    4.1    3.9    3.9    3.6    3.3    3.3    3.3    2.9    2.4
 Construction...............................   13.1   12.2   11.8    5.8    5.5    5.5    5.3    4.9    4.9    7.3    6.7    6.3
 Manufacturing..............................   12.5   12.1   12.2    5.4    5.3    5.5    3.5    3.3    3.2    7.1    6.8    6.8
   Durable goods............................   13.4   13.1   13.5    5.5    5.4    5.7    3.7    3.5    3.5    7.9    7.7    7.8
   Nondurable goods.........................   11.3   10.7   10.5    5.3    5.0    5.1    3.3    3.0    2.8    6.0    5.7    5.3
 Transportation and public utilities (5)....    9.1    9.5    9.3    5.1    5.4    5.5    4.2    4.3    4.2    4.0    4.1    3.9
 Wholesale and retail trade.................    8.4    8.1    7.9    3.5    3.4    3.4    2.9    2.8    2.7    4.9    4.7    4.4
   Wholesale trade..........................    7.6    7.8    7.7    3.6    3.7    3.8    3.0    2.8    2.8    3.9    4.1    3.9
   Retail trade.............................    8.7    8.2    7.9    3.4    3.3    3.3    2.9    2.7    2.6    5.3    4.9    4.6
 Finance, insurance, and real estate........    2.9    2.9    2.7    1.2    1.2    1.1    1.0    1.0     .9    1.7    1.7    1.6
 Services...................................    7.1    6.7    6.5    3.0    2.8    2.8    2.5    2.3    2.2    4.2    3.9    3.7
 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
 
   1 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 100
 full-time workers and were calculated as:  (N/EH) x 200,000, where
 
        N     = number of injuries and illnesses
        EH    = total hours worked by all employees during
                the calendar year
      200,000 = base for 100 equivalent full-time workers (working
                40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year).
 
   2 Total includes cases involving restricted work activity only in addition to
 days-away-from-work cases with or without restricted work activity.
   3 Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work activity.
   4 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees.
   5 Data conforming to OSHA definitions for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for employers in railroad
 transportation are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor; and the Federal
 Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.  Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal,
 and nonmetal mining industries.
 
     NOTE:  Because of rounding, components may not add to the totals.
 
 
 
 
 Table 6.  Nonfatal occupational injury incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) by industry, 1994
 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
                                              |            |            |            |                         |
                                              |            |            |            |    Lost workday cases   |
                                                                                      _________________________
                                              |            |   Annual   |            |                         |
                                              |     SIC    |   average  |    Total   |            |            |    Cases
                 Industry (2)                 |  code (3)  | employment |    cases   |            |    With    |without lost
                                              |            |     (4)    |            |  Total (5) |  days away |  workdays
                                              |            |   (000's)  |            |            |  from work |
                                              |            |            |            |            |     (6)    |
 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
 
 
   Private industry (7).......................                95,449.3         7.7          3.5          2.6          4.2
 
  Agriculture, forestry, and fishing (7)......                 1,228.1         9.4          4.6          3.7          4.9
 
  Agricultural production (7).................     01-02        n.a.           9.7          4.6          3.7          5.1
   Agricultural production-crops (7)..........       01         n.a.           8.8          4.2          3.4          4.6
   Agricultural production-livestock (7)......       02         n.a.          12.8          6.0          4.6          6.8
   Agricultural services......................       07         n.a.           9.3          4.5          3.8          4.7
   Forestry...................................       08         n.a.           8.9          4.4          3.8          4.5
   Fishing, hunting, and trapping.............       09         n.a.           6.4          4.0          3.2          2.4
 
  Mining (8)..................................                   600.0         6.0          3.8          3.2          2.2
 
   Metal mining (8)...........................       10           48.8         5.3          3.0          2.1          2.3
   Coal mining (8)............................       12          112.2         9.3          7.2          6.9          2.1
   Oil and gas extraction ....................       13          335.8         5.2          2.9          2.3          2.3
   Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels (8).....       14          103.3         5.8          3.5          2.8          2.2
 
  Construction................................                 5,010.0        11.5          5.4          4.8          6.2
 
   General building contractors...............       15        1,200.5        10.7          5.0          4.4          5.7
   Heavy construction, except building........       16          736.4        10.0          4.9          4.2          5.1
   Special trade contractors..................       17        3,072.8        12.3          5.6          5.1          6.6
 
  Manufacturing...............................                18,303.0        10.4          4.7          2.9          5.7
 
  Durable goods...............................                10,431.0        11.6          5.0          3.1          6.6
 
   Lumber and wood products...................       24          752.2        14.9          7.4          5.4          7.5
   Furniture and fixtures.....................       25          501.8        13.6          6.3          3.9          7.3
   Stone, clay, and glass products............       32          532.5        12.3          6.1          4.1          6.2
   Primary metal industries...................       33          699.1        15.3          6.7          4.2          8.6
   Fabricated metal products..................       34        1,387.1        15.0          6.2          4.0          8.8
   Industrial machinery and equipment.........       35        1,984.7        10.5          4.0          2.6          6.6
   Electronic and other electric equipment....       36        1,570.8         6.6          2.9          1.7          3.8
   Transportation equipment...................       37        1,748.9        14.8          6.2          3.5          8.6
   Instruments and related products...........       38          863.3         4.5          2.0          1.2          2.5
   Miscellaneous manufacturing industries.....       39          390.3         8.7          3.9          2.4          4.9
 
  Nondurable goods............................                 7,872.0         8.8          4.3          2.5          4.5
 
   Food and kindred products..................       20        1,679.6        13.6          7.3          4.0          6.3
   Tobacco products...........................       21           42.2         4.9          2.3          1.8          2.6
   Textile mill products......................       22          673.2         7.3          3.5          1.6          3.8
   Apparel and other textile products.........       23          969.4         6.8          2.9          1.9          3.9
   Paper and allied products..................       26          691.3         8.8          4.2          2.5          4.6
   Printing and publishing....................       27        1,541.5         6.1          2.8          2.0          3.4
   Chemicals and allied products..............       28        1,060.6         5.0          2.5          1.4          2.5
   Petroleum and coal products................       29          148.9         4.3          2.2          1.2          2.1
   Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products.       30          952.0        12.7          6.1          3.6          6.6
   Leather and leather products...............       31          113.6         9.6          4.0          2.5          5.6
 
  Transportation and public utilities (8).....                 6,006.0         9.0          5.3          4.1          3.7
 
   Railroad transportation (8)................       40          240.5         5.0          3.8          3.3          1.2
   Local and interurban passenger transit.....       41          410.3         9.4          5.0          4.3          4.4
   Trucking and warehousing...................       42        1,797.3        14.5          9.0          6.9          5.5
   Water transportation.......................       44          168.8         9.2          5.0          4.7          4.2
   Transportation by air......................       45          747.8        12.6          7.7          6.5          5.0
   Pipelines, except natural gas..............       46           17.6         2.2          1.3          1.1          1.0
   Transportation services....................       47          392.4         3.9          2.1          1.6          1.8
   Communications.............................       48        1,304.6         2.9          1.5          1.2          1.4
   Electric, gas, and sanitary services.......       49          926.5         6.8          3.4          2.1          3.4
 
                                              _____________________________________________________________________________
   See footnotes at end of table.
 
 
 Table 6.  Nonfatal occupational injury incidence rates per 100 full-time workers, (1) by industry, 1994--Continued
 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
                                              |            |            |            |                         |
                                              |            |            |            |    Lost workday cases   |
                                                                                      _________________________
                                              |            |   Annual   |            |                         |
                                              |     SIC    |   average  |    Total   |            |            |    Cases
                 Industry (2)                 |  code (3)  | employment |    cases   |            |    With    |without lost
                                              |            |     (4)    |            |  Total (5) |  days away |  workdays
                                              |            |   (000's)  |            |            |  from work |
                                              |            |            |            |            |     (6)    |
 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
 
  Wholesale and retail trade..................                26,577.0         7.6          3.3          2.6          4.3
 
  Wholesale trade.............................                 6,140.0         7.4          3.6          2.7          3.8
 
   Wholesale trade--durable goods.............       50        3,542.0         6.8          3.1          2.3          3.7
   Wholesale trade--nondurable goods..........       51        2,599.0         8.3          4.4          3.3          3.9
 
  Retail trade................................                20,437.0         7.7          3.2          2.5          4.5
 
   Building materials and garden supplies.....       52          828.0        10.2          4.8          3.8          5.4
   General merchandise stores.................       53        2,545.4        10.5          5.2          3.6          5.3
   Food stores................................       54        3,289.1        10.1          4.2          3.6          5.9
   Automotive dealers and service stations....       55        2,122.5         7.2          2.8          2.3          4.4
   Apparel and accessory stores...............       56        1,134.0         4.0          1.6          1.2          2.4
   Furniture and homefurnishings stores.......       57          890.0         5.6          2.7          2.2          2.9
   Eating and drinking places.................       58        7,069.0         7.6          2.6          2.2          5.0
   Miscellaneous retail.......................       59        2,559.5         4.2          1.9          1.5          2.3
 
  Finance, insurance, and real estate.........                 6,933.0         2.4           .9           .8          1.4
 
   Depository institutions....................       60        2,075.4         1.9           .7           .6          1.2
   Nondepository institutions.................       61          498.5         1.3           .5           .4           .8
   Security and commodity brokers.............       62          518.0          .6           .2           .2           .4
   Insurance carriers.........................       63        1,550.7         2.0           .6           .5          1.4
   Insurance agents, brokers, and service.....       64          686.4         1.2           .4           .3           .8
   Real estate................................       65        1,373.0         5.5          2.6          2.1          2.9
   Holding and other investment offices.......       67          231.4         1.7           .7           .6          1.0
 
  Services....................................                30,792.2         6.1          2.7          2.1          3.5
 
   Hotels and other lodging places............       70        1,618.0         9.9          4.6          3.4          5.3
   Personal services..........................       72        1,139.3         3.9          1.8          1.4          2.1
   Business services..........................       73        6,239.0         4.6          2.2          1.8          2.4
   Auto repair, services, and parking.........       75          970.5         6.8          2.9          2.4          3.9
   Miscellaneous repair services..............       76          333.9         7.4          3.4          2.8          4.0
   Motion pictures............................       78          471.2         2.9          1.0           .8          1.9
   Amusement and recreation services..........       79        1,344.1         8.6          3.7          2.8          4.9
   Health services............................       80        9,000.7         8.8          3.7          2.9          5.1
   Legal services.............................       81          926.8          .9           .3           .3           .6
   Educational services.......................       82        1,822.0         3.9          1.4          1.2          2.5
   Social services............................       83        2,180.7         7.3          3.3          2.6          4.0
   Museums, botanical, zoological gardens.....       84           79.0         6.7          2.8          2.1          3.9
   Engineering and management services........       87        2,567.0         2.3          1.0           .7          1.4
 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
 
   1 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries per 100 full-time workers and were calculated as:  (N/EH) x
 200,000, where
 
      N       = number of injuries
      EH      = total hours worked by all employees during
                the calendar year
      200,000 = base for 100 equivalent full-time workers
                (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks
                per year).
 
   2 Totals for divisions include data for industries not shown separately.
   3 Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987 Edition.
   4 Employment is expressed as an annual average and is derived primarily from the BLS-State Current Employment Statistics
 program.  Annual average employment for the agriculture, forestry, and fishing division is obtained from the Survey of
 Occupational Injuries and Illnesses.
   5 Total includes cases involving restricted work activity only in addition to days-away-from-work cases with or without
 restricted work activity.
   6 Days-away-from-work cases include those which result in days away from work with or without restricted work activity.
   7 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees.
   8 Data conforming to OSHA definitions for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining and for employers in
 railroad transportation are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor; and the
 Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.  Independent mining contractors are excluded from the
 coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries.
 
   NOTE:  Because of rounding, components may not add to the totals.  n.a. = data not available.
 
 
 Table 7.  Nonfatal occupational injuries:  number of cases and incidence rates, per 100  full-time workers,1
 for industries with 100,000 or more injury cases, 1994
 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
         Industry                                  SIC                 Total               Incidence
                                                   code 2              cases                  rate
                                                                      (000's)
 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
 Eating and drinking places..................       581                356.6                   7.6
 
 Hospitals...................................       806                311.7                  10.3
 
 Trucking and courier services, except air...       421                242.0                  14.8
 
 Grocery stores..............................       541                228.0                  10.8
 
 Nursing and personal care facilities........       805                217.2                  16.5
 
 Motor vehicles and equipment manufacturing..       371                171.4                  18.2
 
 Department stores...........................       531                171.4                  10.8
 
 Hotels and motels...........................       701                124.8                  10.0
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
    1  Incidence rates represent the number of injuries per 100 full-time workers and were calculated as:
 (N/EH) X 200,000 where,
 
       N         = number of injuries
       EH        = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year
       200,000   = base for 100 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year).
 
    2  Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987 Edition.