14

Within an establishment, specific job categories are selected to
represent broader occupational definitions. Since June 1986, the jobs have
been classified according to definitions used in the 1980 Census. Prior to
dune 1986, they were classified according to the 1970 Census. Differences
between the two classification systems are slight, as indicated in the article
"Introducing new weights for the Employment Cost Index," in the June 1985
issue of the Monthly Labor Review.

Fixed employment weights are used each quarter to calculate the most
aggregate indexes--civilian, private, and state and local governments. These
fixed weights are also used to derive all of the industry and occupation
series indexes. Since June 1986, employment counts from the 1980 Census have
been used as weights. Prior to dune 1986, employment counts from the 1970
Census were used.

For the series based on bargaining status, region, or area size, .
employment data are not available from the Census. The employment weights are
reallocated within these series each quarter based on the current ECI sample.
The indexes for these series, consequently, are not strictly comparable to
those for the aggregate, industry, and occupation series. A fuller
explanation of the calculation of index numbers appears in an article,
“Estimation procedures for the Employment Cost Index," in the May 1982 issue
of the Monthly Labor Review.

The costs per hour worked of compensation components, based on March 1988
data from the ECI, are published in a separate news release titled Employer
Costs for Employee Compensation--March 1988. A description of the cost levels
is provided in the article “Analyzing employers' costs for wages, salaries,
and benefits" in the October 1987 issue of the Monthly Labor Review. The cost-
levels, which are published annually in mid-June, are calculated with current
employment weights, rather than the fixed 1980 Census weights used in
computing the ECI. Therefore, year-to-year changes in the cost levels will
usually differ from those in the ECI.

More detailed information on the ECI is available in several sources.
These include a chapter in the BLS Handbook of Methods (Bulletin 2285), “The-
Employment Cost. Index," and severa articles published in the Monthly Labor
Review. Reprints of these articles plus other descriptive pieces and a
historical listing are available upon request. ECI historical data are also
available on data diskettes formatted for use with Lotus 1-2-3.


“seTqe} JO pulse Ze SezpoUZCOy ee :JFION

retgetieae jou ezeq —

ae oe Bib 9° evs > bbl Trrrttrrress sss UOLpeaZSLULMpe OLTaNd
£°¢ is rae ra bo i g° bah teeeeeessAuepuoses pue AsezusWeTZ
es 69 oS £° s° i o°sst frtrtrt prttres **\sTooyss
2 2 2 é . . sal Preteen eter eee eee eee estea LdsoH
£ib gib bib “ y iy - tenets tere sse0tades UZ TeOH
ere gb ab iM OL a Libbt st seoLasas seyzo pue sTezidsoy
eb vars 26 < 2 2 reatat are vere beets e tees S301 Adag
: uotstaip Aajzsnpul Aq ‘Sue xJ0M
ie s‘¢ ge O° bk bbb cress *tsuotzedno00 seTToo-enTg
ob oo 2's a 3° gost verses “suorzedno00 eT [Oo-83 LUM
dnos6 Teuotzedns00 Aq ‘syexJ0oM
bb bib o's <° 6° a boot | L°Sbb | Babb TTT S's *S4O4I1OM PUBUIUOACH TROOT pus ©7e7S
Le se os g'b ob a £°6Eb Geb e'osh terres sttttt 7g Buponpowd—201Ases
ae g's £72 6° oe a e27sst | o'2sh | f7eee cota ttre * 47 buponpoud-spoog
uotstatp Aszsnput Aq ‘Ssuerxs0M
o's be o's ort orb b° gcet | Gibst | 6" Est titre rot ssuopzedno90 a0, AsEg
oe oe £72 6° g° 3" bi beh 6°624 9° 92h verter ssuotzedndo0 seTToO-enTg
Ord ee ge ecb orb ce Bobb | O'6sh | b°SEL trees suopzedno900 eT TO9-93 LUM
: dnou& TeuoLzedns00 Aq ‘sta>10M
ae £°¢ os ib ob a gosh | beseh | Lesh vt "hts Saerjyom Aaysnpul e7eAL dd
6s 2s “ese we 6° s° G'Od} O°6Sh weteeees rrrttes+ 6utunzoesnuewuoy
a's oe sib 9° 2°b bo b°ObL S'GSbL terres YoLrzeszsturmpe oLTqnd
97S grb Lib StL O'L ZA - - veteee trrteessssTepidsoy
6°> O°> o's ob L a - - petites ste se0LAues YRTEOH
6°b gb Ly 9 6° s° b'OGt | S"6bE ttt titties +S, AseS
Ob ss gs ob 6° s° 6° bob S°Ob} terres ttt 7% Guponposd-291aseg
as oe be 3° 3° ca brosh g'esh thre trrstf ss 6ubunzoesnuey
ae os ge & 6 s° beset | 22st votes rtrtttyz~ 6utonpoud-spoog
UOISLALp AajzsnpuL Aq ‘Su28>%4104
bre Bz oF 6° o'L o° f° 6Sb o°est L'bst pereeeees srt ttsuoLzpedno.0 eoLAses
s'¢ £°e ar 6° ae LZ go beh b°OSh b° Leb pereeees ssuotzednooo0 swe, Too-enTg
2b ae “e aa 6° s° O'ebh GS" bob £7 “eb vetee sees suotzedno90 eT TOo-2} 14M
dnou6 Teuotzedns90 Aq ‘suex40M
6° g's ee 6°0 ovL s°0 Lest bleh s°seh vate eees Trees eeceeeess Stayx4OmM UELTLALD
8e86r Bet ~L86t Be6t 8e6t 2864 Be6t Se6t L864
eunr Jew eunr eunr "eM eunr eunr * se eunr
COOL=TS6F SuNry Sele
SOXOpuyT

dnou6 Auzsnput pue uoLzedno90 Aq ‘ATuo seruetes

cpeysnfpe ATTeuosees jon)

pue se6em s0}y xepuy ys09 yUuewAoTdwZ *Z eTqeL

SATaVIVS GNY S39VM


*SeTqe} JO pue ze SB}0UZ005 EBS FON
reTgeTieae jou ejzeq -

rS iG bo ok ar 6° s'6bt | 2izbb | yc bbe prttteeees +1 6upunzoepnuewuoy
OL ol 6°t o'b bb “ b°obL G* bot O°ost wee ote sees Bubunjoeynuey
ie £°g b'b ore 92 6° b'OSt | b'Sbt | 67 bbE ‘72 setszsnput Guronpoud-eo1ases
ord a9 £°2% ob ere ca Lobb boob S°9SL “'*/T setugsnpuy 6uyonposd-spoog
UOLSLALP Auzsnpul Aq ‘sue xs04
9S bb oF has “£2 z - - - od : tte suopzedno00 851 Aseg
£°2 39 ove st 6's o'L £°9ob bibbt | S°9gh Potts sess st tsuotzednds.0 yeTToo-enTg
“s Ws os ob s‘2 s £°6b4 ec lbb e bot fore . **suotzedno00 seTTOo-83 14M
dnou6 Teuolzedns00 Aq ‘suerx4104

09 es ee ol ie 6°0 z°eb 1964 StOSk Procter cts crests eee suexjuom Augsnpur ezeatug

A OA
g ———pap eee 0 seeeh ae Oy > al Seles

(peysnf[pe ATTeuosees oN)

dnou6 Aujsnput pue uotzedno.0 Aq ‘suexJ0om Auzsnpul ezeAtsd “ATUO S}Lyeueq soy xepuy 3S09 puewAotdug *g eTqe,

SLI43NAG


*seTqez JO pue Ze SezZOUZCOY E2eS :J1ON
setgeTieae zou ezeq —

g‘¢ - - bb g'b - - - - det ote *suolzednss0 o0LAsES
2b - - 2b eb ‘. - - - ute tee *suotzedno90 ueT{oOo-an Tg
ob - - ab oh - - - - hae see ***setes Buipntoxg
bb - - so‘ ech - - - - ote ote *suopzedno90 we, 109-8} 1UM
eb oe oe bb ecb “ g'Obb | ovssh | eset Ioo” a ‘*setszsnpuy 6ulinzoeynuewuoy
6S Is 9b or ch L . . . wee seneee esses peqidsoy
eg 2"5 ore rat 21 ra = z = see seeeee ++se0,ases 4ZTeSH
19 19 2 ref oh Ih = = = aoe seeeee ‘seotades Sssoutsng
6°S 26 sb. 6 on o = = = see seen wees SO9 LATS
09 - -- g‘z Po _ - . - beeen eee n eee eeee eee se eeeeeeesgoqueunsuy
6°S 9 Z 3 ee fon = = = wee eens seeee +serouebe 3 1peto
weyzo pue ‘ueoT pue sburaes ‘Buy yueg

es £°e O'> 3° ol go - - - wetness *suotzedno.0 setes Guipnt{oxq
re a ove s'b 2b ol - - - sereeeeeessajegse Tees pue ‘eoueunsult ‘eoueuty

- - . 9° a . . _ _ a eeeees eee eee ++seu03s pood
ob ss os 6h Gh oo = = = wee eeee rs ++ *apedy TLePON
aa] ae is as a L - - - rritrtttttsuotgednose sees buipnToxg
rr oS ob el ra on = = z see eees witecseess**@peuz} STESOTOUM
6's “es ss oh 2b [as - - - tresrrstsssuotzedns.0 sates Guipntoxy
a°> VE be 67k grb s*t - - - possess s+ sepeuz Tepe pue STeseTOUM

- - - 9° Lh - - - - *seotaues Aueztues pue ‘se6 49142987]

- - - z o = = = = seeeneeeee Pieeeete++suotzeotunuMoy
92 Ee 62 = L 6 = a z . ee eneee seeeeees+SangiTign oLTand
ian 2's 22 ran ot on = = z a eeeeee seeeeeeeeesGotpeqzuodsuedL
re ae 2 ob ion eh - - - sees sS@LgLTiQn OLtqnd pue uoLzezsodsues)
g's - - oth ob - - - - seen seeees+suotzedns00 aoLAues
gib - - ovL ot - - - - teens +**suopzednd00 we, Too-enTg
9°5 - - ih on - : 7” z teens teseeet?egaqes BULPNTOXg
gob - - bb bob - - - - sees **suotzedno90 4eTTO9-3} 14M
bib bib es bib bt eg g'cbL 6° bbb bleh vere ‘suoizednd.0 setes Bulpntoxg
£75 ve oe bk e°b zo bebe 2° Obb £°9eh vette +72 seraysnput Guronposd-so1nseg

64 B86t Z86b
ng +e aune
=Ts6r eunpy seL4es
Sexepuy

(paysnfpe ATTeuoseas }ON)
penut3zu0g-dnou6 uolLzedno.0 pue Aupsnput Aq ‘suexJom Auzsnpult ezeaisd ‘xepuy S09 zuewAotdwy *¢ eTqeL

NOTLYSNAdWOD


67> Gib 9% 6° gib s° - - - : prt Tiitittss seTqeanpuoy
os ra oz OL oz L I 2 = . senna saeeeees + 'seTqeung
Ss - - 6° 22 - - - - . treeeee suotzedno90 eoLAJes
2s - - ol 2 - - ~ - . teeseessssuotzednoso sweTToo-anTg
9°b - - 6° “ib - - - - : frit ‘sates Gulpntoxg
9b - - g° “eb - - - - : trersssssuotzednos0 sweT[oo-03 14M
0's “ob zz OL oz oo brash | gosh E Gtish [oot tet teeeeeee se sButunpoesnuey
bo O'b re ecb eb gb - - - a srteeee teens *“UoLzPONUZSUOD
Ly - - Le z2 - - - - ad trtenees +++ +suotzedno90 eoLaues
6°> - - ran gt - - - tetas suotzednd00 we, Too-enTg
4 = Z rant S‘h = z = senna ++? +seTes BuLpnToxg
*b - - 6° “ih - - - tteeee *suotzednos0 ve, {09-02 1UM
Bib 2'b be ey “ib o g'9gt | 2:set ritrttsuorzednoo0 setes Burnt
ab bb £72 rb ab LL bleh o'GEh srteeesse*7T setuzsnpur 6uponpoud-spoog
oF 62 Ve be ob o b'Obe O° 8sh verses stress ssuotzednos0 ed,ases
6 9b oz Le 22 s: . _ treteseess+sueueqeT pue ‘suedTey

. ‘SsaueeTo pUeUdinbe ‘sseTpuey
Lib O°b ors van ob bh - - - treeeresss6uLaow Tetuezem pue voLzezuodsuesy
a¢ as L'2 24 12 ot z z = Pererrrrr res see ++ t+++'suozoedsul pue

‘sueTquesse ‘suojesedo eulyoey
tb ib 2 onl bib g° - - - tatedes pue “yyeuo ‘uolzonpodd uoisloeudg
a) bb ge rb ae 6° ocet | brbeh | S*62b teteseeeecs ***suotzedno00 yey, Too-enTg
67> 6°% S's orb 6it ob - - - [1 Teop4etTo Suipnpour «yuoddns eatzeszsrurupy
oe a Vz oz oh $- = z = o Sueteecene Saateeeees Tete isetes
6's s‘s 6s teh 6° L ~ - - *TeLueGeuew pue ‘ealzeszstuiupe ‘aatznoexq
o's bb ss 2b s‘h 9° - - - ’ *yeoruyoe; pue Azperoeds Teuolssejoug
97> zib oF bib ib L O° bob | Ov'sbb | Z°ecr pitti riitts sates Guipntoxg
bb “ve oe gb ob “ O'soh | 2° bob | Over sretees **suolzednoo0 4eT 7109-03 14M
g'b 2'b ee tb s"h z 2° ObL “°esb b'bsh titres crtttstseptes Burpntoxg
sb 6s os zh st a) gest | beck | acest trttees Ttttt suexjJom Aujsnpul ezeatag
“B86r S86r Z86b B86r Beer Ze6t ss6l [ ee6r Z86t
eunr ew eunr eunr eM eunr eunr sew eunr
pepug SyzuOW Zh epugz SUyUOW © COOL=TSET SUnFY SeLses
doy sebueyy juecsed sexepuy

dnou6 uotzednoo0 pue Auzsnpu

Aq ‘s4ex40m Asjpsnput a2eAlLud ‘xepuy 3s09 pUEWACTdUy

(pezsnfpe AyTeuosees oN)
“ge eTqeL
NOILVSNAdWO3


*seTqe}? JO pue Ze SezZ0UZ004 ee5 = :FI0ON
seTgeTiene jou ezeq -

62 - - on o'r - - - - stress ssuoLzednss0 e801 Asag
“ese - - teh 6° - - ~ - ***su0Lzedno00 set Too-enTg
zh - - bh g - - - - tirtttstseqtes 6uipntoxq
6's - - oh 6° - - - - **suotzednd90 seTTOS-0314M
es we ee och 6° “ er leb o°9sh g2ee ‘**seluzsnpuy Gulunzoeynuewuoy
es 6b eb o1 for “ . . . thee te eeee ees pe3 pdeoy
ran 6's Vs orb L L - - - ste Se0LAseS YPTEOH
oS oS = g 2° s'h - - - trtttssseotases sseuisng
6°> sib g°b s o'L a 8° 65h 9° 8b) gabon whee Testes ses "Sad LATeS
09 _ _ Zz 2 . . . _ tee tests + eoueunsuy
6 6S - a os we - - - torts *sepouebe 4 1peto
4eyz0 pue-‘ueoT pue s6uraes ‘buryueg

o's “2 ge “ 6° 2 brost | beet | Orgeh [rctt triste ts *suorzedns90 setes 6uipntoxq
a2 bre Le sh oF S't- | ost | 6zsL | scist trrtsssse3e3s8@ Tees pue ‘aoueunsul ‘eoueuty

- _ _ s° 9° . . . . bees de eeeee +++8e4038 pooy
o's 2g Le 6'L err sb “L'bsb | 2°62b b°Leb pret weeeeeere “crc epewy TLezey
2g £'e ors a 9 a 2:eeh | 9h | SSSh [rites h tits st suotyednooe sepes Buipntoxy
ee rd 5 rand a pon Zibbh | Or6Sh | ZcZEL [root teeter tee ste e ss tepedg STeseTOUM
os e's e's sib g: [a 27set | b'Sst | Scosh frcccstts suozedno00 soytes 6uIpntorg
re re e°e oz 6° ob oot | GLEE | GozE [oss t tet ‘c*"**eped} TLezeu pue eTeseToUY

- - - 6° ab ~ - - - ‘es*seoLAues Avezjues pue ‘se6 ‘914u3007]

= = = ¢- ¢ : > = ee ec eee eta cenetnettaee + suo Lzed tunuMo
vz “2 92 3° 2 L = z = Seen ee eee ee ee tenes Se1stTI3N OLTGNg
rad e-2 et itt 6 o4 rz = z st eeeeee rrtteseeeeeses suo tqequodsued]
g°2 g°2 We 6° a 6° sesh | Sesh | S°62b freee ss sergeTegn oLtqnd pue uolzez40dsueay
62 . . OL ot . . . . teen eee e eens *suotyednooe eo1aues
“sé = 2 nf = z = seeeee tittssss+suotzednd00 seTpoo-entg
ar z = on io = z = = seeeee te eeeeee *Ssseqtes BulpnToxg
es - - GL 6° - - - - tte srstessssuotzedno50 yveTToo-03 14M
6's “ee os orl 6° 3 S'obt | best | stsst fortte: ‘i tsuopzedno00 sees buipntoxg
Le re o's ob ort zZ'0 sot | S'2sb | soe foe: ttre seluysnpul Guronpoid-ao1ases
BSE | PORE | aaa | SUR | PORE (EEE | RE [POE Ta

‘ : : sun
oo ee ou se\ueg
sexepuy

(pezsn[pe AzTTeuosees jon)

penutzu0g—dnous
uozedno00 pue Auzsnput Aq ‘svexu0m Aujsnpul ezpeatad “ATU seLuetes pue sebem soy xepuy }s0g JuEewAoTduA -y eTqe)

Saruvivs adNy S39VM


N

United States

Department ¢

News

Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212

Technical, historical contact: USDL: 88-361

Felicia Nathan (202) 523-1165

Media contact: FOR RELEASE: 10:00 A.M. £.0.T.
Kathryn Hoyle (202) 523-1913 Tuesday, July 26, 1988

EMPLOYMENT COST INDEX - JUNE 1988

The Employment Cost Index (ECI) rose 1.1 percent in the 3 months ended in June
1988 to a level of 142.1 (June 1981=100), the U.S. Department of Labor's Bureau of
Labor Statistics reported today. For the year ended in June, the increase was 4.6
percent. The ECI measures changes in compensation costs--wages, salaries, and
employer costs for employee benefits. It is not seasonally adjusted.

The 1.1 percent increase in compensation costs in the March-June 1988 period was
above the 0.7 percent gain in the same period a year ago. This acceleration, result-
ing primarily from higher health insurance costs and wage and salary increases, was
concentrated in private industry. (See table 1.) For state and local government
workers, compensation cost increases were the same in March-June 1988 as they were a
year ago (0.3 percent).

The 4.6 percent increase in compensation costs for the year ended in June 1988
was above the 3.3 percent increase a year ago. This over-the-year pattern was not as
pronounced for state and local government workers (5.0 percent, up from 4.7 percent)
as for private industry workers (4.5 percent, up from 3.0 percent). The table below
shows over-the-year changes in private industry since September of 1985:

12-month percent changes in the ECI, private industry workers

12-months Compensation Wages and Benefit
ended costs salaries costs
1985 Sept. 4.7 4.8 4.4
Dec. 3.9 4.1 3.5
1986 March 3.8 3.9 3.2
June 3.8 3.7 3.5
Sept. 3.2 3.1 3.3
Dec. 3.2 3.1 3.4
1987 March 3.1 3.2 2.9
June 3.0 3.0 3.3
Sept. 3.3 3.3 3.1
Dec. 3.3 3.3 3.5
1988 March 3.9 3.3 5.8
dune 4.5 3.7 6.4



Bes

*ezou Avozeuetdxe
‘setues Auzsnput pue ‘uotzedno.0
ezebeub6e oY43 104 aSoy} 0} aTqeueduos

*sedLases

YyzTeey pue ‘TeLoes ‘Aueuqiy ‘atduexe 4104 ‘sapntout /€
. *SpueuUseACH TedoT pue 37e3¢5
UL UoLzZesZSLULUpe OLTQnd ‘atTqeoitdde eweym ‘pue
fsa0LAses ‘eze2S58 [eau ‘eouBsnsul ‘aoueULy

fepesz “SOLZLITERN OLTGnd ‘uoLzezUSdsues} sepnToUuT a

vA

AT} t4}S FOU ase SolJtes Bsayz J0oJ SexepuL eUuL :FLON ‘Gupunpoeynuew pue ‘uotzonszsuo0d “6uluim sepntouT
fo os L2 oL oo 6 ovset | 60st | e'zzh seen eee teeee sees eseaue v3yI9
Le ae ove eb 6° s° Zeb eset bes) whee were ‘s*seese uezpLTodoszoy
ezis eaue Aq ‘ssa 4104
“es e2 ue e on Ire ook | ovbee | bie on Beene eee eee e eee eeeeeees “4s0y
gz be 7g a ue 6° brest | g'yet | se2n .t [ITE CTE4zUeD YRZ4ON ATyeus0ey) ySsempP IW
ee oe 92 ob 3 e 19EL | ovbst | Thee oe . Dheetensee seet ee ugnag
9°65 1b 0'b rant & 6 6°25 | 6°ObL | OTosE Teese . se eeee oe +++ +yseeuzu0N
uot6eu Aq ‘svexs04
ob os ss on ob mo eect | ecocn | bese deen: see ee eeee +++ GuLunzoesnuewuoN
ge a sal Ol ol - & 2 ia teens ttreesessuotgedno00 sey Too-enTg
Ob ee oe ra 24 L ose | esse | stten dees: sees terete eee eee? BuLunzoesnueW
O°b oe ars bb OvL L OOo! o°est oO bOSL rs crite sersysnput Guronpoud_ao1aues
2b “e g2 or ee 9° O°SeL o°Seh 9° 621 _ . “*/7T setugsnpur 6uronpoid-spoog
L'b - - 2b 24 - - - - tree tresresssssuotzednov0 seT{oo-entg
ob Po se 4 ol e rest | prose | grzsn dees .. pee Tee Trees suo LuNUON
sz oz ez 6 s s° s‘set | test | prose [-7: rittitinis {727 Bu Lanzoesnuewuoy
os - - L z - - - - tee +++suotzedno90 seTToo-anTg
es a ro 3° 3: s: bros | 9c6ze | z9zt dee: sheen eres estes soe.) Bur ing oegnuey
be 2% 272% L a > b°GSL br osh 22h [ote trite setszsnput Gutonpouwd-eo tases
re o's be 3° 2 o 2 ozt | 2°e2t | esate */T setszsnput bu ponpoud-spoog
6°72 - - “ ¢° - - - - tee trrteessss+suotzedno.0 seT[oo-enTg
62 92 Ly 20 50 s'0 ovzet [| ocist | eceze dee: seen eee tie e etre tee eee ees suo LUA
snzejs Guture6seq Aq ‘sue 7404
S86r S86r 2861 ee6t S86T Z86t 886r ELI Ze6t
eunr + sey eunr eunr sey eunr eunr “ey aun,
pepuy SuyUOW ZT eS 0 Coo uy SOLses
—— ES Sa senueds—qussasqe sexepuy

(pezsn[pe ApTTeuosees joN)

ezis eeue pue ‘uolGeu ‘snze3zs

Burure6seq Aq ‘Sserxu0mM Auzsnpulr ezeatud ‘ATUo seLuetTes pue se6em u0y xepur S07 pueurotduqg +7 eTge,

Saruvivs aNy Sa9vM


‘seTqe} yo pus ze S830uUz004 aes

sazou Asvopeuetdxe

Beg ‘“setyves Aujpsnpul pue ‘uolzedno00
97e6eu66e |ayz 404 |soy} 03 aTqeteduios

ATZOLAPS POU Vue Seles Bsey} 40} SexepuL EYL :3LON

‘eTqeTLeAe jou ezeq —

ib os ore a 2th 6° q'set | gtsct | 2708h strttes rtttrssss tt *Seeve 410470
G*b O'b oe 2b ot “ S'Obt | 6°8Eb bo osh wets sottesessseecssseaue ueztTodoszey
ezis eeue Aq ‘sua xu0y
6s Ie 02 6 s‘t 2 Gest | Eel | 2°bSh sees ns tetera son,
bb bb 2°¢ 2 6° G°Sel b ost 2°0sh tee (Te4zUED YRION ATYeuoy) ZSeMpP LW
9°5 ee 22 ron et 2 Sess | beast | 2'sst sees Seeteetee wee eet eet uanOg
ere ob ob or er e 6°SbL | L'Sbh | O° 8Eh eee teen eeeee tt +s aseeuzu0N
uoi6en Aq ‘sue4104
9b ee ee gb bib “ S byt | beesh | ecsen tint Tiitttecstssss 6upunzoesnueuuoy,
g'b - - Sih GL - - - - tees stt+suotzedno00 se, foo-antg
S*> ab Le o'L ot ce 2°6eh e°Zeb e°eet wre weteee seer cereess Supunzoesznuey
s'b as ere bob ana s° G'2bb S°ObL b°OSh vets ‘7@ se.azsnput GuLronposd-eo1ases
ob bs e2 ob ob e e°zeL o° Osh ec bet ntees “'*/T selajzsnpur 6uponposd-spoop
eb . _ ob ob . - . _ eee teeeeeeees+suotjedno90 seTToo-entg
$5 o'b o's 4 1 L“ L'0bs | 6° REL | 9's eee see eeeeneeene ster eee suo LunuON
o's Le be o'L s “ s°2eb 2°9eh s°sel _ petrete ses **6utunzoesnuewuoy
0°9 - - 6 ez - = - = tresssuetzednose seTTOo-anTg
Bs S'S bk 6° Le s° zo9eb | o'set | 2°82 7 setters ees *burunzoesnuey
ie “2 s'2 o'b orb 9 b'6st | o'eet | 2st . [7 Selaysnput GuLronpoud—e01Ases
s eb ot 6° bre s° e°set bbeh L°e2b _ “1°77 satuysnpur 6ulonpoud-spoog
Lb - - 6 o'z - - - - of trtttsss+suotzedno00 seTToo-entg
6 6S 6h OL oT $0 69ek | ovgen | 2teh oe see eeeeees rebate ee ees tuo LUA
‘ snzezs Gututre6seq Aq ‘sua u0y
B86r Be6r Z86b S86r Beer Z86r Beer S86T Z86T
eunr *seW oun eune eunr +e Sun;
Pepuy SUyUOW eT oe tooleres Tsu setses
oF SBBUEUT ‘SOxXepUuy

eZzIS eeve pue ‘uolbeu

cpezsnf[pe ATTeuoseas jon)

‘snzezs G6ururebuyeq Aq ‘SssexJom Auzsnpul ezeatsd ‘xepuy 3S09 jUEUACTdWy “9 eTqeL

NOTLVSN3dN09


bd 6's b°2 s eb > L'9sh 9'SEb setters sss sseTqeinpuon
bs bs £72 3° ca 2 best b'esh seeeeees vee tseTqeung
we - - 9° 2 - - - sees essuorzednod0 BdLASeS
bs - - g° 9° - - - ++suotzednooso weTTO9~enNTg
276 - - g° eh - - - sot +seTes GuLpntoxg
2b - - L och - - - *suotzedno90 sweT[OO-271UM
ere oe foe 3° e boosh g7eet feeeeeeeee SPU LINZOeZNUEH
ob s°s ye bb ovb ca oleh 6°S2b sere ses sess ss UO LPONAPSUOD
o's - - S° ¢* - - - sereesssuorzednos0 BoLAsES
os - - o'L 9° - - - ++++suorpednoo0 yeTTOo-enTg
g°b - - 6° oib - - - . sf t+sates 6ulpnToxd
grb - - 3° ecb - - - ++++suotzedno50 4eTTO9-23 UM
es oe bre bib 3° s° 2°seh gcysh ssuoyzednoo0 sates GuipnTo%<
ss gs £72 6° 6° 2°eeh o'2sh seee*,7 setazsnpur 6uronpoad-spoog
os bre os ob ob > ercsh gosh verses ssuorzedns00 BOLAJES
O'b 6s 6b ce bb oe Gg’ leh Log9eb tress syeuogeT pue ‘suedTey
‘sueueaTo jueud"~nbe ‘SsuaTPueH
zs “72 Z'2 bib L° a geszb | ztszb i stbab |iititt? “Gupaow TeLsezew pue uopzezsodsueL
oe S's se ob s° orb 2 yeh | 66zt | c:92b Poo verses ee ssozoedsul pue
‘suetquesse ‘ssozesedo SuLyoey
ca ce g°2 ovL 3° L bossh best g'ezh stapedas pue 3Je49 «uoLponpoid Uuols}oetd
Ee ore £°2 6° e bet 6°62) 9°9e1 verte sertteeessuotzednove seTTOo-enTg
ran) bb cae L gt 6° 2° bob 2° 0bL G'seh yeoLyeTo Gurpnpour «quoddnS eatpeszs LU LMPY
6°z 3° o°2 oz ih ¢ goes | scz2b | bidet peveesee se leeteerseeeers tees SETS
oe ran £7 orb s a g° bbb 6° 6b b°9OSh yepue6euew pue als eee ate ant fOALZNDOXA
gb ob se oib O'b s° B'Gbh O bbl b'6sh sf ss qTeotuyoez pue yTepseds Teuopssesoud
2b 6's S's o'b ob L 6°Zbh Gi bbt bideb setae herretestsaqes BuipnTog
ob £°¢ ee ecb ob ce B°Obb o°6sh b°Gsth reese ee ees sereeessuoLzednos0 4eTTOo-23 1UM
6's oe o's orl 6" “ 2°Zeb 6°SSt bceb sereeeeeseeresereeessates BULPNTHG
“ve £°¢ ove rb ovr “0 9° 9SL beset “ust veeeee seeees suaxyom Aazsnpul ezeAttd
weer | wage [cust {Sear | 988) | Sune | sune ee | sun
pepug SUPUCW a t; Ltd uy SUpUOW 0 seecpur ue) SOLtes

cpezsnfpe ATTeuosees FON)

: dnou6
uotzedno90 pue Auzsnput Aq ‘sseaxsom Aszsnput azeaisd ‘ATuo sepsetes pue sebem soy xepuy 3509 yzuewAotdug ‘4 eTdeL

saluvivs aNy Sd9vM


*seTqe} yo pue ye SezOUZOOS ES ALON
reTgeTiene you ezeg -

sty aa) 679 9 gt o ziuge | gross | gibee [ects trtterssss yopyeazsiurupe oiTand
a's 9:5 2g £° L 1 brost | ecest | cost fi77° 7? ttt tAuepuooes pue Avejzuowe[ a
gs es Ss oo t e-7eh | ec9gh | tebe tecttt sete eb etee senses eet eet SS TOOUIS
= = = 6 - - f 2 2 seeees seeeeee ++ +speztdsoy
eb os ee ro 9 = z z seca cee eeeeseee+seaLades UzTPOH
o's o's 6's 1° “£2 a o°Ost g°ost g°ebb frit! 7E SedlAses weyzo pue sTezidsoH
os oS 25 s ot 2 ose | z7sct | Otdbb fortes teceete ree sree eee e  SOLATSS
. uotstatp Aazsnput Aq ‘s48xJ0M
£7 oe Ze o° tb > 6°SbL 6°SbL fi boe [ott seeeeeessuotzednos0 seTTOO-enTg
2g 2s ars s° oh 2 2°sst | gost | S'2bb Poon trtessssuogzedno00 JeTTOo- 23 LUM
. dnou6 Teuotzedno00 Aq ‘s18>%410M
o's 65 Lo <° och 2° g°ssh bssh f°9pb frre *SuarxJom ZUEMIUIEACH TedeT Pue 2727S
£79 9° aE oh e*4 “ bicob e7OoL e'9gh ft te sents yg Suponpo.sd-90 1nses
sb bb £°% be ab L beish g°SEr gosh fron treteresseeeyT BuLonpoud-spoog
uoeistatp Aszsnput Aq ‘ssexJ0M
OE 6:2 is bh ort b° biobt | gigh | 2:seb [otic tt? trtrersssssuopzednoo0 ao, Aes
Lib bib s°2 bb ab 6° g°ssh | bbsh | Grob [oii i ttt! trtretsuopzedno00 JeTTOo-onTg
bb “ee os "tb oy “ o°sbh | 2°bbb | Ovzeh Porn seesesuopzednoo0 seT{oo-23 LUM
dnou6 yeuorzednss0 Aq ‘Ss4e>4J0M
sb oe ors ras s‘b gost | beech | eeseh [or trtteses suaxsom Augsnpul eZeAttd
bb 6S ee ie ob “ 6'Sbl | s°zbb seen sees eee e ees Gupunzoegnuewuoy
s'b e'b 67> 9° git yo 2'ysh | 70st pitt + uoLzeuzstuLupe OLTGnd
Ls 1S S*b bb ei a 2 - seeeee sesettee Steg idsoy
eS $b Lb oL Z4 9° _ a seeeee tees +seopades UFTEOH
s°S 2s 9b L sh bo” gresh g°2st ttre wrttetes +2 *SOD ANOS
Gib O'b 6's Ob gb 9° bicbh 9° Soh verses trtts7Z Guronposd—-991Aseg
o's Lib Ze o'} O° a best gs 9sb were torre tess 6urangoegnuey
Lo g°b £72 eb ae “ g° leh eset sree stresses Bulonpoud-spoog
uotstatp Aazsnput Aq ‘S18>440M
ab aes oe OTL sh a gi bbl 6°2bb s'eel seteeeeeees srettesssuopzednsd0 BdLAJES
Lio £'> g'2 bob “yb s 2° 9eh Lioeh boet | * pete s+suotzednd50 eT TOo-enTg
ob bb ere ovr bit 9° L°Sbb 27 bbb g°oct [°° settee *suot}edno90 weTTOo-3} LUM
dnou6 yeuotzednos0 Aq ‘S18%410M
ob bb £°¢ wh bh : zo Liebe 9° Oot 6°seb fr" veteees serereesssces Saex4tom UPETEALD
Beet 886t Z86t Se6r B86r Z86t seer Se6t Z86t
aune + dey aune aun + sey eunr eunr * Jey eunr
pepuy_SqyUOW Zt pepuy sqiuoy © COOl=Te6r SUNT se 149s
ST oF sepueyy EE SexXepur

cpeysnfpe ATTeuosees joN)
dnou6 Auzsnput pue uotjzednoo0 Aq xepul 3509 zuewAotTduy *4| eTqeL



EMPLOYMENT COST INDEX: Private Industry

Percent changes for 12-month periods ending March, June, September
and December, for total compensation, wages and salaries, and benefit costs

Percent
14-4
13
124
114
10

°
8-4

74

1980 “1961 1982 1983 1064 | 1985 1986 1987 1988
SOD a a

[Mare]
[June} September



2

Benefit cost increases in private industry for the year ended in June 1988
(6.4 percent) were almost twice as large as they were a year ago (3.3 percent). (See
table 5.) The large over-the-year increases in benefit costs resulted primarily from
arise in the employer's social security tax rate from 7.15 to 7.51 percent occurring
in the first quarter of 1988 and higher health insurance costs jn both the first and
second quarters of 1988.

Wage and salary gains in private industry for the year ended in June 1988 (3.7
percent) also were higher than they were a year ago (3.0 percent). (See table 4.)
This relationship held for both white-collar occupations (4.0 percent, up from 3.3
percent) and blue-collar occupations (3.6 percent, up from 2.3 percent). Wage and
salary gains for service occupations were the same as a year ago (3.0 percent).

Over-the-year pay gains in private goods-producing industries (3.8 percent) were
about the same as those in service-producing industries (3.7 percent). The pattern
differed, however, for occupational groups within those industry categories. In
goods-producing industries, pay increases were higher for white-collar occupations
(4.3 percent) than for blue-collar occupations (3.5 percent) and service occupations
(3.0 percent). In service-producing industries, on the other hand, pay increases
were about the same for white-collar (3.8 percent) and blue-collar occupations (3.7
percent), while those for service occupations were lower (2.9 percent).

June 1987-88 wage and salary advances for nonunion workers (4.0 percent)
exceeded those for union workers (2.9 percent), as they have since 1983-84. With
benefit cost increases included, however, compensation cost increases for nonunion
and union workers were similar (4.5 percent and 4.3 percent, respectively). In
manufacturing, compensation cost increases for union workers (5.8 percent) exceeded
those for nonunion workers (4.5 percent). With the comparison limited to blue-collar
workers in manufacturing, the difference was even larger (6.0 percent for union
workers, compared with 4.3 percent for nonunion). (See tables 6 and 7.)

ERI III II RI IKI III II TAI IIIS IIA II AAI AISI IS III IISA SASSI IEE II SII IIASA III.

This release includes, for the first time, new ECI series on changes in *
compensation costs for broad occupational categories within private
goods-producing, service-producing, manufacturing, and nonmanufacturing
industries (tables 3 and 4), as well as for blue-collar occupations

by union status in all private industry and in manufacturing (tables

6 and 7). To incorporate these new series, the tables in this release
have been rearranged: Tables 3 and 4 now include both industry and
occupation data, table 5 includes benefit cost changes, and tables 6
and 7 include data by union status, region, and area size.

This release also includes first-time estimates of quarterly changes in
compensation costs and in wages and salaries for workers in state and
local government hospitals. (See tables 1 and 2.) The addition of
these series is part of the Federal government's effort to improve

statistical programs for service-producing industries.
IISA IIR IAAI AI II TAK III IIASA IAI IASI IASI ASIII AISI ISI ISIE II ISIS AISI IIIS II,

et Ob OF Ok Ob OF OF OF OF OF OF OR OF
2k OF OR OR OF OF FO RO

ECI data for September 1988 will be released on Tuesday, October 25, 1988, at
10:00 a.m. £.0.T.


13
EXPLANATORY NOTE

The Employment Cost Index (ECI) is a measure of the change in the cost of
labor, free from the influence of employment shifts among occupations and
industries. The compensation series includes changes in wages and salaries
and employer costs for employee benefits. The wage and salary series and the
benefit cost series* provide the change for the two components of compen-
sation. .

Wages and salaries are defined as the hourly straight-time wage rate or,
for workers not paid on an hourly basis, earnings divided by the corresponding
hours. Straight-time wage and salary rates are total earnings before payrol]
deductions, excluding premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends and
holidays, shift differentials, nonproduction bonuses, and lump-sum payments
provided in lieu of wage increases. Production bonuses, incentive earnings,
commission payments, and cost-of-living adjustments are included in straight-
time wage and salary rates.

Benefits covered by the ECI are: Paid leave (vacations, holidays, sick
leave, and other leave); supplemental pay (premium pay for overtime, shift
differentials, nonproduction bonuses, and lump-sum payments provided in lieu
of wage increases); insurance benefits (life, health, and sickness and
accident); retirement and savings benefits (pension and other retirement plans
and savings and thrift plans); legally required benefits (social security,
railroad retirement and supplemental retirement, railroad unemp loyment
insurance, Federal and state unemployment insurance, workers! compensation,
and other legally required benefits such as state temporary disability); and
other benefits (severance pay, supplemental unemployment plans, and
merchandise discounts in department stores).

The ECI provides data for the civilian economy, which includes the total
private economy, excluding farms and households, and the public sector,
excluding the Federal government. The private industry series and the state
and local government series provide data for the two sectors separately.

Each quarter, straight-time average hourly wage and salary rates and
benefit cost data (cents-per-hour-worked) are collected from a probability
sample of about 18,000 occupations within 3,400 sample establishments in
private industry and about 3,500 occupations within 700 sample establishments
in state and local governments. Data are collected for the pay period
including the 12th day of the survey months of March, June, September, and
December. ECI statistics are neither annualized nor adjusted for seasonal
‘influences.

The sample establishments are classified in industry .categories based on
the 1972 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC), as defined by the U.S.
Office of Management and Budget.

1 The benefit cost indexes provide the change in the cost of benefits to a
fixed labor force. They are not price indexes for a fixed market basket of
benefits. Therefore, the indexes will change as a result of either a change
in the price of benefits provided (for example, higher pay for holidays) or a
change in the benefits (for example, an additional holiday).