ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers! on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly eamings
Industry May Mar. Apr. May May Mar. Apr. May
1994 1995 1995P_ | 1995P 1994 1995 1995P | 1995P

Total private ... eeseeeee $174.09 $11.36 $11.41 $11.39 $385.93 | $389.65 | $391.36 | $390.68
Seasonally adjusted . 11.08 11.34 11.40 11.38 384.48 | 39236 | 994.44 | 390.93
Goods-producing .. 12.67 12.86 12.93 12.95 25.81 | 527.26 | 515.91 | 528.36
Mining ...... 14.83 15.24 15.29 15.24 659.94 | 670.56 | 67582 | 675.13
Consiruction . 14.62 14.84 14.88 14.98 580.41 | 565.40 | 56098 | 576.79
Manufacturing 12.01 12.25 12.29 12.27 504.42 | 510.83 | 496.52 { 509.21
Durable goods 12.62 12.83 12.80 12.80 541.40 | 546,56 | 524.80 | 541.44
Lumber and wood products 9.80 9.95 9.98 10.03 407.68 | 401.98 | 401.20 | 408.22
Furniture and fixtures... 9.45 967 976 972 377.06 | 381.00 | 367.95 | 375.19
Stone, clay, and glass products 12.10 12.25 12.43 12.31 533.61 | 52063 | 525.79 | 531.79
Primary metal industiies 14.24 14.41 14.78 14.48 637.95 | 63980 | 637.02 | 638.57
Biast furnaces and basic steet products 16.74 17.03 17.67 17.23 749.95 | 76124 | 795.15 | 769.29
Fabricated metal products eo. 11.89 12.05 12.02 12.05 508.89 | 512.13 | 484.41 | 508.51
Industrial machinery and equipment .. 12.95 13.15 13.05 19.17 565.92 | 577.29 | 544.19 | 572.90
Electronic and other electrical equipment 11.48 11.54 11.48 11.54 483.31 | 478.91 | 461.50 | 475.45
Transportation equipment .. 16.41 16.66 16.46 16.42 731.89 | 741.37 | 696.26 | 719.20
Moior vehicles and equipment .. 16.92 17.28 17.00 16.91 786.78 | 790.86 | 734.40 | 757.57
Instruments and related products 12.37 12.63 12.68 12.66 514.59 | 526.67 | 512.27 | 522.86
Miscellaneous manufacturing ... 9.60 9.90 9.94 9.94 384.00 395.01 986.67 394,62
Nondurable goods 14.19 11.45 11.59 11.53 456.55 | 463.73 | 458.96 | 465.81
Food and kindred pr 10.64 10.87 10.95 10.94 433.05 | 441.32 | 49581 | 446.35
Tobacco products 20.27 20.44 20.03 21.66 78850 | 778.76 | 773.16 | 892.39
Textile mil products 9.06 9.30 9.38 9.38 378.71 | 383.16 | 374.26 | 979.89
Apparei and other textile products 7.28 751 7.62 7.56 274.46 | 280.12 | 270.51 | 280.48
Paper and allied products 13.71 14.03 14.27 14.18 600.50 | 60469 | 605.05 | s09.74
Printing and publishing .. - 12.05 12.26 12.24 12.21 462.72 | 470.78 | 461.54 | 463.98
Chemicals and allied products 15.05 15.43 15.72 15.53 650.16 | 668.12 | 68068 | 666.24
Petroleum and coal products ... 18.76 19.38 19.55 18.83 821.69 | 841.09 | 858.25 | 798.39
Rubber and misc. plastics products 10.69 10.80 10.78 10.90 452.19 | 451.44 | 493.36 ) 455.62
Leather and leather products .. 7.97 8.13 8.33 8.31 306.85 | 309.75 | 309.04 | 321.60
Service- producing .. 10.54 10.84 10.89 10.85 346.77 | 951.22 | 957.19 | 352.63
Transportation and public ulilities .... 13.74 14.06 14.13 14.01 549.60 | 549.75 | 568.14 | 553.40
Wholesale trade .. 12.03 12.25 12.45 12.92 464.36 | 46550 | 476.84 | 469.39
Retail trade 747 7.63 7.65 7.68 215.88 | 21593 | 221.09 | 220.42
Finance, insurance. and real estate 11.84 12.21 12.32 12.25 427.42 | 493.46 | 447.22 | 432.43
Services 11.01 11.36 11.40 11.36 358.93 | 365.79 | 370.50 | 365.79

1 See footnote 1, table B-2, NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 1994 benchmarks

= preliminary. and updated seasonal adjustment factors,


HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7, Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

Number ot
unemployed persons Unemployment cates!

ge and sex in thousands)
wey | am | May | May [dan] Feb. | ata | aon | May
tase | soos | r995 | 199¢ | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | i995 | 1985

| i

Total, 16 years are over rg06 | zee | raze | 6a 87 54 85 58 87
1610 24 years za | as7i | 2530 | 126 114 n7 116 na 118
1610 19 yeas 4300 | 1.ge9 | 360 | 181 167 176 164 175 178
16te 17 yea’s 639 663 seo | 204 | 200 | 207 203 aos | ats
1810 19 years “| 76 724 667 | 163 142 153 13.0 487 jar
20 10 24 years yea | 1202 | 79 | 96 85 85 at 87 88
25 yea's and over . spre | 5059 | 4972 | 48 45 42 ae 45 45
you's 4eoa | 4405 | 4.390 | 49 46 43 43 47 46
95 years arc over _ 847 599 sae | 42 39 | 3a 35 a8 | 38
Mer. 46 years ana over . azee j 4067 | ards | 62 87 54 5a sr | se
16 0 28 yea's tsao | sg65 | 3g9e | 135 | 120 a) wT vie | 123
Tero 19 years 778 728 73s | 193 174 194 179 ‘78 18a
16t0 17 years 364 365 zoo | 224 | 209 | 226 202 avr | 228
1810 19 years . : 408 393 363 | 18.0 145 167 146 161 “52
2010 24 years 764 637 esa | 10.1 aa 82 89 86 29
25 years and ove" 2797 | 2676 | 2,788 | 47 45 40 a1 45 46
25 10 54 years 24a | 2ace | 2405 | 48 46 42 42 48 ar
55 yea’s and over : 378 972 a5 | 4d 40 36 37 43 49
Women, 16 years ana over ae | 9508 | 347 | 61 56 55 58 53 55
16 t0 24 years sive | 1206 | tas | 118 107 412 "8 119 ha
16 to 19 years 58a 641 25 | 162 189 156 152 172 167
1610 17 years 275 298 a0 | 183 i) 187 138 jae | 204
1810 19 years -| 308 331 305 | 146 139 137 13 152 14a
2010 24 yeats 504 565 520 | 90 78 a7 94 83 82
25 years and over : 247s | 2980 | 2214 | 50 46 43 43 47 4a
25 to 54 years : 2210 | 2177 | 1989 51 46 45 44 52 46
55 yea's and over 272 207 248 39 37 32 34 33 38

* Unemployment as a percent af the civiian lator force.

Table A-

. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands}

T
H Total Men Women
Category
May May May May May May
1994 1995 y99e | 1995 1394 1996
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE | |
|
Tota: not in me labor torce 86,947 23607 | 23,836, 42210 42711
Persons wno curently want a job . 6533 2,982 2.658 43:5 3875
arched tf work and available ts work now! i 1,504 736 730 923 3
Reason rot currently coking:
Discouragerer: over job prospects? 436 398 242 233, 195. 165,
Reasons other than discouragement? 1,222 1,106 494 497 728 608
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
multple jodho'ders* 7.316 7,952 3.973 4,225 3,943 are?
Petcent ol total employes 60 64 60 63 59 65
Primary job f.!l time, seccndary ob pant time ANT 4,624 2,512 2,747 1,605 1877
Primary and secondary jabs both pa’ tine 1744 1,750 578 $25 1,165 1228
Primary and secondary jobs beth full time “ 223 245 174 178 49 67
Hou's vary on prima’y or secondary joo a 1,187 1.318 604 763 493, 552
1 Data reler to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and reasons as child-care and transportation problems, as well as a siral’ number tor
were avaliable fo take aja curing the reference week. ‘which reason for nonpanicipation was no! determ:-ned
2 Includes tninks no work available, coud not tind work, lacks schooling or training, 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary joo and ‘.'l time on their
employer irks a0 young ore, and cer types of discrimination secondary job(s), not shown separately.

Inciudes those who did not actively look for work in tne prior 4 weeks for such


5

Revisions in the Establishment Survey Data

In accordance with annual practice, the establishment survey data have been revised to reflect
comprehensive universe counts of payroll jobs (benchmarks). These counts are derived principally from
unemployment insurance tax records for March 1994. In addition, new seasonal adjustment factors have
been computed, leading to revisions to data for the last 5 years.

Table B presents revised total nonfarm employment data on a seasonally adjusted basis for the period
January 1994 through February 1995. The revised data for the months from April 1994 forward
incorporate the effect of applying the rate of change measured by the sample to the new benchmark level
and updated bias adjustments, as well as new seasonal adjustment factors. In terms of data revisions, the
seasonally adjusted total nonfarm employment level for March 1994 was raised by 789,000 (747,000 on
a not seasonally adjusted basis). By February 1995, the previously published level was revised upward
by a much smailer amount—486,000.

In addition to these data revisions, this release initiates the regular publication of further industry
employment detail in table B-1. Eighteen industry series are being added, mostly in the service-
producing sector.

The June 1995 issue of Employment and Earnings will contain an article that discusses the effects of
benchmark and post-benchmark revisions. This issue also will present revised seasonal adjustment
factors to be used during May-October of 1995 and revised estimates for all regularly published tables
containing national establishment survey data on employment, hours, and earnings. A forthcoming BLS
bulletin will contain all historical data revised as a result of this benchmark and updated seasonal
adjustment factors. The full history for all establishment data series is available on magnetic tape
{call 202-606-5957). These data also are available from LABSTAT, the Bureau’s public database, on
the INTERNET. INTERNET users should use Anonymous FTP to access BLS data: stats.bls.gov. The
revised payroll employment data are in /pub/special.requests/ee directory. A service with more limited
access is available by calling 202-606-7060.

Further information on the revisions being released today may be obtained by calling 202-606-6555.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers’ on private nonfarm payrolls by

Industry, seasonally adjusted

Percent
May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May change
Industry from:
1994 1995 1995 1995 1995P 1995P Apr. 1995-
May 1995
Totai private:

Current dollars ..... $11.08 $11.29 $11.32 $11.34 $11.40 $11.38 0.2
Constant (1982) dollars’ 744 7.39 7.39 7.38 7.40 NA. (3)
Goods-producing 12.65 12.84 12.89 12.91 12.94 12.94 oO
Mining 7 14.81 15.08 15.12 16.15, 15.15, 15.21 4
Construction ..... 14.65 14,74 14.88 14.90 14.95 15.01 A
Manufacturing .. 12.00 12.21 12.24 12,25 12.28 12.27 oA
Excluding overtime 11.38 11.56 11.60 44.61 11,72 11.65 -6
Service-producing . 10.53] 10.74] 1076] 10.79] 1087} 10.84 “3
Transportation and public utilities 13.79 14.03, 14.00 14,05 14,44 14.07 5
Wholesale trade ' 7 12.01 12.23 12.24 412.27 12.41 12.31 “8
Retail trade ... . 747 7.59 7.60 7.61 7.63 7.68 a

Finance, insurance, and real
estate .. 11.80 12.08 12.09 12.16 12.28 12.20 a7
Services 11.01 11.26 11.28 11.30 11.39 11.36 “3

} See footnote 1. table B-2.

‘The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners
and Clerical Workers (CFI-W) 1s used 10 dellate this

sorties.

Change was .3 percent from March 1995 to April

1995, the latest month availabie.

4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at

the rate of time and one-halt
NAA. = not available.
P = preliminary.

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 1994
benchmarks and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted

(Percent)

Time span Jan. | Feb. | Mar. | Apr. | May | June } July | Aug. | Sept. { Oct. | Nov. | Dec.

Private nontarm payrolls, 356 industries!

Over 1-month span:
1991 . 397 | 400] 386 | 37.2] 494 | 44.2] 471 | 537 | 493 | 476 ] 462 | 458

1992 .. 423 | 452 | soi | 673 | 537] 482 | 535) 496 | 534] S70 | $22 | 58.1
1993 s76 | 615 | 514 {| 583] 614 | 5541 | 577 | S63 | 614 | 597 | 61.1) 607
1994 6oo | 633 | 659] 624 | sa0 | 638 | 605 | 61.5 | 607 } 611 | 653 |] 61.1
1995 60.3 617 57.6 | Pas.6 | Pada

Over 3-month span:

1991 sao | 326] 3:5 | 3a2| 393 | 442 | 489} 520] 521 | 449 | 438 | 41.2
1992 402 | 426 | so7 | 63 | 63 | S46} sos] S13 | 525 | 549 | 5a7 | S01
1993 sao | 612] 61a | seg | 614 | 618 | s93 | 618] 626 | 667 | 657) 63.6
1994 ess | 709 | 698 | 67.1 | 660 | 660 | 684] 683] 678] 673 | 681 | 67.4
1995 664 | 64.9 | Ps66 | Pa7.5

Over 6-month span:
1994 saseees 29.8 32.6 30.9 32.6 39.0 448 474 447 48.0 45.8 40.7 40.3

1992 434] 462 | 463 | sos | 551 | 553 | 527 | 522] 567 | 559 | 636 | 63.2
1993 e32| 638 | 626 | 642 | 608 | 639] 645) 647 | 662 | 673 | 708) 708
1994 .. m2) 702] 705 | 695 |) 698 | 691 | 705 | 709 | 69.0 | 690) 67.4 | 67.0

1995 Pes.o | P58.0

Over 12-month span:

1991 . sio| sto] at7 | arg | 317 | 338) 358 | 976 | 40.0] 45.2] 456 | 45.4
1992. u72| 423 | 427 | 441 | 480) 525] 558 | co7 | 597 | 614 | 629 | 629
1993 .. esa | 639 | 640] 654] 670 | 676 | 676} 67.0 | 702 | 694 | 688 | 69.4
1994 684] 708 | 71.9 | 702] 695 | 697 | 704 708 | 70.4 | P70.2 | Peso

1995

Manufacturing payrolls, 139 industries?

Over 1-month span:

1991 32.4 35.6 324 35.3 47d 42.4 446 52.2 43.2 47S 42.4 38.5
1992. 371 | 403 | 460] 572 | 482 | 460 | sei | 428 | 507} 475 | sia | 525
1993 . s22| s79 | sea | 442 | 514 | 460] 507 | 486 | $6.1 | 547 | 565 | 54.3
1994. soa | 612] 594} 565} 550] 590] 540} S65} 932 | 504 | S90} 57.6
1995 56.8 | $4.7 49.6 | Paa.a | Pa7.4

Over 3-month span:
1991 ..
1992 .
1993
1994
1995

2a7 | 230] 209 | 931 | 56 | 374] 471 | 471 | soa | s99 | a74 | 327
p99 | 360] 450] 514 | 522] 543 | 453 | 507 | 439 | 496 | 51.4] 536
gos | 604 | 572 | 464] 464 | 507 | 496) 543 | 53.2} 601] 561 | 57.6
651 | 665 | 644 | 590] sae | 583] 615 | 590] 615] 604} 640 | 62.2
61.5 | 56.1 | P45.3 ) P36.6

Over 6-month span:

1991 147 | 205) 216 | 248 | 349 | 385} 428] 406 | 414 | 392] 917 | 334
1992 ass | 360 | 396 | 475] ste | s25| 475 | 489 | 525] 471 | 579 | 583
1993 s76j 5651 561 | 550] 493 | 522] 554] 579 | 568 | S76} 651 | 629
1994 619 | 629 | 644] 615 | 608 | s90 | 622 | 626} 615 | 64.0 | 615 | 61.5
1995 P55.4 | P4668

Over 12-month span

1991 v5 | 162] 173 | 180 | 209 | 241 | 263] 306 | 327 | 381 | 388 | 37.4
424 | 367} 363] 360] 396 | 45.7 | 500] 558] 579] S68} 583 | 565
sos | s79 | 558 | 586} 57.2] 576 | 586 | 59.0 | 61.2 | 604 | 60.1 59.4

sa3 | sa7 | 619 | 615 | 615 | 615 | 619] 633 | 61.5 ] Peso | Pse1

1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans _ increasing pius one-half of the industries with unchanged employment,
and unadjusted data for the 12-month span, Data are centered within where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with
the span. increasing and decreasing employment. Data have been revised lo

P = preliminary, Teflect March 1994 benchmarks and updated seasonal adjustment

NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry -- Continued

(In thousands}

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Industry May | Mar. | Apr. | May | May | Jan. | feb. | Mar. | Apr | May

1994 | 1995 | 1995P | 1995P | 1994 | 1995 | 1995 ] 1995 | 1995° | 1995P

Retail rade esse a
Building materials and garden supplies
General merchandise stores ...

20,377] 20,300] 20,530} 20,781} 20,356] 20.760] 20,794] 20,760) 20.763) 20.755

854.5) 818.7) 856.1) 881.0 825 851 8st 849 853 B50
2,444.6] 2,423.4] 2,439.5] 2.4497| 2,532] 2,562| 2,545] 2.590] 2,589} 2,539

Department stores 2118.6| 2114.2] 2.129.3| 2,198.7) 2,198] 2,236] 2.223] 2,207) 2,218} 2,221
Food stores ... . . 3.277.3| 3,286.5] 3.305.9| 3,923.6] 3,289) 3,325} 3,328, 3.392] 9,343) 3,334
‘Automotive dealers and service stations .....] 2,116.1] 2,177.7] 2.1948] 2,211.9] 2,.112[ 2,182) 2,191} 2,202) 2,206) 2.207

New and used car dealers ... 957.7] 993.2| 995.3) 998.6 959 993 996 998] 1,000) 1,001
Apparel and accessory siores 4,109.3] 4,074.6] 1,077.6] 1,070.6] 1,133) 1,122] 1,118] 4,310] 1,104) 1,094
Furniture and home furnishings stores .. 8685] 935.0] 936.9] 934.3, 877 933 936 943 945 944
Eating and drinking places ... 7,3906| 7,033.1) 7,163.7] 7.9323] 7,045| 7,188) 7,221) 7.191) 7.971) 7.181
Miscellaneous retail estabtish: 2.5159] 2.548.7| 2.595.4| 2,577.2| 2,543] 2,597] 2,604/ 2,603} 2.602} 2,606

6936] 6,890] 6894) 6915] 6,935] 6,927] 6929) 6938} 6,919} 6,916
3.323} 3,304) 3,295] 3,301] 3,328] 3.312] 3,912) 9,313] 3,303} 3.307
2,070.2] 2,058.0] 2,053.4) 2,055.3] 2,075] 2,067] 2,066] 2.066{ 2,062] 2,061
1,485.0] 1,491.0| 1,486.7] 1.4876] 1,488] 1,497) 1.497] 1,499] 1.493] 1.491

Finance, insurance, and real estate
Finance ese

Depository institutions

Commercial banks

Savings institutions 314.7| 288.7} 266.9) 288.0 313 293 231 289 288) 289
Nondepository institutions 608.0} 477.7] 474.0] 477.1 507 478 475 475 472 476
Morigage bankers and brokers ....... 269.2) 223.7| 221.5] 222.8} (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 2)

Securily and commodity brokers
Holding and other investment offices

515.0] 5286, 526.8] 526.9 516 530 592 592 528 528
230.0] 239.9] 240.5) 242.1 230 237 239 240 244 242
Insurance 2.290] 2,237] 2,237) 2,233] 2,239} 2,233) 2,233] 2,298] 2,298] 2.293
Insurance carriers oe 1,554.9] 1,536.2| 1,836.0] 1,533.2} 1,555] 1,53] 1,534) 1,836) 1,536) 1,533
Insurance agents, brokers, and service 6840] 700.8] 701.0] 699.9] 684 698 699 702 702 700
Real estate sevneseveee 1.374 1,349] 1,362] 1,981] 1,368) 1.982} 1.384) 1,387/ 1,378) 1,376

Services? .
Agricultural services
Hotels and other lodging places .
Personal services
Business services

Services to buildings .

31,397] 32,319] 32,609] 32,751] 31.905] 32,226] 32,404} 32,524] 92,559] 32,619
610.5] 5219] 594.6] 618.6 560 875 580 584) 589 567
4,628.7] 1,553.3} 1,567.5] 1,628.0] 162%} 1,614] 1.614] 1,616] 1,609] 1,613
4,113.4] 1,219.3] 1,215.1] 1.1209] 1,135} 1,148] 1,160) 1,158] 1,187] 1,144
6,148.8] 6444.8] 6,480.4] 6554.9] 6.158] 6,513] 6,555] 6,570] 6,539] 6.568
8527| 862.6] 863.5) 869.4. 848 868 870 a7t 865 865
Personnel suppiy services "| 2,204.5] 2,303.1] 2,329.2} 2972.5] 2,209) 2,408) 2.427| 2,399] 2.972) 2,377
Help supply services ....... | 1,958.6] 2,037.5] 2,080.0] 2,101.2] 1,960] 2,198] 2,152) 2,138) 2.102) 2.103
Computer and data processing services 933.7) 1,021.3] 1,026.0} 1,031.8 938 994] 1,006) 1,017] 1,025} 1,036
Aulo repair, servites, and parking .. 963.7) 1,014.9] 1,015.3) 1,018.8 961] 1,006] 1,010] 1,014) 1,016] 1,016
Miscellaneous repair services 332.0] 340.1] 341.3) 340.2 333 340 342 344 342 341
Motion pictures 4503] 576.2] 596.4] 619.1 453 545 566! S77 598) 623
‘Amusement and re 1,990.0] 1,331.2] 1,438.8] 4,534.3] 1,343) 1,380) 1,398] 1,434] 1.453) 1,457

Health services ... . 8,957.6| 9,178.8] 9,192.8] 9.2114] 6970] 9.141] 9,168] 9,197) 9.211] 9,221
Offices and clinics of medical doctors ......|_ 1,532.3] 1,571.0] 1,874.4] 1,878.1] 1,535] 1,563) 1,570) 1,576} 1,579) 1,580
Nursing and personal care facilities .....,....] 1,638.41 1,675.5] 1,676.4) 1,674.1] 1,644) 1.672] 1,676] 1,679} 1,681] 1.679
Hospitals .. : 3,762.0] 3,797.7) 3,802.0] 3,803.0 3,770] 3,792] 3,796) 3.802] 3,810) 3.814
Home heal . 561.0] 596.1] 597.8] 603.7 548 597 596 599 so7 601

Legal services ..... 920.9) 927.9) 926.4} 924.0 926 931 932 933 932 930

Educational services
Social services
Child day care services

1,851.0] 1,980.4] 1,983.1] 1913.5] 1.819] 1.843] 1,864) 1,863] 1,866] 1,880
2,176.1 2,268.3| 2,272.5] 2,284.5) 2,163] 2,244] 2,284) 2,264) 2,263) 2,271
514.3] 833.9] 34.4) 539.3 497 514 517 519) 518 821

Residentiai care ...... ST) sse.0] 627.5) 628.8] 631.9 597 623 626 629 631 633
Museums and botanical and zoological
gardens : B16} 75.5] 79.0] 83.9) 79 80 81 81 8 at

Membership organizations...

2,055.9] 2,046.7| 2,046.2| 2,053.9] 2,059] 2,062) 2,060) 2,059] 2,056] 2,056
Engineering and management services

2,548.4] 2,671.1] 2,687.9| 2,672.8] 2,554) 2,634] 2,648] 2,658) 2,675] 2,678

Engineering and architectural services 769.4) 786.9} 7909] 797.4] 770) 793 795| 795} = 799} 798
Management and public relations .. 711.8| 770.2] 785.5] 795.01 703] 752) 762) «= 773) 788 792
ServiceS, NEC neces - 397] 40.7] 40.9] 41.5] (1) (1) a a) () ay
Government .. 19,482) 19.643] 19.621] 19,620] 19.093] 19.222| 19,24} 19,248] 19,247] 19.225
Federal ... . 2.873] 2,822) 2.802 2,802) 2.873) 2,838) 2.831) 2,828) 2.808} 2,802
Federal, except Postal Service . 2,067) 1,988] 1.967| 1,965} 2,062| 2,004] 1,997} 1,992) 1,969) 1.961
State — 4609) 4,736] 4.732} 4,664] 4.548] 4,599] 4.610) 4,613) 4,607| 4,602
Education oe 1,928.2) 2,045.1] 2,041.4] 1.973.8| 1,867] 1.889] 1,901) 1,904) 1,906) 1,911
Other State government . 2.681 1| 2,690.4) 2,690.6) 2,690.5] 2,681] 2,710} 2.709) 2,703) 2,701) 2.691
Loca! ne 42,000] 12,085) 12,087] 12,154] 11.672) 11.785] 11,800] 11,807) 11,882) 11,821
Education 6,823.3} 6,975.4] 6961.3] 6,9829| 6,465] 6,577) 6,591} 6,699] 6617} 6,619

5.1763] 5,109.1] 5,125.9] $170.7] 5207) 5,208| §,209| 5,208] 5.215] 5,202

Other local government

1 These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the trepds.
seasonal component, which is smali relative to the trend-cycle and includes other industries, not shown separately.
irregular components. cannot be separated with sufficient precision. ® = preliminary,

BP this series is not suilabie for seasonal adjustment because it has NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 1994 benchmarks
very litle seasonal and irreguiar movement. Thus, the not seasonally and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

adjusted series can be used for analysis of cyclical and long-term


HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
(Numpers in tnousards}
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted’
Employment status, race. sex, age. and
Hispanic origin
May Apt May May Jan. Feb, Mar. Apr May
1994 1995 | 1995 | i904 | 1995 | 1995 1995 | 1995 | 1998
WHITE
Cian noninsitutional population | 165,981 | 166,613 | 166.708 | 165,351 | 168,961 | 166.444 | 166,521 | 168.613 | 166,708
Givitan tabor force wo tro769 | 1111338 | 111,494 | 140,820 | 111,876 | 111,830 | 111,999 | 12189 | 111,568
Parvorpatton rate . 67.0 56.8 b59 67.0 er2 672 67.3 673 66.9
Employed “| ros.183 | 105,866 | 105,116 | 104,978 | 196,366 | 106.6c4 | 106.698 | :06,500 | 198,935
Employment-population rat o 636 636 637 635 03.9 64.0 641 63.9 035
Unemployed _ 5587 | 5.452 | sa7e| seer | ssio | 5226 | sao1 | 5.653 | 5.608
Unemp'oymert rate 5.0 49 48 53 49 47 ar 5.9 5.0
Men, 20 years and over
Civitan aber force coun} 87209 | $7578 | s7653 | 57,124 | 57.848 | 57.841 | 57.868 | 57,768 | 57.594
Partc pation ale : 7A 770 W74 770 715 75 75 378 716
Employee 54683 | 55.004 | 95,176 | 54.443 | 55,209 | 55,508 | 55.448 | 5.225 | 54,056
Emp oynrert: population £0 conn 737 736 738 73.4 74.4 74.3 74.2 733 73.5
Unemployed 2se5 | as7a | 2477 | 2676] 2589 | 2003 | 2420 | asae | 2.038
Unemployment rate : 44 45 43 47 44 40 42 44 46
Women, 20 years and over
Giviian labor force ar2ra | 4750s | 47,426 | 47,286 | 47,443 | 47.525 | 47.494 47,432
Parti pation r@%@ oo won| 382 59.1 589 59.2 590 591 59.1 53.9
Emoioyea “| 45240 | 45.622 | 45,539 | 45.103 | 45.419 | a5se1 | 45.515 45,403,
Employment: population ratic : 56.8 56.7 566 565 56.5 567 56.6 56.4
Unemployed 2,028 1,963 1,886 2,183 2,024 1,944 1,978 2.028
Unemployment rate co 43 at 40 46 43 44 42 43
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Cviian labor force e208 | 6175 | sats | 5419 | 6580 | 6.404 | sear | se19 | 642
Participation rate cuuann| 58.9 541 56.1 574 58.1 56.9 58.3 580 572
Employed : 5254 | 5,260 | s4oo} s4a7 | sesa | ssi5 | s73s | 9.653 | 5.875
Employment-population -atio : 467 46.1 472 48.3 49.9 485 50.4 49.5, 48.8
Unemployed . _ 1,033 915 | 1,015 992 928 949 903 365, 967
Unemployment rate : joa 148 158 155 141 147 186 146 148
Men beset 7 79 15.8 16.1 17.0 15.0 16.1 14.7 15.3 15.2
Womer 149 138 155 137 134 131 124 138 143
BLACK
xan norinsituconel poputon su] 22,024 | 23,160 | 29,192 | 22,804 2ai7 | 29142 ) 23,169 | 23,192
Cwiran labor torce oe 14.420 | 147758 | 141723 | 141510 yasea | tasis | i493e | 14/803
Paricpation rate _ 63.2 638 635 636 64.3 64.0 645 63.8
Employed _ 12.743 | 13,260 | 13,274 | 12,810 13,3682} 13,970 | 19,937 | 19,936
Employment-populat on 1a vn 558 57.1 572 56.1 57.8 578 576 578
Uremp oyed 1677 | 1,535 | 1,489 | 1,700 ysos | te | sor | 1.467
Unemployment rate _ 116 toa 28 WT tot a8 jor 99
Men, 20 years and over
Civihan labor torce 6.715 6,808 6,760 6,709 6796 6812 6,828 6,826 6,749
Paricioation rato _ 734 735 734 733 738 73.7 738 737 13.0
Employed 6.036 6,202 6,183 6,017 6,172 6.272 6,297 6.221 6,158
Employment-populaticn ‘ato 2 66.0 66.9 66.9 658 66.8 678 58.0 671 6.8
Unemployed cnc onn 679 608 578 692 624 540 531 605 591
Unemployment rae . 10.4 89 a5 103 92 79 78 89 88
Women, 20 years and over
Civiban labor ferce. 6.951 7171 rab 6,997 7127 7.169 7.131 7,205 7,153
Participation vaio : - 60.6 e168 b10 61.0 bia 67 613 e198 rey
Employed SOUTER] 6z69 | 6.826 | 6567 | 6296 | 6521 | 6820] 6.482 | 6.532 | 6,503
Employment: population ratio . “S48 56.0 56.3 549 56.2 56.1 557 56.1 56.6
Unemp oyed . 682 645 544 701 608 628 629 673 559
‘Unemp oyment rate 98 90 77 100 85 9.0 at a3 78
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Gwuitan labor force 754 795 851 804 773 887 859 07 oct
Parvoppation “aie... 342 35.3 372 365 348 395 38.2 202 384
Employed : 438 512 525 497 499 570 591 54 525
Employment-popy'ation ratic - 19.9 22.7 22.9 226 22.3 25.4 26.3 25.9 25.6
Unemployed 316 283 327 307 275 37 268 323 317
Unemployment -ate _ 419 356 38.4 382 35.5 35.7 32 35.8 35.1
Men n] 487 a7 448 40.8 340 38.7 a7 35.4 409
Women 373 34.1 322 35.0 art Bed 307 35.8 205

See tocinotes at end of tab'e.


Explanatory Note

This news release presents statistics from (wo major surveys, the
Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current
Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household
survey provides the information on the labor force. employment, and
unemployment that appears in ihe A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD
DATA. itis a sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted
by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

The blishment survey provides the information on the
employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that
appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This
information 1s collected irom payroll records by BLS in cooperation
with State agencies. In March 1994, the sample included about
390,000 establishments employing over 47 million people.

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular
week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is
generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month.
In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period
including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the
calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences
between surveys

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire
civilian noninstitubonal population. Based on responses to a series of
questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and
over in 2 sample household is classified as empioyed, unemployed, or
‘not in the labor force.

People are classified as emptoyed if they did any work at all as paid
«iployces during the reference week; worked in their own business,
profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least
hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as
employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of
illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons

People are classified as unemployed if they meetall of the following
criteria: ‘They had no employment during the reference week: they
were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to
find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the
reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need
not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way
depend upon the cligibitity for or receipt of unemployment insurance
benefits.

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed
persons, Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in
the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as
a percent of the labor force. The fabor force participation rate is the
labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-
population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population.

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn
{rom private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores,
as well as Federal, State, and local governmententitics. Employees on

nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the
reference pay period, including persons on paid leave, Persons are
counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private
businesses and relate only to production workers in the goods-
producing sector and nonsupervisory workers in the service-producing
sector.

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual
and methodological differences between the household and
establishment surveys resultin important distinctions in theemployment
estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

+ The houschold survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed,
unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed.
‘These groups are excluded from the establishment survey.

+ The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
employed. The establishment survey does not.

+ The household survey is limited to. workers 16 years of age and older.
The establishment survey is not limited by age.

* The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the
establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus
appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each
appearance.

Other differences between the two surveys are described in
“Comparing Employment Estimates from Household and Payroll
Surveys,” which may be obtained from BLS upon request

Seasonal adjustment

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation’s labor force and the
levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due
to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded
production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of
schools. Theeffectof such seasonal variationcan be very large; seasonal
fluctuations may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-
month changes in unemployment

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by
adjusting the statistics from month to month, These adjustments make
nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or
increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot.
Forexample, the large number of youth entering the labor forceeach June
is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to
May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has
risen or declined. However, because the effect of students finishing
school in previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can
be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal
adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful
tool with which to analyze changes in economic activity.

In both the household and establishment surveys, most seasonally
adjusted series are independently adjusted. However, the adjusted
series for many major estimates, such as total payrol! employment,
employment in most major industry divisions, to1al employment, and
unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted


Table B. Revisions in total nonfarm employment, seasonally adjusted,

January 1994-February 1995
(In thousands)

As previously

Year and date published Asrevised Difference
111,711 112,301 590
111,919 112,576 657
112,298 113,087 789
112,699 113,363 664
112,951 113,638 687
113,334 113,943 609
113,624 114,171 547
113,914 114,510 596
114,186 114,762 576
114,348 114,935 587
114,882 115,427 545
115,113 115,624 S11
115,282 115,810 528
115,637 116,123 486



ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2, Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers’ on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
industry May Mar. Apr. May | May | Jan. | Feb. Mar. Apr. May
y
1994 | 1995 | 1995P | 1995? | 1994 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995P | 1995?
Total private ase | 343 | 343 | 343 | 347 | 348 | 346 | 346 | 346 | 34.3

Goods-PrOdUCING «nesses setestnte sist seresee 415 | 41.0 | 399 | 408 | 41.4 | 416 | 41.4 | 41.3 | 407 | 407

Mining ... 44s | 44.0 | 44.2 | 443 } 446 | 449 | 449 | 446 | 446 | 44.3

Construction .. 397 | 381 | 377 | 985 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 2)

Manutacturing
‘Overtime hou

420 | 41.7 | 404 | 415 | 420 | 422 | 421 | 420 | 415 | 41.5
46 44 36 43 46 49 48 a7 45 43

Durabie goods
Overtime hours ..

429 | 426 | 41.0 | 423 } 429 | 43.0 | 43.0 | 428 | 423 | 42.2
5.0 49 37 46 5.0 5.3 5.2 6.1 49 48

416 | 404 | 402 | 407 | 413 | 41.2 | 409 | 407 | 405 | 404
399 | 304 | 377 | 386 | 404 | 408 | 40.5 | 398 | 387 | 39.1
441 | 425 | 423 | 432 | 435 | 436 | 43.3 | 434 | 425 | 426
4468 | 444 | 43.1 | 441 | 447 | 448 | 44.8 | 445 | 4339 | 44.0
asa | 44.7 | 45.0 | 443 | 44e | 45.7 | 45.4 | 45.1 | 45.0 | 443
428 | 425 | 403 | 422 | 428 | 43.2 | 43.1 | 428 | 420 | 422
aa7 | 439 | 417 | 435 | 437 | 440 | 44.0 | 439 | 432 | 43.5

Lumber and wood products
Furniture and fixtures .....
Stone, clay, and glass producls .
Primary metal industries ...

Blast furnaces and basic steel prods
Fabricated metal products ........
Industrial machinery and equipment

Electronic and other electrical equipment 424 | 41.5 | 402 | 412 | 422 | 421 | 419 | 418 | 418 | 413
Transportation equipment . 446 | 44.5 | 423 | 438 | 44.3 | 446 | 447 | 445 | 445 7 43.5

Motor vehictes ang equipment. cn{ 465 | 459 | 43.2 | 448 | 458 ) 461 | 464 | 458 | 434 | 444
Instruments and reiated products .. o| 416 | 417 | 404 | 413 | 417 | 418 | 41.7 | 44.7 | 41.4 | 414

Miscellaneous manufacturing 400 | 399 | 389 | 397 | 40.2 | 40.1 40.2 | 399 | 401 | 309

Nondurable goods ..
Overtime hours

4os | 405 | 396 | 404 | 409 | 41.0 | 41.0 | 409 | 404 | 40.5
4.0 3.9 34 38 42 44 43 42 4.0 4.0

Food and kindred products
Tobacco products
Textite milt products ...
Apparel and other textile products
Paper and allied products
Printing and publishing ..
Chemicals ano allied products
Petroleum and coal products...
Rubber and misc. plastics products
Leather and leather producis .

40.7 40.6 39.8 40.8 41.0 415 413 413 40.7 41d
3e9 | 3a: | ses | 41.2 | (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
aig | 412 | 399 | 405 | 417 | 418 | ato | 418 | 41.0 | 404
377 | 373 | 358 | 371 | 377 | 378 | 377 | 376 | 369 | 37.0
431 | 424 | 430 | 439 | 440 | 439 | 437 | 431 | 43.1
364 | 378 | 380 | 388 | 385 | 385 | 384 | 383 | 38.4
433 | 433 | 429 | 433 | 433 | 434 | 434 | 434 | 429
434 | 439 | 424 | (2) (2) (2) (2) 2) (2)
423 | 418 | 402 | 418 | 422 | 423 | 423 | 420 | 4t1 | 418
gas |} 381 | 371 | 387 | 385 | 380 | 3a4 | saa | gar | 387

Service-producing 329 | 324 | 328 | 325 } 329 | 329 | 327 | s27 | 329 | 32s

Transportation and public utilites 400 | 391 | 395 | 395 | 399 | 398 | 397 | 395 | 397 | 39.4

Wholesale trade .... 386 | 38.0 | 383 | 381 | 384 | 384 | 384 | 382 | 983 | 97.9

Retail trade .... 28.9 23.3 28.9 28.7 28.9 29.0 26.8 28.8 29.1 28.7

Finance, insurance, and real estate .... ve} 361 35.5 36.3 35.3 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)

Services 32.6 32.2 32.5 32.2 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)

1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing: 2 These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the
construction workers in construction: and nonsupervisory workers in seasonal component, which is small zelative to the trend-cycle and
transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, regular components, cannot be separated with suflicient precision
insurance, and real estaie; and services. These groups account for = preliminary.
approximately four-fiths of the toa! employees on private nonfarm NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 1994 benchmarks

payrolls, and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

{Nuribers 1n Inovsards}

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Empioyment status, sex. and age

Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted’

7
stay | aoc | may | omay | don Pee fae | ant May
y99¢ | 1995 1995, j994 fj 1995 1995 7995, 1995, 1995
+
TOTAL |
Civitan noninsttuonet population 798510 | 198.148 | 196,286 | 196.510 | 197.759 | 197.886 | 198007 | 195,148 ' ise.226
Civitan labor force vague | 131.656 | 197,739 | 120.899 | 132,136 | 132,308 | i32.511 | 132797 fo att
Partcipaton rare ges | soa | oa | 665 | oe | sae | do | evo |” eos
Enployed vea.aas | 124.278 | 124.504 | 122,703 | 124.639 | 125.725 | 125.274 | t25.972 | 124.0'9
Emoloyment-poputation aio 626} 627 | 62a | Gea] 630 | 632 | 633 ee?
Ag'cuitve aor | 3495 | 9.558 | 3.413 | 3.575 | 3656 | 5.608 3.387
Nonagiicutural ndusties 119935 | s20,7e4 | 120,996 | 113.290 | 121.058 | 121469 | <o1-576 120,362
Unemployed zee | 7a7a | “7195 | 7.9968 | “7498 | 7.183 | 7.297 | rae
Uremaioyment rate 59 56 55 81 87 54 58 Br
Not in iabor force esece | 66.492 | 05547 | esi | 65617 | oss7e | o5.aae 88,476
Men, 16 years and over
Cilia no-mstit onal population 94196 | 94.952 | 5.024 | 94,106 | 94.749 | 94.918 | 94.679 35,024
Civilan apor roe voaae | 71.054 | 71,188 | 7055 | 7iaz | 71558 | 71673 7128s
Partoraton aie me) 74] v9 | | 4a | 754] “iss | | 755 780
Employed ssa40 | 67.018 | e727 | 86.137 | 67,086 | 67.709 | or.et ernie
Employnent-papw ation rake vos | 708] 707 | vos | 7a | me | ats 708
Urempioyed 45a | 4.035 | o961 | 4.348 | 4090 | a.ees | once 4,145
Unerpleymen: rare 594 87 56 62 87 84 54
|
Men, 20 years and over '
Civian norinstttionaé population 87,000 | e764} eres | 27.000 | srses j ars7e | srece
Civsian labo force se,re2 | 67.288 | 67.312 | e6ss2 | 57.530 | e7sse | 67.643
tieoation rate ver | va | 768 | 766 | 772 | 771. | re
Employed s3,a68 | 69,959 | 64.101 | 63.080 | 64,193 | 64.470 | oa.c65
Empioyment-populet cn rata yee} 730 | 731 | “mes | 733 | 736] 736
Agncultsre 2se7 {| 2960} esr | 2sea | 2a00| sie | essa
Nonagrcutural industries coer | 61503 | etree | soeas | 61.743 | e196 | 1.045
Unemployed 3a7a | 3006 | sata | “aise | sacs | 3o7a | atze
Unent9 oyment vale 81 50 48 84 50 28 a7
Women, 16 years and over
Civitan rovinstiut cnal pepulation to23r4 | 03.197 | 103.262 | 102314 | 103,006 | toae6e | 102,128 | -ca.1a7
Civitan ‘abor forge so.1o¢ | 0.603 | coss1 | 60.154 | soe60 | oreo | cogs } ooae
Partcpaton ate se7 | 587) sa6 | sas] saa | sea 592
Employed 56606 | 7.260 | s7ae7 | s6.s08 | sz2s2 | s7ais sr.age
Employment ops ator rate ss5 | 55 | 552 | 556 | 557 357
Unemp oyes asi3 | az2¢ | 3648 | ga08 | asa 3568
Unemployrer: are 55 53 61 56 85 sat
Women, 20 years and over
Civitan noninstiteions population 95,28 26.141 | 95,909 | 95061 | 96.020 } 36.057 | s9,0%0 | 96-41
Civilian labor force 56,569 56,885 56,545 86.951 | 57,096 57,042 S736 ' 56.819
Participation rate saz | 503) saa | sas | sa) sa7 | saa
Employed sasor | saat | 94134 | sasaa | 54.22 | acaaa | 59.097
Emp oyment-populaicn vaio 565 | 561 | 564 | S66 | 505 | S66 | 582
Agriculture sa | 79 | err | ae | oa | oes | tae
Noragr'cutwal industries 53426 | 52,602 | so2s7 | 3436 | sasea! sacar | sa.ace
Unemaloyed 2s7e | 3064 | 2ei7 | 2763 | aso0 | ‘287 | e702
Unempioyment ate a5 sa 43 ae ag 32 45
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civiian nanmstititioral pop. at on rater | t4ce5 | r4asa | rater | 14263 | taz04 | 14340 | 14,085
Civian abar toroe ye00 | 7297 | 72 | 7802 | 7645 | 7,660 | “7.826 | ‘Teva
Participation rate sia] 503} sa2| 20 | ‘s35] sa6 | sas] ‘Sea
Employed sq2 | 5956 | 6147 | 6.142 | 6372] oars | aser | e.cee
Employieni-dop. alior rato ae | cars| “4a | 433 | aa? | “uae | “ass | has
Agiovture 27 | 203 | 300. | ato | 08 | aa | aes | tes
Nonagricutural neusties 558] 5.713 | seas | 5.902 | 606d | 6058 | 6.200 | 6."e0 |
Unempioyed rage | 1261 | 1.995 | 1.360 | tara | taar | 1260 | t 363
Unemployment rate 19.0 Ww? 18.5 181 w7 4) 76 16.4 175
H
‘The posuiation sigii8s ate nat aclustes tor seasonal variation: therefore, enical numbers appear nthe unacusted arc seasonally acustea co"umns


United States 6
Department yy
of Labor

Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212

Technical information: USDL 95-197
Household data:
National (202) 606-6378
606-6373 Transmission of material in this release is
State 606-6392  embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EDT),
Establishment data: 606-6555 Friday, June 2, 1995.
Media contact: 606-5902

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: MAY 1995

The nation’s labor market showed further signs of weakness in May, the Bureau of Labor Statistics
of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The number of nonfarm payroll jobs declined by
101,000, with large decreases in both construction and manufacturing. The unemployment rate, at 5.7
percent in May, was essentially unchanged, following an increase in April.

Unemployment (Household Survey Data)

Both the number of unemployed persons and the unemployment rate were about unchanged in May
at 7.5 million and 5.7 percent, respectively. (See table A-1.) These measures, which fell substantially
over the course of 1994, are up slightly from their recent low points.

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted,
Peroent June 1992 - May 1995 Millions: June 1992 - May 1995
80 118.0

18 a 1160
10 eae 1140 oa |
65 —TM 1120

60 a —{ 1100
. NAL) es

aot - : oot 7

1993 1994 1995 1993 1994 1995

The establishment data shown in this news release have been adjusted to reflect
annual benchmark revisions and updated bias and seasonal adjustment factors. More
information on the revisions is contained in the note beginning on page 5. Also,
employment data for an additional 18 industries are published in table B-1 beginning
with this release.



HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Selected unempioyment indicators, seasonally adjusted

(Numpers m trousanes}

Number of
unemployes persons Unemployment rates?
th thousands)
Category »
way | ae | May | May | Jen | reo | war | ame | May
294 | 95 | sees | tooe | i905 | too | toss | ida | 1o08
CHARACTERISTIC
Total, 18 years and over sooo] 7.998 | 7605 | 74g} 61 | sz | sa | ss | sa | sz
Wen, 20 years and over ser | 330 | aa | sa | so | as | ay | ts | 8
Women, 20years and over sost | 2057 | 2722 | sa | as | ae | a3 | 2 | fe
Both sexes, 1610 18 oars. 360 | 1369 | 1360 | wi | ver | are | wet | ws | ate
Married men, spouse present sof 16a | reer | sgeo far | aa | a0 | a2 | oa | aa
Married women, spouse present vs. vsad | face | siz | ar | a7 | ae | ao | a2 | as
Women who maintain famiios : soi | 703 | "eas | 8a | 83 | at | ze | 30 | bo
Eutrime worke's a save | goss | sore | 61 | ss | ss | sa | se | se
Parrimewoners coun} 57 | vs7 | vse | se | 62 | eo | so | es | es
OCCUPATION?
Managerial and professional spocaky wr | 900 | ves | 24 | 29 | 22 | 25 | 2s | ve
Tecnica, sles, and admnistaive suppor. | 2025 | 10s | ies | 2) ae | ae | as | ae | 38
Preoson producton, craft and rasa sof “sa | "ars | as | 6s | ose | sa | go | as | a8
Operators, fabrioators, and laborers om ure | ise | aria] a0 | a2 | ve | zs | Sa | oo
Farming, oresty and fishing sos | se | “aa | 77 | ore | 72 | bo | as |} 83
INDUSTRY
Nonagicutural pvate wage and salary workers seas | s90 | soe | o¢ | s7 | ss | 55 | 50 | 60
Goodeprod.cng mdusties oe rero | taco | ver} es | 6 | se | ee | ee | Se
wining ae 22 27 ot | 60 | si | sa | 43 fae
Construction .. 709 762 807 WT WT 10.5, 10.8 18 12.6
Manufacterng ae J uiso | sos | aiso | ‘58. | Jay flee | es | as p88
Durable goods cod sao | "sea | “erp oss] a2 | 30 | ae] a2 | 88
Nondurable goods sia | aaa | 520 | so | sa | so | to | se | go
Senves-produeng induces “] ages | 4008 | acer | er | sa | se | sa | es | 88
“Transportation and publ utites sat | ses | “ave | ga | oa | as | as | ae | 88
Wholesale and etalstade =e ress | 1700 | az] 7a | be | oa | 6s | es | 8%
Finance, surance, and eal asta “| a2 | 26 | 205 | 35 | 2s | as | 55 | ga | So
Sonoes ; rece | zor | 1750 | co | Se | s2 | sa | ge | 82
Government work's : : ses | 305 | 's33 | «3s | sa | 28 | a7 | 3h | bs
Agncutirel wage and salary workers ws | 20 | oe | es | ror | ar | vos | aa | abe
1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. available because the seasonal component, which is smal: relative te the treno-cycle
2 Seasonally adjusted unemployment data ‘or service occupations are not and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
Table A-5. Duration of unemployment
(Numbers in thousands}
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Duration
May | ax | May | May ] ven | ree | man | am] wey
ws} 1395 | too | toor | toss | tos | tees | tes | ee
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks . 2eco | 2424 | 2604 | 261 | 2esr | 2600 | 2623 | 2602 | ace
Sto 14 weens wo zo | aii | 1924 | 24s | ates | ates | fare | Sea | Soe
IS weeks and over vn "| 2e47 | 2gt3 | 2657 | 2053 | ase | zee | poce | fees | Sees
‘Sto 26 Weeks : uP tga | szae | age | reo | toss | ooo | don |e | 2888
27 weeks andover So “| sre | 520 | waza | sleea | tsa | Vor | ager | taco | 1383
Average (mean) duration, mwBekS wJ a1] wo} ws] ws | ter | tes | ws] zz | 60
Median duration, nweeks sical a2 | we] ao} ‘se | oa | Fe | Vo | BS 88
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total ynemployee ss . 1.0 | 1000 } 1000 | woo | 1900 | 1000 | 1000 | 000 | 1009
toes man 3 wesks soow| 387 | "320 | ‘pa | 'ge8 | ‘sea | ‘sas | “Ses | ‘one | S98
Stotswecks a ze | 200] 28 | 209 | 2s | sor) see | get | So
IS woeks and over =n ae ws | 381 | aro | a8 | Seo | ses] sie | gar | See
15 to 26 weeks ... seo vs 16.0 175 18.6 14.6 13.9 15.4 12.9 44.7, Ws
27 weeks and over 224 20.6 18.4 213 18.2 7A 18.9 18.4 WW



HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2, Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin — Continued
{Numbers in thousands)
|
Not seasonally adjusted | Seasonally adjusted’
Employment status, race, sex, age, ang |
Hisparie onigin ;
May Ape | May | May Jan. Feb. Mar, Apr May
HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civitan noninstiteio%a a9ouiation . 1041 | 18,509 | 18,554] ta 041 | vea68 | 2413 | 18.458 18.554
Civiian labor terce i1937 | i090 | 12.137 | 11916 | 12.036 | 12017 | 12,001 yeatt

Parte paton ate 66.2 65.3 65.4 66.0 65.5 65.3 65.0 65.3

Emioyec 19.e66 | 11,036 } 11,037 | 10,785 | 10.811 ] 10,943 | *9,03 10.895
Empoymens-population vatio 602 596 595 59.5 58.9 59.4 59.1 587

Unemployee ori | soe | 100 | ter | ogee | 1.073 | 1098 1218
Unemployment rare 9.0 87 | jo2 89 a1 joo

1 the population figuies ae ot adjusted ‘or seascnal variation; therefore, because data for the “other races’ group a’e not presented and W'saar-es are
identical rumbe:s appear ihe .ragjusted and seasona ly adjusted columns. included in both the white and black population oroups.
NOTE: Detall for tne azove “ace ano Hispanic-orgin grouss will not sum to totals
Table A-3, Selected employment indicators
(Numbe's in thousands}
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Category
May ap | May May Jan Feb. Mat. Apr. May
1994 wso5 | 3995 | 1994 4995 1995 1935 1995, 1995
CHARACTERISTIC |
Toral empioyea, 16 yeais and ever 22,946 | 124.278 | 120,554 | 122,703 ] 124,639 | 125,128 | 125.274 124,319
Mattiog men, spouse 2resent a1s7a ; 42.086 | 42,128 | 41.330 | 41,601 | 42,190 | 42.122 4874
Maried worten, spouse present aisra | 32.901 | sazie | 31372 | 31705 | sra0s | 32135 32.022
Women who mantanr larrtios rior | 7aer | 7218 | ost | 7.199 | 7087 | 7.071 7475
OCCUPATION
Managerial and protessional specially adios | 34.948 | 35.273 | 34,063 | 34,423 | 34,905 | 94,946 | 34,765 | 95,209
Technical, sales, ang administrate support 36807 | 37,306 | 37.129 | 36843 | 37267 | 37313 | 37297 | 37.981 | 37.001
Service oecupations se00 | 17092 | 16953 | 16.920 | 17.012 | 16.991 | 16.997 | 1075 | 18.987
Precision production, cratt. and repat yasie | 13.406 | 13.465 | 13.525 | 13,784 | 13,638] 12.910 ] 1380 | 13.479
Operators, fabricators, and lapoters s7acz | 17.972 | 17.899 | 17,901 | 1azi2 | 19.933 | 18.280 | 18,260 | 17,985
Farming, forestry, ana fishing sacs | 35a] 3775 | 3615 | seer | seas | sieao | 3726 | 3.588
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:

Wage and salary worners sess | yess | 1882 | 1,738 | 168 | 1970 | 1987 | s.aag | 1,747

Self-employed workers 1731 | x60 | tsa | s.637 | 1663 | 1.684 J 1.674 | 649 | 1,969

Unpaid family workers 45 60 57 “3 35 27 57 70 55

Nonagnicultural industries:

Wage and saiary workes 110.033 | 111,874 | 111,981 | 110.164 | 111.987 | tr2.461 | 112,649 | 112978
Goveinmient jso2 | 18,777 | 18.751 | 18.378 | 18.295 | 18.504 | 1868s | 18,646
Private incustries e431 | 93,097 | 93,230 | 91,786 | see | 93957 | 93.96% | 93,992
Private househo cs 949 954 ‘890 ava | 1075 | 1,075 | 1,039 988
Other industries go4s2 | 92,143 | 92,340 | 90.908 | s2617 | s2ea2 | 92925 | 92,945

Sel-empoyed worners, ai7a | 6795 | 8aoa | 9.049 | 9.039 | 8.904 | 865 | 5.848

Unpa a family workers 127 114 11 129 95 118 129 119

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME
Al industies

Pan time for economic reas078 eas | 4.245 | 4.351 | 4.792 4.460 aaa | 4,476
Slack work or business conditions 2303 | 2369 | 2399 | 2.503 2.372 2sit | 21508
Couse only find part-time work esr | ves | i689 | 198) 1.738 ‘eas | 1.720

Part time for nonecenem'e reasons, :7953 | 18429 | 18,160 18.04 seiia1 | 17.666

Nonagres‘tural industries:

Part time for econemi: reasons 4473 | 4,012 asea | 4430 | 4197 | 4ga7 fanz: | 4299
Siack work or business conditions 2aro | 2214 2306 | 2350 | 2.216 | 2226 | 2aee | 2.304
Gould only find part-time WoIk «0 ‘Vesa | 1,600 vaa2 | i737 | 1687 | 1854) 624 | 1.698

Part {me for nenecanamic reasons 17273 | 17,663 resa1 | 17307 | 73e1 | 16,991 | 17.292 | i703

NOTE: Persons at work excuses employed persons wno were absent from thew work full time Dut worked only 1 to 34 hours during Ine reterence week for reascns
os dung the enlire reference week ‘or seasons such as vacaton, liness, or such as holidays, iliness, and bad weather.

industrial dispute. Pan time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually


component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by
summung the adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this
differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by
directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or
more detailed age categories.

‘The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are
recalculated twice a year. For the household survey, the factors are
calculated for the January-June period and again for the July-December
period. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal
adjustment are calculated for the May-October period and introduced
along with new benchmarks, and again for the November-April period
In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are
subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather
than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample
estimates may differ from the “true” population values they represent.
‘The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the
particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the
standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or
level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the “true” population value
because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at
the 90-percent level of confidence.

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total
employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or minus
359,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases by
100,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence
interval on the monthly change would range from -259,000 to 459,000
(100,000 +/- 359,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-
percent chance that the “true” over-the-month change lies within this
interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could
not say with confidence that employment had, in fact, increased. If,
however, the reported employment rise was half a million, then all of
the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater
than zero. In this case, itis likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that
an employment rise had, in fact, occurred. The 90-percent confidence
interval for the monthly change in unemployment is +/- 256,000, and
for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is +/- .22
percentage point.

In general, estimates invoiving many individuals or establishments
have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than
estimates which are based on a small number of observaticns. The
precision of estimates 1s also improved when the data are cumulated
over time such as for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal
adjustment process can also improve the stability of the monthly
estimates.

The household and establishment surveys are also affected by
nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons,
including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability
to obtain information for all respondents in the sampie, inability or
unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the
collection or processing of the data.

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most
recent 2 months are based on substantially incomplete returns: for this
reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. Itis only
after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all
sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered
final.

Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment
survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment
generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation.
of employment growth (and other sources of error), a process known
as bias adjustment is included in the survey’s estimating procedures,
whereby a specified number of jobs is added to the monthly sample-
based change. The size of the monthly bias adjustmentis based largely
on past relationships between the sample-based estimates
of employment and the total counts of employment described below.

The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are
adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll
employmentobtained from administrative records of the unemployment
insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based
employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a
benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error.
‘The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, the benchmark revision for total
nonfarm employment has averaged 0.2 percent, ranging from zero to
0.6 percent.

Additional statistics and other information

More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and
Earnings, published each month by BLS. itis available for $14.00 per
issue or $29.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, DC 20402. All orders must be prepaid by sending a
check or money order payable to the Superintendent of Documents, or
by charging to Mastercard or Visa.

Employment and Earnings also provides measures of sampling
error for the household survey data published in this release. For
unemploymentand other labor force categories, these measures appear
in tables 1-B through 1-H of its “Explanatory Notes.” Measures of the
reliability of the data drawn from the establishment survey and the
actual amounts of revision due to benchmark adjustments are provided
in tables 2-B through 2-G of that publication

Information in this release will be made available to sensory
impaired individuals upon request, Voice phone: 202-606-STAT;
TDD phone: 202-606-5897; TDD message referral phone:
1-800-326-2577.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers! on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

(1982=100)

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
T

Imaustry May | Mar. | Apr. May | May | Jan. | Feb. | Mar. | Apr. May

|

1994 | 1995 | 1995P | 1995° | 1994 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995P | 1995?
|
{

Total private 130.0 | 129.2} 1907 | 131.7 | 1295] 1927 | 1324 ] 1925} 192.7 ] 1912

Goods-producing 409.4 | 1074] 1060 | 1098 | 1087] 1120 | 1117 | 111.7] 1099 | 109.1

sAining 537 | 521) 527 53.1 | sat] 547 | 547 | 545] 541 53.68

Construction 141.4] 1267] 1329 | 1422 | 1364) 1439 | 1421 | 1438 | 140.2 | 1368

Manufacturing... 108.2 | 1074} 1038 | +066 | 1065 | 1089 | 1090 | 1086] 107.2 | 1068

Durable qooas . 105.7 | 107.9! 1041 1074 | 105.4} 109.0 } 109.2 } 108.9] 1075 | 107.7
Laibar qs vega or aducls 135.6 g! 1308 | 1330 | 1349} 1378 | 136.9 | 136.2) 134.1 132.6

Furniture and tocures . oe 124.2 | 1245} 1183 | 120.8 | 125.7) 129.2 | 1286 | 1261) 1220 | 1226
Stone. clay, and glass products 110.7 | 105.5} 107.5 | 1108 | 108.1 | 110.7 } 1104 | 111.0] 108.7 | 108.2
Primary metal industries 90.1} 9371 91.4 928 | 900} 941 | 944 | 940] me 92.7

Bast furnaces and basic steel prosucts ..| 71.8] 733/ 738 | 739 | 71.6, 75.1 | 746 | 745) 73.9 73.2
Fabneated metal products 409.3 | 113.7} 1081 | 1131 | 1093} 115.2 | 1166 | 115.2] 1134 113.41
industrial machinery and equipment ‘/ 994 | 1035 | 98.9 | 1028 | 988] 1025 | 1029 ; 1034} 102.1 102.4
Electronic ana other electrical equipment .....| 104.4 | 107.9 | 103.7 | 106.5 | 104.9| 108.7 } 108.9 | 108.2; 107.2 | 106.7
Transportation equipment .—-sesssssssesees 1180/1219! +160 | 1199 | 11651 1209 | 121.8 | 1216) 121.7 | 1185

Motor venicies and equipment ..... 195.0 | 162.8 | 154.7 160.2 | 150.8 | 161.8 | 1626 | 1625] 1544 | 155.8
instruments and related products 75.4| 745) 722 | 740 | 758! 747 | 745 | 74.3) 74.0 74.3
Miscellaneous Manufacturing ......... -| 103.9 | 104.6 | 101.5 |; 103.4 | 104.5 | 106.1 | 106.4 | 105.1 | 1053 | 104.0

Nondurable goods .. 106.9 | 105.91 1033 | 105.5 | 107.9} 1088 | 1087 | 1082) 1066 | 1065

Food and kindred products .. 109.7 | 109.3 | 1068 | 1106 | 1138] 1163 | 1155 ] 1156] 1137 } 1148
Tobacco products 578 | 540] 533 548 | 644) 604 | 609 | 581] 591 618
Textile mill products 99.4] 964| 93.7 94.4 | 99.1] 990 | 989 | 983] 964 94.2
Apparet and other textile products 90.2] 860] 813 35.0 | 900] 881 | 880 | a71] 847 84.4

Paper ana allied products
Printing and publishing
‘Chemicals and allied products

411.3 | 109.4} 1078 } 1093 | 1119] 1128 | 1124 | 1119] 1105 | 110.1
1249 | 126.7 | 124.3 | 124.9 | 1263] 1268 | 1269 | 1266 | 1258 | 126.3
102.1 | 102.5 | 1028 | 1026 } 1024| 1028 | 1028 | 1029| 1034 | 1025

Petroleum and coal products .. . 812] 763} 783 76.3 | 787| 798 | 814 | 799] 786 73.7
Rubber and misc. plastics products 141.4 | 1443 | 1388 | 1441 | 1410) 1468 ) 1469 | 1455] 1422 | 144.1
Leather and leather products 63.4] 511} 49.2 50.6 | 533] 51.9 | 51.9 | 51.9} 509 50.5

Service-producing 199.3 | 198.9] 1418 | 1416 | 1988] 141.9 | 1416 | 1418] 1430 | 1411

Transportation and public utilities ...... 123.1 | 122.2 | 124.0 125.2 122.6 124.9 125.0 125.0 126.0 124.8
Wholesale trade .... 1167 | 1176 | 19.1 | 1190 | 116.0 | 1189 | 1195 | 1192] 1196 | 1182
Rewail trade ..... 427.7 | 124.1 | 1201 | 1287 | 1275) 1904 | 1296 | 1295) 1306 | 1267
Finance surance, ard real estate 1260 | 12281 1266 | va }ras1 | 1253 | 1266 | 1280] 1266 | 1220
Services . 162.9 | 165.3. | 168.1 167.5 | 1622] 166.7 | 1666 | 1674} 1685 | 167.0
1 See foomote 1, table B-2 NOTE: Data nave been revised to reflect March 1994 benchmarks

PS preliminary. and updated seasonal adjustment tactors.


4

Job growth in the services industry during the past 2 months has been much slower than earlier in the
year. Employment increased by only 60,000 in May, following an even smaller rise in April.
Employment in health services had a relatively small gain (10,000) for the second month in a row.
Business services added 29,000 jobs, following a decline of about the same magnitude in April. The
largest increase within business services was in computer and data processing, whereas help supply was
flat, following large declines in March and April. Employment growth in business services has averaged
16,000 per month so far this year, compared with 46,000 per month in 1994. Motion pictures added
25,000 jobs in May, bringing the increase in that industry over the past year to 170,000.

Elsewhere in the service-producing sector, wholesale trade employment edged down by 9,000 jobs
in May. Retail trade employment was about unchanged over the month; the industry has had no net job
gain since the beginning of the year, after adding 700,000 workers in 1994. Employment in finance,
insurance, and real estate was flat after declining in April. In government, employment in the
noneducation components of state and local government has begun to decline, whereas job growth in
the education components has continued to rise; Federal government employment, excluding the Postal
Service, continued its downward trend.

Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)

The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls fell
0.3 hour in May to 34.3 hours, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek held at 41.5 hours,
after declining by half an hour in April. Factory overtime fell for the fourth month in a row, to 4.3
hours in May. (See table B-2.)

The index of aggregate weekly hours of private production or nonsupervisory workers on nonfarm
payrolls dropped by 1.1 percent over the month, to 131.2 (1982=100). The manufacturing index was
down for the third consecutive month, declining 0.4 percent to 106.8 in May. (See table B-5.)

Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)

Average hourly earnings of private production or nonsupervisory workers were down 2 cents in May,
to $11.38, seasonally adjusted, after rising by 6 cents in April. Average weekly earnings declined by 1.0
percent in May to $390.33. Over the past year, average hourly and weekly earnings increased by 2.7 and
1.5 percent, respectively. (See table B-3.)

The Employment Situation for June 1995 will be released on Friday, July 7, at 8:30 A.M. (EDT).


HOUSEHOLD DATA

(able A-9. Employment status of the civilian population for 11 large states

(Numbers in thousands}

HOUSEHOLD DATA

State and employment status

Not seasonally adjusted!

Seasonally adjusted?

May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May
1994 1995 1995 1994 1995 1995 1995 1995 1995

California |

|
Gwar nonsttutionss population .. 23.444 | 23,557 | 23,564 | 23,444 | 29,528 | 23,535 ) 23,541 | 23,557 | 20,564
Civilian labor torce 15461 | 15,264 | 15,158 | 15,517 | 15.971 | 15,332 | 15,307 | 15.442 | 15,209
Employed 14208 | 14.080 | 13,941 | 14,199 | 14,110 | 14,209 ) 14,140 | 14,127 | 43,924
Unemployed 1,253 1,184 1.217 1,318 1,261 4,122 1,167 1,215 1,286
Unemployment rate ssnnsnneneesmenenensnes 84 78 8.0 85 82 7.3 76 79 85

|

!

Florida |
Civilian noninstitutional popwtation jm 40,071 | 11,023 | 11,036 | 10,871 | 10,984 | 10,997 | 11,009 | 11,023 | 11,036
Civilian labor force 6.853 6.878 6,870 6811 6,860 6,762 6,809 6,944 6.822
Employed 6,392 6.516 6,523 6,344 6,460 6,461 6.513 6,552 6,472
Unemployed 461 362 347 466 400 301 297 392 350
Unemployment rate 67 53 5.0 68 58 45 44 5.6 6A

Illinois
Civilian noninstitutional population 8,853 agte 8915 8,853 8,884 8,887 8,889 8,912 8915
Civilian labor force ...... 6,038 6,160 6,082 6,024 6.015 6111 6.114 6219 6,061
Employed 5,693 5,815 5,750 5,677 5,697 5,790 5,846 5,868 5,730
Unemployed 345 345 332 347 318 324 269 352 331
Unemployment rate 57 5.6 55 58 53 53 44 87 55
Massachusetts
Civitan nonimstitutonal population 4,682 4,666 4,666 4,682 4,688 4,688 4,688 4,666 4,666
Civilian tabor force ... 3,161 3.121 3,134 3,170 3,221 3,202 3,182 3,166 3.144
Employed 2,989 2,945 2,991 2,984 3,028 3,030 3,035 2,979 2,987
Unemployed 172 17 143 185 194 172 146 187 156
Unemployment rate 54 57 46 58 60 54 48 5.9 50
Michigan
Civilian noniastitutional population 7.133 7,168 7,164 7.133 7,153 7,154 7.185 7.163 7.164
Civilian labor force 4726 4,680 4,793 4,749 4724 4,720 4,735 4,767 4at2
Employed 4,79 4,419 4,551 4Aa7t 4,463 4,487 4.449 4,489 4,539
Unemployed 248 262 243 278 259 263 285 278 273
Unemployment te occ nseneseens 52 56 51 59 55 56 60 5.8 57
New Jersey
Civilian noninstitutional population 6.053 6.116 6,118 6,053 6,070 6,072 6,072 6.116 6.118
Civilian labor force 3,868 4,048 4,097 3,904 4,009 4,006 4,026 4,106 4134
Employed 3,593 3,798 3,824 3,634 3,720 3,762 3,791 3,847 3,865
Unemployed 275 250 273 270 289 244 235 260 268
Unemployment rate 74 62 67 69 72 6.4 58 63 65
New York

Civilian noninstitutional population 13,988 | 13991 | 13,988 | 13.988 | 13,981 | 13,977 | 13,973 | 13,991 | 13,988
Civilian labor force 8,487 8.454 8.488 8,494 8,438 8,522 8,479 8.490 8,496
Employed ccc 7,940 7,900 7,963 7,939 7,934 7,998 7,921 7914 7,961
Unemployed 546 554 525 555 504 523 558 875 535
Unemployment rate on 64 66 62 65 60 64 66 68 63

See footnotes at end of table.



ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry

(in thousands)

ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

industry May Mar. Apr. May. May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May
1994 | 1995 | 1995? | 1995P | 1994 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995 | 1995P | 1995P
Total 114,179} 115,307] 116,120] 116,793] 113,638] 115,810] 116,123] 116,302) 116,295] 116,194
Total private ... 94,697] 95,664] 96,499] 97,173] 94.545] 96,588} 96.882} 97,054] 97,048) 96,969
Goods-producing . sun| 28,866] 23,803} 24,046] 24,236] 23,837) 24,293) 24,324) 24,970) 24,320] 24,205
Mining so7| 575] $76] 578] 599] 590] 588] 585} 883) 581
Metal mining 481| 503) 508) 509 48 50 51 51 51 51

Coal mining ... 441.7} 108.5] 107.5) 106.0] (1) i) (1) (1) 1) a)
Oil and gas extraction 3153] 3128| 3149} 336} 325] 323) 323) 81g} 319
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels 100.7| 104.5} 1066] 103] 105] 105] 106) 105] 104
Construction 5,050] 4,823] 5.066] 5,254] 4,981] 5,201] 5,213 5,286] 5,237) 5,180
General building contractors... 1,189.5] 1,177.8] 1,208.5] 1,234.4] 1,192] 1.250) 1,250] 1.258] 1,255] 1,236
Heavy construction, except bui 771.4} 6509] 718.4] 7638) 737| 742] 740) 747} 743] 730
Special trade contractors 3,089.6} 2,994.4] 3,138.9] 9,265.6] 3,052] 3,209] 9.223] 3.251} 3.238] 3,214
Manufacturing ... j 18.219} 18,405] 18,404] 18,404] 18,257] 18,502] 18.523] 18,525} 18.500] 18,444
Production workers 12,543} 12,736] 12.743] 42,748) 12,569] 12,813] 12,633) 12,832} 12,819] 12,776
Durable goods 10,392] 10,591] 10,604] 10,602) 10,388] 10,596] 10.622] 10,633) 10,629] 10,600
Production workers 7,060} 7,265} 7.280 7.278] 7,050] 7,259] 7.268} 7,297| 7,205] 7,269
Lumber and wood products 745.0| 751.6} 748.7| 7524| 748) 767/766, «= 767, 761] 756
Furniture and fixtures .... 499.5] 506.9) 504.6] 503.3] 500] 508] S09) 509/506] S04
Stone, clay, and glass products. 535.7] 5323] 543.0] 547.5| 531] 542] Bas] 547] S46] B43.
Primary metal industries 6909) 7160] 7167) 7170} 692] 716) 718) 718] 719] 718
Blast furnaces and basic stee! brodvcts 2346) 209.4] 239.2] 2406} 235 239] 2a0] 240] 240] at
Fabricated metal products... 4,376.6] 1,493.0] 1,435.7] 1,495.0] 1,978] 1.428) 1,435] 4,499] 1.441} 1,436
Industrial machinery and equipment 1,986.9] 2,033.5] 2,038.8} 2,036.8} 1,981) 2,017] 2,025) 2,029) 2,035} 2,031
Computer and office equipment 364.3] 936.1] 335.4) 334.2) 354) 341] 340] a6] 336} 334
Electronic and other electrical equip 4,556.2] 1,610.8] 1,613.3] 1614.6) 1.561] 1,608] 1,613] 1,614) 1,617] 1,618
Electronic components and accessories .| ‘5386 567.4] ‘570.2 574.0 ‘530 s63/ 565] sea] 's71| ‘575
Transportation equipment ..... 1,746.5] 1,766.6] 1,766.5] 1,761.9] 1.741! 1,764] 1,766 1,767] 1,765] 1,758
Motor vehicies and equipment 992.4] 936.0} 940.2] 941.4] 685] 932) © 934) 937] aaa] 935
Aircraft and parts ... 483.1] 455.1] 453.5] 449.0] 485] 459] 457] 455] 454) 450
Instruments and related products. 965.1] 847.1] 844.2| 842.41 B67] 50] 849} a7} a5) B44
Miscellaneous manufacturing ... 387.5] 3928] 392.5] 391.0] 389} 3g6] 396] 6} §= saa} = ag2
Nondurable goods 7.827] 7,814] 7.800/ 7,802) 7,869) 7.906] 7,901] 7,892] 7871| 7,844
Production workars 5.483] 5.471] 5.463] 5.470] 5,519] 5.554] 5,545} 5,535] 5.524] 5,507
Food and kindred products 1,640.6] 1,639.3] 1,634.7] 1,648.2) 1,679] 1,690) 1,689} 1,690] 1,687] 1.687
Tobacco products soa] 379) 37.3] 357 43 40 40 39 40 39
Textile mill products 672.7| 666.6) 668.7| 6637} 673] 672] 671] 670] 669) 684
Apparel and other textile products 975.8] 9413] 936.6] 936.0] 973} 957/951] 946] «= 939] 902
Paper and allied products 688.4] 687.2! 687.6] 6863{ 691] 693] 692] 691/92] 89
Printing and publishing... 1,596.8] 1,559.7] 1,556.7] 1,554.0] 1,537] 1,557] 1,561] 1,561] 1,587] 1,554
Chemicals and atiied products 1,060.5} 1,048.3] 1,045.6] 1,046.9] 1,062) 1,055] 1,054] 1.053] 1,050] 1,049
Peiroleum and coal products 749.4) 144.0| 144.7) 146.1] 149] 147] 148] 148} 446] 145,
Rubber and misc. plastics products 949.1] 9786] 977.9] 9769] 948} 982] 983} += 982} «= geo] 976
Leather and ieather products . 1136] 1109] 1099] t085) 114) 113112), t12) ttt 109
Service-producing . 90.313] 91,504! 92,074] 92,557] 89,801] 91.517] 91,799} 91,932] 91,975] 91,989
Transportation and public utilities 5.997] 6,109) 6,142] 6,188) 5.994] 6,129] 6,156] 6,175] 6,186] 6.162
Transportation... 3,773] 3,862] 3,888] 9,928] 3,766| 3,886] 3,900] 3.914 3.921] 3,919
Railzoad transportation 240.4} 238.4) 241.2) 2429/ 239] 241] 242} aaa] 242] 242
Local and interurban passenger transit 420.1] 446.5] 449.0] 4579} 405/428] a3] 433437} at
Trucking and warehousing... . 1,826.1] 1,839.3] 1,860.9] 1.797/ 1.864) te71| 1,877; 1.879] 1,872
Water transportation . 158.6| 1628] 1651) 172) 168] 1651164) 164) ‘163
Transportation by air. 755.21 787.7] 7606| 747| 754] 756] = 760} S761] 761
Pipelines, except natural gas 167) 168] 167 18 7 v7 v7 7 7
Transportation services... 420.1) 421.2] 423.6] 388] 4i6| ata} gz] gat] 423
Communications and pubiic utilities... : 2.247) 2,254] 2,260] 2,228] 2,243/ 2,256] 2,261) 2.265] 2,263
Communications 5 1,342.5] 1,348.5] 1,355.6} 1,298) 1,327) 1.343] 1,351] 1.355) 1,957
Electric, gas. and sanitary services ..... 928.2} 904.5] 905.1] 9048] 930] 916] 913] 10] 910] 906
Wholesaie trade 6.124) 6,243] 6,278] 6.302] 6,118] 6,251} 6.275) 6,287] 6,901] 6,202
Durable goods .... 3,592] 3.628) 3.643) 3.657] 3.527| 3,615] 3.631) 3,643] 3.650] 3,650
Nondurable goods 2592] 2.615] 2635] 2,645] 2,591} 2,636] 2644] 2,644) 2651] 2,642

See footnotes at end of table.



3

Jobless rates showed little or no change in May for adult men (5.1 percent}, whites (5.0 percent),
blacks (9.9 percent), and teenagers (17.6 percent). In contrast, the rate declined for adult women
(4.8 percent) and rose for Hispanics (10.0 percent). (See table A-2.)

The number of persons working part time for economic reasons—sometimes referred to as the
partially unemployed—was virtually unchanged at 4.5 million. (See table A-3.)

Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

The number of employed persons declined by 753,000 in May to 124.3 million, after seasonal
adjustment. Wide swings in total employment estimates have frequently occurred, however, in the
spring and early summer, and therefore large monthly movements at this time of year should be
interpreted with caution. Reflecting this unusually large change, the proportion of the working-age
population with jobs—the employment-population ratio—also dropped over the month, to 62.7
percent. (See table A-1.) This ratio had climbed steadily throughout the second half of 1994 and
the first quarter of 1995.

Nearly 8.0 million workers (not seasonally adjusted), or 6.4 percent of all employed persons,
heid two or more jobs in May. A year earlier, 6.0 percent of the employed held more than one job.
(See table A-8.)

At 131.8 million, the civilian labor force showed a decline of 926,000 in May. The labor force
participation rate dropped half of a percentage point to 66.5 percent.

Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

The number of persons with a marginal attachment to the labor force—those who wanted and were
available for work, but were no longer actively looking for jobs after having searched sometime in the
past 12 months—was 1.5 million (not seasonally adjusted) in May. Of that number, those who were not
looking because they believed their prospects for finding jobs were poor—discouraged workers—totaled
398,000. (See table A-8.)

Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data

Nonfarm payroll employment fell by 101,000 in May to 116.2 million, after seasonal adjustment.
For the second month in a row, declines occurred in both construction and manufacturing, and job
growth was slow in the services industry. (See table B-1.)

Construction industry hiring has been below its usual pace this spring. A decline in employment of
57,000 in May, after seasonal adjustment, brings the 2-month decline to 76,000. The May decline, in
part, reflected heavy rains and flooding in the South.

Manufacturing’s employment pattern has been quite similar. Factories lost 56,000 jobs in May, with
the 2-month drop totaling 81,000. Declines occurred in nearly all manufacturing industries. Over the
past 2 months, job losses have occurred in lumber; furniture; stone, clay, and glass; and transportation
equipment. Following nearly 2 years of gains, the fabricated metals and industrial machinery industries
showed small declines in May. Substantial losses continued in apparel, where employment was down by
41,000 over the past year.


nN

Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands}

Quarterly averages Monthly data Apr.-
Category 1994 1995 1995 May
Iv 1 Mar. Apr. May change
HOUSEHOLD DATA Labor force status
Civilian labor force... 131,696 132,318 132,511 132,737 131,811 -926
Employment... 124,371 125,012 125,274 125,072 124,319 -753
Unemployment 7,325 7,306 7,237 7,665 7.492 173
Not in labor force..,....c.ececceeeeee 65,904 65,564 65,496 65,412 66,476 1,064
Unemployment rates
All workers... 5.6 5.5 5.5 5.8, 5.7 -0.1
4.9) 4.8 47 49 5.1i 2
49 49 4.9 5.2 48 -4
16.7 16.8 16.1 17.5 17.6 A
4.9 4.8 47 5.0 5.0 0
10.4 10.0 9.8 10.7 9.9! 8
Hispanic 0 origin 94 94 9.1 8.8 10.0 12
ESTABLISHMENT DATA! Employment
Nonfarm employment.. 115,329 116,078 116,302 p116,295 116,194 p-101
Goods-producing 2. 24,162 24,329 24,370 p24,320 — p24,205 p-115
Construction. 5,133 5,223 5,256: p5,237. 5,180 p-57
Manufacturin; 18,436 18,517 18,525 p18,500 —_p18,444 p-56
Service-producing * 91,167 91,749 91,932 p91,975 91,989 pl4
Retail trade... 20,681 20,771 20,760, p20,763._p20,755 p-8
Services... 32,019 32,385: 32,524 p32,559 32,619: p60
Government 19,230 19,237 19,248 p19,247__ p19,225 p-22
Hours of work?
Total private... ccccceccesrecceessesneeenes 34.7! 34.7 34.6 p34.6 p34.3- p-0.3
Manufacturing. 42.1 42.1 42.0 pals pas p.o
Overtime. 4.8 48 47 p4.s p4.3 p-.2
Earnings?
Average hourly earnings,
total private... $11.25 $11.32 $11.34! p$11.40' $11.38: p-$0.02
Average weekly canines,
total private... 390.87, 392.31 392.36 p394.44 390.33, p-4.t1

' Establishment data have been revised to reflect March 1994 benchmarks and updated

seasonal adjustment factors.

* Includes other industries, not shown separately.

* Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.

p = preliminary.


HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Reason for unemployment

(Numbers n thousands}

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Reason
May Apr May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May
toed | 1995 | 1995 | 1994 | 1995 | 1995 | 1905 | 1995 | 1995
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who comp eted temporary jobs aa19 | 3479 | 3275 | a4 | 3esa | 3aa9 | 3as2 | soa | aera
On temporary iayott 664 {| 1,053 779 Bit 1,061 1,025 1,032 1,145, 958
Not on temporary layoff... 2ess | 2425 | 2496 | 2829 | 2598 | aaa | 2320 | laer | 2687
Permanent joo losers 2,028 1,780 1.819 Cy) Cy Oy cy an Oy
Persons who completed temporary joas 626 645 677 (on) ia) ay my a) a
Job leavers 732 797 800 736 69% 773 Br 817 870
Reentrants 2sa9 | 2526 | 2544 | 263 | 2.488 | 2a7a | 2.430 | 2779 | 2,458
New entrants 658 578 367 6 597 582 604 637 922
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployea 100.0 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | tooo | 1000
4p losers and pesens who emoleied temporary jabs 43.4 472 45.6 460 432 466 46.6 455 48.4
On temporary layoft .... 87 14.3 10.8 10.3 14.3 14.3 14.3 147 128
Not on temporary layait 347 32.9 347 358 34.9 323 322 30.7 356
Job leavers fo 96 108 414 10.1 93 108 143 105 7
Roentrants 38.5, 34.2 35.4 36.2 334 345 338 35.8 329
Now entrants : 86 78 79 77 Q at 84 82 70
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed /Vemporaty yobs 25 26 25 28 28 25 25 a7 27
‘Job leavers 6 6 6 6 5 6 6 8 7
Reentrants 7 : 23 19 19 22 19 19 18 21 13
New entrants, 2 5 4 4 5 5 4 5 5 4

" Not available,


HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Employment status of the civilian population for 11 large states — Continued

(Numbers in thousands}

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Not seasonally adjusted! Seasonally adjusted?
State and employment status May Apr. May May Jan Feb Mar Apr. May
1994 1995 1995 1994 1995 1995 1995 1995 1995
North Carolina
Civilian noninstitutional Population 5.370 5.437 5,438 5,370 | 5,431 5.438 5,444 5.431 5.438
Civilian labor torce .. 3,582 3,606 3,603 3,589 3,655, 3,646 3,665 3,645, 3,609
Empioyed .... 3,438 3.444 | 3,457 3,440 3,515, 3,478 3,522 3,472 3.452
Unemployed 144 161 151 149 140 168 144 173 157
Unemployment rate 4.0 45 42 42 38 46 3.9 47 43
Ohio
Civilian noninstitutional population .. 8411 8,442 8,444 8.411 8,434 8,435 8,436, 8.442 8.444
Civilian labor force 5,584 5,478 5,611 5,573 5,495 5,568 5,533 5,519 5,602
Employed 5,237 5,227 5,361 5.216 5,274 5,344 §,325 5,269 5,340
Unemployed .. 346 251 250 357 220 224 208 250 262
Unemployment rate 62 46 45 64 4.0 4.0 38 45 47
Pennsylvania
Civilian noninstisutional Population 9,276 9,272 9,271 9,276 9,282 9,281 9,280 9.272 9,271
Civilian labor force . 5,881 5,877 5,804 5,884 5,792 5,804 5,953 5,962 5,805
Employed 5,505 5,527 5,463 5,519 5,452 5.479 5,594 5.613 5,475
Unempioyed .. 376 350 340 364 341 325 359 349 329
Unemployment rate 64 6.0 5.9 6.2 5.9 56 6.0 5.8 57
Texas
Civilian noninstitutional population 13,511 13,753 13,773 13,511 13,687 13,706 13,725 13,753 13,773
Civilian labor force -- 9,326 9,529 9,581 9,375 9,464 9,512 9,482 9,560 9,630
Employed 8,736 8,993 9,042 8,748 8.919 9,030 8,945 8.997 9,054
Unemployed 590 536 538 626 545 481 537 563 576
Unemployment rate 6.3 5.6 5.6 67 5.8 5A 57 5.9 6.0
| These are the official Bureau of Labor Statistics’ estimates used in the columns.
administration of Federal fund allocation programs. NOTE: Effective with the release of data for April 1995, estimates

2 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore,

identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and the seasonally adjusted

incorporate minor corrections to the population levels.