Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-15-0530 

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, April 3, 2015 

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — MARCH 2015 

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 126,000 in March, and the unemployment rate was 

unchanged at 5.5 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment continued to 

trend up in professional and business services, health care, and retail trade, while mining lost jobs. 

Household Survey Data 

In March, the unemployment rate held at 5.5 percent, and the number of unemployed persons was 

little changed at 8.6 million. Over the year, the unemployment rate and the number of unemployed 

persons were down by 1.1 percentage points and 1.8 million, respectively. (See table A-1.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (5.1 percent), adult women 

(4.9 percent), teenagers (17.5 percent), whites (4.7 percent), blacks (10.1 percent), Asians (3.2 percent), 

and Hispanics (6.8 percent) showed little or no change in March. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

Among the unemployed, the number of new entrants decreased by 157,000 in March and is down by 

342,000 over the year. Unemployed new entrants are those who never previously worked. (See 

table A-11.) 

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month 

change, seasonally adjusted, March 2013 –

March 2015

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

M ar-13 Jun-13 Sep-13 Dec-13 M ar-14 Jun-14 Sep-14 Dec-14 M ar-15

Percent Thousands

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

M ar-13 Jun-13 Sep-13 Dec-13 M ar-14 Jun-14 Sep-14 Dec-14 M ar-15

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

March 2013 – March 2015
- 2 - 

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was little changed at 2.6 

million in March. These individuals accounted for 29.8 percent of the unemployed. Over the past 12 

months, the number of long-term unemployed has declined by 1.1 million. (See table A-12.) 

The civilian labor force participation rate was little changed at 62.7 percent in March. Since April 

2014, the participation rate has remained within a narrow range of 62.7 percent to 62.9 percent. In 

March, the employment-population ratio was 59.3 percent for the third consecutive month. (See table 

A-1.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as 

involuntary part-time workers) was little changed in March at 6.7 million. These individuals, who would 

have preferred full-time employment, were working part time because their hours had been cut back or 

because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.) 

In March, 2.1 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, little changed from a year 

earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and 

were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not 

counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. 

(See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 738,000 discouraged workers in March, little different 

from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not 

currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.3 

million persons marginally attached to the labor force in March had not searched for work for reasons 

such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased in March (+126,000). Over the prior 12 months, 

employment growth had averaged 269,000 per month. In March, employment continued to trend up in 

professional and business services, health care, and retail trade, while employment in mining declined. 

(See table B-1.) 

Employment in professional and business services trended up in March (+40,000). Job growth in the 

first quarter of 2015 averaged 34,000 per month in this industry, below the average monthly gain of 

59,000 in 2014. Within professional and business services, employment continued to trend up in 

architectural and engineering services (+4,000), computer systems design and related services (+4,000), 

and management and technical consulting services (+4,000). 

Health care continued to add jobs in March (+22,000). Over the year, health care has added 363,000 

jobs. In March, job gains occurred in ambulatory health care services (+19,000) and hospitals (+8,000), 

while nursing care facilities lost jobs (-6,000). 

In March, employment in retail trade continued to trend up (+26,000), in line with its prior 12-month 

average gain. Within retail trade, general merchandise stores added 11,000 jobs in March. 

Employment in mining declined by 11,000 in March. The industry has lost 30,000 jobs thus far in 2015, 

after adding 41,000 jobs in 2014. The employment declines in the first quarter of 2015, as well as the 
- 3 - 

gains in 2014, were concentrated in support activities for mining, which includes support for oil and gas 

extraction. 

Employment in food services and drinking places changed little in March (+9,000), following a large 

increase in the prior month (+66,000). Job growth in the first quarter of 2015 averaged 33,000 per 

month, the same as the average monthly gain in 2014. 

Employment in other major industries, including construction, manufacturing, wholesale trade, 

transportation and warehousing, information, financial activities, and government, showed little 

change over the month. 

In March, the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls declined by 0.1 hour to 

34.5 hours. The manufacturing workweek decreased by 0.1 hour to 40.9 hours, and factory overtime 

remained at 3.4 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on 

private nonfarm payrolls decreased by 0.1 hour to 33.7 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

In March, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 7 cents to 

$24.86. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.1 percent. Average hourly earnings of 

private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees rose by 4 cents to $20.86 in March. (See 

tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for January was revised from +239,000 to +201,000, 

and the change for February was revised from +295,000 to +264,000. With these revisions, employment 

gains in January and February combined were 69,000 less than previously reported. Over the past 3 

months, job gains have averaged 197,000 per month. 

_____________ 

The Employment Situation for April is scheduled to be released on Friday, May 8, 2015, at 

8:30 a.m. (EDT).
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Change from:

Feb. 2015-

Mar. 2015

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population........................................... 247,258 249,723 249,899 250,080 181

Civilian labor force........................................................... 156,180 157,180 157,002 156,906 -96

Participation rate.......................................................... 63.2 62.9 62.8 62.7 -0.1

Employed................................................................... 145,796 148,201 148,297 148,331 34

Employment-population ratio.......................................... 59.0 59.3 59.3 59.3 0.0

Unemployed............................................................... 10,384 8,979 8,705 8,575 -130

Unemployment rate.................................................... 6.6 5.7 5.5 5.5 0.0

Not in labor force............................................................ 91,077 92,544 92,898 93,175 277

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over...................................................... 6.6 5.7 5.5 5.5 0.0

Adult men (20 years and over)............................................ 6.0 5.3 5.2 5.1 -0.1

Adult women (20 years and over)......................................... 6.2 5.1 4.9 4.9 0.0

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................ 20.9 18.8 17.1 17.5 0.4

White.......................................................................... 5.7 4.9 4.7 4.7 0.0

Black or African American.................................................. 12.2 10.3 10.4 10.1 -0.3

Asian.......................................................................... 5.4 4.0 4.0 3.2 -0.8

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................. 7.9 6.7 6.6 6.8 0.2

Total, 25 years and over...................................................... 5.4 4.6 4.5 4.4 -0.1

Less than a high school diploma.......................................... 9.4 8.5 8.4 8.6 0.2

High school graduates, no college........................................ 6.3 5.4 5.4 5.3 -0.1

Some college or associate degree........................................ 5.9 5.2 5.1 4.8 -0.3

Bachelor’s degree and higher.............................................. 3.4 2.8 2.7 2.5 -0.2

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs.................. 5,416 4,242 4,180 4,189 9

Job leavers...................................................................... 807 851 884 875 -9

Reentrants....................................................................... 3,027 2,829 2,655 2,689 34

New entrants.................................................................... 1,157 1,033 972 815 -157

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks............................................................. 2,477 2,383 2,431 2,488 57

5 to 14 weeks................................................................... 2,584 2,318 2,223 2,312 89

15 to 26 weeks................................................................. 1,669 1,380 1,335 1,253 -82

27 weeks and over............................................................. 3,682 2,800 2,709 2,563 -146

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons.............................................. 7,449 6,810 6,635 6,705 70

Slack work or business conditions........................................ 4,477 4,012 3,847 4,069 222

Could only find part-time work............................................. 2,685 2,460 2,426 2,337 -89

Part time for noneconomic reasons.......................................... 19,275 19,822 19,837 19,733 -104

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force....................................... 2,168 2,234 2,159 2,055 –

Discouraged workers........................................................ 698 682 732 738 –

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will

not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 201 264 126

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 202 264 129

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 51 20 -13

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 -7 -11 -11

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 41 29 -1

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 17 2 -1

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 12 5 0

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7 3.8 1.0 0.6

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -5 5 -3 -1

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 151 244 142

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 12.3 9.6 5.8

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.6 35.4 32.3 25.9

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.2 -13.1 9.7 9.5

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 6 7 2

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 19 7 8

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 20 42 40

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.0 -7.8 -7.5 11.4

Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 42 57 38

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.6 49.8 34.0 30.0

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 24 70 13

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 5 9 0

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 -1 0 -3

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 318 265 197

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 312 262 198

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.4 49.3 49.3 49.3

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.9 47.9 47.9 47.9

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.6 82.5 82.5 82.5

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.5 34.6 34.6 34.5

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $24.34 $24.76 $24.79 $24.86

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $839.73 $856.70 $857.73 $857.67

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.2 102.8 103.1 102.9

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4 0.1 0.3 -0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.4 121.5 121.9 122.1

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.2

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private (263 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.4 60.5 65.8 61.4

Manufacturing (80 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.5 58.8 61.3 47.5

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the

service-providing industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate

hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal

balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of 

employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series 

has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household 

survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 

100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically 

significant change in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a 

more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers 

whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private 

household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also 

provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences 

between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf. 

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, 

it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does 

not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which 

identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the 

foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The 

Employment Situation news release. 

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax 

records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more 

information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments 

with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the 

reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and 

industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 

 
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net 

employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an 

econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based 

on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census 

of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this 

purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There 

is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and 

availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment 

insurance benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons 

who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the 

unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There 

is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently 

looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, 

including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged 

workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include 

discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each 

month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these 

alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? 

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the 

month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than 

on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including 

pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates 

typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some 

employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, 

while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll 

employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates, 

employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees 

who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll 

employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit 

www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th 

of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as 

employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the 

number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure 

of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 

Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page, 

please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household 

survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES; 

establishment survey). The household survey provides 

information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked 

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 

eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for 

the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm 

payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of 

nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the 

CES program surveys about 143,000 businesses and 

government agencies, representing approximately 588,000 

individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry 

data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on 

nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately 

one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that contains 

the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the 

reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which 

may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime 

during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. 

Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be 

looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The 

unemployment data derived from the household survey in no 

way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of 

unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as 

employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The 

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent 

of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the 

labor force as a percent of the population, and 

the employment-population ratio is the employed as a 

percent of the population. Additional information 

about the household survey can be found at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted 

in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced 

for the private sector for all employees and for production 

and nonsupervisory employees. Production and

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging, 

construction workers in construction, and non-supervisory 

employees in private service-providing industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an 

establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 

2012 version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous 

conceptual and methodological differences between the 

household and establishment surveys result in important 

distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the 

surveys. Among these are: 

 The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, self-employed workers whose businesses 

are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and 

private household workers among the employed. 

These groups are excluded from the establishment 

survey. 

 The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not. 

 The household survey is limited to workers 16 years 

of age and older. The establishment survey is not 

limited by age. 

 The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance. 
Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and 

the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal 

developments, such as declines in employment or increases 

in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to 

spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number 

of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to 

obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to 

May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic 

activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment 

survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 

20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with 

the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying 

employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal 

employment changes at the end and beginning of the school 

year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make 

underlying employment patterns more discernable. The 

seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with 

which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic 

activity. 

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such 

as total payroll employment, employment in most major 

sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed 

by aggregating independently adjusted component series. 

For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the 

adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this 

differs from the unemployment estimate that would be 

obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the 

duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. 

When a sample, rather than the entire population, is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. The 

component of this difference that occurs because samples 

differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its 

variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. 

There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value 

because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment 

survey is on the order of plus or minus 105,000. Suppose the 

estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from 

one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on 

the monthly change would range from -55,000 to +155,000 

(50,000 +/- 105,000). These figures do not mean that the 

sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that 

there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range 

includes values of less than zero, we could not say with 

confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased 

that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment 

rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent 

confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, 

it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm 

employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an 

unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent 

confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment 

as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000, 

and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is 

about +/- 0.2 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such 

as for quarterly and annual averages. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all respondents 

in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to 

provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made 

by respondents, and errors made in the collection or 

processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for 

the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; 

for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the 

tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly 

estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, 

that the estimate is considered final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 

account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from sample-based 
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains 

from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample 

units going out of business, but imputing to them the same 

employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This 

procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death 

employment. 

The second component is an ARIMA time series model 

designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment 

not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time 

series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived 

from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level 

database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and 

deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy 

for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate 

changes in the classification of industries. Over the past 

decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm 

employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from 

-0.7 to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Mar.

2014

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Nov.

2014

Dec.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247,258 249,899 250,080 247,258 248,844 249,027 249,723 249,899 250,080

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155,627 156,213 156,318 156,180 156,402 156,129 157,180 157,002 156,906

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.9 62.5 62.5 63.2 62.9 62.7 62.9 62.8 62.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145,090 147,118 147,635 145,796 147,331 147,442 148,201 148,297 148,331

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.7 58.9 59.0 59.0 59.2 59.2 59.3 59.3 59.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,537 9,095 8,682 10,384 9,071 8,688 8,979 8,705 8,575

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 5.8 5.6 6.6 5.8 5.6 5.7 5.5 5.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91,630 93,686 93,762 91,077 92,442 92,898 92,544 92,898 93,175

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,891 6,575 6,065 6,153 6,556 6,445 6,358 6,538 6,369

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119,395 120,647 120,738 119,395 120,208 120,301 120,559 120,647 120,738

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,586 83,040 83,229 83,005 82,961 83,210 83,771 83,772 83,694

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.2 68.8 68.9 69.5 69.0 69.2 69.5 69.4 69.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,718 77,824 78,275 77,474 78,084 78,400 78,869 79,006 79,014

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.3 64.5 64.8 64.9 65.0 65.2 65.4 65.5 65.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,868 5,216 4,954 5,531 4,877 4,810 4,903 4,766 4,680

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 6.3 6.0 6.7 5.9 5.8 5.9 5.7 5.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,809 37,607 37,509 36,389 37,247 37,091 36,787 36,875 37,044

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110,930 112,209 112,304 110,930 111,778 111,875 112,117 112,209 112,304

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79,949 80,394 80,533 80,125 80,029 80,271 80,804 80,831 80,752

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.1 71.6 71.7 72.2 71.6 71.8 72.1 72.0 71.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,711 75,671 76,122 75,284 75,675 76,026 76,496 76,588 76,653

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.3 67.4 67.8 67.9 67.7 68.0 68.2 68.3 68.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,238 4,723 4,411 4,841 4,354 4,245 4,308 4,243 4,099

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6 5.9 5.5 6.0 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,981 31,816 31,771 30,805 31,749 31,603 31,313 31,379 31,552

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127,863 129,252 129,342 127,863 128,637 128,726 129,165 129,252 129,342

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,041 73,173 73,089 73,175 73,442 72,919 73,408 73,230 73,211

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.1 56.6 56.5 57.2 57.1 56.6 56.8 56.7 56.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,373 69,294 69,360 68,322 69,247 69,042 69,332 69,291 69,317

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.5 53.6 53.6 53.4 53.8 53.6 53.7 53.6 53.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,669 3,879 3,729 4,853 4,195 3,878 4,076 3,939 3,894

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 5.3 5.1 6.6 5.7 5.3 5.6 5.4 5.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,822 56,079 56,253 54,688 55,195 55,807 55,756 56,023 56,131

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119,669 121,060 121,152 119,669 120,465 120,557 120,970 121,060 121,152

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,402 70,526 70,374 70,363 70,599 70,111 70,558 70,370 70,330

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.8 58.3 58.1 58.8 58.6 58.2 58.3 58.1 58.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,170 67,058 67,022 66,009 66,894 66,632 66,983 66,901 66,874

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.3 55.4 55.3 55.2 55.5 55.3 55.4 55.3 55.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,232 3,468 3,352 4,354 3,705 3,479 3,575 3,469 3,455

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 4.9 4.8 6.2 5.2 5.0 5.1 4.9 4.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,267 50,534 50,779 49,307 49,866 50,446 50,412 50,690 50,823

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,658 16,630 16,624 16,658 16,602 16,595 16,636 16,630 16,624

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,276 5,293 5,411 5,692 5,775 5,747 5,817 5,801 5,824

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.7 31.8 32.5 34.2 34.8 34.6 35.0 34.9 35.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,209 4,389 4,491 4,504 4,762 4,784 4,722 4,808 4,804

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.3 26.4 27.0 27.0 28.7 28.8 28.4 28.9 28.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,066 904 920 1,189 1,013 963 1,096 993 1,021

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.2 17.1 17.0 20.9 17.5 16.8 18.8 17.1 17.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,382 11,337 11,213 10,966 10,827 10,849 10,819 10,829 10,800

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Mar.

2014

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Nov.

2014

Dec.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195,117 196,392 196,482 195,117 195,995 196,091 196,307 196,392 196,482

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,157 123,224 123,196 123,677 123,391 123,058 124,119 123,875 123,739

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.1 62.7 62.7 63.4 63.0 62.8 63.2 63.1 63.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,851 116,944 117,178 116,569 117,307 117,186 118,035 117,992 117,886

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.4 59.5 59.6 59.7 59.9 59.8 60.1 60.1 60.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,306 6,279 6,018 7,109 6,084 5,872 6,084 5,883 5,853

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 5.1 4.9 5.7 4.9 4.8 4.9 4.7 4.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,959 73,169 73,286 71,439 72,604 73,033 72,189 72,517 72,743

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,407 64,559 64,674 64,652 64,339 64,392 64,871 64,920 64,899

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.4 72.0 72.1 72.7 71.9 71.9 72.4 72.4 72.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,730 61,228 61,538 61,269 61,388 61,551 61,953 62,015 62,023

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.3 68.3 68.6 68.9 68.6 68.8 69.2 69.2 69.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,677 3,330 3,136 3,383 2,951 2,842 2,918 2,906 2,876

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 5.2 4.8 5.2 4.6 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,537 54,499 54,239 54,504 54,587 54,223 54,683 54,401 54,256

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.2 57.7 57.4 58.1 58.0 57.5 57.9 57.6 57.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,674 52,186 52,027 51,603 52,142 51,824 52,267 52,105 51,998

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.1 55.3 55.1 55.0 55.4 55.0 55.4 55.2 55.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,864 2,312 2,212 2,901 2,445 2,399 2,416 2,296 2,258

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 4.2 4.1 5.3 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.2 4.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,213 4,166 4,283 4,521 4,466 4,443 4,565 4,554 4,584

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.0 33.8 34.7 36.5 36.2 36.0 37.0 36.9 37.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,448 3,529 3,613 3,696 3,777 3,811 3,814 3,872 3,865

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.8 28.6 29.3 29.8 30.6 30.9 30.9 31.4 31.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765 637 670 825 689 632 751 682 719

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.2 15.3 15.6 18.2 15.4 14.2 16.4 15.0 15.7

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,719 31,222 31,257 30,719 31,005 31,040 31,188 31,222 31,257

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,763 18,941 19,020 18,790 19,056 19,037 19,040 19,101 19,055

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.1 60.7 60.8 61.2 61.5 61.3 61.0 61.2 61.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,501 16,975 17,117 16,492 16,957 17,050 17,071 17,122 17,129

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.7 54.4 54.8 53.7 54.7 54.9 54.7 54.8 54.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,262 1,966 1,902 2,298 2,099 1,986 1,969 1,979 1,926

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.1 10.4 10.0 12.2 11.0 10.4 10.3 10.4 10.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,956 12,281 12,237 11,929 11,949 12,003 12,148 12,122 12,202

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,531 8,628 8,714 8,511 8,594 8,717 8,676 8,710 8,711

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.3 66.6 67.2 67.1 66.9 67.8 67.1 67.3 67.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,471 7,685 7,810 7,500 7,630 7,756 7,757 7,805 7,841

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.9 59.4 60.2 59.1 59.4 60.3 60.0 60.3 60.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,059 943 904 1,011 964 962 919 905 870

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.4 10.9 10.4 11.9 11.2 11.0 10.6 10.4 10.0

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,635 9,656 9,714 9,636 9,709 9,598 9,667 9,665 9,703

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.1 61.2 61.5 62.1 61.9 61.2 61.3 61.3 61.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,628 8,820 8,853 8,573 8,786 8,812 8,824 8,809 8,807

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.6 55.9 56.0 55.3 56.1 56.2 56.0 55.8 55.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,006 835 862 1,062 922 785 843 857 895

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.4 8.7 8.9 11.0 9.5 8.2 8.7 8.9 9.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 598 658 591 644 754 722 697 726 642

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.7 26.4 23.7 25.5 30.2 29.0 27.9 29.1 25.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 471 455 419 541 482 490 508 481

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.9 18.8 18.2 16.6 21.7 19.4 19.6 20.4 19.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 188 137 225 213 240 207 218 161

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.9 28.5 23.1 34.9 28.2 33.2 29.7 30.0 25.0

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,769 14,291 14,296 13,769 13,927 13,886 14,253 14,291 14,296

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Mar.

2014

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Nov.

2014

Dec.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,889 9,042 8,967 8,857 8,768 8,771 8,899 9,038 8,934

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.6 63.3 62.7 64.3 63.0 63.2 62.4 63.2 62.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,409 8,672 8,685 8,375 8,353 8,398 8,540 8,680 8,646

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.1 60.7 60.7 60.8 60.0 60.5 59.9 60.7 60.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480 369 282 482 415 373 359 358 288

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 4.1 3.1 5.4 4.7 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,880 5,249 5,329 4,912 5,159 5,115 5,355 5,253 5,363

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are

introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Mar.

2014

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Nov.

2014

Dec.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population................ 38,126 39,244 39,323 38,126 38,760 38,839 39,165 39,244 39,323

Civilian labor force................................ 25,158 25,850 25,991 25,287 25,655 25,644 26,047 25,962 26,087

Participation rate............................... 66.0 65.9 66.1 66.3 66.2 66.0 66.5 66.2 66.3

Employed....................................... 23,126 23,975 24,177 23,284 23,963 23,988 24,305 24,238 24,319

Employment-population ratio............... 60.7 61.1 61.5 61.1 61.8 61.8 62.1 61.8 61.8

Unemployed.................................... 2,031 1,875 1,814 2,003 1,692 1,656 1,742 1,724 1,768

Unemployment rate......................... 8.1 7.3 7.0 7.9 6.6 6.5 6.7 6.6 6.8

Not in labor force................................. 12,968 13,395 13,332 12,838 13,105 13,196 13,118 13,282 13,236

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 13,922 14,388 14,407 13,992 14,258 14,264 14,479 14,465 14,465

Participation rate............................... 80.8 81.4 81.3 81.2 81.3 81.1 82.1 81.8 81.6

Employed....................................... 12,968 13,397 13,519 13,077 13,432 13,507 13,647 13,601 13,627

Employment-population ratio............... 75.2 75.8 76.3 75.9 76.5 76.8 77.3 76.9 76.9

Unemployed.................................... 954 991 888 915 826 757 832 864 837

Unemployment rate......................... 6.9 6.9 6.2 6.5 5.8 5.3 5.7 6.0 5.8

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 10,200 10,333 10,453 10,200 10,253 10,168 10,344 10,309 10,435

Participation rate............................... 59.2 57.8 58.4 59.2 58.5 57.9 58.0 57.7 58.3

Employed....................................... 9,342 9,667 9,748 9,363 9,590 9,501 9,704 9,685 9,755

Employment-population ratio............... 54.2 54.1 54.4 54.3 54.7 54.1 54.4 54.2 54.5

Unemployed.................................... 857 666 705 837 663 667 640 625 680

Unemployment rate......................... 8.4 6.4 6.7 8.2 6.5 6.6 6.2 6.1 6.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................ 1,036 1,129 1,131 1,094 1,144 1,211 1,224 1,187 1,187

Participation rate............................... 28.4 30.6 30.6 30.0 31.1 32.9 33.2 32.2 32.2

Employed....................................... 816 911 909 844 942 980 954 952 937

Employment-population ratio............... 22.3 24.7 24.6 23.1 25.6 26.6 25.9 25.8 25.4

Unemployed.................................... 220 218 222 250 202 231 270 235 250

Unemployment rate......................... 21.3 19.3 19.6 22.9 17.7 19.1 22.1 19.8 21.1

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2014

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Nov.

2014

Dec.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................. 11,150 10,867 11,113 11,138 11,153 11,031 11,439 11,126 11,089

Participation rate.................................. 45.7 45.2 45.2 45.6 45.7 45.4 46.0 46.3 45.1

Employed.......................................... 10,011 9,842 10,067 10,087 10,201 10,079 10,468 10,196 10,134

Employment-population ratio................. 41.0 41.0 40.9 41.3 41.8 41.5 42.1 42.4 41.2

Unemployed....................................... 1,139 1,025 1,046 1,051 952 952 971 929 955

Unemployment rate............................ 10.2 9.4 9.4 9.4 8.5 8.6 8.5 8.4 8.6

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................. 36,214 35,142 35,620 36,362 35,478 35,164 35,418 35,371 35,656

Participation rate.................................. 58.5 57.0 57.2 58.7 57.8 57.5 57.9 57.4 57.3

Employed.......................................... 33,759 33,037 33,591 34,065 33,476 33,310 33,492 33,464 33,752

Employment-population ratio................. 54.5 53.6 53.9 55.0 54.5 54.5 54.8 54.3 54.2

Unemployed....................................... 2,455 2,106 2,029 2,298 2,002 1,854 1,926 1,907 1,904

Unemployment rate............................ 6.8 6.0 5.7 6.3 5.6 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.3

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................. 37,065 37,457 37,411 37,229 37,246 37,140 37,479 37,490 37,558

Participation rate.................................. 67.0 66.7 67.3 67.2 66.7 66.9 67.2 66.8 67.6

Employed.......................................... 34,812 35,441 35,568 35,044 35,422 35,310 35,540 35,588 35,755

Employment-population ratio................. 62.9 63.1 64.0 63.3 63.5 63.6 63.8 63.4 64.4

Unemployed....................................... 2,253 2,015 1,843 2,185 1,824 1,831 1,939 1,902 1,803

Unemployment rate............................ 6.1 5.4 4.9 5.9 4.9 4.9 5.2 5.1 4.8

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................. 50,257 51,996 51,573 49,921 51,222 51,772 51,550 51,583 51,272

Participation rate.................................. 75.2 74.9 74.8 74.7 74.7 74.6 74.4 74.4 74.3

Employed.......................................... 48,570 50,576 50,333 48,220 49,608 50,290 50,084 50,172 50,007

Employment-population ratio................. 72.7 72.9 73.0 72.2 72.3 72.5 72.3 72.3 72.5

Unemployed....................................... 1,687 1,421 1,240 1,700 1,614 1,482 1,466 1,411 1,265

Unemployment rate............................ 3.4 2.7 2.4 3.4 3.2 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.5

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2

Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

Mar.

2014

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Mar.

2015

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,266 21,300 19,021 19,307 2,245 1,993

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,872 10,869 9,457 9,610 1,415 1,259

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.1 51.0 49.7 49.8 63.0 63.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,221 10,334 8,863 9,147 1,359 1,187

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.1 48.5 46.6 47.4 60.5 59.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 650 535 594 463 56 72

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 4.9 6.3 4.8 4.0 5.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,394 10,431 9,564 9,697 830 734

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,069 3,431 2,491 2,863 578 568

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,510 2,826 2,125 2,423 385 402

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.8 82.4 85.3 84.6 66.6 70.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,338 2,642 1,973 2,267 365 375

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.2 77.0 79.2 79.2 63.1 66.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 184 152 156 20 27

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 6.5 7.2 6.5 5.2 6.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559 605 365 440 193 166

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,354 3,540 2,643 2,954 711 586

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,752 2,859 2,227 2,429 525 431

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.1 80.8 84.2 82.2 73.9 73.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,611 2,760 2,115 2,348 496 411

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.8 78.0 80.0 79.5 69.8 70.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 100 112 80 30 20

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 3.5 5.0 3.3 5.7 4.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 602 681 416 525 185 155

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,514 9,023 9,157 8,702 357 321

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,826 2,438 2,732 2,352 94 86

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.7 27.0 29.8 27.0 26.3 26.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,666 2,319 2,572 2,239 94 80

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.0 25.7 28.1 25.7 26.3 25.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 119 160 113 0 6

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 4.9 5.8 4.8 0.0 6.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,688 6,585 6,425 6,350 263 235

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,329 5,306 4,730 4,788 599 518

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,783 2,746 2,373 2,406 410 340

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.2 51.8 50.2 50.3 68.5 65.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,607 2,613 2,202 2,293 404 321

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.9 49.3 46.6 47.9 67.5 61.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 133 170 113 6 19

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 4.8 7.2 4.7 1.5 5.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,546 2,560 2,357 2,382 189 178

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217,078 220,025 95,852 96,988 121,226 123,037

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142,994 143,700 72,298 72,780 70,696 70,920

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.9 65.3 75.4 75.0 58.3 57.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133,460 135,856 67,234 68,461 66,226 67,395

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.5 61.7 70.1 70.6 54.6 54.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,534 7,844 5,064 4,320 4,470 3,525

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 5.5 7.0 5.9 6.3 5.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,085 76,325 23,554 24,208 50,531 52,117

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the

U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August

1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service

periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the

selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Mar.

2014

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Mar.

2015

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population...................................................... 28,863 29,919 218,395 220,161

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 5,634 5,917 149,994 150,401

Participation rate..................................................................... 19.5 19.8 68.7 68.3

Employed............................................................................. 4,819 5,222 140,271 142,413

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 16.7 17.5 64.2 64.7

Unemployed.......................................................................... 815 695 9,722 7,988

Unemployment rate............................................................... 14.5 11.7 6.5 5.3

Not in labor force....................................................................... 23,229 24,002 68,401 69,760

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,502 2,674 75,591 75,765

Participation rate..................................................................... 33.1 34.2 82.1 82.0

Employed............................................................................. 2,095 2,306 70,336 71,365

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 27.7 29.5 76.4 77.2

Unemployed.......................................................................... 407 368 5,254 4,400

Unemployment rate............................................................... 16.3 13.8 7.0 5.8

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,058 5,140 16,475 16,647

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,170 2,312 67,103 66,766

Participation rate..................................................................... 27.7 28.1 70.5 69.9

Employed............................................................................. 1,827 2,053 62,928 63,434

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 23.3 25.0 66.1 66.4

Unemployed.......................................................................... 343 259 4,175 3,332

Unemployment rate............................................................... 15.8 11.2 6.2 5.0

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,661 5,909 28,137 28,777

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 962 931 7,300 7,870

Participation rate..................................................................... 7.1 6.7 23.5 24.4

Employed............................................................................. 897 864 7,007 7,614

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 6.7 6.2 22.5 23.6

Unemployed.......................................................................... 65 67 293 255

Unemployment rate............................................................... 6.8 7.2 4.0 3.2

Not in labor force....................................................................... 12,510 12,953 23,789 24,337

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty

seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or

emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as

visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

Mar.

2014

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Mar.

2015

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 38,557 40,198 18,640 19,460 19,917 20,738

Civilian labor force.................................................. 25,474 26,328 14,792 15,321 10,682 11,006

Participation rate.................................................. 66.1 65.5 79.4 78.7 53.6 53.1

Employed.......................................................... 23,811 24,937 13,964 14,539 9,848 10,398

Employment-population ratio................................. 61.8 62.0 74.9 74.7 49.4 50.1

Unemployed....................................................... 1,662 1,391 828 782 834 608

Unemployment rate............................................ 6.5 5.3 5.6 5.1 7.8 5.5

Not in labor force.................................................... 13,083 13,870 3,848 4,139 9,235 9,731

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 208,701 209,882 100,754 101,278 107,947 108,604

Civilian labor force.................................................. 130,154 129,990 67,794 67,907 62,360 62,083

Participation rate.................................................. 62.4 61.9 67.3 67.1 57.8 57.2

Employed.......................................................... 121,279 122,698 62,754 63,736 58,525 58,962

Employment-population ratio................................. 58.1 58.5 62.3 62.9 54.2 54.3

Unemployed....................................................... 8,875 7,292 5,040 4,171 3,835 3,120

Unemployment rate............................................ 6.8 5.6 7.4 6.1 6.1 5.0

Not in labor force.................................................... 78,547 79,892 32,960 33,371 45,587 46,522

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States

or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born

in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2014

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Nov.

2014

Dec.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................. 2,008 2,234 2,405 2,155 2,392 2,358 2,419 2,430 2,559

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 1,265 1,397 1,490 1,386 1,621 1,506 1,566 1,572 1,628

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 727 808 881 744 749 815 835 833 893

Unpaid family workers........................... 16 29 34 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries.......................... 143,082 144,884 145,230 143,560 144,939 145,101 145,743 145,880 145,699

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 134,512 136,577 136,563 134,791 136,093 136,415 136,949 137,447 136,830

Government..................................... 20,862 20,893 20,729 20,415 19,956 19,956 20,330 20,582 20,246

Private industries............................... 113,650 115,683 115,834 114,418 116,144 116,469 116,664 116,890 116,654

Private households.......................... 861 817 798 – – – – – –

Other industries.............................. 112,788 114,866 115,037 113,536 115,361 115,676 115,724 116,042 115,839

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 8,521 8,238 8,588 8,660 8,794 8,660 8,725 8,386 8,685

Unpaid family workers........................... 49 69 79 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 7,455 6,772 6,672 7,449 6,851 6,790 6,810 6,635 6,705

Slack work or business conditions............. 4,397 4,011 4,027 4,477 4,068 4,061 4,012 3,847 4,069

Could only find part-time work.................. 2,741 2,355 2,333 2,685 2,447 2,432 2,460 2,426 2,337

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 19,732 20,437 20,159 19,275 19,971 19,730 19,822 19,837 19,733

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 7,321 6,669 6,569 7,335 6,731 6,699 6,690 6,539 6,620

Slack work or business conditions............. 4,325 3,941 3,966 4,426 3,997 3,983 3,951 3,791 4,028

Could only find part-time work.................. 2,713 2,345 2,320 2,659 2,412 2,411 2,432 2,415 2,302

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 19,424 20,079 19,786 18,925 19,594 19,416 19,446 19,505 19,374

1

Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for

the entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business

conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or

training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to

34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2014

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Nov.

2014

Dec.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145,090 147,118 147,635 145,796 147,331 147,442 148,201 148,297 148,331

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,209 4,389 4,491 4,504 4,762 4,784 4,722 4,808 4,804

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,409 1,433 1,445 1,570 1,663 1,678 1,651 1,637 1,615

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,800 2,956 3,046 2,940 3,065 3,090 3,058 3,186 3,189

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,881 142,729 143,144 141,293 142,569 142,658 143,480 143,489 143,527

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,729 13,833 13,584 13,940 13,939 13,847 14,011 14,114 13,823

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127,152 128,896 129,560 127,274 128,673 128,860 129,435 129,349 129,614

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95,100 96,086 96,300 95,357 95,856 95,975 96,464 96,565 96,501

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,697 32,559 32,563 31,853 32,271 32,354 32,574 32,682 32,693

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,940 30,909 31,103 30,953 31,018 31,021 31,157 31,071 31,095

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,463 32,618 32,634 32,551 32,567 32,600 32,734 32,812 32,713

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,052 32,810 33,260 31,917 32,817 32,885 32,971 32,784 33,113

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,718 77,824 78,275 77,474 78,084 78,400 78,869 79,006 79,014

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,007 2,153 2,153 2,190 2,409 2,374 2,372 2,418 2,361

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 621 666 668 696 847 828 802 791 762

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,385 1,487 1,485 1,485 1,552 1,531 1,560 1,636 1,584

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,711 75,671 76,122 75,284 75,675 76,026 76,496 76,588 76,653

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,099 7,102 6,932 7,249 7,114 7,167 7,198 7,324 7,088

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,612 68,569 69,190 68,001 68,593 68,890 69,248 69,190 69,506

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,730 51,312 51,615 51,128 51,282 51,448 51,809 51,860 51,948

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,144 17,560 17,639 17,345 17,336 17,534 17,722 17,743 17,804

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,619 16,595 16,746 16,714 16,784 16,748 16,807 16,760 16,824

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,967 17,157 17,230 17,069 17,162 17,166 17,281 17,357 17,321

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,882 17,256 17,575 16,872 17,311 17,441 17,439 17,330 17,557

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,373 69,294 69,360 68,322 69,247 69,042 69,332 69,291 69,317

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,203 2,236 2,339 2,313 2,353 2,410 2,349 2,389 2,442

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 788 767 778 874 816 850 849 846 853

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,415 1,470 1,561 1,455 1,513 1,559 1,499 1,550 1,605

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,170 67,058 67,022 66,009 66,894 66,632 66,983 66,901 66,874

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,630 6,731 6,652 6,692 6,825 6,680 6,813 6,790 6,735

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,540 60,328 60,370 59,274 60,080 59,970 60,187 60,159 60,108

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,370 44,774 44,685 44,229 44,574 44,527 44,655 44,705 44,552

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,553 14,999 14,924 14,508 14,935 14,820 14,852 14,939 14,889

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,321 14,314 14,356 14,238 14,234 14,273 14,350 14,311 14,271

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,496 15,461 15,404 15,482 15,406 15,434 15,453 15,456 15,392

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,170 15,553 15,685 15,045 15,506 15,443 15,532 15,453 15,556

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,183 44,575 45,103 44,439 44,267 44,588 44,934 44,951 45,304

Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,838 35,146 35,232 34,780 34,799 34,645 34,843 34,910 35,106

Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,344 9,137 9,443 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,985 119,313 119,981 118,062 119,507 119,934 120,711 120,834 121,024

Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,106 27,805 27,655 27,665 27,775 27,506 27,546 27,471 27,301

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,143 7,221 7,264 7,021 7,403 7,285 7,485 7,059 7,158

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.8 5.0 4.9 5.1 4.8 4.8

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,462 5,425 5,514 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,249 9,047 9,469 9,403 9,543 9,475 9,560 9,220 9,579

1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Mar.

2014

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Nov.

2014

Dec.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over........................... 10,384 8,705 8,575 6.6 5.8 5.6 5.7 5.5 5.5

16 to 19 years..................................... 1,189 993 1,021 20.9 17.5 16.8 18.8 17.1 17.5

16 to 17 years.................................. 401 374 356 20.4 17.8 18.8 19.9 18.6 18.1

18 to 19 years.................................. 769 625 659 20.7 17.6 15.4 18.2 16.4 17.1

20 years and over................................ 9,195 7,712 7,554 6.1 5.4 5.1 5.2 5.1 5.0

20 to 24 years.................................. 1,932 1,563 1,599 12.2 10.9 10.8 9.8 10.0 10.4

25 years and over.............................. 7,239 6,124 5,932 5.4 4.7 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.4

25 to 54 years............................... 5,632 4,634 4,559 5.6 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.6 4.5

25 to 34 years............................. 2,312 1,869 1,955 6.8 6.1 5.9 5.9 5.4 5.6

35 to 44 years............................. 1,663 1,452 1,346 5.1 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.1

45 to 54 years............................. 1,657 1,312 1,259 4.8 4.1 4.0 4.1 3.8 3.7

55 years and over........................... 1,577 1,479 1,356 4.7 4.5 3.9 4.1 4.3 3.9

Men, 16 years and over............................ 5,531 4,766 4,680 6.7 5.9 5.8 5.9 5.7 5.6

16 to 19 years..................................... 690 523 581 24.0 17.8 19.2 20.0 17.8 19.8

16 to 17 years.................................. 238 188 196 25.5 20.1 20.0 20.8 19.2 20.5

18 to 19 years.................................. 445 343 387 23.0 16.6 18.2 19.4 17.3 19.6

20 years and over................................ 4,841 4,243 4,099 6.0 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.1

20 to 24 years.................................. 1,094 891 893 13.1 11.8 11.6 11.5 10.9 11.2

25 years and over.............................. 3,734 3,321 3,184 5.2 4.8 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.4

25 to 54 years............................... 2,894 2,494 2,432 5.4 4.8 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.5

25 to 34 years............................. 1,172 1,045 1,053 6.3 6.0 5.7 5.8 5.6 5.6

35 to 44 years............................. 862 753 720 4.9 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.1

45 to 54 years............................. 860 696 660 4.8 4.1 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.7

55 years and over........................... 840 827 752 4.7 4.7 4.2 4.1 4.6 4.1

Women, 16 years and over........................ 4,853 3,939 3,894 6.6 5.7 5.3 5.6 5.4 5.3

16 to 19 years..................................... 499 470 439 17.7 17.2 14.2 17.6 16.4 15.2

16 to 17 years.................................. 164 186 160 15.8 15.2 17.6 19.0 18.0 15.8

18 to 19 years.................................. 324 282 272 18.2 18.6 12.4 16.9 15.4 14.5

20 years and over................................ 4,354 3,469 3,455 6.2 5.2 5.0 5.1 4.9 4.9

20 to 24 years.................................. 838 671 706 11.1 10.0 9.9 7.9 9.0 9.5

25 years and over.............................. 3,504 2,803 2,747 5.6 4.7 4.4 4.7 4.5 4.4

25 to 54 years............................... 2,738 2,140 2,127 5.8 4.9 4.7 4.9 4.6 4.6

25 to 34 years............................. 1,140 824 902 7.3 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.2 5.7

35 to 44 years............................. 801 699 626 5.3 4.6 4.3 4.4 4.7 4.2

45 to 54 years............................. 797 617 599 4.9 4.0 3.9 4.4 3.8 3.7

55 years and over........................... 729 644 604 4.6 4.2 3.7 4.1 4.0 3.7

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present...................... 1,688 1,405 1,309 3.7 3.2 3.0 2.9 3.0 2.8

Married women, spouse present.................. 1,524 1,167 1,107 4.2 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.1

Women who maintain families1

.................... 923 760 830 9.0 8.2 7.8 8.1 7.7 8.1

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2................................... 8,794 7,275 7,159 6.9 6.0 5.7 5.9 5.7 5.6

Part-time workers3.................................. 1,580 1,405 1,418 5.4 5.1 5.0 4.9 4.9 4.9

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time

jobs.

3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from

part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2014

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Nov.

2014

Dec.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 5,779 4,721 4,503 5,416 4,480 4,325 4,242 4,180 4,189

On temporary layoff.............................. 1,236 1,349 1,199 1,046 1,070 959 902 1,021 999

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 4,543 3,372 3,304 4,370 3,410 3,366 3,339 3,158 3,190

Permanent job losers.......................... 3,370 2,316 2,298 3,237 2,446 2,388 2,371 2,212 2,223

Persons who completed temporary jobs. . .. 1,174 1,056 1,006 1,132 964 977 968 946 967

Job leavers........................................... 780 894 853 807 835 798 851 884 875

Reentrants............................................ 2,929 2,635 2,597 3,027 2,761 2,701 2,829 2,655 2,689

New entrants......................................... 1,049 845 729 1,157 1,045 971 1,033 972 815

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 54.8 51.9 51.9 52.0 49.1 49.2 47.4 48.1 48.9

On temporary layoff.............................. 11.7 14.8 13.8 10.1 11.7 10.9 10.1 11.7 11.7

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 43.1 37.1 38.0 42.0 37.4 38.3 37.3 36.3 37.2

Job leavers........................................... 7.4 9.8 9.8 7.8 9.2 9.1 9.5 10.2 10.2

Reentrants............................................ 27.8 29.0 29.9 29.1 30.3 30.7 31.6 30.5 31.4

New entrants......................................... 10.0 9.3 8.4 11.1 11.5 11.0 11.5 11.2 9.5

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 3.7 3.0 2.9 3.5 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.7

Job leavers........................................... 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

Reentrants............................................ 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7

New entrants......................................... 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2014

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Nov.

2014

Dec.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 2,064 2,185 2,108 2,477 2,505 2,375 2,383 2,431 2,488

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 2,766 2,662 2,511 2,584 2,378 2,293 2,318 2,223 2,312

15 weeks and over.................................. 5,708 4,248 4,064 5,352 4,225 4,059 4,180 4,044 3,816

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 1,913 1,485 1,428 1,669 1,403 1,274 1,380 1,335 1,253

27 weeks and over............................... 3,795 2,763 2,635 3,682 2,822 2,785 2,800 2,709 2,563

Average (mean) duration, in weeks............... 36.2 31.1 31.3 35.2 33.0 32.8 32.3 31.7 30.7

Median duration, in weeks......................... 17.3 13.1 13.2 15.9 12.8 12.6 13.4 13.1 12.2

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 19.6 24.0 24.3 23.8 27.5 27.2 26.8 27.9 28.9

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 26.2 29.3 28.9 24.8 26.1 26.3 26.1 25.6 26.8

15 weeks and over.................................. 54.2 46.7 46.8 51.4 46.4 46.5 47.1 46.5 44.3

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 18.2 16.3 16.5 16.0 15.4 14.6 15.5 15.4 14.5

27 weeks and over............................... 36.0 30.4 30.4 35.4 31.0 31.9 31.5 31.1 29.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Mar.

2014

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Mar.

2015

Total, 16 years and over1

............................................. 145,090 147,635 10,537 8,682 6.8 5.6

Management, professional, and related occupations........... 56,036 57,805 1,890 1,398 3.3 2.4

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations..................................................... 23,020 23,955 827 638 3.5 2.6

Professional and related occupations.......................... 33,016 33,850 1,063 760 3.1 2.2

Service occupations................................................ 25,294 25,010 2,190 1,782 8.0 6.6

Sales and office occupations...................................... 33,745 33,927 2,343 2,000 6.5 5.6

Sales and related occupations.................................. 15,901 15,949 1,163 976 6.8 5.8

Office and administrative support occupations............... 17,844 17,977 1,180 1,024 6.2 5.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations........................................................ 13,005 13,437 1,438 1,366 10.0 9.2

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.................... 910 999 210 186 18.7 15.7

Construction and extraction occupations...................... 7,370 7,439 981 922 11.8 11.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations........... 4,726 5,000 247 259 5.0 4.9

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations........................................................ 17,010 17,456 1,601 1,372 8.6 7.3

Production occupations.......................................... 8,135 8,631 698 593 7.9 6.4

Transportation and material moving occupations............ 8,874 8,825 903 779 9.2 8.1

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Mar.

2014

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Mar.

2015

Total, 16 years and over1

................................................................ 10,537 8,682 6.8 5.6

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers.................................. 8,110 6,736 6.7 5.5

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.................................... 60 84 5.3 8.0

Construction.......................................................................... 950 831 11.3 9.5

Manufacturing........................................................................ 826 734 5.4 4.8

Durable goods..................................................................... 471 469 4.9 4.8

Nondurable goods................................................................ 355 265 6.2 4.7

Wholesale and retail trade......................................................... 1,414 1,252 6.8 6.0

Transportation and utilities......................................................... 424 263 6.8 4.3

Information............................................................................ 161 84 5.1 3.0

Financial activities................................................................... 403 248 4.2 2.6

Professional and business services............................................... 1,273 1,019 8.1 6.5

Education and health services..................................................... 900 742 4.0 3.3

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 1,312 1,135 10.2 8.6

Other services........................................................................ 386 344 6.2 5.4

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers......................... 213 251 14.9 14.9

Government workers................................................................... 681 509 3.2 2.4

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............ 485 456 4.9 4.5

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2014

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Nov.

2014

Dec.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015

Mar.

2015

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,

as a percent of the civilian labor force......... 3.7 2.7 2.6 3.4 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.4

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force......................................... 3.7 3.0 2.9 3.5 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.7

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate)................................................ 6.8 5.8 5.6 6.6 5.8 5.6 5.7 5.5 5.5

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged

workers, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus discouraged workers................. 7.2 6.3 6.0 7.1 6.2 6.0 6.1 6.0 5.9

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged

workers, plus all other persons marginally

attached to the labor force, as a percent of

the civilian labor force plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . .. 8.1 7.1 6.8 7.9 7.1 6.9 7.0 6.8 6.7

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic

reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus all persons marginally attached to

the labor force..................................... 12.8 11.4 11.0 12.6 11.4 11.2 11.3 11.0 10.9

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and

are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have

given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are

available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

Mar.

2014

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Mar.

2015

Mar.

2014

Mar.

2015

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force........................................... 91,630 93,762 36,809 37,509 54,822 56,253

Persons who currently want a job................................ 5,891 6,065 2,841 2,911 3,050 3,154

Marginally attached to the labor force1

........................ 2,168 2,055 1,145 1,083 1,024 972

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 698 738 430 485 269 254

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. .. 1,470 1,317 715 599 755 718

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4

............................................. 7,143 7,264 3,445 3,580 3,698 3,684

Percent of total employed.......................................... 4.9 4.9 4.5 4.6 5.4 5.3

Primary job full time, secondary job part time................... 3,717 3,872 2,012 2,132 1,705 1,741

Primary and secondary jobs both part time..................... 1,977 1,988 646 702 1,330 1,287

Primary and secondary jobs both full time....................... 281 244 173 154 107 90

Hours vary on primary or secondary job......................... 1,118 1,120 591 571 527 549

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference

week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks

schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and

transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4

Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

Change

from:

Feb.2015 -

Mar.2015p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137,214 138,671 139,503 140,326 138,055 140,793 141,057 141,183 126

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,989 116,899 117,315 118,035 116,229 118,892 119,156 119,285 129

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,675 19,025 19,035 19,151 19,073 19,540 19,560 19,547 -13

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 868 893 878 870 880 906 895 884 -11

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.0 52.9 52.4 52.1 52.4 53.5 54.2 54.4 0.2

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 817.6 840.0 825.6 817.6 827.7 852.2 841.1 830.0 -11.1

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192.7 199.2 196.8 196.8 193.7 199.4 198.0 198.3 0.3

Mining, except oil and gas1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201.0 197.9 196.7 197.6 207.4 206.4 205.3 204.0 -1.3

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.6 70.9 70.6 70.5 73.7 71.5 71.1 70.8 -0.3

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423.9 442.9 432.1 423.2 426.6 446.4 437.8 427.7 -10.1

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,746 5,920 5,929 6,025 6,062 6,316 6,345 6,344 -1

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,283.4 1,348.6 1,343.1 1,362.2 1,336.3 1,405.0 1,410.6 1,414.9 4.3

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615.2 658.7 651.7 661.3 644.8 688.7 687.8 691.5 3.7

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 668.2 689.9 691.4 700.9 691.5 716.3 722.8 723.4 0.6

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . 823.9 833.4 833.9 853.7 904.3 938.8 937.6 933.7 -3.9

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,638.2 3,737.7 3,751.5 3,809.1 3,821.8 3,971.8 3,997.2 3,995.1 -2.1

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . 1,549.4 1,613.6 1,620.5 1,639.3 1,636.7 1,720.6 1,732.8 1,726.3 -6.5

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 2,088.8 2,124.1 2,131.0 2,169.8 2,185.1 2,251.2 2,264.4 2,268.8 4.4

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,061 12,212 12,228 12,256 12,131 12,318 12,320 12,319 -1

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,600 7,741 7,755 7,774 7,628 7,794 7,799 7,799 0

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361.9 373.5 373.1 373.1 367.4 380.0 378.7 378.6 -0.1

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369.1 382.4 381.6 388.5 379.2 396.8 397.7 398.5 0.8

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396.3 407.5 405.5 406.7 396.8 407.5 406.9 406.8 -0.1

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,438.5 1,465.0 1,467.9 1,469.7 1,445.3 1,474.7 1,475.9 1,475.1 -0.8

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,116.1 1,141.0 1,141.6 1,140.2 1,116.3 1,144.0 1,143.1 1,141.0 -2.1

Computer and electronic products1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,048.3 1,052.9 1,054.7 1,055.0 1,050.7 1,056.4 1,058.3 1,057.1 -1.2

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . 158.2 167.7 167.9 167.4 159.5 167.9 168.6 168.7 0.1

Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.3 90.2 90.2 90.1 95.3 90.3 90.5 90.2 -0.3

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368.0 369.6 370.5 370.1 368.3 370.8 371.0 370.5 -0.5

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389.6 387.5 389.3 390.2 390.2 389.4 390.9 390.3 -0.6

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . 375.3 371.3 372.1 370.5 376.6 371.9 372.4 371.5 -0.9

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,547.4 1,586.4 1,595.3 1,600.4 1,543.7 1,592.9 1,594.8 1,595.3 0.5

Motor vehicles and parts2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 865.6 903.3 907.1 912.1 860.5 906.3 907.3 907.9 0.6

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366.0 379.3 380.0 383.6 368.0 384.2 385.2 386.2 1.0

Miscellaneous durable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 581.0 581.9 583.0 586.2 584.3 585.4 586.3 589.1 2.8

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,461 4,471 4,473 4,482 4,503 4,524 4,521 4,520 -1

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,460.8 1,464.9 1,468.0 1,471.8 1,487.3 1,493.3 1,494.3 1,494.8 0.5

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.2 117.6 118.5 118.4 117.3 119.3 118.9 118.5 -0.4

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.2 112.8 113.0 113.1 114.0 114.4 114.4 113.9 -0.5

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142.6 139.0 138.4 137.3 142.5 139.0 137.8 137.6 -0.2

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372.1 365.7 364.8 365.3 373.9 366.9 366.7 366.9 0.2

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . 452.7 444.8 445.7 447.0 454.0 447.3 448.0 448.1 0.1

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.5 107.6 102.5 101.9 110.1 111.6 106.0 104.5 -1.5

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 797.9 806.1 808.6 809.7 798.3 808.6 810.4 810.1 -0.3

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 668.6 679.9 681.6 684.2 670.1 684.2 685.0 685.2 0.2

Miscellaneous nondurable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228.3 232.7 232.0 233.5 235.2 239.7 239.6 240.3 0.7

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96,314 97,874 98,280 98,884 97,156 99,352 99,596 99,738 142

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,852 26,546 26,349 26,451 26,190 26,704 26,756 26,797 41

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,758.3 5,837.2 5,850.8 5,869.1 5,793.0 5,887.8 5,897.4 5,903.2 5.8

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,883.8 2,922.6 2,928.9 2,933.9 2,895.8 2,938.7 2,944.1 2,944.8 0.7

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,989.0 2,009.9 2,017.4 2,027.3 2,007.2 2,036.1 2,041.5 2,045.2 3.7

Electronic markets and agents and

brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 885.5 904.7 904.5 907.9 890.0 913.0 911.8 913.2 1.4

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,009.5 15,434.1 15,264.1 15,330.7 15,264.8 15,532.7 15,565.0 15,590.9 25.9

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,826.3 1,874.0 1,884.6 1,895.7 1,840.8 1,901.5 1,907.9 1,909.0 1.1

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,163.7 1,200.8 1,205.0 1,209.9 1,170.0 1,211.6 1,213.6 1,216.0 2.4

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

Change

from:

Feb.2015 -

Mar.2015p

Retail trade - Continued

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . 444.0 462.6 459.9 456.1 450.2 459.6 464.5 462.7 -1.8

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 483.2 515.0 494.3 494.5 491.0 496.8 498.0 501.4 3.4

Building material and garden supply

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,210.5 1,185.9 1,205.5 1,244.3 1,223.8 1,250.8 1,255.4 1,257.4 2.0

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,943.8 3,011.3 2,995.4 2,991.1 2,977.6 3,025.0 3,027.0 3,027.4 0.4

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,010.3 1,031.0 1,024.9 1,021.8 1,018.1 1,028.4 1,028.9 1,029.7 0.8

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 863.4 881.3 879.7 883.9 877.2 893.2 895.7 897.4 1.7

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . 1,320.5 1,378.9 1,327.4 1,327.0 1,375.1 1,372.2 1,378.7 1,380.2 1.5

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591.9 614.2 594.9 592.8 611.3 614.5 613.6 613.8 0.2

General merchandise stores1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,043.7 3,157.3 3,077.5 3,109.7 3,093.4 3,146.7 3,150.2 3,161.1 10.9

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,312.8 1,365.7 1,307.9 1,304.9 1,350.8 1,343.7 1,342.6 1,344.2 1.6

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 791.3 802.9 804.2 797.4 813.9 822.9 819.8 822.0 2.2

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480.6 519.7 515.8 516.4 492.4 521.1 525.3 528.8 3.5

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,534.5 4,718.2 4,678.8 4,694.5 4,581.0 4,725.4 4,735.1 4,744.6 9.5

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440.2 441.2 441.2 444.8 440.8 444.2 444.9 445.6 0.7

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230.3 242.3 243.3 244.7 231.1 243.0 244.5 245.1 0.6

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.9 65.0 64.7 64.8 66.6 66.9 66.5 66.6 0.1

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,374.3 1,413.0 1,414.6 1,414.3 1,399.5 1,441.6 1,445.6 1,438.8 -6.8

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476.9 485.4 482.1 485.6 463.9 472.6 469.4 472.9 3.5

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.5 47.3 47.9 48.1 46.6 47.4 47.9 48.2 0.3

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . 24.5 23.9 24.4 24.8 30.1 31.0 31.0 30.5 -0.5

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . 613.7 629.4 631.1 640.1 617.1 632.5 635.2 643.6 8.4

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539.2 628.4 582.4 579.4 553.7 596.8 595.1 598.5 3.4

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 724.0 742.3 747.1 747.9 731.6 749.4 755.0 754.8 -0.2

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 549.7 556.9 555.7 556.3 551.3 558.0 558.1 558.0 -0.1

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,719 2,739 2,770 2,777 2,723 2,773 2,780 2,782 2

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . 723.7 718.1 717.4 717.7 726.2 721.1 720.5 720.0 -0.5

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380.1 351.5 382.0 382.0 379.4 379.9 385.4 381.1 -4.3

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281.5 286.7 287.3 289.9 282.3 288.1 288.7 290.4 1.7

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 849.4 860.6 862.1 862.8 849.4 861.2 862.0 863.4 1.4

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274.4 289.5 290.5 292.5 274.9 290.4 291.8 293.3 1.5

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209.6 232.9 230.7 231.6 211.2 232.5 231.9 233.3 1.4

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,889 8,016 8,024 8,040 7,933 8,068 8,075 8,083 8

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,894.9 5,987.1 5,989.2 5,996.2 5,905.9 5,995.7 5,999.3 6,005.8 6.5

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . 18.2 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.5 18.5 18.5 0.0

Credit intermediation and related

activities1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,562.8 2,567.0 2,563.2 2,562.0 2,569.0 2,568.5 2,567.3 2,567.6 0.3

Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . . 1,712.6 1,701.7 1,696.8 1,695.0 1,715.5 1,700.1 1,698.5 1,697.4 -1.1

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,301.2 1,285.8 1,281.6 1,278.5 1,302.6 1,283.5 1,281.4 1,279.4 -2.0

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . . 874.2 889.0 891.5 892.2 875.2 891.9 892.9 893.2 0.3

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . 2,439.7 2,512.7 2,516.1 2,523.6 2,443.3 2,516.8 2,520.6 2,526.5 5.9

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,994.2 2,028.6 2,034.5 2,043.5 2,027.4 2,072.4 2,076.0 2,077.4 1.4

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,459.4 1,479.5 1,482.9 1,488.8 1,479.6 1,504.4 1,506.5 1,508.9 2.4

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511.3 526.2 528.7 531.7 524.1 544.7 546.2 545.3 -0.9

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . 23.5 22.9 22.9 23.0 23.7 23.3 23.3 23.2 -0.1

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,685 19,124 19,230 19,344 18,879 19,459 19,501 19,541 40

Professional and technical services1

. . . . . . . . . . . 8,310.3 8,512.9 8,601.9 8,618.4 8,254.2 8,508.2 8,538.0 8,561.7 23.7

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,118.0 1,109.9 1,114.4 1,116.1 1,121.7 1,118.0 1,120.6 1,119.4 -1.2

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . 1,058.0 1,060.1 1,118.3 1,113.6 943.5 983.8 990.9 997.4 6.5

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . 1,344.1 1,391.2 1,389.4 1,395.0 1,362.9 1,407.8 1,410.5 1,414.7 4.2

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,742.1 1,818.8 1,826.2 1,821.6 1,753.2 1,822.7 1,829.5 1,833.4 3.9

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,208.2 1,266.7 1,280.5 1,283.6 1,219.5 1,283.7 1,291.6 1,295.4 3.8

Management of companies and enterprises. . . 2,146.5 2,183.8 2,183.5 2,195.6 2,154.4 2,191.1 2,196.1 2,202.7 6.6

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

Change

from:

Feb.2015 -

Mar.2015p

Professional and business services - Continued

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,228.0 8,427.1 8,445.0 8,529.5 8,470.6 8,760.1 8,766.8 8,776.1 9.3

Administrative and support services1. . . . . . . . 7,852.1 8,044.5 8,061.6 8,145.6 8,086.7 8,371.0 8,375.0 8,384.6 9.6

Employment services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,251.7 3,378.0 3,378.6 3,427.4 3,353.1 3,524.7 3,517.5 3,533.4 15.9

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,626.0 2,731.5 2,728.5 2,768.7 2,715.6 2,855.5 2,848.0 2,859.4 11.4

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 873.8 907.0 912.6 909.4 876.0 904.4 909.2 910.7 1.5

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . 1,803.9 1,798.7 1,802.2 1,829.0 1,925.9 1,960.2 1,960.7 1,951.5 -9.2

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375.9 382.6 383.4 383.9 383.9 389.1 391.8 391.5 -0.3

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,465 21,629 21,917 22,011 21,314 21,760 21,817 21,855 38

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,555.4 3,340.2 3,595.0 3,624.0 3,397.1 3,432.4 3,455.7 3,463.3 7.6

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,909.8 18,288.7 18,321.8 18,386.6 17,916.9 18,327.5 18,361.5 18,391.5 30.0

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,563.0 14,863.9 14,885.7 14,928.3 14,589.5 14,902.7 14,930.0 14,952.3 22.3

Ambulatory health care services1. . . . . . . . . 6,556.1 6,766.8 6,783.7 6,810.6 6,572.6 6,785.5 6,806.1 6,825.3 19.2

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,448.7 2,513.5 2,518.9 2,527.7 2,453.1 2,515.6 2,523.7 2,529.8 6.1

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 698.5 727.4 728.2 731.8 699.0 728.6 729.0 732.3 3.3

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,240.0 1,284.5 1,287.0 1,296.7 1,244.8 1,291.8 1,296.4 1,302.4 6.0

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,767.3 4,820.5 4,831.5 4,846.3 4,769.0 4,828.5 4,838.3 4,846.2 7.9

Nursing and residential care facilities1

. . . . 3,239.6 3,276.6 3,270.5 3,271.4 3,247.9 3,288.7 3,285.6 3,280.8 -4.8

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,644.3 1,650.3 1,645.8 1,643.7 1,648.7 1,656.9 1,654.3 1,648.3 -6.0

Social assistance1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,346.8 3,424.8 3,436.1 3,458.3 3,327.4 3,424.8 3,431.5 3,439.2 7.7

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 866.4 870.8 876.6 885.9 846.2 862.6 863.1 865.2 2.1

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,181 14,271 14,417 14,664 14,565 14,972 15,042 15,055 13

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,927.5 1,891.1 1,916.8 1,981.2 2,076.5 2,126.8 2,130.4 2,136.2 5.8

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . 421.0 405.6 419.0 443.3 437.3 454.1 454.8 461.0 6.2

Museums, historical sites, and similar

institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138.0 133.5 133.2 137.4 145.0 145.4 144.4 144.6 0.2

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . 1,368.5 1,352.0 1,364.6 1,400.5 1,494.2 1,527.3 1,531.2 1,530.6 -0.6

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . 12,253.4 12,380.0 12,500.1 12,682.9 12,488.0 12,845.4 12,911.4 12,918.3 6.9

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,819.2 1,803.4 1,816.0 1,835.5 1,885.9 1,902.5 1,902.9 1,901.1 -1.8

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 10,434.2 10,576.6 10,684.1 10,847.4 10,602.1 10,942.9 11,008.5 11,017.2 8.7

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,523 5,549 5,573 5,597 5,552 5,616 5,625 5,625 0

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,232.3 1,243.9 1,255.5 1,264.6 1,236.0 1,258.7 1,265.4 1,266.9 1.5

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,351.9 1,364.7 1,361.8 1,372.2 1,359.6 1,382.5 1,379.5 1,380.6 1.1

Membership associations and organizations. . . 2,938.6 2,940.1 2,955.7 2,960.0 2,956.4 2,974.6 2,979.7 2,977.5 -2.2

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,225 21,772 22,188 22,291 21,826 21,901 21,901 21,898 -3

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,716.0 2,716.0 2,714.0 2,718.0 2,727.0 2,728.0 2,729.0 2,727.0 -2.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,127.5 2,123.1 2,121.1 2,125.2 2,136.3 2,136.7 2,133.8 2,132.4 -1.4

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 588.2 592.6 593.2 592.8 590.2 591.4 595.2 594.7 -0.5

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,211.0 4,991.0 5,205.0 5,230.0 5,057.0 5,081.0 5,079.0 5,075.0 -4.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,565.4 2,356.8 2,571.3 2,593.7 2,405.6 2,434.5 2,434.1 2,432.4 -1.7

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 2,645.1 2,634.4 2,633.7 2,635.8 2,651.2 2,646.4 2,644.4 2,642.8 -1.6

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,298.0 14,065.0 14,269.0 14,343.0 14,042.0 14,092.0 14,093.0 14,096.0 3.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,129.0 7,902.6 8,099.5 8,149.5 7,769.0 7,797.2 7,797.0 7,796.7 -0.3

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 6,169.3 6,162.1 6,169.5 6,193.0 6,272.5 6,294.3 6,295.8 6,298.8 3.0

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3

Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 34.5 34.6 34.6 34.5

Goods-producing.................................................................... 40.6 40.5 40.7 40.5

Mining and logging................................................................ 45.7 44.6 44.6 44.5

Construction....................................................................... 39.1 39.0 39.5 39.1

Manufacturing..................................................................... 41.1 41.0 41.0 40.9

Durable goods.................................................................. 41.5 41.5 41.4 41.3

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 40.3 40.2 40.4 40.3

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.3 33.4 33.4 33.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 34.4 34.6 34.6 34.6

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.9 38.9 38.9 38.8

Retail trade...................................................................... 31.2 31.4 31.4 31.4

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.6 38.8 38.9 38.7

Utilities........................................................................... 42.4 42.3 42.5 43.4

Information......................................................................... 36.9 36.5 36.5 36.5

Financial activities................................................................ 37.3 37.4 37.5 37.6

Professional and business services............................................ 36.3 36.2 36.2 36.2

Education and health services.................................................. 32.7 32.8 32.8 32.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 26.2 26.3 26.4 26.2

Other services..................................................................... 31.8 31.8 31.8 31.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.4

Durable goods....................................................................... 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.4

Nondurable goods................................................................... 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

Total private............................................... $24.34 $24.76 $24.79 $24.86 $839.73 $856.70 $857.73 $857.67

Goods-producing....................................... 25.58 25.90 25.91 26.05 1,038.55 1,048.95 1,054.54 1,055.03

Mining and logging.................................. 30.74 30.71 30.88 31.03 1,404.82 1,369.67 1,377.25 1,380.84

Construction.......................................... 26.49 27.01 26.94 27.23 1,035.76 1,053.39 1,064.13 1,064.69

Manufacturing........................................ 24.73 24.97 25.01 25.08 1,016.40 1,023.77 1,025.41 1,025.77

Durable goods.................................... 26.13 26.29 26.35 26.39 1,084.40 1,091.04 1,090.89 1,089.91

Nondurable goods................................ 22.30 22.64 22.63 22.74 898.69 910.13 914.25 916.42

Private service-providing.............................. 24.04 24.48 24.53 24.58 800.53 817.63 819.30 820.97

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 21.32 21.62 21.66 21.65 733.41 748.05 749.44 749.09

Wholesale trade.................................. 28.00 28.31 28.34 28.35 1,089.20 1,101.26 1,102.43 1,099.98

Retail trade........................................ 16.89 17.32 17.32 17.28 526.97 543.85 543.85 542.59

Transportation and warehousing............... 22.84 22.84 22.93 22.91 881.62 886.19 891.98 886.62

Utilities............................................. 35.62 36.12 36.65 36.98 1,510.29 1,527.88 1,557.63 1,604.93

Information........................................... 33.70 34.44 34.52 34.64 1,243.53 1,257.06 1,259.98 1,264.36

Financial activities................................... 30.62 31.16 31.24 31.31 1,142.13 1,165.38 1,171.50 1,177.26

Professional and business services.............. 29.09 29.75 29.80 29.92 1,055.97 1,076.95 1,078.76 1,083.10

Education and health services..................... 24.61 25.01 25.05 25.08 804.75 820.33 821.64 822.62

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 13.74 14.16 14.24 14.23 359.99 372.41 375.94 372.83

Other services....................................... 21.77 22.24 22.27 22.28 692.29 707.23 708.19 706.28

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

Percent

change

from:

Feb.

2015 -

Mar.

2015p

Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

Percent

change

from:

Feb.

2015 -

Mar.

2015p

Total private..................................... 100.2 102.8 103.1 102.9 -0.2 116.4 121.5 121.9 122.1 0.2

Goods-producing............................. 88.2 90.2 90.7 90.2 -0.6 102.0 105.5 106.2 106.2 0.0

Mining and logging........................ 126.4 127.0 125.4 123.6 -1.4 156.0 156.6 155.5 154.0 -1.0

Construction................................ 81.7 84.9 86.4 85.5 -1.0 94.0 99.6 101.1 101.2 0.1

Manufacturing.............................. 89.7 90.9 90.9 90.6 -0.3 103.2 105.5 105.7 105.7 0.0

Durable goods........................... 89.1 91.1 90.9 90.7 -0.2 103.4 106.3 106.4 106.3 -0.1

Nondurable goods...................... 90.6 90.8 91.1 90.9 -0.2 102.5 104.3 104.7 104.9 0.2

Private service-providing.................... 103.5 106.2 106.5 106.6 0.1 120.7 126.0 126.6 127.1 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 98.0 100.5 100.7 100.8 0.1 112.4 116.9 117.4 117.5 0.1

Wholesale trade......................... 98.3 99.9 100.1 99.9 -0.2 114.9 118.1 118.4 118.2 -0.2

Retail trade.............................. 96.7 99.1 99.3 99.4 0.1 108.0 113.4 113.7 113.6 -0.1

Transportation and warehousing...... 101.2 104.9 105.4 105.1 -0.3 117.3 121.6 122.7 122.2 -0.4

Utilities.................................... 101.1 102.1 102.6 104.8 2.1 119.0 121.9 124.3 128.0 3.0

Information................................. 91.8 92.4 92.7 92.7 0.0 110.1 113.4 113.9 114.4 0.4

Financial activities......................... 96.9 98.8 99.2 99.5 0.3 115.7 120.1 120.8 121.6 0.7

Professional and business services..... 107.8 110.8 111.0 111.3 0.3 127.0 133.5 134.0 134.9 0.7

Education and health services........... 111.9 114.5 114.8 115.0 0.2 129.7 135.0 135.5 135.9 0.3

Leisure and hospitality.................... 108.9 112.4 113.3 112.5 -0.7 120.7 128.4 130.2 129.2 -0.8

Other services............................. 97.8 98.9 99.1 98.8 -0.3 120.9 124.9 125.3 124.9 -0.3

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

Total nonfarm............................................. 68,175 69,408 69,559 69,664 49.4 49.3 49.3 49.3

Total private............................................ 55,714 56,891 57,034 57,140 47.9 47.9 47.9 47.9

Goods-producing.................................... 4,178 4,270 4,267 4,269 21.9 21.9 21.8 21.8

Mining and logging............................... 116 123 122 122 13.2 13.6 13.6 13.8

Construction....................................... 768 798 797 797 12.7 12.6 12.6 12.6

Manufacturing..................................... 3,294 3,349 3,348 3,350 27.2 27.2 27.2 27.2

Durable goods.................................. 1,755 1,805 1,805 1,807 23.0 23.2 23.1 23.2

Nondurable goods............................. 1,539 1,544 1,543 1,543 34.2 34.1 34.1 34.1

Private service-providing........................... 51,536 52,621 52,767 52,871 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............. 10,619 10,807 10,842 10,873 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.6

Wholesale trade................................ 1,710.2 1,719.5 1,729.1 1,735.7 29.5 29.2 29.3 29.4

Retail trade..................................... 7,692.2 7,834.8 7,857.9 7,881.5 50.4 50.4 50.5 50.6

Transportation and warehousing............. 1,082.1 1,118.7 1,121.8 1,121.9 23.6 23.7 23.7 23.6

Utilities........................................... 134.2 134.2 133.6 134.0 24.3 24.1 23.9 24.0

Information......................................... 1,093 1,117 1,118 1,118 40.1 40.3 40.2 40.2

Financial activities................................ 4,554 4,616 4,617 4,623 57.4 57.2 57.2 57.2

Professional and business services............ 8,429 8,655 8,672 8,699 44.6 44.5 44.5 44.5

Education and health services.................. 16,368 16,726 16,780 16,821 76.8 76.9 76.9 77.0

Leisure and hospitality........................... 7,570 7,760 7,799 7,795 52.0 51.8 51.8 51.8

Other services..................................... 2,903 2,940 2,939 2,942 52.3 52.4 52.2 52.3

Government............................................. 12,461 12,517 12,525 12,524 57.1 57.2 57.2 57.2

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

Total private............................................................................... 96,056 98,040 98,266 98,359

Goods-producing....................................................................... 13,754 14,083 14,113 14,101

Mining and logging.................................................................. 648 662 657 651

Construction.......................................................................... 4,582 4,747 4,778 4,769

Manufacturing........................................................................ 8,524 8,674 8,678 8,681

Durable goods..................................................................... 5,250 5,368 5,374 5,377

Nondurable goods................................................................ 3,274 3,306 3,304 3,304

Private service-providing.............................................................. 82,302 83,957 84,153 84,258

Trade, transportation, and utilities................................................. 22,142 22,493 22,551 22,586

Wholesale trade................................................................... 4,676.1 4,745.0 4,754.4 4,749.3

Retail trade........................................................................ 13,056.5 13,208.4 13,251.8 13,287.4

Transportation and warehousing................................................ 3,963.2 4,090.3 4,095.4 4,100.8

Utilities.............................................................................. 446.2 449.5 449.3 448.8

Information............................................................................ 2,207 2,250 2,254 2,254

Financial activities................................................................... 6,115 6,226 6,231 6,238

Professional and business services............................................... 15,641 16,035 16,052 16,061

Education and health services..................................................... 18,719 19,095 19,145 19,172

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 12,850 13,182 13,240 13,264

Other services........................................................................ 4,628 4,676 4,680 4,683

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 33.7 33.7 33.8 33.7

Goods-producing.................................................................... 41.5 41.4 41.5 41.2

Mining and logging................................................................ 47.9 46.9 46.7 46.6

Construction....................................................................... 39.6 39.4 39.9 39.3

Manufacturing..................................................................... 42.0 42.1 41.9 41.8

Durable goods.................................................................. 42.4 42.4 42.2 42.1

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 41.4 41.5 41.5 41.4

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.4 32.5 32.5 32.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 33.5 33.6 33.8 33.7

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.7 38.6 38.6 38.5

Retail trade...................................................................... 29.9 30.1 30.2 30.1

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.5 38.4 38.7 38.6

Utilities........................................................................... 42.2 42.4 42.5 43.3

Information......................................................................... 35.9 36.0 36.0 36.0

Financial activities................................................................ 36.8 36.9 36.9 37.0

Professional and business services............................................ 35.5 35.6 35.6 35.5

Education and health services.................................................. 31.9 32.1 32.0 32.0

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 25.2 25.1 25.3 25.1

Other services..................................................................... 30.8 30.7 30.8 30.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.3

Durable goods....................................................................... 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.3

Nondurable goods................................................................... 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

Total private............................................... $20.50 $20.81 $20.82 $20.86 $690.85 $701.30 $703.72 $702.98

Goods-producing....................................... 21.49 21.71 21.70 21.81 891.84 898.79 900.55 898.57

Mining and logging.................................. 26.49 26.58 26.49 26.44 1,268.87 1,246.60 1,237.08 1,232.10

Construction.......................................... 24.51 24.94 24.79 25.14 970.60 982.64 989.12 988.00

Manufacturing........................................ 19.52 19.64 19.68 19.71 819.84 826.84 824.59 823.88

Durable goods.................................... 20.64 20.71 20.76 20.79 875.14 878.10 876.07 875.26

Nondurable goods................................ 17.69 17.88 17.91 17.94 732.37 742.02 743.27 742.72

Private service-providing.............................. 20.28 20.62 20.63 20.66 657.07 670.15 670.48 669.38

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 18.16 18.50 18.49 18.53 608.36 621.60 624.96 624.46

Wholesale trade.................................. 23.11 23.39 23.39 23.45 894.36 902.85 902.85 902.83

Retail trade........................................ 14.28 14.65 14.62 14.62 426.97 440.97 441.52 440.06

Transportation and warehousing............... 20.43 20.76 20.77 20.81 786.56 797.18 803.80 803.27

Utilities............................................. 32.78 33.15 33.61 34.05 1,383.32 1,405.56 1,428.43 1,474.37

Information........................................... 28.57 28.58 28.61 28.54 1,025.66 1,028.88 1,029.96 1,027.44

Financial activities................................... 24.58 25.06 25.12 25.17 904.54 924.71 926.93 931.29

Professional and business services.............. 24.20 24.43 24.45 24.53 859.10 869.71 870.42 870.82

Education and health services..................... 21.53 21.89 21.94 21.92 686.81 702.67 702.08 701.44

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 11.96 12.31 12.34 12.35 301.39 308.98 312.20 309.99

Other services....................................... 18.36 18.77 18.76 18.75 565.49 576.24 577.81 575.63

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

Percent

change

from:

Feb.

2015 -

Mar.

2015p

Mar.

2014

Jan.

2015

Feb.

2015p

Mar.

2015p

Percent

change

from:

Feb.

2015 -

Mar.

2015p

Total private..................................... 107.9 110.1 110.7 110.5 -0.2 147.8 153.1 154.0 154.0 0.0

Goods-producing............................. 87.2 89.1 89.5 88.8 -0.8 114.8 118.4 118.9 118.6 -0.3

Mining and logging........................ 164.9 165.0 163.0 161.2 -1.1 254.1 255.1 251.2 247.9 -1.3

Construction................................ 90.9 93.6 95.5 93.8 -1.8 120.2 126.1 127.8 127.4 -0.3

Manufacturing.............................. 82.2 83.8 83.5 83.3 -0.2 104.9 107.7 107.4 107.4 0.0

Durable goods........................... 83.6 85.5 85.2 85.1 -0.1 107.8 110.6 110.4 110.4 0.0

Nondurable goods...................... 79.9 80.8 80.8 80.6 -0.2 99.8 102.1 102.2 102.2 0.0

Private service-providing.................... 113.6 116.2 116.5 116.3 -0.2 158.0 164.3 164.8 164.7 -0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 103.4 105.4 106.3 106.1 -0.2 134.0 139.0 140.2 140.3 0.1

Wholesale trade......................... 106.6 107.9 108.1 107.7 -0.4 145.1 148.6 148.9 148.7 -0.1

Retail trade.............................. 98.8 100.6 101.3 101.2 -0.1 120.9 126.4 126.9 126.9 0.0

Transportation and warehousing...... 114.9 118.2 119.3 119.2 -0.1 148.9 155.7 157.2 157.3 0.1

Utilities.................................... 96.3 97.5 97.7 99.4 1.7 131.8 134.9 137.0 141.2 3.1

Information................................. 90.4 92.4 92.6 92.6 0.0 127.9 130.8 131.2 130.9 -0.2

Financial activities......................... 105.9 108.2 108.2 108.7 0.5 160.2 166.7 167.3 168.3 0.6

Professional and business services..... 124.4 127.9 128.1 127.8 -0.2 179.2 186.0 186.3 186.5 0.1

Education and health services........... 127.5 130.8 130.8 130.9 0.1 181.0 188.9 189.3 189.4 0.1

Leisure and hospitality.................... 118.6 121.2 122.7 121.9 -0.7 161.1 169.4 171.9 171.0 -0.5

Other services............................. 100.0 100.7 101.1 100.8 -0.3 133.7 137.7 138.2 137.7 -0.4

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2014 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.