Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until USDL-22-0155

8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, February 4, 2022

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — JANUARY 2022

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 467,000 in January, and the unemployment rate was little 

changed at 4.0 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment growth 

continued in leisure and hospitality, in professional and business services, in retail trade, and in 

transportation and warehousing. 

This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey measures labor 

force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The establishment survey

measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For more information about the 

concepts and statistical methodology used in these two surveys, see the Technical Note.

Changes to The Employment Situation Data

Establishment survey data have been revised as a result of the annual benchmarking process and the 

updating of seasonal adjustment factors. Also, household survey data for January 2022 reflect updated 

population estimates. See the notes beginning on page 5 for more information.

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

January 2020 – January 2022

Percent

125,000

130,000

135,000

140,000

145,000

150,000

155,000

160,000

Jan-20 Apr-20 Jul-20 Oct-20 Jan-21 Apr-21 Jul-21 Oct-21 Jan-22

Thousands

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted, 

January 2020 – January 2022

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

Jan-20 Apr-20 Jul-20 Oct-20 Jan-21 Apr-21 Jul-21 Oct-21 Jan-22
- 2 -

Household Survey Data

Both the unemployment rate, at 4.0 percent, and the number of unemployed persons, at 6.5 million, 

changed little in January. Over the year, the unemployment rate is down by 2.4 percentage points, and 

the number of unemployed persons declined by 3.7 million. In February 2020, prior to the coronavirus 

(COVID-19) pandemic, the unemployment rate was 3.5 percent, and unemployed persons numbered 5.7 

million. (See table A-1. See the note on page 6 and tables B and C for information about annual 

population adjustments to the household survey estimates.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (3.8 percent) and Whites (3.4 

percent) edged up in January. The jobless rates for adult women (3.6 percent), teenagers (10.9 percent), 

Blacks (6.9 percent), Asians (3.6 percent), and Hispanics (4.9 percent) showed little or no change over 

the month. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

Among the unemployed, the number of job leavers increased to 952,000 in January, following a 

decrease in the prior month. The number of persons on temporary layoff, at 959,000 in January, also 

increased over the month but is down by 1.8 million over the year. The number of permanent job 

losers, at 1.6 million, changed little in January but is down by 1.9 million from a year earlier. (See table 

A-11.)

In January, the number of persons jobless less than 5 weeks increased to 2.4 million and accounted for 

37.0 percent of the total unemployed. The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 

weeks or more) declined to 1.7 million. This measure is down from 4.0 million a year earlier but is 

570,000 higher than in February 2020. The long-term unemployed accounted for 25.9 percent of the 

total unemployed in January. (See table A-12.)

After accounting for the annual adjustments to the population controls, the labor force participation 

rate held at 62.2 percent in January, and the employment-population ratio was little changed at 59.7 

percent. Both measures are up over the year but remain below their February 2020 levels (63.4 percent 

and 61.2 percent, respectively). (See table A-1. For additional information about the effects of the 

population adjustments, see table C.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons, at 3.7 million, continued to trend 

down over the month. The over-the-year decline of 2.2 million brings this measure to 673,000 below its 

February 2020 level. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working 

part time because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See table A8.)

The number of persons not in the labor force who currently want a job was little changed at 5.7 

million in January. This measure decreased by 1.3 million over the year but is 708,000 higher than in 

February 2020. These individuals were not counted as unemployed because they were not actively 

looking for work during the 4 weeks preceding the survey or were unavailable to take a job. (See table

A-1.)

Among those not in the labor force who wanted a job, the number of persons marginally attached to 

the labor force, at 1.5 million, changed little in January. These individuals wanted and were available 

for work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months but had not looked for work in the 4 

weeks preceding the survey. The number of discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached 
- 3 -

who believed that no jobs were available for them, was also little changed over the month, at 408,000. 

(See Summary table A.)

Household Survey Supplemental Data

In January, the share of employed persons who teleworked because of the coronavirus pandemic 

increased to 15.4 percent. These data refer to employed persons who teleworked or worked at home for 

pay at some point in the 4 weeks preceding the survey specifically because of the pandemic.

In January, 6.0 million persons reported that they had been unable to work because their employer 

closed or lost business due to the pandemic—that is, they did not work at all or worked fewer hours at

some point in the 4 weeks preceding the survey due to the pandemic. This measure is considerably 

higher than the level of 3.1 million in December. Among those who reported in January that they were 

unable to work because of pandemic-related closures or lost business, 23.7 percent received at least 

some pay from their employer for the hours not worked, up from the prior month. 

Among those not in the labor force in January, 1.8 million persons were prevented from looking for 

work due to the pandemic, up from 1.1 million in the prior month. (To be counted as unemployed, by

definition, individuals must be either actively looking for work or on temporary layoff.)

These supplemental data come from questions added to the household survey beginning in May 2020 to 

help gauge the effects of the pandemic on the labor market. The data are not seasonally adjusted. Tables 

with estimates from the supplemental questions for all months are available online at 

www.bls.gov/cps/effects-of-the-coronavirus-covid-19-pandemic.htm.

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 467,000 in January, compared with an average 

monthly gain of 555,000 in 2021. Nonfarm employment has increased by 19.1 million since April 2020 

but is down by 2.9 million, or 1.9 percent, from its pre-pandemic level in February 2020. In January, 

employment growth continued in leisure and hospitality, in professional and business services, in retail 

trade, and in transportation and warehousing. (See table B-1. See the note on page 5 and table A for 

information about the annual benchmark process.)

Employment in leisure and hospitality expanded by 151,000 in January, reflecting job gains in food 

services and drinking places (+108,000) and in the accommodation industry (+23,000). Since February 

2020, employment in leisure and hospitality is down by 1.8 million, or 10.3 percent. 

In January, professional and business services added 86,000 jobs. Job gains occurred in management 

and technical consulting services (+16,000), computer systems design and related services (+15,000), 

architectural and engineering services (+8,000), and other professional and technical services (+7,000). 

Employment in temporary help services continued to trend up (+26,000). Employment in professional 

and business services is 511,000 higher than in February 2020, largely in temporary help services 

(+185,000), computer systems design and related services (+161,000), and management and technical 

consulting services (+151,000).

Retail trade employment rose by 61,000 in January. Job growth occurred in general merchandise stores 

(+29,000); health and personal care stores (+11,000); sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores 
- 4 -

(+7,000); and building material and garden supply stores (+6,000). Retail trade employment is 61,000 

above its level in February 2020.

Employment in transportation and warehousing increased by 54,000 in January and is 542,000 higher 

than in February 2020. In January, job gains occurred in couriers and messengers (+21,000), 

warehousing and storage (+13,000), truck transportation (+8,000), and air transportation (+7,000). All 

four of these component industries have surpassed their February 2020 employment levels, with 

particularly strong growth in warehousing and storage (+410,000) and couriers and messengers 

(+236,000). 

Employment in local government education rose by 29,000 in January but is down by 359,000, or 4.4 

percent, since February 2020.

Employment in health care continued to trend up (+18,000) over the month but is down by 378,000, or 

2.3 percent, from its level in February 2020. 

Wholesale trade added 16,000 jobs in January, with gains in both durable goods (+11,000) and 

nondurable goods (+8,000). Employment in wholesale trade is 125,000, or 2.1 percent, lower than in 

February 2020.

Employment showed little change over the month in mining, construction, manufacturing, 

information, financial activities, and other services. 

In January, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 23 

cents to $31.63. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by 5.7 percent. In 

January, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees rose by 

17 cents to $26.92. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls fell by 0.2 hour to 34.5 hours in 

January. In manufacturing, the average workweek edged down by 0.1 hour to 40.2 hours, and overtime 

edged up by 0.1 hour to 3.3 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory 

employees on private nonfarm payrolls decreased by 0.2 hour to 33.9 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

In accordance with usual practice, the seasonal adjustment models are updated as part of the annual 

benchmark process. As a result of the updates, there were some large revisions to seasonally adjusted 

data that mostly offset each other. (See the note on page 5 and table A for information about the 

revisions, the annual benchmark process, and the seasonal adjustment model updates.)

_____________

The Employment Situation for February is scheduled to be released on Friday, March 4, 2022, at 

8:30 a.m. (ET).
- 5 -

Revisions to Establishment Survey Data

In accordance with annual practice, the establishment survey data released today have been 

benchmarked to reflect comprehensive counts of payroll jobs for March 2021. These counts are derived 

principally from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), which counts jobs covered 

by the Unemployment Insurance (UI) tax system. The benchmark process results in revisions to not 

seasonally adjusted data from April 2020 forward. Seasonally adjusted data from January 2017 forward 

are subject to revision. In addition, data for some series prior to 2017, both seasonally adjusted and 

unadjusted, incorporate other revisions.

The total nonfarm employment level for March 2021 was revised upward by 374,000. On a not 

seasonally adjusted basis, total nonfarm employment for March 2021 was revised downward by 7,000, 

or less than -0.05 percent. Not seasonally adjusted, the absolute average benchmark revision over the

past 10 years is 0.1 percent.

As part of the benchmark process, the seasonal adjustment models are also updated. These models 

remove normal seasonal fluctuations—such as regular employment changes due to major holidays—

from the data series, making it easier to observe cyclical and other economic trends. Now that there are

more monthly observations related to the historically large job losses and gains seen in the pandemicdriven recession and recovery, the models can better distinguish normal seasonal movements from 

underlying trends. As a result, some large revisions to seasonally adjusted data occurred with the

updated models; however, these monthly changes mostly offset each other. For example, the over-themonth employment change for November and December 2021 combined is 709,000 higher than 

previously reported, while the over-the-month employment change for June and July 2021 combined is 

807,000 lower. Overall, the 2021 over-the-year change is 217,000 higher than previously reported.

Going forward, the updated models should produce more reliable estimates of seasonal movements.

Table A presents revised total nonfarm employment data on a seasonally adjusted basis from January to 

December 2021.

All revised historical establishment survey data are available on the BLS website at 

www.bls.gov/ces/data/home.htm. In addition, an article that discusses the benchmark and postbenchmark revisions and other technical issues is available at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm . 
- 6 -

Adjustments to Population Estimates for the Household Survey

Effective with data for January 2022, updated population estimates were incorporated into the household 

survey. Population estimates for the household survey are developed by the U.S. Census Bureau. Each 

year, the Census Bureau updates the estimates to reflect new information and assumptions about the 

growth of the population since the previous decennial census. The change in population reflected in the 

new estimates results from the introduction of a blended 2020 population base, which combines 

population totals from the 2020 Census and demographic characteristics from other sources. It also 

reflects adjustments for net international migration, updated vital statistics, and estimation methodology 

improvements. The vast majority of the population change, however, is due to the change in the base 

population from Census 2010 to the blended Census 2020 base.

In accordance with usual practice, BLS will not revise the official household survey estimates for 

December 2021 and earlier months. To show the impact of the population adjustments, however, 

differences in selected December 2021 labor force series based on the old and new population estimates 

are shown in table B.

The adjustments increased the estimated size of the civilian noninstitutional population in December by 

973,000, the civilian labor force by 1,530,000, employment by 1,471,000, and unemployment by 

59,000. The number of persons not in the labor force decreased by 557,000. Although the total 

Table A. Revisions to total nonfarm employment, January to December 2021, seasonally adjusted 

(Numbers in thousands)

As revised

As 

previously 

published

Difference As revised

As 

previously 

published

Difference

2021

January......................... 143,017 142,736 281 520 233 287

February........................ 143,727 143,272 455 710 536 174

March............................ 144,431 144,057 374 704 785 -81

April............................ 144,694 144,326 368 263 269 -6

May.............................. 145,141 144,940 201 447 614 -167

June................................ 145,698 145,902 -204 557 962 -405

July................................ 146,387 146,993 -606 689 1,091 -402

August........................... 146,904 147,476 -572 517 483 34

September..................... 147,328 147,855 -527 424 379 45

October.......................... 148,005 148,503 -498 677 648 29

November...................... 148,652 148,752 -100 647 249 398

December (p).................. 149,162 148,951 211 510 199 311

(p) = preliminary.

Year and month

Level Over-the-month change
- 7 -

unemployment rate was unaffected, the employment-population ratio and labor force participation rate 

were each increased by 0.3 percentage point. This was mostly due to an increase in the size of the 

population in age groups that participate in the labor force at high rates (those ages 35 to 64) and a large 

decrease in the size of the population age 65 and older, which participates at a low rate.

Data users are cautioned that these annual population adjustments can affect the comparability of 

household data series over time. Table C shows the effect of the introduction of new population 

estimates on the comparison of selected labor force measures between December 2021 and January 

2022. Additional information on the population adjustments and their effect on national labor force 

estimates is available at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cps-pop-control-adjustments.pdf. 

Table B. Effect of the updated population controls on December 2021 estimates by sex, race, and Hispanic

or Latino ethnicity, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Category Total Men Women White

Black or 

African 

American

Asian

Hispanic or 

Latino 

ethnicity

Civilian noninstitutional population........ 973 1,359 -386 538 205 168 362

 Civilian labor force........................... 1,530 1,239 291 1,180 173 140 287

 Participation rate......................... 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1

 Employed...................................... 1,471 1,198 273 1,142 162 135 273

 Employment-population ratio........ 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1

 Unemployed.................................. 59 42 18 39 11 5 14

 Unemployment rate..................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

 Not in labor force............................. -557 120 -677 -643 32 28 75

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or

African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose

ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.

Table C. December 2021-January 2022 changes in selected labor force measures, with adjustments for 

population control effects

(Numbers in thousands)

Category Dec.-Jan. change, 

as published

2022 population 

control effect

Dec.-Jan. change, after 

removing the population 

control effect 1

Civilian noninstitutional population........ 1,066 973 93

 Civilian labor force........................... 1,393 1,530 -137

 Participation rate......................... 0.3 0.3 0.0

 Employed...................................... 1,199 1,471 -272

 Employment-population ratio........ 0.2 0.3 -0.1

 Unemployed.................................. 194 59 135

 Unemployment rate..................... 0.1 0.0 0.1

 Not in labor force............................. -326 -557 231

1 This Dec.-Jan. change is calculated by subtracting the population control effect from the over-the-month 

change in the published seasonally adjusted estimates.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Change from:

Dec. 2021-

Jan. 2022

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population........................................... 260,851 262,029 262,136 263,202 –

Civilian labor force........................................................... 160,184 162,126 162,294 163,687 –

Participation rate.......................................................... 61.4 61.9 61.9 62.2 –

Employed................................................................... 150,004 155,324 155,975 157,174 –

Employment-population ratio.......................................... 57.5 59.3 59.5 59.7 –

Unemployed............................................................... 10,180 6,802 6,319 6,513 –

Unemployment rate.................................................... 6.4 4.2 3.9 4.0 –

Not in labor force............................................................ 100,667 99,902 99,842 99,516 –

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over...................................................... 6.4 4.2 3.9 4.0 –

Adult men (20 years and over)............................................ 6.1 3.9 3.6 3.8 –

Adult women (20 years and over)......................................... 6.0 3.9 3.6 3.6 –

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................ 14.6 10.9 10.9 10.9 –

White.......................................................................... 5.7 3.7 3.2 3.4 –

Black or African American.................................................. 9.2 6.5 7.1 6.9 –

Asian.......................................................................... 6.6 3.9 3.8 3.6 –

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................. 8.6 5.2 4.9 4.9 –

Total, 25 years and over...................................................... 5.7 3.6 3.3 3.4 –

Less than a high school diploma.......................................... 9.0 5.5 5.2 6.3 –

High school graduates, no college........................................ 7.1 5.2 4.6 4.6 –

Some college or associate degree........................................ 6.2 3.7 3.6 3.6 –

Bachelor’s degree and higher.............................................. 4.0 2.2 2.1 2.3 –

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs.................. 6,963 3,369 3,095 3,220 –

Job leavers...................................................................... 653 837 724 952 –

Reentrants....................................................................... 1,998 2,154 2,038 1,959 –

New entrants.................................................................... 545 452 513 433 –

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks............................................................. 2,307 1,985 1,977 2,417 –

5 to 14 weeks................................................................... 2,454 1,703 1,571 1,607 –

15 to 26 weeks................................................................. 1,336 870 780 816 –

27 weeks and over............................................................. 4,046 2,193 2,008 1,691 –

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons.............................................. 5,940 4,266 3,929 3,717 –

Slack work or business conditions........................................ 4,757 2,903 2,594 2,430 –

Could only find part-time work............................................. 996 1,059 1,082 969 –

Part time for noneconomic reasons.......................................... 18,424 20,440 20,315 20,198 –

Persons not in the labor force

Marginally attached to the labor force....................................... 1,908 1,610 1,639 1,526 –

Discouraged workers........................................................ 617 451 463 408 –

- December - January changes in household data are not shown due to the introduction of updated population controls.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will

not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520 647 510 467

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423 627 503 444

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -11 99 62 4

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -8 4 4 -4

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 47 26 -5

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -6 48 32 13

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -8 19 25 8

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 -15.0 0.7 -4.9

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 29 7 5

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434 528 441 440

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.5 14.9 20.4 16.4

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.4 19.9 40.1 61.4

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.0 37.2 25.3 54.2

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 -0.8 -0.8 0.1

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 18 12 18

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 32 17 9

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 111 88 86

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.9 11.3 28.5 26.3

Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 69 50 29

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -62.5 36.3 31.5 16.4

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 191 163 151

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 36 26 15

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 20 7 23

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 583 611 541

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 577 608 525

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.7 49.8 49.7 49.7

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.2 48.4 48.3 48.3

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.4 81.5 81.5 81.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.0 34.8 34.7 34.5

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $29.93 $31.23 $31.40 $31.63

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,047.55 $1,086.80 $1,089.58 $1,091.24

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.5 110.5 110.7 110.4

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 0.5 0.2 -0.3

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152.4 165.1 166.1 167.0

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 0.9 0.6 0.5

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private (256 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.6 74.8 72.7 60.7

Manufacturing (74 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.7 73.0 64.9 58.1

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the

service-providing industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate

hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal

balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of

employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series

has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household

survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about

100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically

significant change in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a

more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers

whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private

household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also

provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences

between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore,

it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does

not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which

identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the

foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The

Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates.

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit

www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cestn.htm#section7.

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax

records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more

information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments

with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the

reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and

industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal.
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net 

employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an 

econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based 

on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census 

of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this 

purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There 

is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and 

availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year.

6.Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment 

insurance benefits?

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons 

who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the 

unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There 

is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently 

looking for work?

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, 

including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged 

workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include 

discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each 

month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these 

alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the 

month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than 

on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including 

pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates 

typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some 

employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, 

while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll 

employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates, 

employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees 

who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll 

employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit 

www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th 

of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as 

employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the 

number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure 

of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 

Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page, 

please visit data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln. 
Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household 

survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES; 

establishment survey). The household survey provides 

information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked 

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 

eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for 

the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm 

payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of 

nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the 

CES program surveys about 131,000 businesses and 

government agencies, representing approximately 670,000 

individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry 

data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on 

nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately 

one-third of all nonfarm payroll jobs. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that contains 

the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the 

reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which 

may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force.

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific active efforts to find employment 

sometime during the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting 

recall need not be looking for work to be counted as 

unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the 

household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for 

or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as 

employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The 

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent 

of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the 

labor force as a percent of the population, and

the employment-population ratio is the employed as a 

percent of the population. Additional information

about the household survey can be found at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who worked or received pay for any part of the 

reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. 

Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and 

earnings data are produced for the private sector for all 

employees and for production and nonsupervisory 

employees. Production and nonsupervisory employees are 

defined as production and related employees in 

manufacturing and mining and logging, construction 

workers in construction, and non-supervisory employees in 

private service-providing industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an 

establishment's principal activity in accordance with the 

2017 version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous 

conceptual and methodological differences between the 

household and establishment surveys result in important 

distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the 

surveys. Among these are:

• The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, self-employed workers whose businesses 

are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and 

private household workers among the employed. 

These groups are excluded from the establishment 

survey.

• The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not.

• The household survey is limited to workers 16 years 

of age and older. The establishment survey is not 

limited by age.

• The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance.
Seasonal adjustment

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and 

the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large.

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal 

developments, such as declines in employment or increases 

in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to 

spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number 

of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to 

obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to 

May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic 

activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment 

survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 

20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with 

the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying 

employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal 

employment changes at the end and beginning of the school 

year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make 

underlying employment patterns more discernable. The 

seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with 

which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic 

activity.

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such 

as total payroll employment, employment in most major 

sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed 

by aggregating independently adjusted component series. 

For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the 

adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this 

differs from the unemployment estimate that would be 

obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the 

duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and 

duration are derived from the sum of the independently 

seasonally adjusted component series, and will not 

necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally 

adjusted total unemployment level. Additional information 

about seasonal adjustment in the household survey can be 

found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.

When a sample, rather than the entire population, is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. The 

component of this difference that occurs because samples 

differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its 

variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. 

There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value 

because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment 

survey is on the order of plus or minus 120,000. Suppose the 

estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from 

one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on 

the monthly change would range from -70,000 to +170,000 

(50,000 +/- 120,000). These figures do not mean that the 

sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that 

there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range 

includes values of less than zero, we could not say with 

confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased 

that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment 

rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent 

confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, 

it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm 

employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an 

unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent 

confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment 

as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000, 

and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is 

about +/- 0.2 percentage point.

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such 

as for quarterly and annual averages.

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all respondents 

in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to 

provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made 

by respondents, and errors made in the collection or 

processing of the data.

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for 

the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; 

for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the 

tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly 

estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, 

that the estimate is considered final.

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 
basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 

account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from sample-based 

estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains 

from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample 

units going out of business, but imputing to them the same 

employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This 

procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death 

employment.

The second component is an ARIMA time series model 

designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment

not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time 

series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived 

from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level 

database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and 

deaths over the past 5 years.

The sample-based estimates from the establishment

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy 

for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate 

changes in the classification of industries. Over the past 

decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm 

employment have averaged 0.1 percent, with a range from

-0.3 percent to 0.3 percent.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Jan.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260,851 262,136 263,202 260,851 261,766 261,908 262,029 262,136 263,202

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159,234 161,696 162,825 160,184 161,471 161,610 162,126 162,294 163,687

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.0 61.7 61.9 61.4 61.7 61.7 61.9 61.9 62.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148,383 155,732 155,618 150,004 153,806 154,234 155,324 155,975 157,174

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.9 59.4 59.1 57.5 58.8 58.9 59.3 59.5 59.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,851 5,964 7,207 10,180 7,666 7,375 6,802 6,319 6,513

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 3.7 4.4 6.4 4.7 4.6 4.2 3.9 4.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,618 100,440 100,378 100,667 100,294 100,298 99,902 99,842 99,516

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,129 5,524 5,872 6,956 5,918 5,935 5,819 5,713 5,704

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,192 126,832 128,236 126,192 126,648 126,719 126,779 126,832 128,236

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,537 85,339 86,488 85,195 85,801 85,735 86,017 85,857 87,074

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.0 67.3 67.4 67.5 67.7 67.7 67.8 67.7 67.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,535 82,024 82,376 79,728 81,533 81,835 82,432 82,508 83,518

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.2 64.7 64.2 63.2 64.4 64.6 65.0 65.1 65.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,003 3,314 4,112 5,468 4,268 3,900 3,585 3,349 3,556

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 3.9 4.8 6.4 5.0 4.5 4.2 3.9 4.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,655 41,493 41,748 40,996 40,846 40,983 40,762 40,975 41,162

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,864 118,520 119,612 117,864 118,337 118,406 118,466 118,520 119,612

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,801 82,547 83,649 82,191 82,851 82,703 83,007 82,902 83,967

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.4 69.6 69.9 69.7 70.0 69.8 70.1 69.9 70.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,239 79,525 79,879 77,185 78,952 79,164 79,736 79,892 80,767

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.7 67.1 66.8 65.5 66.7 66.9 67.3 67.4 67.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,562 3,022 3,770 5,006 3,899 3,539 3,272 3,010 3,199

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 3.7 4.5 6.1 4.7 4.3 3.9 3.6 3.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,063 35,973 35,962 35,673 35,486 35,703 35,459 35,618 35,645

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134,660 135,304 134,966 134,660 135,118 135,189 135,250 135,304 134,966

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,696 76,357 76,337 74,989 75,670 75,874 76,109 76,437 76,612

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.5 56.4 56.6 55.7 56.0 56.1 56.3 56.5 56.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,848 73,708 73,242 70,276 72,273 72,399 72,892 73,467 73,656

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.9 54.5 54.3 52.2 53.5 53.6 53.9 54.3 54.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,848 2,649 3,095 4,712 3,398 3,475 3,217 2,970 2,957

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 3.5 4.1 6.3 4.5 4.6 4.2 3.9 3.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,963 58,947 58,629 59,671 59,448 59,315 59,141 58,867 58,354

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,507 127,167 126,570 126,507 126,982 127,051 127,112 127,167 126,570

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,975 73,546 73,404 72,087 72,644 72,929 73,134 73,455 73,494

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.9 57.8 58.0 57.0 57.2 57.4 57.5 57.8 58.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,538 71,140 70,637 67,776 69,555 69,790 70,257 70,795 70,857

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.4 55.9 55.8 53.6 54.8 54.9 55.3 55.7 56.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,437 2,406 2,767 4,311 3,089 3,139 2,876 2,660 2,637

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 3.3 3.8 6.0 4.3 4.3 3.9 3.6 3.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,532 53,621 53,167 54,419 54,337 54,122 53,978 53,712 53,076

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,481 16,449 17,020 16,481 16,447 16,451 16,450 16,449 17,020

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,458 5,602 5,772 5,906 5,976 5,978 5,985 5,936 6,226

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.1 34.1 33.9 35.8 36.3 36.3 36.4 36.1 36.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,606 5,068 5,102 5,043 5,298 5,281 5,331 5,287 5,550

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.9 30.8 30.0 30.6 32.2 32.1 32.4 32.1 32.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 852 535 670 863 678 697 654 649 676

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.6 9.5 11.6 14.6 11.3 11.7 10.9 10.9 10.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,023 10,847 11,248 10,575 10,471 10,473 10,465 10,512 10,795

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Jan.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201,588 202,250 202,819 201,588 202,057 202,138 202,199 202,250 202,819

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,054 124,427 125,148 123,725 124,204 124,279 124,677 124,780 125,782

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.0 61.5 61.7 61.4 61.5 61.5 61.7 61.7 62.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,454 120,536 120,320 116,663 119,009 119,376 120,084 120,749 121,497

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.3 59.6 59.3 57.9 58.9 59.1 59.4 59.7 59.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,601 3,891 4,828 7,062 5,194 4,903 4,593 4,032 4,285

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 3.1 3.9 5.7 4.2 3.9 3.7 3.2 3.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,534 77,823 77,671 77,863 77,853 77,859 77,521 77,469 77,038

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,287 64,784 65,514 64,558 64,957 64,693 64,973 65,000 65,736

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.5 69.8 70.0 69.8 70.1 69.8 70.0 70.0 70.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,252 62,745 62,913 60,987 62,257 62,374 62,835 63,047 63,612

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.2 67.6 67.2 66.0 67.2 67.3 67.7 67.9 68.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,035 2,039 2,601 3,570 2,699 2,320 2,138 1,953 2,124

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 3.1 4.0 5.5 4.2 3.6 3.3 3.0 3.2

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,489 55,289 55,127 54,520 54,574 54,901 55,069 55,177 55,169

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.1 56.8 57.0 56.2 56.1 56.4 56.6 56.7 57.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,581 53,765 53,334 51,705 52,574 52,800 53,030 53,493 53,449

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.2 55.2 55.1 53.3 54.0 54.2 54.5 54.9 55.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,908 1,524 1,794 2,815 2,000 2,101 2,039 1,684 1,720

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 2.8 3.3 5.2 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.1 3.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,278 4,354 4,506 4,647 4,673 4,684 4,635 4,603 4,877

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.4 36.1 36.1 38.4 38.7 38.8 38.4 38.2 39.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,620 4,025 4,073 3,970 4,178 4,202 4,219 4,209 4,435

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.9 33.4 32.7 32.8 34.6 34.8 35.0 34.9 35.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 657 329 433 677 495 482 415 395 442

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.4 7.5 9.6 14.6 10.6 10.3 9.0 8.6 9.1

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,493 33,749 33,978 33,493 33,673 33,699 33,725 33,749 33,978

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,087 20,364 20,914 20,198 20,626 20,565 20,477 20,506 21,056

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.0 60.3 61.6 60.3 61.3 61.0 60.7 60.8 62.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,124 19,045 19,392 18,335 19,017 18,962 19,143 19,057 19,597

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.1 56.4 57.1 54.7 56.5 56.3 56.8 56.5 57.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,963 1,319 1,522 1,863 1,608 1,603 1,335 1,449 1,459

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.8 6.5 7.3 9.2 7.8 7.8 6.5 7.1 6.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,406 13,385 13,063 13,295 13,047 13,135 13,248 13,243 12,922

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,281 9,320 9,669 9,345 9,389 9,479 9,466 9,378 9,741

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.6 65.3 67.0 66.1 65.9 66.5 66.4 65.7 67.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,346 8,697 8,934 8,465 8,644 8,699 8,787 8,723 9,051

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.0 60.9 61.9 59.8 60.7 61.0 61.6 61.1 62.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 935 623 735 880 745 780 679 655 690

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1 6.7 7.6 9.4 7.9 8.2 7.2 7.0 7.1

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,152 10,391 10,560 10,139 10,450 10,383 10,301 10,445 10,568

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.9 60.8 61.9 59.8 61.3 60.9 60.3 61.1 61.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,236 9,814 9,921 9,278 9,702 9,673 9,802 9,794 9,954

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.5 57.4 58.1 54.7 56.9 56.7 57.4 57.3 58.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 915 577 639 861 748 710 500 651 614

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0 5.6 6.1 8.5 7.2 6.8 4.9 6.2 5.8

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654 653 686 714 787 703 711 683 747

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.3 27.4 27.7 29.8 33.0 29.5 29.8 28.6 30.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 542 535 538 592 671 590 554 540 592

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.6 22.4 21.8 24.7 28.1 24.7 23.2 22.6 24.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 118 148 122 115 113 157 143 155

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.2 18.1 21.6 17.1 14.6 16.0 22.0 21.0 20.7

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Jan.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,423 16,612 16,903 16,423 16,540 16,485 16,513 16,612 16,903

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,231 10,727 10,806 10,305 10,652 10,767 10,781 10,739 10,880

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.3 64.6 63.9 62.7 64.4 65.3 65.3 64.6 64.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,533 10,344 10,403 9,629 10,207 10,310 10,362 10,326 10,492

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.0 62.3 61.5 58.6 61.7 62.5 62.8 62.2 62.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 698 383 403 676 445 457 419 413 388

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 3.6 3.7 6.6 4.2 4.2 3.9 3.8 3.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,192 5,885 6,097 6,118 5,889 5,718 5,731 5,873 6,022

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are

introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Jan.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population................ 44,521 45,303 45,740 44,521 45,083 45,159 45,232 45,303 45,740

Civilian labor force................................ 28,831 29,800 30,274 28,926 29,566 29,663 29,979 29,883 30,390

Participation rate............................... 64.8 65.8 66.2 65.0 65.6 65.7 66.3 66.0 66.4

Employed....................................... 26,120 28,443 28,595 26,452 27,758 27,962 28,432 28,427 28,893

Employment-population ratio............... 58.7 62.8 62.5 59.4 61.6 61.9 62.9 62.7 63.2

Unemployed.................................... 2,710 1,357 1,679 2,473 1,808 1,701 1,547 1,456 1,497

Unemployment rate......................... 9.4 4.6 5.5 8.6 6.1 5.7 5.2 4.9 4.9

Not in labor force................................. 15,690 15,503 15,466 15,595 15,518 15,496 15,253 15,420 15,350

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 15,765 16,167 16,538 15,778 16,326 16,213 16,422 16,266 16,586

Participation rate............................... 78.4 79.0 79.8 78.5 80.1 79.4 80.3 79.4 80.0

Employed....................................... 14,363 15,518 15,676 14,575 15,408 15,410 15,681 15,580 15,867

Employment-population ratio............... 71.4 75.8 75.6 72.5 75.6 75.5 76.7 76.1 76.6

Unemployed.................................... 1,402 649 862 1,204 918 803 741 687 719

Unemployment rate......................... 8.9 4.0 5.2 7.6 5.6 5.0 4.5 4.2 4.3

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 11,782 12,340 12,367 11,803 11,932 12,054 12,170 12,288 12,383

Participation rate............................... 57.8 59.5 59.5 57.9 57.8 58.3 58.7 59.2 59.6

Employed....................................... 10,702 11,763 11,717 10,767 11,272 11,374 11,531 11,682 11,775

Employment-population ratio............... 52.5 56.7 56.4 52.8 54.6 55.0 55.7 56.3 56.6

Unemployed.................................... 1,079 577 651 1,036 661 680 639 606 608

Unemployment rate......................... 9.2 4.7 5.3 8.8 5.5 5.6 5.3 4.9 4.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................ 1,284 1,293 1,369 1,345 1,307 1,396 1,387 1,328 1,421

Participation rate............................... 31.9 31.7 32.4 33.4 32.2 34.3 34.1 32.6 33.6

Employed....................................... 1,055 1,162 1,203 1,111 1,078 1,178 1,220 1,165 1,251

Employment-population ratio............... 26.2 28.5 28.5 27.6 26.5 29.0 30.0 28.6 29.6

Unemployed.................................... 229 131 166 233 229 218 167 163 170

Unemployment rate......................... 17.8 10.1 12.1 17.3 17.5 15.6 12.1 12.2 12.0

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................. 9,296 8,786 8,762 9,216 9,128 9,025 8,791 8,712 8,687

Participation rate.................................. 45.5 45.2 44.9 45.1 45.3 46.4 45.1 44.8 44.5

Employed.......................................... 8,297 8,271 8,044 8,386 8,428 8,368 8,304 8,255 8,142

Employment-population ratio................. 40.6 42.5 41.2 41.0 41.8 43.1 42.6 42.5 41.7

Unemployed....................................... 999 515 719 831 700 657 487 457 545

Unemployment rate............................ 10.7 5.9 8.2 9.0 7.7 7.3 5.5 5.2 6.3

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................. 34,169 35,778 36,764 34,356 34,994 35,282 35,444 35,828 37,064

Participation rate.................................. 54.7 55.6 56.7 55.0 55.3 55.0 55.7 55.7 57.2

Employed.......................................... 31,482 34,154 34,877 31,927 32,991 33,395 33,615 34,188 35,361

Employment-population ratio................. 50.4 53.1 53.8 51.1 52.1 52.1 52.9 53.1 54.6

Unemployed....................................... 2,687 1,624 1,887 2,429 2,004 1,888 1,829 1,640 1,703

Unemployment rate............................ 7.9 4.5 5.1 7.1 5.7 5.4 5.2 4.6 4.6

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................. 35,431 35,525 35,182 35,508 35,794 35,394 35,417 35,477 35,320

Participation rate.................................. 62.3 62.8 62.9 62.4 63.0 62.8 62.6 62.7 63.1

Employed.......................................... 33,142 34,335 33,871 33,310 34,196 33,863 34,105 34,204 34,059

Employment-population ratio................. 58.2 60.7 60.5 58.5 60.2 60.1 60.2 60.4 60.9

Unemployed....................................... 2,289 1,190 1,311 2,198 1,598 1,531 1,312 1,274 1,261

Unemployment rate............................ 6.5 3.3 3.7 6.2 4.5 4.3 3.7 3.6 3.6

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................. 60,473 61,300 61,803 60,410 60,772 60,951 61,317 61,134 61,699

Participation rate.................................. 72.3 72.5 72.7 72.2 72.1 71.9 72.0 72.3 72.6

Employed.......................................... 58,001 60,147 60,349 57,978 59,258 59,477 59,937 59,860 60,294

Employment-population ratio................. 69.3 71.1 71.0 69.3 70.3 70.1 70.4 70.8 70.9

Unemployed....................................... 2,472 1,153 1,454 2,432 1,514 1,473 1,380 1,274 1,404

Unemployment rate............................ 4.1 1.9 2.4 4.0 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.3

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2

Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the

independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

Jan.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Jan.

2022

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,975 18,495 16,968 16,474 2,007 2,021

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,115 8,872 7,968 7,669 1,147 1,204

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.0 48.0 47.0 46.6 57.2 59.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,616 8,535 7,506 7,371 1,109 1,164

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.4 46.1 44.2 44.7 55.3 57.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 338 461 298 38 40

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 3.8 5.8 3.9 3.3 3.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,860 9,623 9,000 8,805 860 817

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,636 4,757 3,808 3,879 828 878

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,590 3,787 3,023 3,166 567 620

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.4 79.6 79.4 81.6 68.5 70.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,362 3,591 2,817 2,994 545 596

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.5 75.5 74.0 77.2 65.9 67.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 196 206 172 22 24

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 5.2 6.8 5.4 3.8 3.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,046 971 785 713 261 258

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,274 3,311 2,779 2,834 495 477

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,499 2,417 2,164 2,071 335 346

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.3 73.0 77.9 73.1 67.6 72.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,410 2,389 2,081 2,043 329 346

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.6 72.2 74.9 72.1 66.4 72.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 28 83 28 6 1

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 1.2 3.8 1.3 1.8 0.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 775 893 615 763 160 131

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,869 6,368 6,604 6,115 265 253

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,185 993 1,166 955 19 38

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.3 15.6 17.7 15.6 7.3 15.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,128 943 1,108 911 19 32

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.4 14.8 16.8 14.9 7.3 12.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 50 58 44 0 6

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 5.0 5.0 4.6 – –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,684 5,375 5,438 5,160 246 215

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,196 4,059 3,777 3,646 419 413

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,841 1,675 1,615 1,477 226 199

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.9 41.3 42.8 40.5 53.9 48.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,716 1,612 1,500 1,423 215 189

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.9 39.7 39.7 39.0 51.4 45.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 64 115 54 11 10

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 3.8 7.1 3.7 4.7 4.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,355 2,384 2,162 2,169 193 214

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233,094 235,614 104,699 107,121 128,395 128,493

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148,213 151,745 75,652 77,789 72,562 73,956

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.6 64.4 72.3 72.6 56.5 57.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138,151 145,118 70,229 74,107 67,922 71,012

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.3 61.6 67.1 69.2 52.9 55.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,062 6,627 5,423 3,682 4,639 2,945

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 4.4 7.2 4.7 6.4 4.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,881 83,869 29,048 29,332 55,834 54,537

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the

U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August

1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service

periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the

selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not

shown where base is less than 75,000).
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Jan.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Jan.

2022

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population...................................................... 29,851 31,600 231,001 231,603

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 5,846 7,213 153,387 155,612

Participation rate..................................................................... 19.6 22.8 66.4 67.2

Employed............................................................................. 5,144 6,553 143,239 149,065

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 17.2 20.7 62.0 64.4

Unemployed.......................................................................... 702 660 10,149 6,547

Unemployment rate............................................................... 12.0 9.1 6.6 4.2

Not in labor force....................................................................... 24,005 24,386 77,613 75,991

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,595 3,160 76,189 77,363

Participation rate..................................................................... 34.3 39.4 81.3 81.6

Employed............................................................................. 2,237 2,799 70,857 73,847

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 29.5 34.9 75.6 77.9

Unemployed.......................................................................... 358 361 5,332 3,517

Unemployment rate............................................................... 13.8 11.4 7.0 4.5

Not in labor force....................................................................... 4,979 4,869 17,501 17,444

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,302 2,865 67,741 68,788

Participation rate..................................................................... 31.4 35.6 69.9 71.3

Employed............................................................................. 2,042 2,640 63,405 66,059

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 27.8 32.8 65.5 68.4

Unemployed.......................................................................... 260 226 4,336 2,729

Unemployment rate............................................................... 11.3 7.9 6.4 4.0

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,034 5,185 29,111 27,723

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 949 1,188 9,457 9,461

Participation rate..................................................................... 6.4 7.7 23.4 23.5

Employed............................................................................. 865 1,114 8,977 9,160

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 5.8 7.2 22.2 22.7

Unemployed.......................................................................... 84 73 481 301

Unemployment rate............................................................... 8.8 6.2 5.1 3.2

Not in labor force....................................................................... 13,991 14,332 31,000 30,825

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty

seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or

emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as

visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

Jan.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Jan.

2022

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 43,086 44,624 20,793 21,886 22,293 22,738

Civilian labor force.................................................. 27,549 29,255 15,932 16,869 11,617 12,387

Participation rate.................................................. 63.9 65.6 76.6 77.1 52.1 54.5

Employed.......................................................... 25,318 27,978 14,777 16,192 10,542 11,786

Employment-population ratio................................. 58.8 62.7 71.1 74.0 47.3 51.8

Unemployed....................................................... 2,231 1,277 1,155 677 1,076 601

Unemployment rate............................................ 8.1 4.4 7.2 4.0 9.3 4.9

Not in labor force.................................................... 15,537 15,368 4,861 5,017 10,676 10,352

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 217,765 218,579 105,399 106,351 112,367 112,228

Civilian labor force.................................................. 131,685 133,569 68,605 69,619 63,079 63,950

Participation rate.................................................. 60.5 61.1 65.1 65.5 56.1 57.0

Employed.......................................................... 123,065 127,640 63,758 66,184 59,307 61,456

Employment-population ratio................................. 56.5 58.4 60.5 62.2 52.8 54.8

Unemployed....................................................... 8,620 5,929 4,848 3,435 3,772 2,494

Unemployment rate............................................ 6.5 4.4 7.1 4.9 6.0 3.9

Not in labor force.................................................... 86,081 85,009 36,793 36,732 49,287 48,278

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States

or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born

in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................. 2,346 2,253 2,224 2,454 2,247 2,296 2,212 2,308 2,326

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 1,517 1,473 1,454 1,567 1,508 1,501 1,434 1,477 1,501

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 778 746 735 815 733 769 744 785 771

Unpaid family workers........................... 50 33 36 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries.......................... 146,037 153,479 153,394 147,404 151,686 152,070 152,933 153,409 154,598

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 137,451 144,275 144,501 138,964 141,756 142,194 143,816 144,474 145,993

Government..................................... 20,914 21,239 21,593 20,653 20,514 20,511 20,750 21,097 21,274

Private industries............................... 116,537 123,036 122,907 117,992 121,909 122,175 123,416 123,172 124,240

Private households.......................... 622 585 575 – – – – – –

Other industries.............................. 115,915 122,450 122,332 117,348 121,226 121,460 122,796 122,484 123,512

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 8,515 9,161 8,830 8,750 9,424 9,465 9,256 9,282 9,089

Unpaid family workers........................... 71 43 64 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 6,404 4,049 4,176 5,940 4,450 4,398 4,266 3,929 3,717

Slack work or business conditions............. 5,185 2,679 2,828 4,757 3,142 3,108 2,903 2,594 2,430

Could only find part-time work.................. 981 1,040 935 996 988 961 1,059 1,082 969

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 18,407 20,694 20,105 18,424 20,335 20,539 20,440 20,315 20,198

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 6,284 3,994 4,094 5,804 4,360 4,273 4,244 3,898 3,620

Slack work or business conditions............. 5,102 2,649 2,782 4,688 3,094 3,032 2,869 2,578 2,400

Could only find part-time work.................. 980 1,040 927 991 976 962 1,056 1,079 960

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 17,993 20,308 19,738 18,012 19,952 20,200 20,075 19,951 19,839

1

Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for

the entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business

conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or

training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to

34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148,383 155,732 155,618 150,004 153,806 154,234 155,324 155,975 157,174

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,606 5,068 5,102 5,043 5,298 5,281 5,331 5,287 5,550

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,616 1,966 1,965 1,812 2,021 1,992 2,087 2,075 2,188

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,990 3,102 3,137 3,228 3,261 3,289 3,243 3,214 3,378

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143,777 150,664 150,516 144,961 148,508 148,953 149,993 150,688 151,624

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,856 13,758 13,376 13,215 13,529 13,718 13,824 13,870 13,756

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130,921 136,907 137,141 131,645 135,072 135,282 136,065 136,605 137,840

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95,871 100,016 100,214 96,293 98,460 98,795 99,396 99,740 100,647

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,687 35,464 34,726 33,891 34,713 35,029 35,347 35,352 34,985

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,046 33,521 34,050 32,169 32,945 33,042 33,174 33,454 34,147

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,137 31,031 31,437 30,234 30,802 30,723 30,875 30,934 31,515

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,050 36,891 36,927 35,351 36,612 36,487 36,669 36,865 37,193

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,535 82,024 82,376 79,728 81,533 81,835 82,432 82,508 83,518

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,295 2,499 2,497 2,542 2,581 2,672 2,696 2,616 2,751

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799 892 899 914 974 984 1,017 970 1,022

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,496 1,608 1,599 1,635 1,590 1,691 1,686 1,655 1,744

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,239 79,525 79,879 77,185 78,952 79,164 79,736 79,892 80,767

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,591 6,952 6,797 6,813 6,882 6,972 7,100 7,070 7,032

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,648 72,573 73,082 70,306 72,081 72,181 72,535 72,702 73,752

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,957 52,948 53,236 51,369 52,462 52,717 52,894 52,992 53,693

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,967 18,816 18,346 18,134 18,540 18,715 18,797 18,793 18,555

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,211 17,849 18,264 17,367 17,802 17,784 17,845 17,899 18,420

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,779 16,283 16,626 15,868 16,120 16,218 16,252 16,300 16,718

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,691 19,625 19,846 18,936 19,619 19,464 19,641 19,710 20,059

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,848 73,708 73,242 70,276 72,273 72,399 72,892 73,467 73,656

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,310 2,568 2,605 2,501 2,717 2,609 2,635 2,671 2,799

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 817 1,074 1,067 898 1,046 1,008 1,070 1,105 1,166

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,494 1,494 1,538 1,593 1,671 1,598 1,557 1,558 1,634

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,538 71,140 70,637 67,776 69,555 69,790 70,257 70,795 70,857

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,266 6,806 6,578 6,402 6,646 6,746 6,724 6,799 6,725

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61,272 64,334 64,059 61,339 62,991 63,101 63,530 63,904 64,088

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,914 47,068 46,978 44,924 45,998 46,078 46,502 46,748 46,954

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,720 16,648 16,380 15,757 16,174 16,314 16,550 16,559 16,430

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,836 15,672 15,786 14,801 15,143 15,258 15,329 15,555 15,727

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,358 14,748 14,811 14,366 14,681 14,505 14,623 14,635 14,798

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,358 17,266 17,081 16,415 16,993 17,023 17,029 17,156 17,134

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,547 44,351 45,145 43,749 43,671 43,794 44,209 44,437 45,342

Married women, spouse present1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,698 35,909 36,004 34,619 35,029 34,988 35,328 35,557 35,885

Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,325 9,726 9,983 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,717 129,824 129,747 125,123 128,076 128,409 129,388 130,191 131,164

Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,666 25,908 25,871 24,669 25,772 25,903 25,956 25,681 25,817

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,535 7,461 7,337 6,684 7,038 6,984 7,065 7,395 7,486

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 4.8 4.7 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.7 4.8

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,938 6,213 6,366 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,293 9,908 9,564 9,565 10,157 10,234 10,000 10,067 9,860

1 Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex

married couples only.

2 Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020,

referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.

3 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

4 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Jan.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over........................... 10,180 6,319 6,513 6.4 4.7 4.6 4.2 3.9 4.0

16 to 19 years..................................... 863 649 676 14.6 11.3 11.7 10.9 10.9 10.9

16 to 17 years.................................. 328 251 278 15.3 10.8 10.1 10.4 10.8 11.3

18 to 19 years.................................. 535 416 400 14.2 11.7 12.6 11.6 11.5 10.6

20 years and over................................ 9,317 5,670 5,837 6.0 4.5 4.3 3.9 3.6 3.7

20 to 24 years.................................. 1,465 1,058 1,080 10.0 7.8 7.2 7.4 7.1 7.3

25 years and over.............................. 7,885 4,660 4,851 5.7 4.1 4.0 3.6 3.3 3.4

25 to 54 years............................... 5,923 3,583 3,667 5.8 4.4 4.1 3.7 3.5 3.5

25 to 34 years............................. 2,470 1,580 1,580 6.8 5.2 4.8 4.3 4.3 4.3

35 to 44 years............................. 1,898 1,124 1,242 5.6 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.3 3.5

45 to 54 years............................. 1,555 879 845 4.9 3.9 3.7 3.1 2.8 2.6

55 years and over........................... 1,972 1,133 1,203 5.3 3.5 3.6 3.2 3.0 3.1

Men, 16 years and over............................ 5,468 3,349 3,556 6.4 5.0 4.5 4.2 3.9 4.1

16 to 19 years..................................... 462 339 357 15.4 12.5 11.9 10.4 11.5 11.5

16 to 17 years.................................. 145 117 159 13.7 11.5 9.8 11.1 10.7 13.5

18 to 19 years.................................. 309 238 198 15.9 13.2 13.2 10.5 12.6 10.2

20 years and over................................ 5,006 3,010 3,199 6.1 4.7 4.3 3.9 3.6 3.8

20 to 24 years.................................. 773 586 659 10.2 9.1 8.2 8.0 7.7 8.6

25 years and over.............................. 4,245 2,455 2,614 5.7 4.3 3.9 3.6 3.3 3.4

25 to 54 years............................... 3,169 1,903 1,954 5.8 4.5 4.0 3.8 3.5 3.5

25 to 34 years............................. 1,357 879 862 7.0 5.6 5.0 4.4 4.5 4.4

35 to 44 years............................. 1,026 607 674 5.6 4.1 3.7 3.9 3.3 3.5

45 to 54 years............................. 786 417 418 4.7 3.7 3.2 2.9 2.5 2.4

55 years and over........................... 1,076 552 660 5.4 3.6 3.5 3.0 2.7 3.2

Women, 16 years and over........................ 4,712 2,970 2,957 6.3 4.5 4.6 4.2 3.9 3.9

16 to 19 years..................................... 401 311 319 13.8 10.2 11.4 11.4 10.4 10.2

16 to 17 years.................................. 183 134 119 16.9 10.1 10.4 9.7 10.8 9.3

18 to 19 years.................................. 226 178 203 12.4 10.2 12.0 12.7 10.2 11.0

20 years and over................................ 4,311 2,660 2,637 6.0 4.3 4.3 3.9 3.6 3.6

20 to 24 years.................................. 692 472 421 9.8 6.4 6.3 6.7 6.5 5.9

25 years and over.............................. 3,640 2,205 2,237 5.6 4.0 4.1 3.6 3.3 3.4

25 to 54 years............................... 2,754 1,680 1,713 5.8 4.2 4.3 3.7 3.5 3.5

25 to 34 years............................. 1,113 700 718 6.6 4.8 4.5 4.1 4.1 4.2

35 to 44 years............................. 872 517 568 5.6 3.7 4.0 3.8 3.2 3.5

45 to 54 years............................. 769 462 427 5.1 4.0 4.3 3.2 3.1 2.8

55 years and over........................... 896 565 548 5.2 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.2 3.1

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present1

.................... 1,826 870 913 4.0 2.8 2.5 2.3 1.9 2.0

Married women, spouse present1................. 1,599 896 897 4.4 2.8 3.0 2.8 2.5 2.4

Women who maintain families2.................... 845 577 527 8.3 6.8 5.9 4.8 5.6 5.0

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers3................................... 8,572 5,228 5,367 6.4 4.8 4.6 4.2 3.9 3.9

Part-time workers4.................................. 1,671 1,123 1,196 6.3 4.2 4.7 4.1 4.2 4.4

1 Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to

persons in opposite-sex married couples only.

2 Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members,

but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an

opposite-sex spouse.

3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time

jobs.

4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from

part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 7,666 3,044 3,924 6,963 4,002 3,700 3,369 3,095 3,220

On temporary layoff.............................. 3,215 834 1,467 2,726 1,083 1,041 875 812 959

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 4,452 2,210 2,458 4,237 2,919 2,659 2,493 2,283 2,261

Permanent job losers.......................... 3,585 1,622 1,707 3,487 2,243 2,102 1,905 1,703 1,630

Persons who completed temporary jobs. . .. 867 588 750 750 676 557 589 580 632

Job leavers........................................... 651 676 948 653 792 845 837 724 952

Reentrants............................................ 2,039 1,849 1,973 1,998 2,275 2,206 2,154 2,038 1,959

New entrants......................................... 494 395 362 545 491 537 452 513 433

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 70.7 51.0 54.5 68.5 52.9 50.8 49.4 48.6 49.1

On temporary layoff.............................. 29.6 14.0 20.4 26.8 14.3 14.3 12.8 12.8 14.6

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 41.0 37.1 34.1 41.7 38.6 36.5 36.6 35.8 34.5

Job leavers........................................... 6.0 11.3 13.1 6.4 10.5 11.6 12.3 11.4 14.5

Reentrants............................................ 18.8 31.0 27.4 19.7 30.1 30.3 31.6 32.0 29.8

New entrants......................................... 4.6 6.6 5.0 5.4 6.5 7.4 6.6 8.1 6.6

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 4.8 1.9 2.4 4.3 2.5 2.3 2.1 1.9 2.0

Job leavers........................................... 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.6

Reentrants............................................ 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2

New entrants......................................... 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the

independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 2,707 1,884 2,888 2,307 2,227 2,051 1,985 1,977 2,417

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 2,716 1,453 1,765 2,454 1,727 1,876 1,703 1,571 1,607

15 weeks and over.................................. 5,428 2,626 2,554 5,382 3,711 3,340 3,063 2,788 2,507

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 1,354 722 856 1,336 1,047 1,001 870 780 816

27 weeks and over............................... 4,074 1,905 1,698 4,046 2,664 2,339 2,193 2,008 1,691

Average (mean) duration, in weeks............... 24.3 27.6 23.0 26.1 28.3 26.9 29.1 28.6 24.6

Median duration, in weeks......................... 14.5 10.8 8.5 16.0 13.7 13.0 13.4 12.9 10.1

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 24.9 31.6 40.1 22.7 29.1 28.2 29.4 31.2 37.0

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 25.0 24.4 24.5 24.2 22.5 25.8 25.2 24.8 24.6

15 weeks and over.................................. 50.0 44.0 35.4 53.1 48.4 46.0 45.4 44.0 38.4

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 12.5 12.1 11.9 13.2 13.7 13.8 12.9 12.3 12.5

27 weeks and over............................... 37.5 31.9 23.6 39.9 34.8 32.2 32.5 31.7 25.9

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the

independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Jan.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Jan.

2022

Total, 16 years and over1

............................................. 148,383 155,618 10,851 7,207 6.8 4.4

Management, professional, and related occupations........... 63,886 66,740 2,433 1,583 3.7 2.3

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations..................................................... 27,307 28,536 1,088 623 3.8 2.1

Professional and related occupations.......................... 36,580 38,204 1,345 961 3.5 2.5

Service occupations................................................ 22,366 24,232 2,887 1,733 11.4 6.7

Sales and office occupations...................................... 30,295 31,164 1,983 1,347 6.1 4.1

Sales and related occupations.................................. 14,641 14,581 1,036 642 6.6 4.2

Office and administrative support occupations............... 15,654 16,583 947 705 5.7 4.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations........................................................ 13,235 13,858 1,417 915 9.7 6.2

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.................... 984 924 140 88 12.4 8.7

Construction and extraction occupations...................... 7,790 8,094 963 689 11.0 7.8

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations........... 4,461 4,840 314 139 6.6 2.8

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations........................................................ 18,601 19,624 1,626 1,243 8.0 6.0

Production occupations.......................................... 7,840 7,973 544 455 6.5 5.4

Transportation and material moving occupations............ 10,761 11,651 1,081 788 9.1 6.3

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, occupations reflect

the introduction of the 2018 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification

system is derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2020 are not strictly

comparable with earlier years.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Jan.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Jan.

2022

Total, 16 years and over1

................................................................ 10,851 7,207 6.8 4.4

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers.................................. 8,945 5,822 7.1 4.5

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.................................... 93 46 14.2 8.4

Construction.......................................................................... 938 709 9.4 7.1

Manufacturing........................................................................ 699 549 4.7 3.6

Durable goods..................................................................... 396 305 4.2 3.1

Nondurable goods................................................................ 303 245 5.6 4.4

Wholesale and retail trade......................................................... 1,367 956 6.9 4.8

Transportation and utilities......................................................... 613 365 8.2 4.5

Information............................................................................ 186 102 7.4 4.2

Financial activities................................................................... 350 196 3.4 1.9

Professional and business services............................................... 1,146 835 6.8 4.5

Education and health services..................................................... 1,059 699 4.3 2.9

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 1,949 1,046 15.9 8.2

Other services........................................................................ 544 317 8.8 4.9

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers......................... 153 129 9.4 8.5

Government workers................................................................... 641 477 3.0 2.2

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............ 617 416 6.2 4.1

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, industries reflect the

introduction of the 2017 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from

the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021

Jan.

2022

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,

as a percent of the civilian labor force......... 3.4 1.6 1.6 3.4 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.5

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force......................................... 4.8 1.9 2.4 4.3 2.5 2.3 2.1 1.9 2.0

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate)................................................ 6.8 3.7 4.4 6.4 4.7 4.6 4.2 3.9 4.0

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged

workers, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus discouraged workers................. 7.2 4.0 4.7 6.7 5.0 4.8 4.5 4.2 4.2

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged

workers, plus all other persons marginally

attached to the labor force, as a percent of

the civilian labor force plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . .. 8.0 4.7 5.4 7.5 5.8 5.5 5.1 4.9 4.9

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic

reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus all persons marginally attached to

the labor force..................................... 12.0 7.2 7.9 11.1 8.5 8.2 7.7 7.3 7.1

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and

are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have

given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are

available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

Jan.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Jan.

2022

Jan.

2021

Jan.

2022

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force........................................... 101,618 100,378 41,655 41,748 59,963 58,629

Persons who currently want a job................................ 7,129 5,872 3,381 2,971 3,748 2,901

Marginally attached to the labor force1

........................ 2,053 1,623 1,164 925 889 698

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 638 422 430 320 208 102

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. .. 1,415 1,200 734 605 681 596

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4

............................................. 6,535 7,337 3,071 3,597 3,463 3,741

Percent of total employed.......................................... 4.4 4.7 3.9 4.4 5.0 5.1

Primary job full time, secondary job part time................... 3,755 4,259 1,934 2,310 1,822 1,949

Primary and secondary jobs both part time..................... 1,577 1,736 499 591 1,078 1,145

Primary and secondary jobs both full time....................... 240 282 143 152 97 130

Hours vary on primary or secondary job......................... 928 1,017 475 523 453 495

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference

week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks

schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and

transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4

Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Change

from:

Dec.2021 -

Jan.2022p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,974 150,210 150,349 147,525 143,017 148,652 149,162 149,629 467

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119,314 127,659 127,925 125,534 121,229 126,538 127,041 127,485 444

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,681 20,699 20,610 20,244 20,090 20,598 20,660 20,664 4

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 540 587 589 573 546 582 586 582 -4

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.1 45.4 44.7 44.8 47.6 44.9 44.6 44.6 0.0

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492.3 541.3 544.2 528.1 498.4 536.9 541.2 537.2 -4.0

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.8 122.7 125.5 118.0 114.3 121.1 121.9 119.1 -2.8

Mining, except oil and gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169.5 176.7 174.2 171.0 174.0 175.8 176.3 176.1 -0.2

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.0 36.2 36.4 36.7 37.7 36.1 36.5 36.5 0.0

Metal ore mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.8 41.9 42.2 42.3 41.1 42.1 42.3 42.5 0.2

Nonmetallic mineral mining and

quarrying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.7 98.6 95.6 92.0 95.2 97.6 97.5 97.1 -0.4

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209.0 241.9 244.5 239.1 210.1 240.0 243.0 242.0 -1.0

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,033 7,582 7,445 7,182 7,360 7,502 7,528 7,523 -5

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,585.6 1,679.9 1,666.5 1,633.4 1,630.0 1,669.2 1,678.4 1,682.4 4.0

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 820.6 881.0 875.3 858.3 844.5 875.0 879.7 883.3 3.6

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765.0 798.9 791.2 775.1 785.5 794.2 798.7 799.1 0.4

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . 940.9 1,075.7 1,018.5 950.7 1,036.8 1,052.7 1,060.2 1,050.7 -9.5

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,506.4 4,826.7 4,760.2 4,598.0 4,692.7 4,780.4 4,789.2 4,790.1 0.9

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . 2,080.6 2,226.0 2,192.0 2,128.6 2,154.1 2,206.9 2,202.5 2,203.3 0.8

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 2,425.8 2,600.7 2,568.2 2,469.4 2,538.6 2,573.5 2,586.7 2,586.8 0.1

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,108 12,530 12,576 12,489 12,184 12,514 12,546 12,559 13

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,534 7,786 7,817 7,782 7,572 7,785 7,810 7,818 8

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402.1 417.7 418.4 419.6 402.6 416.5 418.2 420.2 2.0

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386.5 407.8 402.7 397.3 399.9 405.0 407.5 410.8 3.3

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344.3 355.3 358.1 358.5 344.6 355.4 356.6 358.4 1.8

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,354.6 1,407.1 1,411.0 1,409.7 1,364.8 1,409.5 1,411.6 1,416.6 5.0

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,037.6 1,054.7 1,068.2 1,069.7 1,038.8 1,056.6 1,068.1 1,071.7 3.6

Computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . . 1,047.2 1,064.2 1,067.9 1,065.9 1,049.6 1,065.2 1,066.5 1,068.5 2.0

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . 155.6 159.6 159.4 160.1 156.0 159.6 159.5 160.3 0.8

Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.6 84.6 83.9 84.7 85.3 84.8 84.8 84.9 0.1

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365.2 371.0 371.4 369.9 365.4 371.4 370.9 371.7 0.8

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410.5 418.3 422.1 418.9 411.6 418.9 420.3 419.4 -0.9

Miscellaneous computer and electronic

products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.3 30.7 31.1 32.3 31.2 30.5 31.1 32.2 1.1

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . 382.8 400.4 401.5 401.2 382.9 400.4 402.1 402.3 0.2

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,619.1 1,670.3 1,675.1 1,655.0 1,623.6 1,669.0 1,669.9 1,660.4 -9.5

Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 945.6 986.7 991.6 972.4 951.0 983.4 984.1 979.2 -4.9

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368.3 381.5 385.7 381.2 369.5 381.8 383.5 382.0 -1.5

Miscellaneous durable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591.2 626.6 628.5 624.3 595.6 625.7 625.8 627.4 1.6

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,574 4,744 4,759 4,707 4,612 4,729 4,736 4,741 5

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,614.5 1,662.3 1,670.5 1,652.7 1,630.8 1,654.0 1,657.4 1,662.6 5.2

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.4 100.4 100.6 101.2 96.5 100.4 100.8 101.5 0.7

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.8 104.7 106.1 104.3 101.9 104.2 105.3 104.5 -0.8

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.8 94.3 94.8 92.2 90.5 94.4 93.5 93.5 0.0

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351.1 352.1 351.7 352.0 351.0 351.6 350.4 351.1 0.7

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . 361.9 376.3 378.3 368.4 364.8 372.3 373.5 371.0 -2.5

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102.5 107.0 104.6 99.3 106.2 106.3 104.9 103.1 -1.8

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 854.8 873.6 880.6 877.8 858.3 875.6 878.9 880.8 1.9

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 713.5 733.3 737.5 732.4 711.2 731.9 732.3 732.7 0.4

Miscellaneous nondurable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289.8 339.9 333.9 327.0 300.5 338.0 338.6 339.7 1.1

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99,633 106,960 107,315 105,290 101,139 105,940 106,381 106,821 440

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,215 28,705 29,054 28,288 27,279 28,084 28,169 28,301 132

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,581.7 5,741.1 5,762.4 5,737.3 5,611.7 5,731.2 5,751.6 5,768.0 16.4

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,069.0 3,156.6 3,172.2 3,169.6 3,077.5 3,158.6 3,169.4 3,180.1 10.7

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,032.7 2,101.4 2,106.5 2,089.1 2,053.8 2,092.8 2,103.3 2,111.0 7.7

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Change

from:

Dec.2021 -

Jan.2022p

Wholesale trade - Continued

Electronic markets and agents and

brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480.0 483.1 483.7 478.6 480.4 479.8 478.9 476.9 -2.0

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,159.8 15,926.5 16,061.5 15,638.4 15,243.5 15,556.9 15,597.0 15,658.4 61.4

Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,902.1 1,948.0 1,944.3 1,930.4 1,923.3 1,949.2 1,950.9 1,951.9 1.0

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,211.4 1,225.2 1,225.5 1,219.2 1,218.6 1,225.9 1,227.1 1,226.7 -0.4

Other motor vehicle dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.8 166.3 163.9 159.8 159.8 170.5 170.8 170.7 -0.1

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores. . . 540.9 556.5 554.9 551.4 544.8 552.7 553.0 554.5 1.5

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . 435.0 457.4 461.0 444.8 434.3 445.8 444.5 440.2 -4.3

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 418.3 453.3 454.8 435.7 419.6 430.3 432.2 431.6 -0.6

Building material and garden supply

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,356.1 1,355.7 1,352.7 1,337.7 1,418.9 1,386.9 1,390.9 1,396.9 6.0

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,150.1 3,155.7 3,158.9 3,109.3 3,147.6 3,123.2 3,115.9 3,108.4 -7.5

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 996.7 1,074.1 1,084.1 1,085.2 991.1 1,057.4 1,064.8 1,076.1 11.3

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 921.1 951.5 952.4 944.3 928.3 947.9 950.5 953.6 3.1

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . 1,005.5 1,119.2 1,162.8 1,091.9 995.5 1,062.1 1,064.9 1,073.0 8.1

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508.9 570.9 564.4 545.2 508.3 537.7 529.7 537.1 7.4

General merchandise stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,101.9 3,333.2 3,409.7 3,246.3 3,090.1 3,142.8 3,165.7 3,194.7 29.0

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 950.8 1,046.7 1,078.7 989.9 933.7 946.1 950.7 963.0 12.3

General merchandise stores, including

warehouse clubs and supercenters. . . . . 2,151.1 2,286.5 2,331.0 2,256.4 2,156.4 2,196.7 2,215.0 2,231.7 16.7

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 756.2 826.2 834.6 813.9 770.7 820.1 831.4 837.1 5.7

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 607.9 681.3 681.8 653.7 615.8 653.5 655.6 657.8 2.2

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,932.1 6,498.1 6,691.2 6,375.7 5,881.1 6,257.4 6,282.7 6,336.9 54.2

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438.4 509.0 514.4 519.2 441.1 510.1 517.4 524.2 6.8

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.7 145.7 146.2 146.2 145.1 145.8 146.4 146.4 0.0

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.6 55.3 56.3 55.3 55.7 56.2 57.1 57.1 0.0

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,470.1 1,551.0 1,546.2 1,534.2 1,485.3 1,537.6 1,541.7 1,549.2 7.5

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355.0 403.8 405.1 400.0 345.7 386.2 387.8 389.7 1.9

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.2 50.6 51.1 50.8 49.1 50.6 51.1 51.0 -0.1

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . 13.8 23.3 22.1 21.2 19.6 26.7 26.1 27.7 1.6

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . 693.2 757.3 763.3 748.2 696.5 746.9 750.9 752.8 1.9

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,127.3 1,238.5 1,414.4 1,162.4 1,065.5 1,094.6 1,089.4 1,110.6 21.2

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,586.8 1,763.6 1,772.1 1,738.2 1,577.5 1,702.7 1,714.8 1,728.2 13.4

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541.3 538.9 538.5 536.9 542.2 538.7 537.9 538.0 0.1

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,717 2,914 2,924 2,891 2,745 2,904 2,916 2,934 18

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . 776.2 799.4 805.7 803.6 778.9 799.4 803.1 806.8 3.7

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286.4 427.5 428.0 408.1 311.8 422.2 430.2 438.3 8.1

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243.1 236.4 234.3 230.9 244.1 234.1 233.9 231.9 -2.0

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 681.9 659.2 661.2 651.8 678.9 657.0 654.4 651.3 -3.1

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366.6 401.9 404.9 405.4 368.0 401.8 402.4 409.9 7.5

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362.9 389.1 390.0 390.9 363.5 389.3 392.2 395.3 3.1

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,679 8,865 8,898 8,822 8,732 8,849 8,866 8,875 9

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,505.2 6,553.2 6,576.0 6,543.6 6,517.4 6,542.4 6,551.4 6,555.1 3.7

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . 20.7 20.8 20.8 20.6 20.8 20.9 20.7 20.7 0.0

Credit intermediation and related

activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,703.2 2,704.4 2,714.4 2,715.5 2,704.8 2,705.5 2,709.9 2,715.8 5.9

Depository credit intermediation1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,755.7 1,728.9 1,732.5 1,733.3 1,756.4 1,732.8 1,732.8 1,733.2 0.4

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,373.7 1,342.5 1,343.7 1,344.1 1,374.7 1,346.7 1,345.6 1,345.8 0.2

Nondepository credit intermediation. . . . . . . 622.6 640.6 645.9 647.2 622.8 639.0 642.8 647.6 4.8

Activities related to credit intermediation.. . 324.9 334.9 336.0 335.0 325.7 333.6 334.4 335.0 0.6

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . . 970.4 1,014.5 1,019.3 997.2 975.6 1,011.3 1,011.6 1,004.6 -7.0

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . 2,810.9 2,813.5 2,821.5 2,810.3 2,816.2 2,804.7 2,809.2 2,814.0 4.8

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,173.9 2,311.3 2,322.2 2,278.6 2,214.8 2,306.4 2,314.8 2,320.1 5.3

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,690.4 1,785.4 1,795.8 1,761.6 1,715.7 1,777.3 1,784.7 1,787.1 2.4

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462.9 505.4 505.7 497.0 478.1 508.7 509.7 512.7 3.0

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Change

from:

Dec.2021 -

Jan.2022p

Real estate and rental and leasing -

Continued

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . 20.6 20.5 20.7 20.0 21.0 20.4 20.4 20.3 -0.1

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,473 21,983 21,966 21,576 20,800 21,730 21,818 21,904 86

Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . . 9,577.3 10,158.5 10,211.5 10,208.7 9,584.9 10,138.7 10,187.3 10,232.8 45.5

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,129.3 1,177.2 1,183.0 1,170.1 1,136.5 1,171.8 1,174.8 1,176.6 1.8

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . 1,061.2 1,043.8 1,075.1 1,106.9 1,007.6 1,071.9 1,075.1 1,068.5 -6.6

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . 1,491.5 1,584.4 1,589.6 1,577.8 1,508.3 1,580.2 1,590.6 1,599.0 8.4

Specialized design services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.0 149.0 150.0 145.3 136.4 146.6 148.1 147.3 -0.8

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,232.5 2,372.9 2,367.3 2,384.2 2,231.7 2,360.2 2,373.0 2,387.8 14.8

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,560.4 1,711.4 1,720.3 1,711.0 1,573.8 1,695.7 1,704.7 1,720.4 15.7

Scientific research and development

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 786.9 845.0 851.4 849.2 793.6 844.7 850.2 853.9 3.7

Advertising and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 430.8 458.0 463.0 457.1 434.6 457.0 460.0 462.0 2.0

Other professional and technical services. . . 749.7 816.8 811.8 807.1 762.4 810.6 810.7 817.3 6.6

Management of companies and enterprises. . . 2,327.7 2,351.0 2,356.8 2,355.4 2,333.9 2,349.0 2,351.7 2,361.1 9.4

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,568.1 9,473.4 9,397.9 9,011.6 8,881.5 9,241.8 9,278.7 9,309.6 30.9

Administrative and support services. . . . . . . . . 8,123.5 9,005.7 8,930.0 8,556.4 8,430.7 8,779.5 8,816.3 8,848.7 32.4

Office administrative services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 523.0 563.1 562.2 562.3 525.8 561.7 562.8 566.1 3.3

Facilities support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156.1 155.6 154.8 153.5 156.8 155.0 154.5 153.6 -0.9

Employment services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,353.3 3,894.2 3,922.9 3,702.8 3,466.6 3,724.2 3,760.2 3,786.1 25.9

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,730.2 3,191.6 3,212.6 3,018.8 2,831.4 3,036.4 3,064.9 3,091.2 26.3

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 823.7 831.2 826.4 810.6 817.5 806.0 800.3 801.7 1.4

Travel arrangement and reservation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.8 143.6 143.5 142.8 134.8 143.6 145.9 146.7 0.8

Investigation and security services. . . . . . . . 900.6 915.6 917.6 901.7 911.6 909.8 911.0 913.4 2.4

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . 1,951.7 2,196.2 2,100.0 1,982.6 2,126.8 2,173.6 2,174.8 2,175.0 0.2

Other support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285.3 306.2 302.6 300.1 290.7 305.6 306.8 306.1 -0.7

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444.6 467.7 467.9 455.2 450.8 462.3 462.4 460.9 -1.5

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,209 24,155 24,091 23,730 23,378 23,874 23,924 23,953 29

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,371.4 3,867.4 3,790.3 3,578.0 3,468.9 3,683.6 3,702.7 3,715.6 12.9

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,837.7 20,287.5 20,300.9 20,151.6 19,908.9 20,189.9 20,221.4 20,237.8 16.4

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,889.3 16,147.5 16,163.9 16,059.8 15,937.2 16,079.8 16,094.1 16,112.1 18.0

Ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . 7,695.1 8,030.2 8,040.6 7,978.7 7,726.5 7,986.8 7,998.3 8,013.0 14.7

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,682.5 2,787.7 2,794.7 2,777.5 2,692.5 2,774.5 2,777.7 2,787.4 9.7

Offices of dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 967.0 1,018.1 1,014.7 1,015.3 971.9 1,012.6 1,015.4 1,019.1 3.7

Offices of other health practitioners. . . . . 970.7 1,054.0 1,056.5 1,046.8 975.5 1,049.0 1,050.2 1,051.7 1.5

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 978.2 1,008.9 1,013.9 1,004.9 979.6 1,006.2 1,007.7 1,007.9 0.2

Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . . 298.4 310.5 312.4 311.2 297.3 309.7 310.3 310.1 -0.2

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,492.1 1,538.3 1,534.2 1,511.3 1,501.6 1,522.1 1,523.9 1,522.2 -1.7

Other ambulatory health care

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306.2 312.7 314.2 311.7 308.1 312.8 313.3 314.6 1.3

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,117.6 5,140.8 5,142.3 5,124.4 5,122.3 5,125.6 5,127.6 5,131.0 3.4

Nursing and residential care facilities. . . . . 3,076.6 2,976.5 2,981.0 2,956.7 3,088.4 2,967.4 2,968.2 2,968.1 -0.1

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,413.1 1,353.3 1,352.1 1,344.4 1,416.7 1,346.0 1,345.1 1,347.2 2.1

Residential mental health facilities. . . . . . 609.5 598.2 599.4 592.2 612.1 597.4 597.9 595.5 -2.4

Community care facilities for the

elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 899.5 870.0 875.3 865.4 903.5 869.4 870.1 869.8 -0.3

Other residential care facilities. . . . . . . . . . 154.5 155.0 154.2 154.7 156.0 154.6 155.0 155.7 0.7

Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,948.4 4,140.0 4,137.0 4,091.8 3,971.7 4,110.1 4,127.3 4,125.7 -1.6

Individual and family services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,643.8 2,742.8 2,743.6 2,707.9 2,653.7 2,728.1 2,738.2 2,730.4 -7.8

Emergency and other relief services. . . . . . 189.7 196.8 198.3 195.3 190.5 195.7 195.8 195.4 -0.4

Vocational rehabilitation services. . . . . . . . . 265.4 275.7 275.7 270.7 269.9 275.6 276.0 276.9 0.9

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 849.5 924.7 919.4 917.9 857.5 910.8 917.4 923.0 5.6

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,099 14,755 14,795 14,443 12,877 14,919 15,082 15,233 151

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,509.5 2,061.1 2,047.0 1,962.9 1,759.1 2,155.6 2,190.7 2,210.8 20.1

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . 271.1 448.3 445.3 392.8 317.6 438.3 451.8 451.3 -0.5

Museums, historical sites, and similar

institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.2 144.9 146.4 135.4 130.2 145.8 147.1 147.7 0.6

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Change

from:

Dec.2021 -

Jan.2022p

Arts, entertainment, and recreation -

Continued

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . 1,121.2 1,467.9 1,455.3 1,434.7 1,311.3 1,571.5 1,591.8 1,611.8 20.0

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . 10,589.7 12,693.5 12,747.8 12,480.3 11,117.6 12,763.2 12,891.4 13,022.2 130.8

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,198.3 1,551.1 1,568.6 1,537.7 1,307.5 1,599.0 1,623.7 1,646.3 22.6

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 9,391.4 11,142.4 11,179.2 10,942.6 9,810.1 11,164.2 11,267.7 11,375.9 108.2

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,241 5,583 5,587 5,540 5,328 5,580 5,606 5,621 15

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,291.3 1,397.6 1,393.6 1,388.9 1,312.9 1,395.7 1,404.0 1,407.5 3.5

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,253.6 1,412.9 1,421.2 1,395.9 1,280.7 1,407.5 1,417.3 1,423.6 6.3

Membership associations and organizations. . . 2,696.4 2,772.8 2,772.5 2,755.1 2,734.3 2,776.9 2,784.5 2,790.1 5.6

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,660 22,551 22,424 21,991 21,788 22,114 22,121 22,144 23

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,866 2,895 2,896 2,861 2,886 2,884 2,875 2,874 -1

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,263.4 2,276.5 2,270.6 2,251.1 2,278.1 2,275.0 2,269.5 2,264.5 -5.0

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 602.4 618.3 625.6 610.2 607.8 609.2 605.4 609.6 4.2

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,076 5,401 5,320 5,104 5,154 5,220 5,218 5,209 -9

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,391.8 2,760.6 2,686.9 2,481.2 2,457.2 2,571.3 2,575.9 2,575.0 -0.9

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 2,684.5 2,640.0 2,632.6 2,622.4 2,697.2 2,648.2 2,641.8 2,634.4 -7.4

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,718 14,255 14,208 14,026 13,748 14,010 14,028 14,061 33

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,539.7 7,943.1 7,931.3 7,791.2 7,440.1 7,659.0 7,676.5 7,705.9 29.4

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 6,178.7 6,312.1 6,276.5 6,235.0 6,308.2 6,350.5 6,351.7 6,355.2 3.5

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3

Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 35.0 34.8 34.7 34.5

Goods-producing.................................................................... 40.2 40.0 40.0 39.8

Mining and logging................................................................ 45.4 45.0 44.8 44.1

Construction....................................................................... 39.2 39.0 39.0 38.7

Manufacturing..................................................................... 40.5 40.3 40.3 40.2

Durable goods.................................................................. 40.8 40.5 40.5 40.5

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 40.0 40.0 39.9 39.8

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.9 33.7 33.7 33.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 34.5 34.5 34.6 34.0

Wholesale trade................................................................ 39.1 39.2 39.2 39.1

Retail trade...................................................................... 30.7 31.1 31.3 30.3

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 39.0 38.2 38.0 37.9

Utilities........................................................................... 42.8 41.7 42.5 42.5

Information......................................................................... 37.4 36.8 36.9 36.9

Financial activities................................................................ 37.7 37.4 37.4 37.3

Professional and business services............................................ 36.9 36.7 36.7 36.7

Education and health services.................................................. 33.7 33.4 33.4 33.4

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 25.8 26.2 26.1 25.8

Other services..................................................................... 32.6 32.3 32.3 32.2

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.3

Durable goods....................................................................... 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3

Nondurable goods................................................................... 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.3

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Total private............................................... $29.93 $31.23 $31.40 $31.63 $1,047.55 $1,086.80 $1,089.58 $1,091.24

Goods-producing....................................... 30.34 31.55 31.69 31.88 1,219.67 1,262.00 1,267.60 1,268.82

Mining and logging.................................. 34.41 35.58 35.68 35.90 1,562.21 1,601.10 1,598.46 1,583.19

Construction.......................................... 32.16 33.44 33.61 33.80 1,260.67 1,304.16 1,310.79 1,308.06

Manufacturing........................................ 29.07 30.24 30.37 30.56 1,177.34 1,218.67 1,223.91 1,228.51

Durable goods.................................... 30.51 31.79 31.91 32.19 1,244.81 1,287.50 1,292.36 1,303.70

Nondurable goods................................ 26.65 27.66 27.79 27.84 1,066.00 1,106.40 1,108.82 1,108.03

Private service-providing.............................. 29.83 31.16 31.34 31.58 1,011.24 1,050.09 1,056.16 1,057.93

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 25.69 26.79 26.95 27.07 886.31 924.26 932.47 920.38

Wholesale trade.................................. 32.99 34.19 34.38 34.37 1,289.91 1,340.25 1,347.70 1,343.87

Retail trade........................................ 21.37 22.33 22.46 22.52 656.06 694.46 703.00 682.36

Transportation and warehousing............... 25.64 27.13 27.28 27.38 999.96 1,036.37 1,036.64 1,037.70

Utilities............................................. 44.19 45.33 45.98 46.18 1,891.33 1,890.26 1,954.15 1,962.65

Information........................................... 44.36 44.57 44.97 45.57 1,659.06 1,640.18 1,659.39 1,681.53

Financial activities................................... 39.28 40.70 40.83 41.16 1,480.86 1,522.18 1,527.04 1,535.27

Professional and business services.............. 35.59 37.48 37.71 38.03 1,313.27 1,375.52 1,383.96 1,395.70

Education and health services..................... 29.31 30.88 31.06 31.31 987.75 1,031.39 1,037.40 1,045.75

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 17.20 19.28 19.43 19.44 443.76 505.14 507.12 501.55

Other services....................................... 26.90 28.29 28.43 28.51 876.94 913.77 918.29 918.02

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Percent

change

from:

Dec.

2021 -

Jan.

2022p

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Percent

change

from:

Dec.

2021 -

Jan.

2022p

Total private..................................... 106.5 110.5 110.7 110.4 -0.3 152.4 165.1 166.1 167.0 0.5

Goods-producing............................. 92.0 93.9 94.2 93.7 -0.5 126.2 133.9 134.9 135.0 0.1

Mining and logging........................ 77.9 82.3 82.5 80.6 -2.3 107.6 117.6 118.2 116.2 -1.7

Construction................................ 99.5 100.9 101.2 100.4 -0.8 139.0 146.5 147.8 147.4 -0.3

Manufacturing.............................. 88.8 90.7 91.0 90.8 -0.2 120.0 127.6 128.5 129.1 0.5

Durable goods........................... 87.0 88.8 89.1 89.1 0.0 117.9 125.3 126.2 127.4 1.0

Nondurable goods...................... 92.1 94.4 94.3 94.2 -0.1 124.5 132.5 133.0 133.0 0.0

Private service-providing.................... 110.4 114.9 115.4 115.2 -0.2 160.0 174.1 175.8 176.8 0.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 102.7 105.7 106.3 105.0 -1.2 142.3 152.7 154.6 153.3 -0.8

Wholesale trade......................... 96.8 99.1 99.5 99.5 0.0 133.6 141.7 143.0 143.0 0.0

Retail trade.............................. 95.0 98.2 99.1 96.3 -2.8 134.2 145.0 147.1 143.4 -2.5

Transportation and warehousing...... 131.8 137.3 137.2 138.0 0.6 171.9 189.6 190.4 192.2 0.9

Utilities.................................... 100.4 97.2 98.9 98.9 0.0 146.6 145.6 150.3 150.9 0.4

Information................................. 93.8 97.6 98.3 98.9 0.6 148.1 154.9 157.3 160.4 2.0

Financial activities......................... 107.9 108.4 108.6 108.5 -0.1 165.3 172.1 173.0 174.1 0.6

Professional and business services..... 120.3 125.0 125.5 126.0 0.4 173.4 189.8 191.7 194.1 1.3

Education and health services........... 128.6 130.2 130.5 130.6 0.1 181.4 193.4 195.0 196.8 0.9

Leisure and hospitality.................... 94.8 111.5 112.3 112.1 -0.2 131.5 173.5 176.1 175.9 -0.1

Other services............................. 100.1 103.9 104.4 104.4 0.0 147.6 161.1 162.7 163.1 0.2

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Total nonfarm............................................. 71,011 74,037 74,208 74,396 49.7 49.8 49.7 49.7

Total private............................................ 58,475 61,250 61,390 61,552 48.2 48.4 48.3 48.3

Goods-producing.................................... 4,554 4,703 4,715 4,724 22.7 22.8 22.8 22.9

Mining and logging............................... 74 76 76 75 13.6 13.1 13.0 12.9

Construction....................................... 983 1,037 1,044 1,048 13.4 13.8 13.9 13.9

Manufacturing..................................... 3,497 3,590 3,595 3,601 28.7 28.7 28.7 28.7

Durable goods.................................. 1,849 1,906 1,907 1,913 24.4 24.5 24.4 24.5

Nondurable goods............................. 1,648 1,684 1,688 1,688 35.7 35.6 35.6 35.6

Private service-providing........................... 53,921 56,547 56,675 56,828 53.3 53.4 53.3 53.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............. 10,686 11,104 11,115 11,185 39.2 39.5 39.5 39.5

Wholesale trade................................ 1,676.1 1,728.0 1,734.2 1,737.0 29.9 30.2 30.2 30.1

Retail trade..................................... 7,382.9 7,597.2 7,595.7 7,640.7 48.4 48.8 48.7 48.8

Transportation and warehousing............. 1,492.6 1,643.7 1,649.8 1,672.4 25.4 26.3 26.3 26.4

Utilities........................................... 134.4 135.4 135.0 134.9 24.8 25.1 25.1 25.1

Information......................................... 1,098 1,150 1,154 1,155 40.0 39.6 39.6 39.4

Financial activities................................ 4,933 4,946 4,955 4,958 56.5 55.9 55.9 55.9

Professional and business services............ 9,545 10,072 10,110 10,141 45.9 46.4 46.3 46.3

Education and health services.................. 18,001 18,405 18,396 18,379 77.0 77.1 76.9 76.7

Leisure and hospitality........................... 6,840 7,918 7,971 8,023 53.1 53.1 52.9 52.7

Other services..................................... 2,818 2,952 2,974 2,987 52.9 52.9 53.1 53.1

Government............................................. 12,536 12,787 12,818 12,844 57.5 57.8 57.9 58.0

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Total private............................................................................... 98,703 103,155 103,515 103,798

Goods-producing....................................................................... 14,316 14,729 14,777 14,784

Mining and logging.................................................................. 392 435 440 434

Construction.......................................................................... 5,467 5,563 5,573 5,567

Manufacturing........................................................................ 8,457 8,731 8,764 8,783

Durable goods..................................................................... 5,148 5,352 5,379 5,393

Nondurable goods................................................................ 3,309 3,379 3,385 3,390

Private service-providing.............................................................. 84,387 88,426 88,738 89,014

Trade, transportation, and utilities................................................. 23,033 23,738 23,807 23,875

Wholesale trade................................................................... 4,457.6 4,562.2 4,578.5 4,593.3

Retail trade........................................................................ 12,962.2 13,253.3 13,283.6 13,308.9

Transportation and warehousing................................................ 5,182.5 5,493.0 5,515.7 5,544.0

Utilities.............................................................................. 430.2 429.5 429.1 429.2

Information............................................................................ 2,163 2,308 2,315 2,326

Financial activities................................................................... 6,610 6,652 6,670 6,669

Professional and business services............................................... 16,689 17,462 17,485 17,515

Education and health services..................................................... 20,474 20,809 20,833 20,860

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 11,106 12,936 13,086 13,227

Other services........................................................................ 4,312 4,521 4,542 4,542

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 34.4 34.2 34.1 33.9

Goods-producing.................................................................... 41.1 40.9 40.9 40.7

Mining and logging................................................................ 46.5 47.0 46.1 45.3

Construction....................................................................... 39.9 39.7 39.8 39.5

Manufacturing..................................................................... 41.6 41.4 41.3 41.2

Durable goods.................................................................. 41.9 41.5 41.3 41.2

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 41.2 41.4 41.3 41.2

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.3 33.0 33.0 32.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 34.5 34.2 34.1 33.8

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.8 39.1 39.1 39.0

Retail trade...................................................................... 31.0 30.7 30.6 30.2

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.9 38.1 37.7 37.5

Utilities........................................................................... 42.6 41.7 42.2 42.4

Information......................................................................... 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.8

Financial activities................................................................ 37.5 37.3 37.4 37.2

Professional and business services............................................ 36.4 36.4 36.3 36.3

Education and health services.................................................. 32.9 32.5 32.5 32.4

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 24.6 25.0 24.9 24.6

Other services..................................................................... 31.5 31.4 31.4 31.1

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1

Durable goods....................................................................... 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.1

Nondurable goods................................................................... 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Total private............................................... $25.18 $26.55 $26.75 $26.92 $866.19 $908.01 $912.18 $912.59

Goods-producing....................................... 25.88 26.99 27.15 27.27 1,063.67 1,103.89 1,110.44 1,109.89

Mining and logging.................................. 30.28 31.74 32.13 31.93 1,408.02 1,491.78 1,481.19 1,446.43

Construction.......................................... 29.71 31.04 31.23 31.44 1,185.43 1,232.29 1,242.95 1,241.88

Manufacturing........................................ 23.27 24.24 24.37 24.48 968.03 1,003.54 1,006.48 1,008.58

Durable goods.................................... 24.30 25.32 25.47 25.62 1,018.17 1,050.78 1,051.91 1,055.54

Nondurable goods................................ 21.65 22.53 22.61 22.65 891.98 932.74 933.79 933.18

Private service-providing.............................. 25.03 26.46 26.67 26.85 833.50 873.18 880.11 880.68

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 21.75 23.05 23.23 23.28 750.38 788.31 792.14 786.86

Wholesale trade.................................. 27.27 28.26 28.47 28.46 1,058.08 1,104.97 1,113.18 1,109.94

Retail trade........................................ 17.97 18.99 19.15 19.24 557.07 582.99 585.99 581.05

Transportation and warehousing............... 22.96 25.03 25.12 25.05 893.14 953.64 947.02 939.38

Utilities............................................. 39.16 40.38 41.19 41.24 1,668.22 1,683.85 1,738.22 1,748.58

Information........................................... 36.66 36.87 37.21 38.51 1,338.09 1,345.76 1,358.17 1,417.17

Financial activities................................... 29.90 30.90 30.99 31.15 1,121.25 1,152.57 1,159.03 1,158.78

Professional and business services.............. 29.65 31.46 31.69 31.98 1,079.26 1,145.14 1,150.35 1,160.87

Education and health services..................... 26.12 27.97 28.26 28.44 859.35 909.03 918.45 921.46

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 14.85 16.95 17.15 17.08 365.31 423.75 427.04 420.17

Other services....................................... 22.98 24.19 24.30 24.43 723.87 759.57 763.02 759.77

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Percent

change

from:

Dec.

2021 -

Jan.

2022p

Jan.

2021

Nov.

2021

Dec.

2021p

Jan.

2022p

Percent

change

from:

Dec.

2021 -

Jan.

2022p

Total private..................................... 113.1 117.6 117.6 117.3 -0.3 190.4 208.6 210.3 211.0 0.3

Goods-producing............................. 89.9 92.1 92.4 91.9 -0.5 142.5 152.1 153.5 153.5 0.0

Mining and logging........................ 96.9 108.6 107.8 104.5 -3.1 170.6 200.6 201.4 194.0 -3.7

Construction................................ 109.2 110.6 111.1 110.1 -0.9 175.2 185.3 187.3 186.9 -0.2

Manufacturing.............................. 80.8 83.0 83.1 83.1 0.0 122.9 131.5 132.4 133.0 0.5

Durable goods........................... 81.0 83.4 83.5 83.5 0.0 122.9 131.9 132.7 133.5 0.6

Nondurable goods...................... 80.3 82.4 82.4 82.3 -0.1 122.9 131.2 131.6 131.7 0.1

Private service-providing.................... 119.7 124.3 124.8 124.4 -0.3 205.6 225.6 228.2 229.1 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 111.1 113.5 113.5 112.9 -0.5 172.7 187.0 188.5 187.7 -0.4

Wholesale trade......................... 102.6 105.9 106.2 106.3 0.1 165.2 176.6 178.5 178.6 0.1

Retail trade.............................. 101.7 103.0 102.9 101.7 -1.2 156.6 167.6 168.8 167.7 -0.7

Transportation and warehousing...... 152.6 158.4 157.4 157.3 -0.1 223.0 252.3 251.6 250.9 -0.3

Utilities.................................... 93.7 91.6 92.6 93.1 0.5 153.2 154.4 159.2 160.2 0.6

Information................................. 90.1 96.2 96.4 97.7 1.3 163.5 175.5 177.7 186.3 4.8

Financial activities......................... 116.7 116.8 117.4 116.8 -0.5 214.6 222.0 223.8 223.8 0.0

Professional and business services..... 135.8 142.1 141.9 142.2 0.2 239.5 265.9 267.4 270.3 1.1

Education and health services........... 143.6 144.2 144.4 144.1 -0.2 247.6 266.2 269.3 270.5 0.4

Leisure and hospitality.................... 100.1 118.5 119.4 119.2 -0.2 168.8 228.0 232.5 231.2 -0.6

Other services............................. 95.3 99.6 100.0 99.1 -0.9 159.5 175.5 177.1 176.3 -0.5

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2021 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.