For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, January 4, 2023 USDL-23-0001 

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – NOVEMBER 2022 

The number of job openings was little changed at 10.5 million on the last business day of November, the 

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the month, the number of hires and total 

separations changed little at 6.1 million and 5.9 million, respectively. Within separations, quits 

(4.2 million) and layoffs and discharges (1.4 million) changed little. This release includes estimates of 

the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the total nonfarm sector, by industry, and 

by establishment size class. 

Job Openings

On the last business day of November, the number of job openings changed little at 10.5 million. The 

rate was unchanged at 6.4 percent but was 0.9 percentage points lower than its peak in March 2022. In 

November, job openings increased in professional and business services (+212,000) and in nondurable 

goods manufacturing (+39,000). The number of job openings decreased in finance and insurance 

(-75,000) and in federal government (-44,000). (See table 1.)

Hires

In November, the number and rate of hires changed little at 6.1 million and 3.9 percent, respectively. 

Hires increased in health care and social assistance (+74,000). (See table 2.) 

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 

voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 

workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 

by the employer. Other separations includes separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 

to other locations of the same firm.

 3.0

 3.4

 3.8

 4.2

 4.6

 5.0

 5.4

 5.8

 6.2

 6.6

 7.0

 7.4

Nov-19 May-20 Nov-20 May-21 Nov-21 May-22 Nov-22

Percent

Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted,

November 2019 - November 2022

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

Nov-19 May-20 Nov-20 May-21 Nov-21 May-22 Nov-22

Hires

Separations

Percent

Chart 2. Hires and total separations rates, seasonally adjusted,

November 2019 - November 2022
- 2 -

In November, the number of total separations changed little at 5.9 million, and the rate held at 3.8

percent. The number of total separations increased in health care and social assistance (+99,000) and in 

transportation, warehousing, and utilities (+76,000). (See table 3.)

In November, the number and rate of quits were little changed at 4.2 million and 2.7 percent, 

respectively. Quits increased in health care and social assistance (+82,000); transportation, warehousing, 

and utilities (+73,000); and information (+19,000). (See table 4.)

In November, the number of layoffs and discharges changed little at 1.4 million, and the rate remained

at 0.9 percent. Layoffs and discharges increased in finance and insurance (+19,000). (See table 5.)

The number of other separations increased in November to 347,000 (+83,000). Other separations

increased in professional and business services (+49,000). (See table 6.)

Establishment Size Class

In November, the total separations rate increased in establishments with 50 to 249 employees. The quits

rate increased in establishments with 1 to 9 employees. For a more in-depth description of the JOLTS 

establishment size class estimates, please visit www.bls.gov/jlt/sizeclassmethodology.htm.

____________

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for December 2022 are scheduled to be 

released on Wednesday, February 1, 2023, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).

Upcoming Changes to the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey Data

Effective with the release of January 2023 data on March 8, 2023, the Job Openings and Labor Turnover 

Survey (JOLTS) estimates will be revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment 

Statistics employment data and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors. Not seasonally adjusted data and 

seasonally adjusted data from January 2018 forward are subject to revision. In accordance with annual 

practice, additional historical data may be revised as a result of the benchmark process. Also effective

with this release, JOLTS is adopting the 2022 version of the North American Industry Classification 

System (NAICS), which has a minimal impact on the published JOLTS data series. For more 

information on the 2022 NAICS, visit www.census.gov/naics.

Also effective with the release of January data, JOLTS will begin publishing two new tables presenting 

annual average job openings levels and rates. (Annual estimates of levels and rates are published each 

year with January data.) In addition, JOLTS will modify its method for calculating annual estimates for 

hires and separations rates. Annual rates will be computed as annual averages, instead of annual totals,

to make the estimates more helpful for data users and to be consistent with other Bureau of Labor 

Statistics programs.

JOLTS will introduce several changes to the monthly news release tables beginning with the news 

release for January data. Two tables displaying JOLTS data by size class will be added to the news 

release: one for seasonally adjusted estimates and the other for not seasonally adjusted estimates. JOLTS 

will also introduce over-the-month change columns for levels and rates to tables 1 through 6. To 

accommodate the new tables, tables starting with table 7 will be renumbered.

Additional information about these changes, including the annual average calculation method and 

sample table shells for all news release tables, is available at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts-2023-changes.htm.
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY

(in thousands)

Total................................................... 10,922 10,512 10,458 6,705 6,111 6,055 6,197 5,756 5,870

Total private....................................... 9,935 9,528 9,501 6,305 5,719 5,645 5,810 5,385 5,503

Mining and logging............................. 35 46 40 19 21 20 15 18 19

Construction.................................... 366 390 388 428 337 309 374 318 286

Manufacturing.................................. 806 722 779 465 434 402 418 388 393

Durable goods............................... 499 480 498 256 230 212 243 200 207

Nondurable goods........................... 307 242 281 209 204 191 175 187 186

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 1,913 1,647 1,638 1,406 1,252 1,259 1,338 1,221 1,287

Wholesale trade............................. 318 285 261 194 159 178 167 147 165

Retail trade................................... 1,036 850 887 905 748 724 899 769 741

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities...................................... 559 512 490 307 345 357 272 305 381

Information...................................... 193 221 211 114 100 120 93 78 97

Financial activities.............................. 492 604 514 233 210 234 201 208 233

Finance and insurance..................... 372 419 344 153 136 147 140 134 158

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . .. 119 185 170 81 74 87 61 74 75

Professional and business services......... 1,904 1,814 2,026 1,295 1,159 1,102 1,227 1,108 1,128

Education and health services............... 2,125 2,159 2,090 867 801 869 857 733 821

Educational services........................ 205 159 153 109 97 91 90 90 79

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 1,920 1,999 1,937 758 704 778 767 643 742

Leisure and hospitality........................ 1,666 1,637 1,519 1,216 1,178 1,121 1,072 1,086 1,063

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 196 209 180 162 151 166 132 143 150

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 1,470 1,428 1,339 1,054 1,027 955 939 943 913

Other services.................................. 435 289 295 262 227 209 215 228 177

Government....................................... 987 984 957 400 391 410 387 371 367

Federal.......................................... 151 120 76 45 43 39 41 40 41

State and local................................. 836 864 881 355 348 371 345 331 326

State and local education.................. 329 327 336 197 177 182 172 167 159

State and local, excluding education. . . .. 507 537 545 158 171 189 173 164 167

RATES BY INDUSTRY

(percent)

Total................................................... 6.8 6.4 6.4 4.5 4.0 3.9 4.2 3.8 3.8

Total private....................................... 7.3 6.8 6.8 5.0 4.4 4.3 4.6 4.1 4.2

Mining and logging............................. 5.6 6.8 5.9 3.3 3.3 3.2 2.6 2.9 3.0

Construction.................................... 4.7 4.8 4.8 5.7 4.4 4.0 5.0 4.1 3.7

Manufacturing.................................. 6.0 5.3 5.7 3.7 3.4 3.1 3.3 3.0 3.0

Durable goods............................... 6.0 5.6 5.8 3.3 2.9 2.6 3.1 2.5 2.6

Nondurable goods........................... 6.1 4.7 5.4 4.4 4.2 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 6.4 5.4 5.4 5.0 4.4 4.4 4.8 4.2 4.5

Wholesale trade............................. 5.3 4.6 4.2 3.4 2.7 3.0 2.9 2.5 2.8

Retail trade................................... 6.2 5.1 5.3 5.8 4.7 4.6 5.8 4.9 4.7

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities...................................... 7.6 6.8 6.5 4.5 4.9 5.1 4.0 4.3 5.4

Information...................................... 6.2 6.8 6.4 3.9 3.3 3.9 3.2 2.6 3.2

Financial activities.............................. 5.3 6.3 5.4 2.6 2.3 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.6

Finance and insurance..................... 5.4 6.0 4.9 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.4

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . .. 4.9 7.3 6.7 3.5 3.1 3.6 2.7 3.1 3.1

Professional and business services......... 8.1 7.5 8.3 6.0 5.2 4.9 5.6 4.9 5.0

Education and health services............... 8.2 8.0 7.8 3.6 3.2 3.5 3.6 3.0 3.3

Educational services........................ 5.3 4.0 3.8 3.0 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.1

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 8.7 8.7 8.5 3.8 3.4 3.7 3.8 3.1 3.5

Leisure and hospitality........................ 10.0 9.3 8.7 8.2 7.4 7.0 7.2 6.8 6.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 8.3 8.2 7.2 7.5 6.5 7.1 6.1 6.1 6.4

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 10.3 9.5 8.9 8.3 7.6 7.0 7.4 6.9 6.7

Other services.................................. 7.2 4.8 4.9 4.7 4.0 3.6 3.9 4.0 3.1

See footnotes at end of table.

1
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Government....................................... 4.3 4.2 4.1 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6

Federal.......................................... 5.0 4.0 2.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

State and local................................. 4.2 4.2 4.3 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7

State and local education.................. 3.1 3.1 3.1 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5

State and local, excluding education. . . .. 5.3 5.6 5.6 1.8 1.9 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.8

p Preliminary

2
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

JOLTS program provides information on labor 

demand and turnover. Additional information about 

the JOLTS program can be found at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job 

openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other 

separations, and total separations. The JOLTS 

program covers all private nonfarm establishments, 

as well as civilian federal, state, and local 

government entities in the 50 states and the District 

of Columbia. Industries are classified in accordance 

with the North American Industry Classification 

System. 

Definitions 

Employment. Employment includes persons on 

the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay 

period that includes the 12th day of the reference 

month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, 

seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are 

included, as are employees on paid vacation or other 

paid leave. Proprietors or partners of unincorporated 

businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on 

strike for the entire pay period, and employees on 

leave without pay for the entire pay period are not 

counted as employed. Employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where 

they are working. JOLTS does not publish 

employment estimates but uses the reported 

employment for validation of the other reported data 

elements. 

Job Openings. Job openings include all 

positions that are open on the last business day of the 

reference month. A job is open only if it meets all 

three of these conditions: 

 A specific position exists and there is work

available for that position. The position can

be full-time or part-time, and it can be

permanent, short-term, or seasonal.

 The job could start within 30 days, whether

or not the employer can find a suitable

candidate during that time.

 The employer is actively recruiting workers

from outside the establishment to fill the

position. Active recruiting means that the

establishment is taking steps to fill a 

position. It may include advertising in 

newspapers, on television, or on the radio; 

posting Internet notices, posting “help 

wanted” signs, networking or making 

“word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting 

applications; interviewing candidates; 

contacting employment agencies; or 

soliciting employees at job fairs, state or 

local employment offices, or similar 

sources. 

Excluded are positions open only to internal 

transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from 

layoffs. Also excluded are openings for positions 

with start dates more than 30 days in the future, 

positions for which employees have been hired but 

the employees have not yet reported for work, and 

positions to be filled by employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 

computed by dividing the number of job openings by 

the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll 

during the entire reference month, including newly 

hired and rehired employees; full-time and part-time 

employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal 

employees; employees who were recalled to a job at 

the location following a layoff (formal suspension 

from pay status) lasting more than 7 days; on-call or 

intermittent employees who returned to work after 

having been formally separated; workers who were 

hired and separated during the month, and transfers 

from other locations. Excluded are transfers or 

promotions within the reporting location, employees 

returning from strike, employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is 

computed by dividing the number of hires by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Separations. Separations include all separations 

from the payroll during the entire reference month 

and is reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs 

and discharges, and other separations. Quits include 

employees who left voluntarily with the exception of 

retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs 

and discharges includes involuntary separations 

initiated by the employer including layoffs with no 

intent to rehire; layoffs (formal suspensions from pay 

status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; 
discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or 

closings; firings or other discharges for cause; 

terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 

and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or 

not they are expected to return the next season). 

Other separations include retirements, transfers to 

other locations, separations due to employee 

disability; and deaths. Excluded from separations are 

transfers within the same location; employees on 

strike; employees of temporary help agencies, 

employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or 

consultants. The separations rate is computed by 

dividing the number of separations by employment 

and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, 

layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are 

computed similarly. 

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random 

sample of 20,700 nonfarm business and government 

establishments. The sample is stratified by 

ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment 

size class. The establishments are drawn from a 

universe of over 9.4 million establishments compiled 

by the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages 

(QCEW) program which includes all employers 

subject to state unemployment insurance laws and 

federal agencies subject to the Unemployment 

Compensation for Federal Employees program. 

Employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio 

adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment 

estimates of the Current Employment Statistics 

(CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment 

is used to adjust the levels for all other JOLTS data 

elements. 

Birth/death model. The time lag from the start 

up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance 

on the sampling frame is approximately one year. 

Also within the first year, new businesses may go out 

of business, referred to as a death. Because not all 

births and deaths of establishments can be reflected 

on the sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS 

sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and 

separations from them during their early existence. 

BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses 

establishment birth and death activity from previous 

years. The estimates of job openings, hires, and 

separations produced by the birth/death model are 

added to the sample-based estimates produced from 

the survey to arrive at the estimates for job openings, 

hires, and separations. 

Alignment. The JOLTS figure for hires minus 

separations can be used to derive a measure of net 

employment change. This change should be 

comparable to the net employment change from the 

much larger CES survey. However, definitional 

differences as well as sampling and nonsampling 

errors between the two surveys historically caused 

JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the 

divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

monthly alignment method. There are four steps to 

this method: seasonally adjust, align, back out the 

seasonal adjustment factors, and seasonally adjust 

again. 

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses X-13 ARIMA 

for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal 

adjustment methodology is used in which new 

seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each 

month, using all relevant data up to and including 

current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors 

at the beginning and end of the series and to detect 

and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally 

adjusted CES employment trends are applied to the 

seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment 

trends (hires minus separations) forcing them to be 

approximately the same, while preserving the 

seasonality of the JOLTS data. 

Annual estimates. The JOLTS estimates are 

revised annually to reflect annual updates to the CES 

employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal 

adjustment factors. The JOLTS employment levels 

are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and 

the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data 

elements. The seasonally adjusted data are 

recalculated for the most recent 5 years in order to 

reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors. These 

annual updates result in revisions to both the 

seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted 

JOLTS data series, for the period since the last 

benchmark was established. 

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and 

discharges, other separations, and total separations 

are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. 

Annual rates are computed by dividing the annual 

level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) 
annual average employment level, and multiplying 

that quotient by 100. This figure will be 

approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly 

rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates 

are published only for not seasonally adjusted data 

and are released with the January news release each 

year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job 

openings because job openings are a stock, or pointin-time, measurement for the last business day of 

each month. 

Reliability of the estimates 

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling 

and nonsampling error. Nonsampling error occurs 

when a sample is surveyed rather than the entire 

population. There is a chance that the sample 

estimates may differ from the true population values 

they represent. The difference, or sampling error, 

varies depending on the particular sample selected. 

This variability is measured by the standard error of 

the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at 

the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that 

there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no 

more than 1.6 standard errors from the true 

population value because of sampling error. 

Sampling error estimates are available at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by 

nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for 

many reasons including: the failure to include a 

segment of the population; the inability to obtain data 

from all units in the sample; the inability or 

unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 

timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors 

made in the collection or processing of the data; and 

errors from the employment benchmark data used in 

estimation. 

Other information 

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech

disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access

telecommunications relay services.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Nov.

2021

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Nov.

2021

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Total............................................... 10,922 11,170 10,280 10,687 10,512 10,458 6.8 6.8 6.3 6.5 6.4 6.4

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 9,935 10,065 9,240 9,627 9,528 9,501 7.3 7.2 6.6 6.9 6.8 6.8

Mining and logging......................... 35 35 24 29 46 40 5.6 5.3 3.7 4.4 6.8 5.9

Construction................................ 366 353 386 423 390 388 4.7 4.4 4.8 5.2 4.8 4.8

Manufacturing.............................. 806 910 846 835 722 779 6.0 6.6 6.2 6.1 5.3 5.7

Durable goods........................... 499 530 514 490 480 498 6.0 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.6 5.8

Nondurable goods....................... 307 380 332 346 242 281 6.1 7.2 6.4 6.6 4.7 5.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,913 1,778 1,576 1,620 1,647 1,638 6.4 5.8 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.4

Wholesale trade......................... 318 278 342 243 285 261 5.3 4.5 5.5 4.0 4.6 4.2

Retail trade............................... 1,036 946 792 855 850 887 6.2 5.6 4.8 5.1 5.1 5.3

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 559 554 442 521 512 490 7.6 7.3 5.9 6.9 6.8 6.5

Information.................................. 193 222 201 218 221 211 6.2 6.8 6.2 6.7 6.8 6.4

Financial activities......................... 492 641 557 472 604 514 5.3 6.7 5.8 5.0 6.3 5.4

Finance and insurance................. 372 474 363 282 419 344 5.4 6.7 5.2 4.1 6.0 4.9

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 119 167 194 190 185 170 4.9 6.6 7.6 7.4 7.3 6.7

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,904 1,991 1,812 1,940 1,814 2,026 8.1 8.2 7.5 8.0 7.5 8.3

Education and health services........... 2,125 2,165 2,168 2,277 2,159 2,090 8.2 8.1 8.1 8.5 8.0 7.8

Educational services.................... 205 207 187 194 159 153 5.3 5.1 4.6 4.8 4.0 3.8

Health care and social assistance. . .. 1,920 1,958 1,981 2,083 1,999 1,937 8.7 8.7 8.7 9.1 8.7 8.5

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,666 1,516 1,397 1,578 1,637 1,519 10.0 8.8 8.1 9.1 9.3 8.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 196 203 193 213 209 180 8.3 8.1 7.7 8.4 8.2 7.2

Accommodation and food services. .. 1,470 1,313 1,204 1,365 1,428 1,339 10.3 8.9 8.2 9.2 9.5 8.9

Other services.............................. 435 454 274 234 289 295 7.2 7.4 4.6 3.9 4.8 4.9

Government................................... 987 1,104 1,040 1,060 984 957 4.3 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.2 4.1

Federal...................................... 151 158 139 181 120 76 5.0 5.2 4.6 5.9 4.0 2.6

State and local............................. 836 946 900 880 864 881 4.2 4.7 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.3

State and local education.............. 329 335 331 307 327 336 3.1 3.1 3.1 2.9 3.1 3.1

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 507 611 569 573 537 545 5.3 6.3 5.9 5.9 5.6 5.6

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 1,880 1,776 1,634 1,670 1,661 1,560 6.6 6.1 5.7 5.8 5.7 5.4

South........................................... 4,137 4,322 4,092 4,227 4,150 4,142 7.0 7.1 6.7 6.9 6.8 6.8

Midwest........................................ 2,410 2,487 2,175 2,342 2,177 2,278 7.0 7.0 6.2 6.6 6.1 6.4

West............................................ 2,495 2,584 2,379 2,448 2,524 2,478 6.7 6.8 6.3 6.4 6.6 6.5

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Nov.

2021

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Nov.

2021

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Total............................................... 6,705 6,238 6,334 6,096 6,111 6,055 4.5 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.0 3.9

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 6,305 5,846 5,919 5,716 5,719 5,645 5.0 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.3

Mining and logging......................... 19 25 20 22 21 20 3.3 4.0 3.3 3.5 3.3 3.2

Construction................................ 428 384 349 359 337 309 5.7 5.0 4.5 4.7 4.4 4.0

Manufacturing.............................. 465 428 461 401 434 402 3.7 3.3 3.6 3.1 3.4 3.1

Durable goods........................... 256 240 267 219 230 212 3.3 3.0 3.3 2.7 2.9 2.6

Nondurable goods....................... 209 188 194 183 204 191 4.4 3.9 4.0 3.7 4.2 3.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,406 1,277 1,303 1,236 1,252 1,259 5.0 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.4

Wholesale trade......................... 194 165 164 158 159 178 3.4 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 3.0

Retail trade............................... 905 782 794 756 748 724 5.8 4.9 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.6

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 307 330 345 322 345 357 4.5 4.7 4.9 4.6 4.9 5.1

Information.................................. 114 101 106 102 100 120 3.9 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.9

Financial activities......................... 233 223 233 234 210 234 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.3 2.6

Finance and insurance................. 153 148 158 148 136 147 2.3 2.2 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 81 76 75 86 74 87 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.6 3.1 3.6

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,295 1,258 1,192 1,137 1,159 1,102 6.0 5.6 5.3 5.1 5.2 4.9

Education and health services........... 867 862 878 840 801 869 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.5

Educational services.................... 109 103 105 96 97 91 3.0 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.4

Health care and social assistance. . .. 758 760 773 745 704 778 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.7

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,216 1,071 1,132 1,140 1,178 1,121 8.2 6.8 7.2 7.2 7.4 7.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 162 160 156 158 151 166 7.5 6.9 6.8 6.8 6.5 7.1

Accommodation and food services. .. 1,054 911 976 982 1,027 955 8.3 6.8 7.3 7.3 7.6 7.0

Other services.............................. 262 217 244 244 227 209 4.7 3.8 4.3 4.3 4.0 3.6

Government................................... 400 392 415 380 391 410 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.8

Federal...................................... 45 45 38 43 43 39 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.4

State and local............................. 355 348 377 337 348 371 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.9

State and local education.............. 197 169 185 156 177 182 1.9 1.6 1.8 1.5 1.7 1.7

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 158 179 191 181 171 189 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.1

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 1,001 906 898 893 859 866 3.8 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.2

South........................................... 2,814 2,612 2,618 2,547 2,536 2,536 5.1 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.4

Midwest........................................ 1,380 1,328 1,397 1,268 1,286 1,299 4.3 4.0 4.2 3.8 3.9 3.9

West............................................ 1,510 1,393 1,422 1,388 1,430 1,354 4.4 3.9 4.0 3.9 4.0 3.8

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Nov.

2021

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Nov.

2021

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Total............................................... 6,197 5,794 6,058 5,665 5,756 5,870 4.2 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.8

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 5,810 5,450 5,692 5,270 5,385 5,503 4.6 4.2 4.4 4.0 4.1 4.2

Mining and logging......................... 15 19 21 20 18 19 2.6 3.0 3.3 3.1 2.9 3.0

Construction................................ 374 355 338 343 318 286 5.0 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.1 3.7

Manufacturing.............................. 418 414 417 374 388 393 3.3 3.2 3.2 2.9 3.0 3.0

Durable goods........................... 243 226 231 203 200 207 3.1 2.8 2.9 2.5 2.5 2.6

Nondurable goods....................... 175 188 186 170 187 186 3.7 3.9 3.8 3.5 3.8 3.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,338 1,199 1,319 1,212 1,221 1,287 4.8 4.2 4.6 4.2 4.2 4.5

Wholesale trade......................... 167 153 152 136 147 165 2.9 2.6 2.6 2.3 2.5 2.8

Retail trade............................... 899 743 803 752 769 741 5.8 4.7 5.1 4.8 4.9 4.7

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 272 303 364 324 305 381 4.0 4.3 5.1 4.6 4.3 5.4

Information.................................. 93 90 99 93 78 97 3.2 3.0 3.3 3.0 2.6 3.2

Financial activities......................... 201 206 238 225 208 233 2.3 2.3 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.6

Finance and insurance................. 140 136 159 145 134 158 2.1 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.0 2.4

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 61 70 79 80 74 75 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.1 3.1

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,227 1,220 1,115 1,043 1,108 1,128 5.6 5.5 5.0 4.6 4.9 5.0

Education and health services........... 857 737 777 737 733 821 3.6 3.0 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.3

Educational services.................... 90 80 80 87 90 79 2.4 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.1

Health care and social assistance. . .. 767 657 696 650 643 742 3.8 3.2 3.4 3.1 3.1 3.5

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,072 1,006 1,144 1,032 1,086 1,063 7.2 6.4 7.3 6.5 6.8 6.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 132 159 159 145 143 150 6.1 6.9 6.9 6.2 6.1 6.4

Accommodation and food services. .. 939 847 986 887 943 913 7.4 6.3 7.3 6.6 6.9 6.7

Other services.............................. 215 204 224 193 228 177 3.9 3.6 3.9 3.4 4.0 3.1

Government................................... 387 344 365 395 371 367 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.6

Federal...................................... 41 40 40 43 40 41 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4

State and local............................. 345 304 325 352 331 326 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7

State and local education.............. 172 150 159 169 167 159 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 173 153 166 183 164 167 1.9 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.8

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 922 870 879 789 781 765 3.5 3.2 3.2 2.9 2.9 2.8

South........................................... 2,550 2,447 2,645 2,346 2,454 2,442 4.6 4.3 4.7 4.1 4.3 4.3

Midwest........................................ 1,344 1,208 1,168 1,270 1,233 1,216 4.2 3.7 3.5 3.8 3.7 3.7

West............................................ 1,381 1,268 1,366 1,259 1,288 1,446 4.0 3.6 3.8 3.5 3.6 4.0

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Nov.

2021

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Nov.

2021

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Total............................................... 4,510 4,058 4,184 4,060 4,047 4,173 3.0 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.7

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 4,266 3,850 3,965 3,819 3,817 3,951 3.4 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9 3.0

Mining and logging......................... 10 13 14 14 13 12 1.7 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.1 1.8

Construction................................ 215 210 208 158 158 138 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.0 2.0 1.8

Manufacturing.............................. 307 287 286 250 271 269 2.4 2.2 2.2 1.9 2.1 2.1

Durable goods........................... 185 161 159 135 141 140 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.8 1.7

Nondurable goods....................... 122 127 127 115 130 128 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.7 2.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,024 869 940 908 918 1,000 3.6 3.0 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.5

Wholesale trade......................... 128 90 96 101 98 110 2.2 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.9

Retail trade............................... 710 578 591 588 617 614 4.6 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.9

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 186 200 254 219 203 276 2.7 2.8 3.6 3.1 2.9 3.9

Information.................................. 51 44 56 57 27 46 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.9 0.9 1.5

Financial activities......................... 132 156 149 156 142 142 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6

Finance and insurance................. 85 109 96 95 92 91 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 48 47 53 60 49 51 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.1 2.2

Professional and business services. . . .. 834 776 671 707 709 722 3.8 3.5 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2

Education and health services........... 689 534 580 558 573 648 2.9 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.6

Educational services.................... 63 52 53 53 55 49 1.7 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3

Health care and social assistance. . .. 626 482 527 505 518 600 3.1 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.9

Leisure and hospitality.................... 881 833 912 856 855 861 5.9 5.3 5.8 5.4 5.4 5.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 68 83 75 80 70 79 3.1 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.0 3.4

Accommodation and food services. .. 813 750 837 776 784 782 6.4 5.6 6.2 5.7 5.8 5.7

Other services.............................. 123 127 150 155 151 113 2.2 2.2 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.0

Government................................... 244 208 219 241 230 222 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0

Federal...................................... 23 21 22 21 19 20 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7

State and local............................. 221 187 196 220 211 202 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0

State and local education.............. 102 97 99 107 106 101 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 119 90 97 113 105 101 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 608 581 588 539 512 499 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.8

South........................................... 1,883 1,746 1,890 1,734 1,815 1,789 3.4 3.1 3.3 3.0 3.2 3.1

Midwest........................................ 1,008 831 800 899 838 881 3.1 2.5 2.4 2.7 2.5 2.6

West............................................ 1,010 900 907 888 883 1,004 2.9 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.8

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Nov.

2021

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Nov.

2021

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Total............................................... 1,295 1,390 1,490 1,329 1,445 1,350 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 1,228 1,317 1,405 1,247 1,372 1,280 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0

Mining and logging......................... 4 5 5 5 5 6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 1.0

Construction................................ 150 134 120 173 151 129 2.0 1.7 1.6 2.2 2.0 1.7

Manufacturing.............................. 81 97 97 92 97 100 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8

Durable goods........................... 40 46 51 46 47 52 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Nondurable goods....................... 41 51 46 46 50 48 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 251 268 301 253 260 243 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8

Wholesale trade......................... 36 48 42 24 39 44 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.8

Retail trade............................... 141 139 174 149 131 105 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.7

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 74 81 85 80 90 93 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.3

Information.................................. 31 34 38 31 45 40 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.3

Financial activities......................... 28 30 58 52 59 78 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9

Finance and insurance................. 16 12 35 37 38 57 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.9

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 13 18 23 16 21 21 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.9 0.9

Professional and business services. . . .. 308 364 370 293 347 305 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.4

Education and health services........... 126 158 148 161 135 144 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.6

Educational services.................... 22 23 23 30 28 22 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.6

Health care and social assistance. . .. 105 135 124 131 107 122 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6

Leisure and hospitality.................... 167 162 205 157 205 174 1.1 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 62 75 81 63 71 68 2.9 3.2 3.5 2.7 3.1 2.9

Accommodation and food services. .. 106 87 124 94 133 106 0.8 0.6 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.8

Other services.............................. 81 66 64 30 68 60 1.5 1.2 1.1 0.5 1.2 1.0

Government................................... 67 73 85 82 73 70 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3

Federal...................................... 5 6 7 9 7 7 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

State and local............................. 61 68 78 73 66 63 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3

State and local education.............. 38 30 35 36 33 27 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 24 37 43 38 33 36 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 240 234 222 209 236 214 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8

South........................................... 525 574 598 499 552 532 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.9

Midwest........................................ 244 323 301 318 326 270 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.8

West............................................ 286 259 369 303 331 335 0.8 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Nov.

2021

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Nov.

2021

July

2022

Aug.

2022

Sept.

2022

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Total............................................... 393 346 383 276 264 347 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 317 283 322 204 197 272 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging......................... 1 1 2 1 1 1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2

Construction................................ 9 11 11 12 8 19 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

Manufacturing.............................. 31 30 34 31 20 24 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods........................... 19 19 21 22 12 15 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods....................... 12 11 13 9 8 9 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 64 62 78 51 42 44 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2

Wholesale trade......................... 3 15 14 11 9 11 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Retail trade............................... 48 25 38 15 21 21 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 12 22 26 25 12 12 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2

Information.................................. 11 12 5 5 6 10 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Financial activities......................... 41 20 31 17 7 13 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1

Finance and insurance................. 40 15 28 13 4 11 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 1 5 3 4 3 3 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Professional and business services. . . .. 85 81 75 42 52 101 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4

Education and health services........... 42 45 49 19 25 29 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Educational services.................... 5 5 4 4 7 9 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

Health care and social assistance. . .. 37 40 45 14 18 20 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Leisure and hospitality.................... 23 11 28 18 26 27 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 3 1 3 2 1 3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1

Accommodation and food services. .. 21 10 25 17 25 25 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Other services.............................. 11 11 10 9 9 4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Government................................... 76 62 61 72 67 75 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal...................................... 13 13 11 13 14 14 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5

State and local............................. 63 50 50 59 53 61 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local education.............. 32 23 25 26 28 31 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 30 26 26 33 25 30 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 74 55 69 41 33 53 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2

South........................................... 142 127 157 113 88 121 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

Midwest........................................ 92 54 67 53 70 65 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

West............................................ 85 110 89 69 73 108 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment..

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 10,300 10,958 9,756 6.4 6.6 5.9

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 9,353 10,009 8,846 6.8 7.1 6.3

Mining and logging............................................... 35 47 40 5.6 6.8 5.8

Construction....................................................... 323 401 344 4.1 4.8 4.2

Manufacturing..................................................... 805 729 769 6.0 5.3 5.6

Durable goods.................................................. 499 480 489 6.0 5.6 5.7

Nondurable goods............................................. 307 249 281 6.1 4.8 5.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,799 1,843 1,507 5.9 6.0 4.9

Wholesale trade................................................ 288 303 233 4.8 4.9 3.8

Retail trade..................................................... 957 1,008 796 5.7 6.0 4.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 554 533 478 7.3 7.0 6.2

Information........................................................ 182 229 198 5.9 7.0 6.1

Financial activities................................................ 481 644 483 5.1 6.7 5.1

Finance and insurance........................................ 366 453 326 5.3 6.4 4.7

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 115 191 157 4.7 7.4 6.2

Professional and business services............................ 1,762 1,886 1,895 7.4 7.7 7.7

Education and health services.................................. 2,037 2,271 1,972 7.8 8.3 7.3

Educational services.......................................... 201 163 144 4.9 3.9 3.4

Health care and social assistance........................... 1,835 2,108 1,828 8.3 9.1 8.0

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 1,510 1,656 1,369 9.3 9.4 8.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 159 212 142 7.1 8.4 6.0

Accommodation and food services.......................... 1,352 1,443 1,226 9.6 9.6 8.3

Other services.................................................... 418 304 268 7.0 5.0 4.4

Government.......................................................... 947 949 910 4.0 4.0 3.8

Federal............................................................. 152 112 76 5.0 3.8 2.6

State and local.................................................... 795 837 834 3.9 4.0 4.0

State and local education..................................... 300 308 302 2.7 2.8 2.7

State and local, excluding education........................ 495 528 532 5.2 5.5 5.5

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 1,814 1,738 1,472 6.4 6.0 5.1

South................................................................. 3,877 4,263 3,847 6.5 6.9 6.2

Midwest............................................................... 2,308 2,304 2,169 6.6 6.4 6.1

West.................................................................. 2,300 2,653 2,269 6.2 6.9 5.9

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 6,247 6,516 5,617 4.2 4.2 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 5,928 6,145 5,289 4.6 4.7 4.0

Mining and logging............................................... 17 21 16 2.8 3.3 2.6

Construction....................................................... 336 350 234 4.4 4.4 3.0

Manufacturing..................................................... 405 438 339 3.2 3.4 2.6

Durable goods.................................................. 227 230 181 2.9 2.9 2.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 178 207 159 3.7 4.2 3.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,714 1,534 1,592 6.0 5.3 5.4

Wholesale trade................................................ 157 170 147 2.7 2.9 2.5

Retail trade..................................................... 1,062 864 835 6.7 5.5 5.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 495 500 610 7.0 7.0 8.4

Information........................................................ 104 119 116 3.6 3.9 3.8

Financial activities................................................ 209 228 210 2.4 2.5 2.3

Finance and insurance........................................ 141 147 134 2.2 2.2 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 68 80 76 2.9 3.4 3.2

Professional and business services............................ 1,216 1,222 1,005 5.5 5.4 4.4

Education and health services.................................. 734 871 734 3.0 3.5 2.9

Educational services.......................................... 85 100 61 2.2 2.5 1.5

Health care and social assistance........................... 648 771 673 3.2 3.7 3.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 984 1,136 883 6.7 7.1 5.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 111 123 111 5.4 5.3 5.0

Accommodation and food services.......................... 873 1,013 772 6.9 7.4 5.7

Other services.................................................... 209 227 160 3.8 3.9 2.8

Government.......................................................... 318 371 327 1.4 1.6 1.4

Federal............................................................. 59 48 50 2.0 1.7 1.7

State and local.................................................... 259 323 278 1.3 1.6 1.4

State and local education..................................... 133 172 125 1.2 1.6 1.1

State and local, excluding education........................ 127 151 153 1.4 1.7 1.7

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 891 891 759 3.3 3.2 2.8

South................................................................. 2,595 2,722 2,330 4.6 4.7 4.0

Midwest............................................................... 1,326 1,321 1,244 4.1 4.0 3.7

West.................................................................. 1,435 1,583 1,284 4.1 4.4 3.6

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 5,502 5,804 5,185 3.7 3.8 3.3

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 5,222 5,478 4,923 4.1 4.2 3.7

Mining and logging............................................... 13 20 16 2.2 3.1 2.5

Construction....................................................... 390 356 285 5.1 4.5 3.6

Manufacturing..................................................... 342 385 318 2.7 3.0 2.5

Durable goods.................................................. 187 194 157 2.4 2.4 2.0

Nondurable goods............................................. 155 191 161 3.3 3.9 3.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,246 1,239 1,218 4.3 4.3 4.2

Wholesale trade................................................ 151 156 154 2.6 2.6 2.6

Retail trade..................................................... 837 766 695 5.3 4.8 4.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 258 318 368 3.7 4.5 5.1

Information........................................................ 80 80 85 2.7 2.6 2.8

Financial activities................................................ 172 194 202 1.9 2.2 2.2

Finance and insurance........................................ 120 114 133 1.8 1.7 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 52 80 69 2.2 3.3 2.9

Professional and business services............................ 1,143 1,077 1,025 5.2 4.7 4.5

Education and health services.................................. 678 711 671 2.8 2.8 2.7

Educational services.......................................... 57 70 48 1.5 1.7 1.2

Health care and social assistance........................... 621 641 623 3.1 3.1 3.0

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 957 1,202 948 6.5 7.6 6.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 154 210 174 7.5 9.1 7.8

Accommodation and food services.......................... 803 992 774 6.3 7.3 5.7

Other services.................................................... 200 214 155 3.6 3.7 2.7

Government.......................................................... 280 326 263 1.2 1.4 1.1

Federal............................................................. 38 40 35 1.3 1.4 1.2

State and local.................................................... 242 285 228 1.2 1.4 1.1

State and local education..................................... 95 124 87 0.9 1.2 0.8

State and local, excluding education........................ 147 161 140 1.6 1.8 1.5

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 865 811 702 3.2 3.0 2.6

South................................................................. 2,256 2,434 2,129 4.0 4.2 3.7

Midwest............................................................... 1,212 1,277 1,106 3.7 3.8 3.3

West.................................................................. 1,169 1,283 1,248 3.3 3.6 3.5

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 3,881 4,085 3,568 2.6 2.6 2.3

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 3,692 3,885 3,404 2.9 2.9 2.6

Mining and logging............................................... 8 15 9 1.4 2.3 1.4

Construction....................................................... 193 169 102 2.5 2.1 1.3

Manufacturing..................................................... 238 269 205 1.9 2.1 1.6

Durable goods.................................................. 136 134 101 1.7 1.7 1.3

Nondurable goods............................................. 102 135 104 2.2 2.7 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 945 950 936 3.3 3.3 3.2

Wholesale trade................................................ 114 103 97 2.0 1.7 1.6

Retail trade..................................................... 649 635 573 4.1 4.0 3.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 182 212 265 2.6 3.0 3.7

Information........................................................ 46 29 38 1.6 0.9 1.2

Financial activities................................................ 120 138 127 1.3 1.5 1.4

Finance and insurance........................................ 75 82 76 1.1 1.2 1.1

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 45 56 51 1.9 2.4 2.1

Professional and business services............................ 755 721 640 3.4 3.2 2.8

Education and health services.................................. 544 583 536 2.3 2.3 2.1

Educational services.......................................... 42 47 31 1.1 1.2 0.8

Health care and social assistance........................... 502 536 505 2.5 2.6 2.4

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 744 863 727 5.0 5.4 4.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 55 70 65 2.6 3.0 2.9

Accommodation and food services.......................... 690 793 662 5.4 5.8 4.9

Other services.................................................... 100 149 84 1.8 2.6 1.5

Government.......................................................... 189 200 164 0.8 0.9 0.7

Federal............................................................. 22 18 17 0.8 0.6 0.6

State and local.................................................... 167 183 147 0.8 0.9 0.7

State and local education..................................... 66 84 64 0.6 0.8 0.6

State and local, excluding education........................ 101 98 83 1.1 1.1 0.9

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 540 518 420 2.0 1.9 1.5

South................................................................. 1,656 1,828 1,540 3.0 3.2 2.7

Midwest............................................................... 844 863 761 2.6 2.6 2.3

West.................................................................. 842 877 847 2.4 2.4 2.3

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 1,298 1,480 1,327 0.9 1.0 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 1,252 1,410 1,277 1.0 1.1 1.0

Mining and logging............................................... 4 5 6 0.6 0.8 1.0

Construction....................................................... 190 180 164 2.5 2.3 2.1

Manufacturing..................................................... 79 99 94 0.6 0.8 0.7

Durable goods.................................................. 36 49 45 0.5 0.6 0.6

Nondurable goods............................................. 43 50 48 0.9 1.0 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 241 251 241 0.8 0.9 0.8

Wholesale trade................................................ 34 43 46 0.6 0.7 0.8

Retail trade..................................................... 144 115 103 0.9 0.7 0.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 63 93 91 0.9 1.3 1.3

Information........................................................ 26 47 38 0.9 1.5 1.2

Financial activities................................................ 18 50 64 0.2 0.6 0.7

Finance and insurance........................................ 11 29 50 0.2 0.4 0.7

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 7 21 15 0.3 0.9 0.6

Professional and business services............................ 312 306 292 1.4 1.3 1.3

Education and health services.................................. 102 109 117 0.4 0.4 0.5

Educational services.......................................... 13 18 13 0.3 0.4 0.3

Health care and social assistance........................... 90 91 104 0.4 0.4 0.5

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 189 310 192 1.3 1.9 1.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 96 139 105 4.6 6.0 4.7

Accommodation and food services.......................... 94 171 87 0.7 1.3 0.6

Other services.................................................... 91 54 69 1.6 0.9 1.2

Government.......................................................... 46 70 51 0.2 0.3 0.2

Federal............................................................. 6 8 7 0.2 0.3 0.2

State and local.................................................... 40 62 44 0.2 0.3 0.2

State and local education..................................... 17 21 11 0.2 0.2 0.1

State and local, excluding education........................ 23 41 33 0.3 0.5 0.4

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 272 266 241 1.0 1.0 0.9

South................................................................. 471 526 481 0.8 0.9 0.8

Midwest............................................................... 295 349 295 0.9 1.0 0.9

West.................................................................. 260 340 310 0.7 0.9 0.9

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Nov.

2021

Oct.

2022

Nov.

2022p

Total..................................................................... 323 239 290 0.2 0.2 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 277 184 242 0.2 0.1 0.2

Mining and logging............................................... 1 0 1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Construction....................................................... 8 8 18 0.1 0.1 0.2

Manufacturing..................................................... 25 17 19 0.2 0.1 0.1

Durable goods.................................................. 15 11 11 0.2 0.1 0.1

Nondurable goods............................................. 10 6 9 0.2 0.1 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 61 39 41 0.2 0.1 0.1

Wholesale trade................................................ 3 10 11 0.1 0.2 0.2

Retail trade..................................................... 44 16 19 0.3 0.1 0.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 13 12 11 0.2 0.2 0.2

Information........................................................ 9 5 9 0.3 0.1 0.3

Financial activities................................................ 34 6 11 0.4 0.1 0.1

Finance and insurance........................................ 34 4 8 0.5 0.1 0.1

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 0 2 3 0.0 0.1 0.1

Professional and business services............................ 76 50 93 0.3 0.2 0.4

Education and health services.................................. 32 18 19 0.1 0.1 0.1

Educational services.......................................... 2 5 4 0.1 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance........................... 29 13 14 0.1 0.1 0.1

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 23 29 29 0.2 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 4 1 4 0.2 0.0 0.2

Accommodation and food services.......................... 20 28 25 0.2 0.2 0.2

Other services.................................................... 10 11 3 0.2 0.2 0.0

Government.......................................................... 45 55 48 0.2 0.2 0.2

Federal............................................................. 10 15 11 0.3 0.5 0.4

State and local.................................................... 35 40 37 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local education..................................... 12 19 13 0.1 0.2 0.1

State and local, excluding education........................ 24 22 24 0.3 0.2 0.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 54 28 40 0.2 0.1 0.1

South................................................................. 129 80 107 0.2 0.1 0.2

Midwest............................................................... 73 65 51 0.2 0.2 0.2

West.................................................................. 67 66 91 0.2 0.2 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.