Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-17-1616 

8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, December 8, 2017

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — NOVEMBER 2017

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 228,000 in November, and the unemployment rate

was unchanged at 4.1 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment 

continued to trend up in professional and business services, manufacturing, and health care. 

Household Survey Data

The unemployment rate held at 4.1 percent in November, and the number of unemployed persons was 

essentially unchanged at 6.6 million. Over the year, the unemployment rate and the number of 

unemployed persons were down by 0.5 percentage point and 799,000, respectively. (See table A-1.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for teenagers increased to 15.9 percent in 

November. The jobless rates for adult men (3.7 percent), adult women (3.7 percent), Whites (3.6 

percent), Blacks (7.3 percent), Asians (3.0 percent), and Hispanics (4.7 percent) showed little change. 

(See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month change, 

seasonally adjusted, November 2015 – November 2017

Percent Thousands

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

Nov-15 Feb-16 May-16 Aug-16 Nov-16 Feb-17 May-17 Aug-17 Nov-17

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

November 2015 – November 2017

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

Nov-15 Feb-16 May-16 Aug-16 Nov-16 Feb-17 May-17 Aug-17 Nov-17
-2- 

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was essentially unchanged 

at 1.6 million in November and accounted for 23.8 percent of the unemployed. Over the year, the 

number of long-term unemployed was down by 275,000. (See table A-12.) 

The labor force participation rate remained at 62.7 percent in November and has shown no clear trend 

over the past 12 months. The employment-population ratio, at 60.1 percent, changed little in 

November and has shown little movement, on net, since early this year. (See table A-1.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as 

involuntary part-time workers), at 4.8 million, was essentially unchanged in November but was down by 

858,000 over the year. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were 

working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find full-time 

jobs. (See table A-8.) 

In November, 1.5 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, down by 451,000 from 

a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, 

wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They 

were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the 

survey. (See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 469,000 discouraged workers in November, down by 

122,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not 

currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.0 

million persons marginally attached to the labor force in November had not searched for work for 

reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 228,000 in November. Employment continued to 

trend up in professional and business services, manufacturing, and health care. Employment growth has 

averaged 174,000 per month thus far this year, compared with an average monthly gain of 187,000 in 

2016. (See table B-1.) 

Employment in professional and business services continued on an upward trend in November 

(+46,000). Over the past 12 months, the industry has added 548,000 jobs. 

In November, manufacturing added 31,000 jobs. Within the industry, employment rose in machinery 

(+8,000), fabricated metal products (+7,000), computer and electronic products (+4,000), and plastics 

and rubber products (+4,000). Since a recent low in November 2016, manufacturing employment has 

increased by 189,000. 

Health care added 30,000 jobs in November. Most of the gain occurred in ambulatory health care 

services (+25,000), which includes offices of physicians and outpatient care centers. Monthly 

employment growth in health care has averaged 24,000 thus far in 2017, compared with an average 

increase of 32,000 per month in 2016. 

Within construction, employment among specialty trade contractors increased by 23,000 in November 

and by 132,000 over the year. 
-3- 

Employment in other major industries, including mining, wholesale trade, retail trade, transportation 

and warehousing, information, financial activities, leisure and hospitality, and government, 

changed little over the month. 

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 hour to 34.5 

hours in November. In manufacturing, the workweek was unchanged at 40.9 hours, and overtime 

remained at 3.5 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on 

private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.7 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

In November, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 5 cents 

to $26.55. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 64 cents, or 2.5 percent. Average hourly 

earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees rose by 5 cents to $22.24 in 

November. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for September was revised up from +18,000 to 

+38,000, and the change for October was revised down from +261,000 to +244,000. With these 

revisions, employment gains in September and October combined were 3,000 more than previously 

reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional reports received from businesses and government 

agencies since the last published estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.) After 

revisions, job gains have averaged 170,000 over the last 3 months. 

_____________ 

The Employment Situation for December is scheduled to be released on Friday, January 5, 2018, 

at 8:30 a.m. (EST). 

Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data 

In accordance with usual practice, The Employment Situation news release for December 2017, 

scheduled for January 5, 2018, will incorporate annual revisions in seasonally adjusted 

household survey data. Seasonally adjusted data for the most recent 5 years are subject to 

revision. 

Conversion to the 2017 North American Industry Classification System 

With the release of January 2018 data on February 2, 2018, the establishment survey will revise 

the basis for industry classification from the 2012 North American Industry Classification 

System (NAICS) to 2017 NAICS. The conversion to 2017 NAICS will result in minor 

revisions reflecting content changes within the mining and logging, retail trade, information, 

financial activities, and professional and business services sectors. Additionally, some smaller 

industries will be combined within the mining and logging, durable goods manufacturing, retail 

trade, and information sectors. Several industry titles and descriptions also will be updated. 
-4- 

Approximately 4 percent of employment will be reclassified into different industries as a result 

of the revision. Details of new, discontinued, and combined industries due to the 2017 NAICS 

update, as well as changes due to the annual benchmarking process, will be available on 

January 5, 2018. 

For more information on the 2017 NAICS update, visit www.census.gov/eos/www/naics/. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Change from:

Oct. 2017-

Nov. 2017

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population........................................... 254,540 255,562 255,766 255,949 183

Civilian labor force........................................................... 159,456 161,146 160,381 160,529 148

Participation rate.......................................................... 62.6 63.1 62.7 62.7 0.0

Employed................................................................... 152,048 154,345 153,861 153,918 57

Employment-population ratio.......................................... 59.7 60.4 60.2 60.1 -0.1

Unemployed............................................................... 7,409 6,801 6,520 6,610 90

Unemployment rate.................................................... 4.6 4.2 4.1 4.1 0.0

Not in labor force............................................................ 95,084 94,417 95,385 95,420 35

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over...................................................... 4.6 4.2 4.1 4.1 0.0

Adult men (20 years and over)............................................ 4.3 3.9 3.8 3.7 -0.1

Adult women (20 years and over)......................................... 4.2 3.9 3.6 3.7 0.1

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................ 15.2 12.9 13.7 15.9 2.2

White.......................................................................... 4.2 3.7 3.5 3.6 0.1

Black or African American.................................................. 8.0 7.0 7.5 7.3 -0.2

Asian.......................................................................... 3.0 3.7 3.1 3.0 -0.1

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................. 5.7 5.1 4.8 4.7 -0.1

Total, 25 years and over...................................................... 3.9 3.5 3.3 3.3 0.0

Less than a high school diploma.......................................... 7.9 6.5 5.7 5.2 -0.5

High school graduates, no college........................................ 4.9 4.3 4.3 4.3 0.0

Some college or associate degree........................................ 3.9 3.6 3.7 3.6 -0.1

Bachelor’s degree and higher.............................................. 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.1 0.1

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs.................. 3,542 3,359 3,227 3,159 -68

Job leavers...................................................................... 934 738 742 751 9

Reentrants....................................................................... 2,266 2,079 2,006 2,029 23

New entrants.................................................................... 728 669 629 691 62

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks............................................................. 2,415 2,226 2,129 2,250 121

5 to 14 weeks................................................................... 2,133 1,874 1,942 1,878 -64

15 to 26 weeks................................................................. 1,073 963 853 927 74

27 weeks and over............................................................. 1,856 1,733 1,621 1,581 -40

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons.............................................. 5,659 5,122 4,753 4,801 48

Slack work or business conditions........................................ 3,485 3,121 2,952 2,983 31

Could only find part-time work............................................. 1,902 1,733 1,629 1,559 -70

Part time for noneconomic reasons.......................................... 21,059 21,011 20,923 21,018 95

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force....................................... 1,932 1,569 1,535 1,481 –

Discouraged workers........................................................ 591 421 524 469 –

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will

not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 38 244 228

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 50 247 221

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 26 34 62

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4 1 7

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 13 10 24

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 9 23 31

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 6 13 27

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 -3.1 -0.8 1.7

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -3 3 10 4

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 24 213 159

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6 7.3 8.0 3.4

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -12.9 11.7 -2.2 18.7

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.8 18.3 7.6 10.5

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 0.6 0.1 -0.2

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -12 -5 -8 -4

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 12 7 8

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 30 54 46

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.5 10.1 17.9 18.3

Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 23 24 54

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.2 8.3 34.6 40.5

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 -75 104 14

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1 18 9

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -14 -12 -3 7

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 128 163 170

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 122 160 173

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.6 49.5 49.5 49.5

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.2 48.1 48.1 48.1

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.3 82.4 82.4 82.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 34.4 34.4 34.5

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $25.91 $26.53 $26.50 $26.55

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $888.71 $912.63 $911.60 $915.98

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105.8 107.4 107.7 108.2

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.5

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131.0 136.3 136.4 137.3

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.2 0.5 0.1 0.7

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private (261 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.5 60.9 65.1 63.0

Manufacturing (78 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.7 59.0 62.2 59.0

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the

service-providing industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate

hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal

balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of 

employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series 

has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household 

survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 

100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically 

significant change in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a 

more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers 

whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private 

household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also 

provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences 

between the two surveys, please visit https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm. 

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, 

it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does 

not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which 

identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the 

foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The 

Employment Situation news release. 

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

https://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax 

records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more 

information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit 

https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments 

with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the 

reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and 

industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 

 
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net 

employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an 

econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based 

on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census 

of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this 

purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There 

is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and 

availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment 

insurance benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons 

who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the 

unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There 

is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently 

looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, 

including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged 

workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include 

discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each 

month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these 

alternative measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? 

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the 

month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than 

on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including 

pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates 

typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some 

employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, 

while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll 

employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates, 

employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees 

who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll 

employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit 

https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th 

of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as 

employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the 

number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure 

of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 

Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page, 

please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household 

survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES; 

establishment survey). The household survey provides 

information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked 

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 

eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for 

the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm 

payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of 

nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the 

CES program surveys about 147,000 businesses and 

government agencies, representing approximately 634,000 

individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry 

data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on 

nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately 

one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that contains 

the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the 

reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which 

may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force.

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime 

during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. 

Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be 

looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The 

unemployment data derived from the household survey in no 

way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of 

unemployment insurance benefits.

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as 

employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The 

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent 

of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the 

labor force as a percent of the population, and

the employment-population ratio is the employed as a 

percent of the population. Additional information

about the household survey can be found at 

https://www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted 

in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced 

for the private sector for all employees and for production 

and nonsupervisory employees. Production and

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging, 

construction workers in construction, and non-supervisory 

employees in private service-providing industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an 

establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 

2012 version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at https://www.bls.gov/ces/.

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous 

conceptual and methodological differences between the 

household and establishment surveys result in important 

distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the 

surveys. Among these are:

• The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, self-employed workers whose businesses 

are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and 

private household workers among the employed. 

These groups are excluded from the establishment 

survey.

• The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not.

• The household survey is limited to workers 16 years 

of age and older. The establishment survey is not 

limited by age.

• The household survey has no duplication of

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance.
Seasonal adjustment

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and 

the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal 

developments, such as declines in employment or increases 

in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to 

spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number 

of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to 

obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to 

May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic 

activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment 

survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 

20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with 

the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying 

employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal 

employment changes at the end and beginning of the school 

year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make 

underlying employment patterns more discernable. The 

seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with 

which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic 

activity.

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such 

as total payroll employment, employment in most major 

sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed 

by aggregating independently adjusted component series. 

For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the 

adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this 

differs from the unemployment estimate that would be 

obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the 

duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. 

When a sample, rather than the entire population, is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. The 

component of this difference that occurs because samples 

differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its 

variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. 

There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value 

because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment 

survey is on the order of plus or minus 120,000. Suppose the 

estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from 

one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on 

the monthly change would range from -70,000 to +170,000 

(50,000 +/- 120,000). These figures do not mean that the 

sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that 

there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range 

includes values of less than zero, we could not say with 

confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased 

that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment 

rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent 

confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, 

it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm 

employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an 

unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent 

confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment 

as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000, 

and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is 

about +/- 0.2 percentage point.

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such 

as for quarterly and annual averages.

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all respondents 

in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to 

provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made 

by respondents, and errors made in the collection or 

processing of the data.

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for 

the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; 

for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the 

tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly 

estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, 

that the estimate is considered final.

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 

account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from sample-based 
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains 

from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample 

units going out of business, but imputing to them the same 

employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This 

procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death 

employment.

The second component is an ARIMA time series model 

designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment 

not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time 

series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived 

from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level 

database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and 

deaths over the past 5 years.

The sample-based estimates from the establishment

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy 

for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate 

changes in the classification of industries. Over the past 

decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm 

employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from

-0.7 percent to 0.6 percent.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Nov.

2016

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

July

2017

Aug.

2017

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254,540 255,766 255,949 254,540 255,151 255,357 255,562 255,766 255,949

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159,451 160,465 160,466 159,456 160,494 160,571 161,146 160,381 160,529

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.6 62.7 62.7 62.6 62.9 62.9 63.1 62.7 62.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152,385 154,223 154,180 152,048 153,513 153,439 154,345 153,861 153,918

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.9 60.3 60.2 59.7 60.2 60.1 60.4 60.2 60.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,066 6,242 6,286 7,409 6,981 7,132 6,801 6,520 6,610

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 3.9 3.9 4.6 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95,089 95,301 95,483 95,084 94,657 94,785 94,417 95,385 95,420

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,524 4,938 4,877 5,837 5,420 5,844 5,628 5,185 5,238

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,998 123,617 123,707 122,998 123,311 123,413 123,516 123,617 123,707

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,628 85,236 84,943 84,860 84,989 85,137 85,520 85,230 85,170

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.8 69.0 68.7 69.0 68.9 69.0 69.2 68.9 68.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,763 81,875 81,535 80,826 81,273 81,310 81,883 81,659 81,630

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.7 66.2 65.9 65.7 65.9 65.9 66.3 66.1 66.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,865 3,362 3,408 4,034 3,715 3,826 3,636 3,570 3,541

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 3.9 4.0 4.8 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.2 4.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38,370 38,380 38,764 38,139 38,323 38,277 37,996 38,387 38,537

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,506 115,120 115,212 114,506 114,817 114,918 115,020 115,120 115,212

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,751 82,455 82,257 81,817 82,108 82,252 82,569 82,340 82,310

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.4 71.6 71.4 71.5 71.5 71.6 71.8 71.5 71.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,405 79,530 79,349 78,330 78,830 78,847 79,377 79,231 79,277

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.5 69.1 68.9 68.4 68.7 68.6 69.0 68.8 68.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,347 2,925 2,909 3,486 3,278 3,405 3,192 3,109 3,033

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 3.5 3.5 4.3 4.0 4.1 3.9 3.8 3.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,755 32,665 32,954 32,690 32,709 32,666 32,451 32,781 32,902

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131,542 132,149 132,242 131,542 131,840 131,943 132,047 132,149 132,242

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,823 75,228 75,523 74,597 75,505 75,435 75,626 75,152 75,358

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.9 56.9 57.1 56.7 57.3 57.2 57.3 56.9 57.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,622 72,348 72,645 71,222 72,240 72,129 72,461 72,202 72,289

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.4 54.7 54.9 54.1 54.8 54.7 54.9 54.6 54.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,201 2,880 2,877 3,375 3,265 3,306 3,165 2,950 3,069

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 3.8 3.8 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.2 3.9 4.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,719 56,921 56,719 56,945 56,334 56,509 56,421 56,998 56,884

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,285 123,882 123,975 123,285 123,577 123,679 123,781 123,882 123,975

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,109 72,443 72,673 71,737 72,526 72,425 72,569 72,206 72,346

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.5 58.5 58.6 58.2 58.7 58.6 58.6 58.3 58.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,203 69,872 70,163 68,712 69,599 69,500 69,737 69,592 69,700

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.1 56.4 56.6 55.7 56.3 56.2 56.3 56.2 56.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,906 2,571 2,509 3,025 2,927 2,925 2,831 2,615 2,646

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 3.5 3.5 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.6 3.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,176 51,440 51,302 51,548 51,051 51,254 51,212 51,676 51,629

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,749 16,763 16,762 16,749 16,757 16,759 16,761 16,763 16,762

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,591 5,567 5,536 5,903 5,860 5,895 6,008 5,836 5,873

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.4 33.2 33.0 35.2 35.0 35.2 35.8 34.8 35.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,778 4,821 4,668 5,006 5,084 5,092 5,230 5,039 4,942

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.5 28.8 27.8 29.9 30.3 30.4 31.2 30.1 29.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 814 746 868 897 775 803 778 797 931

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.6 13.4 15.7 15.2 13.2 13.6 12.9 13.7 15.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,158 11,196 11,226 10,846 10,898 10,865 10,753 10,928 10,889

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Nov.

2016

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

July

2017

Aug.

2017

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198,745 199,298 199,386 198,745 198,974 199,082 199,191 199,298 199,386

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124,549 124,777 124,966 124,578 124,968 125,037 125,393 124,731 125,020

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.7 62.6 62.7 62.7 62.8 62.8 63.0 62.6 62.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119,680 120,692 120,749 119,370 120,262 120,209 120,753 120,408 120,511

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.2 60.6 60.6 60.1 60.4 60.4 60.6 60.4 60.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,869 4,085 4,217 5,208 4,706 4,828 4,641 4,324 4,509

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9 3.3 3.4 4.2 3.8 3.9 3.7 3.5 3.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,197 74,520 74,420 74,168 74,006 74,046 73,797 74,567 74,366

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,096 65,318 65,297 65,124 65,141 65,262 65,339 65,216 65,327

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.7 71.7 71.6 71.7 71.6 71.7 71.7 71.6 71.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62,716 63,380 63,327 62,608 62,904 62,961 63,143 63,121 63,252

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.0 69.6 69.5 68.9 69.2 69.2 69.3 69.3 69.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,380 1,937 1,971 2,516 2,238 2,301 2,196 2,095 2,075

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7 3.0 3.0 3.9 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.2

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,065 55,149 55,365 54,808 55,393 55,282 55,476 55,009 55,129

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.6 57.5 57.7 57.4 57.9 57.7 57.9 57.4 57.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,168 53,515 53,729 52,783 53,420 53,286 53,551 53,318 53,368

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.6 55.8 56.0 55.2 55.8 55.7 55.9 55.6 55.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,897 1,635 1,635 2,026 1,973 1,996 1,925 1,691 1,761

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 3.0 3.0 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.1 3.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,388 4,310 4,304 4,645 4,433 4,492 4,578 4,506 4,564

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.5 34.9 34.9 37.6 35.9 36.4 37.1 36.5 37.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,796 3,798 3,693 3,979 3,938 3,962 4,058 3,968 3,891

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.7 30.8 29.9 32.2 31.9 32.1 32.9 32.2 31.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593 513 611 666 495 530 520 538 673

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.5 11.9 14.2 14.3 11.2 11.8 11.4 11.9 14.8

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,068 32,370 32,404 32,068 32,260 32,296 32,333 32,370 32,404

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,916 20,264 20,218 19,856 20,096 20,092 20,232 20,144 20,168

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.1 62.6 62.4 61.9 62.3 62.2 62.6 62.2 62.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,361 18,744 18,779 18,262 18,617 18,544 18,819 18,636 18,694

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.3 57.9 58.0 56.9 57.7 57.4 58.2 57.6 57.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,555 1,520 1,439 1,594 1,479 1,548 1,413 1,508 1,474

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8 7.5 7.1 8.0 7.4 7.7 7.0 7.5 7.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,152 12,106 12,186 12,212 12,163 12,204 12,101 12,225 12,236

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,009 9,276 9,210 9,018 9,163 9,205 9,279 9,225 9,221

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.4 68.6 68.0 67.5 68.0 68.2 68.7 68.2 68.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,355 8,580 8,552 8,328 8,522 8,487 8,654 8,530 8,538

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 63.4 63.1 62.3 63.3 62.9 64.1 63.1 63.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655 696 658 691 641 718 625 694 683

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 7.5 7.1 7.7 7.0 7.8 6.7 7.5 7.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,226 10,291 10,310 10,135 10,170 10,127 10,149 10,200 10,210

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.2 63.0 63.1 62.6 62.5 62.1 62.2 62.4 62.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,496 9,609 9,703 9,418 9,511 9,474 9,541 9,542 9,607

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.7 58.8 59.3 58.2 58.4 58.1 58.5 58.4 58.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 730 682 607 716 660 653 608 657 603

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 6.6 5.9 7.1 6.5 6.4 6.0 6.4 5.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 681 697 698 703 763 760 804 720 737

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.0 27.8 27.8 27.9 30.4 30.3 32.0 28.7 29.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510 555 524 516 585 583 624 564 549

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.3 22.1 20.9 20.5 23.3 23.2 24.9 22.5 21.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 142 174 187 178 178 180 156 188

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.0 20.4 25.0 26.6 23.3 23.4 22.4 21.7 25.5

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Nov.

2016

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

July

2017

Aug.

2017

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,323 15,466 15,370 15,323 15,290 15,341 15,483 15,466 15,370

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,584 9,794 9,633 9,634 9,789 9,886 10,005 9,871 9,696

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 63.3 62.7 62.9 64.0 64.4 64.6 63.8 63.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,292 9,507 9,343 9,342 9,418 9,489 9,638 9,569 9,402

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.6 61.5 60.8 61.0 61.6 61.9 62.3 61.9 61.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292 288 290 292 370 397 366 302 294

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.1 3.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,739 5,671 5,737 5,690 5,502 5,455 5,478 5,594 5,673

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are

introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Nov.

2016

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

July

2017

Aug.

2017

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population................ 41,102 41,665 41,751 41,102 41,404 41,492 41,579 41,665 41,751

Civilian labor force................................ 27,066 27,328 27,479 26,990 27,487 27,322 27,633 27,323 27,409

Participation rate............................... 65.8 65.6 65.8 65.7 66.4 65.8 66.5 65.6 65.6

Employed....................................... 25,540 26,077 26,196 25,448 26,078 25,914 26,229 26,002 26,110

Employment-population ratio............... 62.1 62.6 62.7 61.9 63.0 62.5 63.1 62.4 62.5

Unemployed.................................... 1,526 1,250 1,283 1,541 1,409 1,408 1,404 1,321 1,299

Unemployment rate......................... 5.6 4.6 4.7 5.7 5.1 5.2 5.1 4.8 4.7

Not in labor force................................. 14,037 14,337 14,272 14,113 13,917 14,170 13,946 14,342 14,342

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 14,932 14,987 14,999 14,881 15,085 15,017 15,119 14,958 14,968

Participation rate............................... 80.6 79.9 79.8 80.3 80.9 80.4 80.8 79.7 79.6

Employed....................................... 14,162 14,459 14,432 14,113 14,425 14,298 14,507 14,379 14,400

Employment-population ratio............... 76.4 77.1 76.8 76.2 77.4 76.5 77.5 76.6 76.6

Unemployed.................................... 770 528 567 768 660 719 612 579 568

Unemployment rate......................... 5.2 3.5 3.8 5.2 4.4 4.8 4.0 3.9 3.8

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 11,035 11,158 11,314 10,971 11,176 11,091 11,256 11,158 11,237

Participation rate............................... 58.8 58.6 59.3 58.5 59.1 58.5 59.2 58.6 58.9

Employed....................................... 10,476 10,639 10,769 10,411 10,580 10,570 10,643 10,612 10,691

Employment-population ratio............... 55.8 55.9 56.4 55.5 55.9 55.8 56.0 55.7 56.0

Unemployed.................................... 559 519 545 560 596 521 613 545 546

Unemployment rate......................... 5.1 4.6 4.8 5.1 5.3 4.7 5.4 4.9 4.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................ 1,099 1,184 1,166 1,138 1,227 1,214 1,258 1,207 1,203

Participation rate............................... 28.8 30.6 30.1 29.9 31.9 31.5 32.6 31.2 31.1

Employed....................................... 902 980 995 924 1,073 1,046 1,078 1,011 1,018

Employment-population ratio............... 23.7 25.3 25.7 24.3 27.9 27.1 27.9 26.1 26.3

Unemployed.................................... 196 204 171 214 154 169 179 196 185

Unemployment rate......................... 17.9 17.2 14.7 18.8 12.5 13.9 14.3 16.3 15.4

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2016

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

July

2017

Aug.

2017

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................. 10,678 10,141 10,298 10,587 10,570 10,565 10,575 10,302 10,197

Participation rate.................................. 45.5 45.3 45.6 45.1 47.3 46.2 46.3 46.1 45.2

Employed.......................................... 9,858 9,624 9,779 9,753 9,842 9,933 9,891 9,717 9,670

Employment-population ratio................. 42.0 43.0 43.4 41.5 44.0 43.4 43.3 43.5 42.9

Unemployed....................................... 820 516 518 834 728 632 684 585 526

Unemployment rate............................ 7.7 5.1 5.0 7.9 6.9 6.0 6.5 5.7 5.2

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................. 35,873 35,788 36,102 35,833 35,648 35,931 35,904 35,586 35,982

Participation rate.................................. 57.8 57.2 57.7 57.7 57.7 57.6 57.4 56.9 57.5

Employed.......................................... 34,175 34,358 34,598 34,068 34,038 34,106 34,367 34,062 34,433

Employment-population ratio................. 55.1 54.9 55.3 54.9 55.1 54.7 54.9 54.5 55.0

Unemployed....................................... 1,698 1,431 1,504 1,765 1,610 1,825 1,537 1,523 1,548

Unemployment rate............................ 4.7 4.0 4.2 4.9 4.5 5.1 4.3 4.3 4.3

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................. 38,110 37,987 38,075 38,189 37,475 37,388 37,659 37,785 37,922

Participation rate.................................. 66.3 66.2 66.4 66.4 65.4 65.9 66.1 65.8 66.1

Employed.......................................... 36,684 36,636 36,747 36,702 36,077 35,978 36,306 36,402 36,539

Employment-population ratio................. 63.8 63.8 64.1 63.8 63.0 63.4 63.7 63.4 63.7

Unemployed....................................... 1,426 1,351 1,328 1,486 1,397 1,411 1,353 1,383 1,382

Unemployment rate............................ 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.6

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................. 54,054 55,728 55,498 53,899 55,696 55,595 55,655 55,587 55,470

Participation rate.................................. 73.9 73.9 73.6 73.7 73.7 73.9 74.2 73.7 73.6

Employed.......................................... 52,867 54,604 54,424 52,656 54,378 54,250 54,395 54,453 54,323

Employment-population ratio................. 72.3 72.4 72.2 72.0 72.0 72.1 72.5 72.2 72.0

Unemployed....................................... 1,187 1,124 1,074 1,243 1,318 1,345 1,260 1,134 1,147

Unemployment rate............................ 2.2 2.0 1.9 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.0 2.1

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2

Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2017

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,782 19,420 18,762 17,566 2,020 1,854

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,493 9,698 9,218 8,569 1,275 1,129

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.5 49.9 49.1 48.8 63.1 60.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,994 9,310 8,812 8,223 1,181 1,087

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.1 47.9 47.0 46.8 58.5 58.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499 388 406 346 94 42

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 4.0 4.4 4.0 7.4 3.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,289 9,722 9,544 8,997 745 725

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,034 4,103 3,335 3,410 699 692

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,338 3,374 2,813 2,882 525 493

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.8 82.2 84.3 84.5 75.2 71.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,123 3,219 2,650 2,759 473 460

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.4 78.5 79.5 80.9 67.7 66.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 155 163 123 53 33

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 4.6 5.8 4.3 10.0 6.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 696 728 522 529 173 199

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,295 3,030 2,783 2,551 512 480

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,609 2,387 2,231 2,052 377 335

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.2 78.8 80.2 80.4 73.7 69.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,522 2,316 2,163 1,984 359 332

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.5 76.4 77.7 77.8 70.1 69.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 71 68 67 18 4

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 3.0 3.1 3.3 4.8 1.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 687 643 552 499 135 144

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,341 7,873 8,042 7,605 299 268

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,944 1,753 1,877 1,689 67 64

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.3 22.3 23.3 22.2 22.5 23.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,867 1,680 1,804 1,616 63 64

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.4 21.3 22.4 21.3 21.0 23.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 73 73 73 4 0

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 4.2 3.9 4.3 – –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,397 6,120 6,165 5,916 232 204

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,112 4,414 4,602 4,000 510 414

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,602 2,184 2,297 1,946 305 237

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.9 49.5 49.9 48.7 59.9 57.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,483 2,095 2,196 1,863 287 231

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.6 47.5 47.7 46.6 56.3 55.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 89 101 83 19 6

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 4.1 4.4 4.3 6.1 2.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,510 2,230 2,305 2,054 205 177

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224,658 227,216 99,680 101,379 124,978 125,837

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147,061 148,582 74,491 75,345 72,570 73,237

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.5 65.4 74.7 74.3 58.1 58.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,801 143,076 71,234 72,500 69,566 70,576

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.7 63.0 71.5 71.5 55.7 56.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,260 5,506 3,256 2,845 3,003 2,661

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 3.7 4.4 3.8 4.1 3.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77,598 78,634 25,189 26,034 52,408 52,600

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the

U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August

1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service

periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the

selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not

shown where base is less than 75,000).
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2017

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population...................................................... 30,170 29,968 224,371 225,981

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 6,023 6,222 153,428 154,244

Participation rate..................................................................... 20.0 20.8 68.4 68.3

Employed............................................................................. 5,423 5,693 146,962 148,487

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 18.0 19.0 65.5 65.7

Unemployed.......................................................................... 600 529 6,466 5,757

Unemployment rate............................................................... 10.0 8.5 4.2 3.7

Not in labor force....................................................................... 24,147 23,746 70,942 71,737

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,623 2,730 76,913 76,842

Participation rate..................................................................... 33.9 36.5 82.2 81.9

Employed............................................................................. 2,353 2,469 73,493 73,867

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 30.4 33.0 78.6 78.8

Unemployed.......................................................................... 270 262 3,421 2,976

Unemployment rate............................................................... 10.3 9.6 4.4 3.9

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,106 4,760 16,629 16,927

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,313 2,321 68,243 68,900

Participation rate..................................................................... 28.4 29.9 70.8 71.2

Employed............................................................................. 2,052 2,109 65,477 66,365

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 25.2 27.2 67.9 68.6

Unemployed.......................................................................... 261 212 2,766 2,535

Unemployment rate............................................................... 11.3 9.1 4.1 3.7

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,833 5,437 28,205 27,838

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 1,087 1,170 8,272 8,502

Participation rate..................................................................... 7.6 8.0 24.1 24.0

Employed............................................................................. 1,018 1,115 7,992 8,255

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 7.1 7.6 23.2 23.3

Unemployed.......................................................................... 69 55 280 247

Unemployment rate............................................................... 6.3 4.7 3.4 2.9

Not in labor force....................................................................... 13,208 13,548 26,108 26,972

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty

seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or

emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as

visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2017

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 41,898 41,834 20,306 20,121 21,592 21,712

Civilian labor force.................................................. 27,384 27,395 15,842 15,597 11,542 11,798

Participation rate.................................................. 65.4 65.5 78.0 77.5 53.5 54.3

Employed.......................................................... 26,196 26,453 15,211 15,138 10,985 11,315

Employment-population ratio................................. 62.5 63.2 74.9 75.2 50.9 52.1

Unemployed....................................................... 1,188 942 632 459 557 483

Unemployment rate............................................ 4.3 3.4 4.0 2.9 4.8 4.1

Not in labor force.................................................... 14,514 14,438 4,464 4,524 10,050 9,914

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 212,643 214,115 102,692 103,586 109,950 110,530

Civilian labor force.................................................. 132,068 133,071 68,786 69,346 63,282 63,725

Participation rate.................................................. 62.1 62.1 67.0 66.9 57.6 57.7

Employed.......................................................... 126,190 127,727 65,553 66,396 60,637 61,331

Employment-population ratio................................. 59.3 59.7 63.8 64.1 55.1 55.5

Unemployed....................................................... 5,878 5,344 3,233 2,950 2,645 2,394

Unemployment rate............................................ 4.5 4.0 4.7 4.3 4.2 3.8

Not in labor force.................................................... 80,575 81,045 33,906 34,240 46,669 46,805

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States

or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born

in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2016

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

July

2017

Aug.

2017

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................. 2,366 2,559 2,451 2,431 2,317 2,339 2,307 2,460 2,507

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 1,535 1,814 1,666 1,559 1,582 1,584 1,547 1,722 1,696

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 796 721 754 833 708 722 746 739 789

Unpaid family workers........................... 34 24 30 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries.......................... 150,020 151,664 151,729 149,752 151,208 151,143 152,093 151,357 151,478

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 141,210 142,564 142,653 140,968 142,714 142,466 143,106 142,285 142,463

Government..................................... 21,114 20,753 20,950 20,938 21,052 21,080 20,947 20,737 20,758

Private industries............................... 120,096 121,811 121,702 120,016 121,627 121,366 122,188 121,582 121,740

Private households.......................... 717 571 608 – – – – – –

Other industries.............................. 119,380 121,240 121,094 119,290 120,964 120,712 121,570 121,018 121,123

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 8,757 9,067 9,030 8,716 8,475 8,602 8,856 8,961 8,925

Unpaid family workers........................... 53 33 46 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 5,518 4,553 4,642 5,659 5,282 5,255 5,122 4,753 4,801

Slack work or business conditions............. 3,391 2,762 2,872 3,485 3,161 3,266 3,121 2,952 2,983

Could only find part-time work.................. 1,853 1,609 1,497 1,902 1,754 1,645 1,733 1,629 1,559

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 22,084 21,395 22,123 21,059 21,260 21,447 21,011 20,923 21,018

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 5,411 4,496 4,554 5,550 5,231 5,179 5,032 4,696 4,721

Slack work or business conditions............. 3,327 2,734 2,819 3,424 3,137 3,217 3,071 2,943 2,940

Could only find part-time work.................. 1,832 1,594 1,486 1,870 1,739 1,633 1,713 1,613 1,543

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 21,757 21,034 21,744 20,696 20,909 21,087 20,689 20,604 20,647

1

Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for

the entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business

conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or

training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to

34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2016

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

July

2017

Aug.

2017

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152,385 154,223 154,180 152,048 153,513 153,439 154,345 153,861 153,918

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,778 4,821 4,668 5,006 5,084 5,092 5,230 5,039 4,942

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,590 1,903 1,794 1,682 1,816 1,918 1,983 1,944 1,936

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,187 2,918 2,874 3,318 3,265 3,165 3,229 3,079 3,002

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147,608 149,402 149,512 147,042 148,429 148,347 149,114 148,823 148,977

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,024 14,180 13,963 14,000 14,199 14,209 14,235 14,216 14,006

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133,584 135,222 135,549 133,166 134,349 134,125 134,845 134,651 135,053

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,751 99,584 99,823 98,453 98,906 98,559 99,222 99,178 99,424

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,056 34,755 34,821 33,952 34,500 34,310 34,655 34,664 34,709

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,870 32,254 32,316 31,741 31,889 31,824 32,035 32,082 32,161

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,824 32,574 32,685 32,760 32,517 32,425 32,533 32,432 32,554

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,833 35,638 35,726 34,713 35,442 35,566 35,622 35,472 35,628

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,763 81,875 81,535 80,826 81,273 81,310 81,883 81,659 81,630

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,359 2,345 2,186 2,495 2,443 2,463 2,506 2,428 2,353

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 716 857 811 769 798 883 903 895 896

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,642 1,488 1,375 1,728 1,643 1,574 1,609 1,532 1,449

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,405 79,530 79,349 78,330 78,830 78,847 79,377 79,231 79,277

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,171 7,248 7,157 7,206 7,351 7,369 7,326 7,296 7,222

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,233 72,282 72,192 71,186 71,551 71,470 72,002 71,939 72,106

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,760 53,242 53,178 52,700 52,692 52,531 52,956 53,018 53,066

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,254 18,655 18,650 18,228 18,473 18,420 18,599 18,598 18,616

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,187 17,414 17,347 17,137 17,129 17,085 17,255 17,314 17,298

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,319 17,173 17,181 17,334 17,091 17,026 17,102 17,106 17,152

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,473 19,040 19,014 18,486 18,858 18,939 19,047 18,921 19,040

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,622 72,348 72,645 71,222 72,240 72,129 72,461 72,202 72,289

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,419 2,477 2,482 2,510 2,641 2,629 2,724 2,611 2,589

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 874 1,046 983 914 1,018 1,036 1,080 1,049 1,040

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,545 1,430 1,499 1,590 1,621 1,591 1,620 1,547 1,553

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,203 69,872 70,163 68,712 69,599 69,500 69,737 69,592 69,700

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,852 6,932 6,806 6,794 6,849 6,841 6,909 6,920 6,784

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62,351 62,940 63,357 61,981 62,798 62,655 62,842 62,711 62,947

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,990 46,342 46,645 45,753 46,214 46,027 46,267 46,160 46,358

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,802 16,100 16,171 15,724 16,027 15,890 16,056 16,066 16,093

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,683 14,840 14,969 14,603 14,760 14,739 14,780 14,768 14,863

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,505 15,401 15,504 15,426 15,427 15,399 15,431 15,326 15,402

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,361 16,598 16,712 16,227 16,584 16,628 16,576 16,551 16,589

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,294 45,886 45,581 45,268 45,574 45,327 45,646 45,826 45,651

Married women, spouse present1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,653 36,072 36,151 35,342 35,946 35,475 35,571 35,873 35,880

Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,935 9,829 10,064 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,960 127,055 126,468 124,213 125,921 125,755 126,690 126,667 126,827

Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,425 27,168 27,713 27,854 27,535 27,569 27,650 27,235 27,110

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,107 7,409 7,593 7,812 7,589 7,346 7,366 7,188 7,323

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 4.8 4.9 5.1 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.8

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,898 6,171 6,021 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,553 9,789 9,785 9,549 9,183 9,325 9,603 9,700 9,714

1 Refers to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.

2 Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.

3 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

4 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Nov.

2016

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

July

2017

Aug.

2017

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over........................... 7,409 6,520 6,610 4.6 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.1

16 to 19 years..................................... 897 797 931 15.2 13.2 13.6 12.9 13.7 15.9

16 to 17 years.................................. 372 334 454 18.1 15.5 14.7 13.6 14.7 19.0

18 to 19 years.................................. 551 466 510 14.2 11.6 13.1 12.8 13.1 14.5

20 years and over................................ 6,511 5,723 5,679 4.2 4.0 4.1 3.9 3.7 3.7

20 to 24 years.................................. 1,232 1,105 1,092 8.1 7.4 7.1 7.5 7.2 7.2

25 years and over.............................. 5,333 4,608 4,622 3.9 3.6 3.8 3.5 3.3 3.3

25 to 54 years............................... 4,053 3,501 3,482 4.0 3.8 4.0 3.6 3.4 3.4

25 to 34 years............................. 1,717 1,602 1,547 4.8 4.6 4.9 4.4 4.4 4.3

35 to 44 years............................. 1,164 1,003 1,027 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.0 3.1

45 to 54 years............................. 1,172 895 908 3.5 3.2 3.6 3.1 2.7 2.7

55 years and over........................... 1,273 1,128 1,136 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.1

Men, 16 years and over............................ 4,034 3,570 3,541 4.8 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.2 4.2

16 to 19 years..................................... 548 462 508 18.0 15.2 14.6 15.1 16.0 17.7

16 to 17 years.................................. 234 186 235 23.3 17.9 15.0 15.4 17.2 20.8

18 to 19 years.................................. 332 286 292 16.1 13.4 14.7 15.2 15.7 16.8

20 years and over................................ 3,486 3,109 3,033 4.3 4.0 4.1 3.9 3.8 3.7

20 to 24 years.................................. 724 639 668 9.1 8.0 7.6 8.6 8.0 8.5

25 years and over.............................. 2,810 2,468 2,408 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.4 3.3 3.2

25 to 54 years............................... 2,129 1,830 1,752 3.9 3.8 4.0 3.5 3.3 3.2

25 to 34 years............................. 927 849 796 4.8 4.5 5.0 4.3 4.4 4.1

35 to 44 years............................. 616 502 484 3.5 3.5 3.3 2.9 2.8 2.7

45 to 54 years............................. 585 479 471 3.3 3.2 3.5 3.1 2.7 2.7

55 years and over........................... 681 638 656 3.6 2.9 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.3

Women, 16 years and over........................ 3,375 2,950 3,069 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.2 3.9 4.1

16 to 19 years..................................... 350 335 424 12.2 11.3 12.7 10.9 11.4 14.1

16 to 17 years.................................. 138 148 219 13.1 13.5 14.3 12.1 12.4 17.4

18 to 19 years.................................. 218 180 218 12.1 9.7 11.5 10.2 10.4 12.3

20 years and over................................ 3,025 2,615 2,646 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.6 3.7

20 to 24 years.................................. 508 466 424 7.0 6.7 6.6 6.3 6.3 5.9

25 years and over.............................. 2,523 2,140 2,214 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.3 3.4

25 to 54 years............................... 1,924 1,671 1,730 4.0 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.6

25 to 34 years............................. 790 754 751 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.4 4.5 4.5

35 to 44 years............................. 548 501 542 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.3 3.5

45 to 54 years............................. 586 416 437 3.7 3.2 3.6 3.1 2.6 2.8

55 years and over........................... 577 496 482 3.4 3.4 3.1 3.3 2.9 2.8

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present1

.................... 1,264 944 953 2.7 2.4 2.6 2.3 2.0 2.0

Married women, spouse present1................. 988 887 837 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.3

Women who maintain families2.................... 657 578 590 6.2 6.8 7.2 6.5 5.6 5.5

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers3................................... 6,159 5,230 5,186 4.7 4.3 4.5 4.2 4.0 3.9

Part-time workers4.................................. 1,305 1,282 1,419 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.5 5.0

1 Refers to persons in opposite-sex couples only.

2 Data are not seasonally adjusted. Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.

3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time

jobs.

4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from

part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2016

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

July

2017

Aug.

2017

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 3,271 2,859 2,907 3,542 3,378 3,523 3,359 3,227 3,159

On temporary layoff.............................. 723 561 807 896 1,044 1,032 895 842 963

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 2,548 2,298 2,100 2,646 2,334 2,490 2,464 2,384 2,196

Permanent job losers.......................... 1,838 1,648 1,483 1,903 1,676 1,799 1,759 1,709 1,542

Persons who completed temporary jobs. . .. 710 650 617 743 658 691 705 676 655

Job leavers........................................... 936 763 757 934 757 804 738 742 751

Reentrants............................................ 2,188 2,040 1,978 2,266 2,083 2,132 2,079 2,006 2,029

New entrants......................................... 671 580 644 728 703 656 669 629 691

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 46.3 45.8 46.2 47.4 48.8 49.5 49.1 48.9 47.6

On temporary layoff.............................. 10.2 9.0 12.8 12.0 15.1 14.5 13.1 12.8 14.5

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 36.1 36.8 33.4 35.4 33.7 35.0 36.0 36.1 33.1

Job leavers........................................... 13.3 12.2 12.0 12.5 10.9 11.3 10.8 11.2 11.3

Reentrants............................................ 31.0 32.7 31.5 30.3 30.1 30.0 30.4 30.4 30.6

New entrants......................................... 9.5 9.3 10.2 9.7 10.2 9.2 9.8 9.5 10.4

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 2.1 1.8 1.8 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.0

Job leavers........................................... 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Reentrants............................................ 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

New entrants......................................... 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2016

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

July

2017

Aug.

2017

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 2,201 1,958 2,084 2,415 2,133 2,222 2,226 2,129 2,250

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 2,006 1,839 1,753 2,133 2,017 2,015 1,874 1,942 1,878

15 weeks and over.................................. 2,859 2,445 2,449 2,929 2,742 2,795 2,696 2,474 2,508

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 1,060 847 921 1,073 957 1,055 963 853 927

27 weeks and over............................... 1,799 1,598 1,529 1,856 1,785 1,740 1,733 1,621 1,581

Average (mean) duration, in weeks............... 27.1 27.1 26.3 26.2 24.9 24.4 26.8 26.0 25.4

Median duration, in weeks......................... 10.5 10.1 9.7 10.2 10.6 10.5 10.3 9.9 9.6

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 31.1 31.4 33.2 32.3 30.9 31.6 32.8 32.5 33.9

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 28.4 29.5 27.9 28.5 29.3 28.7 27.6 29.7 28.3

15 weeks and over.................................. 40.5 39.2 39.0 39.2 39.8 39.7 39.7 37.8 37.8

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 15.0 13.6 14.6 14.4 13.9 15.0 14.2 13.0 14.0

27 weeks and over............................... 25.5 25.6 24.3 24.8 25.9 24.7 25.5 24.8 23.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2017

Total, 16 years and over1

............................................. 152,385 154,180 7,066 6,286 4.4 3.9

Management, professional, and related occupations........... 59,707 61,818 1,382 1,266 2.3 2.0

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations..................................................... 25,051 25,731 592 511 2.3 1.9

Professional and related occupations.......................... 34,656 36,087 790 755 2.2 2.0

Service occupations................................................ 26,964 26,376 1,600 1,368 5.6 4.9

Sales and office occupations...................................... 33,869 33,390 1,501 1,345 4.2 3.9

Sales and related occupations.................................. 15,792 15,748 770 670 4.6 4.1

Office and administrative support occupations............... 18,077 17,642 732 675 3.9 3.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations........................................................ 14,144 14,667 866 789 5.8 5.1

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.................... 1,041 1,213 146 96 12.3 7.4

Construction and extraction occupations...................... 8,091 8,498 562 508 6.5 5.6

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations........... 5,012 4,955 158 184 3.1 3.6

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations........................................................ 17,701 17,930 1,018 860 5.4 4.6

Production occupations.......................................... 8,258 8,685 449 295 5.2 3.3

Transportation and material moving occupations............ 9,443 9,245 568 564 5.7 5.8

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2017

Total, 16 years and over1

................................................................ 7,066 6,286 4.4 3.9

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers.................................. 5,415 4,752 4.3 3.8

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.................................... 37 20 4.7 2.4

Construction.......................................................................... 517 467 5.7 5.0

Manufacturing........................................................................ 619 409 3.9 2.6

Durable goods..................................................................... 341 236 3.4 2.4

Nondurable goods................................................................ 278 173 4.7 2.9

Wholesale and retail trade......................................................... 915 869 4.4 4.2

Transportation and utilities......................................................... 209 252 3.2 3.7

Information............................................................................ 115 146 4.2 5.2

Financial activities................................................................... 273 206 2.8 2.1

Professional and business services............................................... 753 689 4.5 4.0

Education and health services..................................................... 716 596 3.1 2.5

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 1,011 882 7.1 6.6

Other services........................................................................ 249 216 3.8 3.2

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers......................... 156 125 9.6 7.2

Government workers................................................................... 449 439 2.1 2.0

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............ 376 326 3.8 3.2

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2016

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

July

2017

Aug.

2017

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,

as a percent of the civilian labor force......... 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.6

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force......................................... 2.1 1.8 1.8 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.0

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate)................................................ 4.4 3.9 3.9 4.6 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.1

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged

workers, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus discouraged workers................. 4.8 4.2 4.2 5.0 4.7 4.7 4.5 4.4 4.4

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged

workers, plus all other persons marginally

attached to the labor force, as a percent of

the civilian labor force plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . .. 5.6 4.8 4.8 5.8 5.3 5.4 5.1 5.0 5.0

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic

reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus all persons marginally attached to

the labor force..................................... 9.0 7.6 7.7 9.3 8.6 8.6 8.3 7.9 8.0

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and

are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have

given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are

available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2017

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2017

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force........................................... 95,089 95,483 38,370 38,764 56,719 56,719

Persons who currently want a job................................ 5,524 4,877 2,636 2,261 2,889 2,616

Marginally attached to the labor force1

........................ 1,932 1,481 1,020 770 912 710

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 591 469 393 292 198 176

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. .. 1,341 1,012 627 478 714 534

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4

............................................. 8,107 7,593 3,816 3,559 4,290 4,034

Percent of total employed.......................................... 5.3 4.9 4.7 4.4 6.0 5.6

Primary job full time, secondary job part time................... 4,362 4,286 2,369 2,194 1,992 2,092

Primary and secondary jobs both part time..................... 2,287 1,978 739 638 1,548 1,341

Primary and secondary jobs both full time....................... 270 252 141 170 130 81

Hours vary on primary or secondary job......................... 1,136 1,003 538 523 598 480

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference

week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks

schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and

transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4

Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Change

from:

Oct.2017 -

Nov.2017p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146,393 146,954 147,975 148,507 145,170 146,769 147,013 147,241 228

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,615 124,684 125,282 125,702 122,876 124,432 124,679 124,900 221

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,870 20,347 20,352 20,304 19,762 20,103 20,137 20,199 62

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 673 727 731 735 666 722 723 730 7

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.8 50.6 50.0 51.4 50.5 49.3 48.7 49.8 1.1

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 620.8 676.8 680.7 683.5 615.1 672.5 674.5 679.7 5.2

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179.0 180.6 179.3 180.3 178.5 180.5 179.2 179.4 0.2

Mining, except oil and gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182.2 189.5 188.8 187.9 181.3 186.8 186.5 187.4 0.9

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.1 52.0 52.1 51.3 49.7 51.7 51.6 51.2 -0.4

Metal ore mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.1 38.9 38.9 38.5 39.2 39.0 38.8 38.4 -0.4

Nonmetallic mineral mining and

quarrying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.0 98.6 97.8 98.1 92.4 96.1 96.1 97.8 1.7

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259.6 306.7 312.6 315.3 255.3 305.2 308.8 312.9 4.1

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,869 7,122 7,126 7,060 6,771 6,921 6,931 6,955 24

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,514.5 1,559.7 1,566.3 1,558.7 1,501.3 1,528.1 1,534.5 1,543.1 8.6

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 762.6 773.1 783.5 779.8 752.1 759.1 766.6 770.7 4.1

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 751.9 786.6 782.8 778.9 749.2 769.0 767.9 772.4 4.5

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . 971.2 1,034.6 1,023.2 979.2 943.2 969.9 960.9 953.1 -7.8

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,383.3 4,527.4 4,536.7 4,521.7 4,326.7 4,422.7 4,436.0 4,458.6 22.6

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . 1,914.6 1,991.1 1,988.0 1,986.1 1,895.3 1,945.1 1,951.9 1,962.6 10.7

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 2,468.7 2,536.3 2,548.7 2,535.6 2,431.4 2,477.6 2,484.1 2,496.0 11.9

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,328 12,498 12,495 12,509 12,325 12,460 12,483 12,514 31

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,694 7,780 7,788 7,820 7,695 7,778 7,791 7,818 27

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395.4 392.9 396.3 395.6 393.3 392.4 394.4 393.7 -0.7

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413.2 421.5 421.8 421.9 409.9 415.4 416.1 417.5 1.4

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374.3 384.6 385.5 385.8 374.6 384.8 385.7 386.1 0.4

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,416.0 1,451.1 1,455.8 1,463.5 1,418.0 1,452.5 1,457.4 1,464.8 7.4

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,070.7 1,095.2 1,093.9 1,103.3 1,072.6 1,097.8 1,098.0 1,106.3 8.3

Computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . . 1,040.6 1,043.6 1,046.4 1,050.8 1,041.1 1,044.9 1,048.2 1,052.0 3.8

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . 162.5 166.4 167.8 170.7 162.7 166.6 168.2 170.4 2.2

Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.9 84.7 84.9 84.8 84.8 84.9 85.0 84.7 -0.3

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362.3 361.3 363.0 363.9 362.2 362.3 363.7 364.6 0.9

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395.5 397.6 397.4 399.3 396.1 397.8 398.2 400.2 2.0

Miscellaneous computer and electronic

products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.4 33.6 33.3 32.1 35.3 33.4 33.1 31.9 -1.2

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . 382.8 391.6 393.9 396.3 383.0 392.0 394.8 396.8 2.0

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,620.8 1,619.7 1,610.8 1,617.2 1,621.3 1,615.9 1,613.1 1,615.7 2.6

Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 941.8 941.8 937.0 941.6 941.5 939.2 938.4 940.1 1.7

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388.0 389.7 391.2 388.8 390.8 390.7 390.9 390.0 -0.9

Miscellaneous durable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 592.0 590.5 592.0 597.0 590.2 591.8 592.2 594.6 2.4

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,634 4,718 4,707 4,689 4,630 4,682 4,692 4,696 4

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,563.4 1,634.0 1,618.0 1,604.4 1,562.1 1,607.5 1,607.5 1,609.3 1.8

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112.7 110.3 110.1 110.3 112.5 110.4 110.1 109.7 -0.4

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114.3 110.4 109.2 109.2 113.3 109.6 108.8 108.5 -0.3

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130.4 118.0 118.3 118.1 129.4 117.1 117.4 116.5 -0.9

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367.9 369.3 368.8 370.8 368.2 369.8 370.1 371.9 1.8

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . 444.3 435.5 436.3 437.0 442.1 436.0 435.9 435.3 -0.6

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.7 114.9 115.6 113.0 111.1 112.9 113.0 112.7 -0.3

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 811.1 819.9 824.3 821.8 811.9 821.3 826.9 826.2 -0.7

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693.6 708.0 706.3 710.9 696.2 708.3 710.3 714.2 3.9

Miscellaneous nondurable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284.9 297.5 300.2 293.2 283.4 289.3 292.0 291.6 -0.4

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103,745 104,337 104,930 105,398 103,114 104,329 104,542 104,701 159

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,819 27,295 27,489 28,018 27,346 27,424 27,438 27,470 32

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,900.3 5,936.6 5,955.2 5,961.8 5,886.8 5,936.7 5,944.7 5,948.1 3.4

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,931.5 2,967.4 2,969.9 2,979.9 2,931.9 2,967.6 2,971.4 2,978.7 7.3

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,063.8 2,061.2 2,074.2 2,072.7 2,052.0 2,060.4 2,064.4 2,064.4 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Change

from:

Oct.2017 -

Nov.2017p

Wholesale trade - Continued

Electronic markets and agents and

brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 905.0 908.0 911.1 909.2 902.9 908.7 908.9 905.0 -3.9

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,243.7 15,685.6 15,829.0 16,280.6 15,867.7 15,828.5 15,826.3 15,845.0 18.7

Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,998.6 2,020.2 2,026.1 2,027.2 1,999.5 2,016.5 2,024.1 2,026.9 2.8

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,296.6 1,306.9 1,313.0 1,312.5 1,294.8 1,305.5 1,309.8 1,310.8 1.0

Other motor vehicle dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148.5 155.6 154.1 151.8 152.0 154.0 155.5 156.1 0.6

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores. . . 553.5 557.7 559.0 562.9 552.8 557.1 558.8 560.0 1.2

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . 488.8 478.1 488.2 504.6 476.0 484.9 485.9 487.4 1.5

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 532.2 495.7 499.7 518.2 511.1 500.8 496.8 492.3 -4.5

Building material and garden supply

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,250.0 1,278.2 1,284.8 1,281.8 1,281.1 1,300.3 1,306.4 1,309.6 3.2

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,113.7 3,068.3 3,076.8 3,102.4 3,100.2 3,075.6 3,076.3 3,081.9 5.6

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,073.9 1,038.7 1,045.5 1,066.7 1,060.0 1,048.5 1,048.6 1,052.2 3.6

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 929.8 945.6 942.0 945.8 929.4 940.1 940.6 943.6 3.0

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . 1,425.5 1,285.4 1,309.0 1,423.5 1,325.8 1,322.4 1,317.9 1,312.3 -5.6

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 670.2 593.4 609.5 676.4 617.0 607.7 612.3 616.3 4.0

General merchandise stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,344.8 3,084.7 3,130.9 3,305.2 3,191.2 3,134.1 3,125.4 3,132.2 6.8

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,408.9 1,245.1 1,277.4 1,393.2 1,309.7 1,281.5 1,281.5 1,284.6 3.1

Other general merchandise stores. . . . . . . . 1,935.9 1,839.6 1,853.5 1,912.0 1,881.4 1,852.6 1,843.9 1,847.7 3.8

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 847.8 832.1 838.8 840.1 833.2 829.9 825.3 826.2 0.9

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 568.4 565.2 577.7 588.7 543.2 567.7 566.7 564.1 -2.6

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,118.9 5,119.7 5,152.1 5,223.3 5,034.6 5,105.7 5,113.3 5,123.8 10.5

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477.4 491.0 492.9 490.4 479.0 490.4 492.7 492.4 -0.3

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212.7 206.0 206.0 206.0 212.3 205.5 205.8 205.6 -0.2

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.4 66.7 65.7 64.6 64.6 66.0 65.5 65.7 0.2

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,472.7 1,488.8 1,492.2 1,487.9 1,462.2 1,474.8 1,475.7 1,477.5 1.8

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488.8 494.4 497.9 493.0 473.3 481.8 480.0 477.4 -2.6

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.4 46.6 46.8 46.9 48.5 46.8 46.8 47.0 0.2

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . 28.9 42.6 37.9 29.4 34.6 35.9 36.2 35.2 -1.0

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . 663.8 673.5 675.0 675.4 660.4 671.4 670.1 672.2 2.1

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 704.2 652.6 662.8 732.8 660.1 673.3 674.2 676.4 2.2

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 958.6 957.5 974.9 996.9 939.6 959.8 966.3 974.4 8.1

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 556.1 552.7 552.7 552.0 556.5 553.4 553.5 553.3 -0.2

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,780 2,708 2,708 2,718 2,768 2,715 2,707 2,703 -4

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . 731.1 717.6 717.2 718.7 729.1 717.5 716.5 716.6 0.1

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431.3 391.1 399.3 406.7 425.7 398.3 399.9 396.3 -3.6

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266.9 260.1 261.5 260.4 266.3 259.8 260.1 258.9 -1.2

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 788.3 761.6 751.3 750.2 785.1 761.3 752.0 748.7 -3.3

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299.1 304.1 306.5 308.1 298.9 304.8 305.9 307.9 2.0

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263.5 273.1 272.4 273.9 263.3 273.2 272.6 274.4 1.8

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,337 8,481 8,488 8,484 8,342 8,477 8,484 8,492 8

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,181.3 6,262.5 6,266.9 6,267.5 6,175.9 6,269.8 6,267.3 6,266.9 -0.4

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . 18.5 18.7 18.7 18.7 18.5 18.7 18.7 18.7 0.0

Credit intermediation and related

activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,628.5 2,656.5 2,659.2 2,660.0 2,629.7 2,660.8 2,663.4 2,662.6 -0.8

Depository credit intermediation1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,701.5 1,711.4 1,712.9 1,716.3 1,704.0 1,716.8 1,719.6 1,720.3 0.7

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,306.7 1,309.9 1,310.7 1,312.3 1,308.9 1,313.9 1,315.4 1,315.7 0.3

Nondepository credit intermediation. . . . . . . 620.6 628.8 631.7 630.9 619.2 629.1 629.8 629.2 -0.6

Activities related to credit intermediation.. . 306.4 316.3 314.6 312.8 306.5 314.9 314.0 313.2 -0.8

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . . 931.2 950.9 952.8 954.2 931.5 950.6 951.2 953.9 2.7

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . 2,603.1 2,636.4 2,636.2 2,634.6 2,596.2 2,639.7 2,634.0 2,631.7 -2.3

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,155.9 2,218.9 2,220.6 2,216.2 2,165.8 2,207.5 2,216.6 2,224.9 8.3

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,581.4 1,609.6 1,615.7 1,614.2 1,584.2 1,607.5 1,611.7 1,616.4 4.7

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550.9 586.2 581.7 578.7 558.3 576.8 581.8 585.4 3.6

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . 23.6 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.3 23.2 23.1 23.1 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Change

from:

Oct.2017 -

Nov.2017p

Private service-providing - Continued

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,564 20,881 21,070 21,115 20,380 20,828 20,882 20,928 46

Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . . 8,992.7 9,095.8 9,184.4 9,235.9 8,988.2 9,189.3 9,207.3 9,230.8 23.5

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,124.7 1,123.8 1,130.5 1,131.6 1,122.5 1,127.7 1,128.1 1,128.7 0.6

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . 965.6 937.0 946.1 976.6 1,000.3 1,008.4 1,008.5 1,012.5 4.0

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . 1,424.3 1,467.0 1,478.0 1,473.4 1,422.0 1,466.2 1,469.8 1,472.4 2.6

Specialized design services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142.1 139.4 142.0 143.8 141.0 141.2 140.9 142.3 1.4

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,034.4 2,057.2 2,083.1 2,089.5 2,024.5 2,067.0 2,072.2 2,076.0 3.8

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,418.4 1,451.1 1,470.0 1,478.7 1,404.2 1,453.8 1,458.7 1,465.9 7.2

Scientific research and development

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 692.8 707.8 709.5 711.5 693.3 712.1 712.2 712.8 0.6

Advertising and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 490.5 485.2 489.8 489.7 488.3 486.3 487.0 486.5 -0.5

Other professional and technical services. . . 699.9 727.3 735.4 741.1 692.2 726.6 729.9 733.7 3.8

Management of companies and enterprises. . . 2,253.2 2,282.6 2,282.2 2,283.3 2,252.6 2,282.0 2,284.8 2,284.0 -0.8

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,318.1 9,502.7 9,603.1 9,595.9 9,139.6 9,356.4 9,389.7 9,412.8 23.1

Administrative and support services. . . . . . . . . 8,907.4 9,084.8 9,183.9 9,179.2 8,729.0 8,941.1 8,971.4 8,995.8 24.4

Office administrative services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 509.0 528.4 532.7 535.6 507.5 529.2 532.1 533.1 1.0

Facilities support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141.5 146.4 147.2 147.0 141.5 145.7 146.1 146.6 0.5

Employment services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,768.3 3,798.9 3,881.0 3,917.2 3,630.8 3,728.5 3,750.5 3,768.8 18.3

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,103.2 3,119.9 3,194.1 3,228.5 2,979.0 3,059.1 3,077.0 3,095.3 18.3

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 941.7 911.1 929.6 940.7 919.9 915.8 915.8 918.9 3.1

Travel arrangement and reservation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216.2 214.6 214.7 212.4 216.6 214.5 214.5 213.6 -0.9

Investigation and security services. . . . . . . . 915.4 925.8 929.2 929.9 905.5 918.7 919.6 919.3 -0.3

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . 2,102.3 2,227.9 2,212.3 2,167.2 2,092.6 2,159.0 2,161.7 2,163.6 1.9

Other support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313.0 331.7 337.2 329.2 314.6 329.8 331.0 331.9 0.9

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410.7 417.9 419.2 416.7 410.6 415.3 418.3 417.0 -1.3

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,074 23,138 23,432 23,535 22,821 23,214 23,238 23,292 54

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,782.7 3,637.1 3,821.5 3,865.3 3,593.0 3,673.2 3,662.5 3,675.6 13.1

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,291.5 19,501.0 19,610.4 19,669.3 19,227.7 19,540.9 19,575.5 19,616.0 40.5

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,604.0 15,801.5 15,863.4 15,903.5 15,558.4 15,810.7 15,832.5 15,862.0 29.5

Ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . 7,200.8 7,339.3 7,390.4 7,415.5 7,172.3 7,352.7 7,364.9 7,390.2 25.3

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,562.9 2,605.1 2,618.2 2,624.6 2,552.6 2,608.1 2,609.3 2,616.1 6.8

Offices of dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 938.6 941.3 947.7 949.4 935.3 945.3 945.5 946.8 1.3

Offices of other health practitioners. . . . . 882.4 905.9 910.3 918.7 879.8 909.6 907.9 913.1 5.2

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 875.6 915.7 921.6 926.1 874.0 917.5 921.4 925.6 4.2

Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . . 263.9 260.7 262.8 263.9 263.5 261.4 261.9 262.8 0.9

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,384.8 1,414.3 1,427.8 1,432.9 1,377.2 1,414.6 1,421.1 1,428.0 6.9

Other ambulatory health care

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292.6 296.3 302.0 299.9 289.8 296.2 297.9 297.9 0.0

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,080.3 5,134.8 5,140.9 5,149.1 5,067.3 5,128.7 5,134.7 5,136.9 2.2

Nursing and residential care facilities. . . . . 3,322.9 3,327.4 3,332.1 3,338.9 3,318.8 3,329.3 3,332.9 3,334.9 2.0

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,647.4 1,629.3 1,631.3 1,634.1 1,643.0 1,629.1 1,631.0 1,631.4 0.4

Residential mental health facilities. . . . . . 614.8 620.7 620.8 622.6 614.5 621.2 621.7 622.6 0.9

Community care facilities for the

elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 895.1 911.2 913.1 913.9 896.1 912.4 913.2 913.1 -0.1

Other residential care facilities. . . . . . . . . . 165.6 166.2 166.9 168.3 165.2 166.6 167.0 167.9 0.9

Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,687.5 3,699.5 3,747.0 3,765.8 3,669.3 3,730.2 3,743.0 3,754.0 11.0

Individual and family services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,261.6 2,283.3 2,315.5 2,327.4 2,258.3 2,304.0 2,319.4 2,327.2 7.8

Emergency and other relief services. . . . . . 163.8 167.9 168.8 170.1 164.8 169.0 169.5 170.3 0.8

Vocational rehabilitation services. . . . . . . . . 336.9 335.7 335.7 337.3 337.5 336.9 336.5 337.2 0.7

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 925.2 912.6 927.0 931.0 908.6 920.3 917.5 919.3 1.8

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,466 16,079 15,955 15,738 15,739 15,900 16,004 16,018 14

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,101.8 2,320.1 2,239.2 2,113.2 2,256.3 2,262.8 2,279.4 2,272.4 -7.0

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . 434.5 482.0 472.3 448.5 450.0 463.0 464.9 462.6 -2.3

Museums, historical sites, and similar

institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154.3 170.9 169.4 163.5 160.2 169.0 168.6 169.7 1.1

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . 1,513.0 1,667.2 1,597.5 1,501.2 1,646.1 1,630.8 1,645.9 1,640.1 -5.8

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . 13,364.3 13,758.6 13,715.3 13,625.2 13,482.2 13,637.3 13,724.8 13,746.0 21.2

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Change

from:

Oct.2017 -

Nov.2017p

Accommodation and food services -

Continued

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,889.8 1,996.7 1,947.1 1,907.4 1,948.0 1,959.0 1,960.3 1,962.6 2.3

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 11,474.5 11,761.9 11,768.2 11,717.8 11,534.2 11,678.3 11,764.5 11,783.4 18.9

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,705 5,755 5,788 5,790 5,718 5,771 5,789 5,798 9

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,286.2 1,295.0 1,300.1 1,297.0 1,290.9 1,296.9 1,300.1 1,302.7 2.6

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,459.1 1,490.2 1,506.1 1,511.3 1,460.7 1,492.7 1,504.4 1,507.9 3.5

Membership associations and organizations. . . 2,959.9 2,969.9 2,981.5 2,981.9 2,966.6 2,981.5 2,984.4 2,986.9 2.5

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,778 22,270 22,693 22,805 22,294 22,337 22,334 22,341 7

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,797.0 2,811.0 2,807.0 2,797.0 2,811.0 2,808.0 2,811.0 2,808.0 -3.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,185.5 2,198.6 2,192.2 2,183.4 2,193.2 2,191.2 2,193.5 2,191.9 -1.6

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 611.9 612.2 614.7 613.4 617.7 616.3 617.8 616.0 -1.8

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,270.0 5,107.0 5,211.0 5,237.0 5,088.0 5,070.0 5,062.0 5,063.0 1.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,599.7 2,447.6 2,562.0 2,589.2 2,410.0 2,409.9 2,406.1 2,407.3 1.2

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 2,670.4 2,659.6 2,648.6 2,647.7 2,677.7 2,659.6 2,656.3 2,656.1 -0.2

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,711.0 14,352.0 14,675.0 14,771.0 14,395.0 14,459.0 14,461.0 14,470.0 9.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,279.8 7,883.8 8,244.2 8,342.9 7,933.6 7,989.6 7,992.6 7,998.7 6.1

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 6,431.3 6,468.6 6,431.1 6,428.5 6,460.9 6,469.5 6,467.9 6,471.6 3.7

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3

Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 34.3 34.4 34.4 34.5

Goods-producing.................................................................... 40.2 40.2 40.4 40.5

Mining and logging................................................................ 43.6 45.2 45.2 45.1

Construction....................................................................... 39.1 38.8 39.0 39.1

Manufacturing..................................................................... 40.6 40.8 40.9 40.9

Durable goods.................................................................. 41.1 41.3 41.4 41.4

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 39.8 39.9 40.0 40.2

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.2 33.2 33.3 33.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 34.2 34.4 34.4 34.7

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.9 39.1 39.0 39.1

Retail trade...................................................................... 30.8 30.9 31.0 31.4

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.8 38.7 38.8 39.0

Utilities........................................................................... 41.8 42.5 42.2 42.3

Information......................................................................... 36.0 36.2 36.3 36.1

Financial activities................................................................ 37.5 37.5 37.5 37.6

Professional and business services............................................ 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0

Education and health services.................................................. 32.9 32.9 32.9 32.9

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 26.1 26.0 26.2 26.1

Other services..................................................................... 31.9 31.7 31.7 31.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.5

Durable goods....................................................................... 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.4

Nondurable goods................................................................... 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.6

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Total private............................................... $25.91 $26.53 $26.50 $26.55 $888.71 $912.63 $911.60 $915.98

Goods-producing....................................... 27.14 27.76 27.76 27.76 1,091.03 1,115.95 1,121.50 1,124.28

Mining and logging.................................. 32.09 32.55 32.67 32.60 1,399.12 1,471.26 1,476.68 1,470.26

Construction.......................................... 28.34 29.18 29.08 29.17 1,108.09 1,132.18 1,134.12 1,140.55

Manufacturing........................................ 26.22 26.71 26.75 26.71 1,064.53 1,089.77 1,094.08 1,092.44

Durable goods.................................... 27.49 27.96 28.01 27.96 1,129.84 1,154.75 1,159.61 1,157.54

Nondurable goods................................ 24.03 24.54 24.59 24.55 956.39 979.15 983.60 986.91

Private service-providing.............................. 25.62 26.25 26.21 26.26 850.58 871.50 872.79 877.08

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 22.57 22.95 22.89 22.94 771.89 789.48 787.42 796.02

Wholesale trade.................................. 29.79 30.26 30.03 30.23 1,158.83 1,183.17 1,171.17 1,181.99

Retail trade........................................ 18.07 18.24 18.25 18.27 556.56 563.62 565.75 573.68

Transportation and warehousing............... 23.48 24.05 24.04 24.13 911.02 930.74 932.75 941.07

Utilities............................................. 38.33 39.45 39.70 39.57 1,602.19 1,676.63 1,675.34 1,673.81

Information........................................... 37.31 38.40 38.38 38.59 1,343.16 1,390.08 1,393.19 1,393.10

Financial activities................................... 32.58 33.46 33.65 33.68 1,221.75 1,254.75 1,261.88 1,266.37

Professional and business services.............. 31.14 31.95 31.86 31.92 1,121.04 1,150.20 1,146.96 1,149.12

Education and health services..................... 25.91 26.49 26.48 26.53 852.44 871.52 871.19 872.84

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 15.06 15.56 15.55 15.60 393.07 404.56 407.41 407.16

Other services....................................... 23.34 23.92 23.91 23.97 744.55 758.26 757.95 759.85

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Percent

change

from:

Oct.

2017 -

Nov.

2017p

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Percent

change

from:

Oct.

2017 -

Nov.

2017p

Total private..................................... 105.8 107.4 107.7 108.2 0.5 131.0 136.3 136.4 137.3 0.7

Goods-producing............................. 90.5 92.1 92.7 93.2 0.5 111.0 115.5 116.3 116.9 0.5

Mining and logging........................ 91.2 102.5 102.7 103.5 0.8 117.6 134.0 134.7 135.4 0.5

Construction................................ 91.3 92.6 93.2 93.7 0.5 112.4 117.4 117.7 118.8 0.9

Manufacturing.............................. 90.0 91.5 91.9 92.1 0.2 109.8 113.6 114.3 114.4 0.1

Durable goods........................... 89.0 90.4 90.8 91.1 0.3 108.7 112.3 113.0 113.2 0.2

Nondurable goods...................... 92.0 93.2 93.7 94.2 0.5 112.1 116.1 116.9 117.4 0.4

Private service-providing.................... 110.1 111.4 112.0 112.5 0.4 137.1 142.2 142.7 143.6 0.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 101.7 102.6 102.7 103.7 1.0 123.6 126.7 126.5 128.0 1.2

Wholesale trade......................... 99.9 101.3 101.2 101.5 0.3 124.2 127.9 126.8 128.0 0.9

Retail trade.............................. 99.3 99.4 99.7 101.1 1.4 118.6 119.8 120.2 122.1 1.6

Transportation and warehousing...... 111.8 113.1 113.5 114.4 0.8 133.2 138.0 138.5 140.0 1.1

Utilities.................................... 100.6 101.8 101.1 101.3 0.2 127.5 132.6 132.6 132.4 -0.2

Information................................. 91.0 89.8 89.7 89.1 -0.7 120.9 122.7 122.6 122.4 -0.2

Financial activities......................... 102.5 104.1 104.2 104.6 0.4 130.2 135.9 136.8 137.4 0.4

Professional and business services..... 115.4 117.9 118.2 118.5 0.3 145.6 152.6 152.6 153.2 0.4

Education and health services........... 122.6 124.7 124.8 125.1 0.2 152.8 158.9 159.0 159.7 0.4

Leisure and hospitality.................... 117.2 118.0 119.6 119.3 -0.3 142.4 148.1 150.1 150.1 0.0

Other services............................. 105.2 105.5 105.8 106.0 0.2 134.5 138.3 138.7 139.2 0.4

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Total nonfarm............................................. 71,945 72,668 72,781 72,930 49.6 49.5 49.5 49.5

Total private............................................ 59,166 59,837 59,948 60,093 48.2 48.1 48.1 48.1

Goods-producing.................................... 4,332 4,424 4,429 4,451 21.9 22.0 22.0 22.0

Mining and logging............................... 98 100 100 101 14.7 13.9 13.8 13.8

Construction....................................... 847 882 882 888 12.5 12.7 12.7 12.8

Manufacturing..................................... 3,387 3,442 3,447 3,462 27.5 27.6 27.6 27.7

Durable goods.................................. 1,805 1,823 1,824 1,837 23.5 23.4 23.4 23.5

Nondurable goods............................. 1,582 1,619 1,623 1,625 34.2 34.6 34.6 34.6

Private service-providing........................... 54,834 55,413 55,519 55,642 53.2 53.1 53.1 53.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............. 11,082 10,976 10,972 10,986 40.5 40.0 40.0 40.0

Wholesale trade................................ 1,741.8 1,751.0 1,755.1 1,757.4 29.6 29.5 29.5 29.5

Retail trade..................................... 7,979.5 7,852.9 7,844.1 7,850.8 50.3 49.6 49.6 49.5

Transportation and warehousing............. 1,231.3 1,244.8 1,245.4 1,250.0 24.5 24.4 24.4 24.4

Utilities........................................... 129.8 127.1 127.1 127.3 23.3 23.0 23.0 23.0

Information......................................... 1,109 1,075 1,072 1,068 40.1 39.6 39.6 39.5

Financial activities................................ 4,736 4,786 4,788 4,796 56.8 56.5 56.4 56.5

Professional and business services............ 9,140 9,377 9,413 9,465 44.8 45.0 45.1 45.2

Education and health services.................. 17,582 17,878 17,881 17,910 77.0 77.0 76.9 76.9

Leisure and hospitality........................... 8,183 8,268 8,332 8,353 52.0 52.0 52.1 52.1

Other services..................................... 3,002 3,053 3,061 3,064 52.5 52.9 52.9 52.8

Government............................................. 12,779 12,831 12,833 12,837 57.3 57.4 57.5 57.5

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Total private............................................................................... 101,164 102,511 102,739 102,897

Goods-producing....................................................................... 14,200 14,449 14,471 14,521

Mining and logging.................................................................. 466 521 522 528

Construction.......................................................................... 5,095 5,183 5,184 5,199

Manufacturing........................................................................ 8,639 8,745 8,765 8,794

Durable goods..................................................................... 5,287 5,336 5,348 5,371

Nondurable goods................................................................ 3,352 3,409 3,417 3,423

Private service-providing.............................................................. 86,964 88,062 88,268 88,376

Trade, transportation, and utilities................................................. 22,971 23,130 23,158 23,165

Wholesale trade................................................................... 4,712.7 4,756.2 4,764.7 4,769.7

Retail trade........................................................................ 13,450.7 13,490.1 13,492.1 13,485.5

Transportation and warehousing................................................ 4,359.7 4,438.2 4,456.0 4,465.3

Utilities.............................................................................. 447.4 445.3 444.7 444.3

Information............................................................................ 2,232 2,183 2,179 2,170

Financial activities................................................................... 6,481 6,596 6,599 6,605

Professional and business services............................................... 16,667 16,995 17,040 17,088

Education and health services..................................................... 20,016 20,395 20,406 20,452

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 13,860 13,984 14,099 14,104

Other services........................................................................ 4,737 4,779 4,787 4,792

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 33.6 33.6 33.7 33.7

Goods-producing.................................................................... 41.2 41.1 41.2 41.3

Mining and logging................................................................ 45.5 45.9 45.8 45.5

Construction....................................................................... 39.8 39.4 39.4 39.6

Manufacturing..................................................................... 41.8 41.9 42.0 42.0

Durable goods.................................................................. 42.2 42.2 42.4 42.3

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 41.1 41.3 41.3 41.5

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 33.5 33.8 33.9 34.1

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.8 38.9 39.0 39.0

Retail trade...................................................................... 29.7 30.3 30.4 30.6

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.5 38.2 38.3 38.4

Utilities........................................................................... 42.0 42.7 42.6 42.6

Information......................................................................... 35.4 35.9 35.9 35.8

Financial activities................................................................ 36.9 36.9 37.0 37.0

Professional and business services............................................ 35.3 35.4 35.4 35.4

Education and health services.................................................. 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 25.1 24.7 24.8 24.9

Other services..................................................................... 30.8 30.6 30.7 30.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.4

Durable goods....................................................................... 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.4

Nondurable goods................................................................... 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Total private............................................... $21.74 $22.22 $22.19 $22.24 $730.46 $746.59 $747.80 $749.49

Goods-producing....................................... 22.79 23.33 23.33 23.35 938.95 958.86 961.20 964.36

Mining and logging.................................. 27.07 27.63 27.69 27.67 1,231.69 1,268.22 1,268.20 1,258.99

Construction.......................................... 26.24 27.05 26.89 26.95 1,044.35 1,065.77 1,059.47 1,067.22

Manufacturing........................................ 20.60 20.98 21.06 21.06 861.08 879.06 884.52 884.52

Durable goods.................................... 21.62 21.97 22.04 22.03 912.36 927.13 934.50 931.87

Nondurable goods................................ 18.96 19.39 19.49 19.51 779.26 800.81 804.94 809.67

Private service-providing.............................. 21.52 21.99 21.96 22.00 697.25 712.48 713.70 715.00

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 19.13 19.47 19.44 19.51 640.86 658.09 659.02 665.29

Wholesale trade.................................. 24.36 24.87 24.76 24.90 945.17 967.44 965.64 971.10

Retail trade........................................ 15.18 15.39 15.38 15.44 450.85 466.32 467.55 472.46

Transportation and warehousing............... 20.98 21.52 21.56 21.62 807.73 822.06 825.75 830.21

Utilities............................................. 35.58 36.23 36.15 36.14 1,494.36 1,547.02 1,539.99 1,539.56

Information........................................... 30.31 30.82 30.88 31.09 1,072.97 1,106.44 1,108.59 1,113.02

Financial activities................................... 26.28 26.65 26.66 26.61 969.73 983.39 986.42 984.57

Professional and business services.............. 25.72 26.30 26.25 26.28 907.92 931.02 929.25 930.31

Education and health services..................... 22.73 23.17 23.13 23.21 731.91 746.07 744.79 747.36

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 13.01 13.46 13.47 13.51 326.55 332.46 334.06 336.40

Other services....................................... 19.55 20.15 20.17 20.21 602.14 616.59 619.22 620.45

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Percent

change

from:

Oct.

2017 -

Nov.

2017p

Nov.

2016

Sept.

2017

Oct.

2017p

Nov.

2017p

Percent

change

from:

Oct.

2017 -

Nov.

2017p

Total private..................................... 113.2 114.8 115.4 115.5 0.1 164.5 170.4 171.1 171.7 0.4

Goods-producing............................. 89.4 90.7 91.1 91.6 0.5 124.8 129.6 130.2 131.0 0.6

Mining and logging........................ 112.7 127.1 127.0 127.7 0.6 177.4 204.2 204.6 205.4 0.4

Construction................................ 101.5 102.2 102.3 103.1 0.8 143.9 149.3 148.5 150.0 1.0

Manufacturing.............................. 82.9 84.1 84.5 84.8 0.4 111.7 115.4 116.4 116.8 0.3

Durable goods........................... 83.9 84.6 85.2 85.4 0.2 113.2 116.1 117.3 117.4 0.1

Nondurable goods...................... 81.2 83.0 83.1 83.7 0.7 108.8 113.7 114.5 115.4 0.8

Private service-providing.................... 120.0 121.5 122.2 122.3 0.1 177.1 183.2 184.0 184.5 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 107.3 109.0 109.4 110.1 0.6 146.4 151.4 151.8 153.3 1.0

Wholesale trade......................... 107.7 109.0 109.4 109.5 0.1 154.5 159.6 159.6 160.7 0.7

Retail trade.............................. 101.1 103.5 103.8 104.5 0.7 131.6 136.5 136.9 138.2 0.9

Transportation and warehousing...... 126.3 127.6 128.5 129.1 0.5 168.2 174.2 175.7 177.0 0.7

Utilities.................................... 96.1 97.2 96.9 96.8 -0.1 142.7 147.0 146.2 146.0 -0.1

Information................................. 90.2 89.4 89.3 88.7 -0.7 135.3 136.5 136.5 136.5 0.0

Financial activities......................... 112.6 114.6 114.9 115.0 0.1 182.0 187.9 188.5 188.3 -0.1

Professional and business services..... 131.9 134.8 135.2 135.6 0.3 201.8 211.0 211.2 212.0 0.4

Education and health services........... 137.4 140.0 140.1 140.4 0.2 206.2 214.1 213.9 215.1 0.6

Leisure and hospitality.................... 127.4 126.5 128.1 128.6 0.4 188.3 193.4 195.9 197.4 0.8

Other services............................. 102.3 102.6 103.1 103.2 0.1 145.8 150.6 151.5 151.9 0.3

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.