Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-12-0163 

8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, February 3, 2012 

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION – JANUARY 2012 

(NOTE: Data published in this release for women employees in the Government and 

Total nonfarm industries are erroneous. Errors are found in Summary table B and table 

B-5. Additional information is available at www.bls.gov/bls/ceswomen_usps.htm.)

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 243,000 in January, and the unemployment rate

decreased to 8.3 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Job growth was widespread 

in the private sector, with large employment gains in professional and business services, leisure and 

hospitality, and manufacturing. Government employment changed little over the month. 

Changes to The Employment Situation Data 

Establishment survey data have been revised as a result of the annual benchmarking process 

and the updating of seasonal adjustment factors. Also, household survey data for January 2012 

reflect updated population estimates. See the notes beginning on page 4, for more information 

about these changes. 

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Jan-10 Apr-10 Jul-10 Oct-10 Jan-11 Apr-11 Jul-11 Oct-11 Jan-12

Thousands

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month 

change, seasonally adjusted, January 2010 –

January 2012

Percent

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

Jan-10 Apr-10 Jul-10 Oct-10 Jan-11 Apr-11 Jul-11 Oct-11 Jan-12

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

January 2010 – January 2012
- 2 - 

Household Survey Data 

The unemployment rate declined by 0.2 percentage point in January to 8.3 percent; the rate has fallen 

by 0.8 point since August. (See table A-1.) The number of unemployed persons declined to 12.8 

million in January. (See the note on page 6 and tables B and C for information about annual population 

adjustments to the household survey estimates.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (7.7 percent) and blacks (13.6 

percent) declined in January. The unemployment rates for adult women (7.7 percent), teenagers (23.2 

percent), whites (7.4 percent), and Hispanics (10.5 percent) were little changed. The jobless rate for 

Asians was 6.7 percent, not seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

In January, the number of job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs fell to 7.3 million. 

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was little changed at 5.5 

million and accounted for 42.9 percent of the unemployed. (See tables A-11 and A-12.) 

After accounting for the annual adjustments to the population controls, the employment-population 

ratio (58.5 percent) rose in January, while the civilian labor force participation rate held at 63.7 

percent. (See table A-1. For additional information about the effects of the population adjustments, see 

table C.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons, at 8.2 million, changed little in 

January. These individuals were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because 

they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.) 

In January, 2.8 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, essentially unchanged 

from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, 

wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They 

were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the 

survey. (See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 1.1 million discouraged workers in January, little different 

from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not 

currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.7 

million persons marginally attached to the labor force in January had not searched for work in the 4 

weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table 

A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 243,000 in January. Private-sector employment grew by 

257,000, with the largest employment gains in professional and business services, leisure and 

hospitality, and manufacturing. Government employment was little changed over the month. (See table 

B-1.) 

Professional and business services continued to add jobs in January (+70,000). About half of the 

increase occurred in employment services (+33,000). Job gains also occurred in accounting and 

bookkeeping (+13,000) and in architectural and engineering services (+7,000). 
- 3 - 

Over the month, employment in leisure and hospitality increased by 44,000, primarily in food services 

and drinking places (+33,000). Since a recent low in February 2010, food services has added 487,000 

jobs. 

In January, health care employment continued to grow (+31,000). Within the industry, hospitals and 

ambulatory care services each added 13,000 jobs. 

Wholesale trade employment increased by 14,000 over the month. Since a recent employment low in 

May 2010, wholesale trade has added 144,000 jobs. 

Employment in retail trade continued to trend up in January. Job gains in department stores (+19,000), 

health and personal care stores (+7,000), and automobile dealers (+7,000) were partially offset by losses 

in clothing and clothing accessory stores (-14,000). Since an employment trough in December 2009, 

retail trade has added 390,000 jobs. 

In January, employment in information declined by 13,000, including a loss of 8,000 jobs in the motion 

picture and sound recording industry. 

In the goods-producing sector, manufacturing added 50,000 jobs. Nearly all of the increase occurred in 

durable goods manufacturing, with job growth in fabricated metal products (+11,000), machinery 

(+11,000), and motor vehicles and parts (+8,000). Durable goods manufacturing has added 418,000 jobs 

over the past 2 years. 

Employment in construction increased by 21,000 in January, following a gain of 31,000 in the previous 

month. Over the past 2 months, nonresidential specialty trade contractors added 30,000 jobs. 

Mining added 10,000 jobs in January, with most of the gain in support activities for mining (+8,000). 

Since a recent low in October 2009, mining employment has expanded by 172,000. 

Government employment changed little in January. Over the past 12 months, the sector has lost 

276,000 jobs, with declines in local government; state government, excluding education; and the U.S. 

Postal Service. 

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged in January. The 

manufacturing workweek increased by 0.3 hour to 40.9 hours, and factory overtime increased by 0.1 

hour to 3.4 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private 

nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1 hour to 33.8 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

In January, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 4 cents, or 

0.2 percent, to $23.29. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by 1.9 percent. 

In January, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees

edged up by 2 cents, or 0.1 percent, to $19.62. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) 

 
- 4 - 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for November was revised from +100,000 to 

+157,000, and the change for December was revised from +200,000 to +203,000. Monthly revisions 

result from additional sample reports and the monthly recalculation of seasonal factors. The annual 

benchmark process also contributed to these revisions. 

____________ 

The Employment Situation for February is scheduled to be released on Friday, March 9, 2012, at 

8:30 a.m. (EST). 

Changes to the Household Survey 

Effective with the collection of household survey data for January 2012, the questions on race 

and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity were modified to incorporate minor wording changes. 

In January 2012, the Census Bureau, which conducts the household survey, began a year-long 

process of reorganizing its regional office structure; for more information on these changes see 

www.census.gov/newsroom/pdf/General_QAs_FINAL2.pdf. Both the Census Bureau and the 

Bureau of Labor Statistics will monitor survey operations during the transition period. No 

impact on the employment and unemployment estimates from the survey is anticipated from 

this organizational change. 

 
- 5 - 

Revisions to Establishment Survey Data 

In accordance with annual practice, the establishment survey data released today have been revised to 

reflect comprehensive counts of payroll jobs, or benchmarks. These counts are derived principally from 

unemployment insurance tax records for March 2011. In addition, the data were updated to the 2012 

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) from the 2007 NAICS. This update resulted in 

minor changes to several detailed industries. The benchmark process resulted in revisions to not 

seasonally adjusted data from April 2010 forward and to seasonally adjusted data from January 2007 

forward. Some historical data predating the normal benchmark revision period also were revised due to 

the implementation of NAICS 2012 and other minor changes related to rounding and the recalculation of 

aggregate series. 

Table A presents revised total nonfarm employment data on a seasonally adjusted basis for January 

through December 2011. The revised data for April 2011 forward incorporate the effect of applying the 

rate of change measured by the sample to the new benchmark level, as well as updated net business 

birth/death model adjustments and new seasonal adjustment factors. The November and December 2011 

data also reflect the routine incorporation of additional sample receipts into the November final and 

December second preliminary estimates. The total nonfarm employment level for March 2011 was 

revised upward by 165,000 (162,000 on a not seasonally adjusted basis). The previously published level 

for December 2011 was revised upward by 266,000 (231,000 on a not seasonally adjusted basis). 

An article that discusses the benchmark and post-benchmark revisions, the change to NAICS 2012, and 

the other technical issues, as well as all revised historical Current Employment Statistics (CES) data, can 

be accessed through the CES homepage at www.bls.gov/ces/. Information on the revisions released 

today also may be obtained by calling (202) 691-6555. 

Table A. Revisions in total nonfarm employment, January-December 2011, seasonally adjusted 

(Numbers in thousands) 

2011 

January....................... 130,328 130,456 128 68 110 42

February..................... 130,563 130,676 113 235 220 -15

March.......................... 130,757 130,922 165 194 246 52

April............................ 130,974 131,173 199 217 251 34

May............................. 131,027 131,227 200 53 54 1

June............................. 131,047 131,311 264 20 84 64

July.............................. 131,174 131,407 233 127 96 -31

August........................ 131,278 131,492 214 104 85 -19

September................... 131,488 131,694 206 210 202 -8

October....................... 131,600 131,806 206 112 112 0

November................... 131,700 131,963 263 100 157 57

December (p).............. 131,900 132,166 266 200 203 3

 p = preliminary. 

Year and month 

Over-the-month change

As 

previously 

published 

As 

previously 

published

As revised Difference As revised Difference

Level
- 6 - 

Adjustments to Population Estimates for the Household Survey 

Effective with data for January 2012, updated population estimates which reflect the results of Census 

2010 have been used in the household survey. Population estimates for the household survey are 

developed by the U.S. Census Bureau. Each year, the Census Bureau updates the estimates to reflect 

new information and assumptions about the growth of the population during the decade. The change in 

population reflected in the new estimates results from the introduction of the Census 2010 count as the 

new population base, adjustments for net international migration, updated vital statistics and other 

information, and some methodological changes in the estimation process. The vast majority of the 

population change, however, is due to the change in base population from Census 2000 to Census 2010. 

In accordance with usual practice, BLS will not revise the official household survey estimates for 

December 2011 and earlier months. To show the impact of the population adjustment, however, 

differences in selected December 2011 labor force series based on the old and new population estimates 

are shown in table B. 

The adjustment increased the estimated size of the civilian noninstitutional population in December by 

1,510,000, the civilian labor force by 258,000, employment by 216,000, unemployment by 42,000, and 

persons not in the labor force by 1,252,000. Although the total unemployment rate was unaffected, the 

labor force participation rate and the employment-population ratio were each reduced by 0.3 percentage 

point. This was because the population increase was primarily among persons 55 and older and, to a 

lesser degree, persons 16 to 24 years of age. Both these age groups have lower levels of labor force 

participation than the general population. 

Data users are cautioned that these annual population adjustments affect the comparability of household 

data series over time. Table C shows the effect of the introduction of new population estimates on the 

comparison of selected labor force measures between December 2011 and January 2012. Additional 

information on the population adjustments and their effect on national labor force estimates is available 

at www.bls.gov/cps/cps12adj.pdf. 
- 7 - 

 

Table B. Effect of the updated population controls on December 2011 estimates by sex, race, and

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Category Total Men White Asian

Civilian noninstitutional population ...... 1,510 -116 1,626 -1,181 407 1,161 1,330

Civilian labor force .................. 258 -413 671 -1,385 166 731 781

Participation rate .................. -.3 -.3 -.2 -.3 -.3 -.2 -.3

Employed ........................... 216 -368 584 -1,266 165 676 675

Employment-population ratio ... -.3 -.3 -.2 -.3 -.2 -.2 -.3

Unemployed ........................ 42 -45 87 -119 2 55 106

Unemployment rate ............... .0 .0 .0 .0 -.1 .1 .1

Not in labor force ..................... 1,252 297 955 205 240 430 550

 NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or

African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose 

ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.

Women

Black or 

African 

American

Hispanic 

or Latino 

ethnicity

Table C. December 2011-January 2012 changes in selected labor force measures, 

with adjustments for population control effects

(Numbers in thousands)

Category

Civilian noninstitutional population ......... 1,685 1,510 175

Civilian labor force ........................ 508 258 250

Participation rate ..................... -.3 -.3 .0

Employed .............................. 847 216 631

Employment-population ratio ...... .0 -.3 .3

Unemployed ........................... -339 42 -381

Unemployment rate .................. -.2 .0 -.2

Not in labor force ........................ 1,177 1,252 -75

 1 This Dec.-Jan. change is calculated by subtracting the population control effect from the 

over-the-month change in the published seasonally adjusted estimates. 

2012 

population 

control effect

Dec.-Jan. 

change, as 

published

Dec.-Jan. 

change, after 

removing the 

population 

control effect 1
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Change from:

Dec. 2011-

Jan. 2012

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population............................................ 238,704 240,441 240,584 242,269 –

Civilian labor force............................................................ 153,250 153,937 153,887 154,395 –

Participation rate........................................................... 64.2 64.0 64.0 63.7 –

Employed.................................................................... 139,330 140,614 140,790 141,637 –

Employment-population ratio........................................... 58.4 58.5 58.5 58.5 –

Unemployed................................................................. 13,919 13,323 13,097 12,758 –

Unemployment rate..................................................... 9.1 8.7 8.5 8.3 –

Not in labor force............................................................. 85,454 86,503 86,697 87,874 –

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over....................................................... 9.1 8.7 8.5 8.3 –

Adult men (20 years and over).............................................. 8.9 8.3 8.0 7.7 –

Adult women (20 years and over).......................................... 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.7 –

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................. 25.4 23.7 23.1 23.2 –

White........................................................................... 8.1 7.6 7.5 7.4 –

Black or African American................................................... 15.7 15.5 15.8 13.6 –

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................. 6.9 6.5 6.8 6.7 –

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.................................................. 12.0 11.4 11.0 10.5 –

Total, 25 years and over....................................................... 7.6 7.3 7.2 7.0 –

Less than a high school diploma........................................... 14.3 13.3 13.8 13.1 –

High school graduates, no college......................................... 9.4 8.8 8.7 8.4 –

Some college or associate degree......................................... 8.1 7.6 7.7 7.2 –

Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................... 4.2 4.4 4.1 4.2 –

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs................... 8,463 7,599 7,602 7,321 –

Job leavers....................................................................... 914 1,005 953 939 –

Reentrants........................................................................ 3,351 3,355 3,399 3,325 –

New entrants..................................................................... 1,337 1,276 1,280 1,253 –

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks.............................................................. 2,659 2,510 2,669 2,486 –

5 to 14 weeks.................................................................... 3,012 2,896 2,858 2,884 –

15 to 26 weeks.................................................................. 2,253 2,087 2,039 1,980 –

27 weeks and over.............................................................. 6,205 5,680 5,588 5,518 –

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons............................................... 8,449 8,469 8,098 8,230 –

Slack work or business conditions.......................................... 5,772 5,578 5,305 5,372 –

Could only find part-time work.............................................. 2,472 2,496 2,419 2,551 –

Part time for noneconomic reasons........................................... 17,923 18,363 18,372 18,636 –

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force........................................ 2,800 2,591 2,540 2,809 –

Discouraged workers......................................................... 993 1,096 945 1,059 –

- December - January changes in household data are not shown due to the introduction of updated population controls.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 157 203 243

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 178 220 257

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 8 71 81

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4 8 10

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -21 1 31 21

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 3 32 50

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 14 33 44

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.0 1.4 8.2 7.9

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -3 -11 -1 6

Private service-providing1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 170 149 176

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.0 6.9 14.8 14.0

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.9 33.8 6.2 10.5

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 9.9 6.7 13.1

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -9 -2 1 -13

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -3 11 4 -5

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 39 63 70

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.1 19.7 8.3 20.1

Education and health services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 20 28 36

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 6.2 22.0 29.7

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -8 42 19 44

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -7 8 5 7

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -9 -21 -17 -14

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.6 49.4 49.3 49.3

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.1 47.9 47.8 47.8

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.4 82.5 82.5 82.6

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 34.4 34.5 34.5

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 22.86 $ 23.23 $ 23.25 $ 23.29

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $784.10 $799.11 $802.13 $803.51

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.0 94.8 95.3 95.5

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.4 105.0 105.6 106.0

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 0.2 0.6 0.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS

PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.4 33.7 33.7 33.8

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 19.33 $ 19.58 $ 19.60 $ 19.62

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $645.62 $659.85 $660.52 $663.16

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.5 102.2 102.4 103.0

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.2 0.2 0.2 0.6

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.5 133.7 134.1 135.0

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.7

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private (266 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.8 55.6 62.4 64.1

Manufacturing (81 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.4 48.1 64.2 69.1

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing

industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance

between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2011 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors. Data published in this relese for women employees in the

Government and Total nonfarm industries are erroneous. Additional information is available at www.bls.gov/bls/ceswomen_usps.htm. 
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment 

and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller 

margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of 

its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically 

significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the 

household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than 

the establishment survey because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural 

workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household 

survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. 

Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it 

is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not 

collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify 

the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born. 

Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. 

The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information 

on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm. 

Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with 

fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the 

total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled 

to achieve that goal. 

Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment 

change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that 

forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the 

net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The 
 

establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not 

immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth 

of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new 

businesses to the survey twice a year. 

Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance 

benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who 

are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People 

on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or 

question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including 

those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In 

addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and 

other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in The Employment 

Situation news release. 

How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? 

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. 

Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay for 

holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but 

not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off 

work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such as 

those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment, employees have to 

be off work without pay for the entire pay period. About half of all employees in the payroll survey have 

a 2-week, semi-monthly, or monthly pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay 

period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to quantify the 

effect of extreme weather on estimates of employment from the establishment survey. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of the 

month. Persons who miss the entire week’s work for weather-related events are counted as employed 

whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the number of 

persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours, or had a job but were not at work the entire 

week, due to bad weather. Current and historical data are available on the household survey’s most 

requested statistics page at http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln. 
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household 

survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey 

(CES; establishment survey). The household survey 

provides information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked 

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 

60,000 eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census 

Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the CES program 

surveys about 141,000 businesses and government 

agencies, representing approximately 486,000 individual 

worksites, in order to provide detailed industry data on 

employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm 

payrolls. The active sample includes approximately onethird of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that 

contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment 

survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 

12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the 

calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment 

sometime during the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting 

recall need not be looking for work to be counted as 

unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the 

household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for 

or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or 

unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment 

rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor 

force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force 

as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. 

Additional information about the household survey can be 

found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are 

counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are 

produced for the private sector for all employees and for 

production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and 

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and 

logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal activity in accordance with the 2012 

version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/#technical. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between 

the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from 

the surveys. Among these are: 

 The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, the self-employed, unpaid family 

workers, and private household workers among the 

employed. These groups are excluded from the 

establishment survey. 

 The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not. 

 The household survey is limited to workers 16 

years of age and older. The establishment survey is 

not limited by age. 

 The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance. 

 
Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, 

and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal 

developments, such as declines in employment or increases 

in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to 

spot. For example, in the household survey, the large 

number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely 

to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative 

to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of 

economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the 

establishment survey, payroll employment in education 

declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term 

and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the 

underlying employment trends in the industry. Because 

seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of 

the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be 

adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more 

discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more 

useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-tomonth economic activity. 

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, 

such as total payroll employment, employment in most 

major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are 

computed by aggregating independently adjusted 

component series. For example, total unemployment is 

derived by summing the adjusted series for four major agesex components; this differs from the unemployment 

estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the 

total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more 

detailed age categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling 

error. When a sample rather than the entire population is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the "true" population values they represent. The 

exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the 

particular sample selected, and this variability is measured 

by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate 

based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard 

errors from the "true" population value because of sampling 

error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the 

establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 

100,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment 

increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-

percent confidence interval on the monthly change would 

range from -50,000 to +150,000 (50,000 +/- 100,000). 

These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by 

these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent 

chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within 

this interval. Since this range includes values of less than 

zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm 

employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, 

the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then 

all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval 

would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least 

a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, 

risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 

percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly 

change in unemployment as measured by the household 

survey is about +/- 280,000, and for the monthly change in 

the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.19 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, 

such as for quarterly and annual averages. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all 

respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide correct information on a timely 

basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in 

the collection or processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates 

for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete 

returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled 

preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive 

revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample 

reports have been received, that the estimate is considered 

final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 

account for business births. The first component excludes 
employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment 

gains from business births. This is incorporated into the 

sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting 

sample units going out of business, but imputing to them 

the same employment trend as the other firms in the 

sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net 

birth/death employment. 

The second component is an ARIMA time series 

model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death 

employment not accounted for by the imputation. The 

historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA 

model was derived from the unemployment insurance 

universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual 

residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough 

proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also 

incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over 

the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total 

nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a 

range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Jan.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Sept.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238,704 240,584 242,269 238,704 240,071 240,269 240,441 240,584 242,269

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152,536 153,373 153,485 153,250 154,004 154,057 153,937 153,887 154,395

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.9 63.8 63.4 64.2 64.1 64.1 64.0 64.0 63.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137,599 140,681 139,944 139,330 140,107 140,297 140,614 140,790 141,637

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.6 58.5 57.8 58.4 58.4 58.4 58.5 58.5 58.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,937 12,692 13,541 13,919 13,897 13,759 13,323 13,097 12,758

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.8 8.3 8.8 9.1 9.0 8.9 8.7 8.5 8.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86,168 87,212 88,784 85,454 86,067 86,213 86,503 86,697 87,874

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,643 6,135 6,495 6,412 6,240 6,407 6,595 6,385 6,319

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,828 116,832 116,808 115,828 116,559 116,664 116,755 116,832 116,808

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,103 82,019 81,298 81,604 82,142 82,199 82,341 82,373 82,070

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.0 70.2 69.6 70.5 70.5 70.5 70.5 70.5 70.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,307 74,837 73,772 73,785 74,435 74,492 74,975 75,235 75,288

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.4 64.1 63.2 63.7 63.9 63.9 64.2 64.4 64.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,796 7,181 7,526 7,819 7,707 7,707 7,366 7,138 6,781

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.8 8.8 9.3 9.6 9.4 9.4 8.9 8.7 8.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,725 34,813 35,510 34,224 34,417 34,465 34,414 34,459 34,739

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107,203 108,290 108,087 107,203 107,994 108,104 108,203 108,290 108,087

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,346 79,288 78,710 78,594 79,241 79,291 79,440 79,436 79,234

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.1 73.2 72.8 73.3 73.4 73.3 73.4 73.4 73.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,360 72,812 71,892 71,593 72,340 72,379 72,846 73,080 73,170

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.6 67.2 66.5 66.8 67.0 67.0 67.3 67.5 67.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,986 6,477 6,818 7,001 6,901 6,912 6,594 6,356 6,064

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.2 8.2 8.7 8.9 8.7 8.7 8.3 8.0 7.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,857 29,001 29,377 28,609 28,753 28,813 28,763 28,854 28,853

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,876 123,753 125,461 122,876 123,512 123,605 123,686 123,753 125,461

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,433 71,354 72,187 71,646 71,862 71,858 71,596 71,514 72,326

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.1 57.7 57.5 58.3 58.2 58.1 57.9 57.8 57.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,292 65,843 66,172 65,546 65,672 65,805 65,639 65,555 66,349

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.1 53.2 52.7 53.3 53.2 53.2 53.1 53.0 52.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,141 5,511 6,015 6,100 6,190 6,052 5,957 5,959 5,977

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6 7.7 8.3 8.5 8.6 8.4 8.3 8.3 8.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,443 52,398 53,274 51,230 51,650 51,748 52,090 52,238 53,135

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,637 115,602 117,082 114,637 115,338 115,437 115,526 115,602 117,082

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,842 68,746 69,513 68,843 68,989 68,981 68,711 68,748 69,449

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.1 59.5 59.4 60.1 59.8 59.8 59.5 59.5 59.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,300 63,676 64,062 63,403 63,406 63,520 63,352 63,323 64,078

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.2 55.1 54.7 55.3 55.0 55.0 54.8 54.8 54.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,542 5,070 5,451 5,440 5,584 5,461 5,359 5,425 5,370

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 7.4 7.8 7.9 8.1 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,795 46,856 47,569 45,794 46,349 46,457 46,815 46,854 47,634

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,863 16,693 17,100 16,863 16,739 16,728 16,711 16,693 17,100

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,348 5,339 5,262 5,813 5,774 5,785 5,786 5,704 5,713

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.7 32.0 30.8 34.5 34.5 34.6 34.6 34.2 33.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,939 4,193 3,990 4,334 4,362 4,398 4,416 4,387 4,389

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.4 25.1 23.3 25.7 26.1 26.3 26.4 26.3 25.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,409 1,146 1,272 1,479 1,412 1,386 1,370 1,316 1,324

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.3 21.5 24.2 25.4 24.5 24.0 23.7 23.1 23.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,516 11,354 11,837 11,050 10,965 10,943 10,925 10,989 11,387

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Jan.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Sept.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192,516 193,682 192,600 192,516 193,365 193,493 193,598 193,682 192,600

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,696 124,114 122,750 124,292 124,701 124,804 124,652 124,543 123,579

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.3 64.1 63.7 64.6 64.5 64.5 64.4 64.3 64.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,754 115,117 112,876 114,263 114,818 114,837 115,130 115,254 114,458

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.6 59.4 58.6 59.4 59.4 59.3 59.5 59.5 59.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,942 8,998 9,874 10,029 9,883 9,967 9,522 9,288 9,121

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.8 7.2 8.0 8.1 7.9 8.0 7.6 7.5 7.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,820 69,567 69,850 68,225 68,664 68,689 68,945 69,139 69,021

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,551 65,248 64,081 64,764 65,280 65,318 65,366 65,373 64,495

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.5 73.7 73.3 73.7 73.9 73.9 73.9 73.8 73.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,584 60,484 58,966 59,626 60,283 60,195 60,605 60,751 60,059

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.7 68.3 67.5 67.9 68.2 68.1 68.5 68.6 68.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,968 4,764 5,115 5,138 4,998 5,123 4,761 4,623 4,436

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 7.3 8.0 7.9 7.7 7.8 7.3 7.1 6.9

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,728 54,516 54,422 54,713 54,691 54,685 54,520 54,481 54,434

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.6 59.0 58.9 59.6 59.3 59.3 59.1 59.0 58.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,791 51,080 50,602 50,909 50,807 50,880 50,774 50,768 50,729

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.3 55.3 54.7 55.5 55.1 55.1 55.0 55.0 54.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,937 3,435 3,820 3,804 3,884 3,805 3,746 3,713 3,705

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 6.3 7.0 7.0 7.1 7.0 6.9 6.8 6.8

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,417 4,350 4,247 4,815 4,730 4,801 4,766 4,688 4,650

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 34.1 33.3 37.4 37.0 37.6 37.3 36.8 36.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,380 3,552 3,308 3,728 3,728 3,761 3,751 3,736 3,670

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.2 27.8 26.0 28.9 29.1 29.4 29.4 29.3 28.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,037 798 938 1,087 1,002 1,040 1,015 952 980

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.5 18.3 22.1 22.6 21.2 21.7 21.3 20.3 21.1

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,947 29,286 29,727 28,947 29,193 29,228 29,259 29,286 29,727

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,757 18,024 18,074 17,830 18,096 18,067 17,934 18,110 18,206

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.3 61.5 60.8 61.6 62.0 61.8 61.3 61.8 61.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,819 15,285 15,512 15,025 15,224 15,351 15,151 15,248 15,725

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.2 52.2 52.2 51.9 52.1 52.5 51.8 52.1 52.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,938 2,739 2,561 2,804 2,872 2,716 2,783 2,862 2,482

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.5 15.2 14.2 15.7 15.9 15.0 15.5 15.8 13.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,190 11,262 11,653 11,117 11,097 11,161 11,325 11,176 11,521

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,070 8,264 8,238 8,045 8,151 8,180 8,195 8,272 8,256

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.5 69.0 68.2 68.3 68.3 68.5 68.5 69.0 68.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,589 7,006 7,083 6,706 6,796 6,867 6,851 6,969 7,205

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.9 58.5 58.7 56.9 57.0 57.5 57.3 58.2 59.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,481 1,258 1,155 1,339 1,355 1,313 1,344 1,302 1,052

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.4 15.2 14.0 16.6 16.6 16.0 16.4 15.7 12.7

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,086 9,113 9,230 9,124 9,277 9,262 9,095 9,160 9,287

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 61.8 61.7 62.7 63.2 63.0 61.8 62.2 62.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,911 7,886 8,068 7,955 8,051 8,093 7,911 7,885 8,113

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.4 53.5 53.9 54.7 54.8 55.0 53.7 53.5 54.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,175 1,227 1,162 1,169 1,226 1,169 1,184 1,275 1,174

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.9 13.5 12.6 12.8 13.2 12.6 13.0 13.9 12.6

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 601 647 605 661 667 625 643 679 663

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.9 25.3 22.5 25.2 25.8 24.3 25.0 26.5 24.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 394 361 365 377 390 388 393 407

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.2 15.4 13.4 13.9 14.6 15.2 15.1 15.3 15.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282 254 244 296 291 234 255 286 255

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.9 39.2 40.3 44.8 43.6 37.5 39.6 42.1 38.5

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,351 11,580 12,735 – – – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Jan.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Sept.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,354 7,505 8,158 – – – – – –

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.8 64.8 64.1 – – – – – –

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,846 6,991 7,608 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.3 60.4 59.7 – – – – – –

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509 514 549 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 6.8 6.7 – – – – – –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,997 4,075 4,577 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Jan.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Sept.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population.................. 34,001 34,885 36,301 34,001 34,640 34,724 34,808 34,885 36,301

Civilian labor force................................. 22,714 23,309 23,949 22,787 23,014 23,253 23,222 23,270 24,045

Participation rate................................. 66.8 66.8 66.0 67.0 66.4 67.0 66.7 66.7 66.2

Employed......................................... 19,711 20,731 21,187 20,058 20,411 20,601 20,574 20,699 21,513

Employment-population ratio................ 58.0 59.4 58.4 59.0 58.9 59.3 59.1 59.3 59.3

Unemployed...................................... 3,003 2,579 2,762 2,729 2,603 2,652 2,648 2,571 2,532

Unemployment rate........................... 13.2 11.1 11.5 12.0 11.3 11.4 11.4 11.0 10.5

Not in labor force................................... 11,287 11,575 12,352 11,213 11,626 11,471 11,586 11,615 12,256

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 12,865 13,256 13,252 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 81.8 82.0 81.2 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 11,196 11,868 11,832 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 71.2 73.4 72.5 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 1,669 1,387 1,421 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 13.0 10.5 10.7 – – – – – –

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 8,892 9,082 9,703 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 59.7 59.4 59.4 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 7,873 8,146 8,609 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 52.9 53.3 52.7 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 1,019 936 1,094 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 11.5 10.3 11.3 – – – – – –

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................. 957 972 994 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 28.3 28.3 27.2 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 642 716 746 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 19.0 20.9 20.4 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 315 256 248 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 32.9 26.3 24.9 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release

of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Sept.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................... 11,437 11,723 11,374 11,392 11,746 11,760 11,713 11,688 11,469

Participation rate.................................... 45.3 46.8 45.3 45.1 46.5 47.4 47.0 46.7 45.6

Employed............................................ 9,545 10,043 9,669 9,761 10,108 10,141 10,161 10,080 9,968

Employment-population ratio................... 37.8 40.1 38.5 38.6 40.0 40.8 40.8 40.3 39.7

Unemployed......................................... 1,892 1,680 1,705 1,631 1,638 1,619 1,552 1,608 1,501

Unemployment rate.............................. 16.5 14.3 15.0 14.3 13.9 13.8 13.3 13.8 13.1

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................... 37,747 37,114 37,002 37,495 37,290 37,368 37,089 36,902 36,850

Participation rate.................................... 60.7 60.1 59.8 60.2 60.5 60.5 60.3 59.8 59.6

Employed............................................ 33,724 33,876 33,494 33,958 33,711 33,828 33,807 33,684 33,737

Employment-population ratio................... 54.2 54.9 54.2 54.6 54.7 54.8 54.9 54.5 54.6

Unemployed......................................... 4,023 3,237 3,508 3,537 3,579 3,540 3,282 3,218 3,113

Unemployment rate.............................. 10.7 8.7 9.5 9.4 9.6 9.5 8.8 8.7 8.4

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................... 36,701 37,040 37,240 36,796 37,070 36,984 36,816 37,024 37,214

Participation rate.................................... 70.0 69.1 69.3 70.2 69.3 69.2 68.5 69.1 69.2

Employed............................................ 33,591 34,299 34,435 33,827 33,963 33,941 34,009 34,167 34,525

Employment-population ratio................... 64.0 64.0 64.0 64.5 63.5 63.5 63.3 63.7 64.2

Unemployed......................................... 3,109 2,740 2,804 2,969 3,106 3,043 2,807 2,857 2,689

Unemployment rate.............................. 8.5 7.4 7.5 8.1 8.4 8.2 7.6 7.7 7.2

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................... 46,288 47,102 47,510 46,296 46,923 47,006 47,117 47,131 47,481

Participation rate.................................... 76.4 76.0 75.7 76.4 76.3 75.8 75.9 76.0 75.6

Employed............................................ 44,226 45,228 45,402 44,344 44,936 44,960 45,058 45,201 45,492

Employment-population ratio................... 73.0 73.0 72.3 73.2 73.0 72.5 72.6 72.9 72.4

Unemployed......................................... 2,062 1,873 2,108 1,952 1,986 2,046 2,059 1,930 1,989

Unemployment rate.............................. 4.5 4.0 4.4 4.2 4.2 4.4 4.4 4.1 4.2

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

Jan.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Jan.

2012

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,797 21,347 20,003 19,538 1,794 1,809

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,429 10,914 10,228 9,784 1,201 1,131

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.4 51.1 51.1 50.1 66.9 62.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,294 10,100 9,206 9,076 1,088 1,024

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.2 47.3 46.0 46.5 60.7 56.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,135 815 1,022 708 112 107

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 7.5 10.0 7.2 9.4 9.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,368 10,433 9,775 9,754 593 678

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,285 2,436 1,896 2,033 389 403

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,835 1,955 1,550 1,665 286 290

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.3 80.2 81.7 81.9 73.4 72.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,557 1,777 1,310 1,537 247 240

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.1 72.9 69.1 75.6 63.5 59.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278 178 240 128 39 50

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.2 9.1 15.5 7.7 13.5 17.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450 481 346 369 103 113

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,915 3,048 2,447 2,540 468 509

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,479 2,550 2,095 2,158 384 391

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.0 83.6 85.6 85.0 82.0 76.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,287 2,386 1,924 2,031 363 355

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.4 78.3 78.6 80.0 77.6 69.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 164 171 128 21 36

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7 6.4 8.2 5.9 5.4 9.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437 498 352 381 84 117

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,726 10,079 10,380 9,759 346 319

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,796 3,156 3,664 3,053 132 103

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.4 31.3 35.3 31.3 38.2 32.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,433 2,928 3,314 2,828 119 100

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.0 29.0 31.9 29.0 34.4 31.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364 229 351 225 13 4

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 7.2 9.6 7.4 9.8 3.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,930 6,922 6,716 6,706 214 216

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,870 5,784 5,280 5,206 590 578

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,318 3,253 2,919 2,907 399 346

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.5 56.2 55.3 55.9 67.6 59.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,017 3,009 2,658 2,680 359 329

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.4 52.0 50.3 51.5 60.8 56.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301 244 261 227 40 17

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1 7.5 8.9 7.8 10.1 4.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,552 2,531 2,361 2,298 191 233

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207,979 212,092 91,225 92,726 116,755 119,365

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,440 140,958 70,029 70,742 69,411 70,217

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.0 66.5 76.8 76.3 59.5 58.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,079 128,685 62,493 64,173 63,586 64,512

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.6 60.7 68.5 69.2 54.5 54.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,361 12,274 7,536 6,569 5,825 5,705

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 8.7 10.8 9.3 8.4 8.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,539 71,133 21,196 21,985 47,344 49,149

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S.

Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August

2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time

periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and

another period are classified only in the wartime period. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Jan.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Jan.

2012

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population....................................................... 26,885 27,482 211,819 214,788

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 5,406 5,502 147,130 147,983

Participation rate...................................................................... 20.1 20.0 69.5 68.9

Employed.............................................................................. 4,669 4,792 132,930 135,152

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 17.4 17.4 62.8 62.9

Unemployed........................................................................... 737 710 14,201 12,831

Unemployment rate................................................................ 13.6 12.9 9.7 8.7

Not in labor force........................................................................ 21,479 21,979 64,689 66,805

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,457 2,479 74,840 74,694

Participation rate...................................................................... 33.8 33.7 82.0 81.7

Employed.............................................................................. 2,106 2,103 66,669 67,803

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 29.0 28.6 73.0 74.2

Unemployed........................................................................... 351 376 8,171 6,891

Unemployment rate................................................................ 14.3 15.2 10.9 9.2

Not in labor force........................................................................ 4,805 4,875 16,448 16,729

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,178 2,189 66,162 66,727

Participation rate...................................................................... 29.4 28.6 70.9 70.4

Employed.............................................................................. 1,839 1,903 60,565 61,198

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 24.8 24.9 64.9 64.6

Unemployed........................................................................... 339 285 5,597 5,529

Unemployment rate................................................................ 15.6 13.0 8.5 8.3

Not in labor force........................................................................ 5,233 5,468 27,198 28,023

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 771 834 6,128 6,562

Participation rate...................................................................... 6.3 6.7 22.6 22.9

Employed.............................................................................. 724 785 5,696 6,151

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 5.9 6.3 21.0 21.5

Unemployed........................................................................... 47 49 432 411

Unemployment rate................................................................ 6.1 5.8 7.1 6.3

Not in labor force........................................................................ 11,441 11,636 21,042 22,052

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing

even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition;

has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or

shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

Jan.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Jan.

2012

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 36,294 37,593 17,884 18,289 18,410 19,305

Civilian labor force................................................... 24,517 25,156 14,256 14,418 10,261 10,738

Participation rate................................................... 67.6 66.9 79.7 78.8 55.7 55.6

Employed........................................................... 21,928 22,803 12,677 13,069 9,251 9,734

Employment-population ratio.................................. 60.4 60.7 70.9 71.5 50.3 50.4

Unemployed........................................................ 2,589 2,353 1,579 1,350 1,010 1,003

Unemployment rate............................................. 10.6 9.4 11.1 9.4 9.8 9.3

Not in labor force..................................................... 11,777 12,437 3,628 3,871 8,148 8,567

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 202,410 204,676 97,944 98,519 104,466 106,157

Civilian labor force................................................... 128,019 128,329 66,847 66,880 61,172 61,450

Participation rate................................................... 63.2 62.7 68.3 67.9 58.6 57.9

Employed........................................................... 115,671 117,141 59,630 60,703 56,041 56,438

Employment-population ratio.................................. 57.1 57.2 60.9 61.6 53.6 53.2

Unemployed........................................................ 12,348 11,188 7,217 6,176 5,131 5,012

Unemployment rate............................................. 9.6 8.7 10.8 9.2 8.4 8.2

Not in labor force..................................................... 74,391 76,347 31,097 31,640 43,294 44,707

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or

one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the

United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Sept.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................... 2,100 2,196 2,042 2,252 2,268 2,257 2,262 2,349 2,208

Wage and salary workers1....................... 1,263 1,358 1,259 1,378 1,379 1,317 1,359 1,429 1,376

Self-employed workers, unincorporated......... 819 823 765 846 843 864 849 874 800

Unpaid family workers............................. 18 15 18 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries............................ 135,499 138,485 137,902 137,156 137,932 138,167 138,304 138,411 139,491

Wage and salary workers1

....................... 126,882 129,966 129,299 128,197 129,595 129,531 129,604 129,662 130,569

Government...................................... 20,626 20,652 20,519 20,719 20,568 20,516 20,434 20,616 20,583

Private industries................................ 106,255 109,314 108,780 107,485 108,774 108,977 109,159 109,064 109,966

Private households............................ 610 640 569 – – – – – –

Other industries............................... 105,645 108,674 108,211 106,845 108,026 108,177 108,485 108,407 109,353

Self-employed workers, unincorporated......... 8,526 8,428 8,491 8,818 8,336 8,553 8,628 8,587 8,769

Unpaid family workers............................. 91 91 112 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3................... 9,187 8,428 8,918 8,449 9,270 8,790 8,469 8,098 8,230

Slack work or business conditions............... 6,513 5,650 6,025 5,772 5,900 5,839 5,578 5,305 5,372

Could only find part-time work.................... 2,373 2,408 2,479 2,472 2,844 2,538 2,496 2,419 2,551

Part time for noneconomic reasons4.............. 18,048 19,048 18,958 17,923 18,329 18,401 18,363 18,372 18,636

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3

................... 9,027 8,259 8,747 8,315 9,115 8,664 8,358 7,952 8,083

Slack work or business conditions............... 6,415 5,534 5,922 5,685 5,803 5,762 5,502 5,199 5,278

Could only find part-time work.................... 2,358 2,381 2,464 2,488 2,869 2,566 2,518 2,423 2,563

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 17,675 18,641 18,596 17,588 17,915 18,003 17,941 17,969 18,298

1 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the

entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions,

inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training,

retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during

the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Sept.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137,599 140,681 139,944 139,330 140,107 140,297 140,614 140,790 141,637

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,939 4,193 3,990 4,334 4,362 4,398 4,416 4,387 4,389

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,225 1,247 1,160 1,400 1,417 1,436 1,413 1,304 1,333

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,713 2,946 2,830 2,946 2,952 2,970 2,995 3,060 3,064

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133,660 136,488 135,954 134,996 135,745 135,899 136,198 136,403 137,248

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,573 13,041 12,953 12,977 13,090 13,346 13,200 13,195 13,335

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121,087 123,447 123,000 122,067 122,659 122,521 122,973 123,234 123,901

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92,980 94,069 93,271 93,761 93,506 93,356 93,708 93,882 93,991

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,065 30,800 29,995 30,443 30,607 30,562 30,743 30,771 30,367

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,107 30,350 30,394 30,375 30,092 30,094 30,222 30,271 30,614

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,807 32,919 32,883 32,942 32,807 32,700 32,743 32,841 33,009

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,106 29,378 29,729 28,307 29,152 29,165 29,264 29,352 29,910

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,307 74,837 73,772 73,785 74,435 74,492 74,975 75,235 75,288

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,947 2,026 1,880 2,192 2,095 2,113 2,129 2,155 2,118

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 608 576 524 709 672 662 654 635 620

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,339 1,450 1,357 1,470 1,425 1,449 1,465 1,501 1,487

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,360 72,812 71,892 71,593 72,340 72,379 72,846 73,080 73,170

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,484 6,836 6,685 6,791 6,875 7,081 6,980 6,998 7,003

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,876 65,976 65,207 64,835 65,489 65,331 65,853 66,084 66,169

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,251 50,461 49,592 50,022 50,080 49,901 50,368 50,528 50,358

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,254 16,877 16,120 16,562 16,712 16,668 16,895 16,885 16,440

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,148 16,432 16,357 16,382 16,298 16,240 16,370 16,422 16,573

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,849 17,152 17,116 17,078 17,069 16,992 17,102 17,221 17,346

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,625 15,515 15,615 14,813 15,409 15,430 15,485 15,556 15,811

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,292 65,843 66,172 65,546 65,672 65,805 65,639 65,555 66,349

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,992 2,167 2,110 2,142 2,266 2,286 2,287 2,232 2,270

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 617 672 636 691 745 773 759 669 713

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,374 1,495 1,474 1,476 1,527 1,521 1,530 1,559 1,577

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,300 63,676 64,062 63,403 63,406 63,520 63,352 63,323 64,078

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,090 6,205 6,268 6,186 6,215 6,265 6,220 6,198 6,332

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,210 57,471 57,794 57,233 57,170 57,190 57,119 57,150 57,732

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,729 43,608 43,679 43,739 43,427 43,455 43,340 43,354 43,633

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,811 13,923 13,875 13,881 13,895 13,894 13,848 13,886 13,928

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,959 13,918 14,037 13,993 13,794 13,854 13,852 13,849 14,041

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,959 15,767 15,767 15,865 15,737 15,708 15,641 15,620 15,664

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,481 13,863 14,115 13,494 13,743 13,735 13,779 13,796 14,099

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42,492 43,786 43,191 42,931 43,640 43,661 43,933 43,709 43,658

Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,615 34,516 34,672 34,461 34,091 34,225 34,442 34,177 34,445

Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,686 8,807 9,075 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110,373 113,050 111,879 112,284 112,479 112,841 113,212 113,765 113,845

Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,226 27,630 28,065 26,924 27,640 27,463 27,378 27,040 27,739

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,621 7,030 6,830 6,835 6,970 6,903 7,004 7,013 7,038

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 5.0 4.9 4.9 5.0 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.0

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,208 5,199 5,191 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,345 9,252 9,256 9,663 9,179 9,417 9,478 9,461 9,569

1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Jan.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Sept.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over............................. 13,919 13,097 12,758 9.1 9.0 8.9 8.7 8.5 8.3

16 to 19 years...................................... 1,479 1,316 1,324 25.4 24.5 24.0 23.7 23.1 23.2

16 to 17 years.................................... 538 501 539 27.8 26.3 25.2 23.3 27.8 28.8

18 to 19 years.................................... 937 826 788 24.1 23.2 23.2 23.4 21.3 20.5

20 years and over.................................. 12,441 11,781 11,434 8.4 8.4 8.3 8.1 8.0 7.7

20 to 24 years.................................... 2,305 2,221 2,050 15.1 14.6 13.9 14.2 14.4 13.3

25 years and over............................... 10,094 9,593 9,353 7.6 7.7 7.7 7.3 7.2 7.0

25 to 54 years................................. 8,070 7,681 7,492 7.9 8.1 8.0 7.6 7.6 7.4

25 to 34 years.............................. 3,110 3,191 3,001 9.3 9.7 9.7 9.2 9.4 9.0

35 to 44 years.............................. 2,422 2,220 2,250 7.4 7.4 7.2 7.0 6.8 6.8

45 to 54 years.............................. 2,538 2,271 2,241 7.2 7.2 7.1 6.7 6.5 6.4

55 years and over............................. 2,020 1,929 1,867 6.7 6.7 7.0 6.4 6.2 5.9

Men, 16 years and over.............................. 7,819 7,138 6,781 9.6 9.4 9.4 8.9 8.7 8.3

16 to 19 years...................................... 818 782 717 27.2 27.8 27.3 26.6 26.6 25.3

16 to 17 years.................................... 288 278 291 28.9 27.6 27.4 26.7 30.5 32.0

18 to 19 years.................................... 529 504 427 26.4 27.1 27.4 26.7 25.1 22.3

20 years and over.................................. 7,001 6,356 6,064 8.9 8.7 8.7 8.3 8.0 7.7

20 to 24 years.................................... 1,277 1,262 1,159 15.8 15.7 14.6 15.6 15.3 14.2

25 years and over............................... 5,695 5,112 4,886 8.1 8.0 8.1 7.4 7.2 6.9

25 to 54 years................................. 4,552 4,099 3,887 8.3 8.3 8.4 7.7 7.5 7.2

25 to 34 years.............................. 1,792 1,764 1,617 9.8 9.8 10.1 9.2 9.5 9.0

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,350 1,179 1,129 7.6 7.6 7.4 7.0 6.7 6.4

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,410 1,155 1,141 7.6 7.5 7.5 6.8 6.3 6.2

55 years and over............................. 1,142 1,013 999 7.2 6.9 7.2 6.7 6.1 5.9

Women, 16 years and over.......................... 6,100 5,959 5,977 8.5 8.6 8.4 8.3 8.3 8.3

16 to 19 years...................................... 661 535 607 23.6 21.1 20.6 20.7 19.3 21.1

16 to 17 years.................................... 251 223 249 26.6 25.1 23.2 20.0 25.0 25.8

18 to 19 years.................................... 408 322 361 21.7 19.0 18.6 20.1 17.1 18.6

20 years and over.................................. 5,440 5,425 5,370 7.9 8.1 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.7

20 to 24 years.................................... 1,028 959 891 14.2 13.4 13.1 12.6 13.4 12.3

25 years and over............................... 4,400 4,481 4,467 7.1 7.5 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.2

25 to 54 years................................. 3,518 3,583 3,604 7.4 7.8 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.6

25 to 34 years.............................. 1,318 1,427 1,383 8.7 9.5 9.2 9.2 9.3 9.0

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,072 1,040 1,121 7.1 7.3 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.4

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,128 1,115 1,100 6.6 6.8 6.6 6.6 6.7 6.6

55 years and over1

........................... 906 832 890 6.3 6.6 6.5 5.8 5.7 5.9

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present....................... 2,699 2,328 2,347 5.9 5.8 5.8 5.3 5.1 5.1

Married women, spouse present.................... 2,048 1,950 2,033 5.6 5.8 5.7 5.3 5.4 5.6

Women who maintain families1

.................... 1,268 1,308 1,236 12.7 12.4 12.3 12.4 12.9 12.0

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2.................................... 12,123 11,286 10,982 9.7 9.8 9.5 9.2 9.0 8.8

Part-time workers3................................... 1,794 1,825 1,746 6.2 6.0 6.4 6.0 6.3 5.9

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.

3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time

jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Sept.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 9,520 7,691 8,234 8,463 8,028 7,924 7,599 7,602 7,321

On temporary layoff................................ 1,825 1,385 1,892 1,241 1,195 1,226 1,181 1,216 1,284

Not on temporary layoff............................ 7,695 6,306 6,342 7,222 6,833 6,699 6,418 6,386 6,037

Permanent job losers............................ 6,097 5,000 4,948 5,840 5,416 5,308 5,033 5,089 4,807

Persons who completed temporary jobs...... 1,599 1,306 1,395 1,382 1,417 1,391 1,385 1,296 1,230

Job leavers............................................. 935 894 957 914 972 1,068 1,005 953 939

Reentrants............................................. 3,332 3,018 3,276 3,351 3,484 3,387 3,355 3,399 3,325

New entrants.......................................... 1,150 1,090 1,074 1,337 1,323 1,291 1,276 1,280 1,253

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 63.7 60.6 60.8 60.2 58.1 58.0 57.4 57.4 57.0

On temporary layoff................................ 12.2 10.9 14.0 8.8 8.7 9.0 8.9 9.2 10.0

Not on temporary layoff............................ 51.5 49.7 46.8 51.3 49.5 49.0 48.5 48.3 47.0

Job leavers............................................. 6.3 7.0 7.1 6.5 7.0 7.8 7.6 7.2 7.3

Reentrants............................................. 22.3 23.8 24.2 23.8 25.2 24.8 25.3 25.7 25.9

New entrants.......................................... 7.7 8.6 7.9 9.5 9.6 9.4 9.6 9.7 9.8

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 6.2 5.0 5.4 5.5 5.2 5.1 4.9 4.9 4.7

Job leavers............................................. 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6

Reentrants............................................. 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2

New entrants.......................................... 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Sept.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 3,181 2,640 2,923 2,659 2,743 2,676 2,510 2,669 2,486

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 3,267 2,735 3,106 3,012 2,902 3,285 2,896 2,858 2,884

15 weeks and over.................................... 8,489 7,317 7,512 8,458 8,227 7,869 7,766 7,628 7,498

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 2,182 1,906 1,915 2,253 2,029 2,029 2,087 2,039 1,980

27 weeks and over................................. 6,307 5,411 5,597 6,205 6,197 5,839 5,680 5,588 5,518

Average (mean) duration, in weeks1

.............. 35.5 39.7 38.2 37.1 40.4 39.2 40.9 40.8 40.1

Median duration, in weeks........................... 19.9 21.0 19.2 21.7 21.8 20.8 21.5 21.0 21.1

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 21.3 20.8 21.6 18.8 19.8 19.4 19.1 20.3 19.3

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 21.9 21.5 22.9 21.3 20.9 23.8 22.0 21.7 22.4

15 weeks and over.................................... 56.8 57.7 55.5 59.9 59.3 56.9 59.0 58.0 58.3

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 14.6 15.0 14.1 15.9 14.6 14.7 15.8 15.5 15.4

27 weeks and over................................. 42.2 42.6 41.3 43.9 44.7 42.2 43.1 42.5 42.9

1 Beginning in January 2011, this series reflects a change to the collection of data on unemployment duration. For more information, see

www.bls.gov/cps/duration.htm.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Jan.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Jan.

2012

Total, 16 years and over1

............................................. 137,599 139,944 14,937 13,541 9.8 8.8

Management, professional, and related occupations............ 51,866 53,152 2,557 2,410 4.7 4.3

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations...................................................... 21,139 22,255 1,177 1,044 5.3 4.5

Professional and related occupations........................... 30,727 30,897 1,380 1,366 4.3 4.2

Service occupations.................................................. 23,819 24,334 2,773 2,876 10.4 10.6

Sales and office occupations....................................... 33,497 33,305 3,364 2,972 9.1 8.2

Sales and related occupations................................... 15,268 15,585 1,574 1,398 9.3 8.2

Office and administrative support occupations................. 18,229 17,721 1,790 1,574 8.9 8.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations......................................................... 12,205 12,561 2,623 2,152 17.7 14.6

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations..................... 893 845 233 243 20.7 22.3

Construction and extraction occupations....................... 6,587 6,887 1,960 1,557 22.9 18.4

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............. 4,725 4,828 430 353 8.3 6.8

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations......................................................... 16,211 16,592 2,411 2,016 12.9 10.8

Production occupations........................................... 8,032 8,274 1,122 959 12.3 10.4

Transportation and material moving occupations.............. 8,180 8,318 1,289 1,057 13.6 11.3

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Jan.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Jan.

2012

Total, 16 years and over1................................................................ 14,937 13,541 9.8 8.8

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers................................... 11,778 10,736 10.0 9.0

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction..................................... 66 78 8.5 9.4

Construction........................................................................... 1,879 1,479 22.5 17.7

Manufacturing......................................................................... 1,519 1,283 9.9 8.4

Durable goods...................................................................... 955 796 9.9 8.3

Nondurable goods................................................................. 564 487 9.9 8.6

Wholesale and retail trade.......................................................... 1,866 1,906 9.1 9.3

Transportation and utilities.......................................................... 498 400 8.8 7.0

Information............................................................................ 228 227 7.3 7.9

Financial activities.................................................................... 647 462 7.2 4.9

Professional and business services................................................ 1,511 1,441 10.2 9.5

Education and health services...................................................... 1,264 1,214 5.8 5.5

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 1,788 1,647 13.8 12.6

Other services........................................................................ 513 601 8.8 9.3

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers.......................... 236 259 16.0 17.6

Government workers.................................................................... 1,088 890 5.0 4.2

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............. 685 582 6.8 5.8

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Sept.

2011

Oct.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011

Jan.

2012

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as

a percent of the civilian labor force.............. 5.6 4.8 4.9 5.5 5.3 5.1 5.0 5.0 4.9

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force........................................... 6.2 5.0 5.4 5.5 5.2 5.1 4.9 4.9 4.7

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate).................................................. 9.8 8.3 8.8 9.1 9.0 8.9 8.7 8.5 8.3

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

discouraged workers............................... 10.4 8.8 9.4 9.7 9.6 9.5 9.3 9.1 8.9

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers,

plus all other persons marginally attached to

the labor force, as a percent of the civilian

labor force plus all persons marginally attached

to the labor force................................... 11.4 9.8 10.5 10.7 10.5 10.4 10.2 10.0 9.9

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic reasons,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all

persons marginally attached to the labor

force.................................................. 17.3 15.2 16.2 16.1 16.4 16.0 15.6 15.2 15.1

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are

available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a

job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for

full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

Jan.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Jan.

2012

Jan.

2011

Jan.

2012

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force............................................. 86,168 88,784 34,725 35,510 51,443 53,274

Persons who currently want a job.................................. 6,643 6,495 3,237 3,073 3,406 3,422

Marginally attached to the labor force1........................ 2,800 2,809 1,454 1,452 1,346 1,356

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 993 1,059 588 638 406 421

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . .. 1,807 1,749 866 814 941 936

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4............................................. 6,621 6,830 3,178 3,372 3,443 3,459

Percent of total employed........................................... 4.8 4.9 4.4 4.6 5.3 5.2

Primary job full time, secondary job part time.................... 3,510 3,441 1,869 1,985 1,641 1,456

Primary and secondary jobs both part time....................... 1,728 1,878 603 603 1,125 1,275

Primary and secondary jobs both full time........................ 182 259 107 124 76 135

Hours vary on primary or secondary job.......................... 1,167 1,216 585 650 581 566

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week,

but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling

or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation

problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

Change

from:

Dec.2011 -

Jan.2012p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128,327 133,172 132,952 130,263 130,456 131,963 132,166 132,409 243

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106,199 110,692 110,614 108,403 108,207 109,959 110,179 110,436 257

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,291 18,271 18,075 17,726 17,821 18,114 18,185 18,266 81

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 721 820 818 812 738 814 822 832 10

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.5 49.7 48.9 48.9 48.4 48.7 49.1 49.6 0.5

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 673.7 769.9 769.0 763.1 689.9 764.9 772.7 782.2 9.5

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162.0 183.2 185.5 184.6 162.9 183.2 185.4 186.1 0.7

Mining, except oil and gas1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199.5 221.6 216.4 209.3 210.5 219.1 220.6 221.0 0.4

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.7 87.1 86.9 86.5 83.7 86.9 86.6 86.7 0.1

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312.2 365.1 367.1 369.2 316.5 362.6 366.7 375.1 8.4

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,046 5,644 5,441 5,160 5,456 5,520 5,551 5,572 21

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,152.8 1,247.5 1,223.9 1,178.4 1,212.3 1,226.9 1,228.4 1,237.3 8.9

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528.9 577.6 571.2 543.1 561.8 568.5 572.8 575.3 2.5

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623.9 669.9 652.7 635.3 650.5 658.4 655.6 662.0 6.4

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . . 710.4 867.1 799.6 731.7 818.8 834.2 841.5 840.1 -1.4

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,183.2 3,529.8 3,417.0 3,250.3 3,424.7 3,458.5 3,480.6 3,494.6 14.0

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . 1,327.8 1,479.2 1,424.7 1,353.4 1,431.8 1,453.4 1,455.1 1,459.4 4.3

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . . 1,855.4 2,050.6 1,992.3 1,896.9 1,992.9 2,005.1 2,025.5 2,035.2 9.7

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,524 11,807 11,816 11,754 11,627 11,780 11,812 11,862 50

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,124 7,344 7,365 7,355 7,174 7,331 7,364 7,408 44

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332.6 331.7 329.0 327.2 340.3 331.4 331.8 334.9 3.1

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348.4 368.9 360.9 350.4 366.5 364.2 366.0 368.3 2.3

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372.8 400.1 400.9 401.5 373.5 399.6 400.7 402.4 1.7

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,310.2 1,361.0 1,366.6 1,370.2 1,316.8 1,359.4 1,367.9 1,378.8 10.9

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,025.2 1,075.9 1,086.0 1,091.9 1,027.1 1,076.0 1,085.5 1,096.0 10.5

Computer and electronic products1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,099.4 1,108.7 1,110.6 1,104.0 1,100.6 1,107.1 1,107.5 1,105.6 -1.9

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . . 156.7 161.8 162.7 162.4 156.8 161.1 162.2 162.4 0.2

Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.8 113.2 112.9 111.5 117.5 113.1 112.5 111.3 -1.2

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376.5 387.4 387.0 385.6 376.6 387.0 386.3 386.4 0.1

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406.1 401.3 402.6 399.4 406.8 401.1 401.5 400.2 -1.3

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . . 365.1 367.7 368.0 368.3 365.7 367.3 367.9 368.8 0.9

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,352.1 1,408.3 1,421.4 1,423.3 1,355.6 1,405.1 1,415.0 1,425.3 10.3

Motor vehicles and parts2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 698.7 732.8 743.5 744.9 702.4 730.2 738.4 746.3 7.9

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348.4 347.9 346.1 344.1 353.8 349.8 348.2 349.7 1.5

Miscellaneous manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 569.5 573.7 575.6 574.1 573.8 571.0 573.3 578.6 5.3

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,400 4,463 4,451 4,399 4,453 4,449 4,448 4,454 6

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,434.7 1,454.9 1,447.7 1,418.2 1,457.2 1,446.0 1,442.3 1,442.3 0.0

Beverages and tobacco products. . . . . . . . . . . . 175.5 192.4 189.6 187.2 181.4 191.7 192.0 193.3 1.3

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.1 119.1 118.9 119.0 119.4 119.2 119.6 120.3 0.7

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.0 115.7 114.5 113.1 117.0 115.2 114.4 114.1 -0.3

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151.6 150.9 148.5 146.5 154.8 151.2 149.7 149.8 0.1

Leather and allied products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.6 30.4 30.4 30.6 28.0 30.3 30.4 30.9 0.5

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390.6 392.1 393.6 391.3 390.7 391.4 392.3 391.5 -0.8

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . . 473.5 462.6 460.9 457.4 477.6 460.7 459.8 461.5 1.7

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105.0 114.4 111.8 109.8 111.3 113.5 114.3 115.4 1.1

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 778.3 791.4 796.3 793.2 780.9 791.0 794.0 796.2 2.2

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 628.8 638.7 638.3 632.9 634.6 638.6 639.6 638.6 -1.0

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,908 92,421 92,539 90,677 90,386 91,845 91,994 92,170 176

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,619 25,591 25,804 25,016 24,821 25,154 25,183 25,220 37

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,430.0 5,573.9 5,580.7 5,528.8 5,483.4 5,554.1 5,568.9 5,582.9 14.0

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,709.6 2,767.2 2,774.8 2,757.9 2,729.3 2,761.9 2,771.3 2,778.3 7.0

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,902.9 1,960.3 1,957.9 1,929.5 1,930.7 1,948.9 1,952.7 1,957.0 4.3

Electronic markets and agents and brokers.. . 817.5 846.4 848.0 841.4 823.4 843.3 844.9 847.6 2.7

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,443.1 15,083.5 15,225.8 14,633.7 14,550.1 14,724.7 14,730.9 14,741.4 10.5

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,633.8 1,704.1 1,698.3 1,682.1 1,664.8 1,705.6 1,708.7 1,713.4 4.7

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,024.5 1,068.3 1,067.4 1,065.6 1,037.4 1,069.0 1,071.3 1,078.7 7.4

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . . 444.1 463.1 467.0 452.2 439.5 446.8 446.2 447.7 1.5

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

Change

from:

Dec.2011 -

Jan.2012p

Retail trade - Continued

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 533.9 539.6 541.7 514.8 530.2 515.8 514.2 511.9 -2.3

Building material and garden supply stores.. . 1,077.1 1,118.2 1,108.1 1,087.1 1,133.2 1,142.8 1,141.2 1,142.6 1.4

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,794.8 2,861.6 2,873.2 2,821.2 2,811.1 2,839.1 2,844.2 2,838.9 -5.3

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 976.7 996.7 999.9 991.9 976.8 987.0 983.9 991.3 7.4

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 811.2 832.6 827.3 818.3 822.2 833.3 830.9 829.6 -1.3

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . . 1,349.7 1,469.6 1,523.7 1,368.0 1,350.9 1,375.2 1,381.6 1,368.0 -13.6

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591.3 600.4 604.6 562.6 577.6 565.1 556.7 554.2 -2.5

General merchandise stores1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,055.2 3,261.0 3,337.1 3,146.8 3,054.9 3,118.3 3,126.6 3,141.6 15.0

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,551.3 1,671.1 1,734.6 1,618.9 1,534.0 1,570.1 1,575.7 1,595.1 19.4

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 746.5 774.7 778.1 748.7 760.8 760.6 761.2 763.7 2.5

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428.8 461.9 466.8 440.0 428.1 435.1 435.5 438.5 3.0

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,196.3 4,375.9 4,439.5 4,294.8 4,236.3 4,316.7 4,323.4 4,336.5 13.1

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450.8 454.7 454.8 451.9 453.2 455.8 455.3 454.3 -1.0

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221.3 232.0 231.4 229.5 222.7 231.2 231.5 231.2 -0.3

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.6 62.2 63.0 64.4 63.3 63.1 63.3 66.0 2.7

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,244.7 1,324.0 1,316.1 1,296.6 1,271.8 1,311.1 1,318.0 1,323.3 5.3

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446.6 449.0 449.7 447.8 436.4 431.4 434.1 437.4 3.3

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.4 43.3 43.5 43.8 42.1 43.2 43.4 43.5 0.1

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . . 19.3 25.9 24.4 22.9 26.4 29.7 29.6 30.8 1.2

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . . 547.7 576.8 575.8 572.9 552.4 574.5 574.6 577.5 2.9

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525.5 547.4 618.3 517.4 525.5 528.3 521.1 519.6 -1.5

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 636.4 660.6 662.5 647.6 642.5 648.4 652.5 652.9 0.4

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 549.5 557.4 558.0 558.2 551.2 558.2 559.5 559.6 0.1

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,653 2,656 2,658 2,606 2,678 2,644 2,645 2,632 -13

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . 748.4 748.7 749.4 741.4 751.1 745.8 746.0 744.2 -1.8

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347.2 364.0 365.3 335.5 365.4 359.5 362.3 354.4 -7.9

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284.0 281.4 281.1 278.5 284.7 279.0 279.7 279.0 -0.7

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 885.6 852.0 851.9 846.8 886.7 850.3 847.7 847.4 -0.3

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240.5 244.6 243.7 238.8 242.7 244.1 242.4 241.1 -1.3

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147.1 165.1 166.5 165.1 147.8 165.1 166.8 166.2 -0.6

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,618 7,690 7,709 7,644 7,666 7,691 7,695 7,690 -5

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,737.7 5,757.4 5,772.3 5,739.4 5,750.5 5,750.7 5,756.4 5,748.9 -7.5

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . . 18.9 19.2 18.8 18.8 19.0 19.2 18.9 18.9 0.0

Credit intermediation and related

activities1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,556.5 2,566.5 2,577.9 2,563.1 2,559.5 2,563.4 2,568.8 2,563.6 -5.2

Depository credit intermediation1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,731.6 1,741.6 1,748.0 1,741.7 1,733.3 1,742.0 1,744.8 1,742.1 -2.7

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,309.7 1,316.0 1,321.0 1,316.5 1,310.2 1,316.9 1,318.7 1,316.7 -2.0

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 801.3 806.3 804.3 797.4 803.7 805.1 802.6 799.7 -2.9

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . . 2,274.5 2,281.4 2,286.7 2,276.2 2,281.7 2,278.9 2,281.6 2,282.7 1.1

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles. . . 86.5 84.0 84.6 83.9 86.6 84.1 84.5 84.0 -0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,880.1 1,933.0 1,936.4 1,904.9 1,915.2 1,940.6 1,939.0 1,940.6 1.6

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,369.1 1,405.2 1,410.3 1,390.4 1,391.6 1,408.9 1,409.6 1,413.1 3.5

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487.0 503.5 501.7 490.7 499.4 507.4 505.2 503.6 -1.6

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . . 24.0 24.3 24.4 23.8 24.2 24.3 24.2 23.9 -0.3

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,706 17,676 17,691 17,314 17,055 17,521 17,584 17,654 70

Professional and technical services1

. . . . . . . . . . . 7,559.4 7,777.6 7,859.3 7,879.1 7,534.6 7,787.1 7,816.2 7,846.5 30.3

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,108.5 1,117.9 1,119.2 1,109.1 1,116.5 1,116.7 1,115.6 1,116.6 1.0

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . . 972.7 890.0 966.3 1,077.5 877.7 943.6 960.9 973.4 12.5

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . 1,258.9 1,307.3 1,302.7 1,289.4 1,277.8 1,301.9 1,302.4 1,309.3 6.9

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,487.2 1,563.4 1,564.6 1,553.5 1,493.0 1,553.1 1,557.6 1,559.3 1.7

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,021.3 1,105.3 1,113.5 1,088.3 1,033.9 1,092.7 1,098.6 1,101.6 3.0

Management of companies and enterprises. . . . 1,886.9 1,929.1 1,939.2 1,928.9 1,894.3 1,928.3 1,933.1 1,936.2 3.1

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,259.8 7,969.5 7,892.3 7,505.8 7,625.8 7,806.0 7,835.0 7,871.7 36.7

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

Change

from:

Dec.2011 -

Jan.2012p

Administrative and waste services - Continued

Administrative and support services1

. . . . . . . . 6,904.9 7,601.7 7,527.0 7,141.6 7,264.4 7,439.1 7,467.2 7,500.9 33.7

Employment services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,708.6 3,137.6 3,157.7 2,901.5 2,878.2 3,014.1 3,035.9 3,069.1 33.2

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,105.5 2,491.2 2,505.3 2,268.9 2,245.5 2,377.6 2,385.9 2,406.0 20.1

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 810.4 830.6 838.5 820.5 811.1 814.4 820.1 820.0 -0.1

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . . 1,612.0 1,798.5 1,702.5 1,619.5 1,777.3 1,784.1 1,781.5 1,785.5 4.0

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354.9 367.8 365.3 364.2 361.4 366.9 367.8 370.8 3.0

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,580 20,290 20,233 19,986 19,696 20,046 20,074 20,110 36

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,128.0 3,460.5 3,394.3 3,209.6 3,207.1 3,275.3 3,281.6 3,287.2 5.6

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,451.5 16,829.1 16,838.3 16,776.8 16,488.9 16,770.8 16,792.8 16,822.5 29.7

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,858.8 14,195.0 14,203.8 14,164.5 13,898.2 14,162.2 14,179.8 14,210.7 30.9

Ambulatory health care services1. . . . . . . . . 6,028.0 6,243.7 6,245.5 6,214.7 6,051.5 6,222.8 6,230.3 6,243.2 12.9

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,320.5 2,395.5 2,400.2 2,384.1 2,324.7 2,386.6 2,386.9 2,389.6 2.7

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 611.0 637.5 639.4 640.9 612.2 635.8 637.4 641.9 4.5

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,108.6 1,159.8 1,159.3 1,151.2 1,115.0 1,154.3 1,157.7 1,159.6 1.9

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,687.3 4,770.8 4,779.4 4,783.1 4,693.1 4,765.2 4,776.0 4,788.7 12.7

Nursing and residential care facilities1

. . . . 3,143.5 3,180.5 3,178.9 3,166.7 3,153.6 3,174.2 3,173.5 3,178.8 5.3

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,665.3 1,666.0 1,663.7 1,658.6 1,669.5 1,661.0 1,660.7 1,663.4 2.7

Social assistance1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,592.7 2,634.1 2,634.5 2,612.3 2,590.7 2,608.6 2,613.0 2,611.8 -1.2

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 858.4 857.0 854.8 844.3 849.1 839.5 840.7 835.9 -4.8

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,477 13,179 13,110 12,821 13,138 13,436 13,455 13,499 44

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,665.2 1,761.6 1,745.8 1,696.9 1,891.3 1,910.7 1,908.9 1,923.8 14.9

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . . 349.9 382.7 372.4 356.4 394.2 397.9 391.6 399.6 8.0

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks. . . 116.5 129.0 128.0 122.9 128.9 134.3 135.4 135.6 0.2

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . . 1,198.8 1,249.9 1,245.4 1,217.6 1,368.2 1,378.5 1,381.9 1,388.6 6.7

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,811.4 11,417.4 11,364.0 11,123.9 11,246.2 11,525.4 11,546.3 11,575.2 28.9

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,679.3 1,745.7 1,735.2 1,701.0 1,771.1 1,799.9 1,800.7 1,796.8 -3.9

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . . 9,132.1 9,671.7 9,628.8 9,422.9 9,475.1 9,725.5 9,745.6 9,778.4 32.8

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,255 5,339 5,334 5,290 5,332 5,353 5,358 5,365 7

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,135.3 1,162.0 1,156.3 1,148.4 1,153.9 1,166.0 1,165.8 1,167.1 1.3

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,249.5 1,284.5 1,288.7 1,268.4 1,270.0 1,288.6 1,291.0 1,289.3 -1.7

Membership associations and organizations. . . . 2,870.0 2,892.9 2,889.0 2,872.8 2,907.9 2,898.7 2,901.4 2,908.2 6.8

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,128 22,480 22,338 21,860 22,249 22,004 21,987 21,973 -14

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,851.0 2,830.0 2,834.0 2,809.0 2,873.0 2,839.0 2,835.0 2,829.0 -6.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,206.1 2,211.0 2,211.7 2,190.6 2,227.5 2,218.3 2,216.6 2,210.4 -6.2

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 644.4 618.5 622.1 618.6 645.1 620.3 618.7 618.1 -0.6

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,037.0 5,233.0 5,159.0 4,968.0 5,125.0 5,056.0 5,051.0 5,054.0 3.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,311.2 2,570.9 2,494.1 2,303.9 2,387.2 2,383.0 2,378.1 2,381.1 3.0

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 2,726.2 2,662.1 2,664.4 2,663.8 2,737.4 2,673.2 2,672.8 2,672.7 -0.1

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,240.0 14,417.0 14,345.0 14,083.0 14,251.0 14,109.0 14,101.0 14,090.0 -11.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,055.3 8,210.7 8,176.0 7,953.5 7,948.8 7,858.1 7,853.0 7,843.4 -9.6

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 6,184.4 6,206.0 6,169.2 6,129.3 6,302.5 6,251.2 6,247.6 6,246.1 -1.5

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2011 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 34.3 34.4 34.5 34.5

Goods-producing..................................................................... 39.8 39.9 40.2 40.4

Mining and logging................................................................ 44.9 44.3 45.2 45.7

Construction........................................................................ 37.7 38.1 38.4 38.5

Manufacturing...................................................................... 40.4 40.4 40.6 40.9

Durable goods................................................................... 40.7 40.8 41.0 41.3

Nondurable goods............................................................... 40.0 39.9 40.0 40.2

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.2 33.3 33.4 33.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 34.6 34.6 34.7 34.7

Wholesale trade................................................................. 38.5 38.8 38.8 38.8

Retail trade....................................................................... 31.6 31.7 31.9 31.8

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 38.8 38.4 38.4 38.6

Utilities............................................................................ 41.7 41.7 41.1 41.5

Information.......................................................................... 36.6 36.8 36.7 36.7

Financial activities................................................................. 37.1 37.4 37.4 37.5

Professional and business services............................................. 35.7 35.8 35.8 35.8

Education and health services................................................... 32.7 32.8 32.8 32.8

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 25.8 26.1 26.1 26.1

Other services...................................................................... 31.6 31.7 31.6 31.6

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4

Durable goods........................................................................ 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.4

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.3

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2011 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

Total private................................................. $22.86 $23.23 $23.25 $23.29 $ 784.10 $ 799.11 $ 802.13 $ 803.51

Goods-producing........................................ 24.34 24.48 24.57 24.56 968.73 976.75 987.71 992.22

Mining and logging................................... 27.89 28.24 28.38 28.20 1,252.26 1,251.03 1,282.78 1,288.74

Construction........................................... 25.39 25.43 25.44 25.42 957.20 968.88 976.90 978.67

Manufacturing......................................... 23.63 23.78 23.89 23.90 954.65 960.71 969.93 977.51

Durable goods...................................... 25.19 25.26 25.30 25.30 1,025.23 1,030.61 1,037.30 1,044.89

Nondurable goods................................. 21.08 21.28 21.49 21.50 843.20 849.07 859.60 864.30

Private service-providing............................... 22.51 22.93 22.94 22.98 747.33 763.57 766.20 767.53

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 19.82 20.21 20.22 20.23 685.77 699.27 701.63 701.98

Wholesale trade.................................... 26.24 26.53 26.50 26.47 1,010.24 1,029.36 1,028.20 1,027.04

Retail trade.......................................... 15.71 16.02 16.03 16.06 496.44 507.83 511.36 510.71

Transportation and warehousing................. 21.22 21.89 22.03 21.96 823.34 840.58 845.95 847.66

Utilities............................................... 33.21 33.74 33.73 33.69 1,384.86 1,406.96 1,386.30 1,398.14

Information............................................. 31.34 31.53 31.64 31.55 1,147.04 1,160.30 1,161.19 1,157.89

Financial activities.................................... 27.56 28.27 28.30 28.46 1,022.48 1,057.30 1,058.42 1,067.25

Professional and business services................ 27.44 27.95 27.90 27.90 979.61 1,000.61 998.82 998.82

Education and health services...................... 23.34 23.89 23.90 24.04 763.22 783.59 783.92 788.51

Leisure and hospitality............................... 13.17 13.31 13.32 13.29 339.79 347.39 347.65 346.87

Other services......................................... 20.36 20.61 20.65 20.65 643.38 653.34 652.54 652.54

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2011 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

Percent

change

from:

Dec.

2011 -

Jan.

2012p

Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

Percent

change

from:

Dec.

2011 -

Jan.

2012p

Total private....................................... 93.0 94.8 95.3 95.5 0.2 101.4 105.0 105.6 106.0 0.4

Goods-producing............................... 80.8 82.3 83.3 84.1 1.0 88.9 91.1 92.5 93.3 0.9

Mining and logging.......................... 104.1 113.3 116.7 119.5 2.4 116.6 128.5 133.0 135.3 1.7

Construction.................................. 70.9 72.5 73.5 73.9 0.5 78.2 80.1 81.2 81.7 0.6

Manufacturing................................ 84.5 85.6 86.3 87.3 1.2 92.9 94.7 95.9 97.0 1.1

Durable goods............................ 82.2 84.2 85.0 86.1 1.3 92.0 94.5 95.5 96.8 1.4

Nondurable goods........................ 88.9 88.6 88.8 89.4 0.7 95.1 95.7 96.8 97.5 0.7

Private service-providing...................... 96.4 98.2 98.7 98.9 0.2 105.1 109.1 109.7 110.1 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 93.4 94.7 95.0 95.2 0.2 99.6 103.0 103.4 103.6 0.2

Wholesale trade........................... 92.1 94.0 94.3 94.5 0.2 100.9 104.1 104.3 104.4 0.1

Retail trade................................ 93.4 94.8 95.5 95.2 -0.3 97.0 100.4 101.2 101.1 -0.1

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 94.1 94.9 95.0 95.8 0.8 101.3 105.4 106.2 106.8 0.6

Utilities..................................... 99.4 100.7 99.5 100.5 1.0 109.1 112.3 110.9 111.8 0.8

Information................................... 89.5 88.9 88.7 88.2 -0.6 99.9 99.8 99.9 99.1 -0.8

Financial activities........................... 93.7 94.8 94.8 95.0 0.2 100.8 104.6 104.8 105.6 0.8

Professional and business services....... 95.8 98.7 99.0 99.4 0.4 106.5 111.7 111.9 112.4 0.4

Education and health services............. 104.9 107.0 107.2 107.4 0.2 114.6 119.8 120.0 120.9 0.8

Leisure and hospitality...................... 96.7 100.1 100.2 100.5 0.3 102.8 107.4 107.7 107.8 0.1

Other services............................... 93.4 94.0 93.8 93.9 0.1 107.9 110.0 109.9 110.1 0.2

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2011 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

Total nonfarm............................................... 64,681 65,138 65,210 65,305 49.6 49.4 49.3 49.3

Total private.............................................. 52,056 52,626 52,708 52,810 48.1 47.9 47.8 47.8

Goods-producing...................................... 4,065 4,045 4,048 4,065 22.8 22.3 22.3 22.3

Mining and logging................................. 101 108 110 112 13.7 13.3 13.4 13.5

Construction........................................ 709 707 710 710 13.0 12.8 12.8 12.7

Manufacturing....................................... 3,255 3,230 3,228 3,243 28.0 27.4 27.3 27.3

Durable goods................................... 1,720 1,709 1,715 1,722 24.0 23.3 23.3 23.2

Nondurable goods............................... 1,535 1,521 1,513 1,521 34.5 34.2 34.0 34.1

Private service-providing............................. 47,991 48,581 48,660 48,745 53.1 52.9 52.9 52.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities............... 10,007 10,038 10,047 10,065 40.3 39.9 39.9 39.9

Wholesale trade................................. 1,646.6 1,674.3 1,678.5 1,680.3 30.0 30.1 30.1 30.1

Retail trade....................................... 7,225.1 7,220.1 7,223.5 7,234.2 49.7 49.0 49.0 49.1

Transportation and warehousing.............. 1,000.7 1,007.4 1,007.3 1,011.8 23.6 23.3 23.3 23.3

Utilities............................................ 134.9 136.0 137.4 138.3 24.5 24.4 24.6 24.7

Information.......................................... 1,088 1,071 1,068 1,065 40.6 40.5 40.4 40.5

Financial activities.................................. 4,490 4,473 4,481 4,477 58.6 58.2 58.2 58.2

Professional and business services............. 7,565 7,784 7,814 7,840 44.4 44.4 44.4 44.4

Education and health services................... 15,164 15,383 15,402 15,420 77.0 76.7 76.7 76.7

Leisure and hospitality............................. 6,861 7,013 7,024 7,052 52.2 52.2 52.2 52.2

Other services...................................... 2,816 2,819 2,824 2,826 52.8 52.7 52.7 52.7

Government.............................................. 12,625 12,512 12,502 12,495 56.7 56.9 56.9 56.9

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2011 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.'DWDSXEOLVKHGLQWKLVUHOHDVHIRU

ZRPHQHPSOR\HHVLQWKH*RYHUQPHQWDQG7RWDOQRQIDUPLQGXVWULHVDUHHUURQHRXV$GGLWLRQDOLQIRUPDWLRQLVDYDLODEOHDWZZZEOVJRYEOVFHVZRPHQBXVSVKWP
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

Total private................................................................................ 89,179 90,742 90,929 91,174

Goods-producing........................................................................ 12,826 13,047 13,117 13,188

Mining and logging................................................................... 553 614 621 630

Construction........................................................................... 4,134 4,165 4,198 4,224

Manufacturing......................................................................... 8,139 8,268 8,298 8,334

Durable goods...................................................................... 4,902 5,035 5,060 5,093

Nondurable goods................................................................. 3,237 3,233 3,238 3,241

Private service-providing............................................................... 76,353 77,695 77,812 77,986

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................................................. 21,002 21,340 21,364 21,393

Wholesale trade.................................................................... 4,391.2 4,459.0 4,477.2 4,494.7

Retail trade......................................................................... 12,525.3 12,712.1 12,714.3 12,717.5

Transportation and warehousing................................................. 3,647.2 3,724.4 3,726.5 3,735.6

Utilities............................................................................... 438.6 444.7 445.5 445.3

Information............................................................................ 2,153 2,124 2,126 2,116

Financial activities.................................................................... 5,885 5,896 5,903 5,906

Professional and business services................................................ 14,003 14,421 14,470 14,533

Education and health services...................................................... 17,262 17,569 17,594 17,629

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 11,578 11,857 11,864 11,912

Other services........................................................................ 4,470 4,488 4,491 4,497

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2011 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 33.4 33.7 33.7 33.8

Goods-producing..................................................................... 40.2 40.9 41.2 41.3

Mining and logging................................................................ 46.1 47.0 48.1 48.3

Construction........................................................................ 37.7 38.9 39.2 39.1

Manufacturing...................................................................... 41.1 41.5 41.6 41.9

Durable goods................................................................... 41.5 41.9 42.1 42.3

Nondurable goods............................................................... 40.4 40.8 40.9 41.2

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.3 32.5 32.5 32.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 33.5 33.8 33.8 33.9

Wholesale trade................................................................. 38.3 38.6 38.7 38.6

Retail trade....................................................................... 30.4 30.7 30.7 30.8

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 37.5 37.8 37.7 37.8

Utilities............................................................................ 42.4 41.7 40.5 41.2

Information.......................................................................... 36.4 36.2 36.0 36.1

Financial activities................................................................. 36.4 36.5 36.6 36.7

Professional and business services............................................. 35.2 35.2 35.2 35.2

Education and health services................................................... 32.1 32.4 32.4 32.4

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 24.7 24.8 24.9 24.9

Other services...................................................................... 30.7 30.7 30.8 30.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.3

Durable goods........................................................................ 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 4.0 4.0 3.9 4.1

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2011 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

Total private................................................. $19.33 $19.58 $19.60 $19.62 $ 645.62 $ 659.85 $ 660.52 $ 663.16

Goods-producing........................................ 20.53 20.73 20.80 20.80 825.31 847.86 856.96 859.04

Mining and logging................................... 24.09 24.87 24.82 24.82 1,110.55 1,168.89 1,193.84 1,198.81

Construction........................................... 23.49 23.68 23.73 23.69 885.57 921.15 930.22 926.28

Manufacturing......................................... 18.88 18.98 19.06 19.08 775.97 787.67 792.90 799.45

Durable goods...................................... 20.10 20.15 20.13 20.15 834.15 844.29 847.47 852.35

Nondurable goods................................. 16.99 17.11 17.34 17.35 686.40 698.09 709.21 714.82

Private service-providing............................... 19.07 19.34 19.34 19.37 615.96 628.55 628.55 629.53

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 17.05 17.26 17.25 17.30 571.18 583.39 583.05 586.47

Wholesale trade.................................... 21.92 22.00 21.98 22.06 839.54 849.20 850.63 851.52

Retail trade.......................................... 13.40 13.69 13.67 13.70 407.36 420.28 419.67 421.96

Transportation and warehousing................. 19.43 19.55 19.62 19.67 728.63 738.99 739.67 743.53

Utilities............................................... 30.25 31.15 31.02 31.07 1,282.60 1,298.96 1,256.31 1,280.08

Information............................................. 26.35 26.76 26.83 26.78 959.14 968.71 965.88 966.76

Financial activities.................................... 21.79 22.20 22.28 22.34 793.16 810.30 815.45 819.88

Professional and business services................ 23.03 23.21 23.14 23.18 810.66 816.99 814.53 815.94

Education and health services...................... 20.50 20.98 20.99 21.03 658.05 679.75 680.08 681.37

Leisure and hospitality............................... 11.33 11.48 11.49 11.47 279.85 284.70 286.10 285.60

Other services......................................... 17.23 17.39 17.42 17.43 528.96 533.87 536.54 536.84

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2011 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

Percent

change

from:

Dec.

2011 -

Jan.

2012p

Jan.

2011

Nov.

2011

Dec.

2011p

Jan.

2012p

Percent

change

from:

Dec.

2011 -

Jan.

2012p

Total private....................................... 99.5 102.2 102.4 103.0 0.6 128.5 133.7 134.1 135.0 0.7

Goods-producing............................... 78.8 81.5 82.6 83.2 0.7 99.1 103.5 105.2 106.0 0.8

Mining and logging.......................... 135.5 153.4 158.7 161.7 1.9 189.8 221.8 229.1 233.4 1.9

Construction.................................. 78.0 81.1 82.4 82.7 0.4 99.0 103.7 105.6 105.8 0.2

Manufacturing................................ 76.8 78.8 79.2 80.2 1.3 94.8 97.8 98.8 100.0 1.2

Durable goods............................ 76.5 79.3 80.1 81.0 1.1 95.9 99.7 100.6 101.9 1.3

Nondurable goods........................ 77.1 77.7 78.0 78.7 0.9 92.5 94.0 95.6 96.5 0.9

Private service-providing...................... 105.5 108.0 108.1 108.4 0.3 137.9 143.2 143.4 143.9 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 98.1 100.6 100.7 101.1 0.4 119.3 123.8 123.9 124.8 0.7

Wholesale trade........................... 99.0 101.4 102.0 102.2 0.2 127.9 131.4 132.1 132.8 0.5

Retail trade................................ 96.4 98.8 98.8 99.1 0.3 110.7 115.9 115.8 116.4 0.5

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 103.0 106.0 105.8 106.3 0.5 126.9 131.4 131.6 132.6 0.8

Utilities..................................... 95.1 94.8 92.3 93.8 1.6 120.1 123.3 119.5 121.7 1.8

Information................................... 89.4 87.8 87.4 87.2 -0.2 116.7 116.3 116.0 115.6 -0.3

Financial activities........................... 102.5 103.0 103.4 103.7 0.3 138.1 141.4 142.4 143.3 0.6

Professional and business services....... 110.5 113.8 114.2 114.6 0.4 151.4 157.1 157.2 158.1 0.6

Education and health services............. 119.5 122.8 123.0 123.2 0.2 161.1 169.4 169.7 170.3 0.4

Leisure and hospitality...................... 104.8 107.7 108.2 108.6 0.4 134.8 140.4 141.2 141.5 0.2

Other services............................... 96.2 96.6 97.0 97.1 0.1 120.8 122.4 123.1 123.4 0.2

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2011 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.