Technical information:

Household data: (202) 691-6378

http://www.bls.gov/cps/

Establishment data: 691-6555

http://www.bls.gov/ces/

Media contact: 691-5902

USDL 04-07

Transmission of material in this release is

embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EST),

Friday, January 9, 2004.

2001 2002 2003

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

Percent

Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,

January 2001 - December 2003

Chart 1.

0.0

2001 2002 2003

122.0

124.0

126.0

128.0

130.0

132.0

134.0

Millions

 Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted,

 January 2001 - December 2003

 Chart 2.

0.0

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: DECEMBER 2003

Employment was virtually unchanged in December while the unemployment rate, at 5.7 percent, continued to trend down, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. Following increases that totaled 277,000 in the prior 4 months, nonfarm payroll was flat in December (+1,000).

Unemployment (Household Survey Data)

The number of unemployed persons was 8.4 million in December and the unemployment rate was 5.7

percent. Both measures continued to edge down from their recent highs in June 2003. In December, the

unemployment rates for adult men (5.3 percent) and Hispanics or Latinos (6.6 percent) declined. The

jobless rates for the other major worker groups—adult women (5.1 percent), teenagers (16.1 percent),

whites (5.0 percent), and blacks (10.3 percent)—showed little or no change from the previous month. The

unemployment rate for Asians was 5.3 percent in December, not seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2,

and A-3.)

Seasonally adjusted household survey data have been revised using updated seasonal

adjustment factors that incorporate 2003 data. Seasonally adjusted estimates back to

January 1999 were subject to revision. The unemployment rates for January-December

2003, as originally published and as revised, appear on page 5, along with additional

information on the revisions.
2

Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Quarterly averages Monthly data Nov.-

Category 2003 Dec.

III IV Oct. Nov. Dec. change 

HOUSEHOLD DATA Labor force status

Civilian labor force................................................. 146,628 146,986 146,892 147,187 146,878 -309

Employment................................................................... 137,647 138,369 138,095 138,533 138,479 -54

Unemployment................................................................... 8,981 8,616 8,797 8,653 8,398 -255

Not in labor force................................................................... 74,885 75,290 75,147 75,093 75,631 538

All workers............................................................... 6.1 5.9 6.0 5.9 5.7 -0.2

Adult men........................................................... 5.8 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.3 -.3

Adult women........................................................ 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.1 5.1 .0

Teenagers........................................................ 17.5 16.3 17.1 15.7 16.1 .4

White .................................................................. 5.4 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.0 -.2

Black or African American .................................... 11.0 10.7 11.4 10.4 10.3 -.1

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity........................... 7.8 7.1 7.3 7.4 6.6 -.8

ESTABLISHMENT DATA 

Nonfarm employment........................................................ 129,902 p130,109 130,080 p130,123 p130,124 p1

Goods-producing 1........................................................ 21,987 p21,954 21,966 p21,954 p21,942 p-12

Construction............................................................. 6,823 p6,859 6,845 p6,859 p6,873 p14

Manufacturing........................................................ 14,599 p14,530 14,556 p14,530 p14,504 p-26

Service-providing 1............................................................... 107,915 p108,155 108,114 p108,169 p108,182 p13

Retail trade........................................................ 14,973 p14,965 14,996 p14,969 p14,931 p-38

Professional and business services......... 16,075 p16,182 16,142 p16,179 p16,224 p45

Education and health services.............................. 16,533 p16,651 16,625 p16,653 p16,674 p21

Leisure and hospitality........................................................ 12,053 p12,083 12,071 p12,091 p12,087 p-4

Government........................................................ 21,461 p21,471 21,473 p21,472 p21,468 p-4

Hours of work 2

Total private.............................................................. 33.7 p33.8 33.8 p33.9 p33.7 p-0.2

Manufacturing............................................................ 40.3 p40.7 40.6 p40.8 p40.7 p-.1

Overtime........................................................ 4.1 p4.5 4.3 p4.5 p4.6 p.1

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100) 2

Total private..........................................................98.6 p99.1 99.1 p99.4 p98.8 p-0.6

Earnings 2

Average hourly earnings, total private............... $15.44 p$15.48 $15.46 p$15.47 p$15.50 p$0.03

Average weekly earnings, total private............ 519.82 p523.11 522.55 p524.43 p522.35 p-2.08

 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

 2 Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.

 p=preliminary.

 NOTE: Seasonally adjusted household data have been revised. See note on page 5.

Unemployment rates 

Employment

2003
3

Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

The civilian labor force fell by 309,000 in December to 146.9 million; the labor force participation rate

decreased over the month to 66.0 percent. Over the year, the participation rate declined by 0.4 percentage

point. Both total employment (138.5 million) and the employment-population ratio (62.2 percent) were about

unchanged in December. (See table A-1.)

Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

In December, about 1.5 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, about the same as a

year earlier. (Data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals wanted and were available to work and

had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed, however,

because they did not actively search for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. There were 433,000

discouraged workers in December, also about the same as in December 2002. Discouraged workers, a

subset of the marginally attached, were not currently looking for work specifically because they believed no

jobs were available for them. The other 1.1 million marginally attached had not searched for work for other

reasons such as school or family responsibilities. (See table A-13.)

Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)

Total nonfarm payroll employment was unchanged (+1,000) in December, at 130.1 million, seasonally

adjusted. Employment continued to rise in the temporary help, construction, and health care industries.

Retail trade and manufacturing lost jobs over the month. (See table B-1.)

In December, employment in retail trade declined by 38,000. Weak hiring for the holiday shopping

period resulted in seasonally adjusted job losses in general merchandise stores; miscellaneous store retailers;

and sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores. Employment in gasoline stations also decreased over

the month.

Manufacturing employment was down by 26,000 in December. From September to December, employment in this industry declined at a slower pace than during the first 8 months of 2003. Employment in

nondurable goods manufacturing decreased by 18,000 in December, with the largest losses in printing and

related support activities (-4,000) and in textile mills (-3,000). Manufacturing lost 516,000 jobs in 2003

and has shed 2.8 million jobs since July 2000, the last month it recorded a gain.

Within the financial activities industry, employment in credit intermediation declined for the third

consecutive month, reflecting the reduced volume of mortgage refinancing. From July 2000 through

September 2003, the industry added 251,000 jobs, but since then employment has fallen by 39,000.

Professional and business services added 45,000 jobs in December. Over the year, employment increases in this industry have totaled 252,000. The majority of this gain occurred in temporary help services,

which added 166,000 jobs in 2003, including 30,000 in December. Employment in education and health

services also continued to rise over the month. Over the year, the industry added 301,000 jobs.

Construction employment continued on a modest upward trend in December. The industry has added

173,000 jobs since February.

Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)

The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls decreased

by 0.2 hour in December to 33.7 hours, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek declined by 0.1

hour to 40.7 hours, and manufacturing overtime edged up by 0.1 hour to 4.6 hours. (See table B-2.)
4

The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls fell by 0.6 percent to 98.8 in December (2002=100). The manufacturing index decreased by 0.4 percent over the month to 94.6. (See table B-5.)

Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)

Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased

by 3 cents over the month to $15.50, seasonally adjusted. Average weekly earnings fell by 0.4 percent in

December to $522.35. Over the year, average hourly earnings increased by 2.0 percent, and average

weekly earnings rose by 1.7 percent. (See table B-3.)

______________________________

The Employment Situation for January 2004 is scheduled to be released on Friday, February 6, at 8:30

A.M. (EST).

Revisions in the Establishment Survey Data

With the release of January data on February 6, BLS will introduce revisions in the

establishment-based series on nonfarm payroll employment, hours, and earnings to reflect the

annual benchmark adjustments for March 2003 and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Unadjusted data since April 2002 and seasonally adjusted data since January 1999 are

subject to revision. Previously, the revised data were published in June of each year; earlier

receipt and tabulation of the benchmark source data now make it feasible to accelerate the

publication date to February.

Planned Changes in the Household Survey Data

Effective with the release of data for January 2004, revisions will be introduced into the

population controls for the household survey. These changes reflect the routine annual

updating of intercensal population estimates by the U.S. Census Bureau.
5

Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data

At the end of each calendar year, BLS routinely updates the seasonal adjustment factors for the labor

force series derived from the Current Population Survey (CPS), or household survey, to incorporate the

data for that year. This year, seasonally adjusted data for January 1999-December 2003 were subject to

revision. (Seasonally adjusted establishment data will be revised next month, concurrent with the introduction

of annual benchmark adjustments.)

Table B summarizes the effects of the revisions on the overall unemployment rate since January 2003.

The rate was revised in 3 months, in each case by +/-0.1 percentage point. Revised seasonally adjusted

data for major labor force series since December 2002 appear in table C.

Beginning with this release, BLS has converted to the use of concurrent seasonal adjustment to produce

seasonally adjusted labor force estimates from the CPS. Concurrent seasonal adjustment uses all available

monthly estimates, including those for the most current month, in developing seasonal factors. This is a

change from the previous practice of projecting seasonal factors for the CPS data twice a year. Due to

this change in methodology, BLS will no longer publish seasonal factors for the CPS estimates. Historical

seasonally adjusted household survey data will continue to be revised only at the end of each calendar year.

BLS introduced the use of concurrent seasonal adjustment for the establishment survey data from the Current

Employment Statistics program in June 2003 with the release of data for May 2003.

The January 2004 issue of Employment and Earnings will contain an article describing the current seasonal adjustment methodology for the household survey data and revised data for the most recent months

or quarters for all regularly published tables containing seasonally adjusted household survey data. A copy

of the article is available at http://www.bls.gov/cps/cpsrs2004.pdf on the Internet. Historical data for the

household series contained in the “A” tables of this release also can be accessed at http://www.bls.gov/cps/

cpsatabs.htm on the BLS Internet site. Revised historical seasonally adjusted monthly and quarterly data

also are available on the Internet at ftp://ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/lf/.

Table B. Seasonally adjusted unemployment rates and changes due to revision,

January-December 2003

Month and year As first

 published

As revised Change

 2003

January.................................... 5.7 5.8 0.1

February ................................. 5.8 5.9 .1

March ..................................... 5.8 5.8 .0

April........................................ 6.0 6.0 .0

May ........................................ 6.1 6.1 .0

June ........................................ 6.4 6.3 -.1

July ......................................... 6.2 6.2 .0

August..................................... 6.1 6.1 .0

September............................... 6.1 6.1 .0

October .................................. 6.0 6.0 .0

November ............................... 5.9 5.9 .0

December ............................... 5.7 5.7 .0 1

1 Not published.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table C. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

2002 2003

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population1 .................. 218,741 219,897 220,114 220,317 220,540 220,768 221,014 221,252 221,507 221,779 222,039 222,279 222,509

 Civilian labor force .......................................... 145,157 145,875 145,898 145,818 146,377 146,462 146,917 146,652 146,622 146,610 146,892 147,187 146,878

 Percent of population .................................. 66.4 66.3 66.3 66.2 66.4 66.3 66.5 66.3 66.2 66.1 66.2 66.2 66.0

 Employed ...................................................... 136,459 137,447 137,318 137,300 137,578 137,505 137,673 137,604 137,693 137,644 138,095 138,533 138,479

 Employment-population ratio ...................... 62.4 62.5 62.4 62.3 62.4 62.3 62.3 62.2 62.2 62.1 62.2 62.3 62.2

 Unemployed ................................................. 8,698 8,428 8,581 8,519 8,799 8,957 9,245 9,048 8,929 8,966 8,797 8,653 8,398

 Unemployment rate .................................... 6.0 5.8 5.9 5.8 6.0 6.1 6.3 6.2 6.1 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.7

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population1 .................. 97,139 97,635 97,762 97,869 97,979 98,083 98,196 98,304 98,434 98,568 98,696 98,814 98,927

 Civilian labor force .......................................... 73,725 74,014 74,241 74,209 74,510 74,523 74,675 74,660 74,682 74,905 74,942 75,188 75,044

 Percent of population .................................. 75.9 75.8 75.9 75.8 76.0 76.0 76.0 75.9 75.9 76.0 75.9 76.1 75.9

 Employed ...................................................... 69,569 69,940 70,174 70,213 70,290 70,182 70,190 70,269 70,324 70,596 70,726 70,964 71,099

 Employment-population ratio ...................... 71.6 71.6 71.8 71.7 71.7 71.6 71.5 71.5 71.4 71.6 71.7 71.8 71.9

 Unemployed ................................................. 4,157 4,075 4,068 3,995 4,220 4,341 4,485 4,391 4,358 4,309 4,216 4,224 3,945

 Unemployment rate .................................... 5.6 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.7 5.8 6.0 5.9 5.8 5.8 5.6 5.6 5.3

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population1 .................. 105,678 106,235 106,322 106,411 106,510 106,613 106,724 106,839 106,957 107,080 107,197 107,303 107,404

 Civilian labor force .......................................... 64,056 64,490 64,359 64,490 64,632 64,699 64,989 64,835 64,836 64,608 64,899 64,917 64,846

 Percent of population .................................. 60.6 60.7 60.5 60.6 60.7 60.7 60.9 60.7 60.6 60.3 60.5 60.5 60.4

 Employed ...................................................... 60,750 61,391 61,106 61,219 61,343 61,397 61,610 61,479 61,467 61,191 61,524 61,597 61,521

 Employment-population ratio ...................... 57.5 57.8 57.5 57.5 57.6 57.6 57.7 57.5 57.5 57.1 57.4 57.4 57.3

 Unemployed ................................................. 3,306 3,100 3,253 3,271 3,289 3,302 3,379 3,356 3,369 3,417 3,375 3,320 3,326

 Unemployment rate .................................... 5.2 4.8 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population1 ................. 15,925 16,027 16,030 16,038 16,051 16,072 16,095 16,109 16,116 16,131 16,145 16,162 16,178

 Civilian labor force .......................................... 7,376 7,371 7,298 7,120 7,235 7,240 7,254 7,157 7,104 7,097 7,051 7,082 6,987

 Percent of population .................................. 46.3 46.0 45.5 44.4 45.1 45.0 45.1 44.4 44.1 44.0 43.7 43.8 43.2

 Employed ...................................................... 6,141 6,117 6,039 5,868 5,945 5,926 5,873 5,856 5,902 5,857 5,846 5,972 5,859

 Employment-population ratio ...................... 38.6 38.2 37.7 36.6 37.0 36.9 36.5 36.4 36.6 36.3 36.2 37.0 36.2

 Unemployed ................................................. 1,235 1,254 1,260 1,252 1,290 1,314 1,381 1,301 1,202 1,240 1,205 1,109 1,128

 Unemployment rate .................................... 16.7 17.0 17.3 17.6 17.8 18.1 19.0 18.2 16.9 17.5 17.1 15.7 16.1

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation. NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors.
Explanatory Note

This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the

Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current

Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor

Statistics (BLS).

The establishment survey provides the information on the

employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that

appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This

information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation

with State agencies. The sample includes about 160,000 businesses

and government agencies covering approximately 400,000 individual

worksites. The active sample includes about one-third of all nonfarm

payroll workers. The sample is drawn from a sampling frame of

unemployment insurance tax accounts.

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular

week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is

generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In

the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the

calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences

between surveys

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire

civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of

questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and

over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or

not in the labor force.

People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as

paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least

15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as

employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of

illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal

reasons.

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following

criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were

available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find

employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need

not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon

the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed

persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not

 in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed

as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is

the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employmentpopulation ratio is the employed as a percent of the population.

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn

from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores,

as well as Federal, State, and local government entities. Employees on

nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted

in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate only to production workers in the goods-producing

sector and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing sector.

Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity in

accordance with the 2002 version of the North American Industry

Classification System.

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and

establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

• The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among

the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey.

• The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the

employed. The establishment survey does not.

• The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.

The establishment survey is not limited by age.

• The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because

individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job.

In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job

and thus appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation’s labor force and the

levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations

due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded

production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of

schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large; seasonal fluctuations may account for as much as 95 percent of the monthto-month changes in unemployment.

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern

each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by

adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make

nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or

increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to

spot. For example, the large number of youth entering the labor force

each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place

relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of

students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics

for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change.

Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in

economic activity.

Most seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both

the household and establishment surveys. However, the ad-
justed series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most supersectors, total employment, and

unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted

component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by

summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components;

this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained

by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons,

or more detailed age categories.

For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent

seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal

factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and

including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new

seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month’s data. In

the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each

month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. In both

surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are

subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather

than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample

estimates may differ from the “true” population values they represent.

The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the

particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the

standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or

level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no

more than 1.6 standard errors from the “true” population value because

of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence.

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total

employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or

minus 290,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases

by 100,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence

interval on the monthly change would range from -190,000 to 390,000

(100,000 +/- 290,000). These figures do not mean that the sample

results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a

90-percent chance that the “true” over-the-month change lies within

this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we

could not say with confidence that employment had, in fact, increased.

If, however, the reported employment rise was half a million, then

all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be

greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance)

that an employment rise had, in fact, occurred. At an unemployment

rate of around 4 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the

monthly change in unemployment is about +/- 270,000, and for the

monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- .19 percentage

point.

In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments

have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than

estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The

precision of estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated

over time such as for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal

adjustment process can also improve the stability of the monthly

estimates.

The household and establishment surveys are also affected by

nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons,

including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to

obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or

unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a

timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the

collection or processing of the data.

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most

recent 2 months are based on substantially incomplete returns; for this

reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only

after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all

sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final.

Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment

survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment

generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation

of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components

is used to account for business births. The first component uses business

deaths to impute employment for business births. This is incorporated

into the sample-based link relative estimate procedure by simply not

reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the

same trend as the other firms in the sample. The second component is

an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/

death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical

time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from

the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects

the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past five years.

The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are

adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll

employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March samplebased employment estimates and the March universe counts is known

as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey

error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, the benchmark revision for

total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.3 percent, ranging from

zero to 0.7 percent.

Additional statistics and other information

More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and

Earnings, published each month by BLS. It is available for $27.00 per

issue or $53.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office,

Washington, DC 20402. All orders must be prepaid by sending a check

or money order payable to the Superintendent of Documents, or by

charging to Mastercard or Visa.

Employment and Earnings also provides measures of sampling error

for the household and establishment survey data published in this

release. For unemployment and other labor force categories, these

measures appear in tables 1-B through 1-D of its “Explanatory Notes.”

For the establishment survey data, the sampling error measures and the

actual size of revisions due to benchmark adjustments appear in tables

2-B through 2-F of Employment and Earnings.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD

message referral phone: 1-800-877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Dec.

2002

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Dec.

2002

Aug.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 218,741 222,279 222,509 218,741 221,507 221,779 222,039 222,279 222,509

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 144,807 146,969 146,501 145,157 146,622 146,610 146,892 147,187 146,878

 Participation rate ............................................................... 66.2 66.1 65.8 66.4 66.2 66.1 66.2 66.2 66.0

 Employed .............................................................................. 136,599 138,700 138,556 136,459 137,693 137,644 138,095 138,533 138,479

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 62.4 62.4 62.3 62.4 62.2 62.1 62.2 62.3 62.2

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 8,209 8,269 7,945 8,698 8,929 8,966 8,797 8,653 8,398

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 5.7 5.6 5.4 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.7

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 73,934 75,310 76,007 73,584 74,884 75,168 75,147 75,093 75,631

 Persons who currently want a job ......................................... 4,227 4,201 4,355 4,566 4,826 4,816 4,885 4,572 4,714

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 105,195 107,003 107,123 105,195 106,604 106,744 106,879 107,003 107,123

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 77,197 78,579 78,413 77,447 78,251 78,504 78,530 78,799 78,661

 Participation rate ............................................................... 73.4 73.4 73.2 73.6 73.4 73.5 73.5 73.6 73.4

 Employed .............................................................................. 72,437 73,896 73,901 72,615 73,263 73,488 73,643 73,915 74,085

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 68.9 69.1 69.0 69.0 68.7 68.8 68.9 69.1 69.2

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 4,760 4,683 4,512 4,832 4,988 5,016 4,887 4,883 4,576

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 6.2 6.0 5.8 6.2 6.4 6.4 6.2 6.2 5.8

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 27,998 28,424 28,710 27,749 28,353 28,240 28,348 28,204 28,462

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 97,139 98,814 98,927 97,139 98,434 98,568 98,696 98,814 98,927

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 73,666 75,125 74,984 73,725 74,682 74,905 74,942 75,188 75,044

 Participation rate ............................................................... 75.8 76.0 75.8 75.9 75.9 76.0 75.9 76.1 75.9

 Employed .............................................................................. 69,503 71,067 71,024 69,569 70,324 70,596 70,726 70,964 71,099

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 71.6 71.9 71.8 71.6 71.4 71.6 71.7 71.8 71.9

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 4,163 4,058 3,960 4,157 4,358 4,309 4,216 4,224 3,945

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 5.7 5.4 5.3 5.6 5.8 5.8 5.6 5.6 5.3

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 23,473 23,689 23,943 23,413 23,751 23,663 23,754 23,626 23,882

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 113,546 115,276 115,386 113,546 114,903 115,035 115,160 115,276 115,386

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 67,610 68,390 68,089 67,711 68,372 68,106 68,362 68,388 68,217

 Participation rate ............................................................... 59.5 59.3 59.0 59.6 59.5 59.2 59.4 59.3 59.1

 Employed .............................................................................. 64,162 64,804 64,656 63,844 64,431 64,155 64,452 64,618 64,394

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 56.5 56.2 56.0 56.2 56.1 55.8 56.0 56.1 55.8

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 3,448 3,586 3,433 3,866 3,941 3,951 3,910 3,770 3,823

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 5.1 5.2 5.0 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.6

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 45,936 46,886 47,298 45,835 46,532 46,929 46,799 46,888 47,169

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 105,678 107,303 107,404 105,678 106,957 107,080 107,197 107,303 107,404

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 64,100 64,997 64,855 64,056 64,836 64,608 64,899 64,917 64,846

 Participation rate ............................................................... 60.7 60.6 60.4 60.6 60.6 60.3 60.5 60.5 60.4

 Employed .............................................................................. 61,103 61,853 61,823 60,750 61,467 61,191 61,524 61,597 61,521

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 57.8 57.6 57.6 57.5 57.5 57.1 57.4 57.4 57.3

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 2,997 3,144 3,031 3,306 3,369 3,417 3,375 3,320 3,326

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 4.7 4.8 4.7 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.1

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 41,578 42,306 42,550 41,622 42,121 42,472 42,299 42,387 42,558

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 15,925 16,162 16,178 15,925 16,116 16,131 16,145 16,162 16,178

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 7,041 6,847 6,663 7,376 7,104 7,097 7,051 7,082 6,987

 Participation rate ............................................................... 44.2 42.4 41.2 46.3 44.1 44.0 43.7 43.8 43.2

 Employed .............................................................................. 5,992 5,780 5,709 6,141 5,902 5,857 5,846 5,972 5,859

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 37.6 35.8 35.3 38.6 36.6 36.3 36.2 37.0 36.2

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,049 1,066 954 1,235 1,202 1,240 1,205 1,109 1,128

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 14.9 15.6 14.3 16.7 16.9 17.5 17.1 15.7 16.1

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 8,884 9,315 9,515 8,549 9,012 9,034 9,094 9,080 9,191

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical

numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey. Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated

seasonal adjustment factors.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Dec.

2002

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Dec.

2002

Aug.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

WHITE 2

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 180,580 182,032 182,185 180,580 181,512 181,696 181,871 182,032 182,185

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 119,779 120,865 120,453 120,072 120,658 120,411 120,736 121,041 120,751

 Participation rate ................................................................. 66.3 66.4 66.1 66.5 66.5 66.3 66.4 66.5 66.3

 Employed .............................................................................. 113,916 114,935 114,702 113,876 114,156 114,015 114,535 114,783 114,678

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 63.1 63.1 63.0 63.1 62.9 62.8 63.0 63.1 62.9

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 5,864 5,930 5,751 6,195 6,502 6,397 6,200 6,258 6,073

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 4.9 4.9 4.8 5.2 5.4 5.3 5.1 5.2 5.0

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 60,801 61,167 61,732 60,509 60,854 61,285 61,135 60,991 61,434

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 62,007 62,873 62,656 62,095 62,543 62,552 62,694 62,913 62,752

 Participation rate ................................................................. 76.2 76.5 76.1 76.3 76.3 76.2 76.3 76.5 76.2

 Employed .............................................................................. 58,914 59,885 59,680 59,016 59,233 59,414 59,623 59,777 59,794

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 72.4 72.8 72.5 72.5 72.3 72.4 72.6 72.7 72.6

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 3,093 2,988 2,975 3,079 3,310 3,139 3,072 3,136 2,957

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 5.0 4.8 4.7 5.0 5.3 5.0 4.9 5.0 4.7

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 51,814 52,260 52,227 51,776 52,156 51,942 52,183 52,210 52,199

 Participation rate ................................................................. 59.8 59.9 59.8 59.8 59.9 59.6 59.9 59.9 59.8

 Employed .............................................................................. 49,790 50,132 50,186 49,530 49,866 49,580 49,892 49,932 49,941

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.2 57.3 56.9 57.2 57.2 57.2

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 2,024 2,128 2,040 2,246 2,290 2,362 2,291 2,279 2,258

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 3.9 4.1 3.9 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 5,959 5,732 5,571 6,200 5,959 5,917 5,858 5,918 5,800

 Participation rate ................................................................. 47.3 45.6 44.3 49.2 47.5 47.2 46.7 47.1 46.1

 Employed .............................................................................. 5,212 4,917 4,835 5,330 5,057 5,020 5,020 5,074 4,942

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 41.4 39.1 38.4 42.3 40.3 40.0 40.0 40.4 39.3

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 747 815 736 870 903 896 838 843 857

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 12.5 14.2 13.2 14.0 15.1 15.1 14.3 14.3 14.8

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN 2

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 25,784 25,860 25,894 25,784 25,742 25,784 25,825 25,860 25,894

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 16,736 16,602 16,422 16,701 16,585 16,677 16,589 16,524 16,365

 Participation rate ................................................................. 64.9 64.2 63.4 64.8 64.4 64.7 64.2 63.9 63.2

 Employed .............................................................................. 14,951 14,931 14,828 14,799 14,771 14,826 14,696 14,812 14,679

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 58.0 57.7 57.3 57.4 57.4 57.5 56.9 57.3 56.7

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,785 1,671 1,594 1,902 1,813 1,851 1,893 1,712 1,686

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 10.7 10.1 9.7 11.4 10.9 11.1 11.4 10.4 10.3

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 9,048 9,259 9,472 9,082 9,157 9,107 9,236 9,336 9,529

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 7,338 7,455 7,422 7,300 7,362 7,433 7,385 7,414 7,382

 Participation rate ................................................................. 71.3 72.0 71.6 70.9 71.5 72.0 71.4 71.6 71.2

 Employed .............................................................................. 6,550 6,723 6,718 6,529 6,585 6,619 6,611 6,668 6,695

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 63.6 64.9 64.8 63.4 63.9 64.1 63.9 64.4 64.6

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 788 731 704 771 776 814 774 746 687

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 10.7 9.8 9.5 10.6 10.5 11.0 10.5 10.1 9.3

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 8,573 8,450 8,325 8,528 8,494 8,436 8,425 8,401 8,276

 Participation rate ................................................................. 65.6 64.5 63.4 65.3 65.1 64.5 64.4 64.1 63.1

 Employed .............................................................................. 7,826 7,701 7,595 7,698 7,674 7,664 7,596 7,639 7,471

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 59.9 58.8 57.9 58.9 58.8 58.6 58.0 58.3 56.9

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 747 749 730 831 820 772 829 762 805

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 8.7 8.9 8.8 9.7 9.7 9.2 9.8 9.1 9.7

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 826 697 675 873 729 808 779 710 707

 Participation rate ................................................................. 34.0 29.1 28.1 36.0 30.5 33.8 32.5 29.6 29.4

 Employed .............................................................................. 575 507 514 572 512 543 489 505 514

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 23.7 21.1 21.4 23.6 21.4 22.7 20.4 21.0 21.4

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 250 190 161 301 217 264 290 205 193

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 30.3 27.2 23.8 34.4 29.8 32.7 37.3 28.9 27.3

ASIAN 2

Civilian noninstutional population ............................................. 9,980 9,354 9,372 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 6,720 6,109 6,272 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 67.3 65.3 66.9 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 6,322 5,789 5,938 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 63.3 61.9 63.4 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 398 320 334 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 5.9 5.2 5.3 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 3,260 3,245 3,101 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical

numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Beginning in 2003, persons who selected this race group only; persons who selected

more than one race group are not included. Prior to 2003, persons who reported more

than one race were included in the group they identified as the main race.

3 Data not available.

 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1

because data are not presented for all races. Beginning in January 2003, data reflect

revised population controls used in the household survey. Seasonally adjusted data have

been revised to reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Dec.

2002

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Dec.

2002

Aug.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 26,436 28,016 28,116 26,436 27,701 27,808 27,913 28,016 28,116

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 18,148 19,057 19,031 18,150 18,843 18,877 18,940 19,125 19,035

 Participation rate ................................................................. 68.6 68.0 67.7 68.7 68.0 67.9 67.9 68.3 67.7

 Employed .............................................................................. 16,713 17,666 17,785 16,704 17,383 17,456 17,556 17,709 17,784

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 63.2 63.1 63.3 63.2 62.8 62.8 62.9 63.2 63.3

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,435 1,391 1,246 1,446 1,460 1,421 1,383 1,416 1,250

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 7.9 7.3 6.5 8.0 7.8 7.5 7.3 7.4 6.6

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 8,288 8,959 9,085 8,286 8,858 8,931 8,974 8,891 9,082

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 10,170 10,920 11,015 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 83.5 83.8 84.2 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 9,422 10,225 10,381 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 77.4 78.5 79.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 747 695 634 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 7.3 6.4 5.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 6,938 7,163 7,126 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 59.1 57.7 57.2 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 6,437 6,643 6,666 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 54.8 53.5 53.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 501 521 459 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 7.2 7.3 6.4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 1,040 973 890 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 41.5 37.9 34.6 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 853 798 738 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 34.0 31.1 28.7 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 187 175 152 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 18.0 18.0 17.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical

numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available.

 NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. 

Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the household

survey. Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal

adjustment factors.

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

(Numbers in thousands)

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2002

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Dec.

2002

Aug.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 12,546 12,679 12,640 12,621 12,618 12,577 12,672 12,764 12,712

 Participation rate ................................................................... 44.4 45.3 44.6 44.6 45.5 44.8 45.7 45.6 44.9

 Employed ................................................................................ 11,326 11,586 11,554 11,461 11,449 11,478 11,551 11,677 11,678

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 40.1 41.4 40.8 40.5 41.3 40.9 41.6 41.7 41.2

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 1,220 1,093 1,086 1,160 1,169 1,099 1,121 1,087 1,034

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 9.7 8.6 8.6 9.2 9.3 8.7 8.8 8.5 8.1

High school graduates, no college 1

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 38,064 38,514 38,170 37,825 37,916 37,967 37,887 38,241 37,958

 Participation rate ................................................................... 64.0 64.0 63.8 63.6 63.8 63.6 63.6 63.6 63.5

 Employed ................................................................................ 36,085 36,543 36,131 35,800 35,872 35,932 35,807 36,179 35,868

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 60.7 60.8 60.4 60.2 60.4 60.2 60.1 60.2 60.0

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 1,979 1,971 2,039 2,025 2,044 2,036 2,080 2,061 2,090

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 5.2 5.1 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.4 5.5

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 34,028 33,690 34,101 33,875 33,979 33,983 33,841 33,727 33,932

 Participation rate ................................................................... 72.8 72.3 72.6 72.5 72.7 72.8 72.4 72.4 72.2

 Employed ................................................................................ 32,439 32,168 32,658 32,185 32,365 32,357 32,222 32,114 32,400

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 69.4 69.0 69.5 68.9 69.2 69.4 68.9 68.9 69.0

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 1,588 1,522 1,443 1,689 1,613 1,626 1,619 1,613 1,532

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 4.7 4.5 4.2 5.0 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.5

Bachelor’s degree and higher 2

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 38,401 40,402 40,206 38,665 39,997 39,825 40,504 40,536 40,515

 Participation rate ................................................................... 78.7 78.5 78.4 79.3 77.5 77.6 78.0 78.7 79.0

 Employed ................................................................................ 37,354 39,240 39,078 37,530 38,752 38,559 39,267 39,292 39,291

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 76.6 76.2 76.2 76.9 75.1 75.1 75.6 76.3 76.6

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 1,047 1,162 1,128 1,135 1,245 1,265 1,237 1,244 1,224

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.0

1 Includes high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. 

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey. Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated

seasonal adjustment factors.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

(In thousands)

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2002

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Dec.

2002

Aug.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries ............................................. 2,144 2,299 2,053 2,345 2,327 2,341 2,410 2,418 2,245

 Wage and salary workers ....................................................... 1,141 1,347 1,168 1,257 1,410 1,437 1,465 1,440 1,294

 Self-employed workers ........................................................... 976 937 870 1,039 942 886 938 953 919

 Unpaid family workers ............................................................ 28 15 15 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Nonagricultural industries ......................................................... 134,454 136,401 136,503 134,098 135,282 135,401 135,722 136,172 136,180

 Wage and salary workers ....................................................... 125,206 126,654 126,984 124,842 125,746 125,860 126,183 126,466 126,661

 Government .......................................................................... 19,660 19,702 19,821 19,531 19,662 19,725 19,797 19,609 19,694

 Private industries .................................................................. 105,546 106,952 107,163 105,460 106,047 106,136 106,400 106,876 107,110

 Private households ............................................................. 729 775 780 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

 Other industries .................................................................. 104,817 106,177 106,383 104,783 105,184 105,351 105,662 106,129 106,382

 Self-employed workers ........................................................... 9,170 9,665 9,412 9,245 9,526 9,401 9,460 9,541 9,477

 Unpaid family workers ............................................................ 78 82 107 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 2

All industries:

 Part time for economic reasons .............................................. 4,385 4,682 4,833 4,330 4,498 4,896 4,800 4,880 4,788

 Slack work or business conditions ........................................ 3,023 3,132 3,327 2,912 3,063 3,185 3,030 3,226 3,205

 Could only find part-time work .............................................. 1,084 1,330 1,182 1,178 1,201 1,334 1,356 1,350 1,295

 Part time for noneconomic reasons ........................................ 19,704 20,271 19,543 18,668 19,482 19,021 18,935 19,110 18,561

Nonagricultural industries:

 Part time for economic reasons .............................................. 4,278 4,575 4,717 4,281 4,404 4,794 4,690 4,782 4,727

 Slack work or business conditions ........................................ 2,961 3,037 3,248 2,870 2,989 3,127 2,964 3,153 3,144

 Could only find part-time work .............................................. 1,069 1,328 1,178 1,154 1,191 1,335 1,349 1,353 1,279

 Part time for noneconomic reasons ........................................ 19,332 19,911 19,246 18,353 19,016 18,633 18,628 18,752 18,367

1 Data not available. 2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during

the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. Part

time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually work full time but worked

only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and

bad weather.

 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily

add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. 

Industries reflect the introduction of the 2002 Census industry classification system

derived from the 2002 North American Industry Classification System into the Current

Population Survey. Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls

used in the household survey. Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect

updated seasonal adjustment factors.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Selected employment indicators

(In thousands)

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2002

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Dec.

2002

Aug.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Total, 16 years and over ........................................................... 136,599 138,700 138,556 136,459 137,693 137,644 138,095 138,533 138,479

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 5,992 5,780 5,709 6,141 5,902 5,857 5,846 5,972 5,859

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 2,164 2,294 2,175 2,276 2,346 2,253 2,227 2,361 2,292

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 3,828 3,486 3,534 3,860 3,580 3,593 3,607 3,592 3,562

 20 years and over ................................................................... 130,606 132,920 132,847 130,318 131,791 131,787 132,250 132,561 132,620

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 13,402 13,382 13,426 13,388 13,398 13,396 13,437 13,371 13,413

 25 years and over ................................................................. 117,205 119,538 119,421 116,932 118,483 118,437 118,785 119,106 119,168

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 96,767 97,740 97,613 96,563 97,212 97,150 97,233 97,422 97,436

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 30,236 30,571 30,384 30,177 30,318 30,288 30,296 30,389 30,340

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 34,993 34,970 34,861 34,952 34,839 34,880 34,829 34,909 34,819

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 31,538 32,199 32,368 31,434 32,055 31,982 32,107 32,125 32,277

 55 years and over ............................................................... 20,437 21,798 21,808 20,369 21,271 21,287 21,552 21,683 21,732

Men, 16 years and over ............................................................ 72,437 73,896 73,901 72,615 73,263 73,488 73,643 73,915 74,085

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 2,933 2,829 2,877 3,046 2,939 2,893 2,917 2,951 2,986

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 1,017 1,111 1,072 1,094 1,147 1,071 1,101 1,189 1,153

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 1,916 1,718 1,805 1,930 1,813 1,802 1,796 1,779 1,817

 20 years and over ................................................................... 69,503 71,067 71,024 69,569 70,324 70,596 70,726 70,964 71,099

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 6,987 7,040 6,993 7,041 6,973 7,020 7,038 7,050 7,048

 25 years and over ................................................................. 62,516 64,027 64,031 62,542 63,372 63,512 63,670 63,876 64,061

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 51,524 52,392 52,386 51,570 52,016 52,137 52,168 52,293 52,441

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 16,465 16,839 16,748 16,453 16,623 16,657 16,660 16,747 16,740

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 18,708 18,861 18,825 18,742 18,761 18,866 18,828 18,844 18,857

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 16,351 16,693 16,813 16,376 16,632 16,614 16,681 16,702 16,843

 55 years and over ............................................................... 10,993 11,634 11,645 10,972 11,357 11,375 11,501 11,583 11,620

Women, 16 years and over ...................................................... 64,162 64,804 64,656 63,844 64,431 64,155 64,452 64,618 64,394

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 3,059 2,951 2,833 3,094 2,963 2,964 2,928 3,021 2,873

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 1,148 1,183 1,103 1,182 1,199 1,183 1,126 1,172 1,139

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 1,912 1,768 1,729 1,930 1,767 1,791 1,812 1,813 1,745

 20 years and over ................................................................... 61,103 61,853 61,823 60,750 61,467 61,191 61,524 61,597 61,521

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 6,415 6,342 6,434 6,347 6,425 6,376 6,398 6,321 6,365

 25 years and over ................................................................. 54,688 55,511 55,390 54,390 55,111 54,925 55,116 55,230 55,107

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 45,244 45,347 45,227 44,993 45,197 45,013 45,065 45,130 44,996

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 13,771 13,732 13,636 13,724 13,695 13,631 13,637 13,642 13,599

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 16,285 16,109 16,036 16,210 16,078 16,015 16,001 16,065 15,962

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 15,187 15,506 15,554 15,059 15,424 15,367 15,427 15,423 15,434

 55 years and over ............................................................... 9,444 10,164 10,163 9,397 9,914 9,912 10,051 10,100 10,112

Married men, spouse present ................................................... 44,070 45,193 45,562 43,927 44,659 44,566 44,684 45,152 45,431

Married women, spouse present .............................................. 34,432 35,233 35,217 34,227 34,684 34,612 34,993 35,076 35,034

Women who maintain families .................................................. 8,644 8,595 8,501 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Full-time workers 2 ................................................................... 112,108 113,522 113,942 112,757 113,121 113,321 113,677 114,024 114,597

Part-time workers 3 ................................................................... 24,491 25,178 24,614 23,874 24,853 24,446 24,460 24,569 24,023

1 Data not available. 2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per

week. 3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per

week.

 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily

add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. 

Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the household

survey. Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal

adjustment factors.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates 1

Dec.

2002

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Dec.

2002

Aug.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Total, 16 years and over ........................................................... 8,698 8,653 8,398 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.7

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 1,235 1,109 1,128 16.7 16.9 17.5 17.1 15.7 16.1

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 488 500 515 17.7 18.8 19.3 20.2 17.5 18.3

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 743 619 613 16.1 15.7 16.2 15.2 14.7 14.7

 20 years and over ................................................................... 7,463 7,544 7,271 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.4 5.2

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 1,467 1,555 1,431 9.9 10.2 10.6 10.1 10.4 9.6

 25 years and over ................................................................. 5,990 5,995 5,853 4.9 5.0 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.7

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 5,123 5,141 5,033 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.0 4.9

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 1,989 1,993 1,932 6.2 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.2 6.0

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 1,759 1,796 1,755 4.8 5.0 4.9 5.0 4.9 4.8

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 1,375 1,352 1,346 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.0 4.0

 55 years and over ............................................................... 930 886 883 4.4 4.1 4.0 3.8 3.9 3.9

Men, 16 years and over ............................................................ 4,832 4,883 4,576 6.2 6.4 6.4 6.2 6.2 5.8

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 675 660 631 18.1 17.6 19.6 18.7 18.3 17.4

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 263 267 261 19.4 20.6 22.1 20.4 18.3 18.4

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 411 393 369 17.6 15.6 18.2 17.9 18.1 16.9

 20 years and over ................................................................... 4,157 4,224 3,945 5.6 5.8 5.8 5.6 5.6 5.3

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 807 885 816 10.3 10.7 11.7 10.8 11.2 10.4

 25 years and over ................................................................. 3,377 3,349 3,170 5.1 5.2 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.7

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 2,851 2,860 2,683 5.2 5.4 5.2 5.2 5.2 4.9

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 1,073 1,119 1,051 6.1 6.7 6.5 6.5 6.3 5.9

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 954 974 916 4.8 5.1 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.6

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 824 767 716 4.8 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.1

 55 years and over ............................................................... 526 489 487 4.6 4.4 4.2 4.0 4.1 4.0

Women, 16 years and over ...................................................... 3,866 3,770 3,823 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.6

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 560 450 497 15.3 16.2 15.2 15.4 13.0 14.7

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 225 233 254 16.0 17.0 16.5 20.1 16.6 18.2

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 332 226 243 14.7 15.8 14.1 12.5 11.1 12.2

 20 years and over ................................................................... 3,306 3,320 3,326 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.1

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 660 669 615 9.4 9.7 9.5 9.3 9.6 8.8

 25 years and over ................................................................. 2,613 2,646 2,683 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.6

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 2,272 2,281 2,350 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.8 5.0

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 916 874 882 6.3 5.7 6.0 6.1 6.0 6.1

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 805 823 839 4.7 4.9 4.8 5.2 4.9 5.0

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 551 584 630 3.5 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.9

 55 years and over 2 ............................................................ 372 373 367 3.8 4.5 3.8 3.4 3.5 3.5

Married men, spouse present ................................................... 1,698 1,741 1,564 3.7 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.3

Married women, spouse present .............................................. 1,339 1,384 1,410 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.9

Women who maintain families 2 ............................................... 741 775 779 7.9 8.4 8.5 8.4 8.3 8.4

Full-time workers 3 ................................................................... 7,344 7,364 7,019 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.1 6.1 5.8

Part-time workers 4 ................................................................... 1,345 1,311 1,354 5.3 5.3 5.7 5.5 5.1 5.3

1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. 2 Not seasonally adjusted. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full

time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work

part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

 NOTE: Detail shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the

independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2003, data

reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. Data have been revised

to reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2002

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Dec.

2002

Aug.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .......... 4,849 4,505 4,629 4,839 4,939 4,947 4,877 4,719 4,618

 On temporary layoff ................................................................ 1,205 903 1,137 1,122 1,092 1,110 1,097 1,055 1,060

 Not on temporary layoff .......................................................... 3,644 3,601 3,492 3,716 3,847 3,837 3,780 3,664 3,558

 Permanent job losers ............................................................ 2,796 2,773 2,681 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

 Persons who completed temporary jobs .............................. 848 828 811 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Job leavers ............................................................................... 790 885 715 866 790 836 789 931 783

Reentrants ................................................................................ 2,157 2,324 2,065 2,475 2,530 2,436 2,518 2,440 2,366

New entrants ............................................................................ 412 556 536 534 650 684 653 619 694

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ..................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ......... 59.1 54.5 58.3 55.5 55.4 55.6 55.2 54.2 54.6

 On temporary layoff ............................................................... 14.7 10.9 14.3 12.9 12.3 12.5 12.4 12.1 12.5

 Not on temporary layoff ......................................................... 44.4 43.6 44.0 42.6 43.2 43.1 42.8 42.1 42.0

 Job leavers .............................................................................. 9.6 10.7 9.0 9.9 8.9 9.4 8.9 10.7 9.3

 Reentrants ............................................................................... 26.3 28.1 26.0 28.4 28.4 27.4 28.5 28.0 28.0

 New entrants ........................................................................... 5.0 6.7 6.8 6.1 7.3 7.7 7.4 7.1 8.2

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ......... 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1

 Job leavers .............................................................................. .5 .6 .5 .6 .5 .6 .5 .6 .5

 Reentrants ............................................................................... 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6

 New entrants ........................................................................... .3 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5 .4 .4 .5

1 Data not available.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey. Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated

seasonal adjustment factors.

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2002

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Dec.

2002

Aug.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks .................................................................... 2,514 2,500 2,298 2,873 2,735 2,749 2,733 2,622 2,627

5 to 14 weeks ........................................................................... 2,581 2,514 2,439 2,591 2,630 2,736 2,585 2,556 2,450

15 weeks and over ................................................................... 3,113 3,255 3,208 3,312 3,561 3,511 3,478 3,484 3,403

 15 to 26 weeks ...................................................................... 1,248 1,316 1,343 1,420 1,561 1,438 1,460 1,448 1,513

 27 weeks and over ................................................................ 1,865 1,939 1,865 1,891 2,001 2,073 2,018 2,036 1,890

Average (mean) duration, in weeks .......................................... 18.8 20.1 20.0 18.5 19.2 19.6 19.4 20.0 19.6

Median duration, in weeks ........................................................ 9.7 10.2 10.6 9.6 10.0 10.1 10.3 10.4 10.4

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ..................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

 Less than 5 weeks .................................................................. 30.6 30.2 28.9 32.7 30.6 30.6 31.1 30.3 31.0

 5 to 14 weeks ......................................................................... 31.4 30.4 30.7 29.5 29.5 30.4 29.4 29.5 28.9

 15 weeks and over ................................................................. 37.9 39.4 40.4 37.7 39.9 39.0 39.5 40.2 40.1

 15 to 26 weeks ..................................................................... 15.2 15.9 16.9 16.2 17.5 16.0 16.6 16.7 17.8

 27 weeks and over ............................................................... 22.7 23.5 23.5 21.6 22.4 23.0 22.9 23.5 22.3

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey. Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated

seasonal adjustment factors.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Dec.

2002

Dec.

2003

Dec.

2002

Dec.

2003

Dec.

2002

Dec.

2003

 Total, 16 years and over 1 .......................................................................... 136,599 138,556 8,209 7,945 5.7 5.4

Management, professional, and related occupations ............................... 46,950 48,320 1,369 1,380 2.8 2.8

 Management, business, and financial operations occupations ............ 19,444 19,887 625 589 3.1 2.9

 Professional and related occupations ........................................................ 27,506 28,432 743 791 2.6 2.7

Service occupations .......................................................................................... 21,974 21,633 1,622 1,560 6.9 6.7

Sales and office occupations .......................................................................... 35,672 35,770 1,872 1,835 5.0 4.9

 Sales and related occupations ..................................................................... 16,305 16,543 862 909 5.0 5.2

 Office and administrative support occupations ........................................ 19,367 19,227 1,011 926 5.0 4.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations ........... 13,721 14,347 1,303 1,208 8.7 7.8

 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................................... 904 907 108 164 10.7 15.3

 Construction and extraction occupations ................................................... 7,850 8,272 963 766 10.9 8.5

 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .................................. 4,967 5,168 231 279 4.4 5.1

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations ................ 18,281 18,486 1,603 1,396 8.1 7.0

 Production occupations .................................................................................. 9,830 9,820 903 690 8.4 6.6

 Transportation and material moving occupations .................................... 8,451 8,666 700 706 7.7 7.5

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed

Forces are included in the unemployed total.

 NOTE: Occupations reflect the introduction of the 2002 Census occupational classification

system derived from the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification system into the Current

Population Survey. Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used

in the household survey.

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry, not seasonally adjusted

Industry

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Dec.

2002

Dec.

2003

Dec.

2002

Dec.

2003

 Total, 16 years and over 1 ....................................................................... 8,209 7,945 5.7 5.4

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers ...................................... 6,904 6,456 6.1 5.7

 Mining ................................................................................................................. 45 32 7.8 5.6

 Construction ...................................................................................................... 941 813 10.9 9.3

 Manufacturing ................................................................................................... 1,188 1,025 6.6 5.9

 Durable goods ................................................................................................ 810 647 7.0 5.9

 Nondurable goods ......................................................................................... 379 378 5.9 5.8

 Wholesale and retail trade ............................................................................ 1,150 1,081 5.7 5.0

 Transportation and utilities ............................................................................ 243 267 4.6 5.0

 Information ........................................................................................................ 255 224 7.2 6.5

 Financial activities ........................................................................................... 322 283 3.6 3.0

 Professional and business services ............................................................ 1,038 948 8.3 7.6

 Education and health services ..................................................................... 558 620 3.2 3.5

 Leisure and hospitality ................................................................................... 922 885 8.2 8.2

 Other services .................................................................................................. 241 278 4.2 4.5

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers ........................ 120 137 9.8 10.9

Government workers ......................................................................................... 446 516 2.2 2.5

Self employed and unpaid family workers ................................................... 327 299 3.1 2.8

1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total.

 NOTE: Industries reflect the introduction of the 2002 Census industry classification system

derived from the 2002 North American Industry Classification System into the Current

Population Survey. Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used

in the household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

(Percent)

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2002

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

Dec.

2002

Aug.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003

Dec.

2003

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force .............. 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.3

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor

force ...................................................................................................................................... 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate) ...................................................................................................................................... 5.7 5.6 5.4 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.7

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

discouraged workers ............................................................................................................ 5.9 5.9 5.7 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.3 6.2 6.0

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other marginally

 attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally

 attached workers ................................................................................................................. 6.6 6.6 6.4 6.9 7.1 7.1 7.0 6.8 6.7

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus total employed

 part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

 all marginally attached workers ........................................................................................... 9.6 9.7 9.6 9.9 10.2 10.4 10.2 10.1 9.9

 NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor

looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for

work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached,

have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for a job. Persons employed

part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but

have had to settle for a part-time schedule. For further information, see "BLS introduces new

range of alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly

Labor Review. Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey. Seasonally adjusted data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal

adjustment factors.

Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Category

Total Men Women

Dec.

2002

Dec.

2003

Dec.

2002

Dec.

2003

Dec.

2002

Dec.

2003

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force ............................................................................ 73,934 76,007 27,998 28,710 45,936 47,298

 Persons who currently want a job ............................................................... 4,227 4,355 1,985 1,858 2,243 2,496

Searched for work and available to work now 1 ..................................... 1,432 1,483 772 688 661 795

 Reason not currently looking:

 Discouragement over job prospects 2 ......................................... 403 433 250 212 154 221

 Reasons other than discouragement 3 ........................................ 1,029 1,050 522 476 507 574

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders 4 ............................................................................ 7,650 7,260 3,848 3,548 3,802 3,711

 Percent of total employed ......................................................................... 5.6 5.2 5.3 4.8 5.9 5.7

 Primary job full time, secondary job part time ........................................... 4,089 3,860 2,322 2,095 1,767 1,765

 Primary and secondary jobs both part time .............................................. 1,735 1,618 503 478 1,232 1,141

 Primary and secondary jobs both full time ................................................ 196 244 129 162 67 82

 Hours vary on primary or secondary job ................................................... 1,583 1,493 868 797 716 696

1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and

were available to take a job during the reference week. 2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training,

employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such

reasons as child-care and transportation problems, as well as a small number for which

reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their

secondary job(s), not shown separately.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2003, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2002

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003p

Dec.

2003p

Dec.

2002

Aug.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003p

Dec.

2003p

Change

from:

Nov. 2003-

Dec. 2003

Total nonfarm ............................. 131,017 131,025 131,157 130,955 130,198 129,881 129,980 130,080 130,123 130,124 1

Total private ........................................ 109,117 109,253 109,282 109,129 108,642 108,411 108,524 108,607 108,651 108,656 5

Goods-producing ............................................ 22,256 22,221 22,097 21,877 22,323 21,982 21,978 21,966 21,954 21,942 -12

Natural resources and mining .................................. 571 576 572 565 572 565 564 565 565 565 0

Logging ............................................................ 68.4 68.0 68.0 64.6 67.9 63.6 63.7 64.2 64.8 63.7 -1.1

Mining .................................................................... 503.0 507.7 503.7 500.7 503.6 501.1 499.9 500.4 500.3 501.3 1.0

Oil and gas extraction ........................................ 121.6 126.3 125.7 125.9 121.6 125.0 125.4 125.9 126.0 126.0 .0

Mining, except oil and gas1................................. 206.9 212.5 210.7 206.1 208.1 209.1 207.5 208.1 207.9 207.5 -.4

Coal mining ...................................................... 74.2 72.5 73.0 73.2 73.3 72.9 71.5 72.2 72.2 72.4 .2

Support activities for mining .............................. 174.5 168.9 167.3 168.7 173.9 167.0 167.0 166.4 166.4 167.8 1.4

Construction ............................................................. 6,651 7,051 6,961 6,791 6,731 6,825 6,841 6,845 6,859 6,873 14

Construction of buildings ................................... 1,591.3 1,657.6 1,634.9 1,623.2 1,595.3 1,610.9 1,620.1 1,622.4 1,621.2 1,628.0 6.8

Heavy and civil engineering construction ......... 873.9 974.7 944.4 883.6 915.3 913.9 915.8 913.3 917.9 919.4 1.5

Specialty trade contractors ................................ 4,185.7 4,418.2 4,381.3 4,284.3 4,220.7 4,300.3 4,305.5 4,309.7 4,320.1 4,325.3 5.2

Manufacturing ........................................................... 15,034 14,594 14,564 14,521 15,020 14,592 14,573 14,556 14,530 14,504 -26

Production workers ....................................... 10,601 10,242 10,212 10,170 10,595 10,229 10,207 10,195 10,176 10,154 -22

Durable goods ....................................................... 9,329 9,012 9,018 9,010 9,316 9,018 9,010 9,004 9,001 8,993 -8

Production workers ....................................... 6,426 6,180 6,186 6,173 6,417 6,182 6,169 6,165 6,164 6,156 -8

Wood products ................................................... 544.9 547.8 548.3 545.1 548.1 538.2 542.1 544.2 547.2 547.5 .3

Nonmetallic mineral products ............................ 508.0 505.7 505.0 497.2 510.8 501.4 500.3 499.7 500.1 500.0 -.1

Primary metals .................................................... 500.7 469.5 468.0 470.6 499.7 475.9 472.4 470.6 469.0 470.1 1.1

Fabricated metal products ................................. 1,518.5 1,471.6 1,473.4 1,475.2 1,516.0 1,469.2 1,465.8 1,468.6 1,470.4 1,471.9 1.5

Machinery ........................................................... 1,213.7 1,161.1 1,165.9 1,165.8 1,212.4 1,168.0 1,168.1 1,165.9 1,166.9 1,163.2 -3.7

1 Computer and electronic products .................... 1,466.7 1,383.2 1,384.0 1,381.9 1,462.2 1,392.5 1,389.5 1,384.3 1,382.2 1,377.2 -5.0

Computer and peripheral equipment ............. 242.0 218.7 217.7 217.3 241.0 221.9 221.6 218.8 217.5 216.3 -1.2

Communications equipment ........................... 180.8 169.7 171.2 170.6 180.1 170.9 170.5 170.4 170.8 169.6 -1.2

Semiconductors and electronic components . 504.5 473.5 474.8 474.6 503.7 479.5 477.6 474.8 474.9 473.7 -1.2

Electronic instruments ..................................... 441.0 429.0 429.1 428.4 441.3 429.0 429.3 429.2 429.0 428.1 -.9

Electrical equipment and appliances ................ 485.0 458.6 459.5 461.5 485.2 462.1 461.1 460.8 461.2 461.6 .4

Transportation equipment .................................. 1,813.5 1,769.2 1,769.6 1,771.5 1,804.7 1,767.6 1,768.1 1,768.2 1,763.2 1,761.5 -1.7

Furniture and related products .......................... 589.0 575.7 576.2 576.3 589.1 572.7 573.7 574.5 575.5 576.2 .7

Miscellaneous manufacturing ............................ 688.7 669.7 668.2 664.6 687.9 670.4 668.8 667.2 665.7 664.1 -1.6

Nondurable goods ................................................. 5,705 5,582 5,546 5,511 5,704 5,574 5,563 5,552 5,529 5,511 -18

Production workers ....................................... 4,175 4,062 4,026 3,997 4,178 4,047 4,038 4,030 4,012 3,998 -14

Food manufacturing ........................................... 1,521.9 1,547.9 1,527.8 1,513.3 1,518.5 1,521.7 1,522.7 1,523.7 1,513.7 1,511.3 -2.4

Beverages and tobacco products ...................... 198.2 196.8 191.8 189.1 200.2 194.8 193.3 193.4 192.0 191.0 -1.0

Textile mills ......................................................... 284.1 254.0 252.9 249.1 284.9 259.6 258.3 255.4 253.4 250.2 -3.2

Textile product mills ........................................... 193.8 178.6 179.2 179.0 193.7 178.4 179.7 179.2 179.1 178.8 -.3

Apparel ................................................................ 334.6 298.7 298.6 292.1 337.2 299.0 296.5 296.3 296.0 293.4 -2.6

Leather and allied products ............................... 47.1 42.5 42.9 42.9 47.3 43.1 43.1 42.9 42.9 42.8 -.1

Paper and paper products ................................. 542.9 525.1 523.7 521.3 541.5 526.4 525.0 523.9 521.9 519.8 -2.1

Printing and related support activities ............... 693.9 686.6 685.0 681.2 689.8 690.0 687.7 684.5 682.8 678.5 -4.3

Petroleum and coal products ............................. 118.3 116.5 115.7 113.2 119.7 116.9 116.0 115.5 115.0 114.8 -.2

Chemicals ........................................................... 926.0 905.2 903.4 907.8 925.8 914.8 912.5 909.8 907.1 908.0 .9

Plastics and rubber products ............................. 843.9 829.6 824.8 821.9 845.4 829.3 828.6 826.9 825.1 822.7 -2.4

Service-providing ............................................ 108,761 108,804 109,060 109,078 107,875 107,899 108,002 108,114 108,169 108,182 13

Private service-providing ............................ 86,861 87,032 87,185 87,252 86,319 86,429 86,546 86,641 86,697 86,714 17

Trade, transportation, and utilities ........................... 26,059 25,364 25,674 25,867 25,378 25,217 25,243 25,256 25,236 25,201 -35

Wholesale trade .................................................... 5,612.2 5,561.7 5,561.1 5,573.5 5,603.9 5,550.0 5,551.2 5,551.3 5,553.4 5,565.3 11.9

Durable goods .................................................... 2,982.2 2,938.4 2,942.3 2,949.2 2,978.7 2,934.5 2,932.7 2,934.4 2,940.5 2,945.6 5.1

Nondurable goods .............................................. 2,012.4 2,000.2 1,994.1 1,998.0 2,009.6 1,997.7 1,995.9 1,994.4 1,989.7 1,995.4 5.7

Electronic markets and agents and brokers ..... 617.6 623.1 624.7 626.3 615.6 617.8 622.6 622.5 623.2 624.3 1.1

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail-Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2002

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003p

Dec.

2003p

Dec.

2002

Aug.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003p

Dec.

2003p

Change

from:

Nov. 2003-

Dec. 2003

Retail trade ............................................................ 15,626.2 15,053.0 15,362.1 15,536.1 15,005.6 14,975.1 14,986.9 14,996.1 14,968.6 14,930.6 -38.0

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1........................ 1,872.9 1,897.3 1,887.4 1,879.2 1,878.9 1,880.5 1,884.6 1,884.6 1,884.0 1,885.8 1.8

Automobile dealers ......................................... 1,248.0 1,255.2 1,248.6 1,245.0 1,249.6 1,248.1 1,249.5 1,248.6 1,247.2 1,247.1 -.1

Furniture and home furnishings stores ............. 567.4 545.6 563.2 572.3 548.4 541.6 544.1 545.4 548.9 551.2 2.3

Electronics and appliance stores ....................... 552.2 521.9 535.4 548.8 529.8 519.9 520.4 521.5 523.6 525.4 1.8

Building material and garden supply stores ...... 1,168.9 1,209.3 1,202.9 1,192.8 1,183.9 1,203.3 1,210.0 1,209.3 1,209.5 1,207.9 -1.6

Food and beverage stores ................................. 2,883.1 2,805.3 2,818.7 2,827.9 2,833.5 2,798.0 2,796.7 2,806.6 2,786.6 2,779.1 -7.5

Health and personal care stores ....................... 967.6 975.8 986.2 990.3 952.5 965.9 969.4 973.6 977.7 975.0 -2.7

Gasoline stations ................................................ 906.3 899.4 899.2 893.3 904.2 907.1 903.9 898.9 899.0 892.7 -6.3

Clothing and clothing accessories stores ......... 1,419.7 1,278.1 1,333.3 1,387.2 1,308.5 1,278.9 1,278.2 1,284.0 1,279.3 1,278.5 -.8

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

 stores................................................................ 713.6 640.0 669.2 700.2 637.8 640.6 640.3 638.7 636.9 630.0 -6.9

1 General merchandise stores ............................. 3,106.7 2,884.9 3,040.0 3,105.5 2,827.6 2,857.7 2,859.1 2,852.9 2,843.4 2,830.9 -12.5

Department stores .......................................... 1,920.7 1,724.8 1,845.9 1,892.7 1,727.5 1,703.6 1,704.1 1,704.1 1,701.7 1,700.7 -1.0

Miscellaneous store retailers ............................. 991.7 946.2 959.9 966.3 954.6 941.0 941.0 940.7 939.8 930.5 -9.3

Nonstore retailers ............................................... 476.1 449.2 466.7 472.3 445.9 440.6 439.2 439.9 439.9 443.6 3.7

Transportation and warehousing .......................... 4,224.1 4,157.4 4,159.9 4,164.7 4,170.7 4,101.2 4,114.1 4,116.7 4,122.0 4,112.3 -9.7

Air transportation ................................................ 554.6 498.5 499.6 502.2 553.9 500.0 501.4 498.4 500.4 502.3 1.9

Rail transportation .............................................. 217.5 217.1 217.5 216.5 216.3 214.8 216.8 216.4 216.2 215.6 -.6

Water transportation ........................................... 49.1 49.5 47.3 47.6 50.3 49.9 48.6 49.1 48.7 48.9 .2

Truck transportation ........................................... 1,336.5 1,349.5 1,345.7 1,338.4 1,331.9 1,331.0 1,330.1 1,332.1 1,334.1 1,334.0 -.1

Transit and ground passenger transportation ... 371.0 371.6 370.4 372.2 360.8 348.3 355.3 358.3 359.0 358.7 -.3

Pipeline transportation ....................................... 40.5 38.7 39.2 38.9 40.2 38.9 39.1 38.9 39.0 38.7 -.3

Scenic and sightseeing transportation .............. 22.1 30.1 26.3 25.6 25.6 30.0 29.7 29.9 30.1 30.6 .5

Support activities for transportation ................... 533.7 524.1 520.8 523.2 531.2 519.1 521.8 520.7 520.3 520.4 .1

Couriers and messengers .................................. 573.0 555.5 565.7 577.6 545.0 557.8 557.3 556.4 556.7 552.5 -4.2

Warehousing and storage .................................. 526.1 522.8 527.4 522.5 515.5 511.4 514.0 516.5 517.5 510.6 -6.9

Utilities ................................................................... 596.4 591.5 590.9 592.4 597.3 590.8 591.0 592.3 592.0 592.4 .4

Information ................................................................ 3,363 3,257 3,268 3,280 3,353 3,267 3,270 3,266 3,265 3,270 5

Publishing industries, except Internet ............... 966.4 939.0 942.3 944.4 962.2 941.5 939.2 939.5 939.9 939.8 -.1

Motion picture and sound recording industries . 384.8 364.0 372.2 382.8 381.6 367.2 373.3 373.1 375.2 378.4 3.2

Broadcasting, except Internet ............................ 334.0 323.6 324.6 324.9 332.1 322.9 325.0 323.2 323.0 323.0 .0

Internet publishing and broadcasting ................ 32.9 33.9 34.5 34.7 32.9 34.2 34.3 34.2 34.6 34.8 .2

Telecommunications .......................................... 1,161.4 1,124.9 1,122.0 1,123.6 1,162.5 1,125.7 1,125.0 1,123.3 1,122.3 1,125.6 3.3

ISPs, search portals, and data processing ....... 437.3 425.9 425.9 424.1 435.8 429.7 427.4 426.4 424.2 423.0 -1.2

Other information services ................................. 45.8 46.1 46.0 45.8 45.8 45.5 45.7 46.0 45.9 45.8 -.1

Financial activities .................................................... 7,890 7,967 7,951 7,949 7,889 7,980 7,986 7,971 7,964 7,952 -12

Finance and insurance .......................................... 5,868.1 5,911.1 5,907.4 5,897.4 5,861.0 5,924.4 5,933.2 5,916.3 5,908.1 5,891.5 -16.6

Monetary authorities - central bank ................... 22.7 21.9 21.9 21.8 22.7 22.0 22.0 21.9 21.9 21.8 -.1

1 Credit intermediation and related activities ....... 2,735.9 2,779.7 2,769.8 2,758.3 2,729.1 2,788.8 2,791.3 2,781.3 2,769.4 2,752.8 -16.6

1 Depository credit intermediation ..................... 1,751.4 1,769.0 1,765.5 1,767.2 1,751.3 1,772.4 1,773.8 1,774.5 1,770.4 1,767.8 -2.6

Commercial banking .................................... 1,293.1 1,299.7 1,295.4 1,294.3 1,292.8 1,304.8 1,304.1 1,303.3 1,298.5 1,294.7 -3.8

Securities, commodity contracts, investments .. 798.0 800.1 805.9 811.6 799.4 794.9 799.0 800.7 806.6 811.9 5.3

Insurance carriers and related activities ........... 2,227.3 2,228.7 2,228.9 2,223.6 2,225.7 2,237.1 2,238.9 2,231.2 2,229.2 2,223.1 -6.1

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles ........ 84.2 80.7 80.9 82.1 84.1 81.6 82.0 81.2 81.0 81.9 .9

Real estate and rental and leasing ....................... 2,021.6 2,055.5 2,043.6 2,051.7 2,028.3 2,055.2 2,052.7 2,054.5 2,055.5 2,060.1 4.6

Real estate .......................................................... 1,352.2 1,375.8 1,369.9 1,373.9 1,355.7 1,371.5 1,372.4 1,373.6 1,374.9 1,377.8 2.9

Rental and leasing services ............................... 642.5 649.1 643.5 646.9 645.8 654.2 650.5 650.5 650.2 651.2 1.0

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets ......... 26.9 30.6 30.2 30.9 26.8 29.5 29.8 30.4 30.4 31.1 .7

Professional and business services ........................ 15,922 16,331 16,271 16,193 15,972 16,054 16,107 16,142 16,179 16,224 45

1 Professional and technical services ..................... 6,681.2 6,665.9 6,695.6 6,732.9 6,716.9 6,657.3 6,685.4 6,714.0 6,736.5 6,754.3 17.8

Legal services .................................................. 1,121.1 1,128.3 1,130.3 1,127.6 1,120.2 1,121.9 1,124.9 1,128.4 1,128.3 1,127.1 -1.2

Accounting and bookkeeping services ........... 831.0 792.8 812.9 858.7 872.6 854.3 856.1 868.3 880.2 891.7 11.5

Architectural and engineering services .......... 1,245.6 1,253.0 1,253.0 1,248.0 1,252.5 1,238.1 1,247.2 1,247.8 1,252.3 1,253.0 .7

Computer systems design and related

 services.......................................................... 1,144.8 1,136.1 1,140.1 1,138.1 1,142.7 1,125.4 1,133.4 1,135.8 1,137.8 1,135.3 -2.5

Management and technical consulting

 services.......................................................... 742.0 750.0 748.6 754.0 739.8 736.1 739.7 746.6 746.6 750.2 3.6

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail-Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2002

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003p

Dec.

2003p

Dec.

2002

Aug.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003p

Dec.

2003p

Change

from:

Nov. 2003-

Dec. 2003

Professional and business services-Continued

Management of companies and enterprises ....... 1,708.4 1,694.5 1,701.2 1,698.6 1,694.2 1,690.8 1,691.7 1,688.8 1,688.8 1,685.2 -3.6

Administrative and waste services ....................... 7,532.3 7,971.0 7,874.5 7,761.0 7,561.0 7,706.1 7,729.6 7,738.8 7,753.2 7,784.9 31.7

1 Administrative and support services ................. 7,217.3 7,652.9 7,562.4 7,449.8 7,244.9 7,389.2 7,413.1 7,423.7 7,440.6 7,471.7 31.1

1 Employment services ...................................... 3,277.7 3,586.9 3,541.2 3,506.7 3,259.2 3,373.7 3,394.5 3,415.5 3,439.0 3,474.9 35.9

Temporary help services ............................. 2,169.9 2,389.5 2,354.6 2,340.6 2,159.4 2,236.6 2,261.1 2,271.9 2,295.0 2,325.0 30.0

Business support services .............................. 765.6 758.3 757.6 756.3 757.0 750.4 754.3 752.7 749.9 747.2 -2.7

Services to buildings and dwellings ............... 1,531.2 1,645.8 1,612.4 1,539.2 1,591.7 1,613.5 1,610.3 1,603.3 1,601.7 1,603.0 1.3

Waste management and remediation services 315.0 318.1 312.1 311.2 316.1 316.9 316.5 315.1 312.6 313.2 .6

Education and health services ................................ 16,516 16,805 16,867 16,827 16,373 16,541 16,570 16,625 16,653 16,674 21

Educational services ............................................. 2,811.7 2,902.6 2,935.1 2,882.1 2,695.1 2,699.8 2,715.6 2,738.7 2,748.2 2,755.4 7.2

Health care and social assistance ........................13,704.1 13,902.0 13,931.7 13,944.9 13,677.5 13,840.8 13,854.1 13,885.8 13,904.7 13,918.6 13.9

1 Ambulatory health care services ....................... 4,723.4 4,819.4 4,824.7 4,832.9 4,712.5 4,791.7 4,791.7 4,809.2 4,816.6 4,822.6 6.0

Offices of physicians ....................................... 2,027.6 2,069.4 2,074.0 2,084.3 2,022.1 2,056.6 2,056.9 2,068.3 2,072.6 2,078.6 6.0

Outpatient care centers ................................... 413.2 413.2 416.9 416.1 412.2 413.7 413.7 414.1 416.1 415.2 -.9

Home health care services ............................. 696.3 719.7 715.6 717.4 693.0 711.8 711.3 714.0 712.7 714.7 2.0

Hospitals ............................................................. 4,193.9 4,242.3 4,253.0 4,255.2 4,190.4 4,235.2 4,239.5 4,242.5 4,249.2 4,252.4 3.2

1 Nursing and residential care facilities ............... 2,770.7 2,799.6 2,804.2 2,806.0 2,766.1 2,789.7 2,794.4 2,798.3 2,800.1 2,802.0 1.9

Nursing care facilities ...................................... 1,581.9 1,588.9 1,590.2 1,587.3 1,579.2 1,583.8 1,586.9 1,587.6 1,588.0 1,586.4 -1.6

1 Social assistance ................................................ 2,016.1 2,040.7 2,049.8 2,050.8 2,008.5 2,024.2 2,028.5 2,035.8 2,038.8 2,041.6 2.8

Child day care services ................................... 733.5 747.9 748.7 746.5 725.2 732.4 731.2 736.0 737.0 737.4 .4

Leisure and hospitality ............................................. 11,784 12,005 11,853 11,841 12,019 12,051 12,056 12,071 12,091 12,087 -4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation ...................... 1,664.9 1,705.5 1,622.7 1,625.7 1,817.8 1,759.8 1,759.1 1,759.9 1,759.4 1,758.5 -.9

Performing arts and spectator sports ................ 348.2 341.7 334.5 335.6 367.2 347.3 351.6 351.1 349.1 349.5 .4

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks ...... 107.5 109.9 108.3 106.9 110.5 109.8 109.1 109.8 110.2 109.9 -.3

Amusements, gambling, and recreation ........... 1,209.2 1,253.9 1,179.9 1,183.2 1,340.1 1,302.7 1,298.4 1,299.0 1,300.1 1,299.1 -1.0

Accommodations and food services .................... 10,118.6 10,299.4 10,230.5 10,214.9 10,200.8 10,290.8 10,296.7 10,310.7 10,331.6 10,328.0 -3.6

Accommodations ................................................ 1,728.4 1,743.9 1,706.0 1,695.5 1,805.2 1,769.1 1,754.7 1,751.8 1,765.9 1,768.5 2.6

Food services and drinking places .................... 8,390.2 8,555.5 8,524.5 8,519.4 8,395.6 8,521.7 8,542.0 8,558.9 8,565.7 8,559.5 -6.2

Other services .......................................................... 5,327 5,303 5,301 5,295 5,335 5,319 5,314 5,310 5,309 5,306 -3

Repair and maintenance .................................... 1,220.9 1,217.3 1,210.1 1,202.4 1,224.3 1,222.3 1,219.7 1,215.3 1,210.7 1,206.8 -3.9

Personal and laundry services .......................... 1,234.2 1,223.5 1,224.8 1,217.0 1,232.7 1,223.5 1,219.7 1,220.3 1,221.4 1,217.0 -4.4

Membership associations and organizations .... 2,871.9 2,862.1 2,865.8 2,875.9 2,878.2 2,872.7 2,874.8 2,874.0 2,876.6 2,882.0 5.4

Government .............................................................. 21,900 21,772 21,875 21,826 21,556 21,470 21,456 21,473 21,472 21,468 -4

Federal ................................................................... 2,800 2,728 2,708 2,731 2,778 2,745 2,742 2,730 2,720 2,710 -10

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service ................. 1,951.6 1,919.8 1,902.9 1,906.1 1,956.4 1,929.5 1,929.6 1,919.5 1,913.3 1,913.4 .1

U.S. Postal Service ............................................ 848.2 808.0 805.2 825.0 821.7 815.8 812.3 810.3 807.0 796.4 -10.6

State government .................................................. 5,068 5,076 5,092 5,046 4,984 4,928 4,948 4,952 4,954 4,951 -3

State government education .............................. 2,304.4 2,341.1 2,364.4 2,318.9 2,202.5 2,186.6 2,203.3 2,208.9 2,212.1 2,209.6 -2.5

State government, excluding education ............ 2,763.3 2,734.6 2,727.4 2,726.7 2,781.0 2,741.6 2,744.3 2,743.4 2,742.0 2,740.9 -1.1

Local government .................................................. 14,032 13,968 14,075 14,049 13,794 13,797 13,766 13,791 13,798 13,807 9

Local government education ............................. 8,014.6 7,925.1 8,034.1 8,019.9 7,698.1 7,735.1 7,682.6 7,697.2 7,697.9 7,704.5 6.6

Local government, excluding education ........... 6,017.7 6,043.1 6,040.7 6,028.6 6,095.8 6,061.9 6,083.8 6,093.4 6,099.9 6,102.0 2.1

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately. p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2002

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003p

Dec.

2003p

Dec.

2002

Aug.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003p

Dec.

2003p

Change

from:

Nov. 2003-

Dec. 2003

Total private ....................................... 34.1 33.8 34.1 33.7 33.8 33.7 33.7 33.8 33.9 33.7 -0.2

Goods-producing .......................................... 40.1 40.2 40.3 40.3 39.8 39.8 39.9 39.9 40.1 40.0 -.1

Natural resources and mining .............................. 43.0 44.0 44.1 43.4 43.0 43.7 43.7 43.8 43.8 43.6 -.2

Construction ............................................................ 37.6 38.9 38.2 37.7 38.2 38.6 38.4 38.4 38.4 38.3 -.1

Manufacturing ......................................................... 41.2 40.7 41.2 41.5 40.5 40.2 40.5 40.6 40.8 40.7 -.1

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.7 4.4 4.6 4.9 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.6 .1

Durable goods ..................................................... 41.6 41.1 41.5 42.0 40.9 40.5 40.9 41.0 41.2 41.2 .0

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.7 4.5 4.7 5.3 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.8 .2

Wood products .................................................. 40.0 41.0 41.4 41.1 39.9 40.4 40.4 40.8 41.2 40.9 -.3

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 41.5 42.6 42.7 42.0 41.9 42.1 41.9 42.2 42.4 42.4 .0

Primary metals .................................................. 43.3 42.3 43.0 43.6 42.6 41.9 42.2 42.4 42.8 42.8 .0

Fabricated metal products .............................. 41.4 41.0 41.4 41.7 40.5 40.5 40.7 40.9 41.0 40.8 -.2

Machinery .......................................................... 41.4 40.8 41.5 42.3 40.5 40.7 41.0 41.0 41.3 41.4 .1

Computer and electronic products ................ 41.5 40.8 41.3 41.3 40.5 41.1 40.6 40.6 40.7 40.4 -.3

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 41.8 41.2 41.4 42.4 40.6 40.6 40.6 40.9 40.8 41.1 .3

Transportation equipment ............................... 43.0 42.4 42.5 43.8 42.4 40.7 42.0 42.0 42.3 42.7 .4

Furniture and related products ....................... 40.4 39.1 39.8 40.5 39.9 39.1 39.3 39.3 39.6 39.8 .2

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 39.4 38.3 39.3 39.2 38.8 38.2 38.4 38.3 38.9 38.5 -.4

Nondurable goods ............................................... 40.5 40.1 40.7 40.6 40.0 39.7 39.9 40.0 40.2 40.0 -.2

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.4 4.4 3.9 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.2 -.1

Food manufacturing ......................................... 40.1 39.7 40.2 39.9 39.4 39.3 39.4 39.4 39.4 39.3 -.1

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 38.8 39.2 40.0 38.7 38.5 38.8 39.3 39.0 39.9 38.7 -1.2

Textile mills ........................................................ 40.6 39.1 40.1 40.2 40.4 38.7 39.1 39.3 39.9 39.7 -.2

Textile product mills ......................................... 40.1 40.4 40.4 40.6 39.3 39.9 40.6 40.3 40.2 39.8 -.4

Apparel ............................................................... 36.4 36.0 36.4 35.9 36.3 34.7 35.2 35.8 36.0 35.7 -.3

Leather and allied products ............................ 39.2 39.2 39.6 40.3 39.0 39.0 38.6 39.3 39.5 40.0 .5

Paper and paper products .............................. 42.6 41.7 42.2 42.7 41.8 41.2 41.2 41.6 41.8 41.8 .0

Printing and related support activities ........... 38.9 38.9 39.0 38.8 38.5 38.0 38.2 38.6 38.5 38.3 -.2

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 44.0 45.2 46.0 44.5 44.0 44.4 44.2 45.0 45.9 44.6 -1.3

Chemicals .......................................................... 42.9 42.1 43.1 42.9 42.3 42.3 42.3 42.1 42.7 42.4 -.3

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 41.0 40.8 41.1 41.6 40.3 40.2 40.5 40.7 40.7 40.8 .1

Private service-providing ............................. 32.8 32.3 32.7 32.2 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.3 -.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 33.9 33.6 33.7 33.4 33.5 33.5 33.6 33.6 33.6 33.4 -.2

Wholesale trade ................................................... 38.2 38.0 38.6 37.7 37.8 37.9 37.9 38.1 38.0 37.8 -.2

Retail trade ........................................................... 31.2 30.8 30.7 30.8 30.8 30.8 30.9 30.9 30.9 30.7 -.2

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 37.6 37.1 37.7 36.9 37.0 36.9 36.9 37.1 37.1 36.6 -.5

Utilities ................................................................... 41.1 41.2 41.5 40.5 41.2 40.9 40.5 41.0 41.1 40.6 -.5

Information ............................................................... 36.8 36.3 37.0 36.2 36.4 36.3 36.2 36.3 36.5 36.3 -.2

Financial activities .................................................. 36.3 35.3 36.1 35.2 35.7 35.5 35.4 35.5 35.5 35.3 -.2

Professional and business services .................... 34.5 33.9 34.3 33.7 34.2 33.9 34.0 34.0 34.1 33.8 -.3

Education and health services ............................. 32.6 32.4 32.9 32.5 32.4 32.7 32.5 32.5 32.7 32.6 -.1

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 25.8 25.5 25.7 25.2 25.8 25.4 25.6 25.6 25.7 25.6 -.1

Other services ......................................................... 32.1 31.7 31.8 31.5 31.9 31.7 31.7 31.7 31.7 31.5 -.2

1 Data relate to production workers in natural resources and mining and approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory p = preliminary.

workers in the service-providing industries. These groups account for
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and 

selected industry detail

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Dec.

2002

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003p

Dec.

2003p

Dec.

2002

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003p

Dec.

2003p

Total private ....................................... $15.26 $15.46 $15.53 $15.52 $520.37 $522.55 $529.57 $523.02

Seasonally adjusted ..................... 15.20 15.46 15.47 15.50 513.76 522.55 524.43 522.35

Goods-producing .......................................... 16.66 16.94 16.95 17.04 668.07 680.99 683.09 686.71

Natural resources and mining .............................. 17.40 17.77 17.76 18.01 748.20 781.88 783.22 781.63

Construction ............................................................ 18.90 19.11 19.11 19.18 710.64 743.38 730.00 723.09

Manufacturing ......................................................... 15.65 15.81 15.87 16.02 644.78 643.47 653.84 664.83

Durable goods ..................................................... 16.39 16.54 16.56 16.73 681.82 679.79 687.24 702.66

Wood products .................................................. 12.49 12.82 12.88 12.84 499.60 525.62 533.23 527.72

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 15.55 15.95 15.94 15.91 645.33 679.47 680.64 668.22

Primary metals .................................................. 18.09 18.22 18.27 18.33 783.30 770.71 785.61 799.19

Fabricated metal products .............................. 14.97 15.02 15.05 15.25 619.76 615.82 623.07 635.93

Machinery .......................................................... 16.20 16.38 16.52 16.71 670.68 668.30 685.58 706.83

Computer and electronic products ................ 16.41 16.74 16.81 16.79 681.02 682.99 694.25 693.43

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 14.16 14.34 14.55 14.63 591.89 590.81 602.37 620.31

Transportation equipment ............................... 21.42 21.36 21.27 21.58 921.06 905.66 903.98 945.20

Furniture and related products ....................... 12.93 13.01 13.08 13.21 522.37 508.69 520.58 535.01

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 13.08 13.47 13.49 13.57 515.35 515.90 530.16 531.94

Nondurable goods ............................................... 14.48 14.68 14.79 14.88 586.44 588.67 601.95 604.13

Food manufacturing ......................................... 12.81 12.75 12.81 12.94 513.68 506.18 514.96 516.31

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 18.04 17.90 18.30 17.96 699.95 701.68 732.00 695.05

Textile mills ........................................................ 11.83 12.02 12.14 12.20 480.30 469.98 486.81 490.44

Textile product mills ......................................... 11.20 11.39 11.42 11.56 449.12 460.16 461.37 469.34

Apparel ............................................................... 9.30 9.70 9.70 9.85 338.52 349.20 353.08 353.62

Leather and allied products ............................ 11.51 11.89 11.94 11.99 451.19 466.09 472.82 483.20

Paper and paper products .............................. 17.26 17.57 17.71 17.66 735.28 732.67 747.36 754.08

Printing and related support activities ........... 15.35 15.42 15.53 15.58 597.12 599.84 605.67 604.50

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 23.65 23.69 24.00 23.97 1,040.60 1,070.79 1,104.00 1,066.67

Chemicals .......................................................... 18.34 18.68 18.84 18.84 786.79 786.43 812.00 808.24

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 13.81 14.17 14.22 14.41 566.21 578.14 584.44 599.46

Private service-providing ............................. 14.88 15.05 15.15 15.11 488.06 486.12 495.41 486.54

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 14.12 14.39 14.43 14.35 478.67 483.50 486.29 479.29

Wholesale trade ................................................... 17.22 17.39 17.48 17.37 657.80 660.82 674.73 654.85

Retail trade ........................................................... 11.76 11.92 11.92 11.91 366.91 367.14 365.94 366.83

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 16.04 16.35 16.51 16.52 603.10 606.59 622.43 609.59

Utilities ................................................................... 24.26 25.20 25.44 25.50 997.09 1,038.24 1,055.76 1,032.75

Information ............................................................... 20.90 21.35 21.36 21.17 769.12 775.01 790.32 766.35

Financial activities .................................................. 16.64 17.23 17.27 17.12 604.03 608.22 623.45 602.62

Professional and business services .................... 17.28 17.17 17.45 17.36 596.16 582.06 598.54 585.03

Education and health services ............................. 15.55 15.81 15.83 15.89 506.93 512.24 520.81 516.43

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 8.81 8.77 8.80 8.92 227.30 223.64 226.16 224.78

Other services ......................................................... 14.01 13.95 14.01 14.05 449.72 442.22 445.52 442.58

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Total private:

Dec.

2002

Aug.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003p

Dec.

2003p

Percent

change from:

Nov. 2003-

Dec. 2003

Current dollars .............................................. $15.20 $15.45 $15.44 $15.46 $15.47 $15.50 0.2

2 Constant (1982) dollars .............................. 8.30 8.30 8.27 8.29 8.32 N.A. 3( )

Goods-producing .......................................................... 16.60 16.86 16.89 16.90 16.92 16.97 .3

Natural resources and mining .............................................. 17.37 17.69 17.74 17.82 17.82 17.95 .7

Construction ............................................................................ 18.81 18.99 19.02 19.03 19.08 19.10 .1

Manufacturing ......................................................................... 15.55 15.79 15.83 15.83 15.85 15.90 .3

4 Excluding overtime .................................................... 14.77 15.02 15.05 15.03 15.02 15.05 .2

Durable goods ..................................................................... 16.28 16.49 16.55 16.53 16.52 16.60 .5

Nondurable goods ............................................................... 14.41 14.70 14.71 14.73 14.79 14.80 .1

Private service-providing ............................................. 14.81 15.06 15.04 15.07 15.08 15.10 .1

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................................... 14.19 14.39 14.37 14.41 14.43 14.45 .1

Wholesale trade ................................................................... 17.13 17.40 17.40 17.42 17.39 17.37 -.1

Retail trade ........................................................................... 11.83 11.96 11.94 11.96 11.97 11.99 .2

Transportation and warehousing ...................................... 16.02 16.36 16.34 16.38 16.45 16.49 .2

Utilities ................................................................................... 24.09 24.95 24.93 25.21 25.34 25.34 .0

Information ............................................................................... 20.74 21.32 21.28 21.22 21.19 21.06 -.6

Financial activities .................................................................. 16.56 17.33 17.25 17.23 17.18 17.19 .1

Professional and business services .................................... 17.09 17.24 17.24 17.28 17.32 17.33 .1

Education and health services ............................................. 15.52 15.76 15.76 15.80 15.82 15.84 .1

Leisure and hospitality ........................................................... 8.73 8.75 8.76 8.77 8.78 8.82 .5

Other services ......................................................................... 13.94 13.98 13.98 13.98 13.99 14.00 .1

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. 4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of

2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and time and one-half.

Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this series. N.A. = not available.

3 Change was 0.4 percent from Oct. 2003 to Nov. 2003, the p = preliminary.

latest month available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2002

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003p

Dec.

2003p

Dec.

2002

Aug.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003p

Dec.

2003p

Percent

change from:

Nov. 2003-

Dec. 2003

Total private ....................................... 100.7 99.8 100.7 99.3 99.4 98.7 98.7 99.1 99.4 98.8 -0.6

Goods-producing .......................................... 98.5 98.4 97.9 96.5 98.2 96.0 96.1 96.1 96.5 96.2 -.3

Natural resources and mining .............................. 96.7 99.2 99.2 95.8 96.7 96.2 95.5 96.7 96.9 96.0 -.9

Construction ............................................................ 95.5 104.8 101.3 96.6 98.5 99.9 99.6 99.6 99.6 99.6 .0

Manufacturing ......................................................... 99.9 95.4 96.3 96.6 98.2 94.1 94.6 94.7 95.0 94.6 -.4

Durable goods ..................................................... 100.1 95.1 96.1 97.1 98.3 93.8 94.5 94.7 95.1 95.0 -.1

Wood products .................................................. 97.9 100.6 101.7 100.6 98.3 97.5 97.8 99.4 101.1 100.6 -.5

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 95.1 97.4 97.3 93.7 97.0 94.9 94.1 94.9 95.4 95.5 .1

Primary metals .................................................. 100.1 91.4 92.5 94.6 98.3 91.7 91.7 91.8 92.4 92.8 .4

Fabricated metal products .............................. 99.9 95.6 96.7 97.4 97.6 94.2 94.5 95.1 95.5 95.1 -.4

Machinery .......................................................... 99.9 93.9 96.2 97.9 97.6 94.3 95.0 94.8 95.8 95.5 -.3

Computer and electronic products ................ 102.2 93.9 95.1 94.4 99.3 95.4 93.9 93.4 93.3 91.9 -1.5

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 100.6 92.0 92.8 95.4 97.8 91.6 91.3 91.7 91.7 92.5 .9

Transportation equipment ............................... 100.9 96.7 97.1 100.1 98.8 92.8 95.5 95.4 95.7 96.6 .9

Furniture and related products ....................... 100.2 93.5 95.1 96.8 98.9 93.2 93.8 93.8 94.5 94.8 .3

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 100.4 93.2 95.3 94.7 98.8 93.2 93.2 92.9 94.0 92.9 -1.2

Nondurable goods ............................................... 99.3 95.7 96.3 95.3 98.2 94.4 94.6 94.7 94.7 93.9 -.8

Food manufacturing ......................................... 101.2 101.6 101.2 99.4 99.2 98.5 98.8 98.8 98.1 97.7 -.4

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 90.8 87.5 86.1 82.8 91.3 85.1 85.0 84.8 86.4 83.7 -3.1

Textile mills ........................................................ 97.1 83.0 84.6 83.1 96.9 83.6 84.3 83.6 84.2 82.5 -2.0

Textile product mills ......................................... 101.0 94.3 94.2 95.1 99.1 91.8 95.0 94.3 93.9 93.1 -.9

Apparel ............................................................... 92.2 79.3 80.3 76.9 93.1 76.2 76.7 77.8 78.5 76.7 -2.3

Leather and allied products ............................ 97.5 87.0 88.7 90.2 97.8 88.1 87.5 88.3 88.7 89.8 1.2

Paper and paper products .............................. 99.9 93.4 94.2 95.0 97.9 92.8 92.4 93.0 93.1 92.7 -.4

Printing and related support activities ........... 98.9 97.4 97.1 96.0 97.3 95.5 95.5 96.1 95.6 94.4 -1.3

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 100.5 102.2 103.3 96.2 102.2 99.5 98.8 100.0 101.7 98.0 -3.6

Chemicals .......................................................... 101.1 97.8 99.9 100.3 99.8 99.6 99.1 98.6 99.6 99.2 -.4

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 99.7 97.2 97.0 97.8 98.3 95.7 96.3 96.6 96.3 96.1 -.2

Private service-providing ............................. 101.5 99.9 101.3 99.8 99.9 99.5 99.6 99.7 100.0 99.4 -.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 103.3 99.1 100.9 100.8 98.9 98.2 98.6 98.6 98.5 97.7 -.8

Wholesale trade ................................................... 99.6 97.6 99.2 96.9 98.4 97.2 97.3 97.7 97.5 97.1 -.4

Retail trade ........................................................... 105.3 99.5 101.6 103.2 99.2 99.0 99.4 99.5 99.2 98.2 -1.0

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 102.6 99.4 101.2 99.2 99.3 97.1 97.6 98.3 98.4 96.9 -1.5

Utilities ................................................................... 100.0 99.7 100.6 98.4 100.5 98.8 98.0 99.5 99.8 98.7 -1.1

Information ............................................................... 99.2 98.7 101.3 99.6 98.0 99.2 99.1 99.6 100.2 99.8 -.4

Financial activities .................................................. 102.5 100.4 102.5 100.0 100.9 101.4 101.2 101.2 101.1 100.5 -.6

Professional and business services .................... 99.8 100.1 100.7 98.4 99.2 98.3 98.8 99.0 99.4 98.9 -.5

Education and health services ............................. 102.5 103.0 105.0 103.4 100.9 102.5 102.0 102.3 103.0 102.7 -.3

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 97.8 98.4 97.9 95.8 100.3 98.6 99.3 99.5 100.0 99.6 -.4

Other services ......................................................... 99.3 97.4 97.8 96.7 98.9 97.8 97.8 97.6 97.6 96.9 -.7

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate hours estimates

p = preliminary. are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and production or

NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by nonsupervisory worker employment.

dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Indexes of aggregrate weekly payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Dec.

2002

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003p

Dec.

2003p

Dec.

2002

Aug.

2003

Sept.

2003

Oct.

2003

Nov.

2003p

Dec.

2003p

Percent

change from:

Nov. 2003-

Dec. 2003

Total private ....................................... 102.8 103.2 104.6 103.1 101.0 102.0 102.0 102.5 102.8 102.4 -0.4

Goods-producing .......................................... 100.4 102.1 101.7 100.7 99.8 99.1 99.4 99.4 100.0 99.9 -.1

Natural resources and mining .............................. 97.8 102.4 102.3 100.2 97.6 98.8 98.4 100.0 100.3 100.1 -.2

Construction ............................................................ 97.5 108.2 104.6 100.1 100.1 102.4 102.3 102.3 102.7 102.7 .0

Manufacturing ......................................................... 102.3 98.6 99.9 101.2 99.8 97.2 97.9 98.0 98.5 98.3 -.2

Durable goods ..................................................... 102.5 98.2 99.4 101.4 99.9 96.5 97.6 97.7 98.1 98.5 .4

Nondurable goods ............................................... 101.6 99.2 100.6 100.2 99.9 98.0 98.4 98.5 99.0 98.2 -.8

Private service-providing ............................. 103.7 103.2 105.4 103.6 101.5 102.9 102.9 103.2 103.6 103.1 -.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 104.0 101.8 103.9 103.2 100.2 100.8 101.1 101.4 101.4 100.7 -.7

Wholesale trade ................................................... 101.1 100.1 102.2 99.2 99.4 99.7 99.8 100.3 100.0 99.4 -.6

Retail trade ........................................................... 106.1 101.7 103.8 105.4 100.6 101.5 101.7 101.9 101.7 100.9 -.8

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 104.3 103.1 106.0 103.9 100.9 100.7 101.1 102.0 102.6 101.3 -1.3

Utilities ................................................................... 101.4 105.0 106.9 104.8 101.1 102.9 102.1 104.8 105.7 104.5 -1.1

Information ............................................................... 102.5 104.2 107.0 104.3 100.5 104.5 104.3 104.4 105.0 103.9 -1.0

Financial activities .................................................. 105.5 107.0 109.4 105.9 103.4 108.7 108.0 107.9 107.4 106.8 -.6

Professional and business services .................... 102.5 102.2 104.5 101.6 100.9 100.8 101.3 101.8 102.4 101.9 -.5

Education and health services ............................. 104.7 107.1 109.2 108.0 102.9 106.2 105.7 106.2 107.1 107.0 -.1

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 100.5 100.7 100.5 99.7 102.2 100.6 101.5 101.8 102.4 102.5 .1

Other services ......................................................... 101.4 99.0 99.8 99.0 100.4 99.7 99.6 99.4 99.5 98.9 -.6

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate payroll estimates

p = preliminary. are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly 

NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by hours, and production or nonsupervisrory worker employment.

dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate payrolls by the
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted

(Percent)

Time Span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

Private nonfarm payrolls, 278 industries 1

Over 1-month span:

1999 ........................................................ 56.3 64.7 56.7 65.8 64.2 61.9 63.3 59.9 57.6 64.4 69.1 64.4

2000 ........................................................ 65.5 60.3 65.5 58.8 47.7 61.7 65.5 52.9 52.3 54.1 57.7 53.2

2001 ........................................................ 52.3 49.6 48.6 36.5 41.4 38.1 35.6 38.5 39.0 35.6 37.8 36.0

2002 ........................................................ 40.5 37.4 37.6 41.0 41.7 43.7 39.0 41.7 43.3 43.9 42.4 37.2

2003 ........................................................ 44.2 36.7 44.1 46.9 43.3 37.2 43.2 40.8 50.0 50.0 p 54.3 p 50.4

Over 3-month span:

1999 ........................................................ 61.5 64.9 61.0 65.8 66.4 69.1 66.9 64.4 62.2 62.9 66.7 69.6

2000 ........................................................ 70.1 66.0 68.3 68.3 58.5 56.3 58.1 62.2 55.9 53.1 54.0 58.3

2001 ........................................................ 54.9 50.7 50.5 43.5 37.2 36.0 36.2 35.8 34.5 32.2 31.7 30.9

2002 ........................................................ 34.4 38.3 36.5 35.4 36.7 38.8 39.7 41.4 38.1 39.0 37.8 34.9

2003 ........................................................ 36.0 35.6 36.0 41.2 43.0 40.6 37.6 34.5 43.5 46.6 p 50.5 p 49.8

Over 6-month span:

1999 ........................................................ 66.9 64.9 63.7 64.0 65.6 65.8 66.7 66.2 69.4 68.7 66.4 66.5

2000 ........................................................ 67.6 68.7 71.4 71.9 68.5 66.2 67.3 60.4 58.3 55.0 61.0 55.2

2001 ........................................................ 53.2 51.4 50.7 47.1 42.8 38.8 37.6 34.5 31.1 32.9 31.3 31.7

2002 ........................................................ 30.6 29.9 31.1 31.3 33.3 35.8 36.9 37.4 37.8 39.9 38.3 35.8

2003 ........................................................ 37.4 36.5 35.1 34.7 37.4 36.5 38.7 35.1 40.8 38.8 p 42.6 p 44.8

Over 12-month span:

1999 ........................................................ 70.5 68.7 68.2 68.0 68.3 68.3 68.0 68.0 67.8 69.1 68.3 69.1

2000 ........................................................ 70.9 69.2 73.2 71.0 69.8 71.0 70.0 70.3 70.3 65.6 63.8 62.1

2001 ........................................................ 59.5 59.5 53.4 49.3 48.6 45.0 43.3 43.9 39.9 37.8 37.1 34.9

2002 ........................................................ 33.6 31.7 30.2 30.2 30.4 30.6 30.8 31.8 31.5 30.0 33.5 33.3

2003 ........................................................ 33.8 33.3 34.5 35.4 36.5 35.4 35.8 33.6 38.1 37.4 p 34.9 p 38.5

Over 1-month span:

1999 ........................................................ 42.3 38.7 33.3 39.3 52.4 34.5 50.0 40.5 41.7 50.6 56.0 51.8

2000 ........................................................ 50.6 53.6 54.8 42.9 39.9 53.6 62.5 28.6 24.4 35.1 41.1 38.7

2001 ........................................................ 24.4 22.0 24.4 14.3 14.3 19.6 14.3 13.7 17.9 16.7 16.7 9.5

2002 ........................................................ 19.0 22.6 20.8 33.9 30.4 32.1 34.5 25.0 31.0 19.6 21.4 25.0

2003 ........................................................ 36.3 19.0 27.4 20.2 30.4 25.6 31.5 25.6 33.3 32.7 p 42.9 p 38.1

Over 3-month span:

1999 ........................................................ 33.9 40.5 37.5 35.7 41.7 43.5 42.3 38.1 41.1 44.6 49.4 56.5

2000 ........................................................ 54.2 54.8 58.3 51.8 41.7 41.1 54.8 48.2 29.2 25.6 25.0 42.3

2001 ........................................................ 34.5 24.4 17.9 14.3 11.9 14.3 10.7 7.7 8.3 9.5 8.9 8.3

2002 ........................................................ 11.9 11.9 16.7 20.2 21.4 20.2 28.6 25.6 25.6 17.9 14.9 10.7

2003 ........................................................ 14.9 15.5 19.6 16.7 17.9 14.3 20.2 18.5 24.4 25.6 p 31.0 p 35.1

Over 6-month span:

1999 ........................................................ 37.5 32.7 30.4 33.3 36.9 38.1 38.1 34.5 40.5 46.4 41.1 48.2

2000 ........................................................ 47.0 51.2 56.5 57.1 49.4 47.6 56.0 44.0 36.9 35.1 34.5 31.0

2001 ........................................................ 23.8 24.4 20.8 17.9 14.9 11.9 13.7 9.5 8.3 6.5 6.5 6.0

2002 ........................................................ 7.7 8.9 7.7 8.9 12.5 16.7 19.6 19.6 23.8 17.9 16.7 13.7

2003 ........................................................ 13.7 14.3 12.5 11.9 12.5 15.5 13.1 13.7 16.1 16.7 p 19.6 p 24.4

Over 12-month span:

1999 ........................................................ 35.7 32.1 29.8 32.1 32.7 32.1 34.5 32.1 33.3 39.3 41.1 42.9

2000 ........................................................ 41.7 39.3 47.0 50.0 46.4 52.4 51.8 49.4 46.4 40.5 35.1 33.3

2001 ........................................................ 29.8 32.1 20.8 19.0 13.1 12.5 10.7 11.9 11.9 10.1 8.3 6.0

2002 ........................................................ 7.1 6.0 6.0 7.1 7.7 5.4 6.0 8.9 7.7 9.5 13.1 13.1

2003 ........................................................ 13.7 15.5 16.7 13.1 15.5 16.1 13.1 14.3 12.5 13.1 p 11.9 p 14.3

Manufacturing payrolls, 84 industries 1

1Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment,

spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with

p= preliminary. increasing and decreasing employment.

NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment