For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Thursday, August 26, 2010 USDL-10-1174 

Technical information: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

WORKER DISPLACEMENT: 2007-2009 

From January 2007 through December 2009, 6.9 million workers were displaced from jobs they had 

held for at least 3 years, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. This was nearly twice as 

many as were displaced for the survey period covering January 2005 to December 2007. In January 

2010, about half of displaced workers were reemployed, down from about two-thirds for the prior survey in January 2008. The more recent period includes the recession that began in December 2007. In 

contrast, the prior survey covered a period of employment growth and declining unemployment. 

Since 1984, the Employment and Training Administration of the U.S. Department of Labor has sponsored surveys that collect information on workers who were displaced from their jobs. These surveys 

have been conducted biennially as supplements to the Current Population Survey (CPS), a monthly 

survey of households that is the primary source of information on the nation's labor force. 

Displaced workers are defined as persons 20 years of age and older who lost or left jobs because their 

plant or company closed or moved, there was insufficient work for them to do, or their position or shift 

was abolished. The period covered in this study was 2007-09, the 3 calendar years prior to the January 

2010 survey date. The following analysis focuses primarily on the 6.9 million persons who had worked 

for their employer for 3 or more years at the time of displacement (referred to as long-tenured). An additional 8.5 million persons were displaced from jobs they had held for less than 3 years (referred to as 

short-tenured). Combining the short- and long-tenured groups, the number of displaced workers totaled 

15.4 million from 2007-09, up from 8.3 million for the period covered by the prior survey (2005-07). 

Highlights from the January 2010 survey include: 

 In January 2010, 49 percent of the 6.9 million long-tenured displaced workers were reemployed, 

down from 67 percent for the prior survey in January 2008. This is lowest reemployment rate on 

record for the series, which began in 1984. (See table 1.) 

 Forty-three percent of long-tenured displaced workers cited insufficient work as the reason for 

their displacement, up from 24 percent for the previous survey. (See table 2.) 

 Nearly 1 in 4 long-tenured displaced workers lost a job in manufacturing. (See table 4.) 

 Among long-tenured workers who were displaced from full-time wage and salary jobs and who 

were reemployed in such jobs, 45 percent had earnings that were as much or more than those on 
- 2 - 

the lost job. This was lower than the proportion in January 2008, when 55 percent of those 

workers had earnings equal to or greater than those on the lost job. (See table 7.) 

Characteristics of the Reemployed 

Forty-nine percent of the 6.9 million long-tenured displaced workers were reemployed at the time of the 

survey in January 2010, down from 67 percent for the January 2008 survey. The proportion unemployed 

at the time of the most recent survey, 36 percent, was double the proportion in January 2008 (18 percents). Fifteen percent of long-tenured displaced workers were not in the labor force in January 2010, 

the same as in the previous survey. (See table 1.) 

In January 2010, reemployment rates for workers ages 20 to 24 and 25 to 54 were 55 and 53 percent, respectively. Reemployment rates for older workers—ages 55 to 64 and 65 years and over—were 39 and 

23 percent, respectively. Among most age groups, displaced workers were less likely to be employed 

and more likely to be unemployed than they were in the prior survey. Among those age 65 and over, 45 

percent were no longer in the labor force when surveyed in January 2010, down from 69 percent in 

January 2008. 

Among the displaced, men and women (49 percent) were equally likely to have found a new job at the 

time of the survey in January 2010. The reemployment rates for both men and women declined from the 

prior survey. Displaced men were somewhat more likely than displaced women to be unemployed at the 

time of the survey—39 versus 31 percent. The share of displaced women who had left the labor force, at 

20 percent, was greater than that for men—12 percent. 

In January 2010, the reemployment rates for long-tenured displaced whites (50 percent), Hispanics (49 

percent), blacks (43 percent), and Asians (38 percent) declined from the rates recorded in the January 

2008 survey. 

Reason for Job Loss and Receipt of Advance Notice 

Of the 6.9 million long-tenured workers displaced during the January 2007 through December 2009 

period, 43 percent cited insufficient work, 31 percent lost or left their jobs due to plant or company 

closings or moves, and 27 percent reported that their position or shift was abolished as the reason for 

being displaced. The proportion of displaced workers citing plant closings or moves or an abolished shift 

or position decreased from the prior survey, while the share reporting insufficient work increased. In 

prior displaced worker survey periods, plant or company closings or moves had been the most frequently 

stated reason for displacement. (See table 2.) 

Thirty-seven percent of long-tenured displaced workers in the January 2010 survey received written advance notice that their jobs would be terminated, down from 43 percent in the prior survey. Workers 

who lost jobs due to plant or company closings or moves were most likely to receive written advance 

notice. Of this group, 55 percent received such notice. In contrast, 37 percent of workers who were displaced because their position or shift was abolished and 24 percent of those who lost jobs due to insufficient work were notified in advance. For each of these groups, however, receipt of written advance 

notice had little impact on the likelihood of being reemployed at the time of the survey in January 2010. 

(See table 3.) 
- 3 - 

Industry and Occupation 

As was the case in prior surveys, manufacturing accounted for the largest number of displaced workers. 

During the 2007-09 period, 1.6 million factory workers were displaced from their jobs—23 percent of 

all long-tenured displaced workers. Manufacturing displacements were again concentrated within the 

durable goods component (1.1 million), particularly in transportation equipment and in computers and 

electronic products. Workers in wholesale and retail trade accounted for 14 percent, and construction 

made up 13 percent of all long-tenured displaced. (See table 4.) 

The reemployment rates for workers displaced from construction (49 percent) and wholesale and retail 

trade (49 percent) were the same as the overall reemployment rate for displaced workers. (Workers were 

not necessarily reemployed in the same industries from which they were displaced.) By comparison, reemployment rates for workers displaced from jobs in financial activities (58 percent), education and 

health services (57 percent), and government (55 percent) were above the overall reemployment rate. 

Displaced manufacturing workers (39 percent) were the least likely to be reemployed at the time of the 

survey. 

Compared with the prior survey, the number of displaced workers was higher for all occupation groups 

in January 2010. Reemployment rates differed by occupation, but were highest for those employed in 

professional and related occupations (60 percent) and lowest for those in production occupations (37 

percent). (See table 5.) 

Geographic Divisions 

Compared to the prior survey period, the number of long-tenured workers displaced during 2007-09 was 

higher in every geographic division of the United States. In January 2010, those residing in the West 

North Central division had the highest reemployment rates; about 60 percent of the displaced in this 

region were reemployed at the time of the survey. About one-quarter of displaced manufacturing 

workers lived in the East North Central division. (See table 6.) 

Earnings 

Of the 2.9 million displaced workers who lost full-time wage and salary jobs during the 2007-09 period 

and were reemployed in January 2010, 2.2 million had found full-time wage and salary jobs. Of these 

reemployed full-time workers who reported earnings on their lost job, 45 percent were earning as much 

or more than they did prior to displacement; the proportion was 55 percent in the January 2008 survey. 

In the most recent survey, 36 percent reported earnings losses of 20 percent or more. (See table 7.) 

Total Displaced Workers (With No Tenure Restriction) 

The total number of workers displaced between January 2007 and December 2009 (regardless of how 

long they had held their jobs) was 15.4 million, up by 7.2 million from the previous survey period. Of 

the total number of workers who lost jobs over the 2007-09 period, 49 percent were reemployed and 36 

percent were unemployed in January 2010. In the January 2008 survey, 67 percent of the total displaced 

were reemployed and 19 percent were unemployed. (See table 8.) 
Technical Note 

The data presented in this release were collected 

through a supplement to the January 2010 Current Population Survey (CPS), the monthly survey of about 60,000 

households that provides the basic data on employment and 

unemployment for the nation. The CPS is conducted by the 

U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics 

(BLS). The purpose of this supplement was to obtain 

information on the number and characteristics of persons 

who had been displaced (as defined below) from their jobs 

over the prior 3 calendar years. Additional information, 

reports, and archived news releases, including the Worker 

Displacement 2005-2007 news release, are available online 

at www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#displaced. 

Data presented in this release are based on Census 

2000 population controls that are updated annually in 

January. For additional information, see "Population control adjustments to the CPS" available on the Internet at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#pop. 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both 

sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather 

than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance 

that the sample estimates may differ from the "true" 

population values they represent. The exact difference, or 

sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample 

selected, and this variability is measured by the standard 

error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or 

level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will 

differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" 

population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses 

are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of 

confidence. 

The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. 

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including 

the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability 

to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, 

inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct 

information, and errors made in the collection or processing 

of the data. 

A full discussion of the reliability of data from the 

CPS and information on estimating standard errors is 

documented and can be found on the BLS web site at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#reliability. 

Concepts and questions 

Displaced workers are wage and salary workers 20 

years of age and older who lost or left jobs because their 

plant or company closed or moved, there was insufficient 

work for them to do, or their position or shift was 

abolished. Data are often presented for long-tenured displaced workers—those who had worked for their employer 

for 3 or more years at the time of displacement. 

Wage and salary workers receive wages, salaries, 

commissions, tips, payment in kind, or piece rates. The 

group includes employees in both the private and public 

sectors but excludes all self-employed persons, both those 

with incorporated businesses as well as those with unincorporated businesses. 

Data discussed in this release on displaced workers 

were obtained from the following questions: 

(This question was asked of all persons 20 years and 

over.) During the last 3 calendar years, that is, January 2007 

through December 2009, did (you/name) lose a job or leave 

one because: (your/his/her) plant or company closed or 

moved, (your/his/her) position or shift was abolished, 

insufficient work, or another similar reason? 

(If the respondent answered "yes" to the above 

question on job loss, the following question was then 

asked.) Which of these specific reasons describes why 

(name/you) (is/are) no longer working at that job? 

Plant or company closed down or moved 

Plant or company operating but lost or left job because of: 

Insufficient work 

Position or shift abolished 

Seasonal job completed 

Self-operated business failed 

Some other reason 

Respondents who provided one of the first three 

reasons—plant or company closed or moved, insufficient 

work, or position or shift abolished—were classified as 

displaced and asked additional questions about the lost job, 

including how many years they had worked for their 

employer; the year the job was lost; the earnings, industry, 

and occupation of the lost job; and whether health insurance 

had been provided. Other questions were asked to determine what occurred before and after the job loss, such as: 

Was the respondent notified of the upcoming dismissal? 

How long did he/she go without work? Did he/she receive 

unemployment benefits? And, if so, were the benefits used 

up? Did the person move to another location after the job 

loss to take or look for another job? Information also was 

collected about current health insurance coverage (other 

than Medicare and Medicaid) and current earnings for those 

employed in January 2010. 
Table 1. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by age, sex, race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, and employment

status in January 2010

Age, sex, race, and Hispanic

or Latino ethnicity

Total

(thousands)

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

TOTAL

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 6,938 100.0 48.8 36.1 15.2

20 to 24 years ............................................. 227 100.0 54.8 29.8 15.4

25 to 54 years ............................................. 4,923 100.0 53.4 35.6 11.0

55 to 64 years ............................................. 1,395 100.0 38.7 39.9 21.4

65 years and over ....................................... 392 100.0 22.5 32.4 45.1

Men

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 4,183 100.0 49.0 39.1 11.9

20 to 24 years ............................................. 144 100.0 54.2 38.7 7.1

25 to 54 years ............................................. 3,031 100.0 53.1 38.4 8.4

55 to 64 years ............................................. 810 100.0 38.4 41.4 20.2

65 years and over ....................................... 198 100.0 24.3 41.2 34.5

Women

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 2,754 100.0 48.5 31.4 20.1

20 to 24 years ............................................. 84 100.0 55.8 14.6 29.7

25 to 54 years ............................................. 1,892 100.0 53.9 31.0 15.1

55 to 64 years ............................................. 585 100.0 39.2 37.8 23.0

65 years and over ....................................... 194 100.0 20.7 23.3 56.0

White

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 5,716 100.0 50.3 35.0 14.8

Men ............................................................. 3,518 100.0 50.8 37.8 11.4

Women ....................................................... 2,198 100.0 49.5 30.4 20.2

Black or African American

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 761 100.0 42.9 41.2 15.9

Men ............................................................. 410 100.0 39.7 48.4 12.0

Women ....................................................... 351 100.0 46.7 32.8 20.4

Asian

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 294 100.0 37.8 47.8 14.3

Men ............................................................. 160 100.0 34.8 51.5 13.7

Women ....................................................... 135 100.0 41.5 43.4 15.1

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 993 100.0 48.7 38.0 13.4

Men ............................................................. 696 100.0 52.3 38.9 8.8

Women ....................................................... 297 100.0 40.1 35.8 24.1

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job

they had lost or left between January 2007 and December 2009

because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the

abolishment of their positions or shifts.

 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African

American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not

presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as

Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
Table 2. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by age, sex, race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, and reason for job loss,

January 2010

Age, sex, race, and Hispanic

or Latino ethnicity

Total

(thousands)

 Percent distribution by reason for job loss

Total

Plant or

company closed

down or moved

Insufficient work Position or shift

abolished

TOTAL

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 6,938 100.0 30.6 42.8 26.6

20 to 24 years ............................................................... 227 100.0 35.9 52.6 11.5

25 to 54 years ............................................................... 4,923 100.0 30.4 43.8 25.8

55 to 64 years ............................................................... 1,395 100.0 32.5 38.6 28.9

65 years and over ......................................................... 392 100.0 23.7 39.9 36.4

Men

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 4,183 100.0 29.8 47.9 22.3

20 to 24 years ............................................................... 144 100.0 25.4 66.6 8.0

25 to 54 years ............................................................... 3,031 100.0 29.5 49.2 21.3

55 to 64 years ............................................................... 810 100.0 33.2 40.7 26.1

65 years and over ......................................................... 198 100.0 25.2 43.4 31.3

Women

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 2,754 100.0 31.8 35.1 33.1

20 to 24 years ............................................................... 84 100.0 54.1 28.6 17.3

25 to 54 years ............................................................... 1,892 100.0 31.8 35.1 33.1

55 to 64 years ............................................................... 585 100.0 31.6 35.6 32.8

65 years and over ......................................................... 194 100.0 22.1 36.3 41.5

White

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 5,716 100.0 29.7 42.9 27.3

Men ............................................................................... 3,518 100.0 28.4 48.2 23.4

Women ......................................................................... 2,198 100.0 31.9 34.5 33.7

Black or African American

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 761 100.0 33.9 41.7 24.4

Men ............................................................................... 410 100.0 35.9 47.9 16.2

Women ......................................................................... 351 100.0 31.5 34.6 34.0

Asian

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 294 100.0 34.0 44.4 21.6

Men ............................................................................... 160 100.0 36.4 42.2 21.4

Women ......................................................................... 135 100.0 31.2 47.0 21.8

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 993 100.0 32.4 57.0 10.6

Men ............................................................................... 696 100.0 31.8 59.8 8.4

Women ......................................................................... 297 100.0 33.8 50.4 15.8

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they

had lost or left between January 2007 and December 2009 because of plant or

company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their

positions or shifts.

 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African

American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for

all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of

any race.
Table 3. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by whether they received written advance notice, reason for job loss, and

employment status in January 2010

Characteristic Total

(thousands)

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

TOTAL

 Total, 20 years and over 2 .................................................................. 6,938 100.0 48.8 36.1 15.2

Received written advance notice ............................................................ 2,554 100.0 51.6 33.5 15.0

Did not receive written advance notice ................................................... 4,296 100.0 47.2 37.7 15.1

Plant or company closed down or moved

 Total, 20 years and over 2 .................................................................. 2,123 100.0 53.2 30.5 16.3

Received written advance notice ............................................................ 1,175 100.0 54.1 30.0 15.9

Did not receive written advance notice ................................................... 933 100.0 52.0 31.3 16.6

Insufficient work

 Total, 20 years and over 2 .................................................................. 2,971 100.0 44.5 41.7 13.8

Received written advance notice ............................................................ 703 100.0 44.9 40.5 14.6

Did not receive written advance notice ................................................... 2,210 100.0 44.4 42.2 13.4

Position or shift abolished

 Total, 20 years and over 2 .................................................................. 1,844 100.0 50.6 33.3 16.0

Received written advance notice ............................................................ 676 100.0 54.1 32.3 13.6

Did not receive written advance notice ................................................... 1,154 100.0 48.5 34.3 17.1

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2007 and December 2009 because of plant or company

closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts. 2 Includes a small number who did not report information on advance notice.
Table 4. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by industry and class of worker of lost job and employment status in

January 2010

Industry and class of worker of lost job Total

(thousands)

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

 Total, 20 years and over 2 ................................................................. 6,938 100.0 48.8 36.1 15.2

Agriculture and related industries wage and salary workers .................. 36 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers .............................. 6,811 100.0 49.1 36.0 15.0

 Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers ................................. 6,546 100.0 48.8 36.2 15.0

 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction ................................. 73 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Construction ................................................................................... 919 100.0 49.1 39.2 11.6

 Manufacturing ................................................................................. 1,568 100.0 38.7 44.6 16.7

 Durable goods manufacturing .................................................. 1,134 100.0 33.4 49.1 17.5

 Primary metals and fabricated metal products ...................... 149 100.0 36.5 53.5 10.0

 Machinery manufacturing ...................................................... 154 100.0 30.7 52.4 16.9

 Computers and electronic products ....................................... 184 100.0 38.0 47.4 14.6

 Electrical equipment and appliances ..................................... 50 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Transportation equipment ...................................................... 276 100.0 35.9 42.4 21.8

 Miscellaneous manufacturing ................................................ 130 100.0 30.7 47.3 22.0

 Other durable goods industries ............................................. 191 100.0 27.4 53.7 18.8

 Nondurable goods manufacturing ............................................ 435 100.0 52.6 32.7 14.7

 Food manufacturing ............................................................... 39 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Textiles, apparel, and leather ................................................ 81 100.0 48.1 32.4 19.5

 Paper and printing ................................................................. 105 100.0 29.8 47.2 23.0

 Other nondurable goods industries ....................................... 209 100.0 60.1 29.4 10.4

 Wholesale and retail trade .............................................................. 995 100.0 48.8 32.6 18.6

 Wholesale trade ......................................................................... 294 100.0 50.4 36.7 12.9

 Retail trade ................................................................................ 701 100.0 48.1 30.9 21.0

 Transportation and utilities 4 ........................................................... 312 100.0 44.5 38.8 16.7

 Transportation and warehousing ............................................... 297 100.0 44.6 39.2 16.2

 Information 4 ................................................................................... 195 100.0 41.3 43.5 15.2

 Telecommunications .................................................................. 68 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Financial activities .......................................................................... 607 100.0 58.4 28.7 12.8

 Finance and insurance .............................................................. 463 100.0 57.6 29.1 13.3

 Finance .................................................................................. 331 100.0 58.0 28.7 13.3

 Insurance ............................................................................... 132 100.0 56.7 30.1 13.2

 Real estate and rental and leasing ............................................ 144 100.0 61.1 27.4 11.5

 Professional and business services ............................................... 778 100.0 52.0 35.2 12.8

 Professional and technical services .......................................... 507 100.0 56.5 33.7 9.8

 Management, administrative, and waste services ..................... 271 100.0 43.5 38.1 18.3

 Education and health services ........................................................ 543 100.0 56.9 28.5 14.6

 Educational services .................................................................. 105 100.0 49.3 28.6 22.1

 Health care and social assistance 4 .......................................... 438 100.0 58.7 28.4 12.8

 Hospitals ................................................................................ 121 100.0 64.0 27.6 8.4

 Health services, except hospitals .......................................... 233 100.0 55.6 31.6 12.8

 Leisure and hospitality 4 ................................................................. 326 100.0 52.2 32.5 15.3

 Accommodation and food services 4 ......................................... 223 100.0 62.5 26.0 11.4

 Food services and drinking places ........................................ 181 100.0 67.2 20.5 12.2

 Other services ................................................................................ 231 100.0 64.0 20.4 15.6

 Government wage and salary workers ................................................. 265 100.0 55.3 30.2 14.5

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had

lost or left between January 2007 and December 2009 because of plant or

company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their

positions or shifts. 2 Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and persons who

did not report industry or class of worker.

3 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 4 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

NOTE: Beginning with data for January 2010, industries reflect the introduction

of the 2007 census industry classification system into the Current Population

Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2007 North

American Industry Classification System. No historical data have been revised.
Table 5. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by occupation of lost job and employment status in January 2010

Occupation of lost job Total

(thousands)

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

 Total, 20 years and over 2 ................................................... 6,938 100.0 48.8 36.1 15.2

 Management, professional, and related occupations .............. 2,113 100.0 58.0 30.4 11.5

 Management, business, and financial operations

occupations ........................................................................ 1,149 100.0 56.7 31.1 12.2

 Professional and related occupations .................................... 964 100.0 59.6 29.7 10.8

 Service occupations ................................................................ 565 100.0 51.8 31.7 16.5

 Sales and office occupations ................................................... 1,718 100.0 46.4 36.4 17.2

 Sales and related occupations .............................................. 675 100.0 53.3 30.1 16.6

 Office and administrative support occupations ...................... 1,043 100.0 41.9 40.5 17.7

 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations ........................................................................ 1,089 100.0 47.5 40.4 12.1

 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................ 26 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Construction and extraction occupations ............................... 745 100.0 46.9 40.8 12.4

 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ................ 317 100.0 50.2 39.3 10.5

 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 1,382 100.0 38.2 42.0 19.8

 Production occupations ......................................................... 873 100.0 37.3 43.3 19.4

 Transportation and material moving occupations .................. 508 100.0 39.7 39.7 20.5

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they

had lost or left between January 2007 and December 2009 because of plant

or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their

positions or shifts. 2 Total includes a small number who did not report occupation. 3 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.
Table 6. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by selected characteristics and area of residence in January 2010

(In thousands)

Characteristic Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Mountain Pacific

Workers who lost jobs

 Total, 20 years and over ........................... 6,938 395 829 1,268 444 1,376 343 521 521 1,241

Men ............................................................... 4,183 219 488 755 247 836 208 334 326 771

Women ......................................................... 2,754 177 340 513 197 540 135 187 196 470

Reason for job loss

Plant or company closed down or moved ..... 2,123 106 326 395 135 362 121 169 145 365

Insufficient work ............................................ 2,971 166 287 489 151 642 155 265 243 573

Position or shift abolished ............................. 1,844 124 215 384 158 372 67 87 134 303

Industry and class of worker of lost job 2

Agriculture and related industries wage and

salary workers ........................................ 36 1 3 7 2 5 – – 1 17

Nonagricultural industries wage and salary

workers ................................................... 6,811 392 817 1,240 436 1,352 343 496 514 1,222

 Private nonagricultural wage and salary

workers ................................................... 6,546 375 789 1,190 425 1,286 328 493 501 1,157

 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas

extraction ................................................ 73 – 10 2 – 4 4 41 12 –

 Construction ......................................... 919 24 64 148 40 269 33 68 88 185

 Manufacturing ....................................... 1,568 73 182 407 110 232 133 86 89 256

 Durable goods ................................. 1,134 49 99 328 90 167 91 58 68 184

 Nondurable goods ........................... 435 23 83 79 21 65 42 28 21 72

 Wholesale and retail trade .................... 995 61 139 158 66 198 51 76 58 187

 Transportation and utilities ................... 312 20 27 78 12 54 22 29 23 47

 Information ............................................ 195 30 13 28 23 21 8 22 18 31

 Financial activities ................................ 607 43 66 106 51 137 14 44 37 108

 Professional and business services ..... 778 41 90 125 53 152 24 44 89 161

 Education and health services .............. 543 33 128 67 33 100 20 56 25 81

 Leisure and hospitality .......................... 326 25 41 44 18 67 13 17 48 52

 Other services ...................................... 231 24 29 26 18 53 7 10 15 48

 Government wage and salary workers ....... 265 17 28 49 11 66 14 3 12 65

Employment status

in January 2010

Employed ...................................................... 3,385 197 372 616 264 657 157 275 280 566

Unemployed ................................................. 2,502 154 323 457 121 511 138 158 146 493

Not in the labor force .................................... 1,051 44 134 195 59 208 48 87 95 182

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had

lost or left between January 2007 and December 2009 because of plant or

company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions

or shifts. 2 Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and persons who did

not report industry or class of worker.

 NOTE: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island,

and Vermont compose the New England Division; New Jersey, New York, and

Pennsylvania compose the Middle Atlantic Division; Illinois, Indiana, Michigan,

Ohio, and Wisconsin compose the East North Central Division; Iowa, Kansas,

Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota compose the

West North Central Division; Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia compose

the South Atlantic Division; Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee

compose the East South Central Division; Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and

Texas compose the West South Central Division; Arizona, Colorado, Idaho,

Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming compose the Mountain

Division; Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington compose the Pacific

Division. Dash represents or rounds to zero.
Table 7. Long-tenured displaced workers1 who lost full-time wage and salary jobs and were reemployed in January 2010

by industry of lost job and characteristics of new job

(In thousands)

Industry and class of worker of lost job

Reemployed in January 2010

Total

Wage and salary workers

Selfemployed

and

unpaid

family

workers

Part

time

Full time

Total 2

Earnings relative to those of lost job

20 percent

or more

below

Below, but

within 20

percent

Equal or

above, but

within 20

percent

20 percent

or more

above

 Total who lost full-time wage and salary jobs 3 ........ 2,933 424 2,161 649 345 522 295 348

Agriculture and related industries wage and salary

workers ................................................................... 10 1 9 3 1 – 4 –

Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers .... 2,903 423 2,132 645 341 519 287 348

 Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers ....... 2,794 406 2,040 624 331 487 263 348

 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction ....... 46 – 39 20 4 – 10 7

 Construction ......................................................... 380 51 283 80 45 61 42 46

 Manufacturing ....................................................... 575 64 467 162 78 107 39 44

 Durable goods ................................................. 361 38 289 102 46 68 24 34

 Nondurable goods ........................................... 214 26 178 60 32 39 14 10

 Wholesale and retail trade .................................... 407 90 269 94 40 69 39 48

 Transportation and utilities ................................... 133 19 104 32 9 27 15 10

 Information ............................................................ 73 6 47 15 9 15 3 20

 Financial activities ................................................ 322 38 235 69 43 67 24 49

 Professional and business services ..................... 367 45 253 66 38 63 39 69

 Education and health services .............................. 249 61 169 38 41 42 29 20

 Leisure and hospitality .......................................... 123 18 95 30 11 11 20 10

 Other services ...................................................... 119 15 79 19 12 24 5 25

 Government wage and salary workers ....................... 109 17 92 21 10 33 25 –

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had

lost or left between January 2007 and December 2009 because of plant or

company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their

positions or shifts.

2 Includes about 350,000 persons who did not report earnings on lost job. 3 Includes a small number who did not report industry.

 NOTE: Dash represents or rounds to zero.
Table 8. Total displaced workers1 by selected characteristics and employment status in January 2010

Characteristic Total

(thousands)

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

Workers who lost jobs

 Total, 20 years and over ....................................................... 15,429 100.0 48.8 36.4 14.8

20 to 24 years ........................................................................... 1,528 100.0 48.6 33.8 17.6

25 to 54 years ........................................................................... 11,178 100.0 51.7 36.6 11.7

55 to 64 years ........................................................................... 2,148 100.0 41.4 38.1 20.5

65 years and over ..................................................................... 575 100.0 20.8 32.6 46.7

 Men, 20 years and over ........................................................ 9,380 100.0 49.1 39.3 11.6

20 to 24 years ........................................................................... 960 100.0 47.0 39.3 13.7

25 to 54 years ........................................................................... 6,892 100.0 52.3 39.0 8.8

55 to 64 years ........................................................................... 1,240 100.0 39.5 40.9 19.6

65 years and over ..................................................................... 287 100.0 21.3 40.6 38.1

 Women, 20 years and over .................................................. 6,050 100.0 48.3 32.0 19.7

20 to 24 years ........................................................................... 567 100.0 51.3 24.5 24.2

25 to 54 years ........................................................................... 4,287 100.0 50.7 32.9 16.3

55 to 64 years ........................................................................... 908 100.0 43.9 34.3 21.8

65 years and over ..................................................................... 288 100.0 20.3 24.5 55.2

White ........................................................................................ 12,227 100.0 51.0 34.7 14.3

Black or African American ........................................................ 2,112 100.0 38.6 46.6 14.8

Asian ......................................................................................... 652 100.0 43.6 39.2 17.2

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity ....................................................... 2,546 100.0 49.7 36.6 13.7

Reason for job loss

Plant or company closed down or moved ................................. 4,178 100.0 53.8 30.7 15.5

Insufficient work ........................................................................ 7,765 100.0 44.3 41.2 14.5

Position or shift abolished ......................................................... 3,487 100.0 52.9 32.6 14.5

Occupation of lost job 2

 Management, professional, and related occupations .............. 3,962 100.0 59.6 29.9 10.5

 Management, business, and financial operations

occupations ........................................................................ 1,997 100.0 58.6 30.8 10.6

 Professional and related occupations .................................... 1,964 100.0 60.7 28.9 10.4

 Service occupations ................................................................ 1,747 100.0 49.0 35.1 16.0

 Sales and office occupations ................................................... 3,818 100.0 46.2 35.9 17.9

 Sales and related occupations .............................................. 1,688 100.0 50.4 30.9 18.8

 Office and administrative support occupations ...................... 2,130 100.0 42.9 39.8 17.2

 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations ........................................................................ 2,498 100.0 47.5 39.7 12.7

 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................ 86 100.0 45.0 38.1 16.8

 Construction and extraction occupations ............................... 1,766 100.0 47.5 40.6 12.0

 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ................ 646 100.0 48.0 37.7 14.3

 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 2,908 100.0 40.3 42.7 17.0

 Production occupations ......................................................... 1,668 100.0 40.1 43.2 16.8

 Transportation and material moving occupations .................. 1,240 100.0 40.7 42.0 17.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 8. Total displaced workers1 by selected characteristics and employment status in January 2010 —

Continued

Characteristic Total

(thousands)

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

Industry and class of worker of lost job 2

Agriculture and related industries wage and salary workers .... 99 100.0 44.4 41.9 13.7

Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers ................ 14,806 100.0 49.2 36.2 14.5

 Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers ................... 14,256 100.0 49.2 36.3 14.4

 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction ................... 140 100.0 60.5 32.0 7.5

 Construction ..................................................................... 2,066 100.0 48.4 39.5 12.1

 Manufacturing ................................................................... 2,829 100.0 42.2 43.3 14.5

 Durable goods ............................................................. 2,016 100.0 38.9 47.2 13.9

 Nondurable goods ....................................................... 814 100.0 50.4 33.5 16.1

 Wholesale and retail trade ................................................ 2,263 100.0 46.9 34.8 18.3

 Transportation and utilities ............................................... 691 100.0 46.2 39.2 14.6

 Information ........................................................................ 379 100.0 43.4 39.8 16.8

 Financial activities ............................................................ 1,112 100.0 55.1 30.5 14.4

 Professional and business services ................................. 2,034 100.0 53.6 33.7 12.6

 Education and health services .......................................... 1,156 100.0 58.2 27.7 14.1

 Leisure and hospitality ...................................................... 1,098 100.0 51.0 35.3 13.7

 Other services .................................................................. 480 100.0 53.8 30.3 15.9

 Government wage and salary workers ................................... 550 100.0 49.5 33.4 17.1

1 Data refer to all persons (regardless of years of tenure on lost job)

who had lost or left a job between January 2007 and December 2009

because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the

abolishment of their positions or shifts. 2 Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and

persons who did not report occupation, industry, or class of worker.

 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African

American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not

presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as

Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.