Technical Information:   (202) 691-6569      USDL 06-896
                http://www.bls.gov/oes/           
                                             For release: 10:00 A.M. EDT
Media Contact:                 691-5902      Wednesday, May 24, 2006


                OCCUPATIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES, MAY 2005


   Management and legal occupations were the 2 highest paying of the 22 major
occupational groups in May 2005, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics
of the U.S. Department of Labor.  Over 30 percent of the workers in each of
these occupational groups earned more than $43.75 per hour.  (See table A.)
The major occupational group with the highest employment level in May 2005
was office and administrative support workers, followed by sales and related
workers, and food preparation and serving related workers.     

   These estimates for wage and salary workers are from the Occupational
Employment Statistics (OES) survey, a federal-state cooperative program
between BLS and State Workforce Agencies.  The OES survey provides nation-
al, state, and metropolitan area estimates of employment and wages for 22
major occupational groups and for 801 detailed occupations, as defined by
the Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system.  Table B displays
the number of detailed occupations within each major occupational group,
as well as the level and distribution of employment across the occupation-
al groups.

   The major occupational groups with the lowest average wages were food
preparation and serving related; farming, fishing, and forestry; building
and grounds cleaning and maintenance; and personal care and service.  At
least 38 percent of workers in each of these groups earned less than $8.50
per hour.
   
   Major occupational groups in which the employment was concentrated in
the middle wage ranges shown in table A (hourly wages from $13.50 to $27.24)
included business and financial operations occupations; community and social
services occupations; education, training, and library occupations; health-
care practitioner and technical occupations; construction and extraction oc-
cupations; and installation, maintenance, and repair occupations.

Employment and Wages for Detailed Occupations 

   The detailed occupations with the largest number of employees were sales
related.  Retail salespersons and cashiers accounted for about 4.3 and
3.5 million workers, respectively.  Other occupations with more than 2 million
workers were general office clerks; registered nurses; laborers and freight,
stock, and material movers, hand; combined food preparation and serving
workers,including fast food; waiters and waitresses; janitors and cleaners,
except maids and housekeeping cleaners; and customer service representatives.
Among these large occupations, registered nurses had the highest average hour-
ly earnings--$27.35.  For the other large occupations, average hourly earnings
ranged from $7.48 for combined food preparation and serving workers, including
fast food, to $14.27 for customer service representatives.  (See table 1.)


                                  - 2 -

Table A.  Distribution of workers in each major occupational group by wage range,
May 2005

(Percent distribution)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 |                           Wage range
      Major      |--------------------------------------------------------------
   occupational  |Under|$8.50 |$10.75|$13.50|$17.00|$21.50|$27.25|$34.50| Over  
      group      |$8.50|  to  |  to  |  to  |  to  |  to  |  to  |  to  |$43.74                                                  
                 |     |$10.74|$13.49|$16.99|$21.49|$27.24|$34.49|$43.74|       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Management.......|  1.0|   0.8|   2.0|   4.3|   7.8|  12.6|  15.8|  18.0|  37.8
Business and     |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  financial      |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  operations.....|  1.4|   1.8|   4.6|  10.9|  18.4|  21.6|  18.3|  12.4|  10.5
Computer and     |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  mathematical   |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      
  science........|   .4|   1.2|   2.9|   6.3|  11.4|  17.4|  21.3|  20.7|  18.2
Architecture and |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  engineering....|   .4|   1.4|   3.4|   7.1|  12.7|  19.7|  21.3|  18.8|  15.3
Life, physical,  |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  and social     |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  science .......|  1.1|   2.9|   6.5|  12.0|  16.8|  18.6|  16.7|  12.6|  13.0
Community and    |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  social         |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  services.......|  5.2|   9.6|  16.5|  21.7|  19.7|  15.0|   8.2|   3.1|   1.1
Legal............|  1.1|   2.0|   4.6|   9.4|  13.4|  14.4|  11.5|  10.9|  32.6
Education, train-|     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  ing, and li-   |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  brary..........|  9.4|   8.6|   9.7|  13.9|  18.7|  17.1|  12.1|   6.1|   4.4
Arts, design,    |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  entertainment, |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  sports, and    |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  media..........| 11.2|   9.5|  11.4|  15.2|  16.0|  13.8|   9.8|   6.6|   6.5
Healthcare       |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  practitioner   |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  and technical..|  1.8|   4.2|   7.1|  10.9|  17.3|  21.0|  16.4|   9.0|  12.3
Healthcare       |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  support........| 20.6|  30.8|  24.9|  15.1|   6.2|   1.7|    .4|    .1|     -
Protective       |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  service........| 14.4|  14.9|  14.1|  15.0|  13.8|  13.4|   8.9|   4.0|   1.4
Food preparation |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  and serving    |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  related........| 63.9|  18.8|   9.6|   4.6|   2.1|    .7|    .2|    .1|     -
Building and     |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  grounds clean- |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  ing and        |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  maintenance....| 38.1|  25.9|  17.2|  10.4|   5.7|   2.0|    .5|    .1|     -
Personal care    |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  and service....| 45.0|  23.9|  12.9|   8.0|   4.9|   2.6|   1.4|    .6|    .6
Sales and        |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  related........| 33.7|  17.1|  11.6|   9.7|   8.4|   6.8|   4.7|   3.4|   4.6
Office and       |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
administrative   |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  support........| 12.8|  18.3|  22.2|  20.6|  14.6|   8.2|   2.3|    .7|    .3
Farming, fishing,|     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  and forestry...| 52.3|  19.8|  11.3|   8.1|   4.9|   2.4|    .9|    .3|     -
Construction and |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  extraction.....|  5.3|  11.4|  16.2|  19.0|  18.4|  15.1|   9.7|   3.8|   1.2
Installation,    |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  maintenance,   |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  and repair.....|  5.7|   9.7|  14.2|  19.1|  21.3|  17.7|   8.8|   2.7|    .7
Production.......| 15.0|  18.9|  20.3|  18.8|  13.4|   8.7|   3.4|   1.0|    .3
Transportation   |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  and material   |     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
  moving.........| 22.9|  19.1|  18.4|  16.0|  12.2|   6.9|   2.5|    .9|   1.1 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  NOTE:  Dash represents or rounds to zero.

                                  - 3 -

   Specialist physicians and dentists accounted for 12 of the 14 highest-
paying detailed occupations in May 2005.  The average hourly wages for
these healthcare occupations ranged from $85.43 for surgeons to $64.27 for
general dentists.  Food preparation and serving related workers accounted
for several of the lowest-paying occupations.  The lowest-paying occupation
was fast food cooks; workers in that occupation earned $7.45 per hour.   

   Table 1 shows national cross-industry employment and wage estimates for
detailed occupations within each major occupational group.  The OES program
also provides national occupational employment and wage data by detailed
industry, and cross-industry estimates for all states, 375 metropolitan sta-
tistical areas, and 34 metropolitan divisions.  Employment and wage data for
states and metropolitan areas for May 2005 are now available on http://www.
bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcst.htm.  National data for over 300 industries are
available on http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrci.htm.  The OES survey is
based on information on over 84 million workers, collected in six semiannual
panels from a sample of 1.2 million business establishments.

   For additional information, contact the Office of Employment and Unemploy-
ment Statistics, Division of Occupational Employment Statistics, Room 2135,
2 Massachusetts Avenue, NE, Washington, DC 20212; telephone: 202-691-6569;
e-mail: oesinfo@bls.gov.

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request.  Voice phone:  202-691-5200; TDD message referral
phone number:  1-800-877-8339.


Table B.  Number of detailed occupations in each major occupational
group and group employment distribution, May 2005
--------------------------------------------------------------------
                            |   Occupations    |     Employment     
  Major occupational group  |------------------|--------------------
                            |        | Percent |           |Percent 
                            | Number | of total|   Number  |of total
----------------------------|--------|---------|-----------|--------
                            |        |         |           |        
     Total..................|   801  |  100.0  |130,307,850|  100.0 
                            |        |         |           |
Management..................|    34  |    4.2  |  5,960,560|    4.6
Business and financial      |        |         |           |        
  operations................|    30  |    3.7  |  5,410,410|    4.2 
Computer and mathematical   |        |         |           |        
  science...................|    16  |    2.0  |  2,952,740|    2.3 
Architecture and            |        |         |           |        
  engineering...............|    35  |    4.4  |  2,382,480|    1.8 
Life, physical, and social  |        |         |           |        
  science...................|    44  |    5.5  |  1,185,730|     .9 
Community and social        |        |         |           |        
  services..................|    17  |    2.1  |  1,692,950|    1.3 
Legal ......................|     9  |    1.1  |    986,740|     .8 
Education, training, and    |        |         |           |        
  library...................|    61  |    7.6  |  8,078,500|    6.2 
Arts, design, entertainment,|        |         |           |        
  sports, and media.........|    41  |    5.1  |  1,683,310|    1.3 
Healthcare practitioner and |        |         |           |        
  technical.................|    53  |    6.6  |  6,547,350|    5.0 
Healthcare support..........|    15  |    1.9  |  3,363,800|    2.6 
Protective service .........|    21  |    2.6  |  3,056,660|    2.3 
Food preparation and serving|        |         |           |        
  related...................|    18  |    2.2  | 10,797,700|    8.3 
Building and grounds        |        |         |           |        
  cleaning and maintenance..|    10  |    1.2  |  4,342,550|    3.3 
Personal care and service...|    34  |    4.2  |  3,188,850|    2.4 
Sales and related...........|    22  |    2.7  | 13,930,320|   10.7 
Office and administrative   |        |         |           |        
  support...................|    55  |    6.9  | 22,784,330|   17.5 
Farming, fishing, and       |        |         |           |        
  forestry..................|    16  |    2.0  |    443,070|     .3 
Construction and extraction.|    59  |    7.4  |  6,370,400|    4.9 
Installation, maintenance,  |        |         |           |        
  and repair................|    51  |    6.4  |  5,305,260|    4.1 
Production..................|   110  |   13.7  | 10,249,220|    7.9 
Transportation and          |        |         |           |        
  material moving ..........|    50  |    6.2  |  9,594,920|    7.4 
--------------------------------------------------------------------


                                  - 4 -

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 |                                                                             |
 |     Change in Publication Schedule of Occupational Employment Statistics    |                                                                             |
 |                                                                             |
 |     Due to budget constraints in the Occupational Employment Statistics     |
 | (OES) program, BLS will return to publishing OES data only once a year be-  |
 | ginning with this release of May 2005 estimates.  The next set of OES data  |
 | to be released will be data for May 2006, which will be released in the     |
 | spring of 2007.                                                             |           
 |                                                                             |                                                                             
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------


  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 |                                                                             |
 |            Introduction of New Metropolitan Area Definitions                |                                                                              
 |                                                                             |
 |     With the issuance of data for May 2005, the OES program has incorporated|
 | redefined metropolitan area definitions as designated by the Office of Man- |
 | agement and Budget.  OES data are available for 375 metropolitan statistical|
 | areas and 34 metropolitan divisions.  A listing of the areas and their def- |
 | initions can be found at http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcma.htm.       |                                                                 
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------          







                                  - 5 -

Technical Note


Scope of the Survey

   The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey is a semiannual
mail survey measuring occupational employment and wage rates for wage
and salary workers in nonfarm establishments in the United States.
Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands also are surveyed, but their
data are not included in this release.  OES estimates are constructed
from a sample of about 1.2 million establishments.  Forms are mailed to
approximately 200,000 establishments in May and November of each year
for a 3-year period.  The nationwide response rate for the May 2005 sur-
vey was 78.4 percent based on establishments and 73.2 percent based on
employment.  The survey included establishments sampled in the May 2005,
November 2004, May 2004, November 2003, May 2003, and November 2002 semi-
annual panels.

The occupational coding system

   The OES survey uses the Office of Management and Budget's (OMB)
occupational classification system, the Standard Occupational Clas-
sification (SOC) system.  The SOC system is the first OMB-required
occupational classification system for federal agencies.  The OES
survey categorizes workers in 1 of 801 detailed occupations.  To-
gether, these detailed occupations comprise 23 major occupational
groups, one of which--military specific occupations--is not included
in the OES survey.  The major groups are as follows:

     Management occupations
     Business and financial operations occupations
     Computer and mathematical science occupations
     Architecture and engineering occupations
     Life, physical, and social science occupations
     Community and social services occupations
     Legal occupations
     Education, training, and library occupations
     Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations
     Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations
     Healthcare support occupations
     Protective service occupations
     Food preparation and serving related occupations
     Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations
     Personal care and service occupations
     Sales and related occupations
     Office and administrative support occupations
     Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations
     Construction and extraction occupations
     Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations
     Production occupations
     Transportation and material moving occupations
     Military specific occupations (not surveyed in OES)

   For more information about the SOC system, please see the Bureau of
Labor Statistics (BLS) Web site at http://www.bls.gov/soc/home.htm.

                                  - 6 -

The industry coding system

   The OES survey uses the North American Industry Classification System
(NAICS).  For more information about NAICS, see the BLS Web site at
http://www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm.
   
   The OES survey includes establishments in NAICS sectors 11 (logging and
agricultural support activities only), 21, 22, 23, 31-33, 42, 44-45, 48-49,
51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 61, 62, 71, 72, 81 (except private households),
state government, and local government.  The U.S. Postal Service and the
executive branch of the federal government also are included.  An establish-
ment is defined as an economic unit that processes goods or provides services,
such as a factory, mine, or store.  The establishment is generally at a sin-
gle physical location and is engaged primarily in one type of economic activ-
ity.
   
   The OES survey covers all full- and part-time wage and salary workers in
nonfarm industries.  The survey does not include the self-employed owners
and partners in unincorporated firms, household workers, or unpaid family
workers.

Survey sample

   BLS funds the survey and provides the procedures and technical support,
while the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs) collect most of the data.  BLS
produces cross-industry and industry-specific estimates for the nation,
states, and metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs).  Industry-specific esti-
mates are produced at the NAICS sector, 3-digit, 4-digit, and selected 5-
digit industry levels.  BLS releases all cross-industry and national esti-
mates; the SWAs release industry-specific estimates at the state and MSA
levels.
   
   State Unemployment Insurance (UI) files provide the universe from which
the OES survey draws its sample.  Employment benchmarks are obtained from
reports submitted by employers to the UI program.  Supplemental sources are
used for rail transportation (NAICS 4821) and Guam because they do not report
to the UI program.  The OES survey sample is stratified by metropolitan and
nonmetropolitan areas and industry.  Samples selected in panels prior to May
2005 were stratified using MSA definitions based on the 1990 Metropolitan
Statistical Area standards.  Beginning with the May 2005 panel, the sample
was stratified using new MSA definitions based on the 2000 Metropolitan
Statistical Area standards.

   A census of federal government and the U.S. Postal Service is taken every
panel.  A census of state government and Hawaii's local government is taken
every November panel.  In order to provide the most occupational coverage,
larger employers are more likely to be selected than smaller employers.  The
unweighted employment of sampled establishments make up approximately 65 per-
cent of total national employment.

                                  - 7 -

Concepts
   
   Occupational employment is the estimate of total wage and salary em-
ployment in an occupation across the industries surveyed.  The OES survey
defines employment as the number of workers who can be classified as full-
or part-time employees, including workers on paid vacations or other types
of paid leave; workers on unpaid short-term absences; salaried officers,
executives, and staff members of incorporated firms; employees temporarily
assigned to other units; and employees for whom the reporting unit is their
permanent duty station regardless of whether that unit prepares their pay-
check.
   
   The OES survey form sent to establishments with more than 10 workers con-
tains between 50 and 225 SOC occupations selected on the basis of the sampled
establishment's industry classification.  To reduce paperwork and respondent
burden, no survey form contains every SOC occupation.  Thus, data for speci-
fic occupations are collected primarily from establishments in industries
that are the predominant employers of workers in those occupations.  Each
survey form is structured, however, to allow a respondent to provide detailed
occupational information for each worker at the establishment; that is, unlist-
ed occupations can be added to the survey form.  Employers with 10 or fewer
workers are sent a form with no occupations listed, and are instructed to fill
in the occupations for their workers.
   
   Wages for the OES survey are straight-time, gross pay, exclusive of
premium pay.  Base rate, cost-of-living allowances, guaranteed pay, haz-
ardous-duty pay, incentive pay including commissions and production bonuses,
tips, and on-call pay are included.  Excluded are back pay, jury duty pay,
overtime pay, severance pay, shift differentials, nonproduction bonuses,
employer cost for supplementary benefits, and tuition reimbursements.
   
   The OES survey collects wage data in 12 intervals.  Employers report the
number of employees in an occupation for each wage range.  The wage intervals
used for the May 2005 survey are as follows:

--------------------------------------------------------  
            |                              
            |                  Wages
  Interval  |-------------------------------------------
            |       Hourly      |        Annual
------------|-------------------|-----------------------
Range A     | Under $6.75       | Under $14,040
Range B     | $6.75 to $8.49    | $14,040 to $17,679
Range C     | $8.50 to $10.74   | $17,680 to $22,359
Range D     | $10.75 to $13.49  | $22,360 to $28,079
Range E     | $13.50 to $16.99  | $28,080 to $35,359
Range F     | $17.00 to $21.49  | $35,360 to $44,719
Range G     | $21.50 to $27.24  | $44,720 to $56,679
Range H     | $27.25 to $34.49  | $56,680 to $71,759
Range I     | $34.50 to $43.74  | $71,760 to $90,999
Range J     | $43.75 to $55.49  | $91,000 to $115,439
Range K     | $55.50 to $69.99  | $115,440 to $145,599
Range L     | $70.00 and over   | $145,600 and over
--------------------------------------------------------

                                  - 8 - 

   Mean hourly wage.  The mean hourly wage rate for an occupation is the
total wages that all workers in the occupation earn in an hour divided by
the total employment of the occupation.  To calculate the mean hourly wage
of each occupation, total weighted hourly wages are summed across all in-
tervals and divided by the occupation's weighted survey employment.  The
mean wage for each interval is based on occupational wage data collected
by the BLS Office of Compensation and Working Conditions for the National
Compensation Survey (NCS).
   
   The mean hourly wage value for the highest wage interval, $70.00 and
over, was computed separately for NCS data from 2004, 2003, and 2002.
The average of these mean wage rates was used for all of the $70.00 and
over data in the May 2005 survey.  The wage rates for this interval do
not go through any wage updating procedures.
   
   Percentile wage.  The p-th percentile wage range for an occupation is
the wage where p percent of all workers earn that amount or less and where
(100-p) percent of all workers earn that amount or more.  This statistic is
calculated by uniformly distributing the workers inside each wage interval,
ranking the workers from lowest paid to highest paid, and calculating the
product of the total employment for the occupation and the desired per-
centile to determine the worker that earns the p-th percentile wage rate.
   
   Annual wage.  Many employees are paid at an hourly rate by their
employers and may work more than or less than 40 hours per week.  Annual
wage estimates for most occupations in this release are calculated by
multiplying the mean hourly wage by a "year-round, full-time" figure of
2,080 hours (52 weeks by 40 hours).  Thus, annual wage estimates may not
represent the actual annual pay received by the employee if they work more
or less than 2,080 hours per year.  Some workers typically work less than
full time, year round.  For these occupations, the OES survey collects and
reports either the annual salary or the hourly wage rate, depending on how
the occupation is typically paid, but not both.  For example, teachers,
flight attendants, and pilots may be paid an annual salary, but do not work
the usual 2,080 hours per year.  In this case, an annual salary is reported.
Other workers, such as entertainment workers, are paid hourly rates, but gen-
erally do not work full time, year round.  For these workers, only an hourly
wage is reported.
   
   Hourly versus annual wage reporting.  For each occupation, respondents
are asked to report the number of employees paid within specific wage
intervals.  The intervals are defined both as hourly rates and the cor-
responding annual rates, where the annual rate for an occupation is cal-
culated by multiplying the hourly wage rate by a typical work year of
2,080 hours.  The responding establishment can reference either the hourly
or the annual rate for full-time workers, but they are instructed to report
the hourly rate for part-time workers.

                                  - 9 -

Estimation methodology

   Each OES panel includes approximately 200,000 establishments.  The
OES survey is designed to produce estimates using six panels (3 years)
of data.  The full six-panel sample of 1.2 million establishments allows
the production of estimates at detailed levels of geography, industry,
and occupation.  
   
   Wage updating.  Significant reductions in sampling errors are obtained
by combining six panels of data, particularly for small geographic areas
and occupations.  Wages for the current panel need no adjustment.  However,
wages in the five previous panels need to be updated to the current panel's
reference period.
   
   The OES program uses the BLS Employment Cost Index (ECI) to adjust survey
data from prior panels before combining them with the current panel's data.
The wage updating procedure adjusts each detailed occupation's wage rate,
as measured in the earlier panel, according to the average movement of its
broader occupational division.  The procedure assumes that there are no major
differences by geography, industry, or detailed occupation within the occupa-
tional division.
   
   Imputation.  About 20 percent of establishments do not respond for a given
panel.  A "nearest neighbor" hot deck imputation procedure is used to impute
missing occupational employment totals.  A variant of mean imputation is used
to impute missing wage distributions.  The variant of mean imputation for wage
distributions also is applied to establishments that provide reports with occu-
pational totals but partial or missing wage data.
   
   Weighting and benchmarking.  The sample establishments in each panel are
weighted to represent all establishments that were part of the in-scope frame
from which the panel was selected.  Based on the sampled establishments, sam-
pling weights are adjusted when six panels are combined.  Sampling weights
are further adjusted by the ratio of employment totals (the average of Novem-
ber 2004 and May 2005 employment) from the BLS Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages to employment totals from the OES survey.

   May 2005 OES survey estimates.  The May 2005 OES survey estimates are based
on all data collected form establishments in the May 2005, November 2004, May
2004, November 2003, May 2003, and November 2002 semiannual samples.

                                  - 10 -

   Reliability of the estimates.  Estimates calculated from a sample survey
are subject to two types of error:  sampling and nonsampling.  Sampling
error occurs when estimates are calculated from a subset (that is, a sample)
of the population instead of the full population.  When a sample of the popu-
lation is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimate of the charac-
teristic of interest may differ from the population value of that characteris-
tic.  Differences between the sample estimate and the population value will
vary depending on the sample selected.  This variability can be estimated by
calculating the standard error (SE) of the sample estimate.  If we were to
repeat the sampling and estimation process countless times using the same
survey design, approximately 90 percent of the intervals created by adding
and subtracting 1.645 SEs from the sample estimate would include the popula-
tion value.  These intervals are called 90-percent confidence intervals.  The
OES survey, however, usually uses the relative standard error (RSE) of a
sample estimate instead of its SE to measure sampling error.  RSE is defined
as the SE of a sample estimate divided by the sample estimate itself.  This
statistic provides the user with a measure of the relative precision of the
sample estimate.  RSEs are calculated for both occupational employment and
mean wage rate estimates.  Occupational employment RSEs are calculated using
a subsample, random group replication technique called the jackknife.  Mean
wage rate RSEs are calculated using a variance components model that accounts
for both the observed and unobserved components of the wage data.  The
variances of the unobserved components are estimated using wage data from the
BLS National Compensation Survey.  In general, estimates based on many estab-
lishments have lower RSEs than estimates based on few establishments.  If the
distributional assumptions of the models are violated, the resulting confi-
dence intervals may not reflect the prescribed level of confidence.
   
   Nonsampling error occurs for a variety of reasons, none of which are
directly connected to sampling.  Examples of nonsampling error include:
nonresponse, data incorrectly reported by the respondent, mistakes made
in entering collected data into the database, and mistakes made in editing
and processing the collected data.
   
   
   
   
   

Table 1.  National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2005
      
                          Occupation                                                      Employment          Mean wages        Median hourly
                                                                                                         Hourly    Annual(1)       wages

Management occupations
  Chief executives                                                                          321,300      $67.22    $139,810       $68.48
  General and operations managers                                                         1,663,810       45.90      95,470        39.17
  Legislators                                                                                61,060        (2)       31,320         (2)
  Advertising and promotions managers                                                        41,710       39.06      81,250        33.10
  Marketing managers                                                                        166,470       49.03     101,990        44.56
  Sales managers                                                                            317,970       47.36      98,510        42.11
  Public relations managers                                                                  43,770       41.26      85,820        36.75

  Administrative services managers                                                          239,410       33.44      69,540        30.78
  Computer and information systems managers                                                 259,330       49.21     102,360        46.41
  Financial managers                                                                        471,950       46.45      96,620        41.48
  Compensation and benefits managers                                                         51,470       36.68      76,300        33.23
  Training and development managers                                                          28,720       38.55      80,180        35.66
  Human resources managers, all other                                                        57,830       43.24      89,950        40.47
  Industrial production managers                                                            153,950       39.41      81,960        36.34
  Purchasing managers                                                                        69,300       39.16      81,440        36.67
  Transportation, storage, and distribution managers                                         84,870       36.12      75,130        33.23

  Farm, ranch, and other agricultural managers                                                4,070       26.81      55,760        24.60
  Farmers and ranchers                                                                          350       19.09      39,720        16.41
  Construction managers                                                                     192,610       39.31      81,760        34.74
  Education administrators, preschool and child care center/program                          47,670       20.51      42,670        17.79
  Education administrators, elementary and secondary school                                 213,250        (2)       76,890         (2)
  Education administrators, postsecondary                                                   105,360       37.78      78,590        33.82
  Education administrators, all other                                                        24,710       33.38      69,430        30.85
  Engineering managers                                                                      187,410       50.71     105,470        48.44
  Food service managers                                                                     191,420       21.60      44,930        19.87
  Funeral directors                                                                          21,960       27.04      56,240        22.90
  Gaming managers                                                                             3,310       31.69      65,920        28.82
  Lodging managers                                                                           31,040       22.80      47,420        19.53
  Medical and health services managers                                                      230,130       37.09      77,140        33.51
  Natural sciences managers                                                                  40,400       47.66      99,140        44.75
  Postmasters and mail superintendents                                                       26,120       25.83      53,740        25.34
  Property, real estate, and community association managers                                 154,230       24.31      50,570        20.14
  Social and community service managers                                                     112,910       25.92      53,920        23.80
  Managers, all other                                                                       340,720       40.16      83,530        38.06

Business and financial operations occupations
  Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes                          10,640       33.68      70,060        25.87
  Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products                                                12,970       25.47      52,970        22.44
  Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products                                         132,900       23.58      49,050        20.61
  Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products                            267,410       25.27      52,560        23.57
  Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators                                            234,030       23.66      49,210        22.21
  Insurance appraisers, auto damage                                                          12,900       23.43      48,740        23.12
  Compliance officers, except agriculture, construction, health and safety,
         and transportation                                                                 161,810       25.63      53,320        23.73
  Cost estimators                                                                           204,330       26.91      55,980        25.01
  Emergency management specialists                                                           11,240       23.90      49,720        22.10
  Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists                                        181,260       23.31      48,470        20.08
  Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists                                       97,740       24.88      51,750        23.49
  Training and development specialists                                                      206,860       23.58      49,060        22.05
  Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists, all other                     171,880       24.27      50,480        23.29
  Logisticians                                                                               52,220       30.30      63,010        28.90
  Management analysts                                                                       441,000       36.06      75,000        31.91
  Meeting and convention planners                                                            40,040       21.44      44,590        19.85
  Business operations specialists, all other                                                916,290       28.38      59,030        26.22

  Accountants and auditors                                                                1,051,220       27.89      58,020        25.10
  Appraisers and assessors of real estate                                                    63,800       23.96      49,830        20.88
  Budget analysts                                                                            53,510       29.89      62,180        28.32
  Credit analysts                                                                            61,500       27.94      58,110        24.22
  Financial analysts                                                                        180,910       35.16      73,130        30.70
  Personal financial advisors                                                               108,640       39.89      82,970        30.53
  Insurance underwriters                                                                     98,970       27.15      56,480        24.65
  Financial examiners                                                                        22,160       32.74      68,090        30.33
  Loan counselors                                                                            28,030       20.85      43,370        17.15
  Loan officers                                                                             332,690       28.53      59,350        23.77
  Tax examiners, collectors, and revenue agents                                              72,290       23.78      49,460        21.26
  Tax preparers                                                                              58,850       14.90      31,000        12.36
  Financial specialists, all other                                                          122,320       27.47      57,130        24.64

Computer and mathematical science occupations
  Computer and information scientists, research                                              25,890       45.21      94,030        43.86
  Computer programmers                                                                      389,090       32.40      67,400        30.49
  Computer software engineers, applications                                                 455,980       38.24      79,540        37.06
  Computer software engineers, systems software                                             320,720       40.54      84,310        39.48
  Computer support specialists                                                              499,860       20.86      43,380        19.52
  Computer systems analysts                                                                 492,120       33.86      70,430        32.84
  Database administrators                                                                    99,380       31.54      65,590        30.41

  Network and computer systems administrators                                               270,330       30.39      63,210        28.81
  Network systems and data communications analysts                                          185,190       31.23      64,970        29.69
  Computer specialists, all other                                                           116,760       30.38      63,190        28.57

  Actuaries                                                                                  15,770       43.63      90,760        39.25
  Mathematicians                                                                              2,930       39.02      81,150        38.90
  Operations research analysts                                                               52,530       31.70      65,940        29.90
  Statisticians                                                                              17,480       31.79      66,130        30.02
  Mathematical technicians                                                                    1,430       22.23      46,230        17.54
  Mathematical scientists, all other                                                          7,320       29.60      61,560        29.74

Architecture and engineering occupations
  Architects, except landscape and naval                                                     96,740       32.96      68,560        30.22
  Landscape architects                                                                       20,220       28.62      59,540        26.07
  Cartographers and photogrammetrists                                                        11,260       24.68      51,340        23.20
  Surveyors                                                                                  54,220       23.53      48,950        22.05

  Aerospace engineers                                                                        81,100       41.08      85,450        40.43
  Agricultural engineers                                                                      3,170       31.91      66,370        31.20
  Biomedical engineers                                                                       11,660       36.24      75,380        34.54
  Chemical engineers                                                                         27,550       38.09      79,230        37.09
  Civil engineers                                                                           229,700       33.41      69,480        31.82
  Computer hardware engineers                                                                78,580       41.91      87,170        40.59
  Electrical engineers                                                                      144,920       36.57      76,060        35.34
  Electronics engineers, except computer                                                    130,050       38.46      79,990        37.52
  Environmental engineers                                                                    50,140       34.00      70,720        32.74
  Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors                 25,330       32.33      67,240        31.35
  Industrial engineers                                                                      191,640       32.93      68,500        32.05
  Marine engineers and naval architects                                                       6,550       35.73      74,320        35.06
  Materials engineers                                                                        20,950       34.32      71,390        33.49
  Mechanical engineers                                                                      220,750       33.65      70,000        32.49
  Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers                          5,680       36.09      75,070        33.69
  Nuclear engineers                                                                          14,290       43.60      90,690        42.45
  Petroleum engineers                                                                        14,860       46.80      97,350        44.71
  Engineers, all other                                                                      152,940       37.29      77,570        37.09

  Architectural and civil drafters                                                          101,040       20.24      42,110        19.42
  Electrical and electronics drafters                                                        30,270       23.27      48,410        21.90
  Mechanical drafters                                                                        74,650       21.87      45,490        20.84
  Drafters, all other                                                                        20,870       21.84      45,420        20.34
  Aerospace engineering and operations technicians                                            9,950       26.31      54,720        25.22
  Civil engineering technicians                                                              90,390       19.61      40,780        18.85
  Electrical and electronic engineering technicians                                         165,850       23.42      48,710        23.10
  Electro-mechanical technicians                                                             15,130       21.96      45,670        21.10
  Environmental engineering technicians                                                      19,900       20.16      41,940        19.14
  Industrial engineering technicians                                                         73,310       23.67      49,220        21.77
  Mechanical engineering technicians                                                         46,580       22.37      46,520        21.55
  Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other                                        78,300       25.19      52,400        25.25
  Surveying and mapping technicians                                                          63,910       16.05      33,390        15.04

Life, physical, and social science occupations
  Animal scientists                                                                           3,000       22.88      47,600        20.76
  Food scientists and technologists                                                           7,570       27.33      56,840        24.73
  Soil and plant scientists                                                                  10,100       27.90      58,040        26.22
  Biochemists and biophysicists                                                              17,690       36.21      75,320        34.14
  Microbiologists                                                                            15,250       30.46      63,360        27.34
  Zoologists and wildlife biologists                                                         16,440       26.58      55,280        25.02
  Biological scientists, all other                                                           26,200       30.61      63,670        28.94
  Conservation scientists                                                                    15,540       26.27      54,640        25.65
  Foresters                                                                                  10,750       24.53      51,030        23.40
  Epidemiologists                                                                             3,630       27.09      56,340        25.08
  Medical scientists, except epidemiologists                                                 73,670       33.24      69,140        29.68
  Life scientists, all other                                                                 12,790       31.04      64,570        27.10

  Astronomers                                                                                   970       48.73     101,360        50.32
  Physicists                                                                                 15,160       43.98      91,480        43.18
  Atmospheric and space scientists                                                            7,050       35.11      73,020        35.55
  Chemists                                                                                   76,540       30.51      63,470        27.83
  Materials scientists                                                                        7,880       35.74      74,350        34.35
  Environmental scientists and specialists, including health                                 72,000       27.63      57,470        25.30
  Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers                                         27,430       38.46      79,990        34.44
  Hydrologists                                                                                8,360       32.33      67,260        30.68
  Physical scientists, all other                                                             23,800       40.57      84,380        40.05

  Economists                                                                                 12,470       38.90      80,900        35.43
  Market research analysts                                                                  195,710       30.95      64,370        27.55
  Survey researchers                                                                         21,650       18.13      37,710        14.97
  Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists                                             98,820       30.75      63,960        27.49
  Industrial-organizational psychologists                                                     1,070       43.26      89,980        40.72
  Psychologists, all other                                                                    6,750       35.70      74,250        35.70

  Sociologists                                                                                3,500       29.66      61,700        25.37
  Urban and regional planners                                                                31,650       27.70      57,620        26.53
  Anthropologists and archeologists                                                           4,790       24.07      50,060        22.07
  Geographers                                                                                   810       31.07      64,620        30.56
  Historians                                                                                  2,850       23.86      49,620        21.35
  Political scientists                                                                        5,010       40.78      84,820        40.43
  Social scientists and related workers, all other                                           31,900       31.27      65,040        30.12

  Agricultural and food science technicians                                                  19,340       15.99      33,260        15.08
  Biological technicians                                                                     67,080       17.54      36,480        16.47
  Chemical technicians                                                                       59,790       19.29      40,120        18.51
  Geological and petroleum technicians                                                       11,130       23.82      49,550        21.03
  Nuclear technicians                                                                         6,050       28.77      59,840        29.39
  Social science research assistants                                                         16,320       17.29      35,960        16.32
  Environmental science and protection technicians, including health                         32,460       18.52      38,520        17.43
  Forensic science technicians                                                               11,030       22.79      47,390        21.44
  Forest and conservation technicians                                                        29,940       15.13      31,480        13.72
  Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other                                  63,810       21.72      45,180        19.25

Community and social services occupations
  Substance abuse and behavioral disorder counselors                                         72,210       16.73      34,800        15.66
  Educational, vocational, and school counselors                                            214,160       23.33      48,530        22.33
  Marriage and family therapists                                                             18,500       21.90      45,550        20.34
  Mental health counselors                                                                   87,220       18.01      37,470        16.35
  Rehabilitation counselors                                                                 117,230       15.07      31,350        13.62
  Counselors, all other                                                                      21,390       19.01      39,540        17.91
  Child, family, and school social workers                                                  256,430       18.65      38,780        17.00
  Medical and public health social workers                                                  112,220       20.52      42,690        19.77
  Mental health and substance abuse social workers                                          120,140       17.75      36,920        16.54
  Social workers, all other                                                                  60,940       20.54      42,720        19.85
  Health educators                                                                           51,970       20.89      43,440        19.10
  Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists                                  90,600       20.92      43,510        19.33
  Social and human service assistants                                                       313,210       12.79      26,600        12.03
  Community and social service specialists, all other                                        99,860       16.85      35,060        15.83
  Clergy                                                                                     36,590       20.05      41,700        18.53
  Directors, religious activities and education                                              13,610       17.09      35,540        15.64
  Religious workers, all other                                                                6,670       13.48      28,050        11.43

Legal occupations
  Lawyers                                                                                   529,190       53.13     110,520        47.56
  Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers                              15,350       36.89      76,730        33.98
  Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators                                                    5,780       28.78      59,870        26.14
  Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates                                                 25,330       43.99      91,500        46.91
  Paralegals and legal assistants                                                           217,700       20.92      43,510        19.79
  Court reporters                                                                            17,130       21.84      45,420        20.02
  Law clerks                                                                                 40,620       17.78      36,980        17.12
  Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers                                                64,580       19.26      40,070        16.88
  Legal support workers, all other                                                           71,060       22.54      46,890        21.06

Education, training, and library occupations
  Business teachers, postsecondary                                                           67,420        (2)       67,500         (2)
  Computer science teachers, postsecondary                                                   38,520        (2)       60,330         (2)
  Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary                                               44,660        (2)       58,850         (2)
  Architecture teachers, postsecondary                                                        6,110        (2)       65,740         (2)
  Engineering teachers, postsecondary                                                        34,500        (2)       78,780         (2)
  Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary                                              11,460        (2)       73,680         (2)
  Biological science teachers, postsecondary                                                 59,540        (2)       77,690         (2)
  Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary                                   2,990        (2)       67,550         (2)
  Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary                      8,810        (2)       70,960         (2)
  Chemistry teachers, postsecondary                                                          19,520        (2)       65,400         (2)
  Environmental science teachers, postsecondary                                               4,340        (2)       66,020         (2)
  Physics teachers, postsecondary                                                            13,310        (2)       71,020         (2)

  Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary                                         5,320        (2)       66,700         (2)
  Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary                                  7,970        (2)       62,480         (2)
  Economics teachers, postsecondary                                                          12,670        (2)       74,600         (2)
  Geography teachers, postsecondary                                                           4,250        (2)       61,790         (2)
  Political science teachers, postsecondary                                                  13,710        (2)       65,760         (2)
  Psychology teachers, postsecondary                                                         30,240        (2)       61,980         (2)
  Sociology teachers, postsecondary                                                          14,980        (2)       59,030         (2)
  Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other                                          6,330        (2)       66,060         (2)
  Health specialties teachers, postsecondary                                                108,680        (2)       82,450         (2)
  Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary                                            37,020        (2)       56,840         (2)
  Education teachers, postsecondary                                                          51,320        (2)       54,790         (2)
  Library science teachers, postsecondary                                                     3,960        (2)       56,630         (2)

  Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary                                9,880        (2)       52,930         (2)
  Law teachers, postsecondary                                                                13,560        (2)       95,570         (2)
  Social work teachers, postsecondary                                                         7,440        (2)       56,520         (2)
  Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary                                              69,260        (2)       55,340         (2)

  Communications teachers, postsecondary                                                     22,320        (2)       54,010         (2)
  English language and literature teachers, postsecondary                                    58,710        (2)       53,950         (2)
  Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary                                    23,830        (2)       53,400         (2)
  History teachers, postsecondary                                                            20,520        (2)       59,450         (2)
  Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary                                            18,340        (2)       57,960         (2)
  Graduate teaching assistants                                                              117,970        (2)       29,170         (2)
  Home economics teachers, postsecondary                                                      4,010        (2)       51,760         (2)
  Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary                                     16,530        (2)       48,960         (2)
  Vocational education teachers, postsecondary                                              105,980       21.69      45,110        20.07
  Postsecondary teachers, all other                                                         267,280        (2)       67,540         (2)

  Preschool teachers, except special education                                              348,690       12.09      25,150        10.57
  Kindergarten teachers, except special education                                           171,290        (2)       45,250         (2)
  Elementary school teachers, except special education                                    1,486,650        (2)       46,990         (2)
  Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education                           637,340        (2)       47,890         (2)
  Vocational education teachers, middle school                                               15,380        (2)       46,080         (2)
  Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education                      1,015,740        (2)       49,400         (2)
  Vocational education teachers, secondary school                                            96,600        (2)       49,240         (2)
  Special education teachers, preschool, kindergarten, and elementary school                214,060        (2)       47,820         (2)
  Special education teachers, middle school                                                 103,480        (2)       50,340         (2)
  Special education teachers, secondary school                                              136,290        (2)       50,880         (2)
  Adult literacy, remedial education, and GED teachers and instructors                       66,070       21.21      44,110        19.84
  Self-enrichment education teachers                                                        141,650       17.68      36,760        15.56
  Teachers and instructors, all other                                                       530,670        (2)       33,510         (2)

  Archivists                                                                                  5,410       19.64      40,850        17.99
  Curators                                                                                    8,790       23.64      49,180        21.75
  Museum technicians and conservators                                                         9,370       17.94      37,320        16.39
  Librarians                                                                                146,740       23.61      49,110        22.79
  Library technicians                                                                       115,770       12.95      26,940        12.33
  Audio-visual collections specialists                                                        6,910       19.76      41,100        19.36
  Farm and home management advisors                                                          12,620       22.05      45,860        20.14
  Instructional coordinators                                                                112,880       25.66      53,360        24.24
  Teacher assistants                                                                      1,260,400        (2)       21,100         (2)
  Education, training, and library workers, all other                                        72,450       16.33      33,970        14.37

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations
  Art directors                                                                              29,350       35.48      73,790        30.75
  Craft artists                                                                               4,300       13.15      27,360        10.78
  Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators                              10,390       22.44      46,670        19.85
  Multi-media artists and animators                                                          23,790       27.53      57,270        24.18
  Artists and related workers, all other                                                      5,290       17.73      36,880        15.01
  Commercial and industrial designers                                                        31,650       27.30      56,780        25.10
  Fashion designers                                                                          12,980       32.39      67,370        29.26
  Floral designers                                                                           63,920       10.77      22,410        10.12
  Graphic designers                                                                         178,530       20.45      42,530        18.46
  Interior designers                                                                         50,020       22.60      47,010        19.88
  Merchandise displayers and window trimmers                                                 64,320       12.10      25,170        10.86
  Set and exhibit designers                                                                   8,380       20.15      41,920        17.98
  Designers, all other                                                                       12,410       22.99      47,810        20.96

  Actors                                                                                     59,590       23.73        (2)         13.60
  Producers and directors                                                                    59,070       33.16      68,970        25.89
  Athletes and sports competitors                                                            12,230        (2)       71,900         (2)
  Coaches and scouts                                                                        145,440        (2)       32,050         (2)
  Umpires, referees, and other sports officials                                              12,800        (2)       27,150         (2)
  Dancers                                                                                    16,240       13.22        (2)          8.92
  Choreographers                                                                             16,150       18.26      37,970        15.84
  Music directors and composers                                                               8,610       20.90      43,470        16.74
  Musicians and singers                                                                      50,410       25.16        (2)         17.90
  Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other                         68,540       17.92        (2)         15.73

  Radio and television announcers                                                            41,090       17.11      35,600        11.60
  Public address system and other announcers                                                  8,150       14.98      31,160        11.20
  Broadcast news analysts                                                                     6,680       30.73      63,920        20.58
  Reporters and correspondents                                                               52,920       19.41      40,370        15.52
  Public relations specialists                                                              191,430       24.56      51,080        21.64
  Editors                                                                                    96,270       24.88      51,750        21.88
  Technical writers                                                                          46,250       27.75      57,720        26.52
  Writers and authors                                                                        43,020       25.89      53,850        22.32
  Interpreters and translators                                                               29,240       18.41      38,300        16.73
  Media and communication workers, all other                                                 25,660       22.13      46,030        20.14

  Audio and video equipment technicians                                                      40,390       17.48      36,350        15.84
  Broadcast technicians                                                                      30,730       17.00      35,350        14.62
  Radio operators                                                                             1,190       18.21      37,880        17.42
  Sound engineering technicians                                                              12,680       22.98      47,790        18.46
  Photographers                                                                              58,260       15.10      31,410        12.55
  Camera operators, television, video, and motion picture                                    22,530       22.13      46,040        20.01
  Film and video editors                                                                     15,200       26.31      54,730        22.56

  Media and communication equipment workers, all other                                       17,200       24.81      51,610        22.95

Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations
  Chiropractors                                                                              24,290       39.45      82,060        32.31
  Dentists, general                                                                          86,270       64.27     133,680        60.24
  Oral and maxillofacial surgeons                                                             5,120       77.24     160,660         (3)
  Orthodontists                                                                               4,820       78.56     163,410         (3)
  Prosthodontists                                                                               560       70.23     146,080         (3)
  Dentists, all other specialists                                                             3,480       55.60     115,640        45.48
  Dietitians and nutritionists                                                               48,850       22.09      45,950        21.61
  Optometrists                                                                               23,720       45.91      95,500        42.33
  Pharmacists                                                                               229,740       42.62      88,650        43.18

  Anesthesiologists                                                                          27,970       83.77     174,240         (3)
  Family and general practitioners                                                          112,150       67.49     140,370        67.50
  Internists, general                                                                        48,210       75.27     156,550         (3)
  Obstetricians and gynecologists                                                            21,910       82.60     171,810         (3)
  Pediatricians, general                                                                     26,400       66.94     139,230        65.67
  Psychiatrists                                                                              23,450       70.26     146,150         (3)
  Surgeons                                                                                   52,930       85.43     177,690         (3)
  Physicians and surgeons, all other                                                        180,210       66.79     138,910        68.98

  Physician assistants                                                                       63,350       34.17      71,070        34.63
  Podiatrists                                                                                 8,290       53.49     111,250        48.34
  Registered nurses                                                                       2,368,070       27.35      56,880        26.28
  Audiologists                                                                               10,330       27.72      57,660        25.72
  Occupational therapists                                                                    87,430       28.41      59,100        27.34

  Physical therapists                                                                       151,280       31.42      65,350        30.33
  Radiation therapists                                                                       14,120       30.59      63,620        29.97
  Recreational therapists                                                                    23,260       16.90      35,150        16.10
  Respiratory therapists                                                                     95,320       22.24      46,270        21.70
  Speech-language pathologists                                                               94,660       27.89      58,000        26.38
  Therapists, all other                                                                       9,730       21.96      45,680        20.22
  Veterinarians                                                                              47,870       37.36      77,710        33.13
  Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other                                    57,880       42.13      87,630        27.64

  Medical and clinical laboratory technologists                                             155,250       23.37      48,600        22.94
  Medical and clinical laboratory technicians                                               142,330       15.95      33,170        15.24
  Dental hygienists                                                                         161,140       29.15      60,620        29.28
  Cardiovascular technologists and technicians                                               43,560       19.99      41,580        19.43
  Diagnostic medical sonographers                                                            43,590       26.65      55,430        26.14
  Nuclear medicine technologists                                                             18,280       29.10      60,530        28.69
  Radiologic technologists and technicians                                                  184,580       22.60      47,010        22.09
  Emergency medical technicians and paramedics                                              196,880       13.68      28,440        12.54

  Dietetic technicians                                                                       23,780       12.20      25,380        11.28
  Pharmacy technicians                                                                      266,790       12.19      25,350        11.73
  Psychiatric technicians                                                                    62,040       14.04      29,210        12.87
  Respiratory therapy technicians                                                            22,060       18.57      38,620        18.37
  Surgical technologists                                                                     83,680       17.27      35,920        16.75
  Veterinary technologists and technicians                                                   63,860       12.84      26,710        12.34
  Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses                                         710,020       17.41      36,210        16.94
  Medical records and health information technicians                                        160,450       13.81      28,720        12.83
  Opticians, dispensing                                                                      70,090       14.80      30,770        13.94
  Orthotists and prosthetists                                                                 5,190       28.87      60,050        25.85
  Health technologists and technicians, all other                                            71,140       18.04      37,520        16.49
  Occupational health and safety specialists                                                 35,460       26.83      55,800        25.82
  Occupational health and safety technicians                                                  9,510       22.17      46,120        20.75
  Athletic trainers                                                                          15,110        (2)       36,520         (2)
  Healthcare practitioners and technical workers, all other                                  50,880       19.03      39,590        16.12

Healthcare support occupations
  Home health aides                                                                         663,280        9.34      19,420         9.04
  Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants                                                1,391,430       10.67      22,200        10.31
  Psychiatric aides                                                                          56,150       11.47      23,860        11.02
  Occupational therapist assistants                                                          22,160       19.13      39,800        19.11
  Occupational therapist aides                                                                6,220       13.20      27,450        11.69
  Physical therapist assistants                                                              58,670       18.98      39,490        18.98
  Physical therapist aides                                                                   41,930       11.01      22,900        10.34
  Massage therapists                                                                         37,670       19.33      40,210        15.81
  Dental assistants                                                                         270,720       14.41      29,970        14.19
  Medical assistants                                                                        382,720       12.58      26,160        12.19
  Medical equipment preparers                                                                41,790       12.42      25,830        11.96
  Medical transcriptionists                                                                  90,380       14.36      29,880        13.98
  Pharmacy aides                                                                             46,610        9.76      20,310         9.09
  Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers                                     69,890        9.90      20,590         9.43
  Healthcare support workers, all other                                                     184,200       13.05      27,150        12.51

Protective service occupations
  First-line supervisors/managers of correctional officers                                   37,530       24.37      50,700        23.35
  First-line supervisors/managers of police and detectives                                   91,320       32.33      67,240        31.52
  First-line supervisors/managers of fire fighting and prevention workers                    53,490       30.06      62,510        29.25
  First-line supervisors/managers, protective service workers, all other                     49,330       21.95      45,650        19.78

  Fire fighters                                                                             282,180       19.43      40,420        18.80
  Fire inspectors and investigators                                                          12,820       23.44      48,760        22.64
  Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists                                           1,720       18.44      38,360        16.48

  Bailiffs                                                                                   17,160       16.90      35,160        16.25
  Correctional officers and jailers                                                         411,080       17.60      36,600        16.39
  Detectives and criminal investigators                                                      85,270       28.24      58,750        26.82
  Fish and game wardens                                                                       6,300       20.85      43,360        20.60
  Parking enforcement workers                                                                10,140       14.72      30,620        13.98
  Police and sheriff's patrol officers                                                      624,130       22.73      47,270        22.25
  Transit and railroad police                                                                 5,090       24.20      50,330        23.49

  Animal control workers                                                                     13,940       13.50      28,090        12.87
  Private detectives and investigators                                                       33,720       17.78      36,980        15.70
  Gaming surveillance officers and gaming investigators                                       8,730       13.82      28,740        12.44
  Security guards                                                                           994,220       10.91      22,690         9.98
  Crossing guards                                                                            69,390       10.21      21,230         9.64
  Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers                 107,620        8.67      18,020         8.13
  Protective service workers, all other                                                     141,480       15.90      33,070        14.77

Food preparation and serving related occupations
  Chefs and head cooks                                                                      115,850       17.23      35,840        15.54
  First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers                   748,550       13.44      27,960        12.53
  Cooks, fast food                                                                          631,190        7.45      15,500         7.25
  Cooks, institution and cafeteria                                                          393,500        9.88      20,550         9.44
  Cooks, private household                                                                      830       11.18      23,250        10.01
  Cooks, restaurant                                                                         791,450        9.86      20,510         9.54
  Cooks, short order                                                                        203,350        8.64      17,980         8.28
  Cooks, all other                                                                           12,100       11.40      23,720        10.48
  Food preparation workers                                                                  880,360        8.68      18,060         8.19

  Bartenders                                                                                480,010        8.48      17,640         7.62
  Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food                      2,298,010        7.48      15,550         7.11
  Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop                           501,390        7.88      16,380         7.60
  Waiters and waitresses                                                                  2,274,770        7.84      16,310         6.83
  Food servers, nonrestaurant                                                               188,750        8.98      18,680         8.28
  Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers                                391,320        7.59      15,800         7.23
  Dishwashers                                                                               498,620        7.58      15,760         7.45
  Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop                                  328,930        7.90      16,430         7.62
  Food preparation and serving related workers, all other                                    58,730        9.14      19,000         8.38

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations
  First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers                    186,870       15.66      32,570        14.58
  First-line supervisors/managers of landscaping, lawn service, and
         groundskeeping workers                                                             106,280       18.82      39,150        17.46
  Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners                           2,107,360       10.15      21,120         9.32
  Maids and housekeeping cleaners                                                           893,820        8.74      18,180         8.21
  Building cleaning workers, all other                                                       15,610       12.99      27,020        11.25
  Pest control workers                                                                       62,400       13.89      28,880        13.06
  Landscaping and groundskeeping workers                                                    896,690       10.74      22,350         9.94
  Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation                                  25,770       13.22      27,500        12.56
  Tree trimmers and pruners                                                                  29,790       14.35      29,850        13.42
  Grounds maintenance workers, all other                                                     17,960       11.78      24,510        10.04

Personal care and service occupations
  Gaming supervisors                                                                         24,180       19.87      41,320        19.38
  Slot key persons                                                                           14,700       11.65      24,230        10.64
  First-line supervisors/managers of personal service workers                               125,760       16.53      34,390        15.09
  Animal trainers                                                                             8,320       14.19      29,510        11.92
  Nonfarm animal caretakers                                                                 100,550        9.64      20,050         8.52

  Gaming dealers                                                                             82,320        7.71      16,040         6.85
  Gaming and sports book writers and runners                                                 19,290        9.58      19,930         8.87
  Gaming service workers, all other                                                          16,070       11.53      23,980        10.37
  Motion picture projectionists                                                              10,230        9.30      19,340         8.07
  Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers                                               102,330        8.05      16,740         7.41
  Amusement and recreation attendants                                                       232,030        8.15      16,950         7.65
  Costume attendants                                                                          3,900       13.94      28,990        12.19
  Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants                                        20,340        9.02      18,760         8.63

  Embalmers                                                                                   9,840       19.01      39,550        17.77
  Funeral attendants                                                                         30,220       10.39      21,600         9.48
  Barbers                                                                                    13,630       11.88      24,700        10.46

  Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists                                            338,910       11.36      23,640         9.91
  Makeup artists, theatrical and performance                                                  1,070       15.70      32,660        11.29
  Manicurists and pedicurists                                                                42,960        9.81      20,400         8.79
  Shampooers                                                                                 16,040        7.85      16,320         7.49
  Skin care specialists                                                                      22,740       12.90      26,830        11.22

  Baggage porters and bellhops                                                               51,300       10.03      20,870         8.46
  Concierges                                                                                 16,810       12.08      25,130        11.30
  Tour guides and escorts                                                                    28,320       10.42      21,670         9.61
  Travel guides                                                                               3,120       15.03      31,270        14.06
  Flight attendants                                                                          99,590        (2)       53,740         (2)
  Transportation attendants, except flight attendants and baggage porters                    24,810        9.88      20,550         9.28

  Child care workers                                                                        557,680        8.74      18,180         8.20
  Personal and home care aides                                                              566,860        8.52      17,710         8.34
  Fitness trainers and aerobics instructors                                                 189,220       14.93      31,060        12.43
  Recreation workers                                                                        264,840       10.78      22,420         9.67
  Residential advisors                                                                       50,490       11.39      23,690        10.51
  Personal care and service workers, all other                                                 (4)        10.20      21,210         8.91

Sales and related occupations
  First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers                                 1,083,890       18.08      37,600        15.79
  First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers                               294,010       35.42      73,670        29.79
  Cashiers                                                                                3,481,420        8.32      17,300         7.82
  Gaming change persons and booth cashiers                                                   28,590        9.92      20,630         9.64

  Counter and rental clerks                                                                 473,090       10.83      22,530         9.12
  Parts salespersons                                                                        235,190       13.94      28,990        12.72
  Retail salespersons                                                                     4,344,770       11.14      23,170         9.20

  Advertising sales agents                                                                  153,890       24.23      50,400        20.08
  Insurance sales agents                                                                    299,470       27.38      56,960        20.36
  Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents                              251,710       42.30      87,990        32.28
  Travel agents                                                                              88,590       14.78      30,750        13.78
  Sales representatives, services, all other                                                439,450       26.07      54,230        22.50
  Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific
         products                                                                           379,890       33.14      68,940        29.21
  Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical
         and scientific products                                                          1,436,800       26.90      55,940        22.78

  Demonstrators and product promoters                                                        86,050       11.81      24,570         9.96
  Models                                                                                      1,430       13.26      27,570        10.92
  Real estate brokers                                                                        41,760       36.98      76,930        27.49
  Real estate sales agents                                                                  150,200       25.04      52,090        18.87
  Sales engineers                                                                            69,790       38.16      79,370        35.68
  Telemarketers                                                                             400,860       11.30      23,500         9.79
  Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers                   10,970       12.19      25,350         9.83
  Sales and related workers, all other                                                      178,480       19.05      39,610        15.77

Office and administrative support occupations
  First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers            1,352,130       21.89      45,540        20.38
  Switchboard operators, including answering service                                        194,980       11.07      23,020        10.61
  Telephone operators                                                                        29,290       14.92      31,030        15.09
  Communications equipment operators, all other                                               3,870       16.36      34,030        15.64

  Bill and account collectors                                                               431,280       14.36      29,860        13.54
  Billing and posting clerks and machine operators                                          513,020       13.87      28,860        13.36
  Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks                                            1,815,340       14.76      30,700        14.18
  Gaming cage workers                                                                        18,730       11.28      23,460        10.76
  Payroll and timekeeping clerks                                                            205,600       15.44      32,120        15.08
  Procurement clerks                                                                         71,390       15.64      32,530        15.49
  Tellers                                                                                   599,220       10.59      22,020        10.24

  Brokerage clerks                                                                           70,110       18.34      38,140        17.04
  Correspondence clerks                                                                      17,990       14.51      30,180        13.66
  Court, municipal, and license clerks                                                      102,060       15.02      31,230        14.09
  Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks                                                   65,410       14.90      30,990        14.10
  Customer service representatives                                                        2,067,700       14.27      29,680        13.22
  Eligibility interviewers, government programs                                              85,550       16.53      34,390        16.22
  File clerks                                                                               229,830       10.98      22,840        10.30
  Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks                                                      207,190        9.05      18,820         8.56

  Interviewers, except eligibility and loan                                                 201,790       12.54      26,070        12.07
  Library assistants, clerical                                                              104,650       10.76      22,380        10.16
  Loan interviewers and clerks                                                              231,700       15.33      31,880        14.52
  New accounts clerks                                                                        82,450       13.69      28,460        13.18
  Order clerks                                                                              259,760       13.18      27,410        12.30
  Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping                                161,870       16.24      33,790        15.74
  Receptionists and information clerks                                                    1,088,400       11.12      23,120        10.65

  Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks                            160,120       14.45      30,050        13.52
  All other information and record clerks                                                   288,730       19.10      39,720        16.16

  Cargo and freight agents                                                                   78,730       17.97      37,380        17.24
  Couriers and messengers                                                                   106,520       10.80      22,460        10.03
  Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers                                                    94,060       15.03      31,270        14.45
  Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance                                           172,550       16.15      33,590        15.09
  Meter readers, utilities                                                                   46,920       14.92      31,030        14.09
  Postal service clerks                                                                      78,710       22.51      46,820        23.23
  Postal service mail carriers                                                              347,180       21.38      44,460        22.27
  Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators                 208,600       20.01      41,620        20.88
  Production, planning, and expediting clerks                                               287,980       18.71      38,920        18.07
  Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks                                                   759,910       12.80      26,620        12.10
  Stock clerks and order fillers                                                          1,625,430       10.60      22,060         9.66
  Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping                                 79,050       12.99      27,030        12.17

  Executive secretaries and administrative assistants                                     1,442,040       18.18      37,810        17.29
  Legal secretaries                                                                         265,000       18.78      39,070        18.15
  Medical secretaries                                                                       381,020       13.65      28,390        13.13
  Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive                                       1,744,380       13.35      27,780        12.82

  Computer operators                                                                        129,160       16.15      33,580        15.42
  Data entry keyers                                                                         296,700       11.98      24,910        11.45
  Word processors and typists                                                               153,580       14.49      30,140        13.95
  Desktop publishers                                                                         29,910       16.72      34,770        15.77
  Insurance claims and policy processing clerks                                             239,120       15.24      31,700        14.49
  Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service                             148,330       11.59      24,120        10.99
  Office clerks, general                                                                  2,997,370       11.82      24,580        11.09
  Office machine operators, except computer                                                  87,900       12.24      25,460        11.53
  Proofreaders and copy markers                                                              18,070       13.30      27,660        12.30
  Statistical assistants                                                                     18,700       15.04      31,270        13.92
  Office and administrative support workers, all other                                      287,270       13.50      28,070        12.52

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations
  First-line supervisors/managers of farming, fishing, and forestry workers                  19,750       18.65      38,790        17.32
  Farm labor contractors                                                                      2,310       12.14      25,240         9.52
  Agricultural inspectors                                                                    11,730       16.75      34,840        15.79
  Animal breeders                                                                             1,860       15.23      31,690        12.90
  Graders and sorters, agricultural products                                                 45,010        8.74      18,170         8.06
  Agricultural equipment operators                                                           19,940       10.06      20,930         9.36
  Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse                                   227,750        8.35      17,370         7.91
  Farmworkers, farm and ranch animals                                                        49,740        9.56      19,890         8.76
  Agricultural workers, all other                                                             8,970       11.60      24,140        10.61
  Fishers and related fishing workers                                                           770       13.94      29,000        12.08
  Forest and conservation workers                                                             8,700       11.19      23,280         9.46
  Fallers                                                                                     9,780       15.26      31,740        13.64
  Logging equipment operators                                                                26,880       14.28      29,700        13.91
  Log graders and scalers                                                                     4,520       14.21      29,550        13.31
  Logging workers, all other                                                                  5,330       15.04      31,290        15.24

Construction and extraction occupations
  First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers             555,380       26.79      55,720        24.98
  Boilermakers                                                                               17,760       23.62      49,130        23.10
  Brickmasons and blockmasons                                                               115,950       20.60      42,850        20.13
  Stonemasons                                                                                17,030       17.53      36,450        16.66
  Carpenters                                                                                935,920       18.62      38,720        17.11
  Carpet installers                                                                          37,050       17.84      37,100        16.13
  Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles                                          14,520       17.92      37,270        15.87
  Floor sanders and finishers                                                                 5,950       14.34      29,830        13.14
  Tile and marble setters                                                                    47,410       18.81      39,130        17.56
  Cement masons and concrete finishers                                                      204,720       16.64      34,610        15.40
  Terrazzo workers and finishers                                                              5,440       16.69      34,720        15.40
  Construction laborers                                                                     934,000       13.97      29,050        12.22
  Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators                                         63,220       15.93      33,140        14.58
  Pile-driver operators                                                                       4,410       24.27      50,490        23.51
  Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators                            378,720       18.85      39,210        17.23
  Drywall and ceiling tile installers                                                       126,810       18.07      37,580        16.70
  Tapers                                                                                     38,570       19.91      41,410        19.17

  Electricians                                                                              606,500       21.94      45,630        20.57
  Glaziers                                                                                   49,310       17.75      36,920        16.12
  Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall                                               34,250       16.59      34,510        15.08
  Insulation workers, mechanical                                                             22,100       19.16      39,840        17.07
  Painters, construction and maintenance                                                    249,850       16.08      33,450        14.81
  Paperhangers                                                                                7,710       17.65      36,720        16.08
  Pipelayers                                                                                 56,280       15.53      32,290        13.83
  Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters                                                   420,770       21.56      44,850        20.27
  Plasterers and stucco masons                                                               47,760       17.40      36,200        16.08
  Reinforcing iron and rebar workers                                                         30,270       19.32      40,190        16.78
  Roofers                                                                                   120,070       16.14      33,570        15.01

  Sheet metal workers                                                                       174,550       19.03      39,570        17.50
  Structural iron and steel workers                                                          68,900       20.93      43,540        19.51

  Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters                58,690       13.14      27,340        11.83
  Helpers--carpenters                                                                       101,870       11.11      23,100        10.57
  Helpers--electricians                                                                      90,370       11.86      24,670        11.17
  Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons                             21,820       10.61      22,070         9.88
  Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters                               77,630       11.84      24,630        10.97
  Helpers--roofers                                                                           20,510       10.41      21,660         9.97
  Helpers, construction trades, all other                                                    37,590       11.55      24,020        10.40

  Construction and building inspectors                                                       87,820       22.51      46,830        21.50
  Elevator installers and repairers                                                          21,000       28.12      58,500        28.46
  Fence erectors                                                                             22,600       12.74      26,490        11.99
  Hazardous materials removal workers                                                        38,260       17.90      37,240        16.20
  Highway maintenance workers                                                               140,600       14.88      30,950        14.54
  Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators                                      13,510       18.81      39,120        19.23
  Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners                                              17,940       15.38      31,980        14.64
  Segmental pavers                                                                              330       12.82      26,670        12.02
  Construction and related workers, all other                                                63,340       15.50      32,230        14.36

  Derrick operators, oil and gas                                                             13,270       17.16      35,690        16.29
  Rotary drill operators, oil and gas                                                        15,500       19.18      39,880        18.03
  Service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining                                               19,530       16.61      34,560        14.74
  Earth drillers, except oil and gas                                                         18,800       17.20      35,770        16.23
  Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters                                 4,800       19.33      40,210        18.65
  Continuous mining machine operators                                                         9,000       18.67      38,830        18.80
  Mine cutting and channeling machine operators                                               6,080       18.12      37,680        18.64
  Mining machine operators, all other                                                         2,450       18.26      37,970        17.37
  Rock splitters, quarry                                                                      3,600       13.56      28,200        13.10
  Roof bolters, mining                                                                        4,140       18.84      39,180        18.91
  Roustabouts, oil and gas                                                                   33,570       12.71      26,430        11.96
  Helpers--extraction workers                                                                25,550       13.76      28,620        13.19
  Extraction workers, all other                                                               9,060       17.32      36,010        16.35

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations
  First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers                   455,690       26.15      54,390        24.99
  Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers                                  138,210       18.10      37,640        17.34
  Radio mechanics                                                                             6,170       18.78      39,070        18.25
  Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers             198,350       23.72      49,330        24.33
  Avionics technicians                                                                       22,490       22.57      46,940        22.42
  Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers                                          20,070       16.77      34,880        16.09
  Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment              20,560       20.20      42,010        19.95
  Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment                  69,620       21.32      44,350        21.21
  Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay                    21,250       26.26      54,620        26.43
  Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles                              17,650       14.94      31,080        13.19
  Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers                           35,360       14.83      30,840        13.91
  Security and fire alarm systems installers                                                 49,470       17.06      35,480        16.21

  Aircraft mechanics and service technicians                                                115,120       23.68      49,260        22.74
  Automotive body and related repairers                                                     158,160       18.23      37,920        16.74
  Automotive glass installers and repairers                                                  17,760       14.67      30,510        14.18
  Automotive service technicians and mechanics                                              654,800       16.90      35,140        15.89
  Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists                                     248,280       17.96      37,360        17.61
  Farm equipment mechanics                                                                   30,800       14.17      29,480        13.81
  Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines                                          117,500       19.32      40,190        18.95
  Rail car repairers                                                                         24,270       20.32      42,270        20.45
  Motorboat mechanics                                                                        18,190       16.31      33,920        15.76
  Motorcycle mechanics                                                                       16,140       15.11      31,430        14.16
  Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics                                   24,680       12.95      26,930        12.41
  Bicycle repairers                                                                           7,980       10.33      21,490        10.05
  Recreational vehicle service technicians                                                   13,540       15.43      32,100        14.65
  Tire repairers and changers                                                               100,860       10.72      22,300        10.08

  Mechanical door repairers                                                                  14,400       15.81      32,890        14.57
  Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door                         38,640       21.21      44,120        21.21
  Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers                     241,380       18.64      38,770        17.81
  Home appliance repairers                                                                   43,110       16.38      34,060        15.86
  Industrial machinery mechanics                                                            234,650       19.74      41,060        19.11
  Maintenance and repair workers, general                                                 1,307,820       15.70      32,650        15.01
  Maintenance workers, machinery                                                             83,220       16.96      35,270        16.18
  Millwrights                                                                                53,080       22.33      46,450        21.53
  Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons                                          3,250       19.74      41,070        19.35
  Electrical power-line installers and repairers                                            106,060       23.65      49,200        24.11
  Telecommunications line installers and repairers                                          142,560       20.66      42,970        20.39
  Camera and photographic equipment repairers                                                 3,160       17.37      36,130        16.78
  Medical equipment repairers                                                                27,940       20.04      41,680        19.02
  Musical instrument repairers and tuners                                                     4,830       15.33      31,880        13.73
  Watch repairers                                                                             3,080       16.00      33,280        15.21
  Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other                                    12,870       22.11      45,980        21.37

  Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers                               39,570       14.11      29,340        13.56
  Commercial divers                                                                           2,310       20.15      41,910        18.25
  Fabric menders, except garment                                                              2,140       16.37      34,040        16.77
  Locksmiths and safe repairers                                                              16,080       15.67      32,600        14.85
  Manufactured building and mobile home installers                                           10,120       12.05      25,070        11.09
  Riggers                                                                                    11,840       18.17      37,790        17.79
  Signal and track switch repairers                                                           6,100       23.25      48,370        23.65
  Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers                                    158,520       11.17      23,230        10.21
  Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other                                  135,560       17.43      36,260        16.39

Production occupations
  First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers                       679,930       23.66      49,210        22.18
  Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers                              22,820       20.45      42,530        21.15
  Coil winders, tapers, and finishers                                                        23,190       12.65      26,320        12.32
  Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers                                            207,270       13.05      27,150        12.08
  Electromechanical equipment assemblers                                                     57,200       13.71      28,520        12.97
  Engine and other machine assemblers                                                        49,430       17.38      36,150        16.72
  Structural metal fabricators and fitters                                                   93,490       15.09      31,390        14.56
  Fiberglass laminators and fabricators                                                      30,560       12.64      26,300        12.13
  Team assemblers                                                                         1,242,370       12.50      26,000        11.60
  Timing device assemblers, adjusters, and calibrators                                        2,460       14.23      29,600        13.54
  Assemblers and fabricators, all other                                                     258,240       14.49      30,140        12.62

  Bakers                                                                                    144,110       11.13      23,150        10.35
  Butchers and meat cutters                                                                 128,660       13.37      27,810        12.78
  Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers                                              136,690        9.99      20,780         9.53
  Slaughterers and meat packers                                                             132,000       10.33      21,490        10.20
  Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders                18,160       12.15      25,280        11.17
  Food batchmakers                                                                           89,400       11.61      24,140        10.82
  Food cooking machine operators and tenders                                                 43,100       11.03      22,950        10.29

  Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic                             136,490       15.41      32,060        14.91
  Numerical tool and process control programmers                                             17,860       21.15      43,990        20.11
  Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic           87,290       13.84      28,790        13.46
  Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic                         33,850       14.53      30,220        13.93
  Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic                         37,500       15.02      31,240        14.65
  Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders,
         metal and plastic                                                                  265,480       13.13      27,310        12.49
  Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plast          43,180       14.72      30,610        13.85
  Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders,
         metal and plastic                                                                  101,530       14.23      29,600        13.34
  Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic          71,410       15.74      32,750        15.26

  Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic             29,140       15.44      32,120        15.13
  Machinists                                                                                368,380       17.00      35,350        16.51
  Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders                                               17,960       16.26      33,820        15.83
  Pourers and casters, metal                                                                 14,340       14.73      30,650        14.02
  Model makers, metal and plastic                                                             8,120       22.26      46,300        21.62
  Patternmakers, metal and plastic                                                            6,850       17.74      36,900        16.57
  Foundry mold and coremakers                                                                15,890       14.87      30,920        13.95
  Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders,
         metal and plastic                                                                  157,080       12.82      26,680        12.05
  Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic                   98,120       15.17      31,550        14.32

  Tool and die makers                                                                        99,680       21.61      44,940        20.95
  Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers                                                  358,050       15.52      32,280        14.90
  Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders                    45,220       15.55      32,350        14.63
  Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic                 26,310       14.97      31,130        14.57
  Lay-out workers, metal and plastic                                                         10,970       16.56      34,440        16.03
  Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic             40,550       13.67      28,420        12.86
  Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners                                                      18,180       15.64      32,530        15.05
  Metal workers and plastic workers, all other                                               49,650       17.97      37,380        17.06

  Bindery workers                                                                            64,330       12.92      26,880        12.04
  Bookbinders                                                                                 7,660       14.52      30,200        14.04
  Job printers                                                                               50,580       16.02      33,320        15.35
  Prepress technicians and workers                                                           72,050       16.53      34,380        15.79
  Printing machine operators                                                                192,520       15.61      32,470        14.77

  Laundry and dry-cleaning workers                                                          218,360        8.87      18,450         8.38
  Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials                                          78,620        8.76      18,220         8.45
  Sewing machine operators                                                                  233,130        9.55      19,860         8.82
  Shoe and leather workers and repairers                                                      7,680       10.11      21,030         9.62
  Shoe machine operators and tenders                                                          3,850       10.31      21,440         9.90
  Sewers, hand                                                                               11,090       10.61      22,060         9.51
  Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers                                                    30,150       11.79      24,530        10.95
  Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders                                 21,660       11.16      23,200        10.80
  Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders                                    21,420       10.83      22,530        10.30
  Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders                       42,760       11.41      23,740        11.40
  Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tender          47,670       11.30      23,510        11.04

  Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic
         and glass fibers                                                                    23,040       14.20      29,540        13.82
  Fabric and apparel patternmakers                                                            9,650       17.62      36,660        15.07
  Upholsterers                                                                               41,040       13.46      27,990        12.84
  Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other                                       24,740       11.35      23,610        11.01

  Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters                                                        121,660       13.29      27,650        12.51
  Furniture finishers                                                                        24,610       12.60      26,200        11.83
  Model makers, wood                                                                          2,280       15.71      32,680        13.46
  Patternmakers, wood                                                                         2,000       15.16      31,540        13.78
  Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood                                       60,280       11.72      24,380        11.15
  Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing                         94,690       11.83      24,610        11.25
  Woodworkers, all other                                                                     10,550       11.13      23,150        10.20

  Nuclear power reactor operators                                                             3,730       32.17      66,900        31.84
  Power distributors and dispatchers                                                          7,520       28.61      59,510        28.44
  Power plant operators                                                                      33,650       25.65      53,350        25.56
  Stationary engineers and boiler operators                                                  43,110       21.94      45,640        21.44
  Water and liquid waste treatment plant and system operators                               102,940       17.34      36,060        16.79
  Chemical plant and system operators                                                        58,640       22.55      46,900        22.45
  Gas plant operators                                                                        10,530       25.15      52,310        24.96
  Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers                           40,470       24.19      50,320        24.55
  Plant and system operators, all other                                                      13,920       21.50      44,730        21.57

  Chemical equipment operators and tenders                                                   50,610       19.05      39,620        18.77
  Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators,
         and tenders                                                                         41,250       17.15      35,680        16.66
  Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders                  41,480       13.89      28,900        13.21
  Grinding and polishing workers, hand                                                       44,890       12.03      25,010        11.28
  Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders                               129,440       14.52      30,200        13.89
  Cutters and trimmers, hand                                                                 28,360       11.57      24,070        10.50
  Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders                                78,030       14.04      29,210        13.25
  Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tend          80,420       14.15      29,420        13.36
  Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders                               28,140       15.36      31,940        14.62
  Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers                                      506,160       15.51      32,250        14.04
  Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers                                              28,100       15.79      32,830        14.15
  Dental laboratory technicians                                                              45,600       16.47      34,260        15.50
  Medical appliance technicians                                                              10,810       15.61      32,460        13.98
  Ophthalmic laboratory technicians                                                          26,740       12.81      26,640        11.89

  Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders                                       396,270       11.94      24,840        11.02
  Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders                   100,830       13.50      28,080        12.82
  Painters, transportation equipment                                                         52,650       18.14      37,720        16.75
  Painting, coating, and decorating workers                                                  27,830       12.15      25,280        10.89
  Photographic process workers                                                               28,000       12.05      25,070        10.51
  Photographic processing machine operators                                                  53,970       10.16      21,120         9.26
  Semiconductor processors                                                                   44,720       15.80      32,870        14.92

  Cementing and gluing machine operators and tenders                                         25,650       12.45      25,900        11.78
  Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders                      15,250       12.19      25,350        10.95
  Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders                                        9,640       12.16      25,290        11.13
  Etchers and engravers                                                                      10,050       13.35      27,760        12.04
  Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic                                    41,250       12.33      25,640        11.39
  Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders                                       107,560       15.32      31,870        14.98
  Tire builders                                                                              19,860       17.80      37,020        17.68
  Helpers--production workers                                                               528,610       10.45      21,730         9.80
  Production workers, all other                                                             296,340       13.49      28,070        11.36

Transportation and material moving occupations
  Aircraft cargo handling supervisors                                                         6,210       19.73      41,030        16.78
  First-line supervisors/managers of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand           176,030       19.81      41,210        18.75
  First-line supervisors/managers of transportation and material-moving machine
         and vehicle operators                                                              221,520       24.63      51,230        22.85
  Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers                                             76,240        (2)      135,040         (2)
  Commercial pilots                                                                          24,860        (2)       65,560         (2)
  Air traffic controllers                                                                    21,590       50.88     105,820        51.73
  Airfield operations specialists                                                             4,510       20.30      42,230        17.95

  Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians                     18,320        9.72      20,220         9.03
  Bus drivers, transit and intercity                                                        183,450       15.37      31,960        14.91
  Bus drivers, school                                                                       465,880       11.71      24,350        11.57
  Driver/sales workers                                                                      400,530       11.44      23,800         9.67
  Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer                                                1,624,740       17.05      35,460        16.48
  Truck drivers, light or delivery services                                                 938,280       12.99      27,020        11.92
  Taxi drivers and chauffeurs                                                               144,280       10.36      21,550         9.60
  Motor vehicle operators, all other                                                         76,500       12.29      25,570        10.71

  Locomotive engineers                                                                       37,390       28.96      60,230        26.69
  Locomotive firers                                                                             540       20.54      42,710        18.65
  Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers                                         6,970       18.99      39,500        18.28

  Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators                                               20,700       25.07      52,150        23.89
  Railroad conductors and yardmasters                                                        38,330       27.50      57,200        25.98
  Subway and streetcar operators                                                              7,430       22.43      46,660        22.84
  Rail transportation workers, all other                                                      7,500       18.32      38,100        18.74

  Sailors and marine oilers                                                                  31,090       15.19      31,590        14.11
  Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels                                               28,570       25.55      53,140        24.49
  Motorboat operators                                                                         2,700       17.14      35,650        16.48
  Ship engineers                                                                             13,240       27.54      57,290        25.38

  Bridge and lock tenders                                                                     3,620       17.44      36,270        18.26
  Parking lot attendants                                                                    124,250        8.64      17,970         8.14
  Service station attendants                                                                 96,340        8.94      18,590         8.32
  Traffic technicians                                                                         6,990       18.21      37,870        17.82
  Transportation inspectors                                                                  25,570       25.59      53,230        23.79
  Transportation workers, all other                                                          54,010       15.98      33,240        15.68

  Conveyor operators and tenders                                                             49,220       13.24      27,530        12.81
  Crane and tower operators                                                                  43,690       19.65      40,860        18.69
  Dredge operators                                                                            1,720       16.08      33,450        14.92
  Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators                                      66,030       16.64      34,610        15.57
  Loading machine operators, underground mining                                               2,390       17.47      36,330        17.15
  Hoist and winch operators                                                                   3,110       17.52      36,440        15.66
  Industrial truck and tractor operators                                                    627,060       13.86      28,830        13.02
  Cleaners of vehicles and equipment                                                        333,350        9.48      19,720         8.47
  Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand                                  2,363,960       10.80      22,460         9.91
  Machine feeders and offbearers                                                            145,740       11.41      23,730        10.74
  Packers and packagers, hand                                                               840,410        9.13      18,990         8.36
  Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators                                            3,950       20.91      43,500        21.07
  Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers                                                     9,970       18.47      38,410        17.38
  Wellhead pumpers                                                                           10,190       17.86      37,150        18.12
  Refuse and recyclable material collectors                                                 133,930       14.50      30,160        13.68
  Shuttle car operators                                                                       3,100       18.28      38,030        18.42
  Tank car, truck, and ship loaders                                                          15,950       16.34      33,990        15.06
  Material moving workers, all other                                                         52,970       15.65      32,550        14.53


   1 Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for 
 those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported 
 survey data.
   
   2 Wages for some occupations that do not generally work year-round, full time, are reported either as hourly wages or annual salaries 
 depending on how they are typically paid.
       
   3 Represents a wage above $70.00 per hour.
   
   4 Estimates not released.