For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Friday, January 21, 2022 USDL-22-0080

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

STATE JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – NOVEMBER 2021 

Job openings rates decreased in 16 states, increased in 3 states, and were little changed in 31 states and 

the District of Columbia on the last business day of November, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 

reported today. Hires rates increased in 4 states, decreased in 2 states, and were little changed in 44 

states and the District of Columbia. Total separations rates increased in 13 states, decreased in 1 state, 

and were little changed in 36 states and the District of Columbia. Nationally, the job openings rate 

decreased in November; the hires and total separations rates were little changed. (See tables A-E.) 

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, total separations, quits, and 

layoffs and discharges for the total nonfarm sector and for all states and the District of Columbia. 

Job Openings 

In November, job openings rates decreased in 16 states and increased in 3 states. The largest decreases 

in job openings rates occurred in Minnesota (-2.0 percentage points), Michigan (-1.4 points), and 

Louisiana and South Dakota (-1.2 points each). The increases in job openings rates occurred in New 

Hampshire (+ 0.8 percentage point), New York (+0.7 point), and Connecticut (+0.5 point). The national 

job openings rate decreased over the month (-0.4 point). (See table A.) 

The number of job openings decreased in 15 states and increased in 3 states on the last business day of 

November. The largest decreases occurred in Florida (-82,000), Michigan (-67,000), and Minnesota 

(-66,000). The increases in the job openings level occurred in New York (+71,000), Connecticut 

(+8,000), and New Hampshire (+6,000). Nationally, the number of job openings decreased (-529,000). 

(See table A.) 

Hires 

In November, hires rates increased in 4 states and decreased in 2 states. The largest increases in hires 

rates occurred in Idaho (+1.0 percentage point), Nebraska (+0.8 point), and Colorado (+0.7 point). The 

hires rates decreased in Massachusetts and Ohio (-0.5 percentage point each). The national hires rate 

was little changed. (See table B.) 

The number of hires increased in 4 states and decreased in 1 state in November. The increases occurred 

in Illinois (+36,000), Colorado (+19,000), and Idaho and Nebraska (+8,000 each). The decrease 

occurred in Massachusetts (-19,000). Nationally, the number of hires was little changed. (See table B.) 
- 2 - 

Total Separations 

In November, total separations rates increased in 13 states and decreased in 1 state. The largest 

increases occurred in New Hampshire (+2.1 percentage points), and Maine and Vermont (+1.3 points 

each). The total separations rate decreased in Pennsylvania (-0.4 percentage point). The national total 

separations rate was little changed over the month. (See table C.) 

The number of total separations increased in 14 states in November. The largest increases occurred in 

Georgia (+57,000), Illinois (+47,000), and New York (+32,000). Nationally, the number of total 

separations increased (+382,000). (See table C.) 

 

Quits 

In November, quits rates increased in 22 states and decreased in 2 states. The largest increases in quits 

rates occurred in New Hampshire (+1.6 percentage points) and Georgia, Kentucky, and North Dakota 

(+1.2 points each). The quits rate decreased in Colorado (-0.5 percentage point) and Pennsylvania (-0.3 

point). Over the month, the national quits rate increased (+0.2 percentage point). (See table D.) 

The number of quits increased in 21 states and decreased in 2 states in November. The largest increases 

in the quits level occurred in Georgia (+53,000), Illinois (+42,000), and New York (+36,000). The quits 

level decreased in Pennsylvania (-17,000) and Colorado (-15,000). Nationally, the number of quits 

increased over the month (+370,000). (See table D.) 

 

Layoffs and Discharges 

In November, layoffs and discharges rates increased in 4 states and decreased in 3 states. The largest 

increases in layoffs and discharges rates occurred in Montana and Wyoming (+0.7 percentage point 

each), and Iowa (+0.4 point). The decreases in layoffs and discharges rates occurred in North Dakota 

(-0.8 percentage point), West Virginia (-0.7 point), and Kentucky (-0.3 point). The national layoffs and 

discharges rate was unchanged. (See table E.) 

The number of layoffs and discharges increased in 4 states and decreased in 2 states in November. The 

largest increases in layoffs and discharges were in Texas (+30,000), Iowa (+7,000), and Montana 

(+3,000). The decreases in layoffs and discharges levels were in West Virginia (-5,000) and North 

Dakota (-3,000). Nationally, the number of layoffs and discharges was little changed over the month. 

(See table E.) 

For more information, please see the JOLTS interactive charts at www.bls.gov/charts/state-jobopenings-and-labor-turnover/state-job-openings-rates.htm#. 

 

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey State estimates for December 2021 are scheduled 

to be released on Thursday, February 17, 2022 at 10:00 a.m. (ET). 

 
- 3 - 

   

October

2021

November

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

October

2021

November

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

TOTAL U.S.................................................................................... 11,091 10,562 -529 7.0 6.6 -0.4

Alabama........................................................................................ 157 146 -11 7.1 6.6 -0.5

Connecticut................................................................................... 104 112 8 6.0 6.5 0.5

Florida........................................................................................... 713 631 -82 7.4 6.6 -0.8

Georgia......................................................................................... 412 379 -33 8.2 7.6 -0.6

Illinois............................................................................................ 427 379 -48 6.8 6.1 -0.7

Iowa.............................................................................................. 118 104 -14 7.1 6.3 -0.8

Kentucky....................................................................................... 149 137 -12 7.3 6.8 -0.5

Louisiana....................................................................................... 156 131 -25 7.8 6.6 -1.2

Maryland....................................................................................... 224 198 -26 7.7 6.8 -0.9

Massachusetts.............................................................................. 302 290 -12* 7.9 7.5 -0.4

Michigan........................................................................................ 397 330 -67 8.6 7.2 -1.4

Minnesota...................................................................................... 255 189 -66 8.1 6.1 -2.0

Mississippi..................................................................................... 87 81 -6* 7.1 6.6 -0.5

Missouri......................................................................................... 244 221 -23 7.9 7.2 -0.7

New Hampshire............................................................................. 51 57 6 7.1 7.9 0.8

New Mexico.................................................................................. 68 60 -8 7.7 6.8 -0.9

New York....................................................................................... 565 636 71 5.9 6.6 0.7

Oklahoma...................................................................................... 124 114 -10 7.0 6.5 -0.5

South Carolina............................................................................... 182 170 -12 7.8 7.3 -0.5*

South Dakota................................................................................. 37 31 -6 7.8 6.6 -1.2

Table A. States with significant changes in job openings from October 2021 to November 2021, seasonally 

adjusted

State

Level (in thousands) Rate

p Preliminary

* Not significant

October

2021

November

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

October

2021

November

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

TOTAL U.S.................................................................................... 6,506 6,697 191 4.4 4.5 0.1

Colorado........................................................................................ 124 143 19 4.5 5.2 0.7

Idaho............................................................................................. 37 45 8 4.7 5.7 1.0

Illinois............................................................................................ 255 291 36 4.4 5.0 0.6

Massachusetts.............................................................................. 142 123 -19 4.0 3.5 -0.5

Nebraska....................................................................................... 37 45 8 3.6 4.4 0.8

Ohio............................................................................................... 224 201 -23* 4.2 3.7 -0.5

Table B. States with significant changes in hires from October 2021 to November 2021, seasonally adjusted

State

Level (in thousands) Rate

p Preliminary

* Not significant
- 4 - 

October

2021

November

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

October

2021

November

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

TOTAL U.S.................................................................................... 5,891 6,273 382 4.0 4.2 0.2

Alabama........................................................................................ 95 105 10* 4.6 5.1 0.5

Connecticut................................................................................... 56 77 21 3.5 4.7 1.2

Georgia......................................................................................... 220 277 57 4.8 6.0 1.2

Illinois............................................................................................ 205 252 47 3.5 4.3 0.8

Iowa.............................................................................................. 56 69 13 3.6 4.5 0.9

Kentucky....................................................................................... 86 103 17 4.6 5.4 0.8

Maine............................................................................................ 26 34 8 4.2 5.5 1.3

Minnesota...................................................................................... 93 110 17 3.2 3.8 0.6

New Hampshire............................................................................. 30 44 14 4.5 6.6 2.1

New Jersey................................................................................... 147 167 20 3.6 4.1 0.5

New York....................................................................................... 268 300 32 3.0 3.3 0.3*

Pennsylvania................................................................................. 241 221 -20* 4.2 3.8 -0.4

Rhode Island................................................................................. 21 25 4 4.4 5.2 0.8*

Vermont......................................................................................... 15 19 4 5.1 6.4 1.3

Wisconsin...................................................................................... 109 123 14 3.8 4.3 0.5

Wyoming....................................................................................... 13 16 3 4.7 5.8 1.1

Table C. States with significant changes in total separations from October 2021 to November 2021, 

seasonally adjusted

State

Level (in thousands) Rate

p Preliminary

* Not significant
- 5 - 

October

2021

November

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

October

2021

November

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

TOTAL U.S.................................................................................... 4,157 4,527 370 2.8 3.0 0.2

Alabama........................................................................................ 65 76 11 3.2 3.7 0.5

Alaska............................................................................................ 10 12 2 3.2 3.9 0.7

California....................................................................................... 391 415 24* 2.3 2.5 0.2

Colorado........................................................................................ 111 96 -15 4.0 3.5 -0.5

Connecticut................................................................................... 35 49 14 2.2 3.0 0.8

Delaware....................................................................................... 14 17 3 3.1 3.8 0.7

Florida........................................................................................... 270 301 31 3.0 3.4 0.4

Georgia......................................................................................... 153 206 53 3.3 4.5 1.2

Illinois............................................................................................ 150 192 42 2.6 3.3 0.7

Indiana.......................................................................................... 104 117 13 3.4 3.8 0.4

Iowa.............................................................................................. 37 44 7 2.4 2.9 0.5

Kentucky....................................................................................... 56 79 23 3.0 4.2 1.2

Maine............................................................................................ 18 23 5 2.9 3.8 0.9

Minnesota...................................................................................... 66 79 13 2.3 2.7 0.4

New Hampshire............................................................................. 19 30 11 2.9 4.5 1.6

New York....................................................................................... 173 209 36 1.9 2.3 0.4

North Carolina............................................................................... 160 181 21 3.5 4.0 0.5

North Dakota................................................................................. 13 18 5 3.1 4.3 1.2

Oklahoma...................................................................................... 51 58 7 3.1 3.5 0.4*

Pennsylvania................................................................................. 156 139 -17 2.7 2.4 -0.3

Tennessee..................................................................................... 94 112 18 3.0 3.6 0.6

Utah............................................................................................... 48 55 7* 2.9 3.4 0.5

Vermont......................................................................................... 11 13 2 3.7 4.4 0.7

West Virginia................................................................................. 21 25 4 3.0 3.6 0.6

Wisconsin...................................................................................... 78 97 19 2.7 3.4 0.7

Table D. States with significant changes in quits from October 2021 to November 2021, seasonally adjusted

State

Level (in thousands) Rate

p Preliminary

* Not significant

October

2021

November

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

October

2021

November

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

TOTAL U.S.................................................................................... 1,350 1,369 19 0.9 0.9 0.0

Iowa.............................................................................................. 15 22 7 1.0 1.4 0.4

Kentucky....................................................................................... 24 18 -6* 1.3 1.0 -0.3

Montana........................................................................................ 6 9 3 1.2 1.9 0.7

North Dakota................................................................................. 9 6 -3 2.2 1.4 -0.8

Texas............................................................................................. 81 111 30 0.6 0.9 0.3

West Virginia................................................................................. 10 5 -5 1.4 0.7 -0.7

Wyoming....................................................................................... 3 5 2 1.1 1.8 0.7

p Preliminary

* Not significant

Table E. States with significant changes in layoffs and discharges from October 2021 to November 2021, 

seasonally adjusted

State

Level (in thousands) Rate
Technical Note 

 This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

JOLTS program provides information on labor 

demand and turnover. Additional information about 

the JOLTS program can be found at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job 

openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and 

total separations. The JOLTS program covers all 

private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian 

federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 

states and the District of Columbia. Industries are 

classified in accordance with the North American 

Industry Classification System. 

Definitions and Methodology (National/State) 

Shared definitions and procedures for National and 

State JOLTS Estimates can be found at: 

www.bls.gov/news.release/jolts.tn.htm 

Data Element Definitions

 Employment. Employment includes persons on 

the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay 

period that includes the 12th day of the reference 

month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, 

seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are 

included, as are employees on paid vacation or other 

paid leave. Proprietors or partners of unincorporated 

businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on 

strike for the entire pay period, and employees on 

leave without pay for the entire pay period are not 

counted as employed. Employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where 

they are working. JOLTS does not publish 

employment estimates but uses the reported 

employment for validation of the other reported data 

elements. 

Job Openings. Job openings include all 

positions that are open on the last business day of the 

reference month. A job is open only if it meets all 

three of these conditions: 

 A specific position exists and there is work 

available for that position. The position can be 

full-time or part-time, and it can be permanent, 

short-term, or seasonal. 

 The job could start within 30 days, whether or 

not the employer can find a suitable candidate 

during that time. 

 The employer is actively recruiting workers from 

outside the establishment to fill the position. 

Active recruiting means that the establishment is 

taking steps to fill a position. It may include 

advertising in newspapers, on television, or on 

the radio; posting Internet notices, posting “help 

wanted” signs, networking or making “word-ofmouth” announcements; accepting applications; 

interviewing candidates; contacting employment 

agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, 

state or local employment offices, or similar 

sources. 

 Excluded are positions open only to internal 

transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from 

layoffs. Also excluded are openings for positions 

with start dates more than 30 days in the future, 

positions for which employees have been hired but 

the employees have not yet reported for work, and 

positions to be filled by employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 

computed by dividing the number of job openings by 

the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll 

during the entire reference month, including newly 

hired and rehired employees; full-time and part-time 

employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal 

employees; employees who were recalled to a job at 

the location following a layoff (formal suspension 

from pay status) lasting more than 7 days; on-call or 

intermittent employees who returned to work after 

having been formally separated; workers who were 

hired and separated during the month, and transfers 

from other locations. Excluded are transfers or 

promotions within the reporting location, employees 

returning from strike, employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is 

computed by dividing the number of hires by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

 Separations. Total Separations include all 

separations from the payroll during the entire 

reference month and is reported by type of 

separation: quits, layoffs and discharges, and other 

separations. Quits include employees who left 

voluntarily with the exception of retirements or 
transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges 

includes involuntary separations initiated by the 

employer including layoffs with no intent to rehire; 

layoffs (formal suspensions from pay status) lasting 

or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges 

resulting from mergers, downsizing, or closings; 

firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of 

permanent or short-term employees; and terminations 

of seasonal employees (whether or not they are 

expected to return the next season). Other separations 

include retirements, transfers to other locations, 

separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 

Excluded from other separations are transfers within 

the same location; employees on strike; employees of 

temporary help agencies, employee leasing 

companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The 

other separations component is not published for 

states due to its comparatively high error, and 

because it comprises less than 8% of total 

separations. The separations rate is computed by 

dividing the number of separations by employment 

and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits and 

layoffs and discharges rates are computed similarly. 

State Estimates Methodology

The JOLTS sample of 21,000 establishments 

does not directly support the production of sample 

based state estimates. However, state estimates have 

been produced by combining the available sample 

with model-based estimates. 

 These estimates consist of four major estimating 

models; the Composite Regional model, the 

Synthetic model, the Composite Synthetic model, 

and the Extended Composite Synthetic model. The 

Composite Regional model uses JOLTS microdata, 

JOLTS regional published estimates, and Current 

Employment Statistics (CES) employment data. The 

Composite Synthetic model uses JOLTS microdata 

and Synthetic model estimates derived from monthly 

employment changes in microdata from the Quarterly 

Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and 

JOLTS published regional data. The Extended 

Composite Synthetic extends the Composite 

Synthetic estimates by ratio-adjusting the Composite 

Synthetic by the ratio of the current Composite 

Regional model estimate to the Composite Regional 

model estimate from one year ago. 

 The Extended Composite Synthetic model (and 

its major component—the Composite Regional 

model) is used to extend the Composite Synthetic 

estimates because all of the inputs required by this 

model are available at the time monthly estimate are 

produced. In contrast, the Composite Synthetic model 

(and its major component—the Synthetic model) can 

only be produced when the latest QCEW data are 

available. The current model uses the Extended 

Composite Synthetic model estimates to extend the 

Composite Synthetic model estimates during the 

annual JOLTS re-tabulation process. The extension 

of the Composite Synthetic model using current databased Composite Regional model estimates will 

ensure that the Composite Synthetic model estimates 

reflect current economic trends. 

 The Composite Regional model calculates statelevel JOLTS estimates from JOLTS microdata using 

sample weights, and the adjustments for nonresponse (NRAF). The Composite Regional estimate 

is then benchmarked to CES state-supersector 

employment to produce state-supersector estimates. 

The JOLTS sample, by itself, cannot ensure a 

reasonably sized sample for each state-supersector 

cell. The small JOLTS sample results in quite a 

number of state-supersector cells that lack enough 

data to produce a reasonable estimate. To overcome 

this issue, the state-level estimates derived directly 

from the JOLTS sample are augmented using JOLTS 

regional estimates when the number of respondents is 

low (that is, less than 30). This approach is known as 

a composite estimate which leverages the small 

JOLTS sample to the greatest extent possible and 

supplements that with a model-based estimate. 

 In this approach, the JOLTS microdata-based 

estimate is used, without model augmentation, in all 

state-supersector cells that have 30 or more 

respondents. The JOLTS regional estimate will be 

used, without a sample-based component, in all statesupersector cells that have fewer than five 

respondents. In all state-supersector cells with 5–30 

respondents an estimate is calculated that is a 

composition of a weighted estimate of the microdatabased estimate and a weighted estimate of the JOLTS 

regional estimate. The weight assigned to the JOLTS 

data in those cells is proportional the number of 

JOLTS respondents in the cell (weight=n∕30, where n 

is the number of respondents). 

 Benchmarking. The JOLTS State estimates 

utilize and leverage data from three BLS programs; 

JOLTS, CES, and QCEW. These state estimates are 

published as a historical series comprised of an 

historical annually revised benchmark component for 
the Composite Synthetic model and a current 

component Extended Composite Synthetic model 

which provides monthly "real-time" estimates 

between lagged benchmarks.

 Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses X-13 ARIMA 

for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal 

adjustment methodology is used in which new 

seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each 

month, using all relevant data, up to and including 

current month data. JOLTS state seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors 

at the beginning and end of the series and to detect 

and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally 

adjusted CES over-the-month employment trends are 

applied to the seasonally adjusted JOLTS state 

implied employment trends (hires minus separations) 

forcing them to be approximately the same, while 

preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data. 

Reliability of the estimates 

 JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling 

and nonsampling error. Sampling error occurs when a 

sample is surveyed rather than the entire population. 

There is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. 

The difference, or sampling error, varies depending 

on the particular sample selected. This variability is 

measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS 

analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent 

level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an 

estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population 

value because of sampling error. Sampling error 

estimates are available on the JOLTS Median 

Standard Errors page: 

http://www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.

htm 

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by 

nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for 

many reasons including: the failure to include a 

segment of the population; the inability to obtain data 

from all units in the sample; the inability or 

unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 

timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors 

made in the collection or processing of the data; and 

errors from the employment benchmark data used in 

estimation. 

 The JOLTS State variance estimates account for 

both sampling error and the error attributable to 

modeling. A small area domain model uses a 

Bayesian model to develop estimates of JOLTS State 

variance. The small area model uses QCEW-based 

JOLTS synthetic model data to generate a Bayesian 

prior distribution, then updates the prior distribution 

using JOLTS microdata and sample-based variance 

estimates at the State and US Census Regional level 

to generate a Bayesian posterior distribution. Once 

the Bayesian posterior distribution has been 

generated, an estimate of JOLTS State variance 

estimates is made by drawing 2,500 estimates from 

the Bayesian posterior distribution. This Bayesian 

approach thus indirectly accounts for sampling error 

and directly for model error. 

Other information 

Detailed information about the JOLTS State 

methodology can be found at: 

www.bls.gov/jlt/jlt_statedata_methodology.htm 

 Information in this release will be made available 

to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice 

phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 

877-8339. 
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Nov.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

Nov.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 6,766 10,629 10,602 11,091 10,562 4.5 6.7 6.7 7.0 6.6

Alabama.......................................... 103 146 143 157 146 4.9 6.7 6.5 7.1 6.6

Alaska............................................ 22 30 30 29 30 6.7 8.9 8.9 8.5 8.8

Arizona........................................... 149 242 214 227 220 4.9 7.5 6.7 7.1 6.8

Arkansas......................................... 61 98 95 90 85 4.6 7.2 7.0 6.6 6.2

California......................................... 696 1,123 1,157 1,158 1,118 4.2 6.3 6.5 6.5 6.2

Colorado......................................... 112 210 192 214 212 4.1 7.1 6.5 7.2 7.1

Connecticut...................................... 65 103 100 104 112 4.0 6.0 5.8 6.0 6.5

Delaware......................................... 19 33 31 31 28 4.1 6.8 6.4 6.4 5.8

District of Columbia............................. 31 39 39 40 40 4.1 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.0

Florida............................................ 390 685 656 713 631 4.4 7.2 6.9 7.4 6.6

Georgia........................................... 257 416 417 412 379 5.5 8.4 8.3 8.2 7.6

Hawaii............................................ 31 33 27 53 52 5.5 5.4 4.5 8.4 8.3

Idaho............................................. 41 59 54 62 59 5.0 7.0 6.4 7.3 7.0

Illinois............................................. 242 387 436 427 379 4.1 6.3 7.0 6.8 6.1

Indiana........................................... 154 230 230 246 240 4.9 7.0 7.0 7.4 7.2

Iowa............................................... 71 98 113 118 104 4.5 6.0 6.8 7.1 6.3

Kansas........................................... 65 82 86 98 95 4.6 5.6 5.8 6.6 6.4

Kentucky......................................... 94 170 145 149 137 4.8 8.3 7.2 7.3 6.8

Louisiana......................................... 96 136 138 156 131 5.0 6.9 7.0 7.8 6.6

Maine............................................. 29 47 50 42 45 4.6 7.1 7.5 6.4 6.8

Maryland......................................... 137 212 210 224 198 5.0 7.4 7.3 7.7 6.8

Massachusetts.................................. 161 280 281 302 290 4.6 7.4 7.4 7.9 7.5

Michigan......................................... 212 364 366 397 330 4.9 8.0 8.0 8.6 7.2

Minnesota........................................ 115 190 194 255 189 4.0 6.2 6.3 8.1 6.1

Mississippi....................................... 58 87 84 87 81 4.9 7.1 6.9 7.1 6.6

Missouri.......................................... 130 211 205 244 221 4.5 6.9 6.7 7.9 7.2

Montana.......................................... 27 39 38 43 41 5.4 7.5 7.3 8.2 7.8

Nebraska......................................... 51 67 71 75 72 4.9 6.2 6.5 6.8 6.6

Nevada........................................... 64 119 109 112 109 4.8 8.1 7.5 7.6 7.4

New Hampshire................................. 34 56 54 51 57 5.0 7.8 7.5 7.1 7.9

New Jersey...................................... 217 306 294 301 290 5.3 7.1 6.8 6.9 6.7

New Mexico..................................... 40 64 66 68 60 4.8 7.3 7.5 7.7 6.8

New York........................................ 354 554 553 565 636 3.9 5.8 5.8 5.9 6.6

North Carolina................................... 208 360 329 344 338 4.5 7.4 6.8 7.0 6.9

North Dakota.................................... 19 29 32 33 31 4.5 6.5 7.1 7.3 6.9

Ohio............................................... 250 343 378 423 420 4.5 6.0 6.6 7.3 7.2

Oklahoma........................................ 83 101 123 124 114 4.9 5.8 6.9 7.0 6.5

Oregon........................................... 106 152 142 145 137 5.5 7.5 7.0 7.1 6.7

Pennsylvania.................................... 269 427 412 411 400 4.6 6.9 6.7 6.7 6.5

Rhode Island.................................... 23 37 38 40 38 4.7 7.2 7.3 7.7 7.3

South Carolina.................................. 121 181 182 182 170 5.4 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.3

South Dakota.................................... 22 27 34 37 31 4.9 5.8 7.2 7.8 6.6

Tennessee....................................... 145 227 227 242 232 4.6 6.8 6.8 7.2 6.9

Texas............................................. 566 887 837 901 884 4.4 6.5 6.1 6.5 6.4

Utah............................................... 73 120 110 124 117 4.5 6.9 6.4 7.1 6.7

Vermont.......................................... 14 24 25 24 23 4.6 7.4 7.8 7.5 7.2

Virginia........................................... 207 303 336 288 301 5.1 7.2 7.9 6.8 7.0

Washington...................................... 148 210 224 229 221 4.3 5.8 6.1 6.2 6.0

West Virginia.................................... 46 54 60 57 55 6.4 7.2 8.0 7.6 7.4

Wisconsin........................................ 124 211 219 217 209 4.2 6.8 7.1 7.0 6.7

Wyoming......................................... 15 23 20 22 21 5.2 7.8 6.8 7.4 7.1

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Nov.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

Nov.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 6,019 6,497 6,546 6,506 6,697 4.2 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.5

Alabama.......................................... 91 102 106 105 103 4.5 5.0 5.2 5.1 5.0

Alaska............................................ 19 21 21 19 20 6.2 6.9 6.9 6.1 6.5

Arizona........................................... 119 138 139 128 138 4.2 4.6 4.7 4.3 4.6

Arkansas......................................... 60 65 66 61 63 4.8 5.1 5.2 4.8 4.9

California......................................... 604 661 656 691 709 3.8 4.0 3.9 4.1 4.2

Colorado......................................... 105 140 141 124 143 4.0 5.1 5.1 4.5 5.2

Connecticut...................................... 51 60 64 60 66 3.2 3.7 4.0 3.7 4.1

Delaware......................................... 20 24 23 21 22 4.5 5.3 5.1 4.7 4.9

District of Columbia............................. 23 22 20 21 24 3.1 2.9 2.7 2.8 3.2

Florida............................................ 348 431 420 456 472 4.1 4.9 4.7 5.1 5.3

Georgia........................................... 192 255 268 247 245 4.3 5.6 5.8 5.4 5.3

Hawaii............................................ 32 23 22 37 38 6.0 4.0 3.8 6.4 6.6

Idaho............................................. 37 44 40 37 45 4.8 5.6 5.1 4.7 5.7

Illinois............................................. 237 235 261 255 291 4.2 4.0 4.5 4.4 5.0

Indiana........................................... 133 157 150 142 144 4.4 5.1 4.9 4.6 4.6

Iowa............................................... 64 57 64 62 61 4.2 3.7 4.2 4.0 4.0

Kansas........................................... 51 55 49 55 58 3.8 4.0 3.5 4.0 4.2

Kentucky......................................... 96 107 100 98 105 5.2 5.7 5.3 5.2 5.6

Louisiana......................................... 100 95 94 102 99 5.5 5.1 5.2 5.5 5.3

Maine............................................. 25 26 32 28 28 4.2 4.2 5.2 4.6 4.6

Maryland......................................... 127 104 104 99 103 4.9 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.8

Massachusetts.................................. 107 127 145 142 123 3.2 3.6 4.1 4.0 3.5

Michigan......................................... 201 220 198 201 196 4.9 5.3 4.7 4.8 4.6

Minnesota........................................ 93 97 89 98 111 3.4 3.4 3.1 3.4 3.8

Mississippi....................................... 55 57 66 58 61 4.9 5.0 5.8 5.1 5.3

Missouri.......................................... 115 123 121 116 118 4.1 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.1

Montana.......................................... 23 27 28 25 28 4.8 5.6 5.8 5.2 5.8

Nebraska......................................... 47 45 40 37 45 4.7 4.4 3.9 3.6 4.4

Nevada........................................... 61 98 85 78 71 4.8 7.3 6.3 5.7 5.2

New Hampshire................................. 26 30 32 34 34 4.0 4.5 4.8 5.1 5.1

New Jersey...................................... 180 167 177 167 159 4.6 4.2 4.4 4.1 3.9

New Mexico..................................... 31 40 41 37 39 3.9 4.9 5.0 4.5 4.7

New York........................................ 297 337 321 321 333 3.4 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.7

North Carolina................................... 199 235 234 222 238 4.5 5.2 5.2 4.9 5.2

North Dakota.................................... 17 24 20 20 20 4.2 5.8 4.8 4.8 4.7

Ohio............................................... 224 208 232 224 201 4.2 3.9 4.3 4.2 3.7

Oklahoma........................................ 68 73 78 84 81 4.2 4.5 4.7 5.1 4.9

Oregon........................................... 81 96 88 86 89 4.4 5.1 4.7 4.6 4.7

Pennsylvania.................................... 218 189 222 242 245 3.9 3.3 3.9 4.2 4.2

Rhode Island.................................... 21 22 24 25 24 4.5 4.6 5.0 5.2 5.0

South Carolina.................................. 108 116 111 117 126 5.1 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.8

South Dakota.................................... 19 19 20 18 19 4.4 4.3 4.6 4.1 4.3

Tennessee....................................... 136 157 152 161 166 4.5 5.1 4.9 5.2 5.3

Texas............................................. 631 600 605 594 628 5.1 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.8

Utah............................................... 64 75 71 73 78 4.1 4.6 4.4 4.5 4.8

Vermont.......................................... 12 14 15 14 14 4.2 4.7 5.1 4.7 4.7

Virginia........................................... 171 184 182 153 161 4.4 4.7 4.6 3.9 4.1

Washington...................................... 119 139 138 138 144 3.6 4.1 4.0 4.0 4.2

West Virginia.................................... 33 31 35 36 35 4.9 4.5 5.1 5.2 5.1

Wisconsin........................................ 116 107 120 120 119 4.1 3.7 4.2 4.2 4.1

Wyoming......................................... 13 16 15 14 15 4.8 5.9 5.5 5.1 5.5

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Nov.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

Nov.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 5,744 6,032 6,147 5,891 6,273 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.2

Alabama.......................................... 78 90 102 95 105 3.9 4.4 5.0 4.6 5.1

Alaska............................................ 15 19 18 14 16 4.9 6.2 5.9 4.5 5.2

Arizona........................................... 119 124 123 116 131 4.2 4.2 4.1 3.9 4.4

Arkansas......................................... 54 55 63 60 61 4.3 4.3 5.0 4.7 4.8

California......................................... 561 577 561 568 565 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.4

Colorado......................................... 161 172 142 155 146 6.1 6.3 5.2 5.6 5.3

Connecticut...................................... 72 50 63 56 77 4.6 3.1 3.9 3.5 4.7

Delaware......................................... 19 21 20 20 22 4.3 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.9

District of Columbia............................. 21 19 22 23 24 2.9 2.5 2.9 3.0 3.2

Florida............................................ 327 395 383 380 407 3.9 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.5

Georgia........................................... 195 254 264 220 277 4.4 5.6 5.8 4.8 6.0

Hawaii............................................ 20 28 54 24 24 3.8 4.9 9.4 4.2 4.2

Idaho............................................. 39 44 39 39 40 5.1 5.6 5.0 5.0 5.1

Illinois............................................. 262 259 265 205 252 4.6 4.5 4.6 3.5 4.3

Indiana........................................... 122 148 133 132 146 4.0 4.8 4.3 4.3 4.7

Iowa............................................... 61 73 62 56 69 4.0 4.8 4.0 3.6 4.5

Kansas........................................... 50 60 51 56 61 3.7 4.3 3.7 4.0 4.4

Kentucky......................................... 96 108 93 86 103 5.2 5.7 4.9 4.6 5.4

Louisiana......................................... 84 75 97 87 95 4.6 4.1 5.3 4.7 5.1

Maine............................................. 25 27 26 26 34 4.2 4.4 4.2 4.2 5.5

Maryland......................................... 82 92 102 96 106 3.2 3.4 3.8 3.6 3.9

Massachusetts.................................. 110 139 152 125 133 3.3 4.0 4.3 3.5 3.7

Michigan......................................... 220 201 203 191 180 5.4 4.8 4.8 4.5 4.2

Minnesota........................................ 106 108 107 93 110 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.2 3.8

Mississippi....................................... 55 53 59 56 57 4.9 4.7 5.2 4.9 5.0

Missouri.......................................... 105 127 120 114 118 3.8 4.5 4.2 4.0 4.1

Montana.......................................... 29 25 28 26 29 6.1 5.2 5.8 5.4 6.0

Nebraska......................................... 40 45 43 42 43 4.0 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.2

Nevada........................................... 81 72 80 69 68 6.4 5.4 5.9 5.1 5.0

New Hampshire................................. 26 28 35 30 44 4.0 4.2 5.3 4.5 6.6

New Jersey...................................... 187 150 154 147 167 4.8 3.8 3.8 3.6 4.1

New Mexico..................................... 46 41 33 34 37 5.9 5.1 4.1 4.2 4.5

New York........................................ 256 271 268 268 300 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.3

North Carolina................................... 203 232 223 233 237 4.6 5.1 4.9 5.1 5.2

North Dakota.................................... 22 21 21 23 25 5.4 5.0 5.0 5.5 5.9

Ohio............................................... 203 216 244 203 203 3.8 4.0 4.6 3.8 3.8

Oklahoma........................................ 62 72 73 72 80 3.8 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.8

Oregon........................................... 87 84 86 82 92 4.8 4.5 4.6 4.3 4.8

Pennsylvania.................................... 197 192 187 241 221 3.5 3.3 3.3 4.2 3.8

Rhode Island.................................... 19 19 23 21 25 4.1 4.0 4.8 4.4 5.2

South Carolina.................................. 97 88 99 110 103 4.6 4.1 4.6 5.1 4.8

South Dakota.................................... 18 21 18 18 19 4.2 4.8 4.1 4.1 4.3

Tennessee....................................... 124 147 139 133 143 4.1 4.7 4.5 4.3 4.6

Texas............................................. 501 480 554 540 553 4.1 3.8 4.3 4.2 4.3

Utah............................................... 60 64 75 68 74 3.8 4.0 4.6 4.2 4.5

Vermont.......................................... 14 13 15 15 19 4.9 4.4 5.1 5.1 6.4

Virginia........................................... 147 157 147 145 143 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.6

Washington...................................... 120 111 115 122 118 3.7 3.2 3.3 3.6 3.4

West Virginia.................................... 31 32 36 33 32 4.6 4.6 5.2 4.8 4.6

Wisconsin........................................ 98 122 115 109 123 3.5 4.2 4.0 3.8 4.3

Wyoming......................................... 17 16 13 13 16 6.2 5.9 4.7 4.7 5.8

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Nov.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

Nov.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 3,296 4,270 4,362 4,157 4,527 2.3 2.9 3.0 2.8 3.0

Alabama.......................................... 53 62 69 65 76 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.2 3.7

Alaska............................................ 7 12 11 10 12 2.3 3.9 3.6 3.2 3.9

Arizona........................................... 78 87 91 87 97 2.7 2.9 3.1 2.9 3.2

Arkansas......................................... 37 40 44 40 45 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.1 3.5

California......................................... 280 403 400 391 415 1.7 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.5

Colorado......................................... 66 94 106 111 96 2.5 3.4 3.9 4.0 3.5

Connecticut...................................... 29 36 43 35 49 1.8 2.2 2.7 2.2 3.0

Delaware......................................... 13 14 14 14 17 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.8

District of Columbia............................. 14 13 15 15 18 1.9 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.4

Florida............................................ 230 269 277 270 301 2.7 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.4

Georgia........................................... 130 195 185 153 206 2.9 4.3 4.0 3.3 4.5

Hawaii............................................ 11 19 38 17 16 2.1 3.3 6.6 2.9 2.8

Idaho............................................. 20 30 30 28 28 2.6 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.6

Illinois............................................. 125 197 189 150 192 2.2 3.4 3.3 2.6 3.3

Indiana........................................... 77 113 101 104 117 2.6 3.7 3.3 3.4 3.8

Iowa............................................... 32 53 39 37 44 2.1 3.5 2.5 2.4 2.9

Kansas........................................... 31 43 35 41 45 2.3 3.1 2.5 3.0 3.2

Kentucky......................................... 60 83 63 56 79 3.2 4.4 3.3 3.0 4.2

Louisiana......................................... 56 55 71 63 68 3.1 3.0 3.9 3.4 3.6

Maine............................................. 14 18 20 18 23 2.3 2.9 3.3 2.9 3.8

Maryland......................................... 51 66 64 66 73 2.0 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.7

Massachusetts.................................. 60 89 90 84 89 1.8 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.5

Michigan......................................... 100 137 129 125 132 2.4 3.3 3.1 3.0 3.1

Minnesota........................................ 54 74 67 66 79 1.9 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.7

Mississippi....................................... 35 38 43 40 43 3.1 3.4 3.8 3.5 3.8

Missouri.......................................... 63 94 91 86 90 2.3 3.3 3.2 3.0 3.1

Montana.......................................... 14 16 21 18 19 2.9 3.3 4.4 3.7 3.9

Nebraska......................................... 25 33 30 29 30 2.5 3.2 2.9 2.8 2.9

Nevada........................................... 38 46 57 49 45 3.0 3.4 4.2 3.6 3.3

New Hampshire................................. 14 18 25 19 30 2.2 2.7 3.8 2.9 4.5

New Jersey...................................... 85 106 94 101 102 2.2 2.7 2.3 2.5 2.5

New Mexico..................................... 18 25 23 22 25 2.3 3.1 2.8 2.7 3.0

New York........................................ 131 197 184 173 209 1.5 2.2 2.0 1.9 2.3

North Carolina................................... 132 151 156 160 181 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.5 4.0

North Dakota.................................... 11 13 13 13 18 2.7 3.1 3.1 3.1 4.3

Ohio............................................... 123 158 156 147 141 2.3 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.6

Oklahoma........................................ 41 51 54 51 58 2.5 3.1 3.3 3.1 3.5

Oregon........................................... 39 55 67 58 59 2.1 2.9 3.6 3.1 3.1

Pennsylvania.................................... 116 133 135 156 139 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.4

Rhode Island.................................... 10 12 16 14 16 2.2 2.5 3.3 2.9 3.3

South Carolina.................................. 73 61 69 80 79 3.5 2.8 3.2 3.7 3.7

South Dakota.................................... 9 15 12 13 13 2.1 3.4 2.7 3.0 3.0

Tennessee....................................... 85 104 99 94 112 2.8 3.4 3.2 3.0 3.6

Texas............................................. 324 370 440 429 411 2.6 2.9 3.4 3.3 3.2

Utah............................................... 37 42 57 48 55 2.4 2.6 3.5 2.9 3.4

Vermont.......................................... 8 8 9 11 13 2.8 2.7 3.1 3.7 4.4

Virginia........................................... 93 111 115 105 106 2.4 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.7

Washington...................................... 62 82 81 88 84 1.9 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.4

West Virginia.................................... 20 23 26 21 25 3.0 3.3 3.8 3.0 3.6

Wisconsin........................................ 58 95 88 78 97 2.1 3.3 3.1 2.7 3.4

Wyoming......................................... 7 9 9 10 10 2.6 3.3 3.3 3.6 3.6

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Nov.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

Nov.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 2,123 1,385 1,396 1,350 1,369 1.5 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

Alabama.......................................... 23 17 26 23 23 1.1 0.8 1.3 1.1 1.1

Alaska............................................ 7 5 5 3 4 2.3 1.6 1.6 1.0 1.3

Arizona........................................... 31 27 21 24 26 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.9

Arkansas......................................... 14 12 15 14 12 1.1 0.9 1.2 1.1 0.9

California......................................... 239 129 121 129 115 1.5 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7

Colorado......................................... 83 72 24 35 37 3.1 2.6 0.9 1.3 1.3

Connecticut...................................... 40 8 15 18 22 2.5 0.5 0.9 1.1 1.4

Delaware......................................... 5 5 4 5 4 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.9

District of Columbia............................. 6 5 5 6 5 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7

Florida............................................ 84 97 86 90 95 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1

Georgia........................................... 56 42 60 53 54 1.3 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.2

Hawaii............................................ 7 8 12 6 6 1.3 1.4 2.1 1.0 1.0

Idaho............................................. 16 11 7 9 10 2.1 1.4 0.9 1.1 1.3

Illinois............................................. 126 52 58 48 48 2.2 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.8

Indiana........................................... 38 28 26 22 22 1.3 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7

Iowa............................................... 24 15 19 15 22 1.6 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.4

Kansas........................................... 16 12 12 11 13 1.2 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9

Kentucky......................................... 32 20 25 24 18 1.7 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.0

Louisiana......................................... 23 15 21 18 21 1.3 0.8 1.2 1.0 1.1

Maine............................................. 10 6 4 6 8 1.7 1.0 0.7 1.0 1.3

Maryland......................................... 26 20 31 22 28 1.0 0.7 1.2 0.8 1.0

Massachusetts.................................. 43 41 50 31 30 1.3 1.2 1.4 0.9 0.8

Michigan......................................... 111 51 63 50 40 2.7 1.2 1.5 1.2 0.9

Minnesota........................................ 47 27 25 21 24 1.7 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.8

Mississippi....................................... 17 11 12 13 11 1.5 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0

Missouri.......................................... 35 27 24 23 19 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7

Montana.......................................... 13 7 6 6 9 2.7 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.9

Nebraska......................................... 13 9 10 9 10 1.3 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0

Nevada........................................... 32 22 19 17 18 2.5 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.3

New Hampshire................................. 10 7 8 9 11 1.6 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.7

New Jersey...................................... 93 34 51 38 47 2.4 0.9 1.3 0.9 1.2

New Mexico..................................... 26 13 8 8 10 3.3 1.6 1.0 1.0 1.2

New York........................................ 101 58 65 78 71 1.2 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.8

North Carolina................................... 60 70 55 50 42 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.1 0.9

North Dakota.................................... 10 6 6 9 6 2.5 1.4 1.4 2.2 1.4

Ohio............................................... 70 47 78 46 50 1.3 0.9 1.5 0.9 0.9

Oklahoma........................................ 17 15 15 14 16 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0

Oregon........................................... 44 24 11 20 27 2.4 1.3 0.6 1.1 1.4

Pennsylvania.................................... 70 42 39 72 70 1.2 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.2

Rhode Island.................................... 8 6 6 6 6 1.7 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2

South Carolina.................................. 21 20 24 24 19 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.9

South Dakota.................................... 7 5 4 4 5 1.6 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.1

Tennessee....................................... 35 30 30 30 25 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8

Texas............................................. 160 91 88 81 111 1.3 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.9

Utah............................................... 20 17 13 16 15 1.3 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.9

Vermont.......................................... 5 3 5 4 4 1.7 1.0 1.7 1.4 1.4

Virginia........................................... 48 38 28 30 29 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.7

Washington...................................... 50 23 25 25 24 1.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

West Virginia.................................... 9 7 7 10 5 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.4 0.7

Wisconsin........................................ 31 21 19 24 19 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7

Wyoming......................................... 9 6 3 3 5 3.3 2.2 1.1 1.1 1.8

p Preliminary
Table 6. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Nov.

2020

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

Nov.

2020

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 6,311 11,528 9,912 4.2 7.2 6.2

Alabama................................................................. 92 162 132 4.4 7.3 6.0

Alaska................................................................... 14 24 22 4.6 7.2 7.0

Arizona.................................................................. 136 243 199 4.5 7.5 6.1

Arkansas................................................................ 55 92 78 4.2 6.7 5.7

California................................................................ 640 1,247 1,053 3.8 6.9 5.8

Colorado................................................................ 93 212 187 3.4 7.1 6.3

Connecticut............................................................. 60 106 106 3.6 6.1 6.1

Delaware................................................................ 17 33 24 3.8 6.7 5.0

District of Columbia.................................................... 27 44 36 3.6 5.4 4.6

Florida................................................................... 387 742 621 4.3 7.7 6.4

Georgia.................................................................. 242 425 359 5.1 8.4 7.1

Hawaii................................................................... 32 59 55 5.7 9.3 8.7

Idaho.................................................................... 36 62 53 4.4 7.3 6.2

Illinois.................................................................... 229 457 353 3.9 7.2 5.6

Indiana.................................................................. 145 248 227 4.5 7.4 6.8

Iowa..................................................................... 63 128 95 4.0 7.6 5.7

Kansas.................................................................. 62 104 90 4.3 6.9 6.0

Kentucky................................................................ 93 151 131 4.7 7.4 6.4

Louisiana................................................................ 85 165 118 4.4 8.1 5.9

Maine.................................................................... 26 42 41 4.2 6.3 6.3

Maryland................................................................ 125 241 174 4.5 8.2 6.0

Massachusetts......................................................... 154 319 280 4.4 8.2 7.2

Michigan................................................................ 201 395 313 4.6 8.5 6.8

Minnesota............................................................... 110 259 179 3.8 8.2 5.8

Mississippi.............................................................. 52 90 73 4.4 7.3 5.9

Missouri................................................................. 120 245 210 4.1 7.8 6.8

Montana................................................................. 22 42 35 4.4 7.9 6.7

Nebraska................................................................ 51 80 71 4.9 7.2 6.5

Nevada.................................................................. 59 121 101 4.4 8.1 6.8

New Hampshire........................................................ 32 48 54 4.7 6.8 7.4

New Jersey............................................................. 213 309 280 5.2 7.1 6.4

New Mexico............................................................ 35 72 53 4.2 8.0 6.0

New York............................................................... 328 567 612 3.6 5.9 6.3

North Carolina.......................................................... 198 365 316 4.2 7.4 6.4

North Dakota........................................................... 16 34 28 3.8 7.5 6.2

Ohio..................................................................... 236 437 411 4.2 7.5 7.0

Oklahoma............................................................... 71 133 100 4.2 7.4 5.7

Oregon.................................................................. 99 152 122 5.1 7.4 6.0

Pennsylvania........................................................... 255 428 372 4.3 6.8 6.0

Rhode Island........................................................... 21 40 35 4.2 7.6 6.7

South Carolina......................................................... 108 194 153 4.8 8.2 6.6

South Dakota........................................................... 20 36 29 4.3 7.7 6.1

Tennessee.............................................................. 135 249 218 4.2 7.4 6.5

Texas.................................................................... 548 950 847 4.2 6.8 6.1

Utah..................................................................... 62 128 103 3.8 7.3 5.9

Vermont................................................................. 13 24 21 4.1 7.3 6.5

Virginia.................................................................. 194 298 286 4.7 7.0 6.7

Washington............................................................. 128 226 197 3.8 6.1 5.4

West Virginia........................................................... 40 58 47 5.5 7.6 6.3

Wisconsin............................................................... 120 220 197 4.1 7.0 6.3

Wyoming................................................................ 11 20 17 4.0 6.8 5.9

p Preliminary
Table 7. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Nov.

2020

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

Nov.

2020

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 5,563 6,889 6,245 3.9 4.6 4.2

Alabama................................................................. 84 110 94 4.1 5.3 4.6

Alaska................................................................... 12 14 13 4.1 4.7 4.3

Arizona.................................................................. 113 142 134 3.9 4.7 4.4

Arkansas................................................................ 51 64 53 4.1 5.0 4.1

California................................................................ 577 792 704 3.6 4.7 4.1

Colorado................................................................ 90 122 127 3.4 4.4 4.6

Connecticut............................................................. 50 61 62 3.1 3.7 3.8

Delaware................................................................ 18 23 19 4.0 5.0 4.1

District of Columbia.................................................... 18 24 21 2.5 3.1 2.7

Florida................................................................... 354 506 481 4.1 5.7 5.3

Georgia.................................................................. 183 258 223 4.1 5.6 4.8

Hawaii................................................................... 32 38 38 6.0 6.6 6.6

Idaho.................................................................... 32 38 40 4.1 4.8 5.1

Illinois.................................................................... 220 272 283 3.9 4.6 4.8

Indiana.................................................................. 133 140 140 4.4 4.5 4.5

Iowa..................................................................... 55 64 51 3.6 4.1 3.3

Kansas.................................................................. 45 57 53 3.3 4.0 3.8

Kentucky................................................................ 93 97 102 5.0 5.1 5.3

Louisiana................................................................ 84 113 89 4.6 6.1 4.7

Maine.................................................................... 20 26 21 3.3 4.2 3.5

Maryland................................................................ 119 107 95 4.5 4.0 3.5

Massachusetts......................................................... 103 145 110 3.0 4.0 3.0

Michigan................................................................ 186 206 173 4.5 4.8 4.0

Minnesota............................................................... 79 110 102 2.8 3.8 3.5

Mississippi.............................................................. 52 61 57 4.6 5.3 4.9

Missouri................................................................. 102 121 105 3.6 4.2 3.6

Montana................................................................. 18 25 22 3.9 5.1 4.6

Nebraska................................................................ 43 41 43 4.3 4.0 4.2

Nevada.................................................................. 57 84 65 4.4 6.1 4.7

New Hampshire........................................................ 23 34 30 3.6 5.1 4.6

New Jersey............................................................. 170 173 141 4.4 4.3 3.4

New Mexico............................................................ 24 38 32 3.0 4.6 3.8

New York............................................................... 271 335 301 3.1 3.7 3.3

North Carolina.......................................................... 166 238 205 3.7 5.2 4.4

North Dakota........................................................... 15 20 17 3.7 4.8 4.1

Ohio..................................................................... 232 226 204 4.3 4.2 3.7

Oklahoma............................................................... 61 91 72 3.7 5.5 4.3

Oregon.................................................................. 76 87 82 4.1 4.6 4.3

Pennsylvania........................................................... 192 253 223 3.4 4.3 3.8

Rhode Island........................................................... 18 27 20 3.9 5.5 4.1

South Carolina......................................................... 98 127 120 4.6 5.9 5.5

South Dakota........................................................... 16 18 16 3.6 4.0 3.6

Tennessee.............................................................. 128 172 157 4.2 5.5 5.0

Texas.................................................................... 574 616 595 4.6 4.7 4.5

Utah..................................................................... 57 78 76 3.7 4.8 4.6

Vermont................................................................. 10 14 12 3.5 4.7 3.9

Virginia.................................................................. 168 181 146 4.3 4.6 3.6

Washington............................................................. 94 132 122 2.9 3.8 3.5

West Virginia........................................................... 29 38 30 4.2 5.4 4.2

Wisconsin............................................................... 109 118 113 3.8 4.1 3.9

Wyoming................................................................ 9 12 11 3.5 4.4 4.0

p Preliminary
Table 8. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Nov.

2020

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

Nov.

2020

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 5,116 6,029 5,745 3.6 4.0 3.8

Alabama................................................................. 69 94 97 3.4 4.6 4.7

Alaska................................................................... 20 21 23 6.8 6.8 7.6

Arizona.................................................................. 101 111 117 3.5 3.7 3.8

Arkansas................................................................ 47 62 54 3.7 4.8 4.2

California................................................................ 503 584 524 3.1 3.5 3.1

Colorado................................................................ 133 165 123 5.0 6.0 4.4

Connecticut............................................................. 65 57 74 4.1 3.5 4.5

Delaware................................................................ 18 22 20 4.0 4.8 4.5

District of Columbia.................................................... 17 25 20 2.3 3.2 2.6

Florida................................................................... 272 376 366 3.2 4.2 4.0

Georgia.................................................................. 160 221 242 3.6 4.8 5.2

Hawaii................................................................... 13 22 17 2.5 3.8 2.9

Idaho.................................................................... 37 45 39 4.8 5.7 4.9

Illinois.................................................................... 255 216 242 4.5 3.7 4.1

Indiana.................................................................. 108 129 131 3.5 4.1 4.2

Iowa..................................................................... 51 60 62 3.4 3.8 4.0

Kansas.................................................................. 42 55 54 3.1 3.9 3.9

Kentucky................................................................ 89 93 95 4.7 4.9 5.0

Louisiana................................................................ 71 84 83 3.9 4.5 4.4

Maine.................................................................... 30 28 41 5.0 4.5 6.8

Maryland................................................................ 66 98 93 2.5 3.6 3.4

Massachusetts......................................................... 99 128 125 2.9 3.6 3.5

Michigan................................................................ 199 195 155 4.8 4.6 3.6

Minnesota............................................................... 110 90 115 4.0 3.1 4.0

Mississippi.............................................................. 45 54 48 4.0 4.7 4.2

Missouri................................................................. 97 110 105 3.5 3.8 3.6

Montana................................................................. 28 30 30 5.9 6.2 6.2

Nebraska................................................................ 36 44 39 3.6 4.3 3.8

Nevada.................................................................. 73 69 59 5.7 5.0 4.3

New Hampshire........................................................ 27 29 47 4.1 4.3 7.0

New Jersey............................................................. 171 158 157 4.4 3.9 3.8

New Mexico............................................................ 41 33 33 5.2 4.0 4.0

New York............................................................... 222 275 282 2.5 3.0 3.1

North Carolina.......................................................... 182 236 218 4.1 5.1 4.7

North Dakota........................................................... 23 25 26 5.6 5.8 6.1

Ohio..................................................................... 188 207 184 3.5 3.8 3.4

Oklahoma............................................................... 53 75 72 3.2 4.5 4.3

Oregon.................................................................. 80 84 87 4.3 4.4 4.5

Pennsylvania........................................................... 179 229 217 3.1 3.9 3.7

Rhode Island........................................................... 19 22 27 4.1 4.6 5.4

South Carolina......................................................... 86 123 97 4.1 5.7 4.5

South Dakota........................................................... 17 20 19 4.0 4.6 4.2

Tennessee.............................................................. 104 134 122 3.4 4.3 3.9

Texas.................................................................... 423 545 482 3.4 4.2 3.7

Utah..................................................................... 52 70 69 3.3 4.3 4.2

Vermont................................................................. 15 14 21 5.0 4.6 6.9

Virginia.................................................................. 132 151 123 3.4 3.8 3.1

Washington............................................................. 104 145 102 3.2 4.2 2.9

West Virginia........................................................... 30 36 31 4.3 5.2 4.4

Wisconsin............................................................... 95 112 118 3.3 3.9 4.1

Wyoming................................................................ 20 17 20 7.3 6.2 7.4

p Preliminary
Table 9. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Nov.

2020

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

Nov.

2020

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 2,758 4,282 4,044 1.9 2.9 2.7

Alabama................................................................. 43 65 68 2.1 3.2 3.3

Alaska................................................................... 9 13 16 3.2 4.4 5.2

Arizona.................................................................. 68 84 91 2.3 2.8 3.0

Arkansas................................................................ 30 42 40 2.4 3.2 3.1

California................................................................ 238 409 385 1.5 2.4 2.3

Colorado................................................................ 50 122 84 1.9 4.4 3.0

Connecticut............................................................. 23 37 44 1.4 2.3 2.6

Delaware................................................................ 11 15 16 2.6 3.4 3.4

District of Columbia.................................................... 11 17 15 1.5 2.2 2.0

Florida................................................................... 194 267 268 2.3 3.0 3.0

Georgia.................................................................. 103 149 180 2.3 3.2 3.9

Hawaii................................................................... 7 16 12 1.3 2.8 2.0

Idaho.................................................................... 17 33 26 2.2 4.1 3.2

Illinois.................................................................... 110 162 177 1.9 2.7 3.0

Indiana.................................................................. 62 102 103 2.0 3.3 3.3

Iowa..................................................................... 26 38 37 1.7 2.5 2.4

Kansas.................................................................. 25 41 40 1.8 2.9 2.9

Kentucky................................................................ 52 61 72 2.8 3.2 3.8

Louisiana................................................................ 47 62 61 2.6 3.3 3.2

Maine.................................................................... 14 20 24 2.3 3.2 4.0

Maryland................................................................ 41 68 64 1.6 2.5 2.3

Massachusetts......................................................... 50 88 80 1.5 2.4 2.2

Michigan................................................................ 87 130 117 2.1 3.0 2.7

Minnesota............................................................... 47 66 72 1.7 2.3 2.5

Mississippi.............................................................. 27 39 36 2.4 3.4 3.1

Missouri................................................................. 53 84 79 1.9 2.9 2.7

Montana................................................................. 12 21 19 2.6 4.3 3.9

Nebraska................................................................ 21 31 26 2.1 3.0 2.5

Nevada.................................................................. 32 48 39 2.5 3.5 2.8

New Hampshire........................................................ 12 19 28 1.9 2.8 4.2

New Jersey............................................................. 77 108 93 2.0 2.7 2.3

New Mexico............................................................ 14 22 23 1.8 2.7 2.7

New York............................................................... 103 166 186 1.2 1.8 2.0

North Carolina.......................................................... 114 169 167 2.5 3.7 3.6

North Dakota........................................................... 11 14 17 2.6 3.2 4.0

Ohio..................................................................... 104 149 117 1.9 2.8 2.1

Oklahoma............................................................... 33 53 50 2.0 3.2 3.0

Oregon.................................................................. 32 61 54 1.8 3.2 2.8

Pennsylvania........................................................... 91 153 119 1.6 2.6 2.0

Rhode Island........................................................... 9 15 16 1.8 3.1 3.2

South Carolina......................................................... 63 90 76 3.0 4.2 3.5

South Dakota........................................................... 9 14 12 2.0 3.1 2.8

Tennessee.............................................................. 64 96 95 2.1 3.1 3.0

Texas.................................................................... 271 441 357 2.2 3.4 2.7

Utah..................................................................... 28 47 50 1.8 2.9 3.0

Vermont................................................................. 7 10 13 2.4 3.3 4.2

Virginia.................................................................. 81 111 92 2.1 2.8 2.3

Washington............................................................. 46 104 70 1.4 3.0 2.0

West Virginia........................................................... 18 23 23 2.6 3.3 3.3

Wisconsin............................................................... 50 78 89 1.8 2.7 3.1

Wyoming................................................................ 8 12 13 3.0 4.4 4.7

p Preliminary
Table 10. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Nov.

2020

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

Nov.

2020

Oct.

2021

Nov.

2021p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 2,102 1,373 1,389 1.5 0.9 0.9

Alabama................................................................. 22 22 24 1.1 1.1 1.2

Alaska................................................................... 10 6 6 3.3 1.9 2.0

Arizona.................................................................. 27 23 21 0.9 0.7 0.7

Arkansas................................................................ 14 15 11 1.1 1.2 0.8

California................................................................ 230 126 114 1.4 0.7 0.7

Colorado................................................................ 74 36 29 2.8 1.3 1.0

Connecticut............................................................. 40 17 24 2.5 1.0 1.4

Delaware................................................................ 5 5 4 1.2 1.1 0.8

District of Columbia.................................................... 5 6 4 0.7 0.7 0.5

Florida................................................................... 65 90 89 0.8 1.0 1.0

Georgia.................................................................. 49 59 47 1.1 1.3 1.0

Hawaii................................................................... 6 5 4 1.1 0.8 0.7

Idaho.................................................................... 17 11 11 2.2 1.4 1.3

Illinois.................................................................... 135 49 54 2.4 0.8 0.9

Indiana.................................................................. 40 22 24 1.3 0.7 0.8

Iowa..................................................................... 22 17 22 1.5 1.1 1.4

Kansas.................................................................. 15 10 11 1.1 0.7 0.8

Kentucky................................................................ 33 27 19 1.8 1.4 1.0

Louisiana................................................................ 20 17 18 1.1 0.9 0.9

Maine.................................................................... 15 7 14 2.4 1.1 2.3

Maryland................................................................ 21 22 24 0.8 0.8 0.9

Massachusetts......................................................... 45 31 32 1.3 0.9 0.9

Michigan................................................................ 105 49 34 2.5 1.1 0.8

Minnesota............................................................... 59 19 38 2.1 0.7 1.3

Mississippi.............................................................. 16 12 10 1.4 1.0 0.8

Missouri................................................................. 41 21 20 1.5 0.7 0.7

Montana................................................................. 14 8 9 3.0 1.6 1.9

Nebraska................................................................ 13 10 11 1.3 0.9 1.1

Nevada.................................................................. 32 18 16 2.5 1.3 1.2

New Hampshire........................................................ 13 8 16 2.0 1.2 2.4

New Jersey............................................................. 89 41 49 2.3 1.0 1.2

New Mexico............................................................ 25 8 8 3.1 1.0 1.0

New York............................................................... 100 94 78 1.1 1.0 0.9

North Carolina.......................................................... 60 46 38 1.3 1.0 0.8

North Dakota........................................................... 11 10 8 2.8 2.3 1.8

Ohio..................................................................... 77 48 57 1.4 0.9 1.0

Oklahoma............................................................... 17 16 16 1.1 1.0 1.0

Oregon.................................................................. 44 19 28 2.4 1.0 1.5

Pennsylvania........................................................... 82 64 93 1.4 1.1 1.6

Rhode Island........................................................... 10 6 9 2.0 1.2 1.8

South Carolina......................................................... 20 25 18 0.9 1.1 0.8

South Dakota........................................................... 8 5 6 1.8 1.1 1.3

Tennessee.............................................................. 37 29 22 1.2 0.9 0.7

Texas.................................................................... 136 72 92 1.1 0.6 0.7

Utah..................................................................... 21 18 16 1.3 1.1 1.0

Vermont................................................................. 7 3 7 2.4 1.0 2.2

Virginia.................................................................. 46 30 26 1.2 0.8 0.6

Washington............................................................. 52 32 23 1.6 0.9 0.7

West Virginia........................................................... 10 11 6 1.5 1.6 0.8

Wisconsin............................................................... 38 27 25 1.3 0.9 0.9

Wyoming................................................................ 11 4 6 3.9 1.5 2.3

p Preliminary