For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, August 26, 2014 USDL-14-1605 

Technical information: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

WORKER DISPLACEMENT: 2011-2013 

From January 2011 through December 2013, 4.3 million workers were displaced from jobs they had 

held for at least 3 years, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. This was down from 6.1 

million workers for the prior survey period covering January 2009 to December 2011. In January 2014, 

61 percent of workers displaced from 2011 to 2013 were reemployed, up by 5 percentage points from 

the prior survey in January 2012. 

Since 1984, the Employment and Training Administration of the U.S. Department of Labor has 

sponsored surveys that collect information on workers who were displaced from their jobs. These 

surveys have been conducted biennially as supplements to the Current Population Survey (CPS), a 

monthly survey of households that is the primary source of information on the nation's labor force. 

Displaced workers are defined as persons 20 years of age and older who lost or left jobs because their 

plant or company closed or moved, there was insufficient work for them to do, or their position or shift 

was abolished. The period covered in this study was 2011-13, the 3 calendar years prior to the January 

2014 survey date. Most of this period was characterized by employment growth. The following analysis 

focuses primarily on the 4.3 million persons who had worked for their employer for 3 or more years at 

the time of displacement (referred to as long-tenured). An additional 5.2 million persons were displaced 

from jobs they had held for less than 3 years (referred to as short-tenured). Combining the short- and 

long-tenured groups, the number of displaced workers totaled 9.5 million from 2011 to 2013. In the 

prior survey, which was conducted in January 2012 and covered 2009-11, this group numbered 12.9 

million. 

Highlights from the January 2014 survey include: 

 In January 2014, 61 percent of the 4.3 million long-tenured displaced workers were reemployed, 

up from 56 percent in January 2012 and 49 percent in January 2010. (See table 1.) 

 Thirty-five percent of long-tenured displaced workers from the 2011-13 period cited that they 

lost their job because their plant or company closed down or moved; an additional 33 percent 

cited insufficient work, and 32 percent said their position or shift was abolished. (See table 2.) 

 Eighteen percent of long-tenured displaced workers lost a job in manufacturing. (See table 4.) 
- 2 - 

 Among long-tenured workers who were displaced from full-time wage and salary jobs and were 

reemployed in such jobs in January 2014, 52 percent had earnings that were as much or greater 

than those of their lost job, up from 46 percent in the prior survey. (See table 7.) 

Characteristics of the Displaced 

Sixty-one percent of the 4.3 million long-tenured displaced workers were reemployed at the time of the 

survey in January 2014, up from 56 percent for the January 2012 survey. The proportion unemployed at 

the time of the most recent survey was 21 percent, down from 27 percent in the January 2012 survey and 

from 36 percent in the January 2010 survey. Eighteen percent of long-tenured displaced workers were 

not in the labor force in January 2014, about unchanged from the previous survey. (See table 1.) 

In January 2014, the reemployment rate was 68 percent for workers ages 25 to 54. Reemployment rates 

were lower for older workers. The rates for those ages 55 to 64 and 65 years and over were 53 percent 

and 23 percent, respectively. Among those age 65 and over, 64 percent were no longer in the labor force 

when surveyed, up from 49 percent in the prior survey. 

Among long-tenured displaced workers, men had a higher reemployment rate (64 percent) in January 

2014 than women (58 percent). The reemployment rate for men increased by 3 percentage points from 

the prior survey, and the rate for women rose by 8 percentage points. Displaced men and women were 

about equally likely to be unemployed at the time of the survey in January 2014—22 percent and 20 

percent, respectively. The share of displaced men who had left the labor force, at 14 percent, continued 

to be lower than that for women—22 percent. 

In January 2014, the reemployment rates for long-tenured displaced Hispanics (65 percent), whites (62 

percent), and blacks (55 percent) were higher than in January 2012. The reemployment rate for Asians, 

at 59 percent, changed little from the prior survey. 

Reason for Job Loss and Receipt of Advance Notice 

Of the 4.3 million long-tenured workers displaced during the January 2011 through December 2013 

period, 35 percent lost or left their jobs due to plant or company closings or moves, 33 percent were 

displaced due to insufficient work, and 32 percent were displaced because their position or shift was 

abolished. (See table 2.) 

Forty percent of long-tenured displaced workers in the January 2014 survey received written advance 

notice that their jobs would be terminated, about the same proportion as in the January 2012 survey. 

Workers who lost jobs during the 2011-13 period due to plant or company closings or moves continued 

to be most likely to receive written advance notice. Of this group, 57 percent received such notice. In 

contrast, 35 percent of workers who were displaced because their position or shift was abolished and 28 

percent of those who lost jobs due to insufficient work were notified in advance. For each of these 

groups, reemployment rates were not statistically different for those who received written advanced 

notice and those who did not. (See table 3.) 

Industry and Occupation 

During the 2011-13 period, 765,000 long-tenured manufacturing workers were displaced from their 

jobs—18 percent of all long-tenured displaced workers. Manufacturing displacements occurred mostly 
- 3 - 

in the durable goods component (462,000). Workers in wholesale and retail trade and in professional 

and business services each accounted for 14 percent of all long-tenured displaced. (See table 4.) 

Among the major industry groups, reemployment rates were higher than the overall reemployment rate 

for displaced workers (61 percent) for the following: transportation and utilities (69 percent), leisure and 

hospitality (69 percent), construction (68 percent), and information (67 percent). Workers displaced 

from wholesale and retail trade and from other services were the least likely to be reemployed (58 

percent each). (Workers were not necessarily reemployed in the same industries from which they were 

displaced.) 

 

Reemployment rates differed by major occupation, but were highest for those displaced from 

management, professional, and related occupations (67 percent) and from natural resources, 

construction, and maintenance occupations (66 percent). The rates were lower for those displaced from 

sales and office occupations (56 percent) and production, transportation, and material moving 

occupations (54 percent). Compared with the January 2012 survey, reemployment rates were higher in 

January 2014 for displaced workers from management, professional, and related occupations; service 

occupations; and sales and office occupations. Reemployment rates for workers displaced from the two 

other major occupational groups were similar across the 2014 and 2012 surveys. (See table 5.) 

Geographic Divisions 

The number of long-tenured workers displaced during the 2011-13 period declined from the 2009-11 

period in all geographic divisions of the United States. In January 2014, reemployment rates ranged 

from 74 percent for the New England division to 53 percent for the Middle Atlantic division. (See table 

6.) 

Earnings 

Of the 2.2 million displaced workers who lost full-time wage and salary jobs during the 2011-13 period 

and were reemployed, 1.8 million had full-time wage and salary jobs in January 2014. Of these 

reemployed full-time workers who reported earnings on their lost job, the proportion that were earning 

as much or more than they did at their lost job was 52 percent in January 2014, up from 46 percent in 

January 2012. The proportion who reported earnings losses of 20 percent or more fell to 27 percent in 

January 2014. (See table 7.) 

Total Displaced Workers (With No Tenure Restriction) 

The total number of workers displaced between January 2011 and December 2013 (regardless of how 

long they had held their jobs) was 9.5 million, down by 3.3 million from the 2009-11 survey period. Of 

the total number of workers who lost jobs over the 2011-13 period, 61 percent were reemployed, up 

from 57 percent in the prior survey. The proportion unemployed fell by 4 percentage points to 24 

percent in January 2014. (See table 8.) 
Technical Note 

The data presented in this release were collected 

through a supplement to the January 2014 Current 

Population Survey (CPS), the monthly survey of about 

60,000 eligible households that provides basic data on 

employment and unemployment for the nation. The CPS is 

conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of 

Labor Statistics (BLS). The purpose of this supplement was 

to obtain information on the number and characteristics of 

persons who had been displaced (as defined below) from 

their jobs over the prior 3 calendar years. The collection of 

these data is sponsored by the Department of Labor’s 

Employment and Training Administration. Additional 

information, reports, and archived news releases, 

including the Worker Displacement 2009-2011 news 

release, are available online at 

www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#displaced. 

Data presented in this release are based on Census 

2010 population controls that are updated annually in 

January. For additional information, see "Population control adjustments to the CPS" available on the Internet at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#pop. 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both 

sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather 

than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance 

that the sample estimates may differ from the true 

population values they represent. The component of this 

difference that occurs because samples differ by chance is 

known as sampling error, and its variability is measured by 

the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate 

based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard 

errors from the true population value because of sampling 

error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence. 

The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. 

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including 

the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability 

to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, 

inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct 

information, and errors made in the collection or processing 

of the data. 

Information about the reliability of data from the CPS 

and guidance on estimating standard errors is available at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#reliability. 

Concepts and questions 

Displaced workers are wage and salary workers 20 

years of age and older who lost or left jobs because their 

plant or company closed or moved, there was insufficient 

work for them to do, or their position or shift was 

abolished. Data are often presented for long-tenured 

displaced workers—those who had worked for their 

employer for 3 or more years at the time of displacement. 

Wage and salary workers receive wages, salaries, 

commissions, tips, payment in kind, or piece rates. The 

group includes employees in both the private and public 

sectors but excludes all self-employed persons, both those 

with incorporated businesses as well as those with unincorporated businesses. 

Data discussed in this release on displaced workers 

were obtained from the following questions: 

(This question was asked of all persons 20 years and 

over.) During the last 3 calendar years, that is, January 2011 

through December 2013, did (you/name) lose a job or leave 

one because: (your/his/her) plant or company closed or 

moved, (your/his/her) position or shift was abolished, 

insufficient work, or another similar reason? 

(If the respondent answered "yes" to the above 

question on job loss, the following question was then 

asked.) Which of these specific reasons describes why 

(name/you) (is/are) no longer working at that job? 

Plant or company closed down or moved 

Plant or company operating but lost or left job because of: 

Insufficient work 

Position or shift abolished 

Seasonal job completed 

Self-operated business failed 

Some other reason 

Respondents who provided one of the first three 

reasons—plant or company closed or moved, insufficient 

work, or position or shift abolished—were classified as 

displaced and asked additional questions about the lost job, 

including how many years they had worked for their 

employer; the year the job was lost; the earnings, industry, 

and occupation of the lost job; and whether health insurance 

had been provided. Other questions were asked to determine what occurred before and after the job loss, such as: 

Was the respondent notified of the upcoming dismissal? 

How long did he/she go without work? Did he/she receive 

unemployment benefits? And, if so, were the benefits used 

up? Did the person move to another location after the job 

loss to take or look for another job? Information also was 

collected about current health insurance coverage (other 

than Medicare and Medicaid) and current earnings for those 

employed at the time of the survey. 
Table 1. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by age, sex, race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, and employment

status in January 2014

(Numbers in thousands)

Age, sex, race, and Hispanic

or Latino ethnicity Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

TOTAL

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 4,292 100.0 61.3 20.8 17.9

20 to 24 years ............................................. 91 100.0 58.7 24.6 16.7

25 to 54 years ............................................. 2,897 100.0 68.2 20.2 11.6

55 to 64 years ............................................. 1,004 100.0 53.2 24.3 22.5

65 years and over ....................................... 301 100.0 22.5 13.7 63.7

Men

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 2,390 100.0 64.1 21.6 14.3

20 to 24 years ............................................. 42 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

25 to 54 years ............................................. 1,659 100.0 69.8 21.5 8.7

55 to 64 years ............................................. 525 100.0 57.6 26.2 16.3

65 years and over ....................................... 164 100.0 23.9 8.5 67.6

Women

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 1,902 100.0 57.7 19.9 22.4

20 to 24 years ............................................. 49 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

25 to 54 years ............................................. 1,237 100.0 66.0 18.6 15.4

55 to 64 years ............................................. 479 100.0 48.4 22.3 29.3

65 years and over ....................................... 137 100.0 20.9 20.0 59.1

White

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 3,499 100.0 62.2 20.1 17.6

Men ............................................................. 1,966 100.0 64.4 21.5 14.1

Women ....................................................... 1,533 100.0 59.4 18.5 22.1

Black or African American

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 465 100.0 54.6 30.6 14.8

Men ............................................................. 209 100.0 63.0 26.7 10.3

Women ....................................................... 256 100.0 47.7 33.7 18.5

Asian

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 192 100.0 58.7 15.1 26.2

Men ............................................................. 120 100.0 61.9 18.7 19.5

Women ....................................................... 71 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

 Total, 20 years and over ......................... 685 100.0 64.5 20.7 14.8

Men ............................................................. 413 100.0 70.8 20.6 8.6

Women ....................................................... 273 100.0 54.9 20.9 24.2

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job

they had lost or left between January 2011 and December 2013

because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the

abolishment of their positions or shifts. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African

American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not

presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as

Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
Table 2. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by age, sex, race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, and reason for job loss,

January 2014

(Numbers in thousands)

Age, sex, race, and Hispanic

or Latino ethnicity Total

 Percent distribution by reason for job loss

Total

Plant or

company closed

down or moved

Insufficient work Position or shift

abolished

TOTAL

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 4,292 100.0 35.3 32.6 32.1

20 to 24 years ............................................................... 91 100.0 45.6 33.1 21.3

25 to 54 years ............................................................... 2,897 100.0 35.1 34.6 30.3

55 to 64 years ............................................................... 1,004 100.0 34.2 28.8 37.0

65 years and over ......................................................... 301 100.0 37.1 25.8 37.1

Men

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 2,390 100.0 35.0 37.8 27.2

20 to 24 years ............................................................... 42 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

25 to 54 years ............................................................... 1,659 100.0 35.4 39.7 24.9

55 to 64 years ............................................................... 525 100.0 34.5 31.0 34.5

65 years and over ......................................................... 164 100.0 32.8 39.0 28.3

Women

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 1,902 100.0 35.5 26.1 38.4

20 to 24 years ............................................................... 49 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

25 to 54 years ............................................................... 1,237 100.0 34.7 27.8 37.5

55 to 64 years ............................................................... 479 100.0 33.8 26.4 39.8

65 years and over ......................................................... 137 100.0 42.2 10.1 47.7

White

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 3,499 100.0 35.4 31.1 33.6

Men ............................................................................... 1,966 100.0 36.0 36.3 27.8

Women ......................................................................... 1,533 100.0 34.6 24.4 41.0

Black or African American

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 465 100.0 40.1 38.0 21.8

Men ............................................................................... 209 100.0 41.9 41.7 16.4

Women ......................................................................... 256 100.0 38.7 35.0 26.3

Asian

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 192 100.0 36.2 28.4 35.4

Men ............................................................................... 120 100.0 28.0 39.5 32.5

Women ......................................................................... 71 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

 Total, 20 years and over ........................................... 685 100.0 41.5 40.0 18.4

Men ............................................................................... 413 100.0 46.8 39.6 13.6

Women ......................................................................... 273 100.0 33.7 40.6 25.7

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they

had lost or left between January 2011 and December 2013 because of plant or

company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their

positions or shifts. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African

American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for

all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of

any race.
Table 3. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by whether they received written advance notice, reason for job loss, and

employment status in January 2014

(Numbers in thousands)

Characteristic Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

TOTAL

 Total, 20 years and over 2 .................................................................. 4,292 100.0 61.3 20.8 17.9

Received written advance notice ............................................................ 1,725 100.0 64.1 18.9 17.0

Did not receive written advance notice ................................................... 2,492 100.0 59.3 22.0 18.7

Plant or company closed down or moved

 Total, 20 years and over 2 .................................................................. 1,513 100.0 62.3 19.3 18.4

Received written advance notice ............................................................ 857 100.0 63.5 19.3 17.2

Did not receive written advance notice ................................................... 625 100.0 61.1 18.9 20.0

Insufficient work

 Total, 20 years and over 2 .................................................................. 1,399 100.0 60.0 23.2 16.8

Received written advance notice ............................................................ 387 100.0 64.3 19.4 16.3

Did not receive written advance notice ................................................... 983 100.0 58.0 24.9 17.1

Position or shift abolished

 Total, 20 years and over 2 .................................................................. 1,380 100.0 61.5 20.1 18.5

Received written advance notice ............................................................ 482 100.0 65.0 17.8 17.2

Did not receive written advance notice ................................................... 883 100.0 59.6 21.0 19.5

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had lost or left between January 2011 and December 2013 because of plant or company

closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions or shifts. 2 Includes a small number who did not report information on advance notice.
Table 4. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by industry and class of worker of lost job and employment status in January

2014

(Numbers in thousands)

Industry and class of worker of lost job Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

 Total, 20 years and over 2 ................................................................. 4,292 100.0 61.3 20.8 17.9

Agriculture and related industries wage and salary workers .................. 38 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers .............................. 4,162 100.0 61.9 20.6 17.5

 Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers ................................. 3,906 100.0 61.8 20.7 17.5

 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction ................................. 62 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Construction ................................................................................... 393 100.0 68.4 16.3 15.3

 Manufacturing ................................................................................. 765 100.0 59.3 22.5 18.2

 Durable goods manufacturing .................................................. 462 100.0 63.5 22.1 14.3

 Primary metals and fabricated metal products ...................... 59 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Machinery manufacturing ...................................................... 67 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Computers and electronic products ....................................... 91 100.0 66.6 20.1 13.2

 Electrical equipment and appliances ..................................... 27 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Transportation equipment ...................................................... 99 100.0 63.6 9.5 26.9

 Miscellaneous manufacturing ................................................ 47 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Other durable goods industries ............................................. 72 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Nondurable goods manufacturing ............................................ 304 100.0 52.7 23.1 24.2

 Food manufacturing ............................................................... 82 100.0 39.4 39.0 21.6

 Textiles, apparel, and leather ................................................ 44 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Paper and printing ................................................................. 53 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Other nondurable goods industries ....................................... 124 100.0 61.4 14.2 24.5

 Wholesale and retail trade .............................................................. 593 100.0 57.6 22.8 19.7

 Wholesale trade ......................................................................... 146 100.0 55.3 34.8 9.9

 Retail trade ................................................................................ 446 100.0 58.3 18.8 22.9

 Transportation and utilities 4 ........................................................... 147 100.0 69.4 19.9 10.7

 Transportation and warehousing ............................................... 119 100.0 66.5 23.4 10.1

 Information 4 ................................................................................... 137 100.0 66.6 19.7 13.7

 Telecommunications .................................................................. 39 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Financial activities .......................................................................... 289 100.0 61.0 18.7 20.2

 Finance and insurance .............................................................. 234 100.0 64.1 19.6 16.3

 Finance .................................................................................. 148 100.0 60.1 22.2 17.7

 Insurance ............................................................................... 87 100.0 70.9 15.1 14.0

 Real estate and rental and leasing ............................................ 55 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Professional and business services ............................................... 580 100.0 60.0 19.9 20.1

 Professional and technical services .......................................... 389 100.0 60.8 21.3 17.9

 Management, administrative, and waste services ..................... 190 100.0 58.3 17.0 24.8

 Education and health services ........................................................ 482 100.0 59.9 24.7 15.4

 Educational services .................................................................. 95 100.0 72.5 9.1 18.4

 Health care and social assistance 4 .......................................... 387 100.0 56.8 28.5 14.7

 Hospitals ................................................................................ 106 100.0 52.8 32.0 15.2

 Health services, except hospitals .......................................... 225 100.0 57.3 26.0 16.7

 Leisure and hospitality 4 ................................................................. 304 100.0 69.4 17.5 13.2

 Accommodation and food services 4 ......................................... 237 100.0 71.2 16.0 12.8

 Food services and drinking places ........................................ 219 100.0 72.1 15.9 12.0

 Other services ................................................................................ 146 100.0 57.7 19.6 22.7

 Government wage and salary workers ................................................. 257 100.0 63.5 19.2 17.3

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had

lost or left between January 2011 and December 2013 because of plant or

company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their

positions or shifts.

2 Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and persons who

did not report industry or class of worker, not shown separately. 3 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 4 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Table 5. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by occupation of lost job and employment status in January 2014

(Numbers in thousands)

Occupation of lost job Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

 Total, 20 years and over 2 ................................................... 4,292 100.0 61.3 20.8 17.9

 Management, professional, and related occupations .............. 1,449 100.0 66.6 16.9 16.5

 Management, business, and financial operations

occupations ........................................................................ 669 100.0 66.2 17.9 15.9

 Professional and related occupations .................................... 781 100.0 66.9 16.0 17.0

 Service occupations ................................................................ 521 100.0 63.8 21.4 14.8

 Sales and office occupations ................................................... 1,055 100.0 56.1 24.7 19.1

 Sales and related occupations .............................................. 408 100.0 60.4 19.7 19.9

 Office and administrative support occupations ...................... 647 100.0 53.4 27.9 18.7

 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations ........................................................................ 499 100.0 65.6 19.1 15.3

 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................ 27 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Construction and extraction occupations ............................... 321 100.0 66.1 17.4 16.5

 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ................ 151 100.0 68.2 23.6 8.2

 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 685 100.0 53.9 22.5 23.6

 Production occupations ......................................................... 440 100.0 54.0 24.9 21.1

 Transportation and material moving occupations .................. 245 100.0 53.8 18.1 28.1

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they

had lost or left between January 2011 and December 2013 because of plant

or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their

positions or shifts. 2 Total includes a small number who did not report occupation. 3 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

 NOTE: Beginning with displacement data for January 2012, occupations

reflect the introduction of the 2010 Census occupational classification

system into the Current Population Survey. This classification system is

derived from the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No

historical data have been revised. Data for 2012 are not strictly comparable

with earlier years.
Table 6. Long-tenured displaced workers1 by selected characteristics and area of residence in January 2014

(In thousands)

Characteristic Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Mountain Pacific

Workers who lost jobs

 Total, 20 years and over ........................... 4,292 221 681 668 296 737 206 418 258 807

Men ............................................................... 2,390 122 349 368 130 444 122 236 158 462

Women ......................................................... 1,902 99 332 300 165 294 85 182 100 345

Reason for job loss

Plant or company closed down or moved ..... 1,513 68 212 234 114 270 85 147 106 277

Insufficient work ............................................ 1,399 83 218 208 46 256 83 146 72 289

Position or shift abolished ............................. 1,380 70 251 226 136 212 39 125 80 241

Industry and class of worker of lost job 2

Agriculture and related industries wage and

salary workers ........................................ 38 2 – 9 2 2 10 – 3 10

Nonagricultural industries wage and salary

workers ................................................... 4,162 216 661 653 293 719 197 410 250 764

 Private nonagricultural wage and salary

workers ................................................... 3,906 206 615 617 272 672 193 389 237 705

 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas

extraction ................................................ 62 – – 3 – 9 13 31 4 2

 Construction ......................................... 393 24 32 54 27 79 26 37 27 88

 Manufacturing ....................................... 765 42 91 142 49 134 28 98 26 155

 Durable goods ................................. 462 25 23 99 25 84 19 65 15 105

 Nondurable goods ........................... 304 17 68 42 24 50 9 33 11 50

 Wholesale and retail trade .................... 593 26 93 95 44 102 38 44 43 107

 Transportation and utilities ................... 147 9 15 19 6 49 11 24 3 14

 Information ............................................ 137 5 28 28 9 26 4 4 11 21

 Financial activities ................................ 289 16 41 51 35 45 11 11 19 60

 Professional and business services ..... 580 27 122 73 30 96 22 48 51 111

 Education and health services .............. 482 23 104 93 40 76 18 44 18 67

 Leisure and hospitality .......................... 304 31 73 38 19 32 11 30 22 49

 Other services ...................................... 146 4 17 21 12 21 10 20 12 31

 Government wage and salary workers ....... 257 10 47 36 21 46 4 21 13 59

Employment status

in January 2014

Employed ...................................................... 2,630 163 358 416 205 489 122 249 167 460

Unemployed ................................................. 894 32 178 152 57 113 59 99 49 155

Not in the labor force .................................... 768 26 145 99 34 135 25 70 42 191

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had

lost or left between January 2011 and December 2013 because of plant or

company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their positions

or shifts. 2 Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and persons who did

not report industry or class of worker, not shown separately.

 NOTE: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island,

and Vermont compose the New England Division; New Jersey, New York, and

Pennsylvania compose the Middle Atlantic Division; Illinois, Indiana, Michigan,

Ohio, and Wisconsin compose the East North Central Division; Iowa, Kansas,

Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota compose the

West North Central Division; Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia compose

the South Atlantic Division; Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee

compose the East South Central Division; Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and

Texas compose the West South Central Division; Arizona, Colorado, Idaho,

Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming compose the Mountain

Division; Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington compose the Pacific

Division. Dash represents or rounds to zero.
Table 7. Long-tenured displaced workers1 who lost full-time wage and salary jobs and were reemployed in January 2014

by industry of lost job and characteristics of new job

(In thousands)

Industry and class of worker of lost job

Reemployed in January 2014

Total

Wage and salary workers

Selfemployed

and

unpaid

family

workers

Part

time

Full time

Total 2

Earnings relative to those of lost job

20 percent

or more

below

Below, but

within 20

percent

Equal or

above, but

within 20

percent

20 percent

or more

above

 Total who lost full-time wage and salary jobs 3 ........ 2,220 259 1,783 392 299 468 294 178

Agriculture and related industries wage and salary

workers ................................................................... 8 2 6 – 2 1 – –

Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers .... 2,185 254 1,753 392 292 464 288 178

 Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers ....... 2,077 236 1,673 367 278 453 268 167

 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction ....... 43 – 36 10 2 11 9 6

 Construction ......................................................... 244 14 205 56 19 55 44 24

 Manufacturing ....................................................... 418 36 356 82 78 70 49 26

 Durable goods ................................................. 279 25 240 44 62 51 35 13

 Nondurable goods ........................................... 139 10 116 37 16 19 13 13

 Wholesale and retail trade .................................... 258 28 200 52 35 49 28 30

 Transportation and utilities ................................... 99 5 86 32 12 12 11 8

 Information ............................................................ 87 17 65 8 5 27 9 4

 Financial activities ................................................ 164 5 141 32 40 35 18 18

 Professional and business services ..................... 324 44 263 45 32 91 44 17

 Education and health services .............................. 236 44 173 23 32 59 38 19

 Leisure and hospitality .......................................... 139 34 98 26 8 26 17 8

 Other services ...................................................... 65 7 51 2 15 18 2 6

 Government wage and salary workers ....................... 108 18 79 25 15 11 20 10

1 Data refer to persons who had 3 or more years of tenure on a job they had

lost or left between January 2011 and December 2013 because of plant or

company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the abolishment of their

positions or shifts.

2 Includes about 330,000 persons who did not report earnings on lost job. 3 Includes a small number who did not report industry.

 NOTE: Dash represents or rounds to zero.
Table 8. Total displaced workers1 by selected characteristics and employment status in January 2014

(Numbers in thousands)

Characteristic Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

Workers who lost jobs

 Total, 20 years and over ....................................................... 9,529 100.0 60.8 23.5 15.7

20 to 24 years ........................................................................... 912 100.0 58.5 30.3 11.1

25 to 54 years ........................................................................... 6,661 100.0 65.7 22.1 12.2

55 to 64 years ........................................................................... 1,530 100.0 50.1 27.2 22.7

65 years and over ..................................................................... 426 100.0 27.1 18.2 54.7

 Men, 20 years and over ........................................................ 5,496 100.0 62.8 25.0 12.2

20 to 24 years ........................................................................... 548 100.0 59.3 33.1 7.6

25 to 54 years ........................................................................... 3,862 100.0 67.4 23.6 9.0

55 to 64 years ........................................................................... 831 100.0 53.1 29.5 17.4

65 years and over ..................................................................... 255 100.0 32.9 13.4 53.7

 Women, 20 years and over .................................................. 4,033 100.0 58.1 21.6 20.3

20 to 24 years ........................................................................... 364 100.0 57.3 26.2 16.5

25 to 54 years ........................................................................... 2,798 100.0 63.5 20.1 16.5

55 to 64 years ........................................................................... 699 100.0 46.6 24.5 29.0

65 years and over ..................................................................... 171 100.0 18.6 25.2 56.2

White ........................................................................................ 7,483 100.0 62.2 21.9 15.9

Black or African American ........................................................ 1,260 100.0 53.9 34.2 12.0

Asian ......................................................................................... 425 100.0 56.6 22.4 21.0

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity ....................................................... 1,768 100.0 62.0 24.2 13.8

Reason for job loss

Plant or company closed down or moved ................................. 2,845 100.0 63.4 20.6 16.0

Insufficient work ........................................................................ 4,169 100.0 58.0 26.5 15.5

Position or shift abolished ......................................................... 2,515 100.0 62.4 22.0 15.6

Occupation of lost job 2

 Management, professional, and related occupations .............. 2,706 100.0 69.6 17.2 13.2

 Management, business, and financial operations

occupations ........................................................................ 1,265 100.0 67.6 19.2 13.3

 Professional and related occupations .................................... 1,441 100.0 71.4 15.5 13.1

 Service occupations ................................................................ 1,339 100.0 60.4 22.4 17.2

 Sales and office occupations ................................................... 2,366 100.0 56.0 27.7 16.3

 Sales and related occupations .............................................. 1,047 100.0 58.4 25.7 15.9

 Office and administrative support occupations ...................... 1,319 100.0 54.1 29.4 16.6

 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations ........................................................................ 1,250 100.0 62.6 23.8 13.6

 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................ 74 100.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Construction and extraction occupations ............................... 872 100.0 63.1 23.0 13.9

 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ................ 304 100.0 62.5 28.2 9.3

 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 1,487 100.0 55.2 27.3 17.5

 Production occupations ......................................................... 830 100.0 55.0 27.2 17.8

 Transportation and material moving occupations .................. 656 100.0 55.4 27.4 17.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 8. Total displaced workers1 by selected characteristics and employment status in January 2014

(Numbers in thousands) — Continued

Characteristic Total

Percent distribution by employment status

Total Employed Unemployed Not in the

labor force

Industry and class of worker of lost job 2

Agriculture and related industries wage and salary workers .... 87 100.0 51.8 23.4 24.8

Nonagricultural industries wage and salary workers ................ 9,043 100.0 61.7 23.1 15.2

 Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers ................... 8,540 100.0 61.5 23.3 15.2

 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction ................... 127 100.0 59.5 25.4 15.1

 Construction ..................................................................... 1,034 100.0 63.3 22.1 14.7

 Manufacturing ................................................................... 1,364 100.0 61.9 23.3 14.7

 Durable goods ............................................................. 872 100.0 64.2 22.3 13.5

 Nondurable goods ....................................................... 492 100.0 57.8 25.2 17.0

 Wholesale and retail trade ................................................ 1,309 100.0 57.6 27.5 14.8

 Transportation and utilities ............................................... 377 100.0 66.9 19.0 14.1

 Information ........................................................................ 249 100.0 66.8 23.2 9.9

 Financial activities ............................................................ 617 100.0 62.1 21.2 16.6

 Professional and business services ................................. 1,249 100.0 59.4 24.4 16.2

 Education and health services .......................................... 1,017 100.0 63.0 22.2 14.7

 Leisure and hospitality ...................................................... 858 100.0 64.5 20.0 15.5

 Other services .................................................................. 332 100.0 52.9 27.1 20.0

 Government wage and salary workers ................................... 503 100.0 65.1 20.1 14.8

1 Data refer to all persons (regardless of years of tenure on lost job)

who had lost or left a job between January 2011 and December 2013

because of plant or company closings or moves, insufficient work, or the

abolishment of their positions or shifts. 2 Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers and

persons who did not report occupation, industry, or class of worker, not

shown separately. 3 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000.

 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African

American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not

presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as

Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.

Beginning with displacement data for January 2012, occupations reflect

the introduction of the 2010 Census occupational classification system

into the Current Population Survey. This classification system is derived

from the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical

data have been revised. Data for 2012 are not strictly comparable with

earlier years.