Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-11-1441 

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, October 7, 2011 

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION – SEPTEMBER 2011 

Nonfarm payroll employment edged up by 103,000 in September, and the unemployment rate held at 

9.1 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The increase in employment partially 

reflected the return to payrolls of about 45,000 telecommunications workers who had been on strike in 

August. In September, job gains occurred in professional and business services, health care, and 

construction. Government employment continued to trend down. 

Household Survey Data 

The number of unemployed persons, at 14.0 million, was essentially unchanged in September, and the 

unemployment rate was 9.1 percent. Since April, the rate has held in a narrow range from 9.0 to 9.2 

percent. (See table A-1.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (8.8 percent), adult women 

(8.1 percent), teenagers (24.6 percent), whites (8.0 percent), blacks (16.0 percent), and Hispanics (11.3 

percent) showed little or no change in September. The jobless rate for Asians was 7.8 percent, not 

seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

-600

-400

-200

0

200

400

600

Sep-09 Dec-09 M ar-10 Jun-10 Sep-10 Dec-10 M ar-11 Jun-11 Sep-11

Thousands

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month 

change, seasonally adjusted, September 2009 –

September 2011

Percent

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

Sep-09 Dec-09 M ar-10 Jun-10 Sep-10 Dec-10 M ar-11 Jun-11 Sep-11

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

September 2009 – September 2011
- 2 - 

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks and over) was 6.2 million in 

September. These individuals accounted for 44.6 percent of the unemployed. (See table A-12.) 

Both the labor force and employment increased in September. However, the civilian labor force 

participation rate, at 64.2 percent, and the employment-population ratio, at 58.3 percent, were little 

changed. (See table A-1.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as 

involuntary part-time workers) rose to 9.3 million in September. These individuals were working part 

time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See 

table A-8.) 

In September, about 2.5 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, about the same 

as a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, 

wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They 

were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the 

survey. (See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 1.0 million discouraged workers in September, down by 

172,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not 

currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.5 

million persons marginally attached to the labor force in September had not searched for work in the 4 

weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table 

A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

Total nonfarm payroll employment edged up by 103,000 in September. Since April, payroll 

employment has increased by an average of 72,000 per month, compared with an average of 161,000 for 

the prior 7 months. In September, job gains occurred in professional and business services, health care, 

and construction. Government employment continued to trend down. (See table B-1.) 

Employment in professional and business services increased by 48,000 over the month and has grown 

by 897,000 since a recent low in September 2009. Employment in temporary help services edged up in 

September; this industry has added 53,000 jobs over the past 3 months. In September, employment 

growth continued in computer systems design and in management and technical consulting services. 

Health care employment continued to expand in September, with an increase of 44,000. Within the 

industry, job gains occurred in ambulatory health care services (+26,000) and in hospitals (+13,000). 

Construction employment increased by 26,000 over the month, after showing little movement since 

February. The over-the-month gain was due to employment increases in the nonresidential construction 

industries, which includes heavy and civil construction. Mining employment continued to trend up in 

September. 

Employment in information was up by 34,000 over the month due to the return of about 45,000 

telecommunications workers to payrolls after an August strike. 
- 3 - 

Manufacturing employment changed little in September (-13,000) and has been essentially flat for the 

past 2 months. 

Within retail trade, employment declined in electronic and appliance stores (-9,000) in September. 

Employment in wholesale trade, transportation and warehousing, financial activities, and leisure 

and hospitality changed little. 

Government employment continued to trend down over the month (-34,000). The U.S. Postal Service 

continued to lose jobs (-5,000). Local government employment declined by 35,000 and has fallen by 

535,000 since September 2008. 

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1 hour over the 

month to 34.3 hours following a decrease of 0.1 hour in August. The manufacturing workweek edged 

down by 0.1 hour in September to 40.2 hours. Factory overtime increased by 0.1 hour to 3.2 hours. The 

average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged 

up by 0.1 hour to 33.6 hours in September. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

In September, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 4 

cents, or 0.2 percent, to $23.12. This increase followed a decline of 4 cents in August. Over the past 12 

months, average hourly earnings have increased by 1.9 percent. In September, average hourly earnings 

of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 3 cents, or 0.2 percent, to 

$19.52. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for July was revised from +85,000 to +127,000, and 

the change for August was revised from 0 to +57,000. 

The Employment Situation for October is scheduled to be released on Friday, November 4, 2011, 

at 8:30 a.m. (EDT). 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

Change from:

Aug. 2011-

Sept. 2011

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population............................................ 238,322 239,671 239,871 240,071 200

Civilian labor force............................................................ 154,124 153,228 153,594 154,017 423

Participation rate........................................................... 64.7 63.9 64.0 64.2 0.2

Employed.................................................................... 139,378 139,296 139,627 140,025 398

Employment-population ratio........................................... 58.5 58.1 58.2 58.3 0.1

Unemployed................................................................. 14,746 13,931 13,967 13,992 25

Unemployment rate..................................................... 9.6 9.1 9.1 9.1 0.0

Not in labor force............................................................. 84,198 86,443 86,278 86,054 -224

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over....................................................... 9.6 9.1 9.1 9.1 0.0

Adult men (20 years and over).............................................. 9.7 9.0 8.9 8.8 -0.1

Adult women (20 years and over).......................................... 8.0 7.9 8.0 8.1 0.1

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................. 26.0 25.0 25.4 24.6 -0.8

White........................................................................... 8.7 8.1 8.0 8.0 0.0

Black or African American................................................... 16.1 15.9 16.7 16.0 -0.7

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................. 6.4 7.7 7.1 7.8 –

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.................................................. 12.5 11.3 11.3 11.3 0.0

Total, 25 years and over....................................................... 8.3 7.8 7.8 7.8 0.0

Less than a high school diploma........................................... 15.4 15.0 14.3 14.0 -0.3

High school graduates, no college......................................... 10.0 9.3 9.6 9.7 0.1

Some college or associate degree......................................... 9.1 8.3 8.2 8.4 0.2

Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................... 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.2 -0.1

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs................... 9,286 8,215 8,203 8,121 -82

Job leavers....................................................................... 809 928 963 967 4

Reentrants........................................................................ 3,441 3,410 3,532 3,504 -28

New entrants..................................................................... 1,193 1,270 1,241 1,327 86

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks.............................................................. 2,872 2,689 2,755 2,772 17

5 to 14 weeks.................................................................... 3,329 3,088 3,050 2,904 -146

15 to 26 weeks.................................................................. 2,364 1,965 2,239 2,086 -153

27 weeks and over.............................................................. 6,153 6,185 6,034 6,242 208

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons............................................... 9,506 8,396 8,826 9,270 444

Slack work or business conditions.......................................... 6,732 5,687 5,833 5,963 130

Could only find part-time work.............................................. 2,478 2,517 2,736 2,852 116

Part time for noneconomic reasons........................................... 18,256 18,258 18,208 18,308 100

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force........................................ 2,548 2,785 2,575 2,511 –

Discouraged workers......................................................... 1,209 1,119 977 1,037 –

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -29 127 57 103

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 173 42 137

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -6 53 -9 18

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 9 2 5

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -6 10 -7 26

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -6 34 -4 -13

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 25 -8 -8

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.2 8.3 -6.4 0.3

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -9 9 4 -5

Private service-providing1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 120 51 119

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 0.3 2.8 -5.9

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.7 28.5 -0.8 13.6

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 -5.8 0.2 -1.9

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -10 -5 -51 34

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 -3 5 -8

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 39 38 48

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.9 13.5 20.3 19.4

Education and health services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 54 38 45

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 37.4 34.1 40.8

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 15 10 -4

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 -3 8 -3

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -138 -46 15 -34

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.7 49.4 49.4 49.4

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.2 47.9 47.9 47.9

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.4 82.4 82.4 82.5

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.2 34.3 34.2 34.3

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 22.70 $ 23.12 $ 23.08 $ 23.12

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 776.34 $793.02 $789.34 $793.02

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.2 93.8 93.6 94.0

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.4

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.8 103.5 103.0 103.6

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 0.7 -0.5 0.6

HOURS AND EARNINGS

PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.5 33.6 33.5 33.6

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 19.14 $ 19.49 $ 19.49 $ 19.52

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 641.19 $654.86 $652.92 $655.87

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.2 101.0 100.8 101.2

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.4

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126.9 131.5 131.2 132.0

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 0.5 -0.2 0.6

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.9 61.4 55.6 55.4

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.4 60.5 48.8 46.3

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing

industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance

between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment 

and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller 

margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of 

its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically 

significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the 

household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than 

the establishment survey because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural 

workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household 

survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. 

Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it 

is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not 

collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify 

the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born. 

Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. 

The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information 

on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm. 

Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with 

fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the 

total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled 

to achieve that goal. 

Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment 

change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that 

forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the 

net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The 
 

establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not 

immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth 

of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new 

businesses to the survey twice a year. 

Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance 

benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who 

are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People 

on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or 

question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including 

those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In 

addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and 

other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in The Employment 

Situation news release. 

How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? 

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. 

Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay for 

holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but 

not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off 

work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such as 

those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment, employees have to 

be off work without pay for the entire pay period. About half of all employees in the payroll survey have 

a 2-week, semi-monthly, or monthly pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay 

period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to quantify the 

effect of extreme weather on estimates of employment from the establishment survey. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of the 

month. Persons who miss the entire week’s work for weather-related events are counted as employed 

whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the number of 

persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours, or had a job but were not at work the entire 

week, due to bad weather. Current and historical data are available on the household survey’s most 

requested statistics page at http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln. 
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) 

and the Current Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment 

that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD 

DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households 

conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau 

of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. The sample includes about 

140,000 businesses and government agencies representing 

approximately 440,000 worksites and is drawn from a sampling frame of roughly 9 million unemployment insurance 

tax accounts. The active sample includes approximately 

one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that 

contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment 

survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 

12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the 

calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment 

sometime during the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting 

recall need not be looking for work to be counted as 

unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the 

household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for 

or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or 

unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment 

rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor 

force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force 

as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. 

Additional information about the household survey can be 

found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are 

counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are 

produced for the private sector for all employees and for 

production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and 

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and 

logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal activity in accordance with the 2007 

version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/#technical. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between 

the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from 

the surveys. Among these are: 

 The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, the self-employed, unpaid family 

workers, and private household workers among the 

employed. These groups are excluded from the 

establishment survey. 

 The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not. 

 The household survey is limited to workers 16 

years of age and older. The establishment survey is 

not limited by age. 

 The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance. 

 
Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, 

and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal 

developments, such as declines in employment or increases 

in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to 

spot. For example, in the household survey, the large 

number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely 

to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative 

to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of 

economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the 

establishment survey, payroll employment in education 

declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term 

and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the 

underlying employment trends in the industry. Because 

seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of 

the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be 

adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more 

discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more 

useful tool with which to analyze changes in month-tomonth economic activity. 

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, 

such as total payroll employment, employment in most 

major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are 

computed by aggregating independently adjusted 

component series. For example, total unemployment is 

derived by summing the adjusted series for four major agesex components; this differs from the unemployment 

estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the 

total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more 

detailed age categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling 

error. When a sample rather than the entire population is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the "true" population values they represent. The 

exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the 

particular sample selected, and this variability is measured 

by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate 

based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard 

errors from the "true" population value because of sampling 

error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the 

establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 

100,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment 

increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-

percent confidence interval on the monthly change would 

range from -50,000 to +150,000 (50,000 +/- 100,000). 

These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by 

these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent 

chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within 

this interval. Since this range includes values of less than 

zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm 

employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, 

the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then 

all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval 

would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least 

a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, 

risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 

percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly 

change in unemployment as measured by the household 

survey is about +/- 280,000, and for the monthly change in 

the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.19 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, 

such as for quarterly and annual averages. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all 

respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide correct information on a timely 

basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in 

the collection or processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates 

for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete 

returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled 

preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive 

revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample 

reports have been received, that the estimate is considered 

final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 

account for business births. The first component excludes 
employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment 

gains from business births. This is incorporated into the 

sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting 

sample units going out of business, but imputing to them 

the same employment trend as the other firms in the 

sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net 

birth/death employment. 

The second component is an ARIMA time series 

model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death 

employment not accounted for by the imputation. The 

historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA 

model was derived from the unemployment insurance 

universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual 

residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough 

proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also 

incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over 

the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total 

nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a 

range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Sept.

2010

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

May

2011

June

2011

July

2011

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238,322 239,871 240,071 238,322 239,313 239,489 239,671 239,871 240,071

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153,854 154,344 154,022 154,124 153,693 153,421 153,228 153,594 154,017

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.6 64.3 64.2 64.7 64.2 64.1 63.9 64.0 64.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,715 140,335 140,502 139,378 139,779 139,334 139,296 139,627 140,025

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.6 58.5 58.5 58.5 58.4 58.2 58.1 58.2 58.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,140 14,008 13,520 14,746 13,914 14,087 13,931 13,967 13,992

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 9.1 8.8 9.6 9.1 9.2 9.1 9.1 9.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,468 85,528 86,049 84,198 85,620 86,069 86,443 86,278 86,054

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,949 6,493 5,929 6,236 6,227 6,537 6,575 6,493 6,241

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,433 116,453 116,559 115,433 116,156 116,250 116,347 116,453 116,559

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,845 82,612 82,011 82,165 81,989 81,966 81,751 81,975 82,123

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.9 70.9 70.4 71.2 70.6 70.5 70.3 70.4 70.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,959 75,190 74,821 73,594 74,177 74,014 73,908 74,122 74,364

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.1 64.6 64.2 63.8 63.9 63.7 63.5 63.6 63.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,886 7,422 7,189 8,571 7,811 7,952 7,844 7,853 7,758

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 9.0 8.8 10.4 9.5 9.7 9.6 9.6 9.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,588 33,842 34,549 33,268 34,168 34,284 34,596 34,478 34,436

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106,887 107,884 107,994 106,887 107,566 107,668 107,773 107,884 107,994

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79,081 79,362 79,224 79,289 79,193 79,104 78,906 79,043 79,227

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.0 73.6 73.4 74.2 73.6 73.5 73.2 73.3 73.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,978 72,795 72,796 71,559 72,137 71,937 71,836 72,015 72,276

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.3 67.5 67.4 66.9 67.1 66.8 66.7 66.8 66.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,103 6,567 6,427 7,729 7,056 7,167 7,070 7,028 6,952

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0 8.3 8.1 9.7 8.9 9.1 9.0 8.9 8.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,806 28,522 28,771 27,599 28,373 28,564 28,867 28,841 28,767

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,889 123,418 123,512 122,889 123,157 123,239 123,324 123,418 123,512

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,009 71,732 72,011 71,959 71,704 71,455 71,476 71,619 71,894

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.6 58.1 58.3 58.6 58.2 58.0 58.0 58.0 58.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,755 65,145 65,680 65,784 65,602 65,320 65,388 65,505 65,661

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.5 52.8 53.2 53.5 53.3 53.0 53.0 53.1 53.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,254 6,587 6,331 6,175 6,102 6,134 6,088 6,114 6,233

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 9.2 8.8 8.6 8.5 8.6 8.5 8.5 8.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,880 51,686 51,501 50,930 51,453 51,784 51,847 51,800 51,618

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,596 115,238 115,338 114,596 114,954 115,045 115,138 115,238 115,338

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,269 68,617 69,266 69,082 68,908 68,618 68,666 68,771 69,019

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.4 59.5 60.1 60.3 59.9 59.6 59.6 59.7 59.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,653 62,746 63,529 63,562 63,402 63,098 63,216 63,300 63,398

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.5 54.4 55.1 55.5 55.2 54.8 54.9 54.9 55.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,616 5,870 5,737 5,520 5,505 5,520 5,450 5,472 5,622

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 8.6 8.3 8.0 8.0 8.0 7.9 8.0 8.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,327 46,622 46,072 45,514 46,047 46,427 46,472 46,467 46,318

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,839 16,749 16,739 16,839 16,792 16,776 16,760 16,749 16,739

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,504 6,365 5,532 5,754 5,592 5,698 5,656 5,779 5,770

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.7 38.0 33.1 34.2 33.3 34.0 33.7 34.5 34.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,084 4,794 4,177 4,256 4,240 4,299 4,244 4,312 4,352

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.3 28.6 25.0 25.3 25.2 25.6 25.3 25.7 26.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,421 1,571 1,356 1,497 1,352 1,399 1,412 1,467 1,418

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.8 24.7 24.5 26.0 24.2 24.5 25.0 25.4 24.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,334 10,384 11,206 11,085 11,201 11,078 11,104 10,970 10,969

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Sept.

2010

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

May

2011

June

2011

July

2011

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192,391 193,236 193,365 192,391 192,877 192,989 193,106 193,236 193,365

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,273 125,146 124,812 125,333 124,811 124,493 124,503 124,563 124,702

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.1 64.8 64.5 65.1 64.7 64.5 64.5 64.5 64.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,900 115,268 115,266 114,433 114,785 114,358 114,420 114,631 114,751

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.7 59.7 59.6 59.5 59.5 59.3 59.3 59.3 59.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,373 9,878 9,545 10,899 10,026 10,135 10,083 9,932 9,951

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 7.9 7.6 8.7 8.0 8.1 8.1 8.0 8.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,118 68,090 68,553 67,058 68,066 68,496 68,603 68,673 68,662

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,424 65,335 65,290 65,579 65,335 65,203 65,099 65,105 65,269

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.6 74.0 73.9 74.8 74.2 74.0 73.8 73.7 73.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,102 60,714 60,648 59,759 60,168 59,943 59,929 60,108 60,235

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.5 68.8 68.6 68.1 68.3 68.0 67.9 68.1 68.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,321 4,622 4,642 5,820 5,167 5,261 5,170 4,997 5,034

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 7.1 7.1 8.9 7.9 8.1 7.9 7.7 7.7

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,212 54,525 54,949 54,961 54,912 54,633 54,696 54,655 54,706

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.1 59.2 59.6 59.8 59.7 59.4 59.4 59.3 59.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,231 50,405 51,002 51,000 50,999 50,775 50,866 50,826 50,795

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.8 54.7 55.3 55.5 55.5 55.2 55.2 55.2 55.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,981 4,119 3,947 3,961 3,914 3,858 3,830 3,828 3,911

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 7.6 7.2 7.2 7.1 7.1 7.0 7.0 7.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,637 5,286 4,573 4,793 4,563 4,657 4,708 4,803 4,728

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.1 41.3 35.8 37.3 35.6 36.3 36.8 37.5 37.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,566 4,149 3,616 3,674 3,619 3,640 3,625 3,697 3,722

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.8 32.4 28.3 28.6 28.2 28.4 28.3 28.9 29.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,071 1,137 956 1,119 945 1,017 1,083 1,106 1,006

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.1 21.5 20.9 23.3 20.7 21.8 23.0 23.0 21.3

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,794 29,158 29,193 28,794 29,063 29,093 29,123 29,158 29,193

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,716 18,083 18,051 17,777 17,750 17,733 17,582 17,930 18,103

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.5 62.0 61.8 61.7 61.1 61.0 60.4 61.5 62.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,891 15,011 15,186 14,920 14,870 14,855 14,786 14,941 15,209

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.7 51.5 52.0 51.8 51.2 51.1 50.8 51.2 52.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,826 3,072 2,865 2,857 2,880 2,877 2,796 2,989 2,893

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.9 17.0 15.9 16.1 16.2 16.2 15.9 16.7 16.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,078 11,075 11,142 11,017 11,313 11,360 11,541 11,229 11,091

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,017 8,207 8,108 8,066 8,056 8,111 8,044 8,151 8,146

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.7 68.9 68.0 69.1 68.0 68.3 67.7 68.4 68.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,699 6,790 6,830 6,661 6,645 6,736 6,680 6,682 6,774

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.4 57.0 57.3 57.1 56.1 56.7 56.2 56.1 56.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,318 1,417 1,279 1,405 1,411 1,375 1,364 1,469 1,372

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.4 17.3 15.8 17.4 17.5 17.0 17.0 18.0 16.8

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,154 9,189 9,348 9,101 9,056 8,953 8,945 9,153 9,291

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.2 62.7 63.7 62.9 62.0 61.2 61.1 62.4 63.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,914 7,858 8,027 7,948 7,847 7,718 7,745 7,923 8,064

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.7 53.6 54.7 54.9 53.7 52.8 52.9 54.0 54.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,239 1,331 1,320 1,152 1,210 1,235 1,200 1,230 1,227

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.5 14.5 14.1 12.7 13.4 13.8 13.4 13.4 13.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545 687 595 611 638 669 594 626 665

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.6 26.6 23.1 23.1 24.5 25.8 22.9 24.2 25.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 363 329 310 378 402 361 335 371

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.5 14.0 12.7 11.7 14.5 15.5 13.9 13.0 14.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268 324 266 300 260 267 233 291 294

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.1 47.2 44.8 49.2 40.7 39.9 39.2 46.5 44.2

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,283 11,454 11,523 – – – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Sept.

2010

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

May

2011

June

2011

July

2011

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,197 7,305 7,360 – – – – – –

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.8 63.8 63.9 – – – – – –

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,734 6,788 6,784 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.7 59.3 58.9 – – – – – –

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463 517 577 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 7.1 7.8 – – – – – –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,087 4,149 4,162 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Sept.

2010

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

May

2011

June

2011

July

2011

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population.................. 33,927 34,555 34,640 33,927 34,311 34,391 34,470 34,555 34,640

Civilian labor force................................. 22,918 23,045 23,058 22,896 22,739 22,816 22,741 22,917 22,993

Participation rate................................. 67.6 66.7 66.6 67.5 66.3 66.3 66.0 66.3 66.4

Employed......................................... 20,191 20,484 20,569 20,042 20,025 20,164 20,171 20,332 20,389

Employment-population ratio................ 59.5 59.3 59.4 59.1 58.4 58.6 58.5 58.8 58.9

Unemployed...................................... 2,728 2,562 2,488 2,854 2,715 2,653 2,570 2,585 2,604

Unemployment rate........................... 11.9 11.1 10.8 12.5 11.9 11.6 11.3 11.3 11.3

Not in labor force................................... 11,009 11,510 11,582 11,031 11,571 11,574 11,728 11,638 11,647

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 13,121 13,118 13,112 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 83.0 82.0 81.7 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 11,664 11,949 11,887 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 73.8 74.7 74.1 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 1,457 1,169 1,225 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 11.1 8.9 9.3 – – – – – –

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 8,865 8,919 9,000 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 59.6 58.9 59.3 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 7,883 7,903 7,993 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 53.0 52.2 52.7 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 982 1,015 1,007 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 11.1 11.4 11.2 – – – – – –

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................. 933 1,009 946 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 28.7 29.6 27.7 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 643 631 689 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 19.8 18.5 20.2 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 289 378 257 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 31.0 37.4 27.1 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release

of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2010

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

May

2011

June

2011

July

2011

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................... 11,834 11,662 11,840 11,828 11,442 11,392 11,704 11,664 11,738

Participation rate.................................... 46.7 46.7 46.9 46.7 45.1 45.0 46.9 46.7 46.5

Employed............................................ 10,143 10,115 10,303 10,003 9,757 9,768 9,952 10,002 10,092

Employment-population ratio................... 40.0 40.5 40.8 39.5 38.5 38.6 39.9 40.0 40.0

Unemployed......................................... 1,691 1,547 1,536 1,824 1,685 1,624 1,752 1,663 1,646

Unemployment rate.............................. 14.3 13.3 13.0 15.4 14.7 14.3 15.0 14.3 14.0

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................... 37,982 36,862 37,210 38,151 37,653 37,612 37,505 36,956 37,319

Participation rate.................................... 61.6 59.9 60.4 61.9 60.4 60.6 60.6 60.0 60.5

Employed............................................ 34,460 33,536 33,841 34,331 34,072 33,836 34,006 33,425 33,686

Employment-population ratio................... 55.9 54.5 54.9 55.7 54.6 54.5 54.9 54.3 54.7

Unemployed......................................... 3,521 3,327 3,369 3,820 3,581 3,775 3,499 3,531 3,632

Unemployment rate.............................. 9.3 9.0 9.1 10.0 9.5 10.0 9.3 9.6 9.7

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................... 36,988 37,132 37,172 37,115 36,780 36,786 36,686 37,013 37,164

Participation rate.................................... 70.3 69.4 69.5 70.5 69.7 69.8 68.9 69.2 69.5

Employed............................................ 33,750 33,969 34,072 33,746 33,852 33,708 33,657 33,975 34,031

Employment-population ratio................... 64.1 63.5 63.7 64.1 64.1 63.9 63.2 63.5 63.7

Unemployed......................................... 3,239 3,163 3,101 3,369 2,928 3,079 3,028 3,038 3,133

Unemployment rate.............................. 8.8 8.5 8.3 9.1 8.0 8.4 8.3 8.2 8.4

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................... 46,573 46,800 47,021 46,488 46,925 46,963 46,680 46,813 46,915

Participation rate.................................... 76.6 76.0 76.4 76.5 77.5 76.8 76.1 76.0 76.2

Employed............................................ 44,488 44,648 45,048 44,405 44,807 44,894 44,677 44,808 44,931

Employment-population ratio................... 73.2 72.5 73.2 73.0 74.0 73.4 72.9 72.7 73.0

Unemployed......................................... 2,084 2,152 1,973 2,083 2,118 2,069 2,003 2,005 1,985

Unemployment rate.............................. 4.5 4.6 4.2 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.2

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2011

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,933 21,528 20,142 19,724 1,791 1,804

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,683 11,310 10,590 10,200 1,093 1,109

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.3 52.5 52.6 51.7 61.0 61.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,746 10,394 9,743 9,393 1,003 1,002

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.0 48.3 48.4 47.6 56.0 55.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 937 916 847 808 90 108

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.0 8.1 8.0 7.9 8.2 9.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,250 10,218 9,552 9,524 698 695

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,228 2,451 1,828 2,042 399 409

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,857 2,017 1,575 1,712 282 305

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.3 82.3 86.1 83.8 70.6 74.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,666 1,781 1,411 1,521 256 260

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.8 72.7 77.1 74.5 64.1 63.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 235 164 191 26 45

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.2 11.7 10.4 11.1 9.2 14.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371 434 254 330 117 104

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,966 2,980 2,525 2,520 441 460

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,515 2,474 2,199 2,147 316 327

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.8 83.0 87.1 85.2 71.7 71.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,347 2,295 2,057 1,987 289 308

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.1 77.0 81.5 78.9 65.6 67.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 179 142 160 27 19

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 7.2 6.4 7.4 8.6 5.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451 506 326 373 125 133

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,911 10,346 10,547 10,016 364 331

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,984 3,491 3,870 3,405 115 86

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.5 33.7 36.7 34.0 31.5 26.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,649 3,256 3,545 3,177 104 79

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.4 31.5 33.6 31.7 28.6 23.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336 235 325 229 10 7

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4 6.7 8.4 6.7 9.1 8.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,927 6,855 6,677 6,610 250 245

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,828 5,751 5,241 5,146 587 605

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,326 3,328 2,946 2,936 380 392

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.1 57.9 56.2 57.1 64.8 64.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,084 3,062 2,730 2,707 354 354

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.9 53.2 52.1 52.6 60.4 58.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 266 216 229 26 37

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 8.0 7.3 7.8 6.9 9.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,502 2,423 2,295 2,210 207 213

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207,224 209,678 90,661 92,251 116,563 117,427

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,190 140,784 70,272 70,876 69,918 69,908

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.7 67.1 77.5 76.8 60.0 59.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127,552 128,657 63,543 64,737 64,009 63,920

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.6 61.4 70.1 70.2 54.9 54.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,638 12,127 6,728 6,139 5,909 5,988

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0 8.6 9.6 8.7 8.5 8.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,034 68,894 20,390 21,375 46,645 47,519

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S.

Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August

2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time

periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and

another period are classified only in the wartime period. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2011

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population....................................................... 26,380 27,355 211,942 212,716

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 5,698 5,770 148,156 148,252

Participation rate...................................................................... 21.6 21.1 69.9 69.7

Employed.............................................................................. 4,854 4,843 134,860 135,659

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 18.4 17.7 63.6 63.8

Unemployed........................................................................... 844 927 13,296 12,593

Unemployment rate................................................................ 14.8 16.1 9.0 8.5

Not in labor force........................................................................ 20,682 21,585 63,786 64,464

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,591 2,614 75,484 75,322

Participation rate...................................................................... 35.7 34.7 82.7 82.4

Employed.............................................................................. 2,198 2,135 68,236 68,879

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 30.3 28.3 74.7 75.3

Unemployed........................................................................... 393 479 7,247 6,443

Unemployment rate................................................................ 15.2 18.3 9.6 8.6

Not in labor force........................................................................ 4,671 4,926 15,840 16,097

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,341 2,251 66,551 66,608

Participation rate...................................................................... 32.2 30.6 71.1 71.0

Employed.............................................................................. 1,949 1,897 60,882 60,855

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 26.8 25.8 65.0 64.9

Unemployed........................................................................... 393 353 5,669 5,753

Unemployment rate................................................................ 16.8 15.7 8.5 8.6

Not in labor force........................................................................ 4,923 5,113 27,044 27,202

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 766 905 6,121 6,321

Participation rate...................................................................... 6.5 7.3 22.7 23.0

Employed.............................................................................. 707 810 5,741 5,924

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 6.0 6.5 21.2 21.6

Unemployed........................................................................... 58 95 380 397

Unemployment rate................................................................ 7.6 10.5 6.2 6.3

Not in labor force........................................................................ 11,088 11,547 20,902 21,164

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing

even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition;

has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or

shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2011

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 36,097 36,657 18,054 18,125 18,043 18,531

Civilian labor force................................................... 24,488 24,447 14,437 14,330 10,051 10,117

Participation rate................................................... 67.8 66.7 80.0 79.1 55.7 54.6

Employed........................................................... 22,226 22,224 13,116 13,135 9,110 9,090

Employment-population ratio.................................. 61.6 60.6 72.6 72.5 50.5 49.1

Unemployed........................................................ 2,262 2,222 1,322 1,195 940 1,027

Unemployment rate............................................. 9.2 9.1 9.2 8.3 9.4 10.2

Not in labor force..................................................... 11,609 12,210 3,617 3,795 7,992 8,415

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 202,225 203,415 97,379 98,434 104,846 104,981

Civilian labor force................................................... 129,366 129,575 67,408 67,681 61,958 61,895

Participation rate................................................... 64.0 63.7 69.2 68.8 59.1 59.0

Employed........................................................... 117,488 118,277 60,843 61,687 56,645 56,591

Employment-population ratio.................................. 58.1 58.1 62.5 62.7 54.0 53.9

Unemployed........................................................ 11,878 11,298 6,564 5,994 5,313 5,304

Unemployment rate............................................. 9.2 8.7 9.7 8.9 8.6 8.6

Not in labor force..................................................... 72,859 73,839 29,971 30,753 42,887 43,086

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or

one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the

United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2010

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

May

2011

June

2011

July

2011

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................... 2,203 2,531 2,281 2,172 2,243 2,217 2,245 2,355 2,267

Wage and salary workers1....................... 1,370 1,606 1,409 1,310 1,391 1,383 1,419 1,475 1,380

Self-employed workers, unincorporated......... 802 879 839 798 822 829 810 843 839

Unpaid family workers............................. 31 46 33 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries............................ 137,512 137,804 138,221 137,266 137,551 137,035 136,837 137,146 137,840

Wage and salary workers1

....................... 128,565 129,042 129,756 128,438 128,803 128,437 128,393 128,552 129,606

Government...................................... 20,828 19,709 20,569 20,855 20,309 20,318 20,302 20,286 20,568

Private industries................................ 107,737 109,333 109,187 107,451 108,505 108,209 108,070 108,275 108,742

Private households............................ 597 769 756 – – – – – –

Other industries............................... 107,139 108,564 108,431 106,859 107,727 107,511 107,319 107,556 107,992

Self-employed workers, unincorporated......... 8,878 8,695 8,411 8,752 8,655 8,543 8,525 8,551 8,334

Unpaid family workers............................. 69 66 55 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3................... 8,628 8,604 8,541 9,506 8,548 8,552 8,396 8,826 9,270

Slack work or business conditions............... 6,072 5,593 5,497 6,732 5,834 5,806 5,687 5,833 5,963

Could only find part-time work.................... 2,306 2,579 2,766 2,478 2,473 2,401 2,517 2,736 2,852

Part time for noneconomic reasons4.............. 18,579 16,535 18,647 18,256 18,468 18,470 18,258 18,208 18,308

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3

................... 8,540 8,463 8,423 9,380 8,400 8,400 8,218 8,670 9,112

Slack work or business conditions............... 6,020 5,492 5,410 6,649 5,731 5,704 5,569 5,732 5,864

Could only find part-time work.................... 2,286 2,554 2,749 2,454 2,444 2,341 2,466 2,720 2,868

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 18,259 16,153 18,249 17,911 18,126 18,151 17,880 17,813 17,877

1 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the

entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions,

inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training,

retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during

the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2010

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

May

2011

June

2011

July

2011

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,715 140,335 140,502 139,378 139,779 139,334 139,296 139,627 140,025

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,084 4,794 4,177 4,256 4,240 4,299 4,244 4,312 4,352

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,417 1,573 1,450 1,405 1,249 1,358 1,343 1,341 1,414

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,667 3,222 2,727 2,857 2,982 2,945 2,890 2,981 2,944

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135,631 135,541 136,325 135,121 135,539 135,035 135,052 135,315 135,673

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,790 13,273 13,061 12,825 12,970 12,911 12,860 12,895 13,072

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,841 122,268 123,264 122,254 122,641 122,175 122,228 122,447 122,610

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94,535 93,608 93,920 94,076 93,919 93,505 93,550 93,568 93,460

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,474 30,789 30,750 30,321 30,627 30,416 30,322 30,635 30,587

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,713 30,021 30,228 30,538 30,302 30,197 30,249 30,017 30,053

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,348 32,798 32,941 33,217 32,989 32,892 32,979 32,916 32,819

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,305 28,660 29,345 28,178 28,722 28,670 28,677 28,880 29,150

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,959 75,190 74,821 73,594 74,177 74,014 73,908 74,122 74,364

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,981 2,395 2,025 2,035 2,040 2,077 2,072 2,107 2,089

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 673 760 692 662 594 646 652 629 674

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,308 1,635 1,334 1,371 1,446 1,451 1,429 1,492 1,418

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,978 72,795 72,796 71,559 72,137 71,937 71,836 72,015 72,276

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,536 7,053 6,874 6,533 6,756 6,754 6,711 6,747 6,858

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,442 65,742 65,923 65,005 65,448 65,193 65,163 65,289 65,429

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,641 50,480 50,373 50,306 50,358 50,096 50,018 50,019 50,022

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,590 16,917 16,852 16,436 16,747 16,607 16,481 16,674 16,686

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,659 16,342 16,395 16,547 16,421 16,365 16,371 16,226 16,277

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,392 17,221 17,127 17,324 17,189 17,124 17,167 17,118 17,059

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,802 15,261 15,549 14,699 15,090 15,097 15,146 15,271 15,407

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,755 65,145 65,680 65,784 65,602 65,320 65,388 65,505 65,661

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,103 2,399 2,152 2,221 2,200 2,222 2,172 2,205 2,263

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 743 812 759 743 654 713 691 712 740

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,359 1,587 1,393 1,486 1,537 1,494 1,461 1,489 1,525

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,653 62,746 63,529 63,562 63,402 63,098 63,216 63,300 63,398

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,255 6,220 6,187 6,292 6,214 6,157 6,149 6,148 6,214

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,398 56,526 57,341 57,249 57,193 56,982 57,064 57,158 57,181

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,895 43,127 43,546 43,770 43,561 43,409 43,533 43,549 43,438

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,884 13,871 13,899 13,885 13,880 13,809 13,841 13,960 13,901

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,054 13,679 13,833 13,992 13,881 13,833 13,879 13,790 13,776

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,957 15,577 15,815 15,894 15,800 15,768 15,813 15,798 15,760

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,503 13,399 13,795 13,479 13,631 13,573 13,532 13,609 13,744

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,895 43,362 43,938 43,701 42,998 43,004 43,145 43,184 43,637

Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,499 33,321 34,095 34,469 33,826 33,676 33,734 33,845 34,052

Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,906 9,278 9,173 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,385 114,286 112,980 111,710 112,342 111,907 111,859 112,330 112,357

Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,330 26,050 27,522 27,649 27,418 27,631 27,606 27,407 27,704

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,681 6,649 6,946 6,687 6,939 6,880 6,741 6,927 6,964

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 4.7 4.9 4.8 5.0 4.9 4.8 5.0 5.0

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,036 5,101 4,950 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,680 9,575 9,249 9,550 9,477 9,372 9,335 9,394 9,173

1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Sept.

2010

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

May

2011

June

2011

July

2011

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over............................. 14,746 13,967 13,992 9.6 9.1 9.2 9.1 9.1 9.1

16 to 19 years...................................... 1,497 1,467 1,418 26.0 24.2 24.5 25.0 25.4 24.6

16 to 17 years.................................... 604 564 511 30.0 29.4 28.2 28.7 29.6 26.5

18 to 19 years.................................... 869 966 893 23.3 21.9 22.8 23.1 24.5 23.3

20 years and over.................................. 13,249 12,500 12,573 8.9 8.5 8.6 8.5 8.5 8.5

20 to 24 years.................................... 2,237 2,231 2,249 14.9 14.7 14.5 14.6 14.8 14.7

25 years and over............................... 11,028 10,297 10,339 8.3 7.8 8.0 7.8 7.8 7.8

25 to 54 years................................. 8,920 8,226 8,284 8.7 8.1 8.2 8.0 8.1 8.1

25 to 34 years.............................. 3,379 3,210 3,287 10.0 9.3 9.6 9.7 9.5 9.7

35 to 44 years.............................. 2,779 2,498 2,443 8.3 7.7 7.8 7.1 7.7 7.5

45 to 54 years.............................. 2,762 2,519 2,554 7.7 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.1 7.2

55 years and over............................. 2,176 2,053 2,106 7.2 6.8 7.0 6.9 6.6 6.7

Men, 16 years and over.............................. 8,571 7,853 7,758 10.4 9.5 9.7 9.6 9.6 9.4

16 to 19 years...................................... 841 825 807 29.3 27.0 27.4 27.2 28.1 27.9

16 to 17 years.................................... 331 252 257 33.3 31.3 30.7 29.9 28.6 27.6

18 to 19 years.................................... 487 607 533 26.2 25.2 25.7 25.6 28.9 27.3

20 years and over.................................. 7,729 7,028 6,952 9.7 8.9 9.1 9.0 8.9 8.8

20 to 24 years.................................... 1,344 1,329 1,286 17.1 15.7 15.5 15.7 16.5 15.8

25 years and over............................... 6,438 5,761 5,712 9.0 8.1 8.4 8.2 8.1 8.0

25 to 54 years................................. 5,174 4,618 4,572 9.3 8.4 8.6 8.4 8.5 8.4

25 to 34 years.............................. 2,000 1,816 1,817 10.8 9.7 10.0 10.2 9.8 9.8

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,548 1,428 1,354 8.6 7.5 8.1 7.5 8.1 7.7

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,626 1,374 1,401 8.6 8.0 7.7 7.7 7.4 7.6

55 years and over............................. 1,264 1,144 1,139 7.9 7.0 7.9 7.4 7.0 6.9

Women, 16 years and over.......................... 6,175 6,114 6,233 8.6 8.5 8.6 8.5 8.5 8.7

16 to 19 years...................................... 656 642 612 22.8 21.3 21.6 22.7 22.6 21.3

16 to 17 years.................................... 273 312 254 26.8 27.5 25.9 27.5 30.5 25.5

18 to 19 years.................................... 382 359 360 20.4 18.6 19.7 20.6 19.4 19.1

20 years and over.................................. 5,520 5,472 5,622 8.0 8.0 8.0 7.9 8.0 8.1

20 to 24 years.................................... 893 902 963 12.4 13.6 13.4 13.2 12.8 13.4

25 years and over............................... 4,590 4,536 4,628 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.4 7.5

25 to 54 years................................. 3,747 3,608 3,712 7.9 7.6 7.8 7.5 7.7 7.9

25 to 34 years.............................. 1,380 1,394 1,470 9.0 8.8 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.6

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,231 1,070 1,088 8.1 7.8 7.4 6.7 7.2 7.3

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,136 1,144 1,153 6.7 6.5 6.9 6.8 6.8 6.8

55 years and over1

........................... 922 1,018 978 6.4 6.0 6.3 7.3 7.1 6.6

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present....................... 3,177 2,710 2,738 6.8 5.9 6.2 6.1 5.9 5.9

Married women, spouse present.................... 2,068 2,072 2,127 5.7 5.8 5.6 5.6 5.8 5.9

Women who maintain families1

.................... 1,321 1,257 1,294 12.9 12.7 12.8 12.1 11.9 12.4

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2.................................... 13,002 12,077 12,240 10.4 9.7 9.8 9.8 9.7 9.8

Part-time workers3................................... 1,782 1,904 1,774 6.1 6.3 6.7 6.1 6.5 6.0

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.

3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time

jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2010

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

May

2011

June

2011

July

2011

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 8,651 7,897 7,636 9,286 8,274 8,261 8,215 8,203 8,121

On temporary layoff................................ 910 1,136 813 1,340 1,214 1,251 1,268 1,247 1,196

Not on temporary layoff............................ 7,741 6,762 6,823 7,947 7,060 7,010 6,947 6,956 6,925

Permanent job losers............................ 6,271 5,399 5,383 6,467 5,653 5,606 5,567 5,545 5,500

Persons who completed temporary jobs...... 1,471 1,362 1,440 1,479 1,407 1,405 1,380 1,411 1,426

Job leavers............................................. 880 1,056 1,064 809 908 965 928 963 967

Reentrants............................................. 3,428 3,644 3,500 3,441 3,433 3,430 3,410 3,532 3,504

New entrants.......................................... 1,180 1,411 1,320 1,193 1,231 1,222 1,270 1,241 1,327

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 61.2 56.4 56.5 63.0 59.8 59.5 59.4 58.8 58.3

On temporary layoff................................ 6.4 8.1 6.0 9.1 8.8 9.0 9.2 8.9 8.6

Not on temporary layoff............................ 54.7 48.3 50.5 54.0 51.0 50.5 50.3 49.9 49.8

Job leavers............................................. 6.2 7.5 7.9 5.5 6.6 7.0 6.7 6.9 6.9

Reentrants............................................. 24.2 26.0 25.9 23.4 24.8 24.7 24.7 25.3 25.2

New entrants.......................................... 8.3 10.1 9.8 8.1 8.9 8.8 9.2 8.9 9.5

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 5.6 5.1 5.0 6.0 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.3

Job leavers............................................. 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Reentrants............................................. 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3

New entrants.......................................... 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2010

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

May

2011

June

2011

July

2011

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 2,830 2,635 2,760 2,872 2,664 3,076 2,689 2,755 2,772

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 3,127 3,377 2,726 3,329 2,892 2,972 3,088 3,050 2,904

15 weeks and over.................................... 8,183 7,997 8,034 8,517 8,184 8,125 8,150 8,273 8,328

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 2,075 1,958 1,816 2,364 1,984 1,836 1,965 2,239 2,086

27 weeks and over................................. 6,108 6,038 6,217 6,153 6,200 6,289 6,185 6,034 6,242

Average (mean) duration, in weeks1

.............. 34.1 39.7 41.0 33.4 39.7 39.9 40.4 40.3 40.5

Median duration, in weeks........................... 20.5 20.6 22.2 20.5 22.0 22.5 21.2 21.8 22.2

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 20.0 18.8 20.4 19.5 19.4 21.7 19.3 19.6 19.8

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 22.1 24.1 20.2 22.6 21.0 21.0 22.2 21.7 20.7

15 weeks and over.................................... 57.9 57.1 59.4 57.9 59.6 57.3 58.5 58.8 59.5

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 14.7 14.0 13.4 16.1 14.4 13.0 14.1 15.9 14.9

27 weeks and over................................. 43.2 43.1 46.0 41.8 45.1 44.4 44.4 42.9 44.6

1 Beginning in January 2011, this series reflects a change to the collection of data on unemployment duration. For more information, see

www.bls.gov/cps/duration.htm.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2011

Total, 16 years and over1

............................................. 139,715 140,502 14,140 13,520 9.2 8.8

Management, professional, and related occupations............ 51,757 52,665 2,381 2,450 4.4 4.4

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations...................................................... 21,038 21,587 956 1,035 4.3 4.6

Professional and related occupations........................... 30,719 31,078 1,425 1,415 4.4 4.4

Service occupations.................................................. 24,660 25,347 2,867 2,828 10.4 10.0

Sales and office occupations....................................... 33,331 32,735 3,386 3,246 9.2 9.0

Sales and related occupations................................... 15,319 15,064 1,584 1,554 9.4 9.4

Office and administrative support occupations................. 18,012 17,672 1,803 1,692 9.1 8.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations......................................................... 13,273 13,387 2,195 1,675 14.2 11.1

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations..................... 1,051 1,038 142 131 11.9 11.2

Construction and extraction occupations....................... 7,186 7,316 1,536 1,137 17.6 13.4

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............. 5,036 5,033 517 407 9.3 7.5

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations......................................................... 16,693 16,368 2,085 1,951 11.1 10.7

Production occupations........................................... 8,187 8,128 1,123 944 12.1 10.4

Transportation and material moving occupations.............. 8,506 8,239 962 1,008 10.2 10.9

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2011 data, occupations reflect the

introduction of the 2010 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification system is

derived from the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2011 are not strictly comparable with

earlier years.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2011

Total, 16 years and over1................................................................ 14,140 13,520 9.2 8.8

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers................................... 11,127 10,375 9.4 8.7

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction..................................... 66 55 8.2 6.2

Construction........................................................................... 1,464 1,110 17.2 13.3

Manufacturing......................................................................... 1,471 1,306 9.6 8.4

Durable goods...................................................................... 937 821 9.7 8.4

Nondurable goods................................................................. 534 484 9.3 8.4

Wholesale and retail trade.......................................................... 1,962 1,882 9.6 9.2

Transportation and utilities.......................................................... 418 458 7.1 7.8

Information............................................................................ 330 209 10.8 7.4

Financial activities.................................................................... 568 501 6.3 5.5

Professional and business services................................................ 1,426 1,509 9.9 10.1

Education and health services...................................................... 1,352 1,241 6.3 5.7

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 1,536 1,492 11.4 11.3

Other services........................................................................ 534 613 8.5 9.4

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers.......................... 164 169 11.1 11.1

Government workers.................................................................... 1,089 1,013 5.0 4.7

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............. 580 643 5.6 6.4

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2010

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

May

2011

June

2011

July

2011

Aug.

2011

Sept.

2011

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as

a percent of the civilian labor force.............. 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.5 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.4

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force........................................... 5.6 5.1 5.0 6.0 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.3

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate).................................................. 9.2 9.1 8.8 9.6 9.1 9.2 9.1 9.1 9.1

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

discouraged workers............................... 9.9 9.6 9.4 10.3 9.5 9.8 9.8 9.7 9.7

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers,

plus all other persons marginally attached to

the labor force, as a percent of the civilian

labor force plus all persons marginally attached

to the labor force................................... 10.7 10.6 10.2 11.0 10.3 10.7 10.7 10.6 10.5

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic reasons,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all

persons marginally attached to the labor

force.................................................. 16.2 16.1 15.7 17.1 15.8 16.2 16.1 16.2 16.5

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are

available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a

job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for

full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2011

Sept.

2010

Sept.

2011

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force............................................. 84,468 86,049 33,588 34,549 50,880 51,501

Persons who currently want a job.................................. 5,949 5,929 2,772 2,792 3,177 3,137

Marginally attached to the labor force1........................ 2,548 2,511 1,354 1,319 1,194 1,192

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 1,209 1,037 730 585 478 452

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . .. 1,340 1,474 624 734 716 740

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4............................................. 6,681 6,946 3,140 3,427 3,540 3,519

Percent of total employed........................................... 4.8 4.9 4.2 4.6 5.4 5.4

Primary job full time, secondary job part time.................... 3,515 3,778 1,852 2,039 1,663 1,739

Primary and secondary jobs both part time....................... 1,717 1,730 563 597 1,154 1,132

Primary and secondary jobs both full time........................ 265 193 164 118 101 74

Hours vary on primary or secondary job.......................... 1,144 1,214 541 655 603 559

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week,

but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling

or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation

problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

Change

from:

Aug.2011 -

Sept.2011p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130,090 130,821 131,033 131,552 129,844 131,174 131,231 131,334 103

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108,004 110,061 110,179 109,793 107,570 109,170 109,212 109,349 137

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,105 18,425 18,508 18,435 17,784 18,088 18,079 18,097 18

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 733 812 814 818 725 798 800 805 5

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.5 49.3 49.4 49.4 49.5 47.7 47.1 47.2 0.1

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 681.3 763.1 764.5 768.3 675.0 749.9 752.8 758.2 5.4

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159.9 177.9 178.6 179.4 160.9 175.5 177.2 179.9 2.7

Mining, except oil and gas1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210.2 220.0 222.0 218.8 205.2 212.7 213.9 213.1 -0.8

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.8 85.9 87.0 86.3 81.8 85.6 86.5 86.3 -0.2

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311.2 365.2 363.9 370.1 308.9 361.7 361.7 365.2 3.5

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,744 5,805 5,834 5,794 5,514 5,532 5,525 5,551 26

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,262.4 1,263.8 1,274.2 1,277.0 1,223.0 1,222.0 1,221.8 1,236.8 15.0

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 584.0 581.9 581.0 575.0 564.2 557.8 555.0 556.8 1.8

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 678.4 681.9 693.2 702.0 658.8 664.2 666.8 680.0 13.2

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . . 904.8 904.1 910.9 917.3 841.4 844.9 844.9 851.1 6.2

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,576.6 3,636.7 3,649.0 3,599.8 3,449.4 3,464.7 3,458.1 3,463.2 5.1

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . 1,514.8 1,538.0 1,534.0 1,510.4 1,447.4 1,451.5 1,448.1 1,442.5 -5.6

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . . 2,061.8 2,098.7 2,115.0 2,089.4 2,002.0 2,013.2 2,010.0 2,020.7 10.7

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,628 11,808 11,860 11,823 11,545 11,758 11,754 11,741 -13

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,134 7,324 7,355 7,334 7,095 7,313 7,305 7,297 -8

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344.0 336.0 339.3 334.4 337.7 328.4 330.3 329.4 -0.9

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382.5 382.8 381.5 377.6 372.5 371.2 369.8 368.2 -1.6

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366.8 386.3 387.9 390.5 365.2 387.3 387.5 388.9 1.4

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,310.0 1,369.4 1,371.8 1,367.5 1,299.9 1,366.1 1,360.0 1,357.1 -2.9

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 997.7 1,053.7 1,057.0 1,056.0 998.4 1,049.1 1,053.6 1,056.4 2.8

Computer and electronic products1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,102.7 1,131.7 1,133.2 1,129.4 1,103.0 1,128.7 1,129.6 1,130.2 0.6

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . . 162.7 172.9 173.4 172.9 162.2 172.6 173.0 172.7 -0.3

Communication equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.9 117.3 117.0 116.4 119.3 117.4 116.8 116.5 -0.3

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372.5 387.9 390.0 388.9 372.0 386.8 388.1 388.8 0.7

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405.4 404.8 403.8 402.0 405.8 403.4 402.8 402.6 -0.2

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . . 364.6 373.8 374.9 372.0 363.9 371.8 372.1 370.7 -1.4

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,340.9 1,355.9 1,373.1 1,381.2 1,332.5 1,378.4 1,373.1 1,374.1 1.0

Motor vehicles and parts2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 683.2 685.0 699.7 707.1 675.5 707.0 700.6 700.9 0.3

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357.9 357.5 357.0 350.2 355.7 354.1 351.0 347.4 -3.6

Miscellaneous manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567.2 577.3 579.4 574.9 566.3 578.3 577.8 574.8 -3.0

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,494 4,484 4,505 4,489 4,450 4,445 4,449 4,444 -5

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,477.5 1,470.7 1,478.5 1,471.5 1,445.2 1,448.1 1,442.6 1,441.7 -0.9

Beverages and tobacco products. . . . . . . . . . . . 187.3 191.4 194.9 193.8 183.2 186.2 189.6 187.8 -1.8

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.9 122.9 122.5 121.3 118.8 123.0 121.9 121.2 -0.7

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.7 116.6 116.0 113.6 118.5 115.7 115.9 113.7 -2.2

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.1 153.2 155.7 156.8 155.0 153.3 154.4 154.7 0.3

Leather and allied products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.4 29.4 29.2 30.0 28.0 30.0 29.0 29.6 0.6

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397.2 399.9 401.0 401.1 396.8 398.1 399.2 399.7 0.5

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . . 484.2 467.7 470.3 466.1 483.0 467.5 468.9 464.7 -4.2

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.1 115.7 114.2 114.4 114.0 111.7 111.1 111.9 0.8

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 780.1 784.1 785.8 784.5 781.8 780.3 783.5 784.9 1.4

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 628.2 632.3 637.0 636.0 625.4 631.3 632.6 634.0 1.4

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89,899 91,636 91,671 91,358 89,786 91,082 91,133 91,252 119

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,565 24,959 24,953 24,886 24,627 24,942 24,945 24,952 7

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,465.0 5,574.7 5,573.6 5,547.9 5,456.0 5,543.0 5,545.8 5,539.9 -5.9

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,725.0 2,790.3 2,791.2 2,774.4 2,722.4 2,774.4 2,776.1 2,772.2 -3.9

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,932.2 1,962.7 1,961.6 1,955.5 1,928.7 1,950.3 1,952.2 1,952.1 -0.1

Electronic markets and agents and brokers.. . 807.8 821.7 820.8 818.0 804.9 818.3 817.5 815.6 -1.9

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,311.7 14,599.4 14,589.5 14,481.3 14,430.3 14,579.1 14,578.3 14,591.9 13.6

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,641.7 1,695.9 1,696.7 1,692.6 1,627.3 1,676.2 1,677.2 1,678.6 1.4

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,014.4 1,049.0 1,051.3 1,050.8 1,007.0 1,041.6 1,042.9 1,043.8 0.9

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . . 429.5 431.4 430.1 430.9 436.0 436.5 435.7 436.2 0.5

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

Change

from:

Aug.2011 -

Sept.2011p

Retail trade - Continued

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 492.5 493.8 486.0 475.7 500.8 501.3 492.8 483.9 -8.9

Building material and garden supply stores.. . 1,106.8 1,148.3 1,128.1 1,107.3 1,115.1 1,119.0 1,119.5 1,118.9 -0.6

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,803.5 2,858.5 2,854.6 2,841.0 2,812.4 2,837.1 2,840.6 2,847.6 7.0

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 969.2 975.2 977.1 975.7 976.3 976.9 977.5 981.7 4.2

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 822.1 833.0 835.9 823.4 816.0 820.6 821.1 817.5 -3.6

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . . 1,350.8 1,422.4 1,435.7 1,409.9 1,388.0 1,431.1 1,440.4 1,449.4 9.0

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 595.3 583.5 595.7 599.3 597.8 600.4 599.2 601.3 2.1

General merchandise stores1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,927.2 2,971.5 2,966.8 2,941.3 2,986.1 2,989.4 2,988.4 2,993.6 5.2

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,453.7 1,479.6 1,478.4 1,460.1 1,495.8 1,499.8 1,498.2 1,499.6 1.4

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 755.3 780.7 770.8 767.2 756.6 774.0 766.8 767.8 1.0

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417.8 405.2 412.0 417.0 417.9 416.6 419.1 415.4 -3.7

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,240.8 4,228.9 4,235.0 4,303.2 4,192.4 4,267.8 4,268.0 4,266.1 -1.9

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464.9 481.2 480.0 475.2 463.4 478.8 475.9 474.8 -1.1

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218.4 225.2 226.9 226.8 217.6 224.7 226.4 225.4 -1.0

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.9 65.0 65.8 64.7 62.8 63.1 63.5 63.8 0.3

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,271.1 1,300.0 1,305.0 1,306.4 1,248.5 1,283.0 1,281.7 1,284.3 2.6

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453.2 379.7 376.8 448.5 438.6 440.3 442.8 439.2 -3.6

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.9 43.6 43.0 43.3 41.9 43.3 43.0 43.3 0.3

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . . 33.0 37.8 36.9 34.0 27.6 28.5 28.6 28.3 -0.3

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . . 542.9 556.5 558.0 556.7 542.3 555.0 555.3 555.7 0.4

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520.2 510.1 513.5 516.7 521.0 521.1 521.7 522.5 0.8

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 631.3 629.8 629.1 630.9 628.7 630.0 629.1 628.8 -0.3

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 547.4 555.6 554.6 553.2 548.6 552.1 552.6 553.8 1.2

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,693 2,679 2,637 2,651 2,701 2,677 2,626 2,660 34

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . 758.6 758.4 756.2 753.4 759.4 756.0 754.8 754.0 -0.8

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370.4 368.2 376.9 357.9 373.3 366.1 367.3 361.9 -5.4

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295.7 294.3 293.6 296.1 296.1 295.0 294.5 296.2 1.7

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 885.8 857.2 808.3 842.0 887.7 859.1 807.5 845.1 37.6

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239.4 238.6 238.3 238.3 240.5 239.7 240.0 239.4 -0.6

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143.3 162.7 163.2 163.4 143.5 160.6 161.9 163.4 1.5

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,618 7,672 7,659 7,607 7,616 7,606 7,611 7,603 -8

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,674.9 5,688.9 5,680.2 5,650.6 5,686.7 5,667.0 5,669.5 5,660.7 -8.8

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . . 20.8 21.7 22.0 21.8 20.7 21.5 21.8 21.8 0.0

Credit intermediation and related

activities1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,538.8 2,552.5 2,545.9 2,532.7 2,547.2 2,542.8 2,541.7 2,539.0 -2.7

Depository credit intermediation1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,730.5 1,766.3 1,764.1 1,751.3 1,735.8 1,756.5 1,757.3 1,756.3 -1.0

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,307.2 1,331.8 1,330.0 1,320.7 1,310.8 1,324.9 1,325.5 1,323.7 -1.8

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 803.7 813.7 814.6 807.4 805.5 811.0 812.5 809.1 -3.4

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . . 2,225.1 2,213.1 2,211.0 2,202.3 2,226.6 2,204.3 2,206.9 2,204.1 -2.8

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles. . . 86.5 87.9 86.7 86.4 86.7 87.4 86.6 86.7 0.1

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,943.0 1,983.2 1,978.7 1,956.1 1,928.9 1,938.8 1,941.5 1,942.7 1.2

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,397.7 1,426.9 1,423.3 1,402.6 1,389.8 1,401.9 1,401.3 1,395.8 -5.5

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520.5 530.5 529.5 527.7 514.3 511.4 514.5 521.1 6.6

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . . 24.8 25.8 25.9 25.8 24.8 25.5 25.7 25.8 0.1

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,801 17,257 17,362 17,350 16,719 17,194 17,232 17,280 48

Professional and technical services1

. . . . . . . . . . . 7,327.2 7,618.1 7,622.5 7,594.6 7,414.1 7,642.4 7,659.4 7,683.5 24.1

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,112.7 1,125.0 1,118.3 1,109.5 1,115.7 1,113.8 1,113.5 1,112.2 -1.3

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . . 799.0 851.6 850.2 847.5 875.6 924.2 923.3 926.6 3.3

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . 1,276.7 1,317.1 1,319.7 1,308.1 1,273.7 1,297.5 1,301.8 1,304.5 2.7

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,443.0 1,514.6 1,524.5 1,520.8 1,447.1 1,511.4 1,519.1 1,525.1 6.0

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 986.8 1,050.0 1,054.2 1,053.4 991.5 1,045.4 1,052.4 1,057.9 5.5

Management of companies and enterprises. . . . 1,871.5 1,894.7 1,895.4 1,889.9 1,870.6 1,885.4 1,885.2 1,887.0 1.8

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,602.3 7,744.5 7,844.3 7,865.7 7,434.6 7,666.2 7,687.1 7,709.6 22.5

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

Change

from:

Aug.2011 -

Sept.2011p

Administrative and waste services - Continued

Administrative and support services1

. . . . . . . . 7,238.2 7,370.1 7,469.4 7,494.3 7,074.1 7,301.4 7,321.3 7,343.0 21.7

Employment services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,833.9 2,875.4 2,981.8 3,040.1 2,745.7 2,917.4 2,938.4 2,962.2 23.8

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,180.5 2,207.2 2,294.6 2,351.1 2,110.1 2,247.7 2,268.0 2,287.4 19.4

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 797.3 790.2 791.6 794.2 807.6 803.3 802.3 803.2 0.9

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . . 1,815.2 1,878.5 1,868.1 1,836.3 1,747.2 1,763.8 1,766.1 1,768.8 2.7

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364.1 374.4 374.9 371.4 360.5 364.8 365.8 366.6 0.8

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,545 19,666 19,697 19,994 19,631 19,998 20,036 20,081 45

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,094.4 2,922.0 2,908.5 3,173.6 3,145.1 3,219.3 3,223.9 3,227.8 3.9

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,450.1 16,744.1 16,788.4 16,820.7 16,485.5 16,778.2 16,812.3 16,853.1 40.8

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,822.0 14,130.9 14,163.8 14,164.1 13,844.9 14,104.1 14,136.6 14,180.4 43.8

Ambulatory health care services1. . . . . . . . . 5,995.2 6,160.2 6,189.1 6,194.9 6,013.5 6,157.8 6,180.5 6,206.5 26.0

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,314.0 2,366.7 2,373.0 2,378.0 2,322.2 2,365.2 2,371.0 2,383.2 12.2

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 602.7 619.1 623.0 624.5 604.5 619.6 622.2 626.0 3.8

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,089.6 1,126.5 1,134.1 1,138.6 1,091.7 1,127.7 1,134.4 1,139.4 5.0

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,687.7 4,768.9 4,770.3 4,773.1 4,690.5 4,754.0 4,761.5 4,774.8 13.3

Nursing and residential care facilities1

. . . . 3,139.1 3,201.8 3,204.4 3,196.1 3,140.9 3,192.3 3,194.6 3,199.1 4.5

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,665.4 1,688.1 1,686.7 1,681.3 1,664.6 1,684.5 1,682.5 1,682.5 0.0

Social assistance1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,628.1 2,613.2 2,624.6 2,656.6 2,640.6 2,674.1 2,675.7 2,672.7 -3.0

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 853.1 790.0 802.2 840.2 855.4 852.0 850.7 845.8 -4.9

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,304 13,887 13,862 13,430 13,103 13,217 13,227 13,223 -4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,013.1 2,204.2 2,160.3 1,966.0 1,933.3 1,897.3 1,895.0 1,885.4 -9.6

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . . 452.4 431.4 431.3 417.7 429.7 401.0 400.2 396.3 -3.9

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks. . . 129.6 146.6 144.1 132.7 126.8 130.8 131.5 130.5 -1.0

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . . 1,431.1 1,626.2 1,584.9 1,415.6 1,376.8 1,365.5 1,363.3 1,358.6 -4.7

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,290.4 11,682.4 11,702.1 11,464.2 11,169.7 11,320.1 11,331.7 11,337.5 5.8

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,809.6 1,961.7 1,953.5 1,843.5 1,772.7 1,811.0 1,810.4 1,804.2 -6.2

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . . 9,480.8 9,720.7 9,748.6 9,620.7 9,397.0 9,509.1 9,521.3 9,533.3 12.0

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,373 5,516 5,501 5,440 5,389 5,448 5,456 5,453 -3

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,142.8 1,159.7 1,158.3 1,153.4 1,141.2 1,152.0 1,151.4 1,151.7 0.3

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,259.6 1,293.5 1,294.4 1,287.8 1,263.3 1,286.4 1,288.1 1,290.2 2.1

Membership associations and organizations. . . . 2,971.0 3,063.2 3,048.0 2,998.7 2,984.0 3,010.0 3,016.3 3,011.3 -5.0

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,086 20,760 20,854 21,759 22,274 22,004 22,019 21,985 -34

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,863.0 2,854.0 2,837.0 2,827.0 2,850.0 2,824.0 2,821.0 2,820.0 -1.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,215.8 2,223.3 2,219.8 2,215.8 2,200.6 2,199.3 2,201.1 2,205.1 4.0

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 647.2 630.6 617.1 610.7 648.9 624.5 620.0 614.7 -5.3

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,146.0 4,772.0 4,809.0 5,098.0 5,138.0 5,076.0 5,087.0 5,089.0 2.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,394.6 2,079.4 2,108.4 2,407.9 2,383.7 2,394.3 2,399.0 2,397.6 -1.4

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 2,750.9 2,692.7 2,701.0 2,689.9 2,753.9 2,681.7 2,688.2 2,691.5 3.3

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,077.0 13,134.0 13,208.0 13,834.0 14,286.0 14,104.0 14,111.0 14,076.0 -35.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,736.5 6,652.4 6,768.3 7,586.4 7,948.6 7,846.4 7,858.2 7,833.8 -24.4

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 6,340.1 6,481.7 6,439.5 6,247.8 6,337.3 6,257.8 6,252.3 6,241.7 -10.6

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 34.2 34.3 34.2 34.3

Goods-producing..................................................................... 39.7 39.8 39.8 39.9

Mining and logging................................................................ 43.7 44.1 44.1 44.0

Construction........................................................................ 38.0 38.2 38.2 38.5

Manufacturing...................................................................... 40.3 40.3 40.3 40.2

Durable goods................................................................... 40.5 40.6 40.6 40.6

Nondurable goods............................................................... 39.9 39.7 39.8 39.6

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.1 33.3 33.1 33.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 34.3 34.4 34.3 34.5

Wholesale trade................................................................. 38.4 38.6 38.5 38.8

Retail trade....................................................................... 31.3 31.4 31.3 31.4

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 38.3 38.5 38.4 38.4

Utilities............................................................................ 41.3 41.6 41.5 42.3

Information.......................................................................... 36.7 36.5 36.4 36.5

Financial activities................................................................. 37.1 37.4 37.1 37.4

Professional and business services............................................. 35.6 35.8 35.7 35.8

Education and health services................................................... 32.8 32.9 32.7 32.7

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 25.8 25.9 25.8 25.9

Other services...................................................................... 31.8 31.7 31.5 31.6

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.2

Durable goods........................................................................ 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.2

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.1

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

Total private................................................. $22.70 $23.12 $23.08 $23.12 $ 776.34 $ 793.02 $ 789.34 $ 793.02

Goods-producing........................................ 24.15 24.45 24.43 24.46 958.76 973.11 972.31 975.95

Mining and logging................................... 27.89 27.96 28.06 28.35 1,218.79 1,233.04 1,237.45 1,247.40

Construction........................................... 25.19 25.40 25.48 25.48 957.22 970.28 973.34 980.98

Manufacturing......................................... 23.43 23.77 23.69 23.71 944.23 957.93 954.71 953.14

Durable goods...................................... 24.91 25.31 25.24 25.24 1,008.86 1,027.59 1,024.74 1,024.74

Nondurable goods................................. 21.04 21.17 21.10 21.13 839.50 840.45 839.78 836.75

Private service-providing............................... 22.36 22.80 22.76 22.80 740.12 759.24 753.36 756.96

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 19.76 20.09 20.03 20.06 677.77 691.10 687.03 692.07

Wholesale trade.................................... 26.23 26.33 26.27 26.25 1,007.23 1,016.34 1,011.40 1,018.50

Retail trade.......................................... 15.61 15.90 15.76 15.80 488.59 499.26 493.29 496.12

Transportation and warehousing................. 21.14 21.73 21.90 21.86 809.66 836.61 840.96 839.42

Utilities............................................... 32.75 33.63 33.70 34.00 1,352.58 1,399.01 1,398.55 1,438.20

Information............................................. 30.84 31.41 31.54 31.57 1,131.83 1,146.47 1,148.06 1,152.31

Financial activities.................................... 27.29 27.74 27.79 27.85 1,012.46 1,037.48 1,031.01 1,041.59

Professional and business services................ 27.41 27.98 27.85 27.90 975.80 1,001.68 994.25 998.82

Education and health services...................... 23.06 23.67 23.64 23.66 756.37 778.74 773.03 773.68

Leisure and hospitality............................... 13.10 13.24 13.25 13.28 337.98 342.92 341.85 343.95

Other services......................................... 20.22 20.50 20.52 20.54 643.00 649.85 646.38 649.06

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

Percent

change

from:

Aug.

2011 -

Sept.

2011p

Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

Percent

change

from:

Aug.

2011 -

Sept.

2011p

Total private....................................... 92.2 93.8 93.6 94.0 0.4 99.8 103.5 103.0 103.6 0.6

Goods-producing............................... 80.4 82.0 82.0 82.3 0.4 87.8 90.6 90.5 90.9 0.4

Mining and logging.......................... 99.6 110.6 110.9 111.3 0.4 111.5 124.1 124.9 126.7 1.4

Construction.................................. 72.2 72.8 72.7 73.7 1.4 79.0 80.4 80.5 81.5 1.2

Manufacturing................................ 83.7 85.2 85.2 84.9 -0.4 91.2 94.2 93.9 93.6 -0.3

Durable goods............................ 80.9 83.6 83.5 83.4 -0.1 89.5 94.0 93.6 93.5 -0.1

Nondurable goods........................ 88.6 88.1 88.4 87.8 -0.7 94.6 94.6 94.6 94.2 -0.4

Private service-providing...................... 95.4 97.4 96.9 97.3 0.4 103.4 107.6 106.8 107.5 0.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 91.8 93.2 93.0 93.6 0.6 97.6 100.8 100.2 101.0 0.8

Wholesale trade........................... 91.4 93.4 93.2 93.8 0.6 100.1 102.6 102.1 102.7 0.6

Retail trade................................ 91.7 93.0 92.7 93.0 0.3 94.7 97.7 96.6 97.2 0.6

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 91.9 94.0 93.8 93.8 0.0 98.6 103.7 104.2 104.0 -0.2

Utilities..................................... 98.0 99.3 99.2 101.3 2.1 106.0 110.4 110.5 113.8 3.0

Information................................... 90.5 89.2 87.3 88.7 1.6 99.4 99.8 98.0 99.7 1.7

Financial activities........................... 93.1 93.7 93.0 93.7 0.8 99.2 101.5 100.9 101.9 1.0

Professional and business services....... 93.6 96.8 96.8 97.3 0.5 104.0 109.7 109.2 110.0 0.7

Education and health services............. 104.8 107.1 106.6 106.9 0.3 113.2 118.7 118.1 118.5 0.3

Leisure and hospitality...................... 96.5 97.7 97.4 97.7 0.3 101.9 104.3 104.1 104.7 0.6

Other services............................... 94.9 95.7 95.2 95.5 0.3 109.0 111.3 110.9 111.3 0.4

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

Total nonfarm............................................... 64,553 64,816 64,867 64,871 49.7 49.4 49.4 49.4

Total private.............................................. 51,892 52,314 52,350 52,382 48.2 47.9 47.9 47.9

Goods-producing...................................... 4,071 4,061 4,055 4,056 22.9 22.5 22.4 22.4

Mining and logging................................. 99 105 106 107 13.7 13.2 13.3 13.3

Construction........................................ 713 710 711 715 12.9 12.8 12.9 12.9

Manufacturing....................................... 3,259 3,246 3,238 3,234 28.2 27.6 27.5 27.5

Durable goods................................... 1,722 1,722 1,716 1,713 24.3 23.5 23.5 23.5

Nondurable goods............................... 1,537 1,524 1,522 1,521 34.5 34.3 34.2 34.2

Private service-providing............................. 47,821 48,253 48,295 48,326 53.3 53.0 53.0 53.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities............... 9,991 9,995 9,995 9,973 40.6 40.1 40.1 40.0

Wholesale trade................................. 1,637.5 1,669.8 1,671.5 1,672.7 30.0 30.1 30.1 30.2

Retail trade....................................... 7,212.4 7,188.4 7,186.3 7,175.9 50.0 49.3 49.3 49.2

Transportation and warehousing.............. 1,003.9 1,001.8 1,003.2 989.8 23.9 23.5 23.5 23.2

Utilities............................................ 136.7 134.6 134.4 134.8 24.9 24.4 24.3 24.3

Information.......................................... 1,097 1,088 1,075 1,079 40.6 40.6 40.9 40.6

Financial activities.................................. 4,474 4,441 4,441 4,426 58.7 58.4 58.3 58.2

Professional and business services............. 7,437 7,625 7,647 7,663 44.5 44.3 44.4 44.3

Education and health services................... 15,134 15,346 15,371 15,404 77.1 76.7 76.7 76.7

Leisure and hospitality............................. 6,837 6,883 6,883 6,901 52.2 52.1 52.0 52.2

Other services...................................... 2,851 2,875 2,883 2,880 52.9 52.8 52.8 52.8

Government.............................................. 12,661 12,502 12,517 12,489 56.8 56.8 56.8 56.8

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

Total private................................................................................ 88,673 89,972 90,017 90,183

Goods-producing........................................................................ 12,794 13,034 13,024 13,056

Mining and logging................................................................... 541 599 601 605

Construction........................................................................... 4,170 4,186 4,175 4,202

Manufacturing......................................................................... 8,083 8,249 8,248 8,249

Durable goods...................................................................... 4,852 5,012 5,009 5,010

Nondurable goods................................................................. 3,231 3,237 3,239 3,239

Private service-providing............................................................... 75,879 76,938 76,993 77,127

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................................................. 20,849 21,101 21,119 21,143

Wholesale trade.................................................................... 4,369.5 4,441.3 4,444.1 4,439.5

Retail trade......................................................................... 12,418.6 12,544.8 12,552.7 12,577.5

Transportation and warehousing................................................. 3,621.5 3,673.6 3,680.9 3,684.6

Utilities............................................................................... 439.8 440.8 441.4 441.3

Information............................................................................ 2,170 2,148 2,099 2,134

Financial activities.................................................................... 5,866 5,821 5,822 5,815

Professional and business services................................................ 13,691 14,145 14,182 14,220

Education and health services...................................................... 17,221 17,520 17,544 17,581

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 11,573 11,648 11,664 11,672

Other services........................................................................ 4,509 4,555 4,563 4,562

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 33.5 33.6 33.5 33.6

Goods-producing..................................................................... 40.7 40.9 40.8 40.8

Mining and logging................................................................ 44.6 46.3 46.3 46.3

Construction........................................................................ 39.0 39.1 39.0 39.1

Manufacturing...................................................................... 41.3 41.4 41.3 41.3

Durable goods................................................................... 41.4 41.8 41.7 41.7

Nondurable goods............................................................... 41.0 40.8 40.6 40.6

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.3 32.4 32.3 32.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 33.3 33.7 33.5 33.6

Wholesale trade................................................................. 38.2 38.5 38.3 38.6

Retail trade....................................................................... 30.1 30.5 30.3 30.3

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 37.2 37.7 37.7 37.6

Utilities............................................................................ 42.1 41.9 41.8 42.1

Information.......................................................................... 36.1 36.2 35.9 36.0

Financial activities................................................................. 36.3 36.4 36.3 36.4

Professional and business services............................................. 35.2 35.1 35.1 35.2

Education and health services................................................... 32.2 32.4 32.3 32.3

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 24.8 24.8 24.7 24.7

Other services...................................................................... 30.8 30.7 30.7 30.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 3.9 4.1 4.1 4.0

Durable goods........................................................................ 3.9 4.2 4.2 4.1

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.9

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

Total private................................................. $19.14 $19.49 $19.49 $19.52 $ 641.19 $ 654.86 $ 652.92 $ 655.87

Goods-producing........................................ 20.33 20.69 20.71 20.71 827.43 846.22 844.97 844.97

Mining and logging................................... 24.10 24.60 24.57 24.61 1,074.86 1,138.98 1,137.59 1,139.44

Construction........................................... 23.21 23.65 23.81 23.76 905.19 924.72 928.59 929.02

Manufacturing......................................... 18.65 18.96 18.92 18.92 770.25 784.94 781.40 781.40

Durable goods...................................... 19.81 20.14 20.07 20.08 820.13 841.85 836.92 837.34

Nondurable goods................................. 16.89 17.08 17.09 17.07 692.49 696.86 693.85 693.04

Private service-providing............................... 18.88 19.24 19.22 19.26 609.82 623.38 620.81 622.10

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 16.90 17.20 17.17 17.23 562.77 579.64 575.20 578.93

Wholesale trade.................................... 21.64 22.13 22.03 22.08 826.65 852.01 843.75 852.29

Retail trade.......................................... 13.29 13.48 13.46 13.49 400.03 411.14 407.84 408.75

Transportation and warehousing................. 19.18 19.53 19.55 19.66 713.50 736.28 737.04 739.22

Utilities............................................... 30.28 30.96 30.92 31.21 1,274.79 1,297.22 1,292.46 1,313.94

Information............................................. 26.01 26.48 26.52 26.66 938.96 958.58 952.07 959.76

Financial activities.................................... 21.45 21.78 21.75 21.82 778.64 792.79 789.53 794.25

Professional and business services................ 22.94 23.24 23.16 23.15 807.49 815.72 812.92 814.88

Education and health services...................... 20.24 20.79 20.84 20.86 651.73 673.60 673.13 673.78

Leisure and hospitality............................... 11.27 11.49 11.49 11.47 279.50 284.95 283.80 283.31

Other services......................................... 17.13 17.25 17.24 17.26 527.60 529.58 529.27 529.88

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

Percent

change

from:

Aug.

2011 -

Sept.

2011p

Sept.

2010

July

2011

Aug.

2011p

Sept.

2011p

Percent

change

from:

Aug.

2011 -

Sept.

2011p

Total private....................................... 99.2 101.0 100.8 101.2 0.4 126.9 131.5 131.2 132.0 0.6

Goods-producing............................... 79.6 81.5 81.2 81.4 0.2 99.1 103.2 103.0 103.2 0.2

Mining and logging.......................... 128.2 147.4 147.9 148.9 0.7 179.7 210.9 211.3 213.1 0.9

Construction.................................. 81.4 82.0 81.5 82.3 1.0 102.1 104.7 104.8 105.5 0.7

Manufacturing................................ 76.6 78.4 78.2 78.2 0.0 93.4 97.2 96.7 96.7 0.0

Durable goods............................ 75.5 78.7 78.5 78.5 0.0 93.3 99.0 98.3 98.4 0.1

Nondurable goods........................ 78.1 77.8 77.5 77.5 0.0 93.2 93.9 93.6 93.5 -0.1

Private service-providing...................... 104.8 106.6 106.3 106.5 0.2 135.7 140.6 140.1 140.7 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 96.8 99.1 98.6 99.0 0.4 116.7 121.6 120.8 121.7 0.7

Wholesale trade........................... 98.3 100.7 100.2 100.9 0.7 125.3 131.3 130.1 131.3 0.9

Retail trade................................ 94.6 96.9 96.3 96.5 0.2 107.8 111.9 111.1 111.5 0.4

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 101.4 104.3 104.5 104.3 -0.2 123.4 129.2 129.6 130.1 0.4

Utilities..................................... 94.7 94.5 94.4 95.0 0.6 119.7 122.1 121.8 123.8 1.6

Information................................... 89.4 88.8 86.0 87.7 2.0 115.2 116.4 112.9 115.8 2.6

Financial activities........................... 101.9 101.4 101.1 101.3 0.2 135.1 136.5 136.0 136.7 0.5

Professional and business services....... 108.0 111.3 111.6 112.2 0.5 147.4 153.9 153.7 154.5 0.5

Education and health services............. 119.6 122.5 122.2 122.5 0.2 159.2 167.4 167.5 168.0 0.3

Leisure and hospitality...................... 105.2 105.9 105.6 105.7 0.1 134.6 138.2 137.8 137.6 -0.1

Other services............................... 97.4 98.1 98.3 98.2 -0.1 121.6 123.3 123.4 123.6 0.2

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p Preliminary