For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Thursday, June 21, 2018 USDL-18-1028 

Technical information: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

PERSONS WITH A DISABILITY: LABOR FORCE CHARACTERISTICS — 2017 

In 2017, 18.7 percent of persons with a disability were employed, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 

reported today. In contrast, the employment-population ratio for those without a disability was 65.7 

percent. The employment-population ratios for both persons with and without a disability increased from 

2016 to 2017. The unemployment rates for both persons with and without a disability declined from the 

previous year to 9.2 percent and 4.2 percent, respectively. 

The data on persons with a disability are collected as part of the Current Population Survey (CPS), a 

monthly sample survey of about 60,000 households that provides statistics on employment and 

unemployment in the United States. The collection of data on persons with a disability is sponsored by 

the Department of Labor’s Office of Disability Employment Policy. For more information, see the 

Technical Note in this news release. 

Highlights from the 2017 data: 

 Nearly half of all persons with a disability were age 65 and over, three times larger than the share 

of those with no disability. (See table 1.) 

 Across all age groups, the employment-population ratios were much lower for persons with a 

disability than for those with no disability. (See table 1.) 

 Unemployment rates for persons with a disability were higher than for persons without a 

disability across all educational attainment groups. (See table 1.) 

 In 2017, 32 percent of workers with a disability were employed part time, compared with 17 

percent for those with no disability. (See table 2.) 

 Employed persons with a disability were more likely to be self-employed than those with no 

disability. (See table 4.) 

Demographic characteristics

Persons with a disability tend to be older than persons with no disability, reflecting the increased 

incidence of disability with age. In 2017, 48 percent of persons with a disability were age 65 and over, 

compared with 16 percent of those with no disability. Overall, women were somewhat more likely to 
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have a disability than men, partly reflecting the greater life expectancy of women. In 2017, the 

prevalence of disability continued to be higher for Blacks and Whites than for Hispanics and Asians. 

(See table 1.) 

Employment

The employment-population ratio for persons with a disability increased from 17.9 percent in 2016 to 

18.7 percent in 2017. The ratio for those without a disability, at 65.7 percent, also increased over the 

year. The lower ratio among persons with a disability reflects, in part, the older age profile of persons 

with a disability; older workers are less likely to be employed regardless of disability status. However, 

across all age groups, persons with a disability were much less likely to be employed than those with no 

disability. (See tables A and 1.) 

Among persons ages 16 to 64, the employment-population ratios rose for both persons with a disability 

(29.3 percent) and persons without a disability (73.5 percent) in 2017. The ratios for persons age 65 and 

over with a disability (7.3 percent) and without a disability (23.4 percent) showed little or no change. 

(See table A.) 

Persons with a disability are less likely to have completed a bachelor’s degree and higher than those 

with no disability. Among both groups, those who have completed higher levels of education are more 

likely to be employed than those with less education. Across all levels of education in 2017, persons 

with a disability were much less likely to be employed than were their counterparts with no disability. 

(Educational attainment data are presented for those age 25 and over.) (See table 1.) 

Workers with a disability were more likely to be employed part time than those with no disability. 

Among workers with a disability, 32 percent usually worked part time in 2017, compared with 17 

percent of those without a disability. A slightly larger proportion of workers with a disability worked 

part time for economic reasons than those without a disability (5 percent versus 3 percent). These 

individuals were working part time because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find 

full-time jobs. (See table 2.) 

In 2017, workers with a disability were more concentrated than those with no disability in service 

occupations (20.2 percent, compared with 17.3 percent) and in production, transportation, and material 

moving occupations (14.1 percent versus 11.6 percent). Persons with a disability were less likely to 

work in management, professional, and related occupations than those without a disability (34.1 percent, 

compared with 39.9 percent). (See table 3.) 

In 2017, workers with a disability were more likely to be employed in government than were workers 

with no disability (14.4 percent, compared with 13.6 percent). Persons with a disability were also more 

likely to be self-employed than their counterparts with no disability (10.6 percent versus 6.0 percent). 

Persons with a disability were less likely to be employed as private wage and salary workers than those 

without a disability (74.9 percent, compared with 80.3 percent). (See table 4.) 

Unemployment 

The unemployment rate for persons with a disability was 9.2 percent in 2017, more than twice that of 

those with no disability (4.2 percent). (Unemployed persons are those who did not have a job, were 

available for work, and were actively looking for a job in the 4 weeks preceding the survey.) The 
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unemployment rates for persons with and without a disability were both lower in 2017 than in the prior 

year. (See tables A and 1.) 

In 2017, the unemployment rate for men with a disability (9.0 percent) was about the same as the rate 

for women (9.5 percent). The unemployment rates for both men and women declined from 2016 to 

2017. Although jobless rates for persons with a disability declined among all major race and ethnicity 

groups in 2017, Blacks (13.8 percent) continued to have a higher unemployment rate than Hispanics 

(10.2 percent), Whites (8.5 percent), and Asians (6.6 percent). (See table 1.) 

Not in the labor force 

Persons who are neither employed nor unemployed are not in the labor force. A large proportion of 

persons with a disability—about 8 in 10—were not in the labor force in 2017, compared with about 3 in 

10 of those with no disability. In part, this reflects the older age profile of persons with a disability; 

persons ages 65 and over are much less likely to participate in the labor force than younger age groups. 

Across all age groups, however, persons with a disability were more likely to be out of the labor force 

than those with no disability. (See table 1.) 

For persons with and without a disability, the vast majority of those not in the labor force do not want a 

job. In 2017, 3 percent of those with a disability and 7 percent of those without a disability wanted a job. 

Among those who do want a job, a subset is classified as marginally attached to the labor force. These 

individuals wanted and were available to work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 

months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks 

preceding the survey. (Persons marginally attached to the labor force include discouraged workers.) 

About 1 percent of persons with a disability and 2 percent of persons without a disability were 

marginally attached to the labor force in 2017. (See table 5.) 
Table A. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by disability status and age, 2016 and

2017 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

2016 2017

Total, 16

years

and over

16 to 64

years

65 years

and over

Total, 16

years

and over

16 to 64

years

65 years

and over

PERSONS WITH A DISABILITY

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 29,971 15,746 14,225 30,351 15,697 14,654

Civilian labor force.................................................. 6,005 4,919 1,086 6,245 5,117 1,129

Participation rate.................................................. 20.0 31.2 7.6 20.6 32.6 7.7

Employed.......................................................... 5,372 4,356 1,016 5,670 4,603 1,066

Employment-population ratio................................. 17.9 27.7 7.1 18.7 29.3 7.3

Unemployed....................................................... 633 564 70 576 514 62

Unemployment rate............................................ 10.5 11.5 6.4 9.2 10.0 5.5

Not in labor force.................................................... 23,965 10,827 13,139 24,106 10,580 13,526

PERSONS WITH NO DISABILITY

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 223,567 189,757 33,810 224,728 189,840 34,887

Civilian labor force.................................................. 153,182 144,996 8,185 154,074 145,626 8,449

Participation rate.................................................. 68.5 76.4 24.2 68.6 76.7 24.2

Employed.......................................................... 146,064 138,164 7,900 147,668 139,500 8,168

Employment-population ratio................................. 65.3 72.8 23.4 65.7 73.5 23.4

Unemployed....................................................... 7,118 6,832 285 6,407 6,126 281

Unemployment rate............................................ 4.6 4.7 3.5 4.2 4.2 3.3

Not in labor force.................................................... 70,385 44,761 25,624 70,653 44,215 26,439

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
Technical Note 

 The estimates in this release are based on annual 

average data obtained from the Current Population 

Survey (CPS). The CPS, which is conducted by the 

U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics 

(BLS), is a monthly survey of about 60,000 eligible 

households that provides information on the labor 

force status, demographics, and other characteristics 

of the nation's civilian noninstitutional population age 

16 and over. 

 Questions were added to the CPS in June 2008 to 

identify persons with a disability in the civilian 

noninstitutional population age 16 and older. The 

addition of these questions allowed the BLS to begin 

releasing monthly labor force data from the CPS for 

persons with a disability. The collection of these data 

is sponsored by the Department of Labor's Office of 

Disability Employment Policy. 

 Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory-impaired individuals upon request. Voice 

phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 

(800) 877-8339. 

Reliability of the estimates 

 Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both 

sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, 

rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is 

a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the 

true population values they represent. The component 

of this difference that occurs because samples differ 

by chance is known as sampling error, and its 

variability is measured by the standard error of the 

estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level 

of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will 

differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the 

true population value because of sampling error. BLS 

analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent 

level of confidence. 

 The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling 

error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, 

including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all 

respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness 

of respondents to provide correct information, and 

errors made in the collection or processing of the data. 

 Additional information about the reliability of data 

from the CPS and estimating standard errors is 

available at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#reliability. 

 CPS estimates are controlled to population totals 

that are available by age, sex, race, and Hispanic 

ethnicity. These controls are developed by the Census 

Bureau and are based on complete population counts 

obtained in the decennial census. In the years between 

decennial censuses, they incorporate the latest 

information about population change (births, deaths, 

and net international migration). As part of its annual 

update of population estimates, the Census Bureau 

introduces adjustments to the total population 

controls. The updated controls typically have a 

negligible impact on unemployment rates and other 

ratios. The estimates of the population of persons with 

a disability are not controlled to independent 

population totals of persons with a disability because 

such data are not available. Without independent 

population totals, sample-based estimates are more 

apt to vary from one time period to the next. 

Information about population controls is available at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#pop. 

Disability questions and concepts 

 The CPS uses a set of six questions to identify 

persons with disabilities. In the CPS, persons are 

classified as having a disability if there is a response 

of "yes" to any of these questions. The disability 

questions appear in the CPS in the following format: 

 This month we want to learn about people who have 

physical, mental, or emotional conditions that cause 

serious difficulty with their daily activities. Please 

answer for household members who are 15 years and 

older. 

 Is anyone deaf or does anyone have serious 

difficulty hearing? 

 Is anyone blind or does anyone have serious 

difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses? 

 Because of a physical, mental, or emotional 

condition, does anyone have serious 

difficulty concentrating, remembering, or 

making decisions? 

 Does anyone have serious difficulty walking 

or climbing stairs? 

 Does anyone have difficulty dressing or 

bathing? 
 Because of a physical, mental, or emotional 

condition, does anyone have difficulty doing 

errands alone such as visiting a doctor's 

office or shopping? 

 The CPS questions for identifying individuals with 

disabilities are only asked of household members who 

are age 15 and older. Each of the questions ask the 

respondent whether anyone in the household has the 

condition described, and if the respondent replies 

"yes," they are then asked to identify everyone in the 

household who has the condition. Labor force 

measures from the CPS are tabulated for persons age 

16 and older. More information on the disability 

questions and the limitations of the CPS disability 

data is available on the BLS website at 

www.bls.gov/cps/cpsdisability_faq.htm. 

Other definitions 

 Other definitions used in this release are described 

briefly below. Additional information on the concepts 

and methodology of the CPS is available at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

 Employed. Employed persons are all those who, 

during the survey reference week, (a) did any work at 

all as paid employees; (b) worked in their own 

business, profession, or on their own farm; or (c) 

worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in a 

family member's business. Persons who were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, 

bad weather, vacation, labor dispute, or another 

reason also are counted as employed. 

 Unemployed. Unemployed persons are those who 

had no employment during the reference week, were 

available for work at that time, and had made specific 

efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-

week period ending with the reference week. Persons 

who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which 

they had been laid off need not have been looking for 

work to be classified as unemployed. 

 Civilian labor force. The civilian labor force 

comprises all persons classified as employed or 

unemployed. 

 Unemployment rate. The unemployment rate 

represents the number of unemployed persons as a 

percent of the civilian labor force. 

 Not in the labor force. Persons not in the labor force 

include all those who are not classified as employed 

or unemployed. Information is collected on their 

desire for and availability to take a job at the time of 

the CPS interview, job search activity in the prior 

year, and reason for not looking in the 4-week period 

ending with the reference week. This group includes 

individuals marginally attached to the labor force, 

defined as persons not in the labor force who want and 

are available for a job and who have looked for work 

sometime in the past 12 months (or since the end of 

their last job if they held one within the past 12 

months). They are not counted as unemployed 

because they had not actively searched for work in the 

prior 4 weeks. Within the marginally attached group 

are discouraged workers—persons who are not 

currently looking for work because they believe there 

are no jobs available or there are none for which they 

would qualify. The other persons marginally attached 

to the labor force group includes persons who want a 

job but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks 

for reasons such as family responsibilities or 

transportation problems. 

 Part time for economic reasons. Persons classified 

as at work part time for economic reasons, a measure 

sometimes referred to as involuntary part time, are 

those who gave an economic reason for working 1 to 

34 hours during the reference week. Economic 

reasons include slack work or unfavorable business 

conditions, inability to find full-time work, and 

seasonal declines in demand. Those who usually work 

part time must also indicate that they want and are 

available for full-time work to be classified as part 

time for economic reasons. 

 Occupation, industry, and class of worker. The 

occupation, industry, and class of worker 

classifications for the employed relate to the job held 

in the survey reference week. Persons with two or 

more jobs are classified in the job at which they 

worked the greatest number of hours. Persons are 

classified using the 2010 Census occupational and 

2012 Census industry classification systems. The 

class-of-worker breakdown assigns workers to the 

following categories: private and government wage 

and salary workers, self-employed workers, and 

unpaid family workers. Wage and salary workers 

receive wages, salary, commissions, tips, or pay in 

kind from a private employer or from a government 

unit. Self-employed persons are those who work for 

profit or fees in their own business, profession, trade, 

or farm. Only the unincorporated self-employed are 

included in the self-employed category. Selfemployed persons who respond that their businesses 

are incorporated are included among wage and salary 

workers. Unpaid family workers are persons working 

without pay for 15 hours a week or more on a farm or 

in a business operated by a family member in their 

household. 
Table 1. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by disability status and selected

characteristics, 2017 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Not in

labor

Total force

Participation

rate

Employed Unemployed

Total Percent of

population Total Rate

TOTAL

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255,079 160,320 62.9 153,337 60.1 6,982 4.4 94,759

Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,275 85,145 69.1 81,402 66.0 3,743 4.4 38,130

Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131,804 75,175 57.0 71,936 54.6 3,239 4.3 56,629

PERSONS WITH A DISABILITY

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,351 6,245 20.6 5,670 18.7 576 9.2 24,106

Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,140 3,420 24.2 3,111 22.0 309 9.0 10,720

Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,211 2,825 17.4 2,558 15.8 267 9.5 13,386

Age

16 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,697 5,117 32.6 4,603 29.3 514 10.0 10,580

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 644 157 24.3 116 18.1 40 25.7 488

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 862 379 44.0 318 36.9 61 16.1 483

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,905 870 45.7 749 39.3 121 13.9 1,035

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,128 802 37.7 719 33.8 83 10.3 1,326

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,841 1,295 33.7 1,182 30.8 114 8.8 2,546

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,317 1,614 25.6 1,519 24.1 95 5.9 4,703

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,654 1,129 7.7 1,066 7.3 62 5.5 13,526

Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,156 5,051 20.9 4,622 19.1 429 8.5 19,105

Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,146 742 17.9 640 15.4 102 13.8 3,404

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 872 151 17.3 141 16.2 10 6.6 721

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,183 703 22.1 631 19.8 72 10.2 2,480

Educational attainment

Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,845 5,710 19.8 5,235 18.1 474 8.3 23,135

Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,451 541 9.9 480 8.8 61 11.3 4,909

High school graduates, no college1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,345 1,728 16.7 1,571 15.2 157 9.1 8,617

Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,683 1,864 24.3 1,701 22.1 162 8.7 5,819

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,366 1,577 29.4 1,483 27.6 93 5.9 3,789

PERSONS WITH NO DISABILITY

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224,728 154,074 68.6 147,668 65.7 6,407 4.2 70,653

Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109,135 81,725 74.9 78,290 71.7 3,435 4.2 27,410

Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,592 72,349 62.6 69,377 60.0 2,972 4.1 43,243

Age

16 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189,840 145,626 76.7 139,500 73.5 6,126 4.2 44,215

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,110 5,745 35.7 4,958 30.8 787 13.7 10,365

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,534 14,880 72.5 13,814 67.3 1,066 7.2 5,654

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42,053 35,215 83.7 33,690 80.1 1,526 4.3 6,838

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,824 32,232 85.2 31,173 82.4 1,060 3.3 5,591

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,946 32,268 85.0 31,321 82.5 947 2.9 5,678

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,374 25,285 71.5 24,545 69.4 740 2.9 10,089

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,887 8,449 24.2 8,168 23.4 281 3.3 26,439

Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174,786 119,890 68.6 115,554 66.1 4,336 3.6 54,896

Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,101 19,346 68.8 17,948 63.9 1,399 7.2 8,755

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,496 9,630 66.4 9,307 64.2 323 3.4 4,866

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38,188 26,636 69.8 25,307 66.3 1,329 5.0 11,552

Educational attainment

Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188,084 133,450 71.0 128,896 68.5 4,553 3.4 54,635

Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,187 9,801 57.0 9,188 53.5 613 6.3 7,386

High school graduates, no college1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,847 34,146 65.9 32,639 63.0 1,507 4.4 17,701

Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,578 35,833 72.3 34,581 69.8 1,252 3.5 13,745

Bachelor’s degree and higher2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,472 53,669 77.3 52,488 75.6 1,182 2.2 15,803

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2

Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons

whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
Table 2. Employed full- and part-time workers by disability status and age, 2017 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Disability status and age

Employed At work

part time for

economic

reasons1

Total

Usually

work

full time

Usually

work

part time

TOTAL

16 years and over........................................................................ 153,337 125,967 27,370 5,250

16 to 64 years.......................................................................... 144,103 120,334 23,769 5,041

65 years and over...................................................................... 9,234 5,633 3,601 209

Persons with a disability

16 years and over........................................................................ 5,670 3,856 1,814 283

16 to 64 years.......................................................................... 4,603 3,327 1,276 254

65 years and over...................................................................... 1,066 529 538 29

Persons with no disability

16 years and over........................................................................ 147,668 122,111 25,557 4,967

16 to 64 years.......................................................................... 139,500 117,007 22,493 4,787

65 years and over...................................................................... 8,168 5,104 3,063 180

1 Refers to persons who, whether they usually work full or part time, worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as

slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. Persons who usually work part time

for an economic reason, but worked 35 hours or more during the reference week are excluded. Also excludes employed persons who were absent

from their jobs for the entire reference week.

NOTE: Full time refers to persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week; part time refers to persons who usually work less than 35 hours per

week.
Table 3. Employed persons by disability status, occupation, and sex, 2017 annual averages

[Percent distribution]

Occupation

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Total Men Women Total Men Women

Total employed (in thousands)....................................... 5,670 3,111 2,558 147,668 78,290 69,377

Occupation as a percent of total employed

Total employed......................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Management, professional, and related occupations........... 34.1 32.5 35.9 39.9 36.4 44.0

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations..................................................... 14.6 16.4 12.5 16.6 17.5 15.6

Management occupations.................................... 10.5 12.8 7.8 11.7 13.2 9.9

Business and financial operations occupations............ 4.1 3.7 4.7 5.0 4.3 5.7

Professional and related occupations.......................... 19.4 16.1 23.5 23.3 18.9 28.3

Computer and mathematical occupations.................. 2.3 3.0 1.4 3.2 4.5 1.7

Architecture and engineering occupations.................. 1.5 2.3 0.5 2.1 3.4 0.7

Life, physical, and social science occupations............. 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.0

Community and social service occupations................ 2.1 1.4 2.9 1.7 1.1 2.4

Legal occupations............................................. 1.2 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.4

Education, training, and library occupations................ 5.5 3.1 8.5 6.0 3.1 9.4

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media

occupations.................................................. 2.2 2.1 2.4 2.1 2.1 2.1

Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations....... 4.0 2.2 6.1 6.0 2.8 9.7

Service occupations................................................ 20.2 16.5 24.8 17.3 14.2 20.9

Healthcare support occupations................................ 2.3 0.6 4.4 2.3 0.6 4.2

Protective service occupations................................. 2.1 2.7 1.3 2.0 3.0 1.0

Food preparation and serving related occupations.......... 5.5 4.4 6.9 5.4 4.7 6.2

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance

occupations..................................................... 5.9 6.7 4.9 3.8 4.2 3.3

Personal care and service occupations....................... 4.5 2.0 7.5 3.9 1.7 6.2

Sales and office occupations...................................... 22.7 16.1 30.8 21.9 15.9 28.5

Sales and related occupations.................................. 10.2 8.8 11.9 10.3 9.9 10.8

Office and administrative support occupations............... 12.5 7.3 18.8 11.5 6.0 17.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations........................................................ 8.9 15.5 1.0 9.3 16.6 1.0

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.................... 0.9 1.4 0.3 0.8 1.1 0.4

Construction and extraction occupations...................... 4.1 7.3 0.3 5.3 9.7 0.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations........... 3.9 6.8 0.4 3.2 5.8 0.3

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations........................................................ 14.1 19.4 7.5 11.6 16.9 5.6

Production occupations.......................................... 6.7 8.7 4.4 5.5 7.4 3.4

Transportation and material moving occupations............ 7.3 10.8 3.1 6.1 9.6 2.2
Table 4. Employed persons by disability status, industry, class of worker, and sex, 2017 annual averages

[Percent distribution]

Industry and class of worker

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Total Men Women Total Men Women

Total employed (in thousands)....................................... 5,670 3,111 2,558 147,668 78,290 69,377

Industry as a percent of total employed

Total employed......................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Agriculture and related industries................................. 3.1 4.5 1.3 1.5 2.2 0.8

Nonagricultural industries.......................................... 96.9 95.5 98.7 98.5 97.8 99.2

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction................. 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.8 0.1

Construction....................................................... 5.9 9.8 1.1 7.0 12.0 1.4

Manufacturing..................................................... 10.2 13.3 6.6 10.0 13.3 6.3

Wholesale trade.................................................. 1.9 2.6 1.0 2.4 3.1 1.5

Retail trade........................................................ 12.7 12.5 12.9 10.8 10.6 11.1

Transportation and utilities...................................... 5.2 7.0 3.0 5.3 7.6 2.7

Information........................................................ 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.9 2.2 1.6

Financial activities................................................ 5.3 4.9 5.8 6.9 6.1 7.8

Professional and business services............................ 12.0 13.2 10.5 12.3 13.4 11.1

Education and health services.................................. 21.6 11.5 33.8 22.5 10.8 35.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 9.0 8.0 10.3 9.3 8.6 10.1

Other services.................................................... 6.2 5.6 6.9 4.8 4.4 5.3

Public administration............................................. 4.7 4.6 4.9 4.6 4.8 4.4

Class of worker as a percent of total employed

Total employed1

........................................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Wage and salary workers2

......................................... 89.3 87.7 91.4 93.9 93.1 94.8

Private industries................................................. 74.9 75.7 74.0 80.3 82.0 78.4

Government....................................................... 14.4 12.0 17.3 13.6 11.1 16.4

Federal.......................................................... 2.8 3.2 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.2

State............................................................. 5.3 3.8 7.1 4.6 3.5 5.8

Local............................................................. 6.4 5.1 7.9 6.7 5.1 8.4

Self-employed workers, unincorporated.......................... 10.6 12.3 8.5 6.0 6.9 5.1

1

Includes a small number of unpaid family workers, not shown separately.

2

Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
Table 5. Persons not in the labor force by disability status, age, and sex, 2017 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total,

16 years and

over

16 to 64 years Total,

65 years and

Total Men Women over

PERSONS WITH A DISABILITY

Total not in the labor force.................................................... 24,106 10,580 5,026 5,554 13,526

Persons who currently want a job......................................... 698 464 230 234 234

Marginally attached to the labor force1

................................. 196 148 82 67 48

Discouraged workers2................................................. 49 35 23 12 14

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3............ 147 114 59 55 34

PERSONS WITH NO DISABILITY

Total not in the labor force.................................................... 70,653 44,215 16,242 27,973 26,439

Persons who currently want a job......................................... 4,820 4,202 1,907 2,296 618

Marginally attached to the labor force1

................................. 1,391 1,265 661 605 126

Discouraged workers2................................................. 427 381 240 141 46

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3............ 964 884 421 464 80

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference

week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks

schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and

transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.