Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-17-0419

8:30 a.m. (EDT) April 14, 2017 

Technical information: (202) 691-7000 • cpi_info@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cpi 

Media Contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

CONSUMER PRICE INDEX – MARCH 2017 

The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) decreased 0.3 percent in March on a 

seasonally adjusted basis, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the last 12 months, 

the all items index rose 2.4 percent before seasonal adjustment. 

The March decline was the first 1-month decrease in the seasonally adjusted all items index since 

February 2016. A decline in the gasoline index was the largest factor, with a decrease in the index for 

wireless telephone services also contributing. 

The energy index declined 3.2 percent, with the gasoline index falling 6.2 percent, and other major 

energy component indexes decreasing as well. The food index rose 0.3 percent, with the index for food 

at home increasing 0.5 percent, its largest increase since May 2014. 

The index for all items less food and energy fell 0.1 percent in March, its first decline since January 

2010. The shelter index rose 0.1 percent, and the indexes for motor vehicle insurance, medical care, 

tobacco, airline fares, and alcoholic beverages also increased in March. These increases were more than 

offset by declines in several indexes, including those for wireless telephone services, used cars and 

trucks, new vehicles, and apparel. 

The all items index rose 2.4 percent for the 12 months ending March, a smaller increase than the 2.7-

percent rise for the period ending February. The index for all items less food and energy rose 2.0 percent 

over the last 12 months, the smallest 12-month increase since November 2015. The energy index rose 

10.9 percent over the last year, while the food index increased 0.5 percent. 

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

Mar'16 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar'17

Chart 1. One-month percent change in CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), seasonally adjusted, Mar. 2016 - Mar. 2017

Percent change

 0.1

 0.3

 0.2 0.2

 0.0

 0.2

 0.3 0.3

 0.2

 0.3

 0.6

 0.1

 -0.3
- 2 -

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

Mar'16 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar'17

Chart 2. 12-month percent change in CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), not seasonally adjusted, Mar. 2016 - Mar. 2017

Percent change

All items All items less food and energy
- 3 -

Food 

The food index rose 0.3 percent in March following a 0.2-percent increase in February. The index for 

food at home advanced 0.5 percent, as 4 of the 6 major grocery store food group indexes rose. The index 

for fruits and vegetables rose 1.6 percent, with the index for fresh fruits rising 2.4 percent. The index for 

other food at home rose 0.7 percent after declining in February. The indexes for cereals and bakery 

products and for meats, poultry, fish, and eggs both increased 0.3 percent. In contrast to these increases, 

the index for dairy and related products fell 0.6 percent in March after rising in each of the 3 prior 

months. The index for nonalcoholic beverages also declined, falling 0.1 percent after rising in February. 

The food at home index declined 0.9 percent over the past year. The indexes for meats, poultry, fish, and 

eggs, for fruits and vegetables, and for cereals and bakery products declined over the past 12 months, 

while the other 3 major grocery store food group indexes increased slightly over the span. The index for 

food away from home rose 0.2 percent in March, the same increase as in February, and rose 2.4 percent 

over the last 12 months. 

Energy 

The energy index fell 3.2 percent in March following a 1.0-percent decline in February. All the energy 

component indexes declined in March, with the gasoline index falling 6.2 percent. (Before seasonal 

adjustment, gasoline prices increased 1.1 percent in March.) The index for natural gas fell 0.8 percent 

after rising in each of the last 8 months, and the electricity index declined 0.1 percent after rising in 

February. 

Despite the March declines, all the component indexes rose over the last year. The gasoline index 

increased 19.9 percent, the index for natural gas advanced 10.3 percent, and the electricity index 

increased 1.6 percent. 

All items less food and energy 

The index for all items less food and energy declined 0.1 percent in March. The index for 

communication fell 3.5 percent as the index for wireless telephone services decreased 7.0 percent, the 

largest 1-month decline in the history of the index. The index for used cars and trucks continued to fall, 

declining 0.9 percent in March, and the new vehicles index decreased 0.3 percent. The apparel index 

declined 0.7 percent in March after rising 0.6 percent in February. 

The shelter index rose 0.1 percent in March, its smallest increase since June 2014. The rent index rose 

0.3 percent and the index for owners' equivalent rent advanced 0.2 percent, but the index for lodging 

away from home fell 2.4 percent. The medical care index increased 0.1 percent in March, as the index 

for hospital services rose 0.4 percent, the index for prescription drugs was unchanged, and the 

physicians' services index declined 0.3 percent. 

The index for motor vehicle insurance continued to rise, increasing 1.2 percent in March. The index for 

tobacco rose 0.5 percent, the airline fares index increased 0.4 percent, and the index for alcoholic 

beverages rose 0.2 percent. The indexes for recreation, for education, and for household furnishings and 

operations were unchanged in March. 
- 4 -

The index for all items less food and energy rose 2.0 percent over the past 12 months. The indexes for 

shelter and for medical care both rose 3.5 percent. The index for motor vehicle insurance increased 

sharply over the last year, rising 8.1 percent, its largest 12-month increase since the period ending June 

2003. The indexes for communication, used cars and trucks, and household furnishings and operations 

all declined over the past year. 

Not seasonally adjusted CPI measures 

The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) increased 2.4 percent over the last 12 

months to an index level of 243.801 (1982-84=100). For the month, the index rose 0.1 percent prior to 

seasonal adjustment. 

The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) increased 2.3

percent over the last 12 months to an index level of 237.656 (1982-84=100). For the month, the index 

increased 0.1 percent prior to seasonal adjustment. 

The Chained Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U) increased 2.4 percent over the 

last 12 months. For the month, the index rose 0.1 percent on a not seasonally adjusted basis. Please note 

that the indexes for the past 10 to 12 months are subject to revision. 

The Consumer Price Index for April 2017 is scheduled to be released on Friday, May 12, 2017, at 

8:30 a.m. (EDT)

Consumer Price Index Geographic Revision for 2018

In January 2018, BLS will introduce a new geographic area sample for the Consumer Price Index 

(CPI). The 2018 revision utilizes the 2010 Decennial Census and incorporates an updated area 

sample design, changes the frequency of publication for several local area indexes, and establishes 

some new local area and aggregate indexes. The first indexes using the new structure will be 

published in February 2018. Additional information on the geographic revision is available at: 

www.bls.gov/cpi/georevision2018.htm.
- 5 -

A Note on the Use of Seasonally Adjusted and Unadjusted Data

Introduction 

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) produces both unadjusted and seasonally adjusted data. Seasonally 

adjusted data are computed using seasonal factors derived by the X-13ARIMA-SEATS Seasonal 

Adjustment Method. These factors are updated each February, and the new factors are used to revise the 

previous five years of seasonally adjusted data. For more information on data revisions and exceptions 

to the usual revision schedule, please see the Fact Sheet on Seasonal Adjustment 

(https://www.bls.gov/cpi/cpisaqanda.htm) and the Timeline of Seasonal Adjustment Methodological 

Changes (https://www.bls.gov/cpi/cpiseastimeline.htm). 

How to Use Seasonally Adjusted and Unadjusted Data

For analyzing short-term price trends in the economy, seasonally adjusted changes are usually preferred 

since they eliminate the effect of changes that normally occur at the same time and in about the same 

magnitude every year—such as price movements resulting from changing climatic conditions, 

production cycles, model changeovers, holidays, and sales. This allows data users to focus on changes 

that are not typical for the time of year. 

The unadjusted data are of primary interest to consumers concerned about the prices they actually pay. 

Unadjusted data are also used extensively for escalation purposes. Many collective bargaining contract 

agreements and pension plans, for example, tie compensation changes to the Consumer Price Index 

before adjustment for seasonal variation. BLS advises against the use of seasonally adjusted data in 

escalation agreements because seasonally adjusted series are revised annually. 

Intervention Analysis 

The Bureau of Labor Statistics uses Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment for some CPI series. 

Sometimes extreme values or sharp movements can distort the underlying seasonal pattern of price 

change. Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment is a process by which the distortions caused by such 

unusual events are estimated and removed from the data prior to calculation of seasonal factors. The 

resulting seasonal factors, which more accurately represent the seasonal pattern, are then applied to the 

unadjusted data. 

2017 Series Adjusted Using Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment

For the seasonal factors introduced in January 2017, BLS adjusted 40 series using Intervention Analysis 

Seasonal Adjustment, including selected food and beverage items, motor fuels and natural gas. For 

example, this procedure was used for the Motor fuel series to offset the effects of events such as the 

2009 return to normal pricing after the worldwide economic downturn in 2008. 

Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Indexes

Seasonally adjusted data, including the U.S. city average All items index levels, are subject to revision 

for up to five years after their original release. Every year, economists in the CPI calculate new seasonal 

factors for seasonally adjusted series and apply them to the last five years of data. Seasonally adjusted 

indexes beyond the last five years of data are considered to be final and not subject to revision. In 

January 2017, revised seasonal factors and seasonally adjusted indexes for 2012-2016 were calculated 
- 6 -

and published. For directly adjusted series, the seasonal factors for 2016 will be applied to data in 2017

to produce the seasonally adjusted 2017 indexes. 

Determining Seasonal Status

Each year the seasonal status of every series is reevaluated based upon certain statistical criteria. Using 

these criteria, BLS economists determine whether a series should change its status: from "not seasonally 

adjusted" to "seasonally adjusted", or vice versa. If any of the 81 components of the U.S. city average all 

items index change their seasonal adjustment status from seasonally adjusted to not seasonally adjusted, 

not seasonally adjusted data will be used in the aggregation of the dependent series for the last five 

years, but the seasonally adjusted indexes before that period will not be changed. 27 of the 81 

components of the U.S. city average all items index are not seasonally adjusted for 2017. 

Contact Information

For additional information on seasonal adjustment in the CPI, please contact us at (202)691-6968 or 

cpiseas@bls.gov. If you have general questions about the CPI, please call our information staff at (202) 

691-7000 or cpi_info@bls.gov. 

Facilities for Sensory Impaired

Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. 

Voice phone: 202-691-5200, Federal Relay Services: 1-800-877-8339. 

Brief Explanation of the CPI 

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure of the average change in prices over time of goods and 

services purchased by households. The Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes CPIs for two population 

groups: (1) the CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W), which covers households of 

wage earners and clerical workers that comprise approximately 28 percent of the total population and (2) 

the CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) and the Chained CPI for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U), 

which covers approximately 89 percent of the total population and includes, in addition to wage earners 

and clerical worker households, groups such as professional, managerial, and technical workers, the selfemployed, short-term workers, the unemployed, and retirees and others not in the labor force. 

The CPIs are based on prices of food, clothing, shelter, fuels, transportation fares, charges for doctors’ 

and dentists’ services, drugs, and other goods and services that people buy for day-to-day living. Prices 

are collected each month in 87 urban areas across the country from about 6,000 housing units and 

approximately 24,000 retail establishments-department stores, supermarkets, hospitals, filling stations, 

and other types of stores and service establishments. All taxes directly associated with the purchase and 

use of items are included in the index. Prices of fuels and a few other items are obtained every month in 

all 87 locations. Prices of most other commodities and services are collected every month in the three 

largest geographic areas and every other month in other areas. Prices of most goods and services are 

obtained by personal visits or telephone calls of the Bureau’s trained representatives.

In calculating the index, price changes for the various items in each location are averaged together with 

weights, which represent their importance in the spending of the appropriate population group. Local 

data are then combined to obtain a U.S. city average. For the CPI-U and CPI-W separate indexes are 

also published by size of city, by region of the country, for cross-classifications of regions and 
- 7 -

population-size classes, and for 27 local areas. Area indexes do not measure differences in the level of 

prices among cities; they only measure the average change in prices for each area since the base period. 

For the C-CPI-U data are issued only at the national level. It is important to note that the CPI-U and 

CPI-W are considered final when released, but the C-CPI-U is issued in preliminary form and subject to 

two annual revisions. 

The index measures price change from a designed reference date. For the CPI-U and the CPI-W the 

reference base is 1982-84 equals 100. The reference base for the C-CPI-U is December 1999 equals 100. 

An increase of 16.5 percent from the reference base, for example, is shown as 116.500. This change can 

also be expressed in dollars as follows: the price of a base period market basket of goods and services in 

the CPI has risen from $10 in 1982-84 to $11.65. 

For further details visit the CPI home page on the Internet at www.bls.gov/cpi/ or contact our CPI 

Information and Analysis Section on (202) 691-7000. 

Note on Sampling Error in the Consumer Price Index

The CPI is a statistical estimate that is subject to sampling error because it is based upon a sample of 

retail prices and not the complete universe of all prices. BLS calculates and publishes estimates of the 1-

month, 2-month, 6-month and 12-month percent change standard errors annually, for the CPI-U. These 

standard error estimates can be used to construct confidence intervals for hypothesis testing. For 

example, the estimated standard error of the 1 month percent change is 0.03 percent for the U.S. All 

Items Consumer Price Index. This means that if we repeatedly sample from the universe of all retail 

prices using the same methodology, and estimate a percentage change for each sample, then 95% of 

these estimates would be within 0.06 percent of the 1 month percentage change based on all retail 

prices. For example, for a 1-month change of 0.2 percent in the All Items CPI for All Urban 

Consumers, we are 95 percent confident that the actual percent change based on all retail prices would 

fall between 0.14 and 0.26 percent. For the latest data, including information on how to use the estimates 

of standard error, see "Variance Estimates for Price Changes in the Consumer Price Index, JanuaryDecember 2016." These data are available on the CPI home page (www.bls.gov/cpi), or by using the 

following link: www.bls.gov/cpi/cpivar2016.pdf. 

Calculating Index Changes 

Movements of the indexes from one month to another are usually expressed as percent changes rather 

than changes in index points, because index point changes are affected by the level of the index in 

relation to its base period while percent changes are not. The example below illustrates the computation 

of index point and percent changes. 

Percent changes for 3-month and 6-month periods are expressed as annual rates and are computed 

according to the standard formula for compound growth rates. These data indicate what the percent 

change would be if the current rate were maintained for a 12-month period. 
- 8 -

Index Point Change 

CPI 202.416

Less previous index 201.800 

Equals index point change .616

Percent Change 

Index point difference .616 

Divided by the previous index 201.800 

Equals 0.003 

Results multiplied by one hundred 0.003x100 

Equals percent change 0.3
Table 1. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2017

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

Unadjusted indexes Unadjusted percent

change

Seasonally adjusted percent

change

Mar.

2016

Feb.

2017

Mar.

2017

Mar.

2016-

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

Dec.

2016-

Jan.

2017

Jan.

2017-

Feb.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

All items............................................. 100.000 238.132 243.603 243.801 2.4 0.1 0.6 0.1 -0.3

Food.............................................. 13.657 247.978 248.791 249.165 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3

Food at home................................. 7.877 240.329 237.918 238.256 -0.9 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.5

Cereals and bakery products............ 1.060 273.162 271.708 272.174 -0.4 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.3

Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs............ 1.735 250.837 243.057 244.306 -2.6 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.3

Dairy and related products............... 0.821 218.131 220.552 218.567 0.2 -0.9 0.8 0.8 -0.6

Fruits and vegetables..................... 1.327 298.162 292.222 292.932 -1.8 0.2 -1.7 0.7 1.6

Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage

materials.................................. 0.960 168.187 169.451 168.455 0.2 -0.6 -0.3 1.5 -0.1

Other food at home........................ 1.974 209.743 208.914 210.002 0.1 0.5 0.2 -0.4 0.7

Food away from home1

...................... 5.780 260.883 266.626 267.055 2.4 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2

Energy............................................ 7.153 179.017 198.195 198.597 10.9 0.2 4.0 -1.0 -3.2

Energy commodities......................... 3.524 174.500 206.984 209.029 19.8 1.0 7.6 -2.8 -6.0

Fuel oil1

..................................... 0.105 192.617 242.467 240.619 24.9 -0.8 3.5 -0.4 -0.8

Motor fuel................................... 3.328 171.050 202.912 205.155 19.9 1.1 7.9 -2.9 -6.1

Gasoline (all types)..................... 3.277 170.356 201.957 204.217 19.9 1.1 7.8 -3.0 -6.2

Energy services2

............................. 3.628 191.203 198.820 197.709 3.4 -0.6 0.3 1.0 -0.3

Electricity2

.................................. 2.814 202.487 206.416 205.692 1.6 -0.4 0.0 0.8 -0.1

Utility (piped) gas service2

................ 0.814 154.822 172.967 170.755 10.3 -1.3 1.5 1.5 -0.8

All items less food and energy................ 79.191 246.358 251.143 251.290 2.0 0.1 0.3 0.2 -0.1

Commodities less food and energy

commodities................................ 19.125 146.367 145.140 145.527 -0.6 0.3 0.4 0.0 -0.3

Apparel...................................... 3.092 127.427 126.100 128.250 0.6 1.7 1.4 0.6 -0.7

New vehicles............................... 3.687 148.227 148.993 148.543 0.2 -0.3 0.9 -0.2 -0.3

Used cars and trucks...................... 1.974 146.178 137.899 139.372 -4.7 1.1 -0.4 -0.6 -0.9

Medical care commodities................ 1.858 362.386 376.078 376.440 3.9 0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.2

Alcoholic beverages....................... 0.948 242.230 244.622 244.978 1.1 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.2

Tobacco and smoking products.......... 0.660 953.512 984.756 987.910 3.6 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.5

Services less energy services.............. 60.066 307.703 316.506 316.481 2.9 0.0 0.3 0.3 -0.1

Shelter....................................... 33.561 285.196 294.444 295.044 3.5 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1

Rent of primary residence2

............ 7.843 293.489 304.211 304.868 3.9 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

Owners’ equivalent rent of

residences2, 3.......................... 24.468 292.080 301.785 302.259 3.5 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Medical care services..................... 6.697 489.520 506.105 505.991 3.4 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1

Physicians’ services2

................... 1.699 372.672 385.353 383.965 3.0 -0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.3

Hospital services2, 4..................... 2.268 300.303 313.974 314.529 4.7 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4

Transportation services................... 5.941 296.363 306.221 307.490 3.8 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.4

Motor vehicle maintenance and

repair1

.................................. 1.162 273.980 279.782 279.600 2.1 -0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.1

Motor vehicle insurance................ 2.501 478.644 513.469 517.619 8.1 0.8 0.8 0.5 1.2

Airline fares.............................. 0.654 283.584 280.517 283.583 0.0 1.1 2.0 2.4 0.4

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means

estimator.

3 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base.

4 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base.

NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure

category, March 2017

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

Unadjusted percent

change Seasonally adjusted percent change

Mar.

2016-

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

Dec.

2016-

Jan.

2017

Jan.

2017-

Feb.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

All items................................................................. 100.000 2.4 0.1 0.6 0.1 -0.3

Food.................................................................. 13.657 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3

Food at home..................................................... 7.877 -0.9 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.5

Cereals and bakery products................................. 1.060 -0.4 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.3

Cereals and cereal products............................... 0.355 -1.3 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 -0.4

Flour and prepared flour mixes......................... 0.043 -0.1 0.5 -0.5 -1.0 1.4

Breakfast cereal1

......................................... 0.183 -0.7 -0.3 -1.2 0.5 -0.3

Rice, pasta, cornmeal1

................................... 0.130 -2.6 -0.8 1.3 -0.6 -0.8

Rice1, 2, 3................................................ -2.8 -1.1 0.7 0.1 -1.1

Bakery products1

......................................... 0.705 0.1 0.4 0.7 -0.6 0.4

Bread1, 2................................................. 0.211 -0.5 -0.6 0.0 0.4 -0.6

White bread1, 3...................................... 0.2 -0.7 -0.1 0.4 -0.7

Bread other than white1, 3.......................... -1.3 -0.6 -0.3 0.5 -0.6

Fresh biscuits, rolls, muffins2

......................... 0.102 0.2 2.3 -1.0 -1.9 2.7

Cakes, cupcakes, and cookies....................... 0.172 -0.1 -0.1 0.6 -0.5 -0.4

Cookies3

.............................................. -0.6 0.2 1.1 -2.1 0.1

Fresh cakes and cupcakes1, 3..................... 0.7 -0.6 0.4 0.4 -0.6

Other bakery products................................ 0.220 0.9 1.0 0.0 -0.5 1.2

Fresh sweetrolls, coffeecakes, doughnuts1, 3.... 0.5 0.2 -1.5 1.4 0.2

Crackers, bread, and cracker products3

......... 1.5 1.5 0.6 -1.2 2.2

Frozen and refrigerated bakery products, pies,

tarts, turnovers3

................................... 0.1 1.0 0.2 -1.3 0.8

Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs................................ 1.735 -2.6 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.3

Meats, poultry, and fish.................................... 1.632 -1.1 0.8 -0.1 0.5 0.5

Meats...................................................... 1.030 -2.3 1.1 -0.1 0.3 0.7

Beef and veal.......................................... 0.457 -4.9 0.6 0.3 -0.1 -0.2

Uncooked ground beef1

............................ 0.184 -5.0 1.1 0.4 -0.8 1.1

Uncooked beef roasts1, 2........................... 0.061 -5.0 2.7 -1.1 1.6 2.7

Uncooked beef steaks2

............................. 0.164 -5.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.8 -1.5

Uncooked other beef and veal1, 2................. 0.047 -3.0 -1.9 -0.6 0.1 -1.9

Pork...................................................... 0.321 0.9 2.0 -0.2 1.5 1.5

Bacon, breakfast sausage, and related

products2

.......................................... 0.137 3.3 2.5 1.8 1.5 2.8

Bacon and related products3

.................... 6.6 5.0 1.6 3.1 4.8

Breakfast sausage and related products2, 3... -0.8 -0.9 1.7 0.4 -0.5

Ham................................................... 0.056 0.8 5.9 0.0 0.4 3.8

Ham, excluding canned3

........................ 0.8 6.6 0.1 0.4 4.4

Pork chops1

.......................................... 0.052 -3.0 0.8 -2.5 2.9 0.8

Other pork including roasts and picnics2

......... 0.075 -0.7 -1.0 -2.5 2.6 -0.2

Other meats............................................ 0.252 -1.5 1.0 -0.9 -0.4 1.3

Frankfurters3

......................................... -1.7 3.9 2.6 -3.5 5.0

Lunchmeats2, 3...................................... -2.0 0.3 -1.5 0.6 0.7

Lamb and organ meats1, 3......................... -2.1 0.5 1.1 -3.4 0.5

Lamb and mutton1, 2, 3.............................. -4.6 1.3 0.7 -4.1 1.3

Poultry1

.................................................. 0.339 0.4 1.0 0.2 0.1 1.0

Chicken1, 2........................................... 0.274 0.6 1.1 -0.2 0.1 1.1

Fresh whole chicken1, 3.......................... -1.5 0.9 -3.2 0.8 0.9

Fresh and frozen chicken parts1, 3............. 0.6 1.1 1.4 -0.7 1.1

Other poultry including turkey2

.................... 0.065 -0.4 0.6 0.5 -0.9 0.3

Fish and seafood...................................... 0.264 1.7 -1.0 -0.3 1.8 -1.1

Fresh fish and seafood2

............................ 0.144 3.2 -0.1 0.4 1.1 -1.3

Processed fish and seafood2

...................... 0.120 -0.1 -2.0 -1.0 2.8 -1.3

Shelf stable fish and seafood1, 3............... -2.1 -2.0 -1.2 -0.5 -2.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure

category, March 2017 — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

Unadjusted percent

change Seasonally adjusted percent change

Mar.

2016-

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

Dec.

2016-

Jan.

2017

Jan.

2017-

Feb.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

Frozen fish and seafood3

........................ 1.4 -2.3 -0.6 4.5 -1.5

Eggs........................................................ 0.103 -21.8 -3.6 14.3 -4.6 -1.8

Dairy and related products................................... 0.821 0.2 -0.9 0.8 0.8 -0.6

Milk1, 2........................................................ 0.231 0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.6

Fresh whole milk3

........................................ 1.5 -0.6 0.3 1.0 -0.2

Fresh milk other than whole2, 3......................... 0.0 -0.4 0.1 0.4 0.1

Cheese and related products.............................. 0.264 -0.7 -1.0 1.6 1.0 -0.9

Ice cream and related products........................... 0.119 0.6 -1.6 -0.5 1.1 -0.7

Other dairy and related products1, 2...................... 0.207 0.7 -0.6 1.6 0.0 -0.6

Fruits and vegetables......................................... 1.327 -1.8 0.2 -1.7 0.7 1.6

Fresh fruits and vegetables................................ 1.036 -2.2 0.3 -1.8 1.0 1.7

Fresh fruits................................................ 0.557 -0.5 1.0 -0.8 0.0 2.4

Apples................................................... 0.083 -5.3 0.9 -4.0 -1.0 1.8

Bananas1

............................................... 0.086 -1.3 -0.5 -0.3 0.1 -0.5

Citrus fruits2

............................................ 0.146 3.4 -0.2 3.2 0.2 -2.0

Oranges, including tangerines3

.................... 2.3 -0.7 4.1 -0.8 -1.6

Other fresh fruits2

...................................... 0.242 -0.8 2.3 -2.4 -0.2 6.4

Fresh vegetables......................................... 0.479 -4.1 -0.6 -3.0 2.3 0.9

Potatoes................................................. 0.080 1.2 -1.7 -3.0 1.5 -0.8

Lettuce.................................................. 0.062 -2.7 1.4 -4.9 6.5 4.7

Tomatoes1

.............................................. 0.082 -8.4 -2.0 -1.3 -0.2 -2.0

Other fresh vegetables................................ 0.256 -4.5 -0.3 -2.2 0.8 0.8

Processed fruits and vegetables2

...................... 0.292 -0.2 0.1 -1.2 -0.2 1.1

Canned fruits and vegetables2

....................... 0.153 -0.6 -0.3 -1.5 0.0 0.6

Canned fruits2, 3..................................... 0.7 -0.2 -1.5 0.5 0.2

Canned vegetables2, 3.............................. -1.4 -0.3 -1.6 -0.7 0.9

Frozen fruits and vegetables2

........................ 0.085 0.7 0.5 -0.8 0.1 1.1

Frozen vegetables3

................................. 1.2 0.1 -1.0 0.4 0.7

Other processed fruits and vegetables including

dried2

................................................. 0.054 -0.8 0.4 -0.7 -1.3 2.3

Dried beans, peas, and lentils1, 2, 3............... -4.5 0.5 -1.2 0.4 0.5

Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials. . . . . . . .. 0.960 0.2 -0.6 -0.3 1.5 -0.1

Juices and nonalcoholic drinks2

........................... 0.676 0.2 -0.6 -0.5 1.6 -0.1

Carbonated drinks........................................ 0.273 0.3 -0.7 -1.0 2.1 -0.5

Frozen noncarbonated juices and drinks1, 2.......... 0.011 1.8 0.6 -0.9 1.9 0.6

Nonfrozen noncarbonated juices and drinks2

......... 0.393 0.1 -0.5 -0.3 1.2 0.2

Beverage materials including coffee and tea2

........... 0.284 0.1 -0.7 0.1 1.5 -0.3

Coffee...................................................... 0.177 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.8 0.0

Roasted coffee3

........................................ 0.4 0.2 -0.1 1.8 -0.1

Instant and freeze dried coffee1, 3................... -0.7 -1.1 1.9 1.0 -1.1

Other beverage materials including tea1, 2............ 0.107 0.3 -1.9 -0.2 1.8 -1.9

Other food at home............................................ 1.974 0.1 0.5 0.2 -0.4 0.7

Sugar and sweets1

.......................................... 0.286 -0.3 0.4 0.5 -0.6 0.4

Sugar and artificial sweeteners......................... 0.049 -0.7 -0.9 0.4 -0.9 0.5

Candy and chewing gum1, 2............................. 0.181 -1.0 0.9 -0.2 -1.2 0.9

Other sweets2

............................................. 0.056 2.4 0.2 -1.8 1.7 0.7

Fats and oils................................................. 0.232 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.8 0.9

Butter and margarine2

................................... 0.068 1.6 0.4 2.0 1.2 1.3

Butter3

................................................... 0.1 1.6 3.9 0.6 2.3

Margarine3

.............................................. 3.7 -1.1 0.0 1.3 -0.5

Salad dressing2

........................................... 0.056 -0.3 0.5 0.2 0.2 1.2

Other fats and oils including peanut butter2

. . . . . . . . .. 0.108 -0.6 0.4 -1.8 0.9 0.5

Peanut butter1, 2, 3..................................... -1.6 1.0 -2.0 0.5 1.0

Other foods................................................ 1.456 0.2 0.6 0.2 -0.6 0.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure

category, March 2017 — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

Unadjusted percent

change Seasonally adjusted percent change

Mar.

2016-

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

Dec.

2016-

Jan.

2017

Jan.

2017-

Feb.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

Soups.................................................... 0.091 1.1 2.6 -0.2 -1.3 -0.2

Frozen and freeze dried prepared foods1

.......... 0.256 -1.5 -0.4 -2.1 0.8 -0.4

Snacks1

................................................. 0.327 -0.1 1.4 0.6 -0.5 1.4

Spices, seasonings, condiments, sauces........... 0.286 1.0 0.1 0.9 -0.7 0.7

Salt and other seasonings and spices2, 3........ 0.3 0.2 -0.7 -0.7 1.5

Olives, pickles, relishes1, 2, 3....................... -0.3 3.6 5.1 -2.5 3.6

Sauces and gravies2, 3............................. -0.5 -0.3 0.6 -0.5 -0.3

Other condiments3

.................................. 2.5 -0.7 -0.1 2.5 0.3

Baby food1, 2........................................... 0.056 1.4 -0.8 1.4 -0.1 -0.8

Other miscellaneous foods1, 2........................ 0.439 0.6 0.5 -1.0 0.3 0.5

Prepared salads1, 3, 4............................... 3.6 1.2 -0.8 0.1 1.2

Food away from home1

.......................................... 5.780 2.4 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2

Full service meals and snacks1, 2........................... 2.804 2.6 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1

Limited service meals and snacks1, 2....................... 2.453 2.2 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.2

Food at employee sites and schools2

....................... 0.198 2.5 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.2

Food at elementary and secondary schools1, 3, 5....... 1.8 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Food from vending machines and mobile vendors1, 2. . .. 0.082 3.7 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Other food away from home1, 2.............................. 0.244 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3

Energy................................................................ 7.153 10.9 0.2 4.0 -1.0 -3.2

Energy commodities............................................. 3.524 19.8 1.0 7.6 -2.8 -6.0

Fuel oil and other fuels........................................ 0.197 17.2 -1.0 3.1 -0.5 -4.1

Fuel oil1

....................................................... 0.105 24.9 -0.8 3.5 -0.4 -0.8

Propane, kerosene, and firewood6

........................ 0.092 9.5 -1.3 4.0 1.8 -0.3

Motor fuel....................................................... 3.328 19.9 1.1 7.9 -2.9 -6.1

Gasoline (all types)......................................... 3.277 19.9 1.1 7.8 -3.0 -6.2

Gasoline, unleaded regular3

............................ 20.2 1.1 8.0 -3.1 -6.4

Gasoline, unleaded midgrade3, 7....................... 18.0 1.4 6.7 -3.0 -5.3

Gasoline, unleaded premium3

.......................... 18.3 1.3 5.6 -2.9 -5.3

Other motor fuels2

.......................................... 0.051 24.1 0.2 10.7 0.1 -1.4

Energy services8

.................................................. 3.628 3.4 -0.6 0.3 1.0 -0.3

Electricity8

....................................................... 2.814 1.6 -0.4 0.0 0.8 -0.1

Utility (piped) gas service8

.................................... 0.814 10.3 -1.3 1.5 1.5 -0.8

All items less food and energy.................................... 79.191 2.0 0.1 0.3 0.2 -0.1

Commodities less food and energy commodities............ 19.125 -0.6 0.3 0.4 0.0 -0.3

Household furnishings and supplies9

....................... 3.170 -1.5 0.0 0.4 -0.1 -0.1

Window and floor coverings and other linens1, 2........ 0.256 -0.9 0.5 1.9 0.3 0.5

Floor coverings1, 2........................................ 0.057 -1.3 -0.2 -0.6 -0.9 -0.2

Window coverings1, 2..................................... 0.053 -0.4 -0.2 0.3 -1.2 -0.2

Other linens1, 2............................................ 0.145 -0.9 1.1 3.6 1.3 1.1

Furniture and bedding...................................... 0.755 -1.7 -0.1 0.9 0.4 -0.8

Bedroom furniture1

....................................... 0.263 -2.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1

Living room, kitchen, and dining room furniture1, 2. .. 0.360 -1.0 -0.2 1.2 -0.2 -0.2

Other furniture2

........................................... 0.127 -2.1 0.0 1.9 -0.4 -1.2

Infants’ furniture1, 3, 5.................................. 7.6

Appliances2

.................................................. 0.180 -2.7 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.5

Major appliances2

........................................ 0.055 -5.3 0.1 0.7 -1.4 -0.4

Laundry equipment3

................................... -4.4 -0.2 2.2 -2.2 -1.3

Other appliances1, 2...................................... 0.122 -1.4 0.1 1.5 1.9 0.1

Other household equipment and furnishings2

........... 0.458 -2.9 -0.4 1.1 -0.5 -0.1

Clocks, lamps, and decorator items1

.................. 0.232 -5.0 -0.3 1.5 -0.9 -0.3

Indoor plants and flowers10............................. 0.104 0.8 0.0 1.0 0.3 0.5

Dishes and flatware1, 2................................... 0.052 -2.5 -1.2 7.2 0.1 -1.2

Nonelectric cookware and tableware2

................. 0.069 -1.6 -0.6 0.9 -0.6 -1.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure

category, March 2017 — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

Unadjusted percent

change Seasonally adjusted percent change

Mar.

2016-

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

Dec.

2016-

Jan.

2017

Jan.

2017-

Feb.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

Tools, hardware, outdoor equipment and supplies2

. . .. 0.670 -0.7 0.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.0

Tools, hardware and supplies1, 2....................... 0.177 -1.6 -0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.1

Outdoor equipment and supplies2

...................... 0.335 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.5 0.1

Housekeeping supplies1

.................................... 0.852 -1.1 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1

Household cleaning products2

.......................... 0.338 -0.9 -0.1 0.0 -0.7 -0.2

Household paper products1, 2........................... 0.231 -1.0 -0.2 -0.5 0.4 -0.2

Miscellaneous household products1, 2................. 0.282 -1.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.4

Apparel.......................................................... 3.092 0.6 1.7 1.4 0.6 -0.7

Men’s and boys’ apparel................................... 0.789 0.3 -2.2 2.7 1.5 -2.8

Men’s apparel............................................. 0.638 0.4 -2.7 3.6 1.6 -3.1

Men’s suits, sport coats, and outerwear............ 0.101 4.0 -2.1 2.3 1.5 -3.2

Men’s furnishings...................................... 0.200 -0.9 -0.6 3.8 0.2 -0.6

Men’s shirts and sweaters2

........................... 0.181 1.7 -2.4 1.7 5.8 -4.6

Men’s pants and shorts............................... 0.150 -1.7 -6.3 3.2 1.9 -8.2

Boys’ apparel............................................. 0.151 0.0 -0.2 -1.5 1.1 -0.2

Women’s and girls’ apparel................................ 1.245 1.1 5.1 1.4 0.4 0.4

Women’s apparel......................................... 1.044 1.3 5.1 1.6 0.5 -0.1

Women’s outerwear................................... 0.068 2.1 7.1 0.9 8.0 4.8

Women’s dresses...................................... 0.152 5.1 8.5 5.2 -0.7 -0.9

Women’s suits and separates2

....................... 0.476 -0.3 5.3 1.8 0.6 -1.5

Women’s underwear, nightwear, sportswear and

accessories2

......................................... 0.339 1.8 2.8 -0.3 -0.1 1.9

Girls’ apparel.............................................. 0.201 0.0 5.0 -0.1 -0.6 3.1

Footwear..................................................... 0.679 0.1 1.9 0.4 -0.9 0.5

Men’s footwear1

.......................................... 0.213 -0.3 1.1 0.1 1.8 1.1

Boys’ and girls’ footwear................................ 0.166 1.3 2.3 0.9 -1.9 1.5

Women’s footwear........................................ 0.300 -0.3 2.3 0.1 -1.5 0.2

Infants’ and toddlers’ apparel.............................. 0.149 -3.6 -1.0 -0.6 2.7 -2.8

Jewelry and watches6

...................................... 0.230 3.8 -1.9 1.2 2.4 -1.5

Watches1, 6................................................ 0.082 -1.5 -4.0 5.5 1.3 -4.0

Jewelry6

.................................................... 0.148 6.9 -0.8 0.4 3.9 -0.2

Transportation commodities less motor fuel9

.............. 6.137 -1.5 0.2 0.4 -0.3 -0.4

New vehicles................................................. 3.687 0.2 -0.3 0.9 -0.2 -0.3

New cars and trucks2, 3.................................. 0.2 -0.3 0.8 -0.2 -0.3

New cars3

............................................... -0.1 -0.4 0.9 -0.2 -0.4

New trucks3, 11......................................... 0.3 -0.2 0.8 -0.4 -0.2

Used cars and trucks....................................... 1.974 -4.7 1.1 -0.4 -0.6 -0.9

Motor vehicle parts and equipment1

...................... 0.382 -0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.4

Tires1

....................................................... 0.228 -0.7 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.5

Vehicle accessories other than tires1, 2................ 0.154 0.4 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.2

Vehicle parts and equipment other than tires1, 3... 0.3 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.0

Motor oil, coolant, and fluids1, 3...................... 1.4 2.4 -1.6 -1.1 2.4

Medical care commodities.................................... 1.858 3.9 0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.2

Medicinal drugs1, 9.......................................... 1.798 4.0 0.1 0.7 0.5 0.1

Prescription drugs8

....................................... 1.442 4.7 0.0 0.3 -0.2 0.0

Nonprescription drugs1, 9................................ 0.357 1.2 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.6

Medical equipment and supplies1, 9...................... 0.060 1.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.8 -0.1

Recreation commodities9

..................................... 1.775 -3.3 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3

Video and audio products9

................................. 0.213 -11.8 0.2 0.6 0.5 -0.2

Televisions................................................ 0.101 -18.9 -0.5 1.1 0.4 -0.8

Other video equipment2

................................. 0.025 -3.7 -0.1 0.3 0.7 -1.6

Audio equipment1

........................................ 0.058 -7.5 -0.9 -0.5 0.5 -0.9

Audio discs, tapes and other media1, 2................ 0.023 0.4 5.7 1.4 0.3 5.7

Pets and pet products1

..................................... 0.579 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure

category, March 2017 — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

Unadjusted percent

change Seasonally adjusted percent change

Mar.

2016-

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

Dec.

2016-

Jan.

2017

Jan.

2017-

Feb.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

Pet food1, 2, 3.............................................. -0.2 -0.5 -0.1 0.2 -0.5

Purchase of pets, pet supplies, accessories1, 2, 3.... -0.5 0.4 -0.3 -0.6 0.4

Sporting goods.............................................. 0.427 -1.5 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3

Sports vehicles including bicycles1

..................... 0.225 0.1 -0.8 -0.2 -0.5 -0.8

Sports equipment......................................... 0.193 -3.4 -0.1 -0.1 0.6 -0.1

Photographic equipment and supplies................... 0.039 5.6 -0.4 0.0 0.6 -0.6

Film and photographic supplies1, 2, 3...................

Photographic equipment2, 3............................. 5.7 -0.4 0.0 0.7 -0.4

Recreational reading materials1

........................... 0.150 1.3 0.1 -0.5 -0.4 0.1

Newspapers and magazines1, 2........................ 0.088 2.7 0.1 -1.0 1.2 0.1

Recreational books1, 2................................... 0.061 -0.5 0.2 0.1 -2.5 0.2

Other recreational goods2

.................................. 0.367 -7.1 -1.4 -0.4 -0.1 -1.2

Toys........................................................ 0.295 -8.3 -1.3 -0.5 -0.3 -1.1

Toys, games, hobbies and playground

equipment2, 3......................................... -6.9 -1.9 0.6 -0.3 -1.5

Sewing machines, fabric and supplies1, 2............. 0.025 -2.5 -1.5 -0.9 -0.3 -1.5

Music instruments and accessories1, 2................ 0.034 -0.3 -1.9 0.4 1.3 -1.9

Education and communication commodities9

.............. 0.610 -2.7 -0.9 0.1 -0.2 -0.9

Educational books and supplies.......................... 0.163 6.0 0.3 -1.5 1.5 0.5

College textbooks1, 3, 12.................................. 7.6 0.7 -1.3 1.0 0.7

Information technology commodities9

.................... 0.446 -5.5 -1.3 0.6 -0.8 -1.4

Personal computers and peripheral equipment4

. . . .. 0.271 -5.4 -1.3 0.2 -1.0 -1.5

Computer software and accessories1, 2............... 0.085 -7.4 -1.2 2.9 -1.1 -1.2

Telephone hardware, calculators, and other

consumer information items1, 2....................... 0.090 -4.1 -1.5 0.0 0.5 -1.5

Alcoholic beverages........................................... 0.948 1.1 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.2

Alcoholic beverages at home.............................. 0.583 0.4 0.2 0.2 -0.4 0.3

Beer, ale, and other malt beverages at home........ 0.268 1.6 0.2 0.3 -0.2 0.2

Distilled spirits at home.................................. 0.073 -0.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.4 0.8

Whiskey at home1, 3................................... 0.2 1.2 1.4 -0.6 1.2

Distilled spirits, excluding whiskey, at home3

...... 0.2 0.2 -0.5 -0.7 0.8

Wine at home............................................. 0.242 -0.6 0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.0

Alcoholic beverages away from home1

.................. 0.365 2.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1

Beer, ale, and other malt beverages away from

home1, 2, 3............................................... 3.0 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.2

Wine away from home1, 2, 3............................. 1.8 0.0 -0.3 0.5 0.0

Distilled spirits away from home1, 2, 3.................. 1.8 0.0 -0.1 0.4 0.0

Other goods9

................................................... 1.536 0.4 -0.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.3

Tobacco and smoking products........................... 0.660 3.6 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.5

Cigarettes2

................................................ 0.597 3.7 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.5

Tobacco products other than cigarettes1, 2........... 0.046 2.8 -0.1 0.6 0.1 -0.1

Personal care products1

.................................... 0.694 -1.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.1 -0.6

Hair, dental, shaving, and miscellaneous personal

care products1, 2....................................... 0.371 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.7 -0.2

Cosmetics, perfume, bath, nail preparations and

implements1

............................................ 0.316 -2.2 -1.0 -0.4 -0.7 -1.0

Miscellaneous personal goods2

........................... 0.182 -4.5 -1.6 -0.9 -0.1 -1.9

Stationery, stationery supplies, gift wrap3

............. -0.2 -0.1 -1.2 0.0 0.0

Infants’ equipment1, 3, 5.................................. -8.4 -1.5 -0.1 -1.7 -1.5

Services less energy services.................................. 60.066 2.9 0.0 0.3 0.3 -0.1

Shelter........................................................... 33.561 3.5 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1

Rent of shelter13............................................. 33.221 3.5 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1

Rent of primary residence8

.............................. 7.843 3.9 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

Lodging away from home2

.............................. 0.910 0.4 1.3 -0.2 0.5 -2.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure

category, March 2017 — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

Unadjusted percent

change Seasonally adjusted percent change

Mar.

2016-

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

Dec.

2016-

Jan.

2017

Jan.

2017-

Feb.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

Housing at school, excluding board8, 13............ 0.120 3.0 -0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2

Other lodging away from home including hotels

and motels........................................... 0.790 0.0 1.6 -0.3 0.6 -2.8

Owners’ equivalent rent of residences8, 13............ 24.468 3.5 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Owners’ equivalent rent of primary

residence8, 13........................................ 23.348 3.5 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Tenants’ and household insurance1, 2................. 0.340 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2

Water and sewer and trash collection services2

........ 1.174 3.6 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.2

Water and sewerage maintenance8

.................... 0.889 4.1 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.3

Garbage and trash collection1, 11....................... 0.286 2.1 -0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.2

Household operations1, 2................................... 0.849 2.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1

Domestic services1, 2..................................... 0.281 1.7 0.1

Gardening and lawncare services1, 2.................. 0.282 3.5

Moving, storage, freight expense2

...................... 0.113 -0.4 -0.2 -0.5 -3.5 0.1

Repair of household items1, 2........................... 0.089 5.1 1.1 -0.2 0.3 1.1

Medical care services...................................... 6.697 3.4 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1

Professional services.................................... 3.147 2.5 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0

Physicians’ services8

.................................. 1.699 3.0 -0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.3

Dental services8

........................................ 0.813 2.1 0.4 -0.3 -0.1 0.6

Eyeglasses and eye care1, 6......................... 0.321 0.0 -0.7 0.5 0.1 -0.7

Services by other medical professionals1, 8, 6...... 0.315 3.3 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.3

Hospital and related services........................... 2.539 4.5 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4

Hospital services8, 14.................................. 2.268 4.7 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4

Inpatient hospital services8, 14, 3................... 4.1 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2

Outpatient hospital services8, 3, 6.................. 4.8 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.3

Nursing homes and adult day services8, 14......... 0.194 3.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3

Care of invalids and elderly at home1, 5............ 0.076 -0.1 -0.4 -1.5 1.0 -0.4

Health insurance1, 5...................................... 1.011 3.3 -0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.2

Transportation services..................................... 5.941 3.8 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.4

Leased cars and trucks12................................ 0.548 -1.4 -1.1 -0.3 2.3 -1.4

Car and truck rental2

..................................... 0.097 -4.4 2.1 -4.3 -1.9 -1.1

Motor vehicle maintenance and repair1

............... 1.162 2.1 -0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.1

Motor vehicle body work1

............................. 0.057 2.7 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.4

Motor vehicle maintenance and servicing1

......... 0.674 2.0 -0.4 0.8 0.2 -0.4

Motor vehicle repair1, 2................................ 0.389 2.1 0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.4

Motor vehicle insurance................................. 2.501 8.1 0.8 0.8 0.5 1.2

Motor vehicle fees1, 2.................................... 0.525 1.6 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0

State motor vehicle registration and license

fees1, 8, 2.............................................. 0.282 1.7 -0.1 0.8 0.0 -0.1

Parking and other fees1, 2............................ 0.232 1.3 0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.1

Parking fees and tolls1, 2, 3......................... 2.6 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Automobile service clubs1, 2, 3..................... -5.8 0.1 -3.6 0.0 0.1

Public transportation..................................... 1.109 0.6 0.8 1.3 1.4 0.2

Airline fares............................................. 0.654 0.0 1.1 2.0 2.4 0.4

Other intercity transportation......................... 0.174 2.3 0.8 0.7 0.5 -0.2

Intercity bus fare1, 3, 4............................... 1.2 1.8 -0.8 1.2

Intercity train fare1, 3, 4.............................. 6.0 1.5 -1.5 -2.4 1.5

Ship fare1, 2, 3........................................ 1.3 0.9 -1.2 -1.1 0.9

Intracity transportation1

............................... 0.278 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Intracity mass transit1, 3, 9.......................... 1.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1

Recreation services9

........................................ 3.925 3.5 0.4 0.7 0.9 0.2

Video and audio services9

.............................. 1.660 4.6 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.4

Cable and satellite television and radio

service11.............................................. 1.558 5.1 1.1 0.6 0.8 0.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by detailed expenditure

category, March 2017 — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

Unadjusted percent

change Seasonally adjusted percent change

Mar.

2016-

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

Dec.

2016-

Jan.

2017

Jan.

2017-

Feb.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

Video discs and other media, including rental of

video and audio1, 2.................................. 0.103 -1.7 -1.9 1.6 0.8 -1.9

Video discs and other media1, 2, 3................ -4.0 -3.5 4.8 0.5 -3.5

Rental of video or audio discs and other

media1, 2, 3......................................... 3.8 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.0

Pet services including veterinary2

...................... 0.369 2.2 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.1

Pet services1, 2, 3....................................... 1.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0

Veterinarian services2, 3............................... 2.4 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.1

Photographers and film processing1, 2................. 0.048 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5 0.3 -0.3

Photographer fees1, 2, 3............................... -2.4 0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0

Film processing1, 2, 3.................................. -0.1 -0.6 -1.1 0.9 -0.6

Other recreation services2

............................... 1.846 2.8 0.0 0.7 1.2 0.1

Club membership for shopping clubs, fraternal, or

other organizations, or participant sports

fees1, 2................................................ 0.646 2.1 0.0 -0.2 1.2 0.0

Admissions............................................. 0.651 3.6 -0.1 1.0 1.4 0.0

Admission to movies, theaters, and

concerts1, 2, 3...................................... 1.3 -0.3 0.1 0.6 -0.3

Admission to sporting events1, 2, 3................ 8.2 -2.1 5.5 2.1 -2.1

Fees for lessons or instructions1, 6.................. 0.223 3.2 0.8 1.4 0.3 0.8

Education and communication services9

................. 6.299 -2.1 -1.9 0.0 -0.2 -1.9

Tuition, other school fees, and childcare.............. 3.016 2.4 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0

College tuition and fees............................... 1.784 1.9 -0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.0

Elementary and high school tuition and fees. . . . .. 0.313 3.3 -0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2

Child care and nursery school10..................... 0.746 3.1 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.1

Technical and business school tuition and fees2

... 0.042 3.2 0.2 1.5 0.2 0.3

Postage and delivery services2

......................... 0.139 1.5 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.2

Postage................................................. 0.132 1.3 0.0 -0.2 1.3 0.2

Delivery services2

...................................... 0.007 4.2 0.4 2.8 0.8 0.8

Telephone services1, 2................................... 2.426 -7.8 -5.0 -0.1 -0.6 -5.0

Wireless telephone services1, 2...................... 1.695 -11.4 -7.0 -0.2 -1.4 -7.0

Land-line telephone services1, 9..................... 0.731 1.1 -0.3 0.1 1.3 -0.3

Internet services and electronic information

providers2

............................................... 0.706 -1.7 0.2 -0.1 -1.0 -0.4

Other personal services1, 9................................. 1.620 3.2 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.5

Personal care services1

................................. 0.606 1.9 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3

Haircuts and other personal care services1, 2...... 0.606 1.9 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3

Miscellaneous personal services1

...................... 1.014 4.0 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.6

Legal services1, 6...................................... 0.246 5.8 0.0 2.0 -0.7 0.0

Funeral expenses1, 6.................................. 0.144 1.9 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0

Laundry and dry cleaning services1, 2............... 0.266 2.7 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.5

Apparel services other than laundry and dry

cleaning1, 2........................................... 0.027 1.4 -0.5 0.7 0.0 -0.5

Financial services6

..................................... 0.233 5.4 1.7 -0.6 0.5 1.1

Checking account and other bank

services1, 2, 3...................................... 3.7 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0

Tax return preparation and other accounting

fees2, 3.............................................. 6.5 3.1 -1.6 1.1 2.4

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base.

3 Special index based on a substantially smaller sample.

4 Indexes on a December 2007=100 base.

5 Indexes on a December 2005=100 base.

6 Indexes on a December 1986=100 base.

7 Indexes on a December 1993=100 base.
8 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means

estimator.

9 Indexes on a December 2009=100 base.

10 Indexes on a December 1990=100 base. 11 Indexes on a December 1983=100 base. 12 Indexes on a December 2001=100 base. 13 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. 14 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base.

NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
Table 3. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, special aggregate indexes,

March 2017

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Special aggregate indexes

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

Unadjusted indexes Unadjusted percent

change

Seasonally adjusted percent

change

Mar.

2016

Feb.

2017

Mar.

2017

Mar.

2016-

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

Dec.

2016-

Jan.

2017

Jan.

2017-

Feb.

2017

Feb.

2017-

Mar.

2017

All items less food................................... 86.343 236.602 242.791 242.962 2.7 0.1 0.6 0.1 -0.4

All items less shelter................................ 66.439 222.363 226.424 226.469 1.8 0.0 0.7 0.0 -0.5

All items less food and shelter..................... 52.783 215.747 220.539 220.508 2.2 0.0 0.9 0.0 -0.7

All items less food, shelter, and energy.......... 45.630 224.802 227.066 226.956 1.0 0.0 0.4 0.2 -0.3

All items less food, shelter, energy, and used

cars and trucks.................................... 43.656 229.479 232.534 232.304 1.2 -0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.3

All items less medical care......................... 91.445 227.545 232.526 232.732 2.3 0.1 0.6 0.1 -0.3

All items less energy................................ 92.847 245.913 250.097 250.277 1.8 0.1 0.3 0.2 -0.1

Commodities......................................... 36.306 178.437 180.607 181.136 1.5 0.3 1.0 -0.2 -0.7

Commodities less food, energy, and used

cars and trucks................................. 17.151 147.024 146.655 146.911 -0.1 0.2 0.5 0.1 -0.3

Commodities less food........................... 22.649 147.528 150.122 150.691 2.1 0.4 1.6 -0.5 -1.3

Commodities less food and beverages........ 21.701 144.277 146.864 147.435 2.2 0.4 1.7 -0.5 -1.3

Services.............................................. 63.694 297.024 305.710 305.590 2.9 0.0 0.3 0.3 -0.1

Services less rent of shelter1

.................... 30.473 319.935 328.065 327.067 2.2 -0.3 0.3 0.4 -0.3

Services less medical care services........... 56.997 282.437 290.543 290.423 2.8 0.0 0.3 0.3 -0.1

Durables.............................................. 9.256 108.525 106.326 106.343 -2.0 0.0 0.3 -0.3 -0.3

Nondurables.......................................... 27.050 212.806 217.861 218.705 2.8 0.4 1.2 -0.1 -1.0

Nondurables less food........................... 13.394 183.308 191.649 192.856 5.2 0.6 2.2 -0.8 -2.1

Nondurables less food and beverages. . . . . . .. 12.446 179.677 188.358 189.614 5.5 0.7 2.4 -0.8 -2.2

Nondurables less food, beverages, and

apparel.......................................... 9.354 216.383 231.377 232.124 7.3 0.3 2.5 -1.9 -2.2

Nondurables less food and apparel............ 10.302 217.611 231.437 232.147 6.7 0.3 2.3 -1.8 -2.0

Housing............................................... 42.579 241.485 248.693 248.978 3.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1

Education and communication2

.................... 6.908 139.279 138.796 136.234 -2.2 -1.8 0.0 -0.2 -1.8

Education2

......................................... 3.179 244.876 251.356 251.113 2.5 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0

Communication2

.................................. 3.729 80.088 77.874 75.275 -6.0 -3.3 0.0 -0.6 -3.5

Information and information processing2

.... 3.590 76.199 73.974 71.409 -6.3 -3.5 0.0 -0.7 -3.6

Information technology, hardware and

services3

...................................... 1.163 7.919 7.694 7.666 -3.2 -0.4 0.2 -0.9 -0.8

Recreation2

........................................... 5.700 117.071 118.375 118.573 1.3 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.0

Video and audio2

................................. 1.874 101.510 103.132 104.011 2.5 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.3

Pets, pet products and services2

............... 0.948 168.942 170.166 170.197 0.7 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0

Photography2

...................................... 0.088 74.233 76.153 75.883 2.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.5 -0.4

Food and beverages................................ 14.605 247.677 248.595 248.967 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3

Domestically produced farm food............... 6.567 248.842 245.365 246.104 -1.1 0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.7

Other services....................................... 11.844 345.176 349.503 346.601 0.4 -0.8 0.3 0.2 -0.9

Apparel less footwear............................... 2.413 120.371 119.376 121.342 0.8 1.6 1.6 1.1 -1.0

Fuels and utilities.................................... 4.999 223.918 233.688 232.714 3.9 -0.4 0.5 0.7 -0.3

Household energy................................ 3.825 186.198 194.837 193.703 4.0 -0.6 0.4 0.9 -0.5

Medical care......................................... 8.555 458.620 474.546 474.561 3.5 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1

Transportation....................................... 15.405 191.257 199.147 200.091 4.6 0.5 2.2 -0.5 -1.4

Private transportation............................ 14.297 185.706 194.019 194.890 4.9 0.4 2.2 -0.7 -1.6

New and used motor vehicles2

............... 6.399 101.180 99.482 99.582 -1.6 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.6

Utilities and public transportation.................. 9.895 213.433 216.950 214.482 0.5 -1.1 0.4 0.6 -1.2

Household furnishings and operations........... 4.019 122.389 121.508 121.548 -0.7 0.0 0.3 -0.1 0.0

Other goods and services.......................... 3.156 420.632 427.992 428.336 1.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0

Personal care..................................... 2.496 223.241 226.263 226.301 1.4 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.1

1 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base.

2 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base.

3 Indexes on a December 1988=100 base.

NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
Table 4. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): Selected areas, all items index, March 2017

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Area Pricing

Schedule1

Percent change to Mar. 2017 from: Percent change to Feb. 2017 from:

Mar.

2016

Jan.

2017

Feb.

2017

Feb.

2016

Dec.

2016

Jan.

2017

U.S. city average............................................... M 2.4 0.4 0.1 2.7 0.9 0.3

Region and area size2

Northeast urban.............................................. M 2.2 0.2 -0.1 2.6 0.9 0.3

Size A - More than 1,500,000........................... M 2.3 0.2 -0.1 2.6 0.9 0.3

Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,0003

........................ M 2.1 0.0 -0.2 2.5 0.9 0.2

Midwest urban................................................ M 1.9 0.2 0.1 2.4 0.8 0.2

Size A - More than 1,500,000........................... M 2.1 0.3 0.1 2.5 0.8 0.2

Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,0003

........................ M 1.7 0.2 0.0 2.4 0.9 0.2

Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000)4

......... M 1.0 0.3 0.1 2.1 0.8 0.1

South urban................................................... M 2.2 0.3 0.0 2.8 0.8 0.2

Size A - More than 1,500,000........................... M 2.2 0.3 0.0 2.7 0.6 0.3

Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,0003

........................ M 2.3 0.2 0.0 3.0 0.9 0.2

Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000)4

......... M 1.7 0.5 0.2 2.1 0.6 0.3

West urban................................................... M 3.1 0.9 0.3 3.0 1.1 0.6

Size A - More than 1,500,000........................... M 3.2 0.8 0.3 3.2 1.1 0.5

Size B/C - 50,000 to 1,500,0003

........................ M 2.5 1.0 0.3 2.3 1.1 0.7

Size classes

A5

.............................................................. M 2.5 0.4 0.1 2.8 0.9 0.3

B/C3

............................................................ M 2.2 0.3 0.0 2.7 0.9 0.3

D4

.............................................................. M 2.0 0.5 0.1 2.5 0.7 0.3

Selected local areas6

Chicago-Gary-Kenosha, IL-IN-WI.......................... M 2.0 0.0 -0.1 2.2 0.9 0.1

Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County, CA7

............. M 2.7 0.9 0.3 2.7 1.4 0.6

New York-Northern N.J.-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT-PA. .. M 2.3 0.2 0.0 2.6 0.8 0.3

Boston-Brockton-Nashua, MA-NH-ME-CT................ 1 2.5 0.1

Cleveland-Akron, OH4

....................................... 1 1.3 0.3

Dallas-Fort Worth, TX....................................... 1 2.2 0.3

Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV8, 9............... 1 1.3 0.3

Atlanta, GA................................................... 2 3.5 1.2

Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI.................................. 2 3.0 0.9

Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, TX........................... 2 2.1 0.6

Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL.................................. 2 4.0 1.3

Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, PA-NJ-DE-MD... 2 2.1 0.7

San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA.................... 2 3.4 0.8

Seattle-Tacoma-Bremerton, WA........................... 2 3.4 1.0

1 Foods, fuels, and several other items are priced every month in all areas. Most other goods and services are priced as indicated: M - Every month.

1 - January, March, May, July, September, and November. 2 - February, April, June, August, October, and December.

2 Regions defined as the four Census regions.

3 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base.

4 This index will be discontinued after December, 2017.

5 Indexes on a December 1986=100 base.

6 In addition, the following metropolitan areas are published semiannually and appear in Tables 34 and 39 of the January and July issues of the CPI

Detailed Report: Anchorage, AK; Cincinnati-Hamilton, OH-KY-IN; Denver-Boulder-Greeley, CO; Honolulu, HI; Kansas City, MO-KS;

Milwaukee-Racine, WI; Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI; Phoenix-Mesa, AZ; Pittsburgh, PA; Portland-Salem, OR-WA; St. Louis, MO-IL; San Diego, CA;

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL.

7 Los Angeles and Riverside will have separate indexes beginning January, 2018. The Los Angeles index will continue to be published monthly. A

Riverside index will be published for odd months beginning January, 2018.

8 Indexes on a November 1996=100 base.

9 This index will be discontinued after December, 2017. Washington DC and Baltimore will have separate indexes beginning January, 2018. A

Washington DC index will be published for odd months beginning January, 2018. A Baltimore index will be published for even months beginning

February, 2018.

NOTE: Local area indexes are byproducts of the national CPI program. Each local index has a smaller sample size than the national index and is,

therefore, subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error. As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national

index, although their long-term trends are similar. Therefore, the Bureau of Labor Statistics strongly urges users to consider adopting the national

average CPI for use in their escalator clauses.

NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
Table 5. Chained Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (C-CPI-U) and the Consumer Price Index for

All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, all items index, March 2017

[Percent changes]

Month Year Unadjusted 1-month percent change Unadjusted 12-month percent change

C-CPI-U1 CPI-U C-CPI-U1 CPI-U

December 2000............................. 2.6 3.4

December 2001............................. 1.3 1.6

December 2002............................. 2.0 2.4

December 2003............................. 1.7 1.9

December 2004............................. 3.2 3.3

December 2005............................. 2.9 3.4

December 2006............................. 2.3 2.5

December 2007............................. 3.7 4.1

December 2008............................. 0.2 0.1

December 2009............................. 2.5 2.7

December 2010............................. 1.3 1.5

December 2011............................. 2.9 3.0

December 2012............................. 1.5 1.7

December 2013............................. 1.3 1.5

December 2014............................. 0.5 0.8

January 2015............................... -0.5 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1

February 2015.............................. 0.4 0.4 -0.4 0.0

March 2015.................................. 0.7 0.6 -0.3 -0.1

April 2015.................................... 0.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.2

May 2015.................................... 0.6 0.5 -0.2 0.0

June 2015................................... 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.1

July 2015.................................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2

August 2015................................. -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.2

September 2015............................ -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 0.0

October 2015............................... -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.2

November 2015............................. -0.3 -0.2 0.2 0.5

December 2015............................. -0.4 -0.3 0.4 0.7

January 2016............................... 0.1 0.2 1.1 1.4

February 2016.............................. 0.0 0.1 0.7 1.0

March 2016.................................. 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.9

April 2016.................................... 0.6 0.5 0.9 1.1

May 2016.................................... 0.5 0.4 0.8 1.0

June 2016................................... 0.3 0.3 0.8 1.0

July 2016.................................... -0.2 -0.2 0.6 0.8

August 2016................................. 0.0 0.1 0.8 1.1

September 2016............................ 0.3 0.2 1.3 1.5

October 2016............................... 0.1 0.1 1.5 1.6

November 2016............................. -0.2 -0.2 1.6 1.7

December 2016............................. 0.0 0.0 2.1 2.1

January 2017............................... 0.6 0.6 2.6 2.5

February 2017.............................. 0.3 0.3 2.9 2.7

March 2017.................................. 0.1 0.1 2.4 2.4

1 The C-CPI-U is designed to be a closer approximation to a cost-of-living index in that it, in its final form, accounts for any substitution that

consumers make across item categories in response to changes in relative prices. Since the expenditure data required for the calculation of the

C-CPI-U are available only with a time lag, the C-CPI-U is being issued first in preliminary form using the latest available expenditure data at that

time and is subject to two revisions.

Indexes are issued as initial estimates. Indexes are revised each quarter with the publication of January, April, July, and October data as updated

expenditure estimates become available. The C-CPI-U indexes are updated quarterly until they become final. January-March indexes are final in

January of the following year; April-June indexes are final in April of the following year; July-September indexes are final in July of the following year;

October-December indexes are final in October of the following year.

NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2017, 1-month analysis table

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

One Month

Seasonally

adjusted

percent

change

Feb. 2017-

Mar. 2017

Seasonally

adjusted

effect on All

Items

Feb. 2017-

Mar. 20171

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

seasonally adjusted

change since:3

Date Percent

change

All items................................................................. 100.000 -0.3 0.03 S-Jan.2015 -0.6

Food.................................................................. 13.657 0.3 0.047 0.06 L-Sep.2015 0.3

Food at home..................................................... 7.877 0.5 0.037 0.11 L-May 2014 0.7

Cereals and bakery products................................. 1.060 0.3 0.003 0.23 L-Oct.2015 0.7

Cereals and cereal products............................... 0.355 -0.4 -0.001 0.42 S-Aug.2016 -0.6

Flour and prepared flour mixes......................... 0.043 1.4 0.001 0.68 L-Jul.2016 1.6

Breakfast cereal4

......................................... 0.183 -0.3 0.000 0.63 S-Jan.2017 -1.2

Rice, pasta, cornmeal4

................................... 0.130 -0.8 -0.001 0.71 S-Nov.2016 -1.3

Rice4, 5, 6................................................ -1.1 0.76 S-Sep.2016 -2.4

Bakery products4

......................................... 0.705 0.4 0.003 0.29 L-Jan.2017 0.7

Bread4, 5................................................. 0.211 -0.6 -0.001 0.51 S-Mar.2016 -0.6

White bread4, 6...................................... -0.7 0.72 S-Aug.2016 -0.9

Bread other than white4, 6.......................... -0.6 0.78 S-Dec.2016 -0.9

Fresh biscuits, rolls, muffins5

......................... 0.102 2.7 0.003 0.63 L-Apr.2008 2.7

Cakes, cupcakes, and cookies....................... 0.172 -0.4 -0.001 0.49 L-Jan.2017 0.6

Cookies6

.............................................. 0.1 0.78 L-Jan.2017 1.1

Fresh cakes and cupcakes4, 6..................... -0.6 0.77 S-Dec.2016 -0.6

Other bakery products................................ 0.220 1.2 0.003 0.56 L-Jul.2015 1.4

Fresh sweetrolls, coffeecakes, doughnuts4, 6.... 0.2 1.10 S-Jan.2017 -1.5

Crackers, bread, and cracker products6

......... 2.2 0.95 L-Aug.2013 3.3

Frozen and refrigerated bakery products, pies,

tarts, turnovers6

................................... 0.8 0.96 L-Nov.2016 0.9

Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs................................ 1.735 0.3 0.006 0.24 L-Jan.2017 0.7

Meats, poultry, and fish.................................... 1.632 0.5 0.008 0.24 – –

Meats...................................................... 1.030 0.7 0.007 0.28 L-Sep.2014 1.4

Beef and veal.......................................... 0.457 -0.2 -0.001 0.43 S-Dec.2016 -0.7

Uncooked ground beef4

............................ 0.184 1.1 0.002 0.56 L-Jan.2015 1.3

Uncooked beef roasts4, 5........................... 0.061 2.7 0.002 1.03 L-May 2016 2.9

Uncooked beef steaks5

............................. 0.164 -1.5 -0.003 0.82 S-Jul.2016 -2.0

Uncooked other beef and veal4, 5................. 0.047 -1.9 -0.001 0.89 S-May 2015 -2.5

Pork...................................................... 0.321 1.5 0.005 0.50 – –

Bacon, breakfast sausage, and related

products5

.......................................... 0.137 2.8 0.004 0.71 L-May 2014 3.5

Bacon and related products6

.................... 4.8 1.07 L-Oct.2010 5.6

Breakfast sausage and related products5, 6... -0.5 1.07 S-Nov.2016 -1.1

Ham................................................... 0.056 3.8 0.002 1.03 L-Apr.2008 7.0

Ham, excluding canned6

........................ 4.4 1.14 L-Apr.2008 7.5

Pork chops4

.......................................... 0.052 0.8 0.000 1.31 S-Jan.2017 -2.5

Other pork including roasts and picnics5

......... 0.075 -0.2 0.000 1.04 S-Jan.2017 -2.5

Other meats............................................ 0.252 1.3 0.003 0.52 L-May 2014 1.3

Frankfurters6

......................................... 5.0 1.86 L-Jul.2011 5.5

Lunchmeats5, 6...................................... 0.7 0.61 L-Sep.2016 0.7

Lamb and organ meats4, 6......................... 0.5 1.17 L-Jan.2017 1.1

Lamb and mutton4, 5, 6.............................. 1.3 1.27 L-Apr.2016 4.1

Poultry4

.................................................. 0.339 1.0 0.003 0.60 L-Apr.2016 1.0

Chicken4, 5........................................... 0.274 1.1 0.003 0.68 L-Apr.2016 1.1

Fresh whole chicken4, 6.......................... 0.9 1.68 L-Sep.2016 2.9

Fresh and frozen chicken parts4, 6............. 1.1 0.90 L-Jan.2017 1.4

Other poultry including turkey5

.................... 0.065 0.3 0.000 0.83 L-Jan.2017 0.5

Fish and seafood...................................... 0.264 -1.1 -0.003 0.55 S-Sep.2015 -1.2

Fresh fish and seafood5

............................ 0.144 -1.3 -0.002 0.84 S-Sep.2015 -1.3

Processed fish and seafood5

...................... 0.120 -1.3 -0.002 0.62 S-Nov.2013 -1.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2017, 1-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

One Month

Seasonally

adjusted

percent

change

Feb. 2017-

Mar. 2017

Seasonally

adjusted

effect on All

Items

Feb. 2017-

Mar. 20171

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

seasonally adjusted

change since:3

Date Percent

change

Shelf stable fish and seafood4, 6............... -2.0 0.87 S-Mar.2013 -2.3

Frozen fish and seafood6

........................ -1.5 0.88 S-Dec.2015 -1.5

Eggs........................................................ 0.103 -1.8 -0.002 0.94 L-Jan.2017 14.3

Dairy and related products................................... 0.821 -0.6 -0.005 0.26 S-Oct.2015 -0.7

Milk4, 5........................................................ 0.231 -0.6 -0.001 0.35 S-Nov.2016 -1.1

Fresh whole milk6

........................................ -0.2 0.48 S-Nov.2016 -0.9

Fresh milk other than whole5, 6......................... 0.1 0.57 S-Jan.2017 0.1

Cheese and related products.............................. 0.264 -0.9 -0.002 0.47 S-Aug.2015 -1.3

Ice cream and related products........................... 0.119 -0.7 -0.001 0.76 S-Sep.2016 -1.2

Other dairy and related products4, 5...................... 0.207 -0.6 -0.001 0.58 S-Nov.2016 -0.9

Fruits and vegetables......................................... 1.327 1.6 0.021 0.28 L-Mar.2011 1.9

Fresh fruits and vegetables................................ 1.036 1.7 0.018 0.33 L-Mar.2011 2.2

Fresh fruits................................................ 0.557 2.4 0.013 0.48 L-Mar.2014 3.2

Apples................................................... 0.083 1.8 0.001 0.97 L-Oct.2015 3.0

Bananas4

............................................... 0.086 -0.5 0.000 0.70 S-Nov.2016 -0.5

Citrus fruits5

............................................ 0.146 -2.0 -0.003 0.95 S-Jul.2016 -2.0

Oranges, including tangerines6

.................... -1.6 1.35 S-Aug.2016 -2.3

Other fresh fruits5

...................................... 0.242 6.4 0.015 0.86 L-Jul.2011 7.3

Fresh vegetables......................................... 0.479 0.9 0.004 0.55 S-Jan.2017 -3.0

Potatoes................................................. 0.080 -0.8 -0.001 1.11 S-Jan.2017 -3.0

Lettuce.................................................. 0.062 4.7 0.003 1.38 S-Jan.2017 -4.9

Tomatoes4

.............................................. 0.082 -2.0 -0.002 1.30 S-Dec.2016 -2.3

Other fresh vegetables................................ 0.256 0.8 0.002 0.82 – –

Processed fruits and vegetables5

...................... 0.292 1.1 0.003 0.45 L-Apr.2016 1.4

Canned fruits and vegetables5

....................... 0.153 0.6 0.001 0.58 L-Apr.2016 1.4

Canned fruits5, 6..................................... 0.2 0.77 S-Jan.2017 -1.5

Canned vegetables5, 6.............................. 0.9 0.80 L-Apr.2016 1.0

Frozen fruits and vegetables5

........................ 0.085 1.1 0.001 0.93 L-Nov.2016 1.1

Frozen vegetables6

................................. 0.7 1.27 L-Nov.2016 1.8

Other processed fruits and vegetables including

dried5

................................................. 0.054 2.3 0.001 0.81 L-Oct.2011 2.8

Dried beans, peas, and lentils4, 5, 6............... 0.5 0.82 L-Nov.2016 1.4

Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials. . . . . . . .. 0.960 -0.1 -0.001 0.34 S-Jan.2017 -0.3

Juices and nonalcoholic drinks5

........................... 0.676 -0.1 -0.001 0.42 S-Jan.2017 -0.5

Carbonated drinks........................................ 0.273 -0.5 -0.001 0.75 S-Jan.2017 -1.0

Frozen noncarbonated juices and drinks4, 5.......... 0.011 0.6 0.000 0.58 S-Jan.2017 -0.9

Nonfrozen noncarbonated juices and drinks5

......... 0.393 0.2 0.001 0.50 S-Jan.2017 -0.3

Beverage materials including coffee and tea5

........... 0.284 -0.3 -0.001 0.51 S-Dec.2016 -0.5

Coffee...................................................... 0.177 0.0 0.000 0.72 S-Dec.2016 -0.6

Roasted coffee6

........................................ -0.1 0.96 S-Jan.2017 -0.1

Instant and freeze dried coffee4, 6................... -1.1 1.06 S-Dec.2016 -1.2

Other beverage materials including tea4, 5............ 0.107 -1.9 -0.002 0.65 S-Jun.2016 -1.9

Other food at home............................................ 1.974 0.7 0.013 0.20 L-Jan.2012 0.8

Sugar and sweets4

.......................................... 0.286 0.4 0.001 0.47 L-Jan.2017 0.5

Sugar and artificial sweeteners......................... 0.049 0.5 0.000 0.71 L-Aug.2016 0.5

Candy and chewing gum4, 5............................. 0.181 0.9 0.002 0.68 L-Mar.2016 0.9

Other sweets5

............................................. 0.056 0.7 0.000 0.67 S-Jan.2017 -1.8

Fats and oils................................................. 0.232 0.9 0.002 0.42 L-Dec.2016 1.0

Butter and margarine5

................................... 0.068 1.3 0.001 0.81 L-Jan.2017 2.0

Butter6

................................................... 2.3 1.05 L-Jan.2017 3.9

Margarine6

.............................................. -0.5 0.89 S-Oct.2016 -0.6

Salad dressing5

........................................... 0.056 1.2 0.001 0.83 L-Dec.2016 2.1

Other fats and oils including peanut butter5

. . . . . . . . .. 0.108 0.5 0.001 0.56 S-Jan.2017 -1.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2017, 1-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

One Month

Seasonally

adjusted

percent

change

Feb. 2017-

Mar. 2017

Seasonally

adjusted

effect on All

Items

Feb. 2017-

Mar. 20171

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

seasonally adjusted

change since:3

Date Percent

change

Peanut butter4, 5, 6..................................... 1.0 0.93 L-Dec.2016 3.8

Other foods................................................ 1.456 0.7 0.010 0.25 L-Jul.2014 0.7

Soups.................................................... 0.091 -0.2 0.000 0.95 L-Jan.2017 -0.2

Frozen and freeze dried prepared foods4

.......... 0.256 -0.4 -0.001 0.60 S-Jan.2017 -2.1

Snacks4

................................................. 0.327 1.4 0.005 0.66 L-Feb.2015 2.7

Spices, seasonings, condiments, sauces........... 0.286 0.7 0.002 0.55 L-Jan.2017 0.9

Salt and other seasonings and spices5, 6........ 1.5 0.81 L-Dec.2016 1.8

Olives, pickles, relishes4, 5, 6....................... 3.6 1.20 L-Jan.2017 5.1

Sauces and gravies5, 6............................. -0.3 0.81 L-Jan.2017 0.6

Other condiments6

.................................. 0.3 0.80 S-Jan.2017 -0.1

Baby food4, 5........................................... 0.056 -0.8 0.000 0.64 S-Jun.2015 -1.2

Other miscellaneous foods4, 5........................ 0.439 0.5 0.002 0.41 L-Nov.2016 0.6

Prepared salads4, 7, 6............................... 1.2 0.71 L-Oct.2016 3.6

Food away from home4

.......................................... 5.780 0.2 0.009 0.04 – –

Full service meals and snacks4, 5........................... 2.804 0.1 0.004 0.05 S-Oct.2016 0.0

Limited service meals and snacks4, 5....................... 2.453 0.2 0.005 0.07 L-Jan.2017 0.5

Food at employee sites and schools5

....................... 0.198 0.2 0.000 0.15 S-Dec.2016 0.2

Food at elementary and secondary schools4, 8, 6....... 0.0 0.06 L-Jan.2017 0.0

Food from vending machines and mobile vendors4, 5. . .. 0.082 0.2 0.000 0.17 – –

Other food away from home4, 5.............................. 0.244 0.3 0.001 0.04 L-Dec.2015 0.3

Energy................................................................ 7.153 -3.2 -0.238 0.09 S-Feb.2016 -4.8

Energy commodities............................................. 3.524 -6.0 -0.227 0.15 S-Feb.2016 -10.2

Fuel oil and other fuels........................................ 0.197 -4.1 -0.008 0.39 S-Dec.2015 -5.8

Fuel oil4

....................................................... 0.105 -0.8 -0.001 0.48 S-Nov.2016 -1.2

Propane, kerosene, and firewood9

........................ 0.092 -0.3 0.000 0.63 S-Oct.2016 -0.4

Motor fuel....................................................... 3.328 -6.1 -0.220 0.15 S-Feb.2016 -10.6

Gasoline (all types)......................................... 3.277 -6.2 -0.219 0.16 S-Feb.2016 -10.7

Gasoline, unleaded regular6

............................ -6.4 0.65 S-Feb.2016 -10.9

Gasoline, unleaded midgrade10, 6...................... -5.3 0.63 S-Feb.2016 -10.3

Gasoline, unleaded premium6

.......................... -5.3 0.56 S-Feb.2016 -10.4

Other motor fuels5

.......................................... 0.051 -1.4 -0.001 0.23 S-Feb.2016 -6.7

Energy services11................................................ 3.628 -0.3 -0.011 0.08 S-Jun.2016 -0.3

Electricity11..................................................... 2.814 -0.1 -0.004 0.09 S-Jun.2016 -0.4

Utility (piped) gas service11................................... 0.814 -0.8 -0.006 0.10 S-Dec.2015 -1.5

All items less food and energy.................................... 79.191 -0.1 -0.096 0.04 S-Jan.2010 -0.1

Commodities less food and energy commodities............ 19.125 -0.3 -0.063 0.08 S-Mar.2016 -0.3

Household furnishings and supplies12...................... 3.170 -0.1 -0.003 0.15 – –

Window and floor coverings and other linens4, 5........ 0.256 0.5 0.001 0.60 L-Jan.2017 1.9

Floor coverings4, 5........................................ 0.057 -0.2 0.000 0.54 L-Dec.2016 0.1

Window coverings4, 5..................................... 0.053 -0.2 0.000 1.05 L-Jan.2017 0.3

Other linens4, 5............................................ 0.145 1.1 0.002 0.91 S-Dec.2016 -4.2

Furniture and bedding...................................... 0.755 -0.8 -0.006 0.34 S-Nov.2016 -0.8

Bedroom furniture4

....................................... 0.263 0.1 0.000 0.42 S-Jan.2017 0.1

Living room, kitchen, and dining room furniture4, 5. .. 0.360 -0.2 -0.001 0.47 – –

Other furniture5

........................................... 0.127 -1.2 -0.001 0.67 S-Mar.2016 -1.5

Infants’ furniture4, 8, 6.................................. 0.55 – –

Appliances5

.................................................. 0.180 0.5 0.001 0.60 L-Jul.2014 0.5

Major appliances5

........................................ 0.055 -0.4 0.000 0.72 L-Jan.2017 0.7

Laundry equipment6

................................... -1.3 1.15 L-Jan.2017 2.2

Other appliances4, 5...................................... 0.122 0.1 0.000 0.79 S-Dec.2016 -1.6

Other household equipment and furnishings5

........... 0.458 -0.1 -0.001 0.41 L-Jan.2017 1.1

Clocks, lamps, and decorator items4

.................. 0.232 -0.3 -0.001 0.57 L-Jan.2017 1.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2017, 1-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

One Month

Seasonally

adjusted

percent

change

Feb. 2017-

Mar. 2017

Seasonally

adjusted

effect on All

Items

Feb. 2017-

Mar. 20171

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

seasonally adjusted

change since:3

Date Percent

change

Indoor plants and flowers13............................. 0.104 0.5 0.000 0.57 L-Jan.2017 1.0

Dishes and flatware4, 5................................... 0.052 -1.2 -0.001 1.22 S-Dec.2016 -3.3

Nonelectric cookware and tableware5

................. 0.069 -1.0 -0.001 0.60 S-May 2016 -1.2

Tools, hardware, outdoor equipment and supplies5

. . .. 0.670 0.0 0.000 0.22 L-Dec.2016 0.1

Tools, hardware and supplies4, 5....................... 0.177 -0.1 0.000 0.42 S-Dec.2016 -0.6

Outdoor equipment and supplies5

...................... 0.335 0.1 0.000 0.26 L-Dec.2016 0.5

Housekeeping supplies4

.................................... 0.852 0.1 0.001 0.22 L-Dec.2016 0.2

Household cleaning products5

.......................... 0.338 -0.2 -0.001 0.36 L-Jan.2017 0.0

Household paper products4, 5........................... 0.231 -0.2 0.000 0.43 S-Jan.2017 -0.5

Miscellaneous household products4, 5................. 0.282 0.4 0.001 0.38 L-Feb.2016 0.6

Apparel.......................................................... 3.092 -0.7 -0.022 0.37 S-Mar.2016 -0.9

Men’s and boys’ apparel................................... 0.789 -2.8 -0.022 0.63 S-EVER –

Men’s apparel............................................. 0.638 -3.1 -0.020 0.67 S-EVER –

Men’s suits, sport coats, and outerwear............ 0.101 -3.2 -0.003 1.50 S-Apr.2015 -3.5

Men’s furnishings...................................... 0.200 -0.6 -0.001 1.34 S-Dec.2016 -0.7

Men’s shirts and sweaters5

........................... 0.181 -4.6 -0.008 1.09 S-EVER –

Men’s pants and shorts............................... 0.150 -8.2 -0.012 1.28 S-EVER –

Boys’ apparel............................................. 0.151 -0.2 0.000 1.60 S-Jan.2017 -1.5

Women’s and girls’ apparel................................ 1.245 0.4 0.005 0.62 – –

Women’s apparel......................................... 1.044 -0.1 -0.001 0.69 S-Dec.2016 -0.4

Women’s outerwear................................... 0.068 4.8 0.003 2.01 S-Jan.2017 0.9

Women’s dresses...................................... 0.152 -0.9 -0.001 1.69 S-Sep.2016 -1.3

Women’s suits and separates5

....................... 0.476 -1.5 -0.007 0.82 S-Oct.2014 -1.5

Women’s underwear, nightwear, sportswear and

accessories5

......................................... 0.339 1.9 0.007 1.16 L-Dec.2011 2.2

Girls’ apparel.............................................. 0.201 3.1 0.006 1.60 L-Aug.2016 4.2

Footwear..................................................... 0.679 0.5 0.003 0.60 L-Oct.2016 0.8

Men’s footwear4

.......................................... 0.213 1.1 0.002 1.01 S-Jan.2017 0.1

Boys’ and girls’ footwear................................ 0.166 1.5 0.003 1.05 L-Mar.2015 2.5

Women’s footwear........................................ 0.300 0.2 0.001 0.90 L-Dec.2016 0.7

Infants’ and toddlers’ apparel.............................. 0.149 -2.8 -0.004 1.33 S-Dec.2015 -4.1

Jewelry and watches9

...................................... 0.230 -1.5 -0.004 1.25 S-Sep.2016 -1.5

Watches4, 9................................................ 0.082 -4.0 -0.003 1.51 S-Nov.2016 -4.4

Jewelry9

.................................................... 0.148 -0.2 0.000 1.40 S-Dec.2016 -0.7

Transportation commodities less motor fuel12............. 6.137 -0.4 -0.027 0.07 S-EVER –

New vehicles................................................. 3.687 -0.3 -0.011 0.12 S-Apr.2016 -0.3

New cars and trucks5, 6.................................. -0.3 0.15 S-Apr.2016 -0.3

New cars6

............................................... -0.4 0.17 S-Apr.2016 -0.4

New trucks14, 6......................................... -0.2 0.15 L-Jan.2017 0.8

Used cars and trucks....................................... 1.974 -0.9 -0.018 0.02 S-Dec.2014 -0.9

Motor vehicle parts and equipment4

...................... 0.382 0.4 0.001 0.27 L-Dec.2016 0.6

Tires4

....................................................... 0.228 0.5 0.001 0.33 L-Aug.2016 0.8

Vehicle accessories other than tires4, 5................ 0.154 0.2 0.000 0.42 L-Dec.2016 1.0

Vehicle parts and equipment other than tires4, 6... 0.0 0.36 L-Jan.2017 0.2

Motor oil, coolant, and fluids4, 6...................... 2.4 0.83 L-Aug.2016 3.3

Medical care commodities.................................... 1.858 0.2 0.004 0.26 L-Jan.2017 0.3

Medicinal drugs4, 12......................................... 1.798 0.1 0.002 0.27 S-Dec.2016 0.0

Prescription drugs11...................................... 1.442 0.0 0.000 0.33 L-Jan.2017 0.3

Nonprescription drugs4, 12............................... 0.357 0.6 0.002 0.46 L-Sep.2016 0.8

Medical equipment and supplies4, 12..................... 0.060 -0.1 0.000 0.54 S-Jan.2017 -0.1

Recreation commodities12.................................... 1.775 -0.3 -0.006 0.17 S-Oct.2016 -0.4

Video and audio products12................................ 0.213 -0.2 0.000 0.54 S-Dec.2016 -1.2

Televisions................................................ 0.101 -0.8 -0.001 0.85 S-Dec.2016 -2.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2017, 1-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

One Month

Seasonally

adjusted

percent

change

Feb. 2017-

Mar. 2017

Seasonally

adjusted

effect on All

Items

Feb. 2017-

Mar. 20171

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

seasonally adjusted

change since:3

Date Percent

change

Other video equipment5

................................. 0.025 -1.6 0.000 0.67 S-Jul.2015 -1.8

Audio equipment4

........................................ 0.058 -0.9 -0.001 1.01 S-Oct.2016 -1.7

Audio discs, tapes and other media4, 5................ 0.023 5.7 0.001 0.72 L-Aug.2002 6.0

Pets and pet products4

..................................... 0.579 0.0 0.000 0.26 L-Dec.2016 0.0

Pet food4, 5, 6.............................................. -0.5 0.30 S-Oct.2016 -0.8

Purchase of pets, pet supplies, accessories4, 5, 6.... 0.4 0.48 L-Sep.2016 0.5

Sporting goods.............................................. 0.427 -0.3 -0.001 0.29 S-Jan.2017 -0.4

Sports vehicles including bicycles4

..................... 0.225 -0.8 -0.002 0.37 S-Jun.2016 -1.2

Sports equipment......................................... 0.193 -0.1 0.000 0.46 S-Jan.2017 -0.1

Photographic equipment and supplies................... 0.039 -0.6 0.000 0.73 S-Apr.2016 -2.7

Film and photographic supplies4, 5, 6...................

Photographic equipment5, 6............................. -0.4 0.80 S-Apr.2016 -3.6

Recreational reading materials4

........................... 0.150 0.1 0.000 0.67 L-Dec.2016 1.4

Newspapers and magazines4, 5........................ 0.088 0.1 0.000 0.85 S-Jan.2017 -1.0

Recreational books4, 5................................... 0.061 0.2 0.000 0.95 L-Dec.2016 0.5

Other recreational goods5

.................................. 0.367 -1.2 -0.005 0.38 S-Jun.2016 -1.3

Toys........................................................ 0.295 -1.1 -0.003 0.43 S-Oct.2016 -1.2

Toys, games, hobbies and playground

equipment5, 6......................................... -1.5 0.49 S-Feb.2015 -2.4

Sewing machines, fabric and supplies4, 5............. 0.025 -1.5 0.000 1.25 S-Sep.2016 -2.3

Music instruments and accessories4, 5................ 0.034 -1.9 -0.001 0.26 S-Jan.2007 -1.9

Education and communication commodities12............. 0.610 -0.9 -0.006 0.31 S-May 2016 -0.9

Educational books and supplies.......................... 0.163 0.5 0.001 0.42 S-Jan.2017 -1.5

College textbooks4, 15, 6.................................. 0.7 0.50 S-Jan.2017 -1.3

Information technology commodities12................... 0.446 -1.4 -0.006 0.39 S-Nov.2014 -1.4

Personal computers and peripheral equipment7

. . . .. 0.271 -1.5 -0.004 0.47 S-Dec.2014 -1.6

Computer software and accessories4, 5............... 0.085 -1.2 -0.001 1.26 S-Nov.2016 -2.1

Telephone hardware, calculators, and other

consumer information items4, 5....................... 0.090 -1.5 -0.001 0.59 S-Oct.2016 -1.8

Alcoholic beverages........................................... 0.948 0.2 0.002 0.13 L-Jan.2017 0.2

Alcoholic beverages at home.............................. 0.583 0.3 0.001 0.21 L-Oct.2016 0.3

Beer, ale, and other malt beverages at home........ 0.268 0.2 0.000 0.25 L-Jan.2017 0.3

Distilled spirits at home.................................. 0.073 0.8 0.001 0.35 L-May 2014 1.0

Whiskey at home4, 6................................... 1.2 0.49 L-Jan.2017 1.4

Distilled spirits, excluding whiskey, at home6

...... 0.8 0.52 L-Oct.2016 1.1

Wine at home............................................. 0.242 0.0 0.000 0.41 L-Jan.2017 0.5

Alcoholic beverages away from home4

.................. 0.365 0.1 0.000 0.12 S-Jan.2017 0.1

Beer, ale, and other malt beverages away from

home4, 5, 6............................................... 0.2 0.19 S-Sep.2016 0.2

Wine away from home4, 5, 6............................. 0.0 0.09 S-Jan.2017 -0.3

Distilled spirits away from home4, 5, 6.................. 0.0 0.14 S-Jan.2017 -0.1

Other goods12.................................................. 1.536 -0.3 -0.004 0.17 S-Nov.2014 -0.4

Tobacco and smoking products........................... 0.660 0.5 0.003 0.14 L-Aug.2016 0.7

Cigarettes5

................................................ 0.597 0.5 0.003 0.15 L-Aug.2016 0.7

Tobacco products other than cigarettes4, 5........... 0.046 -0.1 0.000 0.34 S-Oct.2016 -0.2

Personal care products4

.................................... 0.694 -0.6 -0.004 0.31 S-Nov.2014 -0.8

Hair, dental, shaving, and miscellaneous personal

care products4, 5....................................... 0.371 -0.2 -0.001 0.40 S-Nov.2016 -0.3

Cosmetics, perfume, bath, nail preparations and

implements4

............................................ 0.316 -1.0 -0.003 0.43 S-Nov.2014 -1.0

Miscellaneous personal goods5

........................... 0.182 -1.9 -0.004 0.56 S-Oct.2003 -2.4

Stationery, stationery supplies, gift wrap6

............. 0.0 0.57 – –

Infants’ equipment4, 8, 6.................................. -1.5 0.59 L-Jan.2017 -0.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2017, 1-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

One Month

Seasonally

adjusted

percent

change

Feb. 2017-

Mar. 2017

Seasonally

adjusted

effect on All

Items

Feb. 2017-

Mar. 20171

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

seasonally adjusted

change since:3

Date Percent

change

Services less energy services.................................. 60.066 -0.1 -0.034 0.04 S-Jan.2010 -0.2

Shelter........................................................... 33.561 0.1 0.040 0.05 S-Jun.2014 0.1

Rent of shelter16............................................. 33.221 0.1 0.046 0.05 S-Oct.2013 0.1

Rent of primary residence11............................. 7.843 0.3 0.021 0.04 – –

Lodging away from home5

.............................. 0.910 -2.4 -0.023 1.49 S-Oct.2013 -2.8

Housing at school, excluding board11, 16........... 0.120 0.2 0.000 0.10 – –

Other lodging away from home including hotels

and motels........................................... 0.790 -2.8 -0.023 1.71 S-Jun.2015 -2.8

Owners’ equivalent rent of residences11, 16........... 24.468 0.2 0.041 0.03 S-Jan.2017 0.2

Owners’ equivalent rent of primary

residence11, 16....................................... 23.348 0.2 0.039 0.03 S-Jan.2017 0.2

Tenants’ and household insurance4, 5................. 0.340 0.2 0.001 0.14 L-Nov.2016 0.2

Water and sewer and trash collection services5

........ 1.174 0.2 0.002 0.08 S-Oct.2016 0.2

Water and sewerage maintenance11.................. 0.889 0.3 0.002 0.10 L-Jan.2017 0.6

Garbage and trash collection4, 14....................... 0.286 -0.2 0.000 0.06 S-Apr.2012 -0.2

Household operations4, 5................................... 0.849 0.1 0.001 0.11 L-Jan.2017 0.1

Domestic services4, 5..................................... 0.281 0.000 0.03 – –

Gardening and lawncare services4, 5.................. 0.282 0.000 0.13 – –

Moving, storage, freight expense5

...................... 0.113 0.1 0.000 0.65 L-Dec.2016 1.2

Repair of household items4, 5........................... 0.089 1.1 0.001 0.23 L-Dec.2016 1.3

Medical care services...................................... 6.697 0.1 0.008 0.07 S-Oct.2016 0.1

Professional services.................................... 3.147 0.0 -0.002 0.09 S-Jun.2016 0.0

Physicians’ services11................................. 1.699 -0.3 -0.006 0.09 S-Feb.2015 -0.5

Dental services11...................................... 0.813 0.6 0.004 0.16 L-Apr.2016 0.6

Eyeglasses and eye care4, 9......................... 0.321 -0.7 -0.002 0.29 S-Jan.2015 -0.8

Services by other medical professionals4, 11, 9..... 0.315 0.3 0.001 0.22 – –

Hospital and related services........................... 2.539 0.4 0.010 0.11 – –

Hospital services11, 17................................. 2.268 0.4 0.009 0.12 – –

Inpatient hospital services11, 17, 6................. 0.2 0.25 L-Jan.2017 0.2

Outpatient hospital services11, 9, 6................ 0.3 0.35 S-Dec.2016 0.2

Nursing homes and adult day services11, 17. . . . . .. 0.194 0.3 0.001 0.11 L-Aug.2016 0.4

Care of invalids and elderly at home4, 8............ 0.076 -0.4 0.000 0.12 S-Jan.2017 -1.5

Health insurance4, 8...................................... 1.011 -0.2 -0.002 0.10 S-Aug.2015 -0.2

Transportation services..................................... 5.941 0.4 0.021 0.11 S-Oct.2016 -0.1

Leased cars and trucks15................................ 0.548 -1.4 -0.007 0.48 S-Dec.2013 -1.9

Car and truck rental5

..................................... 0.097 -1.1 -0.001 1.88 L-Dec.2016 0.3

Motor vehicle maintenance and repair4

............... 1.162 -0.1 -0.001 0.16 S-Sep.2016 -0.2

Motor vehicle body work4

............................. 0.057 0.4 0.000 0.19 L-Nov.2016 1.0

Motor vehicle maintenance and servicing4

......... 0.674 -0.4 -0.002 0.21 S-Sep.2016 -0.5

Motor vehicle repair4, 5................................ 0.389 0.4 0.002 0.18 L-Nov.2016 0.7

Motor vehicle insurance................................. 2.501 1.2 0.029 0.13 L-Jul.2013 1.3

Motor vehicle fees4, 5.................................... 0.525 0.0 0.000 0.12 – –

State motor vehicle registration and license

fees4, 11, 5............................................. 0.282 -0.1 0.000 0.02 S-Dec.2016 -0.1

Parking and other fees4, 5............................ 0.232 0.1 0.000 0.13 L-Nov.2016 1.9

Parking fees and tolls4, 5, 6......................... 0.2 0.17 – –

Automobile service clubs4, 5, 6..................... 0.1 0.11 L-Nov.2016 9.9

Public transportation..................................... 1.109 0.2 0.002 0.37 S-Nov.2016 -0.7

Airline fares............................................. 0.654 0.4 0.002 0.58 S-Nov.2016 -1.3

Other intercity transportation......................... 0.174 -0.2 0.000 0.57 S-Dec.2016 -0.6

Intercity bus fare4, 7, 6............................... 1.2 0.89 L-Jan.2017 1.8

Intercity train fare4, 7, 6.............................. 1.5 0.92 L-Dec.2016 6.5

Ship fare4, 5, 6........................................ 0.9 0.87 L-Nov.2016 1.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2017, 1-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

One Month

Seasonally

adjusted

percent

change

Feb. 2017-

Mar. 2017

Seasonally

adjusted

effect on All

Items

Feb. 2017-

Mar. 20171

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

seasonally adjusted

change since:3

Date Percent

change

Intracity transportation4

............................... 0.278 0.1 0.000 0.04 – –

Intracity mass transit4, 12, 6......................... 0.1 0.07 – –

Recreation services12....................................... 3.925 0.2 0.007 0.16 S-Dec.2016 0.0

Video and audio services12............................. 1.660 0.4 0.006 0.13 S-Dec.2016 0.4

Cable and satellite television and radio

service14.............................................. 1.558 0.5 0.008 0.12 S-Dec.2016 0.4

Video discs and other media, including rental of

video and audio4, 5.................................. 0.103 -1.9 -0.002 0.95 S-Oct.2016 -2.4

Video discs and other media4, 5, 6................ -3.5 1.51 S-Jun.2015 -5.0

Rental of video or audio discs and other

media4, 5, 6......................................... 0.0 0.23 L-Jan.2017 0.2

Pet services including veterinary5

...................... 0.369 0.1 0.000 0.14 S-Dec.2016 -0.6

Pet services4, 5, 6....................................... 0.0 0.19 – –

Veterinarian services5, 6............................... 0.1 0.15 S-Dec.2016 -0.6

Photographers and film processing4, 5................. 0.048 -0.3 0.000 0.31 S-Jan.2017 -0.5

Photographer fees4, 5, 6............................... 0.0 0.06 – –

Film processing4, 5, 6.................................. -0.6 0.48 S-Jan.2017 -1.1

Other recreation services5

............................... 1.846 0.1 0.001 0.30 S-Dec.2016 -0.1

Club membership for shopping clubs, fraternal, or

other organizations, or participant sports

fees4, 5................................................ 0.646 0.0 0.000 0.29 S-Jan.2017 -0.2

Admissions............................................. 0.651 0.0 0.000 0.62 S-Nov.2016 -0.8

Admission to movies, theaters, and

concerts4, 5, 6...................................... -0.3 0.54 S-Oct.2016 -0.7

Admission to sporting events4, 5, 6................ -2.1 2.29 S-Nov.2016 -5.1

Fees for lessons or instructions4, 9.................. 0.223 0.8 0.002 0.25 L-Jan.2017 1.4

Education and communication services12................ 6.299 -1.9 -0.122 0.07 S-EVER –

Tuition, other school fees, and childcare.............. 3.016 0.0 0.001 0.05 S-Aug.2000 -0.2

College tuition and fees............................... 1.784 0.0 0.000 0.06 S-Jan.2017 -0.1

Elementary and high school tuition and fees. . . . .. 0.313 0.2 0.001 0.04 S-Sep.2016 0.0

Child care and nursery school13..................... 0.746 0.1 0.001 0.06 S-Nov.2016 0.1

Technical and business school tuition and fees5

... 0.042 0.3 0.000 0.08 L-Jan.2017 1.5

Postage and delivery services5

......................... 0.139 0.2 0.000 0.02 S-Jan.2017 0.0

Postage................................................. 0.132 0.2 0.000 0.00 S-Jan.2017 -0.2

Delivery services5

...................................... 0.007 0.8 0.000 0.37 – –

Telephone services4, 5................................... 2.426 -5.0 -0.120 0.11 S-EVER –

Wireless telephone services4, 5...................... 1.695 -7.0 -0.118 0.12 S-EVER –

Land-line telephone services4, 12.................... 0.731 -0.3 -0.002 0.20 S-Sep.2016 -0.8

Internet services and electronic information

providers5

............................................... 0.706 -0.4 -0.003 0.44 L-Jan.2017 -0.1

Other personal services4, 12............................... 1.620 0.5 0.007 0.08 L-May 2016 0.6

Personal care services4

................................. 0.606 0.3 0.002 0.10 L-Nov.2016 0.4

Haircuts and other personal care services4, 5...... 0.606 0.3 0.002 0.10 L-Nov.2016 0.4

Miscellaneous personal services4

...................... 1.014 0.6 0.006 0.13 L-Jul.2016 0.6

Legal services4, 9...................................... 0.246 0.0 0.000 0.12 L-Jan.2017 2.0

Funeral expenses4, 9.................................. 0.144 0.0 0.000 0.09 S-Dec.2016 0.0

Laundry and dry cleaning services4, 5............... 0.266 0.5 0.001 0.10 L-Dec.2016 0.5

Apparel services other than laundry and dry

cleaning4, 5........................................... 0.027 -0.5 0.000 0.10 S-EVER –

Financial services9

..................................... 0.233 1.1 0.003 0.27 L-Sep.2016 1.2

Checking account and other bank

services4, 5, 6...................................... 0.0 0.10 – –

Tax return preparation and other accounting

fees5, 6.............................................. 2.4 0.35 L-Jan.2015 3.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2017, 1-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

One Month

Seasonally

adjusted

percent

change

Feb. 2017-

Mar. 2017

Seasonally

adjusted

effect on All

Items

Feb. 2017-

Mar. 20171

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

seasonally adjusted

change since:3

Date Percent

change

Special aggregate indexes

All items less food.................................................. 86.343 -0.4 -0.334 0.04 S-Jan.2015 -0.7

All items less shelter................................................ 66.439 -0.5 -0.328 0.03 S-Jan.2015 -1.0

All items less food and shelter.................................... 52.783 -0.7 -0.375 0.04 S-Jan.2015 -1.3

All items less food, shelter, and energy.......................... 45.630 -0.3 -0.137 0.05 S-EVER –

All items less food, shelter, energy, and used cars and

trucks............................................................... 43.656 -0.3 -0.118 0.05 S-EVER –

All items less medical care........................................ 91.445 -0.3 -0.300 0.03 S-Jan.2015 -0.6

All items less energy................................................ 92.847 -0.1 -0.050 0.04 S-Jan.2010 -0.1

Commodities......................................................... 36.306 -0.7 -0.244 0.05 S-Feb.2016 -0.8

Commodities less food, energy, and used cars and

trucks............................................................ 17.151 -0.3 -0.045 0.09 S-Apr.2010 -0.3

Commodities less food.......................................... 22.649 -1.3 -0.290 0.07 S-Feb.2016 -1.3

Commodities less food and beverages........................ 21.701 -1.3 -0.292 0.07 S-Feb.2016 -1.3

Services.............................................................. 63.694 -0.1 -0.045 0.04 S-Jan.2010 -0.2

Services less rent of shelter16.................................. 30.473 -0.3 -0.083 0.04 S-Oct.2006 -0.3

Services less medical care services........................... 56.997 -0.1 -0.037 0.05 S-May 2009 -0.1

Durables.............................................................. 9.256 -0.3 -0.031 0.07 – –

Nondurables......................................................... 27.050 -1.0 -0.269 0.06 S-Jan.2015 -2.3

Nondurables less food........................................... 13.394 -2.1 -0.280 0.11 S-Feb.2016 -2.2

Nondurables less food and beverages........................ 12.446 -2.2 -0.280 0.12 S-Feb.2016 -2.4

Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel............. 9.354 -2.2 -0.214 0.09 S-Feb.2016 -4.3

Nondurables less food and apparel............................ 10.302 -2.0 -0.211 0.08 S-Feb.2016 -3.8

Housing............................................................... 42.579 0.1 0.024 0.06 S-Mar.2016 0.1

Education and communication5

................................... 6.908 -1.8 -0.127 0.07 S-EVER –

Education5

......................................................... 3.179 0.0 0.002 0.05 S-Jan.2017 0.0

Communication5

.................................................. 3.729 -3.5 -0.129 0.13 S-EVER –

Information and information processing5

................... 3.590 -3.6 -0.129 0.13 S-EVER –

Information technology, hardware and services18......... 1.163 -0.8 -0.009 0.32 L-Jan.2017 0.2

Recreation5

.......................................................... 5.700 0.0 0.001 0.12 S-Dec.2016 0.0

Video and audio5

................................................. 1.874 0.3 0.006 0.15 S-Dec.2016 0.2

Pets, pet products and services5

............................... 0.948 0.0 0.000 0.16 – –

Photography5

...................................................... 0.088 -0.4 0.000 0.38 S-Apr.2016 -1.3

Food and beverages................................................ 14.605 0.3 0.049 0.06 L-Sep.2015 0.3

Domestically produced farm food.............................. 6.567 0.7 0.045 0.11 L-May 2014 0.8

Other services....................................................... 11.844 -0.9 -0.107 0.07 S-EVER –

Apparel less footwear.............................................. 2.413 -1.0 -0.025 0.42 S-Mar.2016 -1.0

Fuels and utilities.................................................... 4.999 -0.3 -0.017 0.06 S-Jan.2016 -0.4

Household energy................................................ 3.825 -0.5 -0.019 0.07 S-Jan.2016 -0.6

Medical care......................................................... 8.555 0.1 0.012 0.09 – –

Transportation....................................................... 15.405 -1.4 -0.226 0.06 S-Feb.2016 -2.0

Private transportation............................................ 14.297 -1.6 -0.228 0.06 S-Feb.2016 -2.2

New and used motor vehicles5

.............................. 6.399 -0.6 -0.037 0.09 S-Oct.2003 -0.7

Utilities and public transportation................................. 9.895 -1.2 -0.117 0.07 S-Jan.1966 -1.4

Household furnishings and operations........................... 4.019 0.0 0.000 0.13 L-Jan.2017 0.3

Other goods and services.......................................... 3.156 0.0 0.001 0.09 S-Oct.2016 0.0

Personal care..................................................... 2.496 -0.1 -0.002 0.11 S-Oct.2016 -0.1

1 The ’effect’ of an item category is a measure of that item’s contribution to the All items price change. For example, if the Food index had an effect of

0.40, and the All items index rose 1.2 percent, then the increase in food prices contributed 0.40 / 1.2, or 33.3 percent, to that All items increase.

Said another way, had food prices been unchanged for that month the change in the All items index would have been 1.2 percent minus 0.40, or 0.8

percent. Effects can be negative as well. For example, if the effect of food was a negative 0.1, and the All items index rose 0.5 percent, the All items

index actually would have been 0.1 percent higher (or 0.6 percent) had food prices been unchanged. Since food prices fell while prices overall were

rising, the contribution of food to the All items price change was negative (in this case, -0.1 / 0.5, or minus 20 percent).

2 A statistic’s margin of error is often expressed as its point estimate plus or minus two standard errors. For example, if a CPI category rose 0.6
percent, and its standard error was 0.15 percent, the margin of error on this item’s 1-month percent change would be 0.6 percent, plus or minus 0.3

percent.

3 If the current seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change is greater than the previous published 1-month percent change, then this column

identifies the closest prior month with a 1-month percent change as (L)arge as or (L)arger than the current 1-month change. If the current 1-month

percent change is smaller than the previous published 1-month percent change, the most recent month with a change as (S)mall or (S)maller than

the current month change is identified. If the current and previous published 1-month percent changes are equal, a dash will appear. Standard

numerical comparisons are used. For example, 0.8% is greater than 0.6%, -0.4% is less than -0.2%, and -0.2% is less than 0.0%. Note that a

(L)arger change can be a smaller decline, for example, a -0.2% change is larger than a -0.4% change, but still represents a decline in the price

index. Likewise, (S)maller changes can be increases, for example, a 0.6% change is smaller than 0.8%, but still represents an increase in the price

index. In this context, a -0.2% change is considered to be smaller than a 0.0% change.

4 Not seasonally adjusted.

5 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base.

6 Special indexes based on a substantially smaller sample. These series do not contribute to the all items index aggregation and therefore do not

have a relative importance or effect.

7 Indexes on a December 2007=100 base.

8 Indexes on a December 2005=100 base.

9 Indexes on a December 1986=100 base.

10 Indexes on a December 1993=100 base. 11 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means

estimator. 12 Indexes on a December 2009=100 base. 13 Indexes on a December 1990=100 base. 14 Indexes on a December 1983=100 base. 15 Indexes on a December 2001=100 base. 16 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. 17 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base. 18 Indexes on a December 1988=100 base.

NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.
Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2017, 12-month analysis table

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

Twelve Month

Unadjusted

percent

change

Mar. 2016-

Mar. 2017

Unadjusted

effect on All

Items

Mar. 2016-

Mar. 20171

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

unadjusted change since:3

Date Percent

change

All items................................................................. 100.000 2.4 0.06 S-Dec.2016 2.1

Food.................................................................. 13.657 0.5 0.067 0.09 L-May 2016 0.7

Food at home..................................................... 7.877 -0.9 -0.070 0.14 L-May 2016 -0.7

Cereals and bakery products................................. 1.060 -0.4 -0.004 0.30 L-Jun.2016 -0.4

Cereals and cereal products............................... 0.355 -1.3 -0.005 0.57 L-Jan.2017 -1.1

Flour and prepared flour mixes......................... 0.043 -0.1 0.000 0.80 L-Jan.2015 0.1

Breakfast cereal.......................................... 0.183 -0.7 -0.001 0.87 L-Jan.2017 -0.5

Rice, pasta, cornmeal.................................... 0.130 -2.6 -0.003 1.01 S-Nov.2012 -2.7

Rice4, 5.................................................. -2.8 1.43 S-Jul.2016 -3.3

Bakery products.......................................... 0.705 0.1 0.001 0.35 L-Jun.2016 0.3

Bread4

................................................... 0.211 -0.5 -0.001 0.73 – –

White bread5

......................................... 0.2 0.87 S-Jan.2017 -0.6

Bread other than white5

............................ -1.3 1.12 – –

Fresh biscuits, rolls, muffins4

......................... 0.102 0.2 0.000 0.84 L-Jun.2016 0.9

Cakes, cupcakes, and cookies....................... 0.172 -0.1 0.000 0.76 S-Oct.2016 -0.1

Cookies5

.............................................. -0.6 1.34 L-Jan.2017 0.9

Fresh cakes and cupcakes5

....................... 0.7 1.00 S-Oct.2016 -0.2

Other bakery products................................ 0.220 0.9 0.002 0.67 L-Nov.2015 1.2

Fresh sweetrolls, coffeecakes, doughnuts5

...... 0.5 1.58 L-Dec.2016 1.5

Crackers, bread, and cracker products5

......... 1.5 1.19 L-Jul.2015 1.6

Frozen and refrigerated bakery products, pies,

tarts, turnovers5

................................... 0.1 1.12 L-Jan.2017 0.2

Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs................................ 1.735 -2.6 -0.048 0.33 L-Dec.2015 -2.2

Meats, poultry, and fish.................................... 1.632 -1.1 -0.019 0.32 L-Aug.2015 -0.2

Meats...................................................... 1.030 -2.3 -0.025 0.36 L-Nov.2015 -2.1

Beef and veal.......................................... 0.457 -4.9 -0.024 0.46 S-Dec.2016 -5.6

Uncooked ground beef............................. 0.184 -5.0 -0.010 0.64 L-Nov.2015 -3.3

Uncooked beef roasts4

............................. 0.061 -5.0 -0.003 1.06 L-Jan.2017 -4.9

Uncooked beef steaks4

............................. 0.164 -5.2 -0.009 0.88 S-Nov.2016 -5.4

Uncooked other beef and veal4

................... 0.047 -3.0 -0.001 1.35 S-Oct.2016 -3.3

Pork...................................................... 0.321 0.9 0.003 0.76 L-Mar.2015 2.2

Bacon, breakfast sausage, and related

products4

.......................................... 0.137 3.3 0.005 1.08 L-May 2016 3.4

Bacon and related products5

.................... 6.6 1.42 L-May 2016 10.3

Breakfast sausage and related products4, 5... -0.8 1.23 L-Apr.2015 0.6

Ham................................................... 0.056 0.8 0.000 1.78 L-May 2015 1.1

Ham, excluding canned5

........................ 0.8 1.83 L-Apr.2015 2.9

Pork chops........................................... 0.052 -3.0 -0.002 1.93 L-Aug.2016 -0.5

Other pork including roasts and picnics4

......... 0.075 -0.7 -0.001 1.60 L-Mar.2015 5.4

Other meats............................................ 0.252 -1.5 -0.004 0.74 L-Jun.2016 -0.8

Frankfurters5

......................................... -1.7 2.77 L-Jan.2017 -0.4

Lunchmeats4, 5...................................... -2.0 0.69 L-Dec.2016 -1.7

Lamb and organ meats5

........................... -2.1 1.87 L-Jan.2017 1.0

Lamb and mutton4, 5................................ -4.6 2.35 L-Jan.2017 -2.5

Poultry................................................... 0.339 0.4 0.001 0.68 L-Jun.2015 1.0

Chicken4

.............................................. 0.274 0.6 0.002 0.78 L-Jun.2015 1.1

Fresh whole chicken5

............................ -1.5 1.86 L-Dec.2016 1.0

Fresh and frozen chicken parts5

............... 0.6 1.15 L-Apr.2015 3.3

Other poultry including turkey4

.................... 0.065 -0.4 0.000 1.46 L-Apr.2016 -0.4

Fish and seafood...................................... 0.264 1.7 0.004 0.93 S-Jan.2017 1.1

Fresh fish and seafood4

............................ 0.144 3.2 0.005 1.61 S-Sep.2016 2.8

Processed fish and seafood4

...................... 0.120 -0.1 0.000 1.08 S-Jan.2017 -1.6

Shelf stable fish and seafood5

.................. -2.1 1.12 S-Jul.2016 -2.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2017, 12-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

Twelve Month

Unadjusted

percent

change

Mar. 2016-

Mar. 2017

Unadjusted

effect on All

Items

Mar. 2016-

Mar. 20171

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

unadjusted change since:3

Date Percent

change

Frozen fish and seafood5

........................ 1.4 1.13 S-Jan.2017 -1.0

Eggs........................................................ 0.103 -21.8 -0.028 1.54 L-Jan.2017 -19.4

Dairy and related products................................... 0.821 0.2 0.002 0.39 S-Jan.2017 -0.5

Milk4

........................................................... 0.231 0.6 0.001 0.59 L-Jan.2015 1.1

Fresh whole milk5

........................................ 1.5 1.11 L-Jan.2015 2.1

Fresh milk other than whole4, 5......................... 0.0 0.80 L-Jan.2015 0.7

Cheese and related products.............................. 0.264 -0.7 -0.002 0.61 S-Jan.2017 -1.6

Ice cream and related products........................... 0.119 0.6 0.001 1.13 S-Jan.2017 0.4

Other dairy and related products4

........................ 0.207 0.7 0.001 0.86 S-Jan.2017 0.6

Fruits and vegetables......................................... 1.327 -1.8 -0.024 0.44 L-Nov.2016 -1.5

Fresh fruits and vegetables................................ 1.036 -2.2 -0.024 0.54 L-Nov.2016 -1.8

Fresh fruits................................................ 0.557 -0.5 -0.003 0.82 L-Nov.2016 0.0

Apples................................................... 0.083 -5.3 -0.005 1.70 L-Jan.2017 -3.5

Bananas................................................. 0.086 -1.3 -0.001 1.03 S-Dec.2016 -1.4

Citrus fruits4

............................................ 0.146 3.4 0.005 1.54 S-Dec.2016 2.0

Oranges, including tangerines5

.................... 2.3 1.85 S-Dec.2016 0.5

Other fresh fruits4

...................................... 0.242 -0.8 -0.002 1.38 L-Nov.2016 -0.3

Fresh vegetables......................................... 0.479 -4.1 -0.021 0.85 L-Nov.2016 -4.0

Potatoes................................................. 0.080 1.2 0.001 2.00 S-Oct.2016 0.5

Lettuce.................................................. 0.062 -2.7 -0.002 2.05 L-Aug.2016 -2.5

Tomatoes............................................... 0.082 -8.4 -0.007 1.83 L-Dec.2016 -4.7

Other fresh vegetables................................ 0.256 -4.5 -0.012 1.15 L-Nov.2016 -3.9

Processed fruits and vegetables4

...................... 0.292 -0.2 -0.001 0.68 L-Dec.2016 0.1

Canned fruits and vegetables4

....................... 0.153 -0.6 -0.001 0.84 L-Dec.2016 0.4

Canned fruits4, 5..................................... 0.7 1.16 L-Dec.2016 0.9

Canned vegetables4, 5.............................. -1.4 0.98 L-Dec.2016 0.5

Frozen fruits and vegetables4

........................ 0.085 0.7 0.001 1.49 L-Nov.2016 1.4

Frozen vegetables5

................................. 1.2 1.38 L-Nov.2016 2.2

Other processed fruits and vegetables including

dried4

................................................. 0.054 -0.8 0.000 1.57 L-Apr.2016 0.0

Dried beans, peas, and lentils4, 5................. -4.5 1.49 L-Jan.2017 -4.2

Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials. . . . . . . .. 0.960 0.2 0.002 0.44 L-May 2016 0.2

Juices and nonalcoholic drinks4

........................... 0.676 0.2 0.001 0.56 S-Jan.2017 -0.7

Carbonated drinks........................................ 0.273 0.3 0.001 0.93 S-Jan.2017 -0.3

Frozen noncarbonated juices and drinks4

............. 0.011 1.8 0.000 0.92 L-May 2016 1.8

Nonfrozen noncarbonated juices and drinks4

......... 0.393 0.1 0.000 0.76 L-Aug.2016 0.2

Beverage materials including coffee and tea4

........... 0.284 0.1 0.000 0.72 L-Aug.2015 0.8

Coffee...................................................... 0.177 0.0 0.000 0.88 L-Aug.2015 0.6

Roasted coffee5

........................................ 0.4 1.37 L-Oct.2015 0.4

Instant and freeze dried coffee5

..................... -0.7 1.26 S-Dec.2016 -2.0

Other beverage materials including tea4

.............. 0.107 0.3 0.000 0.97 S-Jan.2017 -0.3

Other food at home............................................ 1.974 0.1 0.003 0.29 L-Jul.2016 0.1

Sugar and sweets........................................... 0.286 -0.3 -0.001 0.74 L-Jan.2017 -0.1

Sugar and artificial sweeteners......................... 0.049 -0.7 0.000 1.13 L-May 2016 -0.4

Candy and chewing gum4

............................... 0.181 -1.0 -0.002 1.01 – –

Other sweets4

............................................. 0.056 2.4 0.001 1.32 L-Oct.2012 2.8

Fats and oils................................................. 0.232 0.1 0.000 0.69 L-Jul.2016 0.4

Butter and margarine4

................................... 0.068 1.6 0.001 1.16 L-Aug.2016 2.1

Butter5

................................................... 0.1 1.76 L-Aug.2016 2.6

Margarine5

.............................................. 3.7 1.89 L-Jul.2012 4.6

Salad dressing4

........................................... 0.056 -0.3 0.000 1.60 L-Jul.2016 0.8

Other fats and oils including peanut butter4

. . . . . . . . .. 0.108 -0.6 -0.001 0.73 L-Dec.2016 -0.4

Peanut butter4, 5....................................... -1.6 1.24 L-Dec.2016 -1.4

Other foods................................................ 1.456 0.2 0.003 0.35 L-Jan.2017 0.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2017, 12-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

Twelve Month

Unadjusted

percent

change

Mar. 2016-

Mar. 2017

Unadjusted

effect on All

Items

Mar. 2016-

Mar. 20171

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

unadjusted change since:3

Date Percent

change

Soups.................................................... 0.091 1.1 0.001 1.35 S-Oct.2016 -0.6

Frozen and freeze dried prepared foods........... 0.256 -1.5 -0.004 0.74 L-Jan.2017 -1.4

Snacks.................................................. 0.327 -0.1 0.000 0.73 L-Oct.2016 0.4

Spices, seasonings, condiments, sauces........... 0.286 1.0 0.003 0.86 L-Jan.2017 1.1

Salt and other seasonings and spices4, 5........ 0.3 1.54 L-Jan.2017 0.4

Olives, pickles, relishes4, 5......................... -0.3 1.96 L-Sep.2016 0.4

Sauces and gravies4, 5............................. -0.5 1.25 S-Oct.2016 -1.2

Other condiments5

.................................. 2.5 1.49 L-Jul.2016 3.0

Baby food4

.............................................. 0.056 1.4 0.001 1.36 S-Sep.2016 0.6

Other miscellaneous foods4

.......................... 0.439 0.6 0.003 0.54 L-Jun.2016 0.7

Prepared salads6, 5................................. 3.6 1.20 L-Mar.2016 3.9

Food away from home........................................... 5.780 2.4 0.137 0.12 – –

Full service meals and snacks4

.............................. 2.804 2.6 0.072 0.15 – –

Limited service meals and snacks4

.......................... 2.453 2.2 0.055 0.19 S-Jun.2014 2.2

Food at employee sites and schools4

....................... 0.198 2.5 0.005 1.39 S-Dec.2016 2.5

Food at elementary and secondary schools7, 5......... 1.8 2.33 – –

Food from vending machines and mobile vendors4

....... 0.082 3.7 0.003 0.95 – –

Other food away from home4

................................ 0.244 0.8 0.002 0.39 L-Nov.2016 0.8

Energy................................................................ 7.153 10.9 0.723 0.13 S-Jan.2017 10.8

Energy commodities............................................. 3.524 19.8 0.601 0.15 S-Dec.2016 9.0

Fuel oil and other fuels........................................ 0.197 17.2 0.029 0.98 S-Jan.2017 15.8

Fuel oil........................................................ 0.105 24.9 0.021 0.51 S-Jan.2017 24.8

Propane, kerosene, and firewood8

........................ 0.092 9.5 0.008 2.24 L-Mar.2014 18.2

Motor fuel....................................................... 3.328 19.9 0.572 0.15 S-Dec.2016 9.1

Gasoline (all types)......................................... 3.277 19.9 0.562 0.15 S-Dec.2016 9.1

Gasoline, unleaded regular5

............................ 20.2 0.96 S-Dec.2016 9.5

Gasoline, unleaded midgrade9, 5....................... 18.0 1.21 S-Dec.2016 9.1

Gasoline, unleaded premium5

.......................... 18.3 1.12 S-Jan.2017 15.1

Other motor fuels4

.......................................... 0.051 24.1 0.010 0.30 S-Jan.2017 18.5

Energy services10................................................ 3.628 3.4 0.121 0.20 S-Jan.2017 2.9

Electricity10..................................................... 2.814 1.6 0.045 0.24 S-Jan.2017 1.0

Utility (piped) gas service10................................... 0.814 10.3 0.077 0.21 S-Jan.2017 10.1

All items less food and energy.................................... 79.191 2.0 1.591 0.07 S-Nov.2015 2.0

Commodities less food and energy commodities............ 19.125 -0.6 -0.113 0.19 S-Dec.2016 -0.6

Household furnishings and supplies11...................... 3.170 -1.5 -0.049 0.34 L-Mar.2016 -1.3

Window and floor coverings and other linens4

.......... 0.256 -0.9 -0.002 1.21 L-Oct.2016 0.4

Floor coverings4

.......................................... 0.057 -1.3 -0.001 1.53 S-Sep.2015 -2.4

Window coverings4

....................................... 0.053 -0.4 0.000 2.25 S-Jan.2017 -1.7

Other linens4

.............................................. 0.145 -0.9 -0.001 1.81 L-Dec.2015 0.3

Furniture and bedding...................................... 0.755 -1.7 -0.013 0.90 S-Jan.2017 -2.0

Bedroom furniture........................................ 0.263 -2.6 -0.007 1.57 S-Jan.2017 -2.8

Living room, kitchen, and dining room furniture4

. . . .. 0.360 -1.0 -0.004 1.13 S-Nov.2016 -1.2

Other furniture4

........................................... 0.127 -2.1 -0.003 1.61 L-Jan.2016 -1.0

Infants’ furniture7, 5.................................... 1.80 – –

Appliances4

.................................................. 0.180 -2.7 -0.005 1.08 L-Jul.2016 -2.7

Major appliances4

........................................ 0.055 -5.3 -0.003 1.27 S-Dec.2016 -5.9

Laundry equipment5

................................... -4.4 1.51 S-Dec.2016 -4.9

Other appliances4

........................................ 0.122 -1.4 -0.002 1.64 L-Feb.2016 -0.9

Other household equipment and furnishings4

........... 0.458 -2.9 -0.014 0.90 L-Jan.2017 -2.8

Clocks, lamps, and decorator items.................... 0.232 -5.0 -0.012 1.50 L-Jan.2017 -4.5

Indoor plants and flowers12............................. 0.104 0.8 0.001 1.34 L-Mar.2016 2.3

Dishes and flatware4

..................................... 0.052 -2.5 -0.001 2.13 S-Jan.2017 -4.2

Nonelectric cookware and tableware4

................. 0.069 -1.6 -0.001 1.41 S-Sep.2016 -2.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2017, 12-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

Twelve Month

Unadjusted

percent

change

Mar. 2016-

Mar. 2017

Unadjusted

effect on All

Items

Mar. 2016-

Mar. 20171

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

unadjusted change since:3

Date Percent

change

Tools, hardware, outdoor equipment and supplies4

. . .. 0.670 -0.7 -0.005 0.52 – –

Tools, hardware and supplies4

......................... 0.177 -1.6 -0.003 0.93 S-Oct.2016 -1.7

Outdoor equipment and supplies4

...................... 0.335 -0.2 -0.001 0.66 L-Jan.2017 -0.1

Housekeeping supplies..................................... 0.852 -1.1 -0.010 0.43 S-Jan.2015 -1.1

Household cleaning products4

.......................... 0.338 -0.9 -0.003 0.58 S-Feb.2015 -1.5

Household paper products4

............................. 0.231 -1.0 -0.002 0.91 S-Jun.2015 -1.5

Miscellaneous household products4

................... 0.282 -1.4 -0.004 0.85 L-Jan.2017 -1.4

Apparel.......................................................... 3.092 0.6 0.021 0.84 L-Jan.2017 1.0

Men’s and boys’ apparel................................... 0.789 0.3 0.003 1.63 S-Jan.2017 0.1

Men’s apparel............................................. 0.638 0.4 0.003 1.46 S-Dec.2016 -3.2

Men’s suits, sport coats, and outerwear............ 0.101 4.0 0.004 4.01 S-Jan.2017 2.1

Men’s furnishings...................................... 0.200 -0.9 -0.002 2.73 S-Dec.2016 -6.4

Men’s shirts and sweaters4

........................... 0.181 1.7 0.003 2.24 S-Dec.2016 -0.8

Men’s pants and shorts............................... 0.150 -1.7 -0.003 2.42 S-Dec.2016 -4.1

Boys’ apparel............................................. 0.151 0.0 0.000 4.33 L-Oct.2016 3.0

Women’s and girls’ apparel................................ 1.245 1.1 0.015 1.43 L-Jan.2017 1.5

Women’s apparel......................................... 1.044 1.3 0.015 1.41 S-Dec.2016 0.3

Women’s outerwear................................... 0.068 2.1 0.002 5.83 L-Aug.2016 2.1

Women’s dresses...................................... 0.152 5.1 0.008 4.76 S-Dec.2016 3.9

Women’s suits and separates4

....................... 0.476 -0.3 -0.001 1.51 S-Sep.2016 -0.3

Women’s underwear, nightwear, sportswear and

accessories4

......................................... 0.339 1.8 0.006 2.77 L-Nov.2016 2.6

Girls’ apparel.............................................. 0.201 0.0 0.000 3.55 L-Dec.2016 0.5

Footwear..................................................... 0.679 0.1 0.001 1.27 L-Jan.2017 0.9

Men’s footwear............................................ 0.213 -0.3 -0.001 2.48 L-Jan.2017 0.2

Boys’ and girls’ footwear................................ 0.166 1.3 0.002 2.83 L-Jan.2017 2.5

Women’s footwear........................................ 0.300 -0.3 -0.001 1.71 L-Jan.2017 0.5

Infants’ and toddlers’ apparel.............................. 0.149 -3.6 -0.006 2.64 S-Nov.2016 -6.7

Jewelry and watches8

...................................... 0.230 3.8 0.008 4.61 L-Jan.2017 4.3

Watches8

.................................................. 0.082 -1.5 -0.001 3.45 L-Jan.2017 5.4

Jewelry8

.................................................... 0.148 6.9 0.010 7.24 L-Nov.2016 8.8

Transportation commodities less motor fuel11............. 6.137 -1.5 -0.094 0.15 S-EVER –

New vehicles................................................. 3.687 0.2 0.008 0.24 S-Nov.2016 0.2

New cars and trucks4, 5.................................. 0.2 0.36 S-Nov.2016 0.2

New cars5

............................................... -0.1 0.42 S-Dec.2016 -0.2

New trucks13, 5......................................... 0.3 0.40 S-Jun.2016 0.2

Used cars and trucks....................................... 1.974 -4.7 -0.100 0.09 S-Aug.2009 -5.4

Motor vehicle parts and equipment....................... 0.382 -0.3 -0.001 0.51 L-Oct.2016 -0.1

Tires........................................................ 0.228 -0.7 -0.002 0.71 L-Oct.2016 -0.4

Vehicle accessories other than tires4

.................. 0.154 0.4 0.001 0.62 L-Aug.2016 0.6

Vehicle parts and equipment other than tires5

..... 0.3 0.76 L-Jan.2017 0.3

Motor oil, coolant, and fluids5

........................ 1.4 1.12 L-May 2015 1.4

Medical care commodities.................................... 1.858 3.9 0.071 0.67 S-Jul.2016 3.3

Medicinal drugs11........................................... 1.798 4.0 0.070 0.70 S-Jul.2016 3.4

Prescription drugs10...................................... 1.442 4.7 0.066 0.86 S-Jul.2016 4.7

Nonprescription drugs11................................. 0.357 1.2 0.004 0.88 L-Oct.2012 1.3

Medical equipment and supplies11........................ 0.060 1.1 0.001 1.06 L-Apr.2013 1.6

Recreation commodities11.................................... 1.775 -3.3 -0.061 0.44 – –

Video and audio products11................................ 0.213 -11.8 -0.029 1.09 L-Jul.2016 -11.6

Televisions................................................ 0.101 -18.9 -0.024 1.79 L-May 2016 -17.5

Other video equipment4

................................. 0.025 -3.7 -0.001 1.69 S-Sep.2016 -4.5

Audio equipment.......................................... 0.058 -7.5 -0.005 1.53 S-Nov.2016 -8.0

Audio discs, tapes and other media4

.................. 0.023 0.4 0.000 2.71 L-May 2016 1.3

Pets and pet products...................................... 0.579 -0.2 -0.001 0.66 S-Jun.2016 -0.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2017, 12-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

Twelve Month

Unadjusted

percent

change

Mar. 2016-

Mar. 2017

Unadjusted

effect on All

Items

Mar. 2016-

Mar. 20171

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

unadjusted change since:3

Date Percent

change

Pet food4, 5................................................ -0.2 0.71 S-Jan.2017 -0.3

Purchase of pets, pet supplies, accessories4, 5...... -0.5 1.52 L-Jan.2017 0.4

Sporting goods.............................................. 0.427 -1.5 -0.007 1.01 S-Jan.2017 -1.6

Sports vehicles including bicycles...................... 0.225 0.1 0.000 1.94 S-Nov.2016 -0.3

Sports equipment......................................... 0.193 -3.4 -0.007 1.27 S-Jan.2017 -4.2

Photographic equipment and supplies................... 0.039 5.6 0.002 1.92 L-Jun.1989 5.9

Film and photographic supplies4, 5.....................

Photographic equipment4, 5............................. 5.7 1.84 L-EVER –

Recreational reading materials............................ 0.150 1.3 0.002 1.45 L-Feb.2016 2.4

Newspapers and magazines4

........................... 0.088 2.7 0.002 1.35 S-Nov.2016 1.1

Recreational books4

...................................... 0.061 -0.5 0.000 2.83 L-Aug.2016 0.8

Other recreational goods4

.................................. 0.367 -7.1 -0.028 1.01 S-Jan.2017 -7.4

Toys........................................................ 0.295 -8.3 -0.027 1.25 S-Jan.2017 -8.7

Toys, games, hobbies and playground

equipment4, 5......................................... -6.9 1.29 S-Jan.2017 -7.0

Sewing machines, fabric and supplies4

............... 0.025 -2.5 -0.001 2.11 S-Nov.2016 -2.9

Music instruments and accessories4

................... 0.034 -0.3 0.000 1.23 S-Dec.2015 -0.9

Education and communication commodities11............. 0.610 -2.7 -0.017 0.71 S-Jan.2017 -2.7

Educational books and supplies.......................... 0.163 6.0 0.009 1.24 L-Nov.2016 6.0

College textbooks14, 5.................................... 7.6 1.59 L-Mar.2013 7.8

Information technology commodities11................... 0.446 -5.5 -0.026 0.82 S-Dec.2016 -6.6

Personal computers and peripheral equipment6

. . . .. 0.271 -5.4 -0.016 0.96 S-Dec.2016 -5.7

Computer software and accessories4

.................. 0.085 -7.4 -0.007 2.42 L-Jul.2016 -5.3

Telephone hardware, calculators, and other

consumer information items4

......................... 0.090 -4.1 -0.004 1.62 S-Jan.2017 -4.2

Alcoholic beverages........................................... 0.948 1.1 0.011 0.33 L-Jan.2017 1.2

Alcoholic beverages at home.............................. 0.583 0.4 0.003 0.47 L-Jan.2017 0.6

Beer, ale, and other malt beverages at home........ 0.268 1.6 0.004 0.56 – –

Distilled spirits at home.................................. 0.073 -0.1 0.000 0.90 L-Jan.2017 0.3

Whiskey at home5

..................................... 0.2 0.95 L-Jan.2017 0.7

Distilled spirits, excluding whiskey, at home5

...... 0.2 0.69 L-Jan.2017 0.6

Wine at home............................................. 0.242 -0.6 -0.002 0.78 L-Jan.2017 -0.5

Alcoholic beverages away from home.................... 0.365 2.3 0.008 0.39 – –

Beer, ale, and other malt beverages away from

home4, 5................................................. 3.0 0.61 L-May 2011 3.1

Wine away from home4, 5............................... 1.8 0.55 S-Jan.2017 1.8

Distilled spirits away from home4, 5.................... 1.8 0.79 S-Nov.2014 1.5

Other goods11.................................................. 1.536 0.4 0.006 0.36 S-Aug.2011 0.1

Tobacco and smoking products........................... 0.660 3.6 0.024 0.24 L-Dec.2016 3.6

Cigarettes4

................................................ 0.597 3.7 0.022 0.25 L-May 2016 3.7

Tobacco products other than cigarettes4

.............. 0.046 2.8 0.001 0.90 S-Jan.2017 2.8

Personal care products..................................... 0.694 -1.2 -0.009 0.65 S-Sep.2015 -1.3

Hair, dental, shaving, and miscellaneous personal

care products4

.......................................... 0.371 -0.4 -0.001 0.84 L-Jan.2017 -0.4

Cosmetics, perfume, bath, nail preparations and

implements............................................. 0.316 -2.2 -0.007 0.99 S-EVER –

Miscellaneous personal goods4

........................... 0.182 -4.5 -0.009 1.36 S-Aug.2016 -5.1

Stationery, stationery supplies, gift wrap5

............. -0.2 1.36 S-Oct.2016 -0.9

Infants’ equipment7, 5.................................... -8.4 2.23 L-Jan.2017 -7.3

Services less energy services.................................. 60.066 2.9 1.704 0.07 S-Dec.2015 2.9

Shelter........................................................... 33.561 3.5 1.148 0.09 – –

Rent of shelter15............................................. 33.221 3.5 1.148 0.09 S-Sep.2016 3.5

Rent of primary residence10............................. 7.843 3.9 0.300 0.13 – –

Lodging away from home4

.............................. 0.910 0.4 0.004 1.64 S-Oct.2013 -1.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2017, 12-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

Twelve Month

Unadjusted

percent

change

Mar. 2016-

Mar. 2017

Unadjusted

effect on All

Items

Mar. 2016-

Mar. 20171

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

unadjusted change since:3

Date Percent

change

Housing at school, excluding board10, 15........... 0.120 3.0 0.004 0.26 – –

Other lodging away from home including hotels

and motels........................................... 0.790 0.0 0.000 1.97 S-Jul.2016 0.0

Owners’ equivalent rent of residences10, 15........... 24.468 3.5 0.844 0.08 – –

Owners’ equivalent rent of primary

residence10, 15....................................... 23.348 3.5 0.807 0.08 – –

Tenants’ and household insurance4

................... 0.340 0.1 0.000 0.60 L-Nov.2016 0.4

Water and sewer and trash collection services4

........ 1.174 3.6 0.042 0.42 S-Dec.2016 3.4

Water and sewerage maintenance10.................. 0.889 4.1 0.036 0.55 S-Dec.2016 3.9

Garbage and trash collection13......................... 0.286 2.1 0.006 0.26 – –

Household operations4

..................................... 0.849 2.5 0.021 1.96 – –

Domestic services4

....................................... 0.281 1.7 0.005 0.35 L-Jan.2015 1.7

Gardening and lawncare services4

..................... 0.282 3.5 0.010 0.50 L-Sep.2015 3.9

Moving, storage, freight expense4

...................... 0.113 -0.4 0.000 12.29 S-Mar.2013 -0.8

Repair of household items4

............................. 0.089 5.1 0.005 0.91 L-Jun.2015 5.3

Medical care services...................................... 6.697 3.4 0.223 0.31 – –

Professional services.................................... 3.147 2.5 0.078 0.40 S-Apr.2016 2.3

Physicians’ services10................................. 1.699 3.0 0.051 0.70 S-Jun.2016 3.0

Dental services10...................................... 0.813 2.1 0.017 0.45 L-Jan.2017 2.1

Eyeglasses and eye care8

............................ 0.321 0.0 0.000 0.81 S-Dec.2015 -0.6

Services by other medical professionals10, 8....... 0.315 3.3 0.010 0.68 L-Jan.2009 3.8

Hospital and related services........................... 2.539 4.5 0.111 0.34 L-Sep.2016 5.6

Hospital services10, 16................................. 2.268 4.7 0.105 0.40 L-Sep.2016 6.0

Inpatient hospital services10, 16, 5................. 4.1 0.80 L-Jan.2017 4.6

Outpatient hospital services10, 8, 5................ 4.8 1.07 L-May 2015 5.3

Nursing homes and adult day services10, 16. . . . . .. 0.194 3.2 0.006 0.39 S-Feb.2016 3.2

Care of invalids and elderly at home7

............... 0.076 -0.1 0.000 0.66 S-Jan.2017 -0.5

Health insurance7

........................................ 1.011 3.3 0.033 0.36 S-Oct.2015 3.0

Transportation services..................................... 5.941 3.8 0.221 0.28 L-Jul.2010 3.9

Leased cars and trucks14................................ 0.548 -1.4 -0.008 1.21 S-Jan.2017 -3.0

Car and truck rental4

..................................... 0.097 -4.4 -0.005 3.47 S-Jan.2016 -7.8

Motor vehicle maintenance and repair................. 1.162 2.1 0.024 0.41 S-Dec.2016 1.8

Motor vehicle body work.............................. 0.057 2.7 0.002 0.58 – –

Motor vehicle maintenance and servicing.......... 0.674 2.0 0.013 0.63 S-Dec.2016 1.5

Motor vehicle repair4

.................................. 0.389 2.1 0.008 0.51 S-Oct.2016 1.7

Motor vehicle insurance................................. 2.501 8.1 0.194 0.49 L-Jun.2003 8.9

Motor vehicle fees4

....................................... 0.525 1.6 0.008 0.48 – –

State motor vehicle registration and license

fees10, 4............................................... 0.282 1.7 0.005 0.76 S-Dec.2016 1.3

Parking and other fees4

............................... 0.232 1.3 0.003 0.44 S-Oct.2016 0.9

Parking fees and tolls4, 5........................... 2.6 0.68 – –

Automobile service clubs4, 5....................... -5.8 0.42 – –

Public transportation..................................... 1.109 0.6 0.007 0.66 L-Apr.2016 1.1

Airline fares............................................. 0.654 0.0 0.000 0.98 L-Apr.2016 0.4

Other intercity transportation......................... 0.174 2.3 0.004 1.76 S-Dec.2016 1.9

Intercity bus fare6, 5................................. 1.86 – –

Intercity train fare6, 5................................ 6.0 1.38 L-Jan.2017 8.8

Ship fare4, 5.......................................... 1.3 3.01 S-Jul.2015 0.1

Intracity transportation................................. 0.278 0.9 0.003 0.33 – –

Intracity mass transit11, 5........................... 1.0 0.87 L-Jan.2017 1.1

Recreation services11....................................... 3.925 3.5 0.135 0.33 S-Jan.2017 3.4

Video and audio services11............................. 1.660 4.6 0.076 0.36 S-Dec.2016 4.2

Cable and satellite television and radio

service13.............................................. 1.558 5.1 0.078 0.34 S-Dec.2016 4.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2017, 12-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

Twelve Month

Unadjusted

percent

change

Mar. 2016-

Mar. 2017

Unadjusted

effect on All

Items

Mar. 2016-

Mar. 20171

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

unadjusted change since:3

Date Percent

change

Video discs and other media, including rental of

video and audio4

.................................... 0.103 -1.7 -0.002 2.22 S-Dec.2016 -3.2

Video discs and other media4, 5................... -4.0 3.50 S-Dec.2016 -8.6

Rental of video or audio discs and other

media4, 5........................................... 3.8 0.82 – –

Pet services including veterinary4

...................... 0.369 2.2 0.008 0.50 S-Dec.2016 2.2

Pet services4, 5......................................... 1.1 0.67 S-Sep.2016 1.0

Veterinarian services4, 5............................... 2.4 0.84 S-Dec.2016 2.3

Photographers and film processing4

................... 0.048 -0.3 0.000 0.81 S-Jan.2017 -0.3

Photographer fees4, 5.................................. -2.4 0.82 – –

Film processing4, 5..................................... -0.1 1.62 S-Jan.2017 -0.5

Other recreation services4

............................... 1.846 2.8 0.052 0.56 S-Jan.2017 2.4

Club membership for shopping clubs, fraternal, or

other organizations, or participant sports

fees4

.................................................. 0.646 2.1 0.013 0.74 S-Oct.2016 1.9

Admissions............................................. 0.651 3.6 0.023 1.22 S-Jan.2017 2.5

Admission to movies, theaters, and

concerts4, 5........................................ 1.3 1.19 S-Jan.2015 0.2

Admission to sporting events4, 5.................. 8.2 3.44 L-Jan.2016 8.8

Fees for lessons or instructions8

.................... 0.223 3.2 0.007 0.67 L-Feb.2016 3.6

Education and communication services11................ 6.299 -2.1 -0.138 0.21 S-EVER –

Tuition, other school fees, and childcare.............. 3.016 2.4 0.071 0.17 S-Nov.2016 2.4

College tuition and fees............................... 1.784 1.9 0.033 0.19 S-EVER –

Elementary and high school tuition and fees. . . . .. 0.313 3.3 0.010 0.31 S-Sep.2016 3.0

Child care and nursery school12..................... 0.746 3.1 0.023 0.34 S-Dec.2016 2.9

Technical and business school tuition and fees4

... 0.042 3.2 0.001 0.33 L-Jan.2013 3.7

Postage and delivery services4

......................... 0.139 1.5 0.002 0.50 L-Mar.2016 2.0

Postage................................................. 0.132 1.3 0.002 0.53 – –

Delivery services4

...................................... 0.007 4.2 0.000 0.83 L-Aug.2014 4.3

Telephone services4

..................................... 2.426 -7.8 -0.199 0.32 S-EVER –

Wireless telephone services4

........................ 1.695 -11.4 -0.207 0.43 S-May 2001 -12.4

Land-line telephone services11....................... 0.731 1.1 0.008 0.55 – –

Internet services and electronic information

providers4

............................................... 0.706 -1.7 -0.012 1.02 S-Nov.2015 -1.9

Other personal services11.................................. 1.620 3.2 0.052 0.33 L-EVER –

Personal care services.................................. 0.606 1.9 0.012 0.35 – –

Haircuts and other personal care services4

........ 0.606 1.9 0.012 0.35 – –

Miscellaneous personal services....................... 1.014 4.0 0.040 0.47 L-Oct.2008 4.6

Legal services8

......................................... 0.246 5.8 0.014 0.81 – –

Funeral expenses8

..................................... 0.144 1.9 0.003 0.49 S-Jan.2017 1.7

Laundry and dry cleaning services4

................. 0.266 2.7 0.007 0.54 L-Sep.2016 3.3

Apparel services other than laundry and dry

cleaning4

............................................. 0.027 1.4 0.000 0.44 S-Oct.2016 1.4

Financial services8

..................................... 0.233 5.4 0.012 1.55 L-Dec.2016 5.5

Checking account and other bank services4, 5... 3.7 2.77 S-Aug.2016 3.6

Tax return preparation and other accounting

fees4, 5.............................................. 6.5 1.45 L-Jun.2015 6.6

Special aggregate indexes

All items less food.................................................. 86.343 2.7 2.314 0.07 S-Dec.2016 2.5

All items less shelter................................................ 66.439 1.8 1.232 0.08 S-Dec.2016 1.3

All items less food and shelter.................................... 52.783 2.2 1.166 0.10 S-Dec.2016 1.7

All items less food, shelter, and energy.......................... 45.630 1.0 0.443 0.11 S-Oct.2015 1.0

All items less food, shelter, energy, and used cars and

trucks............................................................... 43.656 1.2 0.542 0.12 S-Nov.2015 1.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category,

March 2017, 12-month analysis table — Continued

[1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted]

Expenditure category

Relative

importance

Feb.

2017

Twelve Month

Unadjusted

percent

change

Mar. 2016-

Mar. 2017

Unadjusted

effect on All

Items

Mar. 2016-

Mar. 20171

Standard

error,

median

price

change2

Largest (L) or Smallest (S)

unadjusted change since:3

Date Percent

change

All items less medical care........................................ 91.445 2.3 2.087 0.06 S-Dec.2016 1.9

All items less energy................................................ 92.847 1.8 1.658 0.06 S-Dec.2016 1.8

Commodities......................................................... 36.306 1.5 0.555 0.11 S-Jan.2017 1.5

Commodities less food, energy, and used cars and

trucks............................................................ 17.151 -0.1 -0.014 0.21 S-Dec.2016 -0.2

Commodities less food.......................................... 22.649 2.1 0.488 0.16 S-Dec.2016 0.8

Commodities less food and beverages........................ 21.701 2.2 0.477 0.16 S-Dec.2016 0.7

Services.............................................................. 63.694 2.9 1.826 0.07 S-Oct.2016 2.9

Services less rent of shelter15.................................. 30.473 2.2 0.678 0.12 S-Jun.2016 2.2

Services less medical care services........................... 56.997 2.8 1.603 0.07 S-Nov.2016 2.8

Durables.............................................................. 9.256 -2.0 -0.194 0.15 S-Dec.2016 -2.0

Nondurables......................................................... 27.050 2.8 0.749 0.13 S-Jan.2017 2.6

Nondurables less food........................................... 13.394 5.2 0.683 0.24 S-Dec.2016 2.8

Nondurables less food and beverages........................ 12.446 5.5 0.672 0.26 S-Dec.2016 2.9

Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel............. 9.354 7.3 0.651 0.17 S-Dec.2016 3.9

Nondurables less food and apparel............................ 10.302 6.7 0.662 0.16 S-Dec.2016 3.7

Housing............................................................... 42.579 3.1 1.312 0.08 S-Jan.2017 3.1

Education and communication4

................................... 6.908 -2.2 -0.155 0.19 S-EVER –

Education4

......................................................... 3.179 2.5 0.081 0.16 S-Sep.2016 2.5

Communication4

.................................................. 3.729 -6.0 -0.236 0.32 S-EVER –

Information and information processing4

................... 3.590 -6.3 -0.238 0.33 S-EVER –

Information technology, hardware and services17......... 1.163 -3.2 -0.039 0.69 S-Oct.2016 -3.5

Recreation4

.......................................................... 5.700 1.3 0.074 0.25 S-Jan.2017 1.1

Video and audio4

................................................. 1.874 2.5 0.046 0.33 S-Jan.2017 2.3

Pets, pet products and services4

............................... 0.948 0.7 0.007 0.43 S-Dec.2015 0.4

Photography4

...................................................... 0.088 2.2 0.002 0.99 – –

Food and beverages................................................ 14.605 0.5 0.078 0.09 L-May 2016 0.7

Domestically produced farm food.............................. 6.567 -1.1 -0.075 0.16 L-May 2016 -0.8

Other services....................................................... 11.844 0.4 0.049 0.17 S-EVER –

Apparel less footwear.............................................. 2.413 0.8 0.020 1.01 S-Dec.2016 -0.6

Fuels and utilities.................................................... 4.999 3.9 0.193 0.16 S-Jan.2017 3.6

Household energy................................................ 3.825 4.0 0.151 0.20 S-Jan.2017 3.5

Medical care......................................................... 8.555 3.5 0.294 0.29 – –

Transportation....................................................... 15.405 4.6 0.699 0.13 S-Dec.2016 2.5

Private transportation............................................ 14.297 4.9 0.692 0.13 S-Dec.2016 2.8

New and used motor vehicles4

.............................. 6.399 -1.6 -0.105 0.19 S-Apr.2009 -1.7

Utilities and public transportation................................. 9.895 0.5 0.049 0.16 S-Nov.2016 0.5

Household furnishings and operations........................... 4.019 -0.7 -0.028 0.47 L-Mar.2016 -0.3

Other goods and services.......................................... 3.156 1.8 0.058 0.26 S-Nov.2016 1.8

Personal care..................................................... 2.496 1.4 0.035 0.32 S-Nov.2016 1.4

1 The ’effect’ of an item category is a measure of that item’s contribution to the All items price change. For example, if the Food index had an effect of

0.40, and the All items index rose 1.2 percent, then the increase in food prices contributed 0.40 / 1.2, or 33.3 percent, to that All items increase.

Said another way, had food prices been unchanged for that year the change in the All items index would have been 1.2 percent minus 0.40, or 0.8

percent. Effects can be negative as well. For example, if the effect of food was a negative 0.1, and the All items index rose 0.5 percent, the All items

index actually would have been 0.1 percent higher (or 0.6 percent) had food prices been unchanged. Since food prices fell while prices overall were

rising, the contribution of food to the All items price change was negative (in this case, -0.1 / 0.5, or minus 20 percent).

2 A statistic’s margin of error is often expressed as its point estimate plus or minus two standard errors. For example, if a CPI category rose 2.6

percent, and its standard error was 0.25 percent, the margin of error on this item’s 12-month percent change would be 2.6 percent, plus or minus

0.5 percent.

3 If the current 12-month percent change is greater than the previous published 12-month percent change, then this column identifies the closest prior

month with a 12-month percent change as (L)arge as or (L)arger than the current 12-month change. If the current 12-month percent change is

smaller than the previous published 12-month percent change, the most recent month with a change as (S)mall or (S)maller than the current month

change is identified. If the current and previous published 12-month percent changes are equal, a dash will appear. Standard numerical comparison

is used. For example, 2.0% is greater than 0.6%, -4.4% is less than -2.0%, and -2.0% is less than 0.0%. Note that a (L)arger change can be a

smaller decline, for example, a -0.2% change is larger than a -0.4% change, but still represents a decline in the price index. Likewise, (S)maller

changes can be increases, for example, a 0.6% change is smaller than 0.8%, but still represents an increase in the price index. In this context, a

-0.2% change is considered to be smaller than a 0.0% change.
4 Indexes on a December 1997=100 base.

5 Special indexes based on a substantially smaller sample. These series do not contribute to the all items index aggregation and therefore do not

have a relative importance or effect.

6 Indexes on a December 2007=100 base.

7 Indexes on a December 2005=100 base.

8 Indexes on a December 1986=100 base.

9 Indexes on a December 1993=100 base.

10 This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means

estimator. 11 Indexes on a December 2009=100 base. 12 Indexes on a December 1990=100 base. 13 Indexes on a December 1983=100 base. 14 Indexes on a December 2001=100 base. 15 Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. 16 Indexes on a December 1996=100 base. 17 Indexes on a December 1988=100 base.

NOTE: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date.