50. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by certification and licensing status and selected 

characteristics, 2015 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Total Percent of 

population Total Rate

Age

Total, 16 years and over 250,801 157,130 62.7 148,834 59.3 8,296 5.3 93,671

 With a certification or license1

44,696 38,984 87.2 37,930 84.9 1,054 2.7 5,713

 With a certification, but no license 5,461 4,739 86.8 4,575 83.8 165 3.5 722

 With a license2

39,235 34,244 87.3 33,356 85.0 889 2.6 4,991

 Without a certification or license 206,104 118,146 57.3 110,903 53.8 7,243 6.1 87,958

 16 to 24 years 38,590 21,223 55.0 18,756 48.6 2,467 11.6 17,367

 With a certification or license1

2,416 2,092 86.6 1,962 81.2 130 6.2 324

 With a certification, but no license 353 291 82.3 272 76.9 19 6.5 63

 With a license2

2,063 1,801 87.3 1,690 81.9 111 6.2 262

 Without a certification or license 36,174 19,131 52.9 16,794 46.4 2,337 12.2 17,043

 25 to 54 years 125,109 101,152 80.9 96,638 77.2 4,515 4.5 23,957

 With a certification or license1

29,059 27,114 93.3 26,434 91.0 680 2.5 1,945

 With a certification, but no license 3,676 3,403 92.6 3,296 89.6 107 3.2 273

 With a license2

25,383 23,711 93.4 23,138 91.2 573 2.4 1,672

 Without a certification or license 96,049 74,038 77.1 70,204 73.1 3,834 5.2 22,011

 55 years and over 87,102 34,755 39.9 33,440 38.4 1,315 3.8 52,347

 With a certification or license1

13,222 9,778 74.0 9,535 72.1 243 2.5 3,443

 With a certification, but no license 1,432 1,046 73.0 1,007 70.4 38 3.7 386

 With a license2

11,790 8,732 74.1 8,527 72.3 205 2.3 3,058

 Without a certification or license 73,881 24,977 33.8 23,905 32.4 1,072 4.3 48,904

Sex

Men, 16 years and over 121,101 83,620 69.1 79,131 65.3 4,490 5.4 37,481

 With a certification or license1

20,943 18,852 90.0 18,337 87.6 515 2.7 2,091

 With a certification, but no license 3,111 2,814 90.4 2,710 87.1 104 3.7 297

 With a license2

17,831 16,038 89.9 15,626 87.6 411 2.6 1,794

 Without a certification or license 100,158 64,769 64.7 60,794 60.7 3,975 6.1 35,389

Women, 16 years and over 129,700 73,510 56.7 69,703 53.7 3,807 5.2 56,190

 With a certification or license1

23,754 20,132 84.8 19,593 82.5 539 2.7 3,621

 With a certification, but no license 2,350 1,926 81.9 1,864 79.3 61 3.2 424

 With a license2

21,404 18,207 85.1 17,729 82.8 478 2.6 3,197

 Without a certification or license 105,946 53,377 50.4 50,109 47.3 3,268 6.1 52,569

Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

White, 16 years and over 196,868 123,607 62.8 117,944 59.9 5,662 4.6 73,261

 With a certification or license1

36,367 31,703 87.2 30,941 85.1 762 2.4 4,665

 With a certification, but no license 4,347 3,774 86.8 3,659 84.2 115 3.0 573

 With a license2

32,020 27,929 87.2 27,282 85.2 647 2.3 4,091

 Without a certification or license 160,501 91,904 57.3 87,004 54.2 4,901 5.3 68,596

Black or African American, 16 years and over 31,386 19,318 61.5 17,472 55.7 1,846 9.6 12,068

 With a certification or license1

4,802 4,153 86.5 3,947 82.2 206 5.0 649

 With a certification, but no license 592 511 86.2 481 81.2 30 5.8 82

 With a license2

4,209 3,642 86.5 3,466 82.3 176 4.8 567

 Without a certification or license 26,584 15,165 57.0 13,525 50.9 1,640 10.8 11,419

Asian, 16 years and over 14,420 9,053 62.8 8,706 60.4 347 3.8 5,366

 With a certification or license1

2,295 2,042 89.0 2,002 87.2 40 1.9 253

 With a certification, but no license 349 304 87.3 295 84.5 10 3.1 44

 With a license2

1,947 1,738 89.3 1,707 87.7 30 1.7 209

 Without a certification or license 12,125 7,012 57.8 6,704 55.3 307 4.4 5,113

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 16 years and over 39,617 26,126 65.9 24,400 61.6 1,726 6.6 13,491

 With a certification or license1

4,487 3,987 88.9 3,838 85.5 148 3.7 500

 With a certification, but no license 641 555 86.6 533 83.2 22 4.0 86

 With a license2

3,846 3,432 89.2 3,305 85.9 126 3.7 415

 Without a certification or license 35,131 22,139 63.0 20,561 58.5 1,578 7.1 12,991

Characteristic

Civilian 

noninstitutional 

population

Total

Not in labor 

Participation force

rate

Civilian labor force

Employed Unemployed
50. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by certification and licensing status and selected 

characteristics, 2015 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Total Percent of 

population Total Rate

Characteristic

Civilian 

noninstitutional 

population

Total

Not in labor 

Participation force

rate

Civilian labor force

Employed Unemployed

Educational attainment

Total, 25 years and over 212,211 135,907 64.0 130,077 61.3 5,830 4.3 76,304

 With a certification or license1

42,281 36,892 87.3 35,968 85.1 924 2.5 5,389

 With a certification, but no license 5,108 4,449 87.1 4,303 84.2 146 3.3 659

 With a license2

37,173 32,443 87.3 31,665 85.2 778 2.4 4,729

 Without a certification or license 169,930 99,015 58.3 94,109 55.4 4,906 5.0 70,915

 Less than a high school diploma 24,175 10,971 45.4 10,098 41.8 873 8.0 13,203

 With a certification or license1

1,078 891 82.7 846 78.5 45 5.1 187

 With a certification, but no license 148 117 79.1 109 73.8 8 6.8 31

 With a license2

930 774 83.2 737 79.3 37 4.8 156

 Without a certification or license 23,097 10,080 43.6 9,252 40.1 828 8.2 13,017

 High school graduates, no college3

61,712 35,322 57.2 33,402 54.1 1,920 5.4 26,390

 With a certification or license1

6,381 5,636 88.3 5,460 85.6 177 3.1 745

 With a certification, but no license 816 717 87.9 691 84.7 26 3.6 98

 With a license2

5,566 4,919 88.4 4,768 85.7 151 3.1 647

 Without a certification or license 55,331 29,685 53.7 27,942 50.5 1,743 5.9 25,645

 Some college or associate degree 56,263 37,481 66.6 35,785 63.6 1,695 4.5 18,782

 With a certification or license1

12,098 10,497 86.8 10,141 83.8 356 3.4 1,601

 With a certification, but no license 1,663 1,427 85.8 1,374 82.6 54 3.8 236

 With a license2

10,435 9,070 86.9 8,767 84.0 303 3.3 1,365

 Without a certification or license 44,165 26,984 61.1 25,645 58.1 1,339 5.0 17,181

 Some college, no degree 35,326 22,706 64.3 21,573 61.1 1,134 5.0 12,619

 With a certification or license1

6,082 5,218 85.8 5,019 82.5 198 3.8 864

 With a certification, but no license 886 751 84.8 720 81.3 31 4.1 135

 With a license2

5,195 4,466 86.0 4,299 82.7 167 3.7 729

 Without a certification or license 29,244 17,489 59.8 16,554 56.6 935 5.3 11,755

 Associate degree 20,937 14,774 70.6 14,213 67.9 562 3.8 6,163

 With a certification or license1

6,016 5,279 87.8 5,121 85.1 158 3.0 737

 With a certification, but no license 777 676 87.0 653 84.1 23 3.4 101

 With a license2

5,239 4,603 87.9 4,468 85.3 135 2.9 636

 Without a certification or license 14,921 9,495 63.6 9,091 60.9 404 4.3 5,426

 Bachelor's degree and higher 70,061 52,133 74.4 50,792 72.5 1,341 2.6 17,928

 With a certification or license1

22,723 19,868 87.4 19,522 85.9 346 1.7 2,856

 With a certification, but no license 2,481 2,187 88.2 2,129 85.8 58 2.7 294

 With a license2

20,243 17,681 87.3 17,393 85.9 287 1.6 2,562

 Without a certification or license 47,338 32,265 68.2 31,270 66.1 995 3.1 15,072

 Bachelor's degree only 44,086 32,684 74.1 31,772 72.1 912 2.8 11,402

 With a certification or license1

11,151 9,822 88.1 9,644 86.5 178 1.8 1,328

 With a certification, but no license 1,442 1,275 88.4 1,244 86.3 31 2.4 167

 With a license2

9,709 8,548 88.0 8,401 86.5 147 1.7 1,161

 Without a certification or license 32,935 22,862 69.4 22,128 67.2 734 3.2 10,074

 Advanced degree4

25,975 19,449 74.9 19,020 73.2 429 2.2 6,526

 With a certification or license1

11,573 10,045 86.8 9,878 85.4 168 1.7 1,528

 With a certification, but no license 1,039 912 87.8 885 85.2 27 3.0 127

 With a license2

10,534 9,133 86.7 8,993 85.4 140 1.5 1,401

 Without a certification or license 14,402 9,404 65.3 9,142 63.5 261 2.8 4,999

1 A person may have more than one certification or license.

2 Persons with a license may also have a certification.

3 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

4 Includes persons with master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Certifications are issued by a non-governmental certification body and convey that an individual has the knowledge or skill to perform a specific 

job. A license is awarded by a government agency and conveys a legal authority to work in an occupation. Estimates for the above race groups (White, 

Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as 

Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.