HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES

50. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by certification and licensing status and

selected characteristics, 2023 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Not in

labor

force Total

Participation

rate

Employed Unemployed

Total Percent of

population Total Rate

Age

Total, 16 years and over................................. 266,942 167,116 62.6 161,037 60.3 6,080 3.6 99,826

With a certification or license1

........................ 45,138 39,515 87.5 38,793 85.9 722 1.8 5,623

With a certification, but no license................ 4,671 4,114 88.1 4,018 86.0 96 2.3 557

With a license2

....................................... 40,468 35,401 87.5 34,775 85.9 627 1.8 5,067

Without a certification or license..................... 221,804 127,601 57.5 122,244 55.1 5,357 4.2 94,202

16 to 24 years.......................................... 39,339 22,129 56.3 20,372 51.8 1,757 7.9 17,210

With a certification or license1

..................... 2,410 2,112 87.6 2,029 84.2 83 3.9 298

With a certification, but no license............. 263 231 87.9 219 83.3 12 5.2 32

With a license2

.................................... 2,147 1,881 87.6 1,810 84.3 71 3.8 266

Without a certification or license.................. 36,929 20,017 54.2 18,343 49.7 1,674 8.4 16,912

25 to 54 years.......................................... 127,941 106,541 83.3 103,223 80.7 3,318 3.1 21,400

With a certification or license1

..................... 29,134 27,403 94.1 26,945 92.5 458 1.7 1,730

With a certification, but no license............. 3,155 2,953 93.6 2,893 91.7 60 2.0 203

With a license2

.................................... 25,978 24,451 94.1 24,052 92.6 398 1.6 1,528

Without a certification or license.................. 98,807 79,138 80.1 76,278 77.2 2,860 3.6 19,669

55 years and over..................................... 99,662 38,447 38.6 37,441 37.6 1,005 2.6 61,215

With a certification or license1

..................... 13,595 10,000 73.6 9,818 72.2 182 1.8 3,595

With a certification, but no license............. 1,253 930 74.3 906 72.3 24 2.6 322

With a license2

.................................... 12,342 9,070 73.5 8,912 72.2 158 1.7 3,272

Without a certification or license.................. 86,068 28,447 33.1 27,623 32.1 824 2.9 57,621

Sex

Men, 16 years and over................................. 130,476 88,877 68.1 85,500 65.5 3,377 3.8 41,599

With a certification or license1

........................ 20,500 18,375 89.6 18,029 87.9 346 1.9 2,126

With a certification, but no license................ 2,619 2,359 90.1 2,301 87.8 58 2.5 260

With a license2

....................................... 17,881 16,016 89.6 15,728 88.0 288 1.8 1,865

Without a certification or license..................... 109,976 70,503 64.1 67,471 61.4 3,031 4.3 39,473

Women, 16 years and over............................. 136,466 78,239 57.3 75,537 55.4 2,702 3.5 58,227

With a certification or license1

........................ 24,638 21,141 85.8 20,764 84.3 376 1.8 3,498

With a certification, but no license................ 2,051 1,755 85.6 1,718 83.7 38 2.1 296

With a license2

....................................... 22,587 19,385 85.8 19,047 84.3 339 1.7 3,201

Without a certification or license..................... 111,828 57,099 51.1 54,772 49.0 2,326 4.1 54,729

See footnotes at end of table.

1
HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES

50. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by certification and licensing status and

selected characteristics, 2023 annual averages — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Not in

labor

force Total

Participation

rate

Employed Unemployed

Total Percent of

population Total Rate

Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

White, 16 years and over................................ 204,515 127,327 62.3 123,165 60.2 4,162 3.3 77,188

With a certification or license1

........................ 35,384 30,893 87.3 30,375 85.8 518 1.7 4,491

With a certification, but no license................ 3,582 3,164 88.3 3,103 86.6 62 1.9 418

With a license2

....................................... 31,802 27,729 87.2 27,272 85.8 457 1.6 4,073

Without a certification or license..................... 169,131 96,434 57.0 92,791 54.9 3,644 3.8 72,697

Black or African American, 16 years and over. . . . . .. 34,667 21,886 63.1 20,674 59.6 1,212 5.5 12,781

With a certification or license1

........................ 5,605 4,937 88.1 4,800 85.6 137 2.8 668

With a certification, but no license................ 573 497 86.8 473 82.6 24 4.9 76

With a license2

....................................... 5,032 4,440 88.2 4,327 86.0 113 2.5 592

Without a certification or license..................... 29,062 16,949 58.3 15,875 54.6 1,074 6.3 12,113

Asian, 16 years and over................................ 17,591 11,439 65.0 11,096 63.1 344 3.0 6,152

With a certification or license1

........................ 2,663 2,405 90.3 2,372 89.1 33 1.4 258

With a certification, but no license................ 368 330 89.6 323 87.6 8 2.3 38

With a license2

....................................... 2,294 2,075 90.4 2,049 89.3 26 1.2 220

Without a certification or license..................... 14,928 9,034 60.5 8,724 58.4 310 3.4 5,894

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 16 years and over. . . . .. 47,532 31,818 66.9 30,343 63.8 1,475 4.6 15,714

With a certification or license1

........................ 5,253 4,687 89.2 4,578 87.1 110 2.3 566

With a certification, but no license................ 585 511 87.4 499 85.3 12 2.4 73

With a license2

....................................... 4,669 4,176 89.5 4,079 87.4 97 2.3 493

Without a certification or license..................... 42,279 27,131 64.2 25,765 60.9 1,365 5.0 15,148

See footnotes at end of table.

2
HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES

50. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by certification and licensing status and

selected characteristics, 2023 annual averages — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Not in

labor

force Total

Participation

rate

Employed Unemployed

Total Percent of

population Total Rate

Educational attainment

Total, 25 years and over................................. 227,603 144,988 63.7 140,664 61.8 4,323 3.0 82,615

With a certification or license1

........................ 42,728 37,403 87.5 36,764 86.0 640 1.7 5,325

With a certification, but no license................ 4,408 3,883 88.1 3,799 86.2 84 2.2 525

With a license2

....................................... 38,320 33,520 87.5 32,964 86.0 556 1.7 4,800

Without a certification or license..................... 184,875 107,584 58.2 103,901 56.2 3,684 3.4 77,290

Less than a high school diploma.................... 19,480 9,180 47.1 8,669 44.5 511 5.6 10,300

With a certification or license1

..................... 824 675 81.9 655 79.4 20 3.0 150

With a certification, but no license............. 96 75 77.9 71 74.1 4 4.8 21

With a license2

.................................... 729 600 82.4 584 80.1 16 2.7 128

Without a certification or license.................. 18,656 8,506 45.6 8,014 43.0 491 5.8 10,151

High school graduates, no college3

................. 63,419 35,928 56.7 34,529 54.4 1,399 3.9 27,491

With a certification or license1

..................... 5,790 5,051 87.2 4,929 85.1 122 2.4 739

With a certification, but no license............. 579 501 86.5 491 84.8 10 1.9 78

With a license2

.................................... 5,211 4,550 87.3 4,437 85.2 113 2.5 660

Without a certification or license.................. 57,629 30,877 53.6 29,600 51.4 1,277 4.1 26,752

Some college or associate degree.................. 56,926 35,803 62.9 34,714 61.0 1,089 3.0 21,123

With a certification or license1

..................... 10,908 9,421 86.4 9,218 84.5 203 2.2 1,487

With a certification, but no license............. 1,276 1,100 86.2 1,069 83.8 31 2.8 176

With a license2

.................................... 9,632 8,321 86.4 8,149 84.6 172 2.1 1,311

Without a certification or license.................. 46,018 26,381 57.3 25,496 55.4 886 3.4 19,637

Some college, no degree.......................... 32,847 19,911 60.6 19,256 58.6 655 3.3 12,936

With a certification or license1

.................. 4,938 4,248 86.0 4,149 84.0 98 2.3 690

With a certification, but no license........... 677 575 84.9 555 82.0 19 3.4 102

With a license2

................................. 4,262 3,673 86.2 3,594 84.3 79 2.2 588

Without a certification or license................ 27,909 15,663 56.1 15,107 54.1 556 3.6 12,245

Associate degree.................................... 24,079 15,891 66.0 15,457 64.2 434 2.7 8,187

With a certification or license1

.................. 5,970 5,173 86.7 5,069 84.9 105 2.0 796

With a certification, but no license........... 599 526 87.7 514 85.8 12 2.2 74

With a license2

................................. 5,370 4,648 86.5 4,555 84.8 93 2.0 723

Without a certification or license................ 18,109 10,718 59.2 10,389 57.4 329 3.1 7,391

Bachelor’s degree and higher........................ 87,778 64,077 73.0 62,752 71.5 1,324 2.1 23,701

With a certification or license1

..................... 25,206 22,256 88.3 21,962 87.1 294 1.3 2,950

With a certification, but no license............. 2,457 2,207 89.8 2,168 88.2 40 1.8 250

With a license2

.................................... 22,749 20,049 88.1 19,794 87.0 255 1.3 2,700

Without a certification or license.................. 62,572 41,821 66.8 40,790 65.2 1,030 2.5 20,751

Bachelor’s degree only............................. 54,106 39,357 72.7 38,489 71.1 868 2.2 14,749

With a certification or license1

.................. 11,954 10,654 89.1 10,491 87.8 162 1.5 1,301

With a certification, but no license........... 1,410 1,283 91.0 1,262 89.5 21 1.6 127

With a license2

................................. 10,544 9,371 88.9 9,229 87.5 141 1.5 1,174

Without a certification or license................ 42,151 28,703 68.1 27,998 66.4 706 2.5 13,448

Advanced degree4

.................................. 33,672 24,720 73.4 24,263 72.1 456 1.8 8,953

With a certification or license1

.................. 13,252 11,602 87.6 11,471 86.6 132 1.1 1,650

With a certification, but no license........... 1,047 924 88.3 906 86.5 19 2.0 123

With a license2

................................. 12,205 10,678 87.5 10,565 86.6 113 1.1 1,527

Without a certification or license................ 20,420 13,117 64.2 12,793 62.6 324 2.5 7,303

1 A person may have more than one certification or license.

2 Persons with a license may also have a certification.

3

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

4

Includes persons with master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Certifications are issued by a non-governmental certification body and convey that an individual has the knowledge or skill to perform a

specific job. A license is awarded by a government agency and conveys a legal authority to work in an occupation. Estimates for the above race

groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is

identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

3