HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES

42. Union affiliation of employed wage and salary workers by occupation and industry

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation and industry

2014 2015

Total

employed

Members

of

unions1

Represented

by unions2

Total

employed

Members

of

unions1

Represented

by unions2

Total

Percent

of

employed

Total

Percent

of

employed

Total

Percent

of

employed

Total

Percent

of

employed

Total wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131,431 14,576 11.1 16,152 12.3 133,743 14,795 11.1 16,441 12.3

OCCUPATION

Management, professional, and related

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,890 5,835 11.9 6,612 13.5 50,939 6,132 12.0 6,983 13.7

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,717 870 4.6 1,016 5.4 19,636 871 4.4 1,057 5.4

Management occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,550 562 4.5 653 5.2 13,213 581 4.4 701 5.3

Business and financial operations

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,168 308 5.0 362 5.9 6,423 290 4.5 356 5.5

Professional and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . 30,173 4,965 16.5 5,597 18.5 31,302 5,261 16.8 5,926 18.9

Computer and mathematical occupations. . . . . . 4,057 169 4.2 223 5.5 4,195 162 3.9 221 5.3

Architecture and engineering occupations. . . . . 2,635 160 6.1 190 7.2 2,777 190 6.8 219 7.9

Life, physical, and social science

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,232 122 9.9 149 12.1 1,309 109 8.3 139 10.6

Community and social service occupations. . . . 2,373 358 15.1 396 16.7 2,517 386 15.3 412 16.4

Legal occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,440 86 6.0 107 7.5 1,475 83 5.6 100 6.8

Education, training, and library occupations. . . 8,437 2,976 35.3 3,279 38.9 8,766 3,112 35.5 3,466 39.5

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,071 117 5.6 137 6.6 2,120 161 7.6 187 8.8

Healthcare practitioner and technical

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,928 977 12.3 1,115 14.1 8,142 1,059 13.0 1,183 14.5

Service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,481 2,498 10.6 2,740 11.7 23,503 2,492 10.6 2,759 11.7

Healthcare support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,326 305 9.2 346 10.4 3,305 279 8.4 314 9.5

Protective service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,128 1,103 35.3 1,166 37.3 3,092 1,123 36.3 1,189 38.5

Food preparation and serving related

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,021 338 4.2 389 4.9 8,016 329 4.1 381 4.8

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,916 504 10.2 560 11.4 4,868 473 9.7 537 11.0

Personal care and service occupations. . . . . . . . . . 4,090 248 6.1 279 6.8 4,222 288 6.8 338 8.0

Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,903 2,023 6.5 2,277 7.4 30,931 2,055 6.6 2,311 7.5

Sales and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,529 415 3.1 499 3.7 13,574 441 3.3 505 3.7

Office and administrative support occupations. . . 17,374 1,608 9.3 1,778 10.2 17,357 1,614 9.3 1,806 10.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,627 1,782 15.3 1,909 16.4 11,694 1,751 15.0 1,868 16.0

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . 935 24 2.5 30 3.2 971 18 1.9 25 2.5

Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . 6,196 1,104 17.8 1,167 18.8 6,193 1,067 17.2 1,133 18.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,496 655 14.6 711 15.8 4,530 666 14.7 710 15.7

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,530 2,438 14.8 2,614 15.8 16,676 2,365 14.2 2,521 15.1

Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,098 1,066 13.2 1,150 14.2 8,180 1,031 12.6 1,098 13.4

Transportation and material moving

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,432 1,372 16.3 1,464 17.4 8,496 1,334 15.7 1,422 16.7

INDUSTRY

Private sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111,228 7,359 6.6 8,224 7.4 113,152 7,554 6.7 8,411 7.4

Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,199 14 1.1 19 1.6 1,269 15 1.2 22 1.7

Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110,028 7,345 6.7 8,205 7.5 111,882 7,539 6.7 8,389 7.5

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.. . 1,040 50 4.8 61 5.9 866 47 5.4 57 6.5

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,968 968 13.9 1,023 14.7 7,109 940 13.2 992 14.0

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,471 1,409 9.7 1,517 10.5 14,547 1,369 9.4 1,462 10.0

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,111 876 9.6 944 10.4 9,288 874 9.4 933 10.0

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,359 534 10.0 572 10.7 5,258 494 9.4 529 10.1

Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,372 769 4.2 892 4.9 18,798 871 4.6 962 5.1

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,232 107 3.3 129 4.0 3,346 126 3.8 139 4.2

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,141 662 4.4 763 5.0 15,452 745 4.8 823 5.3

Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,750 1,153 20.1 1,217 21.2 5,722 1,106 19.3 1,159 20.3

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,814 945 19.6 996 20.7 4,765 901 18.9 946 19.8

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 935 209 22.3 221 23.7 957 205 21.4 213 22.3

Information3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,681 231 8.6 255 9.5 2,525 217 8.6 249 9.9

See footnotes at end of table.

1
HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES

42. Union affiliation of employed wage and salary workers by occupation and industry — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation and industry

2014 2015

Total

employed

Members

of

unions1

Represented

by unions2

Total

employed

Members

of

unions1

Represented

by unions2

Total

Percent

of

employed

Total

Percent

of

employed

Total

Percent

of

employed

Total

Percent

of

employed

Publishing, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 581 21 3.6 22 3.8 495 19 3.9 22 4.4

Motion pictures and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 25 7.3 29 8.2 314 37 11.7 40 12.8

Radio and television broadcasting and

cable subscription programming. . . . . . . . . . . 569 40 7.0 43 7.6 561 37 6.7 48 8.5

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 915 135 14.8 151 16.5 883 118 13.3 131 14.8

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,481 169 2.0 200 2.4 8,781 208 2.4 242 2.8

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,409 92 1.4 112 1.8 6,550 103 1.6 129 2.0

Finance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,039 53 1.3 63 1.6 4,126 53 1.3 70 1.7

Insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,370 39 1.6 49 2.1 2,424 51 2.1 59 2.4

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . 2,071 77 3.7 88 4.2 2,231 105 4.7 113 5.1

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . 13,300 309 2.3 389 2.9 13,738 348 2.5 458 3.3

Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . 8,045 109 1.4 157 2.0 8,327 142 1.7 218 2.6

Management, administrative, and waste

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,254 199 3.8 232 4.4 5,411 206 3.8 240 4.4

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,147 1,728 8.2 2,003 9.5 21,572 1,867 8.7 2,132 9.9

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,338 508 11.7 599 13.8 4,551 625 13.7 720 15.8

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . 16,809 1,220 7.3 1,404 8.4 17,021 1,242 7.3 1,412 8.3

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,997 387 3.2 454 3.8 12,357 389 3.1 449 3.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . 2,166 140 6.5 158 7.3 2,250 144 6.4 158 7.0

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . 9,831 247 2.5 296 3.0 10,107 245 2.4 291 2.9

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,455 130 8.9 143 9.8 1,575 116 7.4 127 8.0

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . 8,377 117 1.4 153 1.8 8,532 129 1.5 165 1.9

Other services3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,821 171 2.9 193 3.3 5,867 177 3.0 227 3.9

Other services, except private households.. . 5,026 157 3.1 178 3.5 5,055 166 3.3 205 4.1

Public sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,203 7,218 35.7 7,927 39.2 20,591 7,241 35.2 8,031 39.0

Federal government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,408 939 27.5 1,078 31.6 3,591 979 27.3 1,160 32.3

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,264 1,867 29.8 2,056 32.8 6,875 2,079 30.2 2,312 33.6

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,532 4,412 41.9 4,793 45.5 10,126 4,183 41.3 4,559 45.0

1 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union.

2 Data refer to both union members and workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract.

3

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

NOTE: Data refer to the sole or principal job of full- and part-time wage and salary workers. All self-employed workers are excluded, both those with incorporated

businesses and those with unincorporated businesses. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

2