HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES

5. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, and race

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Total White Black or African

American Asian

2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253,538 255,079 198,215 198,942 31,889 32,247 15,121 15,368

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159,187 160,320 124,658 124,941 19,637 20,088 9,562 9,781

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.8 62.9 62.9 62.8 61.6 62.3 63.2 63.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151,436 153,337 119,313 120,176 17,982 18,587 9,213 9,448

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.7 60.1 60.2 60.4 56.4 57.6 60.9 61.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,751 6,982 5,345 4,765 1,655 1,501 349 333

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 4.4 4.3 3.8 8.4 7.5 3.6 3.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94,351 94,759 73,557 74,001 12,252 12,159 5,559 5,587

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,497 123,275 96,861 97,225 14,525 14,712 7,064 7,181

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,755 85,145 67,564 67,592 9,315 9,508 5,091 5,166

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.2 69.1 69.8 69.5 64.1 64.6 72.1 71.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,568 81,402 64,612 65,000 8,471 8,742 4,915 4,989

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.8 66.0 66.7 66.9 58.3 59.4 69.6 69.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,187 3,743 2,952 2,592 845 766 176 177

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 4.4 4.4 3.8 9.1 8.1 3.5 3.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,743 38,130 29,297 29,633 5,209 5,204 1,973 2,015

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,023 114,783 90,572 90,941 13,278 13,464 6,640 6,747

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,759 82,206 65,169 65,296 8,965 9,163 5,000 5,061

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.7 71.6 72.0 71.8 67.5 68.1 75.3 75.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,084 78,919 62,575 63,009 8,228 8,500 4,836 4,897

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.5 68.8 69.1 69.3 62.0 63.1 72.8 72.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,675 3,287 2,594 2,288 737 663 164 164

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 4.0 4.0 3.5 8.2 7.2 3.3 3.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,263 32,577 25,403 25,645 4,313 4,301 1,640 1,686

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131,040 131,804 101,354 101,717 17,365 17,535 8,057 8,187

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,432 75,175 57,095 57,349 10,321 10,580 4,471 4,615

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.8 57.0 56.3 56.4 59.4 60.3 55.5 56.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,868 71,936 54,701 55,176 9,511 9,845 4,298 4,458

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.1 54.6 54.0 54.2 54.8 56.1 53.4 54.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,564 3,239 2,393 2,173 810 735 172 156

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 4.3 4.2 3.8 7.8 6.9 3.9 3.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,608 56,629 44,260 44,368 7,043 6,955 3,586 3,572

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,801 123,542 95,301 95,661 16,102 16,272 7,635 7,743

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,538 72,213 54,871 55,103 9,943 10,171 4,383 4,513

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.3 58.5 57.6 57.6 61.8 62.5 57.4 58.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,387 69,344 52,771 53,179 9,219 9,514 4,218 4,368

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.7 56.1 55.4 55.6 57.3 58.5 55.2 56.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,151 2,868 2,100 1,923 724 657 165 145

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 4.0 3.8 3.5 7.3 6.5 3.8 3.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,263 51,330 40,430 40,559 6,159 6,101 3,252 3,230

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,714 16,754 12,342 12,339 2,510 2,511 846 878

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,889 5,901 4,618 4,542 729 754 179 207

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.2 35.2 37.4 36.8 29.0 30.0 21.2 23.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,965 5,074 3,967 3,989 535 573 159 183

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.7 30.3 32.1 32.3 21.3 22.8 18.8 20.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 925 827 651 554 194 181 20 24

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.7 14.0 14.1 12.2 26.7 24.0 10.9 11.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,824 10,853 7,724 7,797 1,781 1,758 667 672

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.

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