HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES

5. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, and race

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Total White Black or African

American Asian

2021 2022 2021 2022 2021 2022 2021 2022

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261,445 263,973 201,881 203,214 33,613 34,131 16,521 16,933

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161,204 164,287 124,145 125,957 20,482 21,236 10,545 10,921

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.7 62.2 61.5 62.0 60.9 62.2 63.8 64.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152,581 158,291 118,291 121,908 18,726 19,937 10,016 10,615

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.4 60.0 58.6 60.0 55.7 58.4 60.6 62.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,623 5,996 5,854 4,049 1,756 1,300 529 306

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 3.6 4.7 3.2 8.6 6.1 5.0 2.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,241 99,686 77,737 77,257 13,131 12,895 5,976 6,012

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,487 128,617 98,741 100,122 15,389 15,740 7,751 8,013

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85,505 87,421 67,036 68,162 9,775 10,259 5,566 5,775

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.6 68.0 67.9 68.1 63.5 65.2 71.8 72.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,829 84,203 63,814 65,924 8,875 9,617 5,292 5,610

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.9 65.5 64.6 65.8 57.7 61.1 68.3 70.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,676 3,218 3,222 2,238 900 642 275 165

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 3.7 4.8 3.3 9.2 6.3 4.9 2.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40,983 41,197 31,705 31,959 5,614 5,480 2,184 2,238

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,174 119,965 92,612 93,759 14,207 14,508 7,316 7,566

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,518 84,276 64,695 65,738 9,442 9,866 5,469 5,671

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.8 70.3 69.9 70.1 66.5 68.0 74.7 74.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,216 81,409 61,737 63,743 8,597 9,294 5,208 5,517

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.2 67.9 66.7 68.0 60.5 64.1 71.2 72.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,302 2,867 2,957 1,995 845 572 260 154

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 3.4 4.6 3.0 8.9 5.8 4.8 2.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,656 35,689 27,918 28,021 4,765 4,642 1,847 1,896

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134,958 135,356 103,140 103,093 18,224 18,392 8,770 8,920

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,699 76,866 57,109 57,794 10,707 10,977 4,978 5,146

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.1 56.8 55.4 56.1 58.8 59.7 56.8 57.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,752 74,089 54,476 55,984 9,851 10,319 4,725 5,006

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.2 54.7 52.8 54.3 54.1 56.1 53.9 56.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,948 2,778 2,632 1,811 857 658 254 140

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 3.6 4.6 3.1 8.0 6.0 5.1 2.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,259 58,490 46,032 45,298 7,517 7,415 3,792 3,774

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,819 126,937 97,202 96,967 17,018 17,141 8,301 8,471

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,724 73,736 54,800 55,352 10,317 10,631 4,885 5,044

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.3 58.1 56.4 57.1 60.6 62.0 58.8 59.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,099 71,283 52,389 53,767 9,525 10,034 4,642 4,912

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.5 56.2 53.9 55.4 56.0 58.5 55.9 58.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,625 2,453 2,411 1,585 791 596 243 132

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 3.3 4.4 2.9 7.7 5.6 5.0 2.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,094 53,201 42,403 41,615 6,701 6,511 3,416 3,427

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,453 17,071 12,067 12,488 2,389 2,482 904 895

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,962 6,275 4,651 4,867 724 739 191 206

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.2 36.8 38.5 39.0 30.3 29.8 21.2 23.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,266 5,600 4,164 4,398 604 608 166 187

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.0 32.8 34.5 35.2 25.3 24.5 18.4 20.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 696 675 486 470 120 131 25 20

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.7 10.8 10.5 9.7 16.6 17.7 13.1 9.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,491 10,796 7,417 7,621 1,665 1,743 713 689

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.

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