HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES

42. Union affiliation of employed wage and salary workers by occupation and industry

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation and industry

2016 2017

Total

employed

Members

of

unions1

Represented

by unions2

Total

employed

Members

of

unions1

Represented

by unions2

Total

Percent

of

employed

Total

Percent

of

employed

Total

Percent

of

employed

Total

Percent

of

employed

Total wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136,101 14,555 10.7 16,271 12.0 137,890 14,817 10.7 16,444 11.9

OCCUPATION

Management, professional, and related

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,108 6,064 11.6 6,916 13.3 53,442 6,155 11.5 6,972 13.0

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,289 927 4.6 1,129 5.6 20,617 902 4.4 1,097 5.3

Management occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,563 605 4.5 736 5.4 13,894 596 4.3 727 5.2

Business and financial operations

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,726 322 4.8 393 5.8 6,723 307 4.6 370 5.5

Professional and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . 31,818 5,138 16.1 5,787 18.2 32,824 5,253 16.0 5,876 17.9

Computer and mathematical occupations. . . . . . 4,301 166 3.9 222 5.2 4,544 178 3.9 225 4.9

Architecture and engineering occupations. . . . . 2,941 187 6.4 219 7.4 3,053 220 7.2 250 8.2

Life, physical, and social science

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,276 112 8.8 138 10.8 1,360 138 10.2 154 11.3

Community and social service occupations. . . . 2,506 372 14.8 408 16.3 2,555 392 15.3 426 16.7

Legal occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,412 79 5.6 95 6.8 1,500 119 7.9 134 8.9

Education, training, and library occupations. . . 8,765 3,031 34.6 3,344 38.2 8,949 2,996 33.5 3,327 37.2

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,158 141 6.5 162 7.5 2,314 157 6.8 173 7.5

Healthcare practitioners and technical

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,459 1,051 12.4 1,199 14.2 8,548 1,054 12.3 1,186 13.9

Service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,271 2,337 9.6 2,596 10.7 24,207 2,392 9.9 2,623 10.8

Healthcare support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,373 233 6.9 275 8.1 3,412 286 8.4 314 9.2

Protective service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,093 1,069 34.5 1,133 36.6 3,119 1,082 34.7 1,152 37.0

Food preparation and serving related

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,466 333 3.9 394 4.6 8,220 314 3.8 359 4.4

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,897 430 8.8 491 10.0 4,864 441 9.1 492 10.1

Personal care and service occupations. . . . . . . . . . 4,441 272 6.1 304 6.8 4,592 268 5.8 305 6.6

Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,051 2,051 6.6 2,314 7.5 31,018 1,944 6.3 2,207 7.1

Sales and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,671 421 3.1 483 3.5 13,682 432 3.2 513 3.7

Office and administrative support occupations. . . 17,380 1,631 9.4 1,831 10.5 17,337 1,511 8.7 1,694 9.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,812 1,788 15.1 1,920 16.3 12,238 2,015 16.5 2,129 17.4

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . 988 22 2.2 31 3.2 1,090 37 3.4 42 3.8

Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . 6,387 1,177 18.4 1,240 19.4 6,529 1,262 19.3 1,318 20.2

Installation, maintenance, and repair

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,438 589 13.3 649 14.6 4,619 716 15.5 770 16.7

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,859 2,315 13.7 2,524 15.0 16,985 2,311 13.6 2,514 14.8

Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,150 959 11.8 1,049 12.9 8,143 1,006 12.4 1,092 13.4

Transportation and material moving

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,708 1,355 15.6 1,475 16.9 8,842 1,304 14.8 1,422 16.1

INDUSTRY

Private sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,417 7,435 6.4 8,437 7.3 116,935 7,601 6.5 8,494 7.3

Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,315 17 1.3 28 2.1 1,337 28 2.1 30 2.3

Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,102 7,419 6.5 8,409 7.4 115,598 7,573 6.6 8,463 7.3

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.. . 765 43 5.6 48 6.3 735 32 4.4 35 4.8

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,488 1,039 13.9 1,095 14.6 7,844 1,102 14.0 1,156 14.7

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,783 1,295 8.8 1,422 9.6 14,670 1,328 9.1 1,461 10.0

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,247 827 8.9 906 9.8 9,194 836 9.1 913 9.9

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,536 468 8.4 515 9.3 5,477 492 9.0 548 10.0

Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,515 780 4.2 887 4.8 18,778 839 4.5 940 5.0

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,288 120 3.7 137 4.2 3,291 147 4.5 160 4.9

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,227 660 4.3 750 4.9 15,487 692 4.5 780 5.0

Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,048 1,145 18.9 1,239 20.5 6,232 1,139 18.3 1,225 19.7

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,073 935 18.4 1,014 20.0 5,205 903 17.3 978 18.8

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 975 210 21.5 225 23.0 1,028 237 23.0 247 24.1

Information3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,473 222 9.0 250 10.1 2,464 242 9.8 264 10.7

See footnotes at end of table.

1
HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES

42. Union affiliation of employed wage and salary workers by occupation and industry — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation and industry

2016 2017

Total

employed

Members

of

unions1

Represented

by unions2

Total

employed

Members

of

unions1

Represented

by unions2

Total

Percent

of

employed

Total

Percent

of

employed

Total

Percent

of

employed

Total

Percent

of

employed

Publishing, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455 22 4.9 24 5.2 458 17 3.6 19 4.1

Motion pictures and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 38 11.0 43 12.3 379 43 11.4 45 11.8

Radio and television broadcasting and

cable subscription programming. . . . . . . . . . . 534 32 5.9 43 8.0 544 42 7.8 47 8.7

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 821 119 14.6 129 15.8 814 131 16.1 138 17.0

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,963 205 2.3 274 3.1 9,067 217 2.4 278 3.1

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,616 91 1.4 138 2.1 6,720 101 1.5 142 2.1

Finance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,142 49 1.2 81 2.0 4,156 46 1.1 67 1.6

Insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,473 42 1.7 57 2.3 2,563 55 2.1 76 2.9

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . 2,347 114 4.9 136 5.8 2,348 117 5.0 135 5.8

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . 14,257 346 2.4 464 3.3 14,739 335 2.3 407 2.8

Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . 8,728 141 1.6 211 2.4 9,328 162 1.7 210 2.2

Management, administrative, and waste

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,529 205 3.7 253 4.6 5,412 173 3.2 198 3.7

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,152 1,808 8.2 2,107 9.5 22,324 1,798 8.1 2,077 9.3

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,557 561 12.3 652 14.3 4,600 526 11.4 621 13.5

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . 17,595 1,247 7.1 1,454 8.3 17,724 1,272 7.2 1,456 8.2

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,687 381 3.0 438 3.5 12,748 374 2.9 428 3.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . 2,329 126 5.4 139 6.0 2,424 144 5.9 157 6.5

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . 10,358 255 2.5 299 2.9 10,324 230 2.2 271 2.6

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,506 114 7.6 123 8.2 1,454 106 7.3 114 7.8

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . 8,852 141 1.6 176 2.0 8,870 124 1.4 158 1.8

Other services3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,973 155 2.6 186 3.1 5,994 167 2.8 192 3.2

Other services, except private households.. . 5,258 152 2.9 179 3.4 5,390 164 3.0 186 3.5

Public sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,684 7,120 34.4 7,834 37.9 20,956 7,216 34.4 7,951 37.9

Federal government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,674 1,006 27.4 1,144 31.1 3,652 972 26.6 1,131 31.0

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,965 2,064 29.6 2,282 32.8 7,103 2,153 30.3 2,371 33.4

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,045 4,050 40.3 4,409 43.9 10,201 4,091 40.1 4,449 43.6

1 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union.

2 Data refer to both union members and workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract.

3

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

NOTE: Data refer to the sole or principal job of full- and part-time wage and salary workers. All self-employed workers are excluded, both those with incorporated

businesses and those with unincorporated businesses. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

2