HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES

5. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, and race

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Total White Black or African

American Asian

2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257,791 259,175 200,221 200,827 32,761 33,036 15,961 16,351

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162,075 163,539 125,815 126,600 20,414 20,632 10,137 10,460

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.9 63.1 62.8 63.0 62.3 62.5 63.5 64.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155,761 157,538 121,461 122,441 19,091 19,381 9,832 10,179

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.4 60.8 60.7 61.0 58.3 58.7 61.6 62.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,314 6,001 4,354 4,159 1,322 1,251 304 280

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9 3.7 3.5 3.3 6.5 6.1 3.0 2.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95,716 95,636 74,407 74,227 12,347 12,404 5,825 5,891

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124,678 125,353 97,933 98,220 14,964 15,102 7,471 7,666

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86,096 86,687 68,082 68,367 9,694 9,790 5,346 5,502

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.1 69.2 69.5 69.6 64.8 64.8 71.6 71.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,698 83,460 65,702 66,100 9,018 9,145 5,188 5,353

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.3 66.6 67.1 67.3 60.3 60.6 69.4 69.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,398 3,227 2,380 2,266 676 645 159 149

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9 3.7 3.5 3.3 7.0 6.6 3.0 2.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38,582 38,667 29,850 29,853 5,270 5,312 2,124 2,164

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,185 116,908 91,662 91,993 13,723 13,881 7,012 7,189

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83,188 83,737 65,812 66,037 9,327 9,454 5,255 5,396

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.6 71.6 71.8 71.8 68.0 68.1 74.9 75.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,211 80,917 63,719 64,070 8,745 8,883 5,103 5,257

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.0 69.2 69.5 69.6 63.7 64.0 72.8 73.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,976 2,819 2,094 1,967 582 571 152 140

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.0 6.2 6.0 2.9 2.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,997 33,172 25,849 25,956 4,396 4,426 1,756 1,792

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133,112 133,822 102,289 102,607 17,797 17,934 8,491 8,685

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,978 76,852 57,732 58,233 10,720 10,842 4,790 4,958

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.1 57.4 56.4 56.8 60.2 60.5 56.4 57.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,063 74,078 55,759 56,341 10,073 10,236 4,644 4,826

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.9 55.4 54.5 54.9 56.6 57.1 54.7 55.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,916 2,774 1,973 1,893 646 607 146 132

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.2 6.0 5.6 3.0 2.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,134 56,970 44,556 44,374 7,077 7,092 3,700 3,727

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124,841 125,574 96,242 96,587 16,539 16,693 8,022 8,185

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,002 73,906 55,426 55,968 10,324 10,437 4,699 4,852

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.5 58.9 57.6 57.9 62.4 62.5 58.6 59.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,424 71,470 53,682 54,304 9,751 9,910 4,563 4,729

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.4 56.9 55.8 56.2 59.0 59.4 56.9 57.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,578 2,435 1,743 1,664 573 527 136 124

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.0 5.6 5.1 2.9 2.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,839 51,668 40,816 40,619 6,215 6,256 3,323 3,332

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,765 16,693 12,318 12,247 2,499 2,463 928 978

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,885 5,896 4,576 4,594 763 741 182 211

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.1 35.3 37.2 37.5 30.5 30.1 19.6 21.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,126 5,150 4,060 4,067 596 588 166 194

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.6 30.9 33.0 33.2 23.8 23.9 17.9 19.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 759 746 516 528 167 153 16 17

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.9 12.7 11.3 11.5 21.9 20.7 8.9 8.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,879 10,796 7,741 7,653 1,736 1,722 746 767

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.

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