HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES

50. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by certification and licensing status and

selected characteristics, 2018 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Not in

labor

force Total

Participation

rate

Employed Unemployed

Total Percent of

population Total Rate

Age

Total, 16 years and over................................. 257,791 162,075 62.9 155,761 60.4 6,314 3.9 95,716

With a certification or license1

........................ 43,691 38,321 87.7 37,556 86.0 765 2.0 5,370

With a certification, but no license................ 4,197 3,658 87.2 3,546 84.5 112 3.1 539

With a license2....................................... 39,495 34,664 87.8 34,010 86.1 654 1.9 4,831

Without a certification or license..................... 214,099 123,753 57.8 118,205 55.2 5,549 4.5 90,346

16 to 24 years.......................................... 38,004 20,984 55.2 19,177 50.5 1,807 8.6 17,020

With a certification or license1..................... 2,252 1,938 86.1 1,854 82.3 85 4.4 313

With a certification, but no license............. 243 191 78.7 183 75.2 8 4.4 52

With a license2.................................... 2,008 1,747 87.0 1,671 83.2 76 4.4 261

Without a certification or license.................. 35,752 19,046 53.3 17,323 48.5 1,723 9.0 16,706

25 to 54 years.......................................... 126,390 103,705 82.1 100,314 79.4 3,391 3.3 22,685

With a certification or license1..................... 28,244 26,543 94.0 26,060 92.3 483 1.8 1,701

With a certification, but no license............. 2,784 2,598 93.3 2,526 90.7 72 2.8 186

With a license2

.................................... 25,460 23,945 94.1 23,535 92.4 410 1.7 1,515

Without a certification or license.................. 98,146 77,161 78.6 74,253 75.7 2,908 3.8 20,985

55 years and over..................................... 93,397 37,386 40.0 36,270 38.8 1,116 3.0 56,010

With a certification or license1..................... 13,196 9,840 74.6 9,642 73.1 198 2.0 3,356

With a certification, but no license............. 1,169 868 74.3 837 71.6 31 3.6 301

With a license2.................................... 12,027 8,972 74.6 8,805 73.2 167 1.9 3,055

Without a certification or license.................. 80,201 27,546 34.3 26,628 33.2 918 3.3 52,654

Sex

Men, 16 years and over................................. 124,678 86,096 69.1 82,698 66.3 3,398 3.9 38,582

With a certification or license1........................ 20,094 18,102 90.1 17,737 88.3 365 2.0 1,992

With a certification, but no license................ 2,411 2,166 89.9 2,102 87.2 64 2.9 244

With a license2....................................... 17,683 15,936 90.1 15,635 88.4 301 1.9 1,747

Without a certification or license..................... 104,584 67,994 65.0 64,961 62.1 3,033 4.5 36,590

Women, 16 years and over............................. 133,112 75,978 57.1 73,063 54.9 2,916 3.8 57,134

With a certification or license1

........................ 23,597 20,219 85.7 19,819 84.0 400 2.0 3,378

With a certification, but no license................ 1,786 1,491 83.5 1,443 80.8 48 3.2 294

With a license2

....................................... 21,812 18,728 85.9 18,376 84.2 352 1.9 3,084

Without a certification or license..................... 109,515 55,759 50.9 53,244 48.6 2,516 4.5 53,756

See footnotes at end of table.

1
HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES

50. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by certification and licensing status and

selected characteristics, 2018 annual averages — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Not in

labor

force Total

Participation

rate

Employed Unemployed

Total Percent of

population Total Rate

Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

White, 16 years and over................................ 200,221 125,815 62.8 121,461 60.7 4,354 3.5 74,407

With a certification or license1

........................ 35,190 30,829 87.6 30,279 86.0 550 1.8 4,361

With a certification, but no license................ 3,278 2,862 87.3 2,784 84.9 77 2.7 416

With a license2....................................... 31,912 27,967 87.6 27,495 86.2 472 1.7 3,944

Without a certification or license..................... 165,032 94,986 57.6 91,182 55.3 3,804 4.0 70,046

Black or African American, 16 years and over. . . . . .. 32,761 20,414 62.3 19,091 58.3 1,322 6.5 12,347

With a certification or license1

........................ 4,919 4,299 87.4 4,155 84.5 144 3.3 620

With a certification, but no license................ 500 425 85.1 405 81.0 20 4.7 75

With a license2....................................... 4,419 3,874 87.7 3,750 84.9 124 3.2 545

Without a certification or license..................... 27,841 16,115 57.9 14,936 53.6 1,179 7.3 11,727

Asian, 16 years and over................................ 15,961 10,137 63.5 9,832 61.6 304 3.0 5,825

With a certification or license1

........................ 2,334 2,089 89.5 2,059 88.2 30 1.5 244

With a certification, but no license................ 272 240 88.4 237 87.2 3 1.4 31

With a license2

....................................... 2,062 1,849 89.7 1,822 88.4 27 1.5 213

Without a certification or license..................... 13,628 8,047 59.1 7,773 57.0 274 3.4 5,580

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 16 years and over. . . . .. 42,734 28,336 66.3 27,012 63.2 1,323 4.7 14,398

With a certification or license1

........................ 4,627 4,120 89.0 4,017 86.8 103 2.5 508

With a certification, but no license................ 509 439 86.2 422 83.0 16 3.7 70

With a license2....................................... 4,118 3,681 89.4 3,594 87.3 87 2.4 437

Without a certification or license..................... 38,106 24,216 63.5 22,995 60.3 1,221 5.0 13,890

See footnotes at end of table.

2
HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES

50. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by certification and licensing status and

selected characteristics, 2018 annual averages — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Not in

labor

force Total

Participation

rate

Employed Unemployed

Total Percent of

population Total Rate

Educational attainment

Total, 25 years and over................................. 219,787 141,091 64.2 136,584 62.1 4,507 3.2 78,696

With a certification or license1

........................ 41,440 36,383 87.8 35,703 86.2 681 1.9 5,057

With a certification, but no license................ 3,953 3,466 87.7 3,363 85.1 103 3.0 487

With a license2....................................... 37,487 32,917 87.8 32,340 86.3 577 1.8 4,570

Without a certification or license..................... 178,347 104,708 58.7 100,882 56.6 3,826 3.7 73,639

Less than a high school diploma.................... 22,250 10,278 46.2 9,701 43.6 576 5.6 11,973

With a certification or license1

..................... 965 818 84.8 790 81.9 28 3.4 147

With a certification, but no license............. 107 83 77.5 79 74.2 4 4.3 24

With a license2.................................... 858 736 85.7 711 82.9 24 3.3 123

Without a certification or license.................. 21,286 9,459 44.4 8,911 41.9 548 5.8 11,826

High school graduates, no college3................. 62,592 36,010 57.5 34,550 55.2 1,461 4.1 26,581

With a certification or license1

..................... 5,996 5,298 88.4 5,149 85.9 148 2.8 698

With a certification, but no license............. 605 526 87.0 507 83.9 19 3.6 79

With a license2

.................................... 5,391 4,771 88.5 4,642 86.1 129 2.7 620

Without a certification or license.................. 56,596 30,713 54.3 29,400 51.9 1,312 4.3 25,883

Some college or associate degree.................. 57,405 37,585 65.5 36,338 63.3 1,248 3.3 19,819

With a certification or license1

..................... 11,143 9,752 87.5 9,535 85.6 217 2.2 1,391

With a certification, but no license............. 1,153 992 86.1 953 82.7 39 3.9 161

With a license2.................................... 9,991 8,760 87.7 8,582 85.9 178 2.0 1,231

Without a certification or license.................. 46,261 27,834 60.2 26,802 57.9 1,031 3.7 18,428

Some college, no degree.......................... 34,880 21,937 62.9 21,128 60.6 808 3.7 12,943

With a certification or license1

.................. 5,270 4,567 86.7 4,454 84.5 113 2.5 703

With a certification, but no license........... 608 515 84.7 491 80.8 24 4.6 93

With a license2

................................. 4,662 4,053 86.9 3,963 85.0 89 2.2 610

Without a certification or license................ 29,610 17,369 58.7 16,674 56.3 695 4.0 12,241

Associate degree.................................... 22,525 15,649 69.5 15,209 67.5 440 2.8 6,876

With a certification or license1.................. 5,873 5,185 88.3 5,081 86.5 103 2.0 689

With a certification, but no license........... 545 478 87.6 463 84.8 15 3.1 68

With a license2

................................. 5,328 4,707 88.3 4,619 86.7 88 1.9 621

Without a certification or license................ 16,651 10,464 62.8 10,128 60.8 336 3.2 6,187

Bachelor’s degree and higher........................ 77,540 57,217 73.8 55,995 72.2 1,222 2.1 20,322

With a certification or license1

..................... 23,336 20,516 87.9 20,228 86.7 288 1.4 2,820

With a certification, but no license............. 2,089 1,865 89.3 1,823 87.3 42 2.3 224

With a license2

.................................... 21,247 18,650 87.8 18,405 86.6 246 1.3 2,596

Without a certification or license.................. 54,204 36,702 67.7 35,768 66.0 934 2.5 17,502

Bachelor’s degree only............................. 48,798 35,824 73.4 35,026 71.8 799 2.2 12,973

With a certification or license1

.................. 11,436 10,125 88.5 9,977 87.2 148 1.5 1,311

With a certification, but no license........... 1,249 1,120 89.7 1,092 87.5 28 2.5 129

With a license2................................. 10,187 9,005 88.4 8,885 87.2 120 1.3 1,182

Without a certification or license................ 37,361 25,699 68.8 25,048 67.0 651 2.5 11,662

Advanced degree4

.................................. 28,742 21,393 74.4 20,970 73.0 423 2.0 7,349

With a certification or license1.................. 11,900 10,390 87.3 10,250 86.1 140 1.3 1,509

With a certification, but no license........... 840 745 88.7 731 87.0 14 1.9 95

With a license2................................. 11,059 9,645 87.2 9,520 86.1 126 1.3 1,414

Without a certification or license................ 16,843 11,003 65.3 10,719 63.6 283 2.6 5,840

1 A person may have more than one certification or license.

2 Persons with a license may also have a certification.

3

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

4

Includes persons with master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Certifications are issued by a non-governmental certification body and convey that an individual has the knowledge or skill to perform a

specific job. A license is awarded by a government agency and conveys a legal authority to work in an occupation. Estimates for the above race

groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is

identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

3