HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES

43. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by union affiliation, occupation, and industry

Occupation and industry

2022 2023

Total

Members

of

unions1

Represented

by unions2

Nonunion3 Total

Members

of

unions1

Represented

by unions2

Nonunion3

Total full-time wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,059 $1,216 $1,203 $1,029 $1,117 $1,263 $1,253 $1,090

OCCUPATION

Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . 1,465 1,406 1,388 1,477 1,527 1,455 1,445 1,539

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,569 1,503 1,487 1,573 1,630 1,628 1,613 1,631

Management occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,658 1,639 1,598 1,662 1,730 1,673 1,665 1,732

Business and financial operations occupations. . . . . . . . . . 1,464 1,346 1,339 1,470 1,517 1,493 1,484 1,519

Professional and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,392 1,388 1,369 1,398 1,458 1,435 1,423 1,468

Computer and mathematical occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,789 1,531 1,513 1,819 1,890 1,587 1,596 1,897

Architecture and engineering occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,735 1,750 1,740 1,734 1,785 1,731 1,736 1,793

Life, physical, and social science occupations. . . . . . . . . . . 1,463 1,494 1,444 1,468 1,541 1,407 1,442 1,553

Community and social service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,128 1,304 1,296 1,080 1,147 1,439 1,429 1,094

Legal occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,763 1,882 1,893 1,750 1,880 1,620 1,566 1,894

Education, training, and library occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,148 1,332 1,304 1,050 1,180 1,368 1,347 1,077

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,273 1,509 1,480 1,257 1,343 1,596 1,577 1,328

Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations. . . . . . 1,354 1,450 1,434 1,342 1,404 1,506 1,501 1,386

Service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 697 994 986 673 721 998 982 702

Healthcare support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 685 778 789 676 713 753 761 707

Protective service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,024 1,329 1,304 875 1,113 1,420 1,430 954

Food preparation and serving related occupations. . . . . . . . . 622 725 724 620 660 725 709 658

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671 787 784 654 692 792 776 682

Personal care and service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 686 747 765 683 725 950 907 720

Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 880 973 963 871 923 1,012 1,004 916

Sales and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 941 883 888 944 1,001 921 940 1,003

Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . 847 995 974 829 891 1,021 1,012 878

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 965 1,295 1,280 910 1,001 1,389 1,368 951

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 645 – – 643 689 – – 682

Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 943 1,288 1,275 890 985 1,385 1,369 921

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations. . . . . . . . . 1,043 1,346 1,322 1,007 1,092 1,428 1,395 1,044

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 821 1,052 1,041 797 869 1,083 1,053 834

Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 862 1,046 1,052 829 895 1,051 1,019 871

Transportation and material moving occupations. . . . . . . . . . 796 1,058 1,032 770 841 1,098 1,082 810

INDUSTRY

Private sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,026 1,153 1,145 1,018 1,087 1,184 1,168 1,077

Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709 – – 710 770 – – 772

Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,032 1,155 1,147 1,021 1,091 1,186 1,170 1,082

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,504 – – 1,488 1,424 – – 1,438

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,007 1,319 1,306 976 1,044 1,424 1,411 1,007

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,102 1,116 1,126 1,098 1,148 1,135 1,107 1,153

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,133 1,112 1,125 1,133 1,173 1,182 1,148 1,175

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,048 1,124 1,127 1,038 1,102 1,091 1,063 1,112

Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 859 812 823 861 900 896 900 900

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,057 1,012 993 1,063 1,152 1,019 1,078 1,157

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 814 780 797 815 846 849 852 846

Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 995 1,261 1,246 958 1,063 1,321 1,293 1,018

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 943 1,203 1,178 909 993 1,262 1,231 966

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,501 1,531 1,530 1,492 1,571 1,686 1,655 1,544

Information4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,501 1,610 1,587 1,492 1,572 1,689 1,702 1,562

Publishing, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,495 – – 1,517 1,890 – – 1,896

Motion pictures and sound recording industries. . . . . . . 1,388 2,276 2,277 1,300 1,334 – – 1,252

Broadcasting (except internet). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,479 – – 1,475 1,426 – – 1,314

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,418 1,690 1,611 1,397 1,465 1,397 1,404 1,473

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,326 1,337 1,271 1,327 1,385 1,154 1,170 1,393

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,377 1,667 1,348 1,378 1,466 1,139 1,276 1,471

Finance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,451 1,835 1,663 1,450 1,542 1,086 1,133 1,548

Insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,274 – – 1,275 1,352 – 1,314 1,353

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,088 1,160 1,228 1,082 1,150 1,226 1,151 1,150

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,353 1,091 1,112 1,362 1,407 987 1,052 1,417

See footnotes at end of table.

1
HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES

43. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by union affiliation, occupation, and

industry — Continued

Occupation and industry

2022 2023

Total

Members

of

unions1

Represented

by unions2

Nonunion3 Total

Members

of

unions1

Represented

by unions2

Nonunion3

Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,641 1,531 1,529 1,644 1,729 1,575 1,560 1,731

Management, administrative, and waste services. . . . . 796 842 835 794 868 838 848 870

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,032 1,157 1,149 1,018 1,097 1,199 1,193 1,078

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,152 1,197 1,180 1,146 1,193 1,329 1,321 1,168

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,004 1,141 1,134 995 1,062 1,145 1,145 1,049

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 707 788 813 703 747 900 891 740

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 886 808 844 889 934 1,073 1,053 926

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 678 781 803 675 712 827 830 709

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 731 764 786 726 788 874 881 776

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 668 791 812 665 701 756 753 700

Other services4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 910 1,239 1,231 899 923 1,151 1,136 915

Other services, except private households. . . . . . . . . . . . 938 1,249 1,243 923 950 1,163 1,146 940

Public sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,168 1,271 1,260 1,121 1,229 1,346 1,341 1,161

Federal government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,394 1,269 1,279 1,452 1,481 1,393 1,410 1,526

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,138 1,250 1,237 1,084 1,169 1,291 1,290 1,123

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,136 1,291 1,270 1,019 1,187 1,357 1,346 1,074

1 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union.

2 Data refer to both union members and workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract.

3 Data refer to workers who are neither members of a union nor represented by a union on their job.

4

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

NOTE: Data refer to the sole or principal job of full-time wage and salary workers. All self-employed workers are excluded, both those with incorporated businesses and

those with unincorporated businesses. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Dash indicates no data or data that do not

meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 50,000).

2