HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES

40. Union affiliation of employed wage and salary workers by selected characteristics

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

2021 2022

Total

employed

Members

of

unions1

Represented

by unions2

Total

employed

Members

of

unions1

Represented

by unions2

Total

Percent

of

employed

Total

Percent

of

employed

Total

Percent

of

employed

Total

Percent

of

employed

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136,393 14,012 10.3 15,802 11.6 141,673 14,285 10.1 16,002 11.3

16 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,083 763 4.2 954 5.3 18,811 830 4.4 984 5.2

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,311 13,249 11.2 14,849 12.6 122,863 13,456 11.0 15,018 12.2

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,360 3,041 9.4 3,449 10.7 33,030 2,965 9.0 3,343 10.1

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,260 3,326 11.4 3,740 12.8 30,955 3,460 11.2 3,848 12.4

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,851 3,521 13.1 3,880 14.4 27,753 3,502 12.6 3,904 14.1

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,210 2,696 12.1 3,028 13.6 23,130 2,799 12.1 3,097 13.4

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,629 665 8.7 751 9.8 7,995 731 9.1 826 10.3

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,739 7,523 10.6 8,416 11.9 73,672 7,771 10.5 8,551 11.6

16 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,069 475 5.2 571 6.3 9,481 504 5.3 583 6.1

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61,670 7,047 11.4 7,845 12.7 64,192 7,267 11.3 7,968 12.4

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,145 1,713 10.0 1,916 11.2 17,370 1,654 9.5 1,827 10.5

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,503 1,763 11.4 1,967 12.7 16,350 1,895 11.6 2,085 12.8

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,716 1,799 13.1 1,962 14.3 14,313 1,819 12.7 1,989 13.9

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,290 1,417 12.6 1,595 14.1 11,931 1,497 12.5 1,621 13.6

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,015 355 8.8 405 10.1 4,228 402 9.5 446 10.5

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,654 6,490 9.9 7,386 11.3 68,001 6,515 9.6 7,451 11.0

16 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,013 288 3.2 383 4.2 9,330 326 3.5 401 4.3

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,641 6,202 10.9 7,003 12.4 58,671 6,189 10.5 7,050 12.0

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,216 1,328 8.7 1,533 10.1 15,660 1,311 8.4 1,516 9.7

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,757 1,563 11.4 1,774 12.9 14,605 1,565 10.7 1,764 12.1

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,135 1,721 13.1 1,918 14.6 13,441 1,683 12.5 1,915 14.2

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,919 1,279 11.7 1,433 13.1 11,199 1,302 11.6 1,475 13.2

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,613 310 8.6 346 9.6 3,767 328 8.7 380 10.1

RACE AND HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104,921 10,774 10.3 12,142 11.6 108,230 10,792 10.0 12,111 11.2

Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,408 5,882 10.6 6,571 11.9 57,186 5,947 10.4 6,530 11.4

Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,513 4,892 9.9 5,572 11.3 51,044 4,846 9.5 5,581 10.9

Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,338 1,993 11.5 2,232 12.9 18,499 2,140 11.6 2,374 12.8

Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,037 1,003 12.5 1,125 14.0 8,725 1,138 13.0 1,246 14.3

Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,300 990 10.6 1,107 11.9 9,774 1,002 10.3 1,128 11.5

Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,119 706 7.7 818 9.0 9,615 800 8.3 882 9.2

Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,749 337 7.1 389 8.2 5,025 384 7.6 426 8.5

Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,369 368 8.4 429 9.8 4,590 416 9.1 455 9.9

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,738 2,221 9.0 2,551 10.3 26,386 2,335 8.8 2,652 10.0

Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,938 1,282 9.2 1,468 10.5 14,669 1,336 9.1 1,506 10.3

Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,799 939 8.7 1,083 10.0 11,717 999 8.5 1,146 9.8

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS3

Full-time workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,316 12,654 11.1 14,275 12.5 118,869 13,021 11.0 14,552 12.2

Part-time workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,877 1,336 6.1 1,502 6.9 22,628 1,247 5.5 1,432 6.3

1 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union.

2 Data refer to both union members and workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract.

3 The distinction between full- and part-time workers is based on hours usually worked. These data will not sum to totals because full- or part-time status on the principal

job is not identifiable for a small number of multiple jobholders. Full time is 35 hours or more per week; part time is less than 35 hours.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons

whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Data refer to the sole or principal job of full- and part-time wage and salary workers. All

self-employed workers are excluded, both those with incorporated businesses and those with unincorporated businesses. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.

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