I 

108TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 5312

To amend the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act 

of 1974 and related laws to strengthen the protection of native biodiversity and ban clearcutting on Federal land, and to designate certain 

Federal land as Ancient forests, roadless areas, watershed protection 

areas, and special areas where logging and other intrusive activities 

are prohibited. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

OCTOBER 8, 2004

Ms. ESHOO (for herself, Mr. ACKERMAN, Mr. ANDREWS, Ms. BALDWIN, Ms. 

BERKLEY, Mr. BERMAN, Mr. BISHOP of New York, Ms. CORRINE

BROWN of Florida, Mr. BROWN of Ohio, Mrs. CAPPS, Mr. CAPUANO, Mr. 

CARDIN, Ms. CARSON of Indiana, Mrs. CHRISTENSEN, Mr. CLAY, Mr. 

CLYBURN, Mr. CONYERS, Mr. COOPER, Mr. CROWLEY, Mr. CUMMINGS, 

Mr. DAVIS of Illinois, Mrs. DAVIS of California, Mr. DELAHUNT, Ms. 

DELAURO, Mr. DEUTSCH, Mr. EMANUEL, Mr. ENGEL, Mr. EVANS, Mr. 

FATTAH, Mr. FILNER, Mr. FORD, Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts, Mr. 

GONZALEZ, Mr. GRIJALVA, Mr. GUTIERREZ, Mr. HASTINGS of Florida, 

Mr. HINCHEY, Mr. HOEFFEL, Mr. HOLT, Mr. HONDA, Mr. ISRAEL, Mr. 

JACKSON of Illinois, Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas, Mr. JEFFERSON, Ms. 

EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas, Mr. KENNEDY of Rhode Island, Mr. 

KLECZKA, Mr. KUCINICH, Mr. LAMPSON, Mr. LANGEVIN, Mr. LANTOS, 

Mr. LARSON of Connecticut, Ms. LEE, Mr. LEWIS of Georgia, Mrs. 

LOWEY, Mr. LYNCH, Mrs. MALONEY, Mr. MARKEY, Mrs. MCCARTHY of 

New York, Ms. MCCARTHY of Missouri, Ms. MCCOLLUM, Mr. 

MCDERMOTT, Mr. MCGOVERN, Mr. MEEHAN, Mr. MEEKS of New York, 

Mr. MENENDEZ, Ms. MILLENDER-MCDONALD, Mr. GEORGE MILLER of 

California, Mr. MOORE, Mr. MORAN of Virginia, Mr. NADLER, Mrs. 

NAPOLITANO, Mr. NEAL of Massachusetts, Ms. NORTON, Mr. OLVER, 

Mr. PALLONE, Mr. PASCRELL, Mr. PAYNE, Mr. RANGEL, Mr. ROTHMAN, 

Mr. RUSH, Mr. SANDERS, Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, Mr. SCHIFF, Mr. SERRANO, 

Mr. SHAYS, Mr. SHERMAN, Ms. SLAUGHTER, Ms. SOLIS, Mr. STARK, 

Mrs. TAUSCHER, Mr. THOMPSON of Mississippi, Mr. TIERNEY, Mr. 

TOWNS, Ms. WATERS, Mr. WATT, Mr. WAXMAN, Mr. WEINER, Mr. 

WEXLER, Ms. WOOLSEY, and Mr. WYNN) introduced the following bill; 

which was referred to the Committee on Agriculture, and in addition to 

the Committee on Resources, for a period to be subsequently determined 
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by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall 

within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 

A BILL

To amend the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources 

Planning Act of 1974 and related laws to strengthen 

the protection of native biodiversity and ban clearcutting 

on Federal land, and to designate certain Federal land 

as Ancient forests, roadless areas, watershed protection 

areas, and special areas where logging and other intrusive activities are prohibited.

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 

5 ‘‘Act to Save America’s Forests’’. 

6 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents of 

7 this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 

Sec. 2. Findings and purposes. 

TITLE I—LAND MANAGEMENT 

Sec. 101. Committee of scientists. 

Sec. 102. Continuous forest inventory. 

Sec. 103. Administration and management. 

Sec. 104. Conforming amendments. 

TITLE II—PROTECTION FOR ANCIENT FORESTS, ROADLESS 

AREAS, WATERSHED PROTECTION AREAS, AND SPECIAL AREAS 

Sec. 201. Findings. 

Sec. 202. Definitions. 

Sec. 203. Designation of special areas. 

Sec. 204. Restrictions on management activities in Ancient forests, roadless 

areas, watershed protection areas, and special areas. 
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TITLE III—EFFECTIVE DATE 

Sec. 301. Effective date. 

Sec. 302. Effect on existing contracts. 

Sec. 303. Wilderness act exclusion.

1 SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES. 

2 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that—

3 (1) Federal agencies that permit clearcutting 

4 and other forms of even-age logging operations in5 clude the Forest Service, the United States Fish and 

6 Wildlife Service, and the Bureau of Land Manage7 ment; 

8 (2) clearcutting and other forms of even-age 

9 logging operations cause substantial alterations in 

10 native biodiversity by—

11 (A) emphasizing the production of a lim12 ited number of commercial species, and often 

13 only a single species, of trees on each site; 

14 (B) manipulating the vegetation toward 

15 greater relative density of the commercial spe16 cies; 

17 (C) suppressing competing species; and 

18 (D) requiring the planting, on numerous 

19 sites, of a commercial strain of the species that 

20 reduces the relative diversity of other genetic 

21 strains of the species that were traditionally lo22 cated on the same sites; 
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1 (3) clearcutting and other forms of even-age 

2 logging operations—

3 (A) frequently lead to the death of immo4 bile species and the very young of mobile spe5 cies of wildlife; and 

6 (B) deplete the habitat of deep-forest spe7 cies of animals, including endangered species 

8 and threatened species; 

9 (4)(A) clearcutting and other forms of even-age 

10 logging operations—

11 (i) expose the soil to direct sunlight and 

12 the impact of precipitation; 

13 (ii) disrupt the soil surface; 

14 (iii) compact organic layers; and 

15 (iv) disrupt the run-off restraining capa16 bilities of roots and low-lying vegetation, result17 ing in soil erosion, the leaching of nutrients, a 

18 reduction in the biological content of soil, and 

19 the impoverishment of soil; and 

20 (B) all of the consequences described in sub21 paragraph (A) have a long-range deleterious effect 

22 on all land resources, including timber production; 

23 (5) clearcutting and other forms of even-age 

24 logging operations aggravate global climate change 

25 by—
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1 (A) decreasing the capability of the soil to 

2 retain carbon; and 

3 (B) during the critical periods of felling 

4 and site preparation, reducing the capacity of 

5 the biomass to process and to store carbon, 

6 with a resultant loss of stored carbon to the at7 mosphere; 

8 (6) clearcutting and other forms of even-age 

9 logging operations render soil increasingly sensitive 

10 to acid deposits by causing a decline of soil wood 

11 and coarse woody debris; 

12 (7) a decline of solid wood and coarse woody 

13 debris reduces the capacity of soil to retain water 

14 and nutrients, which in turn increases soil heat and 

15 impairs soil’s ability to maintain protective carbon 

16 compounds on the soil surface; 

17 (8) clearcutting and other forms of even-age 

18 logging operations result in—

19 (A) increased stream sedimentation and 

20 the silting of stream bottoms; 

21 (B) a decline in water quality; 

22 (C) the impairment of life cycles and 

23 spawning processes of aquatic life from benthic 

24 organisms to large fish; and 
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1 (D) as a result of the effects described in 

2 subparagraphs (A) through (C), a depletion of 

3 the sport and commercial fisheries of the 

4 United States; 

5 (9) clearcutting and other forms of even-age 

6 management of Federal forests disrupt natural dis7 turbance regimes that are critical to ecosystem func8 tion; 

9 (10) clearcutting and other forms of even-age 

10 logging operations increase harmful edge effects, in11 cluding—

12 (A) blowdowns; 

13 (B) invasions by weed species; and 

14 (C) heavier losses to predators and com15 petitors; 

16 (11) by reducing the number of deep, canopied, 

17 variegated, permanent forests, clearcutting and other 

18 forms of even-age logging operations—

19 (A) limit areas where the public can satisfy 

20 an expanding need for recreation; and 

21 (B) decrease the recreational value of land; 

22 (12) clearcutting and other forms of even-age 

23 logging operations replace forests described in para24 graph (11) with a surplus of clearings that grow into 
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1 relatively impenetrable thickets of saplings, and then 

2 into monoculture tree plantations; 

3 (13) because of the harmful and, in many 

4 cases, irreversible, damage to forest species and for5 est ecosystems caused by logging of Ancient and 

6 roadless forests, clearcutting, and other forms of 

7 even-age management, it is important that these 

8 practices be halted based on the precautionary prin9 ciple; 

10 (14) human beings depend on native biological 

11 resources, including plants, animals, and micro-orga12 nisms—

13 (A) for food, medicine, shelter, and other 

14 important products; and 

15 (B) as a source of intellectual and sci16 entific knowledge, recreation, and aesthetic 

17 pleasure; 

18 (15) alteration of native biodiversity has serious 

19 consequences for human welfare, as the United 

20 States irretrievably loses resources for research and 

21 agricultural, medicinal, and industrial development; 

22 (16) alteration of biodiversity in Federal forests 

23 adversely affects the functions of ecosystems and 

24 critical ecosystem processes that—

25 (A) moderate climate; 
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1 (B) govern nutrient cycles and soil con2 servation and production; 

3 (C) control pests and diseases; and 

4 (D) degrade wastes and pollutants; 

5 (17)(A) clearcutting and other forms of even6 age management operations have significant delete7 rious effects on native biodiversity, by reducing habi8 tat and food for cavity-nesting birds and insectivores 

9 such as the 3-toed woodpecker and hairy woodpecker 

10 and for neotropical migratory bird species; and 

11 (B) the reduction in habitat and food supply 

12 could disrupt the lines of dependency among species 

13 and their food resources and thereby jeopardize crit14 ical ecosystem function, including limiting outbreaks 

15 of destructive insect populations; for example—

16 (i) the 3-toed woodpecker requires clumped 

17 snags in spruce-fir forests, and 99 percent of its 

18 winter diet is composed of insects, primarily 

19 spruce beetles; and 

20 (ii) a 3-toed woodpecker can consume as 

21 much as 26 percent of the brood of an endemic 

22 population of spruce bark beetle and reduce 

23 brood survival of the population by 70 to 79 

24 percent; 
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1 (18) the harm of clearcutting and other forms 

2 of even-age logging operations on the natural re3 sources of the United States and the quality of life 

4 of the people of the United States is substantial, se5 vere, and avoidable; 

6 (19) by substituting selection management, as 

7 required by this Act, for clearcutting and other 

8 forms of even-age logging operations, the Federal 

9 agencies involved with those logging operations 

10 would substantially reduce devastation to the envi11 ronment and improve the quality of life of the people 

12 of the United States; 

13 (20) selection management—

14 (A) retains natural forest structure and 

15 function; 

16 (B) focuses on long-term rather than 

17 short-term management; 

18 (C) works with, rather than against, the 

19 checks and balances inherent in natural proc20 esses; and 

21 (D) permits the normal, natural processes 

22 in a forest to allow the forest to go through the 

23 natural stages of succession to develop a forest 

24 with old growth ecological functions; 
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1 (21) by protecting native biodiversity, as re2 quired by this Act, Federal agencies would maintain 

3 vital native ecosystems and improve the quality of 

4 life of the people of the United States; 

5 (22) selection logging—

6 (A) is more job intensive, and therefore 

7 provides more employment than clearcutting 

8 and other forms of even-age logging operations 

9 to manage the same quantity of timber produc10 tion; and 

11 (B) produces higher quality sawlogs than 

12 clearcutting and other forms of even-age log13 ging operations; and 

14 (23) the judicial remedies available to enforce 

15 Federal forest laws are inadequate, and should be 

16 strengthened by providing for injunctions, declara17 tory judgments, statutory damages, and reasonable 

18 costs of suit. 

19 (b) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this Act is to conserve 

20 native biodiversity and protect all native ecosystems on all 

21 Federal land against losses that result from—

22 (1) clearcutting and other forms of even-age 

23 logging operations; and 

24 (2) logging in Ancient forests, roadless areas, 

25 watershed protection areas, and special areas. 
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1 TITLE I—LAND MANAGEMENT 

2 SEC. 101. COMMITTEE OF SCIENTISTS. 

3 Section 6 of the Forest and Rangeland Renewable 

4 Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 1604) is 

5 amended by striking subsection (h) and inserting the fol6 lowing: 

7 ‘‘(h) COMMITTEE OF SCIENTISTS.—

8 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—To carry out subsection 

9 (g), the Secretary shall appoint a committee com10 posed of scientists—

11 ‘‘(A) who are not officers or employees of 

12 the Forest Service, of any other public entity, 

13 or of any entity engaged in whole or in part in 

14 the production of wood or wood products; 

15 ‘‘(B) not more than one-third of whom 

16 have contracted with or represented any entity 

17 described in subparagraph (A) during the 5-

18 year period ending on the date of the proposed 

19 appointment to the committee; and 

20 ‘‘(C) not more than one-third of whom are 

21 foresters. 

22 ‘‘(2) QUALIFICATIONS OF FORESTERS.—A for23 ester appointed to the committee shall be an indi24 vidual with—
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1 ‘‘(A) extensive training in conservation bi2 ology; and 

3 ‘‘(B) field experience in selection manage4 ment. 

5 ‘‘(3) DUTIES.—The committee shall provide sci6 entific and technical advice and counsel on proposed 

7 guidelines and procedures and all other issues involv8 ing forestry and native biodiversity to promote an ef9 fective interdisciplinary approach to forestry and na10 tive biodiversity. 

11 ‘‘(4) TERMINATION.—The committee shall ter12 minate on the date that is 10 years after the date 

13 of enactment of the Act to Save America’s For14 ests.’’. 

15 SEC. 102. CONTINUOUS FOREST INVENTORY. 

16 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years after the 

17 date of enactment of this Act, each of the Chief of the 

18 Forest Service, the Director of the United States Fish and 

19 Wildlife Service, and the Director of the Bureau of Land 

20 Management (referred to individually as an ‘‘agency 

21 head’’) shall prepare a continuous inventory of forest land 

22 administered by those agency heads, respectively. 

23 (b) REQUIREMENTS.—A continuous forest inventory 

24 shall constitute a long-term monitoring and inventory sys25 tem that—
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1 (1) is contiguous throughout affected Federal 

2 forest land; and 

3 (2) is based on a set of permanent plots that 

4 are inventoried every 10 years to—

5 (A) assess the impacts that human activi6 ties are having on management of the eco7 system; 

8 (B) gauge—

9 (i) floristic and faunistic diversity, 

10 abundance, and dominance; and 

11 (ii) economic and social value; and 

12 (C) monitor changes in the age, structure, 

13 and diversity of species of trees and other vege14 tation. 

15 (c) DECENNIAL INVENTORIES.—Each decennial in16 ventory under subsection (b)(2) shall be completed not 

17 more than 60 days after the date on which the inventory 

18 is begun. 

19 (d) NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES.—In pre20 paring a continuous forest inventory, an agency head may 

21 use the services of the National Academy of Sciences to—

22 (1) develop a system for the continuous forest 

23 inventory by which certain guilds or indicator species 

24 are measured; and 
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1 (2) identify any changes to the continuous for2 est inventory that are necessary to ensure that the 

3 continuous forest inventory is consistent with the 

4 most accurate scientific methods. 

5 (e) WHOLE-SYSTEM MEASURES.—At the end of each 

6 forest planning period, an agency head shall document 

7 whole-system measures that will be taken as a result of 

8 a decennial inventory. 

9 (f) PUBLIC AVAILABILITY.—Results of a continuous 

10 forest inventory shall be made available to the public with11 out charge. 

12 SEC. 103. ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT. 

13 The Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources 

14 Planning Act of 1974 is amended by adding after section 

15 6 (16 U.S.C. 1604) the following: 

16 ‘‘SEC. 6A. CONSERVATION OF NATIVE BIODIVERSITY; SE17 LECTION LOGGING; PROHIBITION OF 

18 CLEARCUTTING. 

19 ‘‘(a) APPLICABILITY.—This section applies to the ad20 ministration and management of—

21 ‘‘(1) National Forest System land, under this 

22 Act; 

23 ‘‘(2) Federal land, under the Federal Land Pol24 icy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1701 

25 et seq.); and 
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1 ‘‘(3) National Wildlife Refuge System land, 

2 under the National Wildlife Refuge System Adminis3 tration Act of 1966 (16 U.S.C. 668dd et seq.). 

4 ‘‘(b) NATIVE BIODIVERSITY IN FORESTED AREAS.—

5 The Secretary shall provide for the conservation or res6 toration of native biodiversity in each stand and each wa7 tershed throughout each forested area, except during the 

8 extraction stage of authorized mineral development or dur9 ing authorized construction projects, in which cases the 

10 Secretary shall conserve native biodiversity to the max11 imum extent practicable. 

12 ‘‘(c) RESTRICTION ON USE OF CERTAIN LOGGING

13 PRACTICES.—

14 ‘‘(1) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection: 

15 ‘‘(A) AGE DIVERSITY.—The term ‘age di16 versity’ means the naturally occurring range 

17 and distribution of age classes within a given 

18 species. 

19 ‘‘(B) BASAL AREA.—The term ‘basal area’ 

20 means the area of the cross section of a tree 

21 stem, including the bark, at 4.5 feet above the 

22 ground. 

23 ‘‘(C) CLEARCUTTING.—The term 

24 ‘clearcutting’ means an even-age logging oper-
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1 ation that removes all of the trees over a con2 siderable portion of a stand at 1 time. 

3 ‘‘(D) CONSERVATION.—The term ‘con4 servation’ means protective measures for main5 taining native biodiversity and active and pas6 sive measures for restoring diversity through 

7 management efforts, in order to protect, re8 store, and enhance as much of the variety of 

9 species and communities as practicable in abun10 dances and distributions that provide for their 

11 continued existence and normal functioning, in12 cluding the viability of populations throughout 

13 their natural geographic distributions. 

14 ‘‘(E) EVEN-AGE LOGGING OPERATION.—

15 ‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘even16 age logging operation’ means a logging ac17 tivity that—

18 ‘‘(I) creates a clearing or opening 

that exceeds 1 19 ⁄5 acre; 

20 ‘‘(II) creates a stand in which the 

21 majority of trees are within 10 years 

22 of the same age; or 

23 ‘‘(III) within a period of 30 

24 years, cuts or removes more than the 

25 lesser of—
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1 ‘‘(aa) the growth of the 

2 basal area of all tree species (not 

3 including a tree of a non-native 

4 invasive tree species or an 

5 invasive plantation species) in a 

6 stand; or 

7 ‘‘(bb) 20 percent of the 

8 basal area of a stand. 

9 ‘‘(ii) INCLUSION.—The term ‘even-age 

10 logging operation’ includes the application 

11 of clearcutting, high grading, seed-tree cut12 ting, shelterwood cutting, or any other log13 ging method in a manner inconsistent with 

14 selection management. 

15 ‘‘(iii) EXCLUSION.—The term ‘even16 age logging operation’ does not include the 

17 cutting or removal of—

18 ‘‘(I) a tree of a non-native 

19 invasive tree species; or 

20 ‘‘(II) an invasive plantation spe21 cies, if native longleaf pine are plant22 ed in place of the removed invasive 

23 plantation species. 

24 ‘‘(F) GENETIC DIVERSITY.—The term ‘ge25 netic diversity’ means the differences in genetic 
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1 composition within and among populations of a 

2 species. 

3 ‘‘(G) HIGH GRADING.—The term ‘high 

4 grading’ means the removal of only the larger 

5 or more commercially valuable trees in a stand, 

6 resulting in an alteration in the natural range 

7 of age diversity or species diversity in the stand. 

8 ‘‘(H) INVASIVE PLANTATION SPECIES.—

9 The term ‘invasive plantation species’ means a 

10 loblolly pine or slash pine that was planted or 

11 managed by the Forest Service or any other 

12 Federal agency as part of an even-aged 

13 monoculture tree plantation. 

14 ‘‘(I) NATIVE BIODIVERSITY.—

15 ‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘native 

16 biodiversity’ means—

17 ‘‘(I) the full range of variety and 

18 variability within and among living or19 ganisms; and 

20 ‘‘(II) the ecological complexes in 

21 which the living organisms would have 

22 occurred (including naturally occur23 ring disturbance regimes) in the ab24 sence of significant human impact. 
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1 ‘‘(ii) INCLUSIONS.—The term ‘native 

2 biodiversity’ includes diversity—

3 ‘‘(I) within a species (including 

4 genetic diversity, species diversity, and 

5 age diversity); 

6 ‘‘(II) within a community of spe7 cies; 

8 ‘‘(III) between communities of 

9 species; 

10 ‘‘(IV) within a discrete area, such 

11 as a watershed; 

12 ‘‘(V) along a vertical plane from 

13 ground to sky, including application of 

14 the plane to all the other types of di15 versity; and 

16 ‘‘(VI) along the horizontal plane 

17 of the land surface, including applica18 tion of the plane to all the other types 

19 of diversity. 

20 ‘‘(J) NON-NATIVE INVASIVE TREE SPE21 CIES.—

22 ‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘non-na23 tive invasive tree species’ means a species 

24 of tree not native to North America. 
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1 ‘‘(ii) INCLUSIONS.—The term ‘non-na2 tive invasive tree species’ includes—

3 ‘‘(I) Australian pine (Casaurina 

4 equisetifolia); 

5 ‘‘(II) Brazilian pepper (Schinus 

6 terebinthifolius); 

7 ‘‘(III) Common buckthorn 

8 (Rhamnus cathartica); 

9 ‘‘(IV) Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus 

10 globulus); 

11 ‘‘(V) Glossy buckthorn (Rhamnus 

12 frangula); 

13 ‘‘(VI) Melaleuca (Melaleuca 

14 quinquenervia); 

15 ‘‘(VII) Norway maple (Acer 

16 platanoides); 

17 ‘‘(VIII) Princess tree (Paulownia 

18 tomentosa); 

19 ‘‘(IX) Salt cedar (Tamarix spe20 cies); 

21 ‘‘(X) Silk tree (Albizia 

22 julibrissin); 

23 ‘‘(XI) Strawberry guava 

24 (Psidium cattleianum); 
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1 ‘‘(XII) Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus 

2 altissima); 

3 ‘‘(XIII) Velvet tree (Miconia 

4 calvescens); and 

5 ‘‘(XIV) White poplar (Populus 

6 alba). 

7 ‘‘(K) SEED-TREE CUT.—The term ‘seed8 tree cut’ means an even-age logging operation 

9 that leaves a small minority of seed trees in a 

10 stand for any period of time. 

11 ‘‘(L) SELECTION MANAGEMENT.—

12 ‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘selec13 tion management’ means a method of log14 ging that emphasizes the periodic, indi15 vidual selection and removal of varying size 

16 and age classes of the weaker, nondomi17 nant cull trees in a stand and leaves uncut 

18 the stronger dominant trees to survive and 

19 reproduce, in a manner that works with 

20 natural forest processes and—

21 ‘‘(I) ensures the maintenance of 

22 continuous high forest cover where 

23 high forest cover naturally occurs; 
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1 ‘‘(II) ensures the maintenance or 

2 natural regeneration of all native spe3 cies in a stand; 

4 ‘‘(III) ensures the growth and de5 velopment of trees through a range of 

6 diameter or age classes to provide a 

7 sustained yield of forest products in8 cluding clean water, rich soil, and na9 tive plants and wildlife; and 

10 ‘‘(IV) ensures that some dead 

11 trees, standing and downed, shall be 

12 left in each stand where selection log13 ging occurs, to fulfill their necessary 

14 ecological functions in the forest eco15 system, including providing elemental 

16 and organic nutrients to the soil, 

17 water retention, and habitat for en18 demic insect species that provide the 

19 primary food source for predators (in20 cluding various species of amphibians 

21 and birds, such as cavity nesting 

22 woodpeckers). 

23 ‘‘(ii) EXCLUSION.—

24 ‘‘(I) IN GENERAL.—Subject to 

25 subclause (II), the term ‘selection 
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1 management’ does not include an 

2 even-age logging operation. 

3 ‘‘(II) FELLING AGE; NATIVE BIO4 DIVERSITY.—Subclause (I) does not—

5 ‘‘(aa) establish a 150-year 

6 projected felling age as the 

7 standard at which individual 

8 trees in a stand are to be cut; or 

9 ‘‘(bb) limit native biodiver10 sity to that which occurs within 

11 the context of a 150-year pro12 jected felling age. 

13 ‘‘(M) SHELTERWOOD CUT.—The term 

14 ‘shelterwood cut’ means an even-age logging op15 eration that leaves—

16 ‘‘(i) a minority of the stand (larger 

17 than a seed-tree cut) as a seed source; or 

18 ‘‘(ii) a protection cover remaining 

19 standing for any period of time. 

20 ‘‘(N) SPECIES DIVERSITY.—The term ‘spe21 cies diversity’ means the richness and variety of 

22 native species in a particular location. 

23 ‘‘(O) STAND.—The term ‘stand’ means a 

24 biological community of trees on land described 

25 in subsection (a), comprised of not more than 
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1 100 contiguous acres with sufficient identity of 

2 1 or more characteristics (including location, to3 pography, and dominant species) to be managed 

4 as a unit. 

5 ‘‘(P) TIMBER PURPOSE.—

6 ‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘timber 

7 purpose’ means the use, sale, lease, or dis8 tribution of trees, including the felling of 

9 trees or portions of trees. 

10 ‘‘(ii) EXCEPTION.—The term ‘timber 

11 purpose’ does not include the felling of 

12 trees or portions of trees to create land 

13 space for a Federal administrative struc14 ture. 

15 ‘‘(Q) WITHIN-COMMUNITY DIVERSITY.—

16 The term ‘within-community diversity’ means 

17 the distinctive assemblages of species and eco18 logical processes that occur in various physical 

19 settings of the biosphere and distinct locations. 

20 ‘‘(2) PROHIBITION OF CLEARCUTTING AND

21 OTHER FORMS OF EVEN-AGE LOGGING OPER22 ATIONS.—No clearcutting or other form of even-age 

23 logging operation shall be permitted in any stand or 

24 watershed. 
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1 ‘‘(3) MANAGEMENT OF NATIVE BIODIVER2 SITY.—On each stand on which an even-age logging 

3 operation has been conducted on or before the date 

4 of enactment of this section, and on each deforested 

5 area managed for timber purposes on or before the 

6 date of enactment of this section, excluding areas oc7 cupied by existing buildings, the Secretary shall—

8 ‘‘(A) prescribe a shift to selection manage9 ment; or 

10 ‘‘(B) cease managing the stand for timber 

11 purposes, in which case the Secretary shall—

12 ‘‘(i) undertake an active restoration of 

13 the native biodiversity of the stand; or 

14 ‘‘(ii) permit the stand to regain native 

15 biodiversity. 

16 ‘‘(4) ENFORCEMENT.—

17 ‘‘(A) FINDING.—Congress finds that all 

18 people of the United States are injured by ac19 tions on land to which subsection (g)(3)(B) and 

20 this subsection applies. 

21 ‘‘(B) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this para22 graph is to foster the widest and most effective 

23 possible enforcement of subsection (g)(3)(B) 

24 and this subsection. 
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1 ‘‘(C) FEDERAL ENFORCEMENT.—The Sec2 retary of Agriculture, the Secretary of the Inte3 rior, and the Attorney General shall enforce 

4 subsection (g)(3)(B) and this subsection against 

5 any person that violates 1 or more of those pro6 visions. 

7 ‘‘(D) CITIZEN SUITS.—

8 ‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—A citizen harmed 

9 by a violation of subsection (g)(3)(B) or 

10 this subsection may bring a civil action in 

11 United States district court for a declara12 tory judgment, a temporary restraining 

13 order, an injunction, statutory damages, or 

14 other remedy against any alleged violator, 

15 including the United States. 

16 ‘‘(ii) JUDICIAL RELIEF.—If a district 

17 court of the United States determines that 

18 a violation of subsection (g)(3)(B) or this 

19 subsection has occurred, the district 

20 court—

21 ‘‘(I) shall impose a damage 

22 award of not less than $5,000; 

23 ‘‘(II) may issue 1 or more injunc24 tions or other forms of equitable re25 lief; and 
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 ‘‘(III) shall award to the plain2 tiffs reasonable costs of bringing the 

3 action, including attorney’s fees, wit4 ness fees, and other necessary ex5 penses. 

6 ‘‘(iii) STANDARD OF PROOF.—The 

7 standard of proof in all actions under this 

8 subparagraph shall be the preponderance 

9 of the evidence. 

10 ‘‘(iv) TRIAL.—A trial for any action 

11 under this subsection shall be de novo. 

12 ‘‘(E) PAYMENT OF DAMAGES.—

13 ‘‘(i) NON-FEDERAL VIOLATOR.—A 

14 damage award under subparagraph (D)(ii) 

15 shall be paid to the Treasury by a non16 Federal violator or violators designated by 

17 the court. 

18 ‘‘(ii) FEDERAL VIOLATOR.—

19 ‘‘(I) IN GENERAL.—Not later 

20 than 40 days after the date on which 

21 judgment is rendered, a damage 

22 award under subparagraph (D)(ii) for 

23 which the United States is determined 

24 to be liable shall be paid from the 

25 Treasury, as provided under section 
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 1304 of title 31, United States Code, 

2 to the person or persons designated to 

3 receive the damage award. 

4 ‘‘(II) USE OF DAMAGE AWARD.—

5 A damage award described under sub6 clause (I) shall be used by the recipi7 ent to protect or restore native bio8 diversity on Federal land or on land 

9 adjoining Federal land. 

10 ‘‘(III) COURT COSTS.—Any 

11 award of costs of litigation and any 

12 award of attorney fees shall be paid 

13 by a Federal violator not later than 

14 40 days after the date on which judg15 ment is rendered. 

16 ‘‘(F) WAIVER OF SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY.—

17 ‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—The United States 

18 (including agents and employees of the 

19 United States) waives its sovereign immu20 nity in all respects in all actions under 

21 subsection (g)(3)(B) and this subsection. 

22 ‘‘(ii) NOTICE.—No notice is required 

23 to enforce this subsection.’’. 
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 SEC. 104. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS. 

2 Section 6(g)(3) of the Forest and Rangeland Renew3 able Resource Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 

4 1604(g)(3)) is amended—

5 (1) in subparagraph (D), by inserting ‘‘and’’ 

6 after the semicolon at the end; 

7 (2) in subparagraph (E), by striking ‘‘; and’’ 

8 and inserting a period; and 

9 (3) by striking subparagraph (F). 

10 TITLE II—PROTECTION FOR AN11 CIENT FORESTS, ROADLESS 

12 AREAS, WATERSHED PROTEC13 TION AREAS, AND SPECIAL 

14 AREAS 

15 SEC. 201. FINDINGS. 

16 Congress finds that—

17 (1) unfragmented forests on Federal land, 

18 unique and valuable assets to the general public, are 

19 damaged by extractive logging; 

20 (2) less than 10 percent of the original 

21 unlogged forests of the United States remain, and 

22 the vast majority of the remnants of the original for23 ests of the United States are located on Federal 

24 land; 

25 (3) large, unfragmented forest watersheds pro26 vide high-quality water supplies for drinking, agri-
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 culture, industry, and fisheries across the United 

2 States; 

3 (4) the most recent scientific studies indicate 

4 that several thousand species of plants and animals 

5 are dependent on large, unfragmented forest areas; 

6 (5) many neotropical migratory songbird species 

7 are experiencing documented broad-scale population 

8 declines and require large, unfragmented forests to 

9 ensure their survival; 

10 (6) destruction of large-scale natural forests 

11 has resulted in a tremendous loss of jobs in the fish12 ing, hunting, tourism, recreation, and guiding indus13 tries, and has adversely affected sustainable non14 timber forest products industries such as the collec15 tion of mushrooms and herbs; 

16 (7) extractive logging programs on Federal land 

17 are carried out at enormous financial costs to the 

18 Treasury and taxpayers of the United States; 

19 (8) Ancient forests continue to be threatened by 

20 logging and deforestation and are rapidly dis21 appearing; 

22 (9) Ancient forests help regulate atmospheric 

23 balance, maintain biodiversity, and provide valuable 

24 scientific opportunity for monitoring the health of 

25 the planet; 
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 (10) prohibiting extractive logging in the An2 cient forests would create the best conditions for en3 suring stable, well distributed, and viable popu4 lations of the northern spotted owl, marbled 

5 murrelet, American marten, and other vertebrates, 

6 invertebrates, vascular plants, and nonvascular 

7 plants associated with those forests; 

8 (11) prohibiting extractive logging in the An9 cient forests would create the best conditions for en10 suring stable, well distributed, and viable popu11 lations of anadromous salmonids, resident 

12 salmonids, and bull trout; 

13 (12) roadless areas are de facto wilderness that 

14 provide wildlife habitat and recreation; 

15 (13) large unfragmented forests, contained in 

16 large part on roadless areas on Federal land, are 

17 among the last refuges for native animal and plant 

18 biodiversity, and are vital to maintaining viable pop19 ulations of threatened, endangered, sensitive, and 

20 rare species; 

21 (14) roads cause soil erosion, disrupt wildlife 

22 migration, and allow nonnative species of plants and 

23 animals to invade native forests; 

24 (15) the mortality and reproduction patterns of 

25 forest dwelling animal populations are adversely af-
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 fected by traffic-related fatalities that accompany 

2 roads; 

3 (16) the exceptional recreational, biological, sci4 entific, or economic assets of certain special forested 

5 areas on Federal land are valuable to the public of 

6 the United States and are damaged by extractive 

7 logging; 

8 (17) in order to gauge the effectiveness and ap9 propriateness of current and future resource man10 agement activities, and to continue to broaden and 

11 develop our understanding of silvicultural practices, 

12 many special forested areas need to remain in a nat13 ural, unmanaged state to serve as scientifically es14 tablished baseline control forests; 

15 (18) certain special forested areas provide habi16 tat for the survival and recovery of endangered and 

17 threatened plant and wildlife species, such as grizzly 

18 bears, spotted owls, Pacific salmon, and Pacific yew, 

19 that are harmed by extractive logging; 

20 (19) many special forested areas on Federal 

21 land are considered sacred sites by native peoples; 

22 and 

23 (20) as a legacy for the enjoyment, knowledge, 

24 and well-being of future generations, provisions must 

25 be made for the protection and perpetuation of the 
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 Ancient forests, roadless areas, watershed protection 

2 areas, and special areas of the United States. 

3 SEC. 202. DEFINITIONS. 

4 In this title: 

5 (1) ANCIENT FOREST.—The term ‘‘Ancient for6 est’’ means—

7 (A) the northwest Ancient forests, includ8 ing—

9 (i) Federal land identified as late-suc10 cessional reserves, riparian reserves, and 

11 key watersheds under the heading ‘‘Alter12 native 1’’ of the report entitled ‘‘Final 

13 Supplemental Environmental Impact 

14 Statement on Management of Habitat for 

15 Late-Successional and Old-Growth Forest 

16 Related Species Within the Range of the 

17 Northern Spotted Owl, Vol. I.’’, and dated 

18 February 1994; and 

19 (ii) Federal land identified by the 

20 term ‘‘medium and large conifer multi-sto21 ried, canopied forests’’ as defined in the re22 port described in clause (i); 

23 (B) the eastside Cascade Ancient forests, 

24 including—
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 (i) Federal land identified as ‘‘Late2 Succession/Old-growth Forest (LS/OG)’’ 

3 depicted on maps for the Colville National 

4 Forest, Fremont National Forest, Malheur 

5 National Forest, Ochoco National Forest, 

6 Umatilla National Forest, Wallowa-Whit7 man National Forest, and Winema Na8 tional Forest in the report entitled ‘‘In9 terim Protection for Late-Successional 

10 Forests, Fisheries, and Watersheds: Na11 tional Forests East of the Cascade Crest, 

12 Oregon, and Washington’’, prepared by the 

13 Eastside Forests Scientific Society Panel 

14 (The Wildlife Society, Technical Review 

15 94–2, August 1994); 

16 (ii) Federal land east of the Cascade 

17 crest in the States of Oregon and Wash18 ington, defined as ‘‘late successional and 

19 old-growth forests’’ in the general defini20 tion on page 28 of the report described in 

21 clause (i); and 

22 (iii) Federal land classified as ‘‘Or23 egon Aquatic Diversity Areas’’, as defined 

24 in the report described in clause (i); and 
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 (C) the Sierra Nevada Ancient forests, in2 cluding—

3 (i) Federal land identified as ‘‘Areas 

4 of Late-Successional Emphasis (ALSE)’’ 

5 in the report entitled, ‘‘Final Report to 

6 Congress: Status of the Sierra Nevada’’, 

7 prepared by the Sierra Nevada Ecosystem 

8 Project (Wildland Resources Center Report 

9 #40, University of California, Davis, 1996/

10 97); 

11 (ii) Federal land identified as ‘‘Late12 Succession/Old-Growth Forests Rank 3, 4 

13 or 5’’ in the report described in clause (i); 

14 and 

15 (iii) Federal land identified as ‘‘Poten16 tial Aquatic Diversity Management Areas’’ 

17 on the map on page 1497 of Volume II of 

18 the report described in clause (i). 

19 (2) EXTRACTIVE LOGGING.—The term ‘‘extrac20 tive logging’’ means the felling or removal of any 

21 trees from Federal forest land for any purpose. 

22 (3) IMPROVED ROAD.—The term ‘‘improved 

23 road’’ means any road maintained for travel by 

24 standard passenger type vehicles. 
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 (4) ROADLESS AREA.—The term ‘‘roadless 

2 area’’ means a contiguous parcel of Federal land 

3 that is—

4 (A) devoid of improved roads, except as 

5 provided in subparagraph (B); and 

6 (B) composed of—

7 (i) at least 1,000 acres west of the 

100th meridian (with up to 1 8 ⁄2 mile of im9 proved roads per 1,000 acres); 

10 (ii) at least 1,000 acres east of the 

100th meridian (with up to 1 11 ⁄2 mile of im12 proved roads per 1,000 acres); or 

13 (iii) less than 1,000 acres, but share 

14 a border that is not an improved road with 

15 a wilderness area, primitive area, or wil16 derness study area. 

17 (5) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’, with 

18 respect to any Federal land in an Ancient forest, 

19 roadless area, watershed protection area, or special 

20 area, means the head of the Federal agency having 

21 jurisdiction over the Federal land. 

22 (6) SPECIAL AREA.—The term ‘‘special area’’ 

23 means an area of Federal forest land designated 

24 under section 3 that may not meet the definition of 
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 an Ancient forest, roadless area, or watershed pro2 tection area, but that—

3 (A) possesses outstanding biological, sce4 nic, recreational, or cultural values; and 

5 (B) is exemplary on a regional, national, or 

6 international level. 

7 (7) WATERSHED PROTECTION AREA.—The 

8 term ‘‘watershed protection area’’ means Federal 

9 land that extends—

10 (A) 300 feet from both sides of the active 

11 stream channel of any permanently flowing 

12 stream or river; 

13 (B) 100 feet from both sides of the active 

14 channel of any intermittent, ephemeral, or sea15 sonal stream, or any other nonpermanently 

16 flowing drainage feature having a definable 

17 channel and evidence of annual scour or deposi18 tion of flow-related debris; 

19 (C) 300 feet from the edge of the max20 imum level of any natural lake or pond; or 

21 (D) 150 feet from the edge of the max22 imum level of a constructed lake, pond, or res23 ervoir, or a natural or constructed wetland. 

24 SEC. 203. DESIGNATION OF SPECIAL AREAS. 

25 (a) IN GENERAL.—
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 (1) FINDING.—A special area shall possess at 

2 least 1 of the values described in paragraphs (2) 

3 through (5). 

4 (2) BIOLOGICAL VALUES.—The biological values 

5 of a special area may include the presence of—

6 (A) threatened species or endangered spe7 cies of plants or animals; 

8 (B) rare or endangered ecosystems; 

9 (C) key habitats necessary for the recovery 

10 of endangered species or threatened species; 

11 (D) recovery or restoration areas of rare or 

12 underrepresented forest ecosystems; 

13 (E) migration corridors; 

14 (F) areas of outstanding biodiversity; 

15 (G) old growth forests; 

16 (H) commercial fisheries; and 

17 (I) sources of clean water such as key wa18 tersheds. 

19 (3) SCENIC VALUES.—The scenic values of a 

20 special area may include the presence of—

21 (A) unusual geological formations; 

22 (B) designated wild and scenic rivers; 

23 (C) unique biota; and 

24 (D) vistas. 
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 (4) RECREATIONAL VALUES.—The recreational 

2 values of a special area may include the presence 

3 of—

4 (A) designated national recreational trails 

5 or recreational areas; 

6 (B) areas that are popular for such recre7 ation and sporting activities as—

8 (i) hunting; 

9 (ii) fishing; 

10 (iii) camping; 

11 (iv) hiking; 

12 (v) aquatic recreation; and 

13 (vi) winter recreation; 

14 (C) Federal land in regions that are under15 served in terms of recreation; 

16 (D) land adjacent to designated wilderness 

17 areas; and 

18 (E) solitude. 

19 (5) CULTURAL VALUES.—The cultural values of 

20 a special area may include the presence of—

21 (A) sites with Native American religious 

22 significance; and 

23 (B) historic or prehistoric archaeological 

24 sites eligible for listing on the national historic 

25 register. 
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 (b) SIZE VARIATION.—A special area may vary in 

2 size to encompass the outstanding biological, scenic, rec3 reational, or cultural value or values to be protected. 

4 (c) DESIGNATION OF SPECIAL AREAS.—There are 

5 designated the following special areas, which shall be sub6 ject to the management restrictions specified in section 

7 204: 

8 (1) ALABAMA.—

9 (A) SIPSEY WILDERNESS HEADWATERS.—

10 Certain land in the Bankhead National Forest, 

11 Bankhead Ranger District, in Lawrence Coun12 ty, totaling approximately 22,000 acres, located 

13 directly north and upstream of the Sipsey Wil14 derness, and directly south of Forest Road 213. 

15 (B) BRUSHY FORK.—Certain land in the 

16 Bankhead National Forest, Bankhead Ranger 

17 District, in Lawrence County, totaling approxi18 mately 6,200 acres, bounded by Forest Roads 

19 249, 254, and 246 and Alabama Highway 33. 

20 (C) REBECCA MOUNTAIN.—Certain land in 

21 the Talladega National Forest, Talladega Rang22 er District, Talladega County and Clay County, 

23 totaling approximately 9,000 acres, comprised 

24 of all Talladega National Forest lands south of 

25 Forest Roads 621 and 621 B, east of Alabama 
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 Highway 48/77 and County Highway 308, and 

2 north of the power transmission line. 

3 (D) AUGUSTA MINE RIDGE.—Certain land 

4 in the Talladega National Forest, Shoal Creek 

5 Ranger District, Cherokee County and Cleburn 

6 County, totaling approximately 6,000 acres, and 

7 comprised of all Talladega National Forest land 

8 north of the Chief Ladiga Rail Trail. 

9 (E) MAYFIELD CREEK.—Certain land in 

10 the Talladega National Forest, Oakmulgee 

11 Ranger District, in Rail County, totaling ap12 proximately 4,000 acres, and bounded by For13 est Roads 731, 723, 718, and 718A. 

14 (F) BEAR BAY.—Certain land in the 

15 Conecuh National Forest, Conecuh District, in 

16 Covington County, totaling approximately 3,000 

17 acres, bounded by County Road 11, Forest 

18 Road 305, County Road 3, and the County 

19 Road connecting County Roads 3 and 11. 

20 (2) ALASKA.—

21 (A) TURNAGAIN ARM.—Certain land in the 

22 Chugach National Forest, on the Kenai Penin23 sula, totaling approximately 100,000 acres, ex24 tending from sea level to ridgetop surrounding 
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 the inlet of Turnagain Arm, known as 

2 ‘‘Turnagain Arm’’. 

3 (B) HONKER DIVIDE.—Certain land in the 

4 Tongass National Forest, totaling approxi5 mately 75,000 acres, located on north central 

6 Prince of Wales Island, comprising the Thorne 

7 River and Hatchery Creek watersheds, stretch8 ing approximately 40 miles northwest from the 

9 vicinity of the town of Thorne Bay to the vicin10 ity of the town of Coffman Cove, generally 

11 known as the ‘‘Honker Divide’’. 

12 (3) ARIZONA: NORTH RIM OF THE GRAND CAN13 YON.—Certain land in the Kaibab National Forest 

14 that is included in the Grand Canyon Game Pre15 serve, totaling approximately 500,000 acres, abut16 ting the northern side of the Grand Canyon in the 

17 area generally known as the ‘‘North Rim of the 

18 Grand Canyon’’. 

19 (4) ARKANSAS.—

20 (A) COW CREEK DRAINAGE, ARKANSAS.—

21 Certain land in the Ouachita National Forest, 

22 Mena Ranger District, in Polk County, totaling 

23 approximately 7,000 acres, known as ‘‘Cow 

24 Creek Drainage, Arkansas’’, and bounded ap25 proximately—
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1 (i) on the north, by County Road 95; 

2 (ii) on the south, by County Road 

3 157; 

4 (iii) on the east, by County Road 48; 

5 and 

6 (iv) on the west, by the Arkansas7 Oklahoma border. 

8 (B) LEADER AND BRUSH MOUNTAINS.—

9 Certain land in the Ouachita National Forest, 

10 Montgomery County and Polk County, totaling 

11 approximately 120,000 acres, known as ‘‘Lead12 er Mountain’’ and ‘‘Brush Mountain’’, located 

13 in the vicinity of the Blaylock Creek Watershed 

14 between Long Creek and the South Fork of the 

15 Saline River. 

16 (C) POLK CREEK AREA.—Certain land in 

17 the Ouachita National Forest, Mena Ranger 

18 District, totaling approximately 20,000 acres, 

19 bounded by Arkansas Highway 4 and Forest 

20 Roads 73 and 43, known as the ‘‘Polk Creek 

21 area’’. 

22 (D) LOWER BUFFALO RIVER WATER23 SHED.—Certain land in the Ozark National 

24 Forest, Sylamore Ranger District, totaling ap25 proximately 6,000 acres, including Forest Serv-
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 ice land that has not been designated as a wil2 derness area before the date of enactment of 

3 this Act, located in the watershed of Big Creek 

4 southwest of the Leatherwood Wilderness Area, 

5 Searcy County and Marion County, and known 

6 as the ‘‘Lower Buffalo River Watershed’’. 

7 (E) UPPER BUFFALO RIVER WATER8 SHED.—Certain land in the Ozark National 

9 Forest, Buffalo Ranger District, totaling ap10 proximately 220,000 acres, comprised of Forest 

11 Service that has not been designated as a wil12 derness area before the date of enactment of 

13 this Act, known as the ‘‘Upper Buffalo River 

14 Watershed’’, located approximately 35 miles 

15 from the town of Harrison, Madison County, 

16 Newton County, and Searcy County, upstream 

17 of the confluence of the Buffalo River and Rich18 land Creek in the watersheds of—

19 (i) the Buffalo River; 

20 (ii) the various streams comprising 

21 the Headwaters of the Buffalo River; 

22 (iii) Richland Creek; 

23 (iv) Little Buffalo Headwaters; 

24 (v) Edgmon Creek; 

25 (vi) Big Creek; and 
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 (vii) Cane Creek. 

2 (5) CALIFORNIA: GIANT SEQUOIA PRESERVE.—

3 Certain land in the Sequoia National Forest and Si4 erra National Forest, known as the ‘‘Giant Sequoia 

5 Preserve’’, comprised of 3 discontinuous parcels and 

6 approximately 442,425 acres, located in Fresno 

7 County, Tulare County, and Kern County, in the 

8 Southern Sierra Nevada mountain range, includ9 ing—

10 (A) the Kings River Unit (145,600 acres) 

11 and nearby Redwood Mountain Unit (11,730 

12 acres), located approximately 25 miles east of 

13 the city of Fresno; and 

14 (B) the South Unit (285,095 acres), lo15 cated approximately 15 miles east of the city of 

16 Porterville. 

17 (6) COLORADO: COCHETOPA HILLS.—Certain 

18 land in the Gunnison Basin area, known as the 

19 ‘‘Cochetopa Hills’’, administered by the Gunnison 

20 National Forest, Grand Mesa National Forest, 

21 Uncompahgre National Forest, and Rio Grand Na22 tional Forest, totaling approximately 500,000 acres, 

23 spanning the continental divide south and east of 

24 the city of Gunnison, in Saguache County, and in25 cluding—
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 (A) Elk Mountain and West Elk Mountain; 

2 (B) the Grand Mesa; 

3 (C) the Uncompahgre Plateau; 

4 (D) the northern San Juan Mountains; 

5 (E) the La Garitas Mountains; and 

6 (F) the Cochetopa Hills. 

7 (7) GEORGIA.—

8 (A) ARMUCHEE CLUSTER.—Certain land 

9 in the Chattahoochee National Forest, 

10 Armuchee Ranger District, known as the 

11 ‘‘Armuchee Cluster’’, totaling approximately 

12 19,700 acres, comprised of 3 parcels known as 

13 ‘‘Rocky Face’’, ‘‘Johns Mountain’’, and ‘‘Hid14 den Creek’’, located approximately 10 miles 

15 southwest of Dalton and 14 miles north of 

16 Rome, in Whitfield County, Walker County, 

17 Chattooga County, Floyd County, and Gordon 

18 County. 

19 (B) BLUE RIDGE CORRIDOR CLUSTER, 

20 GEORGIA AREAS.—Certain land in the Chat21 tahoochee National Forest, Chestatee Ranger 

22 District, totaling approximately 15,000 acres, 

23 known as the ‘‘Blue Ridge Corridor Cluster, 

24 Georgia Areas’’, comprised of 5 parcels known 

25 as ‘‘Horse Gap’’, ‘‘Hogback Mountain’’, 
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 ‘‘Blackwell Creek’’, ‘‘Little Cedar Mountain’’, 

2 and ‘‘Black Mountain’’, located approximately 

3 15 to 20 miles north of the town of Dahlonega, 

4 in Union County and Lumpkin County. 

5 (C) CHATTOOGA WATERSHED CLUSTER, 

6 GEORGIA AREAS.—Certain land in the Chat7 tahoochee National Forest, Tallulah Ranger 

8 District, totaling 63,500 acres, known as the 

9 ‘‘Chattooga Watershed Cluster, Georgia Areas’’, 

10 comprised of 7 areas known as ‘‘Rabun Bald’’, 

11 ‘‘Three Forks’’, ‘‘Ellicott Rock Extension’’, 

12 ‘‘Rock Gorge’’, ‘‘Big Shoals’’, ‘‘Thrift’s Ferry’’, 

13 and ‘‘Five Falls’’, in Rabun County, near the 

14 towns of Clayton, Georgia, and Dillard, South 

15 Carolina. 

16 (D) COHUTTA CLUSTER.—Certain land in 

17 the Chattahoochee National Forest, Cohutta 

18 Ranger District, totaling approximately 28,000 

19 acres, known as the ‘‘Cohutta Cluster’’, com20 prised of 4 parcels known as ‘‘Cohutta Exten21 sions’’, ‘‘Grassy Mountain’’, ‘‘Emery Creek’’, 

22 and ‘‘Mountaintown’’, near the towns of 

23 Chatsworth and Ellijay, in Murray County, 

24 Fannin County, and Gilmer County. 
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 (E) DUNCAN RIDGE CLUSTER.—Certain 

2 land in the Chattahoochee National Forest, 

3 Brasstown and Toccoa Ranger Districts, total4 ing approximately 17,000 acres, known as the 

5 ‘‘Duncan Ridge Cluster’’, comprised of the par6 cels known as ‘‘Licklog Mountain’’, ‘‘Duncan 

7 Ridge’’, ‘‘Board Camp’’, and ‘‘Cooper Creek 

8 Scenic Area Extension’’, approximately 10 to 

9 15 miles south of the town of Blairsville, in 

10 Union County and Fannin County. 

11 (F) ED JENKINS NATIONAL RECREATION

12 AREA CLUSTER.—Certain land in the Chat13 tahoochee National Forest, Toccoa and 

14 Chestatee Ranger Districts, totaling approxi15 mately 19,300 acres, known as the ‘‘Ed Jenkins 

16 National Recreation Area Cluster’’, comprised 

17 of the Springer Mountain, Mill Creek, and 

18 Toonowee parcels, 30 miles north of the town 

19 of Dahlonega, in Fannin County, Dawson 

20 County, and Lumpkin County. 

21 (G) GAINESVILLE RIDGES CLUSTER.—Cer22 tain land in the Chattahoochee National Forest, 

23 Chattooga Ranger District, totaling approxi24 mately 14,200 acres, known as the ‘‘Gainesville 

25 Ridges Cluster’’, comprised of 3 parcels known 
49

•HR 5312 IH 

1 as ‘‘Panther Creek’’, ‘‘Tugaloo Uplands’’, and 

2 ‘‘Middle Fork Broad River’’, approximately 10 

3 miles from the town of Toccoa, in Habersham 

4 County and Stephens County. 

5 (H) NORTHERN BLUE RIDGE CLUSTER, 

6 GEORGIA AREAS.—Certain land in the Chat7 tahoochee National Forest, Brasstown and 

8 Tallulah Ranger Districts, totaling approxi9 mately 46,000 acres, known as the ‘‘Northern 

10 Blue Ridge Cluster, Georgia Areas’’, comprised 

11 of 8 areas known as ‘‘Andrews Cove’’, ‘‘Anna 

12 Ruby Falls Scenic Area Extension’’, ‘‘High 

13 Shoals’’, ‘‘Tray Mountain Extension’’, ‘‘Kelly 

14 Ridge-Moccasin Creek’’, ‘‘Buzzard Knob’’, 

15 ‘‘Southern Nantahala Extension’’, and ‘‘Patter16 son Gap’’, approximately 5 to 15 miles north of 

17 Helen, 5 to 15 miles southeast of Hiawassee, 

18 north of Clayton, and west of Dillard, in White 

19 County, Towns County, and Rabun County. 

20 (I) RICH MOUNTAIN CLUSTER.—Certain 

21 land in the Chattahoochee National Forest, 

22 Toccoa Ranger District, totaling approximately 

23 9,500 acres, known as the ‘‘Rich Mountain 

24 Cluster’’, comprised of the parcels known as 

25 ‘‘Rich Mountain Extension’’ and ‘‘Rocky Moun-
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 tain’’, located 10 to 15 miles northeast of the 

2 town of Ellijay, in Gilmer County and Fannin 

3 County. 

4 (J) WILDERNESS HEARTLANDS CLUSTER, 

5 GEORGIA AREAS.—Certain land in the Chat6 tahoochee National Forest, Chestatee, 

7 Brasstown and Chattooga Ranger Districts, to8 taling approximately 16,500 acres, known as 

9 the ‘‘Wilderness Heartlands Cluster, Georgia 

10 Areas’’, comprised of 4 parcels known as the 

11 ‘‘Blood Mountain Extensions’’, ‘‘Raven Cliffs 

12 Extensions’’, ‘‘Mark Trail Extensions’’, and 

13 ‘‘Brasstown Extensions’’, near the towns of 

14 Dahlonega, Cleveland, Helen, and Blairsville, in 

15 Lumpkin County, Union County, White County, 

16 and Towns County. 

17 (8) IDAHO.—

18 (A) COVE/MALLARD.—Certain land in the 

19 Nez Perce National Forest, totaling approxi20 mately 94,000 acres, located approximately 30 

21 miles southwest of the town of Elk City, and 

22 west of the town of Dixie, in the area generally 

23 known as ‘‘Cove/Mallard’’. 

24 (B) MEADOW CREEK.—Certain land in the 

25 Nez Perce National Forest, totaling approxi-
51

•HR 5312 IH 

1 mately 180,000 acres, located approximately 8 

2 miles east of the town of Elk City in the area 

3 generally known as ‘‘Meadow Creek’’. 

4 (C) FRENCH CREEK/PATRICK BUTTE.—

5 Certain land in the Payette National Forest, to6 taling approximately 141,000 acres, located ap7 proximately 20 miles north of the town of 

8 McCall in the area generally known as ‘‘French 

9 Creek/Patrick Butte’’. 

10 (9) ILLINOIS.—

11 (A) CRIPPS BEND.—Certain land in the 

12 Shawnee National Forest, totaling approxi13 mately 39 acres, located in Jackson County in 

14 the Big Muddy River watershed, in the area 

15 generally known as ‘‘Cripps Bend’’. 

16 (B) OPPORTUNITY AREA 6.—Certain land 

17 in the Shawnee National Forest, totaling ap18 proximately 50,000 acres, located in northern 

19 Pope County surrounding Bell Smith Springs 

20 Natural Area, in the area generally known as 

21 ‘‘Opportunity Area 6’’. 

22 (C) QUARREL CREEK.—Certain land in the 

23 Shawnee National Forest, totaling approxi24 mately 490 acres, located in northern Pope 
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•HR 5312 IH 

1 County in the Quarrel Creek watershed, in the 

2 area generally known as ‘‘Quarrel Creek’’. 

3 (10) MICHIGAN: TRAP HILLS.—Certain land in 

4 the Ottawa National Forest, Bergland Ranger Dis5 trict, totaling approximately 37,120 acres, known as 

6 the ‘‘Trap Hills’’, located approximately 5 miles 

7 from the town of Bergland, in Ontonagon County. 

8 (11) MINNESOTA.—

9 (A) TROUT LAKE AND SUOMI HILLS.—Cer10 tain land in the Chippewa National Forest, to11 taling approximately 12,000 acres, known as 

12 ‘‘Trout Lake/Suomi Hills’’ in Itasca County. 

13 (B) LULLABY WHITE PINE RESERVE.—

14 Certain land in the Superior National Forest, 

15 Gunflint Ranger District, totaling approxi16 mately 2,518 acres, in the South Brule Oppor17 tunity Area, northwest of Grand Marais in 

18 Cook County, known as the ‘‘Lullaby White 

19 Pine Reserve’’. 

20 (12) MISSOURI: ELEVEN POINT-BIG SPRINGS

21 AREA.—Certain land in the Mark Twain National 

22 Forest, Eleven Point Ranger District, totaling ap23 proximately 200,000 acres, comprised of the admin24 istrative area of the Eleven Point Ranger District, 

25 known as the ‘‘Eleven Point-Big Springs Area’’. 
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1 (13) MONTANA: MOUNT BUSHNELL.—Certain 

2 land in the Lolo National Forest, totaling approxi3 mately 41,000 acres, located approximately 5 miles 

4 southwest of the town of Thompson Falls in the 

5 area generally known as ‘‘Mount Bushnell’’. 

6 (14) NEW MEXICO.—

7 (A) ANGOSTURA.—Certain land in the 

8 eastern half of the Carson National Forest, Ca9 mino Real Ranger District, totaling approxi10 mately 10,000 acres, located in Township 21, 

11 Ranges 12 and 13, known as ‘‘Angostura’’, and 

12 bounded—

13 (i) on the northeast, by Highway 518; 

14 (ii) on the southeast, by the Angos15 tura Creek watershed boundary; 

16 (iii) on the southern side, by Trail 19 

17 and the Pecos Wilderness; and 

18 (iv) on the west, by the Agua Piedra 

19 Creek watershed. 

20 (B) LA MANGA.—Certain land in the west21 ern half of the Carson National Forest, El Rito 

22 Ranger District, at the Vallecitos Sustained 

23 Yield Unit, totaling approximately 5,400 acres, 

24 known as ‘‘La Manga’’, in Township 27, Range 

25 6, and bounded—
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1 (i) on the north, by the Tierra 

2 Amarilla Land Grant; 

3 (ii) on the south, by Canada 

4 Escondida; 

5 (iii) on the west, by the Sustained 

6 Yield Unit boundary and the Tierra 

7 Amarilla Land Grant; and 

8 (iv) on the east, by the Rio Vallecitos. 

9 (C) ELK MOUNTAIN.—Certain land in the 

10 Santa Fe National Forest, totaling approxi11 mately 7,220 acres, known as ‘‘Elk Mountain’’ 

12 located in Townships 17 and 18 and Ranges 12 

13 and 13, and bounded—

14 (i) on the north, by the Pecos Wilder15 ness; 

16 (ii) on the east, by the Cow Creek 

17 Watershed; 

18 (iii) on the west, by the Cow Creek; 

19 and 

20 (iv) on the south, by Rito de la Osha. 

21 (D) JEMEZ HIGHLANDS.—Certain land in 

22 the Jemez Ranger District of the Santa Fe Na23 tional Forest, totaling approximately 54,400 

24 acres, known as the ‘‘Jemez Highlands’’, lo25 cated primarily in Sandoval County. 
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1 (15) NORTH CAROLINA.—

2 (A) CENTRAL NANTAHALA CLUSTER, 

3 NORTH CAROLINA AREAS.—Certain land in the 

4 Nantahala National Forest, Tusquitee, Cheoah, 

5 and Wayah Ranger Districts, totaling approxi6 mately 107,000 acres, known as the ‘‘Central 

7 Nantahala Cluster, North Carolina Areas’’, 

8 comprised of 9 parcels known as ‘‘Tusquitee 

9 Bald’’, ‘‘Shooting Creek Bald’’, ‘‘Cheoah Bald’’, 

10 ‘‘Piercy Bald’’, ‘‘Wesser Bald’’, ‘‘Tellico Bald’’, 

11 ‘‘Split White Oak’’, ‘‘Siler Bald’’, and ‘‘South12 ern Nantahala Extensions’’, near the towns of 

13 Murphy, Franklin, Bryson City, Andrews, and 

14 Beechertown, in Cherokee County, Macon 

15 County, Clay County, and Swain County. 

16 (B) CHATTOOGA WATERSHED CLUSTER, 

17 NORTH CAROLINA AREAS.—Certain land in the 

18 Nantahala National Forest, Highlands Ranger 

19 District, totaling approximately 8,000 acres, 

20 known as the ‘‘Chattooga Watershed Cluster, 

21 North Carolina Areas’’, comprised of the Over22 flow (Blue Valley) and Terrapin Mountain par23 cels, 5 miles from the town of Highlands, in 

24 Macon County and Jackson County. 
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1 (C) TENNESSEE BORDER CLUSTER, NORTH

2 CAROLINA AREAS.—Certain land in the 

3 Nantahala National Forest, Tusquitee and 

4 Cheoah Ranger Districts, totaling approxi5 mately 28,000 acres, known as the ‘‘Tennessee 

6 Border Cluster, North Carolina Areas’’, com7 prised of the 4 parcels known as the ‘‘Unicoi 

8 Mountains’’, ‘‘Deaden Tree’’, ‘‘Snowbird’’, and 

9 ‘‘Joyce Kilmer-Slickrock Extension’’, near the 

10 towns of Murphy and Robbinsville, in Cherokee 

11 County and Graham County. 

12 (D) BALD MOUNTAINS.—Certain land in 

13 the Pisgah National Forest, French Broad 

14 Ranger District, totaling approximately 13,000 

15 acres known as the ‘‘Bald Mountains’’, located 

16 12 miles northeast of the town of Hot Springs, 

17 in Madison County. 

18 (E) BIG IVY TRACT.—Certain land in the 

19 Pisgah National Forest, totaling approximately 

20 14,000 acres, located approximately 15 miles 

21 west of Mount Mitchell in the area generally 

22 known as the ‘‘Big Ivy Tract’’. 

23 (F) BLACK MOUNTAINS CLUSTER, NORTH

24 CAROLINA AREAS.—Certain land in the Pisgah 

25 National Forest, Toecane and Grandfather 
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1 Ranger Districts, totaling approximately 62,000 

2 acres, known as the ‘‘Black Mountains Cluster, 

3 North Carolina Areas’’, comprised of 5 parcels 

4 known as ‘‘Craggy Mountains’’, ‘‘Black Moun5 tains’’, ‘‘Jarrett Creek’’, ‘‘Mackey Mountain’’, 

6 and ‘‘Woods Mountain’’, near the towns of 

7 Burnsville, Montreat and Marion, in Buncombe 

8 County, Yancey County, and McDowell County. 

9 (G) LINVILLE CLUSTER.—Certain land in 

10 the Pisgah National Forest, Grandfather Dis11 trict, totaling approximately 42,000 acres, 

12 known as the ‘‘Linville Cluster’’, comprised of 

13 7 parcels known as ‘‘Dobson Knob’’, ‘‘Linville 

14 Gorge Extension’’, ‘‘Steels Creek’’, ‘‘Sugar 

15 Knob’’, ‘‘Harper Creek’’, ‘‘Lost Cove’’, and 

16 ‘‘Upper Wilson Creek’’, near the towns of Mar17 ion, Morgantown, Spruce Pine, Linville, and 

18 Blowing Rock, in Burke County, McDowell 

19 County, Avery County, and Caldwell County. 

20 (H) NOLICHUCKY, NORTH CAROLINA

21 AREA.—Certain land in the Pisgah National 

22 Forest, Toecane Ranger District, totaling ap23 proximately 4,000 acres, known as the 

24 ‘‘Nolichucky, North Carolina Area’’, located 25 
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1 miles northwest of Burnsville, in Mitchell Coun2 ty and Yancey County. 

3 (I) PISGAH CLUSTER, NORTH CAROLINA

4 AREAS.—Certain land in the Pisgah National 

5 Forest, Pisgah Ranger District, totaling ap6 proximately 52,000 acres, known as the ‘‘Pis7 gah Cluster, North Carolina Areas’’, comprised 

8 of 5 parcels known as ‘‘Shining Rock and Mid9 dle Prong Extensions’’, ‘‘Daniel Ridge’’, ‘‘Cedar 

10 Rock Mountain’’, ‘‘South Mills River’’, and 

11 ‘‘Laurel Mountain’’, 5 to 12 miles north of the 

12 town of Brevard and southwest of the city of 

13 Asheville, in Haywood County, Transylvania 

14 County, and Henderson County. 

15 (J) WILDCAT.—Certain land in the Pisgah 

16 National Forest, French Broad Ranger Dis17 trict, totaling approximately 6,500 acres, known 

18 as ‘‘Wildcat’’, located 20 miles northwest of the 

19 town of Canton, in Haywood County. 

20 (16) OHIO.—

21 (A) ARCHERS FORK COMPLEX.—Certain 

22 land in the Marietta Unit of the Athens Ranger 

23 District, in the Wayne National Forest, in 

24 Washington County, known as ‘‘Archers Fork 
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1 Complex’’, totaling approximately 18,350 acres, 

2 located northeast of Newport and bounded—

3 (i) on the northwest, by State High4 way 26; 

5 (ii) on the northeast, by State High6 way 260; 

7 (iii) on the southeast, by the Ohio 

8 River; and 

9 (iv) on the southwest, by Bear Run 

10 and Danas Creek. 

11 (B) BLUEGRASS RIDGE.—Certain land in 

12 the Ironton Ranger District on the Wayne Na13 tional Forest, in Lawrence County, known as 

14 ‘‘Bluegrass Ridge’’, totaling approximately 

15 4,000 acres, located 3 miles east of Etna in 

16 Township 4 North, Range 17 West, Sections 19 

17 through 23 and 27 through 30. 

18 (C) BUFFALO CREEK.—Certain land in the 

19 Ironton Ranger District of the Wayne National 

20 Forest, Lawrence County, Ohio, known as 

21 ‘‘Buffalo Creek’’, totaling approximately 6500 

22 acres, located 4 miles northwest of Waterloo in 

23 Township 5 North, Ranger 17 West, sections 3 

24 through 10 and 15 through 18. 
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1 (D) LAKE VESUVIUS.—Certain land in the 

2 Ironton Ranger District of the Wayne National 

3 Forest, in Lawrence County, totaling approxi4 mately 4,900 acres, generally known as ‘‘Lake 

5 Vesuvius’’, located to the east of Etna in Town6 ship 2 North, Range 18 West, and bounded—

7 (i) on the southwest, by State High8 way 93; and 

9 (ii) on the northwest, by State High10 way 4. 

11 (E) MORGAN SISTERS.—Certain land in 

12 the Ironton Ranger District of the Wayne Na13 tional Forest, in Lawrence County, known as 

14 ‘‘Morgan Sisters’’, totaling approximately 2,500 

15 acres, located 1 mile east of Gallia and bounded 

16 by State Highway 233 in Township 6 North, 

17 Range 17 West, sections 13, 14, 23 and 24 and 

18 Township 5 North, Range 16 West, sections 18 

19 and 19. 

20 (F) UTAH RIDGE.—Certain land in the 

21 Athens Ranger District of the Wayne National 

22 Forest, in Athens County, known as ‘‘Utah 

23 Ridge’’, totaling approximately 9,000 acres, lo24 cated 1 mile northwest of Chauncey and bound25 ed—
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1 (i) on the southeast, by State High2 way 682 and State Highway 13; 

3 (ii) on the southwest, by US Highway 

4 33 and State Highway 216; and 

5 (iii) on the north, by State Highway 

6 665. 

7 (G) WILDCAT HOLLOW.—Certain land in 

8 the Athens Ranger District of the Wayne Na9 tional Forest, in Perry County and Morgan 

10 County, known as ‘‘Wildcat Hollow’’, totaling 

11 approximately 4,500 acres, located 1 mile east 

12 of Corning in Township 12 North, Range 14 

13 West, sections 1, 2, 11–14, 23 and 24 and 

14 Township 8 North, Range 13 West, sections 7, 

15 18, and 19. 

16 (17) OKLAHOMA: COW CREEK DRAINAGE, OKLA17 HOMA.—Certain land in the Ouachita National For18 est, Mena Ranger District, in Le Flore County, to19 taling approximately 3,000 acres, known as ‘‘Cow 

20 Creek Drainage, Oklahoma’’, and bounded approxi21 mately—

22 (A) on the west, by the Beech Creek Na23 tional Scenic Area; 

24 (B) on the north, by State Highway 63; 
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1 (C) on the east, by the Arkansas-Okla2 homa border; and 

3 (D) on the south, by County Road 9038 on 

4 the south. 

5 (18) OREGON: APPLEGATE WILDERNESS.—Cer6 tain land in the Siskiyou National Forest and Rogue 

7 River National Forest, totaling approximately 

8 20,000 acres, approximately 20 miles southwest of 

9 the town of Grants Pass and 10 miles south of the 

10 town of Williams, in the area generally known as the 

11 ‘‘Applegate Wilderness’’. 

12 (19) PENNSYLVANIA.—

13 (A) THE BEAR CREEK SPECIAL AREA.—

14 Certain land in the Allegheny National Forest, 

15 Marienville Ranger District, Elk County, total16 ing approximately 7,800 acres, and comprised 

17 of Allegheny National Forest land bounded—

18 (i) on the west, by Forest Service 

19 Road 136; 

20 (ii) on the north, by Forest Service 

21 Roads 339 and 237; 

22 (iii) on the east, by Forest Service 

23 Road 143; and 

24 (iv) on the south, by Forest Service 

25 Road 135. 
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1 (B) THE BOGUS ROCKS SPECIAL AREA.—

2 Certain land in the Allegheny National Forest, 

3 Marienville Ranger District, Forest County, to4 taling approximately 1,015 acres, and com5 prised of Allegheny National Forest land in 

6 compartment 714 bounded—

7 (i) on the northeast and east, by State 

8 Route 948; 

9 (ii) on the south, by State Route 66; 

10 (iii) on the southwest and west, by 

11 Township Road 370; 

12 (iv) on the northwest, by Forest Serv13 ice Road 632; and 

14 (v) on the north, by a pipeline. 

15 (C) THE CHAPPEL FORK SPECIAL AREA.—

16 Certain land in the Allegheny National Forest, 

17 Bradford Ranger District, McKean County, to18 taling approximately 10,000 acres, and com19 prised of Allegheny National Forest land 

20 bounded—

21 (i) on the south and southeast, by 

22 State Road 321; 

23 (ii) on the south, by Chappel Bay; 

24 (iii) on the west, by the Allegheny 

25 Reservoir; 
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1 (iv) on the north, by State Route 59; 

2 and 

3 (v) on the east, by private land. 

4 (D) THE FOOLS CREEK SPECIAL AREA.—

5 Certain land in the Allegheny National Forest, 

6 Bradford Ranger District, Warren County, to7 taling approximately 1,500 acres, and com8 prised of Allegheny National Forest land south 

9 and west of Forest Service Road 255 and west 

10 of FR 255A, bounded—

11 (i) on the west, by Minister Road; and 

12 (ii) on the south, by private land. 

13 (E) THE HICKORY CREEK SPECIAL

14 AREA.—Certain land in the Allegheny National 

15 Forest, Bradford Ranger District, Warren 

16 County, totaling approximately 2,000 acres, and 

17 comprised of Allegheny National Forest land 

18 bounded—

19 (i) on the east and northeast, by 

20 Heart’s Content Road; 

21 (ii) on the south, by Hickory Creek 

22 Wilderness Area; 

23 (iii) on the northwest, by private land; 

24 and 
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1 (iv) on the north, by Allegheny Front 

2 National Recreation Area. 

3 (F) THE LAMENTATION RUN SPECIAL

4 AREA.—Certain land in the Allegheny National 

5 Forest, Marienville Ranger District, Forest 

6 County, totaling approximately 4,500 acres, 

7 and—

8 (i) comprised of Allegheny National 

9 Forest land bounded—

10 (I) on the north, by Tionesta 

11 Creek; 

12 (II) on the east, by Salmon 

13 Creek; 

14 (III) on the southeast and south15 west, by private land; and 

16 (IV) on the south, by Forest 

17 Service Road 210; and 

18 (ii) including the lower reaches of 

19 Bear Creek. 

20 (G) THE LEWIS RUN SPECIAL AREA.—Cer21 tain land in the Allegheny National Forest, 

22 Bradford Ranger District, McKean County, to23 taling approximately 500 acres, and comprised 

24 of Allegheny National Forest land north and 

25 east of Forest Service Road 312.3, including 
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1 land known as the ‘‘Lewis Run Natural Area’’ 

2 and consisting of land within Compartment 

3 466, Stands 1–3, 5–8, 10–14, and 18–27. 

4 (H) THE MILL CREEK SPECIAL AREA.—

5 Certain land in the Allegheny National Forest, 

6 Marienville Ranger District, Elk County, total7 ing approximately 2,000 acres, and comprised 

8 of Allegheny National Forest land within a 1-

9 mile radius of the confluence of Red Mill Run 

10 and Big Mill Creek and known as the ‘‘Mill 

11 Creek Natural Area’’. 

12 (I) THE MILLSTONE CREEK SPECIAL

13 AREA.—Certain land in the Allegheny National 

14 Forest, Marienville Ranger District, Forest 

15 County, totaling approximately 30,000 acres, 

16 and comprised of Allegheny National Forest 

17 land bounded—

18 (i) on the north, by State Route 66; 

19 (ii) on the northeast, by Forest Serv20 ice Road 226; 

21 (iii) on the east, by Forest Service 

22 Roads 130, 774, and 228; 

23 (iv) on the southeast, by State Road 

24 3002 and Forest Service Road 189; 
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1 (v) on the south, by the Clarion River; 

2 and 

3 (vi) on the southwest, west, and 

4 northwest, by private land. 

5 (J) THE MINISTER CREEK SPECIAL

6 AREA.—Certain land in the Allegheny National 

7 Forest, Bradford Ranger District, Warren 

8 County, totalling approximately 6,600 acres, 

9 and comprised of Allegheny National Forest 

10 land bounded—

11 (i) on the north, by a snowmobile 

12 trail; 

13 (ii) on the east, by Minister Road; 

14 (iii) on the south, by State Route 666 

15 and private land; 

16 (iv) on the southwest, by Forest Serv17 ice Road 420; and 

18 (v) on the west, by warrants 3109 and 

19 3014. 

20 (K) THE MUZETTE SPECIAL AREA.—Cer21 tain land in the Allegheny National Forest, 

22 Marienville Ranger District, Forest County, to23 taling approximately 325 acres, and comprised 

24 of Allegheny National Forest land bounded—
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1 (i) on the west, by 79°16’ longitude, 

2 approximately; 

3 (ii) on the north, by Forest Service 

4 Road 561; 

5 (iii) on the east, by Forest Service 

6 Road 212; and 

7 (iv) on the south, by private land. 

8 (L) THE SUGAR RUN SPECIAL AREA.—Cer9 tain land in the Allegheny National Forest, 

10 Bradford Ranger District, McKean County, to11 taling approximately 8,800 acres, and com12 prised of Allegheny National Forest land 

13 bounded—

14 (i) on the north, by State Route 346 

15 and private land; 

16 (ii) on the east, by Forest Service 

17 Road 137; and 

18 (iii) on the south and west, by State 

19 Route 321. 

20 (M) THE TIONESTA SPECIAL AREA.—Cer21 tain land in the Allegheny National Forest, 

22 Bradford and Marienville Ranger Districts, Elk, 

23 Forest, McKean, and Warren Counties, total24 ling approximately 27,000 acres, and comprised 

25 of Allegheny National Forest land bounded—
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1 (i) on the west, by private land and 

2 State Route 948; 

3 (ii) on the northwest, by Forest Serv4 ice Road 258; 

5 (iii) on the north, by Hoffman Farm 

6 Recreation Area and Forest Service Road 

7 486; 

8 (iv) on the northeast, by private land 

9 and State Route 6; 

10 (v) on the east, by private land south 

11 to Forest Road 133, then by snowmobile 

12 trail from Forest Road 133 to Windy City, 

13 then by private land and Forest Road 327 

14 to Russell City; and 

15 (vi) on the southwest, by State Routes 

16 66 and 948. 

17 (20) SOUTH CAROLINA.—

18 (A) BIG SHOALS, SOUTH CAROLINA

19 AREA.—Certain land in the Sumter National 

20 Forest, Andrew Pickens Ranger District, in 

21 Oconee County, totaling approximately 2,000 

22 acres, known as ‘‘Big Shoals, South Carolina 

23 Area’’, 15 miles south of Highlands, North 

24 Carolina. 
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1 (B) BRASSTOWN CREEK, SOUTH CAROLINA

2 AREA.—Certain land in the Sumter National 

3 Forest, Andrew Pickens Ranger District, in 

4 Oconee County, totaling approximately 3,500 

5 acres, known as ‘‘Brasstown Creek, South 

6 Carolina Area’’, approximately 15 miles west of 

7 Westminster, South Carolina. 

8 (C) CHAUGA.—Certain land in the Sumter 

9 National Forest, Andrew Pickens Ranger Dis10 trict, in Oconee County, totaling approximately 

11 16,000 acres, known as ‘‘Chauga’’, approxi12 mately 10 miles west of Walhalla, South Caro13 lina. 

14 (D) DARK BOTTOMS.—Certain land in the 

15 Sumter National Forest, Andrew Pickens Rang16 er District, in Oconee County, totaling approxi17 mately 4,000 acres, known as ‘‘Dark Bottoms’’, 

18 approximately 10 miles northwest of West19 minster, South Carolina. 

20 (E) ELLICOTT ROCK EXTENSION, SOUTH

21 CAROLINA AREA.—Certain land in the Sumter 

22 National Forest, Andrew Pickens Ranger Dis23 trict, in Oconee County, totaling approximately 

24 2,000 acres, known as ‘‘Ellicott Rock Exten25 sion, South Carolina Area’’, located approxi-
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1 mately 10 miles south of Cashiers, North Caro2 lina. 

3 (F) FIVE FALLS, SOUTH CAROLINA

4 AREA.—Certain land in the Sumter National 

5 Forest, Andrew Pickens Ranger District, in 

6 Oconee County, totaling approximately 3,500 

7 acres, known as ‘‘Five Falls, South Carolina 

8 Area’’, approximately 10 miles southeast of 

9 Clayton, Georgia. 

10 (G) PERSIMMON MOUNTAIN.—Certain land 

11 in the Sumter National Forest, Andrew Pickens 

12 Ranger District, in Oconee County, totaling ap13 proximately 7,000 acres, known as ‘‘Persimmon 

14 Mountain’’, approximately 12 miles south of 

15 Cashiers, North Carolina. 

16 (H) ROCK GORGE, SOUTH CAROLINA

17 AREA.—Certain land in the Sumter National 

18 Forest, Andrew Pickens Ranger District, in 

19 Oconee County, totaling approximately 2,000 

20 acres, known as ‘‘Rock Gorge, South Carolina 

21 Area’’, 12 miles southeast of Highlands, North 

22 Carolina. 

23 (I) TAMASSEE.—Certain land in the Sum24 ter National Forest, Andrew Pickens Ranger 

25 District, in Oconee County, totaling approxi-
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1 mately 5,500 acres, known as ‘‘Tamassee’’, ap2 proximately 10 miles north of Walhalla, South 

3 Carolina. 

4 (J) THRIFT’S FERRY, SOUTH CAROLINA

5 AREA.—Certain land in the Sumter National 

6 Forest, Andrew Pickens Ranger District, in 

7 Oconee County, totaling approximately 5,000 

8 acres, known as ‘‘Thrift’s Ferry, South Caro9 lina Area’’, 10 miles east of Clayton, Georgia. 

10 (21) SOUTH DAKOTA.—

11 (A) BLACK FOX AREA.—Certain land in 

12 the Black Hills National Forest, totaling ap13 proximately 12,400 acres, located in the upper 

14 reaches of the Rapid Creek watershed, known 

15 as the ‘‘Black Fox Area’’, and roughly bound16 ed—

17 (i) on the north, by FDR 206; 

18 (ii) on the south, by the steep slopes 

19 north of Forest Road 231; and 

20 (iii) on the west, by a fork of Rapid 

21 Creek. 

22 (B) BREAKNECK AREA.—Certain land in 

23 the Black Hills National Forest, totaling 6,700 

24 acres, located along the northeast edge of the 

25 Black Hills in the vicinity of the Black Hills 
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1 National Cemetery and the Bureau of Land 

2 Management’s Fort Meade Recreation Area, 

3 known as the ‘‘Breakneck Area’’, and gen4 erally—

5 (i) bounded by Forest Roads 139 and 

6 169 on the north, west, and south; and 

7 (ii) demarcated along the eastern and 

8 western boundaries by the ridge-crests di9 viding the watershed. 

10 (C) NORBECK PRESERVE.—Certain land in 

11 the Black Hills National Forest, totaling ap12 proximately 27,766 acres, known as the 

13 ‘‘Norbeck Preserve’’, and encompassed approxi14 mately by a boundary that, starting at the 

15 southeast corner—

16 (i) runs north along FDR 753 and 

17 United States Highway Alt. 16, then along 

18 SD 244 to the junction of Palmer Creek 

19 Road, which serves generally as a north20 west limit; 

21 (ii) heads south from the junction of 

22 Highways 87 and 89; 

23 (iii) runs southeast along Highway 

24 87; and 
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1 (iv) runs east back to FDR 753, ex2 cluding a corridor of private land along 

3 FDR 345. 

4 (D) PILGER MOUNTAIN AREA.—Certain 

5 land in the Black Hills National Forest, total6 ing approximately 12,600 acres, known as the 

7 ‘‘Pilger Mountain Area’’, located in the Elk 

8 Mountains on the southwest edge of the Black 

9 Hills, and roughly bounded—

10 (i) on the east and northeast, by For11 est Roads 318 and 319; 

12 (ii) on the north and northwest, by 

13 Road 312; and 

14 (iii) on the southwest, by private land. 

15 (E) STAGEBARN CANYONS.—Certain land 

16 in the Black Hills National Forest, known as 

17 ‘‘Stagebarn Canyons’’, totaling approximately 

18 7,300 acres, approximately 10 miles west of 

19 Rapid City, South Dakota. 

20 (22) TENNESSEE.—

21 (A) BALD MOUNTAINS CLUSTER, TEN22 NESSEE AREAS.—Certain land in the 

23 Nolichucky and Unaka Ranger Districts of the 

24 Cherokee National Forest, in Cocke County, 

25 Green County, Washington County, and Unicoi 
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1 County, totaling approximately 46,133 acres, 

2 known as the ‘‘Bald Mountains Cluster, Ten3 nessee Areas’’, and comprised of 10 parcels 

4 known as ‘‘Laurel Hollow Mountain’’, ‘‘Devil’s 

5 Backbone’’, ‘‘Laurel Mountain’’, ‘‘Walnut 

6 Mountain’’, ‘‘Wolf Creek’’, ‘‘Meadow Creek 

7 Mountain’’, ‘‘Brush Creek Mountain’’, ‘‘Paint 

8 Creek’’, ‘‘Bald Mountain’’, and ‘‘Sampson 

9 Mountain Extension’’, located near the towns of 

10 Newport, Hot Springs, Greeneville, and Erwin. 

11 (B) BIG FROG/COHUTTA CLUSTER.—Cer12 tain land in the Cherokee National Forest, in 

13 Polk County, Ocoee Ranger District, Hiwassee 

14 Ranger District, and Tennessee Ranger Dis15 trict, totaling approximately 28,800 acres, 

16 known as the ‘‘Big Frog/Cohutta Cluster’’, 

17 comprised of 4 parcels known as ‘‘Big Frog Ex18 tensions’’, ‘‘Little Frog Extensions’’, ‘‘Smith 

19 Mountain’’, and ‘‘Rock Creek’’, located near the 

20 towns of Copperhill, Ducktown, Turtletown, and 

21 Benton. 

22 (C) CITICO CREEK WATERSHED CLUSTER

23 TENNESSEE AREAS.—Certain land in the 

24 Tellico Ranger District of the Cherokee Na25 tional Forest, in Monroe County, totaling ap-
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1 proximately 14,256 acres, known as the ‘‘Citico 

2 Creek Watershed Cluster, Tennessee Areas’’, 

3 comprised of 4 parcels known as ‘‘Flats Moun4 tain’’, ‘‘Miller Ridge’’, ‘‘Cowcamp Ridge’’, and 

5 ‘‘Joyce Kilmer-Slickrock Extension’’, near the 

6 town of Tellico Plains. 

7 (D) IRON MOUNTAINS CLUSTER.—Certain 

8 land in the Cherokee National Forest, Watauga 

9 Ranger District, totaling approximately 58,090 

10 acres, known as the ‘‘Iron Mountains Cluster’’, 

11 comprised of 8 parcels known as ‘‘Big Laurel 

12 Branch Addition’’, ‘‘Hickory Flat Branch’’, 

13 ‘‘Flint Mill’’, ‘‘Lower Iron Mountain’’, ‘‘Upper 

14 Iron Mountain’’, ‘‘London Bridge’’, 

15 ‘‘Beaverdam Creek’’, and ‘‘Rodgers Ridge’’, lo16 cated near the towns of Bristol and 

17 Elizabethton, in Sullivan County and Johnson 

18 County. 

19 (E) NORTHERN UNICOI MOUNTAINS CLUS20 TER.—Certain land in the Tellico Ranger Dis21 trict of the Cherokee National Forest, in Mon22 roe County, totaling approximately 30,453 

23 acres, known as the ‘‘Northern Unicoi Moun24 tain Cluster’’, comprised of 4 parcels known as 

25 ‘‘Bald River Gorge Extension’’, ‘‘Upper Bald 
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1 River’’, ‘‘Sycamore Creek’’, and ‘‘Brushy 

2 Ridge’’, near the town of Tellico Plains. 

3 (F) ROAN MOUNTAIN CLUSTER.—Certain 

4 land in the Cherokee National Forest, Unaka 

5 and Watauga Ranger Districts, totaling ap6 proximately 23,725 acres known as the ‘‘Roan 

7 Mountain Cluster’’, comprised of 7 parcels 

8 known as ‘‘Strawberry Mountain’’, ‘‘Highlands 

9 of Roan’’, ‘‘Ripshin Ridge’’, ‘‘Doe River Gorge 

10 Scenic Area’’, ‘‘White Rocks Mountain’’, ‘‘Slide 

11 Hollow’’ and ‘‘Watauga Reserve’’, approxi12 mately 8 to 20 miles south of the town of 

13 Elizabethton, in Unicoi County, Carter County, 

14 and Johnson County. 

15 (G) SOUTHERN UNICOI MOUNTAINS CLUS16 TER.—Certain land in the Hiwassee Ranger 

17 District of the Cherokee National Forest, in 

18 Polk County, Monroe County, and McMinn 

19 County, totaling approximately 11,251 acres, 

20 known as the ‘‘Southern Unicoi Mountains 

21 Cluster’’, comprised of 3 parcels known as ‘‘Gee 

22 Creek Extension’’, ‘‘Coker Creek’’, and ‘‘Buck 

23 Bald’’, near the towns of Etowah, Benton, and 

24 Turtletown. 
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1 (H) UNAKA MOUNTAINS CLUSTER, TEN2 NESSEE AREAS.—Certain land in the Cherokee 

3 National Forest, Unaka Ranger District, total4 ing approximately 15,669 acres, known as the 

5 ‘‘Unaka Mountains Cluster, Tennessee Areas’’, 

6 comprised of 3 parcels known as ‘‘Nolichucky’’, 

7 ‘‘Unaka Mountain Extension’’, and ‘‘Stone 

8 Mountain’’, approximately 8 miles from Erwin, 

9 in Unicoi County and Carter County. 

10 (23) TEXAS: LONGLEAF RIDGE.—Certain land 

11 in the Angelina National Forest, in Jasper County 

12 and Angelina County, totaling approximately 30,000 

13 acres, generally known as ‘‘Longleaf Ridge’’, and 

14 bounded—

15 (A) on the west, by Upland Island Wilder16 ness Area; 

17 (B) on the south, by the Neches River; and 

18 (C) on the northeast, by Sam Rayburn 

19 Reservoir. 

20 (24) VERMONT.—

21 (A) GLASTENBURY AREA.—Certain land in 

22 the Green Mountain National Forest, totaling 

23 approximately 35,000 acres, located 3 miles 

24 northeast of Bennington, generally known as 

25 the ‘‘Glastenbury Area’’, and bounded—
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1 (i) on the north, by Kelly Stand Road; 

2 (ii) on the east, by Forest Road 71; 

3 (iii) on the south, by Route 9; and 

4 (iv) on the west, by Route 7. 

5 (B) LAMB BROOK.—Certain land in the 

6 Green Mountain National Forest, totaling ap7 proximately 5,500 acres, located 3 miles south8 west of Wilmington, generally known as ‘‘Lamb 

9 Brook’’, and bounded—

10 (i) on the west, by Route 8; 

11 (ii) on the south, by Route 100; 

12 (iii) on the north, by Route 9; and 

13 (iv) on the east, by land owned by 

14 New England Power Company. 

15 (C) ROBERT FROST MOUNTAIN AREA.—

16 Certain land in the Green Mountain National 

17 Forest, totaling approximately 8,500 acres, 

18 known as ‘‘Robert Frost Mountain Area’’, lo19 cated northeast of Middlebury, consisting of the 

20 Forest Service land bounded—

21 (i) on the west, by Route 116; 

22 (ii) on the north, by Bristol Notch 

23 Road; 

24 (iii) on the east, by Lincoln/Ripton 

25 Road; and 
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1 (iv) on the south, by Route 125. 

2 (25) VIRGINIA.—

3 (A) BEAR CREEK.—Certain land in the 

4 Jefferson National Forest, Wythe Ranger Dis5 trict, known as ‘‘Bear Creek’’, north of Rural 

6 Retreat, in Smyth County and Wythe County. 

7 (B) CAVE SPRINGS.—Certain land in the 

8 Jefferson National Forest, Clinch Ranger Dis9 trict, totaling approximately 3,000 acres, known 

10 as ‘‘Cave Springs’’, between State Route 621 

11 and the North Fork of the Powell River, in Lee 

12 County. 

13 (C) DISMAL CREEK.—Certain land totaling 

14 approximately 6,000 acres, in the Jefferson Na15 tional Forest, Blacksburg Ranger District, 

16 known as ‘‘Dismal Creek’’, north of State 

17 Route 42, in Giles County and Bland County. 

18 (D) STONE COAL CREEK.—Certain land in 

19 the Jefferson National Forest, New Castle 

20 Ranger District, totaling approximately 2,000 

21 acres, known as ‘‘Stone Coal Creek’’, in Craig 

22 County and Botentourt County. 

23 (E) WHITE OAK RIDGE: TERRAPIN MOUN24 TAIN.—Certain land in the Glenwood Ranger 

25 District of the Jefferson National Forest, 
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1 known as ‘‘White Oak Ridge—Terrapin Moun2 tain’’, totaling approximately 8,000 acres, east 

3 of the Blue Ridge Parkway, in Botentourt 

4 County and Rockbridge County. 

5 (F) WHITETOP MOUNTAIN.—Certain land 

6 in the Jefferson National Forest, Mt. Rodgers 

7 Recreation Area, totaling 3,500 acres, known as 

8 ‘‘Whitetop Mountain’’, in Washington County, 

9 Smyth County, and Grayson County. 

10 (G) WILSON MOUNTAIN.—Certain land 

11 known as ‘‘Wilson Mountain’’, in the Jefferson 

12 National Forest, Glenwood Ranger District, to13 taling approximately 5,100 acres, east of Inter14 state 81, in Botentourt County and Rockbridge 

15 County. 

16 (H) FEATHERCAMP.—Certain land in the 

17 Mt. Rodgers Recreation Area of the Jefferson 

18 National Forest, totaling 4,974 acres, known as 

19 ‘‘Feathercamp’’, located northeast of the town 

20 of Damascus and north of State Route 58 on 

21 the Feathercamp ridge, in Washington County. 

22 (26) WISCONSIN.—

23 (A) FLYNN LAKE.—Certain land in the 

24 Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest, 

25 Washburn Ranger District, totaling approxi-
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1 mately 5,700 acres, known as ‘‘Flynn Lake’’, in 

2 the Flynn Lake semi-primitive nonmotorized 

3 area, in Bayfield County. 

4 (B) GHOST LAKE CLUSTER.—Certain land 

5 in the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest, 

6 Great Divide Ranger District, totaling approxi7 mately 6,000 acres, known as ‘‘Ghost Lake 

8 Cluster’’, including 5 parcels known as ‘‘Ghost 

9 Lake’’, ‘‘Perch Lake’’, ‘‘Lower Teal River’’, 

10 ‘‘Foo Lake’’, and ‘‘Bulldog Springs’’, in Sawyer 

11 County. 

12 (C) LAKE OWENS CLUSTER.—Certain land 

13 in the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest, 

14 Great Divide and Washburn Ranger Districts, 

15 totaling approximately 3,600 acres, known as 

16 ‘‘Lake Owens Cluster’’, comprised of parcels 

17 known as ‘‘Lake Owens’’, ‘‘Eighteenmile 

18 Creek’’, ‘‘Northeast Lake’’, and ‘‘Sugarbush 

19 Lake’’, in Bayfield County. 

20 (D) MEDFORD CLUSTER.—Certain land in 

21 the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest, 

22 Medford-Park Falls Ranger District, totaling 

23 approximately 23,000 acres, known as the 

24 ‘‘Medford Cluster’’, comprised of 12 parcels 

25 known as ‘‘County E Hardwoods’’, ‘‘Silver 
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1 Creek/Mondeaux River Bottoms’’, ‘‘Lost Lake 

2 Esker’’, ‘‘North and South Fork Yellow Riv3 ers’’, ‘‘Bear Creek’’, ‘‘Brush Creek’’, 

4 ‘‘Chequamegon Waters’’, ‘‘John’s and Joseph 

5 Creeks’’, ‘‘Hay Creek Pine-Flatwoods’’, ‘‘558 

6 Hardwoods’’, ‘‘Richter Lake’’, and ‘‘Lower Yel7 low River’’, in Taylor County. 

8 (E) PARK FALLS CLUSTER.—Certain land 

9 in the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest, 

10 Medford-Park Falls Ranger District, totaling 

11 approximately 23,000 acres, known as ‘‘Park 

12 Falls Cluster’’, comprised of 11 parcels known 

13 as ‘‘Sixteen Lakes’’, ‘‘Chippewa Trail’’, ‘‘Tuck14 er and Amik Lakes’’, ‘‘Lower Rice Creek’’, 

15 ‘‘Doering Tract’’, ‘‘Foulds Creek’’, ‘‘Bootjack 

16 Conifers’’, ‘‘Pond’’, ‘‘Mud and Riley Lake 

17 Peatlands’’, ‘‘Little Willow Drumlin’’, and ‘‘Elk 

18 River’’, in Price County and Vilas County. 

19 (F) PENOKEE MOUNTAIN CLUSTER.—Cer20 tain land in the Chequamegon-Nicolet National 

21 Forest, Great Divide Ranger District, totaling 

22 approximately 23,000 acres, known as 

23 ‘‘Penokee Mountain Cluster’’, comprised of—
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1 (i) the Marengo River and 

2 Brunsweiler River semi-primitive non3 motorized areas; and 

4 (ii) parcels known as ‘‘St. Peters 

5 Dome’’, ‘‘Brunsweiler River Gorge’’, ‘‘Lake 

6 Three’’, ‘‘Hell Hole Creek’’, and ‘‘North 

7 Country Trail Hardwoods’’, in Ashland 

8 County and Bayfield County. 

9 (G) SOUTHEAST GREAT DIVIDE CLUS10 TER.—Certain land in the Chequamegon11 Nicolet National Forest, Medford Park Falls 

12 Ranger District, totaling approximately 25,000 

13 acres, known as the ‘‘Southeast Great Divide 

14 Cluster’’, comprised of parcels known as 

15 ‘‘Snoose Lake’’, ‘‘Cub Lake’’, ‘‘Springbrook 

16 Hardwoods’’, ‘‘Upper Moose River’’, ‘‘East 

17 Fork Chippewa River’’, ‘‘Upper Torch River’’, 

18 ‘‘Venison Creek’’, ‘‘Upper Brunet River’’, 

19 ‘‘Bear Lake Slough’’, and ‘‘Noname Lake’’, in 

20 Ashland County and Sawyer County. 

21 (H) DIAMOND ROOF CLUSTER.—Certain 

22 land in the Chequamegon-Nicolet National For23 est, Lakewood-Laona Ranger District, totaling 

24 approximately 6,000 acres, known as ‘‘Diamond 

25 Roof Cluster’’, comprised of 4 parcels known as 
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1 ‘‘McCaslin Creek’’, ‘‘Ada Lake’’, ‘‘Section 10 

2 Lake’’, and ‘‘Diamond Roof’’, in Forest County, 

3 Langlade County, and Oconto County. 

4 (I) ARGONNE FOREST CLUSTER.—Certain 

5 land in the Chequamegon-Nicolet National For6 est, Eagle River-Florence Ranger District, to7 taling approximately 12,000 acres, known as 

8 ‘‘Argonne Forest Cluster’’, comprised of parcels 

9 known as ‘‘Argonne Experimental Forest’’, 

10 ‘‘Scott Creek’’, ‘‘Atkins Lake’’, and ‘‘Island 

11 Swamp’’, in Forest County. 

12 (J) BONITA GRADE.—Certain land in the 

13 Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest, Lake14 wood-Laona Ranger District, totaling approxi15 mately 1,200 acres, known as ‘‘Bonita Grade’’, 

16 comprised of parcels known as ‘‘Mountain 

17 Lakes’’, ‘‘Temple Lake’’, ‘‘Second South 

18 Branch’’, ‘‘First South Branch’’, and ‘‘South 

19 Branch Oconto River’’, in Langlade County. 

20 (K) FRANKLIN AND BUTTERNUT LAKES

21 CLUSTER.—Certain land in the Chequamegon22 Nicolet National Forest, Eagle River-Florence 

23 Ranger District, totaling approximately 12,000 

24 acres, known as ‘‘Franklin and Butternut 

25 Lakes Cluster’’, comprised of 8 parcels known 
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1 as ‘‘Bose Lake Hemlocks’’, ‘‘Luna White 

2 Deer’’, ‘‘Echo Lake’’, ‘‘Franklin and Butternut 

3 Lakes’’, ‘‘Wolf Lake’’, ‘‘Upper Ninemile’’, 

4 ‘‘Meadow’’, and ‘‘Bailey Creeks’’, in Forest 

5 County and Oneida County. 

6 (L) LAUTERMAN LAKE AND KIEPER

7 CREEK.—Certain land in the Chequamegon8 Nicolet National Forest, Eagle River-Florence 

9 Ranger District, totaling approximately 2,500 

10 acres, known as ‘‘Lauterman Lake and Kieper 

11 Creek’’, in Florence County. 

12 (27) WYOMING: SAND CREEK AREA.—

13 (A) IN GENERAL.—Certain land in the 

14 Black Hills National Forest, totaling approxi15 mately 8,300 acres known as the ‘‘Sand Creek 

16 area’’, located in Crook County, in the far 

17 northwest corner of the Black Hills. 

18 (B) BOUNDARY.—Beginning in the north19 west corner and proceeding counterclockwise, 

20 the boundary for the Sand Creek Area roughly 

21 follows—

22 (i) forest Roads 863, 866, 866.1B; 

23 (ii) a line linking forest roads 866.1B 

24 and 802.1B; 

25 (iii) forest road 802.1B; 
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1 (iv) forest road 802.1; 

2 (v) an unnamed road; 

3 (vi) Spotted Tail Creek (excluding all 

4 private land); 

5 (vii) forest road 829.1; 

6 (viii) a line connecting forest roads 

7 829.1 and 864; 

8 (ix) forest road 852.1; and 

9 (x) a line connecting forest roads 

10 852.1 and 863. 

11 (d) COMMITTEE OF SCIENTISTS.—

12 (1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretaries con13 cerned shall appoint a committee consisting of sci14 entists who—

15 (A) are not officers or employees of the 

16 Federal Government; 

17 (B) are not officers or employees of any 

18 entity engaged in whole or in part in the pro19 duction of wood or wood products; and 

20 (C) have not contracted with or rep21 resented any entity described in subparagraph 

22 (A) or (B) in a period beginning 5 years before 

23 the date on which the scientist is appointed to 

24 the committee. 
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1 (2) RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ADDITIONAL SPE2 CIAL AREAS.—Not later than 2 years of the date of 

3 the enactment of this Act, the committee shall pro4 vide Congress with recommendations for additional 

5 special areas. 

6 (3) CANDIDATE AREAS.—Candidate areas for 

7 recommendation as additional special areas shall 

8 have outstanding biological values that are exem9 plary on a local, regional, and national level, includ10 ing the presence of—

11 (A) threatened or endangered species of 

12 plants or animals; 

13 (B) rare or endangered ecosystems; 

14 (C) key habitats necessary for the recovery 

15 of endangered or threatened species; 

16 (D) recovery or restoration areas of rare or 

17 underrepresented forest ecosystems; 

18 (E) migration corridors; 

19 (F) areas of outstanding biodiversity; 

20 (G) old growth forests; 

21 (H) commercial fisheries; and 

22 (I) sources of clean water such as key wa23 tersheds. 

24 (4) GOVERNING PRINCIPLE.—The committee 

25 shall adhere to the principles of conservation biology 
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1 in identifying special areas based on biological val2 ues. 

3 SEC. 204. RESTRICTIONS ON MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES IN 

4 ANCIENT FORESTS, ROADLESS AREAS, WA5 TERSHED PROTECTION AREAS, AND SPECIAL 

6 AREAS. 

7 (a) RESTRICTION OF MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES IN

8 ANCIENT FORESTS.—On Federal land located in Ancient 

9 forests—

10 (1) no roads shall be constructed or recon11 structed; 

12 (2) no extractive logging shall be permitted; and 

13 (3) no improvements for the purpose of extrac14 tive logging shall be permitted. 

15 (b) RESTRICTION OF MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES IN

16 ROADLESS AREAS.—On Federal land located in roadless 

17 areas (except military installations)—

18 (1) no roads shall be constructed or recon19 structed; 

20 (2) no extractive logging shall be permitted ex21 cept of non-native invasive tree species, in which 

22 case the limitations on logging in title I shall apply; 

23 and 

24 (3) no improvements for the purpose of extrac25 tive logging shall be permitted. 
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1 (c) RESTRICTION OF MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES IN

2 WATERSHED PROTECTION AREAS.—On Federal land lo3 cated in watershed protection areas—

4 (1) no roads shall be constructed or recon5 structed; 

6 (2) no extractive logging shall be permitted ex7 cept of non-native invasive tree species, in which 

8 case the limitations on logging in title I shall apply; 

9 and 

10 (3) no improvements for the purpose of extrac11 tive logging shall be permitted. 

12 (d) RESTRICTION OF MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES IN

13 SPECIAL AREAS.—On Federal land located in special 

14 areas—

15 (1) no roads shall be constructed or recon16 structed; 

17 (2) no extractive logging shall be permitted ex18 cept of non-native invasive tree species, in which 

19 case the limitations on logging in title I shall apply; 

20 and 

21 (3) no improvements for the purpose of extrac22 tive logging shall be permitted. 

23 (e) MAINTENANCE OF EXISTING ROADS.—

24 (1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in para25 graph (2), the restrictions described in subsection 
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1 (a) shall not prohibit the maintenance of an im2 proved road, or any road accessing private 

3 inholdings. 

4 (2) ABANDONED ROADS.—Any road that the 

5 Secretary determines to have been abandoned before 

6 the date of enactment of this Act shall not be main7 tained or reconstructed. 

8 (f) ENFORCEMENT.—

9 (1) FINDING.—Congress finds that all people of 

10 the United States are injured by actions on land to 

11 which this section applies. 

12 (2) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this subsection 

13 is to foster the widest possible enforcement of this 

14 section. 

15 (3) FEDERAL ENFORCEMENT.—The Secretary 

16 and the Attorney General of the United States shall 

17 enforce this section against any person that violates 

18 this section. 

19 (4) CITIZEN SUITS.—

20 (A) IN GENERAL.—A citizen harmed by a 

21 violation of this section may enforce this section 

22 by bringing a civil action for a declaratory judg23 ment, a temporary restraining order, an injunc24 tion, statutory damages, or other remedy 

25 against any alleged violator, including the 
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1 United States, in any district court of the 

2 United States. 

3 (B) JUDICIAL RELIEF.—If a district court 

4 of the United States determines that a violation 

5 of this section has occurred, the district court—

6 (i) shall impose a damage award of 

7 not less than $5,000; 

8 (ii) may issue 1 or more injunctions 

9 or other forms of equitable relief; and 

10 (iii) shall award to each prevailing 

11 party the reasonable costs of bringing the 

12 action, including attorney’s fees, witness 

13 fees, and other necessary expenses. 

14 (C) STANDARD OF PROOF.—The standard 

15 of proof in all actions under this paragraph 

16 shall be the preponderance of the evidence. 

17 (D) TRIAL.—A trial for any action under 

18 this section shall be de novo. 

19 (E) PAYMENT OF DAMAGES.—

20 (i) NON-FEDERAL VIOLATOR.—A 

21 damage award under subparagraph (B)(i) 

22 shall be paid by a non-Federal violator or 

23 violators designated by the court to the 

24 Treasury. 

25 (ii) FEDERAL VIOLATOR.—
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1 (I) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 

2 40 days after the date on which judg3 ment is rendered, a damage award 

4 under subparagraph (B)(i) for which 

5 the United States is determined to be 

6 liable shall be paid from the Treasury, 

7 as provided under section 1304 of title 

8 31, United States Code, to the person 

9 or persons designated to receive the 

10 damage award. 

11 (II) USE OF DAMAGE AWARD.—A 

12 damage award described under sub13 clause (I) shall be used by the recipi14 ent to protect or restore native bio15 diversity on Federal land or on land 

16 adjoining Federal land. 

17 (III) COURT COSTS.—Any award 

18 of costs of litigation and any award of 

19 attorney fees shall be paid by a Fed20 eral violator not later than 40 days 

21 after the date on which judgment is 

22 rendered. 

23 (5) WAIVER OF SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY.—

24 (A) IN GENERAL.—The United States (in25 cluding agents and employees of the United 
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1 States) waives its sovereign immunity in all re2 spects in all actions under this section. 

3 (B) NOTICE.—No notice is required to en4 force this subsection. 

5 TITLE III—EFFECTIVE DATE 

6 SEC. 301. EFFECTIVE DATE. 

7 This Act and the amendments made by this Act take 

8 effect on the date of enactment of this Act. 

9 SEC. 302. EFFECT ON EXISTING CONTRACTS. 

10 This Act and the amendments made by this Act shall 

11 not apply to any contract for the sale of timber that was 

12 entered into on or before the date of enactment of this 

13 Act. 

14 SEC. 303. WILDERNESS ACT EXCLUSION. 

15 This Act and the amendments made by this Act shall 

16 not apply to any Federal wilderness area designated under 

17 the Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1131 et seq.).

Æ