HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES ANNUAL AVERAGES

45. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage by occupation and

industry

(Numbers in thousands)

Occupation and industry

2006

Workers paid hourly rates Total at or below prevailing Federal

minimum wage

Total

Below

prevailing

Federal

minimum

wage

At 

prevailing

Federal

minimum

wage

Number

Percent of

hourly-paid

workers

OCCUPATION

Management, professional, and related occupations ................................... 14,271 46 29 75 0.5 

 Management, business, and financial operations occupations ................ 3,910 16 5 21 .5

 Management occupations .................................................................... 2,260 11 3 14 .6

 Business and financial operations occupations .................................... 1,650 5 2 7 .4

 Professional and related occupations ....................................................... 10,362 30 24 53 .5

 Computer and mathematical occupations ............................................ 754 3 3 6 .8

 Architecture and engineering occupations ........................................... 962 – – – –

 Life, physical, and social science occupations ..................................... 395 3 1 4 1.0

 Community and social services occupations ........................................ 731 2 1 3 .4

 Legal occupations ................................................................................. 310 1 – 1 .3

 Education, training, and library occupations ......................................... 2,189 7 16 23 1.0

 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations ................ 820 8 2 9 1.2

 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ............................... 4,200 5 2 7 .2

Service occupations ..................................................................................... 16,992 1,043 197 1,240 7.3

 Healthcare support occupations ............................................................... 2,565 20 14 34 1.3

 Protective service occupations ................................................................. 1,816 24 2 25 1.4

 Food preparation and serving related occupations .................................. 6,524 883 120 1,003 15.4

 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations ................. 3,685 52 34 86 2.3

 Personal care and service occupations .................................................... 2,402 64 28 92 3.8

Sales and office occupations ........................................................................ 21,092 94 131 224 1.1

 Sales and related occupations ................................................................. 7,770 51 72 123 1.6

 Office and administrative support occupations ......................................... 13,322 43 59 101 .8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations .................. 10,321 28 11 38 .4

 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................................... 597 10 7 17 2.8

 Construction and extraction occupations .................................................. 6,116 13 – 13 .2

 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ................................... 3,607 5 4 9 .2

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations ...................... 13,838 73 43 116 .8

 Production occupations ............................................................................ 7,581 30 12 42 .6

 Transportation and material moving occupations ..................................... 6,257 43 31 74 1.2

See footnotes at end of table.

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HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

ANNUAL AVERAGES ANNUAL AVERAGES

45. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage by occupation and

industry—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Occupation and industry

2006

Workers paid hourly rates Total at or below prevailing Federal

minimum wage

Total

Below

prevailing

Federal

minimum

wage

At 

prevailing

Federal

minimum

wage

Number

Percent of

hourly-paid

workers

INDUSTRY

Private sector ................................................................................................ 67,106 1,213 376 1,589 2.4

 Agriculture and related industries ............................................................... 655 10 9 19 2.8

 Nonagriculture and related industries ......................................................... 66,451 1,203 367 1,570 2.4

 Mining ...................................................................................................... 414 – – – –

 Construction ............................................................................................ 6,144 10 3 12 .2

 Manufacturing .......................................................................................... 10,224 30 9 39 .4

 Durable goods ..................................................................................... 6,527 14 5 19 .3

 Nondurable goods ............................................................................... 3,698 16 4 20 .5

 Wholesale and retail trade ....................................................................... 12,921 64 76 140 1.1

 Wholesale trade ................................................................................... 1,988 8 3 11 .5

 Retail trade .......................................................................................... 10,933 57 72 129 1.2

 Transportation and utilities ...................................................................... 3,112 11 3 15 .5

 Transportation and warehousing ......................................................... 2,606 9 3 12 .5

 Utilities ................................................................................................. 505 2 – 2 .5

 Information ............................................................................................... 1,476 3 12 15 1.0

 Publishing, except Internet ............................................................... 342 1 1 3 .7

 Motion pictures and sound recording ............................................... 162 – 10 10 6.2

 Broadcasting, except Internet ........................................................... 256 1 – 1 .3

 Telecommunications ......................................................................... 594 – – – .1

 Financial activities ................................................................................... 3,449 5 13 17 .5

 Finance and insurance ........................................................................ 2,399 3 6 10 .4

 Finance ........................................................................................... 1,595 1 4 5 .3

 Insurance ........................................................................................ 804 2 3 5 .6

 Real estate and rental and leasing ...................................................... 1,050 2 6 8 .7

 Professional and business services ........................................................ 5,648 36 16 52 .9

 Professional and technical services .................................................... 2,331 8 4 12 .5

 Management, administrative, and waste services ............................... 3,317 28 11 39 1.2

 Education and health services ................................................................. 11,559 66 56 122 1.1

 Educational services ............................................................................ 1,309 10 13 23 1.8

 Health care and social assistance ....................................................... 10,251 56 42 99 1.0

 Leisure and hospitality ............................................................................. 8,407 915 152 1,067 12.7

 Arts, entertainment, and recreation ..................................................... 1,220 36 9 45 3.7

 Accommodation and food services ...................................................... 7,188 879 143 1,023 14.2

 Accommodation ............................................................................... 1,057 29 8 37 3.5

 Food services and drinking places .................................................. 6,131 851 135 986 16.1

 Other services 1 ....................................................................................... 3,097 63 28 91 2.9

 Other services, except private households .......................................... 2,557 45 20 65 2.5

 Other services, private households ..................................................... 540 18 8 26 4.8

Public sector ................................................................................................. 9,407 70 34 104 1.1

 Federal goverment ................................................................................... 1,727 7 3 10 .6

 State government ..................................................................................... 2,598 20 15 36 1.4

 Local government ..................................................................................... 5,082 43 16 58 1.1

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

 NOTE: The prevailing Federal minimum wage was $5.15 per hour in 2006.

Data are for wage and salary workers, excluding the incorporated

self-employed. They refer to a person’s earnings on their sole or principal job,

and pertain only to workers who are paid hourly rates. Salaried workers and

other nonhourly workers are not included. The presence of workers with

hourly earnings below the minimum wage does not necessarily indicate

violations of the Fair Labor Standards Act, as there are exceptions to the

minimum wage provisions of the law. In addition, some survey respondents

might have rounded hourly earnings to the nearest dollar, and, as a result,

reported hourly earnings below the minimum wage even though they earned

the minimum wage or higher. Beginning in January 2006, data reflect revised

population controls used in the household survey. Dash indicates no data or

data that does not meet publication criteria.

275