Table 1904. Occupation of reference person: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income, Consumer Expenditure Surveys, 2020 

 (Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated) 

Wage and salary earners 

Item Aggregate 

Selfemployed 

workers 

Total 

wage and 

salary 

earners 

Managers 

and

professionals 

Technical, 

sales and 

clerical 

workers 

Service 

workers 

Construction 

workers and 

mechanics 

Operators, 

fabricators 

and

laborers 

Retired 

All other, 

including 

not

reporting 

Number of consumer units (in thousands)1......................... 131,234 8,723 80,648 35,091 19,357 16,381 3,533 6,286 27,957 13,906 

Percent distribution of consumer units ................................ 100.0 6.6 61.5 26.7 14.7 12.5 2.7 4.8 21.3 10.6 

Consumer unit characteristics (mean values): 

 Income before taxes......................................................... $84,352 $132,856 $99,938 $131,207 $82,635 $71,446 $74,593 $67,156 $42,397 $47,878 

 Income after taxes ............................................................ 74,949 110,637 88,309 111,987 74,873 66,846 70,015 63,712 42,044 41,237 

 Age of reference person .................................................. 52.2 51.0 45.3 45.8 44.2 45.6 42.2 46.4 73.9 49.4 

 Average number in consumer unit: 

 People ........................................................................... 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.8 2.7 1.7 2.7 

 Children under 18 ......................................................... .6 .7 .7 .7 .7 .7 .8 .7 .1 .8 

 Adults 65 and older ....................................................... .4 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 1.3 .2 

 Earners .......................................................................... 1.3 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.8 .2 .7 

 Vehicles......................................................................... 1.9 2.2 2.0 2.1 1.9 1.7 2.1 2.2 1.7 1.5 

Percent distribution: 

 Reference person: 

 Men ............................................................................... 47 57 50 48 44 46 91 73 42 31 

 Women .......................................................................... 53 43 50 52 56 54 9 27 58 69 

 Housing tenure: 

 Homeowner ................................................................... 66 72 63 71 58 50 63 62 80 51 

 With mortgage ........................................................... 39 44 45 55 41 34 42 38 23 28 

 Without mortgage ...................................................... 27 28 17 17 17 16 22 23 57 23 

 Renter ........................................................................... 34 28 37 29 42 50 37 38 20 49 

 Race of reference person: 

 Black or African-American ............................................ 13 10 14 11 15 20 9 16 11 14 

 White, Asian, and all other races .................................. 87 90 86 89 85 80 91 84 89 86 

 Hispanic or Latino origin of reference person: 

 Hispanic or Latino ......................................................... 14 12 16 9 16 23 32 26 7 21 

 Not Hispanic or Latino .................................................. 86 88 84 91 84 77 68 74 93 79 

 Education of reference person: 

 Elementary (1-8) ........................................................... 2 3 2 ( 2 ) 1 3 5 6 2 7 

 High school (9-12)......................................................... 28 24 23 9 26 36 48 51 36 43 

 College .......................................................................... 69 73 75 91 73 61 47 42 61 50 

 Never attended and other ............................................. ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 1 ( 3 ) 1 ( 2 ) 1 

 At least one vehicle owned or leased .............................. 90 92 93 95 93 88 91 95 88 76 

Annual aggregate expenditures .......................................... $8,051,248 9.2 66.8 35.3 14.2 10.8 2.5 4.0 16.0 7.9 

 Food ................................................................................. 961,333 8.1 66.0 34.0 14.2 11.8 2.5 3.5 17.2 8.7 

 Food at home ................................................................ 649,324 8.1 63.5 32.5 13.2 11.8 2.3 3.7 19.0 9.4 

 Cereals and bakery products..................................... 84,058 8.0 63.1 32.3 12.7 12.2 2.3 3.6 19.5 9.4 

 Cereals and cereal products .................................. 27,832 7.7 64.7 33.4 12.5 12.6 2.3 4.0 17.4 10.1 

 Bakery products...................................................... 56,226 8.1 62.3 31.8 12.9 12.0 2.3 3.3 20.5 9.1 

 Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ................................... 141,308 8.9 62.5 31.1 12.8 12.7 2.3 3.6 18.6 10.1 

 Beef ........................................................................ 38,889 9.4 63.0 30.5 12.2 12.9 3.1 4.3 18.0 9.6 

 Pork ........................................................................ 28,174 10.9 57.8 28.3 12.7 11.6 2.0 3.1 20.0 11.4 

 Other meats ............................................................ 18,648 8.3 63.5 32.0 14.0 11.6 2.4 3.5 18.6 9.6 

 Poultry..................................................................... 24,864 7.9 63.9 31.6 12.4 13.8 2.1 4.0 16.6 11.7 

 Fish and seafood .................................................... 22,344 7.2 65.4 34.5 13.3 13.5 1.5 2.6 19.6 7.8 

 Eggs ........................................................................ 8,388 8.4 61.7 31.1 12.3 12.1 2.0 4.2 19.1 10.8 

 Dairy products ............................................................ 62,244 7.9 62.6 32.7 13.1 10.7 2.6 3.4 20.1 9.5 

 Fresh milk and cream ............................................. 19,286 7.3 62.4 31.6 13.1 11.4 2.6 3.9 19.0 11.3 

 Other dairy products ............................................... 42,958 8.2 62.6 33.3 13.1 10.4 2.6 3.3 20.6 8.7 

 Fruits and vegetables ................................................ 128,370 7.9 63.0 32.5 13.3 11.7 2.0 3.5 19.7 9.4 

 Fresh fruits .............................................................. 45,806 7.7 64.1 33.7 13.6 11.2 1.9 3.7 18.8 9.5 

 Fresh vegetables .................................................... 40,856 8.8 62.9 33.1 13.3 11.0 2.0 3.5 20.0 8.3 

 Processed fruits ...................................................... 16,461 8.0 61.4 29.1 13.3 13.0 2.3 3.7 20.6 10.1 

 Processed vegetables ............................................ 25,247 7.0 62.3 31.8 12.7 12.6 2.2 2.9 20.4 10.3 

 Other food at home .................................................... 233,344 7.7 64.8 33.4 13.7 11.5 2.3 3.9 18.4 9.1 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 1904. Occupation of reference person: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income, Consumer Expenditure Surveys, 2020 —

Continued 

 (Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated) 

Wage and salary earners 

Item Aggregate 

Selfemployed 

workers 

Total 

wage and 

salary 

earners 

Managers 

and

professionals 

Technical, 

sales and 

clerical 

workers 

Service 

workers 

Construction 

workers and 

mechanics 

Operators, 

fabricators 

and

laborers 

Retired 

All other, 

including 

not

reporting 

 Sugar and other sweets ......................................... 21,794 7.0 63.8 33.4 13.5 11.5 2.5 2.9 20.1 9.1 

 Fats and oils ........................................................... 17,419 7.3 62.4 30.7 13.0 12.2 2.3 4.1 20.4 9.9 

 Miscellaneous foods ............................................... 127,852 7.8 66.2 34.7 13.9 11.5 2.1 3.9 17.1 8.9 

 Nonalcoholic beverages ......................................... 59,771 7.8 63.2 30.7 13.8 11.8 2.6 4.3 19.5 9.5 

 Food prepared by consumer unit on 

 out-of-town trips................................................... 6,509 10.9 62.6 38.9 9.2 9.4 42.4 2.7 21.6 4.9 

 Food away from home .................................................. 312,009 8.2 71.2 37.0 16.3 11.8 2.8 3.3 13.4 7.2 

 Alcoholic beverages ......................................................... 62,801 9.0 70.4 42.3 14.9 8.3 2.2 2.7 16.9 3.8 

 Housing ............................................................................ 2,809,933 9.0 65.8 33.6 14.3 11.4 2.4 4.1 16.9 8.3 

 Shelter ........................................................................... 1,654,047 8.5 66.8 34.2 14.5 11.8 2.4 3.9 16.3 8.4 

 Owned dwellings........................................................ 980,723 9.4 65.8 37.5 13.5 9.1 2.1 3.7 18.2 6.5 

 Mortgage interest and charges .............................. 388,670 9.1 74.4 43.1 15.1 10.2 2.4 3.5 9.7 6.9 

 Property taxes ........................................................ 308,849 10.0 61.1 35.5 11.9 8.5 2.1 3.1 21.9 7.0 

 Maintenance, repairs, insurance, other 

 expenses ............................................................. 283,203 9.3 59.3 31.8 13.0 8.4 1.6 4.5 25.8 5.5 

 Rented dwellings ....................................................... 578,518 6.5 68.8 28.1 16.7 16.7 2.8 4.4 12.9 11.8 

 Other lodging ............................................................. 94,807 10.7 64.4 38.2 11.0 10.4 2.1 2.8 17.9 7.0 

 Utilities, fuels, and public services ................................ 545,665 7.4 63.6 29.8 14.5 11.8 2.6 4.8 19.1 9.9 

 Natural gas ................................................................ 54,387 7.3 62.6 30.8 13.3 10.9 2.5 5.1 21.2 8.9 

 Electricity.................................................................... 198,942 7.4 61.9 28.2 14.4 12.1 2.7 4.6 20.0 10.7 

 Fuel oil and other fuels .............................................. 13,799 8.4 55.3 25.3 12.6 9.8 3.1 4.4 26.5 9.8 

 Telephone services.................................................... 189,045 7.1 67.1 31.4 15.3 12.7 2.6 5.1 16.3 9.5 

 Residential phone service, VOIP, and phone 

 cards .................................................................... 24,611 6.2 47.4 22.8 10.2 8.6 2.3 3.5 36.3 10.1 

 Cellular phone service ............................................ 164,434 7.3 70.0 32.6 16.0 13.3 2.7 5.4 13.3 9.4 

 Water and other public services ................................ 89,492 7.7 61.8 30.3 14.1 10.4 2.5 4.6 20.9 9.5 

 Household operations ................................................... 192,203 8.5 66.9 38.3 13.4 9.3 2.0 4.0 17.7 7.0 

 Personal services ...................................................... 45,489 8.0 82.8 55.7 14.8 7.4 41.9 3.1 7.4 41.8 

 Other household expenses........................................ 146,714 8.6 62.0 32.8 13.0 9.9 2.0 4.3 20.9 8.6 

 Housekeeping supplies ................................................. 109,917 9.7 63.1 33.3 13.8 9.7 2.9 3.3 19.6 7.6 

 Laundry and cleaning supplies .................................. 22,375 7.8 64.0 30.9 13.6 11.9 3.9 3.8 18.5 9.6 

 Other household products ......................................... 70,453 11.0 62.1 33.2 13.9 9.1 2.8 3.1 19.4 7.5 

 Postage and stationery .............................................. 17,089 6.6 65.6 36.9 13.9 8.9 2.3 3.6 22.2 5.6 

 Household furnishings and equipment ......................... 308,101 14.5 64.5 34.0 14.1 9.9 2.5 4.1 14.6 6.4 

 Household textiles ..................................................... 15,249 11.1 66.2 38.2 11.7 10.7 2.6 3.0 17.4 5.2 

 Furniture..................................................................... 70,101 7.7 73.7 35.7 18.0 12.0 3.1 4.9 10.2 8.4 

 Floor coverings .......................................................... 3,925 11.6 61.0 37.8 9.3 10.2 41.7 1.9 22.2 5.2 

 Major appliances........................................................ 46,458 7.4 66.7 32.3 14.5 10.9 3.0 6.1 17.6 8.3 

 Small appliances, miscellaneous housewares .......... 17,695 7.7 65.6 37.2 12.7 9.3 2.0 4.5 18.9 7.8 

 Miscellaneous household equipment ........................ 154,673 20.8 59.5 32.9 12.7 8.6 2.1 3.2 14.8 4.9 

 Apparel and services........................................................ 188,417 10.4 68.2 35.5 14.2 12.0 3.2 3.3 12.4 8.9 

 Men and boys ............................................................... 42,869 12.6 69.9 33.4 15.7 11.4 5.2 4.2 9.4 8.1 

 Men, 16 and over ....................................................... 31,537 14.1 68.4 32.8 15.7 10.0 5.8 4.1 10.9 6.7 

 Boys, 2 to 15 .............................................................. 11,332 8.6 74.0 35.1 15.6 15.1 3.6 4.6 5.3 12.1 

 Women and girls ........................................................... 71,603 8.7 66.8 37.5 12.8 11.5 1.9 3.0 14.8 9.7 

 Women, 16 and over ................................................. 59,915 9.5 64.0 37.5 12.5 9.6 1.3 3.1 16.8 9.6 

 Girls, 2 to 15 .............................................................. 11,687 4.2 81.0 37.6 14.7 21.2 4.7 2.8 5.0 9.9 

 Children under 2 ........................................................... 8,918 9.6 69.4 34.9 15.0 14.2 41.8 43.4 47.5 13.5 

 Footwear ....................................................................... 41,252 10.4 72.4 36.8 14.8 14.1 3.8 3.0 10.1 7.1 

 Other apparel products and services ............................ 23,775 12.0 61.7 30.9 14.7 10.0 3.0 3.1 16.6 9.6 

 Transportation .................................................................. 1,289,479 7.8 70.4 33.9 15.4 12.5 3.3 5.3 13.5 8.2 

 Vehicle purchases (net outlay) ..................................... 593,602 7.5 71.6 35.3 14.9 12.5 3.2 5.7 12.7 8.2 

 Cars and trucks, new ................................................. 274,152 9.8 66.0 34.1 14.7 10.2 41.2 5.8 15.5 8.7 

 Cars and trucks, used ................................................ 309,659 5.4 76.3 36.0 15.0 14.6 4.8 5.8 10.5 7.8 

 Other vehicles ............................................................ 9,791 49.6 78.3 44.4 414.0 413.1 45.5 41.2 45.6 46.5 

 Gasoline, other fuels, and motor oil .............................. 205,806 7.8 69.9 30.4 16.1 13.6 4.0 5.9 13.1 9.2 

 Other vehicle expenses ................................................ 455,490 8.1 68.9 33.1 15.9 12.2 3.1 4.6 15.0 8.0 

 Vehicle finance charges ............................................ 33,876 6.4 77.2 38.2 18.4 12.2 3.3 5.2 9.9 6.5 

 Maintenance and repairs ........................................... 115,430 9.1 67.4 31.7 15.3 12.0 3.8 4.7 15.7 7.9 

 Vehicle rental, leases, licenses, and other 

 charges ................................................................... 99,519 8.8 68.8 36.4 15.1 11.3 2.8 3.2 15.6 6.8 

 Vehicle insurance ...................................................... 206,665 7.6 68.4 31.6 16.3 12.7 2.9 5.0 15.2 8.8 

 Public and other transportation ..................................... 34,580 9.8 72.3 42.0 14.7 10.7 1.7 3.1 11.2 6.7 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 1904. Occupation of reference person: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income, Consumer Expenditure Surveys, 2020 —

Continued 

 (Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated) 

Wage and salary earners 

Item Aggregate 

Selfemployed 

workers 

Total 

wage and 

salary 

earners 

Managers 

and

professionals 

Technical, 

sales and 

clerical 

workers 

Service 

workers 

Construction 

workers and 

mechanics 

Operators, 

fabricators 

and

laborers 

Retired 

All other, 

including 

not

reporting 

 Healthcare ........................................................................ 679,445 8.0 57.0 30.3 12.4 8.8 1.8 3.7 26.9 8.2 

 Health insurance ........................................................... 481,223 7.8 57.1 29.5 12.7 8.9 1.9 4.0 27.6 7.5 

 Medical services ........................................................... 113,387 9.7 59.4 35.4 12.0 7.2 1.6 3.2 20.7 10.2 

 Drugs ............................................................................. 62,556 7.0 52.3 26.7 10.9 10.8 1.3 2.7 31.5 9.3 

 Medical supplies ........................................................... 22,279 5.7 56.7 32.3 11.5 9.1 1.1 2.7 29.9 7.7 

 Entertainment ................................................................... 382,340 13.0 62.2 34.9 12.8 8.4 2.8 3.3 17.8 6.9 

 Fees and admissions .................................................... 55,723 10.1 69.5 44.7 13.6 6.3 1.8 3.1 12.9 7.4 

 Audio and visual equipment and services .................... 137,719 6.8 62.7 31.9 13.7 10.8 2.2 4.1 22.1 8.5 

 Pets, toys, hobbies, and playground equipment .......... 112,904 15.3 60.7 37.3 9.9 7.7 3.3 2.5 17.8 6.3 

 Pets ............................................................................ 90,601 17.6 58.1 35.0 10.1 7.1 3.5 2.3 17.9 6.3 

 Toys, hobbies, and playground equipment ............... 22,303 5.8 70.9 46.3 9.2 10.1 42.4 42.9 17.2 6.1 

 Other entertainment supplies, equipment, and 

 services ...................................................................... 75,994 23.3 58.5 29.5 14.6 6.8 4.1 3.4 13.5 4.7 

 Personal care products and services ............................... 84,885 8.0 68.2 37.1 15.1 10.7 2.2 3.0 17.5 6.4 

 Reading ............................................................................ 14,953 10.7 51.0 33.1 8.7 5.6 41.1 2.4 29.4 9.0 

 Education ......................................................................... 166,865 12.2 70.2 46.0 13.1 8.2 1.5 1.4 5.7 11.9 

 Tobacco products and smoking supplies ........................ 41,311 5.9 64.3 20.4 16.6 14.9 4.0 8.5 14.8 15.0 

 Miscellaneous .................................................................. 119,029 9.2 64.4 33.3 12.0 10.4 4.2 4.5 19.5 6.9 

 Cash contributions ........................................................... 299,564 8.0 52.4 31.7 10.1 6.0 1.9 2.7 31.8 7.8 

 Personal insurance and pensions .................................... 950,893 12.2 79.0 46.8 15.4 10.4 2.4 4.0 4.0 4.8 

 Life and other personal insurance ................................ 63,746 9.8 61.9 38.3 11.7 7.9 1.2 2.9 22.2 6.1 

 Pensions and Social Security ....................................... 887,147 12.4 80.2 47.4 15.7 10.6 2.5 4.0 2.7 4.7 

Sources of income and personal taxes: 

 Income before taxes......................................................... $11,069,815 10.5 72.8 41.6 14.4 10.6 2.4 3.8 10.7 6.0 

 Wages and salaries ...................................................... 8,589,128 6.9 85.3 49.4 16.7 12.0 2.8 4.4 2.6 5.3 

 Self-employment income .............................................. 762,150 58.3 32.9 17.9 7.7 5.1 1.0 1.3 2.8 6.0 

 Social Security, private and government 

 retirement ................................................................... 1,245,861 6.1 20.9 9.4 4.4 4.8 .7 1.7 65.2 7.9 

 Interest, dividends, rental income, other property 

 income ....................................................................... 257,572 14.2 42.4 24.9 8.8 6.9 .7 1.0 38.9 4.5 

 Public assistance, Supplemental Security Income, 

 Supplementary Nutrition Assistance Program 

 (SNAP) ....................................................................... 60,161 2.9 40.1 8.7 11.5 14.5 2.5 2.9 12.5 44.5 

 Unemployment and workers' compensation, 

 veterans' benefits, and regular contributions for 

 support ....................................................................... 118,405 7.6 57.0 21.9 16.2 12.1 2.0 4.8 16.7 18.7 

 Other income ................................................................ 36,539 6.6 62.8 37.8 8.5 11.2 41.4 3.9 11.4 19.3 

 Personal taxes (contains some imputed values) ............. 1,233,909 15.7 76.0 54.7 12.2 6.1 1.3 1.8 .8 7.5 

 Federal income taxes ................................................... 1,156,407 14.8 72.6 49.8 12.5 6.9 1.4 2.0 4.1 8.6 

 Stimulus payment (new UCC Q20202)# ...................... -250,790 6.3 62.7 26.3 15.8 12.9 2.7 5.0 20.3 10.7 

 State and local income taxes ........................................ 318,861 11.8 78.4 50.4 13.9 8.7 2.1 3.2 3.7 6.1 

 Other taxes ................................................................... 9,432 7.7 64.9 36.0 15.9 7.2 41.5 44.3 19.8 7.6 

 Income after taxes ............................................................ 9,835,905 9.8 72.4 40.0 14.7 11.1 2.5 4.1 12.0 5.8 

1

 Data are rounded to the nearest thousands. 

2

 Value is too small to display. 

3

 No data reported. 

4

 Data are likely to have large sampling errors. 

# Data collection for this item began in June 2020. Stimulus payments delivered to respondents interviewed in April and May of 2020 were not included in estimation. 

Source: Consumer Expenditure Surveys, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, September, 2021