Table 1600. Number of earners in consumer unit: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 

 (Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated) 

Single consumers Consumer units of two or more people 

Item Aggregate No earner One earner No earner One earner Two earners 

Three or 

more 

earners 

Number of consumer units (in thousands) ................................ 131,439 16,156 22,573 13,625 25,674 41,662 11,748 

Percent distribution of consumer units................................ 100.0 12.3 17.2 10.4 19.5 31.7 8.9 

Consumer unit characteristics (mean values): 

 Income before taxes ................................................................ $78,635 $20,385 $50,437 $36,263 $69,671 $119,476 $136,818 

 Income after taxes ................................................................ 67,241 19,353 41,931 35,038 62,241 98,946 117,563 

 Age of reference person ................................................................ 51.1 68.1 43.9 67.4 50.3 44.4 48.6 

 Average number in consumer unit: 

 People ................................................................................................ 25 1.0 1.0 2.3 3.0 3.0 4.4 

 Children under 18 ................................................................ .6 n.a. n.a. .3 1.0 .9 1.0 

 Adults 65 and older ................................................................ .4 .7 .1 1.4 .4 .1 .2 

 Earners ................................................................................................ 13 n.a. 1.0 n.a. 1.0 2.0 3.3 

 Vehicles ................................................................................................ 19 .9 1.1 2.0 1.9 2.3 3.0 

Percent distribution: 

 Reference person: 

 Men ................................................................................................ 47 36 52 50 44 51 44 

 Women................................................................................................ 53 64 48 50 56 49 56 

 Housing tenure: 

 Homeowner ................................................................................................ 63 56 41 80 63 70 76 

 With mortgage ................................................................ 37 14 25 20 36 53 59 

 Without mortgage ................................................................ 26 42 16 60 27 17 17 

 Renter ................................................................................................ 37 44 59 20 37 30 24 

 Race of reference person: 

 Black or African-American ................................................................13 14 16 10 14 11 13 

 White, Asian, and all other races ................................................................ 87 86 84 90 86 89 87 

 Hispanic or Latino origin of reference person: 

 Hispanic or Latino ................................................................ 13 6 10 8 17 15 24 

 Not Hispanic or Latino ................................................................ 87 94 90 92 83 85 76 

 Education of reference person: 

 Elementary (1-8)................................................................ 3 4 1 4 4 2 5 

 High school (9-12) ................................................................ 30 44 25 40 31 23 28 

 College ................................................................................................ 67 51 74 56 64 75 66 

 Never attended and other ................................................................ ( 1 ) 1 ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) 1 

 At least one vehicle owned or leased ................................ 88 68 81 89 92 95 95 

Annual aggregate expenditures ................................................................ $8,043,521 5.6 11.6 8.8 20.1 41.1 12.8 

 Food ................................................................................................ 1,039,471 5.4 10.6 9.4 21.9 40.4 12.3 

 Food at home ................................................................ 585,605 6.4 9.1 10.2 23.6 38.7 11.9 

 Cereals and bakery products ................................................................ 74,683 6.5 8.3 10.3 24.7 37.9 12.3 

 Cereals and cereal products ................................................................ 23,301 5.3 8.3 9.3 24.5 38.4 14.3 

 Bakery products ................................................................51,382 7.1 8.3 10.8 24.8 37.7 11.4 

 Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ................................................................ 126,032 5.6 8.6 10.6 23.3 39.5 12.4 

 Beef ................................................................................................ 33,249 5.0 8.1 10.3 22.6 42.4 11.7 

 Pork ................................................................................................ 23,605 5.7 7.4 11.9 24.1 39.1 11.7 

 Other meats ................................................................ 16,979 6.2 8.2 11.7 23.8 38.4 11.8 

 Poultry ................................................................................................ 23,651 5.2 9.9 8.9 23.4 40.2 12.4 

 Fish and seafood ................................................................20,168 6.4 9.5 11.0 22.4 35.9 14.8 

 Eggs ................................................................................................ 8,380 5.8 9.4 10.0 24.6 38.3 11.9 

 Dairy products ................................................................ 58,917 7.0 9.1 10.2 22.5 39.6 11.5 

 Fresh milk and cream ................................................................ 19,225 7.1 9.4 10.0 23.6 38.5 11.4 

 Other dairy products ................................................................ 39,692 6.9 9.0 10.3 22.0 40.1 11.6 

 Fruits and vegetables ................................................................ 112,519 6.3 8.9 10.1 24.0 38.8 12.0 

 Fresh fruits ................................................................ 41,670 6.6 8.4 10.3 24.1 38.2 12.5 

 Fresh vegetables ................................................................37,063 6.1 9.1 9.8 23.1 40.0 11.9 

 Processed fruits................................................................ 14,951 6.8 10.3 9.9 23.9 37.7 11.4 

 Processed vegetables ................................................................ 18,835 5.8 8.6 10.4 25.6 38.3 11.4 

 Other food at home ................................................................ 213,454 6.7 9.7 10.1 23.5 38.3 11.6 

 Sugar and other sweets ................................................................ 19,743 7.3 8.9 11.2 23.7 37.7 11.2 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 1600. Number of earners in consumer unit: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

 (Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated) 

Single consumers Consumer units of two or more people 

Item Aggregate No earner One earner No earner One earner Two earners 

Three or 

more 

earners 

 Fats and oils ................................................................ 15,452 6.7 8.3 11.7 24.0 37.8 11.6 

 Miscellaneous foods ................................................................ 113,442 6.6 9.9 9.2 23.4 39.1 11.8 

 Nonalcoholic beverages ................................................................ 57,406 7.0 10.0 10.6 24.2 36.9 11.3 

 Food prepared by consumer unit on 

 out-of-town trips ................................................................7,412 5.5 10.0 12.7 18.9 40.2 12.7 

 Food away from home ................................................................ 453,865 4.2 12.5 8.3 19.6 42.7 12.7 

 Alcoholic beverages ................................................................ 76,468 4.4 15.0 7.6 17.5 46.4 9.0 

 Housing ................................................................................................ 2,640,250 7.2 13.0 8.9 20.0 39.4 11.5 

 Shelter................................................................................................ 1,544,072 7.6 14.9 8.1 19.0 39.1 11.4 

 Owned dwellings ................................................................877,720 5.9 9.8 8.9 18.3 43.5 13.6 

 Mortgage interest and charges ................................ 364,770 2.9 9.6 4.2 19.0 49.3 15.0 

 Property taxes ................................................................ 289,139 6.9 9.5 10.3 19.4 41.5 12.4 

 Maintenance, repairs, insurance, other 

 expenses ................................................................ 223,811 9.7 10.7 14.6 15.5 36.6 12.9 

 Rented dwellings ................................................................558,452 10.8 23.9 6.1 19.8 31.6 7.8 

 Other lodging ................................................................ 107,901 4.6 9.7 11.7 20.5 41.3 12.2 

 Utilities, fuels, and public services ................................ 532,153 7.5 10.5 10.3 21.2 37.4 13.2 

 Natural gas ................................................................ 53,888 8.6 11.0 9.8 21.6 35.9 13.1 

 Electricity ................................................................................................ 196,651 8.5 11.0 11.2 21.7 35.9 11.7 

 Fuel oil and other fuels ................................................................ 15,964 11.4 8.3 14.1 17.5 36.4 12.3 

 Telephone services ................................................................ 184,982 5.8 10.3 8.8 20.3 39.9 14.8 

 Residential phone service, VOIP, and phone 

 cards................................................................................................ 28,853 15.3 8.8 17.6 20.4 27.6 10.4 

 Cellular phone service ................................................................ 156,129 4.1 10.6 7.2 20.3 42.2 15.6 

 Water and other public services ................................ 80,668 7.5 9.8 11.1 22.1 36.5 13.1 

 Household operations ................................................................ 200,080 7.2 8.3 8.5 18.3 49.3 8.4 

 Personal services ................................................................ 62,046 24.3 21.9 21.9 14.7 73.0 4.1 

 Other household expenses ................................................................ 138,034 8.4 11.2 11.5 19.9 38.7 10.4 

 Housekeeping supplies ................................................................ 98,029 7.0 12.7 11.4 22.1 35.0 11.9 

 Laundry and cleaning supplies ................................................................ 24,108 6.7 10.3 10.4 25.2 35.2 12.2 

 Other household products ................................................................ 56,598 6.6 12.9 12.1 21.2 35.2 12.0 

 Postage and stationery ................................................................ 17,323 8.7 15.4 10.3 20.4 34.3 10.9 

 Household furnishings and equipment ................................ 265,917 4.4 10.5 10.3 24.1 39.4 11.2 

 Household textiles ................................................................14,576 6.3 11.8 10.4 23.0 37.8 10.7 

 Furniture ................................................................................................ 68,141 3.1 10.7 10.1 21.9 43.8 10.3 

 Floor coverings ................................................................ 3,327 3.7 15.7 10.1 17.9 37.4 15.2 

 Major appliances ................................................................ 39,911 4.6 8.3 9.9 21.7 41.7 13.8 

 Small appliances, miscellaneous housewares ................................ 15,545 5.5 10.3 8.3 24.2 37.6 14.0 

 Miscellaneous household equipment ................................ 124,416 4.7 10.9 10.8 26.4 36.6 10.6 

 Apparel and services ................................................................244,915 4.3 10.6 6.8 22.0 41.8 14.4 

 Men and boys ................................................................ 55,134 2.9 13.9 7.2 22.8 37.7 15.5 

 Men, 16 and over ................................................................ 44,202 3.4 16.3 7.7 19.6 36.3 16.6 

 Boys, 2 to 15 ................................................................ 10,932 .9 4.0 5.0 35.8 43.3 10.9 

 Women and girls ................................................................ 99,043 4.4 9.2 6.7 20.0 45.5 14.1 

 Women, 16 and over ................................................................ 83,668 5.1 10.4 7.4 19.0 44.3 13.9 

 Girls, 2 to 15 ................................................................ 15,376 .6 3.1 3.0 25.7 52.3 15.3 

 Children under 2 ................................................................ 10,242 21.9 25.2 4.9 32.2 40.7 15.2 

 Footwear ................................................................................................ 51,372 5.6 8.6 7.5 22.9 40.1 15.3 

 Other apparel products and services ................................ 29,124 5.5 14.8 6.1 21.7 40.6 11.3 

 Transportation ................................................................................................ 1,282,692 4.1 10.6 8.4 20.1 42.2 14.5 

 Vehicle purchases (net outlay) ................................................................ 522,435 3.5 8.9 8.1 19.4 45.2 14.9 

 Cars and trucks, new ................................................................ 239,926 3.6 8.8 11.0 21.0 45.4 10.1 

 Cars and trucks, used ................................................................ 273,899 3.4 8.9 5.6 18.0 45.1 19.0 

 Other vehicles ................................................................ 8,610 23.8 210.4 28.4 218.8 44.0 214.7 

 Gasoline, other fuels, and motor oil................................ 277,165 3.9 11.2 8.1 19.6 41.7 15.4 

 Other vehicle expenses ................................................................ 375,532 5.0 12.0 8.6 21.4 38.8 14.2 

 Vehicle finance charges ................................................................ 29,143 2.3 9.4 5.9 16.8 49.8 15.7 

 Maintenance and repairs ................................................................ 116,921 5.9 11.8 10.7 20.1 39.2 12.3 

 Vehicle insurance ................................................................128,054 5.8 13.1 7.9 26.1 32.1 15.1 

 Vehicle rental, leases, licenses, and other 

 charges ................................................................................................ 101,413 3.8 11.5 8.0 18.4 43.6 14.7 

 Public and other transportation ................................................................ 107,561 4.6 12.1 10.1 20.4 40.9 11.9 

 Healthcare ................................................................................................ 652,982 9.0 8.7 15.2 20.9 35.0 11.2 

 Health insurance ................................................................ 447,507 9.0 8.1 15.6 20.6 35.7 11.1 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 1600. Number of earners in consumer unit: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

 (Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated) 

Single consumers Consumer units of two or more people 

Item Aggregate No earner One earner No earner One earner Two earners 

Three or 

more 

earners 

 Medical services ................................................................ 119,426 7.3 10.6 12.3 21.9 34.3 13.5 

 Drugs ................................................................................................ 63,492 11.5 8.9 17.7 21.5 32.1 8.2 

 Medical supplies ................................................................ 22,556 8.9 9.2 17.8 20.4 33.8 9.9 

 Entertainment ................................................................................................ 423,720 5.4 11.1 9.6 21.9 41.4 10.6 

 Fees and admissions ................................................................ 100,636 4.0 10.5 7.0 20.2 47.1 11.2 

 Audio and visual equipment and services ................................ 135,311 8.6 12.1 10.7 20.4 36.3 11.9 

 Pets, toys, hobbies, and playground equipment ................................ 107,134 5.4 11.3 6.8 21.5 45.0 10.0 

 Pets ................................................................................................ 86,945 5.9 11.7 6.8 19.3 46.0 10.2 

 Toys, hobbies, and playground equipment ................................ 20,189 3.4 9.3 6.7 30.6 40.9 9.2 

 Other entertainment supplies, equipment, and 

 services................................................................................................ 80,639 2.1 9.8 14.7 27.3 38.1 8.1 

 Personal care products and services ................................ 100,865 6.2 12.3 9.0 20.3 39.6 12.7 

 Reading ................................................................................................ 14,178 13.4 11.9 14.8 20.2 31.4 8.3 

 Education ................................................................................................ 184,932 2.8 13.0 4.7 16.8 43.1 19.6 

 Tobacco products and smoking supplies ................................ 45,556 7.8 13.5 9.1 21.3 34.1 14.2 

 Miscellaneous ................................................................................................ 130,444 8.8 12.8 11.4 20.2 35.3 11.5 

 Cash contributions ................................................................ 248,127 8.7 11.4 14.8 22.7 32.0 10.5 

 Personal insurance and pensions ................................................................ 958,921 .8 12.0 2.9 16.7 51.6 15.9 

 Life and other personal insurance ................................ 61,099 6.0 8.2 11.5 20.0 40.8 13.4 

 Pensions and Social Security ................................................................ 897,823 .5 12.3 2.3 16.5 52.3 16.1 

Sources of income and personal taxes: 

 Money income before taxes................................................................ $10,335,717 3.2 11.0 4.8 17.3 48.2 15.6 

 Wages and salaries ................................................................ 8,090,941 ( 3 ) 12.0 ( 3 ) 16.0 54.5 17.5 

 Self-employment income ................................................................ 687,710 ( 3 ) 12.1 ( 1 ) 21.0 50.4 16.5 

 Social Security, private and government 

 retirement ................................................................................................ 1,138,817 22.7 4.5 37.0 21.9 10.7 3.2 

 Interest, dividends, rental income, other 

 property income ................................................................ 255,147 15.6 8.3 16.9 21.2 26.3 11.7 

 Public assistance, Supplemental Security 

 Income, Supplementary Nutrition Assistance 

 Program (SNAP)................................................................ 59,199 19.3 3.4 23.4 32.9 14.9 6.1 

 Unemployment and workers' compensation, 

 veterans' benefits, and regular contributions 

 for support ................................................................ 62,650 19.0 7.0 17.8 25.1 25.6 5.5 

 Other income ................................................................ 41,253 18.5 21.8 11.1 18.5 20.9 9.1 

 Personal taxes (contains some imputed values) ................................ 1,497,670 1.1 12.8 1.1 12.7 57.1 15.1 

 Federal income taxes ................................................................ 1,187,149 1.2 13.0 1.2 12.4 57.4 14.8 

 State and local income taxes ................................................................ 300,289 .7 12.2 .6 14.2 56.2 16.1 

 Other taxes ................................................................................................ 10,232 4.4 10.4 5.5 14.1 50.6 15.0 

 Income after taxes ................................................................ 8,838,047 3.5 10.7 5.4 18.1 46.6 15.6 

1

 Value is too small to display. 

2

 Data are likely to have large sampling errors. 

3

 No data reported. 

n.a. Not applicable. 

Source: Consumer Expenditure Survey, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, September, 2019