Table 2601. Generation of reference person: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of 

variation, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2018 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Birth year 

of 1981 

or later 

Birth year 

from 1965 

to 1980 

Birth year 

from 1946 

to 1964 

Birth year 

from 1928 

to 1945 

Birth year 

of 1927 

or earlier 

Number of consumer units (in thousands) ................................................................ 131,439 34,845 35,498 43,763 16,206 1,128 

Consumer unit characteristics: 

 Income before taxes 

 Mean ................................................................................................ $78,635 $67,076 $106,506 $80,086 $41,710 $32,832 

 SE ................................................................................................ 1,412.01 1,530.03 3,262.78 2,094.77 1,341.07 3,036.29 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.80 2.28 3.06 2.62 3.22 9.25 

 Income after taxes 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 67,241 58,628 88,794 67,950 39,185 30,565 

 SE ................................................................................................ 996.40 1,163.53 2,156.03 1,510.66 1,186.76 2,827.83 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.48 1.98 2.43 2.22 3.03 9.25 

 Age of reference person ................................................................................................ 51.1 29.0 45.2 62.1 79.0 92.3 

 Average number in consumer unit: 

 People ................................................................................................ 2.5 2.6 3.1 2.1 1.7 1.3 

 Children under 18 .................................................................................................6 .9 1.1 .2 ( 1 ) ( 2 ) 

 Adults 65 and older ................................................................................................4 ( 1 ) ( 1 ) .6 1.4 1.3 

 Earners................................................................................................ 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.2 .3 .1 

 Vehicles ................................................................................................ 1.9 1.6 2.1 2.1 1.6 1.0 

Percent distribution: 

 Reference person: 

 Men ................................................................................................................................ 47 49 47 48 43 46 

 Women ................................................................................................ 53 51 53 52 57 54 

 Housing tenure: 

 Homeowner ................................................................................................ 63 37 64 77 81 64 

 With mortgage ................................................................................................ 37 29 52 39 19 8 

 Without mortgage ................................................................................................ 26 8 13 38 62 56 

 Renter ................................................................................................ 37 63 36 23 19 36 

 Race of reference person: 

 Black or African-American ................................................................................................ 13 14 15 13 8 8 

 White, Asian, and all other races ................................................................ 87 86 85 87 92 92 

 Hispanic or Latino origin of reference person: 

 Hispanic or Latino ................................................................................................13 18 19 9 5 5 

 Not Hispanic or Latino ................................................................................................ 87 82 81 91 95 95 

 Education of reference person: 

 Elementary (1-8) ................................................................................................ 3 2 3 3 5 9 

 High school (9-12) ................................................................................................30 26 27 30 41 43 

 College ................................................................................................ 67 72 70 66 54 49 

 Never attended and other ................................................................................................ ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 2 ) 

 At least one vehicle owned or leased ................................................................ 88 84 91 91 87 61 

Average annual expenditures 

 Mean ................................................................................................ $61,224 $52,874 $74,683 $63,325 $45,551 $34,824 

 SE ................................................................................................ 775.65 917.61 1,350.91 1,168.89 1,026.50 2,600.20 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.27 1.74 1.81 1.85 2.25 7.47 

 Food 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 7,923 7,061 9,826 7,889 5,887 3,146 

 Share ................................................................................................ 12.9 13.4 13.2 12.5 12.9 9.0 

 SE ................................................................................................ 107.65 192.36 211.44 139.46 244.16 483.53 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.36 2.72 2.15 1.77 4.15 15.37 

 Food at home 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 4,464 3,724 5,377 4,597 3,784 2,045 

 Share ................................................................................................ 7.3 7.0 7.2 7.3 8.3 5.9 

 SE ................................................................................................ 63.69 103.36 145.50 88.84 160.56 313.98 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.43 2.78 2.71 1.93 4.24 15.35 

 Cereals and bakery products 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 569 465 694 573 522 312 

 Share ................................................................................................ .9 .9 .9 .9 1.1 .9 

 SE ................................................................................................ 11.22 17.20 26.90 14.86 28.25 53.18 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.97 3.70 3.88 2.59 5.42 17.05 

 Cereals and cereal products 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 178 159 227 168 136 91 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2601. Generation of reference person: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of 

variation, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Birth year 

of 1981 

or later 

Birth year 

from 1965 

to 1980 

Birth year 

from 1946 

to 1964 

Birth year 

from 1928 

to 1945 

Birth year 

of 1927 

or earlier 

 Cereals and cereal products 

 Share ................................................................................................ .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 

 SE ................................................................................................ 3.91 8.67 9.94 5.30 11.06 24.19 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.20 5.44 4.38 3.15 8.12 26.48 

 Bakery products 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 392 306 467 404 385 221 

 Share ................................................................................................ .6 .6 .6 .6 .8 .6 

 SE ................................................................................................ 8.65 11.41 20.67 11.46 20.97 35.07 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.21 3.73 4.43 2.83 5.44 15.90 

 Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 961 792 1,174 1,002 760 450 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.3 

 SE ................................................................................................ 16.73 29.12 42.59 24.03 52.16 123.79 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.74 3.68 3.63 2.40 6.86 27.48 

 Beef 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 253 202 331 250 207 135 

 Share ................................................................................................ .4 .4 .4 .4 .5 .4 

 SE ................................................................................................ 8.78 12.58 22.02 11.99 21.16 53.52 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.46 6.22 6.65 4.80 10.21 39.55 

 Pork 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 180 149 213 190 150 106 

 Share ................................................................................................ .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 

 SE ................................................................................................ 5.12 8.12 10.67 7.31 11.99 34.21 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.84 5.46 5.01 3.85 8.01 32.24 

 Other meats 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 129 95 158 141 110 81 

 Share ................................................................................................ .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 

 SE ................................................................................................ 3.93 6.15 8.47 6.96 11.82 31.94 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.04 6.44 5.36 4.94 10.78 39.64 

 Poultry 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 180 174 232 170 112 68 

 Share ................................................................................................ .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 

 SE ................................................................................................ 4.32 10.06 10.05 6.20 7.07 26.88 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.39 5.77 4.33 3.65 6.33 39.24 

 Fish and seafood 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 154 116 163 185 133 36 

 Share ................................................................................................ .3 .2 .2 .3 .3 .1 

 SE ................................................................................................ 5.93 9.45 9.23 12.68 11.51 12.79 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.86 8.14 5.67 6.84 8.64 35.65 

 Eggs 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 64 55 78 66 48 24 

 Share ................................................................................................ .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 

 SE ................................................................................................ 1.64 2.66 3.29 2.50 3.77 8.31 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.56 4.80 4.24 3.81 7.81 34.44 

 Dairy products 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 449 378 544 452 400 191 

 Share ................................................................................................ .7 .7 .7 .7 .9 .5 

 SE ................................................................................................ 7.84 13.59 17.82 12.34 16.83 43.35 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.75 3.60 3.28 2.73 4.21 22.69 

 Fresh milk and cream 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 147 127 181 145 122 74 

 Share ................................................................................................ .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .2 

 SE ................................................................................................ 2.84 4.68 6.82 4.16 5.71 14.00 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.94 3.70 3.77 2.88 4.67 18.95 

 Other dairy products 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 303 251 363 307 277 117 

 Share ................................................................................................ .5 .5 .5 .5 .6 .3 

 SE ................................................................................................ 5.99 10.53 13.47 9.88 13.71 34.23 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.98 4.19 3.71 3.22 4.94 29.20 

 Fruits and vegetables 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 858 717 1,008 890 759 444 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.3 

 SE ................................................................................................ 17.30 29.40 34.18 21.67 41.26 94.06 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.02 4.10 3.39 2.43 5.44 21.18 

 Fresh fruits 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 318 262 364 337 289 188 

 Share ................................................................................................ .5 .5 .5 .5 .6 .5 

 SE ................................................................................................ 6.62 12.88 14.14 10.60 16.15 53.09 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.08 4.92 3.89 3.15 5.59 28.20 

 Fresh vegetables 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 283 234 343 292 234 128 

 Share ................................................................................................ .5 .4 .5 .5 .5 .4 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2601. Generation of reference person: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of 

variation, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Birth year 

of 1981 

or later 

Birth year 

from 1965 

to 1980 

Birth year 

from 1946 

to 1964 

Birth year 

from 1928 

to 1945 

Birth year 

of 1927 

or earlier 

 Fresh vegetables 

 SE ................................................................................................ 7.67 10.33 15.03 9.60 17.97 33.64 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.71 4.41 4.38 3.29 7.69 26.23 

 Processed fruits 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 114 100 127 115 114 46 

 Share ................................................................................................ .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .1 

 SE ................................................................................................ 3.07 5.38 5.44 4.27 8.16 14.33 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.70 5.36 4.28 3.70 7.13 30.87 

 Processed vegetables 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 144 121 173 146 122 81 

 Share ................................................................................................ .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .2 

 SE ................................................................................................ 3.60 6.76 7.92 4.89 8.58 17.52 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.51 5.60 4.57 3.34 7.03 21.59 

 Other food at home 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 1,627 1,372 1,958 1,681 1,344 648 

 Share ................................................................................................ 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.7 3.0 1.9 

 SE ................................................................................................ 23.07 36.31 54.17 36.26 51.20 95.83 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.42 2.65 2.77 2.16 3.81 14.80 

 Sugar and other sweets 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 151 110 183 158 149 66 

 Share ................................................................................................ .2 .2 .2 .3 .3 .2 

 SE ................................................................................................ 3.93 5.25 10.49 5.62 10.32 19.63 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.61 4.76 5.75 3.55 6.94 29.86 

 Fats and oils 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 118 91 141 125 109 50 

 Share ................................................................................................ .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 

 SE ................................................................................................ 3.41 4.69 6.13 5.34 6.11 15.95 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.90 5.18 4.34 4.28 5.62 31.87 

 Miscellaneous foods 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 865 790 1,031 868 671 367 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.1 

 SE ................................................................................................ 13.52 23.68 32.74 22.52 32.62 65.52 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.56 3.00 3.18 2.59 4.86 17.87 

 Nonalcoholic beverages 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 438 345 531 464 370 157 

 Share ................................................................................................ .7 .7 .7 .7 .8 .5 

 SE ................................................................................................ 8.28 12.67 19.42 12.87 19.54 41.32 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.89 3.67 3.66 2.77 5.28 26.33 

 Food prepared by consumer unit on out-of-town trips 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 56 36 72 65 45 8 

 Share ................................................................................................ .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 ( 1 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 2.62 2.06 4.85 4.50 6.70 5.20 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.64 5.71 6.73 6.91 14.77 62.50 

 Food away from home 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 3,459 3,338 4,449 3,292 2,102 1,101 

 Share ................................................................................................ 5.6 6.3 6.0 5.2 4.6 3.2 

 SE ................................................................................................ 62.38 126.90 120.02 83.87 133.94 284.51 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.80 3.80 2.70 2.55 6.37 25.83 

 Alcoholic beverages 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 583 560 693 617 317 68 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.0 1.1 .9 1.0 .7 .2 

 SE ................................................................................................ 18.53 35.37 50.97 31.61 24.46 38.87 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.18 6.31 7.36 5.13 7.71 57.34 

 Housing 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 20,091 18,329 24,050 20,003 15,511 18,350 

 Share ................................................................................................ 32.8 34.7 32.2 31.6 34.1 52.7 

 SE ................................................................................................ 251.42 289.36 427.69 432.41 373.81 1,884.89 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.25 1.58 1.78 2.16 2.41 10.27 

 Shelter 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 11,747 11,415 14,193 11,159 8,644 12,439 

 Share ................................................................................................ 19.2 21.6 19.0 17.6 19.0 35.7 

 SE ................................................................................................ 174.04 220.69 306.49 265.80 343.07 1,646.61 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.48 1.93 2.16 2.38 3.97 13.24 

 Owned dwellings 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 6,678 4,096 8,623 7,722 5,369 3,494 

 Share ................................................................................................ 10.9 7.7 11.5 12.2 11.8 10.0 

 SE ................................................................................................ 136.48 176.07 274.83 229.44 261.02 469.68 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.04 4.30 3.19 2.97 4.86 13.44 

 Mortgage interest and charges 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 2,775 2,216 4,329 2,686 992 211 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2601. Generation of reference person: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of 

variation, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Birth year 

of 1981 

or later 

Birth year 

from 1965 

to 1980 

Birth year 

from 1946 

to 1964 

Birth year 

from 1928 

to 1945 

Birth year 

of 1927 

or earlier 

 Mortgage interest and charges 

 Share ................................................................................................ 4.5 4.2 5.8 4.2 2.2 .6 

 SE ................................................................................................ 56.94 85.15 149.28 88.65 86.82 110.42 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.05 3.84 3.45 3.30 8.75 52.39 

 Property taxes 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 2,200 1,091 2,729 2,687 2,133 1,860 

 Share ................................................................................................ 3.6 2.1 3.7 4.2 4.7 5.3 

 SE ................................................................................................ 53.01 52.57 112.22 82.39 86.80 282.55 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.41 4.82 4.11 3.07 4.07 15.19 

 Maintenance, repairs, insurance, other expenses 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 1,703 788 1,565 2,349 2,244 1,423 

 Share ................................................................................................ 2.8 1.5 2.1 3.7 4.9 4.1 

 SE ................................................................................................ 76.53 79.86 97.69 164.44 194.70 321.38 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.49 10.13 6.24 7.00 8.67 22.58 

 Rented dwellings 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 4,249 6,895 4,589 2,372 2,577 8,621 

 Share ................................................................................................ 6.9 13.0 6.1 3.7 5.7 24.8 

 SE ................................................................................................ 66.68 204.70 110.85 79.23 251.31 1,498.27 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.57 2.97 2.42 3.34 9.75 17.38 

 Other lodging 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 821 425 981 1,064 698 324 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.3 .8 1.3 1.7 1.5 .9 

 SE ................................................................................................ 28.01 29.65 57.26 58.45 53.25 162.76 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.41 6.98 5.83 5.49 7.63 50.23 

 Utilities, fuels, and public services 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 4,049 3,183 4,757 4,359 3,621 2,574 

 Share ................................................................................................ 6.6 6.0 6.4 6.9 8.0 7.4 

 SE ................................................................................................ 34.41 51.30 60.00 49.63 66.91 184.55 

 CV(%) ................................................................ .85 1.61 1.26 1.14 1.85 7.17 

 Natural gas 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 410 288 465 460 418 358 

 Share ................................................................................................ .7 .5 .6 .7 .9 1.0 

 SE ................................................................................................ 11.04 10.08 14.66 15.08 22.91 62.28 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.69 3.49 3.15 3.28 5.48 17.42 

 Electricity 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 1,496 1,206 1,694 1,612 1,411 964 

 Share ................................................................................................ 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.5 3.1 2.8 

 SE ................................................................................................ 18.13 31.39 26.06 21.29 24.90 99.53 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.21 2.60 1.54 1.32 1.76 10.32 

 Fuel oil and other fuels 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 121 40 113 165 194 191 

 Share ................................................................................................ .2 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 

 SE ................................................................................................ 8.66 5.82 10.27 13.64 21.39 79.27 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 7.13 14.65 9.06 8.29 11.04 41.55 

 Telephone services 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 1,407 1,203 1,772 1,451 983 642 

 Share ................................................................................................ 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.2 1.8 

 SE ................................................................................................ 14.67 24.22 30.16 22.84 23.07 61.18 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.04 2.01 1.70 1.57 2.35 9.53 

 Residential phone service, VOIP, and phone cards 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 220 70 182 294 412 393 

 Share ................................................................................................ .4 .1 .2 .5 .9 1.1 

 SE ................................................................................................ 6.50 4.36 8.98 9.87 12.29 39.57 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.96 6.24 4.94 3.36 2.98 10.08 

 Cellular phone service 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 1,188 1,133 1,590 1,158 571 249 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.9 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.3 .7 

 SE ................................................................................................ 15.50 22.98 30.33 24.12 21.57 46.04 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.31 2.03 1.91 2.08 3.78 18.49 

 Water and other public services 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 614 446 713 672 615 420 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.0 .8 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.2 

 SE ................................................................................................ 14.38 12.21 20.65 19.39 26.11 47.25 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.34 2.74 2.90 2.89 4.25 11.25 

 Household operations 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 1,522 1,522 1,892 1,286 1,287 2,425 

 Share ................................................................................................ 2.5 2.9 2.5 2.0 2.8 7.0 

 SE ................................................................................................ 36.26 72.10 75.82 60.61 77.81 688.49 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.38 4.74 4.01 4.71 6.05 28.39 

 Personal services 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 472 814 736 73 155 1,606 

 Share ................................................................................................ .8 1.5 1.0 .1 .3 4.6 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2601. Generation of reference person: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of 

variation, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Birth year 

of 1981 

or later 

Birth year 

from 1965 

to 1980 

Birth year 

from 1946 

to 1964 

Birth year 

from 1928 

to 1945 

Birth year 

of 1927 

or earlier 

 Personal services 

 SE ................................................................................................ 28.03 63.60 60.85 44.21 59.06 676.81 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.94 7.81 8.26 60.41 38.01 42.13 

 Other household expenses 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 1,050 708 1,156 1,213 1,131 819 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.7 1.3 1.5 1.9 2.5 2.4 

 SE ................................................................................................ 21.47 20.71 43.88 38.57 51.90 132.50 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.04 2.93 3.80 3.18 4.59 16.18 

 Housekeeping supplies 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 747 512 905 819 722 464 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.3 

 SE ................................................................................................ 22.86 26.88 57.53 33.94 56.37 191.01 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.06 5.25 6.36 4.15 7.81 41.19 

 Laundry and cleaning supplies 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 184 139 246 180 159 73 

 Share ................................................................................................ .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 

 SE ................................................................................................ 9.24 9.08 28.38 8.28 15.98 23.39 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.03 6.54 11.52 4.61 10.06 31.83 

 Other household products 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 431 286 516 484 415 355 

 Share ................................................................................................ .7 .5 .7 .8 .9 1.0 

 SE ................................................................................................ 15.95 18.88 43.72 26.45 40.20 187.86 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.70 6.60 8.47 5.47 9.68 52.95 

 Postage and stationery 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 132 87 142 155 148 35 

 Share ................................................................................................ .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .1 

 SE ................................................................................................ 7.36 7.39 17.23 12.06 15.39 14.39 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.57 8.49 12.12 7.77 10.40 40.59 

 Household furnishings and equipment 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 2,025 1,697 2,302 2,380 1,237 447 

 Share ................................................................................................ 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.8 2.7 1.3 

 SE ................................................................................................ 83.03 91.98 116.90 194.66 60.09 117.95 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.10 5.42 5.08 8.18 4.86 26.36 

 Household textiles 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 111 76 100 157 91 1 

 Share ................................................................................................ .2 .1 .1 .2 .2 ( 1 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 6.38 9.60 13.18 15.04 14.23 1.09 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.75 12.61 13.21 9.58 15.72 79.10 

 Furniture 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 518 523 601 563 236 64 

 Share ................................................................................................ .8 1.0 .8 .9 .5 .2 

 SE ................................................................................................ 23.53 41.51 36.27 37.81 28.52 30.18 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.54 7.93 6.03 6.71 12.07 47.26 

 Floor coverings 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 25 20 24 36 12 1 

 Share ................................................................................................ ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) .1 ( 1 ) ( 1 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 2.51 4.10 3.95 6.13 3.62 .76 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 9.90 20.51 16.33 16.98 30.69 76.43 

 Major appliances 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 304 225 355 350 249 91 

 Share ................................................................................................ .5 .4 .5 .6 .5 .3 

 SE ................................................................................................ 16.72 20.40 40.54 25.47 24.98 60.28 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.51 9.06 11.42 7.27 10.05 66.02 

 Small appliances, miscellaneous housewares 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 118 98 124 141 91 20 

 Share ................................................................................................ .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 

 SE ................................................................................................ 7.07 10.36 9.25 18.12 10.63 6.46 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.97 10.56 7.45 12.81 11.62 31.57 

 Miscellaneous household equipment 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 948 754 1,098 1,131 558 269 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.8 1.2 .8 

 SE ................................................................................................ 74.14 54.20 99.70 181.00 54.77 119.58 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 7.82 7.19 9.08 16.00 9.81 44.39 

 Apparel and services 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 1,866 1,979 2,343 1,741 990 293 

 Share ................................................................................................ 3.0 3.7 3.1 2.7 2.2 .8 

 SE ................................................................................................ 51.41 118.42 97.41 76.90 119.16 123.18 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.75 5.99 4.16 4.42 12.04 42.07 

 Men and boys 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 420 470 520 404 155 31 

 Share ................................................................................................ .7 .9 .7 .6 .3 .1 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2601. Generation of reference person: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of 

variation, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Birth year 

of 1981 

or later 

Birth year 

from 1965 

to 1980 

Birth year 

from 1946 

to 1964 

Birth year 

from 1928 

to 1945 

Birth year 

of 1927 

or earlier 

 Men and boys 

 SE ................................................................................................ 19.61 45.64 35.30 31.44 21.03 30.40 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.67 9.71 6.79 7.79 13.61 97.12 

 Men, 16 and over 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 337 379 362 360 140 31 

 Share ................................................................................................ .6 .7 .5 .6 .3 .1 

 SE ................................................................................................ 18.60 44.93 30.37 29.49 20.12 30.40 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.52 11.86 8.39 8.20 14.34 97.12 

 Boys, 2 to 15 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 83 91 158 44 14 ( 2 ) 

 Share ................................................................................................ .1 .2 .2 .1 ( 1 ) ( 2 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 4.22 8.60 13.11 5.59 5.01 ( 2 ) 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.07 9.42 8.31 12.79 35.22 ( 2 ) 

 Women and girls 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 755 685 999 732 458 66 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.0 .2 

 SE ................................................................................................ 25.60 53.37 58.09 39.75 66.40 48.53 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.39 7.79 5.81 5.43 14.51 73.52 

 Women, 16 and over 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 638 556 770 674 447 66 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 .2 

 SE ................................................................................................ 22.36 45.09 49.03 38.18 66.37 48.53 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.51 8.11 6.37 5.66 14.86 73.52 

 Girls, 2 to 15 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 117 129 229 58 11 ( 2 ) 

 Share ................................................................................................ .2 .2 .3 .1 ( 1 ) ( 2 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 9.09 19.56 22.55 9.72 3.65 ( 2 ) 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 7.76 15.13 9.84 16.69 32.92 ( 2 ) 

 Children under 2 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 78 160 65 50 12 2 

 Share ................................................................................................ .1 .3 .1 .1 ( 1 ) ( 1 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 7.01 14.16 9.90 11.70 5.47 2.22 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 8.98 8.85 15.23 23.58 46.08 108.92 

 Footwear 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 392 444 490 332 237 131 

 Share ................................................................................................ .6 .8 .7 .5 .5 .4 

 SE ................................................................................................ 16.88 47.65 30.67 30.56 51.52 98.65 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.31 10.73 6.25 9.22 21.76 75.14 

 Other apparel products and services 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 222 219 269 224 129 62 

 Share ................................................................................................ .4 .4 .4 .4 .3 .2 

 SE ................................................................................................ 13.27 32.52 26.44 15.52 16.12 16.19 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.98 14.85 9.84 6.94 12.51 26.07 

 Transportation 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 9,761 9,435 11,775 10,044 5,836 1,677 

 Share ................................................................................................ 15.9 17.8 15.8 15.9 12.8 4.8 

 SE ................................................................................................ 226.33 352.18 353.50 357.24 350.98 437.93 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.32 3.73 3.00 3.56 6.01 26.12 

 Vehicle purchases (net outlay) 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 3,975 4,289 4,560 4,128 1,870 148 

 Share ................................................................................................ 6.5 8.1 6.1 6.5 4.1 .4 

 SE ................................................................................................ 186.52 289.09 322.97 316.11 252.76 145.80 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.69 6.74 7.08 7.66 13.52 98.34 

 Cars and trucks, new 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 1,825 1,751 2,007 2,059 1,085 ( 2 ) 

 Share ................................................................................................ 3.0 3.3 2.7 3.3 2.4 ( 2 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 124.23 206.06 237.27 202.90 209.19 ( 2 ) 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 6.81 11.77 11.82 9.86 19.28 ( 2 ) 

 Cars and trucks, used 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 2,084 2,449 2,466 2,015 782 148 

 Share ................................................................................................ 3.4 4.6 3.3 3.2 1.7 .4 

 SE ................................................................................................ 111.39 194.31 177.27 193.98 194.33 145.80 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.35 7.93 7.19 9.63 24.86 98.34 

 Other vehicles 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 66 88 87 54 3 ( 2 ) 

 Share ................................................................................................ .1 .2 .1 .1 ( 1 ) ( 2 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 12.29 20.88 26.92 21.23 3.08 ( 2 ) 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 18.77 23.59 30.90 38.96 99.59 ( 2 ) 

 Gasoline, other fuels, and motor oil 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 2,109 2,053 2,639 2,114 1,172 411 

 Share ................................................................................................ 3.4 3.9 3.5 3.3 2.6 1.2 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2601. Generation of reference person: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of 

variation, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Birth year 

of 1981 

or later 

Birth year 

from 1965 

to 1980 

Birth year 

from 1946 

to 1964 

Birth year 

from 1928 

to 1945 

Birth year 

of 1927 

or earlier 

 Gasoline, other fuels, and motor oil 

 SE ................................................................................................ 23.33 39.16 47.03 31.45 38.17 61.68 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.11 1.91 1.78 1.49 3.26 15.02 

 Other vehicle expenses 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 2,859 2,428 3,537 2,928 2,252 680 

 Share ................................................................................................ 4.7 4.6 4.7 4.6 4.9 2.0 

 SE ................................................................................................ 64.92 102.27 125.41 90.26 234.44 216.09 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.27 4.21 3.55 3.08 10.41 31.79 

 Vehicle finance charges 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 222 239 278 223 72 5 

 Share ................................................................................................ .4 .5 .4 .4 .2 ( 1 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 6.70 10.46 11.27 11.09 7.52 5.25 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.02 4.38 4.05 4.97 10.48 99.01 

 Maintenance and repairs 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 890 714 1,015 1,008 724 153 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.6 .4 

 SE ................................................................................................ 19.99 33.89 41.38 28.63 78.66 58.35 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.25 4.74 4.08 2.84 10.87 38.04 

 Vehicle insurance 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 976 811 1,245 915 943 294 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.4 2.1 .8 

 SE ................................................................................................ 53.42 77.05 107.37 71.94 191.73 193.92 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.47 9.50 8.63 7.86 20.34 66.06 

 Vehicle rental, leases, licenses, and other charges 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 772 664 999 782 514 227 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 .7 

 SE ................................................................................................ 22.58 45.26 57.60 38.63 42.67 70.16 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.93 6.81 5.76 4.94 8.30 30.84 

 Public and other transportation 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 818 665 1,039 874 542 438 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.3 

 SE ................................................................................................ 27.10 39.40 58.84 45.46 75.79 275.68 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.31 5.92 5.66 5.20 13.99 62.95 

 Healthcare 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 4,968 2,831 4,786 6,025 7,046 5,907 

 Share ................................................................................................ 8.1 5.4 6.4 9.5 15.5 17.0 

 SE ................................................................................................ 72.42 78.66 120.16 122.00 192.24 422.66 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.46 2.78 2.51 2.02 2.73 7.16 

 Health insurance 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 3,405 1,955 3,252 4,122 4,843 4,513 

 Share ................................................................................................ 5.6 3.7 4.4 6.5 10.6 13.0 

 SE ................................................................................................ 49.65 57.65 78.97 83.31 104.78 316.81 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.46 2.95 2.43 2.02 2.16 7.02 

 Medical services 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 909 568 961 1,069 1,122 487 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.7 2.5 1.4 

 SE ................................................................................................ 30.52 39.07 53.69 55.23 114.58 134.64 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.36 6.88 5.58 5.17 10.22 27.65 

 Drugs 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 483 217 418 621 813 680 

 Share ................................................................................................ .8 .4 .6 1.0 1.8 2.0 

 SE ................................................................................................ 12.48 13.89 19.75 20.42 43.97 103.73 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.58 6.39 4.72 3.29 5.41 15.26 

 Medical supplies 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 172 91 155 213 268 227 

 Share ................................................................................................ .3 .2 .2 .3 .6 .7 

 SE ................................................................................................ 7.88 6.32 11.02 12.94 28.47 133.08 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.59 6.97 7.13 6.07 10.61 58.58 

 Entertainment 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 3,226 2,391 3,921 3,801 2,065 987 

 Share ................................................................................................ 5.3 4.5 5.3 6.0 4.5 2.8 

 SE ................................................................................................ 96.38 84.65 159.91 243.73 151.90 100.06 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.99 3.54 4.08 6.41 7.36 10.14 

 Fees and admissions 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 766 635 1,163 696 407 154 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.3 1.2 1.6 1.1 .9 .4 

 SE ................................................................................................ 31.33 42.79 66.43 41.54 50.90 58.10 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.09 6.74 5.71 5.97 12.51 37.66 

 Audio and visual equipment and services 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 1,030 797 1,168 1,128 982 697 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2601. Generation of reference person: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of 

variation, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Birth year 

of 1981 

or later 

Birth year 

from 1965 

to 1980 

Birth year 

from 1946 

to 1964 

Birth year 

from 1928 

to 1945 

Birth year 

of 1927 

or earlier 

 Audio and visual equipment and services 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.2 2.0 

 SE ................................................................................................ 17.58 27.67 33.80 25.35 29.64 54.68 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.71 3.47 2.89 2.25 3.02 7.85 

 Pets, toys, hobbies, and playground equipment 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 816 659 1,023 916 456 111 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.0 .3 

 SE ................................................................................................ 42.99 48.33 81.84 80.22 50.31 59.59 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.27 7.34 8.00 8.76 11.02 53.61 

 Pets 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 662 478 833 776 394 107 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.1 .9 1.1 1.2 .9 .3 

 SE ................................................................................................ 43.19 39.86 81.86 78.38 48.52 59.46 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 6.52 8.33 9.83 10.09 12.31 55.49 

 Toys, hobbies, and playground equipment 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 154 180 190 140 62 4 

 Share ................................................................................................ .3 .3 .3 .2 .1 ( 1 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 9.04 21.03 19.99 12.98 9.13 2.59 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.87 11.67 10.50 9.30 14.70 64.61 

 Other entertainment supplies, equipment, and services 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 614 300 566 1,061 219 25 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.0 .6 .8 1.7 .5 .1 

 SE ................................................................................................ 95.39 42.45 110.18 253.79 133.33 20.15 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 15.54 14.13 19.45 23.91 60.78 80.99 

 Personal care products and services 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 768 668 935 771 623 478 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.4 

 SE ................................................................................................ 18.96 31.93 31.30 22.29 44.60 52.82 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.47 4.78 3.35 2.89 7.16 11.05 

 Reading 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 108 64 104 129 152 154 

 Share ................................................................................................ .2 .1 .1 .2 .3 .4 

 SE ................................................................................................ 6.57 5.84 8.64 9.45 22.59 84.84 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 6.08 9.09 8.31 7.32 14.82 55.06 

 Education 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 1,407 1,308 2,156 1,322 304 67 

 Share ................................................................................................ 2.3 2.5 2.9 2.1 .7 .2 

 SE ................................................................................................ 86.08 127.15 185.79 133.16 118.74 38.97 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 6.12 9.72 8.62 10.08 39.09 58.26 

 Tobacco products and smoking supplies 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 347 331 410 394 136 15 

 Share ................................................................................................ .6 .6 .5 .6 .3 ( 1 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 13.89 22.68 18.97 25.81 12.41 9.41 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.01 6.85 4.63 6.56 9.12 63.16 

 Miscellaneous 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 993 671 1,129 1,128 1,029 811 

 Share ................................................................................................ 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.3 2.3 

 SE ................................................................................................ 58.29 60.54 107.58 85.66 198.93 233.37 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.87 9.02 9.53 7.59 19.33 28.79 

 Cash contributions 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 1,888 890 1,985 2,252 2,804 2,370 

 Share ................................................................................................ 3.1 1.7 2.7 3.6 6.2 6.8 

 SE ................................................................................................ 90.75 86.74 175.36 155.99 479.19 542.19 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.81 9.75 8.83 6.93 17.09 22.88 

 Personal insurance and pensions 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 7,296 6,355 10,570 7,210 2,850 503 

 Share ................................................................................................ 11.9 12.0 14.2 11.4 6.3 1.4 

 SE ................................................................................................ 161.31 185.05 369.75 265.64 569.97 144.10 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.21 2.91 3.50 3.68 20.00 28.67 

 Life and other personal insurance 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 465 203 527 617 505 138 

 Share ................................................................................................ .8 .4 .7 1.0 1.1 .4 

 SE ................................................................................................ 21.30 23.04 38.92 34.56 51.96 50.03 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.58 11.37 7.39 5.60 10.28 36.23 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2601. Generation of reference person: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of 

variation, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Birth year 

of 1981 

or later 

Birth year 

from 1965 

to 1980 

Birth year 

from 1946 

to 1964 

Birth year 

from 1928 

to 1945 

Birth year 

of 1927 

or earlier 

 Pensions and Social Security 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 6,831 6,153 10,043 6,593 2,345 365 

 Share ................................................................................................ 11.2 11.6 13.4 10.4 5.1 1.0 

 SE ................................................................................................ 153.96 177.65 371.74 249.01 565.97 135.69 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.25 2.89 3.70 3.78 24.14 37.22 

Sources of income and personal taxes: 

 Money income before taxes 

 Mean ................................................................................................ $78,635 $67,076 $106,506 $80,086 $41,710 $32,832 

 SE ................................................................................................ 1,412.01 1,530.03 3,262.78 2,094.77 1,341.07 3,036.29 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.80 2.28 3.06 2.62 3.22 9.25 

 Wages and salaries 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 61,557 61,453 94,074 56,250 9,056 1,616 

 Share ................................................................................................ 78.3 91.6 88.3 70.2 21.7 4.9 

 SE ................................................................................................ 1,071.54 1,458.15 2,516.11 1,545.50 847.88 775.69 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.74 2.37 2.67 2.75 9.36 47.99 

 Self-employment income 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 5,232 3,152 8,236 5,841 1,791 793 

 Share ................................................................................................ 6.7 4.7 7.7 7.3 4.3 2.4 

 SE ................................................................................................ 350.75 326.17 883.53 576.76 386.77 525.06 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 6.70 10.35 10.73 9.88 21.60 66.19 

 Social Security, private and government retirement 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 8,664 526 1,577 13,728 26,934 24,173 

 Share ................................................................................................ 11.0 .8 1.5 17.1 64.6 73.6 

 SE ................................................................................................ 166.48 75.72 132.91 384.15 679.81 1,474.81 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.92 14.40 8.43 2.80 2.52 6.10 

 Interest, dividends, rental income, other property income 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 1,941 550 1,368 2,975 3,162 5,301 

 Share ................................................................................................ 2.5 .8 1.3 3.7 7.6 16.1 

 SE ................................................................................................ 162.52 125.09 303.34 299.46 438.13 1,808.29 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 8.37 22.74 22.17 10.07 13.86 34.11 

 Public assistance, Supplemental Security Income, 

 Supplementary Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 450 516 498 457 210 146 

 Share ................................................................................................ .6 .8 .5 .6 .5 .4 

 SE ................................................................................................ 20.41 38.75 45.76 32.48 34.37 71.82 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.53 7.51 9.19 7.11 16.40 49.18 

 Unemployment and workers' compensation, veterans' 

 benefits, and regular contributions for support 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 477 343 480 612 402 324 

 Share ................................................................................................ .6 .5 .5 .8 1.0 1.0 

 SE ................................................................................................ 34.99 40.83 74.11 69.68 96.57 166.54 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 7.34 11.92 15.44 11.39 24.01 51.33 

 Other income 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 314 536 273 224 155 478 

 Share ................................................................................................ .4 .8 .3 .3 .4 1.5 

 SE ................................................................................................ 29.74 86.02 40.68 35.46 51.50 596.86 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 9.48 16.04 14.89 15.82 33.12 124.95 

 Personal taxes (contains some imputed values) 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 11,394 8,447 17,712 12,136 2,525 2,267 

 Share ................................................................................................ 14.5 12.6 16.6 15.2 6.1 6.9 

 SE ................................................................................................ 448.15 409.50 1,211.17 621.42 223.02 656.23 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.93 4.85 6.84 5.12 8.83 28.95 

 Federal income taxes 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 9,032 6,433 14,060 9,774 2,103 1,818 

 Share ................................................................................................ 11.5 9.6 13.2 12.2 5.0 5.5 

 SE ................................................................................................ 356.41 304.90 972.81 513.16 183.26 528.32 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.95 4.74 6.92 5.25 8.71 29.05 

 State and local income taxes 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 2,285 1,973 3,525 2,284 370 419 

 Share ................................................................................................ 2.9 2.9 3.3 2.9 .9 1.3 

 SE ................................................................................................ 114.73 124.67 261.44 132.29 50.01 145.88 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.02 6.32 7.42 5.79 13.52 34.82 

 Other taxes 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 78 41 127 78 52 29 

 Share ................................................................................................ .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 

 SE ................................................................................................ 25.84 10.08 84.82 20.13 15.64 13.88 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 33.20 24.45 66.75 25.85 30.07 47.07 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2601. Generation of reference person: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of 

variation, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Birth year 

of 1981 

or later 

Birth year 

from 1965 

to 1980 

Birth year 

from 1946 

to 1964 

Birth year 

from 1928 

to 1945 

Birth year 

of 1927 

or earlier 

 Income after taxes 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 67,241 58,628 88,794 67,950 39,185 30,565 

 Share ................................................................................................ 85.5 87.4 83.4 84.8 93.9 93.1 

 SE ................................................................................................ 996.40 1,163.53 2,156.03 1,510.66 1,186.76 2,827.83 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.48 1.98 2.43 2.22 3.03 9.25 

Addenda: 

 Net change in total assets and liabilities 

 Mean ................................................................................................ $12,679 $1,949 $15,516 $22,467 $3,056 $13,369 

 SE ................................................................................................ 1,543.94 2,436.74 3,099.34 5,303.60 3,993.13 29,031.14 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 12.18 125.01 19.98 23.61 130.68 217.15 

 Net change in total assets 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 22,521 19,026 26,282 29,195 4,420 13,212 

 SE ................................................................................................ 1,621.24 1,863.57 3,276.83 5,417.86 3,896.21 29,082.08 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 7.20 9.79 12.47 18.56 88.15 220.13 

 Net change in total liabilities 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 9,842 17,077 10,766 6,729 1,364 -157 

 SE ................................................................................................ 1,101.88 2,184.45 1,762.57 1,478.41 621.88 143.70 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 11.20 12.79 16.37 21.97 45.58 -91.32 

 Other financial information: 

 Other money receipts 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 701 524 461 1,069 531 1,896 

 SE ................................................................................................ 74.66 87.57 169.90 172.33 257.06 1,820.82 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 10.65 16.72 36.85 16.12 48.43 96.01 

 Mortgage principal paid on owned property 

 Mean ................................................................................................ -2,227 -1,314 -3,342 -2,535 -1,056 -185 

 SE ................................................................................................ 58.49 67.52 145.14 95.29 144.64 88.39 

 CV(%) ................................................................ -2.63 -5.14 -4.34 -3.76 -13.70 -47.88 

 Estimated market value of owned home 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 198,612 94,305 238,015 237,697 228,927 228,841 

 SE ................................................................................................ 4,260.13 3,513.53 11,778.03 5,780.64 8,693.26 50,551.21 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.14 3.73 4.95 2.43 3.80 22.09 

 Estimated monthly rental value of owned home 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 1,071 569 1,217 1,295 1,232 1,001 

 SE ................................................................................................ 11.00 17.52 27.53 24.41 28.33 75.37 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.03 3.08 2.26 1.88 2.30 7.53 

 Gifts of goods and services, total 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 1,206 536 1,501 1,620 927 324 

 SE ................................................................................................ 48.73 60.30 107.47 98.31 151.38 160.14 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.04 11.26 7.16 6.07 16.34 49.45 

 Food 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 91 56 94 129 58 6 

 SE ................................................................................................ 7.84 15.87 20.91 21.11 11.17 5.28 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 8.61 28.11 22.17 16.31 19.30 83.47 

 Alcoholic beverages 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 15 15 17 18 4 1 

 SE ................................................................................................ 3.19 5.43 4.90 6.87 1.69 .56 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 21.22 35.55 28.85 39.01 45.87 100.08 

 Housing 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 260 114 268 397 190 178 

 SE ................................................................................................ 20.77 15.65 29.72 47.13 26.62 132.07 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 7.98 13.70 11.11 11.88 14.02 74.15 

 Housekeeping supplies 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 35 21 41 44 26 ( 2 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 2.99 4.28 6.68 5.19 8.45 ( 2 ) 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 8.61 20.28 16.39 11.73 32.02 ( 2 ) 

 Household textiles 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 11 6 11 16 6 ( 2 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 2.11 2.46 4.01 3.94 2.94 ( 2 ) 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 19.62 37.85 36.11 25.42 45.45 ( 2 ) 

 Appliances and miscellaneous housewares 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 23 12 17 44 9 ( 2 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 5.36 3.60 3.94 15.06 2.19 ( 2 ) 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 22.85 30.23 23.81 34.51 24.07 ( 2 ) 

 Major appliances 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 8 6 8 11 3 ( 2 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 1.74 2.95 3.29 3.68 1.60 ( 2 ) 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 22.01 46.96 41.49 32.76 58.83 ( 2 ) 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2601. Generation of reference person: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of 

variation, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Birth year 

of 1981 

or later 

Birth year 

from 1965 

to 1980 

Birth year 

from 1946 

to 1964 

Birth year 

from 1928 

to 1945 

Birth year 

of 1927 

or earlier 

 Small appliances and miscellaneous housewares 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 16 6 9 32 6 ( 2 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 5.05 1.95 2.22 14.35 2.32 ( 2 ) 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 32.44 34.63 25.66 44.27 36.50 ( 2 ) 

 Miscellaneous household equipment 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 50 20 41 82 47 1 

 SE ................................................................................................ 8.83 4.87 6.55 24.33 8.82 .69 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 17.71 24.83 15.85 29.60 18.67 98.66 

 Other housing 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 141 55 158 211 101 177 

 SE ................................................................................................ 14.78 10.41 25.48 31.51 20.33 132.13 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 10.45 18.91 16.14 14.93 20.19 74.47 

 Apparel and services 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 212 191 239 237 141 20 

 SE ................................................................................................ 16.95 31.08 31.07 22.48 47.38 21.05 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 7.98 16.24 13.02 9.50 33.56 104.44 

 Males, 2 and over 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 48 38 45 67 25 ( 2 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 4.69 10.79 8.30 8.99 6.90 ( 2 ) 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 9.77 28.04 18.34 13.47 27.07 ( 2 ) 

 Females, 2 and over 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 84 61 112 91 59 20 

 SE ................................................................................................ 8.49 17.30 18.09 11.58 20.00 21.05 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 10.07 28.55 16.12 12.75 33.84 104.44 

 Children under 2 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 28 30 30 33 6 ( 2 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 3.16 6.34 6.62 5.19 2.48 ( 2 ) 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 11.26 21.11 21.84 15.69 40.56 ( 2 ) 

 Other apparel products and services 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 52 62 51 46 50 ( 2 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 6.46 15.20 9.74 8.14 28.01 ( 2 ) 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 12.47 24.38 19.14 17.67 55.48 ( 2 ) 

 Jewelry and watches 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 14 19 10 19 3 ( 2 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 3.88 10.61 4.61 6.41 .94 ( 2 ) 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 26.87 54.68 45.34 34.21 36.27 ( 2 ) 

 All other apparel products and services 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 37 43 41 27 48 ( 2 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 5.11 10.62 8.59 5.16 27.92 ( 2 ) 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 13.66 24.72 21.08 18.87 58.28 ( 2 ) 

 Transportation 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 125 47 198 154 57 74 

 SE ................................................................................................ 18.35 21.61 53.40 30.29 11.90 52.21 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 14.68 45.62 26.96 19.69 20.70 70.17 

 Healthcare 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 21 5 25 27 33 ( 2 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 5.06 1.94 8.39 6.56 30.69 ( 2 ) 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 23.83 38.32 33.58 24.25 91.89 ( 2 ) 

 Entertainment 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 105 46 113 165 57 18 

 SE ................................................................................................ 9.64 8.22 14.91 23.76 12.97 16.25 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 9.15 17.78 13.19 14.38 22.90 92.39 

 Toys, games, arts and crafts, and tricycles 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 36 23 34 57 11 ( 2 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 3.89 6.19 5.20 7.40 3.79 ( 2 ) 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 10.82 27.30 15.27 12.92 33.83 ( 2 ) 

 Other entertainment 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 69 24 79 108 45 18 

 SE ................................................................................................ 8.27 5.39 13.66 23.12 11.37 16.25 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 11.92 22.87 17.29 21.42 25.01 92.39 

 Personal care products and services 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 18 12 25 17 20 ( 1 ) 

 SE ................................................................................................ 2.39 3.38 6.66 4.59 6.57 .42 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 13.19 28.03 26.98 26.66 32.80 98.25 

 Reading 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 4 2 4 4 7 2 

 SE ................................................................................................ .63 .68 .84 .91 3.79 1.82 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 16.51 34.34 20.53 22.03 56.61 102.08 

 Education 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 258 8 447 344 170 2 

 SE ................................................................................................ 26.72 2.23 72.60 50.45 104.15 2.51 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 10.35 28.17 16.23 14.68 61.38 106.48 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2601. Generation of reference person: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of 

variation, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Birth year 

of 1981 

or later 

Birth year 

from 1965 

to 1980 

Birth year 

from 1946 

to 1964 

Birth year 

from 1928 

to 1945 

Birth year 

of 1927 

or earlier 

 All other gifts 

 Mean ................................................................................................ 96 38 72 129 190 22 

 SE ................................................................................................ 11.07 7.39 12.09 13.93 68.41 21.17 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 11.58 19.62 16.86 10.83 36.00 95.70 

1

 Value is too small to display. 

2

 No data reported. 

Source: Consumer Expenditure Survey, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, September, 2019