Table 63. Occupation of reference person: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income, Consumer

Expenditure Survey, 1998

(Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Item Aggregate

Selfemployed

workers

Wage and salary earners

Retired

Total

wage

and

salary

earners

Managers

and

professionals

Technical,

sales

and

clerical

workers

Service

workers

Construction

workers

and mechanics

Operators, fabricators

and

laborers

Number of consumer units (in thousands) ...... 107,182 5,638 70,835 24,480 19,501 8,904 5,387 12,564 19,126 

Percent distribution of consumer units ............ 100.0 5.3 66.1 22.8 18.2 8.3 5.0 11.7 17.8 

Consumer unit characteristics (mean values): 

Income before taxes 1 ................................... $41,622 $49,662 $48,785 $69,263 $41,425 $28,949 $44,856 $36,764 $23,062 

Income after taxes 1 ...................................... 38,358 46,758 44,594 62,164 38,508 27,121 40,900 34,364 22,105 

 Age of reference person ............................... 47.6 47.9 40.9 42.3 39.5 40.1 40.9 41.2 72.8 

Average number in consumer unit:

Persons ....................................................... 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.4 2.6 3.0 3.0 1.8 

 Children under 18 ....................................... .7 .7 .8 .8 .7 .8 1.0 1.0 .1 

 Persons 65 and over ................................... .3 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 1.2 

 Earners ....................................................... 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 .2 

 Vehicles ...................................................... 2.0 2.5 2.1 2.2 1.9 1.7 2.6 2.3 1.6 

Percent distribution:

Sex of reference person:

Male .......................................................... 58 78 62 63 48 50 94 76 53 

 Female ...................................................... 42 22 38 37 52 50 6 24 47 

Housing tenure:

Homeowner ............................................... 64 75 62 73 55 46 69 59 80 

 With mortgage ......................................... 39 50 47 58 41 32 51 39 15 

 Without mortgage .................................... 26 25 15 14 14 14 17 20 65 

 Renter ....................................................... 36 25 38 27 45 54 31 41 20 

Race of reference person:

Black ......................................................... 12 5 12 8 12 20 8 16 9 

 White and other ......................................... 88 95 88 92 88 80 92 84 91 

Education of reference person:

Elementary (1-8) ....................................... 7 4 3 2 ( ) 1 7 5 8 16 

 High school (9-12) ..................................... 39 35 35 14 33 49 57 61 46 

 College ...................................................... 54 60 61 86 65 43 38 31 38 

 Never attended and other ......................... 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 3 ( ) 2 ( ) 1 

At least one vehicle owned or leased ......... 87 95 90 94 88 81 93 90 83 

Annual aggregate expenditures ...................... $3,806,893 6.6 73.7 33.2 18.7 6.7 4.9 10.2 12.4 

Food .............................................................. 514,578 6.7 72.0 29.0 20.0 7.6 4.6 10.8 13.0 

 Food at home .............................................. 297,339 6.5 68.9 25.3 19.2 8.3 4.6 11.5 14.9 

 Cereals and bakery products .................... 45,435 6.4 68.5 25.3 19.6 8.4 4.6 10.7 15.7 

 Cereals and cereal products ................... 15,655 6.6 69.3 25.1 19.6 8.8 4.7 11.2 14.0 

 Bakery products ...................................... 29,780 6.3 68.1 25.4 19.6 8.1 4.5 10.5 16.6 

 Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ................... 77,381 6.4 68.6 23.2 19.3 8.8 4.6 12.8 15.0 

 Beef ......................................................... 23,366 7.1 69.3 23.1 18.6 9.0 4.5 14.0 14.1 

 Pork ......................................................... 15,600 5.7 66.5 20.6 19.3 9.0 4.3 13.3 17.0 

 Other meats ............................................ 9,849 5.4 68.7 22.4 18.5 9.8 4.8 13.3 15.7 

 Poultry ..................................................... 14,635 5.3 71.7 26.1 20.5 8.3 5.3 11.6 13.2 

 Fish and seafood .................................... 10,465 8.2 66.9 25.0 20.3 7.5 4.0 10.2 14.8 

 Eggs ........................................................ 3,466 5.7 66.2 21.1 18.3 8.9 4.5 13.4 17.4 

Dairy products ........................................... 32,242 6.6 68.0 25.1 18.9 8.1 4.6 11.4 15.0 

 Fresh milk and cream ............................. 12,858 6.5 67.0 23.9 18.4 8.5 4.2 12.1 15.3 

 Other dairy products ............................... 19,384 6.7 68.6 25.9 19.2 7.8 4.8 10.9 14.8 

 Fruits and vegetables ................................ 50,484 6.8 67.7 26.3 18.6 8.3 4.4 10.2 16.2 

 Fresh fruits .............................................. 15,944 6.7 67.5 27.4 17.8 8.5 4.0 9.8 16.9 

 Fresh vegetables .................................... 15,509 6.9 67.0 26.4 18.0 8.1 4.3 10.1 16.5 

 Processed fruits ...................................... 10,852 6.8 69.2 26.6 21.3 7.5 4.6 9.2 15.3 

 Processed vegetables ............................. 8,180 7.0 67.5 23.2 17.6 9.2 5.0 12.6 15.3 

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 63. Occupation of reference person: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income, Consumer

Expenditure Survey, 1998 — Continued

(Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Item Aggregate

Selfemployed

workers

Wage and salary earners

Retired

Total

wage

and

salary

earners

Managers

and

professionals

Technical,

sales

and

clerical

workers

Service

workers

Construction

workers

and mechanics

Operators, fabricators

and

laborers

 Other food at home ................................... $91,797 6.3 70.2 26.5 19.4 8.1 4.9 11.4 13.8 

 Sugar and other sweets .......................... 11,677 6.5 69.4 24.9 20.1 8.1 4.7 11.5 15.4 

 Fats and oils ............................................ 8,229 6.6 67.0 23.3 18.9 8.8 4.0 12.0 16.6 

 Miscellaneous foods ............................... 41,491 6.2 71.3 27.3 19.8 8.5 4.8 11.0 13.0 

 Nonalcoholic beverages .......................... 24,684 6.1 70.0 24.3 19.6 8.0 5.6 12.6 13.0 

Food prepared by consumer unit on

out-of-town trips .................................... 5,716 7.7 69.6 37.2 15.1 4.7 4.1 8.5 15.7 

 Food away from home ................................ 217,239 7.1 76.3 34.2 21.1 6.6 4.5 9.9 10.5 

Alcoholic beverages ...................................... 33,058 6.8 75.0 35.2 18.7 6.3 6.0 8.7 12.4 

Housing ......................................................... 1,255,217 6.1 72.9 33.5 18.3 6.9 4.8 9.4 12.7 

 Shelter ......................................................... 716,015 5.9 74.7 34.7 18.9 7.0 4.7 9.3 11.3 

 Owned dwellings ....................................... 454,991 6.4 75.7 39.3 17.5 5.5 5.0 8.4 11.6 

 Mortgage interest and charges ............... 263,117 6.8 82.3 43.1 18.9 5.9 5.6 8.8 4.9 

 Property taxes ......................................... 108,832 6.2 68.1 35.2 15.6 5.3 4.4 7.6 18.8 

Maintenance, repairs, insurance, other

expenses ............................................... 83,042 5.6 64.8 32.6 15.4 4.6 4.1 8.2 23.4 

 Rented dwellings ....................................... 211,972 4.4 73.4 22.8 23.1 10.9 4.5 12.1 9.8 

 Other lodging ............................................ 49,052 7.1 70.3 43.8 14.4 3.9 3.2 5.0 15.5 

Utilities, fuels, and public services .............. 257,743 6.1 68.1 27.0 17.3 7.4 5.3 11.1 16.2 

 Natural gas ................................................ 30,426 5.2 66.6 27.3 17.0 7.4 4.3 10.5 18.4 

 Electricity ................................................... 98,725 6.2 66.8 25.5 16.9 7.2 5.8 11.4 17.2 

 Fuel oil and other fuels .............................. 9,133 7.7 60.2 23.4 14.4 6.8 4.3 11.4 21.3 

 Telephone services ................................... 88,914 6.0 71.3 28.4 18.4 8.1 5.1 11.3 13.0 

 Water and other public services ................ 30,546 6.0 66.4 28.5 16.2 6.2 5.2 10.3 18.9 

 Household operations ................................. 58,495 6.3 73.0 40.0 17.4 4.9 3.8 7.0 14.0 

 Personal services ...................................... 27,827 5.1 81.9 40.5 21.1 5.5 5.4 9.5 7.0 

 Other household expenses ....................... 30,668 7.3 65.0 39.6 14.0 4.3 2.3 4.8 20.3 

Housekeeping supplies ............................... 51,546 7.2 70.4 33.2 18.1 7.0 4.2 8.0 15.1 

 Laundry and cleaning supplies ................. 12,586 7.2 67.8 23.7 18.6 9.0 5.5 11.0 16.5 

 Other household products ......................... 24,850 6.6 73.3 39.2 17.7 5.9 3.7 6.8 13.8 

 Postage and stationery ............................. 14,110 8.3 67.8 31.2 18.3 7.0 3.8 7.4 16.0 

 Household furnishings and equipment ........ 171,418 6.5 73.5 36.1 17.5 6.7 4.7 8.4 12.2 

 Household textiles ..................................... 11,260 7.2 64.6 31.1 17.9 6.3 2.8 6.5 17.4 

 Furniture .................................................... 40,444 5.1 76.8 40.8 16.9 5.4 3.3 10.4 11.6 

 Floor coverings ......................................... 15,459 7.0 72.7 41.9 10.6 10.1 6.2 4.0 12.7 

 Major appliances ....................................... 17,583 6.3 69.7 32.1 14.8 5.3 6.3 11.3 15.1 

Small appliances, miscellaneous

housewares ............................................. 8,572 6.2 74.1 35.5 19.0 7.0 4.7 7.9 14.7 

 Miscellaneous household equipment ........ 78,101 7.2 73.9 34.3 19.7 7.1 5.1 7.9 10.7 

Apparel and services .................................... 179,110 6.4 77.1 32.3 22.4 7.2 4.6 10.5 9.2 

 Men and boys ............................................. 42,659 5.9 78.3 32.7 21.5 7.9 4.8 11.3 7.9 

 Men, 16 and over ...................................... 33,572 5.6 78.6 33.1 22.2 7.8 4.3 11.1 8.4 

 Boys, 2 to 15 ............................................. 9,087 6.7 77.3 31.3 18.8 8.3 6.7 12.1 5.9 

 Women and girls ......................................... 69,691 7.3 76.1 32.6 23.5 6.8 4.2 9.0 10.3 

 Women, 16 and over ................................. 58,618 7.4 75.2 33.1 23.6 6.4 3.8 8.2 11.4 

 Girls, 2 to 15 .............................................. 11,072 6.6 81.2 30.2 22.9 8.9 6.5 12.8 4.5 

 Children under 2 ......................................... 7,799 6.0 76.3 28.8 22.5 6.2 7.7 11.1 5.3 

 Footwear ..................................................... 30,038 6.5 76.1 27.2 22.7 8.5 4.1 13.7 9.2 

 Other apparel products and services .......... 28,923 5.1 78.7 37.1 21.0 6.3 4.8 9.4 9.3 

Transportation ............................................... 709,105 6.0 76.6 32.6 19.1 7.1 5.6 12.3 11.0 

 Vehicle purchases (net outlay) .................... 317,722 5.5 79.2 32.8 19.5 7.5 6.0 13.4 9.7 

 Cars and trucks, new ................................ 148,237 3.9 79.1 37.9 20.7 6.2 5.0 9.3 11.1 

 Cars and trucks, used ............................... 164,243 6.5 79.6 28.4 18.8 8.7 6.8 16.9 8.4 

 Other vehicles ........................................... 5,241 416.8 70.0 25.5 48.7 48.7 47.0 20.2 46.0 

 Gasoline and motor oil ................................ 108,989 6.2 73.8 28.1 18.6 7.2 6.5 13.4 12.1 

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 63. Occupation of reference person: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income, Consumer

Expenditure Survey, 1998 — Continued

(Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Item Aggregate

Selfemployed

workers

Wage and salary earners

Retired

Total

wage

and

salary

earners

Managers

and

professionals

Technical,

sales

and

clerical

workers

Service

workers

Construction

workers

and mechanics

Operators, fabricators

and

laborers

 Other vehicle expenses .............................. $236,385 6.4 75.7 32.9 19.4 6.7 5.2 11.5 11.4 

 Vehicle finance charges ............................ 34,212 6.3 81.5 30.8 21.4 7.8 6.8 14.6 6.1 

 Maintenance and repairs .......................... 68,665 7.4 72.7 30.4 19.1 6.7 5.0 11.4 13.6 

 Vehicle insurance ...................................... 79,166 5.7 73.3 30.2 19.0 6.7 5.5 11.8 13.7 

Vehicle rental, leases, licenses, other

charges ................................................... 54,341 6.1 79.6 41.4 19.1 6.0 4.1 8.9 8.4 

 Public transportation ................................... 46,010 6.6 70.0 40.7 15.2 5.2 2.6 6.3 16.3 

Health care .................................................... 203,911 7.4 57.4 25.9 14.2 4.7 4.2 8.4 27.2 

 Health insurance ......................................... 97,878 7.8 55.8 24.5 14.2 4.5 4.0 8.5 28.4 

 Medical services ......................................... 58,109 7.6 64.7 31.4 15.0 4.8 5.3 8.2 20.9 

 Drugs .......................................................... 37,029 6.8 48.5 19.6 12.6 4.8 3.3 8.2 35.0 

 Medical supplies ......................................... 10,895 5.1 63.2 30.1 16.2 5.2 3.8 8.0 23.7 

Entertainment ................................................ 186,973 6.5 75.5 35.2 19.9 6.0 4.6 9.8 11.5 

 Fees and admissions .................................. 48,082 6.7 74.9 41.5 17.8 4.8 3.9 6.9 12.9 

 Television, radios, sound equipment .......... 57,273 6.2 74.2 29.6 20.5 7.7 4.8 11.5 12.1 

 Pets, toys, and playground equipment ........ 35,275 7.1 72.0 30.1 20.6 6.2 5.2 9.8 12.3 

Other entertainment supplies, equipment,

and services .............................................. 46,343 6.1 80.6 39.6 20.6 4.8 4.7 10.8 8.5 

Personal care products and services ............ 42,876 7.9 70.3 30.8 20.7 6.6 3.5 8.8 15.1 

Reading ......................................................... 17,250 6.9 68.1 36.0 16.8 4.9 3.9 6.5 18.3 

Education ...................................................... 62,137 5.8 79.8 41.0 21.3 5.7 4.3 7.6 3.2 

Tobacco products and smoking supplies ...... 29,260 6.0 70.3 17.7 17.9 9.8 7.7 17.2 10.7 

Miscellaneous ............................................... 92,160 8.5 69.7 28.7 17.5 6.7 5.3 11.5 15.2 

Cash contributions ........................................ 118,899 6.6 63.4 35.5 11.9 3.9 4.1 7.9 22.7 

Personal insurance and pensions ................. 362,358 8.2 84.0 43.1 19.5 5.8 5.1 10.6 3.8 

 Life and other personal insurance ............... 42,709 7.5 67.4 32.9 16.0 4.8 4.3 9.5 17.8 

 Pensions and Social Security ..................... 319,648 8.3 86.2 44.4 19.9 5.9 5.2 10.7 1.9 

Sources of income and personal taxes: 1

Money income before taxes ............................ 3,501,058 5.7 79.0 38.4 18.8 5.9 5.0 10.8 10.0 

 Wages and salaries .................................... 2,766,479 1.8 92.6 45.3 21.9 6.7 6.0 12.7 1.8 

 Self-employment income ............................ 188,347 66.2 28.0 18.9 5.4 .8 1.6 1.2 .7 

 Social Security, private and government

retirement .................................................. 388,481 3.7 18.3 6.1 5.6 2.5 1.0 3.1 67.5 

 Interest, dividends, rental income, other

property income ........................................ 73,280 8.8 40.6 27.3 8.1 2.0 .7 2.6 42.7 

 Unemployment and workers’

compensation, veterans’ benefits ............. 16,228 2.8 59.5 11.9 14.0 8.2 5.9 19.5 8.2 

 Public assistance, supplemental security

income, food stamps ................................. 27,799 .7 36.4 4.7 7.8 12.4 3.6 7.8 10.3 

 Regular contributions for support ................ 21,840 3.2 67.3 24.9 21.9 8.7 2.3 9.5 6.4 

 Other income .............................................. 18,602 6.2 83.0 30.4 28.9 9.8 3.9 10.2 3.8 

Personal taxes .............................................. 274,527 4.2 86.5 50.2 16.9 4.8 5.7 9.0 5.3 

 Federal income taxes .................................. 207,922 4.4 87.2 51.3 16.9 4.6 5.8 8.7 4.6 

 State and local income taxes ...................... 52,981 3.1 89.4 50.0 17.9 5.4 5.5 10.5 3.7 

 Other taxes ................................................. 13,624 6.5 65.0 35.2 12.4 5.3 4.8 7.3 22.3 

Income after taxes ........................................ 3,226,532 5.8 78.3 37.4 18.9 6.0 5.0 10.9 10.4 

1 Components of income and taxes are derived from "complete income

reporters" only; see glossary. 2 Value less than 0.5. 3 No data reported.

4 Data are likely to have large sampling errors.

NOTE: Shares will not add up to 100 due to the deletion of the "all other,

including not reporting" column.