Table 2010. Highest education level of any member: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of variation, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 

Less than college graduate College graduate 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Total 

Less 

than 

high 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

with 

some 

college 

Associate's 

degree Total Bachelor's degree 

Master's, 

professional, 

doctoral 

degree 

Number of consumer units (in thousands) ................................ 131,439 74,123 8,214 24,789 26,769 14,351 57,316 33,374 23,942 

Consumer unit characteristics: 

 Income before taxes 

 Mean ................................................................ $78,635 $51,387 $29,131 $41,259 $57,933 $69,407 $113,874 $96,641 $137,896 

 SE................................................................ 1,412.01 1,439.31 1,693.27 868.89 3,693.76 2,072.67 1,807.45 1,885.91 3,157.04 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.80 2.80 5.81 2.11 6.38 2.99 1.59 1.95 2.29 

 Income after taxes 

 Mean ................................................................ 67,241 46,526 28,392 38,532 51,308 61,793 94,029 81,504 111,488 

 SE................................................................ 996.40 931.22 1,530.43 708.85 2,251.23 1,666.64 1,334.19 1,533.45 2,290.64 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.48 2.00 5.39 1.84 4.39 2.70 1.42 1.88 2.05 

 Age of reference person ................................................................ 51.1 51.7 56.3 53.7 49.1 50.3 50.4 49.5 51.6 

 Average number in consumer unit: 

 People ................................................................................................ 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.6 

 Children under 18 ................................................................ .6 .6 .7 .5 .6 .7 .6 .5 .6 

 Adults 65 and older ................................................................ .4 .4 .4 .5 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 

 Earners ................................................................................................ 1.3 1.1 .8 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 

 Vehicles ................................................................................................ 1.9 1.7 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.2 

Percent distribution: 

 Reference person: 

 Men ................................................................................................ 47 44 43 45 42 45 52 50 53 

 Women ................................................................................................ 53 56 57 55 58 55 48 50 47 

 Housing tenure: 

 Homeowner ................................................................ 63 56 42 54 56 68 73 70 77 

 With mortgage ................................................................ 37 29 14 23 31 41 48 46 51 

 Without mortgage ................................................................ 26 28 28 31 25 27 25 24 25 

 Renter ................................................................................................ 37 44 58 46 44 32 27 30 23 

 Race of reference person: 

 Black or African-American ................................................................ 13 16 15 17 16 14 10 11 9 

 White, Asian, and all other races ................................ 87 84 85 83 84 86 90 89 91 

 Hispanic or Latino origin of reference person: 

 Hispanic or Latino ................................................................ 13 17 36 16 16 10 8 9 8 

 Not Hispanic or Latino ................................................................ 87 83 64 84 84 90 92 91 92 

 Education of reference person: 

 Elementary (1-8)................................................................ 3 5 31 3 2 ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) 

 High school (9-12) ................................................................ 30 48 65 97 16 14 5 7 3 

 College ................................................................................................ 67 46 n.a. n.a. 82 85 94 92 97 

 Never attended and other ................................................................ ( 1 ) ( 1 ) 3 ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) 

 At least one vehicle owned or leased ................................ 88 85 70 81 87 94 93 92 94 

Average annual expenditures 

 Mean ................................................................ $61,224 $45,064 $30,285 $38,173 $48,164 $59,252 $81,923 $72,264 $95,446 

 SE................................................................ 775.65 588.11 1,220.83 629.96 1,022.65 1,140.06 1,185.60 1,429.18 1,626.65 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.27 1.31 4.03 1.65 2.12 1.92 1.45 1.98 1.70 

 Food 

 Mean ................................................................ 7,923 6,314 4,998 5,472 6,630 7,736 9,912 9,145 11,010 

 Share ................................................................ 12.9 14.0 16.5 14.3 13.8 13.1 12.1 12.7 11.5 

 SE................................................................ 107.65 127.63 437.42 212.41 155.03 217.79 162.25 223.70 240.66 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.36 2.02 8.75 3.88 2.34 2.82 1.64 2.45 2.19 

 Food at home 

 Mean ................................................................ 4,464 3,790 3,282 3,448 3,872 4,427 5,292 4,924 5,822 

 Share ................................................................ 7.3 8.4 10.8 9.0 8.0 7.5 6.5 6.8 6.1 

 SE................................................................ 63.69 66.42 225.72 118.39 103.46 135.67 103.11 120.85 170.57 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.43 1.75 6.88 3.43 2.67 3.06 1.95 2.45 2.93 

 Cereals and bakery products 

 Mean ................................................................ 569 496 432 462 501 568 660 609 732 

 Share ................................................................ .9 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.0 .8 .8 .8 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2010. Highest education level of any member: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of variation, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Less than college graduate College graduate 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Total 

Less 

than 

high 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

with 

some 

college 

Associate's 

degree Total Bachelor's degree 

Master's, 

professional, 

doctoral 

degree 

 Cereals and bakery products 

 SE................................................................ 11.22 12.94 36.06 20.19 18.80 25.38 16.15 20.72 24.46 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.97 2.61 8.34 4.37 3.75 4.47 2.45 3.40 3.34 

 Cereals and cereal products 

 Mean ................................................................ 178 148 132 146 146 163 213 195 240 

 Share ................................................................ .3 .3 .4 .4 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 

 SE................................................................ 3.91 4.72 13.55 8.58 8.72 8.62 6.44 7.16 11.05 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.20 3.18 10.23 5.87 5.97 5.27 3.02 3.67 4.61 

 Bakery products 

 Mean ................................................................ 392 347 300 316 355 404 446 414 493 

 Share ................................................................ .6 .8 1.0 .8 .7 .7 .5 .6 .5 

 SE................................................................ 8.65 9.82 28.78 13.90 13.11 20.33 12.14 16.34 17.13 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.21 2.83 9.60 4.40 3.69 5.03 2.72 3.94 3.48 

 Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs 

 Mean ................................................................ 961 849 818 789 852 955 1,097 1,061 1,150 

 Share ................................................................ 1.6 1.9 2.7 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.2 

 SE................................................................ 16.73 19.58 72.47 33.00 35.19 37.00 31.85 37.42 51.99 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.74 2.31 8.86 4.18 4.13 3.88 2.90 3.53 4.52 

 Beef 

 Mean ................................................................ 253 231 196 210 245 256 281 273 294 

 Share ................................................................ .4 .5 .6 .6 .5 .4 .3 .4 .3 

 SE................................................................ 8.78 9.48 25.93 10.47 21.68 14.34 15.94 16.80 23.90 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.46 4.11 13.25 4.98 8.85 5.61 5.67 6.16 8.14 

 Pork 

 Mean ................................................................ 180 176 186 167 177 185 184 182 188 

 Share ................................................................ .3 .4 .6 .4 .4 .3 .2 .3 .2 

 SE................................................................ 5.12 6.42 18.10 8.86 11.68 11.68 7.41 9.43 11.88 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.84 3.64 9.74 5.31 6.59 6.32 4.02 5.17 6.33 

 Other meats 

 Mean ................................................................ 129 116 110 107 104 152 146 135 162 

 Share ................................................................ .2 .3 .4 .3 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 

 SE................................................................ 3.93 5.14 13.69 7.13 6.78 14.47 5.61 5.42 12.55 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.04 4.44 12.39 6.67 6.52 9.50 3.84 4.01 7.75 

 Poultry 

 Mean ................................................................ 180 154 138 145 155 173 212 212 213 

 Share ................................................................ .3 .3 .5 .4 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 

 SE................................................................ 4.32 5.93 14.90 11.75 8.02 11.23 7.12 9.37 10.53 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.39 3.85 10.81 8.08 5.16 6.50 3.35 4.42 4.94 

 Fish and seafood 

 Mean ................................................................ 154 116 134 108 112 129 200 189 215 

 Share ................................................................ .3 .3 .4 .3 .2 .2 .2 .3 .2 

 SE................................................................ 5.93 4.81 26.38 11.08 7.02 11.96 10.68 15.66 12.70 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.86 4.13 19.74 10.31 6.27 9.25 5.35 8.30 5.90 

 Eggs 

 Mean ................................................................ 64 56 55 52 58 59 74 70 79 

 Share ................................................................ .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 

 SE................................................................ 1.64 2.58 4.27 3.24 4.69 4.79 2.22 2.90 3.66 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.56 4.61 7.78 6.29 8.04 8.06 3.02 4.14 4.66 

 Dairy products 

 Mean ................................................................ 449 367 317 325 383 430 550 500 621 

 Share ................................................................ .7 .8 1.0 .9 .8 .7 .7 .7 .7 

 SE................................................................ 7.84 7.76 28.00 11.56 12.58 19.34 14.04 14.23 25.10 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.75 2.11 8.84 3.56 3.29 4.50 2.55 2.85 4.04 

 Fresh milk and cream 

 Mean ................................................................ 147 128 109 120 130 146 169 162 181 

 Share ................................................................ .2 .3 .4 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 

 SE................................................................ 2.84 3.24 6.94 4.98 5.44 7.96 5.02 4.82 8.68 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.94 2.53 6.36 4.16 4.17 5.47 2.96 2.99 4.81 

 Other dairy products 

 Mean ................................................................ 303 239 208 205 252 285 380 338 441 

 Share ................................................................ .5 .5 .7 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 

 SE................................................................ 5.99 5.89 25.43 9.10 8.88 13.99 10.44 11.11 18.67 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.98 2.46 12.24 4.43 3.52 4.92 2.75 3.28 4.24 

 Fruits and vegetables 

 Mean ................................................................ 858 676 628 615 666 811 1,081 970 1,240 

 Share ................................................................ 1.4 1.5 2.1 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 

 SE................................................................ 17.30 18.51 54.02 30.82 28.67 34.28 25.22 29.31 40.22 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.02 2.74 8.60 5.01 4.31 4.23 2.33 3.02 3.24 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2010. Highest education level of any member: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of variation, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Less than college graduate College graduate 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Total 

Less 

than 

high 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

with 

some 

college 

Associate's 

degree Total Bachelor's degree 

Master's, 

professional, 

doctoral 

degree 

 Fresh fruits 

 Mean ................................................................ 318 237 234 211 235 282 417 361 497 

 Share ................................................................ .5 .5 .8 .6 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 

 SE................................................................ 6.62 7.67 22.66 11.15 11.28 15.01 9.79 11.35 16.18 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.08 3.24 9.70 5.28 4.80 5.32 2.35 3.15 3.25 

 Fresh vegetables 

 Mean ................................................................ 283 215 197 198 212 253 366 326 423 

 Share ................................................................ .5 .5 .7 .5 .4 .4 .4 .5 .4 

 SE................................................................ 7.67 7.71 18.57 14.16 13.36 15.30 11.00 11.48 17.83 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.71 3.59 9.40 7.16 6.30 6.04 3.01 3.52 4.21 

 Processed fruits 

 Mean ................................................................ 114 95 76 85 96 118 137 128 150 

 Share ................................................................ .2 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 

 SE................................................................ 3.07 3.14 9.24 5.10 5.69 8.55 5.05 6.90 7.16 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.70 3.30 12.13 5.96 5.93 7.25 3.69 5.37 4.78 

 Processed vegetables 

 Mean ................................................................ 144 129 121 120 122 158 161 156 169 

 Share ................................................................ .2 .3 .4 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 

 SE................................................................ 3.60 4.13 14.83 7.07 7.36 9.92 5.58 7.50 8.92 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.51 3.20 12.23 5.87 6.01 6.28 3.46 4.82 5.27 

 Other food at home 

 Mean ................................................................ 1,627 1,402 1,086 1,257 1,471 1,664 1,904 1,783 2,079 

 Share ................................................................ 2.7 3.1 3.6 3.3 3.1 2.8 2.3 2.5 2.2 

 SE................................................................ 23.07 25.33 79.74 46.28 46.55 57.61 34.25 39.53 61.31 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.42 1.81 7.34 3.68 3.17 3.46 1.80 2.22 2.95 

 Sugar and other sweets 

 Mean ................................................................ 151 125 104 124 121 147 181 173 193 

 Share ................................................................ .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 

 SE................................................................ 3.93 4.52 16.85 7.07 6.62 13.78 6.13 8.54 10.19 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.61 3.60 16.16 5.71 5.49 9.38 3.38 4.94 5.28 

 Fats and oils 

 Mean ................................................................ 118 103 91 101 100 119 135 133 139 

 Share ................................................................ .2 .2 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 

 SE................................................................ 3.41 3.60 8.48 6.12 5.73 7.17 4.89 6.90 6.96 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.90 3.48 9.32 6.08 5.70 6.03 3.61 5.18 5.01 

 Miscellaneous foods 

 Mean ................................................................ 865 736 527 641 785 898 1,023 948 1,131 

 Share ................................................................ 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.2 

 SE................................................................ 13.52 16.75 46.27 30.77 32.96 38.58 19.99 21.67 37.26 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.56 2.28 8.78 4.80 4.20 4.30 1.95 2.28 3.30 

 Nonalcoholic beverages 

 Mean ................................................................ 438 407 350 365 431 457 476 456 504 

 Share ................................................................ .7 .9 1.2 1.0 .9 .8 .6 .6 .5 

 SE................................................................ 8.28 10.12 21.56 15.63 15.67 20.43 11.40 14.81 20.86 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.89 2.49 6.16 4.29 3.63 4.47 2.40 3.25 4.14 

 Food prepared by consumer unit on 

 out-of-town trips 

 Mean ................................................................ 56 31 13 27 34 43 89 73 113 

 Share ................................................................ .1 .1 ( 1 ) .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 

 SE................................................................ 2.62 1.93 2.74 3.43 3.11 4.34 4.61 5.89 6.80 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.64 6.24 20.48 12.78 9.28 10.07 5.16 8.10 6.04 

 Food away from home 

 Mean ................................................................ 3,459 2,524 1,716 2,024 2,758 3,308 4,620 4,221 5,188 

 Share ................................................................ 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.3 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.8 5.4 

 SE................................................................ 62.38 81.96 254.58 137.38 85.49 159.10 98.92 142.62 142.82 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.80 3.25 14.83 6.79 3.10 4.81 2.14 3.38 2.75 

 Alcoholic beverages 

 Mean ................................................................ 583 331 141 253 387 452 894 838 973 

 Share ................................................................ 1.0 .7 .5 .7 .8 .8 1.1 1.2 1.0 

 SE................................................................ 18.53 15.18 30.66 25.14 30.03 37.70 34.49 53.54 73.52 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.18 4.59 21.79 9.95 7.77 8.34 3.86 6.39 7.55 

 Housing 

 Mean ................................................................ 20,091 15,320 11,693 13,808 16,062 18,591 26,234 23,132 30,570 

 Share ................................................................ 32.8 34.0 38.6 36.2 33.3 31.4 32.0 32.0 32.0 

 SE................................................................ 251.42 221.65 369.37 371.86 354.72 374.82 379.38 395.49 632.22 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.25 1.45 3.16 2.69 2.21 2.02 1.45 1.71 2.07 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2010. Highest education level of any member: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of variation, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Less than college graduate College graduate 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Total 

Less 

than 

high 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

with 

some 

college 

Associate's 

degree Total Bachelor's degree 

Master's, 

professional, 

doctoral 

degree 

 Shelter 

 Mean ................................................................ 11,747 8,696 6,854 7,833 9,090 10,507 15,693 13,853 18,258 

 Share ................................................................ 19.2 19.3 22.6 20.5 18.9 17.7 19.2 19.2 19.1 

 SE................................................................ 174.04 135.74 267.16 160.49 222.90 322.34 286.64 322.87 483.90 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.48 1.56 3.90 2.05 2.45 3.07 1.83 2.33 2.65 

 Owned dwellings 

 Mean ................................................................ 6,678 4,128 1,976 3,304 4,486 6,114 9,975 8,401 12,169 

 Share ................................................................ 10.9 9.2 6.5 8.7 9.3 10.3 12.2 11.6 12.8 

 SE................................................................ 136.48 99.29 191.56 131.68 197.48 259.47 259.68 261.13 447.36 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.04 2.41 9.69 3.99 4.40 4.24 2.60 3.11 3.68 

 Mortgage interest and charges 

 Mean ................................................................ 2,775 1,600 630 1,199 1,758 2,554 4,295 3,660 5,180 

 Share ................................................................ 4.5 3.6 2.1 3.1 3.7 4.3 5.2 5.1 5.4 

 SE................................................................ 56.94 42.57 79.10 71.08 73.33 124.13 109.36 123.26 179.86 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.05 2.66 12.55 5.93 4.17 4.86 2.55 3.37 3.47 

 Property taxes 

 Mean ................................................................ 2,200 1,296 679 1,089 1,402 1,806 3,369 2,798 4,165 

 Share ................................................................ 3.6 2.9 2.2 2.9 2.9 3.0 4.1 3.9 4.4 

 SE................................................................ 53.01 46.75 91.77 46.62 116.20 88.04 92.29 99.45 124.54 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.41 3.61 13.52 4.28 8.29 4.87 2.74 3.55 2.99 

 Maintenance, repairs, insurance, other 

 expenses 

 Mean ................................................................ 1,703 1,232 667 1,016 1,326 1,754 2,311 1,944 2,824 

 Share ................................................................ 2.8 2.7 2.2 2.7 2.8 3.0 2.8 2.7 3.0 

 SE................................................................ 76.53 57.57 81.79 81.39 112.71 148.51 154.07 140.52 300.41 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.49 4.67 12.25 8.01 8.50 8.47 6.67 7.23 10.64 

 Rented dwellings 

 Mean ................................................................ 4,249 4,201 4,773 4,268 4,187 3,783 4,311 4,369 4,230 

 Share ................................................................ 6.9 9.3 15.8 11.2 8.7 6.4 5.3 6.0 4.4 

 SE................................................................ 66.68 99.44 288.70 159.52 175.02 177.79 114.45 164.30 188.91 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.57 2.37 6.05 3.74 4.18 4.70 2.65 3.76 4.47 

 Other lodging 

 Mean ................................................................ 821 368 105 262 416 610 1,407 1,084 1,858 

 Share ................................................................ 1.3 .8 .3 .7 .9 1.0 1.7 1.5 1.9 

 SE................................................................ 28.01 17.56 22.85 25.45 42.45 57.64 53.61 63.57 90.75 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.41 4.77 21.78 9.72 10.19 9.45 3.81 5.87 4.88 

 Utilities, fuels, and public services 

 Mean ................................................................ 4,049 3,648 2,788 3,370 3,818 4,306 4,566 4,356 4,860 

 Share ................................................................ 6.6 8.1 9.2 8.8 7.9 7.3 5.6 6.0 5.1 

 SE................................................................ 34.41 35.71 78.53 57.35 79.42 75.76 47.27 60.63 59.45 

 CV(%) ................................................................ .85 .98 2.82 1.70 2.08 1.76 1.04 1.39 1.22 

 Natural gas 

 Mean ................................................................ 410 343 307 330 342 388 497 450 562 

 Share ................................................................ .7 .8 1.0 .9 .7 .7 .6 .6 .6 

 SE................................................................ 11.04 11.76 31.86 14.25 13.25 23.90 13.68 16.46 15.66 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.69 3.43 10.38 4.32 3.88 6.16 2.75 3.66 2.79 

 Electricity 

 Mean ................................................................ 1,496 1,426 1,184 1,353 1,464 1,617 1,587 1,533 1,662 

 Share ................................................................ 2.4 3.2 3.9 3.5 3.0 2.7 1.9 2.1 1.7 

 SE................................................................ 18.13 22.69 47.51 27.75 40.70 38.11 21.85 24.15 29.52 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.21 1.59 4.01 2.05 2.78 2.36 1.38 1.57 1.78 

 Fuel oil and other fuels 

 Mean ................................................................ 121 104 41 116 105 116 144 137 154 

 Share ................................................................ .2 .2 .1 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 

 SE................................................................ 8.66 10.33 8.50 15.32 12.20 15.58 13.08 14.13 19.95 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 7.13 9.95 20.83 13.18 11.64 13.39 9.06 10.28 12.96 

 Telephone services 

 Mean ................................................................ 1,407 1,244 866 1,080 1,343 1,561 1,618 1,547 1,718 

 Share ................................................................ 2.3 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.0 2.1 1.8 

 SE................................................................ 14.67 17.06 39.95 19.47 30.94 46.58 20.03 29.30 22.95 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.04 1.37 4.62 1.80 2.30 2.98 1.24 1.89 1.34 

 Residential phone service, VOIP, and 

 phone cards 

 Mean ................................................................ 220 207 217 221 181 224 236 224 253 

 Share ................................................................ .4 .5 .7 .6 .4 .4 .3 .3 .3 

 SE................................................................ 6.50 8.25 15.51 13.09 9.93 9.72 7.30 8.54 10.55 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.96 3.99 7.14 5.92 5.48 4.34 3.10 3.82 4.17 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2010. Highest education level of any member: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of variation, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Less than college graduate College graduate 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Total 

Less 

than 

high 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

with 

some 

college 

Associate's 

degree Total Bachelor's degree 

Master's, 

professional, 

doctoral 

degree 

 Cellular phone service 

 Mean ................................................................ 1,188 1,037 648 859 1,162 1,337 1,382 1,324 1,464 

 Share ................................................................ 1.9 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.3 1.7 1.8 1.5 

 SE................................................................ 15.50 18.94 42.05 19.85 31.07 48.18 19.08 28.05 22.47 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.31 1.83 6.49 2.31 2.68 3.60 1.38 2.12 1.53 

 Water and other public services 

 Mean ................................................................ 614 532 391 490 564 624 720 687 765 

 Share ................................................................ 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 .9 1.0 .8 

 SE................................................................ 14.38 14.70 23.99 18.53 20.08 23.76 16.73 18.37 20.69 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.34 2.76 6.14 3.78 3.56 3.81 2.32 2.67 2.71 

 Household operations 

 Mean ................................................................ 1,522 877 561 705 953 1,214 2,356 1,796 3,137 

 Share ................................................................ 2.5 1.9 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.9 2.5 3.3 

 SE................................................................ 36.26 24.34 73.25 38.28 35.23 64.13 72.01 56.83 156.19 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.38 2.78 13.07 5.43 3.70 5.28 3.06 3.16 4.98 

 Personal services 

 Mean ................................................................ 472 195 221 126 181 326 830 546 1,227 

 Share ................................................................ .8 .4 .7 .3 .4 .5 1.0 .8 1.3 

 SE................................................................ 28.03 19.85 59.75 34.23 22.15 50.45 63.81 48.12 124.14 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.94 10.18 27.00 27.16 12.27 15.49 7.68 8.82 10.11 

 Other household expenses 

 Mean ................................................................ 1,050 682 339 578 772 888 1,525 1,251 1,909 

 Share ................................................................ 1.7 1.5 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.9 1.7 2.0 

 SE................................................................ 21.47 15.05 25.87 18.35 28.48 31.42 33.80 39.90 64.49 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.04 2.21 7.62 3.17 3.69 3.54 2.22 3.19 3.38 

 Housekeeping supplies 

 Mean ................................................................ 747 638 506 542 729 691 882 792 1,011 

 Share ................................................................ 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 

 SE................................................................ 22.86 31.09 108.36 36.22 77.09 45.51 31.85 31.81 52.50 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.06 4.88 21.43 6.68 10.57 6.58 3.61 4.02 5.19 

 Laundry and cleaning supplies 

 Mean ................................................................ 184 170 137 149 188 188 201 192 214 

 Share ................................................................ .3 .4 .5 .4 .4 .3 .2 .3 .2 

 SE................................................................ 9.24 14.74 20.36 10.31 39.02 14.18 10.58 12.27 15.05 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.03 8.68 14.83 6.92 20.79 7.56 5.27 6.40 7.03 

 Other household products 

 Mean ................................................................ 431 369 297 307 431 394 508 459 578 

 Share ................................................................ .7 .8 1.0 .8 .9 .7 .6 .6 .6 

 SE................................................................ 15.95 24.25 85.84 29.27 60.92 27.94 23.15 22.10 38.71 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.70 6.57 28.87 9.53 14.12 7.10 4.56 4.82 6.69 

 Postage and stationery 

 Mean ................................................................ 132 99 71 86 110 110 173 141 219 

 Share ................................................................ .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 

 SE................................................................ 7.36 8.47 22.64 13.47 12.15 16.71 13.01 9.75 29.60 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.57 8.59 31.83 15.58 11.01 15.15 7.52 6.91 13.51 

 Household furnishings and equipment 

 Mean ................................................................ 2,025 1,461 984 1,358 1,472 1,872 2,737 2,335 3,305 

 Share ................................................................ 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.6 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.5 

 SE................................................................ 83.03 114.45 97.38 315.57 106.30 109.09 96.42 106.35 156.85 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.10 7.83 9.89 23.23 7.22 5.83 3.52 4.55 4.75 

 Household textiles 

 Mean ................................................................ 111 75 50 58 85 95 156 152 162 

 Share ................................................................ .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 

 SE................................................................ 6.38 7.35 14.23 10.52 13.40 20.73 12.60 15.70 16.64 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.75 9.85 28.53 18.05 15.74 21.85 8.07 10.35 10.26 

 Furniture 

 Mean ................................................................ 518 365 289 275 366 561 717 614 860 

 Share ................................................................ .8 .8 1.0 .7 .8 .9 .9 .8 .9 

 SE................................................................ 23.53 23.50 51.00 32.42 31.74 53.34 39.00 43.34 59.00 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.54 6.44 17.62 11.78 8.67 9.51 5.44 7.06 6.86 

 Floor coverings 

 Mean ................................................................ 25 12 5 10 13 19 42 31 58 

 Share ................................................................ ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) .1 ( 1 ) .1 

 SE................................................................ 2.51 1.61 2.14 1.60 3.19 3.91 5.37 5.49 9.82 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 9.90 13.01 40.35 16.07 24.43 20.12 12.79 17.88 17.02 

 Major appliances 

 Mean ................................................................ 304 260 188 227 271 339 359 330 399 

 Share ................................................................ .5 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .4 .5 .4 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2010. Highest education level of any member: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of variation, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Less than college graduate College graduate 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Total 

Less 

than 

high 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

with 

some 

college 

Associate's 

degree Total Bachelor's degree 

Master's, 

professional, 

doctoral 

degree 

 Major appliances 

 SE................................................................ 16.72 14.62 37.43 18.43 23.97 37.53 28.89 39.70 34.38 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.51 5.62 19.91 8.11 8.86 11.07 8.05 12.04 8.61 

 Small appliances, miscellaneous 

 housewares 

 Mean ................................................................ 118 89 97 85 86 98 155 125 198 

 Share ................................................................ .2 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 

 SE................................................................ 7.07 6.01 29.16 12.84 10.12 9.04 12.96 8.26 29.05 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.97 6.74 30.06 15.10 11.70 9.28 8.36 6.60 14.70 

 Miscellaneous household equipment 

 Mean ................................................................ 948 659 355 703 651 760 1,308 1,084 1,628 

 Share ................................................................ 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.8 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.7 

 SE................................................................ 74.14 110.67 56.50 305.63 109.86 78.08 76.69 69.10 145.76 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 7.82 16.78 15.93 43.50 16.88 10.27 5.86 6.38 8.95 

 Apparel and services 

 Mean ................................................................ 1,866 1,333 1,150 1,101 1,426 1,630 2,527 2,299 2,851 

 Share ................................................................ 3.0 3.0 3.8 2.9 3.0 2.8 3.1 3.2 3.0 

 SE................................................................ 51.41 52.04 178.44 81.34 89.95 103.83 100.27 157.54 126.28 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.75 3.90 15.52 7.39 6.31 6.37 3.97 6.85 4.43 

 Men and boys 

 Mean ................................................................ 420 301 323 254 313 347 568 526 628 

 Share ................................................................ .7 .7 1.1 .7 .6 .6 .7 .7 .7 

 SE................................................................ 19.61 20.13 74.00 36.05 25.74 36.48 35.98 51.62 54.86 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.67 6.68 22.94 14.18 8.22 10.52 6.34 9.82 8.74 

 Men, 16 and over 

 Mean ................................................................ 337 235 264 204 248 251 463 434 503 

 Share ................................................................ .6 .5 .9 .5 .5 .4 .6 .6 .5 

 SE................................................................ 18.60 19.52 70.14 33.97 20.85 36.59 32.88 48.84 51.59 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.52 8.29 26.56 16.64 8.42 14.60 7.10 11.24 10.25 

 Boys, 2 to 15 

 Mean ................................................................ 83 66 59 50 65 96 105 91 124 

 Share ................................................................ .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 

 SE................................................................ 4.22 4.69 13.64 5.81 11.82 10.76 8.81 10.48 15.14 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.07 7.13 23.31 11.60 18.10 11.20 8.39 11.47 12.17 

 Women and girls 

 Mean ................................................................ 755 510 338 400 570 663 1,056 1,001 1,134 

 Share ................................................................ 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.2 

 SE................................................................ 25.60 24.30 62.61 42.09 49.11 63.21 48.30 70.12 55.37 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.39 4.76 18.52 10.52 8.61 9.54 4.58 7.01 4.88 

 Women, 16 and over 

 Mean ................................................................ 638 430 272 326 501 545 893 829 987 

 Share ................................................................ 1.0 1.0 .9 .9 1.0 .9 1.1 1.1 1.0 

 SE................................................................ 22.36 22.56 57.03 34.37 47.29 62.91 43.42 61.99 48.80 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.51 5.25 20.93 10.55 9.44 11.54 4.86 7.48 4.95 

 Girls, 2 to 15 

 Mean ................................................................ 117 81 66 74 69 118 162 172 148 

 Share ................................................................ .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 

 SE................................................................ 9.09 7.14 15.11 18.19 6.15 15.07 17.67 25.85 17.00 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 7.76 8.85 23.01 24.52 8.86 12.80 10.89 15.01 11.49 

 Children under 2 

 Mean ................................................................ 78 73 70 72 66 88 84 85 84 

 Share ................................................................ .1 .2 .2 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 

 SE................................................................ 7.01 9.94 28.89 20.22 12.34 13.85 8.75 10.01 13.95 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 8.98 13.65 41.38 28.05 18.78 15.77 10.36 11.83 16.54 

 Footwear 

 Mean ................................................................ 392 311 303 246 339 369 490 444 557 

 Share ................................................................ .6 .7 1.0 .6 .7 .6 .6 .6 .6 

 SE................................................................ 16.88 24.33 62.85 32.95 39.21 51.13 31.42 52.98 53.18 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.31 7.82 20.73 13.39 11.58 13.87 6.41 11.94 9.54 

 Other apparel products and services 

 Mean ................................................................ 222 138 116 129 138 165 329 244 447 

 Share ................................................................ .4 .3 .4 .3 .3 .3 .4 .3 .5 

 SE................................................................ 13.27 10.26 15.59 21.48 11.92 21.69 27.33 22.23 55.17 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.98 7.42 13.41 16.69 8.61 13.17 8.32 9.12 12.33 

 Transportation 

 Mean ................................................................ 9,761 7,842 4,580 6,716 8,279 10,811 12,232 11,300 13,534 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2010. Highest education level of any member: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of variation, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Less than college graduate College graduate 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Total 

Less 

than 

high 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

with 

some 

college 

Associate's 

degree Total Bachelor's degree 

Master's, 

professional, 

doctoral 

degree 

 Transportation 

 Share ................................................................ 15.9 17.4 15.1 17.6 17.2 18.2 14.9 15.6 14.2 

 SE................................................................ 226.33 229.94 426.32 300.59 364.62 578.74 366.34 532.79 560.73 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.32 2.93 9.31 4.48 4.40 5.35 2.99 4.72 4.14 

 Vehicle purchases (net outlay) 

 Mean ................................................................ 3,975 3,269 1,573 2,902 3,383 4,660 4,888 4,517 5,404 

 Share ................................................................ 6.5 7.3 5.2 7.6 7.0 7.9 6.0 6.3 5.7 

 SE................................................................ 186.52 189.88 335.74 272.46 305.08 494.29 315.49 481.78 514.12 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.69 5.81 21.35 9.39 9.02 10.61 6.45 10.67 9.51 

 Cars and trucks, new 

 Mean ................................................................ 1,825 1,091 219 1,114 1,279 1,198 2,775 2,307 3,428 

 Share ................................................................ 3.0 2.4 .7 2.9 2.7 2.0 3.4 3.2 3.6 

 SE................................................................ 124.23 117.19 132.20 200.13 187.13 245.73 221.54 329.13 401.06 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 6.81 10.74 60.36 17.96 14.63 20.50 7.98 14.27 11.70 

 Cars and trucks, used 

 Mean ................................................................ 2,084 2,116 1,318 1,744 2,015 3,402 2,043 2,136 1,912 

 Share ................................................................ 3.4 4.7 4.4 4.6 4.2 5.7 2.5 3.0 2.0 

 SE................................................................ 111.39 138.20 326.32 158.91 231.73 403.08 188.96 288.38 238.27 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.35 6.53 24.75 9.11 11.50 11.85 9.25 13.50 12.46 

 Other vehicles 

 Mean ................................................................ 66 62 35 44 89 59 70 74 64 

 Share ................................................................ .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 

 SE................................................................ 12.29 15.43 24.60 22.50 33.04 37.81 17.51 32.62 32.20 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 18.77 24.75 70.03 51.20 36.98 63.64 25.17 44.19 50.58 

 Gasoline, other fuels, and motor oil 

 Mean ................................................................ 2,109 1,899 1,243 1,659 1,981 2,538 2,379 2,341 2,433 

 Share ................................................................ 3.4 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.1 4.3 2.9 3.2 2.5 

 SE................................................................ 23.33 27.37 66.20 42.96 41.85 74.15 30.04 40.72 44.26 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.11 1.44 5.33 2.59 2.11 2.92 1.26 1.74 1.82 

 Other vehicle expenses 

 Mean ................................................................ 2,859 2,306 1,330 1,901 2,522 3,123 3,565 3,396 3,802 

 Share ................................................................ 4.7 5.1 4.4 5.0 5.2 5.3 4.4 4.7 4.0 

 SE................................................................ 64.92 69.96 110.41 107.97 126.38 165.31 117.72 158.59 149.45 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.27 3.03 8.30 5.68 5.01 5.29 3.30 4.67 3.93 

 Vehicle finance charges 

 Mean ................................................................ 222 200 106 160 226 274 250 247 254 

 Share ................................................................ .4 .4 .4 .4 .5 .5 .3 .3 .3 

 SE................................................................ 6.70 8.58 16.15 12.67 12.51 22.51 9.13 12.43 10.51 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.02 4.29 15.19 7.90 5.54 8.22 3.65 5.04 4.14 

 Maintenance and repairs 

 Mean ................................................................ 890 720 453 587 763 1,023 1,107 1,028 1,217 

 Share ................................................................ 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.3 

 SE................................................................ 19.99 18.86 45.92 28.69 34.33 47.03 36.33 39.22 58.93 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.25 2.62 10.13 4.89 4.50 4.60 3.28 3.81 4.84 

 Vehicle insurance 

 Mean ................................................................ 976 869 550 768 928 1,078 1,107 1,108 1,106 

 Share ................................................................ 1.6 1.9 1.8 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.4 1.5 1.2 

 SE................................................................ 53.42 59.11 100.17 88.90 93.51 167.48 93.30 120.37 135.09 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.47 6.80 18.21 11.58 10.07 15.54 8.43 10.86 12.22 

 Vehicle rental, leases, licenses, and other 

 charges 

 Mean ................................................................ 772 517 220 385 605 748 1,101 1,012 1,225 

 Share ................................................................ 1.3 1.1 .7 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 

 SE................................................................ 22.58 27.54 30.82 32.91 49.95 68.16 40.50 53.40 48.30 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.93 5.33 13.98 8.55 8.26 9.11 3.68 5.27 3.94 

 Public and other transportation 

 Mean ................................................................ 818 368 435 254 394 490 1,400 1,045 1,895 

 Share ................................................................ 1.3 .8 1.4 .7 .8 .8 1.7 1.4 2.0 

 SE................................................................ 27.10 31.50 186.28 19.42 40.56 45.61 40.75 56.65 66.39 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.31 8.56 42.86 7.65 10.31 9.31 2.91 5.42 3.50 

 Healthcare 

 Mean ................................................................ 4,968 3,869 2,601 3,547 3,935 5,024 6,387 5,919 7,041 

 Share ................................................................ 8.1 8.6 8.6 9.3 8.2 8.5 7.8 8.2 7.4 

 SE................................................................ 72.42 77.37 140.22 100.28 116.85 182.70 106.70 140.79 151.27 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.46 2.00 5.39 2.83 2.97 3.64 1.67 2.38 2.15 

 Health insurance 

 Mean ................................................................ 3,405 2,688 1,840 2,551 2,679 3,428 4,332 4,028 4,755 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2010. Highest education level of any member: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of variation, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Less than college graduate College graduate 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Total 

Less 

than 

high 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

with 

some 

college 

Associate's 

degree Total Bachelor's degree 

Master's, 

professional, 

doctoral 

degree 

 Health insurance 

 Share ................................................................ 5.6 6.0 6.1 6.7 5.6 5.8 5.3 5.6 5.0 

 SE................................................................ 49.65 57.59 83.41 79.64 93.92 131.43 68.13 97.17 97.77 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.46 2.14 4.53 3.12 3.51 3.83 1.57 2.41 2.06 

 Medical services 

 Mean ................................................................ 909 643 372 510 685 952 1,252 1,155 1,386 

 Share ................................................................ 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 

 SE................................................................ 30.52 35.07 71.68 47.03 43.16 80.96 52.29 66.21 60.34 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.36 5.45 19.29 9.23 6.30 8.50 4.18 5.73 4.35 

 Drugs 

 Mean ................................................................ 483 413 310 389 429 480 572 533 628 

 Share ................................................................ .8 .9 1.0 1.0 .9 .8 .7 .7 .7 

 SE................................................................ 12.48 14.81 30.47 21.80 24.84 33.40 18.56 21.44 30.86 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.58 3.59 9.83 5.61 5.79 6.96 3.24 4.02 4.91 

 Medical supplies 

 Mean ................................................................ 172 125 79 98 142 164 232 203 272 

 Share ................................................................ .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 

 SE................................................................ 7.88 7.76 18.06 10.72 11.65 14.89 12.22 14.13 18.46 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.59 6.22 22.87 10.94 8.21 9.08 5.27 6.95 6.79 

 Entertainment 

 Mean ................................................................ 3,226 2,395 1,138 1,776 2,492 3,951 4,286 3,912 4,808 

 Share ................................................................ 5.3 5.3 3.8 4.7 5.2 6.7 5.2 5.4 5.0 

 SE................................................................ 96.38 135.00 155.24 108.85 183.70 593.35 125.58 159.62 205.94 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.99 5.64 13.64 6.13 7.37 15.02 2.93 4.08 4.28 

 Fees and admissions 

 Mean ................................................................ 766 349 90 177 440 615 1,303 964 1,777 

 Share ................................................................ 1.3 .8 .3 .5 .9 1.0 1.6 1.3 1.9 

 SE................................................................ 31.33 22.40 18.08 13.06 48.55 59.74 55.38 52.74 88.95 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.09 6.42 20.07 7.40 11.03 9.72 4.25 5.47 5.01 

 Audio and visual equipment and services 

 Mean ................................................................ 1,030 884 601 797 936 1,093 1,217 1,186 1,258 

 Share ................................................................ 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.5 1.6 1.3 

 SE................................................................ 17.58 21.87 35.88 33.84 32.46 45.87 23.44 33.09 33.33 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.71 2.47 5.97 4.25 3.47 4.20 1.93 2.79 2.65 

 Pets, toys, hobbies, and playground 

 equipment 

 Mean ................................................................ 816 626 349 504 649 920 1,054 1,013 1,112 

 Share ................................................................ 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.3 1.4 1.2 

 SE................................................................ 42.99 53.48 140.23 49.34 56.46 151.38 68.75 82.78 111.62 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.27 8.55 40.17 9.80 8.70 16.46 6.52 8.17 10.03 

 Pets 

 Mean ................................................................ 662 505 276 382 536 763 859 828 904 

 Share ................................................................ 1.1 1.1 .9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.1 .9 

 SE................................................................ 43.19 51.49 130.29 40.10 55.77 151.39 70.44 84.38 106.08 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 6.52 10.20 47.17 10.49 10.41 19.85 8.20 10.19 11.74 

 Toys, hobbies, and playground equipment 

 Mean ................................................................ 154 121 73 121 114 157 194 185 208 

 Share ................................................................ .3 .3 .2 .3 .2 .3 .2 .3 .2 

 SE................................................................ 9.04 11.07 20.01 23.08 13.78 21.37 14.92 21.33 25.31 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.87 9.16 27.48 19.04 12.14 13.62 7.67 11.56 12.14 

 Other entertainment supplies, equipment, 

 and services 

 Mean ................................................................ 614 537 98 299 466 1,324 712 749 661 

 Share ................................................................ 1.0 1.2 .3 .8 1.0 2.2 .9 1.0 .7 

 SE................................................................ 95.39 147.07 29.06 87.81 163.06 664.99 94.24 121.91 134.44 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 15.54 27.41 29.71 29.35 35.00 50.23 13.23 16.28 20.33 

 Personal care products and services 

 Mean ................................................................ 768 554 390 435 600 751 1,040 957 1,156 

 Share ................................................................ 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 

 SE................................................................ 18.96 18.22 30.34 25.18 23.33 41.29 25.29 29.88 35.95 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.47 3.29 7.77 5.79 3.89 5.50 2.43 3.12 3.11 

 Reading 

 Mean ................................................................ 108 69 26 59 82 84 158 121 209 

 Share ................................................................ .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 

 SE................................................................ 6.57 5.56 6.10 6.76 11.75 11.35 12.04 11.09 19.13 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2010. Highest education level of any member: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of variation, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Less than college graduate College graduate 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Total 

Less 

than 

high 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

with 

some 

college 

Associate's 

degree Total Bachelor's degree 

Master's, 

professional, 

doctoral 

degree 

 Reading 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 6.08 8.09 23.41 11.41 14.30 13.57 7.64 9.14 9.15 

 Education 

 Mean ................................................................ 1,407 557 117 217 861 831 2,505 1,857 3,408 

 Share ................................................................ 2.3 1.2 .4 .6 1.8 1.4 3.1 2.6 3.6 

 SE................................................................ 86.08 67.45 43.53 37.73 138.68 161.20 158.91 173.38 270.32 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 6.12 12.10 37.05 17.42 16.10 19.40 6.34 9.34 7.93 

 Tobacco products and smoking supplies 

 Mean ................................................................ 347 462 333 473 478 490 197 234 145 

 Share ................................................................ .6 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.0 .8 .2 .3 .2 

 SE................................................................ 13.89 22.00 36.69 34.45 31.95 41.26 13.96 18.23 17.86 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.01 4.76 11.01 7.28 6.69 8.42 7.09 7.79 12.29 

 Miscellaneous 

 Mean ................................................................ 993 740 375 503 833 1,175 1,319 1,189 1,500 

 Share ................................................................ 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.3 1.7 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.6 

 SE................................................................ 58.29 67.73 73.31 46.77 97.75 258.05 81.49 91.35 132.24 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.87 9.16 19.56 9.30 11.73 21.96 6.18 7.68 8.81 

 Cash contributions 

 Mean ................................................................ 1,888 1,095 598 823 1,357 1,363 2,912 2,079 4,074 

 Share ................................................................ 3.1 2.4 2.0 2.2 2.8 2.3 3.6 2.9 4.3 

 SE................................................................ 90.75 64.02 75.19 58.40 114.51 146.30 166.32 166.21 376.20 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.81 5.84 12.58 7.10 8.44 10.74 5.71 7.99 9.23 

 Personal insurance and pensions 

 Mean ................................................................ 7,296 4,183 2,143 2,991 4,742 6,363 11,321 9,281 14,165 

 Share ................................................................ 11.9 9.3 7.1 7.8 9.8 10.7 13.8 12.8 14.8 

 SE................................................................ 161.31 116.04 236.52 83.74 190.49 323.11 282.19 281.57 642.13 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.21 2.77 11.04 2.80 4.02 5.08 2.49 3.03 4.53 

 Life and other personal insurance 

 Mean ................................................................ 465 305 154 267 318 432 672 524 878 

 Share ................................................................ .8 .7 .5 .7 .7 .7 .8 .7 .9 

 SE................................................................ 21.30 16.14 24.59 21.46 20.11 44.32 35.76 34.82 59.26 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.58 5.30 15.94 8.04 6.33 10.26 5.32 6.64 6.75 

 Pensions and Social Security 

 Mean ................................................................ 6,831 3,878 1,989 2,724 4,425 5,931 10,649 8,757 13,287 

 Share ................................................................ 11.2 8.6 6.6 7.1 9.2 10.0 13.0 12.1 13.9 

 SE................................................................ 153.96 108.60 246.27 83.76 181.12 295.53 275.18 271.33 649.77 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.25 2.80 12.38 3.07 4.09 4.98 2.58 3.10 4.89 

Sources of income and personal taxes: 

 Money income before taxes 

 Mean ................................................................ $78,635 $51,387 $29,131 $41,259 $57,933 $69,407 $113,874 $96,641 $137,896 

 SE................................................................ 1,412.01 1,439.31 1,693.27 868.89 3,693.76 2,072.67 1,807.45 1,885.91 3,157.04 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.80 2.80 5.81 2.11 6.38 2.99 1.59 1.95 2.29 

 Wages and salaries 

 Mean ................................................................ 61,557 37,752 18,525 27,711 43,563 55,261 92,341 78,148 112,126 

 Share ................................................................ 78.3 73.5 63.6 67.2 75.2 79.6 81.1 80.9 81.3 

 SE................................................................ 1,071.54 1,152.21 1,548.00 909.82 2,796.12 1,989.23 1,392.40 1,734.31 2,748.80 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.74 3.05 8.36 3.28 6.42 3.60 1.51 2.22 2.45 

 Self-employment income 

 Mean ................................................................ 5,232 3,022 1,872 2,017 3,968 3,651 8,091 6,518 10,282 

 Share ................................................................ 6.7 5.9 6.4 4.9 6.8 5.3 7.1 6.7 7.5 

 SE................................................................ 350.75 322.23 641.31 293.17 690.24 576.03 568.61 592.84 972.25 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 6.70 10.66 34.26 14.53 17.40 15.78 7.03 9.09 9.46 

 Social Security, private and government 

 retirement 

 Mean ................................................................ 8,664 8,185 6,767 9,093 7,648 8,430 9,284 8,633 10,191 

 Share ................................................................ 11.0 15.9 23.2 22.0 13.2 12.1 8.2 8.9 7.4 

 SE................................................................ 166.48 182.37 443.48 415.49 291.99 446.75 360.08 516.17 456.06 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.92 2.23 6.55 4.57 3.82 5.30 3.88 5.98 4.48 

 Interest, dividends, rental income, other 

 property income 

 Mean ................................................................ 1,941 1,029 381 1,033 1,332 827 3,121 2,278 4,296 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2010. Highest education level of any member: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of variation, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Less than college graduate College graduate 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Total 

Less 

than 

high 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

with 

some 

college 

Associate's 

degree Total Bachelor's degree 

Master's, 

professional, 

doctoral 

degree 

 Interest, dividends, rental income, other 

 property income 

 Share ................................................................ 2.5 2.0 1.3 2.5 2.3 1.2 2.7 2.4 3.1 

 SE................................................................ 162.52 189.32 126.42 297.85 411.86 140.93 242.70 251.76 469.50 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 8.37 18.40 33.22 28.85 30.91 17.05 7.78 11.05 10.93 

 Public assistance, Supplemental Security 

 Income, Supplementary Nutrition 

 Assistance Program (SNAP) 

 Mean ................................................................ 450 665 1,166 819 526 374 172 220 106 

 Share ................................................................ .6 1.3 4.0 2.0 .9 .5 .2 .2 .1 

 SE................................................................ 20.41 31.67 106.33 52.70 44.85 44.04 20.74 33.10 15.54 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.53 4.76 9.12 6.44 8.52 11.78 12.04 15.06 14.67 

 Unemployment and workers' compensation, 

 veterans' benefits, and regular 

 contributions for support 

 Mean ................................................................ 477 410 171 310 459 630 563 565 559 

 Share ................................................................ .6 .8 .6 .8 .8 .9 .5 .6 .4 

 SE................................................................ 34.99 35.06 55.99 70.40 58.99 130.22 67.73 93.06 110.22 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 7.34 8.55 32.74 22.71 12.86 20.68 12.04 16.46 19.72 

 Other income 

 Mean ................................................................ 314 323 250 275 437 235 302 278 335 

 Share ................................................................ .4 .6 .9 .7 .8 .3 .3 .3 .2 

 SE................................................................ 29.74 39.35 45.05 55.46 79.43 66.46 38.85 48.39 60.61 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 9.48 12.18 17.99 20.15 18.17 28.32 12.87 17.41 18.08 

 Personal taxes (contains some imputed 

 values) 

 Mean ................................................................ 11,394 4,860 739 2,726 6,625 7,613 19,845 15,136 26,408 

 Share ................................................................ 14.5 9.5 2.5 6.6 11.4 11.0 17.4 15.7 19.2 

 SE................................................................ 448.15 553.68 273.42 205.95 1,507.98 465.90 515.94 441.93 948.85 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.93 11.39 37.00 7.55 22.76 6.12 2.60 2.92 3.59 

 Federal income taxes 

 Mean ................................................................ 9,032 3,731 450 2,009 5,183 5,875 15,888 11,963 21,359 

 Share ................................................................ 11.5 7.3 1.5 4.9 8.9 8.5 14.0 12.4 15.5 

 SE................................................................ 356.41 454.10 234.44 164.49 1,234.81 374.07 399.97 348.60 745.08 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 3.95 12.17 52.15 8.19 23.82 6.37 2.52 2.91 3.49 

 State and local income taxes 

 Mean ................................................................ 2,285 1,091 271 693 1,395 1,679 3,829 3,007 4,973 

 Share ................................................................ 2.9 2.1 .9 1.7 2.4 2.4 3.4 3.1 3.6 

 SE................................................................ 114.73 113.20 58.59 57.69 289.89 132.57 153.65 127.96 251.75 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 5.02 10.38 21.59 8.32 20.78 7.90 4.01 4.25 5.06 

 Other taxes 

 Mean ................................................................ 78 39 18 24 47 60 129 166 76 

 Share ................................................................ .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 

 SE................................................................ 25.84 6.51 6.13 5.48 9.63 12.58 57.05 93.18 19.64 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 33.20 16.84 33.99 22.54 20.49 21.11 44.38 56.03 25.87 

 Income after taxes 

 Mean ................................................................ 67,241 46,526 28,392 38,532 51,308 61,793 94,029 81,504 111,488 

 Share ................................................................ 85.5 90.5 97.5 93.4 88.6 89.0 82.6 84.3 80.8 

 SE................................................................ 996.40 931.22 1,530.43 708.85 2,251.23 1,666.64 1,334.19 1,533.45 2,290.64 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.48 2.00 5.39 1.84 4.39 2.70 1.42 1.88 2.05 

Addenda: 

 Net change in total assets and liabilities 

 Mean ................................................................ $12,679 $2,320 $961 $225 $2,430 $6,511 $26,075 $21,573 $32,351 

 SE................................................................ 1,543.94 1,197.60 1,108.19 1,900.68 1,666.92 4,571.18 2,932.43 5,832.06 6,306.92 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 12.18 51.62 115.28 844.10 68.59 70.21 11.25 27.03 19.50 

 Net change in total assets 

 Mean ................................................................ 22,521 8,179 2,392 6,766 8,386 13,543 41,068 33,836 51,150 

 SE................................................................ 1,621.24 1,178.79 1,216.21 1,585.55 1,538.59 4,411.46 3,222.97 6,136.73 6,601.76 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 7.20 14.41 50.86 23.43 18.35 32.57 7.85 18.14 12.91 

 Net change in total liabilities 

 Mean ................................................................ 9,842 5,858 1,430 6,541 5,956 7,033 14,993 12,263 18,799 

 SE................................................................ 1,101.88 881.37 986.36 1,472.23 1,285.73 1,763.88 1,853.63 1,741.33 3,080.33 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 11.20 15.04 68.97 22.51 21.59 25.08 12.36 14.20 16.39 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2010. Highest education level of any member: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of variation, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Less than college graduate College graduate 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Total 

Less 

than 

high 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

with 

some 

college 

Associate's 

degree Total Bachelor's degree 

Master's, 

professional, 

doctoral 

degree 

 Other financial information: 

 Other money receipts 

 Mean ................................................................ 701 398 158 317 432 609 1,093 1,177 977 

 SE................................................................ 74.66 63.07 66.03 106.92 118.35 151.02 165.41 247.77 257.15 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 10.65 15.86 41.72 33.70 27.38 24.78 15.13 21.05 26.33 

 Mortgage principal paid on owned property 

 Mean ................................................................ -2,227 -1,302 -581 -972 -1,373 -2,152 -3,422 -2,687 -4,446 

 SE................................................................ 58.49 52.55 114.62 94.77 78.25 185.69 110.94 110.55 210.71 

 CV(%) ................................................................ -2.63 -4.04 -19.72 -9.75 -5.70 -8.63 -3.24 -4.11 -4.74 

 Estimated market value of owned home 

 Mean ................................................................ 198,612 122,824 65,934 101,840 139,370 160,768 296,625 247,901 364,542 

 SE................................................................ 4,260.13 4,603.92 7,914.05 4,303.87 12,762.29 6,809.75 7,024.41 8,504.17 12,213.92 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 2.14 3.75 12.00 4.23 9.16 4.24 2.37 3.43 3.35 

 Estimated monthly rental value of owned 

 home 

 Mean ................................................................ 1,071 728 413 634 784 964 1,515 1,325 1,780 

 SE................................................................ 11.00 11.66 25.57 15.91 28.99 29.62 24.56 29.62 39.94 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 1.03 1.60 6.19 2.51 3.70 3.07 1.62 2.24 2.24 

 Gifts of goods and services, total 

 Mean ................................................................ 1,206 713 412 555 825 936 1,836 1,343 2,526 

 SE................................................................ 48.73 45.81 77.41 64.86 105.42 96.68 96.54 104.95 177.21 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 4.04 6.43 18.77 11.68 12.77 10.33 5.26 7.81 7.02 

 Food 

 Mean ................................................................ 91 43 20 37 54 43 152 110 210 

 SE................................................................ 7.84 4.17 9.05 7.97 9.59 7.57 15.77 20.60 41.70 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 8.61 9.80 44.61 21.76 17.66 17.56 10.40 18.66 19.85 

 Alcoholic beverages 

 Mean ................................................................ 15 7 1 6 9 8 25 24 27 

 SE................................................................ 3.19 2.06 .25 2.46 3.77 5.30 6.24 6.17 11.81 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 21.22 30.19 45.40 41.78 44.18 63.12 24.82 26.04 43.41 

 Housing 

 Mean ................................................................ 260 158 120 131 161 215 391 253 585 

 SE................................................................ 20.77 16.01 25.03 18.02 27.51 37.89 37.09 30.42 72.99 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 7.98 10.16 20.91 13.74 17.04 17.62 9.49 12.03 12.48 

 Housekeeping supplies 

 Mean ................................................................ 35 24 6 15 31 33 48 35 67 

 SE................................................................ 2.99 3.50 2.54 4.15 7.57 8.80 5.10 4.02 10.74 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 8.61 14.64 39.76 26.89 24.41 26.46 10.60 11.42 16.12 

 Household textiles 

 Mean ................................................................ 11 7 3 9 6 10 15 15 14 

 SE................................................................ 2.11 2.48 2.90 5.70 2.30 4.88 3.91 4.84 6.72 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 19.62 33.96 99.29 64.54 41.06 49.19 26.06 31.55 46.44 

 Appliances and miscellaneous housewares 

 Mean ................................................................ 23 14 11 14 14 14 35 14 65 

 SE................................................................ 5.36 2.68 6.91 6.43 3.21 2.95 11.55 3.52 27.45 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 22.85 19.29 61.95 45.08 22.67 20.75 32.68 24.49 42.04 

 Major appliances 

 Mean ................................................................ 8 6 8 4 6 6 11 6 17 

 SE................................................................ 1.74 1.42 6.53 2.40 2.17 3.51 3.39 3.02 6.63 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 22.01 25.71 80.46 59.28 38.49 54.55 31.12 46.87 38.80 

 Small appliances and miscellaneous 

 housewares 

 Mean ................................................................ 16 8 3 10 9 8 24 8 48 

 SE................................................................ 5.05 2.26 1.36 5.93 2.55 2.36 10.82 2.03 26.26 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 32.44 27.11 44.86 58.02 29.90 30.33 44.28 25.54 54.46 

 Miscellaneous household equipment 

 Mean ................................................................ 50 30 15 30 32 34 74 51 108 

 SE................................................................ 8.83 3.59 7.55 8.56 7.59 7.91 18.56 10.53 42.79 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 17.71 11.91 49.43 28.08 23.49 23.59 24.94 20.61 39.69 

 Other housing 

 Mean ................................................................ 141 82 84 62 78 124 218 137 331 

 SE................................................................ 14.78 12.29 19.21 11.45 22.04 35.99 25.20 25.20 51.75 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 10.45 14.92 22.89 18.42 28.12 29.01 11.57 18.40 15.66 

 Apparel and services 

 Mean ................................................................ 212 164 126 150 160 211 272 267 279 

 SE................................................................ 16.95 15.18 39.32 23.95 20.23 45.05 30.21 38.79 45.84 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 7.98 9.26 31.23 15.93 12.67 21.40 11.11 14.54 16.44 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 2010. Highest education level of any member: Annual expenditure means, shares, standard errors, and coefficients of variation, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

Less than college graduate College graduate 

Item 

All 

consumer 

units 

Total 

Less 

than 

high 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

High 

school 

graduate 

with 

some 

college 

Associate's 

degree Total Bachelor's degree 

Master's, 

professional, 

doctoral 

degree 

 Males, 2 and over 

 Mean ................................................................ 48 39 33 23 42 63 59 59 59 

 SE................................................................ 4.69 5.33 15.14 4.70 10.48 18.32 8.83 11.25 12.81 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 9.77 13.64 46.55 20.50 25.22 28.91 14.91 18.93 21.76 

 Females, 2 and over 

 Mean ................................................................ 84 58 22 54 57 83 117 127 102 

 SE................................................................ 8.49 6.36 8.50 12.02 8.34 24.14 15.82 23.68 20.75 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 10.07 10.98 38.25 22.13 14.72 29.15 13.55 18.65 20.33 

 Children under 2 

 Mean ................................................................ 28 22 17 21 24 23 35 37 34 

 SE................................................................ 3.16 3.87 9.68 6.10 6.82 8.02 5.00 5.89 9.28 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 11.26 17.54 58.36 28.96 28.37 35.13 14.09 15.99 27.70 

 Other apparel products and services 

 Mean ................................................................ 52 45 55 52 37 42 60 44 84 

 SE................................................................ 6.46 7.83 22.96 18.62 9.82 13.39 10.28 10.45 23.09 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 12.47 17.45 42.06 35.73 26.22 32.23 16.99 24.01 27.36 

 Jewelry and watches 

 Mean ................................................................ 14 12 ( 2 ) 17 10 11 18 8 33 

 SE................................................................ 3.88 5.40 ( 2 ) 14.07 5.90 9.14 5.68 3.36 12.50 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 26.87 46.44 ( 2 ) 82.06 58.28 83.57 31.40 44.17 38.20 

 All other apparel products and services 

 Mean ................................................................ 37 33 55 35 27 31 42 36 52 

 SE................................................................ 5.11 6.08 22.96 12.98 6.56 10.85 8.81 9.55 19.43 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 13.66 18.29 42.06 37.13 24.00 35.47 20.79 26.58 37.59 

 Transportation 

 Mean ................................................................ 125 102 55 31 160 145 155 126 195 

 SE................................................................ 18.35 26.59 38.37 11.97 68.79 41.01 25.33 27.64 48.69 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 14.68 26.09 69.30 38.90 43.00 28.28 16.36 21.96 24.94 

 Healthcare 

 Mean ................................................................ 21 16 9 7 22 24 28 30 25 

 SE................................................................ 5.06 5.21 6.38 2.04 12.89 12.97 9.64 9.41 19.72 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 23.83 32.64 71.11 29.92 57.97 53.92 34.58 31.68 77.39 

 Entertainment 

 Mean ................................................................ 105 85 36 94 85 93 132 117 153 

 SE................................................................ 9.64 14.45 17.73 40.31 15.23 17.69 14.04 16.44 23.99 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 9.15 17.08 49.41 43.00 17.88 19.00 10.64 14.01 15.73 

 Toys, games, arts and crafts, and tricycles 

 Mean ................................................................ 36 32 23 27 36 39 41 40 42 

 SE................................................................ 3.89 4.98 12.80 8.67 9.23 10.00 5.69 7.22 9.26 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 10.82 15.45 55.04 32.35 25.63 25.90 14.03 18.24 22.09 

 Other entertainment 

 Mean ................................................................ 69 52 13 67 49 54 91 78 111 

 SE................................................................ 8.27 14.08 6.71 40.71 12.04 14.03 11.97 13.98 21.97 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 11.92 26.90 53.19 60.81 24.50 25.75 13.09 17.98 19.86 

 Personal care products and services 

 Mean ................................................................ 18 15 16 17 14 12 22 17 30 

 SE................................................................ 2.39 3.12 9.40 7.27 4.24 5.37 4.30 4.32 8.69 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 13.19 21.29 57.98 43.02 31.09 43.94 19.25 25.08 29.28 

 Reading 

 Mean ................................................................ 4 3 1 1 5 3 5 4 7 

 SE................................................................ .63 .88 .62 .54 2.37 .88 .77 1.09 1.39 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 16.51 31.70 62.28 51.48 47.40 33.29 14.76 26.60 20.56 

 Education 

 Mean ................................................................ 258 49 10 25 57 99 528 297 851 

 SE................................................................ 26.72 10.72 3.39 10.16 17.60 32.68 62.35 47.63 142.51 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 10.35 21.69 33.20 39.97 30.95 33.00 11.80 16.05 16.74 

 All other gifts 

 Mean ................................................................ 96 73 18 56 99 83 126 99 164 

 SE................................................................ 11.07 15.06 8.13 12.68 36.50 24.76 15.63 15.94 28.10 

 CV(%) ................................................................ 11.58 20.74 44.32 22.47 37.02 29.92 12.41 16.17 17.14 

1

 Value is too small to display. 

2

 No data reported. 

n.a. Not applicable. 

Source: Consumer Expenditure Survey, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, September, 2019