Table 55. Quintiles of income before taxes: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income,

Consumer Expenditure Survey, 1998

(Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Item

Complete reporting of income

Aggregate

Lowest

20

percent

Second

20

percent

Third

20

percent

Fourth

20

percent

Highest

20

percent

Number of consumer units (in thousands) ........................ 84,115 16,782 16,838 16,820 16,816 16,860 

Percent distribution of consumer units .............................. 100.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 

Consumer unit characteristics (mean values): 

Income before taxes 1 ..................................................... $41,622 $7,170 $17,962 $30,981 $50,205 $101,602 

Income after taxes 1 ........................................................ 38,358 7,049 17,406 29,265 46,294 91,606 

 Age of reference person ................................................. 47.7 50.6 52.5 46.0 43.8 45.5 

Average number in consumer unit:

Persons ......................................................................... 2.5 1.7 2.3 2.5 2.9 3.1 

 Children under 18 ......................................................... .7 .4 .6 .7 .8 .9 

 Persons 65 and over ..................................................... .3 .4 .6 .3 .2 .1 

 Earners ......................................................................... 1.3 .7 .9 1.3 1.7 2.1 

 Vehicles ........................................................................ 2.0 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.4 2.9 

Percent distribution:

Sex of reference person:

Male ............................................................................ 58 38 51 61 67 73 

 Female ........................................................................ 42 62 49 39 33 27 

Housing tenure:

Homeowner ................................................................. 64 39 55 62 74 89 

 With mortgage ........................................................... 39 11 19 35 56 73 

 Without mortgage ...................................................... 25 29 36 27 18 16 

 Renter ......................................................................... 36 61 45 38 26 11 

Race of reference person:

Black ........................................................................... 11 16 12 11 8 5 

 White and other ........................................................... 89 84 88 89 92 95 

Education of reference person:

Elementary (1-8) ......................................................... 7 15 11 6 2 1 

 High school (9-12) ....................................................... 38 47 49 42 32 21 

 College ........................................................................ 55 36 40 53 66 79 

 Never attended and other ........................................... 2 ( ) 1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

At least one vehicle owned or leased ........................... 87 62 86 94 97 98 

Annual aggregate expenditures ........................................ $3,081,144 8.9 12.7 16.8 23.5 38.1 

Food ................................................................................ 393,927 10.9 14.2 18.1 23.4 33.4 

 Food at home ................................................................ 224,159 12.3 16.1 18.9 22.9 29.8 

 Cereals and bakery products ...................................... 34,129 12.5 16.6 18.4 22.8 29.7 

 Cereals and cereal products ..................................... 11,773 13.4 17.0 17.8 23.3 28.4 

 Bakery products ........................................................ 22,356 12.0 16.4 18.8 22.5 30.3 

 Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ..................................... 57,272 12.7 16.0 19.5 22.6 29.1 

 Beef ........................................................................... 17,057 11.3 15.0 20.8 23.0 29.9 

 Pork ........................................................................... 11,592 14.2 18.0 20.0 21.5 26.2 

 Other meats .............................................................. 7,319 12.9 16.3 19.0 23.7 28.1 

 Poultry ....................................................................... 10,929 12.8 15.0 19.6 22.6 30.1 

 Fish and seafood ...................................................... 7,769 12.4 15.2 16.5 23.0 32.9 

 Eggs .......................................................................... 2,607 16.3 19.7 19.1 21.8 23.1 

Dairy products ............................................................. 24,479 13.0 16.4 18.3 23.5 28.8 

 Fresh milk and cream ............................................... 9,700 14.7 16.8 18.7 23.3 26.5 

 Other dairy products ................................................. 14,778 11.9 16.1 18.1 23.6 30.3 

 Fruits and vegetables .................................................. 37,944 12.1 16.9 18.9 21.7 30.4 

 Fresh fruits ................................................................ 12,002 12.0 17.4 18.9 21.4 30.3 

 Fresh vegetables ...................................................... 11,717 12.6 16.9 18.8 20.8 30.9 

 Processed fruits ........................................................ 8,134 11.9 15.9 18.0 22.2 32.0 

 Processed vegetables ............................................... 6,090 11.8 17.0 20.3 23.3 27.6 

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 55. Quintiles of income before taxes: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income,

Consumer Expenditure Survey, 1998 — Continued

(Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Item

Complete reporting of income

Aggregate

Lowest

20

percent

Second

20

percent

Third

20

percent

Fourth

20

percent

Highest

20

percent

 Other food at home ..................................................... $70,335 11.8 15.4 18.8 23.7 30.4 

 Sugar and other sweets ............................................ 8,868 12.5 16.4 18.1 24.5 28.6 

 Fats and oils .............................................................. 6,105 13.3 16.9 19.2 23.9 26.7 

 Miscellaneous foods ................................................. 31,799 11.5 15.1 18.7 23.9 30.8 

 Nonalcoholic beverages ............................................ 18,803 12.8 16.0 19.1 23.2 29.0 

Food prepared by consumer unit on

out-of-town trips ...................................................... 4,761 6.2 12.0 18.5 22.4 41.0 

 Food away from home .................................................. 169,768 9.0 11.7 17.1 24.0 38.2 

Alcoholic beverages ........................................................ 26,427 10.0 13.1 16.5 22.6 37.7 

Housing ........................................................................... 988,847 10.4 13.9 17.4 22.3 36.1 

 Shelter ........................................................................... 564,159 10.3 13.9 17.0 22.1 36.6 

 Owned dwellings ......................................................... 356,775 6.0 9.5 14.2 23.7 46.6 

 Mortgage interest and charges ................................. 207,420 3.7 6.0 13.1 25.7 51.5 

 Property taxes ........................................................... 83,207 8.1 13.1 14.7 21.3 42.8 

Maintenance, repairs, insurance, other

expenses ................................................................. 66,148 10.3 16.0 17.2 20.6 35.9 

 Rented dwellings ......................................................... 168,910 20.2 24.2 24.2 19.5 11.9 

 Other lodging .............................................................. 38,473 7.6 9.6 11.1 19.2 52.4 

Utilities, fuels, and public services ................................ 200,289 12.8 16.7 19.4 22.5 28.6 

 Natural gas .................................................................. 23,390 13.0 17.4 18.6 21.4 29.6 

 Electricity ..................................................................... 76,013 13.6 17.4 19.7 22.4 26.9 

 Fuel oil and other fuels ................................................ 7,486 12.5 17.9 20.5 22.8 26.2 

 Telephone services ..................................................... 69,503 12.7 16.0 19.4 22.9 29.0 

 Water and other public services .................................. 23,897 10.5 15.6 18.7 22.8 32.4 

 Household operations ................................................... 47,822 8.4 9.8 13.5 21.2 47.1 

 Personal services ........................................................ 22,707 8.3 8.8 12.6 24.3 46.0 

 Other household expenses ......................................... 25,115 8.5 10.6 14.4 18.4 48.2 

Housekeeping supplies ................................................. 38,369 9.7 13.6 17.5 24.8 34.4 

 Laundry and cleaning supplies ................................... 9,623 10.9 15.6 17.6 25.3 30.6 

 Other household products ........................................... 17,245 9.8 13.8 16.7 24.9 34.8 

 Postage and stationery ............................................... 11,501 8.6 11.7 18.8 24.1 36.8 

 Household furnishings and equipment .......................... 138,209 8.1 10.9 17.3 22.0 41.6 

 Household textiles ....................................................... 9,198 11.0 12.6 13.0 21.1 42.3 

 Furniture ...................................................................... 32,539 5.7 12.9 16.2 20.3 45.0 

 Floor coverings ........................................................... 12,488 12.0 8.6 19.2 11.5 48.5 

 Major appliances ......................................................... 14,274 9.6 16.7 19.5 22.9 31.3 

Small appliances, miscellaneous

housewares ............................................................... 7,017 7.4 11.6 17.0 24.2 39.9 

 Miscellaneous household equipment .......................... 62,692 7.9 8.8 17.8 24.6 41.0 

Apparel and services ...................................................... 139,153 9.6 10.7 18.8 23.2 37.7 

 Men and boys ............................................................... 32,646 6.2 9.4 17.7 24.0 42.8 

 Men, 16 and over ........................................................ 25,525 5.6 9.1 16.5 24.1 44.7 

 Boys, 2 to 15 ............................................................... 7,122 8.2 10.4 21.9 23.7 35.9 

 Women and girls ........................................................... 53,753 11.5 10.6 18.1 23.3 36.5 

 Women, 16 and over ................................................... 45,097 12.2 10.3 18.1 23.2 36.3 

 Girls, 2 to 15 ................................................................ 8,656 8.0 12.5 18.1 24.1 37.3 

 Children under 2 ........................................................... 6,278 8.1 13.8 24.3 24.3 29.5 

 Footwear ....................................................................... 22,817 10.2 12.1 23.0 24.8 29.9 

 Other apparel products and services ............................ 23,658 9.8 10.9 16.5 19.6 43.3 

Transportation ................................................................. 570,241 7.4 13.7 16.8 25.2 36.9 

 Vehicle purchases (net outlay) ...................................... 255,965 6.9 15.1 15.0 25.9 37.1 

 Cars and trucks, new .................................................. 116,295 4.7 11.7 10.8 23.7 49.2 

 Cars and trucks, used ................................................. 135,160 9.1 17.9 18.9 27.5 26.7 

 Other vehicles ............................................................. 4,510 31.3 321.1 39.1 33.8 34.8 

 Gasoline and motor oil .................................................. 86,661 9.7 14.4 19.5 25.4 31.0 

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 55. Quintiles of income before taxes: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income,

Consumer Expenditure Survey, 1998 — Continued

(Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Item

Complete reporting of income

Aggregate

Lowest

20

percent

Second

20

percent

Third

20

percent

Fourth

20

percent

Highest

20

percent

 Other vehicle expenses ................................................ $191,749 6.8 12.2 18.1 25.5 37.4 

 Vehicle finance charges .............................................. 27,641 4.8 9.4 19.1 30.6 36.0 

 Maintenance and repairs ............................................ 56,344 8.7 13.6 19.8 24.4 33.5 

 Vehicle insurance ........................................................ 64,430 7.6 14.3 19.0 25.4 33.7 

Vehicle rental, leases, licenses, other

charges ..................................................................... 43,334 4.4 9.2 13.7 23.8 49.0 

 Public transportation ..................................................... 35,865 8.8 9.4 16.2 18.5 47.1 

Health care ...................................................................... 165,027 12.3 20.0 17.9 21.1 28.6 

 Health insurance ........................................................... 77,926 12.4 21.0 19.5 20.9 26.2 

 Medical services ........................................................... 47,834 10.7 15.6 15.3 22.7 35.8 

 Drugs ............................................................................ 30,062 15.8 24.8 18.5 18.8 22.1 

 Medical supplies ........................................................... 9,204 9.6 19.0 16.8 22.1 32.6 

Entertainment .................................................................. 149,882 8.3 10.2 15.1 24.0 42.4 

 Fees and admissions .................................................... 39,229 6.8 8.6 13.8 22.3 48.6 

 Television, radios, sound equipment ............................ 46,688 10.4 13.5 18.6 24.1 33.3 

 Pets, toys, and playground equipment .......................... 28,722 7.0 11.3 17.6 24.6 39.6 

Other entertainment supplies, equipment,

and services ................................................................ 35,243 8.4 6.9 9.7 25.4 49.6 

Personal care products and services .............................. 34,112 12.8 13.3 16.6 23.2 34.0 

Reading ........................................................................... 14,281 8.8 13.5 17.0 22.2 38.6 

Education ........................................................................ 48,510 13.6 9.8 13.8 19.5 43.3 

Tobacco products and smoking supplies ........................ 23,485 15.5 18.6 21.9 23.7 20.3 

Miscellaneous ................................................................. 76,827 10.0 13.1 19.7 24.2 33.0 

Cash contributions .......................................................... 104,141 5.9 10.3 16.0 22.5 45.3 

Personal insurance and pensions ................................... 346,284 2.0 5.2 12.9 26.3 53.6 

 Life and other personal insurance ................................. 34,256 6.9 10.8 14.5 24.5 43.4 

 Pensions and Social Security ....................................... 312,027 1.4 4.6 12.8 26.5 54.7 

Sources of income and personal taxes: 1

Money income before taxes .............................................. 3,501,058 3.4 8.6 14.9 24.1 48.9 

 Wages and salaries ...................................................... 2,766,479 1.5 5.6 13.9 25.8 53.3 

 Self-employment income .............................................. 188,347 -1.4 5.0 9.6 22.6 64.3 

 Social Security, private and government retirement ..... 388,481 15.3 29.6 23.8 16.1 15.2 

 Interest, dividends, rental income, other property

income ........................................................................ 73,280 2.1 7.0 14.9 17.7 58.3 

 Unemployment and workers’ compensation, veterans’

benefits ....................................................................... 16,228 8.2 18.6 24.8 25.0 23.5 

 Public assistance, supplemental security income, food

stamps ........................................................................ 27,799 46.8 30.4 10.8 8.7 3.3 

 Regular contributions for support .................................. 21,840 13.1 19.1 22.7 22.3 22.8 

 Other income ................................................................ 18,602 18.6 16.0 17.3 12.7 35.4 

Personal taxes ................................................................ 274,527 .7 3.4 10.5 24.0 61.4 

 Federal income taxes .................................................... 207,922 .4 2.6 9.8 24.0 63.2 

 State and local income taxes ........................................ 52,981 .5 3.6 12.1 24.7 59.0 

 Other taxes ................................................................... 13,624 6.9 14.5 15.7 19.6 43.3 

Income after taxes .......................................................... 3,226,532 3.7 9.1 15.3 24.1 47.9 

1 Components of income and taxes are derived from "complete

income reporters" only; see glossary.

2 Value less than 0.5. 3 Data are likely to have large sampling errors.