Table 1101. Quintiles of income before taxes: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 

 (Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated) 

Item Aggregate 

Lowest 

20

percent 

Second 

20

percent 

Third 

20

percent 

Fourth 

20

percent 

Highest 

20

percent 

Number of consumer units (in thousands) ................................................................ 131,439 26,333 26,315 26,196 26,221 26,374 

Percent distribution of consumer units................................................................ 100.0 20.0 20.0 19.9 19.9 20.1 

Consumer unit characteristics (mean values): 

 Income before taxes ................................................................................................ $78,635 $11,285 $31,237 $54,900 $90,478 $204,975 

 Income after taxes ................................................................................................ 67,241 11,695 31,199 51,211 79,944 161,954 

 Age of reference person ................................................................................................ 51.1 53.7 55.1 49.9 47.9 48.9 

 Average number in consumer unit: 

 People ................................................................................................ 2.5 1.7 2.1 2.5 2.9 3.2 

 Children under 18 .................................................................................................6 .3 .5 .6 .7 .8 

 Adults 65 and older ................................................................................................4 .4 .6 .4 .3 .2 

 Earners ................................................................................................ 1.3 .5 .8 1.3 1.8 2.1 

 Vehicles ................................................................................................ 1.9 1.0 1.6 1.9 2.3 2.7 

Percent distribution: 

 Reference person: 

 Men ................................................................................................................................ 47 37 44 48 51 56 

 Women................................................................................................ 53 63 56 52 49 44 

 Housing tenure: 

 Homeowner ................................................................................................ 63 41 56 61 72 87 

 With mortgage ................................................................................................ 37 12 20 34 52 67 

 Without mortgage ................................................................................................ 26 29 36 27 20 20 

 Renter ................................................................................................ 37 59 44 39 28 13 

 Race of reference person: 

 Black or African-American ................................................................ 13 19 15 13 10 8 

 White, Asian, and all other races ................................................................ 87 81 85 87 90 92 

 Hispanic or Latino origin of reference person: 

 Hispanic or Latino ................................................................................................13 14 16 15 13 8 

 Not Hispanic or Latino ................................................................................................ 87 86 84 85 87 92 

 Education of reference person: 

 Elementary (1-8)................................................................................................ 3 5 4 3 2 1 

 High school (9-12) ................................................................................................30 46 40 30 21 12 

 College ................................................................................................ 67 48 55 67 77 87 

 Never attended and other ................................................................ ( 1 ) 1 ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) 

 At least one vehicle owned or leased ................................................................ 88 66 89 94 95 97 

Annual aggregate expenditures ................................................................ $8,043,521 8.6 13.1 16.9 22.5 38.9 

 Food ................................................................................................................................ 1,039,471 10.4 14.7 17.6 23.6 33.7 

 Food at home ................................................................................................ 585,605 12.1 16.2 18.3 22.8 30.6 

 Cereals and bakery products ................................................................ 74,683 12.1 16.5 18.0 23.1 30.3 

 Cereals and cereal products ................................................................ 23,301 12.2 16.2 17.4 23.1 31.1 

 Bakery products ................................................................................................ 51,382 12.0 16.6 18.2 23.1 30.0 

 Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ................................................................126,032 12.1 16.4 18.3 23.0 30.2 

 Beef ................................................................................................ 33,249 11.4 15.7 18.1 23.9 30.9 

 Pork ................................................................................................ 23,605 13.3 17.0 20.2 21.7 27.8 

 Other meats ................................................................................................ 16,979 11.2 17.0 18.9 23.1 29.9 

 Poultry ................................................................................................ 23,651 12.6 16.3 17.5 23.5 30.0 

 Fish and seafood ................................................................................................ 20,168 11.8 16.2 16.6 22.9 32.5 

 Eggs ................................................................................................ 8,380 13.0 16.3 18.4 21.9 30.4 

 Dairy products ................................................................................................ 58,917 12.1 15.8 17.9 23.0 31.2 

 Fresh milk and cream ................................................................ 19,225 13.9 16.6 18.2 22.7 28.6 

 Other dairy products ................................................................................................ 39,692 11.3 15.4 17.7 23.1 32.5 

 Fruits and vegetables ................................................................................................ 112,519 11.9 15.9 18.5 22.4 31.3 

 Fresh fruits ................................................................................................ 41,670 11.9 15.5 17.6 22.5 32.5 

 Fresh vegetables ................................................................................................ 37,063 11.8 14.9 18.8 22.3 32.2 

 Processed fruits................................................................................................ 14,951 11.4 17.2 19.2 23.4 28.8 

 Processed vegetables ................................................................ 18,835 12.4 17.8 18.9 21.8 29.1 

 Other food at home ................................................................................................ 213,454 12.3 16.3 18.4 22.7 30.3 

 Sugar and other sweets ................................................................ 19,743 12.1 18.0 17.4 21.8 30.7 

 Fats and oils ................................................................................................ 15,452 12.0 17.4 18.3 23.3 29.0 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 1101. Quintiles of income before taxes: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

 (Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated) 

Item Aggregate 

Lowest 

20

percent 

Second 

20

percent 

Third 

20

percent 

Fourth 

20

percent 

Highest 

20

percent 

 Miscellaneous foods ................................................................................................ 113,442 12.0 15.8 18.6 22.8 30.8 

 Nonalcoholic beverages ................................................................ 57,406 13.4 17.1 18.6 22.8 28.0 

 Food prepared by consumer unit on out-of-town trips ................................ 7,412 7.6 10.6 17.2 20.8 43.7 

 Food away from home ................................................................................................ 453,865 8.1 12.8 16.6 24.7 37.7 

 Alcoholic beverages ................................................................................................ 76,468 5.7 10.6 16.7 23.1 43.9 

 Housing ................................................................................................ 2,640,250 10.5 14.2 17.7 22.1 35.4 

 Shelter................................................................................................ 1,544,072 10.8 14.0 17.4 22.2 35.6 

 Owned dwellings ................................................................................................ 877,720 6.3 10.1 14.2 22.8 46.7 

 Mortgage interest and charges ................................................................ 364,770 4.0 6.8 13.2 25.2 50.8 

 Property taxes ................................................................................................ 289,139 7.0 11.2 14.4 21.1 46.2 

 Maintenance, repairs, insurance, other expenses ................................223,811 9.1 13.9 15.5 20.9 40.7 

 Rented dwellings ................................................................................................ 558,452 19.2 21.2 23.3 21.7 14.5 

 Other lodging ................................................................................................ 107,901 4.6 8.6 13.5 19.8 53.5 

 Utilities, fuels, and public services ................................................................ 532,153 11.9 16.8 19.5 22.8 28.9 

 Natural gas ................................................................................................53,888 11.8 16.3 18.7 21.9 31.3 

 Electricity ................................................................................................196,651 14.1 18.2 19.7 21.7 26.3 

 Fuel oil and other fuels ................................................................ 15,964 12.9 18.2 16.1 17.7 35.2 

 Telephone services ................................................................................................ 184,982 10.0 15.5 19.8 24.6 30.2 

 Residential phone service, VOIP, and phone cards ................................ 28,853 16.9 22.0 18.6 18.6 23.9 

 Cellular phone service ................................................................ 156,129 8.7 14.3 20.0 25.7 31.3 

 Water and other public services ................................................................80,668 11.2 16.6 19.4 23.2 29.6 

 Household operations ................................................................................................ 200,080 7.7 11.9 14.1 20.0 46.3 

 Personal services ................................................................................................ 62,046 4.6 6.0 8.3 19.4 61.7 

 Other household expenses ................................................................ 138,034 9.1 14.5 16.7 20.3 39.4 

 Housekeeping supplies ................................................................................................ 98,029 12.1 15.5 18.1 22.5 31.8 

 Laundry and cleaning supplies ................................................................ 24,108 11.3 17.3 20.6 22.2 28.5 

 Other household products ................................................................ 56,598 13.1 14.0 17.5 23.2 32.2 

 Postage and stationery ................................................................ 17,323 10.1 17.8 16.3 20.7 35.2 

 Household furnishings and equipment ................................................................ 265,917 7.4 11.8 18.6 21.2 41.1 

 Household textiles ................................................................................................ 14,576 10.6 14.8 16.7 19.7 38.1 

 Furniture ................................................................................................ 68,141 6.6 12.5 15.4 22.9 42.6 

 Floor coverings ................................................................................................ 3,327 5.4 7.1 14.1 26.9 46.4 

 Major appliances ................................................................................................ 39,911 6.4 12.5 17.7 23.2 40.3 

 Small appliances, miscellaneous housewares ................................ 15,545 9.3 15.6 17.3 21.8 35.9 

 Miscellaneous household equipment ................................................................ 124,416 7.5 10.5 21.1 19.5 41.4 

 Apparel and services ................................................................................................ 244,915 8.0 13.7 16.3 22.5 39.5 

 Men and boys ................................................................................................55,134 7.0 11.5 16.9 23.7 40.9 

 Men, 16 and over ................................................................................................ 44,202 7.2 11.6 16.3 23.5 41.5 

 Boys, 2 to 15 ................................................................................................ 10,932 6.2 11.5 19.2 24.6 38.5 

 Women and girls ................................................................................................ 99,043 7.4 14.7 15.9 20.9 41.2 

 Women, 16 and over ................................................................................................ 83,668 7.8 15.3 16.7 20.3 40.0 

 Girls, 2 to 15 ................................................................................................ 15,376 5.3 11.6 11.3 23.9 47.8 

 Children under 2 ................................................................................................ 10,242 12.0 12.3 15.8 29.0 30.9 

 Footwear ................................................................................................ 51,372 8.9 15.2 18.5 24.2 33.3 

 Other apparel products and services ................................................................ 29,124 9.3 12.4 12.8 20.8 44.7 

 Transportation ................................................................................................ 1,282,692 7.6 13.9 17.6 23.1 37.8 

 Vehicle purchases (net outlay) ................................................................ 522,435 6.3 13.4 16.8 22.7 40.8 

 Cars and trucks, new ................................................................................................ 239,926 5.3 14.9 16.5 18.9 44.4 

 Cars and trucks, used ................................................................................................ 273,899 7.4 12.4 16.8 25.7 37.8 

 Other vehicles ................................................................................................ 8,610 22.3 23.3 25.4 31.9 37.2 

 Gasoline, other fuels, and motor oil................................................................ 277,165 9.4 14.9 19.6 24.7 31.4 

 Other vehicle expenses ................................................................................................ 375,532 8.6 14.6 18.6 23.0 35.3 

 Vehicle finance charges ................................................................ 29,143 5.5 11.0 18.3 27.3 38.0 

 Maintenance and repairs ................................................................ 116,921 9.0 17.0 18.4 22.4 33.2 

 Vehicle insurance ................................................................................................ 128,054 10.3 16.6 20.3 22.1 30.7 

 Vehicle rental, leases, licenses, and other charges ................................101,413 6.8 10.3 16.7 23.5 42.6 

 Public and other transportation ................................................................ 107,561 6.2 10.7 13.4 21.2 48.4 

 Healthcare ................................................................................................ 652,982 10.0 16.1 18.6 23.6 31.8 

 Health insurance ................................................................................................ 447,507 10.3 16.3 18.5 24.0 30.8 

 Medical services ................................................................................................ 119,426 7.7 13.8 17.6 23.0 38.0 

 Drugs ................................................................................................ 63,492 12.6 19.0 20.9 21.3 26.2 

 Medical supplies ................................................................................................ 22,556 9.0 15.5 19.0 23.7 32.8 

 Entertainment ................................................................................................423,720 8.5 13.5 15.7 21.6 40.6 

 Fees and admissions ................................................................................................ 100,636 6.0 7.1 12.1 21.2 53.7 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Table 1101. Quintiles of income before taxes: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income, Consumer 

Expenditure Survey, 2018 — Continued 

 (Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated) 

Item Aggregate 

Lowest 

20

percent 

Second 

20

percent 

Third 

20

percent 

Fourth 

20

percent 

Highest 

20

percent 

 Audio and visual equipment and services ................................................................ 135,311 11.4 16.1 18.9 22.1 31.6 

 Pets, toys, hobbies, and playground equipment ................................ 107,134 8.2 11.1 18.8 22.4 39.4 

 Pets ................................................................................................ 86,945 8.7 11.1 18.3 21.6 40.2 

 Toys, hobbies, and playground equipment ................................................................ 20,189 6.1 11.1 21.0 25.9 35.8 

 Other entertainment supplies, equipment, and services ................................ 80,639 7.2 20.5 10.9 20.3 41.1 

 Personal care products and services ................................................................ 100,865 9.0 13.3 17.0 23.1 37.6 

 Reading ................................................................................................ 14,178 12.6 17.6 16.5 21.5 31.7 

 Education ................................................................................................ 184,932 10.9 5.8 10.3 16.9 56.0 

 Tobacco products and smoking supplies ................................................................ 45,556 17.7 20.4 22.9 23.0 15.9 

 Miscellaneous ................................................................................................130,444 8.5 15.6 19.0 21.4 35.5 

 Cash contributions ................................................................................................ 248,127 6.7 11.8 14.0 19.6 47.9 

 Personal insurance and pensions ................................................................958,921 2.0 5.6 13.5 23.6 55.3 

 Life and other personal insurance ................................................................61,099 7.4 12.8 14.0 21.4 44.4 

 Pensions and Social Security ................................................................ 897,823 1.6 5.1 13.5 23.7 56.1 

Sources of income and personal taxes: 

 Money income before taxes................................................................ $10,335,717 2.9 8.0 13.9 23.0 52.3 

 Wages and salaries ................................................................................................ 8,090,941 1.1 5.4 13.0 24.5 55.9 

 Self-employment income ................................................................ 687,710 .7 3.5 8.4 15.7 71.7 

 Social Security, private and government retirement ................................1,138,817 13.2 27.4 23.8 18.8 16.7 

 Interest, dividends, rental income, other property income ................................ 255,147 1.3 6.0 11.0 15.3 66.3 

 Public assistance, Supplemental Security Income, 

 Supplementary Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) ................................ 59,199 47.7 28.3 14.1 6.5 3.4 

 Unemployment and workers' compensation, veterans' 

 benefits, and regular contributions for support................................ 62,650 11.8 15.0 17.9 27.2 28.1 

 Other income ................................................................................................41,253 29.7 17.0 16.6 15.7 21.0 

 Personal taxes (contains some imputed values) ................................ 1,497,670 -.7 .1 6.5 18.4 75.8 

 Federal income taxes ................................................................................................ 1,187,149 -.8 -.4 5.9 17.6 77.7 

 State and local income taxes ................................................................ 300,289 -.6 1.7 8.5 20.7 69.7 

 Other taxes ................................................................................................ 10,232 6.3 7.7 10.9 46.0 29.1 

 Income after taxes ................................................................................................ 8,838,047 3.5 9.3 15.2 23.7 48.3 

1

 Value is too small to display. 

2

 Data are likely to have large sampling errors. 

Source: Consumer Expenditure Survey, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, September, 2019