Table 1904. Occupation of reference person: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income, Consumer Expenditure Surveys, 2022

 (Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Wage and salary earners

Item Aggregate

Selfemployed

workers

Total

wage and

salary

earners

Managers

and

professionals

Technical,

sales and

clerical

workers

Service

workers

Construction

workers and

mechanics

Operators,

fabricators

and

laborers

Retired

All other,

including

not

reporting

Number of consumer units (in thousands)1......................... 134,090 9,620 80,867 35,226 18,976 16,771 3,528 6,366 29,420 14,184 

Percent distribution of consumer units................................ 100.0 7.2 60.3 26.3 14.2 12.5 2.6 4.7 21.9 10.6 

Consumer unit characteristics (mean values):

 Income before taxes......................................................... $94,003 $147,179 $111,763 $149,604 $88,233 $77,509 $89,189 $75,253 $48,780 $50,490 

 Income after taxes............................................................ 83,195 122,312 97,342 124,795 79,970 72,511 82,283 70,975 47,815 49,389 

 Age of reference person .................................................. 52.1 51.4 44.9 45.1 44.3 45.0 42.6 46.9 73.7 48.7 

 Average number in consumer unit:

 People........................................................................... 2.4 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.7 3.0 2.7 1.7 2.8 

 Children under 18 ......................................................... .6 .7 .7 .7 .6 .7 .8 .7 ( 2 ) .9 

 Adults 65 and older....................................................... .4 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 1.2 .2 

 Earners.......................................................................... 1.3 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 .2 .6 

 Vehicles......................................................................... 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.1 1.8 1.8 2.2 2.1 1.8 1.4 

Percent distribution:

 Reference person:

 Men ............................................................................... 49 60 52 49 48 49 87 74 44 31 

 Women.......................................................................... 51 40 48 51 52 51 13 26 56 69 

 Housing tenure:

 Homeowner................................................................... 65 70 63 70 58 55 58 58 79 46 

 With mortgage ........................................................... 38 41 46 55 42 37 33 36 23 23 

 Without mortgage ...................................................... 27 29 17 16 16 18 25 22 56 23 

 Renter ........................................................................... 35 30 37 30 42 45 42 42 21 54 

 Race of reference person:

 Black or African-American ............................................ 13 10 14 11 14 21 6 16 10 16 

 White, Asian, and all other races, not including

 Black or African-American......................................... 87 90 86 89 86 79 94 84 90 84 

 Hispanic or Latino origin of reference person:

 Hispanic or Latino ......................................................... 15 16 16 10 15 23 36 23 7 20 

 Not Hispanic or Latino .................................................. 85 84 84 90 85 77 64 77 93 80 

 Education of reference person:

 Elementary (1-8) ........................................................... 3 ( 3 ) 2 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 3 ( 3 ) 5 2 7 

 High school (9-12)......................................................... 28 24 24 9 28 36 43 50 32 45 

 College.......................................................................... 69 71 74 91 71 60 49 44 65 48 

 Never attended and other............................................. ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 

 At least one vehicle owned or leased .............................. 89 90 92 94 90 88 94 90 88 75 

Annual aggregate expenditures .......................................... $9,782,862 9.4 66.2 35.6 13.4 10.8 2.6 3.8 16.5 7.9 

 Food ................................................................................. 1,251,954 8.2 64.7 33.3 14.0 10.8 3.0 3.7 17.3 9.9 

 Food at home................................................................ 764,242 7.8 62.0 30.4 13.6 11.4 2.8 3.7 19.0 11.2 

 Cereals and bakery products..................................... 95,405 7.7 61.8 30.1 13.9 11.7 2.7 3.5 19.2 11.2 

 Cereals and cereal products .................................. 28,807 7.9 63.5 31.2 13.8 11.9 2.9 3.7 16.4 12.2 

 Bakery products...................................................... 66,598 7.6 61.1 29.6 14.0 11.6 2.6 3.4 20.4 10.8 

 Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ................................... 162,883 7.4 61.4 28.4 13.4 12.7 2.9 4.0 19.4 11.8 

 Beef ........................................................................ 42,539 6.5 61.9 26.5 13.7 13.7 3.4 4.6 19.5 12.1 

 Pork ........................................................................ 33,024 ( 3 ) 59.3 27.5 13.6 11.7 2.8 3.8 20.4 11.9 

 Other meats............................................................ 22,444 7.1 60.3 29.9 13.1 11.2 2.7 3.4 19.3 13.4 

 Poultry..................................................................... 28,755 7.4 64.1 29.8 14.7 13.2 2.4 4.0 16.7 11.8 

 Fish and seafood.................................................... 24,469 7.6 60.8 29.4 11.3 13.7 3.1 3.4 21.6 10.0 

 Eggs........................................................................ 11,652 8.7 61.6 29.4 13.1 12.1 3.0 4.0 19.0 10.8 

 Dairy products............................................................ 71,295 8.0 60.6 30.0 13.3 11.0 2.7 3.6 20.2 11.2 

 Fresh milk and cream............................................. 22,541 8.5 61.7 29.4 13.7 12.0 2.9 3.7 18.5 11.3 

 Other dairy products............................................... 48,754 7.8 60.1 30.3 13.1 10.6 2.6 3.5 21.0 11.1 

 Fruits and vegetables ................................................ 147,321 7.9 62.5 31.1 13.5 11.4 2.9 3.6 18.7 10.9 

 Fresh fruits.............................................................. 54,448 8.4 61.7 30.3 13.4 11.1 3.0 3.9 18.8 11.0 

 Fresh vegetables .................................................... 47,210 8.0 63.1 33.0 12.8 10.9 3.1 3.3 18.8 10.1 

 Processed fruits...................................................... 19,288 7.4 61.7 29.8 14.2 12.2 2.2 3.4 19.0 11.9 

 Processed vegetables ............................................ 26,375 7.3 63.4 30.4 14.5 12.3 2.6 3.5 17.9 11.4 

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1904. Occupation of reference person: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income, Consumer Expenditure Surveys, 2022 — 

Continued

 (Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Wage and salary earners

Item Aggregate

Selfemployed

workers

Total

wage and

salary

earners

Managers

and

professionals

Technical,

sales and

clerical

workers

Service

workers

Construction

workers and

mechanics

Operators,

fabricators

and

laborers

Retired

All other,

including

not

reporting

 Other food at home.................................................... 287,338 7.9 62.6 31.5 13.7 10.8 2.9 3.7 18.5 10.9 

 Sugar and other sweets ......................................... 26,427 8.4 60.0 30.2 12.2 10.8 2.7 4.1 20.3 11.2 

 Fats and oils ........................................................... 21,038 8.0 61.5 29.9 14.7 10.9 2.6 3.4 18.4 12.1 

 Miscellaneous foods............................................... 149,686 7.8 63.1 32.5 13.7 10.5 2.7 3.7 18.3 10.8 

 Nonalcoholic beverages ......................................... 78,246 7.5 62.8 29.5 14.3 11.3 3.7 3.9 18.2 11.6 

 Food prepared by consumer unit on out of town

 trips...................................................................... 11,941 11.5 62.6 36.5 11.5 9.9 1.9 2.8 19.8 6.1 

 Food away from home .................................................. 487,712 8.7 68.8 37.7 14.6 9.7 3.2 3.7 14.5 7.9 

 Alcoholic beverages ......................................................... 78,159 9.7 68.0 38.9 14.6 8.4 2.4 3.8 17.1 5.2 

 Housing ............................................................................ 3,258,013 8.4 65.4 34.3 13.5 11.2 2.5 3.8 17.9 8.4 

 Shelter........................................................................... 1,945,236 8.5 66.5 35.3 13.6 11.4 2.5 3.7 16.9 8.1 

 Owned dwellings........................................................ 1,103,524 9.0 66.0 38.1 12.8 9.8 2.0 3.2 19.1 5.9 

 Mortgage interest and charges .............................. 415,786 8.9 74.0 42.9 14.3 11.2 2.0 3.6 10.6 6.6 

 Property taxes ........................................................ 344,551 9.3 62.8 36.8 11.8 9.2 1.7 3.3 22.1 5.7 

 Maintenance, repairs, insurance, and other

 expenses ............................................................. 343,187 8.9 59.5 33.7 12.1 8.8 2.3 2.7 26.5 5.1 

 Rented dwellings ....................................................... 669,166 6.8 68.2 28.9 16.0 15.0 3.4 4.9 12.6 12.3 

 Other lodging ............................................................. 172,546 11.8 62.7 42.3 9.6 7.0 1.7 2.1 19.5 ( 3 ) 

 Utilities, fuels, and public services................................ 609,999 8.0 62.2 28.5 13.7 12.7 2.7 4.7 20.4 9.4 

 Natural gas ................................................................ 71,739 8.1 61.4 30.8 13.3 11.1 2.1 4.1 22.2 8.2 

 Electricity.................................................................... 225,710 8.3 61.1 27.2 13.7 12.8 2.8 4.7 20.6 10.1 

 Fuel oil and other fuels .............................................. 21,506 8.2 55.8 24.9 10.1 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 27.7 8.2 

 Telephone services.................................................... 191,929 7.5 65.4 29.7 14.4 13.4 2.9 5.0 17.8 9.3 

 Residential phone service, VOIP, and phone

 cards.................................................................... 19,716 7.1 41.3 19.0 8.7 9.2 1.6 2.7 42.8 8.7 

 Cellular phone service............................................ 172,214 7.6 68.2 30.9 15.1 13.9 3.0 5.3 14.9 9.4 

 Water and other public services ................................ 99,115 8.5 60.6 28.5 13.3 12.0 2.4 4.4 22.2 8.8 

 Household operations................................................... 247,981 8.1 65.4 38.9 11.9 9.1 2.2 3.2 18.7 7.8 

 Personal services ...................................................... 65,450 4.8 82.5 56.3 13.5 7.8 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 

 Other household expenses........................................ 182,531 9.3 59.3 32.7 11.4 9.6 2.1 3.5 23.5 7.9 

 Housekeeping supplies................................................. 105,461 8.4 60.2 30.2 13.9 10.4 2.4 3.3 22.6 8.9 

 Laundry and cleaning supplies.................................. 22,757 6.4 60.5 24.9 17.0 11.8 2.5 4.3 22.3 10.8 

 Other household products ......................................... 65,552 9.0 61.6 32.9 13.2 10.2 ( 3 ) 3.0 21.4 8.1 

 Postage and stationery.............................................. 17,151 8.7 54.2 27.4 12.7 9.1 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 27.7 9.4 

 Household furnishings and equipment ......................... 349,336 8.4 66.2 36.9 13.7 9.1 2.9 3.6 16.8 8.6 

 Household textiles ..................................................... 18,516 ( 3 ) 63.6 39.8 11.9 7.1 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 18.3 7.3 

 Furniture..................................................................... 100,050 9.3 71.4 41.4 14.2 9.3 ( 3 ) 3.8 12.9 6.5 

 Floor coverings .......................................................... 4,504 ( 3 ) 69.4 44.1 13.1 7.3 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 13.4 ( 3 ) 

 Major appliances........................................................ 54,687 8.7 63.6 32.9 13.0 10.6 ( 3 ) 4.3 18.3 9.4 

 Small appliances and miscellaneous

 housewares ............................................................ 19,045 7.3 62.3 32.3 14.8 9.8 1.5 4.1 20.7 9.7 

 Miscellaneous household equipment ........................ 152,534 7.5 64.5 35.5 13.7 8.7 3.4 3.2 18.3 9.7 

 Apparel and services........................................................ 260,599 8.1 70.6 36.4 14.8 13.1 2.8 3.4 12.7 8.6 

 Men and boys ............................................................... 60,825 8.0 69.8 37.5 15.4 9.3 2.5 ( 3 ) 11.9 10.3 

 Men, 16 and over....................................................... 46,479 7.8 67.0 34.9 15.4 8.7 2.5 ( 3 ) 14.7 10.6 

 Boys, 2 to 15.............................................................. 14,346 ( 3 ) 78.8 45.9 15.3 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 9.5 

 Women and girls ........................................................... 98,514 7.8 68.7 33.5 14.0 ( 3 ) 2.9 2.0 15.0 8.5 

 Women, 16 and over ................................................. 86,260 8.1 67.1 33.1 13.3 ( 3 ) 2.3 1.8 16.5 8.3 

 Girls, 2 to 15 .............................................................. 12,255 5.4 79.9 36.2 19.2 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 

 Children under 2 ........................................................... 9,903 ( 3 ) 78.5 38.3 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 14.0 

 Footwear ....................................................................... 53,423 7.0 74.2 36.9 15.8 14.0 ( 3 ) 3.9 12.9 5.9 

 Other apparel products and services............................ 37,934 ( 3 ) 69.3 41.3 13.4 9.3 1.6 ( 3 ) 10.4 8.4 

 Transportation .................................................................. 1,648,616 10.6 67.4 33.5 14.0 12.1 3.3 4.5 14.4 7.6 

 Vehicle purchases (net outlay) ..................................... 602,859 12.2 67.5 33.8 14.4 11.8 ( 3 ) 3.8 13.3 7.0 

 Cars and trucks, new................................................. 294,368 16.3 62.8 35.0 12.9 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 15.3 ( 3 ) 

 Cars and trucks, used................................................ 300,222 ( 3 ) 71.9 33.1 15.6 13.2 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 11.6 8.1 

 Other vehicles............................................................ 8,269 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 

 Gasoline, other fuels, and motor oil.............................. 418,327 9.8 67.7 30.6 14.2 13.4 3.8 5.6 13.9 8.6 

 Other vehicle expenses ................................................ 514,121 9.6 66.8 33.0 14.3 12.0 2.9 4.7 16.0 7.6 

 Vehicle finance charges ............................................ 39,501 8.4 75.3 34.8 16.8 13.9 3.8 6.0 9.9 6.4 

 Maintenance and repairs ........................................... 155,554 11.0 64.2 32.7 12.7 10.9 2.5 5.2 17.1 7.7 

 Vehicle rental, leases, licenses, and other

 charges................................................................... 105,564 10.6 67.0 38.6 13.4 10.2 2.2 2.6 15.9 6.5 

 Vehicle insurance ...................................................... 213,503 8.3 67.1 30.0 15.3 13.4 3.3 5.1 16.3 8.3 

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1904. Occupation of reference person: Shares of annual aggregate expenditures and sources of income, Consumer Expenditure Surveys, 2022 — 

Continued

 (Aggregates in millions of dollars, unless otherwise indicated)

Wage and salary earners

Item Aggregate

Selfemployed

workers

Total

wage and

salary

earners

Managers

and

professionals

Technical,

sales and

clerical

workers

Service

workers

Construction

workers and

mechanics

Operators,

fabricators

and

laborers

Retired

All other,

including

not

reporting

 Public and other transportation..................................... 113,309 10.0 68.9 45.3 9.7 9.7 ( 3 ) 2.7 14.6 6.4 

 Healthcare........................................................................ 784,461 8.2 56.4 30.0 11.3 10.0 1.8 3.3 28.1 7.3 

 Health insurance........................................................... 515,341 7.6 56.1 29.3 11.5 9.5 2.1 3.7 29.5 6.8 

 Medical services ........................................................... 158,696 10.9 58.0 34.1 11.5 8.8 ( 3 ) 2.4 22.6 8.5 

 Drugs............................................................................. 82,408 6.8 55.1 25.5 9.4 ( 3 ) 1.3 2.9 29.9 8.2 

 Medical supplies ........................................................... 28,016 7.7 56.6 32.8 11.4 7.1 1.7 3.5 29.7 6.0 

 Entertainment................................................................... 463,625 9.4 66.7 38.2 14.4 8.8 2.1 3.2 16.4 7.4 

 Fees and admissions .................................................... 111,620 9.4 70.4 47.7 11.0 7.8 1.6 2.3 13.2 6.9 

 Audio and visual equipment and services .................... 136,793 7.5 62.4 32.1 13.1 10.8 2.1 4.3 22.4 7.7 

 Pets, toys, hobbies, and playground equipment .......... 121,681 9.0 64.1 34.5 15.2 9.1 2.4 3.0 17.0 9.9 

 Pets............................................................................ 99,286 9.0 64.6 35.0 15.3 8.9 2.3 3.1 17.0 9.4 

 Toys, hobbies, and playground equipment ............... 22,395 ( 3 ) 62.2 32.4 14.7 10.0 ( 3 ) 2.6 16.9 ( 3 ) 

 Other entertainment supplies, equipment, and

 services...................................................................... 93,530 ( 3 ) 71.9 40.5 19.3 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 4.5 

 Personal care products and services............................... 116,121 8.1 66.6 35.0 15.8 10.5 2.4 2.9 17.6 7.8 

 Reading............................................................................ 15,644 8.9 58.7 35.1 11.2 8.2 .6 ( 3 ) 25.2 7.1 

 Education ......................................................................... 179,063 9.2 71.2 43.8 12.7 9.8 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 13.8 

 Tobacco products and smoking supplies ........................ 49,790 6.4 61.1 17.5 15.3 16.9 3.7 7.7 15.9 16.7 

 Miscellaneous .................................................................. 135,227 11.4 62.9 34.9 11.8 10.4 2.6 3.2 19.2 6.6 

 Cash contributions ........................................................... 369,374 ( 3 ) 49.7 32.2 7.0 6.5 1.5 2.4 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 

 Personal insurance and pensions.................................... 1,172,216 12.6 78.4 47.6 14.3 10.0 2.6 3.9 4.5 4.5 

 Life and other personal insurance ................................ 69,620 9.7 63.3 38.8 12.0 7.6 2.1 2.8 19.1 8.0 

 Pensions and Social Security ....................................... 1,102,596 12.8 79.4 48.2 14.5 10.1 2.6 4.0 3.5 4.3 

Sources of income and personal taxes:

 Income before taxes......................................................... $12,604,933 11.2 71.7 41.8 13.3 10.3 2.5 3.8 11.4 5.7 

 Wages and salaries ...................................................... 9,818,116 7.7 84.1 49.8 15.3 11.7 3.0 4.4 3.1 5.1 

 Self-employment income .............................................. 863,769 62.2 29.6 16.1 5.9 5.1 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 3.4 ( 3 ) 

 Social Security, private and government

 retirement................................................................... 1,396,199 4.7 20.7 8.6 5.5 4.5 .5 1.5 67.8 6.9 

 Interest, dividends, rental income, and other

 property income......................................................... 307,597 13.2 44.3 28.6 6.6 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 37.8 ( 3 ) 

 Public assistance, Supplemental Security Income,

 Supplementary Nutrition Assistance Program

 (SNAP)....................................................................... 83,294 ( 3 ) 36.3 5.3 11.4 14.6 ( 3 ) 3.6 14.6 42.4 

 Unemployment and workers' compensation,

 veterans' benefits, and regular contributions for

 support....................................................................... 89,571 ( 3 ) 49.9 21.0 10.8 12.9 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 25.4 ( 3 ) 

 Other income ................................................................ 46,387 ( 3 ) 51.4 28.1 10.9 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 29.8 

 Personal taxes (contains some imputed values)............. 1,449,337 16.5 80.5 60.3 10.8 5.8 1.7 1.9 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 

 Federal income taxes ................................................... 1,068,402 17.6 81.0 63.0 10.4 4.7 1.5 1.3 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 

 Stimulus payment (through Q20221)............................ ( 4 ) ( 4 ) ( 4 ) ( 4 ) ( 4 ) ( 4 ) ( 4 ) ( 4 ) ( 4 ) ( 4 ) 

 State and local income taxes........................................ 369,717 13.3 79.7 53.1 12.0 8.8 2.2 3.6 3.3 3.8 

 Other taxes ................................................................... 11,217 ( 3 ) 58.1 36.5 ( 3 ) 7.3 ( 3 ) ( 3 ) 24.3 ( 3 ) 

 Income after taxes............................................................ 11,155,596 10.5 70.6 39.4 13.6 10.9 2.6 4.1 12.6 6.3 

1

 Data are rounded to the nearest thousands.

2

 Value is too small to display.

3

 Data are suppressed due to the Relative Standard Error (RSE) being equal to or greater than 25 percent. See www.bls.gov/cex/tables-getting-started-guide.htm for more information.

4

 No data reported.

Source: Consumer Expenditure Surveys, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, September, 2023