COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA
Present: Judges Fr ank, Clements and Senior Judge Willis

LATOYLA COOPER MEMORANDUM OPINION * BY v. Record No. 0645-03-1 JU DGE JEAN HARRISON CLEMENTS SEPTEMBER 30, 2003 VIRGINIA BEACH DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SERVICES

FROM THE CIRCUIT CO URT OF THE CITY OFVIRGINIA BEACH Edward W. Hans on, Jr., Judge (Adrianne L. Bennett; Berry, Ermlich, Lomax & Bennett, on brief), for appellant. Appellant submitting on brief. (Leslie L. Lilley, CityAttorney; Nianza E. Wallace II, Associat e City Attorney, on brief), for appellee. Appellee submitting on brief. (Lorraine Baysek, on brief), Guardian ad litem for the infant child.
Latoyla Cooper (mothe r) appeals the circuit cour t's February 26, 2003 order finding that she negl ected her infant daughter, M. On appeal, mother cont ends the evidence is ins ufficient to support the trial court's finding of neglect. We d isagree and affirm the trial court's decision.
BACKGROUND On June 14, 2002 , mother took he r two-week-old daughter to visit a friend in a second floor apartment. Whil e there, mother

* Pursuant to Code § 17.1-413, this opinion is not designated for publication.- 2 - argued with her friend and was as ked to leave the residence. As mother left the apartment, M. slipped from her stroller and fell down the stairs, fracturing h er skull. On June 17, 2002, the Department of Social Services (the Depart ment) removed M. from Cooper. M. remain s in foster care.
ANALYSIS Mother contends the evidence presented at trial failed to establish by a preponderance of the evidence that she "abused or neglected" the infant, as defined in Code § 16.1-228(1). We are unable to review this claim because the evidence included in the appendix filed in this case consists only of mother's testimony. The appendix does not indicate what acts the Department alleged constituted neglect or the evidence the Department presented to support the allegations. We cannot determine the sufficiency of the evidence without that information. The appendix must include "any testimony and other incidents of the case germane to the questions presented," Rule 5A:25(c)(3) . . . . "The appendix is a tool vital to the function of the appellate process in Virginia. . . . By requiring the inclusion of all parts of the record germane to the issues, the Rules promote the cause of plenary justice." Thrasher v. Burlage, 219 Va. 1007, 1009-10, 254 S.E.2d 64, 66 (1979) (per curiam). Thus, the filing of an appendix that complies with the Rules, is "essential to an informed collegiate decision." Id. Because the appendix filed in this case does not contain parts of the- 3 - record that are essential to the resolution of the issue before us, we will not decide the issue. Patterson v. City of Richmond , 39 Va. App. 706, 717, 576 S.E.2d 759, 764-65 (2003). We do not presume on appeal that the trial court has erred. In fact, "[w]e have many times pointed out that on appeal the judgment of the lower court is presumed to be correct and the burden is on the appellant to present to us a sufficient record from which we can determine whether the lower court has erred in the respect complained of. If the appellant fails to do this, the judgment will be affirmed." Smith v. Commonwealth, 16 Va. App. 630, 635, 432 S.E.2d 2, 6 (1993) (quoting Justis v. Young, 202 Va. 631, 632, 119 S.E.2d 255, 256-57 (1961)). Because the appendix is insufficient to decide the present issue, we affirm the judgment of the trial court. Affirmed.