H. Res. 183 

In the House of Representatives, U. S., 

March 7, 2019. 

Whereas the first amendment to the Constitution established 

the United States as a country committed to the principles of tolerance and religious freedom, and the 14th 

amendment to the Constitution established equal protection of the laws as the heart of justice in the United 

States; 

Whereas adherence to these principles is vital to the progress 

of the American people and the diverse communities and 

religious groups of the United States; 

Whereas whether from the political right, center, or left, bigotry, discrimination, oppression, racism, and imputations 

of dual loyalty threaten American democracy and have no 

place in American political discourse; 

Whereas white supremacists in the United States have exploited and continue to exploit bigotry and weaponize 

hate for political gain, targeting traditionally persecuted 

peoples, including African Americans, Latinos, Native 

Americans, Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders and 

other people of color, Jews, Muslims, Hindus, Sikhs, the 

LGBTQ community, immigrants, and others with verbal 

attacks, incitement, and violence; 
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Whereas the Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., taught that 

persecution of any American is an assault on the rights 

and freedoms of all Americans; 

Whereas on August 11 and 12, 2017, self-identified neo-Confederates, white nationalists, neo-Nazis, and Ku Klux 

Klansmen held white supremacist events in Charlottesville, Virginia, where they marched on a synagogue under 

the Nazi swastika, engaged in racist and anti-Semitic 

demonstrations and committed brutal and deadly violence 

against peaceful Americans; 

Whereas a white nationalist murdered nine African American 

worshipers at the Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal 

Church in Charleston, South Carolina, on the evening of 

June 17, 2015, in the hopes of igniting a nationwide race 

war; 

Whereas on October 27, 2018, the perpetrator of the deadliest attack on Jewish people in the history of the United 

States killed 11 worshippers at the Tree of Life Synagogue building in Pittsburgh and reportedly stated that 

he ‘‘wanted all Jews to die’’; 

Whereas anti-Semitism is the centuries-old bigotry and form 

of racism faced by Jewish people simply because they are 

Jews; 

Whereas in 2017 the Federal Bureau of Investigation reported a 37 percent increase in hate crimes against Jews 

or Jewish institutions and found that attacks against 

Jews or Jewish institutions made up 58.1 percent of all 

religious-based hate crimes; 

Whereas there is an urgent need to ensure the safety and security of Jewish communities, including synagogues, 

schools, cemeteries, and other institutions; 
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Whereas Jews are the targets of anti-Semitic violence at even 

higher rates in many other countries than they are in the 

United States; 

Whereas it is a foreign policy priority of the United States 

to monitor and combat anti-Semitism abroad; 

Whereas anti-Semitism includes blaming Jews as Jews when 

things go wrong; calling for, aiding, or justifying the killing or harming of Jews in the name of a radical ideology 

or extremist view of religion; or making mendacious, dehumanizing, demonizing, or stereotyped allegations about 

Jews; 

Whereas Jewish people are subject in the media and political 

campaigns to numerous other dangerous anti-Semitic 

myths as well, including that Jews control the United 

States Government or seek global, political, and financial 

domination and that Jews are obsessed with money; 

Whereas scapegoating and targeting of Jews in the United 

States have persisted for many years, including by the 

Ku Klux Klan, the America First Committee, and by 

modern neo-Nazis; 

Whereas accusing Jews of being more loyal to Israel or to the 

Jewish community than to the United States constitutes 

anti-Semitism because it suggests that Jewish citizens 

cannot be patriotic Americans and trusted neighbors, 

when Jews have loyally served our Nation every day since 

its founding, whether in public or community life or military service; 

Whereas accusations of dual loyalty generally have an insidious and pernicious history, including— 
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(1) the discriminatory incarceration of Americans of 

Japanese descent during World War II on their basis of 

race and alleged dual loyalty; 

(2) the Dreyfus affair, when Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish French artillery captain, was falsely convicted of 

passing secrets to Germany based on his Jewish background; 

(3) when the loyalty of President John F. Kennedy 

was questioned because of his Catholic faith; and 

(4) the post-9/11 conditions faced by Muslim-Americans in the United States, including Islamophobia and 

false and vicious attacks on and threats to Muslim-Americans for alleged association with terrorism; 

Whereas anti-Muslim bigotry entails prejudicial attitudes towards Muslims and people who are perceived to be Muslim, including the irrational belief that Muslims are inherently violent, disloyal, and foreign; 

Whereas Muslims and people perceived to be Muslim are subjected to false and dangerous stereotypes and myths including unfair allegations that they sympathize with individuals who engage in violence or terror or support the 

oppression of women, Jews, and other vulnerable communities; 

Whereas in 2017, mosques were bombed in Bloomington, 

Minnesota, and burned in Austin, Texas, Victoria, Texas, 

Bellevue, Washington, and Thonotosassa, Florida, and 

mass attacks on Muslim communities were planned 

against communities in Islamberg, New York, in 2019, 

Jacksonville, Florida, in 2017, and Garden City, Kansas, 

in 2016; 

Whereas the Federal Bureau of Investigation reported that 

hate crimes against Muslims or Muslim institutions in 
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the United States increased by over 99 percent between 

2014 and 2016; 

Whereas attacks motivated by bigotry against those who are 

Muslim or perceived to be Muslim have substantially increased since the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks; 

Whereas the violation of an individual’s civil rights based on 

his or her actual or perceived membership in a particular 

religious group clearly violates the Constitution and laws 

of the United States; and 

Whereas all Americans, including Jews, Muslims, and Christians and people of all faiths and no faith, have a stake 

in fighting anti-Semitism, as all Americans have a stake 

in fighting every form of bigotry and hatred against people based on religion, race, or place of birth and origin: 

Now, therefore, be it 

Resolved, That the House of Representatives— 

(1) rejects the perpetuation of anti-Semitic stereotypes in the United States and around the world, including the pernicious myth of dual loyalty and foreign allegiance, especially in the context of support for the 

United States-Israel alliance; 

(2) condemns anti-Semitic acts and statements as 

hateful expressions of intolerance that are contradictory 

to the values that define the people of the United States; 

(3) reaffirms its support for the mandate of the 

United States Special Envoy to Monitor and Combat 

Anti-Semitism as part of the broader policy priority of 
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fostering international religious freedom and protecting 

human rights all over the world; 

(4) rejects attempts to justify hatred or violent attacks as an acceptable expression of disapproval or frustration over political events in the Middle East or elsewhere; 

(5) acknowledges the harm suffered by Muslims and 

others from the harassment, discrimination, and violence 

that result from anti-Muslim bigotry; 

(6) condemns anti-Muslim discrimination and bigotry against all minorities as contrary to the values of 

the United States; 

(7) condemns the death threats received by Jewish 

and Muslim Members of Congress, including in recent 

weeks; 

(8) encourages law enforcement and government officials to avoid conduct that raises the specter of unconstitutional profiling against anyone because of their race, 

religion, nationality, political, or particular social group, 

including the assignment of blame or targeting members 

of an entire religious group for increased suspicion, 

based on the conduct of a single individual or small 

group of individuals; and 

(9) encourages all public officials to confront the reality of anti-Semitism, Islamophobia, racism, and other 
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forms of bigotry, as well as historical struggles against 

them, to ensure that the United States will live up to the 

transcendent principles of tolerance, religious freedom, 

and equal protection as embodied in the Declaration of 

Independence and the first and 14th amendments to the 

Constitution. 

Attest: 

Clerk.