EX-10.5





 Exhibit 10.5 

Certain identified information marked with [***] has been excluded from the exhibit because it is both not 

material and is the type that the registrant treats as private or confidential. 

COMMON STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT 

Dated as of August 11, 2022 

by and between 
 RIGETTI
COMPUTING, INC. 
 and 

B. RILEY PRINCIPAL CAPITAL II, LLC 












 TABLE OF CONTENTS 

 

							
	 	 	 	  	Page	 
		
	 Article I DEFINITIONS
	  	 	1	 
		
	 Article II PURCHASE AND SALE OF COMMON STOCK
	  	 	2	 
			
	 Section 2.1.
	 	Purchase and Sale of Stock	  	 	2	 
	 Section 2.2.
	 	Closing Date; Settlement Dates	  	 	2	 
	 Section 2.3.
	 	Initial Public Announcements and Required Filings	  	 	2	 
		
	 Article III PURCHASE TERMS
	  	 	3	 
			
	 Section 3.1.
	 	VWAP Purchases	  	 	3	 
	 Section 3.2.
	 	Intraday VWAP Purchases	  	 	4	 
	 Section 3.3.
	 	Settlement	  	 	4	 
	 Section 3.4.
	 	Compliance with Rules of Trading Market	  	 	6	 
	 Section 3.5.
	 	Beneficial Ownership Limitation	  	 	6	 
		
	 Article IV REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS OF THE INVESTOR
	  	 	7	 
			
	 Section 4.1.
	 	Organization and Standing of the Investor	  	 	7	 
	 Section 4.2.
	 	Authorization and Power	  	 	7	 
	 Section 4.3.
	 	No Conflicts	  	 	7	 
	 Section 4.4.
	 	Investment Purpose	  	 	8	 
	 Section 4.5.
	 	Accredited Investor Status	  	 	8	 
	 Section 4.6.
	 	Reliance on Exemptions	  	 	8	 
	 Section 4.7.
	 	Information	  	 	8	 
	 Section 4.8.
	 	No Governmental Review	  	 	9	 
	 Section 4.9.
	 	No General Solicitation	  	 	9	 
	 Section 4.10.
	 	Not an Affiliate	  	 	9	 
	 Section 4.11.
	 	No Prior Short Sales	  	 	9	 
	 Section 4.12.
	 	Statutory Underwriter Status	  	 	9	 
	 Section 4.13.
	 	Resales of Securities	  	 	10	 
		
	 Article V REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY
	  	 	10	 
			
	 Section 5.1.
	 	Organization, Good Standing and Power	  	 	10	 
	 Section 5.2.
	 	Authorization, Enforcement	  	 	10	 
	 Section 5.3.
	 	Capitalization	  	 	11	 
	 Section 5.4.
	 	Issuance of Securities	  	 	11	 
	 Section 5.5.
	 	No Conflicts	  	 	11	 
	 Section 5.6.
	 	Commission Documents, Financial Statements; Disclosure Controls and Procedures; Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting; Accountants	  	 	12	 
	 Section 5.7.
	 	Subsidiaries	  	 	15	 
	 Section 5.8.
	 	No Material Adverse Effect or Material Adverse Change	  	 	15	 
	 Section 5.9.
	 	No Undisclosed Liabilities	  	 	15	 
	 Section 5.10.
	 	No Material Defaults	  	 	15	 
	 Section 5.11.
	 	Solvency	  	 	16	 


  
 i 














							
	 Section 5.12.
	 	Title To Assets	  	 	16	 
	 Section 5.13.
	 	Actions Pending	  	 	16	 
	 Section 5.14.
	 	Compliance With Laws; Permits	  	 	16	 
	 Section 5.15.
	 	Certain Fees	  	 	17	 
	 Section 5.16.
	 	Disclosure	  	 	17	 
	 Section 5.17.
	 	Intellectual Property	  	 	17	 
	 Section 5.18.
	 	Environmental Compliance	  	 	18	 
	 Section 5.19.
	 	Material Contracts	  	 	18	 
	 Section 5.20.
	 	Transactions With Affiliates	  	 	19	 
	 Section 5.21.
	 	Employees; Labor Law	  	 	19	 
	 Section 5.22.
	 	Use of Proceeds	  	 	19	 
	 Section 5.23.
	 	Investment Company Act Status	  	 	19	 
	 Section 5.24.
	 	ERISA	  	 	19	 
	 Section 5.25.
	 	Taxes	  	 	20	 
	 Section 5.26.
	 	Insurance	  	 	20	 
	 Section 5.27.
	 	Exemption from Registration	  	 	20	 
	 Section 5.28.
	 	No General Solicitation or Advertising	  	 	20	 
	 Section 5.29.
	 	No Integrated Offering	  	 	20	 
	 Section 5.30.
	 	Dilutive Effect	  	 	21	 
	 Section 5.31.
	 	Manipulation of Price	  	 	21	 
	 Section 5.32.
	 	Securities Act	  	 	21	 
	 Section 5.33.
	 	Listing and Maintenance Requirements; DTC Eligibility	  	 	21	 
	 Section 5.34.
	 	Application of Takeover Protections	  	 	22	 
	 Section 5.35.
	 	No Unlawful Payments	  	 	22	 
	 Section 5.36.
	 	International Trade	  	 	22	 
	 Section 5.37.
	 	Government Contracts	  	 	23	 
	 Section 5.38.
	 	IT Systems	  	 	24	 
	 Section 5.39.
	 	Compliance With Data Security Requirements	  	 	24	 
	 Section 5.40.
	 	No Disqualification Events	  	 	25	 
	 Section 5.41.
	 	Acknowledgement Regarding Investor’s Acquisition of Securities	  	 	25	 
		
	 Article VI ADDITIONAL COVENANTS
	  	 	25	 
			
	 Section 6.1.
	 	Securities Compliance	  	 	25	 
	 Section 6.2.
	 	Reservation of Common Stock	  	 	26	 
	 Section 6.3.
	 	Registration and Listing	  	 	26	 
	 Section 6.4.
	 	Compliance with Laws	  	 	27	 
	 Section 6.5.
	 	Keeping of Records and Books of Account; Due Diligence	  	 	27	 
	 Section 6.6.
	 	No Frustration; No Variable Rate Transactions	  	 	28	 
	 Section 6.7.
	 	Corporate Existence	  	 	28	 
	 Section 6.8.
	 	Fundamental Transaction	  	 	28	 
	 Section 6.9.
	 	Selling Restrictions	  	 	28	 
	 Section 6.10.
	 	Effective Registration Statement	  	 	29	 
	 Section 6.11.
	 	Blue Sky	  	 	29	 
	 Section 6.12.
	 	Non-Public Information	  	 	29	 
	 Section 6.13.
	 	Broker-Dealer	  	 	30	 
	 Section 6.14.
	 	Disclosure Schedule	  	 	30	 


  
 ii 














							
	 Section 6.15.
	 	Delivery of Bring Down Letter, Compliance Certificate, and Comfort Letter Upon Occurrence of Certain Events	  	 	31	 
		
	 Article VII CONDITIONS TO CLOSING, COMMENCEMENT AND PURCHASES
	  	 	32	 
			
	 Section 7.1.
	 	Conditions Precedent to Closing	  	 	32	 
	 Section 7.2.
	 	Conditions Precedent to Commencement	  	 	33	 
	 Section 7.3.
	 	Conditions Precedent to Purchases after Commencement Date	  	 	36	 
		
	 Article VIII TERMINATION
	  	 	41	 
			
	 Section 8.1.
	 	Automatic Termination	  	 	41	 
	 Section 8.2.
	 	Other Termination	  	 	41	 
	 Section 8.3.
	 	Effect of Termination	  	 	42	 
		
	 Article IX INDEMNIFICATION
	  	 	43	 
			
	 Section 9.1.
	 	Indemnification of Investor	  	 	43	 
	 Section 9.2.
	 	Indemnification Procedures	  	 	44	 
		
	 Article X MISCELLANEOUS
	  	 	45	 
			
	 Section 10.1.
	 	Certain Fees and Expenses; Commitment Shares; Commencement Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions	  	 	45	 
	 Section 10.2.
	 	Specific Enforcement, Consent to Jurisdiction, Waiver of Jury Trial.	  	 	47	 
	 Section 10.3.
	 	Entire Agreement	  	 	48	 
	 Section 10.4.
	 	Notices	  	 	48	 
	 Section 10.5.
	 	Waivers	  	 	49	 
	 Section 10.6.
	 	Amendments	  	 	49	 
	 Section 10.7.
	 	Headings	  	 	50	 
	 Section 10.8.
	 	Construction	  	 	50	 
	 Section 10.9.
	 	Binding Effect	  	 	50	 
	 Section 10.10.
	 	No Third Party Beneficiaries	  	 	50	 
	 Section 10.11.
	 	Governing Law	  	 	50	 
	 Section 10.12.
	 	Survival	  	 	50	 
	 Section 10.13.
	 	Counterparts	  	 	50	 
	 Section 10.14.
	 	Publicity	  	 	51	 
	 Section 10.15.
	 	Severability	  	 	51	 
	 Section 10.16.
	 	Further Assurances	  	 	51	 

 Annex I. Definitions 

  
 iii 













 COMMON STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT 

This COMMON STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT is made and entered into as of August 11, 2022 (this “Agreement”), by
and between B. Riley Principal Capital II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Investor”), and Rigetti Computing, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”). 

RECITALS 
 WHEREAS,
the parties desire that, upon the terms and subject to the conditions and limitations set forth herein, the Company may issue and sell to the Investor, from time to time as provided herein, and the Investor shall purchase from the Company, up to the
lesser of (i) $75,000,000 in aggregate gross purchase price of newly issued shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”), and (ii) the Exchange Cap (to the extent applicable
under Section 3.4); 
 WHEREAS, such sales of Common Stock by the Company to the Investor will be made in reliance upon the
provisions of Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act (“Section 4(a)(2)”) and Rule 506(b) of Regulation D promulgated by the Commission under the Securities Act
(“Regulation D”), and upon such other exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act as may be available with respect to any or all of the sales of Common Stock to the
Investor to be made hereunder; 
 WHEREAS, the parties hereto are concurrently entering into a Registration Rights Agreement in the
form attached as Exhibit A hereto (the “Registration Rights Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company shall register the resale of the Registrable Securities (as defined in the Registration Rights
Agreement), upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth therein; and 
 WHEREAS, in consideration for the Investor’s
execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company is concurrently causing its transfer agent to issue to the Investor the Commitment Shares pursuant to and in accordance with Section 10.1(ii); 

NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows: 

ARTICLE I 
 DEFINITIONS

 Capitalized terms used in this Agreement shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in Annex I hereto, and hereby made a
part hereof, or as otherwise set forth in this Agreement. 












 ARTICLE II 

PURCHASE AND SALE OF COMMON STOCK 

Section 2.1. Purchase and Sale of Stock. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this
Agreement, during the Investment Period, the Company, in its sole discretion, shall have the right, but not the obligation, to issue and sell to the Investor, and the Investor shall purchase from the Company, up to the lesser of (i) $75,000,000 (the
“Total Commitment”) in aggregate gross purchase price of duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock and (ii) the Exchange Cap, to the
extent applicable under Section 3.4 (such lesser amount of shares of Common Stock, the “Aggregate Limit”), by the delivery to the Investor of VWAP Purchase Notices and Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices as provided in
Article III. 
 Section 2.2. Closing Date; Settlement Dates. This Agreement shall become effective
and binding (the “Closing”) upon (a) the delivery of counterpart signature pages of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement executed by each of the parties hereto and thereto, and (b) the delivery of
all other documents, instruments and writings required to be delivered at the Closing, in each case as provided in Section 7.1(iv), to the offices of Duane Morris LLP, 1540 Broadway, New York, NY 10036, at 10:00 a.m, New York City time, on the
Closing Date. In consideration of and in express reliance upon the representations, warranties and covenants contained in, and upon the terms and subject to the conditions of, this Agreement, during the Investment Period, the Company, at its sole
option and discretion, may issue and sell to the Investor, and, if the Company elects to so issue and sell, the Investor shall purchase from the Company, the Shares in respect of each VWAP Purchase and each Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable).
The delivery of Shares in respect of each VWAP Purchase and each Intraday VWAP Purchase, and the payment for such Shares, shall occur in accordance with Section 3.3. 

Section 2.3. Initial Public Announcements and Required Filings. The Company shall, not later than 5:30
p.m., New York City time, on the date of this Agreement, file with the Commission a Current Report on Form 8-K disclosing the execution of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement by the Company
and the Investor and describing the material terms thereof, including, without limitation, the issuance of the Commitment Shares to the Investor in accordance with Section 10.1(ii), and attaching as exhibits thereto copies of each of this
Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement (including all exhibits thereto, the “Current Report”). The Company shall provide the Investor a reasonable opportunity to comment on a draft of the Current Report prior to
filing the Current Report with the Commission and shall give due consideration to all such comments. From and after the filing of the Current Report with the Commission, the Company shall have publicly disclosed all material, nonpublic information
delivered to the Investor (or the Investor’s representatives or agents) by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, agents or representatives (if any) in connection with the transactions
contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Investor covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company as described in this
Section 2.3, the Investor shall maintain the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (including the existence and terms of the transactions contemplated
thereby), except that the Investor may disclose the terms of such transactions to its financial, accounting, legal and other advisors (provided that the Investor directs such Persons to maintain the confidentiality of such information). Not later
than 15 calendar days following the Closing Date, the Company shall file a Form D with respect to the issuance and sale of the Securities in accordance with Regulation D and shall provide a copy thereof to the Investor promptly after such filing.
The Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to prepare and, in no event later than the applicable Filing Deadline, file with the Commission the Initial Registration Statement and any New Registration Statement covering only the resale
by the Investor of the Registrable Securities in accordance with the Securities Act and the Registration 

  
 2 













 
Rights Agreement. At or before the second (2nd) Trading Day immediately following the Effective Date of the Initial Registration Statement and
any New Registration Statement (or any post-effective amendment thereto), the Company shall file with the Commission in accordance with Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act the final Prospectus to be used in connection with resales of the
Registrable Securities by the Investor pursuant to such Registration Statement (or post-effective amendment thereto). 
 ARTICLE III

 PURCHASE TERMS 

Subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Article VII, the parties agree as follows: 

Section 3.1. VWAP Purchases. Upon the initial satisfaction of all of the conditions set forth in
Section 7.2 (the “Commencement” and the date of initial satisfaction of all of such conditions, the “Commencement Date”) and from time to time thereafter, subject to the satisfaction of all of the
conditions set forth in Section 7.3, the Company shall have the right, but not the obligation, to direct the Investor, by its timely delivery to the Investor of a VWAP Purchase Notice for a VWAP Purchase on the applicable Purchase Date
therefor, to purchase a specified VWAP Purchase Share Amount, which shall not exceed the applicable VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount, at the applicable VWAP Purchase Price therefor on such Purchase Date in accordance with this Agreement (each such
purchase, a “VWAP Purchase”). The Company may timely deliver to the Investor a VWAP Purchase Notice for a VWAP Purchase on any Trading Day selected by the Company as the Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase, so long as
(i) the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding such Purchase Date is not less than the Threshold Price, and (ii) all Shares subject to all prior VWAP Purchases and Intraday VWAP Purchases (as
applicable) pursuant to this Agreement have been received by the Investor as DWAC Shares prior to the Company’s delivery to the Investor of such VWAP Purchase Notice for such VWAP Purchase on such Purchase Date. The Investor is obligated to
accept each VWAP Purchase Notice prepared and delivered by the Company in accordance with the terms of and subject to the satisfaction of the conditions contained in this Agreement. If the Company delivers any VWAP Purchase Notice directing the
Investor to purchase a VWAP Purchase Share Amount in excess of the applicable VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount that the Company is then permitted to include in such VWAP Purchase Notice, such VWAP Purchase Notice shall be void ab initio to the
extent of the amount by which the VWAP Purchase Share Amount set forth in such VWAP Purchase Notice exceeds such applicable VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount, and the Investor shall have no obligation to purchase, and shall not purchase, such excess
Shares pursuant to such VWAP Purchase Notice; provided, however, that the Investor shall remain obligated to purchase the applicable VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount pursuant to such VWAP Purchase. At or prior to 5:30 p.m., New York City
time, on the Purchase Date for each VWAP Purchase, the Investor shall provide to the Company, by email correspondence to each of the individual notice recipients of the Company set forth in the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice, a written confirmation
for such VWAP Purchase, setting forth the applicable VWAP Purchase Price per Share to be paid by the Investor for the Shares purchased by the Investor in such VWAP Purchase, and the total aggregate VWAP Purchase Price to be paid by the Investor for
the total VWAP Purchase Share Amount purchased by the Investor in such VWAP Purchase. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not deliver any VWAP Purchase Notices to the Investor during the PEA Period. 

  
 3 













 Section 3.2. Intraday VWAP Purchases. Upon the
initial satisfaction of all of the conditions set forth in Section 7.2 on the Commencement Date and from time to time thereafter, subject to the satisfaction of all of the conditions set forth in Section 7.3, in addition to VWAP Purchases
as described in Section 3.1, the Company shall also have the right, but not the obligation, to direct the Investor, by its timely delivery to the Investor of an Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice on the applicable Purchase Date therefor, to purchase
a specified Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount, which shall not exceed the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount, at the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Price therefor on such Purchase Date in accordance with this Agreement (each such
purchase, an “Intraday VWAP Purchase”). The Company may timely deliver to the Investor an Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice for an Intraday VWAP Purchase on any Trading Day selected by the Company as the Purchase Date for such
Intraday VWAP Purchase, so long as (i) the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding such Purchase Date is not less than the Threshold Price, and (ii) all Shares subject to all prior VWAP Purchases and
Intraday VWAP Purchases (as applicable) have been received by the Investor as DWAC Shares prior to the Company’s delivery to the Investor of such Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice for such Intraday VWAP Purchase on such Purchase Date. The Investor
is obligated to accept each Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice prepared and delivered by the Company in accordance with the terms of and subject to the satisfaction of the conditions contained in this Agreement. If the Company delivers any Intraday VWAP
Purchase Notice directing the Investor to purchase an Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount in excess of the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount that the Company is then permitted to include in such Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice, such
Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice shall be void ab initio to the extent of the amount by which the Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount set forth in such Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice exceeds such applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount,
and the Investor shall have no obligation to purchase, and shall not purchase, such excess Shares pursuant to such Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice; provided, however, that the Investor shall remain obligated to purchase the applicable
Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount pursuant to such Intraday VWAP Purchase. At or prior to 5:30 p.m., New York City time, on the Purchase Date on which one or more Intraday VWAP Purchases shall have occurred, the Investor shall provide to the
Company, by email correspondence to each of the individual notice recipients of the Company set forth in the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice, a written confirmation for each such Intraday VWAP Purchase, setting forth the applicable Intraday
VWAP Purchase Price per Share to be paid by the Investor for the Shares purchased by the Investor in such Intraday VWAP Purchase, and the total aggregate Intraday VWAP Purchase Price to be paid by the Investor for the total Intraday VWAP Purchase
Share Amount purchased by the Investor in such Intraday VWAP Purchase. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not deliver any Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices to the Investor during the PEA Period. 

Section 3.3. Settlement. The Shares constituting the applicable VWAP Purchase Share Amount purchased
by the Investor in each VWAP Purchase, and the Shares constituting the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount purchased by the Investor in each Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), in each case shall be delivered to the Investor as DWAC
Shares not later than 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Trading Day immediately following the Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase and for each such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as 

  
 4 













 
applicable) (the “Purchase Share Delivery Date”). For (a) each VWAP Purchase, the Investor shall pay to the Company an amount in cash equal to the product of
(1) the total number of Shares purchased by the Investor in such VWAP Purchase and (2) the applicable VWAP Purchase Price for such Shares, as full payment for such Shares purchased by the Investor in such VWAP Purchase, and (b) each
Intraday VWAP Purchase, the Investor shall pay to the Company an amount in cash equal to the product of (1) the total number of Shares purchased by the Investor in such Intraday VWAP Purchase and (2) the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase
Price for such Shares, as full payment for such Shares purchased by the Investor in such Intraday VWAP Purchase, in each case via wire transfer of immediately available funds, not later than 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Trading Day
immediately following the applicable Purchase Share Delivery Date for such VWAP Purchase and for each such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), provided the Investor shall have timely received, as DWAC Shares, all of such Shares purchased by the
Investor in such VWAP Purchase and Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) on such Purchase Share Delivery Date in accordance with the first sentence of this Section 3.3, or, if any of such Shares are received by the Investor after 1:00 p.m.,
New York City time, then the Company’s receipt of such funds in its designated account may occur on the Trading Day next following the Trading Day on which the Investor shall have received all of such Shares as DWAC Shares, but not later than
5:00 p.m., New York City time, on such next Trading Day. If the Company or its transfer agent shall fail for any reason to deliver to the Investor, as DWAC Shares, any Shares purchased by the Investor in a VWAP Purchase or an Intraday VWAP Purchase
prior to 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Trading Day immediately following the applicable Purchase Share Delivery Date for such VWAP Purchase and for each such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), and if on or after such Trading Day the
Investor purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Investor of such Shares that the Investor anticipated receiving from the Company on such Purchase Share Delivery Date
in respect of such VWAP Purchase or such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), then the Company shall, within one (1) Trading Day after the Investor’s request, either (i) pay cash to the Investor in an amount equal to the
Investor’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased (the “Cover Price”), at which point the Company’s obligation to deliver such Shares as DWAC
Shares shall terminate, or (ii) promptly honor its obligation to deliver to the Investor such Shares as DWAC Shares and pay cash to the Investor in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of the Cover Price over the total purchase price paid by
the Investor pursuant to this Agreement for all of the Shares purchased by the Investor in such VWAP Purchase or such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable). The Company shall not issue any fraction of a share of Common Stock to the Investor in
connection with any VWAP Purchase or Intraday VWAP Purchase effected pursuant to this Agreement. If the issuance would result in the issuance of a fraction of a share of Common Stock, the Company shall round such fraction of a share of Common Stock
up or down to the nearest whole share. All payments to be made by the Investor pursuant to this Agreement shall be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to such account as the Company may from time to time designate by written notice
to the Investor in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. 

  
 5 













 Section 3.4. Compliance with Rules of Trading Market. 

(a) Exchange Cap. Subject to Section 3.4(b), the Company shall not issue or sell any shares of Common Stock
pursuant to this Agreement, and the Investor shall not purchase or acquire any shares of Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement, to the extent that after giving effect thereto, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that would be issued
pursuant to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby would exceed 23,648,889 shares of Common Stock (such number of shares equal to approximately 19.99% of the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding
immediately prior to the execution of this Agreement), which number of shares shall be reduced, on a share-for-share basis, by the number of shares of Common Stock
issued or issuable pursuant to any transaction or series of transactions that may be aggregated with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement under applicable rules of the Trading Market (such maximum number of shares of Common Stock, the
“Exchange Cap”), unless the Company’s stockholders have approved the issuance of Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement in excess of the Exchange Cap in accordance with the applicable rules of the Trading Market. For
the avoidance of doubt, the Company may, but shall be under no obligation to, request its stockholders to approve the issuance of Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement; provided, that if such stockholder approval is not obtained, the
Exchange Cap shall be applicable for all purposes of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby at all times during the term of this Agreement (except as set forth in Section 3.4(b)). 

(b) At-Market Transaction. Notwithstanding Section 3.4(a) above, the
Exchange Cap shall not be applicable for any purposes of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, solely to the extent that (and only for so long as) the Average Price shall equal or exceed the Base Price (it being hereby
acknowledged and agreed that the Exchange Cap shall be applicable for all purposes of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby at all other times during the term of this Agreement, unless the stockholder approval referred to in
Section 3.4(a) is obtained). The parties acknowledge and agree that the Minimum Price used to determine the Base Price hereunder represents the lower of (i) the Nasdaq official closing price of the Common Stock on the Trading Market (as
reflected on Nasdaq.com) on the Trading Day immediately prior to the date of this Agreement and (ii) the average Nasdaq official closing price of the Common Stock on the Trading Market (as reflected on Nasdaq.com) for the five
(5) consecutive Trading Days ending on the Trading Day immediately prior to the date of this Agreement. 
 (c)
General. The Company shall not issue or sell any shares of Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement if such issuance or sale would reasonably be expected to result in (A) a violation of the Securities Act or (B) a
breach of the rules of the Trading Market. The provisions of this Section 3.4 shall be implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 3.4 only if necessary to ensure compliance with the
Securities Act and the applicable rules of the Trading Market. 
 Section 3.5. Beneficial Ownership
Limitation. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Company shall not issue or sell, and the Investor shall not purchase or acquire, any shares of Common Stock under this Agreement which, when
aggregated with all other shares of Common Stock then beneficially owned by the Investor and its affiliates (as calculated pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and Rule 13d-3 promulgated
thereunder), would result in the beneficial ownership by the Investor of more than 4.99% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (the “Beneficial Ownership Limitation”). Upon the written request of the
Investor, the Company shall promptly (but not later than the next business day on which the Company’s transfer agent is open for business) confirm orally or in writing to the Investor the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. The
Investor and the Company 

  
 6 













 
shall each cooperate in good faith in the determinations required under this Section 3.5 and the application of this Section 3.5. The Investor’s written certification to the
Company of the applicability of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the resulting effect thereof hereunder at any time, shall be conclusive with respect to the applicability thereof and such result absent manifest error. The provisions of this
Section 3.5 shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 3.5 to the extent necessary to properly give effect to the limitations contained in this Section 3.5. 

ARTICLE IV 

REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS OF THE INVESTOR 

The Investor hereby makes the following representations, warranties and covenants to the Company: 

Section 4.1. Organization and Standing of the Investor. The Investor is a limited liability company
duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware. 
 Section 4.2.
Authorization and Power. The Investor has the requisite limited liability company power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement and to purchase or acquire the
Securities in accordance with the terms hereof. The execution, delivery and performance by the Investor of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been
duly authorized by all necessary limited liability company action, and no further consent or authorization of the Investor, its officers or its sole member is required. Each of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement has been duly
executed and delivered by the Investor and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the Investor enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium, liquidation, conservatorship, receivership, or similar laws relating to, or affecting generally the enforcement of, creditor’s rights and remedies or by other equitable principles of general application (including
any limitation of equitable remedies). 
 Section 4.3. No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and
performance by the Investor of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement and the consummation by the Investor of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not and shall not (i) result in a violation of such Investor’s
certificate of formation, limited liability company agreement or other applicable organizational instruments, (ii) conflict with, constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would become a default) under, or
give rise to any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any material agreement, mortgage, deed of trust, indenture, note, bond, license, lease agreement, instrument or obligation to which the Investor is a party or is
bound, (iii) create or impose any lien, charge or encumbrance on any property of the Investor under any agreement or any commitment to which the Investor is party or under which the Investor is bound or under which any of its properties or
assets are bound, or (iv) result in a violation of any federal, state, local or foreign statute, rule, or regulation, or any order, judgment or decree of any Governmental Authority applicable to the Investor or by which any of its properties or
assets are bound or affected, except, in the case of clauses (ii), (iii) and (iv), for such 

  
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conflicts, defaults, terminations, amendments, acceleration, cancellations and violations as would not, individually or in the aggregate, prohibit or otherwise interfere with, in any material
respect, the ability of the Investor to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. The Investor is not required under any applicable federal, state or local law, rule or regulation to obtain
any consent, authorization or order of, or make any filing or registration with, any Governmental Authority in order for it to execute, deliver or perform any of its obligations under this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement or to
purchase or acquire the Securities in accordance with the terms hereof; provided, however, that for purposes of the representation made in this sentence, the Investor is assuming and relying upon the accuracy of the relevant
representations and warranties and the compliance with the relevant covenants and agreements of the Company in the Transaction Documents to which it is a party. 

Section 4.4. Investment Purpose. The Investor is acquiring the Securities for its own account, for
investment purposes and not with a view towards, or for resale in connection with, the public sale or distribution thereof, in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities laws; provided, however, that by making
the representations herein, the Investor does not agree, or make any representation or warranty, to hold any of the Securities for any minimum or other specific term and reserves the right to dispose of the Securities at any time in accordance with,
or pursuant to, a Registration Statement filed pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement or an applicable exemption under the Securities Act. The Investor does not presently have any agreement or understanding, directly or indirectly, with any
Person to sell or distribute any of the Securities. The Investor is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the ordinary course of its business. 

Section 4.5. Accredited Investor Status. The Investor is an “accredited investor” as that
term is defined in Rule 501(a) of Regulation D. 
 Section 4.6. Reliance on Exemptions. The Investor
understands that the Securities are being offered and sold to it in reliance on specific exemptions from the registration requirements of U.S. federal and state securities laws and that the Company is relying in part upon the truth and accuracy of,
and the Investor’s compliance with, the representations, warranties, agreements, acknowledgments and understandings of the Investor set forth herein in order to determine the availability of such exemptions and the eligibility of the Investor
to acquire the Securities. 
 Section 4.7. Information. All materials relating to the business,
financial condition, management and operations of the Company and materials relating to the offer and sale of the Securities which have been requested by the Investor have been furnished or otherwise made available to the Investor or its advisors,
including, without limitation, the Commission Documents. The Investor understands that its investment in the Securities involves a high degree of risk. The Investor is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities and has such
knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that it is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of a proposed investment in the Securities. The Investor and its advisors have been afforded the opportunity to ask questions of and
receive answers from representatives of the Company concerning the financial condition and business of the Company and other matters relating to an investment in the Securities. Neither such inquiries nor any other due diligence investigations
conducted by the Investor or its advisors, if any, or its representatives shall modify, amend or affect the Investor’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or in any other Transaction
Document to which the Company is a 

  
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party or the Investor’s right to rely on any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transaction contemplated
hereby (including, without limitation, the opinions of the Company’s counsel delivered pursuant to Section 7.2(xvi)). The Investor has sought such accounting, legal and tax advice as it has considered necessary to make an informed
investment decision with respect to its acquisition of the Securities. The Investor understands that it (and not the Company) shall be responsible for its own tax liabilities that may arise as a result of this investment or the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement. 
 Section 4.8. No Governmental Review. The Investor understands
that no United States federal or state agency or any other government or Governmental Authority has passed on or made any recommendation or endorsement of the Securities or the fairness or suitability of an investment in the Securities nor have such
authorities passed upon or endorsed the merits of the offering of the Securities. 
 Section 4.9. No General
Solicitation. The Investor is not purchasing or acquiring the Securities as a result of any form of general solicitation or general advertising (within the meaning of Regulation D) in connection with the offer or sale of the Securities. 

Section 4.10. Not an Affiliate. The Investor is not an officer, director or an Affiliate of the
Company. As of the date of this Agreement, the Investor does not beneficially own any shares of Common Stock or securities exercisable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock, other than the Commitment Shares. During the Investment Period,
the Investor will not acquire for its own account any shares of Common Stock or securities exercisable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock, other than pursuant to this Agreement; provided, however, that nothing in this
Agreement shall prohibit or be deemed to prohibit the Investor from purchasing, in an open market transaction or otherwise, shares of Common Stock necessary to make delivery by the Investor in satisfaction of a sale by the Investor of Shares that
the Investor anticipated receiving from the Company in connection with the settlement of a VWAP Purchase or an Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) if the Company or its transfer agent shall have failed for any reason (other than a failure of the
Investor or its Broker-Dealer to set up a DWAC and required instructions) to electronically transfer all of the Shares subject to such VWAP Purchase or such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) to the Investor on the applicable Purchase Share
Delivery Date by crediting the Investor’s or its designated Broker-Dealer’s account at DTC through its DWAC delivery system in compliance with Section 3.3 of this Agreement. 

Section 4.11. No Prior Short Sales. At no time prior to the date of this Agreement has the Investor,
its sole member, any of their respective officers, or any entity managed or controlled by the Investor or its sole member, engaged in or effected, in any manner whatsoever, directly or indirectly, for its own account or for the account of any of its
Affiliates, any (i) “short sale” (as such term is defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO of the Exchange Act) of the Common Stock or (ii) hedging transaction, which establishes a net short position with respect to the Common Stock.

 Section 4.12. Statutory Underwriter Status. The Investor acknowledges that it will be disclosed
as an “underwriter” and a “selling stockholder” in each Registration Statement and in any Prospectus contained therein to the extent required by applicable law and to the extent the Prospectus is related to the resale of
Registrable Securities. 

  
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 Section 4.13. Resales of Securities. The Investor
represents, warrants and covenants that it will resell Securities purchased or acquired by the Investor from the Company pursuant to this Agreement only pursuant to the Registration Statement in which the resale of such Securities is registered
under the Securities Act and the Prospectus contained therein, in a manner described under the caption “Plan of Distribution (Conflict of Interest)” in such Registration Statement and Prospectus, and in a manner in compliance with all
applicable U.S. federal and applicable state securities laws, rules and regulations. 
 ARTICLE V 

REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY 

Except as set forth in the disclosure schedule delivered by the Company to the Investor, if any (which is hereby incorporated by reference in,
and constitutes an integral part of, this Agreement) (the “Disclosure Schedule”), the Company hereby makes the following representations, warranties and covenants to the Investor: 

Section 5.1. Organization, Good Standing and Power. The Company is a corporation duly organized,
validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has the corporate power and authority to own, lease or operate its assets and properties and to conduct its business as now being conducted. The Company is duly
licensed or qualified and in good standing (or equivalent status, as applicable) in each jurisdiction in which the assets owned or leased by it or the character of its activities require it to be licensed or qualified or in good standing (or
equivalent status, as applicable), except where the failure to be so licensed or qualified, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

Section 5.2. Authorization, Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority
to enter into and perform its obligations under each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and to issue the Securities in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof. Except for approvals of the Company’s Board of Directors or a
committee thereof as may be required in connection with any issuance and sale of Shares to the Investor hereunder (which approvals shall be obtained prior to the delivery of any VWAP Purchase Notice and any Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice), the
execution, delivery and performance by the Company of each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary
corporate action, and no further consent or authorization of the Company, its Board of Directors or its stockholders is required. Each of the Transaction Documents to which the Company is a party has been duly executed and delivered by the Company
and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation,
conservatorship, receivership or similar laws relating to, or affecting generally the enforcement of, creditor’s rights and remedies or by other equitable principles of general application (including any limitation of equitable remedies). 

  
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 Section 5.3. Capitalization. The authorized
capital stock of the Company consists of 1,000,000,000 shares of Common Stock and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share (the “Preferred Stock”). As of June 30, 2022, the Company had 117,102,735
shares of Common Stock and no shares of Preferred Stock outstanding. All of the outstanding shares of Common Stock have been duly authorized and validly issued, and are fully paid and non-assessable. Except as
set forth in the Commission Documents, this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement, there are no agreements or arrangements under which the Company is obligated to register the sale of any securities under the Securities Act. Except as set
forth in the Commission Documents and the Disclosure Schedule, no shares of Common Stock are entitled to preemptive rights and there are no outstanding debt securities and no contracts, commitments, understandings, or arrangements by which the
Company is or may become bound to issue additional shares of the capital stock of the Company or options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities or rights convertible into
or exchangeable for, any shares of capital stock of the Company other than those issued or granted in the ordinary course of business pursuant to the Company’s equity incentive and/or compensatory plans or arrangements. Except for customary
transfer restrictions contained in agreements entered into by the Company to sell restricted securities or as set forth in the Commission Documents, the Company is not a party to, and it has no Knowledge of, any agreement restricting the voting or
transfer of any shares of the capital stock of the Company. Except as set forth in the Commission Documents, there are no securities or instruments containing anti-dilution or similar provisions that will be triggered by this Agreement, the
Registration Rights Agreement or any of the other Transaction Documents, or the consummation of the transactions described herein or therein. The Company has filed with the Commission true and correct copies of the Company’s Certificate of
Incorporation as in effect on the Closing Date (the “Charter”), and the Company’s Bylaws as in effect on the Closing Date (the “Bylaws”). 

Section 5.4. Issuance of Securities. The Commitment Shares have been, and the Shares to be issued
under this Agreement have been, or with respect to Shares to be purchased by the Investor pursuant to a particular VWAP Purchase Notice or pursuant to a particular Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable), will be, prior to the delivery to the
Investor hereunder of such VWAP Purchase Notice and prior to the delivery to the Investor hereunder of such Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable), duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company. The Commitment
Shares, when issued to the Investor in accordance with this Agreement, and the Shares, when issued and sold against payment therefor in accordance with this Agreement, shall be validly issued and outstanding, fully paid and non-assessable and free from all liens, charges, taxes, security interests, encumbrances, rights of first refusal, preemptive or similar rights and other encumbrances with respect to the issue thereof, and the
Investor shall be entitled to all rights accorded to a holder of Common Stock. An aggregate of 23,477,881 shares of Common Stock have been duly authorized and reserved by the Company for issuance and sale to the Investor as Shares pursuant to VWAP
Purchases and Intraday VWAP Purchases under this Agreement. 
 Section 5.5. No Conflicts. The
execution, delivery and performance by the Company of each of the Transaction Documents and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not and shall not (i) result in a violation of any provision of
the Charter or Bylaws, (ii) result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would become a


  
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default) under, or give rise to any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any material agreement, mortgage, deed of trust, indenture, note, bond, license, lease
agreement, instrument or obligation to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or is bound, (iii) create or impose a lien, charge or encumbrance on any property or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under any
agreement or any commitment to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound or to which any of their respective properties or assets is subject, or (iv) result in a
violation of any federal, state, local or foreign statute, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or by which any property or asset of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries are bound or
affected (including federal and state securities laws and regulations and the rules and regulations of the Trading Market or applicable Eligible Market), except, in the case of clauses (ii), (iii) and (iv), for such conflicts, defaults,
terminations, amendments, acceleration, cancellations, liens, charges, encumbrances and violations as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as specifically contemplated by this
Agreement or the Registration Rights Agreement and as required under the Securities Act and any applicable state securities laws, the Company is not required under any federal, state, local or foreign law, rule or regulation to obtain any consent,
authorization or order of, or make any filing or registration with, any Governmental Authority (including, without limitation, the Trading Market) in order for it to execute, deliver or perform any of its obligations under the Transaction Documents
to which it is a party (except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect), or to issue the Securities to the Investor in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof (other than such
consents, authorizations, orders, filings or registrations as have been obtained or made prior to the Closing Date); provided, however, that, for purposes of the representation made in this sentence, the Company is assuming and relying
upon the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Investor in this Agreement and the compliance by it with its covenants and agreements contained in this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. 

Section 5.6. Commission Documents, Financial Statements; Disclosure Controls and Procedures; Internal Controls
Over Financial Reporting; Accountants. 
 (a) Since March 1, 2022, the Company has timely filed (giving effect to
permissible extensions in accordance with Rule 12b-25 under the Exchange Act) all Commission Documents required to be filed with or furnished to the Commission by the Company under the Securities Act or the
Exchange Act, including those required to be filed with or furnished to the Commission under Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. As of the Closing Date, no Subsidiary of the Company is required to file or furnish any
report, schedule, registration, form, statement, information or other document with the Commission. As of its filing date (or, if amended or superseded by a filing prior to the Closing Date, as of the date of such amended or superseded filing), each
Commission Document filed with or furnished to the Commission prior to the Closing Date complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable. Each Registration Statement, on the date it is
filed with the Commission, on the date it is declared effective by the Commission and on each Purchase Date, shall comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act (including, without limitation, Rule 415 under the
Securities Act) and shall not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading, except that this representation and
warranty shall not 

  
 12 













 
apply to statements in or omissions from such Registration Statement made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to the Investor furnished to the Company in writing by or on
behalf of the Investor expressly for use therein. The Prospectus and each Prospectus Supplement required to be filed pursuant to this Agreement or the Registration Rights Agreement after the Closing Date, when taken together, on its date and on each
Purchase Date, shall comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act (including, without limitation, Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act) and shall not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except that this representation and warranty shall not apply to statements in
or omissions from the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to the Investor furnished to the Company in writing by or on behalf of the Investor expressly for use therein. Each
Commission Document (other than the Initial Registration Statement or any New Registration Statement, or the Prospectus included therein or any Prospectus Supplement thereto) to be filed with or furnished to the Commission after the Closing Date and
filed as part of or incorporated by reference in the Initial Registration Statement or any New Registration Statement, or the Prospectus included therein or any Prospectus Supplement thereto required to be filed pursuant to this Agreement or the
Registration Rights Agreement (including, without limitation, the Current Report), when such document is filed with or furnished to the Commission and, if applicable, when such document becomes effective, as the case may be, shall comply in all
material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable. The Company has delivered or made available to the Investor via EDGAR or otherwise true and complete copies of all comment letters and substantive
correspondence received by the Company from the Commission relating to the Commission Documents filed with or furnished to the Commission as of the Closing Date, together with all written responses of the Company thereto in the form such responses
were filed via EDGAR. Except as disclosed in the Commission Documents, there are no outstanding or unresolved comments or undertakings in such comment letters received by the Company from the Commission. The Commission has not issued any stop order
or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act. 

(b) The consolidated financial statements of the Company included or incorporated by reference in the Commission Documents, together
with the related notes and schedules, present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company and the Subsidiaries (as defined below) as of the dates indicated and the consolidated results of operations, cash
flows and changes in stockholders’ equity of the Company and the Subsidiaries for the periods specified (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal year-end audit adjustments which will not
be material, either individually or in the aggregate) and have been prepared in compliance with the published requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in
the United States (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis (except (i) for such adjustments to accounting standards and practices as are noted therein and (ii) in the case of unaudited interim statements, to the
extent they may exclude footnotes or may be condensed or summary statements) during the periods involved. The pro forma financial statements or data included or incorporated by reference in the Commission Documents, if any, comply in all material
respects with the applicable requirements of Regulation S-X of the Securities Act, including, without limitation, Article 11 thereof, and the assumptions used in the preparation of such pro forma financial


  
 13 













 
statements and data are reasonable, the pro forma adjustments used therein are appropriate to give effect to the circumstances referred to therein and the pro forma adjustments have been properly
applied to the historical amounts in the compilation of those statements and data. The other financial and statistical data with respect to the Company and the Subsidiaries contained or incorporated by reference in the Commission Documents, if any,
are accurately and fairly presented in all material respects and prepared on a basis consistent with the financial statements and books and records of the Company. There are no financial statements (historical or pro forma) that are required to be
included or incorporated by reference in the Commission Documents that are not included or incorporated by reference as required. All disclosures contained or incorporated by reference in the Commission Documents, if any, regarding “non-GAAP financial measures” (as such term is defined by the rules and regulations of the Commission) comply in all material respects with Regulation G of the Exchange Act and Item 10 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act, to the extent applicable. 
 (c) Except as set forth in the Commission
Documents, from and after March 1, 2022, the Company maintains a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific
authorizations; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with
management’s general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. Except as set
forth in the Commission Documents, the Company is not aware of any material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting. Except as set forth in the Commission Documents, since March 1, 2022, there has been no change in the
Company’s internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Except as set forth in the Commission Documents, the
Company has established disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15) that comply with the requirements of the Exchange Act.
The Company presented in its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures
based on their evaluations as of March 31, 2022 and, except as set forth in such Form 10-Q or any Commission Document filed with the Commission for a period subsequent to the period covered by such Form 10-Q, the “disclosure controls and procedures” are effective. 
 (d) BDO USA, LLP (the
“Accountant”), whose report on the consolidated financial statements of the Company is filed with the Commission as part of the Merger 8-K, are and, during the periods covered by their
report, were independent public accountants within the meaning of the Securities Act and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). To the Company’s knowledge, BDO USA, LLP is not in violation of the auditor independence
requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”) with respect to the Company. 
 (e)
Since March 1, 2022, the Company has timely filed all certifications and statements the Company is required to file under (i) Rule 13a-14 or Rule 15d-14 under
the Exchange Act or (ii) 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act) with respect to all Commission Documents with respect to which the Company is required to file such certifications and statements thereunder. 

  
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 Section 5.7. Subsidiaries. Exhibit 21.1 to the
Merger 8-K sets forth each Material Subsidiary as of the Closing Date, other than those that may be omitted pursuant to Item 601 of Regulation S-K, and the Company does
not have any other Subsidiaries as of the Closing Date, other than those that may be omitted pursuant to Item 601 of Regulation S-K. Each Subsidiary of the Company has been duly formed or organized, is validly
existing under the applicable laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation or organization and has the organizational power and authority to own, lease and operate its assets and properties and to conduct its business as it is now being conducted,
except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Each of the Company’s Subsidiaries is duly licensed or qualified and in good standing (or equivalent status as applicable) as a foreign corporation (or other entity,
if applicable) in each jurisdiction in which the assets owned or leased by it or the character of its activities require it to be licensed or qualified or in good standing (or equivalent status as applicable), except where the failure to be so
licensed or qualified, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. No Subsidiary of the Company is currently prohibited, directly or indirectly, from paying any dividends to
the Company, from making any other distribution on such Subsidiary’s capital stock, from repaying to the Company any loans or advances to such Subsidiary from the Company or from transferring any of such Subsidiary’s property or assets to
the Company or any other Subsidiary of the Company, except as described in or contemplated by the Commission Documents or as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

Section 5.8. No Material Adverse Effect or Material Adverse Change. Except as otherwise disclosed in
any Commission Documents, since March 1, 2022: (i) the Company has not experienced or suffered any Material Adverse Effect, and there exists no current state of facts, condition or event which would have a Material Adverse Effect; and
(ii) the Company and its Subsidiaries have conducted their respective business consistent with past practice in all material respects. 

Section 5.9. No Undisclosed Liabilities. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any
liabilities, obligations, claims or losses (whether liquidated or unliquidated, secured or unsecured, absolute, accrued, contingent or otherwise) that would be required to be disclosed on the consolidated balance sheet of the Company (including the
notes thereto) in conformity with GAAP and are not disclosed in the Commission Documents, other than those incurred in the ordinary course of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ respective businesses since March 31, 2022 and which,
individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

Section 5.10. No Material Defaults. Except as set forth in the Commission Documents, neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has defaulted on any installment on Indebtedness or on any rental on one or more long-term leases, which defaults, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect. 

  
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 Section 5.11. Solvency. The Company has not taken
any steps, and does not currently expect to take any steps, to seek protection pursuant to any Bankruptcy Law, nor does the Company have any Knowledge that its creditors intend to initiate involuntary bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or
liquidation proceedings or other proceedings for relief under any Bankruptcy Law. The Company and its Subsidiaries are financially solvent and are generally able to pay their respective debts as they become due. 

Section 5.12. Title To Assets. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries
have good and marketable title to all real property owned by them, if any, and good and marketable title to all personal property reflected as owned by them in the financial statements, supporting schedules or other financial data filed with the
Commission as a part of the Commission Documents that are material to the business, in each case free and clear of all liens, security interests, pledges, charges, encumbrances, mortgages, equities, adverse claims and other defects, except such as
are disclosed in the Commission Documents or such as do not materially and adversely affect the value of such property and do not interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such property by the Company and its Subsidiaries; and any Leased
Real Property, improvements, buildings, equipment and personal property held under lease by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company are held under valid, existing and enforceable leases, with such exceptions as are disclosed in the Commission
Documents or are not material and do not interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such real property, improvements, buildings, equipment and personal property by the Company or such Subsidiary. 

Section 5.13. Actions Pending. Except as disclosed in the Commission Documents, there are no pending
or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, Actions and, to the Knowledge of the Company, there are no pending or threatened in writing investigations against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or otherwise affecting the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective assets, including any condemnation or similar proceedings, that would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as disclosed in the Commission
Documents, neither the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, nor any of their respective material properties, assets or businesses, is subject to any Governmental Order, or, to the Knowledge of the Company, any continuing investigation by, any
Governmental Authority, in each case that would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. There is no unsatisfied judgment or any open injunction binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries,
which would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the ability of the Company to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement and the other
Transaction Documents. 
 Section 5.14. Compliance With Laws; Permits.
Except (i) with respect to compliance with Environmental Laws (as to which certain representations and warranties are made pursuant to Section 5.18), (ii) as set forth in the Commission Documents and (iii) where the failure to
be, or to have been, in compliance with such Laws would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, the Company and its Subsidiaries are, and since March 1, 2022 have been, in compliance in
all material respects with all applicable Laws. The Company has not received any written notice from any Governmental Authority of a violation of any applicable Law by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries at any time since March 1, 2022,
which violation would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company and its Subsidiaries have timely obtained and hold all material Permits (the “Material Permits”)
that are required to own, lease or operate their respective 

  
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properties and assets and to conduct their respective businesses as currently conducted, except where the failure to obtain the same would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect. To the Company’s Knowledge, except as disclosed in the Commission Documents, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is under investigation with respect to the violation of any Laws, and there are no facts or
circumstances which could reasonably form the basis for any such violation. There are no statutes, laws, rules, regulations or ordinances of any Governmental Authority, self-regulatory organization or body that are applicable to the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries or to their respective businesses, assets or properties that are required to be described in any Commission Document that are not described therein as required. 

Section 5.15. Certain Fees. No brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable
by the Company to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Investor shall have no obligation with
respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section 5.15 incurred by the Company or its Subsidiaries that may be due or payable in connection with the
transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. 
 Section 5.16. Disclosure. The Company
confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided the Investor or any of its agents, advisors or counsel with any information that constitutes or could reasonably be expected to constitute material, nonpublic
information concerning the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, other than the existence of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Company understands and confirms that the Investor will rely on the foregoing representations
in effecting resales of Shares under the Registration Statement. All disclosure provided to Investor regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their businesses and the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (including, without
limitation, the representations and warranties of the Company contained in the Transaction Documents to which it is a party (as modified by the Disclosure Schedule)) furnished in writing by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for
purposes of or in connection with the Transaction Documents (other than forward-looking information and projections and information of a general economic nature and general information about the Company’s industry), taken together, is true and
correct in all material respects on the date on which such information is dated or certified, and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in
the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading at such time. 
 Section 5.17.
Intellectual Property. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Commission Documents, the Company and its Subsidiaries own or possess adequate rights to use all patents, patent applications, trademarks (both registered and unregistered),
trade names, trademark registrations, service marks, service mark registrations, Internet domain name registrations, copyrights, copyright registrations, and know-how (including trade secrets and other
unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures) (collectively, the “Intellectual Property”), necessary for the conduct of their respective businesses as conducted as of the date
hereof, except to the extent that the failure to own or possess adequate rights to use such Intellectual Property would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Since March 1, 2022, the
Company and its Subsidiaries have not received any written notice of any claim of infringement or other violation of Intellectual Property 

  
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rights of any third Person, which infringement or other violation, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Except as would
not be, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, (i) there are no pending, or to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened judicial proceedings or interference proceedings challenging the
Company’s or any Subsidiary’s rights in or to or the validity of the scope of any of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ owned Intellectual Property; and (ii) to the Knowledge of the Company, no other entity or individual has
any right or claim in any of the Company’s or any of its Subsidiary’s owned Intellectual Property by virtue of any contract, license or other agreement entered into between such entity or individual and the Company or any Subsidiary or by
any non-contractual obligation, other than by written licenses or other agreements granted or entered into by the Company or any Subsidiary. Since March 1, 2022, the Company has not received any written
notice of any claim challenging the rights of the Company or its Subsidiaries in or to any Intellectual Property owned or exclusively licensed by the Company or any Subsidiary which claim, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, would reasonably
be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. 
 Section 5.18. Environmental Compliance. Since
March 1, 2022, the Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in material compliance with all Environmental Laws and all Material Permits issued under Environmental Laws (collectively, the “Environmental Permits”);
(ii) there has been no release of any Hazardous Materials at, in, on or under any Leased Real Property or in connection with the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries operations off-site of the Leased
Real Property or, at, in, on or under any formerly owned or leased real property during the time that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries owned or leased such property; (iii) none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is subject to and
has not received any Governmental Order relating to any non-compliance with Environmental Laws or Environmental Permits by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the release, investigation, sampling,
monitoring, treatment, remediation, removal or cleanup of Hazardous Materials; and (iv) no Action is pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened and no investigation is pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened with
respect to the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ compliance with or liability under Environmental Laws or related to a release of Hazardous Materials, except, in the case of any of clauses (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) above, for any
such failure to comply or failure to receive required permits, licenses, other approvals or non-compliance or liability as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect. 
 Section 5.19. Material Contracts. The descriptions in the
Commission Documents of the material Contracts therein described present fairly in all material respects the information required to be shown, and there are no material Contracts of a character required to be described in the Commission Documents or
to be filed as exhibits thereto which are not described or filed as required; all material Contracts between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and third parties expressly referenced in the Commission Documents are legal, valid and binding
obligations of the Company or one or more of its Subsidiaries, enforceable in accordance with their respective terms, except to the extent enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting
creditors’ rights generally and by general equitable principles, and except where the failure of any such Contract to be enforceable in accordance with its terms would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

  
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 Section 5.20. Transactions With
Affiliates. Except as set forth in the Commission Documents, none of the officers or directors of the Company and, to the Knowledge of the Company, none of the Company’s stockholders, the officers or directors of any stockholder of the
Company, or any immediate family member or Affiliate of any of the foregoing, has either directly or indirectly any material interest in, or is a party to, any transaction that is required to be disclosed as a related party transaction pursuant to
Item 404 of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Act. 

Section 5.21. Employees; Labor Law. No material labor dispute with the employees of the Company
exists, except as described in the Commission Documents, or, to the Knowledge of the Company, is imminent; and the Company is not aware of any existing, threatened or imminent labor disturbance by the employees of any of its principal suppliers,
manufacturers or contractors that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 Section 5.22.
Use of Proceeds. The proceeds from the sale of the Shares by the Company to Investor shall be used by the Company and its Subsidiaries in the manner as will be set forth in the Prospectus included in any Registration Statement (and any
post-effective amendment thereto) and any Prospectus Supplement thereto filed pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement. 

Section 5.23. Investment Company Act Status. The Company is not, and as a result of the consummation
of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents and the application of the proceeds from the sale of the Shares as will be set forth in the Prospectus included in any Registration Statement (and any post-effective amendment thereto)
and any Prospectus Supplement thereto filed pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement the Company will not be required to register as an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. 

Section 5.24. ERISA. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to
result in a Material Adverse Effect, (i) each material employee benefit plan maintained, established or sponsored by the Company that is subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended
(“ERISA”), and each other material bonus, commission, severance, equity, phantom equity, change in control, retention bonus, deferred compensation, paid time off, health and welfare, and/or fringe benefit plan, program,
agreement, or arrangement sponsored, maintained, or contributed to by the Company, has been maintained in compliance with all applicable laws for any such employee benefit plan; (ii) there is no action, claim, suit, proceeding, demand,
investigation, or audit pending, or to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened, with respect to any employee benefit plan described in clause (i) (except for routine claims for benefits); and (iii) the Company and its Affiliates do not
maintain, sponsor, or contribute to any “multiemployer plan,” as defined in Section 3(37) of ERISA, any “multiple employer plan” as defined in Section 413 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
“Code”), any “multiple employer welfare arrangement” as defined in Section 3(40) of ERISA, any “defined benefit pension plan” as defined in Section 3(35) of ERISA, or any plan that provides
medical insurance or life insurance benefits to terminated employees or retirees other than as required under Section 4980B of the Code. 

  
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 Section 5.25. Taxes. Except as otherwise disclosed
in the Commission Documents, the Company and each of its Subsidiaries has filed all federal, state, local and foreign tax returns required to be filed through the date of this Agreement or have requested extensions thereof (except where the failure
to file would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect) and have paid all taxes required to be paid thereon (except for cases in which the failure to pay would not reasonably be expected to have
a Material Adverse Effect, or, except as currently being contested in good faith and for which reserves required by GAAP have been created in the financial statements of the Company), and no tax deficiency has been determined adversely to the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries which have had a Material Adverse Effect, nor does the Company have any notice or Knowledge of any tax deficiency which could reasonably be expected to be determined adversely to the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries and which would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 Section 5.26.
Insurance. The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as the Company and the Subsidiaries reasonably believe are adequate for the
conduct of the business, including, but not limited to, directors and officers insurance coverage. As of the date hereof, no written notice of cancellation, non-renewal, disallowance or reduction in coverage
or claim or termination has been received, other than in connection with ordinary renewals. 
 Section 5.27.
Exemption from Registration. Subject to, and in reliance on, the representations, warranties and covenants made herein by the Investor, the offer and sale of the Securities by the Company to the Investor in accordance with the terms
and conditions of this Agreement is exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) and Rule 506(b) of Regulation D; provided, however, that at the request of and with the express
agreement of the Investor (including, without limitation, the representations, warranties and covenants of Investor set forth in Sections 4.10 through 4.13), the Securities to be issued from and after Commencement to or for the benefit of the
Investor pursuant to this Agreement shall be issued to the Investor or its designee only as DWAC Shares and will not bear legends noting restrictions as to resale of such securities under federal or state securities laws, nor will any such
securities be subject to stop transfer instructions. 
 Section 5.28. No General Solicitation or
Advertising. Neither the Company, nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf, has engaged in any form of general solicitation or general advertising (within the meaning of Regulation D) in
connection with the offer or sale of the Securities. 
 Section 5.29. No Integrated Offering. None
of the Company or any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would require registration of
the offer, issuance and sale by the Company to the Investor of any of the Securities under the Securities Act, whether through integration with prior offerings or otherwise, or cause this offering of the Securities to require approval of
stockholders of the Company under any applicable stockholder approval provisions, including, without limitation, under the rules and regulations of the Trading Market. None of the Company, its Subsidiaries, their Affiliates nor any Person acting on
their behalf will take any action or steps referred to in the preceding sentence that would require registration of the offer, issuance and sale by the Company to the Investor of any of the Securities under the Securities Act or cause the offering
of any of the Securities to be integrated with any other offering of securities of the Company. 

  
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 Section 5.30. Dilutive Effect. The Company is aware
and acknowledges that issuance of the Securities could cause dilution to existing stockholders and could significantly increase the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock. The Company further acknowledges that its obligation to issue the
Commitment Shares and to issue the Shares pursuant to the terms of a VWAP Purchase Notice and pursuant to the terms of an Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable) in accordance with this Agreement is, in each case, absolute and unconditional
regardless of the dilutive effect that such issuance may have on the ownership interests of other stockholders of the Company. 

Section 5.31. Manipulation of Price. Neither the Company nor any of its officers, directors or
Affiliates has, and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no Person acting on their behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed or intended to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any
security of the Company, or which caused or resulted in, or which would in the future reasonably be expected to cause or result in, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company, in each case to facilitate the sale or
resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase
any other securities of the Company. Neither the Company nor any of its officers, directors or Affiliates will during the term of this Agreement, and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no Person acting on their behalf will during the term of this
Agreement, take any of the actions referred to in the immediately preceding sentence. 
 Section 5.32.
Securities Act. The Company has complied and shall comply with all applicable federal and state securities laws in connection with the offer, issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder, including, without limitation, the applicable
requirements of the Securities Act. Each Registration Statement, upon filing with the Commission and at the time it is declared effective by the Commission, shall satisfy all of the requirements of the Securities Act to register the resale of the
Registrable Securities included therein by the Investor in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement on a delayed or continuous basis under Rule 415 under the Securities Act at then-prevailing market prices, and not fixed prices. The Company
is not currently, and has not been since March 1, 2022, an issuer identified in, or subject to, Rule 144(i). The Company filed current “Form 10 information” (as defined in Rule 144(i)(3) under the Securities Act) with the Commission
in the Merger Form 8-K reflecting its status as an entity that is not a shell company. 

Section 5.33. Listing and Maintenance Requirements; DTC Eligibility. The Common Stock is registered
pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its Knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act, nor has the
Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration. The Company has not received notice from the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, from such Eligible
Market) to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of the Trading Market (or of such Eligible Market, as applicable). The Company is in compliance with all applicable listing and maintenance
requirements of the Trading Market. The Common Stock may be issued and transferred electronically to third parties via DTC through its Deposit/Withdrawal at Custodian (“DWAC”) delivery system. The Company has not received
notice from DTC to the effect that a suspension of, or restriction on, accepting additional deposits of the Common Stock, electronic trading or book-entry services by DTC with respect to the Common Stock is being imposed or is contemplated. 

  
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 Section 5.34. Application of Takeover Protections.
The Company and its Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar
anti-takeover provision under the Company’s Charter or the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended, that is or could become applicable to the Investor as a result of the Investor and the Company fulfilling their respective obligations or
exercising their respective rights under the Transaction Documents (as applicable), including, without limitation, as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Investor’s ownership of the Securities. 

Section 5.35. No Unlawful Payments. During the past three (3) years, and except where the failure
to be, or to have been, in compliance with such Laws would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, (1) there has been no action taken by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or, to the
Knowledge of the Company, any officer, director, manager, employee, agent or representative of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, in each case, acting on behalf of the Company or one of its Subsidiaries, in violation of any applicable
Anti-Corruption Laws, (2) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has been convicted of violating any Anti-Corruption Laws or subjected to any investigation by a Governmental Authority for violation of any applicable Anti-Corruption
Laws, nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, has any investigation been threatened or pending, (3) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has conducted or initiated any internal investigation or made a voluntary, directed, or
involuntary disclosure to any Governmental Authority regarding any alleged act or omission arising under or relating to any noncompliance with any Anti-Corruption Law, (4) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written
notice, inquiry or citation from a Governmental Authority for any actual or potential noncompliance with any applicable Anti-Corruption Law, nor has any such notice, inquiry or citation been threatened or is pending and (5) the Company and its
Subsidiaries have instituted and maintained policies and procedures reasonably designed to ensure compliance with Anti-Corruption Laws. No officer, director, manager or, to the Knowledge of the Company, employee, agent or member of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries is a foreign official within the meaning of the FCPA. 
 Section 5.36. International
Trade. 
 (a) The Company and its Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the Company, each officer, director, manager,
employee, agent or representative acting on behalf of the Company and its Subsidiaries, in each case, acting on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, is, and has been for the past five (5) years, in compliance in all material
respects with all applicable International Trade Laws. 
 (b) Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has, and for the past five
(5) years has had, all required licenses, license exemptions and other material consents, notices, waivers, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations, classifications and filings required for the export, re-export, transfer and import of products, technical data, and services in accordance in all material respects with the International Trade Laws and any permit obtained thereunder, including in relation to the
Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ launch activities and employment of any foreign persons. 

  
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 (c) None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a Restricted Party and no
agency of the United States Government has denied, suspended, or otherwise abridged the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ export or import privileges. None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has been the subject or target of any
economic sanctions imposed by the United States, including, but not limited to, those enforced by the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control and the U.S. Department of State. None of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries contracts with, retains or employs any Person from, located, organized, or ordinarily resident in a Sanctioned Country in violation of International Trade Laws. 

(d) During the past five (5) years, none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has (i) been subjected to any investigation
by a Governmental Authority for any past or present violation of any applicable International Trade Laws, (ii) conducted or initiated any internal investigation or made a voluntary, directed, or involuntary disclosure to any Governmental
Authority regarding any alleged act or omission arising under or relating to any noncompliance with any International Trade Laws or (iii) received any written notice or citation from a Governmental Authority for any actual or potential
noncompliance with any applicable International Trade Law. 
 Section 5.37. Government Contracts.

 (a) With respect to each Government Contract and Government Bid, except as set forth in the Commission Documents, since
March 1, 2022, (i) the Company and its Subsidiaries have complied in all material respects with all applicable Laws and contractual requirements, (ii) none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is in material violation or breach
of any applicable Laws or contractual requirements governing any Government Contract or Government Bid, (iii) the representations, certifications, and warranties made by the Company or one of its Subsidiaries in connection with the Government
Contracts and Government Bids were accurate in all material respects as of their effective date, and the Company and its Subsidiaries have complied in all material respects with all such representations, certifications, and warranties, and
(iv) the Company has not received written notice of any event, condition or omission that would constitute a breach or default, whether by lapse of time or notice or both, by any other Person under any Government Contract. 

(b) Except as disclosed in the Commission Documents, since March 1, 2022, (i) none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
has received written notice of any pending or threatened investigation, prosecution, or civil or administrative proceeding in connection with any Government Contract or Government Bid, and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no such investigation,
prosecution, or civil or administrative proceeding or settlement negotiation, or internal investigation is pending or is contemplated by any Governmental Authority; (ii) the Company has not received any document requests, subpoenas, or search
warrants involving any of the officers, directors, employees, or agents of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in connection with any Government Contract or Government Bid; (iii) none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received
any written termination notice, cure notice, or show-cause notice 

  
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from any Governmental Authority or any prime contractor or higher-tier subcontractor that remains unresolved; and (iv) none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received notice of
any disallowance of costs under any Government Contract and/or assessment of any penalty (whether actual or threatened), nor received in writing any material negative findings in any audit or investigation performed by any Governmental Authority
which, in each case, remains unresolved or in dispute. 
 (c) Except as disclosed in the Commission Documents, since March 1,
2022, to the Knowledge of the Company, no Governmental Authority nor any prime contractor, subcontractor or vendor has asserted in writing any material claim or initiated any dispute proceeding against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries relating
to any Government Contract or Government Bid, nor has the Company or any of its Subsidiaries asserted in writing any material claim or initiated any dispute proceeding against any such party concerning any Government Contract or Government Bid. 

(d) Except as disclosed in the Commission Documents, since March 1, 2022, none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has
received any written notice from a Governmental Authority regarding any alleged material violation by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or one of their respective subcontractors of the Civil False Claims Act, Procurement Integrity Act,
Anti-Kickback Act, Truth in Negotiations Act, Service Contract Act, Buy American Act, or Trade Agreements Act that remains unresolved. 

Section 5.38. IT Systems. To the Knowledge of the Company and except as would not, individually or in
the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, (i) the IT Systems are operational and adequate and sufficient for the current needs of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, (ii) there have been no
unauthorized intrusions or breaches of the security, or material failures of the IT Systems currently used to provide material products to customers in the conduct of their business as it is currently conducted during the two-year period preceding the date hereof, (iii) the Company has in place adequate and commercially reasonable security controls and backup and disaster recovery plans and procedures in place, and
(iv) there have been no unauthorized intrusions or breaches of the IT Systems since March 1, 2022 that, pursuant to any legal requirement, would require the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to notify customers or employees of such breach
or intrusion. 
 Section 5.39. Compliance With Data Security
Requirements. To the Knowledge of the Company, in connection with its collection, storage, transfer (including without limitation, any transfer across national borders) and/or use of any information or Protected Data, the Company and its
Subsidiaries are and have been, in material compliance with all applicable Privacy and Security Requirements. The Company and its Subsidiaries have commercially reasonable physical, technical, organizational and administrative security measures and
policies in place to protect the confidentiality, integrity and availability of all systems, information and Protected Data maintained and collected by the Company or its Subsidiaries or on their behalf. Except as set forth in the Commission
Documents, none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has experienced any security incident that has compromised the integrity or availability of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ network, systems, data or information. The Company and
its Subsidiaries are and have been, to the Company’s Knowledge, in compliance in all material respects with all Privacy and Security Requirements relating to data loss, theft and breach of security notification


  
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obligations. None of the Company or its Subsidiaries has received, or provided, any written notice of any claims, actions, investigations, inquiries or alleged violations of Privacy and Security
Requirements or any other security incidents. 
 Section 5.40. No Disqualification Events. None of
the Company, any of its predecessors, any affiliated issuer, any director, executive officer, other officer of the Company participating in the offering contemplated hereby, any beneficial owner of 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding
voting equity securities, calculated on the basis of voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) connected with the Company in any capacity at the time of sale (each, an “Issuer Covered
Person”) is subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event
covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3) under the Securities Act. The Company has exercised reasonable care to determine whether any Issuer Covered Person is subject to a Disqualification Event. 

Section 5.41. Acknowledgement Regarding Investor’s Acquisition of
Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Investor is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s-length purchaser with respect to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by
the Transaction Documents. The Company further acknowledges that the Investor is not acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by the
Transaction Documents, and any advice given by the Investor or any of its representatives or agents in connection therewith is merely incidental to the Investor’s acquisition of the Securities. The Company further represents to the Investor
that the Company’s decision to enter into the Transaction Documents to which it is a party has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions contemplated thereby by the Company and its representatives. The Company
acknowledges and agrees that the Investor has not made and does not make any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents other than those specifically set forth in Article IV. 

ARTICLE VI 
 ADDITIONAL
COVENANTS 
 The Company covenants with the Investor, and the Investor covenants with the Company, as follows, which covenants of one
party are for the benefit of the other party, during the Investment Period (and with respect to the Company, for the period following the termination of this Agreement specified in Section 8.3 pursuant to and in accordance with
Section 8.3): 
 Section 6.1. Securities Compliance. The Company shall notify the Commission
and the Trading Market, if and as applicable, in accordance with their respective rules and regulations, of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, and shall take all necessary action, undertake all proceedings and obtain all
registrations, permits, consents and approvals for the legal and valid issuance of the Securities to the Investor in accordance with the terms of the Transaction Documents, as applicable. 

  
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 Section 6.2. Reservation of Common Stock. The
Company has available and the Company shall reserve and keep available at all times, free of preemptive and other similar rights of stockholders, the requisite aggregate number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock to enable the Company
to timely effect (i) the issuance and delivery of all Commitment Shares to be issued and delivered to the Investor under Section 10.1(ii) hereof within the time period specified in Section 10.1(ii) hereof, (ii) the issuance, sale
and delivery of all Shares to be issued, sold and delivered in respect of each VWAP Purchase effected under this Agreement, in the case of this clause (iii), at least prior to the delivery by the Company to the Investor of the applicable VWAP
Purchase Notice in connection with such VWAP Purchase, and (iv) the issuance, sale and delivery of all Shares to be issued, sold and delivered in respect of each Intraday VWAP Purchase effected under this Agreement, in the case of this clause
(v), at least prior to the delivery by the Company to the Investor of the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice in connection with such Intraday VWAP Purchase. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, (a) as of the date of this
Agreement, the Company has reserved, out of its authorized and unissued Common Stock, 171,008 shares of Common Stock solely for the purpose of issuing all of the Commitment Shares under this Agreement to be issued and delivered to the Investor under
Section 10.1(ii) hereof within the time period specified in Section 10.1(ii) hereof, and (b) as of the date of this Agreement the Company has reserved, and as of the Commencement Date shall have continued to reserve, out of its
authorized and unissued Common Stock, 23,477,881 shares of Common Stock solely for the purpose of issuing Shares pursuant to one or more VWAP Purchases and pursuant to one or more Intraday VWAP Purchases (as applicable) that may be effected by the
Company, in its sole discretion, from time to time from and after the Commencement Date under this Agreement. The number of shares of Common Stock so reserved for the purpose of effecting issuances of Shares pursuant to VWAP Purchases and pursuant
to Intraday VWAP Purchases under this Agreement (as applicable) may be increased from time to time by the Company from and after the Commencement Date, and such number of reserved shares may be reduced from and after the Commencement Date only by
the number of Shares actually issued, sold and delivered to the Investor pursuant to any VWAP Purchase and any Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) effected from and after the Commencement Date pursuant to this Agreement. 

Section 6.3. Registration and Listing. The Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to
cause the Common Stock to continue to be registered as a class of securities under Sections 12(b) of the Exchange Act, and to comply with its reporting and filing obligations under the Exchange Act, and shall not take any action or file any document
(whether or not permitted by the Securities Act or the Exchange Act) to terminate or suspend such registration or to terminate or suspend its reporting and filing obligations under the Exchange Act or Securities Act, except as permitted herein. The
Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to continue the listing and trading of its Common Stock and the listing of the Securities purchased or acquired by the Investor hereunder on the Trading Market (or another Eligible Market) and to
comply with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the rules and regulations of the Trading Market (or other Eligible Market, as applicable). The Company shall not take any action which could be reasonably expected to
result in the delisting or suspension of the Common Stock on the Trading Market (or other Eligible Market, as applicable). If the Company receives any final and non-appealable notice that the listing or
quotation of the Common Stock on the Trading Market (or other Eligible Market, as applicable) shall be terminated on a date certain, the Company shall promptly (and in any case within 24 hours) notify the Investor of such fact in writing and shall
use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Common Stock to be listed or quoted on another Eligible Market. 

  
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 Section 6.4. Compliance with Laws. 

(i) During the Investment Period, the Company (a) shall comply, and cause each Subsidiary to comply, with all laws, rules,
regulations and orders applicable to the business and operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect and (b) with applicable provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including
Regulation M thereunder, applicable state securities or “Blue Sky” laws, and applicable listing rules of the Trading Market (or Eligible Market, as applicable), except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, prohibit or otherwise
interfere with the ability of the Company to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement in any material respect or for Investor to conduct resales of Securities under the Registration Statement in any material respect. Without
limiting the foregoing, neither the Company, nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor to the Knowledge of the Company, any of their respective directors, officers, agents, employees or any other Persons acting on their behalf shall, in connection with the
operation of the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ respective businesses, (1) use any corporate funds for unlawful contributions, payments, gifts or entertainment or to make any unlawful expenditures relating to political activity to
government officials, candidates or members of political parties or organizations, (2) pay, accept or receive any unlawful contributions, payments, expenditures or gifts, or (3) violate or operate in noncompliance with any export
restrictions, anti-boycott regulations, embargo regulations or other applicable domestic or foreign laws and regulations, including, without limitation, the Anti-Corruption Laws and the International Trade Laws. 

(ii) The Investor shall comply with all laws, rules, regulations and orders applicable to the performance by it of its obligations
under this Agreement and its investment in the Securities, except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, prohibit or otherwise interfere with the ability of the Investor to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement in any
material respect. Without limiting the foregoing, the Investor shall comply with all applicable provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including Regulation M thereunder, and all applicable state securities or “Blue Sky”
laws. 
 Section 6.5. Keeping of Records and Books of Account; Due Diligence. 

(i) The Investor and the Company shall each maintain records showing the remaining Total Commitment, the remaining Aggregate Limit, the
dates and VWAP Purchase Share Amount for each VWAP Purchase, and the dates and Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount for each Intraday VWAP Purchase. 

(ii) Subject to the requirements of Section 6.12, from time to time from and after the Closing Date, the Company shall make
available for inspection and review by the Investor during normal business hours and after reasonable notice, customary documentation reasonably requested by the Investor and/or its appointed counsel or advisors to conduct due diligence;
provided, however, that after the Closing Date, the Investor’s continued due diligence shall not be a condition precedent to the Commencement or to the Investor’s obligation to accept each VWAP Purchase Notice and each
Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice timely delivered by the Company to the Investor in accordance with this Agreement. 

  
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 Section 6.6. No Frustration; No Variable Rate
Transactions. 
 (i) No Frustration. The Company shall not enter into, announce or recommend to its
stockholders any agreement, plan, arrangement or transaction in or of which the terms thereof would restrict, materially delay, conflict with or impair the ability or right of the Company to perform its obligations under the Transaction Documents to
which it is a party, including, without limitation, the obligation of the Company to deliver (i) the Commitment Shares to the Investor not later than 3:59 p.m. (New York time) on the Trading Day immediately following the Closing Date in
accordance with Section 10.1(ii), and (ii) the Shares to the Investor in respect of each VWAP Purchase and each Intraday VWAP Purchase effected by the Company, in each case not later than the applicable Purchase Share Delivery Date with
respect to such VWAP Purchase and not later than the applicable Purchase Share Delivery Date with respect to such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) in accordance with Section 3.3. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing in this
Section 6.6(i) shall in any way limit the Company’s right to terminate this Agreement in accordance with Section 8.2 (subject in all cases to Section 8.3). 

(ii) No Variable Rate Transactions. The Company shall not effect or enter into an agreement to effect any issuance
by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents (or a combination of units thereof) involving a Variable Rate Transaction, other than in connection with an Exempt Issuance. The Investor shall be entitled to seek
injunctive relief against the Company and its Subsidiaries to preclude any such issuance, which remedy shall be in addition to any right to collect damages, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being
required. 
 Section 6.7. Corporate Existence. The Company shall take all steps necessary to
preserve and continue the corporate existence of the Company; provided, however, that, except as provided in Section 6.8, nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed to prohibit the Company from engaging in any Fundamental
Transaction with another Person. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing in this Section 6.7 shall in any way limit the Company’s right to terminate this Agreement in accordance with Section 8.2 (subject in all cases to Section 8.3).

 Section 6.8. Fundamental Transaction. If a VWAP Purchase Notice or an Intraday VWAP Purchase
Notice has been delivered to the Investor and the transactions contemplated therein have not yet been fully settled in accordance with Section 3.3 of this Agreement, the Company shall not effect any Fundamental Transaction until the expiration
of five (5) Trading Days following the date of full settlement thereof and the issuance to the Investor of all of the Shares that are issuable to the Investor pursuant to the VWAP Purchase or Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) to which such
VWAP Purchase Notice or Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable) relates. 
 Section 6.9. Selling
Restrictions. 
 (i) Except as expressly set forth below, the Investor covenants that from and after the Closing Date through
and including the Trading Day next following the expiration or termination of this Agreement as provided in Article VIII (the “Restricted Period”), none of the Investor, its sole member, any of their respective officers, or
any entity managed or controlled by the Investor or its sole member (collectively, the “Restricted Persons” and each of the foregoing is referred to herein as a “Restricted Person”) shall, directly or
indirectly, (i) engage in any Short Sales of the Common Stock or (ii) hedging transaction, which establishes a net short position with 

  
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respect to the Common Stock, with respect to each of clauses (i) and (ii) hereof, either for its own account or for the account of any other Restricted Person. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
it is expressly understood and agreed that nothing contained herein shall (without implication that the contrary would otherwise be true) prohibit any Restricted Person during the Restricted Period from: (1) selling “long” (as
defined under Rule 200 promulgated under Regulation SHO) the Securities; or (2) selling a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of Shares that the Investor is unconditionally obligated to purchase under any pending VWAP
Purchase Notice or any pending Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable), but has not yet received from the Company or its transfer agent pursuant to this Agreement, so long as (X) the Investor (or its Broker-Dealer, as applicable)
delivers the Shares purchased pursuant to such pending VWAP Purchase Notice and the Shares purchased pursuant to such pending Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable) to the purchaser thereof promptly upon the Investor’s receipt of such
Shares from the Company in accordance with Section 3.3 of this Agreement and (Y) neither the Company or its transfer agent shall have failed for any reason to deliver such Shares to the Investor or its Broker-Dealer so that such Shares are
timely received by the Investor as DWAC Shares on the applicable Purchase Share Delivery Date for such VWAP Purchase and on the applicable Purchase Share Delivery Date for such Intraday VWAP Purchases (as applicable) in accordance with
Section 3.3 of this Agreement. 
 (ii) In addition to the foregoing, in connection with any sale of Securities (including any
sale permitted by paragraph (i) above), the Investor shall comply in all respects with all applicable laws, rules, regulations and orders, including, without limitation, the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act. 

Section 6.10. Effective Registration Statement. During the Investment Period, the Company shall use
its commercially reasonable efforts to maintain the continuous effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement and each New Registration Statement filed with the Commission under the Securities Act for the applicable Registration Period pursuant
to and in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement. 
 Section 6.11. Blue Sky. The Company
shall take such action, if any, as is necessary by the Company in order to obtain an exemption for or to qualify the Securities for sale by the Company to the Investor pursuant to the Transaction Documents, and at the request of the Investor, the
subsequent resale of Registrable Securities by the Investor, in each case, under applicable state securities or “Blue Sky” laws and shall provide evidence of any such action so taken to the Investor from time to time following the Closing
Date; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required in connection therewith or as a condition thereto to (x) qualify to do business in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to qualify but for this
Section 6.11, (y) subject itself to general taxation in any such jurisdiction, or (z) file a general consent to service of process in any such jurisdiction. 

Section 6.12. Non-Public Information. Neither the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries, nor any of their respective directors, officers, employees or agents shall disclose any material non-public information about the Company to the Investor, unless a simultaneous public
announcement thereof is made by the Company in the manner contemplated by Regulation FD. In the event of a breach of the foregoing covenant by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective directors, officers, employees and
agents (as determined in the reasonable good faith 

  
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judgment of the Investor), (i) the Investor shall promptly provide written notice of such breach to the Company and (ii) after such notice has been provided to the Company and, provided that
the Company shall have failed to demonstrate to the Investor in writing within 24 hours that such information does not constitute material, non-public information or the Company shall have failed to publicly
disclose such material, non-public information within 24 hours following demand therefor by the Investor, in addition to any other remedy provided herein or in the other Transaction Documents if the Investor
is holding any Shares at the time of the disclosure of material, non-public information, the Investor shall have the right to make a public disclosure, in the form of a press release, public advertisement or
otherwise, of such material, non-public information without the prior approval by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective directors, officers, employees or agents. The Investor shall
not have any liability to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective directors, officers, employees, stockholders or agents, for any such disclosure. 

Section 6.13. Broker-Dealer. The Investor shall use one or more broker-dealers to effectuate all
sales, if any, of the Securities that it may purchase or otherwise acquire from the Company pursuant to the Transaction Documents, as applicable, which (or whom) shall be a DTC participant (collectively, the “Broker-Dealer”).
The Investor shall, from time to time, provide the Company and the Company’s transfer agent with all information regarding the Broker-Dealer reasonably requested by the Company. The Investor shall be solely responsible for all fees and
commissions of the Broker-Dealer (if any), which shall not exceed customary brokerage fees and commissions and shall be responsible for designating only a DTC participant eligible to receive DWAC Shares. 

Section 6.14. Disclosure Schedule. 

(i) The Company may, from time to time, update the Disclosure Schedule as may be required to satisfy the conditions set forth in
Section 7.2(i) and Section 7.3(i) (to the extent such condition set forth in Section 7.3(i) relates to the condition in Section 7.2(i) as of a specific Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time). For purposes of this
Section 6.14, any disclosure made in a schedule to the Compliance Certificate shall be deemed to be an update of the Disclosure Schedule. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, no update to the Disclosure Schedule pursuant
to this Section 6.14 shall cure any breach of a representation or warranty of the Company contained in this Agreement and made prior to the update and shall not affect any of the Investor’s rights or remedies with respect thereto. 

(ii) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the Disclosure Schedule or in this Agreement, the information and disclosure
contained in any Schedule of the Disclosure Schedule shall be deemed to be disclosed and incorporated by reference in any other Schedule of the Disclosure Schedule as though fully set forth in such Schedule for which applicability of such
information and disclosure is readily apparent on its face. The fact that any item of information is disclosed in the Disclosure Schedule shall not be construed to mean that such information is required to be disclosed by this Agreement. Except as
expressly set forth in this Agreement, such information and the thresholds (whether based on quantity, qualitative characterization, dollar amounts or otherwise) set forth herein shall not be used as a basis for interpreting the terms
“material” or “Material Adverse Effect” or other similar terms in this Agreement. 

  
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 Section 6.15. Delivery of Bring Down Letter, Compliance
Certificate, and Comfort Letter Upon Occurrence of Certain Events. 
 (a) Within three (3) Trading Days immediately
following (i) the end of each PEA Period, if the Company is required under the Securities Act to file with the Commission (A) a post-effective amendment to the Initial Registration Statement required to be filed by the Company with the
Commission pursuant to Section 2(a) of the Registration Rights Agreement, (B) a New Registration Statement required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 2(c) of the Registration Rights Agreement, or
(C) a post-effective amendment to a New Registration Statement required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 2(c) of the Registration Rights Agreement to register the resale of Securities by the Investor under
the Securities Act pursuant to this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement, and (ii) the date the Company files with the Commission (A) a Prospectus Supplement to the Prospectus contained in the Initial Registration Statement or
any New Registration Statement under the Securities Act (other than a Prospectus Supplement filed with the Commission solely for the purpose of updating the Prospectus to include the information contained in the Company’s quarterly report on
Form 10-Q that includes only updated financial information as of the end of the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter), (B) an annual report on Form 10-K under the
Exchange Act with respect to a fiscal year ending after the Commencement Date, (C) an amendment on Form 10-K/A to an annual report on Form 10-K under the Exchange
Act with respect to a fiscal year ending after the Commencement Date, which contains amended material financial information (or a restatement of material financial information) or an amendment to other material information contained in a previously
filed Form 10-K, and (D) a Commission Document under the Exchange Act (other than those referred to in clauses (ii)(A) and (ii)(B) of this Section 6.15(a)), which contains amended material financial
information (or a restatement of material financial information) or an amendment to other material information contained or incorporated by reference in the Initial Registration Statement, any New Registration Statement, or the Prospectus or any
Prospectus Supplement contained in the Initial Registration Statement or any New Registration Statement (it being hereby acknowledged and agreed that the filing by the Company with the Commission of a quarterly report on Form 10-Q that includes only updated financial information as of the end of the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter shall not, in and of itself, constitute an “amendment” or “restatement” for
purposes of clause (ii) of this Section 6.15(a)), in each case of this clause (ii) if the Company is not also then required under the Securities Act to file a post-effective amendment to the Initial Registration Statement, any New
Registration Statement or a post-effective amendment to any New Registration Statement, in each case with respect to a fiscal year ending after the Commencement Date, to register the resale of Securities by the Investor under the Securities Act
pursuant to this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement, and in any case of this clause (ii), not more than once per calendar quarter, the Company shall (I) deliver to the Investor a Compliance Certificate, dated such date, and
(II) cause to be furnished to the Investor a negative assurance letter from Cooley LLP, outside counsel to the Company, substantially in the form mutually agreed to by the Company and the Investor prior to the date of this Agreement, modified,
as necessary, to relate to such Registration Statement or post-effective amendment, or the Prospectus contained therein as then amended or supplemented by such Prospectus Supplement, as applicable (each such letter, a “Bring Down
Letter”). 

  
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 (b) Within three (3) Trading Days immediately following the end of each PEA
Period, if the Company is required under the Securities Act to file with the Commission (i) an annual report on Form 10-K under the Exchange Act with respect to a fiscal year ending after the Commencement
Date, (ii) an amendment on Form 10-K/A to an annual report on Form 10-K under the Exchange Act with respect to a fiscal year ending after the Commencement Date,
which contains amended material financial information (or a restatement of material financial information) or an amendment to other material information contained in a previously filed Form 10-K, or
(iii) a Commission Document under the Exchange Act (other than those referred to in clauses (ii)(A) and (ii)(B) of this Section 6.15(b)), which contains amended material financial information (or a restatement of material financial
information) or an amendment to other material information contained or incorporated by reference in the Initial Registration Statement, any New Registration Statement, or the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement contained in the Initial
Registration Statement or any New Registration Statement (it being hereby acknowledged and agreed that the filing by the Company with the Commission of a quarterly report on Form 10-Q that includes only
updated financial information as of the end of the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter shall not, in and of itself, constitute an “amendment” or “restatement” for purposes of clause (ii) of this Section 6.15(b)),
the Company shall cause to be furnished to the Investor a comfort letter from the Company’s independent accountants in a form and substance substantially similar to the initial comfort letter provided under Section 7.2(xvii). 

ARTICLE VII 
 CONDITIONS
TO CLOSING, COMMENCEMENT AND PURCHASES 
 Section 7.1. Conditions Precedent to Closing. The
Closing is subject to the satisfaction of each of the conditions set forth in this Section 7.1 on the Closing Date. 
 (i)
Accuracy of the Investor’s Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties of the Investor contained in this Agreement (a) that are not qualified by “materiality” shall be true and correct in all
material respects as of the Closing Date, except to the extent such representations and warranties are as of another date, in which case, such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such other date
and (b) that are qualified by “materiality” shall be true and correct as of the Closing Date, except to the extent such representations and warranties are as of another date, in which case, such representations and warranties shall be
true and correct as of such other date. 
 (ii) Accuracy of the Company’s Representations and Warranties. The
representations and warranties of the Company contained in this Agreement (a) that are not qualified by “materiality” or “Material Adverse Effect” shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the Closing Date,
except to the extent such representations and warranties are as of another date, in which case, such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such other date and (b) that are qualified by
“materiality” or “Material Adverse Effect” shall be true and correct as of the Closing Date, except to the extent such representations and warranties are as of another date, in which case, such representations and warranties
shall be true and correct as of such other date. 
 (iii) Payment of Document Preparation Fee; Issuance of Commitment
Shares. On or prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall have paid by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated by the Investor (or the Investor’s counsel) on or prior to the date hereof, the Document
Preparation Fee (less any amounts previously 

  
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paid to Investor prior to the Closing Date) in accordance with Section 10.1(i), all of which Document Preparation Fee shall be fully earned and
non-refundable as of the Closing Date, regardless of whether the Commencement occurs or whether any VWAP Purchases or Intraday VWAP Purchases are made or settled hereunder or any subsequent termination of this
Agreement. On the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver irrevocable instructions to its transfer agent to issue to the Investor, not later than 3:59 p.m. (New York City time) on the second Trading Day immediately following the Closing Date, a
book-entry statement representing the Commitment Shares in the name of the Investor or its designee (in which case such designee name shall have been provided to the Company prior to the Closing Date), in consideration for the Investor’s
execution and delivery of this Agreement. Such book-entry statement shall be delivered to the Investor by email at its address set forth in Section 10.4 hereof. For the avoidance of doubt, all of the Commitment Shares shall be fully earned as
of the Closing Date, regardless of whether the Commencement occurs or whether any VWAP Purchases or Intraday VWAP Purchases are made or settled hereunder or any subsequent termination of this Agreement. 

(iv) Closing Deliverables. At the Closing, counterpart signature pages of this Agreement and the Registration Rights
Agreement executed by each of the parties hereto shall be delivered as provided in Section 2.2. Simultaneously with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement, the Investor’s counsel shall have
received (a) the closing certificate from the Company, dated the Closing Date, in the form of Exhibit B hereto, and (b) a copy of the irrevocable instructions to the Company’s transfer agent regarding the issuance to the
Investor or its designee of the certificate(s) or book-entry statement(s) representing the Commitment Shares pursuant to and in accordance with Section 10.1(ii)(a) hereof. 

Section 7.2. Conditions Precedent to Commencement. The right of the Company to commence delivering
VWAP Purchase Notices and Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices under this Agreement, and the obligation of the Investor to accept VWAP Purchase Notices and Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices timely delivered to the Investor by the Company under this
Agreement, are subject to the initial satisfaction, at Commencement, of each of the conditions set forth in this Section 7.2. 

(i) Accuracy of the Company’s Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties of the Company
contained in this Agreement (a) that are not qualified by “materiality” or “Material Adverse Effect” shall have been true and correct in all material respects when made and shall be true and correct in all material respects
as of the Commencement Date with the same force and effect as if made on such date, except to the extent such representations and warranties are as of another date, in which case, such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all
material respects as of such other date and (b) that are qualified by “materiality” or “Material Adverse Effect” shall have been true and correct when made and shall be true and correct as of the Commencement Date with the
same force and effect as if made on such date, except to the extent such representations and warranties are as of another date, in which case, such representations and warranties shall be true and correct as of such other date. 

  
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 (ii) Performance of the Company. The Company shall have performed,
satisfied and complied in all material respects with all covenants, agreements and conditions required by this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement to be performed, satisfied or complied with by the Company at or prior to the
Commencement. The Company shall deliver to the Investor on the Commencement Date the compliance certificate substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C (the “Compliance Certificate”). 

(iii) Initial Registration Statement Effective. The Initial Registration Statement covering the resale by the Investor of
the Registrable Securities included therein required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 2(a) of the Registration Rights Agreement shall have been declared effective under the Securities Act by the Commission, and
the Investor shall be permitted to utilize the Prospectus therein to resell (i) all of the Commitment Shares and (ii) all of the Shares included in such Prospectus. 

(iv) No Material Notices. None of the following events shall have occurred and be continuing: (a) receipt of any
request by the Commission or any other Governmental Authority for any additional information relating to the Initial Registration Statement, the Prospectus contained therein or any Prospectus Supplement thereto, or for any amendment of or supplement
to the Initial Registration Statement, the Prospectus contained therein or any Prospectus Supplement thereto; (b) the issuance by the Commission or any other Governmental Authority of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Initial
Registration Statement or prohibiting or suspending the use of the Prospectus contained therein or any Prospectus Supplement thereto, or of the suspension of qualification or exemption from qualification of the Securities for offering or sale in any
jurisdiction, or the initiation or contemplated initiation of any proceeding for such purpose; or (c) the occurrence of any event or the existence of any condition or state of facts, which makes any statement of a material fact made in the
Initial Registration Statement, the Prospectus contained therein or any Prospectus Supplement thereto untrue or which requires the making of any additions to or changes to the statements then made in the Initial Registration Statement, the
Prospectus contained therein or any Prospectus Supplement thereto in order to state a material fact required by the Securities Act to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements then made therein (in the case of the Prospectus or
any Prospectus Supplement, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, or which requires an amendment to the Initial Registration Statement or a supplement to the Prospectus contained therein or any Prospectus
Supplement thereto to comply with the Securities Act or any other applicable law. The Company shall have no Knowledge of any event that could reasonably be expected to have the effect of causing the suspension of the effectiveness of the Initial
Registration Statement or the prohibition or suspension of the use of the Prospectus contained therein or any Prospectus Supplement thereto in connection with the resale of the Registrable Securities by the Investor. 

(v) Other Commission Filings. The Current Report and the Form D shall have been filed with the Commission as required
pursuant to Section 2.3. The final Prospectus included in the Initial Registration Statement shall have been filed with the Commission prior to Commencement in accordance with Section 2.3 and the Registration Rights Agreement. All reports,
schedules, registrations, forms, statements, information and other documents required to have been filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, including all material required to have been
filed pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, prior to Commencement shall have been filed with the Commission. 

  
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 (vi) No Suspension of Trading in or Notice of Delisting of Common
Stock. Trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended by the Commission, the Trading Market or FINRA (except for any suspension of trading of limited duration agreed to by the Company, which suspension shall be terminated prior to
the Commencement Date), the Company shall not have received any final and non-appealable notice that the listing or quotation of the Common Stock on the Trading Market shall be terminated on a date certain
(unless, prior to such date certain, the Common Stock is listed or quoted on any other Eligible Market), nor shall there have been imposed any suspension of, or restriction on, accepting additional deposits of the Common Stock, electronic trading or
book-entry services by DTC with respect to the Common Stock that is continuing, the Company shall not have received any notice from DTC to the effect that a suspension of, or restriction on, accepting additional deposits of the Common Stock,
electronic trading or book-entry services by DTC with respect to the Common Stock is being imposed or is contemplated (unless, prior to such suspension or restriction, DTC shall have notified the Company in writing that DTC has determined not to
impose any such suspension or restriction). 
 (vii) Compliance with Laws. The Company shall have complied with all
applicable federal, state and local governmental laws, rules, regulations and ordinances in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the consummation of
the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, including, without limitation, the Company shall have obtained all permits and qualifications required by any applicable state securities or “Blue Sky” laws for the offer and sale of the
Securities by the Company to the Investor and the subsequent resale of the Registrable Securities by the Investor (or shall have the availability of exemptions therefrom). 

(viii) No Injunction. No statute, regulation, order, decree, writ, ruling or injunction shall have been enacted, entered,
promulgated, threatened or endorsed by any court or Governmental Authority of competent jurisdiction which prohibits the consummation of or which would materially modify or delay any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.

 (ix) No Proceedings or Litigation. No action, suit or proceeding before any arbitrator or any court or Governmental
Authority shall have been commenced, and no inquiry or investigation by any Governmental Authority shall have been commenced, against the Company or any Subsidiary, or any of the officers, directors or Affiliates of the Company or any Subsidiary,
seeking to restrain, prevent or change the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, or seeking material damages in connection with such transactions. 

(x) Listing of Securities. All of the Securities that have been and may be issued pursuant to this Agreement shall
have been approved for listing or quotation on the Trading Market (or on an Eligible Market) as of the Commencement Date, subject only to notice of issuance. 

(xi) No Material Adverse Effect. No condition, occurrence, state of facts or event constituting a Material Adverse
Effect shall have occurred and be continuing. 

  
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 (xii) No Bankruptcy Proceedings. No Person shall have commenced
a proceeding against the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law. The Company shall not have, pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law, (a) commenced a voluntary case, (b) consented to the entry of an
order for relief against it in an involuntary case, (c) consented to the appointment of a Custodian of the Company or for all or substantially all of its property, or (d) made a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors. A court
of competent jurisdiction shall not have entered an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that (I) is for relief against the Company in an involuntary case, (II) appoints a Custodian of the Company or for all or substantially all of its
property, or (III) orders the liquidation of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. 
 (xiii) Commitment Shares Issued as
DWAC Shares. The Company shall have caused the Company’s transfer agent to credit the Investor’s or its designee’s account at DTC as DWAC Shares such number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of Commitment Shares
issued to the Investor pursuant to Section 10.1(ii) hereof, in accordance with Section 10.1(iv) hereof. 
 (xiv)
Delivery of Commencement Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions and Notice of Effectiveness. The Commencement Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions shall have been executed by the Company and delivered to acknowledged in writing by
the Company’s transfer agent, and the Notice of Effectiveness relating to the Initial Registration Statement shall have been executed by the Company’s outside counsel and delivered to the Company’s transfer agent, in each case
directing such transfer agent to issue to the Investor or its designated Broker-Dealer all of the Commitment Shares and all of the Shares included in the Initial Registration Statement as DWAC Shares in accordance with this Agreement and the
Registration Rights Agreement. 
 (xv) Reservation of Shares. As of the Commencement Date, the Company shall have
reserved out of its authorized and unissued Common Stock 23,477,881 shares of Common Stock solely for the purpose of issuing Shares pursuant to VWAP Purchases and Intraday VWAP Purchases that may be effected by the Company, in its sole discretion,
from and after the Commencement Date under this Agreement. 
 (xvi) Opinions of Company Counsel. On the Commencement
Date, the Investor shall have received an opinion and negative assurance letter from Cooley LLP, outside counsel to the Company, dated the Commencement Date, in the forms mutually agreed to by the Company and the Investor prior to the date of this
Agreement. 
 (xvii) Comfort Letter. On the Commencement Date, Investor shall have received from BDO USA, LLP, the
Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, a comfort letter in a form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Investor. 

Section 7.3. Conditions Precedent to Purchases after Commencement Date. The right of the Company to
deliver VWAP Purchase Notices and Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices under this Agreement after the Commencement Date, and the obligation of the Investor to accept VWAP Purchase Notices and Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices timely delivered to the Investor
by the Company under this Agreement after the Commencement Date, are subject to the 

  
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satisfaction of each of the conditions set forth in this Section 7.3, (X) with respect to a VWAP Purchase Notice for a VWAP Purchase that is timely delivered by the Company to the Investor
in accordance with this Agreement, as of the VWAP Purchase Commencement Time of the applicable VWAP Purchase Period for such VWAP Purchase to be effected pursuant to such VWAP Purchase Notice and (Y) with respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase
Notice for an Intraday VWAP Purchase that is timely delivered by the Company to the Investor in accordance with this Agreement, as of the Intraday VWAP Purchase Commencement Time of the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for such Intraday VWAP
Purchase to be effected pursuant to such Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (each such VWAP Purchase Commencement Time (with respect to a VWAP Purchase Notice) and each such Intraday VWAP Purchase Commencement Time (with respect to an Intraday VWAP
Purchase Notice), at which time all such conditions must be satisfied, a “Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time”). 

(i) Satisfaction of Certain Prior Conditions. Each of the conditions set forth in subsections (i), (ii), and
(vii) through (xiv) set forth in Section 7.2 shall be satisfied at the applicable Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time after the Commencement Date (with the terms “Commencement” and “Commencement Date” in the conditions
set forth in subsections (i) and (ii) of Section 7.2 replaced with “applicable Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time”); provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to deliver the Compliance Certificate
after the Commencement Date, except as provided in Section 6.15 and Section 7.3(x). 
 (ii) Initial Registration
Statement Effective. The Initial Registration Statement covering the resale by the Investor of the Registrable Securities included therein filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 2(a) of the Registration Rights
Agreement, and any post-effective amendment thereto required to be filed by the Company with the Commission after the Commencement Date and prior to the applicable Purchase Date pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, in each case shall have
been declared effective under the Securities Act by the Commission and shall remain effective for the applicable Registration Period, and the Investor shall be permitted to utilize the Prospectus therein, and any Prospectus Supplement thereto, to
resell (a) all of the Commitment Shares, (b) all of the Shares included in the Initial Registration Statement, and any post-effective amendment thereto, that have been issued and sold to the Investor hereunder pursuant to all VWAP Purchase
Notices and Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices (as applicable) delivered by the Company to the Investor prior to such applicable Purchase Date and (c) all of the Shares included in the Initial Registration Statement, and any post-effective
amendment thereto, that are issuable pursuant to the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice or Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable) delivered by the Company to the Investor with respect to a VWAP Purchase or an Intraday VWAP Purchase (as
applicable) to be effected hereunder on such applicable Purchase Date. 
 (iii) Any Required New Registration Statement
Effective. Any New Registration Statement covering the resale by the Investor of the Registrable Securities included therein, and any post-effective amendment thereto, required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to the
Registration Rights Agreement after the Commencement Date and prior to the applicable Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase or Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), in each case shall have been declared effective under the Securities Act by the
Commission and shall remain effective for the applicable Registration Period, and the Investor shall be permitted to utilize the Prospectus therein, and any Prospectus Supplement thereto, to 

  
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resell (a) all of the Commitment Shares (if any) included in such New Registration Statement, and any post-effective amendment thereto, (b) all of the Shares included in such New
Registration Statement, and any post-effective amendment thereto, that have been issued and sold to the Investor hereunder pursuant to all VWAP Purchase Notices and Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices (as applicable) delivered by the Company to the
Investor prior to such applicable Purchase Date and (c) all of the Shares included in such new Registration Statement, and any post-effective amendment thereto, that are issuable pursuant to the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice or Intraday VWAP
Purchase Notice (as applicable) delivered by the Company to the Investor with respect to a VWAP Purchase or an Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) to be effected hereunder on such applicable Purchase Date. 

(iv) Delivery of Subsequent Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions and Notice of Effectiveness. With respect to any
post-effective amendment to the Initial Registration Statement, any New Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment to any New Registration Statement, in each case declared effective by the Commission after the Commencement Date, the
Company shall have delivered or caused to be delivered to the Company’s transfer agent (a) irrevocable instructions in the form substantially similar to the Commencement Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions executed by the Company and
acknowledged in writing by its transfer agent and (b) the Notice of Effectiveness, in each case modified as necessary to refer to such Registration Statement or post-effective amendment and the Registrable Securities included therein, to issue
the Registrable Securities included therein as DWAC Shares in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. 

(v) No Material Notices. None of the following events shall have occurred and be continuing: (a) receipt of any
request by the Commission or any other Governmental Authority for any additional information relating to the Initial Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, any New Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment
thereto, or the Prospectus contained in any of the foregoing or any Prospectus Supplement thereto, or for any amendment of or supplement to the Initial Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, any New Registration Statement or
any post-effective amendment thereto, or the Prospectus contained in any of the foregoing or any Prospectus Supplement thereto; (b) the issuance by the Commission or any other Governmental Authority of any stop order suspending the
effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, any New Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, or prohibiting or suspending the use of the Prospectus contained in any of the
foregoing or any Prospectus Supplement thereto, or of the suspension of qualification or exemption from qualification of the Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or the initiation or contemplated initiation of any proceeding for such
purpose; or (c) the occurrence of any event or the existence of any condition or state of facts, which makes any statement of a material fact made in the Initial Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, any New
Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, or the Prospectus contained in any of the foregoing or any Prospectus Supplement thereto untrue or which requires the making of any additions to or changes to the statements then made
in the Initial Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, any New Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, or the Prospectus contained in any of the foregoing or any Prospectus Supplement thereto in order
to state a material fact required by the Securities Act to be stated 

  
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therein or necessary in order to make the statements then made therein (in the case of the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not
misleading, or which requires an amendment to the Initial Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, any New Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, or the Prospectus contained in any of the foregoing or
any Prospectus Supplement thereto to comply with the Securities Act or any other applicable law (other than the transactions contemplated by the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice delivered by the Company to the Investor with respect to a VWAP
Purchase, or the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice delivered by the Company to the Investor with respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) to be effected hereunder on such applicable Purchase Date and the settlement thereof). The
Company shall have no Knowledge of any event that could reasonably be expected to have the effect of causing the suspension of the effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, any New Registration
Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, or the prohibition or suspension of the use of the Prospectus contained in any of the foregoing or any Prospectus Supplement thereto in connection with the resale of the Registrable Securities by
the Investor. 
 (vi) Other Commission Filings. The final Prospectus included in any post-effective amendment to the
Initial Registration Statement, and any Prospectus Supplement thereto, required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 2.3 and the Registration Rights Agreement after the Commencement Date and prior to the applicable
Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase or such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), shall have been filed with the Commission in accordance with Section 2.3 and the Registration Rights Agreement. The final Prospectus included in any New
Registration Statement and in any post-effective amendment thereto, and any Prospectus Supplement thereto, required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 2.3 and the Registration Rights Agreement after the
Commencement Date and prior to the applicable Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase or such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), shall have been filed with the Commission in accordance with Section 2.3 and the Registration Rights Agreement.
All reports, schedules, registrations, forms, statements, information and other documents required to have been filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, including all material required to
have been filed pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, after the Commencement Date and prior to the applicable Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase or such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), shall have been filed with the
Commission and, if any Registrable Securities are covered by a Registration Statement on Form S-3, such filings shall have been made within the applicable time period prescribed for such filing under the
Exchange Act. 
 (vii) No Suspension of Trading in or Notice of Delisting of Common Stock. Trading in the Common Stock
shall not have been suspended by the Commission, the Trading Market (or Eligible Market, as applicable) or FINRA (except for any suspension of trading of limited duration agreed to by the Company, which suspension shall be terminated prior to the
applicable Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase or such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable)), the Company shall not have received any final and non-appealable notice that the listing or quotation of the
Common Stock on the Trading Market (or Eligible Market, as applicable) shall be terminated on a date certain (unless, prior to such date certain, the Common Stock is listed or quoted on any other Eligible Market), nor shall there have been imposed
any suspension of, or 

  
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restriction on, accepting additional deposits of the Common Stock, electronic trading or book-entry services by DTC with respect to the Common Stock that is continuing, the Company shall not have
received any notice from DTC to the effect that a suspension of, or restriction on, accepting additional deposits of the Common Stock, electronic trading or book-entry services by DTC with respect to the Common Stock is being imposed or is
contemplated (unless, prior to such suspension or restriction, DTC shall have notified the Company in writing that DTC has determined not to impose any such suspension or restriction). 

(viii) Certain Limitations. The issuance and sale of the Shares issuable pursuant to the applicable VWAP Purchase
Notice or the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable) shall not (a) exceed, in the case of a VWAP Purchase Notice, the VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount applicable to such VWAP Purchase Notice or, in the case of an Intraday VWAP
Purchase Notice, the Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount applicable to such Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice, (b) cause the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to this Agreement to exceed the Aggregate Limit,
(c) cause the Investor to beneficially own (under Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and Rule 13d-3 promulgated thereunder) shares of Common Stock in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, or
(d) if and to the extent the Exchange Cap is then applicable under Section 3.4, cause the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to this Agreement to exceed the Exchange Cap, unless in the case of this clause (d), the
Company’s stockholders have theretofore approved the issuance of such shares of Common Stock in excess of the Exchange Cap in accordance with the applicable rules of the Trading Market. 

(ix) Shares Authorized and Delivered. All of the Shares issuable pursuant to the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice
or Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable) shall have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company. All Shares relating to all prior VWAP Purchase Notices and all prior Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices, required to have
been received by the Investor as DWAC Shares under this Agreement prior to the applicable Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time for the applicable VWAP Purchase or Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) shall have been delivered to the Investor as
DWAC Shares in accordance with this Agreement. 
 (x) Bring-Down Letters of Company Counsel and Compliance
Certificates. The Investor shall have received (a) all Bring Down Letters from outside counsel to the Company for which the Company was obligated to instruct its outside counsel to deliver to the Investor prior to the applicable
Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time for the applicable VWAP Purchase or Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) and (b) all Compliance Certificates from the Company that the Company was obligated to deliver to the Investor prior to the
applicable Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time for the applicable VWAP Purchase or Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), in each case in accordance with Section 6.15(a). 

(xi) Comfort Letters from the Company’s Independent Accountants. The Investor shall have received all comfort
letters from the independent accountant to the Company for which the Company was obligated to instruct its independent accountant to deliver to the Investor prior to the applicable Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time for the applicable VWAP
Purchase or Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) in accordance with Section 6.15(b). 

  
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 ARTICLE VIII 

TERMINATION 

Section 8.1. Automatic Termination. Unless earlier terminated as provided hereunder, this Agreement
shall terminate automatically on the earliest to occur of (i) the first day of the month next following the 24-month anniversary of the Commencement Date, (ii) the date on which the Investor shall
have purchased from the Company, pursuant to all VWAP Purchases and Intraday VWAP Purchases that have occurred and fully settled pursuant to this Agreement, an aggregate number of Shares for a total aggregate gross purchase price to the Company
equal to the Total Commitment, (iii) the date on which the Common Stock shall have failed to be listed or quoted on the Trading Market or any Eligible Market for a period of one (1) Trading Day, (iv) the thirtieth (30th) Trading Day next following the date on which, pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law, the Company commences a voluntary case or any Person commences a proceeding against the
Company, in each case that is not discharged or dismissed prior to such thirtieth (30th) Trading Day, and (v) the date on which, pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law, a
Custodian is appointed for the Company or for all or substantially all of its property, or the Company makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors. 

Section 8.2. Other Termination. Subject to Section 8.3, the Company may terminate this Agreement
after the Commencement Date effective upon ten (10) Trading Days’ prior written notice to the Investor in accordance with Section 10.4; provided, however, that (i) the Company shall have issued all of the Commitment
Shares required to be issued to the Investor pursuant to Section 10.1(ii)(a) of this Agreement, and shall have paid the Document Preparation Fee required to be paid to the Investor or its counsel pursuant to Section 10.1(i) of this
Agreement, in each case prior to such termination, and (ii) prior to issuing any press release, or making any public statement or announcement, with respect to such termination, the Company shall consult with the Investor and its counsel on the
form and substance of such press release or other disclosure. Subject to Section 8.3, this Agreement may be terminated at any time by the mutual written consent of the parties, effective as of the date of such mutual written consent unless
otherwise provided in such written consent. Subject to Section 8.3, the Investor shall have the right to terminate this Agreement effective upon ten (10) Trading Days’ prior written notice to the Company in accordance with
Section 10.4, if: (a) any condition, occurrence, state of facts or event constituting a Material Adverse Effect has occurred and is continuing; (b) a Fundamental Transaction shall have occurred; (c) the Initial Registration
Statement and any New Registration Statement is not filed by the applicable Filing Deadline therefor or declared effective by the Commission by the applicable Effectiveness Deadline (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement) therefor, or the
Company is otherwise in breach or default in any material respect under any of the other provisions of the Registration Rights Agreement, and, if such failure, breach or default is capable of being cured, such failure, breach or default is not cured
within ten (10) Trading Days after notice of such failure, breach or default is delivered to the Company pursuant to Section 10.4; (d) while a Registration Statement, or any post-effective amendment thereto, is required to be maintained
effective pursuant to the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement and the Investor holds any Registrable Securities, the effectiveness of such Registration Statement, or any post-effective amendment thereto, lapses for any reason (including,
without limitation, the issuance of a stop order by the Commission) or such Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, the Prospectus contained therein or any Prospectus Supplement thereto otherwise becomes unavailable to the
Investor for the resale of all of the Registrable Securities included therein in 

  
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accordance with the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement, and such lapse or unavailability continues for a period of thirty (30) consecutive Trading Days or for more than an aggregate
of ninety (90) Trading Days in any 365-day period, other than due to acts of the Investor; (e) trading in the Common Stock on the Trading Market (or if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible
Market, trading in the Common Stock on such Eligible Market) shall have been suspended and such suspension continues for a period of three (3) consecutive Trading Days; or (f) the Company is in material breach or default of this Agreement,
and, if such breach or default is capable of being cured, such breach or default is not cured within ten (10) Trading Days after notice of such breach or default is delivered to the Company pursuant to Section 10.4. Unless notification
thereof is required elsewhere in this Agreement (in which case such notification shall be provided in accordance with such other provision), the Company shall promptly (but in no event later than twenty-four (24) hours) notify the Investor
(and, if required under applicable law, including, without limitation, Regulation FD promulgated by the Commission, or under the applicable rules and regulations of the Trading Market (or Eligible Market, as applicable), the Company shall publicly
disclose such information in accordance with Regulation FD and the applicable rules and regulations of the Trading Market (or Eligible Market, as applicable)) upon becoming aware of any of the events set forth in the immediately preceding sentence.

 Section 8.3. Effect of Termination. In the event of termination by the Company or the Investor
(other than by mutual termination) pursuant to Section 8.2, written notice thereof shall forthwith be given to the other party as provided in Section 10.4 and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall be terminated without
further action by either party. If this Agreement is terminated as provided in Section 8.1 or Section 8.2, this Agreement shall become void and of no further force and effect, except that (i) the provisions of Article V
(Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Company), Article IX (Indemnification), Article X (Miscellaneous) and this Article VIII (Termination) shall remain in full force and effect indefinitely notwithstanding such termination, and,
(ii) so long as the Investor owns any Securities, the covenants and agreements of the Company contained in Article VI (Additional Covenants) shall remain in full force and notwithstanding such termination for a period of six (6) months
following such termination. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, no termination of this Agreement by any party shall (i) become effective prior to the fifth (5th)
Trading Day immediately following the settlement date related to any pending VWAP Purchase or any pending Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) that has not been fully settled in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement (it being
hereby acknowledged and agreed that no termination of this Agreement shall limit, alter, modify, change or otherwise affect any of the Company’s or the Investor’s rights or obligations under the Transaction Documents with respect to any
pending VWAP Purchase and any pending Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), and that the parties shall fully perform their respective obligations with respect to any such pending VWAP Purchase and any pending Intraday VWAP Purchase under the
Transaction Documents), (ii) limit, alter, modify, change or otherwise affect the Company’s or the Investor’s rights or obligations under the Registration Rights Agreement, all of which shall survive any such termination, (iii) affect
any Commitment Shares issued or issuable to the Investor pursuant to Section 10.1(ii), all of which Commitment Shares shall be fully earned as of the Closing Date, regardless of whether the Commencement shall have occurred, whether any VWAP
Purchases or Intraday VWAP Purchases are made or settled hereunder or any subsequent termination of this Agreement, or (iv) affect the Document Preparation Fee payable or paid to the Investor (or to its counsel directly), all of which Document
Preparation Fee shall be non-refundable when paid on the Closing Date pursuant to Section 10.1(i), 

  
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regardless of whether the Commencement shall have occurred, whether any VWAP Purchases or Intraday VWAP Purchases are made or settled hereunder or any subsequent termination of this Agreement.
Nothing in this Section 8.3 shall be deemed to release the Company or the Investor from any liability for any breach or default under this Agreement or any of the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party, or to impair the rights of
the Company and the Investor to compel specific performance by the other party of its obligations under the Transaction Documents to which it is a party. 

ARTICLE IX 

INDEMNIFICATION 

Section 9.1. Indemnification of Investor. In consideration of the Investor’s execution and
delivery of this Agreement and acquiring the Securities hereunder and in addition to all of the Company’s other obligations under the Transaction Documents to which it is a party, subject to the provisions of this Section 9.1, the Company
shall indemnify and hold harmless the Investor, each of its directors, officers, stockholders, members, partners, employees, representatives, agents and advisors (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such
titles notwithstanding the lack of such title or any other title), each Person, if any, who controls the Investor (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act), and the respective directors,
officers, stockholders, members, partners, employees, representatives, agents and advisors (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding the lack of such title or any other title) of such
controlling Persons (each, an “Investor Party”), from and against all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses (including all judgments, amounts paid in settlement, court costs,
reasonable and documented attorneys’ fees and costs of defense and investigation) (collectively, “Damages”) that any Investor Party may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to (a) any breach of any of the
representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party or (b) any action, suit, claim or proceeding (including
for these purposes a derivative action brought on behalf of the Company) instituted against such Investor Party arising out of or resulting from the execution, delivery, performance or enforcement of the Transaction Documents, other than claims for
indemnification within the scope of Section 6 of the Registration Rights Agreement; provided, however, that (x) the foregoing indemnity shall not apply to any Damages to the extent, but only to the extent, that such Damages
resulted directly and primarily from a breach of any of the Investor’s representations, warranties, covenants or agreements contained in this Agreement or the Registration Rights Agreement, and (y) the Company shall not be liable under
subsection (b) of this Section 9.1 to the extent, but only to the extent, that a court of competent jurisdiction shall have determined by a final judgment (from which no further appeals are available) that such Damages resulted directly
and primarily from any acts or failures to act, undertaken or omitted to be taken by such Investor Party through its fraud, bad faith, gross negligence, or willful or reckless misconduct. 

The Company shall reimburse any Investor Party promptly upon demand (with accompanying presentation of sufficiently detailed documentary
evidence) for all reasonable and documented legal and other costs and expenses incurred by such Investor Party in connection with (i) any action, suit, claim or proceeding, whether at law or in equity, to enforce compliance by the Company with
any provision of the Transaction Documents or (ii) any other any action, suit, claim 

  
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or proceeding, whether at law or in equity, with respect to which it is entitled to indemnification under this Section 9.1; provided that the Investor shall promptly reimburse the
Company for all such legal and other costs and expenses to the extent a court of competent jurisdiction determines that any Investor Party was not entitled to such reimbursement. 

An Investor Party’s right to indemnification or other remedies based upon the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements of
the Company set forth in the Transaction Documents shall not in any way be affected by any investigation or knowledge of such Investor Party. Such representations, warranties, covenants and agreements shall not be affected or deemed waived by reason
of the fact that an Investor Party knew or should have known that any representation or warranty might be inaccurate or that the Company failed to comply with any agreement or covenant. Any investigation by such Investor Party shall be for its own
protection only and shall not affect or impair any right or remedy hereunder. 
 To the extent that the foregoing undertakings by the
Company set forth in this Section 9.1 may be unenforceable for any reason, the Company shall make the maximum contribution to the payment and satisfaction of each of the Damages which is permissible under applicable law. 

Section 9.2. Indemnification Procedures. Promptly after an Investor Party receives notice of a claim
or the commencement of an action for which the Investor Party intends to seek indemnification under Section 9.1, the Investor Party will notify the Company in writing of the claim or commencement of the action, suit or proceeding;
provided, however, that failure to notify the Company will not relieve the Company from liability under Section 9.1, except to the extent it has been materially prejudiced by the failure to give notice. The Company will be
entitled to participate in the defense of any claim, action, suit or proceeding as to which indemnification is being sought, and if the Company acknowledges in writing the obligation to indemnify the Investor Party against whom the claim or action
is brought, the Company may (but will not be required to) assume the defense against the claim, action, suit or proceeding with counsel satisfactory to it. After the Company notifies the Investor Party that the Company wishes to assume the defense
of a claim, action, suit or proceeding, the Company will not be liable for any further legal or other expenses incurred by the Investor Party in connection with the defense against the claim, action, suit or proceeding except that if, in the opinion
of counsel to the Investor Party, it would be inappropriate under the applicable rules of professional responsibility for the same counsel to represent both the Company and such Investor Party. In such event, the Company will pay the reasonable and
documented fees and expenses of no more than one separate counsel for all such Investor Parties promptly as such fees and expenses are incurred. Each Investor Party, as a condition to receiving indemnification as provided in Section 9.1, will
cooperate in all reasonable respects with the Company in the defense of any action or claim as to which indemnification is sought. The Company will not be liable for any settlement of any action effected without its prior written consent, which
consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned. The Company will not, without the prior written consent of the Investor Party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned, effect any settlement of a
pending or threatened action with respect to which an Investor Party is, or is informed that it may be, made a party and for which it would be entitled to indemnification, unless the settlement includes an unconditional release of the Investor Party
from all liability and claims which are the subject matter of the pending or threatened action. 

  
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 The remedies provided for in this Article IX are not exclusive and shall not limit any
rights or remedies which may otherwise be available to any Investor Party at law or in equity. 
 ARTICLE X 

MISCELLANEOUS 

Section 10.1. Certain Fees and Expenses; Commitment Shares; Commencement Irrevocable Transfer Agent
Instructions. 
 (i) Certain Fees and Expenses. Each party shall bear its own fees and expenses related to the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement; provided, however, that the Company shall pay, on or prior to the Closing Date, by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated by the Investor prior to the date of
this Agreement, a non-accountable document preparation fee of (a) $100,000 (the “Document Preparation Fee”), in connection with the preparation, negotiation, execution and delivery of
the Transaction Documents and legal due diligence of the Company, and (b) $5,000 per calendar quarter in connection with quarterly updates. The Company shall pay all U.S. federal, state and local stamp and other similar transfer and other taxes and
duties levied in connection with issuance of the Securities pursuant hereto. 
 (ii) Commitment Shares. In
consideration for the Investor’s execution and delivery of this Agreement, concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement on the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver irrevocable instructions to its transfer agent to issue to
the Investor, not later than 3:59 p.m. (New York City time) on the second Trading Day immediately following the Closing Date, one or more certificate(s) or book-entry statement(s) representing the Commitment Shares in the name of the Investor or its
designee (in which case such designee name shall have been provided to the Company prior to the Closing Date). Such certificate or book-entry statement shall be delivered to the Investor by overnight courier at its address set forth in
Section 10.4. For the avoidance of doubt, all of the Commitment Shares shall be fully earned as of the Closing Date, regardless of whether the Commencement shall have occurred, any VWAP Purchases or Intraday VWAP Purchases are effected by the
Company or settled hereunder or any subsequent termination of this Agreement. Upon issuance pursuant to this Section 10.1(ii), the Commitment Shares shall constitute “restricted securities” as such term is defined in Rule 144(a)(3)
under the Securities Act and, subject to the provisions of subsection (iv) of this Section 10.1, the certificate or book-entry statement representing the Commitment Shares shall bear the restrictive legend set forth below in subsection
(iii) of this Section 10.1. The Commitment Shares shall constitute Registrable Securities and shall be included in the Initial Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, and the Prospectus included therein, and, if
necessary to register the resale thereof by the Investor under the Securities Act, in any New Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, and the Prospectus included therein, in each case in accordance with this Agreement and
the Registration Rights Agreement. 
 (iii) Legends. The certificate(s) or book-entry statement(s) representing the
Commitment Shares issued prior to the Effective Date of the Initial Registration Statement, except as set forth below, shall bear a restrictive legend in substantially the following form (and stop transfer instructions may be placed against transfer
of the Commitment Shares): 

  
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 THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THE SECURITIES HAVE BEEN ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, SOLD, TRANSFERRED OR ASSIGNED IN THE ABSENCE OF AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FOR THE
SECURITIES UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS, UNLESS SOLD PURSUANT TO: (1) RULE 144 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR (2) AN OPINION OF COUNSEL, IN A CUSTOMARY FORM, THAT
REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED UNDER SAID ACT OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. 
 Notwithstanding the foregoing and for the avoidance of
doubt, all Shares to be issued in respect of each VWAP Purchase Notice and all Shares to be issued in respect of each Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice delivered to the Investor pursuant to this Agreement, in each case, shall be issued to the Investor
in accordance with Section 3.3 by crediting the Investor’s or its designees’ account at DTC as DWAC Shares, and the Company shall not take any action or give instructions to any transfer agent of the Company otherwise. 

(iv) Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions; Notice of Effectiveness. On the earlier of (a) the Commencement Date
and (b) such time that the Investor shall request, provided all conditions of Rule 144 are met, the Company shall, no later than two (2) Trading Days following the delivery by the Investor to the Company or its transfer agent of one or
more legended certificates or book-entry statements representing the Commitment Shares issued to the Investor pursuant to Section 10.1(ii) (which certificates or book-entry statements the Investor shall promptly deliver on or prior to the first
to occur of the events described in clauses (a) and (b) of this sentence), cause the Company’s transfer agent to credit the Investor’s or its designee’s account at DTC as DWAC Shares such number of shares of Common Stock equal to
the number of Commitment Shares issued to the Investor pursuant to Section 10.1(ii). The Company shall take all actions to carry out the intent and accomplish the purposes of the immediately preceding sentence, including, without limitation,
delivering all such legal opinions, consents, certificates, resolutions and instructions to its transfer agent, and any successor transfer agent of the Company, as may be requested from time to time by the Investor or necessary or desirable to carry
out the intent and accomplish the purposes of the immediately preceding sentence. On the Effective Date of the Initial Registration Statement and prior to Commencement, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to its transfer agent (and
thereafter, shall deliver or cause to be delivered to any subsequent transfer agent of the Company), irrevocable instructions executed by the Company and acknowledged in writing by the Company’s transfer agent (the “Commencement
Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions”), together with a written notification from the Company’s outside counsel advising the transfer agent the Initial Registration Statement has been declared effective by the Commission (the
“Notice of Effectiveness”), directing the Company’s transfer agent to issue to the Investor or its designee all of the Commitment Shares and the Shares included in the Initial Registration Statement as DWAC Shares in
accordance with this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. With respect to any post-effective amendment to the Initial Registration Statement, any New Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment to any New Registration
Statement, in each case declared effective by the 

  
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Commission after the Commencement Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to its transfer agent (and thereafter, shall deliver or cause to be delivered to any subsequent transfer
agent of the Company) (i) irrevocable instructions in the form substantially similar to the Commencement Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions executed by the Company and acknowledged in writing by the Company’s transfer agent and
(ii) the Notice of Effectiveness, in each case modified as necessary to refer to such Registration Statement or post-effective amendment and the Registrable Securities included therein, to issue the Registrable Securities included therein as
DWAC Shares in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, all Shares, the Commitment Shares to be issued and delivered from and after Commencement to or for the benefit of the
Investor pursuant to this Agreement shall be issued and delivered to the Investor or its designee only as DWAC Shares. The Company represents and warrants to the Investor that, while this Agreement is effective, no instruction other than those
referred to in this Section 10.1(iv) will be given by the Company to its transfer agent, or any successor transfer agent of the Company, with respect to the Shares, the Commitment Shares from and after Commencement, and the Shares, the
Commitment Shares covered by the Initial Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereof, or any New Registration Statement or post-effective amendment thereof, as applicable, shall otherwise be freely transferable on the books and
records of the Company and no stop transfer instructions shall be maintained against the transfer thereof. The Company agrees that if the Company fails to fully comply with the provisions of this Section 10.1(iv) within three (3) Trading
Days after the date on which the Investor has provided the deliverables referred to above that the Investor is required to provide to the Company or its transfer agent, the Company shall, at the Investor’s written instruction, purchase from the
Investor all shares of Common Stock acquired by the Investor pursuant to this Agreement that contain the restrictive legend referred to in Section 10.1(iii) hereof (or any similar restrictive legend), or that have any stop transfer orders
maintained that prohibit or impede the transfer thereof in any respect, at the greater of (i) the purchase price paid for such shares of Common Stock (as applicable) and (ii) the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on the date of the
Investor’s written instruction. 
 Section 10.2. Specific Enforcement, Consent to Jurisdiction, Waiver
of Jury Trial. 
 (i) The Company and the Investor acknowledge and agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event
that any of the provisions of this Agreement were not performed in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached. It is accordingly agreed that either party shall be entitled to an injunction or injunctions to prevent or cure
breaches of the provisions of this Agreement by the other party and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof (without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required), this being in
addition to any other remedy to which either party may be entitled by law or equity. 
 (ii) Each of the Company and the Investor
(a) hereby irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of the U.S. District Court and other courts of the United States sitting in the State of New York for the purposes of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this
Agreement, and (b) hereby waives, and agrees not to assert in any such suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of such court, that the suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient
forum or that the venue of the suit, action or proceeding is improper. Each of the Company and the Investor consents to process being served 

  
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in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good
and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing in this Section 10.2 shall affect or limit any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. 

(iii) EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE INVESTOR HEREBY WAIVES TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A
TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT TO ANY LITIGATION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR DISPUTES RELATING HERETO. EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE INVESTOR (A) CERTIFIES
THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF THE OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER
PARTY HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 10.2. 

Section 10.3. Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents set forth the entire agreement and
understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior and contemporaneous agreements, negotiations and understandings between the parties, both oral and written, with respect to such matters. There are no
promises, undertakings, representations or warranties by either party relative to the subject matter hereof not expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents. The Disclosure Schedule and all exhibits to this Agreement are hereby incorporated
by reference in, and made a part of, this Agreement as if set forth in full herein. 
 Section 10.4.
Notices. Any notice, demand, request, waiver or other communication required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be in writing and shall be effective (a) upon hand delivery or electronic mail delivery at the address or number
designated below (if delivered on a business day during normal business hours where such notice is to be received), or the first business day following such delivery (if delivered other than on a business day during normal business hours where such
notice is to be received) or (b) on the second business day following the date of mailing by express courier service, fully prepaid, addressed to such address, or upon actual receipt of such mailing, whichever shall first occur. The address for
such communications shall be: 
 If to the Company: 

Rigetti Computing, Inc. 

775 Heinz Ave 

Berkeley, CA 94701 

Telephone Number: (510) 210-5550 

Attention: General Counsel 

  
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 With a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to: 

Cooley LLP 

55 Hudson Yards 

New York, NY 10001 

Telephone Number: (212) 479-6000 

Email:         rbriggs@cooley.com 

                    
croupas@cooley.com 

                    
ssellers@cooley.com 
 Attention:   Rupa Briggs 

                    
Christina T. Roupas 

                    Sarah
Sellers 
 If to the Investor: 

B. Riley Principal Capital II, LLC 

11100 Santa Monica Blvd., Suite 800 

Los Angeles, CA 90025 

Telephone Number: [***] 

Email: [***] 

Attention: General Counsel 

With a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to: 

Duane Morris LLP 

1540 Broadway 

New York, New York 10036 

Telephone Number: [***] 

Email: [***] 

Attention: Dean M. Colucci 

Either party hereto may from time to time change its address for notices by giving at least five (5) days’ advance written notice of such changed
address to the other party hereto. 
 Section 10.5. Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be
waived by the parties from and after the date that is one (1) Trading Day immediately preceding the date on which the Initial Registration Statement is initially filed with the Commission. Subject to the immediately preceding sentence, no
provision of this Agreement may be waived other than in a written instrument signed by the party against whom enforcement of such waiver is sought. No failure or delay in the exercise of any power, right or privilege hereunder shall operate as a
waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such power, right or privilege preclude other or further exercises thereof or of any other right, power or privilege. 

Section 10.6. Amendments. No provision of this Agreement may be amended by the parties from and after
the date that is one (1) Trading Day immediately preceding the date on which the Initial Registration Statement is initially filed with the Commission. Subject to the immediately preceding sentence, no provision of this Agreement may be amended
other than by a written instrument signed by both parties hereto. 

  
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 Section 10.7. Headings. The article, section and
subsection headings in this Agreement are for convenience only and shall not constitute a part of this Agreement for any other purpose and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof. Unless the context clearly indicates
otherwise, each pronoun herein shall be deemed to include the masculine, feminine, neuter, singular and plural forms thereof. The terms “including,” “includes,” “include” and words of like import shall be construed
broadly as if followed by the words “without limitation.” The terms “herein,” “hereunder,” “hereof” and words of like import refer to this entire Agreement instead of just the provision in which they are
found. 
 Section 10.8. Construction. The parties agree that each of them and their respective
counsel has reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction Documents and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall not be employed in the
interpretation of the Transaction Documents. In addition, each and every reference to share prices (including the Threshold Price) and number of shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall, in all cases, be subject to adjustment for any
stock splits, stock combinations, stock dividends, recapitalizations, reorganizations and other similar transactions that occur on or after the date of this Agreement. Any reference in this Agreement to “Dollars” or “$” shall
mean the lawful currency of the United States of America. Any references to “Section” or “Article” in this Agreement shall, unless otherwise expressly stated herein, refer to the applicable Section or Article of this Agreement.

 Section 10.9. Binding Effect. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of
the parties hereto and their respective successors. Neither the Company nor the Investor may assign this Agreement or any of their respective rights or obligations hereunder to any Person. 

Section 10.10. No Third Party Beneficiaries. Except as expressly provided in Article IX, this
Agreement is intended only for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors, and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person. 

Section 10.11. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the
internal procedural and substantive laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any laws or rules of such state that would cause the application of the laws of any other jurisdiction. 

Section 10.12. Survival. The representations, warranties, covenants and agreements of the Company and
the Investor contained in this Agreement shall survive the execution and delivery hereof until the termination of this Agreement; provided, however, that (i) the provisions of Article V (Representations, Warranties and Covenants
of the Company), Article VIII (Termination), Article IX (Indemnification) and this Article X (Miscellaneous) shall remain in full force and effect indefinitely notwithstanding such termination, and, (ii) so long as the Investor owns any
Securities, the covenants and agreements of the Company and the Investor contained in Article VI (Additional Covenants), shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination for a period of six (6) months following such
termination. 
 Section 10.13. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more identical
counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party; 

  
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provided that a facsimile signature or signature delivered by e-mail in a “.pdf” format data file, including any electronic signature
complying with the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, e.g., www.docusign.com, www.echosign.adobe.com, etc., shall be considered due execution and shall be binding upon the signatory thereto with the same force and effect as if the signature were an
original signature. 
 Section 10.14. Publicity. The Company shall afford the Investor and its
counsel with a reasonable opportunity to review and comment upon, shall consult with the Investor and its counsel on the form and substance of, and shall give due consideration to all such comments from the Investor or its counsel on, any press
release, Commission filing or any other public disclosure made by or on behalf of the Company relating to the Investor, its purchases hereunder or any aspect of the Transaction Documents or the transactions contemplated thereby, prior to the
issuance, filing or public disclosure thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company shall not be required to submit for review any such disclosure (i) contained in periodic reports filed with the Commission under the Exchange Act if it shall
have previously provided the same disclosure to the Investor or its counsel for review in connection with a previous filing or (ii) any Prospectus Supplement if it contains disclosure that does not reference the Investor, its purchases
hereunder or any aspect of the Transaction Documents or the transactions contemplated thereby. 
 Section 10.15.
Severability. The provisions of this Agreement are severable and, in the event that any court of competent jurisdiction shall determine that any one or more of the provisions or part of the provisions contained in this Agreement shall,
for any reason, be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision or part of a provision of this Agreement, and this Agreement shall be reformed and
construed as if such invalid or illegal or unenforceable provision, or part of such provision, had never been contained herein, so that such provisions would be valid, legal and enforceable to the maximum extent possible. 

Section 10.16. Further Assurances. From and after the Closing Date, upon the request of the Investor
or the Company, each of the Company and the Investor shall execute and deliver such instrument, documents and other writings as may be reasonably necessary or desirable to confirm and carry out and to effectuate fully the intent and purposes of this
Agreement. 
 [Signature Pages Follow] 

  
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 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed
by their respective authorized officer as of the date first above written. 
  

			
	THE COMPANY:
	
	RIGETTI COMPUTING, INC.:
		
	By:	 	 /s/ Brian Sereda

	Name: Brian Sereda
	Title: Chief Financial Officer
	
	THE INVESTOR:
	
	B. RILEY PRINCIPAL CAPITAL II, LLC:
		
	By:	 	 /s/ Patrice McNicoll

	Name: Patrice McNicoll
	Title: Co-Head Investment Banking


 SIGNATURE PAGE TO COMMON
STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT 












 ANNEX I TO THE 

COMMON STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT 

DEFINITIONS 

“Accountant” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.6(d). 

“Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled
by, or is under common control with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 144. 
 “Aggregate
Limit” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.1. 
 “Agreement” shall have the
meaning assigned to such term in the preamble of this Agreement. 
 “Anti-Corruption Laws” means any applicable Laws
relating to anti-bribery or anti-corruption (governmental or commercial), including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended (the “FCPA”), the U.S. Travel Act, 18 U.S.C. § 1952, and the U.K. Bribery Act
2010, when applicable. 
 “Average Price” means a price per Share (rounded to the nearest tenth of a cent) equal to
the quotient obtained by dividing (i) the aggregate gross purchase price paid by the Investor for all Shares purchased pursuant to this Agreement, by (ii) the aggregate number of Shares issued pursuant to this Agreement. 

“Bankruptcy Law” means Title 11, U.S. Code, or any similar U.S. federal or state law for the relief of debtors. 

“Base Price” means a price per Share equal to the sum of (i) the Minimum Price and (ii) $4.45 (subject to
adjustment for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction that occurs on or after the date of this Agreement). 

“Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.5. 

“Bloomberg” means Bloomberg, L.P. 

“Bring Down Letter” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.15. 

“Broker-Dealer” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.13. 

“Bylaws” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.3. 

“Charter” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.3. 

“Closing” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.2. 

“Closing Date” means the date of this Agreement. 

  
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 “Closing Sale Price” means, for the Common Stock as of any date, the
last closing trade price for the Common Stock on the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, on such Eligible Market), as reported by Bloomberg, or, if the Trading Market (or such Eligible Market, as applicable)
begins to operate on an extended hours basis and does not designate the closing trade price for the Common Stock, then the last trade price for the Common Stock prior to 3:59 p.m., New York City time, as reported by Bloomberg. All such
determinations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar transactions during such period. 

“Code” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.24. 

“Commencement” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1. 

“Commencement Date” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1. 

“Commencement Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 10.1(iv). 
 “Commission” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission or any successor entity.

 “Commission Documents” shall mean (1) all reports, schedules, registrations, forms, statements, information
and other documents filed with or furnished to the Commission by the Company pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, since March 1, 2022, including, without limitation, (A) the Company’s current report
on Form 8-K, dated March 1, 2022 and filed with the Commission on March 7, 2022, including all documents, financial statements and other information attached thereto or incorporated by reference
therein as exhibits thereto (the “Merger Form 8-K”) and (B), the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on
May 16, 2022, and which hereafter shall be filed with or furnished to the Commission by the Company, including, without limitation, the Current Report, (2) each Registration Statement, as the same may be amended from time to time, the
Prospectus contained therein and each Prospectus Supplement thereto and (3) all information contained in such filings and all documents and disclosures that have been and heretofore shall be incorporated by reference therein. 

“Commitment Shares” means 171,008 shares of duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock which, concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement on the Closing Date, the Company has caused its transfer agent to issue and deliver to the Investor not
later than 3:59 p.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately following the Closing Date pursuant to Section 10.1(ii). 

“Common Stock” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals of this Agreement. 

“Common Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or its Subsidiaries which entitle the holder thereof to
acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, rights, options, warrants or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder
thereof to receive, Common Stock. 

  
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 “Company” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the
preamble of this Agreement. 
 “Compliance Certificate” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 7.2(ii). 
 “Confidential Data” means all data for which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is
required by Law, Contract or privacy policy to keep confidential or private, including all such data transmitted to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries by customers of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Persons that interact with the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries. 
 “Contracts” means any legally binding contracts, agreements, subcontracts,
leases, and purchase orders. 
 “Cover Price” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.3. 

“COVID-19” means SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19, and any evolutions thereof or any other related or associated epidemics, pandemics or disease outbreaks. 

“Current Report” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.3. 

“Custodian” shall mean any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law. 

“Damages” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.1. 

“Data Treatment” means the analysis, receipt, collection, compilation, use, storage, processing, sharing,
safeguarding, security (both technical and physical), disposal, destruction, disclosure or transfer (including cross-border) of Personal Information. 

“Disclosure Schedule” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble to Article V. 

“Disqualification Event” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.40. 

“Document Preparation Fee” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 10.1(i). 

“DTC” means The Depository Trust Company, a subsidiary of The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation, or any
successor thereto. 
 “DWAC” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.33. 

“DWAC Shares” means shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to this Agreement that are (i) issued in electronic
form, (ii) freely tradable and transferable and without restriction on resale and without stop transfer instructions maintained against the transfer thereof and (iii) timely credited by the Company’s transfer agent to the
Investor’s (or its designee’s) specified DWAC account with DTC under its Fast Automated Securities Transfer (FAST) Program, or any similar program hereafter adopted by DTC performing substantially the same function. 

  
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 “EDGAR” means the Commission’s Electronic Data Gathering,
Analysis and Retrieval System. 
 “Effective Date” means, with respect to the Initial Registration Statement filed
pursuant to Section 2(a) of the Registration Rights Agreement (or any post-effective amendment thereto) or any New Registration Statement filed pursuant to Section 2(c) of the Registration Rights Agreement (or any post-effective amendment
thereto), as applicable, the date on which the Initial Registration Statement (or any post-effective amendment thereto) or any New Registration Statement (or any post-effective amendment thereto) is declared effective by the Commission. 

“Effectiveness Deadline” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 

“Eligible Market” means the New York Stock Exchange, The Nasdaq Global Market, The Nasdaq Capital Market, or the NYSE
American (or any nationally recognized successor to any of the foregoing). 
 “Environmental Laws” means any and all
applicable Laws relating to pollution, protection of the environment (including natural resources) and human health and safety, or the use, treatment, storage, emission, disposal or release of or exposure to Hazardous Materials. 

“Environmental Permits” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.18. 

“ERISA” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.24. 

“Evaluation Date” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.6(c). 

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission
thereunder. 
 “Exchange Cap” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.4(a). 

“Exempt Issuance” means the issuance of (a) Common Stock, options or other equity incentive awards to employees,
officers, directors or vendors of the Company pursuant to any equity incentive plan duly adopted for such purpose, by the Company’s Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of the Board of Directors established for such
purpose, (b) (1) any Securities issued to the Investor (or its designee) pursuant to the Transaction Documents, (2) any securities issued upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock
Equivalents held by the Investor at any time, or (3) any securities issued upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Common Stock Equivalents issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided that such securities
referred to in this clause (3) have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities, (c) securities issued
pursuant to acquisitions, divestitures, licenses, partnerships, collaborations or strategic transactions approved by the Company’s Board of Directors or a 

  
 I-4 













 
majority of the members of a committee of directors established for such purpose, which acquisitions, divestitures, licenses, partnerships, collaborations or strategic transactions can have a
Variable Rate Transaction component, provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or to the equity holders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an asset in a business synergistic with the
business of the Company and shall provide to the Company additional benefits in addition to the investment of funds, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an
entity whose primary business is investing in securities, (d) shares of Common Stock issued by the Company to the Investor (or its designee) in connection with any “equity line of credit” or other continuous offering or similar
offering of Common Stock (other than the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents) pursuant to one or more written agreements between the Company and the Investor or an Affiliate of the Investor executed after the date of this
Agreement (if any), whereby the Company may sell shares of Common Stock to the Investor or an Affiliate of the Investor at a future determined price, or (e) shares of Common Stock issued by the Company in any “at the market offering”
or “equity distribution program” or similar offering of Common Stock exclusively to or through B. Riley Securities, Inc. pursuant to one or more written agreements between the Company and B. Riley Securities, Inc. 

“Filing Deadline” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 

“FINRA” means the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. 

“Fundamental Transaction” means that (i) the Company shall, directly or indirectly, in one or more related
transactions, (1) consolidate or merge with or into (whether or not the Company is the surviving corporation) another Person, with the result that the holders of the Company’s capital stock immediately prior to such consolidation or merger
together beneficially own less than 50% of the outstanding voting power of the surviving or resulting corporation, or (2) sell, lease, license, assign, transfer, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the properties or
assets of the Company to another Person, or (3) take action to facilitate a purchase, tender or exchange offer by another Person that is accepted by the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (excluding any shares of
Common Stock held by the Person or Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the Persons making or party to, such purchase, tender or exchange offer), or (4) consummate a stock or share purchase agreement or other business
combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another Person whereby such other Person acquires more than 50% of the outstanding shares
of Common Stock (not including any shares of Common Stock held by the other Person or other Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such stock or share purchase agreement or other business
combination), or (5) reorganize, recapitalize or reclassify its Common Stock, or (ii) any “person” or “group” (as these terms are used for purposes of Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) is or shall become the
“beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of 50% of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by issued and outstanding Common Stock. 

“GAAP” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.6(b). 

  
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 “Government Bid” means a bid issued by a contractor that, if
accepted or awarded, would result in a Government Contract. 
 “Government Contract” means any Contract, as amended
by binding modifications or change orders, between the Company and (i) a Governmental Authority, (ii) any prime contractor of a Governmental Authority or (iii) any subcontractor with respect to any contract of a type described in
clauses (i) or (ii) above. A task, purchase or delivery order under a Government Contract will not constitute a separate Government Contract, for purposes of this definition, but will be part of the Government Contract to which it relates. 

“Governmental Authority” means any federal, state, provincial, municipal, local or foreign government, governmental
authority, regulatory or administrative agency, governmental commission, department, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality, court, arbitral body (public or private) or tribunal. 

“Governmental Order” means any order, judgment, injunction, decree, writ, stipulation, determination, directive,
mandate, consent, approval or award, in each case, entered by or with any Governmental Authority. 
 “Hazardous
Material” means any material, substance or waste that is listed, regulated, or defined as “hazardous,” “toxic,” or “radioactive,” or as a “pollutant” or “contaminant” (or words of
similar intent or meaning) under applicable Environmental Laws, including but not limited to petroleum, petroleum by-products or derivatives, asbestos or asbestos-containing material, polychlorinated
biphenyls, flammable or explosive substances, mold, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances or pesticides. 

“Indebtedness” means, with respect to any Person as of any time, without duplication, (a) any liabilities for
borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $100,000 (other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (b) all guaranties, endorsements, indemnities and other contingent obligations in respect of Indebtedness of others
in excess of $100,000, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the
ordinary course of business; and (c) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $100,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein,
“Indebtedness” of any Person shall not include any item that would otherwise constitute “Indebtedness” of such Person that is an obligation between such Person and any wholly owned Subsidiary of such Person or between any two or
more wholly owned Subsidiaries of such Person. 
 “Initial Registration Statement” shall have the meaning assigned
to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 
 “Intellectual Property” shall have the meaning assigned to
such term in Section 5.17. 
 “International Trade Laws” means all applicable export control, economic
sanctions, import, and customs laws, regulations, rules and licenses of the United States and other governments, including but not limited to, the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (“ITAR”) administered by the U.S.
Department of State, the Export Administration Regulations (“EAR”) 

  
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administered by the U.S. Department of Commerce, the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (“IEEPA”) and the Trading with the Enemy Act
(“TWEA”), the sanctions, embargoes and restrictions administered by the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”), the Foreign Trade Regulations administered by
the U.S. Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Census, the anti-boycott regulations administered by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the U.S. Department of the Treasury, and the customs and import laws administered by the U.S. Department of
Homeland Security’s Customs and Border Protection (“CBP”). 
 “Intraday VWAP Purchase”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.2. 
 “Intraday VWAP Purchase Commencement Time”
means, with respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, the time that is the latest of: (i) the VWAP Purchase Ending Time of the VWAP Purchase Period for the VWAP Purchase preceding the Intraday VWAP Purchase
Period for such Intraday VWAP Purchase occurring on the same Purchase Date as such earlier VWAP Purchase, if the Company has timely delivered a VWAP Purchase Notice to the Investor for a VWAP Purchase on such Purchase Date, (ii) the Intraday
VWAP Purchase Ending Time of the Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for the most recent prior Intraday VWAP Purchase, if any, occurring on the same Purchase Date as such Intraday VWAP Purchase, and (iii) the Investor’s timely receipt
(acknowledged by email correspondence to each of the individual notice recipients of the Company set forth in the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice, other than via auto-reply) from the Company of the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice
for such Intraday VWAP Purchase on the applicable Purchase Date therefor. 
 “Intraday VWAP Purchase Ending Time”
means, with respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, the time on the Purchase Date for such Intraday VWAP Purchase that is the earlier of: (i) 3:59 p.m., New York City time, on the applicable Purchase Date for
such Intraday VWAP Purchase, or such earlier time publicly announced by the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, by such Eligible Market) as the official close of the primary (or “regular”) trading
session on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) on such Purchase Date; and (ii) immediately at such time following the Intraday VWAP Purchase Commencement Time of the Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for such Intraday
VWAP Purchase that the total number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such Intraday VWAP Purchase Period has exceeded the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Share
Volume Maximum for such Intraday VWAP Purchase; provided, however, that the calculation of the total number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such
Intraday VWAP Purchase Period shall exclude from such calculation all shares of Common Stock traded in any of the following transactions, to the extent they occur during such Intraday VWAP Purchase Period (as applicable): (A) the opening or first
purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date, (B) the last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to
the official close of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date (as applicable), and (C) all sales of Common Stock on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market,
as applicable) during such Intraday VWAP Purchase Period at a Sale Price that is less than the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Minimum Price Threshold. All such calculations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split,
stock combination, recapitalization or other similar transaction. 

  
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 “Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount” means, with respect to an
Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, such number of shares of Common Stock equal to the lesser of: (i) 1,000,000 and (ii) the product of (a) the Purchase Share Percentage, multiplied by (b) the total number (or
volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during the Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for such Intraday VWAP Purchase; provided, however, that the calculation of the total
number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such Intraday VWAP Purchase Period shall exclude from such calculation all shares of Common Stock traded in any of the
following transactions, to the extent they occur during such Intraday VWAP Purchase Period (as applicable): (A) the opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of such primary (or “regular”) trading session
that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date, (B) the last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official close of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated
system on such Purchase Date (as applicable), and (C) all sales of Common Stock on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such Intraday VWAP Purchase Period at a Sale Price that is less than the applicable
Intraday VWAP Purchase Minimum Price Threshold. All such calculations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination, recapitalization or other similar transaction. 

“Intraday VWAP Purchase Minimum Price Threshold” means, with respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to
Section 3.2, the dollar amount specified by the Company in the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice for such Intraday VWAP Purchase as the per share minimum Sale Price threshold to be used in determining the sales of Common Stock during the
applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Period that shall be excluded from the calculation of the total number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such Intraday VWAP
Purchase Period; provided, however, that if the Company has not specified any such dollar amount as the per share minimum Sale Price threshold in the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice for such Intraday VWAP Purchase, then the
per share minimum Sale Price threshold to be used in such Intraday VWAP Purchase shall be such dollar amount equal to the product of (a) the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding the Purchase Date for
such Intraday VWAP Purchase, multiplied by (b) 0.90. All such calculations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination, recapitalization or other similar transaction. 

“Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice” means, with respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, an
irrevocable written notice from the Company to the Investor directing the Investor to purchase a specified Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount (such specified Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount subject to adjustment as set forth in Section 3.2
as necessary to give effect to the Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount), at the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Price therefor on the Purchase Date for such Intraday VWAP Purchase in accordance with this Agreement, that is delivered by the
Company to the Investor and received by the Investor (i) after the latest of (X) 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on such Purchase Date, if the Company has not timely delivered a VWAP Purchase Notice to the Investor for a VWAP Purchase on
such Purchase Date, (Y) the VWAP Purchase Ending Time of the VWAP Purchase 

  
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Period for the VWAP Purchase preceding the Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for such Intraday VWAP Purchase occurring on the same Purchase Date as such earlier VWAP Purchase, if the Company has
timely delivered a VWAP Purchase Notice to the Investor for a VWAP Purchase on such Purchase Date, and (Z) the Intraday VWAP Purchase Ending Time of the Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for the most recent prior Intraday VWAP Purchase, if any,
occurring on the same Purchase Date as such Intraday VWAP Purchase, and (ii) prior to the earlier of (X) 3:30 p.m., New York City time, on such Purchase Date and (Y) such time that is exactly one (1) hour immediately prior to
the official close of the primary (or “regular”) trading session on the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, on such Eligible Market) on such Purchase Date, if the Trading Market (or such Eligible
Market, as applicable) has theretofore publicly announced that the official close of the primary (or “regular”) trading session on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) on such Purchase Date shall be earlier than
4:00 p.m., New York City time, on such Purchase Date. 
 “Intraday VWAP Purchase Period” means, with respect to an
Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, the period on the Purchase Date for such Intraday VWAP Purchase, beginning at the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Commencement Time and ending at the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase
Ending Time on such Purchase Date for such Intraday VWAP Purchase. 
 “Intraday VWAP Purchase Price” means, with
respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, the purchase price per Share to be purchased by the Investor in such Intraday VWAP Purchase, equal to the product of (i) 0.97, multiplied by (ii) the VWAP of the Common
Stock for the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Period on the applicable Purchase Date for such Intraday VWAP Purchase; provided, however, that the calculation of the VWAP for the Common Stock for the Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for
an Intraday VWAP Purchase shall exclude each of the following transactions, to the extent they occur during such Intraday VWAP Purchase Period (as applicable): (A) the opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of
such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date, (B) the last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official close of such primary (or “regular”)
trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date (as applicable), and (C) all sales of Common Stock on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such Intraday VWAP Purchase Period at
a Sale Price that is less than the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Minimum Price Threshold for such Intraday VWAP Purchase. All such calculations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination,
recapitalization or other similar transaction. 
 “Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount” means, with respect to an
Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, the total number of Shares to be purchased by the Investor in such Intraday VWAP Purchase as specified by the Company in the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice for such Intraday VWAP
Purchase, which total number of Shares shall not exceed the Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount applicable to such Intraday VWAP Purchase (and such number of Shares specified by the Company in the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice for such
Intraday VWAP Purchase shall be subject to automatic adjustment in accordance with Section 3.2 hereof as necessary to give effect to the Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount limitation applicable to such Intraday VWAP Purchase as set forth in
this Agreement). 

  
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 “Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Volume Maximum” means, with respect to
an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (i) the Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount to be purchased by the Investor in such Intraday VWAP
Purchase, by (ii) the Purchase Share Percentage (to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction).

 “Investment Period” means the period commencing on the Commencement Date and expiring on the date this Agreement
is subsequently terminated pursuant to Article VIII. 
 “Investor” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
the preamble of this Agreement. 
 “Investor Party” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 9.1. 
 “Issuer Covered Person” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.40. 

“IT Systems” means the Software, systems, servers, computers, hardware, firmware, middleware, networks, data
communications lines, routers, hubs, switches and all other information technology and telecommunications assets, systems, and equipment, and all associated documentation, in each case, owned, used, held for use, leased, outsourced or licensed by or
for the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for use in the conduct of their respective businesses as currently conducted. 

“Knowledge” means the actual knowledge of any of (i) the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chairman,
(ii) the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, (iii) the Company’s Chief Technology Officer, (iv) the Company’s Chief Revenue Officer, and (v) General Counsel, in each case after reasonable inquiry of all officers,
directors and employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries under such Person’s direct supervision who would reasonably be expected to have knowledge or information with respect to the matter in question. 

“Law” means any statute, law (including common law), code, treaty, ordinance, rule, regulation or Governmental Order,
in each case, of any Governmental Authority. 
 “Leased Real Property” means all real property leased, subleased,
licensed or otherwise occupied by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. 
 “Material Adverse Effect” means
(i) any condition, occurrence, state of facts or event having, or insofar as reasonably can be foreseen would likely have, any effect on the business, operations, properties or financial condition of the Company that is material and adverse to
the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, excluding any facts, circumstances, changes or effects, individually or in the aggregate, exclusively and directly resulting from, relating to or arising out of any of the following:
(a) changes in conditions in the U.S. or global capital, credit or financial markets generally, including changes in the availability of capital or currency exchange rates, provided such changes shall not have affected the Company in a
materially disproportionate manner as compared to other similarly situated companies, (b) changes generally affecting the industries in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate, provided such changes shall not have affected the Company
and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, in a materially disproportionate manner as compared to other similarly situated companies, (c) any effect of the 

  
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announcement of, or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by, this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement on the Company’s relationships, contractual or otherwise, with
customers, suppliers, vendors, bank lenders, strategic venture partners or employees, (d) changes arising in connection with earthquakes, hostilities, acts of war, sabotage or terrorism or military actions or any escalation or material
worsening of any such hostilities, acts of war, sabotage or terrorism or military actions existing as of the date hereof, (e) any action taken by the Investor, any of its officers, its sole member or the Investor’s Broker-Dealer, or any of
such Person’s successors with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement, and (f) the effect of any changes in applicable laws or accounting rules, provided such changes shall not have
affected the Company in a materially disproportionate manner as compared to other similarly situated companies; (ii) any condition, occurrence, state of facts or event having, or insofar as reasonably can be foreseen would likely have, any
material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the transactions contemplated thereby; or (iii) any condition, occurrence, state of facts or event that would, or insofar as reasonably
can be foreseen would likely, prohibit or otherwise materially interfere with or delay the ability of the Company to perform any of its obligations under any of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party. 

“Material Subsidiary” means each subsidiary of the Company that is a significant subsidiary as defined in Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act. 

“Material Permits” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.17. 

“Minimum Price” means $4.41, representing the average Nasdaq official closing price of the Common Stock on the Trading
Market (as reflected on Nasdaq.com) for the five (5) consecutive Trading Days ending on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of this Agreement (subject to adjustment for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction that occurs on or after the date of this Agreement). 

“New Registration Statement” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 

“Notice of Effectiveness” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 10.1(iv). 

“PEA Period” means the period commencing at 9:30 a.m., New York City time, on the fifth (5th) Trading Day immediately prior to the filing of (i) any post-effective amendment to the Initial Registration Statement or any New Registration Statement or (ii) any New Registration
Statement, as applicable, and ending at 9:30 a.m., New York City time, on the Trading Day immediately following, the Effective Date of such post-effective amendment or New Registration Statement, as applicable. 

“Permits” means all permits, franchises, exemptions, allocations, filings, waivers, licenses, certificates of
authority, authorizations, approvals, registrations and other similar consents issued by or obtained from a Governmental Authority. 

  
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 “Person” means any person or entity, whether a natural person,
trustee, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, trust, unincorporated organization, business association, firm, joint venture or Governmental Authority. 

“Personal Information” means any personal information that specifically identifies, is reasonably capable of being
associated with, or could reasonably be linked, directly or indirectly, any particular individual or household. 
 “Privacy and
Security Requirements” means, to the extent applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries: (a) any Laws relating to privacy and data security, including laws regulating the Processing of Protected Data; (b) the Payment
Card Industry Data Security Standard issued by the PCI Security Standards Council, as it may be amended from time to time (“PCI DSS”); (c) all Contracts between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any
Person, on the other hand, that is applicable to the PCI DSS, privacy, data security and/or the Processing of Protected Data; and (d) all policies and procedures applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries relating to the PCI DSS,
privacy, data security and/or the Processing of Protected Data. 
 “Processing” means the creation, collection, use
(including, without limitation, for the purposes of sending telephone calls, text messages and emails), storage, maintenance, processing, recording, distribution, transfer, transmission, receipt, import, export, protection, safeguarding, access,
disposal or disclosure or other activity regarding data (whether electronically or in any other form or medium). 

“Prospectus” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 

“Prospectus Supplement” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 

“Protected Data” means Personal Information and Confidential Data. 

“Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 7.3. 

“Purchase Date” means, (i) with respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1, the Trading Day on
which the Investor timely receives, (A) after 6:00 a.m., New York City time, and (B) prior to 9:00 a.m., New York City time, on such Trading Day, a valid VWAP Purchase Notice for such VWAP Purchase in accordance with this Agreement, and
(ii) with respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, the Trading Day on which the Investor timely receives a valid Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice for such Intraday VWAP Purchase in accordance with this Agreement,
(A) after the latest of (X) 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on such Trading Day, if the Company has not timely delivered a valid VWAP Purchase Notice to the Investor for a VWAP Purchase on such Trading Day, (Y) the VWAP Purchase
Ending Time of the VWAP Purchase Period for the VWAP Purchase preceding the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for such Intraday VWAP Purchase occurring on the same Trading Day as such earlier VWAP Purchase, if the Company has timely delivered
a valid VWAP Purchase Notice to the Investor for a VWAP Purchase on such Trading Day, and (Z) the Intraday 

  
 I-12 













 
VWAP Purchase Ending Time of the Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for the most recent prior Intraday VWAP Purchase, if any, occurring on the same Trading Day as such Intraday VWAP Purchase, and
(B) prior to the earlier of (X) 3:30 p.m., New York City time, on such Trading Day for such Intraday VWAP Purchase and (Y) such time that is exactly one (1) hour immediately prior to the official close of the primary (or
“regular”) trading session on the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, on such Eligible Market) on such Trading Day, if the Trading Market (or such Eligible Market, as applicable) has publicly
announced that the official close of the primary (or “regular”) trading session shall be earlier than 4:00 p.m., New York City time, on such Trading Day. 

“Purchase Share Delivery Date” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.3. 

“Purchase Share Percentage” means, with respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1 and with respect
to an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, twenty percent (20.0%). 
 “Purchase Volume Reference
Amount” means, with respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1 and with respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, one million (1,000,000) shares of Common Stock. 

“Registrable Securities” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 

“Registration Period” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 

“Registration Rights Agreement” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals hereof. 

“Registration Statement” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 

“Regulation D” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals of this Agreement. 

“Restricted Party” means the following: (i) any Person on the OFAC list of Specially Designated Nationals and
Blocked Persons, List of Foreign Sanctions Evaders, or Sectoral Sanctions Identifications List; (ii) any Person on the Denied Persons List, Unverified List, or the Entity List maintained by the Bureau of Industry and Security of the U.S.
Department of Commerce; (iii) any Person on the Debarred List and non-proliferation sanctions lists maintained by the U.S. State Department; (iv) any Person that is, in the aggregate, fifty percent
(50%) or greater owned, directly or indirectly, or otherwise controlled by a Person or Persons described in clause (i), (ii) or (iii) so as to subject the Person to sanctions; (v) any Person that is organized, ordinarily resident, or
located in a Sanctioned Country; or (vi) any Person on any other list maintained by any relevant Governmental Authority restricting the export of any item to specific individuals, companies or other entities. 

  
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 “Restricted Period” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 6.9(i). 
 “Restricted Person” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.9(i).

 “Restricted Persons” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.9(i). 

“Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended
from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same effect. 

“Sale Price” means any trade price for a share of Common Stock on the Trading Market, or if the Common Stock is then
traded on an Eligible Market, on such Eligible Market, as reported by Bloomberg. 
 “Sanctioned Country” means any
country or region that is the subject or target of a comprehensive embargo administered by the United States (currently, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Syria and the Crimea region). 

“Sarbanes-Oxley Act” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.6(d). 

“Section 4(a)(2)” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals of
this Agreement. 
 “Securities” means, collectively, the Shares and the Commitment Shares. 

“Securities Act” shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission
thereunder. 
 “Shares” shall mean the shares of Common Stock that may be purchased by the Investor under this
Agreement pursuant to one or more VWAP Purchase Notices or one or more Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices, but not including the Commitment Shares. 

“Short Sales” shall mean “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 promulgated under Regulation SHO under the
Exchange Act. 
 “Software” means any and all computer software programs and software systems, including all
computer software and code (including source code, executable code, and object code), databases and compilations (including any and all data and collections of data, whether machine readable or otherwise), compilers and decompilers, development
tools, menus, higher level or “proprietary” languages, templates, macros, user interfaces, report formats, firmware, data files, whether in source code, object code or human readable form, and all documentation and materials (including
user manuals, other specifications, training documentation, descriptions, flow-charts and other work product used to design, plan, organize and develop any of the foregoing) and know-how relating to any of the
foregoing. 
 “Subsidiary” shall mean any corporation or other entity of which at least a majority of the securities
or other ownership interest having ordinary voting power for the election of directors or other persons performing similar functions are at the time owned directly or indirectly by the Company and/or any of its other Subsidiaries. 

  
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 “Threshold Price” means $1.00. 

“Total Commitment” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.1. 

“Trading Day” shall mean any day on which the Trading Market or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible
Market, such Eligible Market is open for “regular” trading, including any day on which the Trading Market (or such Eligible Market, as applicable) is open for “regular” trading for a period of time less than the customary
“regular” trading period. 
 “Trading Market” means The Nasdaq Capital Market (or any nationally
recognized successor thereto). 
 “Transaction Documents” means, collectively, this Agreement (as qualified by the
Disclosure Schedule) and the exhibits hereto, the Registration Rights Agreement, and the exhibits thereto, and each of the other agreements, documents, certificates and instruments entered into or furnished by the parties hereto in connection with
the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. 
 “Variable Rate Transaction” means a transaction in which the
Company (i) issues or sells any equity or debt securities that are convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or include the right to receive additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents either (A) at a conversion
price, exercise price, exchange rate or other price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for the Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such equity or debt securities, or (B) with a
conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial issuance of such equity or debt security or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events directly or indirectly related to the
business of the Company or the market for the Common Stock (including, without limitation, any “full ratchet” or “weighted average” anti-dilution provisions, but not including any standard anti-dilution protection for any
reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split or other similar transaction), (ii) issues or sells any equity or debt securities, including, without limitation, Common Stock or Common Stock
Equivalents, either (A) at a price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events directly or indirectly related to the
business of the Company or the market for the Common Stock (other than standard anti-dilution protection for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split or other similar transaction),
or (B) that are subject to or contain any put, call, redemption, buy-back, price-reset or other similar provision or mechanism (including, without limitation, a “Black-Scholes” put or call
right, other than in connection with a “fundamental transaction”) that provides for the issuance of additional equity securities of the Company or the payment of cash by the Company, or (iii) enters into any agreement, including, but
not limited to, an “equity line of credit” or “at the market offering” or other continuous offering or similar offering of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, whereby the Company may sell Common Stock or Common Stock
Equivalents at a future determined price. 

  
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 “VWAP” means, for the Common Stock for a specified period, the
dollar volume-weighted average price for the Common Stock on the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, on such Eligible Market), for such period, as reported by Bloomberg through its “AQR” function;
provided, however, that (i) the calculation of the dollar volume-weighted average price for the Common Stock for the VWAP Purchase Period for each VWAP Purchase shall exclude each of the following transactions, to the extent they
occur during such VWAP Purchase Period (as applicable): (A) the opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such
Purchase Date, (B) the last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official close of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date (as applicable), and
(C) all sales of Common Stock on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such VWAP Purchase Period at a Sale Price that is less than the applicable VWAP Purchase Minimum Price Threshold for such VWAP Purchase; and
(ii) the calculation of the dollar volume-weighted average price for the Common Stock for the Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for each Intraday VWAP Purchase shall exclude each of the following transactions, to the extent they occur during such
Intraday VWAP Purchase Period (as applicable): (A) the opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase
Date, (B) the last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official close of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date (as applicable), and (C) all
sales of Common Stock on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such Intraday VWAP Purchase Period at a Sale Price that is less than the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Minimum Price Threshold for such Intraday VWAP
Purchase. All such calculations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination, recapitalization or other similar transaction. 

“VWAP Purchase” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1. 

“VWAP Purchase Commencement Time” means, with respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1, 9:30:01
a.m., New York City time, on the Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase, or such later time on such Purchase Date publicly announced by the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, by such Eligible Market) as the
official open of the primary (or “regular”) trading session on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) on such Purchase Date. 

“VWAP Purchase Ending Time” means, with respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1, the time on the
Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase that is the earliest of: (i) 3:59 p.m., New York City time, on the applicable Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase, or such earlier time publicly announced by the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is
then listed on an Eligible Market, by such Eligible Market) as the official close of the primary (or “regular”) trading session on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) on such Purchase Date; (ii) immediately
at such time following the VWAP Purchase Commencement Time of the VWAP Purchase Period for such VWAP Purchase that the total number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during
such VWAP Purchase Period has exceeded the applicable VWAP Purchase Share Volume Maximum for such VWAP Purchase; provided, however, that the calculation of the 

  
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total number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such VWAP Purchase Period shall exclude from such calculation
all shares of Common Stock traded in any of the following transactions, to the extent they occur during such VWAP Purchase Period (as applicable): (A) the opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of such primary
(or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date, (B) the last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official close of such primary (or “regular”) trading session
that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date (as applicable), and (C) all sales of Common Stock on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such VWAP Purchase Period at a Sale Price that is less
than the applicable VWAP Purchase Minimum Price Threshold. All such calculations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination, recapitalization or other similar transaction. 

“VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount” means, with respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1, such number
of shares of Common Stock equal to the lesser of: (i) 1,000,000, and (ii) the product of (a) the Purchase Share Percentage, multiplied by (b) the total number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on
such Eligible Market, as applicable) during the VWAP Purchase Period for such VWAP Purchase; provided, however, that the calculation of the total number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on such
Eligible Market, as applicable) during such VWAP Purchase Period shall exclude from such calculation all shares of Common Stock traded in any of the following transactions, to the extent they occur during such VWAP Purchase Period (as applicable):
(A) the opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date, (B) the last or closing sale of
Common Stock at or prior to the official close of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date (as applicable), and (C) all sales of Common Stock on the Trading Market
(or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such VWAP Purchase Period at a Sale Price that is less than the applicable VWAP Purchase Minimum Price Threshold. All such calculations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock
split, stock combination, recapitalization or other similar transaction. 
 “VWAP Purchase Minimum Price Threshold”
means, with respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1, the dollar amount specified by the Company in the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice for such VWAP Purchase as the per share minimum Sale Price threshold to be used in
determining the sales of Common Stock during the applicable VWAP Purchase Period that shall be excluded from the calculation of the total number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as
applicable) during such VWAP Purchase Period; provided, however, that if the Company has not specified any such dollar amount as the per share minimum Sale Price threshold in the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice for such VWAP Purchase,
then the per share minimum Sale Price threshold to be used in such VWAP Purchase shall be such dollar amount equal to the product of (a) the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding the Purchase Date for
such VWAP Purchase, multiplied by (b) 0.90. All such calculations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination, recapitalization or other similar transaction. 

  
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 “VWAP Purchase Notice” means, with respect to a VWAP Purchase made
pursuant to Section 3.1, an irrevocable written notice delivered by the Company to the Investor, and received by the Investor, after 6:00 a.m., New York City time, and prior to 9:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Purchase Date for such VWAP
Purchase, directing the Investor to purchase a specified VWAP Purchase Share Amount (such specified VWAP Purchase Share Amount subject to adjustment as set forth in Section 3.1 as necessary to give effect to the VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount),
at the applicable VWAP Purchase Price therefor on such Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase in accordance with this Agreement. 

“VWAP Purchase Period” means, with respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1, the period on the
Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase, beginning at the applicable VWAP Purchase Commencement Time and ending at the applicable VWAP Purchase Ending Time on such Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase. 

“VWAP Purchase Price” means, with respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1, the purchase price per
Share to be purchased by the Investor in such VWAP Purchase, equal to the product of (i) 0.97, multiplied by (ii) the VWAP of the Common Stock for the applicable VWAP Purchase Period on the applicable Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase;
provided, however, that the calculation of the VWAP for the Common Stock for the VWAP Purchase Period for a VWAP Purchase shall exclude each of the following transactions, to the extent they occur during such VWAP Purchase Period (as
applicable): (A) the opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date, (B) the last or closing
sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official close of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date (as applicable), and (C) all sales of Common Stock on the Trading
Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such VWAP Purchase Period at a Sale Price that is less than the applicable VWAP Purchase Minimum Price Threshold for such VWAP Purchase. All such calculations shall be appropriately adjusted
for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination, recapitalization or other similar transaction. 
 “VWAP Purchase Share
Amount” means, with respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1, the total number of Shares to be purchased by the Investor in such VWAP Purchase as specified by the Company in the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice for
such VWAP Purchase, which total number of Shares shall not exceed the VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount applicable to such VWAP Purchase (and such number of Shares specified by the Company in the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice for such VWAP Purchase
shall be subject to automatic adjustment in accordance with Section 3.1 hereof as necessary to give effect to the VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount limitation applicable to such VWAP Purchase as set forth in this Agreement). 

“VWAP Purchase Share Volume Maximum” means, with respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1, a
number of shares of Common Stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (i) the VWAP Purchase Share Amount to be purchased by the Investor in such VWAP Purchase, by (ii) the Purchase Share Percentage (to be appropriately adjusted for
any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction). 

  
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 EXHIBIT A 

FORM OF REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT 

  
 A-1 













 EXHIBIT B 

CLOSING CERTIFICATE 

  
 B-1 













 EXHIBIT C 

COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE