# Patent

## Title
Systems and methods for creating a story board with forensic video analysis on a video repository

## Abstract

Systems and methods for creating a story board with forensic video analysis on a video repository are provided. Some methods can include storing a plurality of video data streams in a data repository, storing asynchronous streams of metadata of each of the plurality of video data streams in the data repository, identifying a first object captured by at least one of the plurality of video data streams, using the asynchronous streams of metadata to identify correlations or interactions between the first object and a plurality of other objects over time, and replicating a story of the first object.

## Background
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/417,328, filed May 20, 2019, entitled, “SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CREATING A STORY BOARD WITH FORENSIC VIDEO REPOSITORY”, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/463,208, filed Mar. 20, 2017, entitled, “SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CREATING A STORY BOARD WITH FORENSIC VIDEO REPOSITORY”, both of which are hereby incorporated by reference.


FIELD
The present invention relates generally to forensic video analysis. More particularly, the present invention relates to systems and methods for creating a story board with forensic video analysis on a video repository.
BACKGROUND
Forensic video analysis (FVA) is an investigative, post-event forensic science, and the International Association for Identification (IAI) has formally recognized FVA as a sub-specialty within the scientific discipline of forensic imaging. Specifically, FVA is the scientific examination, comparison, and evaluation of video in legal matters. That is, FVA is the application of image science and domain expertise to interpret the content of an image or the image itself in legal matters. Disciplines of FVA with law enforcement applications include photogrammetry, photographic comparison, content analysis, and image authentication. For example, a forensic analyst may want to identify information regarding the interaction of people and objects in an easy and accurate manner and may want a detailed incident management report with artifacts supporting the same for producing in a court of law. Similarly, a legal person may want to view sufficient and untampered artifacts to articulate an incident in detail, including the people and objects involved in the incident.
The Scientific Working Group on Imaging Technology (SWGIT) sets standards for FVA and identifies the following tasks for the process of FVA: technical preparation, examination, and interpretation. During the interpretation process, specific subject matter expertise is applied to draw conclusions about video recordings or the content of those recordings. For example, drawing a conclusion about a video recording can include authenticating the video recording. Drawing a conclusion about the content of a video recording can include comparing objects or determining that an object appears different in the video than the object appears under normal lighting conditions due to the properties of the recording process, such as an infrared (IR) negative image effect on natural fibers.
Any incident management report that the interpretation process generates must comply with the SWGIT standards, meet the requirements of an analyst's agency, address a requestor's needs, and provide all relevant information in a clear and concise manner. However, there are currently no known systems or methods to perform FVA on a video repository of raw video data, as per the SWGIT standards, for example, to back track a person or object to create a story board of various incidents involving that person or object or an associated person or object. Furthermore, there are currently no known systems or methods to perform an investigation on multiple associated persons, including tracking objects associated with such persons and interactions between such persons and objects, or to create a story board of such persons and objects. This is because known systems and methods to interpret video and to generate incident management reports are manual and align with video data, not metadata.
Notwithstanding the above, known video systems generate thousands of video data streams per day, and one or more of those video data streams may contain representations of people or objects relevant to suspicious activities. However, most such video data streams exist only as data until they are overridden or flushed, not translated into metadata that can be a valuable data node for future FVA.
In view of the above, there is a continuing, ongoing need for improved systems and methods.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system in accordance with disclosed embodiments;
FIG. 2A is a first portion of an exemplary incident management report that can be generated in accordance with disclosed embodiments;
FIG. 2B is a second portion of an exemplary incident management report that can generated in accordance with disclosed embodiments;
FIG. 3 is an exemplary storyboard that can be generated in accordance with disclosed embodiments; and
FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of a method in accordance with disclosed embodiments.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
While this invention is susceptible of an embodiment in many different forms, there are shown in the drawings and will be described herein in detail specific embodiments thereof with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the principles of the invention. It is not intended to limit the invention to the specific illustrated embodiments.
Embodiments disclosed herein can include systems and methods for creating a story board with FVA on a video repository. It is to be understood that systems and methods disclosed herein can execute FVA offline. That is, in some embodiments, the FVA as disclosed and described herein can be executed on a stream of metadata, for example, when an original video data stream is unavailable.
In accordance with disclosed embodiments, video data streams or video clips that are generated by video surveillance cameras and/or stored on video management servers or storage servers in video management systems can be encapsulated with a proprietary data structure, including a proprietary file header. Accordingly, systems and methods disclosed herein can decapsulate the proprietary file header from a video data stream and execute a rapid analysis over the video data of the video data stream to convert the video data into a stream of asynchronous metadata. Then, the metadata can be stored in an atomic state in a forensic metadata repository, and information can be autonomously extracted from the metadata and converted into an incident management report.
As explained above, the process of interpretation in FVA includes applying specific subject matter expertise to draw conclusions about video data streams or video clips or the content of those video data streams or video clips. Such conclusions can include identifying various correlations and interactions, for example, between persons and/or objects depicted in the video data streams or the video clips over time. In some embodiments, systems and methods disclosed herein can autonomously identify such correlations from stored metadata to replicate the story of an incident or the workflow of an event, to identify interactions at locations of interest or information about areas of interest, to identify the time and the state of conditions during incidents, or to track persons or objects in metadata.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system 100 in accordance with disclosed embodiments. As seen in FIG. 1, the system 100 can include a user interface 110, a forensic management module 120, a forensic analysis module 130, a third party interface 140, and a data repository 150.
The user interface 110 can include an incident management tool interface and an intelligent video management system (IVMS) client interface. In some embodiments, the incident management tool interface can act as a plug in to existing architecture and can receive and transmit additional parameters to the existing architecture that can be used to fabricate incident management reports. For example, the incident management tool interface can act as a centralized interface for calibrating the additional parameters, and the supplied additional parameters can cause the existing architecture to embed metadata associated with an incident in an incident management report, including embedding metadata in video data in an incident management report. In some embodiments, the IVMS client interface can receive and transmit instructions to configure the forensic analysis module 130, to manage incidents, and to trigger storyboard reporting.
The forensic management module 120 can include components and adapters for pulling video data and audio data from the data repository 150, for decoding and decompressing raw data, for managing a metadata schema, for normalizing metadata in a metadata database, for providing a storyboard interface, for managing objects in the user interface 110, and for managing plug ins for the forensic analysis module 130.
The forensic analysis module 130 can act as an analytical plug in engine to existing architecture and can classify persons and objects, detect, identify, and track persons and objects, and process images to assist the forensic management module 120 in extracting metadata from raw video data. In some embodiments, the forensic analysis module 130 can identify relationships between objects and persons and/or can identify a relationship schema. In either embodiment, identified relationships or an identified relationship schema can be input to a relationship builder.
The third party interface 140 can integrate the incident management tool interface of the user interface 110 and other components of the system 100 with the forensic management module 120. For example, the third party interface can include a plurality of adapters for integrating third parties with events that require notification.
Finally, the data repository 150 can store the data and the metadata of raw video data, indexed metadata of various incidents, persons, and objects, incident management data and workflow metadata, and system states and associated framework metrics. In some embodiments, the data repository 150 can be only accessible via the forensic management module 120 to maintain security, and in some embodiments, encapsulated data can only be decapsulated by users with authenticated credentials. In some embodiments, the video data in the data repository 150 can be normalized to a common form for a plurality of users, vendors, or integrators, but can be specific to a user, vendor, or integrator so that the video data can only be decoded with an adaptor specific to the particular user, vendor, or integrator. Furthermore, in some embodiments, databases in the data repository 150 can use a dynamic schema that can evolve at runtime. For example, in some embodiments, runtimes can be scheduled at periodic intervals, and data can be translated as per the dynamic schema or rule that is adapted per the runtime requirements of a particular scheduled runtime.
In accordance with the above and below described embodiments, systems and methods disclosed herein can passively analyze multiple video data streams or video clips asynchronously to identify, locate, and track objects and to refine metadata associated with the objects for further forensic analysis. For example, the user interface 110 can receive user input identifying a primary or initial person or object.
In accordance with the above and below described embodiments, systems and methods disclosed herein can decapsulate and decode video data and translate raw video data into image streams, metadata, and configuration parameters that can be analyzed to identify navigation patterns of a person or object and to identify related persons or objects. For example, existing video data in the data repository 150 can be converted into streams of optimized metadata, and the forensic analysis module 130 can execute asynchronous threads of analysis over such data to search for and identify the primary or initial person or object, can build an initial schema with mappings and associations to the primary or initial person or object, can build metadata of the primary or initial person or object based on the analysis over the data in the data repository 150, can mark possible interactions of the primary or initial person or object with secondary persons or objects as well as associated metadata, can create a dynamic schema based on such interactions, can refine associations between the primary or initial person or object and the secondary persons or objects, can evolve metadata in the data repository 150 with marking information for the primary or initial person or object, the secondary persons or objections, and the interactions therebetween, and can define persons or objects of interest and locations or zones of interest based on the dynamic schema.
In some embodiments, evolving the metadata in the data repository 150 can include building correlation rules that can be used by the user interface 110 to generate incident management reports as disclosed and described herein so that such reports can include all relevant information that has been associated with a person or object of interest.
In some embodiments, the defined persons and objects of interest and locations or zones of interest can be stored in the data repository 150 and be marked and plotted on a monitor of the user interface 110 or be included in incident management reports that can be generated on top of the metadata. For example, FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B are exemplary incident management reports that can be generated in accordance with disclosed embodiments. As seen, the reports can be generated based on the forensic analysis as disclosed and described herein and can include metadata and video footage, an identification of persons or objects of interest and locations or zones of interest, information related to areas, zones, or facilities, and snapshots of events of interest.
Furthermore, in some embodiments, a generated incident management report and the metadata used to generate the same can be translated into a storyboard that can include a set of footages and correlated events that can be displayed on a monitor of the user interface 150 as seen in FIG. 3. For example, the storyboard shown in FIG. 3 can display persons or objects of interest in a demultiplexed manner by rearranging the order of video data streams from surveillance cameras to present an intelligent, for example, logical or chronological, view of the order of events of interest. In some embodiments, systems and methods disclosed herein can stream metadata to the user interface 150 for displaying the same on the storyboard.
In some embodiments, systems and methods disclosed herein can generate a walk through report for a floor plan that can include the history of persons or objects of interest navigating the respective region as well as occupancy details for the same, for example, the number of employees, security guards, or visitors in an identified region. In some embodiments, systems and methods disclosed herein can collect occupancy details and the like from other sub-systems as would be known by those of skill in the art.
FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of a method 400 in accordance with disclosed embodiments. As seen in FIG. 4, the method 400 can include providing access details or credentials for video and metadata repositories in the data repository 150 as in 405 to, for example, initialize the forensic management module 120. Then, the method 400 can include periodically pulling video recordings and metadata information from the video and metadata repositories as in 410 and asynchronously passing the video and metadata information to the forensic analysis module 130 as in 415.
After the forensic module 130 receives the video and metadata information, the method 400 can include feeding each video recording and metadata information to an objects classification module, an objects interaction classification module, and an objects relationship builder as in 420 and instructing the objects classification module, the objects interactions classification module, and the objects relationship builder to asynchronously analyze input data as in 425 to classify objects, to classify object interactions, and to build object relationships. The method 400 can include waiting for the objects classification module, the objects interactions classification module, and the objects relationship builder to complete their object identification and relationship analysis as in 430 and determining whether an operation completion event has been received as in 435.
When the method determines that an operation completion event has been received as in 435, the method 400 can include, for each video recording and metadata information, analyzing the results from the objects classification module, the objects interactions classification module, and the objects relationship builder for suspicious objects, interactions, and event sequences as in 440 and updating the analysis results, including any object identification, interaction, and dependency graphs, as in 445 by utilizing previously stored analysis results in a stored analysis results database 450.
The method 400 can include notifying the forensics management module 120 of the analysis results as in 455, and, after the forensics management module 120 receives the analysis results, the method 400 can include continuing to periodically pull video recordings and metadata information from the video and metadata repositories as in 410, passing the analysis results to a presentation layer as in 460, and passing a presentation of the analysis results to a storyboard plug in, a user interface renderer, or a forensic report presenter as in 465 for generation and presentation of the same.
It is to be understood that the systems and methods as disclosed and described above, can be implemented with a transceiver device for communicating with a plurality of surveillance cameras or servers and a memory device for storing video data streams and metadata, each of which can be in communication with control circuitry, one or more programmable processors, and executable control software as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In some embodiments, the executable control software can be stored on a transitory or non-transitory computer readable medium, including, but not limited to, local computer memory, RAM, optical storage media, magnetic storage media, flash memory, and the like, and some or all of the control circuitry, the programmable processors, and the control software can execute and control at least some of the methods described above.
Although a few embodiments have been described in detail above, other modifications are possible. For example, the logic flows described above do not require the particular order described or sequential order to achieve desirable results. Other steps may be provided, steps may be eliminated from the described flows, and other components may be added to or removed from the described systems. Other embodiments may be within the scope of the invention.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that numerous variations and modifications may be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is to be understood that no limitation with respect to the specific system or method described herein is intended or should be inferred. It is, of course, intended to cover all such modifications as fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

## Claims

1. A method comprising:
receiving metadata that is extracted from each of the plurality of video streams, the metadata identifying, locating and tracking persons and/or objects depicted in the corresponding video stream;
receiving a user input via a user interface identifying an initial person of interest and/or initial object of interest depicted in one of the plurality of video streams;
processing the metadata that is extracted from the plurality of video streams to identify one or more correlations and/or interactions between the initial person of interest and/or initial object of interest identified by the user input and one or more other persons and/or other objects depicted in at least one of the plurality of video streams; and
generating a storyboard that summarizes one or more of the interactions between the initial person of interest and/or initial object of interest and one or more of the other persons and/or other objects.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising displaying the storyboard on the user interface.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the user input identifies an initial person of interest.

4. The method of claim 3 comprising processing the metadata extracted from each of the plurality of video streams to identify an interaction between the initial person of interest and one or more other persons in at least one of the plurality of video streams.

5. The method of claim 3 comprising processing the metadata extracted from each of the plurality of video streams to identify an interaction between the initial person of interest and one or more objects in at least one of the plurality of video streams.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the user input identifies an initial object of interest.

7. The method of claim 6 comprising processing the metadata extracted from each of the plurality of video streams to identify an interaction between the initial object of interest and one or more persons in at least one of the plurality of video streams.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising extracting the metadata from the plurality of video data streams.

9. The method of claim 1, comprising processing the metadata extracted from each of the plurality of video streams to classify the initial person of interest and/or initial object of interest and the one or more other persons and/or other objects in the plurality of video streams, and generating metadata indicative of the classification.

10. The method of claim 1, comprising processing the metadata extracted from each of the plurality of video streams to classify one or more interactions between the initial person of interest and/or initial object of interest and one or more other persons and/or other objects depicted in at least one of the plurality of video streams.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of video streams are captured and stored on a video management server before receiving the user input.

12. A method comprising:
processing one or more video streams to identify, locate and track one or more persons and/or one or more objects captured in the one or more video streams;
identifying a navigation pattern for at least some of the identified, located and tracked persons and/or objects captured in the one or more video streams;
based on the identified navigation patterns, identifying one or more interactions between at least some of the identified, located and tracked persons and/or objects captured in one or more video streams;
identifying one or more relationships between at least some of the identified, located and tracked persons and/or objects captured in one or more video streams;
generating metadata that is representative of the identified, located and tracked persons and/or objects, the identified interactions and the identified one or more relationships; and
presenting a story of a selected one of the identified, located and tracked persons and/or objects based at least in part on the metadata, the story represents at least one of the one or more identified interactions involving the selected one of the identified, located and tracked persons and/or objects, wherein the story includes a logical or chronological view of at least part of two or more of the plurality of video data streams summarizing the at least one of the one or more identified interactions.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the story represents at least one of the one or more identified relationships involving the selected one of the identified, located and tracked persons and/or objects.

14. The method of claim 12, further comprising classifying at least some of the identified, located and tracked persons and/or objects captured in one or more video streams, wherein generating metadata includes generating metadata indicative of the classification of the at least some of the identified, located and tracked persons and/or objects.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising classifying at least one of the one or more identified interaction and/or at least one or more of the identified relationships, wherein generating metadata includes generating metadata indicative of the classification of the at least one of the one or more identified interaction and/or at least one or more of the identified relationships.

16. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions thereon that when executed by one or more processors causes the one or more processors to:
process one or more video streams to identify, locate and track one or more persons and/or one or more objects captured in the one or more video streams;
identify a navigation pattern for at least some of the identified, located and tracked persons and/or objects captured in the one or more video streams;
receive a user input via a user interface identifying an initial person and/or initial object depicted in a video stream of a plurality of video streams;
based on the identified navigation patterns, identify one or more interactions between the initial person and/or initial object identified by the user input and one or more other persons and/or other objects captured in at least one of the one or more video streams; and
generate a storyboard that summarizes one or more of the interactions between the initial person and/or initial object and one or more of the other persons and/or other objects, wherein storyboard includes a logical or chronological view of at least part of two or more of the plurality of video data streams summarizing the one or more of the interactions.

17. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein the instructions when executed by the one or more processors causes the one or more processors to displaying the storyboard via the user interface.

18. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein the instructions when executed by the one or more processors causes the one or more processors to:
generate metadata from the plurality of video streams, wherein generating the metadata comprises identifying, locating and tracking the one or more persons and/or one or more objects in the one or more video streams, and generating metadata for each of the one or more persons and/or one or more objects.

19. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein the instructions when executed by the one or more processors causes the one or more processors to:
generate metadata from the plurality of video streams, wherein generating the metadata comprises:
classifying one or more persons and/or one or more objects in one or more of the plurality of video streams, and generating metadata that is indicative of the classification; and

classifying one or more interactions between the initial person and/or initial object and the one or more other persons and/or other objects, and generating metadata that is indicative of the classification.