N O T FO R PUB L ICAT IO N UNITED STATES C OUR T OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH C IR C UIT
UNITED STATES OF AM ER IC A,

Pla i ntiff-Appe lle e , v. NORM A LAUR

A M ANJAR

REZ, De fe nda n t-Appe l la

nt. No. 16-10453

D.C . No. 4:15-c r-01340-R

M -LAB -1
M EM O R ANDUM *

Appe a l from

the Unite d

Stat e s Distric t C ourt for the Distric t of Ariz o na R ose m ary M arque z , Distric t

Judge , Pre siding Argue d a nd Subm itte d Fe brua

ry 16, 2018 San Fran c isc o , C a lifornia B e fore : SC HR OEDER , TOR R UELLA, ** and R

AW LINSON, C irc uit Judge s. Norm a La ura M anja rre z a ppe a ls he r jury c onvic t ion of one c ount of
c onspira c y

and one c ount of tra

nsporting a

n ille ga l a lie n for profit, in viola tion of 8 U.S.C . § 1324(a )(1)(A)(ii), (a )(1)(A)(v)(I), a nd (a )(1)(B )(i). She re c e ive d afour

# FIL ED MAR 13 2018 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U
. S. CO URT O F APPEALS

* This disposition is not a ppropria te for public a t ion a

nd is not pre c e de nt e xc e pt a s provide d

by Ninth C irc uit R

ule 36-3.

* * The Honora

ble Jua n R . Torrue lla , Unite d State s C irc uit Judgefor the First C irc uit, sitting by

de signa tion.m onth se n te nc e of im prisonm e nt a

nd two y e ars of supe rvise d re le a s e on e a c h
c ount, to run c o n c urre ntly
. He r a ppe a l c e nte rs a

round the c e ll phone tha

t borde r patrol a ge nts
c onfisc a te d at the tim e of he r arre st a nd tha t wa s subse que ntly , m i sta ke nly , de stroy e d. She m o ve d to dismiss he r indic tm e nt, but fa ile d to obje c t to the M a g istra te Judge ’ s R e port a

nd R e c om

m e ndat ion tha

t he r m otion be de nie d, so
re vie w for pla in e rror is a ppropria te . Se e Unite d State

s v . Olano , 507 U.S. 725, 731–32 (1993). Even if we we re to re v ie w he r c la im of ba d fa ith for c le ar e rror, howe v e r, we would ha

ve to a ffirm

the c onvic t ion. Se e Unite d State s v . Siv illa , 714 F.3d 1168, 1172 (9th C ir. 2013) (c ita tion om itte d) (re vie wing finding of a b se nc e of ba d fa ith for c le ar e rror). 1. M anja rre z c onte nds tha

t the phone c onta ine d e xc ulpa tory e vide nc e showing tha

t he r c a l ls we re re late d to he r bake ry busine s s rathe r tha

n a lie n
sm uggling. To c onstitute grounds for dism i ssa l, the re m

ust be ba d fa i th on thepa

rt of the gove rnm e n t a ge nts. S e e Arizona v . Youngblood , 488 U.S. 51, 58 (1988). In orde r to e sta

blish ba d fa ith in c o nne c tion with the de struc tion of e v ide nc e , the re
m ust be knowle d g e on the pa rt of the gove rnm e nt of the “ a ppa re nt e xc ulpa

tory
va lue of the e vide nc e at

the tim e it wa s lost or de stroy e d.” Unite d State s v . C oope r , 983 F.2d 928, 931 (9th C ir. 1993) (c iting Youngblood , 488 U.S. a

t 56–57
2n.*). The re is no sugge stion in this re c ord tha t the a ge nts kne w of a

ny e xc u lpatory
va lue at the tim e it wa s de stroy e d. Eve n a ssum ing the gove rnm e nt kne w of som e
e xc ulpa tory va l u e , the re is no e vide n c e of ba d fa ith in re lation to the de struc tion. Se e Youngblood

, 488 U.S. a

t 58; C alifornia v . Trombe tta , 467 U.S. 479, 488 (1984). The re c ord re fle c t s the gove rnm e nt did not wa nt the phone de stroy e d a

nd the g ove rnm e nt’ s good fa ith c an be infe rre d from the e vide nc e that

it wa s
a tte m pting to se c ure a

se arc h wa

rra nt for the phone at the tim e it wa s a c c ide nta lly de stroy e d. 2. B e c a use the re wa s no ba d fa ith, the re wa s no viola tion of dueproc e ss. Se e Siv illa , 714 F.3d a

t 1172 (c ita

tions omitte d). M ore ove r, M anja rre z ha d

“ a l te rnative m e ans of de m onstra ting [he r] innoc e nc e .” Youngblood , 488 U.S. a

t 56 (quoting Trombe tta , 467 U.S. a t 490). She c o uld ha

ve c a lle d he r c ustom e rs or he r fa m ily and frie nds to c o rroborate he r de fe nse . 3. Fina lly , e ve n

if the gove rnm e nt’ s ne glige nt c onduc t c ould giverise to doubts a bout the c onte n t s of the inform a tion on the phone , a ny proble m wa s c ure d by the giving of a

n a dve rse infe re nc e instruc tion, a s re que ste d by M anja rre z . Se e Siv i lla , 714 F.3d a

t 1173–74. AFFIRM E D
.

3