ALD

- 148 NOT PRECEDENTIAL
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT

____________ No. 11

- 1083

____________ JOHN E. REARDON ,

Appellant,

v. VIRGINIA E. REARDON; VINCENT D. SEGAL; SEGAL & TROPP; ROBERT W. PAGE

_______________________ ___________ On Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey (D.C. Civ. No. 84

- cv - 03696 ) District Judge: Honorable Robert B. Kugler

__________________________________ Submitted for Possible Summary Action Pursuant to Third Circuit LAR 27.4 and I.O.P. 10.6

March 24, 2011
Be fore: SCIRICA, HARDIMAN, and VANASKIE, Circuit Judges

(Opinion filed April 6 , 2011 )

____________ OPINION

____________
PER CURIAM
A p p ellant John Re ardon filed a civil rights action for damages , see 42 U.S.C. § 83,
in September, 1984 against his ex

- wife, her matrimonial lawyer, and a New Jersey state2

court judge who was presiding over Reardon’s divorce proceedings. The case was transferred to the Uni ted States District Court for the District of New J ersey. The District Court dismissed t he complaint against the state court judge, the late Robert W. Page, in March, 1985 on the basis that judges are absolutely immunized from a suit for money damages arising from their judicial acts. Mireles v. Waco , 502 U.S. 9, 9 (1991) (per curiam); Stump v. Sparkman , 435 U.S. 349, 355

- 56 (1978). Reardon sought reconsideration of this order in the district court and he sought to amend his complai nt, all to no avail. Judgment was entered against Reardon in March, 1986. At issue now, on August 18, 2010, Reardon filed a Rule 60(b)(4) motion to reopen the judgment and a motion to amend his complaint . He sought reopening of his federal civil rights case in order to address the issue of judicial bias as it related to the state trial judge and his exercise of jurisdiction over Reardon’s divorce proceedings

. Reardon contended that he only recently discovered that the state trial judge acted without jur isdiction in his divorce case. Specifically, Mrs. Reardon was the judge’s clerk and thus the judge was not impartial. Reardon contended that t he state judge issued custody and child support orders in the absence of jurisdiction because, by law, he should have recused himself

. Because the state judge acted in the absence of jurisdiction, the doctrine of absolute immunity did not apply. Although his children are now adults, Reardon sought in his proposed amended complaint to relitigate the issues giving r ise to the child support order, and the order granting physical custody of the children to his ex

- wife , and he s ought money damages

. The Office of the Attorney General for the State of New3

Jersey answered the motion, and argued that it had not been filed within a reasonable
t ime as required by Rule 60(b). In an order entered on December 13, 2010, the District Court denied the Rule 60(b) motion as untimely filed. The court ruled that 24 years is not a reasonable time under Rule 60(c)(1). The court noted t hat Reardon consented to the federal court’s jurisdiction and was properly served with the defendants’ pleadings, and thus Rule 60(c)(1) applied to him even though he alleged that the judgment was void , cf. United States v. One Toshiba Color T elevision , 21 3 F.3d 147 , 155

- 56 (3d Cir. 2000) (w here incarcerated claimant received constitutionally inadequate notice of judicial forfeiture proceedings, judgment was void, and government could not assert doctrine of laches as defense to claimant ’s motion for relief from judgment ) . The District C ourt denied Reardon’s motion to amend the complaint as moot. Reardon appeals. Our Clerk advised him that the appeal was subject to summary affirmance under Third Cir. LAR 27.4 and I.O.P. 10.6. He was invited to submit
argu ment in writing, and he has done so. We have carefully considered that submission. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. Under Third Circuit LAR 27.4 and I.O.P. 10.6, we may summarily dispose of an appeal when it clearly appears that no substantia l question is presented by the appeal. An order denying a Rule 60(b)(4) motion is subject to plenary review. See Budget Blinds, Inc. v. White , 536 F.3d 244, 251 and n.5 (3d Cir. 2008). Rule 60(b)(4) permits the reopening of a judgment “if the judgment i s void.” Fed. R. Civ. Pro. 60(b)(4). The federal court judgment rendered in Reardon’s case in September, 1986 is not void. The District Court was not without jurisdiction to4

enter judgment in Reardon’s federal civil rights case bec ause Reardon initiated the suit, because federal courts have subject matter jurisdiction over section 1983 actions , and because the court did not exceed its power

. See Farm Credit Bank of Baltimore v.
Ferrera

- Goitia , 316 F.3d 62, 67

- 68 (1st Cir. 2003) (judgment is void, as opp osed to voidable, when the rendering court lacked either subject matter jurisdiction or jurisdiction over the defendant’s person, and when rendering court’s actions exceeded the proper exercise of judicial power so as to violate the Due Process Clause). R eardon a lleges that the District Court erred in applying the doctrine of absolute immunity to his case, see Supplement to Motion, at 2

- 3, but this is an allegation of legal error only; it is not an allegation that the federal court lacked jurisdiction over his section 1983 action such that the judgment rendered is void. 1 We point this out because t he reasonable time requirement does not apply to a motion to reopen a void judgment

. One Toshiba Color Television , 213 F.3d at 157. In One Toshiba Color Televi sion , the default judgment actually was void because it was entered without proper service of the complaint. See id. at 156. Here, the federal court judgment plainly was not void, and w e doubt, as did the District Court, that Reardon may circumvent the r easonable time requirement of Rule 60(b) by raising a frivolous legal argument that the judgment is void. See Farm Credi t Bank of Baltimore , 316 F.3d at 68

- 69 (defects in mortgage foreclosure proceeding were technical in nature and did not

1 If it was Reardon’s intent to use Rule 60(b) to attack the state court judgment, we have previously held that he may not use Rule 60(b) to reopen a state court judgment. See Reardon v. Leason , 2010 WL 4488241 (3d Cir. 2010).5

evince a usurpa tion of power such as might render the district court’s judgment confirming sale void and subject to attack at any time). In any event, as a motion brought under subparagraph (4) of Rule 60(b), timely or not, Reardon’s request to reopen the judgment becau se it is void plainly lacks merit and properly was denied. 2 To the extent Reardon was alleging newly discovered evidence,

see id. at subparagraph (2) (judgment may be reopened for “ newly discovered evidence that, with reasonable diligence, could not have been discovered in time to move for a new trial under Rule 59(b) ”), or exceptional circumstances, see id. at subparagraph (6); Martinez

- McBean v. Government of Virgin Islands , 562 F.2d 908, 911

- 12 (3d Cir. 1977) (o nly extraordinary ci rcumstances warrant granting 60(b) relief, because legal error ordinari ly can be corrected on appeal), h is Rule 60(b) motion was untimely, because it was filed more than 24 years after the challenged judgment was entered. Under Rule 60(c)(1)(A) , a “ motion under Rule 60(b) must be made within a reasonable time

-- a nd for reasons (1), (2), and (3) no more than a year after the entry of the judgment or order or the date of the proceeding

. ” Twenty

- four years is not a reasonable time for Rule 60(b)
purposes. See Moolenaar v. Gov't of Virgin Islands , 822 F.2d 1342, 1348 (3d Cir.1987) (two years not “reasonable time” for 60(b) purposes)

. For the foregoing reasons, we will summarily affirm the order of the District Court d enying Reardon’s R ule 60(b) motion

.

2 We ma y affirm a result reached by the District Court for any reason as long as the record supports the judgment. See Guthrie v. Lady Jane Collieries, Inc. , 722 F.2d 1141, 1145 n.1 (3d Cir. 1983).