MEMORANDUM OPINION

No. 04-11-00911-CV

IN THE INTEREST OF H.V., a Juvenile

From the 289th Judicial District Court, Bexar County, Texas

Trial Court No. 2011-JUV-01992

Honorable Carmen Kelsey, Judge Presiding

Opinion by: Phylis J. Speedlin, Justice

Sitting: Phylis J. Speedlin, Justice

Rebecca Simmons, Justice

Steven C. Hilbig, Justice

Delivered and Filed: September 12, 2012

AFFIRMED

H.V., a juvenile, appeals the trial court’s disposition order committing him to the Texas 

Youth Commission (TYC). We affirm the trial court’s judgment. 

BACKGROUND

H.V., fourteen years-old, pled true to an allegation that he engaged in delinquent conduct 

by possessing a prohibited weapon, namely brass knuckles, on the premises of a school. The 

trial court adjudged that H.V. had engaged in delinquent behavior, and after a disposition hearing 

ordered him committed to TYC for an indeterminate term. On appeal, H.V. challenges his 

commitment, arguing the evidence does not support the court’s finding that neither of his 
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parents’ homes could provide him with the quality of care and level of support and supervision 

necessary to meet the conditions of probation. 

STANDARD OF REVIEW

A juvenile court possesses broad discretion to determine a suitable disposition for a child 

who has been adjudicated as having engaged in delinquent behavior. In re P.E.C., 211 S.W.3d 

368, 370 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2006, no pet.). Absent an abuse of discretion by the trial 

court, a reviewing court will not disturb the juvenile court’s disposition. Id. An abuse of 

discretion occurs when the trial court acts unreasonably or arbitrarily, or without reference to any 

guiding rules or principles. In re K.J.N., 103 S.W.3d 465, 466 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2003, 

no pet.). The guiding rules and principles in juvenile cases involving commitment outside the 

child’s home are found in the Texas Family Code. The Family Code permits a trial judge to 

commit a child if: (1) it is in the child’s best interest to be placed outside the home; (2) 

reasonable efforts have been taken to prevent or eliminate the need for the child’s removal from 

the home; and (3) while in the home, the child cannot receive the quality of care and level of 

support and supervision needed to meet the conditions of probation. TEX. FAM. CODE ANN.

§ 54.04(i) (West Supp. 2012); In re P.E.C., 211 S.W.3d at 370. In reviewing the juvenile court’s 

disposition and the related findings, we view the evidence in the light most favorable to the 

court’s ruling, and afford almost total deference to fact findings that are supported by the record. 

In re K.T., 107 S.W.3d 65, 75 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2003, no pet.). We review de novo the 

court’s application of the law to the facts, and factual issues that do not involve credibility 

determinations. Id.
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ANALYSIS

Here, the trial court made the required statutory findings under section 54.04(i), plus the 

following specific findings in support of its commitment order:

paroled from the State of Georgia and sent to the State of Texas for a felony 

offense involving violence, robbery by intimidation; was in possession of a knife; 

gang activity in the past; aggressive and assaultive behavior in the past; and 

problems in school; concerned that the respondent may commit a new offense.

The trial court’s findings are supported by documentary evidence in the record as well as 

testimony. The record contains a Harlandale Independent School District police report stating 

that on September 29, 2011, H.V. was in possession of a prohibited weapon, brass knuckles, on 

school premises in violation of Texas Penal Code section 46.03. See TEX. PENAL CODE ANN.

§ 46.03 (West 2011) (felony of the third degree). The pre-disposition report prepared by the 

Bexar County Juvenile Probation Department shows that H.V.’s history of delinquent conduct 

began when he was 12 years old or less, and details his history in Georgia, where he lived with 

his father until December 2010. Specifically, H.V.’s juvenile history in Georgia includes three 

adjudications: assault-bodily injury on March 27, 2010, for which he received probation; 

criminal trespass on June 30, 2010, for which his probation term was extended; and robbery by 

intimidation (knife) on November 29, 2010, for which he was committed and placed on parole. 

At the time of the instant offense, H.V. was on parole with the Georgia juvenile authorities. The 

report also states that H.V. admitted being involved with gangs in Georgia. The report 

recommended that, based on his prior history in Georgia, his aggression issues, and his 

behavioral problems within his mother’s home, H.V. should be placed on probation for eighteen 

months in the custody of the Department, with several conditions including temporary placement 

in a residential facility. Leticia Wilson, a juvenile probation officer, testified that H.V. initially 
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had issues with fighting, writing gang style, and refusing to obey staff when he was first 

detained; however, H.V.’s behavior in detention has improved and he is attending classes.

At the disposition hearing, several witnesses testified, including both of H.V.’s parents. 

H.V.’s father, Ramiro, stated that he currently resides with his girlfriend and her daughters in 

Atlanta, Georgia. Ramiro confirmed that H.V. lived with him in Georgia immediately prior to 

moving to San Antonio in December 2010, and that H.V. committed the above offenses while 

living with him in Georgia. Ramiro testified that his work schedule and neighborhood safety 

have since improved, and that he would now be able to provide H.V. with more supervision 

through his girlfriend and one of her adult daughters. Ramiro is a driver and works between 50 

and 60 hours per week. Ramiro stated his belief that H.V. needs psychological counseling, but is 

not a bad kid and will mature. 

H.V.’s mother, Socorro, stated that she had no contact at all with H.V. during the years he 

lived in Georgia with his father. She did not know about H.V.’s problems in Georgia before he 

came to San Antonio. Socorro testified that H.V. was not a problem while he resided with her 

and her family which consists of her husband, a 16 year-old daughter, and three sons ranging in 

age from 3 years old to 9 years old. However, she stated that H.V.’s relationship with his stepfather is not ideal because H.V. uses profanity and wears sagging pants, and the younger boys try 

to model their behavior after H.V.’s behavior; H.V. also gets aggressive when he gets mad. 

Socorro stated she and her extended family in San Antonio could provide H.V. with support if he 

was permitted to come home with her. The pre-disposition report showed that since living with 

his mother in San Antonio, H.V. has had four referrals to the Bexar County Juvenile Justice 

Department, including one for resisting arrest.
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In addition, three of H.V.’s teachers testified. H.V.’s middle school football coach and 

teacher, Simon Aguirre, Jr., testified that H.V. was well behaved and tried hard in his classroom 

and on the football field; H.V. sometimes used profanity but could be corrected. H.V. did well 

on the football team in seventh grade, but was unable to continue playing football in eighth grade 

due to deficient grades. Aguirre was aware of the incident in which H.V. possessed brass 

knuckles on school premises, but did not believe H.V. would be a problem if he returned to his 

classroom as he had matured. Antonio Arevalo, the principal of the Harlandale Alternative 

School, testified that when H.V. moved to San Antonio he was initially enrolled in boot camp 

because there had been a “serious incident” in the state he came from; he was very respectful and 

completed the program, and then moved on to a traditional middle school. However, H.V. was 

later sent back to the disciplinary alternative education program where he continued to have 

conflicts with instructors; he was also classified as a special needs student and was on 

medication for anger issues. Arevalo stated he was able to assist H.V. through counseling, but 

also recalled that H.V. told him that he is a gangster and that is just what he is going to be, that 

there is nothing anyone can do to change it. Arevalo testified that in his opinion H.V. needs a lot 

of guidance and a very structured setting. Paul Pena, H.V.’s case manager at the middle school, 

testified that H.V. had difficulty focusing in class and used inappropriate language; he dealt with 

H.V. almost every day and felt he was improving and that playing football was a motivator. 

H.V. told Pena he came from a pretty tough area of Georgia where there were a lot of gangs. 

Pena stated his opinion that H.V. could mature and grow out of the inappropriate behavior he 

exhibited during middle school.

Based on our review of the record, which includes evidence that H.V. committed a third 

degree felony in San Antonio, has a previous history of adjudications in Georgia which includes 
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a violent felony for which he is currently on parole, and lacks supervision and support in both his 

parents’ homes as evidenced, in part, by his continued delinquent conduct, we conclude there is 

sufficient evidence to support the order of commitment, and hold the trial court did not abuse its 

discretion. Accordingly, we affirm the trial court’s judgment.

Phylis J. Speedlin, Justice