EX-10.1




 Exhibit 10.1 

COMMON STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT 

Dated as of August 2, 2022 

by and between 
 ASTRA
SPACE, INC. 
 and 

B. RILEY PRINCIPAL CAPITAL II, LLC 











 TABLE OF CONTENTS 

 

							
	 	 	 	  	Page	 
	 ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS
	  	 	1	 
		
	 ARTICLE II PURCHASE AND SALE OF COMMON STOCK
	  	 	2	 
	 Section 2.1.
	 	Purchase and Sale of Stock	  	 	2	 
	 Section 2.2.
	 	Closing Date; Settlement Dates	  	 	2	 
	 Section 2.3.
	 	Initial Public Announcements and Required Filings	  	 	2	 
		
	 ARTICLE III PURCHASE TERMS
	  	 	3	 
	 Section 3.1.
	 	VWAP Purchases	  	 	3	 
	 Section 3.2.
	 	Intraday VWAP Purchases	  	 	4	 
	 Section 3.3.
	 	Settlement	  	 	5	 
	 Section 3.4.
	 	Compliance with Rules of Trading Market	  	 	6	 
	 Section 3.5.
	 	Beneficial Ownership Limitation	  	 	7	 
		
	 ARTICLE IV REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS OF THE INVESTOR
	  	 	7	 
	 Section 4.1.
	 	Organization and Standing of the Investor	  	 	7	 
	 Section 4.2.
	 	Authorization and Power	  	 	7	 
	 Section 4.3.
	 	No Conflicts	  	 	7	 
	 Section 4.4.
	 	Investment Purpose	  	 	8	 
	 Section 4.5.
	 	Accredited Investor Status	  	 	8	 
	 Section 4.6.
	 	Reliance on Exemptions	  	 	8	 
	 Section 4.7.
	 	Information	  	 	9	 
	 Section 4.8.
	 	No Governmental Review	  	 	9	 
	 Section 4.9.
	 	No General Solicitation	  	 	9	 
	 Section 4.10.
	 	Not an Affiliate	  	 	9	 
	 Section 4.11.
	 	No Prior Short Sales	  	 	10	 
	 Section 4.12.
	 	Statutory Underwriter Status	  	 	10	 
	 Section 4.13.
	 	Resales of Securities	  	 	10	 
		
	 ARTICLE V REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY
	  	 	10	 
	 Section 5.1.
	 	Organization, Good Standing and Power	  	 	10	 
	 Section 5.2.
	 	Authorization, Enforcement	  	 	10	 
	 Section 5.3.
	 	Capitalization	  	 	11	 
	 Section 5.4.
	 	Issuance of Securities	  	 	11	 
	 Section 5.5.
	 	No Conflicts	  	 	12	 
	 Section 5.6.
	 	Commission Documents, Financial Statements; Disclosure Controls and Procedures; Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting; Accountants	  	 	13	 
	 Section 5.7.
	 	Subsidiaries	  	 	15	 
	 Section 5.8.
	 	No Material Adverse Effect or Material Adverse Change	  	 	16	 
	 Section 5.9.
	 	No Undisclosed Liabilities	  	 	16	 
	 Section 5.10.
	 	No Material Defaults	  	 	16	 
	 Section 5.11.
	 	Solvency	  	 	16	 
	 Section 5.12.
	 	Title To Assets	  	 
	17
	 



  
 i 













							
	 Section 5.13.
	 	Actions Pending	  	 	17	 
	 Section 5.14.
	 	Compliance With Laws	  	 	17	 
	 Section 5.15.
	 	Certain Fees	  	 	18	 
	 Section 5.16.
	 	Disclosure	  	 	18	 
	 Section 5.17.
	 	Operation of Business	  	 	18	 
	 Section 5.18.
	 	Environmental Compliance	  	 	20	 
	 Section 5.19.
	 	Material Contracts	  	 	20	 
	 Section 5.20.
	 	Transactions With Affiliates	  	 	20	 
	 Section 5.21.
	 	Employees; Labor Laws	  	 	20	 
	 Section 5.22.
	 	Use of Proceeds	  	 	21	 
	 Section 5.23.
	 	Investment Company Act Status	  	 	21	 
	 Section 5.24.
	 	ERISA	  	 	21	 
	 Section 5.25.
	 	Taxes	  	 	22	 
	 Section 5.26.
	 	Insurance	  	 	22	 
	 Section 5.27.
	 	Exemption from Registration	  	 	22	 
	 Section 5.28.
	 	No General Solicitation or Advertising	  	 	22	 
	 Section 5.29.
	 	No Integrated Offering	  	 	22	 
	 Section 5.30.
	 	Dilutive Effect	  	 	23	 
	 Section 5.31.
	 	Manipulation of Price	  	 	23	 
	 Section 5.32.
	 	Securities Act	  	 	23	 
	 Section 5.33.
	 	Listing and Maintenance Requirements; DTC Eligibility	  	 	23	 
	 Section 5.34.
	 	Application of Takeover Protections	  	 	24	 
	 Section 5.35.
	 	No Unlawful Payments	  	 	24	 
	 Section 5.36.
	 	International Trade	  	 	24	 
	 Section 5.37.
	 	Government Contracts	  	 	25	 
	 Section 5.38.
	 	IT Systems	  	 	26	 
	 Section 5.39.
	 	Compliance With Data Security Requirements	  	 	26	 
	 Section 5.40.
	 	No Disqualification Events	  	 	27	 
	 Section 5.41.
	 	Market Capitalization	  	 	27	 
	 Section 5.42.
	 	Broker/Dealer Relationships; FINRA Information	  	 	27	 
	 Section 5.43.
	 	Margin Rules	  	 	28	 
	 Section 5.44.
	 	Acknowledgement Regarding Relationship with Investor and BRS	  	 	28	 
	 Section 5.45.
	 	Acknowledgement Regarding Investor’s Affiliate Relationships	  	 	28	 
		
	 ARTICLE VI ADDITIONAL COVENANTS
	  	 	29	 
	 Section 6.1.
	 	Securities Compliance	  	 	29	 
	 Section 6.2.
	 	Reservation of Common Stock	  	 	29	 
	 Section 6.3.
	 	Registration and Listing	  	 	30	 
	 Section 6.4.
	 	Compliance with Laws	  	 	30	 
	 Section 6.5.
	 	Keeping of Records and Books of Account; Due Diligence	  	 	31	 
	 Section 6.6.
	 	No Frustration; No Variable Rate Transactions	  	 	31	 
	 Section 6.7.
	 	Corporate Existence	  	 	32	 
	 Section 6.8.
	 	Fundamental Transaction	  	 	32	 
	 Section 6.9.
	 	Selling Restrictions	  	 	32	 
	 Section 6.10.
	 	Effective Registration Statement	  	 	33	 
	 Section 6.11.
	 	Blue Sky	  	 	33	 
	 Section 6.12.
	 	Non-Public Information	  	 	33	 


  
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	 Section 6.13.
	 	Broker-Dealer	  	 	34	 
	 Section 6.14.
	 	FINRA Filing	  	 	34	 
	 Section 6.15.
	 	QIU	  	 	35	 
	 Section 6.16.
	 	Disclosure Schedule	  	 	35	 
	 Section 6.17.
	 	Delivery of Compliance Certificates, Bring-Down Negative Assurance Letters and Bring-Down Comfort Letters Upon Occurrence of Certain Events	  	 	35	 
		
	 ARTICLE VII CONDITIONS TO CLOSING, COMMENCEMENT AND PURCHASES
	  	 	37	 
	 Section 7.1.
	 	Conditions Precedent to Closing	  	 	37	 
	 Section 7.2.
	 	Conditions Precedent to Commencement	  	 	38	 
	 Section 7.3.
	 	Conditions Precedent to Purchases after Commencement Date	  	 	42	 
		
	 ARTICLE VIII TERMINATION
	  	 	46	 
	 Section 8.1.
	 	Automatic Termination	  	 	46	 
	 Section 8.2.
	 	Other Termination	  	 	46	 
	 Section 8.3.
	 	Effect of Termination	  	 	48	 
		
	 ARTICLE IX INDEMNIFICATION
	  	 	49	 
	 Section 9.1.
	 	Indemnification of Investor	  	 	49	 
	 Section 9.2.
	 	Indemnification Procedures	  	 	50	 
		
	 ARTICLE X MISCELLANEOUS
	  	 	50	 
	 Section 10.1.
	 	Certain Fees and Expenses; Commitment Shares; Commencement Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions	  	 	50	 
	 Section 10.2.
	 	Specific Enforcement, Consent to Jurisdiction, Waiver of Jury Trial	  	 	54	 
	 Section 10.3.
	 	Entire Agreement	  	 	55	 
	 Section 10.4.
	 	Notices	  	 	55	 
	 Section 10.5.
	 	Waivers	  	 	56	 
	 Section 10.6.
	 	Amendments	  	 	56	 
	 Section 10.7.
	 	Headings	  	 	56	 
	 Section 10.8.
	 	Construction	  	 	57	 
	 Section 10.9.
	 	Binding Effect	  	 	57	 
	 Section 10.10.
	 	No Third Party Beneficiaries	  	 	57	 
	 Section 10.11.
	 	Governing Law	  	 	57	 
	 Section 10.12.
	 	Survival	  	 	57	 
	 Section 10.13.
	 	Counterparts	  	 	57	 
	 Section 10.14.
	 	Publicity	  	 	58	 
	 Section 10.15.
	 	Severability	  	 	58	 
	 Section 10.16.
	 	Further Assurances	  	 	58	 

 Annex I. Definitions 

  
 iii 












 COMMON STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT 

This COMMON STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT is made and entered into as of August 2, 2022 (this “Agreement”), by
and between B. Riley Principal Capital II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Investor”), and Astra Space, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”). 

RECITALS 
 WHEREAS,
the parties desire that, upon the terms and subject to the conditions and limitations set forth herein, the Company may issue and sell to the Investor, from time to time as provided herein, and the Investor shall purchase from the Company, up to the
lesser of (i) $100,000,000 in aggregate gross purchase price of newly issued shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”), and (ii) the Exchange Cap (to the
extent applicable under Section 3.4); 
 WHEREAS, such sales of Common Stock by the Company to the Investor will be made in
reliance upon the provisions of Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act (“Section 4(a)(2)”) and Rule 506(b) of Regulation D promulgated by the Commission under the Securities Act
(“Regulation D”), and upon such other exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act as may be available with respect to any or all of the sales of Common Stock to the
Investor to be made hereunder; 
 WHEREAS, the parties hereto are concurrently entering into a Registration Rights Agreement in the
form attached as Exhibit A hereto (the “Registration Rights Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company shall register under the Securities Act the resale of the Registrable Securities (as defined in
the Registration Rights Agreement) by the Investor, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth therein; 
 WHEREAS, in
consideration for the Investor’s execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company is concurrently causing its transfer agent to issue to the Investor the Initial Commitment Shares pursuant to and in accordance with
Section 10.1(ii)(a); and 
 WHEREAS, the Company acknowledges that the Investor is an Affiliate of the B. Riley group of
entities, and its Affiliate, B. Riley Securities, Inc. (“BRS”), is acting as the Investor’s representative in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. 

NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows: 

ARTICLE I 
 DEFINITIONS

 Capitalized terms used in this Agreement shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in Annex I hereto, and hereby made a
part hereof, or as otherwise set forth in this Agreement. 











 ARTICLE II 

PURCHASE AND SALE OF COMMON STOCK 

Section 2.1. Purchase and Sale of Stock. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this
Agreement, during the Investment Period, the Company, in its sole discretion, shall have the right, but not the obligation, to issue and sell to the Investor, and the Investor shall purchase from the Company, up to the lesser of (i) $100,000,000
(the “Total Commitment”) in aggregate gross purchase price of duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock and (ii) the Exchange Cap, to
the extent applicable under Section 3.4 (such lesser amount of shares of Common Stock, the “Aggregate Limit”), by the delivery to the Investor of VWAP Purchase Notices and Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices as provided in
Article III. 
 Section 2.2. Closing Date; Settlement Dates. This Agreement shall become effective
and binding (the “Closing”) upon (a) the delivery of counterpart signature pages of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement executed by each of the parties hereto and thereto, and (b) the delivery of
all other documents, instruments and writings required to be delivered at the Closing, in each case as provided in Section 7.1(iv), to the offices of Dorsey & Whitney LLP, 51 West
52nd Street, New York, NY 10019-6119, at 3:45 p.m., New York City time, on the Closing Date. In consideration of and in express reliance upon the representations, warranties and covenants
contained in, and upon the terms and subject to the conditions of, this Agreement, during the Investment Period, the Company, at its sole option and discretion, may issue and sell to the Investor, and, if the Company elects to so issue and sell, the
Investor shall purchase from the Company, the Shares in respect of each VWAP Purchase and each Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable). The delivery of Shares in respect of each VWAP Purchase and each Intraday VWAP Purchase, and the payment for such
Shares, shall occur in accordance with Section 3.3. 
 Section 2.3. Initial Public Announcements and
Required Filings. The Company shall, not later than 5:30 p.m., New York City time, on the Trading Day immediately after the date of this Agreement, file with the Commission a Current Report on Form 8-K
disclosing the execution of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement by the Company and the Investor and describing the material terms thereof, including, without limitation, the issuance of the Initial Commitment Shares to the Investor
in accordance with Section 10.1(ii)(a), and attaching as exhibits thereto copies of each of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement and, if applicable, any press release issued by the Company disclosing the execution of this
Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement by the Company (including all exhibits thereto, the “Current Report”). The Company shall provide the Investor a reasonable opportunity to comment on a draft of the Current
Report prior to filing the Current Report with the Commission and shall give due consideration to all such comments. From and after the filing of the Current Report with the Commission, the Company shall have publicly disclosed all material,
nonpublic information delivered to the Investor (or the Investor’s representatives or agents) by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, agents or representatives (if any) in connection
with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Investor covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company as described
in this Section 2.3, the Investor shall maintain the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (including the existence and terms of the transactions contemplated
thereby), except that the Investor may disclose the terms of such 

  
 2 












 
transactions to its financial, accounting, legal and other advisors (provided that the Investor directs such Persons to maintain the confidentiality of such information). Not later than 15
calendar days following the Closing Date, the Company shall file a Form D with respect to the issuance and sale of the Securities in accordance with Regulation D and shall provide a copy thereof to the Investor promptly after such filing. The
Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to prepare and, as soon as practicable, but in no event later than the applicable Filing Deadline, file with the Commission the Initial Registration Statement and any New Registration Statement
covering only the resale by the Investor of the Registrable Securities in accordance with the Securities Act and the Registration Rights Agreement. At or before 8:30 a.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately following the Effective
Date of the Initial Registration Statement and any New Registration Statement (or any post-effective amendment thereto), the Company shall file with the Commission in accordance with Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act the final Prospectus to be
used in connection with resales of the Registrable Securities by the Investor pursuant to such Registration Statement (or post-effective amendment thereto). 

ARTICLE III 
 PURCHASE
TERMS 
 Subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Article VII, the parties agree as follows: 

Section 3.1. VWAP Purchases. Upon the initial satisfaction of all of the conditions set forth in
Section 7.2 (the “Commencement” and the date of initial satisfaction of all of such conditions, the “Commencement Date”) and from time to time thereafter, subject to the satisfaction of all of the
conditions set forth in Section 7.3, the Company shall have the right, but not the obligation, to direct the Investor, by its timely delivery to the Investor of a VWAP Purchase Notice for a VWAP Purchase on the applicable Purchase Date
therefor, to purchase a specified VWAP Purchase Share Amount, which shall not exceed the applicable VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount, at the applicable VWAP Purchase Price therefor on such Purchase Date in accordance with this Agreement (each such
purchase, a “VWAP Purchase”). The Company may timely deliver to the Investor a VWAP Purchase Notice for a VWAP Purchase on any Trading Day selected by the Company as the Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase, so long as
(i) the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding such Purchase Date is not less than the Threshold Price, and (ii) all Shares subject to all prior VWAP Purchases and Intraday VWAP Purchases (as
applicable) pursuant to this Agreement have been received by the Investor as DWAC Shares prior to the Company’s delivery to the Investor of such VWAP Purchase Notice for such VWAP Purchase on such Purchase Date. The Investor is obligated to
accept each VWAP Purchase Notice prepared and delivered by the Company in accordance with the terms of and subject to the satisfaction of the conditions contained in this Agreement. If the Company delivers any VWAP Purchase Notice directing the
Investor to purchase a VWAP Purchase Share Amount in excess of the applicable VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount that the Company is then permitted to include in such VWAP Purchase Notice, such VWAP Purchase Notice shall be void ab initio to the
extent of the amount by which the VWAP Purchase Share Amount set forth in such VWAP Purchase Notice exceeds such applicable VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount, and the Investor shall have no obligation to purchase, and shall not purchase, such excess
Shares pursuant to such VWAP Purchase Notice; provided, however, that the Investor shall remain obligated to purchase the applicable VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount 

  
 3 












 
pursuant to such VWAP Purchase. At or prior to 5:30 p.m., New York City time, on the Purchase Date for each VWAP Purchase, the Investor shall provide to the Company, by email correspondence to
each of the individual notice recipients of the Company set forth in the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice, a written confirmation for such VWAP Purchase, setting forth the applicable VWAP Purchase Price per Share to be paid by the Investor for the
Shares purchased by the Investor in such VWAP Purchase, and the total aggregate VWAP Purchase Price to be paid by the Investor for the total VWAP Purchase Share Amount purchased by the Investor in such VWAP Purchase. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
the Company shall not deliver any VWAP Purchase Notices to the Investor during the PEA Period, any Allowable Grace Period or any MPA Period. 

Section 3.2. Intraday VWAP Purchases. Upon the initial satisfaction of all of the conditions set forth
in Section 7.2 on the Commencement Date and from time to time thereafter, subject to the satisfaction of all of the conditions set forth in Section 7.3, in addition to VWAP Purchases as described in Section 3.1, the Company shall also
have the right, but not the obligation, to direct the Investor, by its timely delivery to the Investor of an Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice on the applicable Purchase Date therefor, to purchase a specified Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount, which
shall not exceed the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount, at the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Price therefor on such Purchase Date in accordance with this Agreement (each such purchase, an “Intraday VWAP
Purchase”). The Company may timely deliver to the Investor an Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice for an Intraday VWAP Purchase on any Trading Day selected by the Company as the Purchase Date for such Intraday VWAP Purchase, so long as
(i) the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding such Purchase Date is not less than the Threshold Price, and (ii) all Shares subject to all prior VWAP Purchases and Intraday VWAP Purchases (as
applicable) have been received by the Investor as DWAC Shares prior to the Company’s delivery to the Investor of such Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice for such Intraday VWAP Purchase on such Purchase Date. The Investor is obligated to accept each
Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice prepared and delivered by the Company in accordance with the terms of and subject to the satisfaction of the conditions contained in this Agreement. If the Company delivers any Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice directing
the Investor to purchase an Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount in excess of the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount that the Company is then permitted to include in such Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice, such Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice
shall be void ab initio to the extent of the amount by which the Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount set forth in such Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice exceeds such applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount, and the Investor shall have no
obligation to purchase, and shall not purchase, such excess Shares pursuant to such Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice; provided, however, that the Investor shall remain obligated to purchase the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum
Amount pursuant to such Intraday VWAP Purchase. At or prior to 5:30 p.m., New York City time, on the Purchase Date on which one or more Intraday VWAP Purchases shall have occurred, the Investor shall provide to the Company, by email correspondence
to each of the individual notice recipients of the Company set forth in the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice, a written confirmation for each such Intraday VWAP Purchase, setting forth the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Price per Share to
be paid by the Investor for the Shares purchased by the Investor in such Intraday VWAP Purchase, and the total aggregate Intraday VWAP Purchase Price to be paid by the Investor for the total Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount purchased by the
Investor in such Intraday VWAP Purchase. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not deliver any Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices to the Investor during the PEA Period, any Allowable Grace Period or any MPA Period. 

 

  
 4 












 Section 3.3. Settlement. The Shares constituting the
applicable VWAP Purchase Share Amount purchased by the Investor in each VWAP Purchase, and the Shares constituting the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount purchased by the Investor in each Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), in each
case shall be delivered to the Investor as DWAC Shares not later than 1:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Trading Day immediately following the Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase and for each such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) (the
“Purchase Share Delivery Date”). For (a) each VWAP Purchase, the Investor shall pay to the Company an amount in cash equal to the product of (1) the total number of Shares purchased by the Investor in such VWAP
Purchase and (2) the applicable VWAP Purchase Price for such Shares, as full payment for such Shares purchased by the Investor in such VWAP Purchase, and (b) each Intraday VWAP Purchase, the Investor shall pay to the Company an amount in
cash equal to the product of (1) the total number of Shares purchased by the Investor in such Intraday VWAP Purchase and (2) the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Price for such Shares, as full payment for such Shares purchased by the
Investor in such Intraday VWAP Purchase, in each case via wire transfer of immediately available funds, not later than 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Trading Day immediately following the applicable Purchase Share Delivery Date for such VWAP
Purchase and for each such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), provided the Investor shall have timely received, as DWAC Shares, all of such Shares purchased by the Investor in such VWAP Purchase and such Intraday VWAP Purchase(s) (as
applicable) on such Purchase Share Delivery Date in accordance with the first sentence of this Section 3.3, or, if any of such Shares are received by the Investor after 1:00 p.m., New York City time, then the Company’s receipt of such
funds in its designated account may occur on the Trading Day next following the Trading Day on which the Investor shall have received all of such Shares as DWAC Shares, but not later than 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on such next Trading Day. If
the Company or its transfer agent shall fail for any reason to deliver to the Investor, as DWAC Shares, any Shares purchased by the Investor in a VWAP Purchase or an Intraday VWAP Purchase prior to 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Trading Day
immediately following the applicable Purchase Share Delivery Date for such VWAP Purchase and for each such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), and if on or after such Trading Day the Investor purchases (in an open market transaction or
otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Investor of such Shares that the Investor anticipated receiving from the Company on such Purchase Share Delivery Date in respect of such VWAP Purchase or such Intraday
VWAP Purchase (as applicable), then the Company shall, within one (1) Trading Day after the Investor’s request, either (i) pay cash to the Investor in an amount equal to the Investor’s total purchase price (including brokerage
commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased (the “Cover Price”), at which point the Company’s obligation to deliver such Shares as DWAC Shares shall terminate, or (ii) promptly honor its
obligation to deliver to the Investor such Shares as DWAC Shares and pay cash to the Investor in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of the Cover Price over the total purchase price paid by the Investor pursuant to this Agreement for all of the
Shares purchased by the Investor in such VWAP Purchase or such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable). The Company shall not issue any fraction of a share of Common Stock to the Investor in connection with any VWAP Purchase or Intraday VWAP Purchase
effected pursuant to this Agreement. If the issuance would result in the issuance of a fraction of a share of Common Stock, the Company shall round such fraction of a share of Common Stock up or down to the nearest whole share. All payments to be
made by the Investor pursuant to this Agreement shall be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to such account as the Company may from time to time designate by written notice to the Investor in accordance with the provisions of this
Agreement. 

  
 5 












 Section 3.4. Compliance with Rules of Trading Market. 

(a) Exchange Cap. Subject to Section 3.4(b), the Company shall not issue or sell any shares of Common Stock pursuant
to this Agreement, and the Investor shall not purchase or acquire any shares of Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement, to the extent that after giving effect thereto, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that would be issued pursuant to
this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby would exceed 53,059,650 shares of Common Stock (such number of shares equal to 19.99% of the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock and shares of the Company’s Class B common
stock, par value $0.0001 per share, combined, issued and outstanding immediately prior to the execution of this Agreement), which number of shares shall be reduced, on a
share-for-share basis, by the number of shares of Common Stock issued or issuable pursuant to any transaction or series of transactions that may be aggregated with the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement under applicable rules of the Trading Market (such maximum number of shares of Common Stock, the “Exchange Cap”), unless the Company’s stockholders have approved the issuance
of Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement in excess of the Exchange Cap in accordance with the applicable rules of the Trading Market. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company may, but shall be under no obligation to, request its stockholders to
approve the issuance of Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement; provided, that if such stockholder approval is not obtained, the Exchange Cap shall be applicable for all purposes of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby at
all times during the term of this Agreement (except as set forth in Section 3.4(b)). 
 (b)
At-Market Transaction. Notwithstanding Section 3.4(a) above, the Exchange Cap shall not be applicable for any purposes of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby,
solely to the extent that (and only for so long as) the Average Price shall equal or exceed the Base Price (it being hereby acknowledged and agreed that the Exchange Cap shall be applicable for all purposes of this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereby at all other times during the term of this Agreement, unless the stockholder approval referred to in Section 3.4(a) is obtained). The parties acknowledge and agree that the Minimum Price used to determine the Base Price
hereunder represents the lower of (i) the Nasdaq official closing price of the Common Stock on the Trading Market (as reflected on Nasdaq.com) on the Trading Day immediately prior to the date of this Agreement and (ii) the average Nasdaq
official closing price of the Common Stock on the Trading Market (as reflected on Nasdaq.com) for the five (5) consecutive Trading Days ending on the Trading Day immediately prior to the date of this Agreement. 

(c) General. The Company shall not issue or sell any shares of Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement if such issuance
or sale would reasonably be expected to result in (A) a violation of the Securities Act or (B) a breach of the rules of the Trading Market. The provisions of this Section 3.4 shall be implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict
conformity with the terms of this Section 3.4 only if necessary to ensure compliance with the Securities Act and the applicable rules of the Trading Market. 

  
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 Section 3.5. Beneficial Ownership Limitation.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Company shall not issue or sell, and the Investor shall not purchase or acquire, any shares of Common Stock under this Agreement which, when aggregated with all
other shares of Common Stock then beneficially owned by the Investor and its Affiliates (as calculated pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and Rule 13d-3 promulgated thereunder), would result in
the beneficial ownership by the Investor of more than 4.99% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (the “Beneficial Ownership Limitation”). Upon the written request of the Investor, the Company shall
promptly (but not later than the next business day on which the Company’s transfer agent is open for business) confirm orally or in writing to the Investor the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. The Investor and the Company
shall each cooperate in good faith in the determinations required under this Section 3.5 and the application of this Section 3.5. The Investor’s written certification to the Company of the applicability of the Beneficial Ownership
Limitation, and the resulting effect thereof hereunder at any time, shall be conclusive with respect to the applicability thereof and such result absent manifest error. The provisions of this Section 3.5 shall be construed and implemented in a
manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 3.5 to the extent necessary to properly give effect to the limitations contained in this Section 3.5. 

ARTICLE IV 

REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS OF THE INVESTOR 

The Investor hereby makes the following representations, warranties and covenants to the Company: 

Section 4.1. Organization and Standing of the Investor. The Investor is a limited liability company
duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware. 
 Section 4.2.
Authorization and Power. The Investor has the requisite limited liability company power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement and to purchase or acquire the
Securities in accordance with the terms hereof. The execution, delivery and performance by the Investor of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been
duly authorized by all necessary limited liability company action, and no further consent or authorization of the Investor, its officers or its sole member is required. Each of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement has been duly
executed and delivered by the Investor and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the Investor enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium, liquidation, conservatorship, receivership, or similar laws relating to, or affecting generally the enforcement of, creditor’s rights and remedies or by other equitable principles of general application (including
any limitation of equitable remedies). 
 Section 4.3. No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and
performance by the Investor of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement and the consummation by the Investor of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not and shall not (i) result in a violation of such Investor’s
certificate of formation, limited liability company agreement or other applicable 

  
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organizational instruments, (ii) conflict with, constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would become a default) under, or give rise to any rights of
termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any material agreement, mortgage, deed of trust, indenture, note, bond, license, lease agreement, instrument or obligation to which the Investor is a party or is bound, (iii) create or
impose any lien, charge or encumbrance on any property of the Investor under any agreement or any commitment to which the Investor is party or under which the Investor is bound or under which any of its properties or assets are bound, or
(iv) result in a violation of any federal, state, local or foreign statute, rule, or regulation, or any order, judgment or decree of any Governmental Authority applicable to the Investor or by which any of its properties or assets are bound or
affected, except, in the case of clauses (ii), (iii) and (iv), for such conflicts, defaults, terminations, amendments, acceleration, cancellations and violations as would not, individually or in the aggregate, prohibit or otherwise interfere with,
in any material respect, the ability of the Investor to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. The Investor is not required under any applicable federal, state or local law, rule or
regulation to obtain any consent, authorization or order of, or make any filing or registration with, any Governmental Authority in order for it to execute, deliver or perform any of its obligations under this Agreement and the Registration Rights
Agreement or to purchase or acquire the Securities in accordance with the terms hereof, other than as may be required by FINRA; provided, however, that for purposes of the representation made in this sentence, the Investor is assuming
and relying upon the accuracy of the relevant representations and warranties and the compliance with the relevant covenants and agreements of the Company in the Transaction Documents to which it is a party. 

Section 4.4. Investment Purpose. The Investor is acquiring the Securities for its own account, for
investment purposes and not with a view towards, or for resale in connection with, the public sale or distribution thereof, in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities laws; provided, however, that by making
the representations herein, the Investor does not agree, or make any representation or warranty, to hold any of the Securities for any minimum or other specific term and reserves the right to dispose of the Securities at any time in accordance with,
or pursuant to, a registration statement filed pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement or an applicable exemption under the Securities Act. The Investor does not presently have any agreement or understanding, directly or indirectly, with any
Person to sell or distribute any of the Securities. The Investor is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the ordinary course of its business. 

Section 4.5. Accredited Investor Status. The Investor is an “accredited investor” as that
term is defined in Rule 501(a) of Regulation D. 
 Section 4.6. Reliance on Exemptions. The Investor
understands that the Securities are being offered and sold to it in reliance on specific exemptions from the registration requirements of U.S. federal and state securities laws and that the Company is relying in part upon the truth and accuracy of,
and the Investor’s compliance with, the representations, warranties, agreements, acknowledgments and understandings of the Investor set forth herein in order to determine the availability of such exemptions and the eligibility of the Investor
to acquire the Securities. 

  
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 Section 4.7. Information. All materials
relating to the business, financial condition, management and operations of the Company and materials relating to the offer and sale of the Securities which have been requested by the Investor have been furnished or otherwise made available to the
Investor or its advisors, including, without limitation, the Commission Documents. The Investor understands that its investment in the Securities involves a high degree of risk. The Investor is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the
Securities and has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that it is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of a proposed investment in the Securities. The Investor and its advisors have been afforded the opportunity to
ask questions of and receive answers from representatives of the Company concerning the financial condition and business of the Company and other matters relating to an investment in the Securities. Neither such inquiries nor any other due diligence
investigations conducted by the Investor or its advisors, if any, or its representatives shall modify, amend or affect the Investor’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or in any other
Transaction Document to which the Company is a party or the Investor’s right to rely on any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transaction contemplated hereby
(including, without limitation, the opinions of the Company’s counsel delivered pursuant to Sections 7.1(iv), 7.2(xvi) and 7.3(x)). The Investor has sought such accounting, legal and tax advice as it has considered necessary to make an informed
investment decision with respect to its acquisition of the Securities. The Investor understands that it (and not the Company) shall be responsible for its own tax liabilities that may arise as a result of this investment or the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement. 
 Section 4.8. No Governmental Review. The Investor understands
that no United States federal or state agency or any other government or Governmental Authority has passed on or made any recommendation or endorsement of the Securities or the fairness or suitability of an investment in the Securities nor have such
authorities passed upon or endorsed the merits of the offering of the Securities. 
 Section 4.9. No General
Solicitation. The Investor is not purchasing or acquiring the Securities as a result of any form of general solicitation or general advertising (within the meaning of Regulation D) in connection with the offer or sale of the Securities. 

Section 4.10. Not an Affiliate. The Investor is not an officer, director or an Affiliate of the
Company. As of the date of this Agreement, the Investor does not beneficially own any shares of Common Stock or securities exercisable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock, other than the Initial Commitment Shares. During the Investment
Period, the Investor will not acquire for its own account any shares of Common Stock or securities exercisable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock, other than pursuant to this Agreement; provided, however, that nothing in
this Agreement shall prohibit or be deemed to prohibit the Investor from purchasing, in an open market transaction or otherwise, shares of Common Stock necessary to make delivery by the Investor in satisfaction of a sale by the Investor of Shares
that the Investor anticipated receiving from the Company in connection with the settlement of a VWAP Purchase or an Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) if the Company or its transfer agent shall have failed for any reason (other than a failure of
the Investor or its Broker-Dealer to set up a DWAC and required instructions) to electronically transfer all of the Shares subject to such VWAP Purchase or such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) to the Investor on the applicable Purchase Share
Delivery Date by crediting the Investor’s or its designated Broker-Dealer’s account at DTC through its DWAC delivery system in compliance with Section 3.3 of this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing restriction does
not apply to any Affiliate of the Investor, provided that any such purchases do not cause the Investor to violate any applicable Exchange Act requirement, including Regulation M. 

  
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 Section 4.11. No Prior Short Sales. At no time prior
to the date of this Agreement has the Investor, its sole member, any of their respective officers, or any entity managed or controlled by the Investor or its sole member, engaged in or effected, in any manner whatsoever, directly or indirectly, for
its own account or for the account of any of its Affiliates, any (i) “short sale” (as such term is defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO of the Exchange Act) of the Common Stock or (ii) hedging transaction, which establishes a net
short position with respect to the Common Stock. 
 Section 4.12. Statutory Underwriter Status. The
Investor acknowledges that it will be disclosed as an “underwriter” and a “selling stockholder” in each Registration Statement and in any Prospectus contained therein to the extent required by applicable law and to the extent the
Prospectus is related to the resale of Registrable Securities. 
 Section 4.13. Resales of
Securities. The Investor represents, warrants and covenants that it will resell Securities purchased or acquired by the Investor from the Company pursuant to this Agreement only pursuant to the Registration Statement in which the resale of
such Securities is registered under the Securities Act and the Prospectus contained therein, in a manner described under the caption “Plan of Distribution” in such Registration Statement and Prospectus, and in a manner in compliance with
all applicable U.S. federal and applicable state securities laws, rules and regulations. 
 ARTICLE V 

REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY 

Except as set forth in the disclosure schedule delivered by the Company to the Investor (which is hereby incorporated by reference in, and
constitutes an integral part of, this Agreement) (the “Disclosure Schedule”), the Company hereby makes the following representations, warranties and covenants to the Investor: 

Section 5.1. Organization, Good Standing and Power. The Company is a corporation duly organized,
validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has the corporate power and authority to own, lease or operate its assets and properties and to conduct its business as now being conducted. The Company is duly
licensed or qualified to do business and in good standing (or equivalent status as applicable) in each jurisdiction in which the assets owned or leased by it or the character of its activities require it to be licensed or qualified or in good
standing (or equivalent status as applicable), except where the failure to be so licensed or qualified, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

Section 5.2. Authorization, Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority
to enter into and perform its obligations under each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and to issue the Securities in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof. Except for approvals of the Company’s Board of Directors or a
committee thereof as may be required in connection with any issuance and sale of Shares to the Investor hereunder 

  
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(which approvals shall be obtained prior to the delivery of any VWAP Purchase Notice and any Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice), the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of each of the
Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate action, and no further consent or authorization of the
Company, its Board of Directors or its stockholders is required, except that to the extent the Exchange Cap is applicable under Section 3.4, the Company may not issue any shares of Common Stock under this Agreement in excess of the Exchange Cap
without first obtaining the approval of its stockholders. Each of the Transaction Documents to which the Company is a party has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable
against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation, conservatorship, receivership or similar laws relating to, or affecting
generally the enforcement of, creditor’s rights and remedies or by other equitable principles of general application (including any limitation of equitable remedies). 

Section 5.3. Capitalization. The authorized capital stock of the Company and the shares thereof
issued and outstanding were as set forth in the Commission Documents as of the dates reflected therein. All of the outstanding shares of Common Stock have been duly authorized and validly issued, and are fully paid and
non-assessable. Except as set forth in the Commission Documents, this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement, there are no agreements or arrangements under which the Company is obligated to register
the sale of any securities under the Securities Act. Except as set forth in the Commission Documents, no shares of Common Stock are entitled to preemptive rights and there are no outstanding debt securities and no contracts, commitments,
understandings, or arrangements by which the Company is or may become bound to issue additional shares of the capital stock of the Company or options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating
to, or securities or rights convertible into or exchangeable for, any shares of capital stock of the Company other than those issued or granted in the ordinary course of business pursuant to the Company’s equity incentive and/or compensatory
plans or arrangements. Except for customary transfer restrictions contained in agreements entered into by the Company to sell restricted securities or as set forth in the Commission Documents, the Company is not a party to, and it has no Knowledge
of, any agreement restricting the voting or transfer of any shares of the capital stock of the Company. Except as set forth in the Commission Documents, there are no securities or instruments containing anti-dilution or similar provisions that will
be triggered by this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement or any of the other Transaction Documents, or the consummation of the transactions described herein or therein. The Company has filed with the Commission true and correct copies of
the Company’s Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation as in effect on the Closing Date (the “Charter”), and the Company’s Amended and Restated Bylaws as in effect on the Closing Date (the
“Bylaws”). 
 Section 5.4. Issuance of Securities. The Commitment Shares
have been, and the Shares to be issued under this Agreement have been, or with respect to Shares to be purchased by the Investor pursuant to a particular VWAP Purchase Notice or pursuant to a particular Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable),
will be, prior to the delivery to the Investor hereunder of such VWAP Purchase Notice and prior to the delivery to the Investor hereunder of such Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable), duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the


  
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part of the Company. The Commitment Shares, when issued to the Investor in accordance with this Agreement, and the Shares, when issued and sold against payment therefor in accordance with this
Agreement, shall be validly issued and outstanding, fully paid and non-assessable and free from all liens, charges, taxes, security interests, encumbrances, rights of first refusal, preemptive or similar
rights and other encumbrances with respect to the issue thereof, and the Investor shall be entitled to all rights accorded to a holder of Common Stock. An aggregate of 52,341,455 shares of Common Stock have been duly authorized and reserved by the
Company for issuance and sale to the Investor as Shares pursuant to VWAP Purchases and Intraday VWAP Purchases under this Agreement. An aggregate of 359,097 shares of Common Stock have been duly authorized and reserved by the Company for issuance to
the Investor as Additional Commitment Shares pursuant to this Agreement. 
 Section 5.5. No
Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not and shall not
(i) result in a violation of any provision of the Company’s Charter or Bylaws, (ii) to the Knowledge of the Company, result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default (or an event which,
with notice or lapse of time or both, would become a default) under, or give rise to any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any agreement, mortgage, deed of trust, indenture, note, bond, license, lease agreement,
instrument or obligation to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or is bound, (iii) create or impose a lien, charge or encumbrance on any property or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under any agreement to
which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound or to which any of their respective properties or assets is subject, or (iv) result in a violation of any federal, state, local
or foreign statute, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or by which any property or asset of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries are bound or affected (including federal and state
securities laws and regulations and the rules and regulations of the Trading Market or applicable Eligible Market), except, in the case of clauses (ii), (iii) and (iv), for such conflicts, defaults, terminations, amendments, acceleration,
cancellations, liens, charges, encumbrances and violations as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as specifically contemplated by this Agreement or the Registration Rights
Agreement and as required under the Securities Act and any applicable state securities laws, the Company is not required under any federal, state, local or foreign law, rule or regulation to obtain any consent, authorization or order of, or make any
filing or registration with, any Governmental Authority (including, without limitation, the Trading Market) in order for it to execute, deliver or perform any of its obligations under the Transaction Documents to which it is a party, or to issue the
Securities to the Investor in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof (other than such consents, authorizations, orders, filings or registrations as have been obtained or made prior to the Closing Date); provided, however, that,
for purposes of the representation made in this sentence, the Company is assuming and relying upon the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Investor in this Agreement and the compliance by it with its covenants and agreements
contained in this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. 

  
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 Section 5.6. Commission Documents, Financial
Statements; Disclosure Controls and Procedures; Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting; Accountants. 
 (a) Since
July 1, 2021, except as set forth in the Commission Documents, the Company has timely filed (giving effect to permissible extensions in accordance with Rule 12b-25 under the Exchange Act) all Commission
Documents required to be filed with or furnished to the Commission by the Company under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, including those required to be filed with or furnished to the Commission under Section 13(a) or Section 15(d)
of the Exchange Act. As of the Closing Date, no Subsidiary of the Company is required to file or furnish any report, schedule, registration, form, statement, information or other document with the Commission. As of its filing date (or, if amended or
superseded by a filing prior to the Closing Date, as of the date of such amended or superseded filing), each Commission Document filed with or furnished to the Commission prior to the Closing Date complied in all material respects with the
requirements of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable. Each Registration Statement, on the date it is filed with the Commission, on the date it is declared effective by the Commission and on each Purchase Date, shall comply in all
material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act (including, without limitation, Rule 415 under the Securities Act) and shall not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading, except that this representation and warranty shall not apply to statements in or omissions from such Registration Statement made in reliance upon and in conformity with
information relating to the Investor furnished to the Company in writing by or on behalf of the Investor expressly for use therein. The Prospectus and each Prospectus Supplement required to be filed pursuant to this Agreement or the Registration
Rights Agreement after the Closing Date, when taken together, on its date and on each Purchase Date, shall comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act (including, without limitation, Rule 424(b) under the Securities
Act) and shall not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading, except that this representation and warranty shall not apply to statements in or omissions from the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to the Investor furnished to
the Company in writing by or on behalf of the Investor expressly for use therein. Each Commission Document (other than the Initial Registration Statement or any New Registration Statement, or the Prospectus included therein or any Prospectus
Supplement thereto) to be filed with or furnished to the Commission after the Closing Date and filed as part of or incorporated by reference in the Initial Registration Statement or any New Registration Statement, or the Prospectus included therein
or any Prospectus Supplement thereto required to be filed pursuant to this Agreement or the Registration Rights Agreement (including, without limitation, the Current Report), when such document is filed with or furnished to the Commission and, if
applicable, when such document becomes effective, as the case may be, shall comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable. The Company has delivered or made available to the Investor
via EDGAR or otherwise true and complete copies of all comment letters and substantive correspondence received by the Company from the Commission relating to the Commission Documents filed with or furnished to the Commission as of the Closing Date,
together with all written responses of the Company thereto in the form such responses were filed via EDGAR. Except as disclosed in the Commission Documents, there are no outstanding or unresolved comments or undertakings in such comment letters
received by the Company from the Commission. The Commission has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act. 

 

  
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 (b) The consolidated financial statements of the Company included or incorporated by
reference in the Commission Documents, together with the related notes and schedules, present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company and the Subsidiaries (as defined below) as of the dates indicated and
the consolidated results of operations, cash flows and changes in stockholders’ equity of the Company and the Subsidiaries for the periods specified (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal
year-end audit adjustments which will not be material, either individually or in the aggregate) and have been prepared in compliance with the published requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act,
as applicable, and in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis (except (i) for such adjustments to accounting standards and practices as are
noted therein and (ii) in the case of unaudited interim statements, to the extent they may exclude footnotes or may be condensed or summary statements) during the periods involved. The pro forma financial statements or data included or
incorporated by reference in the Commission Documents, if any, comply with the requirements of Regulation S-X of the Securities Act, including, without limitation, Article 11 thereof, and the assumptions used
in the preparation of such pro forma financial statements and data are reasonable, the pro forma adjustments used therein are appropriate to give effect to the circumstances referred to therein and the pro forma adjustments have been properly
applied to the historical amounts in the compilation of those statements and data. The other financial and statistical data with respect to the Company and the Subsidiaries contained or incorporated by reference in the Commission Documents, if any,
are accurately and fairly presented and prepared on a basis consistent with the financial statements and books and records of the Company. There are no financial statements (historical or pro forma) that are required to be included or incorporated
by reference in the Commission Documents that are not included or incorporated by reference as required. The Company and the Subsidiaries do not have any material liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent (including any off-balance sheet obligations or any “variable interest entities” as that term is used in Accounting Standards Codification Paragraph 810-10-25-20), not described in Commission Documents which are required to be described in the Commission Documents. All disclosures contained or incorporated by reference in the Commission Documents,
if any, regarding “non-GAAP financial measures” (as such term is defined by the rules and regulations of the Commission) comply in all material respects with Regulation G of the Exchange Act and Item
10 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act, to the extent applicable. 
 (c) Except as set forth
in the Commission Documents, the Company maintains a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations;
(ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general
or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. Except as set forth in the Commission
Documents, the Company is not aware of any material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting. Except as set forth in the Commission Documents, since the date of the latest audited financial statements of the Company included in
the 2021 Form 10-K, there has been no 

  
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change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that has materially and adversely affected, or is reasonably likely to materially and adversely affect, the Company’s
internal control over financial reporting. Except as set forth in the Commission Documents, the Company has established disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15) that comply with the requirements of the Exchange Act. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior
to the filing date of the Form 10-K for the fiscal year most recently ended (such date, the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its
Form 10-K for the fiscal year most recently ended the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the most
recent Evaluation Date and, except as set forth in such Form 10-K or any Commission Document filed with the Commission for a period subsequent to the period covered by such Form
10-K, the “disclosure controls and procedures” are effective. 
 (d) Grant Thornton LLP
(the “Accountant”), whose report on the consolidated financial statements of the Company is filed with the Commission as part of the 2021 Form 10-K, are and, during the periods covered
by their report, were independent public accountants within the meaning of the Securities Act and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). To the Company’s knowledge, the Accountant is not in violation of the auditor
independence requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”) with respect to the Company. 

(e) Since July 1, 2021, except as set forth in the Commission Documents, the Company has timely filed all certifications and statements
the Company is required to file under (i) Rule 13a-14 or Rule 15d-14 under the Exchange Act or (ii) 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (Section 906 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act) with respect to all Commission Documents with respect to which the Company is required to file such certifications and statements thereunder. 

Section 5.7. Subsidiaries. Exhibit 21.1 to the 2021 Form
10-K sets forth each Subsidiary of the Company as of the Closing Date, other than those that may be omitted pursuant to Item 601 of Regulation S-K, and the Company does
not have any other Subsidiaries as of the Closing Date, other than those that may be omitted pursuant to Item 601 of Regulation S-K. Each Subsidiary of the Company has been duly formed or organized, is validly
existing under the applicable laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation or organization and has the organizational power and authority to own, lease and operate its assets and properties and to conduct its business as it is now being conducted,
except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Each of the Company’s Subsidiaries is duly licensed or qualified and in good standing (or equivalent status as applicable) as a foreign corporation (or other entity,
if applicable) in each jurisdiction in which the assets owned or leased by it or the character of its activities require it to be licensed or qualified or in good standing (or equivalent status as applicable), except where the failure to be so
licensed or qualified, individually or in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. No Subsidiary of the Company is currently prohibited, directly or indirectly, from paying any dividends to
the Company, from making any other distribution on such Subsidiary’s capital stock, from repaying to the Company any loans or advances to such Subsidiary from the Company or from transferring any of such Subsidiary’s property or assets to
the Company or any other Subsidiary of the Company, except as described in or contemplated by the Commission Documents or as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

  
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 Section 5.8. No Material Adverse Effect or Material Adverse
Change. Except as otherwise disclosed in any Commission Documents, since December 31, 2021: (i) the Company has not experienced or suffered any Material Adverse Effect, and there exists no current state of facts, condition or event
which would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; (ii) there has not occurred any material adverse change, or any development that would reasonably be expected to result in a prospective material adverse change, in the
condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business or operations of the Company from that set forth in the Commission Documents, including, without limitation, as a result of the COVID-19
pandemic, or as a result of any measures intended to contain the COVID-19 pandemic imposed by any Governmental Authority in any country or region in which the Company has assets or properties or conducts
business, including, without limitation, any limitations, curtailments, suspensions or closures of businesses, business offices or establishments, schools, properties and other public areas due to quarantines, curfews, travel restrictions, workplace
controls, “stay-at-home” orders, social distancing requirements or guidelines or other public gathering restrictions or limitations, directives or
recommendations promulgated by any Governmental Authority, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization, in each case, in connection with or in response to the
COVID-19 pandemic; (iii) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has incurred any material liability or obligation, direct or contingent, nor entered into any material transaction; (iv) the
Company has not purchased any of its outstanding capital stock, nor declared, paid or otherwise made any dividend or distribution of any kind on its capital stock other than ordinary and customary dividends; and (v) there has not been any
material change in the capital stock, short-term debt or long-term debt of the Company. 
 Section 5.9. No
Undisclosed Liabilities. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liabilities, obligations, claims or losses (whether liquidated or unliquidated, secured or unsecured, absolute, accrued, contingent or otherwise) that would be
required to be disclosed on a balance sheet of the Company or any Subsidiary (including the notes thereto) in conformity with GAAP and are not disclosed in the Commission Documents, other than those incurred in the ordinary course of the
Company’s or its Subsidiaries respective businesses since December 31, 2021 and which, individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

Section 5.10. No Material Defaults. Since December 31, 2021, neither the Company nor any
of its Subsidiaries (i) has failed to pay any dividend or sinking fund installment on preferred stock or (ii) has defaulted on any installment on Indebtedness or on any rental on one or more long-term real or personal property leases,
which defaults, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, and the Company has not filed a report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act disclosing that it or any of its
Subsidiaries has failed to make any such payments or has so defaulted. 
 Section 5.11. Solvency.
The Company has not taken any steps, and does not currently expect to take any steps, to seek protection pursuant to any Bankruptcy Law, nor does the Company have any Knowledge that its creditors intend to initiate involuntary bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization or liquidation proceedings or other proceedings for relief under any Bankruptcy Law. The Company and its Subsidiaries are financially solvent and are generally able to pay their respective debts as they become due. 

  
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 Section 5.12. Title To Assets. Each of the Company
and its Subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all real property owned by them, if any, and good and marketable title to all personal property reflected as owned by them in the financial statements, supporting schedules or other financial
data filed with the Commission as a part of the Commission Documents, in each case free and clear of all liens, security interests, pledges, charges, encumbrances, mortgages, equities, adverse claims and other defects, except (i) such as are
disclosed in the Commission Documents, (ii) such as are entered into in the ordinary course of business, or (iii) such as do not materially and adversely affect the value of such property and do not interfere with the use made or proposed to be made
of such property by the Company and its Subsidiaries; and any Leased Real Property, improvements, buildings, equipment and personal property held under lease by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company are held under valid, existing and
enforceable leases, with such exceptions as are disclosed in the Commission Documents or are not material and do not interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such real property, improvements, buildings, equipment and personal property
by the Company or such Subsidiary. 
 Section 5.13. Actions Pending. Except as disclosed in the
Commission Documents, there are no pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, Actions and, to the Knowledge of the Company, there are no pending or threatened investigations against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or otherwise
affecting the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective assets, including any condemnation or similar proceedings, that would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Neither
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, nor any of their respective properties, assets or businesses, is subject to any Governmental Order, or, to the Knowledge of the Company, any continuing investigation by, any Governmental Authority, in each
case that would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. There is no unsatisfied judgment or any open injunction binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, which would, individually or in
the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the ability of the Company to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement and the other Transaction Documents. 

Section 5.14. Compliance With Laws. Except (i) with respect to compliance with Environmental Laws
(as to which certain representations and warranties are made pursuant to Section 5.18) and (ii) where the failure to be, or to have been, in compliance with such Laws would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected
to have a Material Adverse Effect, the Company and its Subsidiaries are, and since December 31, 2021 have been, in compliance in all material respects with all applicable Laws. The Company has not received any written notice from any
Governmental Authority of a violation of any applicable Law by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries at any time since December 31, 2021, which violation would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect. Except where the failure to have or to comply would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, each of the Company and its Subsidiaries: (i) is in compliance in all material
respects with all Laws applicable to its business, operations, and assets, including the Federal Aviation Regulations, and any other applicable rules, regulations, directives or policies of the DOT and/or FAA; (ii) has all material Permits
required to own, lease or operate 

  
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its assets and properties and to conduct its business as now being conducted as described in the Commission Documents; and (iii) except as disclosed in the Commission Documents, has not
received any written notice of or been charged with the violation of any laws, and has not been the subject of any DOT or FAA enforcement action or investigation that would require disclosure in the Commission Documents. Except for Governmental
Orders in connection with the requirements of any Government Contract, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to or bound by any Governmental Order. To the Company’s Knowledge, except as disclosed in the Commission
Documents, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is under investigation with respect to the violation of any Laws, and there are no facts or circumstances which could reasonably form the basis for any such violation. There are no
statutes, laws, rules, regulations or ordinances of any Governmental Authority, self-regulatory organization or body that are material to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or to their respective businesses, assets or properties that are
required to be described in any Commission Document that are not described therein as required. 
 Section 5.15.
Certain Fees. No brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable by the Company to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the
transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Investor shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section 5.15
incurred by the Company or its Subsidiaries that may be due or payable in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. 

Section 5.16. Disclosure. The Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its
behalf has provided the Investor or any of its agents, advisors or counsel with any information that constitutes or could reasonably be expected to constitute material, nonpublic information concerning the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, other
than the existence of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Company understands and confirms that the Investor will rely on the foregoing representations in effecting resales of Shares under the Registration Statement. All
disclosure provided to Investor regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their businesses and the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (including, without limitation, the representations and warranties of the Company contained
in the Transaction Documents to which it is a party (as modified by the Disclosure Schedule)) furnished in writing by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for purposes of or in connection with the Transaction Documents, taken
together, is true and correct in all material respects on the date on which such information is dated or certified, and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the
statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading at such time. 

Section 5.17. Operation of Business. 

(a) The Company and its Subsidiaries have timely obtained and hold all material Permits (the “Material Permits”) that
are required to own, lease or operate their respective properties and assets and to conduct their respective businesses as currently conducted, except where the failure to obtain the same would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. For the avoidance of doubt, Material Permits include, but are not limited to, all Federal Aviation Administration (“FAA”) and Department of


  
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Transportation (“DOT”) certificates, licenses, consents, exemptions, ratings, approvals and other authorizations and permissions required for the operation of the
Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ respective businesses as currently conducted as described in the Commission Documents, the lack of which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as would not, individually
or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, (a) each Material Permit has been duly and validly obtained by the Company or one of its Subsidiaries and is in full force and effect in accordance with its terms,
(b) no outstanding written notice of revocation, cancellation or termination of any Material Permit has been received by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (c) to the Knowledge of the Company, none of such Permits upon its termination
or expiration in the ordinary due course will not be renewed or reissued in the ordinary course of business upon terms and conditions substantially similar to its existing terms and conditions, (d) there are no Actions pending or, to the
Knowledge of the Company, threatened, that seek the revocation, cancellation, limitation, restriction or termination of any Material Permit and (e) the Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all Material Permits applicable to them.
This Section 5.17(a) does not relate to environmental matters, such items being the subject of Section 5.18. 
 (b) The Company
and its Subsidiaries own or possess adequate rights to use all patents, patent applications, trademarks (both registered and unregistered), trade names, trademark registrations, service marks, service mark registrations, Internet domain name
registrations, copyrights, copyright registrations, and know-how (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures) (collectively,
the “Intellectual Property”), necessary for the conduct of their respective businesses as conducted as of the date hereof, except to the extent that the failure to own or possess adequate rights to use such Intellectual
Property would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Since the date that is one year prior to the Closing Date, the Company and its Subsidiaries have not received any written notice of any
claim of infringement or other violation of Intellectual Property rights of any third Person, which infringement or other violation, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
Except as would not be, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, (i) there are no pending, or to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened judicial proceedings or interference proceedings
challenging the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s rights in or to or the validity of the scope of any of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ owned Intellectual Property; and (ii) to the Knowledge of the Company, no other entity
or individual has any right or claim in any of the Company’s or any of its Subsidiary’s owned Intellectual Property by virtue of any contract, license or other agreement entered into between such entity or individual and the Company or any
Subsidiary or by any non-contractual obligation, other than by written licenses or other agreements granted or entered into by the Company or any Subsidiary. Since the date that is one year prior to the
Closing Date, the Company has not received any written notice of any claim challenging the rights of the Company or its Subsidiaries in or to any Intellectual Property owned or exclusively licensed by the Company or any Subsidiary which claim, if
the subject of an unfavorable decision, would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. 

  
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 Section 5.18. Environmental Compliance. Since
December 31, 2021, (i) the Company and its Subsidiaries are in material compliance with all Environmental Laws and all Material Permits issued under Environmental Laws (collectively, the “Environmental Permits”);
(ii) there has been no release of any Hazardous Materials at, in, on or under any Leased Real Property or in connection with the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries operations off-site of the Leased
Real Property; (iii) none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is subject to and has not received any Governmental Order relating to any non-compliance with Environmental Laws or Environmental
Permits by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the release, investigation, sampling, monitoring, treatment, remediation, removal or cleanup of Hazardous Materials; and (iv) no Action is pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company,
threatened and no investigation is pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened with respect to the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ compliance with or liability under Environmental Law or related to a release of Hazardous
Materials, except, in the case of any of clauses (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) above, for any such failure to comply or failure to receive required permits, licenses, other approvals or non-compliance or
liability as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

Section 5.19. Material Contracts. Except as set forth in the Commission Documents, the descriptions in
the Commission Documents of the material Contracts therein described present fairly in all material respects the information required to be shown, and there are no material Contracts of a character required to be described in the Commission
Documents or to be filed as exhibits thereto which are not described or filed as required; all material Contracts between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and third parties expressly referenced in the Commission Documents are legal, valid
and binding obligations of the Company or one or more of its Subsidiaries, enforceable in accordance with their respective terms, except to the extent enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar
laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general equitable principles, and except where the failure of any such Contract to be enforceable in accordance with its terms would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 Section 5.20. Transactions With
Affiliates. Except as set forth in the Commission Documents, none of the officers or directors of the Company and, to the Knowledge of the Company, none of the Company’s stockholders, the officers or directors of any stockholder of the
Company who is the beneficial owner of more than five percent (5%) of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, or any immediate family member or Affiliate of any of the foregoing, has either directly or indirectly any material interest in, or is a
party to, any transaction that is required to be disclosed as a related party transaction pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Act. 

Section 5.21. Employees; Labor Laws. No material labor dispute with the employees of the
Company exists, except as described in the Commission Documents, or, to the Knowledge of the Company, is imminent; and the Company is not aware of any existing, threatened or imminent labor disturbance by the employees of any of its principal
suppliers, manufacturers or contractors that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation of or has received notice of any violation with respect to any federal or state law
relating to discrimination in the hiring, promotion or pay of employees, nor any applicable federal or state wage and hour laws, nor any state law precluding the denial of credit due to the neighborhood in which a property is situated, the violation
of any of which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. No employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or was represented by a labor union, works council, trade union, industrial


  
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organization, or similar representative of employees with respect to employment with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is or was a party
to, subject to, or bound by a collective bargaining agreement, collective agreement, workplace agreement or any other material Contract with a labor union, works council, trade union, industrial organization, or similar representative of employees.
There are no strikes, lockouts or work stoppages existing or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened, against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to any employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any other
individuals who have provided services with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

Section 5.22. Use of Proceeds. The proceeds from the sale of the Shares by the Company to Investor
shall be used by the Company and its Subsidiaries in the manner as will be set forth in the Prospectus included in any Registration Statement (and any post-effective amendment thereto) and any Prospectus Supplement thereto filed pursuant to the
Registration Rights Agreement. 
 Section 5.23. Investment Company Act Status. The Company is not,
and as a result of the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents and the application of the proceeds from the sale of the Shares as will be set forth in the Prospectus included in any Registration Statement (and any
post-effective amendment thereto) and any Prospectus Supplement thereto filed pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement the Company will not be required to register as an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment
Company Act of 1940, as amended. 
 Section 5.24. ERISA. The Company has made all required material
contributions and has no liability to each employee benefit plan maintained, established or sponsored by the Company, or which the Company participates in or contributes to, which is subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as
amended (“ERISA”), and has made all required material contributions and has no material liability to each other material bonus, commission, severance, equity, phantom equity, change in control, retention bonus, deferred
compensation, paid time off, health and welfare, and/or fringe benefit plan, program, agreement, or arrangement sponsored, maintained, or contributed to by the Company, other than liability for health plan continuation coverage described in Part 6
of Title I(B) of ERISA, and has complied in all material respects with all applicable laws for any such employee benefit plan. There is no material action, claim, suit, proceeding, demand, investigation, or audit pending, or to the Company’s
Knowledge, threatened, with respect to any employee benefit plan described in the immediately preceding sentence (except for routine claims for benefits) or that relates to the Company’s employment practices. The Company and its Affiliates do
not maintain, sponsor, or contribute to any “multiemployer plan,” as defined in Section 3(37) of ERISA, any “multiple employer plan” as defined in Section 413 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
“Code”), any “multiple employer welfare arrangement” as defined in Section 3(40) of ERISA, any “defined benefit pension plan” as defined in Section 3(35) of ERISA, or any plan that provides
medical insurance or life insurance benefits to terminated employees or retirees other than as required under Section 4980B of the Code. 

  
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 Section 5.25. Taxes. The Company and each of its
Subsidiaries has filed all federal, state, local and foreign tax returns required to be filed through the date of this Agreement or have requested extensions thereof (except where the failure to file would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect) and have paid all taxes required to be paid thereon (except for cases in which the failure to file or pay would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, or, except as
currently being contested in good faith and for which reserves required by GAAP have been created in the financial statements of the Company), and no tax deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which have
had a Material Adverse Effect, nor does the Company have any notice or Knowledge of any tax deficiency which could reasonably be expected to be determined adversely to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and which would reasonably be expected to
have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 Section 5.26. Insurance. The Company and the Subsidiaries are
insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged, including, but not limited to,
directors and officers insurance coverage. The Company has no reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be
necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost. 
 Section 5.27. Exemption from
Registration. Subject to, and in reliance on, the representations, warranties and covenants made herein by the Investor, the offer and sale of the Securities by the Company to the Investor in accordance with the terms and conditions of this
Agreement is exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) and Rule 506(b) of Regulation D; provided, however, that at the request of and with the express agreement of the
Investor (including, without limitation, the representations, warranties and covenants of Investor set forth in Sections 4.10 through 4.13), the Securities to be issued from and after Commencement to or for the benefit of the Investor pursuant to
this Agreement shall be issued to the Investor or its designee only as DWAC Shares and will not bear legends noting restrictions as to resale of such securities under federal or state securities laws, nor will any such securities be subject to stop
transfer instructions. 
 Section 5.28. No General Solicitation or Advertising. Neither the Company,
nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf, has engaged in any form of general solicitation or general advertising (within the meaning of Regulation D) in connection with the offer or sale of the
Securities. 
 Section 5.29. No Integrated Offering. None of the Company or any of its Affiliates,
nor any Person acting on their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would require registration of the offer, issuance and sale by the
Company to the Investor of any of the Securities under the Securities Act, whether through integration with prior offerings or otherwise, or cause this offering of the Securities to require approval of stockholders of the Company under any
applicable stockholder approval provisions, including, without limitation, under the rules and regulations of the Trading Market. None of the Company, its Subsidiaries, their Affiliates nor any Person acting on their behalf will take any action or
steps referred to in the preceding sentence that would require registration of the offer, issuance and sale by the Company to the Investor of any of the Securities under the Securities Act or cause the offering of any of the Securities to be
integrated with any other offering of securities of the Company. 

  
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 Section 5.30. Dilutive Effect. The Company is aware
and acknowledges that issuance of the Securities could cause dilution to existing stockholders and could significantly increase the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock. The Company further acknowledges that its obligation to issue the
Commitment Shares and to issue the Shares pursuant to the terms of a VWAP Purchase Notice and pursuant to the terms of an Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable) in accordance with this Agreement is, in each case, absolute and unconditional
regardless of the dilutive effect that such issuance may have on the ownership interests of other stockholders of the Company. 

Section 5.31. Manipulation of Price. Neither the Company nor any of its officers, directors or
Affiliates has, and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no Person acting on their behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed or intended to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any
security of the Company, or which caused or resulted in, or which would in the future reasonably be expected to cause or result in, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company, in each case to facilitate the sale or
resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase
any other securities of the Company. Neither the Company nor any of its officers, directors or Affiliates will during the term of this Agreement, and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no Person acting on their behalf will during the term of this
Agreement, take any of the actions referred to in the immediately preceding sentence. 
 Section 5.32.
Securities Act. The Company has complied and shall comply with all applicable federal and state securities laws in connection with the offer, issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder, including, without limitation, the applicable
requirements of the Securities Act. Each Registration Statement, upon filing with the Commission and at the time it is declared effective by the Commission, shall satisfy all of the requirements of the Securities Act to register the resale of the
Registrable Securities included therein by the Investor in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement on a delayed or continuous basis under Rule 415 under the Securities Act at then-prevailing market prices, and not fixed prices. The Company
is not currently, and has not been since June 30, 2021, an issuer identified in, or subject to, Rule 144(i). The Company has filed current “Form 10 information” (as defined in Rule 144(i)(3) under the Securities Act) with the
Commission on July 1, 2021 reflecting its status as an entity that is not a shell company. 
 Section 5.33.
Listing and Maintenance Requirements; DTC Eligibility. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its Knowledge is likely to have the
effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act, nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration. The Company has not received notice from the
Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, from such Eligible Market) to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of the Trading Market (or of such Eligible
Market, as applicable). The Company is in compliance with all applicable listing and maintenance requirements of the Trading Market. The Common Stock may be issued and transferred electronically to third parties via DTC through its
Deposit/Withdrawal at Custodian (“DWAC”) delivery system. The Company has not received notice from DTC to the effect that a suspension of, or restriction on, accepting additional deposits of the Common Stock, electronic
trading or book-entry services by DTC with respect to the Common Stock is being imposed or is contemplated. 

  
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 Section 5.34. Application of Takeover Protections.
The Company and its Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar
anti-takeover provision under the Company’s Charter or the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended, that is or could become applicable to the Investor as a result of the Investor and the Company fulfilling their respective obligations or
exercising their respective rights under the Transaction Documents (as applicable), including, without limitation, as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Investor’s ownership of the Securities. 

Section 5.35. No Unlawful Payments. During the past three (3) years, and except where the failure
to be, or to have been, in compliance with such Laws would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, (1) there has been no action taken by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or, to the
Knowledge of the Company, any officer, director, manager, employee, agent or representative of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, in each case, acting on behalf of the Company or one of its Subsidiaries, in violation of any applicable
Anti-Corruption Law, (2) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has been convicted of violating any Anti-Corruption Laws or subjected to any investigation by a Governmental Authority for violation of any applicable Anti-Corruption
Laws, nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, has any investigation been threatened or pending, (3) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has conducted or initiated any internal investigation or made a voluntary, directed, or
involuntary disclosure to any Governmental Authority regarding any alleged act or omission arising under or relating to any noncompliance with any Anti-Corruption Law, (4) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written
notice, inquiry or citation from a Governmental Authority for any actual or potential noncompliance with any applicable Anti-Corruption Law, nor has any such notice, inquiry or citation been threatened or is pending and (5) the Company and its
Subsidiaries have instituted and maintained policies and procedures reasonably designed to ensure compliance with Anti-Corruption Laws. No officer, director, manager or, to the Knowledge of the Company, employee, agent or member of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries is a foreign official within the meaning of the FCPA. 
 Section 5.36. International
Trade. 
 (a) The Company and its Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the Company, each officer, director, manager, employee,
agent or representative of the Company and its Subsidiaries, in each case, acting on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, is, and has been for the past five (5) years, in compliance in all material respects with all applicable
International Trade Laws. 
 (b) Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has, and for the past five (5) years has had, all required
licenses, license exemptions and other material consents, notices, waivers, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations, classifications and filings required for the export, re-export,
transfer and import of products, technical data, and services in accordance with the International Trade Laws and any permit obtained thereunder, including in relation to the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ launch activities and employment
of any foreign persons. 

  
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 (c) None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a Restricted Party and no agency of
the United States Government has denied, suspended, or otherwise abridged the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ export or import privileges. None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has been subject to any economic sanctions
imposed by the United States, including, but not limited to, those enforced by the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control and the U.S. Department of State. None of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries contracts
with, retains or employs any Person from, located, organized, or ordinarily resident in a Sanctioned Country in violation of International Trade Laws. 

(d) During the past five (5) years and except as disclosed in the Commission Documents or not required to be disclosed in the Commission
Documents, none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has (i) been subjected to any investigation by a Governmental Authority for any past or present violation of any applicable International Trade Laws, (ii) conducted or initiated any
internal investigation or made a voluntary, directed, or involuntary disclosure to any Governmental Authority regarding any alleged act or omission arising under or relating to any noncompliance with any International Trade Laws or
(iii) received any written notice or citation from a Governmental Authority for any actual or potential noncompliance with any applicable International Trade Law. 

Section 5.37. Government Contracts. 

(a) With respect to each Government Contract and Government Bid, except as set forth in the Commission Documents, since December 31,
2021, (i) the Company and its Subsidiaries have complied in all material respects with all applicable Laws and contractual requirements, (ii) none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is in material violation or breach of any
applicable Laws or contractual requirements governing any Government Contract or Government Bid, (iii) the representations, certifications, and warranties made by the Company or one of its Subsidiaries in connection with the Government
Contracts and Government Bids were accurate in all material respects as of their effective date, and the Company and its Subsidiaries have complied in all material respects with all such representations, certifications, and warranties, and
(iv) there has not existed any event, condition or omission that would constitute a breach or default, whether by lapse of time or notice or both, by any other Person under any Government Contract. 

  
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 (b) Except as disclosed in the Commission Documents, since December 31, 2021, (i) none
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received written notice of any pending or threatened investigation, prosecution, or civil or administrative proceeding in connection with any Government Contract or Government Bid, and, to the
Knowledge of the Company, no such investigation, prosecution, or civil or administrative proceeding or settlement negotiation, or internal investigation is pending or is contemplated by any Governmental Authority; (ii) there have been no
document requests, subpoenas, or search warrants involving any of the officers, directors, employees, or agents of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in connection with any Government Contract or Government Bid; (iii) no Government Contract
has been terminated for default or convenience, (iv) none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received any written termination for default notice, cure notice, or show-cause notice from any Governmental Authority or any prime
contractor or higher-tier subcontractor that remains unresolved; and (v) none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received notice of any disallowance of costs under any Government Contract and/or assessment of any penalty (whether
actual or threatened), nor received in writing any material negative findings in any audit or investigation performed by any Governmental Authority which, in each case, remains unresolved or in dispute. 

(c) Except as disclosed in the Commission Documents, since December 31, 2021, no Governmental Authority nor any prime contractor,
subcontractor or vendor has asserted in writing any claim or initiated any dispute proceeding against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries relating to any Government Contract or Government Bid, nor is the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
asserting in writing any claim or initiating any dispute proceeding directly or indirectly against any such party concerning any Government Contract or Government Bid. 

(d) Except as disclosed in the Commission Documents, since December 31, 2021, none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has received
any written notice from a Governmental Authority regarding any alleged violation or potential violation by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or one of their respective subcontractors of the Civil False Claims Act, Procurement Integrity Act,
Anti-Kickback Act, Truth in Negotiations Act, Service Contract Act, Buy American Act, or Trade Agreements Act that remains unresolved. 

Section 5.38. IT Systems. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, (i) the IT Systems are operational and adequate and sufficient for the current needs of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, (ii) to the Knowledge of the Company, there have been no
unauthorized intrusions or breaches of the security, or material failures of the IT Systems currently used to provide material products to customers in the conduct of their business as it is currently conducted during the two-year period preceding the date hereof, (iii) the Company has in place adequate and commercially reasonable security controls and backup and disaster recovery plans and procedures in place, and (iv) to
the Knowledge of the Company, there have been no unauthorized intrusions or breaches of the IT Systems since December 31, 2021 that, pursuant to any legal requirement, would require the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to notify customers or
employees of such breach or intrusion. 
 Section 5.39. Compliance With Data Security Requirements.
To the Knowledge of the Company, in connection with its collection, storage, transfer (including without limitation, any transfer across national borders) and/or use of any information or Protected Data, the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have
been, in material compliance with all Privacy and Security 

  
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Requirements. The Company and its Subsidiaries have commercially reasonable physical, technical, organizational and administrative security measures and policies in place to protect the
confidentiality, integrity and availability of all systems, information and Protected Data maintained and collected by the Company or its Subsidiaries or on their behalf. Except as set forth in the Commission Documents, none of the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries has experienced any security incident that has compromised the integrity or availability of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ network, systems, data or information. The Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been, to
the Company’s Knowledge, in compliance in all material respects with all Privacy and Security Requirements relating to data loss, theft and breach of security notification obligations. None of the Company or its Subsidiaries has received, or
provided, any written notice of any claims, actions, investigations, inquiries or alleged violations of Privacy and Security Requirements or any other security incidents since December 31, 2021. 

Section 5.40. No Disqualification Events. None of the Company, any of its predecessors, any affiliated
issuer, any director, executive officer, other officer of the Company participating in the offering contemplated hereby, any beneficial owner of 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding voting equity securities, calculated on the basis of
voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) connected with the Company in any capacity at the time of sale (each, an “Issuer Covered Person”) is subject to any of the
“Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3) under the
Securities Act. The Company has exercised reasonable care to determine whether any Issuer Covered Person is subject to a Disqualification Event. 

Section 5.41. Market Capitalization. As of the date of this Agreement, the aggregate market
value of the outstanding voting and non-voting common equity (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act) of the Company held by persons other than Affiliates of the Company (pursuant to Rule 144, those that
directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, control, or are controlled by, or are under common control with, the Company) (the “Non-Affiliate Shares”), was equal to
approximately $474.2 million (calculated by multiplying (i) the highest price at which the common equity of the Company closed on the Trading Market within 60 days of the date of this Agreement by (ii) the number of Non-Affiliate Shares). 
 Section 5.42. Broker/Dealer Relationships; FINRA
Information. Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries (i) is required to register as a “broker” or “dealer” in accordance with the provisions of the Exchange Act or (ii) directly or indirectly
through one or more intermediaries, controls or is a “person associated with a member” or “associated person of a member” (within the meaning set forth in the FINRA Manual). All of the information provided to the Investor, BRS or
to their counsel, specifically for use by BRS in connection with the FINRA Filing (and related disclosure) with FINRA, by the Company, its counsel, its officers and directors and the holders of any securities (debt or equity) or options to acquire
any securities of the Company in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents is true, complete, correct and compliant with FINRA’s rules and any letters, filings or other supplemental information provided to FINRA
pursuant to FINRA Rules. 

  
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 Section 5.43. Margin Rules. Neither the
issuance, sale and delivery of the Shares nor the application of the proceeds thereof by the Company as described in the Commission Documents will violate Regulation T, U or X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any other
regulation of such Board of Governors. 
 Section 5.44. Acknowledgement Regarding Relationship with Investor
and BRS. The Company acknowledges and agrees, to the fullest extent permitted by Law, that the Investor is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s-length purchaser with respect to this
Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement and the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, and BRS is acting as a representative of the Investor in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, and of
no other party, including the Company. The Company further acknowledges that while the Investor will be deemed to be a statutory “underwriter” with respect to certain of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents in
accordance with interpretive positions of the Staff of the Commission, the Investor is a “trader” that is not required to register with the Commission as a broker-dealer under Section 15(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The
Company further acknowledges that the Investor and its representatives are not acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement and the
transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, and any advice given by the Investor or any of its representatives (including BRS) or agents in connection therewith is merely incidental to the Investor’s acquisition of the Securities.
The Company and Investor understand and acknowledge that employees of BRS may discuss market color, VWAP Purchase Notice and Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice timing and parameter considerations and other related capital markets considerations with the
Company in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby, in all cases on behalf of the Investor. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Investor has not made and does not make any representations or
warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents other than those specifically set forth in Article IV. 

Section 5.45. Acknowledgement Regarding Investor’s Affiliate
Relationships. Affiliates of the Investor, including BRS, engage in a wide range of activities for their own accounts and the accounts of customers, including corporate finance, mergers and acquisitions, merchant banking, equity and fixed
income sales, trading and research, derivatives, foreign exchange, futures, asset management, custody, clearance and securities lending. In the course of their respective business, Affiliates of the Investor may, directly or indirectly, hold long or
short positions, trade and otherwise conduct such activities in or with respect to debt or equity securities or bank debt of, or derivative products relating to, the Company. Any such position will be created, and maintained, independently of the
position the Investor takes in the Company. In addition, at any given time Affiliates of the Investor, including BRS, may have been or in the future may be engaged by one or more entities that may be competitors with, or otherwise adverse to, the
Company in matters unrelated to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, and Affiliates of the Investor, including BRS may have or may in the future provide investment banking or other services to the Company in matters unrelated
to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Activities of any of the Investor’s Affiliates performed on behalf of the Company may give rise to actual or apparent conflicts of interest given the Investor’s potentially
competing interests with those of the Company. The Company expressly acknowledges the benefits it receives from the Investor’s participation in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, on the one hand, and the Investor’s
Affiliates’ activities, if any, on behalf of the Company unrelated to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, on the 

  
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other hand, and understands the conflict or potential conflict of interest that may arise in this regard, and has consulted with such independent advisors as it deems appropriate in order to
understand and assess the risks associated with these potential conflicts of interest. Consistent with applicable legal and regulatory requirements, applicable Affiliates of the Investor have adopted policies and procedures to establish and maintain
the independence of their research departments and personnel from their investment banking groups and the Investor. As a result, research analysts employed by Affiliates of the Investor may hold views, make statements or investment recommendations
or publish research reports with respect to the Company or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents that differ from the views of the Investor. 

ARTICLE VI 
 ADDITIONAL
COVENANTS 
 The Company covenants with the Investor, and the Investor covenants with the Company, as follows, which covenants of one
party are for the benefit of the other party, during the Investment Period (and with respect to the Company, for the period following the termination of this Agreement specified in Section 8.3 pursuant to and in accordance with
Section 8.3): 
 Section 6.1. Securities Compliance. The Company shall notify the Commission and
the Trading Market, if and as applicable, in accordance with their respective rules and regulations, of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, and shall take all reasonably necessary action, undertake all reasonable proceedings
and obtain all registrations, permits, consents and approvals for the legal and valid issuance of the Securities to the Investor in accordance with the terms of the Transaction Documents, as applicable. 

Section 6.2. Reservation of Common Stock. The Company has available and the Company shall reserve and
keep available at all times, free of preemptive and other similar rights of stockholders, the requisite aggregate number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock to enable the Company to timely effect (i) the issuance and delivery of
all Initial Commitment Shares to be issued and delivered to the Investor under Section 10.1(ii)(a) hereof within the time period specified in Section 10.1(ii)(a) hereof, (ii) the issuance and delivery of all Additional Commitment
Shares to be issued and delivered to the Investor under Section 10.1(ii)(b) hereof within the time periods specified in Section 10.1(ii)(b) hereof, (iii) the issuance, sale and delivery of all Shares to be issued, sold and delivered
in respect of each VWAP Purchase effected under this Agreement, in the case of this clause (iii), at least prior to the delivery by the Company to the Investor of the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice in connection with such VWAP Purchase, and
(iv) the issuance, sale and delivery of all Shares to be issued, sold and delivered in respect of each Intraday VWAP Purchase effected under this Agreement, in the case of this clause (iv), at least prior to the delivery by the Company to the
Investor of the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice in connection with such Intraday VWAP Purchase. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, (a) as of the date of this Agreement, the Company has reserved, out of its authorized and
unissued Common Stock, 359,098 shares of Common Stock solely for the purpose of issuing all of the Initial Commitment Shares under this Agreement to be issued and delivered to the Investor under Section 10.1(ii)(a) hereof within the time period
specified in Section 10.1(ii)(a) hereof, and (b) as of the date of this Agreement the Company has reserved, and as of the Commencement Date shall have continued to reserve, out of its authorized and unissued Common Stock, (1) 359,097
shares of Common Stock solely for the purpose of issuing Additional 

  
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Commitment Shares to be issued and delivered to the Investor under Section 10.1(ii)(b) hereof in such amounts and within the time periods specified in Section 10.1(ii)(b) hereof, and
(2) 52,341,455 shares of Common Stock solely for the purpose of issuing Shares pursuant to one or more VWAP Purchases and pursuant to one or more Intraday VWAP Purchases (as applicable) that may be effected by the Company, in its sole discretion,
from time to time from and after the Commencement Date under this Agreement. The number of shares of Common Stock so reserved for the purpose of effecting issuances of Shares pursuant to VWAP Purchases and pursuant to Intraday VWAP Purchases under
this Agreement (as applicable) may be increased from time to time by the Company from and after the Commencement Date, and such number of reserved shares may be reduced from and after the Commencement Date only by the number of Shares actually
issued, sold and delivered to the Investor pursuant to any VWAP Purchase and any Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) effected from and after the Commencement Date pursuant to this Agreement. 

Section 6.3. Registration and Listing. The Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to
cause the Common Stock to continue to be registered as a class of securities under Sections 12(b) of the Exchange Act, and to comply with its reporting and filing obligations under the Exchange Act, and shall not take any action or file any document
(whether or not permitted by the Securities Act or the Exchange Act) to terminate or suspend such registration or to terminate or suspend its reporting and filing obligations under the Exchange Act or Securities Act, except as permitted herein. The
Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to continue the listing and trading of its Common Stock and the listing of the Securities purchased or acquired by the Investor hereunder on the Trading Market (or another Eligible Market) and to
comply with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the rules and regulations of the Trading Market (or other Eligible Market, as applicable). The Company shall not take any action which could be reasonably expected to
result in the delisting or suspension of the Common Stock on the Trading Market (or other Eligible Market, as applicable). If the Company receives any final and non-appealable notice that the listing or
quotation of the Common Stock on the Trading Market (or other Eligible Market, as applicable) shall be terminated on a date certain, the Company shall promptly (and in any case within 48 hours) notify the Investor of such fact in writing and shall
use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Common Stock to be listed or quoted on another Eligible Market. 
 Section 6.4.
Compliance with Laws. 
 (i) During the Investment Period, the Company (a) shall comply, and cause each Subsidiary to
comply, with all laws, rules, regulations and orders applicable to the business and operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect and (b) with applicable provisions of the Securities Act and
the Exchange Act, including Regulation M thereunder, applicable state securities or “Blue Sky” laws (but only to the extent set forth in Section 6.11), and applicable listing rules of the Trading Market (or Eligible Market, as
applicable), except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, prohibit or otherwise interfere with the ability of the Company to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement in any material respect or for Investor to conduct
resales of Securities under the Registration Statement in any material respect. Without limiting the foregoing, neither the Company, nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor to the Knowledge of the Company, any of their respective directors, officers,
agents, employees or any other Persons acting on their behalf shall, in connection with 

  
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the operation of the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ respective businesses, (1) use any corporate funds for unlawful contributions, payments, gifts or entertainment or to make any
unlawful expenditures relating to political activity to government officials, candidates or members of political parties or organizations, (2) pay, accept or receive any unlawful contributions, payments, expenditures or gifts, or
(3) violate or operate in noncompliance with any export restrictions, anti-boycott regulations, embargo regulations or other applicable domestic or foreign laws and regulations, including, without limitation, the Anti-Corruption Laws and the
International Trade Laws. 
 (ii) The Investor shall comply with all laws, rules, regulations and orders applicable to the performance by it
of its obligations under this Agreement and its investment in the Securities, except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, prohibit or otherwise interfere with the ability of the Investor to enter into and perform its obligations under
this Agreement in any material respect. Without limiting the foregoing, the Investor shall comply with all applicable provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including Regulation M thereunder, the rules and regulations of FINRA, and
all applicable state securities or “Blue Sky” laws. 
 Section 6.5. Keeping of Records and Books of Account; Due
Diligence. 
 (i) The Investor and the Company shall each maintain records showing the remaining Total Commitment, the remaining
Aggregate Limit, the dates and VWAP Purchase Share Amount for each VWAP Purchase, and the dates and Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount for each Intraday VWAP Purchase. 

(ii) Subject to the requirements of Section 6.12, from time to time from and after the Closing Date, the Company shall make available for
inspection and review by the Investor during normal business hours and after reasonable notice, which shall not be less than 48 hours, customary documentation reasonably requested by the Investor and/or its appointed counsel or advisors to conduct
due diligence; provided, however, that after the Closing Date, the Investor’s continued due diligence shall not be a condition precedent to the Commencement or to the Investor’s obligation to accept each VWAP Purchase Notice
and each Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice timely delivered by the Company to the Investor in accordance with this Agreement. 

Section 6.6. No Frustration; No Variable Rate Transactions. 

(i) No Frustration. The Company shall not enter into, announce or recommend to its stockholders any agreement, plan,
arrangement or transaction in or of which the terms thereof would restrict, materially delay, conflict with or impair the ability or right of the Company to perform its obligations under the Transaction Documents to which it is a party, including,
without limitation, the obligation of the Company to deliver (i) the Initial Commitment Shares to the Investor not later than 4:00 p.m. (New York time) on the Trading Day immediately following the Closing Date in accordance with
Section 10.1(ii)(a), (ii) the Additional Commitment Shares to be issued and delivered to the Investor under Section 10.1(ii)(b) hereof in such amounts and within the time periods specified in Section 10.1(ii)(b) hereof, and
(iii) the Shares to the Investor in respect of each VWAP Purchase and each Intraday VWAP Purchase effected by the Company, in each case not later than the applicable Purchase Share Delivery Date with respect to such VWAP Purchase and not later
than the applicable Purchase Share Delivery Date with respect to such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) in accordance with Section 3.3. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing in this Section 6.6(i) shall in any way limit the
Company’s right to terminate this Agreement in accordance with Section 8.2 (subject in all cases to Section 8.3). 

  
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 (ii) No Variable Rate Transactions. The Company shall not effect or
enter into an agreement to effect any issuance by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents (or a combination of units thereof) involving a Variable Rate Transaction, other than in connection with an Exempt
Issuance. The Investor shall be entitled to seek injunctive relief against the Company and its Subsidiaries to preclude any such issuance, which remedy shall be in addition to any right to collect damages, without the necessity of showing economic
loss and without any bond or other security being required. 
 Section 6.7. Corporate Existence. The
Company shall take all steps necessary to preserve and continue the corporate existence of the Company; provided, however, that, except as provided in Section 6.8, nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed to prohibit the Company
from engaging in any Fundamental Transaction with another Person. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing in this Section 6.7 shall in any way limit the Company’s right to terminate this Agreement in accordance with Section 8.2 (subject
in all cases to Section 8.3). 
 Section 6.8. Fundamental Transaction. If a VWAP Purchase
Notice or an Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice has been delivered to the Investor and the transactions contemplated therein have not yet been fully settled in accordance with Section 3.3 of this Agreement, the Company shall not effect any
Fundamental Transaction until the expiration of five (5) Trading Days following the date of full settlement thereof and the issuance to the Investor of all of the Shares that are issuable to the Investor pursuant to the VWAP Purchase or
Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) to which such VWAP Purchase Notice or Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable) relates. 

Section 6.9. Selling Restrictions. 

(i) Except as expressly set forth below, the Investor covenants that from and after the Closing Date through and including the Trading Day
next following the expiration or termination of this Agreement as provided in Article VIII (the “Restricted Period”), none of the Investor, its sole member, any of their respective officers, or any entity managed or
controlled by the Investor or its sole member (collectively, the “Restricted Persons” and each of the foregoing is referred to herein as a “Restricted Person”) shall, directly or indirectly,
(i) engage in any Short Sales of the Common Stock or (ii) hedging transaction, which establishes a net short position with respect to the Common Stock, with respect to each of clauses (i) and (ii) hereof, either for its own account or
for the account of any other Restricted Person. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is expressly understood and agreed that nothing contained herein shall (without implication that the contrary would otherwise be true) prohibit any Restricted
Person during the Restricted Period from: (1) selling “long” (as defined under Rule 200 promulgated under Regulation SHO) the Securities; or (2) selling a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of Shares that
the Investor is unconditionally obligated to purchase under any pending VWAP Purchase Notice or any pending Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable), but has not yet received from the Company or its transfer agent pursuant to this
Agreement, so long as (X) the Investor (or its Broker-Dealer, as applicable) delivers the Shares purchased pursuant to such pending VWAP 

  
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Purchase Notice and the Shares purchased pursuant to such pending Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable) to the purchaser thereof promptly upon the Investor’s receipt of such Shares
from the Company in accordance with Section 3.3 of this Agreement and (Y) neither the Company or its transfer agent shall have failed for any reason to deliver such Shares to the Investor or its Broker-Dealer so that such Shares are timely
received by the Investor as DWAC Shares on the applicable Purchase Share Delivery Date for such VWAP Purchase and on the applicable Purchase Share Delivery Date for such Intraday VWAP Purchases (as applicable) in accordance with Section 3.3 of
this Agreement. 
 (ii) In addition to the foregoing, in connection with any sale of Securities (including any sale permitted by paragraph
(i) above), the Investor shall comply in all respects with all applicable laws, rules, regulations and orders, including, without limitation, the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act. 

Section 6.10. Effective Registration Statement. During the Investment Period, the Company shall use
its commercially reasonable efforts to maintain the continuous effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement and each New Registration Statement filed with the Commission under the Securities Act for the applicable Registration Period pursuant
to and in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement. 
 Section 6.11. Blue Sky. The Company
shall take such action, if any, as is necessary by the Company in order to obtain an exemption for or to qualify the Securities for sale by the Company to the Investor pursuant to the Transaction Documents, and at the request of the Investor, the
subsequent resale of Registrable Securities by the Investor, in each case, under applicable state securities or “Blue Sky” laws and shall provide evidence of any such action so taken to the Investor from time to time following the Closing
Date; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required in connection therewith or as a condition thereto to (x) qualify to do business in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to qualify but for this
Section 6.11, (y) subject itself to general taxation in any such jurisdiction, or (z) file a general consent to service of process in any such jurisdiction. 

Section 6.12. Non-Public Information. Neither the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries, nor any of their respective directors, officers, employees or agents shall disclose any material non-public information about the Company to the Investor, unless a simultaneous public
announcement thereof is made by the Company in the manner contemplated by Regulation FD. In the event of a breach of the foregoing covenant by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective directors, officers, employees and
agents (as determined in the reasonable good faith judgment of the Investor), (i) the Investor shall promptly provide written notice of such breach to the Company and (ii) after such written notice has been provided to the Company and, provided
that the Company shall have failed to demonstrate to the Investor in writing within two (2) Trading Days that such information does not constitute material, non-public information or the Company shall
have failed to publicly disclose such material, non-public information within two (2) Trading Days following demand therefor by the Investor, in addition to any other remedy provided herein or in the
other Transaction Documents, if the Investor is holding any Shares at the time of the disclosure of material, non-public information, the Investor shall have the right to make a public disclosure, in the form
of a press release, public advertisement or otherwise, of such material, non-public information without the prior approval by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of


  
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their respective directors, officers, employees or agents; provided that such press release, public advertising or other public disclosure shall be first provided to the Company prior to its
public release. The Investor shall not have any liability to the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective directors, officers, employees, stockholders or agents, for any such disclosure made in good faith. 

Section 6.13. Broker-Dealer. The Investor shall use one or more broker-dealers (one of which is BRS,
an Affiliate of the Investor) to effectuate all sales, if any, of the Securities that it may purchase or otherwise acquire from the Company pursuant to the Transaction Documents, as applicable, which (or whom) shall be a DTC participant
(collectively, the “Broker-Dealer”). The Investor shall, from time to time, provide the Company and the Company’s transfer agent with all information regarding the Broker-Dealer reasonably requested by the Company. The
Investor shall be solely responsible for all fees and commissions of the Broker-Dealer (if any), which shall not exceed customary brokerage fees and commissions and shall be responsible for designating only a DTC participant eligible to receive DWAC
Shares. 
 Section 6.14. FINRA Filing. The Company shall assist the Investor and BRS with BRS’
preparation and filing with FINRA’s Corporate Financing Department via the Public Offering System of all documents and information required to be filed with FINRA pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110 with regard to the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement (the “FINRA Filing”). In connection therewith, on or prior to the date the FINRA Filing is first made by BRS with FINRA, the Company shall pay to FINRA by wire transfer of immediately available funds the applicable
filing fee with respect to the FINRA Filing, and the Company shall be solely responsible for payment of such fee. The parties hereby agree to provide each other and BRS all requisite information and otherwise to assist each other and BRS in a
timely fashion in order for BRS to complete the preparation and submission of the FINRA Filing in accordance with this Section 6.14 and to assist BRS in promptly responding to any inquiries or requests from FINRA or its staff. Each party hereto
shall (a) promptly notify the other party and BRS of any communication to that party or its Affiliates from FINRA, including, without limitation, any request from FINRA or its staff for amendments or supplements to or additional information in
respect of the FINRA Filing and permit the other party and BRS to review in advance any proposed written communication to FINRA and (b) furnish the other party and BRS with copies of all written correspondence, filings and communications
between them and their affiliates and their respective representatives and advisors, on the one hand, and FINRA or members of its staff, on the other hand, with respect to this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement or the transactions
contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each of the parties hereto agrees to use its commercially reasonable efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and to do, or cause to be done, and to assist and cooperate with the other party and
BRS in doing, all things necessary, proper or advisable in order for BRS to obtain as promptly as practicable written confirmation from FINRA to the effect that FINRA’s Corporate Financing Department has determined not to raise any objection
with respect to the fairness and reasonableness of the terms of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Commencement Date shall not occur, unless and until
BRS shall have received written confirmation from FINRA to the effect that FINRA’s Corporate Financing Department has determined not to raise any objection with respect to the fairness and reasonableness of the terms of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement. 

  
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 Section 6.15. QIU. If the Investor or any of its
Affiliates, including BRS, reasonably determines that a Qualified Independent Underwriter is required to participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents in order for such transactions to be in full compliance with the rules
and regulations of FINRA, including, without limitation, FINRA Rule 5121, each of the parties hereto shall have executed such documentation as may reasonably be required to engage a Qualified Independent Underwriter to participate in the
transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents in accordance with the rules and regulations of FINRA, including, without limitation, FINRA Rule 5121. 

Section 6.16. Disclosure Schedule. 

(i) The Company may, from time to time, update the Disclosure Schedule as may be required to satisfy the conditions set forth in
Section 7.2(i) and Section 7.3(i) (to the extent such condition set forth in Section 7.3(i) relates to the condition in Section 7.2(i) as of a specific Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time). For purposes of this
Section 6.16, any disclosure made in a schedule to the Compliance Certificate shall be deemed to be an update of the Disclosure Schedule. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, no update to the Disclosure Schedule pursuant
to this Section 6.16 shall cure any breach of a representation or warranty of the Company contained in this Agreement pursuant to Article VII prior to the update and shall not affect any of the Investor’s rights or remedies with respect
thereto. 
 (ii) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the Disclosure Schedule or in this Agreement, the information and
disclosure contained in any Schedule of the Disclosure Schedule shall be deemed to be disclosed and incorporated by reference in any other Schedule of the Disclosure Schedule as though fully set forth in such Schedule for which applicability of such
information and disclosure is readily apparent on its face. The fact that any item of information is disclosed in the Disclosure Schedule shall not be construed to mean that such information is required to be disclosed by this Agreement. Except as
expressly set forth in this Agreement, such information and the thresholds (whether based on quantity, qualitative characterization, dollar amounts or otherwise) set forth herein shall not be used as a basis for interpreting the terms
“material” or “Material Adverse Effect” or other similar terms in this Agreement. 

Section 6.17. Delivery of Compliance Certificates, Bring-Down Negative Assurance Letters and Bring-Down
Comfort Letters Upon Occurrence of Certain Events. Within three (3) Trading Days immediately following: (i) each date on which the Company files with the Commission (A) an annual report on Form
10-K under the Exchange Act, (B) a Form 10-K/A containing amended (or restated) financial information or a material amendment to a previously filed annual report on
Form 10-K, (C) a quarterly report on Form 10-Q under the Exchange Act, or (D) a current report on Form 8-K containing
amended (or restated) financial information (other than information “furnished” pursuant to Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K or to provide disclosure pursuant to Item 8.01 of Form 8-K relating to the reclassification of certain properties as discontinued operations in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144) under the Exchange Act; and (ii) the effective
date of (A) each post-effective amendment to the Initial Registration Statement, (B) each New Registration Statement and (C) each post-effective amendment to each New Registration Statement, and in any case, not more than once per
calendar quarter (each, a “Representation Date”), the Company shall (I) deliver to 

  
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the Investor a Compliance Certificate, dated the date of delivery to the Investor, (II) cause to be furnished to the Investor an opinion and negative assurance letter “bring-down”
from outside counsel to the Company, dated the date of delivery to the Investor, substantially in the form mutually agreed to by the Company and the Investor prior to the date of this Agreement, modified, as necessary, to relate to a New
Registration Statement or a post-effective amendment to the Initial Registration Statement or a New Registration Statement, and the Prospectus contained in a Registration Statement or post-effective amendment as then amended or supplemented by any
Prospectus Supplement thereto as of the date of such letter, as applicable (each, a “Bring-Down Negative Assurance Letter”) and (III) other than with respect to a Representation Date pursuant to clause (i)(C) above,
cause to be furnished to the Investor a customary “comfort letter” provided by the Accountant or a successor independent registered public accounting firm for the Company (as applicable), dated the date of delivery to the Investor,
substantially in the form, scope and substance as the information contained in the Initial Comfort Letter (to the extent such information is then applicable), stating, as of such date, the conclusions and findings of such firm with respect to the
financial information and other matters covered by the Initial Comfort Letter (to the extent such financial information or other matters are then applicable), modified, as necessary, to address such new, amended or restated financial information
contained in any of the Commission Documents referred to in clause (i) above or to relate to a New Registration Statement or a post-effective amendment to the Initial Registration Statement or a New Registration Statement, or the Prospectus
contained in a Registration Statement or post-effective amendment as then amended or supplemented by any Prospectus Supplement thereto as of the date of such letter, as applicable (each, a “Bring-Down Comfort Letter”). The
requirement to provide the documents identified in the previous sentence shall be tolled with respect to any Representation Date, if (A) the Company has given written notice to the Investor (with a copy to its counsel) in accordance with
Section 10.4, not later than one (1) Trading Day prior to the applicable Representation Date, of the Company’s decision to suspend delivery of VWAP Purchase Notices for future VWAP Purchases and delivery of Intraday VWAP Purchase
Notices for future Intraday VWAP Purchases (each, a “Future Purchase Suspension”) (it being hereby acknowledged and agreed that no Future Purchase Suspension shall limit, alter, modify, change or otherwise affect any of the
Company’s or the Investor’s rights or obligations under the Transaction Documents with respect to any pending VWAP Purchase and any pending Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) that has not been fully settled in accordance with the terms
and conditions of this Agreement, and that the parties shall fully perform their respective obligations with respect to any such pending VWAP Purchase and any pending Intraday VWAP Purchase under the Transaction Documents), and (B) such
Representation Date does not occur during the period beginning on the Trading Day immediately preceding the Purchase Date for a VWAP Purchase or an Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) and ending on the third (3rd) Trading Day following the date
of full settlement thereof and the issuance to the Investor of all of the Shares that are issuable to the Investor pursuant to such VWAP Purchase or such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), which tolling shall continue until the earlier to occur
of (1) the Trading Day immediately preceding the Purchase Date for a VWAP Purchase or an Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), which for such calendar quarter shall be considered a Representation Date, and (2) the next occurring
Representation Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company subsequently decides to deliver a VWAP Purchase Notice or an Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice following a Representation Date when a Future Purchase Suspension was in effect and did not
provide the Investor with the documents identified in clauses (I), (II) and (III) of the first sentence of this Section 6.17, then prior to the Company’s 

  
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delivery to the Investor of such VWAP Purchase Notice or such Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable) on a Purchase Date, the Company shall provide the Investor with the documents
identified in clauses (I), (II) and (III) of the first sentence of this Section 6.17, dated as of the applicable Purchase Date. 

ARTICLE VII 
 CONDITIONS
TO CLOSING, COMMENCEMENT AND PURCHASES 
 Section 7.1. Conditions Precedent to Closing. The
Closing is subject to the satisfaction of each of the conditions set forth in this Section 7.1 on the Closing Date. 
 (i)
Accuracy of the Investor’s Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties of the Investor contained in this Agreement (a) that are not qualified by “materiality” shall be true and correct in all
material respects as of the Closing Date, except to the extent such representations and warranties are as of another date, in which case, such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such other date
and (b) that are qualified by “materiality” shall be true and correct as of the Closing Date, except to the extent such representations and warranties are as of another date, in which case, such representations and warranties shall be
true and correct as of such other date. 
 (ii) Accuracy of the Company’s Representations and Warranties. The
representations and warranties of the Company contained in this Agreement (a) that are not qualified by “materiality” or “Material Adverse Effect” shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the Closing Date,
except to the extent such representations and warranties are as of another date, in which case, such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such other date and (b) that are qualified by
“materiality” or “Material Adverse Effect” shall be true and correct as of the Closing Date, except to the extent such representations and warranties are as of another date, in which case, such representations and warranties
shall be true and correct as of such other date. 
 (iii) Payment of Initial Investor Expense Reimbursement; Issuance of Initial
Commitment Shares. On or prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall have paid by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated by the Investor (or the Investor’s counsel) on or prior to the date hereof,
the Initial Investor Expense Reimbursement in accordance with Section 10.1(i), all of which Initial Investor Expense Reimbursement shall be fully earned and non-refundable as of the Closing Date,
regardless of whether the Commencement occurs or whether any VWAP Purchases or Intraday VWAP Purchases are made or settled hereunder or any subsequent termination of this Agreement. On the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver irrevocable
instructions to its transfer agent to issue to the Investor, not later than 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately following the Closing Date, a certificate or book-entry statement representing the Initial Commitment Shares in
the name of the Investor or its designee (in which case such designee name shall have been provided to the Company prior to the Closing Date), in consideration for the Investor’s execution and delivery of this Agreement. Such certificate or
book-entry statement shall be delivered to the Investor by email and by overnight courier at its address set forth in Section 10.4 hereof. For the avoidance of doubt, all of the Initial Commitment Shares shall be fully earned as of the Closing
Date, regardless of whether the Commencement occurs or whether any VWAP Purchases or Intraday VWAP Purchases are made or settled hereunder or any subsequent termination of this Agreement. 

  
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 (iv) Closing Deliverables. At the Closing, counterpart signature pages of this
Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement executed by each of the parties hereto shall be delivered as provided in Section 2.2. Simultaneously with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement, the
Investor’s counsel shall have received (a) the opinions of outside counsel to the Company, dated the Closing Date, in the forms mutually agreed to by the Company and the Investor prior to the date of this Agreement, (b) the closing
certificate from the Company, dated the Closing Date, in the form of Exhibit B hereto, and (c) a copy of the irrevocable instructions to the Company’s transfer agent regarding the issuance to the Investor or its designee of the
certificate(s) or book-entry statement(s) representing the Initial Commitment Shares pursuant to and in accordance with Section 10.1(ii)(a) hereof. 

Section 7.2. Conditions Precedent to Commencement. The right of the Company to commence delivering
VWAP Purchase Notices and Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices under this Agreement, and the obligation of the Investor to accept VWAP Purchase Notices and Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices timely delivered to the Investor by the Company under this
Agreement, are subject to the initial satisfaction, at Commencement, of each of the conditions set forth in this Section 7.2. 
 (i)
Accuracy of the Company’s Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties of the Company contained in this Agreement (a) that are not qualified by “materiality” or “Material Adverse
Effect” shall have been true and correct in all material respects when made and shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the Commencement Date with the same force and effect as if made on such date, except to the extent such
representations and warranties are as of another date, in which case, such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such other date and (b) that are qualified by “materiality” or
“Material Adverse Effect” shall have been true and correct when made and shall be true and correct as of the Commencement Date with the same force and effect as if made on such date, except to the extent such representations and warranties
are as of another date, in which case, such representations and warranties shall be true and correct as of such other date. 
 (ii)
Performance of the Company. The Company shall have performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with all covenants, agreements and conditions required by this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement to be
performed, satisfied or complied with by the Company at or prior to the Commencement. The Company shall deliver to the Investor on the Commencement Date the compliance certificate substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C (the
“Compliance Certificate”). 
 (iii) Initial Registration Statement Effective. The Initial Registration
Statement covering the resale by the Investor of the Registrable Securities included therein required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 2(a) of the Registration Rights Agreement shall have been declared
effective under the Securities Act by the Commission, and the Investor shall be permitted to utilize the Prospectus therein to resell (i) all of the Initial Commitment Shares, (ii) all of the Additional Commitment Shares and (iii) all
of the Shares included in such Prospectus. 

  
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 (iv) No Material Notices. None of the following events shall have occurred and
be continuing: (a) receipt of any request by the Commission or any other Governmental Authority for any additional information relating to the Initial Registration Statement, the Prospectus contained therein or any Prospectus Supplement
thereto, or for any amendment of or supplement to the Initial Registration Statement, the Prospectus contained therein or any Prospectus Supplement thereto; (b) the issuance by the Commission or any other Governmental Authority of any stop
order suspending the effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement or prohibiting or suspending the use of the Prospectus contained therein or any Prospectus Supplement thereto, or of the suspension of qualification or exemption from
qualification of the Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or the initiation or contemplated initiation of any proceeding for such purpose; (c) the objection of FINRA to the terms of the transactions contemplated by the
Transaction Documents or (d) the occurrence of any event or the existence of any condition or state of facts, which makes any statement of a material fact made in the Initial Registration Statement, the Prospectus contained therein or any
Prospectus Supplement thereto untrue or which requires the making of any additions to or changes to the statements then made in the Initial Registration Statement, the Prospectus contained therein or any Prospectus Supplement thereto in order to
state a material fact required by the Securities Act to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements then made therein (in the case of the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, in light of the circumstances under which they were
made) not misleading, or which requires an amendment to the Initial Registration Statement or a supplement to the Prospectus contained therein or any Prospectus Supplement thereto to comply with the Securities Act, any applicable state securities
laws or any other law. The Company shall have no Knowledge of any event that could reasonably be expected to have the effect of causing the suspension of the effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement or the prohibition or suspension of the
use of the Prospectus contained therein or any Prospectus Supplement thereto in connection with the resale of the Registrable Securities by the Investor. 

(v) Other Commission Filings. The Current Report and the Form D shall have been filed with the Commission as required pursuant
to Section 2.3. The final Prospectus included in the Initial Registration Statement shall have been filed with the Commission prior to Commencement in accordance with Section 2.3 and the Registration Rights Agreement. All reports,
schedules, registrations, forms, statements, information and other documents required to have been filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, including all material required to have been
filed pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, prior to Commencement shall have been filed with the Commission. 
 (vi)
No Suspension of Trading in or Notice of Delisting of Common Stock. Trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended by the Commission, the Trading Market or FINRA (except for any suspension of trading of limited duration
agreed to by the Company, which suspension shall be terminated prior to the Commencement Date), the Company shall not have received any final and non-appealable notice that the listing or quotation of the
Common Stock on the Trading Market shall be terminated on a date certain (unless, prior to such date certain, the Common Stock is listed or quoted on any other Eligible Market), nor shall there have been imposed any suspension of, or restriction on,
accepting additional deposits of the 

  
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Common Stock, electronic trading or book-entry services by DTC with respect to the Common Stock that is continuing, the Company shall not have received any notice from DTC to the effect that a
suspension of, or restriction on, accepting additional deposits of the Common Stock, electronic trading or book-entry services by DTC with respect to the Common Stock is being imposed or is contemplated (unless, prior to such suspension or
restriction, DTC shall have notified the Company in writing that DTC has determined not to impose any such suspension or restriction). 

(vii) Compliance with Laws. The Company shall have complied with all applicable federal, state and local governmental laws,
rules, regulations and ordinances in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby,
including, without limitation, the Company shall have obtained all permits and qualifications required by any applicable state securities or “Blue Sky” laws (but only to the extent set forth in Section 6.11) for the offer and sale of
the Securities by the Company to the Investor and the subsequent resale of the Registrable Securities by the Investor (or shall have the availability of exemptions therefrom). 

(viii) No Injunction. No statute, regulation, order, decree, writ, ruling or injunction shall have been enacted, entered,
promulgated, threatened or endorsed by any court or Governmental Authority of competent jurisdiction which prohibits the consummation of or which would materially modify or delay any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.

 (ix) No Proceedings or Litigation. No action, suit or proceeding before any arbitrator or any court or Governmental
Authority shall have been commenced, and no inquiry or investigation by any Governmental Authority shall have been commenced, against the Company or any Subsidiary, or any of the officers, directors or Affiliates of the Company or any Subsidiary,
seeking to restrain, prevent or change the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, or seeking material damages in connection with such transactions. 

(x) Listing of Securities. All of the Securities that have been and may be issued pursuant to this Agreement shall have
been approved for listing or quotation on the Trading Market (or on an Eligible Market) as of the Commencement Date, subject only to notice of issuance. 

(xi) No Material Adverse Effect. No condition, occurrence, state of facts or event constituting a Material Adverse Effect
shall have occurred and be continuing. 
 (xii) No Bankruptcy Proceedings. No Person shall have commenced a proceeding
against the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law. The Company shall not have, pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law, (a) commenced a voluntary case, (b) consented to the entry of an order for
relief against it in an involuntary case, (c) consented to the appointment of a Custodian of the Company or for all or substantially all of its property, or (d) made a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors. A court of
competent jurisdiction shall not have entered an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that (I) is for relief against the Company in an involuntary case, (II) appoints a Custodian of the Company or for all or substantially all of its
property, or (III) orders the liquidation of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. 

  
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 (xiii) Initial Commitment Shares Issued as DWAC Shares. The Company shall have
caused the Company’s transfer agent to credit the Investor’s or its designee’s account at DTC as DWAC Shares such number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of Initial Commitment Shares issued to the Investor pursuant to
Section 10.1(ii)(a) hereof, in accordance with Section 10.1(iv) hereof. 
 (xiv) Delivery of Commencement Irrevocable
Transfer Agent Instructions and Notice of Effectiveness. The Commencement Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions shall have been executed by the Company and delivered to acknowledged in writing by the Company’s transfer agent, and the
Notice of Effectiveness relating to the Initial Registration Statement shall have been executed by the Company’s outside counsel and delivered to the Company’s transfer agent, in each case directing such transfer agent to issue to the
Investor or its designated Broker-Dealer all of the Initial Commitment Shares, all of the Additional Commitment Shares and all of the Shares included in the Initial Registration Statement as DWAC Shares in accordance with this Agreement and the
Registration Rights Agreement. 
 (xv) Reservation of Shares. As of the Commencement Date, the Company shall have reserved out
of its authorized and unissued Common Stock, (i) 359,097 shares of Common Stock solely for the purpose of issuing Additional Commitment Shares to be issued and delivered to the Investor under Section 10.1(ii)(b) hereof in such amounts and
within the time periods specified in Section 10.1(ii)(b) hereof, and (ii) 52,341,455 shares of Common Stock solely for the purpose of issuing Shares pursuant to VWAP Purchases and Intraday VWAP Purchases that may be effected by the Company, in
its sole discretion, from and after the Commencement Date under this Agreement. 
 (xvi) Opinions and Negative Assurances of Company
Counsel. On the Commencement Date, the Investor shall have received the opinions and negative assurances from outside counsel to the Company, dated the Commencement Date, in the forms mutually agreed to by the Company and the Investor prior
to the date of this Agreement. 
 (xvii) Initial Comfort Letter of Company Auditor. On the Commencement
Date, the Investor shall have received from the Accountant, or a successor independent registered public accounting firm for the Company (as applicable), a letter dated the Commencement Date and addressed to the Investor, in substantially the form,
scope and substance mutually agreed to by the Company and the Investor at least one (1) Trading Day prior to the date on which the Initial Registration Statement is first filed with the Commission, (i) confirming that they are independent
public accountants with respect to the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, and (ii) stating the conclusions and findings of such firm with respect to the audited and unaudited
financial statements and certain financial information contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (as supplemented by any Prospectus Supplement filed with the Commission on or prior to the Commencement
Date), and certain other matters customarily covered by auditor “comfort letters,” except that the specific date referred to therein for the carrying out of procedures shall be no more than three (3) Trading Days prior to the
Commencement Date (the “Initial Comfort Letter”). 

  
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 (xviii) FINRA No Objections. Prior to the Commencement Date, FINRA’s
Corporate Financing Department shall have confirmed in writing that it has determined not to raise any objection with respect to the fairness and reasonableness of the terms and arrangements of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction
Documents. 
 Section 7.3. Conditions Precedent to Purchases after Commencement Date. The right of
the Company to deliver VWAP Purchase Notices and Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices under this Agreement after the Commencement Date, and the obligation of the Investor to accept VWAP Purchase Notices and Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices timely delivered
to the Investor by the Company under this Agreement after the Commencement Date, are subject to the satisfaction of each of the conditions set forth in this Section 7.3, (X) with respect to a VWAP Purchase Notice for a VWAP Purchase that is
timely delivered by the Company to the Investor in accordance with this Agreement, as of the VWAP Purchase Commencement Time of the applicable VWAP Purchase Period for such VWAP Purchase to be effected pursuant to such VWAP Purchase Notice and
(Y) with respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice for an Intraday VWAP Purchase that is timely delivered by the Company to the Investor in accordance with this Agreement, as of the Intraday VWAP Purchase Commencement Time of the applicable
Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for such Intraday VWAP Purchase to be effected pursuant to such Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (each such VWAP Purchase Commencement Time (with respect to a VWAP Purchase Notice) and each such Intraday VWAP Purchase
Commencement Time (with respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice), at which time all such conditions must be satisfied, a “Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time”). 

(i) Satisfaction of Certain Prior Conditions. Each of the conditions set forth in subsections (i), (ii), and (vii) through
(xiv) set forth in Section 7.2 shall be satisfied at the applicable Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time after the Commencement Date (with the terms “Commencement” and “Commencement Date” in the conditions set forth in
subsections (i) and (ii) of Section 7.2 replaced with “applicable Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time”); provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to deliver the Compliance Certificate after the
Commencement Date, except as provided in Section 6.17 and Section 7.3(x). 
 (ii) Initial Registration Statement
Effective. The Initial Registration Statement covering the resale by the Investor of the Registrable Securities included therein filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 2(a) of the Registration Rights Agreement, and
any post-effective amendment thereto required to be filed by the Company with the Commission after the Commencement Date and prior to the applicable Purchase Date pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, in each case shall have been declared
effective under the Securities Act by the Commission and shall remain effective for the applicable Registration Period, and the Investor shall be permitted to utilize the Prospectus therein, and any Prospectus Supplement thereto, to resell
(a) all of the Initial Commitment Shares, (b) all of the Additional Commitment Shares and (c) all of the Shares included in the Initial Registration Statement, and any post-effective amendment thereto, that have been issued and sold
to the Investor hereunder pursuant to all VWAP Purchase Notices and Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices (as applicable) delivered by the Company to the Investor prior to such applicable Purchase Date and (c) all of the Shares included in the Initial
Registration Statement, and any post-effective amendment thereto, that are issuable pursuant to the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice or Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable) delivered by the Company to the Investor with respect to a VWAP
Purchase or an Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) to be effected hereunder on such applicable Purchase Date. 

  
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 (iii) Any Required New Registration Statement Effective. Any New Registration
Statement covering the resale by the Investor of the Registrable Securities included therein, and any post-effective amendment thereto, required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement after the
Commencement Date and prior to the applicable Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase or Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), in each case shall have been declared effective under the Securities Act by the Commission and shall remain effective for
the applicable Registration Period, and the Investor shall be permitted to utilize the Prospectus therein, and any Prospectus Supplement thereto, to resell (a) all of the Initial Commitment Shares (if any) included in such New Registration
Statement, and any post-effective amendment thereto, (b) all of the Additional Commitment Shares included in such New Registration Statement, and any post-effective amendment thereto, (c) all of the Shares included in such New Registration
Statement, and any post-effective amendment thereto, that have been issued and sold to the Investor hereunder pursuant to all VWAP Purchase Notices and Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices (as applicable) delivered by the Company to the Investor prior to
such applicable Purchase Date and (d) all of the Shares included in such new Registration Statement, and any post-effective amendment thereto, that are issuable pursuant to the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice or Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice
(as applicable) delivered by the Company to the Investor with respect to a VWAP Purchase or an Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) to be effected hereunder on such applicable Purchase Date. 

(iv) Delivery of Subsequent Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions and Notice of Effectiveness. With respect to any
post-effective amendment to the Initial Registration Statement, any New Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment to any New Registration Statement, in each case declared effective by the Commission after the Commencement Date, the
Company shall have delivered or caused to be delivered to the Company’s transfer agent (a) irrevocable instructions in the form substantially similar to the Commencement Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions executed by the Company and
acknowledged in writing by its transfer agent and (b) the Notice of Effectiveness, in each case modified as necessary to refer to such Registration Statement or post-effective amendment and the Registrable Securities included therein, to issue
the Registrable Securities included therein as DWAC Shares in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. 

(v) No Material Notices. None of the following events shall have occurred and be continuing: (a) receipt of any request by
the Commission or any other Governmental Authority for any additional information relating to the Initial Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, any New Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, or the
Prospectus contained in any of the foregoing or any Prospectus Supplement thereto, or for any amendment of or supplement to the Initial Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, any New Registration Statement or any
post-effective amendment thereto, or the Prospectus contained in any of the foregoing or any Prospectus Supplement thereto; (b) the issuance by the Commission or any other Governmental Authority of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of
the Initial Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, any New Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, or prohibiting or 

  
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suspending the use of the Prospectus contained in any of the foregoing or any Prospectus Supplement thereto, or of the suspension of qualification or exemption from qualification of the
Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or the initiation or contemplated initiation of any proceeding for such purpose; (c) the objection of FINRA to the terms of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents or
(d) the occurrence of any event or the existence of any condition or state of facts, which makes any statement of a material fact made in the Initial Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, any New Registration Statement
or any post-effective amendment thereto, or the Prospectus contained in any of the foregoing or any Prospectus Supplement thereto untrue or which requires the making of any additions to or changes to the statements then made in the Initial
Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, any New Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, or the Prospectus contained in any of the foregoing or any Prospectus Supplement thereto in order to state a
material fact required by the Securities Act to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements then made therein (in the case of the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, in light of the circumstances under which they were made)
not misleading, or which requires an amendment to the Initial Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, any New Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, or the Prospectus contained in any of the foregoing
or any Prospectus Supplement thereto to comply with the Securities Act, any applicable state securities laws or any other law (other than the transactions contemplated by the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice delivered by the Company to the Investor
with respect to a VWAP Purchase, or the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice delivered by the Company to the Investor with respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) to be effected hereunder on such applicable Purchase Date and the
settlement thereof). The Company shall have no Knowledge of any event that could reasonably be expected to have the effect of causing the suspension of the effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto,
any New Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto, or the prohibition or suspension of the use of the Prospectus contained in any of the foregoing or any Prospectus Supplement thereto in connection with the resale of the
Registrable Securities by the Investor. 
 (vi) Other Commission Filings. The final Prospectus included in any post-effective
amendment to the Initial Registration Statement, and any Prospectus Supplement thereto, required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 2.3 and the Registration Rights Agreement after the Commencement Date and prior
to the applicable Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase or such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), shall have been filed with the Commission in accordance with Section 2.3 and the Registration Rights Agreement. The final Prospectus included
in any New Registration Statement and in any post-effective amendment thereto, and any Prospectus Supplement thereto, required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 2.3 and the Registration Rights Agreement after
the Commencement Date and prior to the applicable Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase or such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), shall have been filed with the Commission in accordance with Section 2.3 and the Registration Rights
Agreement. All reports, schedules, registrations, forms, statements, information and other documents required to have been filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, including all material
required to have been filed pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, after the Commencement Date and prior to the applicable Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase or such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), shall have been
filed with the Commission and, if any Registrable Securities are covered by a Registration Statement on Form S-3, such filings shall have been made within the applicable time period prescribed for such filing
under the Exchange Act. 

  
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 (vii) No Suspension of Trading in or Notice of Delisting of Common Stock.
Trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended by the Commission, the Trading Market (or Eligible Market, as applicable) or FINRA (except for any suspension of trading of limited duration agreed to by the Company, which suspension shall
be terminated prior to the applicable Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase or such Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable)), the Company shall not have received any final and non-appealable notice that the
listing or quotation of the Common Stock on the Trading Market (or Eligible Market, as applicable) shall be terminated on a date certain (unless, prior to such date certain, the Common Stock is listed or quoted on any other Eligible Market), nor
shall there have been imposed any suspension of, or restriction on, accepting additional deposits of the Common Stock, electronic trading or book-entry services by DTC with respect to the Common Stock that is continuing, the Company shall not have
received any notice from DTC to the effect that a suspension of, or restriction on, accepting additional deposits of the Common Stock, electronic trading or book-entry services by DTC with respect to the Common Stock is being imposed or is
contemplated (unless, prior to such suspension or restriction, DTC shall have notified the Company in writing that DTC has determined not to impose any such suspension or restriction). 

(viii) Certain Limitations. The issuance and sale of the Shares issuable pursuant to the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice
or the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable) shall not (a) exceed, in the case of a VWAP Purchase Notice, the VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount applicable to such VWAP Purchase Notice or, in the case of an Intraday VWAP Purchase
Notice, the Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount applicable to such Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice, (b) cause the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to this Agreement to exceed the Aggregate Limit, (c) cause the
Investor to beneficially own (under Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and Rule 13d-3 promulgated thereunder) shares of Common Stock in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, or (d) if and to
the extent the Exchange Cap is then applicable under Section 3.4, cause the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to this Agreement to exceed the Exchange Cap, unless in the case of this clause (d), the Company’s
stockholders have theretofore approved the issuance of such shares of Common Stock in excess of the Exchange Cap in accordance with the applicable rules of the Trading Market. 

(ix) Shares and Additional Commitment Shares Authorized and Delivered. All of the Shares issuable pursuant to the
applicable VWAP Purchase Notice or Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice (as applicable) shall have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company. All Shares relating to all prior VWAP Purchase Notices and all prior Intraday VWAP
Purchase Notices, and all Additional Commitment Shares to be issued to the Investor at such time and in such amounts as set forth in Section 10.1(ii)(b) of this Agreement, required to have been received by the Investor as DWAC Shares under this
Agreement prior to the applicable Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time for the applicable VWAP Purchase or Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) shall have been delivered to the Investor as DWAC Shares in accordance with this Agreement. 

  
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 (x) Bring-Down Negative Assurance Letters; Bring-Down Comfort Letters and Compliance
Certificates. The Investor shall have received (a) all Bring-Down Negative Assurance Letters from outside counsel to the Company, which the Company was obligated to instruct its outside counsel to deliver to the Investor prior to the
applicable Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time for the applicable VWAP Purchase or Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), (b) all Bring-Down Comfort Letters from the Accountant, or a successor independent registered public accounting firm for the
Company (as applicable), which the Company was obligated to instruct such firm to deliver to the Investor prior to the applicable Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time for the applicable VWAP Purchase or Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), and
(c) all Compliance Certificates from the Company that the Company was obligated to deliver to the Investor prior to the applicable Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time for the applicable VWAP Purchase or Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable),
in each case in accordance with Section 6.17. 
 (xi) Payment of Additional Investor Expense Reimbursement. The Company
shall have paid, by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated by the Investor, all Additional Investor Expense Reimbursement payments that the Company was obligated to pay to the Investor prior to the applicable Purchase
Condition Satisfaction Time for the applicable VWAP Purchase or Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) in accordance with Section 10.1(i), each of which Additional Investor Expense Reimbursement payments shall be fully earned and non-refundable as of the date such payments are made by the Company to the Investor, regardless of whether any additional VWAP Purchases or Intraday VWAP Purchases are made or settled hereunder or any subsequent
termination of this Agreement. 
 ARTICLE VIII 

TERMINATION 

Section 8.1. Automatic Termination. Unless earlier terminated as provided hereunder, this Agreement
shall terminate automatically on the earliest to occur of (i) the first day of the month next following the 24-month anniversary of the Commencement Date, (ii) the date on which the Investor shall
have purchased from the Company, pursuant to all VWAP Purchases and Intraday VWAP Purchases that have occurred and fully settled pursuant to this Agreement, an aggregate number of Shares for a total aggregate gross purchase price to the Company
equal to the Total Commitment, (iii) the date on which the Common Stock shall have failed to be listed or quoted on the Trading Market or any Eligible Market for a period of one (1) Trading Day, (iv) the thirtieth (30th) Trading Day next following the date on which, pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law, the Company commences a voluntary case or any Person commences a proceeding against the
Company, in each case that is not discharged or dismissed prior to such thirtieth (30th) Trading Day, and (v) the date on which, pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy
Law, a Custodian is appointed for the Company or for all or substantially all of its property, or the Company makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors. 

Section 8.2. Other Termination. Subject to Section 8.3, the Company may terminate this Agreement
after the Commencement Date effective upon ten (10) Trading Days’ prior written notice to the Investor in accordance with Section 10.4; provided, however, that (i) the Company shall have issued all of the Initial
Commitment Shares required to be issued to the Investor pursuant to Section 10.1(ii)(a) of this Agreement and such number of Additional Commitment Shares 

  
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required to be issued to the Investor at or prior to such termination pursuant to Section 10.1(ii)(b) of this Agreement, and shall have paid the Initial Investor Expense Reimbursement and
all Additional Investor Expense Reimbursement payments required to be paid to the Investor or its counsel pursuant to Section 10.1(i) of this Agreement, in each case prior to such termination, and (ii) prior to issuing any press release,
or making any public statement or announcement, with respect to such termination, the Company shall consult with the Investor and its counsel on the form and substance of such press release or other disclosure. Subject to Section 8.3, this
Agreement may be terminated at any time by the mutual written consent of the parties, effective as of the date of such mutual written consent unless otherwise provided in such written consent. Subject to Section 8.3, the Investor shall have the
right to terminate this Agreement effective upon ten (10) Trading Days’ prior written notice to the Company in accordance with Section 10.4, if: (a) any condition, occurrence, state of facts or event constituting a Material
Adverse Effect has occurred and is continuing; (b) a Fundamental Transaction shall have occurred; (c) the Initial Registration Statement and any New Registration Statement is not filed by the applicable Filing Deadline therefor or declared
effective by the Commission by the applicable Effectiveness Deadline (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement) therefor, or the Company is otherwise in breach or default in any material respect under any of the other provisions of the
Registration Rights Agreement, and, if such failure, breach or default is capable of being cured, such failure, breach or default is not cured within ten (10) Trading Days after notice of such failure, breach or default is delivered to the
Company pursuant to Section 10.4; (d) while a Registration Statement, or any post-effective amendment thereto, is required to be maintained effective pursuant to the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement and the Investor holds any
Registrable Securities, the effectiveness of such Registration Statement, or any post-effective amendment thereto, lapses for any reason (including, without limitation, the issuance of a stop order by the Commission) or such Registration Statement
or any post-effective amendment thereto, the Prospectus contained therein or any Prospectus Supplement thereto otherwise becomes unavailable to the Investor for the resale of all of the Registrable Securities included therein in accordance with the
terms of the Registration Rights Agreement, and such lapse or unavailability continues for a period of twenty (20) consecutive Trading Days or for more than an aggregate of sixty (60) Trading Days in any
365-day period, other than due to acts of the Investor; (e) trading in the Common Stock on the Trading Market (or if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, trading in the Common Stock on
such Eligible Market) shall have been suspended and such suspension continues for a period of three (3) consecutive Trading Days; or (f) the Company is in material breach or default of this Agreement, and, if such breach or default is
capable of being cured, such breach or default is not cured within ten (10) Trading Days after notice of such breach or default is delivered to the Company pursuant to Section 10.4. Unless notification thereof is required elsewhere in this
Agreement (in which case such notification shall be provided in accordance with such other provision), the Company shall promptly (but in no event later than twenty-four (24) hours) notify the Investor (and, if required under applicable law,
including, without limitation, Regulation FD promulgated by the Commission, or under the applicable rules and regulations of the Trading Market (or Eligible Market, as applicable), the Company shall publicly disclose such information in accordance
with Regulation FD and the applicable rules and regulations of the Trading Market (or Eligible Market, as applicable)) upon becoming aware of any of the events set forth in the immediately preceding sentence. 

  
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 Section 8.3. Effect of Termination. In the event of
termination by the Company or the Investor (other than by mutual termination) pursuant to Section 8.2, written notice thereof shall forthwith be given to the other party as provided in Section 10.4 and the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement shall be terminated without further action by either party. If this Agreement is terminated as provided in Section 8.1 or Section 8.2, this Agreement shall become void and of no further force and effect, except that (i) the
provisions of Article V (Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Company), Article IX (Indemnification), Article X (Miscellaneous) and this Article VIII (Termination) shall remain in full force and effect indefinitely notwithstanding such
termination, and, (ii) so long as the Investor owns any Securities, the covenants and agreements of the Company contained in Article VI (Additional Covenants) shall remain in full force and notwithstanding such termination for a period of six
(6) months following such termination. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, no termination of this Agreement by any party shall (i) become effective prior to the fifth
(5th) Trading Day immediately following the settlement date related to any pending VWAP Purchase or any pending Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable) that has not been fully settled in accordance
with the terms and conditions of this Agreement (it being hereby acknowledged and agreed that no termination of this Agreement shall limit, alter, modify, change or otherwise affect any of the Company’s or the Investor’s rights or
obligations under the Transaction Documents with respect to any pending VWAP Purchase and any pending Intraday VWAP Purchase (as applicable), and that the parties shall fully perform their respective obligations with respect to any such pending VWAP
Purchase and any pending Intraday VWAP Purchase under the Transaction Documents), (ii) limit, alter, modify, change or otherwise affect the Company’s or the Investor’s rights or obligations under the Registration Rights Agreement, all of
which shall survive any such termination, (iii) affect any Initial Commitment Shares issued or issuable to the Investor pursuant to Section 10.1(ii)(a), all of which Initial Commitment Shares shall be fully earned as of the Closing Date,
regardless of whether the Commencement shall have occurred, whether any VWAP Purchases or Intraday VWAP Purchases are made or settled hereunder or any subsequent termination of this Agreement, (iv) affect any Additional Commitment Shares that
have been issued or are issuable to the Investor at or prior to such termination pursuant to Section 10.1(ii)(b), all of which Additional Commitment Shares shall be fully earned as of the time issued or issuable to the Investor under
Section 10.1(ii)(b), regardless of whether any VWAP Purchases or Intraday VWAP Purchases are made or settled hereunder or any subsequent termination of this Agreement, (v) affect the Initial Investor Expense Reimbursement payable or paid
to the Investor, all of which Initial Investor Expense Reimbursement shall be fully earned and non-refundable when paid on the Closing Date pursuant to Section 10.1(i), regardless of whether the
Commencement shall have occurred, whether any VWAP Purchases or Intraday VWAP Purchases are made or settled hereunder or any subsequent termination of this Agreement, or (vi) affect any Additional Investor Expense Reimbursement payments payable
or paid to the Investor, all of which Additional Investor Expense Reimbursement payments shall be fully earned and non-refundable when paid pursuant to Section 10.1(i), regardless of whether any
additional VWAP Purchases or Intraday VWAP Purchases are made or settled hereunder or any subsequent termination of this Agreement. Nothing in this Section 8.3 shall be deemed to release the Company or the Investor from any liability for any
breach or default under this Agreement or any of the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party, or to impair the rights of the Company and the Investor to compel specific performance by the other party of its obligations under the
Transaction Documents to which it is a party. 

  
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 ARTICLE IX 

INDEMNIFICATION 

Section 9.1. Indemnification of Investor. In consideration of the Investor’s execution and
delivery of this Agreement and acquiring the Securities hereunder and in addition to all of the Company’s other obligations under the Transaction Documents to which it is a party, subject to the provisions of this Section 9.1, the Company
shall indemnify and hold harmless the Investor, each of its directors, officers, stockholders, members, partners, employees, representatives, agents and advisors (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such
titles notwithstanding the lack of such title or any other title), each Person, if any, who controls the Investor (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act), and the respective directors,
officers, stockholders, members, partners, employees, representatives, agents and advisors (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding the lack of such title or any other title) of such
controlling Persons (each, an “Investor Party”), from and against all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses (including all judgments, amounts paid in settlement, court costs,
reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of defense and investigation) (collectively, “Damages”) that any Investor Party may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to (a) any breach of any of the representations,
warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party or (b) any action, suit, claim or proceeding (including for these purposes
a derivative action brought on behalf of the Company) instituted against such Investor Party arising out of or resulting from the execution, delivery, performance or enforcement of the Transaction Documents, other than claims for indemnification
within the scope of Section 6 of the Registration Rights Agreement; provided, however, that (x) the foregoing indemnity shall not apply to any Damages to the extent, but only to the extent, that such Damages resulted directly
and primarily from a breach of any of the Investor’s representations, warranties, covenants or agreements contained in this Agreement or the Registration Rights Agreement, and (y) the Company shall not be liable under subsection
(b) of this Section 9.1 to the extent, but only to the extent, that a court of competent jurisdiction shall have determined by a final judgment (from which no further appeals are available) that such Damages resulted directly and primarily
from any acts or failures to act, undertaken or omitted to be taken by such Investor Party through its fraud, bad faith, gross negligence, or willful or reckless misconduct. 

The Company shall reimburse any Investor Party promptly upon demand (with accompanying presentation of sufficiently detailed documentary
evidence) for all legal and other costs and expenses reasonably incurred by such Investor Party in connection with (i) any action, suit, claim or proceeding, whether at law or in equity, to enforce compliance by the Company with any provision
of the Transaction Documents or (ii) any other any action, suit, claim or proceeding, whether at law or in equity, with respect to which it is entitled to indemnification under this Section 9.1; provided that the Investor shall
promptly reimburse the Company for all such legal and other costs and expenses to the extent a court of competent jurisdiction determines that any Investor Party was not entitled to such reimbursement. 

  
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 An Investor Party’s right to indemnification or other remedies based upon the
representations, warranties, covenants and agreements of the Company set forth in the Transaction Documents shall not in any way be affected by any investigation or knowledge of such Investor Party. Such representations, warranties, covenants and
agreements shall not be affected or deemed waived by reason of the fact that an Investor Party knew or should have known that any representation or warranty might be inaccurate or that the Company failed to comply with any agreement or covenant. Any
investigation by such Investor Party shall be for its own protection only and shall not affect or impair any right or remedy hereunder. 

To the extent that the foregoing undertakings by the Company set forth in this Section 9.1 may be unenforceable for any reason, the
Company shall make the maximum contribution to the payment and satisfaction of each of the Damages which is permissible under applicable law. 

Section 9.2. Indemnification Procedures. Promptly after an Investor Party receives notice of a claim
or the commencement of an action for which the Investor Party intends to seek indemnification under Section 9.1, the Investor Party will notify the Company in writing of the claim or commencement of the action, suit or proceeding;
provided, however, that failure to notify the Company will not relieve the Company from liability under Section 9.1, except to the extent it has been materially prejudiced by the failure to give notice. The Company will be
entitled to participate in the defense of any claim, action, suit or proceeding as to which indemnification is being sought, and if the Company acknowledges in writing the obligation to indemnify the Investor Party against whom the claim or action
is brought, the Company may (but will not be required to) assume the defense against the claim, action, suit or proceeding with counsel satisfactory to it. After the Company notifies the Investor Party that the Company wishes to assume the defense
of a claim, action, suit or proceeding, the Company will not be liable for any further legal or other expenses incurred by the Investor Party in connection with the defense against the claim, action, suit or proceeding except that if, in the opinion
of counsel to the Investor Party, it would be inappropriate under the applicable rules of professional responsibility for the same counsel to represent both the Company and such Investor Party. In such event, the Company will pay the reasonable fees
and expenses of no more than one separate counsel for all such Investor Parties promptly as such fees and expenses are incurred. Each Investor Party, as a condition to receiving indemnification as provided in Section 9.1, will cooperate in all
reasonable respects with the Company in the defense of any action or claim as to which indemnification is sought. The Company will not be liable for any settlement of any action effected without its prior written consent, which consent shall not be
unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned. The Company will not, without the prior written consent of the Investor Party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned, effect any settlement of a pending or threatened
action with respect to which an Investor Party is, or is informed that it may be, made a party and for which it would be entitled to indemnification, unless the settlement includes an unconditional release of the Investor Party from all liability
and claims which are the subject matter of the pending or threatened action. 
 The remedies provided for in this Article IX are not
exclusive and shall not limit any rights or remedies which may otherwise be available to any Investor Party at law or in equity. 

  
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 ARTICLE X 

MISCELLANEOUS 

Section 10.1. Certain Fees and Expenses; Commitment Shares; Commencement Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions. 

 (i) Certain Fees and Expenses. Each party shall bear its own fees and expenses related to the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement; provided, however, that the Company, (a) on or prior to the Closing Date, shall have paid to the Investor, by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated by the Investor prior to the
date of this Agreement, $125,000 as reimbursement for the reasonable fees and disbursements of the Investor’s legal counsel incurred by the Investor prior to the Closing (the “Initial Investor Expense Reimbursement”),
and (b) within ten (10) Business Days after each Representation Date (provided a Future Purchase Suspension is not then in effect), shall have paid to the Investor, by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated
by the Investor, an additional $7,500 per fiscal quarter as reimbursement for the reasonable fees and disbursements of the Investor’s legal counsel incurred by the Investor in connection with the Investor’s ongoing due diligence and review
of deliverables subject to Section 6.17 (the “Additional Investor Expense Reimbursement”), in each case in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. For the
avoidance of doubt, (1) the Initial Investor Expense Reimbursement shall be fully earned and non-refundable when paid on or prior to the Closing Date in accordance with this Section 10.1(i) and
(2) each Additional Investor Expense Reimbursement payment shall be fully earned and non-refundable when paid in accordance with this Section 10.1(i), regardless of whether any additional VWAP
Purchases or Intraday VWAP Purchases are effected by the Company or settled hereunder or any subsequent termination of this Agreement, it being understood that no Additional Investor Expense Reimbursement shall be payable in any calendar quarter in
which the Company does not intend to deliver a VWAP Purchase Notice or an Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice. The Company shall pay all U.S. federal, state and local stamp and other similar transfer and other taxes and duties levied in connection with
issuance of the Securities pursuant hereto. 
 (ii) Commitment Shares. 

(a) Initial Commitment Shares. In consideration for the Investor’s execution and delivery of this Agreement, concurrently
with the execution and delivery of this Agreement on the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver irrevocable instructions to its transfer agent to issue to the Investor, not later than 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately
following the Closing Date, one or more certificate(s) or book-entry statement(s) representing the Initial Commitment Shares in the name of the Investor or its designee (in which case such designee name shall have been provided to the Company prior
to the Closing Date). Such certificate or book-entry statement shall be delivered to the Investor by overnight courier at its address set forth in Section 10.4. For the avoidance of doubt, all of the Initial Commitment Shares shall be fully
earned as of the Closing Date, regardless of whether the Commencement shall have occurred, any VWAP Purchases or Intraday VWAP Purchases are effected by the Company or settled hereunder or any subsequent termination of this Agreement. Upon issuance
pursuant to this Section 10.1(ii)(a), the Initial Commitment Shares shall constitute “restricted securities” as such term is defined in Rule 144(a)(3) under the Securities Act and, subject to the provisions of subsection (iv) of
this Section 10.1, the certificate or book-entry statement representing the Initial Commitment Shares shall bear the restrictive legend set forth below in subsection (iii) of this Section 10.1. The Initial Commitment Shares shall
constitute Registrable Securities and shall be included in the Initial Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, and the Prospectus included therein, and, if necessary to register the resale thereof by the Investor under the
Securities Act, in any New Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, and the Prospectus included therein, in each case in accordance with this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. 

  
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 (b) Additional Commitment Shares. In addition to the issuance of the Initial
Commitment Shares pursuant to Section 10.1(ii)(a) above, not later than 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day on which the Company shall have received from the Investor total aggregate cash proceeds equal to $25,000,000 as payment
for all VWAP Purchase Share Amounts and Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amounts purchased by the Investor in all VWAP Purchases and Intraday VWAP Purchases (as applicable) effected pursuant to this Agreement, the Company shall deliver irrevocable
instructions to its transfer agent to electronically issue and deliver to the Investor or its designee(s) (in which case such designee(s) name shall have been provided to the Company prior to such Trading Day) 179,549 Additional Commitment Shares,
so that such Additional Commitment Shares are received by the Investor as DWAC Shares not later than 10:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the next Trading Day. Not later than 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day on which the Company shall
have received from the Investor total aggregate cash proceeds equal to $50,000,000 as payment for all VWAP Purchase Share Amounts and Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amounts purchased by the Investor in all VWAP Purchases and Intraday VWAP Purchases
(as applicable) effected pursuant to this Agreement, the Company shall deliver irrevocable instructions to its transfer agent to electronically issue and deliver to the Investor or its designee(s) (in which case such designee(s) name shall have been
provided to the Company prior to such Trading Day) 179,548 Additional Commitment Shares, so that such Additional Commitment Shares are received by the Investor as DWAC Shares not later than 10:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the next Trading Day.
For the avoidance of doubt, such Additional Commitment Shares shall be fully earned as of the date on which they are issuable pursuant to this Section 10.1(ii)(b), regardless of whether any further VWAP Purchases or Intraday VWAP Purchases are
effected by the Company or settled hereunder or any subsequent termination of this Agreement. All of the Additional Commitment Shares shall constitute Registrable Securities and shall be included in the Initial Registration Statement and any
post-effective amendment thereto, and the Prospectus included therein, and, if necessary to register the resale thereof by the Investor under the Securities Act, in any New Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, and the
Prospectus included therein, in each case in accordance with this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. 
 (iii)
Legends. The certificate(s) or book-entry statement(s) representing the Initial Commitment Shares issued prior to the Effective Date of the Initial Registration Statement, except as set forth below, shall bear a restrictive legend in
substantially the following form (and stop transfer instructions may be placed against transfer of the Initial Commitment Shares): 
 THE
SECURITIES REPRESENTED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THE SECURITIES HAVE BEEN ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, SOLD, TRANSFERRED OR ASSIGNED
IN THE ABSENCE OF AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FOR THE SECURITIES UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS, UNLESS SOLD PURSUANT TO: (1) RULE 144 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR
(2) AN OPINION OF COUNSEL, IN A CUSTOMARY FORM, THAT REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED UNDER SAID ACT OR APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. 

  
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 Notwithstanding the foregoing and for the avoidance of doubt, (i) all Shares to be
issued in respect of each VWAP Purchase Notice and all Shares to be issued in respect of each Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice delivered to the Investor pursuant to this Agreement, in each case shall be issued to the Investor in accordance with
Section 3.3 by crediting the Investor’s or its designees’ account at DTC as DWAC Shares, and (ii) all Additional Commitment Shares to be issued to the Investor pursuant to Section 10.1(ii)(b) of this Agreement shall be
issued to the Investor in accordance with Section 10.1(ii)(b) by crediting the Investor’s or its designees’ account at DTC as DWAC Shares, and the Company shall not take any action or give instructions to any transfer agent of the
Company otherwise. 
 (iv) Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions; Notice of Effectiveness. On the earlier of (a) the
Commencement Date and (b) such time that the Investor shall request, provided all conditions of Rule 144 are met, the Company shall, no later than one (1) Trading Day following the delivery by the Investor to the Company or its transfer
agent of one or more legended certificates or book-entry statements representing the Initial Commitment Shares issued to the Investor pursuant to Section 10.1(ii)(a) (which certificates or book-entry statements the Investor shall promptly
deliver on or prior to the first to occur of the events described in clauses (a) and (b) of this sentence), cause the Company’s transfer agent to credit the Investor’s or its designee’s account at DTC as DWAC Shares such number
of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of Initial Commitment Shares issued to the Investor pursuant to Section 10.1(ii)(a). The Company shall take all actions to carry out the intent and accomplish the purposes of the immediately
preceding sentence, including, without limitation, delivering all such legal opinions, consents, certificates, resolutions and instructions to its transfer agent, and any successor transfer agent of the Company, as may be requested from time to time
by the Investor or necessary or desirable to carry out the intent and accomplish the purposes of the immediately preceding sentence. On the Effective Date of the Initial Registration Statement and prior to Commencement, the Company shall deliver or
cause to be delivered to its transfer agent (and thereafter, shall deliver or cause to be delivered to any subsequent transfer agent of the Company), (i) irrevocable instructions executed by the Company and acknowledged in writing by the
Company’s transfer agent (the “Commencement Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions”) and (ii) the notice of effectiveness in the form attached as an exhibit to the Registration Rights Agreement (the
“Notice of Effectiveness”) relating to the Initial Registration Statement executed by the Company’s outside counsel, in each case directing the Company’s transfer agent to issue to the Investor or its designee all
of the Initial Commitment Shares, the Additional Commitment Shares and the Shares included in the Initial Registration Statement as DWAC Shares in accordance with this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. With respect to any
post-effective amendment to the Initial Registration Statement, any New Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment to any New Registration Statement, in each case declared effective by the Commission after the Commencement Date, the
Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to its transfer agent (and thereafter, shall deliver or cause to be delivered to any subsequent transfer agent of the Company) (i) irrevocable instructions in the form substantially similar to the
Commencement Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions executed by the Company and acknowledged in writing by the Company’s transfer agent and (ii) the Notice of Effectiveness, in each case modified as necessary


  
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to refer to such Registration Statement or post-effective amendment and the Registrable Securities included therein, to issue the Registrable Securities included therein as DWAC Shares in
accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, all Shares, Initial Commitment Shares and Additional Commitment Shares to be issued and delivered from and after Commencement to or for
the benefit of the Investor pursuant to this Agreement shall be issued and delivered to the Investor or its designee only as DWAC Shares. The Company represents and warrants to the Investor that, while this Agreement is effective, no instruction
other than those referred to in this Section 10.1(iv) will be given by the Company to its transfer agent, or any successor transfer agent of the Company, with respect to the Shares, the Initial Commitment Shares and the Additional Commitment
Shares from and after Commencement, and the Shares, the Initial Commitment Shares and the Additional Commitment Shares covered by the Initial Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereof, or any New Registration Statement or
post-effective amendment thereof, as applicable, shall otherwise be freely transferable on the books and records of the Company and no stop transfer instructions shall be maintained against the transfer thereof. The Company agrees that if the
Company fails to fully comply with the provisions of this Section 10.1(iv) within three (3) Trading Days after the date on which the Investor has provided the deliverables referred to above that the Investor is required to provide to the
Company or its transfer agent, the Company shall, at the Investor’s written instruction, purchase from the Investor all shares of Common Stock acquired by the Investor pursuant to this Agreement that contain the restrictive legend referred to
in Section 10.1(iii) hereof (or any similar restrictive legend), or that have any stop transfer orders maintained that prohibit or impede the transfer thereof in any respect, at the greater of (i) the purchase price paid for such shares of
Common Stock (as applicable) and (ii) the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on the date of the Investor’s written instruction. 

Section 10.2. Specific Enforcement, Consent to Jurisdiction, Waiver of Jury Trial. 

(i) The Company and the Investor acknowledge and agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this
Agreement were not performed in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached. It is accordingly agreed that either party shall be entitled to an injunction or injunctions to prevent or cure breaches of the provisions of this
Agreement by the other party and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof (without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required), this being in addition to any other remedy to which
either party may be entitled by law or equity. 
 (ii) Each of the Company and the Investor (a) hereby irrevocably submits to the
jurisdiction of the U.S. District Court and other courts of the United States sitting in the State of New York for the purposes of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement, and (b) hereby waives, and agrees
not to assert in any such suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of such court, that the suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of the suit, action or
proceeding is improper. Each of the Company and the Investor consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees
that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing in this Section 10.2 shall affect or limit any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. 

  
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 (iii) EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE INVESTOR HEREBY WAIVES TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY
APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT TO ANY LITIGATION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR DISPUTES RELATING HERETO. EACH OF THE
COMPANY AND THE INVESTOR (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF THE OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND
(B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTY HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 10.2. 

Section 10.3. Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents set forth the entire agreement and
understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior and contemporaneous agreements, negotiations and understandings between the parties, both oral and written, with respect to such matters. There are no
promises, undertakings, representations or warranties by either party relative to the subject matter hereof not expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents. The Disclosure Schedule and all exhibits to this Agreement are hereby incorporated
by reference in, and made a part of, this Agreement as if set forth in full herein. 
 Section 10.4.
Notices. Any notice, demand, request, waiver or other communication required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be in writing and shall be effective (a) upon hand delivery or electronic mail delivery at the address or number
designated below (if delivered on a business day during normal business hours where such notice is to be received), or the first business day following such delivery (if delivered other than on a business day during normal business hours where such
notice is to be received) or (b) on the second business day following the date of mailing by express courier service, fully prepaid, addressed to such address, or upon actual receipt of such mailing, whichever shall first occur. The address for
such communications shall be: 
 If to the Company: 

Astra Space, Inc. 
 1900 Skyhawk
Street 
 Alameda, CA 94501 

Telephone Number: (866) 278-7217 

Email: legal@astra.com 

Attention: Legal Department 

With a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to: 

Cozen O’Conner P.C. 
 33
South 6th Street, Suite 3800 
 Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402 

Telephone Number: (612) 260-9075 

  
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 Email: kgettman@cozen.com 

Attention: Katheryn A. Gettman, Esq. 

If to the Investor: 
 B. Riley
Principal Capital II, LLC 
 11100 Santa Monica Blvd., Suite 800 

Los Angeles, CA 90025 

Telephone Number: (310) 966-1444 

Email: legal@brileyfin.com 

Attention: General Counsel 

With a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to: 

Dorsey & Whitney LLP 

51 West 52nd Street 

New York, New York 10019-6119 

Telephone Number: (212) 415-9214 

Email: marsico.anthony@dorsey.com 

Attention: Anthony J. Marsico, Esq. 
 Either
party hereto may from time to time change its address for notices by giving at least five (5) days’ advance written notice of such changed address to the other party hereto. 

Section 10.5. Waivers. No provision of this Agreement may be waived by the parties from and after the
date that is one (1) Trading Day immediately preceding the date on which the Initial Registration Statement is initially filed with the Commission. Subject to the immediately preceding sentence, no provision of this Agreement may be waived
other than in a written instrument signed by the party against whom enforcement of such waiver is sought. No failure or delay in the exercise of any power, right or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or
partial exercise of any such power, right or privilege preclude other or further exercises thereof or of any other right, power or privilege. 

Section 10.6. Amendments. No provision of this Agreement may be amended by the parties from and after
the date that is one (1) Trading Day immediately preceding the date on which the Initial Registration Statement is initially filed with the Commission. Subject to the immediately preceding sentence, no provision of this Agreement may be amended
other than by a written instrument signed by both parties hereto. 
 Section 10.7. Headings. The
article, section and subsection headings in this Agreement are for convenience only and shall not constitute a part of this Agreement for any other purpose and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof. Unless the context
clearly indicates otherwise, each pronoun herein shall be deemed to include the masculine, feminine, neuter, singular and plural forms thereof. The terms “including,” “includes,” “include” and words of like import shall
be construed broadly as if followed by the words “without limitation.” The terms “herein,” “hereunder,” “hereof” and words of like import refer to this entire Agreement instead of just the provision in which
they are found. 

  
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 Section 10.8. Construction. The parties agree that
each of them and their respective counsel has reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction Documents and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall
not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents. In addition, each and every reference to share prices (including the Threshold Price) and number of shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall, in all cases, be
subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock combinations, stock dividends, recapitalizations, reorganizations and other similar transactions that occur on or after the date of this Agreement. Any reference in this Agreement to
“Dollars” or “$” shall mean the lawful currency of the United States of America. Any references to “Section” or “Article” in this Agreement shall, unless otherwise expressly stated herein, refer to the
applicable Section or Article of this Agreement. 
 Section 10.9. Binding Effect. This Agreement
shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors. Neither the Company nor the Investor may assign this Agreement or any of their respective rights or obligations hereunder to any Person. 

Section 10.10. No Third Party Beneficiaries. Except as expressly provided in Article IX, this
Agreement is intended only for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors, and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person. 

Section 10.11. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the
internal procedural and substantive laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any laws or rules of such state that would cause the application of the laws of any other jurisdiction. 

Section 10.12. Survival. The representations, warranties, covenants and agreements of the Company and
the Investor contained in this Agreement shall survive the execution and delivery hereof until the termination of this Agreement; provided, however, that (i) the provisions of Article V (Representations, Warranties and Covenants
of the Company), Article VIII (Termination), Article IX (Indemnification) and this Article X (Miscellaneous) shall remain in full force and effect indefinitely notwithstanding such termination, and, (ii) so long as the Investor owns any
Securities, the covenants and agreements of the Company and the Investor contained in Article VI (Additional Covenants), shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination for a period of six (6) months following such
termination. 
 Section 10.13. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more identical
counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party; provided that a facsimile signature or signature delivered
by e-mail in a “.pdf” format data file, including any electronic signature complying with the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, e.g., www.docusign.com, www.echosign.adobe.com, etc., shall be considered
due execution and shall be binding upon the signatory thereto with the same force and effect as if the signature were an original signature. 

  
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 Section 10.14. Publicity. The Company shall afford
the Investor and its counsel with a reasonable opportunity to review and comment upon, shall consult with the Investor and its counsel on the form and substance of, and shall give reasonable consideration to all such comments from the Investor or
its counsel on, any press release, Commission filing or any other public disclosure made by or on behalf of the Company relating to the Investor, its purchases hereunder or any aspect of the Transaction Documents or the transactions contemplated
thereby, including any press release disclosing the execution of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement by the Company, prior to the issuance, filing or public disclosure thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company shall not be
required to submit for review any such disclosure (i) contained in periodic reports filed with the Commission under the Exchange Act if it shall have previously provided substantially the same disclosure to the Investor or its counsel for
review in connection with a previous filing or (ii) any Prospectus Supplement if it contains disclosure that does not reference the Investor, its purchases hereunder or any aspect of the Transaction Documents or the transactions contemplated
thereby. 
 Section 10.15. Severability. The provisions of this Agreement are severable and, in the
event that any court of competent jurisdiction shall determine that any one or more of the provisions or part of the provisions contained in this Agreement shall, for any reason, be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such
invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision or part of a provision of this Agreement, and this Agreement shall be reformed and construed as if such invalid or illegal or unenforceable provision, or part of such
provision, had never been contained herein, so that such provisions would be valid, legal and enforceable to the maximum extent possible. 

Section 10.16. Further Assurances. From and after the Closing Date, upon the request of the Investor
or the Company, each of the Company and the Investor shall execute and deliver such instrument, documents and other writings as may be reasonably necessary or desirable to confirm and carry out and to effectuate fully the intent and purposes of this
Agreement. 
 [Signature Pages Follow] 

  
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 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed
by their respective authorized officer as of the date first above written. 
  

			
	THE COMPANY:
	
	ASTRA SPACE, INC.:
		
	By:	 	/s/ Kelyn Brannon
	Name:	 	Kelyn Brannon
	Title:	 	Chief Financial Officer


  

			
	THE INVESTOR:
	
	B. RILEY PRINCIPAL CAPITAL II, LLC:
		
	By:	 	/s/ Patrice McNicoll
	Name:	 	Patrice McNicoll
	Title:	 	Authorized Signatory













 ANNEX I TO THE 

COMMON STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT 

DEFINITIONS 

“2021 Form 10-K” has the meaning set forth in the definition of
“Commission Documents”. 
 “Accountant” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 5.6(d). 
 “Actions” means any claim, action, suit, arbitration, proceeding or investigation by or
before any Governmental Authority. 
 “Additional Commitment Shares” means an aggregate of 359,097 shares of duly
authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock, which the Company shall cause its transfer agent to issue and deliver to the Investor as DWAC Shares in such amounts and at
such times as set forth in Section 10.1(ii)(b) of this Agreement. 
 “Additional Investor Expense
Reimbursement” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 10.1(i). 
 “Affiliate”
means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 144. 

“Aggregate Limit” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.1. 

“Agreement” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble of this Agreement. 

“Allowable Grace Period” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 

“Anti-Corruption Laws” means any applicable Laws relating to anti-bribery or anti-corruption (governmental or
commercial), including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended (the “FCPA”), the U.S. Travel Act, 18 U.S.C. § 1952, and the U.K. Bribery Act 2010, when applicable. 

“Average Price” means a price per Share (rounded to the nearest tenth of a cent) equal to the quotient obtained by
dividing (i) the aggregate gross purchase price paid by the Investor for all Shares purchased pursuant to this Agreement, by (ii) the aggregate number of Shares issued pursuant to this Agreement. 

“Bankruptcy Law” means Title 11, U.S. Code, or any similar U.S. federal or state bankruptcy Law or any Law for the
relief of debtors. 
 “Base Price” means a price per Share equal to the sum of (i) the Minimum Price and (ii)
$0.02 (subject to adjustment for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction that occurs on or after the date of this Agreement). 


  
 I-1 












 “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall have the meaning assigned to
such term in Section 3.5. 
 “Bloomberg” means Bloomberg, L.P. 

“Bring-Down Comfort Letter” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.17. 

“Bring-Down Negative Assurance Letter” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.17. 

“Broker-Dealer” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.13. 

“BRS” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Recitals. 

“Bylaws” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.3. 

“Charter” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.3. 

“Closing” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.2. 

“Closing Date” means the date of this Agreement. 

“Closing Sale Price” means, for the Common Stock as of any date, the last closing trade price for the Common Stock on
the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, on such Eligible Market), as reported by Bloomberg, or, if the Trading Market (or such Eligible Market, as applicable) begins to operate on an extended hours basis and
does not designate the closing trade price for the Common Stock, then the last trade price for the Common Stock prior to 4:00 p.m., New York City time, as reported by Bloomberg. All such determinations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock
splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar transactions during such period. 

“Code” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.24. 

“Commencement” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1. 

“Commencement Date” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1. 

“Commencement Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 10.1(iv). 
 “Commission” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission or any successor entity.

 “Commission Documents” shall mean (1) all reports, schedules, registrations, forms, statements, information
and other documents filed with or furnished to the Commission by the Company pursuant to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, including all material filed with or furnished to the Commission pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or
15(d) of the Exchange Act, since July 1, 2021, including, without limitation, the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-

  
 I-2 












 
K for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 filed by the Company with the Commission on March 31, 2022 (the “2021 Form
10-K”), and which hereafter shall be filed with or furnished to the Commission by the Company, including, without limitation, the Current Report and the Company’s Form 10-Q for the
fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2022 to be filed with the Commission on or about August 4, 2022 (the “Q2 2022 Form 10-Q”) (it being understood that the Q2 2022 Form 10-Q shall be deemed a Commission Document as of the date of
this Agreement notwithstanding that the Q2 2022 Form 10-Q shall be filed after the date of this Agreement), (2) each Registration Statement, as the same may be amended from time to time, the Prospectus contained therein and each Prospectus
Supplement thereto and (3) all information contained in such filings and all documents and disclosures that have been and heretofore shall be incorporated by reference therein. 

“Commitment Shares” means, collectively, the Initial Commitment Shares and the Additional Commitment Shares. 

“Common Stock” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals of this Agreement. 

“Common Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or its Subsidiaries which entitle the holder thereof to
acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, rights, options, warrants or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder
thereof to receive, Common Stock. 
 “Company” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble of this
Agreement. 
 “Compliance Certificate” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 7.2(ii). 

“Confidential Data” means all data for which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is required by Law, Contract or
privacy policy to keep confidential or private, including all such data transmitted to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries by customers of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Persons that interact with the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries. 
 “Contracts” means any legally binding contracts, agreements, subcontracts, leases, and purchase
orders. 
 “Cover Price” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.3. 

“COVID-19” means SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19, and any evolutions thereof or any other related or associated epidemics, pandemics or disease outbreaks. 

“Current Report” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.3. 

“Custodian” shall mean any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law. 

“Damages” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.1. 

“Data Treatment” means the analysis, receipt, collection, compilation, use, storage, processing, sharing,
safeguarding, security (both technical and physical), disposal, destruction, disclosure or transfer (including cross-border) of Personal Information. 

  
 I-3 












 “Disclosure Schedule” shall have the meaning assigned to such term
in the preamble to Article V. 
 “Disqualification Event” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 5.40. 
 “DOT” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.17(a). 

“DTC” means The Depository Trust Company, a subsidiary of The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation, or any
successor thereto. 
 “DWAC” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.33. 

“DWAC Shares” means shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to this Agreement that are (i) issued in electronic
form, (ii) freely tradable and transferable and without restriction on resale and without stop transfer instructions maintained against the transfer thereof and (iii) timely credited by the Company’s transfer agent to the
Investor’s (or its designee’s) specified DWAC account with DTC under its Fast Automated Securities Transfer (FAST) Program, or any similar program hereafter adopted by DTC performing substantially the same function. 

“EDGAR” means the Commission’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval System. 

“Effective Date” means, with respect to the Initial Registration Statement filed pursuant to Section 2(a) of the
Registration Rights Agreement (or any post-effective amendment thereto) or any New Registration Statement filed pursuant to Section 2(c) of the Registration Rights Agreement (or any post-effective amendment thereto), as applicable, the date on
which the Initial Registration Statement (or any post-effective amendment thereto) or any New Registration Statement (or any post-effective amendment thereto) is declared effective by the Commission. 

“Effectiveness Deadline” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 

“Eligible Market” means the New York Stock Exchange, The Nasdaq Global Market, The Nasdaq Capital Market, or the NYSE
American (or any nationally recognized successor to any of the foregoing). 
 “Environmental Laws” means any and all
applicable Laws relating to pollution, protection of the environment (including natural resources) and human health and safety, or the use, treatment, storage, emission, disposal or release of or exposure to Hazardous Materials. 

“Environmental Permits” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.18. 

“ERISA” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.24. 

“Evaluation Date” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.6(c). 

  
 I-4 












 “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. 
 “Exchange Cap” shall have the meaning
assigned to such term in Section 3.4(a). 
 “Exempt Issuance” means the issuance of (a) Common Stock,
options or other equity incentive awards to employees, officers, directors or vendors of the Company pursuant to any equity incentive plan duly adopted for such purpose, by the Company’s Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a
committee of the Board of Directors established for such purpose, (b) (1) any Securities issued to the Investor (or its designee) pursuant to the Transaction Documents, (2) any securities issued upon the exercise or exchange of or
conversion of any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents held by the Investor at any time, or (3) any securities issued upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Common Stock Equivalents issued and outstanding on the
date of this Agreement, provided that such securities referred to in this clause (3) have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or
conversion price of such securities, (c) securities issued pursuant to acquisitions, divestitures, licenses, partnerships, collaborations or strategic transactions approved by the Company’s Board of Directors or a majority of the members
of a committee of directors established for such purpose, which acquisitions, divestitures, licenses, partnerships, collaborations or strategic transactions can have a Variable Rate Transaction component, provided that any such issuance shall only
be to a Person (or to the equity holders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an asset in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and shall provide to the Company additional benefits in
addition to the investment of funds, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities, (d) shares of
Common Stock issued by the Company to the Investor (or its designee) in connection with any “equity line of credit” or other continuous offering or similar offering of Common Stock (other than the transactions contemplated by the
Transaction Documents) pursuant to one or more written agreements between the Company and the Investor or an Affiliate of the Investor executed after the date of this Agreement (if any), whereby the Company may sell shares of Common Stock to the
Investor or an Affiliate of the Investor at a future determined price, or (e) shares of Common Stock issued by the Company in any “at the market offering” or “equity distribution program” or similar offering of Common Stock
exclusively to or through B. Riley Securities, Inc. pursuant to one or more written agreements between the Company and B. Riley Securities, Inc. 

“FAA” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.17(a). 

“Filing Deadline” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 

“FINRA” means the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. 

“FINRA Filing” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.14. 

  
 I-5 












 “Fundamental Transaction” means that (i) the Company shall,
directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions, (1) consolidate or merge with or into (whether or not the Company is the surviving corporation) another Person, with the result that the holders of the Company’s capital stock
immediately prior to such consolidation or merger together beneficially own less than 50% of the outstanding voting power of the surviving or resulting corporation, or (2) sell, lease, license, assign, transfer, convey or otherwise dispose of
all or substantially all of the properties or assets of the Company to another Person, or (3) take action to facilitate a purchase, tender or exchange offer by another Person that is accepted by the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding
shares of Common Stock (excluding any shares of Common Stock held by the Person or Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the Persons making or party to, such purchase, tender or exchange offer), or (4) consummate a stock
or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another Person whereby such other Person
acquires more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (not including any shares of Common Stock held by the other Person or other Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such
stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination), or (5) reorganize, recapitalize or reclassify its Common Stock, or (ii) any “person” or “group” (as these terms are used for purposes of Sections 13(d)
and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) is or shall become the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of 50% of the aggregate ordinary voting power
represented by issued and outstanding Common Stock. 
 “Future Purchase Suspension” shall have the meaning assigned
to such term in Section 6.17. 
 “GAAP” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.6(b).

 “Government Bid” means a bid issued by a contractor that, if accepted or awarded, would result in a Government
Contract. 
 “Government Contract” means any Contract, as amended by binding modifications or change orders, between
the Company and (i) a Governmental Authority, (ii) any prime contractor of a Governmental Authority or (iii) any subcontractor with respect to any contract of a type described in clauses (i) or (ii) above. A task, purchase or
delivery order under a Government Contract will not constitute a separate Government Contract, for purposes of this definition, but will be part of the Government Contract to which it relates. 

“Governmental Authority” means any federal, state, provincial, municipal, local or foreign government, governmental
authority, regulatory or administrative agency, governmental commission, department, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality, court, arbitral body (public or private) or tribunal. 

“Governmental Order” means any order, judgment, injunction, decree, writ, stipulation, determination, directive,
mandate, consent, approval or award, in each case, entered by or with any Governmental Authority. 
 “Hazardous
Material” means any material, substance or waste that is listed, regulated, or defined as “hazardous,” “toxic,” or “radioactive,” or as a “pollutant” or “contaminant” (or words of
similar intent or meaning) under applicable Environmental Laws, including but not limited to petroleum, petroleum by-products or derivatives, asbestos or asbestos-containing material, polychlorinated
biphenyls, flammable or explosive substances, mold, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances or pesticides. 

  
 I-6 












 “Indebtedness” means, with respect to any Person as of any time,
without duplication, (a) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $100,000 (other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (b) all guaranties, endorsements, indemnities and other
contingent obligations in respect of Indebtedness of others in excess of $100,000, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable
instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (c) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $100,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, “Indebtedness” of any Person shall not include any item that would otherwise constitute “Indebtedness” of such Person that is an obligation between such Person and any
wholly owned Subsidiary of such Person or between any two or more wholly owned Subsidiaries of such Person. 
 “Initial Comfort
Letter” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 7.2(xvii). 
 “Initial Commitment
Shares” means 359,098 shares of duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock which, concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement on the
Closing Date, the Company has caused its transfer agent to issue and deliver to the Investor not later than 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately following the Closing Date pursuant to Section 10.1(ii)(a). 

“Initial Investor Expense Reimbursement” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 10.1(i). 

“Initial Registration Statement” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement.

 “Intellectual Property” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.17(b). 

“International Trade Laws” means all applicable export control, economic sanctions, import, and customs laws,
regulations, rules and licenses of the United States and other governments, including but not limited to, the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (“ITAR”) administered by the U.S. Department of State, the Export
Administration Regulations (“EAR”) administered by the U.S. Department of Commerce, the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (“IEEPA”) and the Trading with the Enemy Act
(“TWEA”), the sanctions, embargoes and restrictions administered by the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”), the Foreign Trade Regulations administered by
the U.S. Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Census, the anti-boycott regulations administered by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the U.S. Department of the Treasury, and the customs and import laws administered by the U.S. Department of
Homeland Security’s Customs and Border Protection (“CBP”). 
 “Intraday VWAP Purchase”
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.2. 

  
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 “Intraday VWAP Purchase Commencement Time” means, with respect to an
Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, the time that is the latest of: (i) the VWAP Purchase Ending Time of the VWAP Purchase Period for the VWAP Purchase preceding the Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for such Intraday
VWAP Purchase occurring on the same Purchase Date as such earlier VWAP Purchase, if the Company has timely delivered a VWAP Purchase Notice to the Investor for a VWAP Purchase on such Purchase Date, (ii) the Intraday VWAP Purchase Ending Time
of the Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for the most recent prior Intraday VWAP Purchase, if any, occurring on the same Purchase Date as such Intraday VWAP Purchase, and (iii) the Investor’s timely receipt (acknowledged by email
correspondence to each of the individual notice recipients of the Company set forth in the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice, other than via auto-reply) from the Company of the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice for such Intraday VWAP
Purchase on the applicable Purchase Date therefor. 
 “Intraday VWAP Purchase Ending Time” means, with respect to an
Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, the time on the Purchase Date for such Intraday VWAP Purchase that is the earliest of: (i) 3:59 p.m., New York City time, on the applicable Purchase Date for such Intraday VWAP
Purchase, or such earlier time publicly announced by the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, by such Eligible Market) as the official close of the primary (or “regular”) trading session on the
Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) on such Purchase Date; (ii) immediately at such time following the Intraday VWAP Purchase Commencement Time of the Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for such Intraday VWAP Purchase that the
total number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such Intraday VWAP Purchase Period has exceeded the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Volume Maximum for such
Intraday VWAP Purchase; provided, however, that the calculation of the total number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such Intraday VWAP Purchase
Period shall exclude from such calculation (A) the opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase
Date and (B) the last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official close of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date (as applicable); and
(iii) immediately at such time following the Intraday VWAP Purchase Commencement Time of the Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for such Intraday VWAP Purchase that the Sale Price of any share of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on such
Eligible Market, as applicable) during such Intraday VWAP Purchase Period is less than the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Minimum Price Threshold; provided, however, that the determination of whether the Sale Price of any share of
Common Stock traded during such Intraday VWAP Purchase Period is less than the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Minimum Price Threshold shall exclude (A) the opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of such
primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date and (B) the last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official close of such primary (or “regular”)
trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date (as applicable) (in each case, to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock
split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction). 

  
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 “Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount” means, with respect to an
Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, such number of shares of Common Stock equal to the lesser of: (i) 1,000,000, and (ii) the product of (a) the Purchase Share Percentage, multiplied by (b) the total number (or
volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during the Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for such Intraday VWAP Purchase; provided, however, that the calculation of the total
number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such Intraday VWAP Purchase Period shall exclude from such calculation (A) the opening or first purchase of Common
Stock at or following the official open of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date and (B) the last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official
close of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date (as applicable) (in each case, to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction). 
 “Intraday
VWAP Purchase Minimum Price Threshold” means, with respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, the dollar amount specified by the Company in the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice for such Intraday VWAP
Purchase as the per share minimum Sale Price threshold to be used in determining whether the event in clause (iii) of the definition of “Intraday VWAP Purchase Ending Time” shall have occurred during the applicable Intraday VWAP
Purchase Period for such Intraday VWAP Purchase (to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction);
provided, however, that if the Company has not specified any such dollar amount as the per share minimum Sale Price threshold in the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice for such Intraday VWAP Purchase, then the per share minimum
Sale Price threshold to be used in determining whether the event in clause (iii) of the definition of “Intraday VWAP Purchase Ending Time” shall have occurred during the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for such Intraday VWAP
Purchase shall be such dollar amount equal to the product of (a) the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding the Purchase Date for such Intraday VWAP Purchase, multiplied by (b) 0.75 (to be appropriately
adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction). 

“Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice” means, with respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, an
irrevocable written notice from the Company to the Investor directing the Investor to purchase a specified Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount (such specified Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount subject to adjustment as set forth in Section 3.2
as necessary to give effect to the Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount), at the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Price therefor on the Purchase Date for such Intraday VWAP Purchase in accordance with this Agreement, that is delivered by the
Company to the Investor and received by the Investor (i) after the latest of (X) 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on such Purchase Date, if the Company has not timely delivered a VWAP Purchase Notice to the Investor for a VWAP Purchase on
such Purchase Date, (Y) the VWAP Purchase Ending Time of the VWAP Purchase Period for the VWAP Purchase preceding the Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for such Intraday VWAP Purchase occurring on the same Purchase Date as such earlier VWAP
Purchase, if the Company has timely delivered a VWAP Purchase Notice to the Investor for a VWAP Purchase on such Purchase Date, and (Z) the Intraday VWAP Purchase Ending Time of the Intraday VWAP


  
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Purchase Period for the most recent prior Intraday VWAP Purchase, if any, occurring on the same Purchase Date as such Intraday VWAP Purchase, and (ii) prior to the earlier of (X) 3:30
p.m., New York City time, on such Purchase Date and (Y) such time that is exactly one (1) hour immediately prior to the official close of the primary (or “regular”) trading session on the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock
is then listed on an Eligible Market, on such Eligible Market) on such Purchase Date, if the Trading Market (or such Eligible Market, as applicable) has theretofore publicly announced that the official close of the primary (or “regular”)
trading session on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) on such Purchase Date shall be earlier than 4:00 p.m., New York City time, on such Purchase Date. 

“Intraday VWAP Purchase Period” means, with respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2,
the period on the Purchase Date for such Intraday VWAP Purchase, beginning at the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Commencement Time and ending at the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Ending Time on such Purchase Date for such Intraday VWAP
Purchase. 
 “Intraday VWAP Purchase Price” means, with respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to
Section 3.2, the purchase price per Share to be purchased by the Investor in such Intraday VWAP Purchase, equal to the product of (i) 0.97, multiplied by (ii) the VWAP of the Common Stock for the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Period on
the applicable Purchase Date for such Intraday VWAP Purchase; provided, that the calculation of the VWAP for the Common Stock for the Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for an Intraday VWAP Purchase, (A) during which Intraday VWAP Purchase
Period the opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of the primary (or “regular”) trading session on the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, on such Eligible
Market) on the Purchase Date for such Intraday VWAP Purchase has occurred, shall exclude from such calculation such opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of such primary (or “regular”) trading session
that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date, and (B) during which Intraday VWAP Purchase Period the last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official close of the primary (or “regular”) trading
session on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) on the Purchase Date for such Intraday VWAP Purchase has occurred (as applicable), shall exclude from such calculation such last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to
the official close of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date. All such calculations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock
combination, recapitalization or other similar transaction. 
 “Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount” means, with
respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, the total number of Shares to be purchased by the Investor in such Intraday VWAP Purchase as specified by the Company in the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice for such
Intraday VWAP Purchase, which total number of Shares shall not exceed the Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount applicable to such Intraday VWAP Purchase (and such number of Shares specified by the Company in the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase
Notice for such Intraday VWAP Purchase shall be subject to automatic adjustment in accordance with Section 3.2 hereof as necessary to give effect to the Intraday VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount limitation applicable to such Intraday VWAP Purchase
as set forth in this Agreement). 

  
 I-10 












 “Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Volume Maximum” means, with respect to
an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (i) the Intraday VWAP Purchase Share Amount to be purchased by the Investor in such Intraday VWAP
Purchase, by (ii) the Purchase Share Percentage (to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction).

 “Investment Period” means the period commencing on the Commencement Date and expiring on the date this Agreement
is subsequently terminated pursuant to Article VIII. 
 “Investor” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
the preamble of this Agreement. 
 “Investor Party” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 9.1. 
 “Issuer Covered Person” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.40. 

“IT Systems” means the Software, systems, servers, computers, hardware, firmware, middleware, networks, data
communications lines, routers, hubs, switches and all other information technology and telecommunications assets, systems, and equipment, and all associated documentation, in each case, owned, used, held for use, leased, outsourced or licensed by or
for the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for use in the conduct of their respective businesses as currently conducted. 

“Knowledge” means the actual knowledge of any of (i) the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chairman,
(ii) the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, (iii) the Company’s Chief Technology Officer, (iv) the Company’s Chief Business Officer and (v) the Company’s Chief Engineer and Executive Vice President of
Engineering and Operations, in each case after reasonable inquiry of all officers, directors and employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries under such Person’s direct supervision who would reasonably be expected to have knowledge or
information with respect to the matter in question. 
 “Law” means any statute, law (including common law), code,
treaty, ordinance, rule, regulation or Governmental Order, in each case, of any Governmental Authority. 
 “Leased Real
Property” means all real property leased, subleased, licensed or otherwise occupied by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. 

“Material Adverse Effect” means (i) any condition, occurrence, state of facts or event having, or insofar as
reasonably can be foreseen would likely have, any effect on the business, operations, properties or financial condition of the Company that is material and adverse to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, excluding any facts,
circumstances, changes or effects, individually or in the aggregate, exclusively and directly resulting from, relating to or arising out of any of the following: (a) changes in conditions in the U.S. or global capital, credit or financial
markets generally, including changes in the availability of capital or currency exchange rates, provided such changes shall not have affected the Company in a materially disproportionate manner as compared to other similarly situated companies,
(b) changes generally affecting the industries in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate, provided such changes shall not have affected the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, in a materially


  
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disproportionate manner as compared to other similarly situated companies, (c) any effect of the announcement of, or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by, this Agreement and
the Registration Rights Agreement on the Company’s relationships, contractual or otherwise, with customers, suppliers, vendors, bank lenders, strategic venture partners or employees, (d) changes arising in connection with earthquakes,
hostilities, acts of war, sabotage or terrorism or military actions or any escalation or material worsening of any such hostilities, acts of war, sabotage or terrorism or military actions existing as of the date hereof, (e) any effect of COVID-19 or any Law, directive, pronouncement or guideline issued by a Governmental Authority, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the World Health Organization or industry group providing for
business closures, changes to business operations, “sheltering-in-place” or other restrictions that relate to, or arise out of, an epidemic, pandemic
or disease outbreak (including the COVID-19 pandemic) or any change in such Law, directive, pronouncement or guideline or interpretation thereof following the date of this Agreement, (f) any
action taken by the Investor, any of its officers, its sole member or the Investor’s Broker-Dealer, or any of such Person’s successors with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement,
and (g) the effect of any changes in applicable laws or accounting rules, provided such changes shall not have affected the Company in a materially disproportionate manner as compared to other similarly situated companies; (ii) any
condition, occurrence, state of facts or event having, or insofar as reasonably can be foreseen would likely have, any material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the transactions
contemplated thereby; or (iii) any condition, occurrence, state of facts or event that would, or insofar as reasonably can be foreseen would likely, prohibit or otherwise materially interfere with or delay the ability of the Company to perform
any of its obligations under any of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party. 
 “Material Permits” shall
have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.17(a). 
 “Minimum Price” means $1.4040, representing the
average Nasdaq official closing price of the Common Stock on the Trading Market (as reflected on Nasdaq.com) for the five (5) consecutive Trading Days ending on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of this Agreement (subject to
adjustment for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction that occurs on or after the date of this Agreement). 

“MPA Period” means the period commencing at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Trading Day immediately preceding
the Trading Day on which any Affiliate of the Investor, including, without limitation, BRS, shall have published or distributed any research report (as such term is defined in Rule 500 of Regulation AC) concerning the Company, and ending at 6:00
a.m., New York City time, on the sixth (6th) Trading Day immediately following the Trading Day on which any Affiliate of the Investor, including, without limitation, BRS, shall have published or
distributed any research report (as such term is defined in Rule 500 of Regulation AC) concerning the Company. 
 “New
Registration Statement” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 

  
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 “Non-Affiliate Shares” shall
have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.41. 
 “Notice of Effectiveness” shall have the meaning
assigned to such term in Section 10.1(iv). 
 “PEA Period” means the period commencing at 9:30 a.m., New York
City time, on the fifth (5th) Trading Day immediately prior to the filing of any post-effective amendment to the Initial Registration Statement or any New Registration Statement, and ending at
9:30 a.m., New York City time, on the Trading Day immediately following, the Effective Date of such post-effective amendment. 

“Permits” means all permits, franchises, exemptions, allocations, filings, waivers, licenses, certificates of
authority, authorizations, approvals, registrations and other similar consents issued by or obtained from a Governmental Authority. 

“Person” means any person or entity, whether a natural person, trustee, corporation, partnership, limited partnership,
limited liability company, trust, unincorporated organization, business association, firm, joint venture or Governmental Authority. 

“Personal Information” means any personal information that specifically identifies, is reasonably capable of being
associated with, or could reasonably be linked, directly or indirectly, any particular individual or household. 
 “Privacy and
Security Requirements” means, to the extent applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries: (a) any Laws relating to privacy and data security, including laws regulating the Processing of Protected Data; (b) the Payment
Card Industry Data Security Standard issued by the PCI Security Standards Council, as it may be amended from time to time (“PCI DSS”); (c) all Contracts between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any
Person, on the other hand, that is applicable to the PCI DSS, privacy, data security and/or the Processing of Protected Data; and (d) all policies and procedures applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries relating to the PCI DSS,
privacy, data security and/or the Processing of Protected Data. 
 “Processing” means the creation, collection, use
(including, without limitation, for the purposes of sending telephone calls, text messages and emails), storage, maintenance, processing, recording, distribution, transfer, transmission, receipt, import, export, protection, safeguarding, access,
disposal or disclosure or other activity regarding data (whether electronically or in any other form or medium). 

“Prospectus” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 

“Prospectus Supplement” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 

“Protected Data” means Personal Information and Confidential Data. 

“Purchase Condition Satisfaction Time” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 7.3. 

  
 I-13 












 “Purchase Date” means, (i) with respect to a VWAP Purchase made
pursuant to Section 3.1, the Trading Day on which the Investor timely receives, (A) after 6:00 a.m., New York City time, and (B) prior to 9:00 a.m., New York City time, on such Trading Day, a valid VWAP Purchase Notice for such VWAP
Purchase in accordance with this Agreement, and (ii) with respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, the Trading Day on which the Investor timely receives a valid Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice for such Intraday VWAP
Purchase in accordance with this Agreement, (A) after the latest of (X) 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on such Trading Day, if the Company has not timely delivered a valid VWAP Purchase Notice to the Investor for a VWAP Purchase on such
Trading Day, (Y) the VWAP Purchase Ending Time of the VWAP Purchase Period for the VWAP Purchase preceding the applicable Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for such Intraday VWAP Purchase occurring on the same Trading Day as such earlier VWAP
Purchase, if the Company has timely delivered a valid VWAP Purchase Notice to the Investor for a VWAP Purchase on such Trading Day, and (Z) the Intraday VWAP Purchase Ending Time of the Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for the most recent prior
Intraday VWAP Purchase, if any, occurring on the same Trading Day as such Intraday VWAP Purchase, and (B) prior to the earlier of (X) 3:30 p.m., New York City time, on such Trading Day for such Intraday VWAP Purchase and (Y) such
time that is exactly one (1) hour immediately prior to the official close of the primary (or “regular”) trading session on the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, on such Eligible Market) on
such Trading Day, if the Trading Market (or such Eligible Market, as applicable) has publicly announced that the official close of the primary (or “regular”) trading session shall be earlier than 4:00 p.m., New York City time, on such
Trading Day. 
 “Purchase Share Delivery Date” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.3.

 “Purchase Share Percentage” means, with respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1 and with
respect to an Intraday VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.2, twenty percent (20.0%). 
 “Q2 2022 Form
10-Q” has the meaning set forth in the definition of “Commission Documents”. 
 “Qualified Independent
Underwriter” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in FINRA Rule 5121(f)(12). 
 “Registrable
Securities” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 
 “Registration
Period” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 
 “Registration Rights
Agreement” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals hereof. 
 “Registration
Statement” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. 
 “Regulation
D” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals of this Agreement. 

  
 I-14 












 “Representation Date” shall have the meaning assigned to such term
in Section 6.17. 
 “Restricted Party” means the following: (i) any Person on the OFAC list of Specially
Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons, List of Foreign Sanctions Evaders, or Sectoral Sanctions Identifications List; (ii) any Person on the Denied Persons List, Unverified List, or the Entity List maintained by the Bureau of Industry and
Security of the U.S. Department of Commerce; (iii) any Person on the Debarred List and non-proliferation sanctions lists maintained by the U.S. State Department; (iv) any Person that is, in the
aggregate, fifty percent (50%) or greater owned, directly or indirectly, or otherwise controlled by a Person or Persons described in clause (i), (ii) or (iii) so as to subject the Person to sanctions; (v) any Person that is organized,
ordinarily resident, or located in a Sanctioned Country; or (vi) any Person on any other list maintained by any relevant Governmental Authority restricting the export of any item to specific individuals, companies or other entities. 

“Restricted Period” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.9(i). 

“Restricted Person” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.9(i). 

“Restricted Persons” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.9(i). 

“Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended
from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same effect. 

“Sale Price” means any trade price for a share of Common Stock on the Trading Market, or if the Common Stock is then
traded on an Eligible Market, on such Eligible Market, as reported by Bloomberg. 
 “Sanctioned Country” means any
country or region that is the subject or target of a comprehensive embargo administered by the United States (including Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Venezuela, Sudan, Syria, Russia and the Crimea region of Ukraine). 

“Sarbanes-Oxley Act” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.6(d). 

“Section 4(a)(2)” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals of
this Agreement. 
 “Securities” means, collectively, the Shares and the Commitment Shares. 

“Securities Act” shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission
thereunder. 
 “Shares” shall mean the shares of Common Stock that may be purchased by the Investor under this
Agreement pursuant to one or more VWAP Purchase Notices or one or more Intraday VWAP Purchase Notices, but not including the Commitment Shares. 

“Short Sales” shall mean “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 promulgated under Regulation SHO under the
Exchange Act. 

  
 I-15 












 “Software” means any and all computer software programs and software
systems, including all computer software and code (including source code, executable code, and object code), databases and compilations (including any and all data and collections of data, whether machine readable or otherwise), compilers and
decompilers, development tools, menus, higher level or “proprietary” languages, templates, macros, user interfaces, report formats, firmware, data files, whether in source code, object code or human readable form, and all documentation and
materials (including user manuals, other specifications, training documentation, descriptions, flow-charts and other work product used to design, plan, organize and develop any of the foregoing) and know-how
relating to any of the foregoing. 
 “Subsidiary” shall mean any corporation or other entity of which at least a
majority of the securities or other ownership interest having ordinary voting power for the election of directors or other persons performing similar functions are at the time owned directly or indirectly by the Company and/or any of its other
Subsidiaries. 
 “Threshold Price” means $1.00, which shall be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization,
recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split or other similar transaction and, effective upon the consummation of any such reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash
dividend, stock split or other similar transaction, the “Threshold Price” shall mean the lower of (i) such adjusted price and (ii) $1.00. 

“Total Commitment” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.1. 

“Trading Day” shall mean any day on which the Trading Market or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible
Market, such Eligible Market is open for “regular” trading, including any day on which the Trading Market (or such Eligible Market, as applicable) is open for “regular” trading for a period of time less than the customary
“regular” trading period. 
 “Trading Market” means The Nasdaq Global Select Market (or any nationally
recognized successor thereto). 
 “Transaction Documents” means, collectively, this Agreement (as qualified by the
Disclosure Schedule) and the exhibits hereto, the Registration Rights Agreement, and the exhibits thereto, and each of the other agreements, documents, certificates and instruments entered into or furnished by the parties hereto in connection with
the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. 
 “Variable Rate Transaction” means a transaction in which the
Company (i) issues or sells any equity or debt securities that are convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or include the right to receive additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents either (A) at a conversion
price, exercise price, exchange rate or other price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for the Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such equity or debt securities, or (B) with a
conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial issuance of such equity or debt security or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events directly or indirectly related to the
business of the Company or the market for the Common Stock (including, without limitation, any “full ratchet” or “weighted average” anti-dilution provisions, but not including any standard anti-dilution


  
 I-16 












 
protection for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split or other similar transaction), (ii) issues or sells any equity or debt
securities, including, without limitation, Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, either (A) at a price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security or upon the occurrence of
specified or contingent events directly or indirectly related to the business of the Company or the market for the Common Stock (other than standard anti-dilution protection for any reorganization, recapitalization,
non-cash dividend, stock split or other similar transaction), or (B) that are subject to or contain any put, call, redemption, buy-back, price-reset or other
similar provision or mechanism (including, without limitation, a “Black-Scholes” put or call right, other than in connection with a “fundamental transaction”) that provides for the issuance of additional equity securities of the
Company or the payment of cash by the Company, or (iii) enters into any agreement, including, but not limited to, an “equity line of credit” or “at the market offering” or other continuous offering or similar offering of
Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, whereby the Company may sell Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents at a future determined price. 

“VWAP” means, for the Common Stock for a specified period, the dollar volume-weighted average price for the Common
Stock on the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, on such Eligible Market), for such period, as reported by Bloomberg through its “AQR” function; provided, however, that (i) the
calculation of the dollar volume-weighted average price for the Common Stock for the VWAP Purchase Period for each VWAP Purchase, (A) during which VWAP Purchase Period the opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official
open of the primary (or “regular”) trading session on the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, on such Eligible Market) on the Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase has occurred, shall exclude from
such calculation such opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date, and (B) during which
VWAP Purchase Period the last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official close of the primary (or “regular”) trading session on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) on the Purchase Date for such
VWAP Purchase has occurred (as applicable), shall exclude from such calculation such last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official close of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated
system on such Purchase Date; and (ii) the calculation of the dollar volume-weighted average price for the Common Stock for the Intraday VWAP Purchase Period for each Intraday VWAP Purchase, (A) during which Intraday VWAP Purchase Period
the opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of the primary (or “regular”) trading session on the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, on such Eligible Market) on
the Purchase Date for such Intraday VWAP Purchase has occurred, shall exclude from such calculation such opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is
reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date, and (B) during which Intraday VWAP Purchase Period the last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official close of the primary (or “regular”) trading session on
the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) on the Purchase Date for such Intraday VWAP Purchase has occurred (as applicable), shall exclude from such calculation such last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the
official close of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date. All such calculations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination,
recapitalization or other similar transaction. 

  
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 “VWAP Purchase” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in
Section 3.1. 
 “VWAP Purchase Commencement Time” means, with respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant to
Section 3.1, 9:30:01 a.m., New York City time, on the Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase, or such later time on such Purchase Date publicly announced by the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, by such
Eligible Market) as the official open of the primary (or “regular”) trading session on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) on such Purchase Date. 

“VWAP Purchase Ending Time” means, with respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1, the time on the
Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase that is the earliest of: (i) 3:59 p.m., New York City time, on the applicable Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase, or such earlier time publicly announced by the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is
then listed on an Eligible Market, by such Eligible Market) as the official close of the primary (or “regular”) trading session on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) on such Purchase Date; (ii) immediately
at such time following the VWAP Purchase Commencement Time of the VWAP Purchase Period for such VWAP Purchase that the total number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during
such VWAP Purchase Period has exceeded the applicable VWAP Purchase Share Volume Maximum for such VWAP Purchase; provided, however, that the calculation of the total number (or volume) of shares of Common Stock traded on the Trading
Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such VWAP Purchase Period shall exclude from such calculation (A) the opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of such primary (or “regular”)
trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date and (B) the last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official close of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in
the consolidated system on such Purchase Date (as applicable); and (iii) immediately at such time following the VWAP Purchase Commencement Time of the VWAP Purchase Period for such VWAP Purchase that the Sale Price of any share of Common Stock
traded on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such VWAP Purchase Period is less than the applicable VWAP Purchase Minimum Price Threshold; provided, however, that the determination of whether the Sale
Price of any share of Common Stock traded during such VWAP Purchase Period is less than the applicable VWAP Purchase Minimum Price Threshold shall exclude (A) the opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of
such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date and (B) the last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official close of such primary (or “regular”)
trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date (as applicable) (in each case, to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock
split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction). 

  
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 “VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount” means, with respect to a VWAP
Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1, such number of shares of Common Stock equal to the lesser of: (i) 1,000,000, and (ii) the product of (a) the Purchase Share Percentage, multiplied by (b) the total number (or volume) of
shares of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during the VWAP Purchase Period for such VWAP Purchase; provided, however, that the calculation of the total number (or volume) of shares
of Common Stock traded on the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) during such VWAP Purchase Period shall exclude from such calculation (A) the opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of
such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date and (B) the last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official close of such primary (or “regular”)
trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date (as applicable) (in each case, to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock
split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction). 
 “VWAP Purchase Minimum Price Threshold” means, with
respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1, the dollar amount specified by the Company in the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice for such VWAP Purchase as the per share minimum Sale Price threshold to be used in determining whether
the event in clause (iii) of the definition of “VWAP Purchase Ending Time” shall have occurred during the applicable VWAP Purchase Period for such VWAP Purchase (to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction); provided, however, that if the Company has not specified any such dollar amount as the per share minimum Sale Price
threshold in the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice for such VWAP Purchase, then the per share minimum Sale Price threshold to be used in determining whether the event in clause (iii) of the definition of “VWAP Purchase Ending Time”
shall have occurred during the applicable VWAP Purchase Period for such VWAP Purchase shall be such dollar amount equal to the product of (a) the Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding the Purchase Date
for such VWAP Purchase, multiplied by (b) 0.75 (to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction). 

“VWAP Purchase Notice” means, with respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1, an irrevocable
written notice delivered by the Company to the Investor, and received by the Investor, after 6:00 a.m., New York City time, and prior to 9:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase, directing the Investor to purchase a
specified VWAP Purchase Share Amount (such specified VWAP Purchase Share Amount subject to adjustment as set forth in Section 3.1 as necessary to give effect to the VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount), at the applicable VWAP Purchase Price therefor
on such Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase in accordance with this Agreement. 
 “VWAP Purchase Period” means,
with respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1, the period on the Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase, beginning at the applicable VWAP Purchase Commencement Time and ending at the applicable VWAP Purchase Ending Time on such
Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase. 
 “VWAP Purchase Price” means, with respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant
to Section 3.1, the purchase price per Share to be purchased by the Investor in such VWAP Purchase, equal to the product of (i) 0.97, multiplied by (ii) the VWAP of the Common Stock for the applicable VWAP Purchase Period on the applicable
Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase; provided, that the calculation of the VWAP for the Common Stock for the VWAP Purchase Period for a VWAP Purchase, (A) during which VWAP Purchase Period the opening or first purchase of


  
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Common Stock at or following the official open of the primary (or “regular”) trading session on the Trading Market (or, if the Common Stock is then listed on an Eligible Market, on such
Eligible Market) on the Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase has occurred, shall exclude from such calculation such opening or first purchase of Common Stock at or following the official open of such primary (or “regular”) trading session
that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date, and (B) during which VWAP Purchase Period the last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official close of the primary (or “regular”) trading session on
the Trading Market (or on such Eligible Market, as applicable) on the Purchase Date for such VWAP Purchase has occurred (as applicable), shall exclude from such calculation such last or closing sale of Common Stock at or prior to the official close
of such primary (or “regular”) trading session that is reported in the consolidated system on such Purchase Date. All such calculations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination,
recapitalization or other similar transaction. 
 “VWAP Purchase Share Amount” means, with respect to a VWAP
Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1, the total number of Shares to be purchased by the Investor in such VWAP Purchase as specified by the Company in the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice for such VWAP Purchase, which total number of Shares
shall not exceed the VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount applicable to such VWAP Purchase (and such number of Shares specified by the Company in the applicable VWAP Purchase Notice for such VWAP Purchase shall be subject to automatic adjustment in
accordance with Section 3.1 hereof as necessary to give effect to the VWAP Purchase Maximum Amount limitation applicable to such VWAP Purchase as set forth in this Agreement). 

“VWAP Purchase Share Volume Maximum” means, with respect to a VWAP Purchase made pursuant to Section 3.1, a
number of shares of Common Stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (i) the VWAP Purchase Share Amount to be purchased by the Investor in such VWAP Purchase, by (ii) the Purchase Share Percentage (to be appropriately adjusted for
any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction). 

  
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 EXHIBIT A 

FORM OF REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT 

[TO BE FURNISHED SEPARATELY] 

  
 A-1 












 EXHIBIT B 

CLOSING CERTIFICATE 

[•], 2022 
 The undersigned,
the Secretary of Astra Space, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), delivers this certificate in connection with the Common Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 2, 2022 (the
“Agreement”), by and between the Company and B. Riley Principal Capital II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Investor”), and hereby certifies on the date hereof, solely in her capacity
as an executive officer of the Company that (capitalized terms used herein without definition have the meanings assigned to them in the Agreement): 

1. Attached hereto as Exhibit A is a true, complete and correct copy of the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of
the Company, as amended through the date hereof, as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the “Certificate of Incorporation”). The Certificate of Incorporation of the Company has not been further amended
or restated, and no document with respect to any amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company has been filed in the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware since the date shown on the face of the state certification
relating to the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation, which is in full force and effect on the date hereof, and no action has been taken by the Company in contemplation of any such amendment or the dissolution, merger or consolidation of the
Company. 
 2. Attached hereto as Exhibit B is a true and complete copy of the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company, as amended and restated
through, and as in full force and effect on, the date hereof (the “Bylaws”), and no proposal for any amendment, repeal or other modification to the Bylaws of the Company has been taken or is currently pending before the Board
of Directors or stockholders of the Company. 
 3. The Board of Directors of the Company has approved the transactions contemplated by the
Transaction Documents; said approval has not been amended, rescinded or modified and remains in full force and effect as of the date hereof. Attached hereto as Exhibit C are true, correct and complete copies of the resolutions duly adopted by
the Board of Directors of the Company on August 1, 2022. 
 4. Each person who, as an officer of the Company, or as attorney-in-fact of an officer of the Company, signed the Transaction Documents to which the Company is a party, was duly elected, qualified and acting as such officer or duly
appointed and acting as such attorney-in-fact, and the signature of each such person appearing on any such document is his genuine signature. 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have signed my name as of the date first above written. 

 

	
	
	   

	Name: Kelyn Brannon
	Title: Secretary



  
 B-1 












 EXHIBIT C 

COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE 

The undersigned, the [•] of Astra Space, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), delivers this certificate
in connection with the Common Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 2, 2022 (the “Agreement”), by and between the Company and B. Riley Principal Capital II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the
“Investor”), and hereby certifies on the date hereof, solely in [his][her] capacity as an executive officer of the Company that, to the best of her knowledge after reasonable investigation, on behalf of the Company
(capitalized terms used herein without definition have the meanings assigned to them in the Agreement): 
 1. The undersigned is the duly
appointed [•] of the Company. 
 2. Except as set forth in the attached Disclosure Schedule, the representations and warranties of the
Company set forth in Article V of the Agreement (i) that are not qualified by “materiality” or “Material Adverse Effect” are true and correct in all material respects as of [the Commencement Date] [the date hereof] with the
same force and effect as if made on [the Commencement Date] [the date hereof], except to the extent such representations and warranties are as of another date, in which case, such representations and warranties are true and correct in all material
respects as of such other date and (ii) that are qualified by “materiality” or “Material Adverse Effect” are true and correct as of [the Commencement Date] [the date hereof] with the same force and effect as if made on [the
Commencement Date] [the date hereof], except to the extent such representations and warranties are as of another date, in which case, such representations and warranties are true and correct as of such other date. 

3. The Company has performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with all covenants, agreements and conditions required by the
Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement to be performed, satisfied or complied with by the Company [at or prior to Commencement][on or prior to the date hereof]. 

4. The Shares issuable in respect of each VWAP Purchase Notice and each Intraday VWAP Purchase Notice effected pursuant to the Agreement, and
the Additional Commitment Shares issuable pursuant to Section 10.1(ii)(b) under the Agreement, shall be delivered to the Investor electronically as DWAC Shares, and shall be freely tradable and transferable and without restriction on resale and
without any stop transfer instructions maintained against such Shares and Additional Commitment Shares, respectively. In accordance with Section 10.1(iv) of the Agreement, the Initial Commitment Shares have been delivered to the Investor
electronically as DWAC Shares, and the Initial Commitment Shares are freely tradable and transferable and without restriction on resale and without any stop transfer instructions maintained against the Commitment Shares. 

5. As of [the Commencement Date][the date hereof], the Company does not possess any material
non-public information. 
 6. As of [the Commencement Date][the date hereof], the Company has
reserved out of its authorized and unissued Common Stock, (i) 359,097 shares of Common Stock for the purpose of issuing Additional Commitment Shares pursuant to Section 10.1(ii)(b) under the Agreement and (ii) [•] shares of Common Stock
solely for the purpose of issuing Shares pursuant to VWAP Purchases and Intraday VWAP Purchases effected under the Agreement. 
 7. No stop
order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the use of the Prospectus under the Securities Act has been issued and no proceedings for such purpose or pursuant to Section 8A of the Securities Act are pending before or, to
the Knowledge of the Company, threatened by the Commission. 

  
 C-1 












 The undersigned has executed this Certificate this [•] day of [•], 202[•].

  

	
	By:                                     
                               
	Name:
	Title:



  
 C-2