NOT FOR PUBLICATION

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

NANNAN YANG, 

Petitioner, 

 v. 

WILLIAM P. BARR, Attorney General, 

Respondent.

No. 15-71913 

Agency No. A087-718-634 

MEMORANDUM*

On Petition for Review of an Order of the

Board of Immigration Appeals

Submitted July 14, 2020**

Before: CANBY, FRIEDLAND, and R. NELSON, Circuit Judges. 

Nannan Yang, a native and citizen of China, petitions pro se for review of 

the Board of Immigration Appeals’ order dismissing her appeal from an 

immigration judge’s decision denying her application for asylum, withholding of 

removal, and relief under the Convention Against Torture (“CAT”). We have 

jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C. § 1252. We review for substantial evidence the 

* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent 

except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.

** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision 

without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).

FILED

JUL 21 2020

MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK

U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
2 15-71913 

agency’s factual findings. Zehatye v. Gonzales, 453 F.3d 1182, 1184-85 (9th Cir. 

2006). We deny the petition for review.

Substantial evidence supports the agency’s determination that Yang failed to 

establish she suffered harm that rises to the level of persecution. See Gu v. 

Gonzales, 454 F.3d 1014, 1019-21 (9th Cir. 2006) (detention, beating, and 

interrogation did not compel a finding of past persecution); see also Wakkary v. 

Holder, 558 F.3d 1049, 1059-60 (9th Cir. 2009) (beatings, robberies, and 

discrimination did not cumulatively rise to the level of persecution). Substantial 

evidence also supports the agency’s determination that Yang did not establish a 

well-founded fear of future persecution. See Duran-Rodriguez v. Barr, 918 F.3d 

1025, 1029 (9th Cir. 2019) (“Absent evidence of past persecution, [petitioner] must 

establish a well-founded fear of future persecution by showing both a subjective 

fear of future persecution, as well as an objectively ‘reasonable possibility’ of 

persecution upon return to the country in question.”) (quoting Recinos De Leon v. 

Gonzales, 400 F.3d 1185, 1190 (9th Cir. 2005)); see also Gu, 454 F.3d at 1022 

(petitioner failed to present “compelling, objective evidence demonstrating a wellfounded fear of persecution”). Thus, Yang’s asylum claim fails.

Because Yang failed, for purposes of asylum, to establish past harm severe 

enough to rise to a level of past persecution or to establish a well-founded fear of 

such harm in the future, she necessarily fails to meet the more stringent standard 
3 15-71913 

required for withholding of removal. See Zehatye, 453 F.3d at 1190 (recognizing 

that the withholding of removal requirement to show a “clear probability” of 

persecution is “more stringent than the well-founded fear standard governing 

asylum.”). 

Finally, substantial evidence supports the agency’s denial of CAT relief 

because Yang failed to show it is more likely than not she will be tortured by or 

with the consent or acquiescence of the government if returned to China. See Aden 

v. Holder, 589 F.3d 1040, 1047 (9th Cir. 2009). 

PETITION FOR REVIEW DENIED.