PLDO

Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator 

Training

Instructor Guide

Prepared by the Interagency Aerial Ignition Group

Revised April 24, 2015
Revised January 29, 2015

PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 2 -

PLDO

Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator

Revision History

Version Description Date

1.00 Original Materials Date

1.10 Incorporate all PSD Manufacturer’s training curriculum 

into one instructor guide.

1.29.2015
Revised January 29, 2015

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PLDO

Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator

Course Overview

What is the purpose of the course?

The purpose of this course is to provide you with a working knowledge of the various 

PSD machines approved for use by the Interagency Aerial Ignition Guide.

Who are the intended participants? 

Interagency personnel who utilize the Plastic Sphere Dispenser for aerial ignition 

missions.

Course Prerequisites:

Prior to requesting enrollment in PLDO, prospective students must complete the 

following pre-requisites: 

Specific required training and qualifications can be found in the current Federal 

Wildland Qualifications Supplement to the NWCG PMS 310-1. 

http://www.nwcg.gov/pms/docs/supplement-2015.pdf

REQUIRED TRAINING:

National Incident Management System, An Introduction (IS-700)

Introduction to ICS (ICS-100)

Annual Fireline Safety Refresher (RT-130)

Aviation Transport of Hazardous Material (A-110); triennial requirement

Plastic Sphere Dispenser (N-9016)

Annual Plastic Sphere Dispenser Refresher (RT-9016), required annually after 

initial training

REQUIRED EXPERIENCE:

Satisfactory performance as Project Helicopter Crewmember (minimum)

AND

Interagency PLDO Training: A minimum of one successful assignment to include 

a minimum1-hour in-flight machine operation and completion of the position Task 

book

PHYSICAL FITNESS LEVEL:

None

How is the course conducted?

Instructor-led delivery in classroom with hands-on demonstration of the skills identified 

in the position tasksheet for PLDO.
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What are the minimum instructor qualifications for the course?

This will vary based on agency specific requirements.

What are the course objectives?

At the conclusion of this course, participants will be able to:

1. Identify the approved Plastic Sphere Dispenser (PSD) machines approved for 

use as identified in the Interagency Aerial Ignition Guide.

2. Identify the organization required for a safe operation.

3. Identify the requirements for safely working with the hazardous materials 

involved with PSD operations.

4. Demonstrate knowledge of the operational functions before, during and after 

the project.

5. Demonstrate knowledge of the firing commands and actions of a PSD 

operator.

6. Demonstrate knowledge of emergency procedures.

7. List three advantages of using the PSD machine versus the helitorch aerial 

ignition device.

8. Identify the parts and basic functions of each PSD machine.

9. Demonstrate knowledge to perform routine maintenance on the PSD 

machine.

10. Demonstrate knowledge and perform a bench-test of the PSD machine.

11. Demonstrate knowledge and perform the operational functions of the Plastic 

Sphere Dispenser Operator (PLDO) duties as identified in the position Task 

book.

What is required to pass the course?

Include any specific requirements to pass the course, i.e. exam minimum score, 

proficiency demonstrations, etc. 

Logistical Information:

Recommended Class Size: 2 Min. 20 Max.

Length of Course: Approximately 4 - 6 hrs.

Supplies: 

 Computer/laptop

 Projector

 Screen

 Speakers

 Course electronic presentation slides

 Course Participant Guide

 Student Roster
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 OAS-111 Student Course Evaluations

 Course Exam

 Hardcopy or electronic version of the Interagency Aerial Ignition Guide for each 

student

 Position Task book for each student

 Plastic Sphere Dispenser Machine with tool kit

 Personal Protective Equipment for bench testing equipment.

 Appropriate equipment as identified in the Interagency Aerial Ignition Guide for 

bench testing equipment (metal bucket, glycol, potassium permanganate 

spheres, 40 rated B:C fire extinguisher, 5-gallons of water, etc...).

Internet Connection (not mandatory, but useful) for video and resource files to 

demonstrate effective PSD Operations.
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PLDO

Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator

Course Map

Module 2: Operations

Module 3: Fuels and 

Fire Behavior

Welcome and

Course Introduction

Module 5: Resources

and References

Module 1: Organization 

and Safety

Module 4: Function and 

Maintenance

Summary 

Appendices

(Includes your 

Resources or 

References)
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Est. Instruction 

Time: varied.

Welcome and Course Introduction

PPT – Title Slide

to be inputted by 

instructor related 

to equipment on 

site.

PPT – Introduction

Welcome the students to the course.

Introduce yourself.

Have participants introduce themselves. You could have them 

share some of the following information (as time allows):

 Name

 Where do you work?

 Have you ever been involved in aerial ignition operations 

or used a Plastic Sphere Dispenser before?

PPT - Participant 

Workbook

Participant Workbook

Ensure each student has a Participant Workbook. Explain that 

this is designed to be a guided note-taking tool as well as a 

source of valuable information for review. Participants will be 

asked to refer to it throughout the course.

Instructor Note: The icon in the lower right corner on some of 

the presentation slides indicates the page reference that the 

student should be viewing in the Participant Workbook. 

PPT – Course 

Purpose

PPT – Course 

Objectives

Course Purpose

This course is designed to provide you with a working 

knowledge of the various PSD machines approved for use by 

the Interagency Aerial Ignition Guide.

This instructor guide is designed to be used for all the PSD 

presentations, regardless of what is on site for inspection 

or field use. The slide presentation will vary based on which 

machine is being used and local modifications.

The instructor guide will cover the aspects of PSD 

operations common to all machines. 

The final unit PSD Function and Maintenance provides the 

information for all three of the machines however the instructor 

should focus their delivery for the machine(s) that is on-site for 
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use and bench testing with the remaining information as 

optional.

Course Objectives

Introduce the Course Objectives. 

At the conclusion of this course, participants will be able to:

1. Identify the approved Plastic Sphere Dispenser (PSD) 

machines approved for use as identified in the 

Interagency Aerial Ignition Guide.

2. Identify the organization required for a safe operation.

3. Identify the requirements for safely working with the 

hazardous materials involved with PSD operations.

4. Demonstrate knowledge of the operational functions 

before, during and after the project.

5. Demonstrate knowledge of the firing commands and 

actions of a PSD operator.

6. Demonstrate knowledge of emergency procedures.

7. List three advantages of using the PSD machine 

versus the helitorch aerial ignition device. 

8. Identify the parts and basic functions of each PSD 

machine.

9. Demonstrate knowledge to perform routine 

maintenance on the PSD machine.

10. Demonstrate knowledge and perform a bench-test of 

the PSD machine.

11. Demonstrate knowledge and perform the operational 

functions of the Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator 

(PLDO) duties as identified in the position Task book.

Explain that as you cover each module, the specific objectives 

for that module will be addressed.

Segue to next module: Organization and Safety

Let’s take a look at what is required for a safe PSD operation.
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Est. Instruction 

Time: XX min.

Module 1: Organization and Safety

PPT – Module 1 Introduce the module/topic:

The Plastic Sphere Dispenser, otherwise known as PSD 

machine, was developed to provide a method of igniting 

continuous surface fuels in a short time, on large acreage 

without causing undue damage to the over story. It is cost 

effective, environmentally acceptable, simple to use and readily 

available.

In general PSD operations are essentially a self-contained 

operation with the PLDO and possibly one assistant are the 

only personnel required.

The PSD ignition method may be used in any stand that can be 

burned by conventional methods. The plastic sphere ignition 

system is an excellent tool for hazard fuel reductions in pine 

plantations. This system is safe, efficient, and economical for 

users to burn with less risk to the plantation than by using the 

helitorch ignition system.

PPT – Objectives Objective(s):

After completing this module, participants should be able to:

1. Identify the approved Plastic Sphere Dispenser 

(PSD) machines approved for use as identified in the 

Interagency Aerial Ignition Guide.

2. Identify the organization required for a safe 

operation.

3. Identify the requirements for safely working with 

the hazardous materials involved with PSD operations.

Key teaching points to accomplish module objectives:

 Discuss the machines approved for use for PSD 

operations

 Discuss the minimum safety organization needed for 

PSD operations

 Identify the safety requirements for working with PSD 

equipment.
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PPT – Title of 

Slide

PPT – Title of 

Slide

Est. Time for 

Activity: XX min.

PW Page: XX

Overview

PSD operations require the helicopter to maintain flight below

500 feet above ground level (AGL) and at a speed of less than 

50 mph. The recommended operational flight altitude is 300 feet 

AGL.

Hovering out of ground effect (HOGE) is the typical flight profile. 

The Pilot must keep altitude, airspeed, wind direction and 

aircraft capabilities and limitations in mind during all phases of 

flight operations. 

The Interagency Aerial Ignition Guide identifies 3 PSD 

machines that have been approved for use for the Department 

of the Interior and US Forest Service agencies. They are:

1. Premo Mark III Aerial Ignition Device 

http://www.sei-ind.com/products/premo-fire-ignition-products

2. SEI Red Dragon 

http://www.sei-ind.com/products/premo-fire-ignition-products

3. Aerostat PSDS Mark V 

http://www.aerostatinc.com/MarkVUserTools.asp

The basic function of the PSD machine is the same for each 

manufacturer: to inject undiluted ethylene glycol into a plastic 

sphere containing potassium permanganate and to expel the 

primed sphere from the aircraft after which an exothermic 

reaction takes place. 

The ethylene glycol commonly used is standard vehicle

antifreeze. Other types of antifreeze may not contain enough

ethylene glycol to create proper reaction with the potassium

permanganate. These other types of antifreeze include

biodegradable, RV, and antifreeze with high concentrations of

additives. Propylene glycol is not to be used.

The rate of chemical reaction is dependent on particle size

and concentration of the chemicals involved. Water-glycol

solutions ranging from 90 to 100% concentration of ethylene

glycol (common antifreeze) is advocated and will provide a 

reliable ignition with a time delay of at least 20 seconds.

All shipping cases are labeled with the recommended

percentage of glycol solution needed to obtain the desired time 
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delay for the sphere type in the case.

Let’s take a look at the organization and safety practices

necessary for a safe operation.

Instructor Note: Review the current copy of the Interagency 

Aerial Ignition Guide for changes in approved equipment 

since the completion of the instructor guide.

Interaction/Activity: REVIEW QUESTION

Question: What are the three approved PSD machines 

identified in the aerial ignition guide?

Answer: Premo Mark III, Red Dragon, and Aerostat PSDS 

Mark V.

PPT – Title of 

Slide

PPT – Title of 

Slide

Est. Time for 

Activity: XX min.

PW Page: XX

Organization, Personnel Qualifications and 

Responsibilities

As with any special use mission, the pilot and aircraft must be 

carded for aerial ignition operations, and a project aviation 

safety plan (PASP) completed and approved prior to 

commencing prescribed fire operations.

1. Burn Boss (Qualified as Prescribed Fire Burn Boss 1 or 2 

(RXB1 / RXB2)

o Has complete authority for firing operation.

o Directs firing operation.

o Develops the firing plan.

o Performs the initial briefing.

o Details assignments of each boss/supervisor and the 

pilot.

o May be located in the aircraft with the PSD Operator.

2. Firing Boss (Qualified as a Firing Boss (FIRB)

o Reports to Burn Boss.

o Instructs the pilot as to the plan, firing sequences and 

keeps the pilot informed throughout the entire operation.

o Directs the PSD operator.

o May be functioning as collateral duty/Burn Boss.

o May also be called Ignition Specialist

3. PSD Operator (Qualified as Plastic Sphere Dispenser 

Operator (PLDO)
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o Works for the Firing Boss/Ignition Specialist.

o Briefs the pilot, identifies safety requirements at the 

operations briefing and monitors overall operation.

o Provides information on aerial safety procedures to be 

used by the Firing Boss/Ignition Specialist.

o Prepares, operates and maintains the PSD machine.

o Observes spacing of ignition of spheres and makes 

recommendations to Firing Boss/Ignition Specialist for 

adjustments to meet project objectives.

o Monitors operation of PSD machine and takes 

appropriate action should a malfunction occur.

o Determines whether a fire contained within the machine 

can be safely extinguished or if the unit must be 

jettisoned in coordination with the pilot.

o Communicates with the pilot and Firing Boss/Ignition 

Specialist on all procedures associated with the 

operation and/or emergencies occurring during the 

operation.

4. Pilot

(Carded for Aerial Ignition Operations – Current, confirm 

prior to commencing operations.)

o Responsible for all matters related to aircraft operations 

and safety.

o Follows the ignition plan under the direction of the firing 

boss.

o Oversees the PSD installation to the aircraft.

o Completes the helicopter performance planning using 

the load calculation form.

5. Helicopter Manager (may have collateral duties as PSD 

Operator – PLDO)

o Qualified as Helicopter Manager (HMGB) and manages 

the helicopter in compliance with agency policy.

6. Helibase Support (Helibase Manager (HEB2) required if 2 

or more helicopters are on-site)

a. Helibase Fire Protection: At a minimum, one 

40-B:C rated fire extinguisher and five gallons of 

water will be positioned at the helibase.

i. Provide crash rescue and evacuation 

equipment at the helibase.

b. Radio Operator: Will be positioned at the 

helibase.

i. Will initiate radio communications with 

Burn Boss and dispatch.
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Communications: Internal and External

1. Internal Communications

o All personnel inside the ship must have the ability to 

communicate via intercom. 

o Consider a noise cancelling mic for the PSD Operator to 

reduce wind noise.

2. External Communication

o Use a dedicated air to ground frequency to communicate 

to holding forces.

o Some burns may use only one frequency

o All flight following requirements will be followed by the 

pilot.

Hazardous Material Handling 

(Completing A-110 Aviation Transport of Hazardous Materials is 

a prerequisite to this training. http://www.iat.gov/)

All hazardous materials handling will be in compliance with the 

following Renewed Hazmat Special Permit: DOT-SP-9198 

(Sixteenth Revision) 

http://oas.doi.gov/dts/library/TechBull/TB_2015-02.pdf

1. Potassium permanganate and ethylene glycol are classified 

as hazardous materials by DOT regulations. Use in aerial 

ignition devices by the USDA Forest Service and US Dept. of 

the Interior is exempt from these regulations under the above 

mentioned permit as long as handling is in compliance of the 

permit.

o Under NO circumstances will extra ethylene glycol 

be carried on board the aircraft.

o The glycol tank MUST be filled and capped at least 25

feet away from the aircraft.

o When transporting to the project site, spheres and glycol 

MUST be in separate compartments.

o Absolutely NO batteries will be carried on board the 

aircraft to operate the PSD machine.

2. Storage of spheres containing potassium permanganate

o Keep boxes dry and rotate stock regularly.

o Store away from ethylene glycol and petroleum products.
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o Sweep away residue and spills promptly.

o Unused spheres should be stored in a clean plastic bag 

and place in the original box.

CAUTION: An inadequate quantity of ethylene glycol injected 

into the sphere can induce a violent reaction causing the sphere 

to spin or roll and spray a hot mixture of potassium 

permanganate and ethylene glycol a considerable distance.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

1. Approved ALSE rated Flight Helmet (ex: SPH-5)

2. Fire resistant/Nomex® long sleeved shirt and pants or 

Nomex® flightsuit. (PSD operator should be prepared for 

very cold temperatures in flight and consider wearing 

natural fiber undergarments and/or a Nomex® or Natural 

fiber jacket.)

3. Leather or leather/Nomex® flight gloves

4. Leather boots minimum above the ankles, pants should 

cover the tops or the boots when the PSD operator is sitting 

down.

5. Approved harness, tether and tether attachment. 

6. Approved seat belt cutter for cutting strap in case of the 

need to jettison the PSD.

7. Fire Shelter for EACH occupant of the helicopter.

Interaction/Activity: REVIEW QUESTIONS:

Question: What Personal Protective Equipment is required for 

the PSD Operator?

Answer: Approved ALSE rated Flight Helmet, Fire 

resistant/Nomex® long sleeved shirt and pants or Nomex® 

flightsuit, leather or leather/Nomex® flight gloves, leather boots 

minimum above the ankles, pants should cover the tops or the 

boots when the PSD operator is sitting down, approved 

harness, tether and tether attachment, approved seat belt cutter 

for cutting strap in case of the need to jettison the PSD, and a 

fire shelter.

Question: Can the spheres and glycol be transported in the 

same compartment if they are both in factory sealed 

containers?

Answer: No!!
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 15 -

Segue to next module: Operations

Let’s take a look at the steps to conduct safe PSD Operations.
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Est. Instruction 

Time: XX min.

Module 2: Operations

PPT – Module 2 Introduce the module/topic:

PPT – Objectives Objective(s):

After completing this module, participants should be able to:

4. Demonstrate knowledge of the operational 

functions before, during and after the project.

5. Demonstrate knowledge of the firing commands 

and actions of a PSD operator.

6. Demonstrate knowledge of emergency 

procedures. 

Key teaching points to accomplish module objectives:

 Discuss the elements of the mission briefing.

 Discuss safety procedures to follow while bench testing 

equipment.

 Discuss general bench testing procedures.

 Discuss elements of the helibase briefing.

 Discuss the steps in preparation of PSD operations.

PPT – Title of 

Slide

PPT – Title of 

Slide

Est. Time for 

Activity: XX min.

PW Page: XX

Prior to Operations

Mission Briefing 

Prior to any special use mission a mission or operational 

briefing must take place. The Project Aviation Safety Plan is 

great tool to brief to the mission. During the mission briefing the 

following items should be addressed:

1. Objectives

2. Organization and Personnel

3. Assignments

4. Air Operations Summary (if applicable)

5. Weather

6. Fire Behavior

7. Communication Plan

8. Medical Plan

9. Crash Rescue Plan

(1) Roles and Responsibilities
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(2) Engines, hand crews, dozers and aircraft 

10.Contingency Plan (for escape)

Once the mission has been briefed, it’s time to bench test the 

equipment to make sure everything is functioning properly. 

PSD Bench Test 

The purpose of the bench test is to confirm proper operation of 

the PSD and proper sphere ignition. 

This phase of the training requires the activation of ignited 

spheres that has the potential to create several safety hazards 

to personnel and adjoining property if not properly conducted.

The following safety procedures will be followed during bench

testing:

1. The training site must be outdoors and clear of buildings, 

vehicles, aircraft, and flammable materials.

2. Adequate fire extinguishers and water sources must be 

available.

3. During this testing, spheres shall not be dropped in the 

water. If moisture is allowed to come in contact with an 

injected live sphere, the sphere may be propelled 

erratically long distances endangering personnel and 

property.

4. The wind direction must be considered so that the 

operator and trainees will stay clear of the smoke.

5. During bench testing operations, designated individuals 

will remove activated spheres from the test area.

6. The students shall wear eye and hand protection, and 

flight gloves.

7. The test platform needs to be a minimum of 30 inches 

high and stable to allow for the proper installation of the 

PSD (i.e., PSD box, heavy duty picnic table, or bench).

Testing Procedures:

Review manufacturers manual and procedures for bench 

testing.

1. Bench testing should occur in an appropriate safe area.

2. To calibrate the machine, use empty plastic spheres to 

determine proper calibration. Calibration instructions 

are contained in manufacturer’s manual.
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CAUTION: Place DRY metal bucket under chute. NO WATER

in bucket.

3. Temperature and humidity may affect ignition delay, 

causing delays to be greater than 20 seconds. Colder 

temperatures will cause longer ignitions, often as long as 

40 to 60 seconds. This is an appropriate ignition

timeframe if all spheres are igniting.

4. During machine start-up, it is normal for two of the first 

four spheres that pass through the machine to not be 

injected with sufficient glycol to promote ignition due to 

the cam sequence and slipper block location. It is 

recommended to promote priming of the glycol pump by 

running for 30 seconds prior to adding balls into the 

slipper blocks for testing purposes.

This test need only be conducted once at the start of the day. 

Cleaning should follow the bench test in accordance with 

manufacturer’s specifications.

Specific details of bench testing individual machines will be 

covered in the PSD Function and Maintenance Unit.

Helibase Briefing

1. Organization and personnel

2. Communications

3. Landing Areas

4. Safety / Hazards

5. Operations

6. Administration

The Interagency Helicopter Operations Guide (IHOG) has 

the Helibase Briefing Checklist (HJA-1) which is a helpful 

tool for this briefing and can be found in Appendix A.

Preparation for Aerial Ignition

1. The PLDO and the Pilot must discuss flight 

profiles for aerial ignition operations which shall 

be jointly determined before each mission by the 

pilot and crew based on the environment and 

mission. The pilot and burn crew shall minimize 

their time inside the Height/Velocity “avoid” areas 

as much as possible. Any flight profile that results 
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 19 -

in transference of risk to ground operations must 

be mitigated to the extent possible. 

2. In addition, crew resource management 

discussions must occur between the pilot, 

Prescribed Fire Burn Boss, Helicopter Manager, 

and PLDO’s prior to all ignition operations. The 

discussion shall focus on a heightened awareness 

of the risks involved in low level flights the 

limitations section of the flight manual and be 

familiar with the limitation of flight with the door(s) 

removed.

3. Helicopters shall be equipped with a power source 

for PSD. 

4. A bulkhead mounted MS 3112E- 12 3S, 3-pin 

connector shall be provided. Pin B shall be 

airframe ground. Pin A shall be +28 V.C. for a 28-

volt aircraft system. Pin C shall be +14 for a 14-

volt aircraft system. The circuit shall be protected 

by a 5-amp circuit breaker. The mating connector 

for the Government-furnished PSD shall be an MS 

3116E-12-3P wired with the same pin

assignments. Reference a wiring diagram in the 

aircraft procurement document.

5. Remove appropriate door/doors.

6. Remove all loose cushions and other loose 

materials.

7. Locate and assure proper electrical connections.

8. Utilize approved aircraft hard point anchor or 

install tether attachments to hard points per 

instructions on MTDC drawing # 993 (See 

Appendix B.)

9. Install secondary restraint using approved

carabiner and adjust tether length. A properly 

adjusted tether shall insure that the operator is 

restrained inside the aircraft and will not reach 

beyond the sill of the aircraft if the seat belt should 

become unbuckled during flight.

10.Fill glycol tank at least 25 feet from aircraft.

11.Fill water storage tank.

12.Ensure adequate supply of plastic spheres is 

available to complete project.

13.Ensure one-gallon container of water and seatbelt 

cutter is on board, secured, and are readily 

accessible.

14.Fire shelters for all occupants must be on board 

and accessible, and one or more hand tools are 

recommended.
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 20 -

Preflight Briefing 

1. The pilot, ignition specialist, and PSD operator must be

present at the pre-mission aircraft briefing. This is the 

standard pilot preflight aircraft safety briefing that in addition 

should address:

a. Safety / Aerial Hazards

b. Weight and Balance

c. In-flight Commands

d. Emergency Procedures

e. Frequency Management

f. Available Flight Time

g. Aircrew Responsibilities

h. PSD Go / No Go checklist.

2. The pilot and/or mechanic must inspect and approve 

of the PSD machine installation.

3. Preflight Test of the PSD Machine

Sphere ignition delay time need not be checked in the 

Preflight Test if the Bench Test has been performed.

CAUTION: Do not conduct this test near refueling area 

or in flashy ground fuels.

Test procedures are as follows:

a) Place metal container under the exit chute.

b) Connect power leads

c) Power on – A/C.

d) Start up the PSD

e) Deposit one sphere in a slipper block/shuttle block to 

track calibration.

f) Once the sphere has dropped into the metal 

container, remove it from the vicinity of the aircraft.

g) Time ignition delay by measuring time of injection to 

ignition. Repeat as necessary.

h) Check system for leaks.

i) Test PSD emergency water system.

j) Secure Machine

k) Fill hopper with spheres.

l) Check intercom communications and air-to-ground 

communications.
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 21 -

Inflight Operations

Dry Run over Burn Area Procedures 

1. Check that ignition area is clear of personnel. 

2. Identify burn area boundaries.

It is important that all parties (burn boss/ignition 

specialist, pilot, and PLDO) understand where the 

firing is to be done. This includes the starting points, 

ending points, and desired placement and spacing.

3. Ensure communication with ground personnel. 

4. Make practice run of the first firing sequence. 

5. Coordinate machine speed and sphere spacing to be 

used on first run with RXB1/2 or FIRB 

6. Identify helispots and emergency landing areas. 

7. After a dry run and prior to aerial firing the crew will 

evaluate the risk assessment mitigations and readjust as 

necessary. The RXB1/2 or FIRB will confirm that all ground 

personnel are clear of the area and that firing may 

commence. 

Once the dry run is complete and personnel are clear of the 

area

RXB1/2 or FIRB communicates to PLDO, “Prepare to fire; 

activate machine.” 

1. Operator actions: 

a. Activates machine 

b. PLDO communicates toRXB1/2 or FIRB,

“Ready to fire.” 

2. RXB1/2 or FIRB communicates to PLDO to “Start 

firing/Number of chutes or machine speed” 

3. PLDO replies, “Firing/Number of chutes or machine 

speed.” 

4. Operator monitors machine operation and refills hopper 

as needed. Operator observes spheres after they have 

made contact with the ground to confirm ignition. 

5. When appropriate, RXB1/2 or FIRB communicates, 
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 22 -

“Prepare to stop firing.” 

6. PLDO places hand on controls and communicates, 

“Ready to stop.” 

7. RXB1/2 or FIRB gives the order “Stop firing.” 

8. PLDO closes chutes and responds, “Firing stopped.” 

9. PLDO observes last sphere clear of the PSD and relays, 

“Machine cleared.” 

Clear communication is critical to prevent inadvertent 

dropping of spheres outside of burn area boundaries.

10. RXB1/2 or FIRB gives order to PLDO to “secure 

machine” or “prepare to fire.” 

o If securing the machine, operator actions:

a. Hopper feed switch off

b. Drive motor off

c. Glycol pump off

11. PLDO responds appropriately. 

12. Conduct a post mission debriefing that includes a 

review and update of hazards and risk mitigations. 

Emergency Procedures

PLDO notifies Pilot of problem and gives brief description.

1. Pilot should maintain aircraft flight in the burn area until 

emergency is resolved.

2. PLDO closes chute feed handles.

3. Jammed Machine: PLDO pulls manual assist wheel 

outward and rotates forward then backward. If 

obstruction clears, turn on drive motor, check circuit 

breaker, and notify Pilot and RXB 1/2 FIRB crew before 

resuming operations.

4. Fire in the Machine: PLDO pushes red button 

(emergency water) and holds button depressed for up to 

30 seconds. If necessary, uses additional container of 

water to extinguish fire by pouring down feed chutes in 

hopper. If problem persists, land as soon as possible
Revised January 29, 2015

PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 23 -

5. PLDO notifies Pilot of problem status and takes

appropriate actions.

Although there are two types of machine malfunctions that can 

leave a live sphere in the machine and will cause a fire inside, 

the emergency corrective procedure is the same. 

Post Operations

1. Conduct and After Action Review (AAR) to identify 

areas for improvement and highlight the strengths of 

the operation.

2. Remove and clean the PSD Machine according to 

manufacturer’s instructions.

3. Complete the PSD Log for use.

Complete required documentation: Unit log, training 

documentation, flight use invoice, and SAFECOM if applicable.

Interaction/Activity: REVIEW QUESTION

Question: What are the two actions to be taken if a fire occurs 

in the machine?

Answer:

1. Notify the Pilot

2. Press the Emergency Water Switch

Segue to next module: Fuels and Fire Behavior

An understanding of the fire environment will help PLDO’s 

understand the advantages of using the PSD machine to 

achieve specific burn objectives. 
Revised January 29, 2015

PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 24 -

Est. Instruction 

Time: XX min.

Module 3: Fuels and Fire Behavior

PPT – Module 3 Introduce the module/topic:

An understanding of the fire environment will help PLDO’s 

understand the advantages of using the PSD machine to 

achieve specific burn objectives. 

PPT – Objectives Objective: 

After completing this module, participants should be able to:

7. List three advantages of using the PSD machine 

versus the helitorch aerial ignition device. 

Key teaching points to accomplish module objectives:

 Discuss advantages and disadvantage of using the PSD 

versus the helitorch.

PPT – Title of 

Slide

PPT – Title of 

Slide

Est. Time for 

Activity: XX min.

PW Page: XX

Fire Environment

Aerial ignition can utilize firing patterns that could not be 

implemented by ground forces due to safety concerns. 

The PSD machine was developed to provide a method of 

igniting ground fuels, in a short time, on large acreage without 

causing undue damage to the over story. 

Faster speed, additional chutes and strip spacing/timing could

create a more intense burn pattern. Likewise a slower speed, 

fewer chutes and strip spacing/timing could produce a lower 

intensity burn pattern.

PSD operators should maintain situational awareness of the 

flight pattern as it relates to approaching fuel types, the ignition 

pattern, and unit boundaries.

Fuels, weather, topography, fire behavior and ignition pattern 

interact to create fire effects.

The desired objectives of the plan will determine the fire type:

1. surface fire

2. crown fire

Adjustments to firing patterns can be made to produce fire 
Revised January 29, 2015

PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 25 -

effects that will meet burn objectives.

If the objective is to burn the over story with a rate of high 

mortality, the helitorch would be a more effective tool to create 

that desired condition.

Advantages of PSD versus the Helitorch Aerial Ignition 

Device

Better Control

 Firing Boss onboard helicopter

 Operator can assess / address problems

 Operator can monitor quantity of spheres remaining

Less Complex

 Separate helibase is not required

 Spheres safer to transport and handle

Lower Cost

 Lower equipment cost

 Less support staff

Fire Behavior

 Minimum damage to the tree canopy

 Possible to lay very long ignition lines

Disadvantages of PSD versus the Helitorch Aerial Ignition 

Device

Fire Behavior

 Spheres burn for a shorter time

 Cannot duplicate the helitorch drop pattern

 Fire lines take longer to form

Safety

 Possible fire in PSD

 Requires constant operator attention

 Pilot cannot jettison PSD

Instructor Note:

Additional training of fire behavior and ignition operations can 

be found in the following NWCG Training Courses: 

http://training.nwcg.gov/

S-290 Intermediate Wildland Fire Behavior 

S-219 Firing Operations
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 26 -

Interaction/Activity: REVIEW QUSTION

Question: Aerial ignition can utilize firing patterns that could 

not be implemented by ground forces due to safety concerns.

True or False?

Answer: True.

Segue to next module: PSD Function and Maintenance

Let’s take a look at the function of each PSD Machine.
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 27 -

Est. Instruction 

Time: XX min.

Module 4: PSD Function and Maintenance

PPT – Module 4 Introduce the module/topic:

This unit covers all the PSD Machines approved for use. Focus 

the learning objective to the machine(s) on site for bench 

testing. (Example: If the Premo Mark III is the only machine for 

use and bench testing, that is all that is covered – the 

additional sections are OPTIONAL to cover for 

informational purposes only.)

The Missoula Technology and Development Center has the 

latest information for Aerial Ignition. 

http://www.fs.fed.us/t-d/aerial_ign/plsphere/training/index.htm

This site is your information source for:

o Equipment and spare parts information

o Operating manuals and guides

o Links to training sites

o Mixing instructions and Material Safety Data Sheets 

(MSDS)

o Ignition system residue reports

o Links to aviation, D.O.T. (Department of Transportation), 

and other Web sites

PPT – Objectives Objective(s):

After completing this module, participants should be able to:

8. Identify the parts and basic functions of each PSD 

machine.

9. Demonstrate knowledge to perform routine 

maintenance on the PSD machine.

10. Demonstrate knowledge and perform a bench-test of 

the PSD machine.

11. Demonstrate knowledge and perform the operational 

functions of the Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator 

(PLDO) duties as identified in the position Task book.

Key teaching points to accomplish module objectives:

 Identify the individual parts of the PSD Machine.

 Identify the basic functions of the PSD Machine.
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 28 -

 Identify the routine maintenance procedures for the PSD 

Machine.

 Identify the steps to bench test the PSD Machine.

 Identify the steps to perform the operational functions of 

the PLDO duties as identified in the position Task book

located in Appendix C.

PPT – Title of 

Slide

PPT – Title of 

Slide

Est. Time for 

Activity: XX min.

PW Page: XX

Premo Mark III Aerial Ignition Device

The Premo Mark III is the most common machine in use for 

PSD operations. 

Incorporated into the mainframe of the Premo Mark III are the 

power train, glycol pump, glycol tank, separate water reservoir 

and pump, slipper blocks and injection mechanism.

The dispenser contains four slipper blocks and chutes. The 

drive motor speed and the number of chutes open can be 

varied to determine the number and spacing of ignition sources 

on the ground.

Power is supplied to the dispenser from the aircraft power 

supply (24V DC) through a quick-disconnect fitting. A central 

control panel contains all the electrical components and 

switches to operate the different stations such as the main 

drive, glycol pump, slow-fast speed and the emergency water 

supply. The switches are series wired so that the drive motor 

can be operated independently of the pump but the pump will 

not operate unless the drive motor is turned on. This allows 

cycling of unprimed spheres for testing. Caution however, 

should always be taken, as a small amount of glycol may enter 

a sphere even if the glycol pump is not on. Care should be 

taken to dispose of these test spheres appropriately. 

(See Section 6 of Premo PSD manual for electrical 

schematics.)

Parts of the dispenser and function

A. Main frame: Constructed of heavy gauge aluminum, 61 

pounds with glycol.

B. Cap for glycol tank: Must be tight, leak proof, and vented.

Check seal. Note: Ethylene Glycol is corrosive to the airframe.
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 29 -

C. Feed chute: Feeds balls from hopper to injection assembly.

D. Hopper: Holds 450 spheres. Separate unit that mounts on 

the mainframe. Contains motorized shaker that prevents the 

balls from jamming.

E. Tie down straps: Two-inch wide nylon webbing used to 

secure machine to aircraft. (Longer straps will be required for 

some types of aircraft.)

F. Power cable: From aircraft. 12- or 24-volt. 

G. Emergency water tank: Holds .8 gallons. The emergency 

water supply is for extinguishing fires in the PSD. 

H. Feed control: Four levers control ball entry to slipper blocks.

Determines number of spheres ejected. Newer models have

locking levers. 

I. Manual assist: Gear used to manually cycle injection 

mechanism. It is used to clear PSD following a power loss or 

jam.

J. Exit chute: Ensures all spheres will fall clear of aircraft.

Ensure knurled nuts and wing nuts are tight. Extensions are 

used in some aircraft.

K. Control panel: Switches, fuses and breakers to control

pumps, emergency water, main power, and slipper block speed.

L. Hopper power cord: Provides power to shaker assembly in 

the hopper.

M. Hopper controls: Switches, fuses and breakers.

N. Transparent plastic lid: Must be on Premo Mark III.

Specifications

o Main frame mass, glycol full 27.5 kg 61.0 lb.

o Hopper and chutes 10.5 kg 23.0 lb.

o Emergency water tank full 3.8 kg 8.5 lb.

o Hopper capacity (450 spheres) 2.7 kg 6.0 lb.

o Approximate operational weight 44.5 kg 98.0 lb.

o Glycol tank volume 9.0 liters 2.4 US

o Emergency water tank volume 3.2 liters 0.8 US
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 30 -

Instructor Note: Emergency water is power dependent.

Cleaning and Maintenance

A. Tool Kit

1. 1/8 and 3/16 Slot screwdrivers

2. No.0, No.1 and No.2 Philips Screwdrivers

3. No.1 Robertson screwdriver (square drive)

4. Set of Imperial Allen keys

5. Set of wrenches (5/16, 3/8, 7/16, 1⁄2, 9/16, 5/8, 11/16)

6. Adjustable pliers and adjustable wrench

7. Wire cutters and wire strippers

8. Soldering iron and solder

9. Small smooth file for emergency touch up to the needles

10.Cleaner or degreaser

11.Small can of lubricant (Tri-Flow or Never-Seize)

12.Permatex No.2 form-a-gasket sealant for all pipe threads 

(non-hardening)

13.Brass wool for cleaning

14.Small brush for cleaning

15.Special rubber tool to remove light bulbs

B. Spare Parts

1. Fuses 5A, 2A, 2 amp circuit breakers (Klixon)

2. Needles (set of four)

3. Valve springs (set of four)

“O” rings for valve stems (set of four)

4. Pump

5. Drive motor

6. Bulbs for indicator lights

7. Solenoid

Instructor Note: The motors used for the main drive and the 

hopper are identical, however, the hopper motor uses the 

high-speed wire for its operation. The pumps used for the 

glycol and the emergency water are also identical. It is 

therefore only necessary to carry one of each to ensure rapid 

replacement. 

C. Cleaners and Lubricants

Use a citrus based cleaner / degreaser to clean (Simple Green® 

or equivalent).
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 31 -

D. Daily Cleaning for Multiple Day Operations

1. Wipe down hopper

2. Check linkages for wear

3. Inspect glycol & water pumps and hose connections

4. Clean using cloth and cleaner / degreaser as required

5. Check condition of needles and sharpen as required

6. Check pump(s) operation

7. Clean needle block assembly area regularly

8. Clean using a cloth and cleaner / degreaser

9. Check for smooth operation and signs of wear

10.Wipe tank surfaces with cloth to remove any glycol

11.Check tanks and lines for signs of leakage

E. Long Term Storage

1. Drain the glycol tank

2. Drain the water tank

3. Store PSD indoors at room temperature

4. Store PSD spheres in a dry location to avoid humidity

5. Confirmed, specific shelf life is not currently known 

exactly but reducing stored spheres from exposure to 

humidity can extend the life of the spheres and see 

consistent performance over many years.

http://www.premofire.com

http://www.sei-ind.com/fireignition

Interaction/Activity: REVIEW – HANDS ON

Ask students to demonstrate how to perform the bench 

test and maintenance on the PSD machine.

PPT – Title of 

Slide

Red Dragon

In 2006 SEI Industries introduced its Red Dragon Dispenser 

and Dragon Egg Spheres aerial ignition spheres.

Parts of the dispenser and function

A. Mounting System

o Removable adapter fits the body contour of Bell 206 
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 32 -

PPT – Title of 

Slide

Est. Time for 

Activity: XX min.

PW Page: XX

series aircraft. For aircraft with flat cabin floors, an 

adapter is not required.

o Nylon “Y” strap secures dispenser to the aircraft. 

Standard strap suits all type III helicopters.

B. Tank Assembly

o Acts as a frame to which other components are mounted

o Contains the water and glycol tanks.

o Drain valves for tanks

 

C. Hopper

o Stores 950 unprimed spheres.

o Agitator provides a constant supply of spheres to the 

feed gates.

o Receives power from gate assembly via an automatically

mating plug.

 

D. Feed Gate Assembly

o Controls the flow of spheres from the Hopper into the

Injection Head.

o Easily removable from the Injection Head.

o Feed gate position controlled by a toggle switch on the

remote control.

o Manual override to close and lock the feedgate.

 

E. Injection Head

o Injects the spheres with glycol.

o One reciprocating shuttle with two sphere cavities.

o Two constant displacement glycol pumps that inject the

same amount of glycol regardless of drop rate. No need 

to calibrate.

o Water nozzles connected to the emergency water tank 

and pump to direct water into the injection chamber.

o Manual hand wheel to drive cam and shuttle in case of 

power failure. Machine can be turned in either direction.

 

F. Outlet Chute

o Guides primed spheres from the Injection Head to a 

point below the aircraft.

 

G. Main Control Panel

o Houses the main control board, switches and indicators.

o “RUN/STOP” switch controls the hopper motor and 

enables the injection drive motor.

o “RUN/STOP” indicator illuminates when the hopper 

motor is turned on. It flashes when the injection drive 

motor is running.
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 33 -

o “WATER” switch activates the emergency water pump.

This switch is always active because of battery backup.

o “LOW WATER” indicator illuminates when the water level 

is too low and the machine will not start.

o “RESET” switch controls the count display. Pushing the

switch toggles between trip count and lifetime count.

Pushing and holding resets the trip count.

o “POWER” indicator illuminates when the machine is 

connected to an external power source.

o “MOTOR FAULT” indicator illuminates when the injection

drive is jammed.

o Pump indicator illuminates when the emergency water 

pump is operating.

o Segment LED displays the sphere count and low battery 

warning message.

 

H. Tethered Remote Control

o Controls the feed gates and adjusts the drop rate.

o Seven-position “SPEED” knob to adjust the drop rate.

o “FEED GATE” momentary toggle switch opens and 

closes the feed gates and controls the injection drive 

motor.

o “POWER” indicator illuminates when dispenser is

connected to an external power source.

o “RUN/STOP” indicator illuminates when hopper motor is

turned on. It flashes when injection drive motor is 

running.

o “FAULT” indicator flashes when there is a problem.

 

I. Power Cords

o The main power cord connects dispenser to aircraft’s 

power system using a standard MS3116F-12-3P plug.

o The auxiliary power cord connects to the auxiliary power

supply or to batteries.

Dispenser Specifications

 

1. Performance

 # of Speeds 7

 Min Drop Rate 25 spheres per minute

 Max Drop Rate 175 spheres per minute

 Hopper Capacity 950 spheres

 2. Power

 Voltage 24-324 – 32 VDC2 VDC

 Connector MS3116F-12-3P (A +28, B Gnd)

 Circuit Breaker 5A, MS3320

 3. Fluid Volumes
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 34 -

 Glycol Tank 0.8 gal 3.2 liter (5000 spheres)

 Water Tank (Full) 0.5 gal 1.9 liter

 Water Tank(Min) 0.4 gal 1.5 liter

 4. Weights

 Red Dragon 48.0 lb. 21.8 kg

 Spheres (950) 10.0 lb. 4.5 kg

 Ethylene Glycol 7.9 lb. 3.6 kg

 Emergency Water 4.1 lb. 1.9 kgl Weight 70.0 lb. 31.8 kg

 5. Dimensions

 Length 24.5 in 63 cm

 Width 10.8 in 27 cm

Height (No Base) 19.0 in 61 cm

Cleaning and Maintenance

A. Tool Kit

1. 1/4” Slotted Screwdriver

2. #1 Phillips Screwdriver

3. 7/16” Combination Wrenches

4. Long Nose Pliers

5. 1/8” Allen Key Wrench

6. 2.5 mm Allen Key Wrench

7. Tip Cleaner Set

8. Metal Bristle Brush

9. Scotch Brite® Abrasive Pad

B. Spare Parts

1. (2) Injection Needles

2. 6mm x 12” Blue Tube

3. 6mm x 12” Red Tube

4. 8mm x 32” Red Drain Tube

5. (2) 6mm Tube Caps

C. Cleaners and Lubricants

1. Use a citrus based cleaner / degreaser to clean the Red

Dragon (Simple Green® or equivalent).

2. The running surfaces of the injection head are selflubricating. Do not lubricate with WD-40® or light 

machine oil. These will cause potassium permanganate 

residue to accumulate and may cause mechanical 

seizure.

D. Daily Cleaning for Multiple Day Operations

1. Hopper

(a) Remove the hopper from the Red Dragon

(b) Empty any remaining spheres.

(c) Wipe down interior of hopper
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 35 -

(d) Check agitator and linkage for signs of wear.

2. Gate Assembly

(a) Unlock gate and remove assembly from

injection head.

(b) Unlock the feed gate control rod using 

screwdriver.

(c) Clean the sphere paths using a cloth and a 

citrus based cleaner / degreaser.

(d) Close gates using manual knob and check 

lock.

3. Glycol Pumps

(a) Remove glycol pump assemblies from 

injection head

(b) Clean using cloth and cleaner / degreaser as 

required

(c) Check condition of needles and sharpen as 

required.

(d) Check the pump operation.

4. Injection Head

(a) Loosen any potassium permanganate residue 

from the shuttle and injection block using the 

wire brush provided.

(b) Clean the surfaces of the injection block and 

shuttle using a cloth and cleaner / degreaser 

as required.

(c) Rotate the handwheel and check for smooth 

operation

(d) Check cam guides and shuttle guides for signs 

of wear.

(e) Replace the glycol pumps.

5. Tank Assembly

(a) Wipe down surfaces with cloth to remove and 

glycol

(b) Check tanks and lines for signs of leakage.

E. Long Term Storage

1. Drain the glycol tank.

(a) Insert drain tubing into drain valve.

(b) Using screwdriver, rotate drain valve so slot is 

vertical.

(c) Close drain valve when empty.

2. Drain the water tank.

(a) Insert drain tubing into drain valve.

(b) Using screwdriver, rotate drain valve so slot is 

vertical.

(c) Close drain valve when empty.
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 36 -

Interaction/Activity: REVIEW – HANDS ON

Ask students to demonstrate how to perform the bench 

test and maintenance on the PSD machine.

Aerostat PSDS Mark V

Aerostat introduced the PSDS Mark V which has the same 

footprint at the Premo Mark III but with a stronger hopper and 

chassis and lighter gross weight. The parts of the dispenser 

and function are the same as the Premo Mark III. It uses the 

same diameter sphere as the Premo Mark III.

Dispenser Specifications

1. Dispenser weight fully assembled less glycol and 

water 65 lbs.

2. Power source 24 – 28 VDC

3. Dimensions fully assembled

length 27.25 inches

width 10.50 inches

height 26.00 inches

4. Hopper capacity (approx.) 450 spheres

5. Glycol tank capacity 2.4 gal.

6. Emergency water tank capacity .8 gal.

7. Sphere Diameter 1.25 inches

8. Sphere shell material High Impact Polystyrene

Cleaning and Maintenance

A. Tool Kit (Comes with PSDS Mark V)

1. Screw Drivers

2. Cleaning Brushes

3. Tape

4. Pliers

5. Spare Hose and Fitting

6. Scotch Brite® Abrasive Pad

7. Hex Keys

8. Knife

9. Wrenches

10.Spare Hardware

B. Spare Parts
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 37 -

Provided in the tool kit listed above.

C. Cleaners and Lubricants

To clean the MARK V it is recommended that the user 

purchase a bottle of white vinegar and a bottle of 3% 

hydrogen peroxide. 

Prepare a mixture containing:

1 part water

2 parts white vinegar

1 part 3% hydrogen peroxide

For lubricating the machine, a non-drying, oily film lubricant 

such as LPS2 in aerosol form along with an extension tube 

that can be inserted in the nozzle is ideal.

1. Liberally apply the lubricant to the slipper block 

assembly then use the manual assist wheel to move 

the blocks several times to spread the lubricant 

around evenly.

2. Using an extension tube on the lubricant can spray 

each plunger in the manifold block close to where the 

plunger enters the block. Then depress each plunger 

several times to spread the lubricant.

3. Insert the extension tube behind the manual assist 

wheel into the chain drive cover and spray. Turn the 

manual assist wheel about a half turn and spray 

again. This will get lubricant on to the drive chain and 

drive gears.

Keep in mind that a machine can never be over lubricated 

providing the right lubricant is used.

SAFETY NOTE: Do not store the cleaning solution near 

aerial ignition spheres as contact between the two may 

result in ignition.

Contact Aerostat, Inc. at (352) 787-1348 for support if 

needed.

D. Daily Cleaning for Multiple Day Operations

1. In a well-ventilated area using rubber gloves and 

goggles apply the solution to the machine (i.e., use a 

spray bottle, a brush, cloth, etc.).

2. Work the solution into heavily soiled spots with a 

brush and then let it stand for no more than 15 

minutes [Note: If left on more than 15 minutes the 
Revised January 29, 2015

PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 38 -

solution may begin to corrode some metal parts.]

3. Spray the machine with a water hose to remove all of 

the solution. Once it is completely rinsed [Note: Don’t 

forget the rinse the bottom of the machine.] move it to 

a dry location and allow it to air dry.

E. Long Term Storage

Carefully remove the dispenser from the helicopter and place it 

on a solid surface.

1. Empty any spheres that may be remaining in the 

hopper and inspect the four chutes to be certain no 

spheres are left in them.

2. Remove the hopper from the mainframe section of 

the dispenser.

3. Drain the water tank by removing the cap and then 

lifting it from the PSD and turning it over.

4. Drain the glycol by positioning the machine so that 

the drain valve located at the bottom of the glycol 

tank is accessible. Open the valve and allow the 

glycol to flow out into a container.

5. Place the stabilization tray into the transit case so 

that it will sit under the mainframe.

6. Place the mainframe and hopper in their respective 

places in the transit container. (NOTE: When properly 

placed in the container the tops of both the 

mainframe and hopper should be parallel to the upper 

edge of the case.)

7. Place the drop chute extension in the case making 

certain it is properly placed in the designated spot.

8. Close the transit case lid and make sure it latches. 

[NOTE: If the lid does not drop down easily and latch 

the machine is not properly positioned in the case.]

Interaction/Activity: REVIEW – HANDS ON

Ask students to demonstrate how to perform the bench 

test and maintenance on the PSD machine.

Segue to next module: References and Resources
Revised January 29, 2015

PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 39 -

Est. Instruction 

Time: XX min.

Module 5: References and Resources

PPT – Module 5 Introduce the module/topic:

The Aerial Ignition Unit is committed to providing up-to-date 

information to the users in the field. 

PPT – Title of 

Slide

PPT – Title of 

Slide

Est. Time for 

Activity: XX min.

PW Page: XX

Resources

The Missoula Technology and Development Center has the 

latest information for Aerial Ignition. 

http://www.fs.fed.us/t-d/aerial_ign/plsphere/training/index.htm

This site is your information source for:

o Equipment and spare parts information

o Operating manuals and guides

o Links to training sites

o Mixing instructions and Material Safety Data Sheets 

(MSDS)

o Ignition system residue reports

o Links to aviation, D.O.T. (Department of Transportation), 

and other Web sites

The Bureau of Land Management’s Aviation Website also 

provides limited information related to aerial ignition training.

http://www.blm.gov/nifc/st/en/prog/fire/Aviation/training.html
Revised January 29, 2015

PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 40 -

Est. Instruction 

Time: XX min.

PPT – Summary

PPT – Objectives 

Review

Summary

Review the course objectives and address any remaining 

questions. 

Objectives: 

1. Identify the approved Plastic Sphere Dispenser 

(PSD) machines approved for use as identified in the 

Interagency Aerial Ignition Guide.

2. Identify the organization required for a safe operation.

3. Identify the requirements for safely working with the 

hazardous materials involved with PSD operations.

4. Demonstrate knowledge of the operational functions 

before, during and after the project.

5. Demonstrate knowledge of the firing commands and 

actions of a PSD operator.

6. Demonstrate knowledge of emergency procedures.

7. List three advantages of using the PSD machine 

versus the helitorch aerial ignition device. 

8. Identify the parts and basic functions of each PSD 

machine.

9. Demonstrate knowledge to perform routine 

maintenance on the PSD machine.

10. Demonstrate knowledge and perform a bench-test of 

the PSD machine.

11. Demonstrate knowledge and perform the operational 

functions of the Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator 

(PLDO) duties as identified in the position Task book.

PPT - Exam

PPT - Questions 

and Evaluations

Distribute and administer the course exam.

Once again, ask students if they have any remaining questions. 

If you have any questions, contact your agency representative 

of the Aerial Ignition Unit.
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 41 -

APPENDIX A: Helibase Briefing Checklist (HJA-1)
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APPENDIX B: MTDC Drawing # 993
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 49 -

Appendix C: Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator (PLDO)

Position Task book

(When available, place here.)
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 50 -

Appendix D: PLDO Exam
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PLDO Plastic Sphere Dispenser Operator Instructor Guide - 51 -

Appendix E: PLDO Exam ANSWER KEY