[Federal Register Volume 74, Number 100 (Wednesday, May 27, 2009)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 25147-25153]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E9-12296]


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DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY

Internal Revenue Service

26 CFR Part 1

[TD 9451]
RIN 1545-BF25


Guidance Necessary To Facilitate Business Election Filing; 
Finalization of Controlled Group Qualification Rules

AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury.

ACTION: Final regulation and removal of temporary regulation.

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SUMMARY: This document contains a final regulation that provides 
guidance to taxpayers for determining which corporations are included 
in a controlled group of corporations. This regulation is being 
published to replace an expiring temporary regulation.

DATES: Effective Date: This regulation is effective on May 27, 2009.
    Applicability Date: Section 1.1563-1T(c)(2)(i)-(iii) expired on May 
26, 2009, pursuant to section 7805(e)(2) and Sec.  1.1563-1T(e)(2). In 
accordance with section 7805(b)(1)(B), this regulation applies to 
taxable years beginning on or after May 26, 2009. However, taxpayers 
may apply this regulation to taxable years beginning before May 26, 
2009. See Sec.  1.1563-1(e).

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Grid Glyer, (202) 622-7930 (not a 
toll-free number).

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Paperwork Reduction Act

    The collection of information contained in this final regulation 
has been reviewed and approved by the Office of Management and Budget 
in accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 
3507(d)) under control number 1545-2019.
    This collection of information is in Sec.  1.1563-1(c)(2). This 
information is required if a taxpayer or taxpayers could be a member of 
more than one brother-sister controlled group and does not elect which 
group to be a member of. In that case, the IRS would designate a group.
    An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required 
to respond to, a collection of information unless the collection of 
information displays a valid control number by the Office of Management 
and Budget.
    Books or records relating to a collection of information must be 
retained as long as their contents might become material in the 
administration of any internal revenue law. Generally, tax returns and 
tax return information are confidential, as required by 26 U.S.C. 6103.

Background and Explanation of Provisions

    On December 22, 2006, the IRS and the Treasury Department published 
several temporary regulations, including Sec.  1.1563-1T. See TD 9304 
(71 FR 76904), 2007-1 CB 423. Also on December 22, 2006, the IRS and 
the Treasury Department issued a notice of proposed rulemaking cross-
referencing those temporary regulations. See REG-161919-05 (71 FR 
76955), 2007-1 CB 463. Section 1.1563-1T was also amended by the 
publication of a temporary regulation on December 26, 2007. See TD 9369 
(72 FR 72929), 2008-6 IRB 394. Also on December 26, 2007, the IRS and 
Treasury Department issued a notice of proposed rulemaking cross-
referencing that temporary regulation. See REG-104713-07 (72 FR 72970), 
2008-6 IRB 409.
    Section 1.1563-1T republished Sec.  1.1563-1 to conform it to 
current formatting conventions. It was not intended that any such 
reformatting constitute a substantive change. See Sec.  3.A of the 
preamble to TD 9304. Treasury decision 9304 also removed Sec.  1.1563-
1. Section 1.1563-1T provides guidance to taxpayers for determining 
which corporations are included in a controlled group of corporations.
    This Treasury decision adopts the proposed regulation Sec.  1.1563-
1 with no substantive changes. In addition, this Treasury decision 
removes the corresponding temporary regulation, Sec.  1.1563-1T.
    This Treasury decision does not adopt the other proposed 
regulations that were published as part of TD 9304. Those proposed 
regulations are now found in REG-113688-09, and their status will be 
addressed at a later date.
    The IRS and the Treasury Department received no written or 
electronic comments from the public in response to the notice of 
proposed rulemaking and no public hearing was requested or held.

Special Analysis

    It has been determined that this Treasury Decision is not a 
significant regulatory action as defined in Executive Order 12866. 
Therefore, a regulatory assessment is not required. It has also been 
determined that section 553(b) of the Administrative Procedure Act (5 
U.S.C. chapter 5) does not apply to this regulation. Pursuant to the 
Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. chapter 6), it is hereby certified 
that this rule will not have a significant economic impact on a 
substantial number of small entities. This certification is based on 
the fact that this regulation primarily affects large corporations 
(which are members of either controlled or consolidated groups). 
Accordingly, a regulatory flexibility analysis is not required. 
Pursuant to section 7805(f) of the Internal Revenue Code, the notice of 
proposed rulemaking preceding this regulation was submitted to the 
Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business Administration for 
comment on their impact on small business.

Drafting Information

    The principal author of this regulation is Grid Glyer, Office of 
Associate Chief Counsel (Corporate). However, other personnel from the 
IRS and the Treasury Department participated in its development.

List of Subjects in 26 CFR Part 1

    Income taxes, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Adoption of Amendments to the Regulation

0
Accordingly, 26 CFR part 1 is amended as follows:

PART 1--INCOME TAXES

0
Paragraph 1. The authority citation for part 1 is amended by removing 
the entry for Sec.  1.1563-1T to read in part as follows:


    Authority:  26 U.S.C. 7805 * * *

[[Page 25148]]


0
Par. 2. Section 1.1563-1 is added to read as follows:


Sec.  1.1563-1  Definition of controlled group of corporations and 
component members and related concepts.

    (a) Controlled group of corporations--(1) In general--(i) Types of 
controlled groups. For purposes of sections 1561 through 1563, the term 
controlled group of corporations means any group of corporations which 
is--
    (A) A parent-subsidiary controlled group (as defined in paragraph 
(a)(2) of this section);
    (B) A brother-sister controlled group (as defined in paragraph 
(a)(3)(i) of this section);
    (C) A combined group (as defined in paragraph (a)(4) of this 
section); or
    (D) A life insurance controlled group (as defined in paragraph 
(a)(5) of this section).
    (ii) Cross reference. For the exclusion of certain stock for 
purposes of applying the definitions contained in this paragraph, see 
section 1563(c) and Sec.  1.1563-2.
    (2) Parent-subsidiary controlled group--(i) Definition. The term 
parent-subsidiary controlled group means one or more chains of 
corporations connected through stock ownership with a common parent 
corporation if--
    (A) Stock possessing at least 80 percent of the total combined 
voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote or at least 80 
percent of the total value of shares of all classes of stock of each of 
the corporations, except the common parent corporation, is owned 
(directly and with the application of Sec.  1.1563-3(b)(1), relating to 
options) by one or more of the other corporations; and
    (B) The common parent corporation owns (directly and with the 
application of Sec.  1.1563-3(b)(1), relating to options) stock 
possessing at least 80 percent of the total combined voting power of 
all classes of stock entitled to vote or at least 80 percent of the 
total value of shares of all classes of stock of at least one of the 
other corporations, excluding, in computing such voting power or value, 
stock owned directly by such other corporations.
    (ii) Examples. The definition of a parent-subsidiary controlled 
group of corporations may be illustrated by the following examples:

    Example 1. P Corporation owns stock possessing 80 percent of the 
total combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote 
of S Corporation. P is the common parent of a parent-subsidiary 
controlled group consisting of member corporations P and S.
    Example 2. Assume the same facts as in Example 1. Assume further 
that S owns stock possessing 80 percent of the total value of shares 
of all classes of stock of X Corporation. P is the common parent of 
a parent-subsidiary controlled group consisting of member 
corporations P, S, and X. The result would be the same if P, rather 
than S, owned the X stock.
    Example 3. P Corporation owns 80 percent of the only class of 
stock of S Corporation and S, in turn, owns 40 percent of the only 
class of stock of X Corporation. P also owns 80 percent of the only 
class of stock of Y Corporation and Y, in turn, owns 40 percent of 
the only class of stock of X. P is the common parent of a parent-
subsidiary controlled group consisting of member corporations P, S, 
X, and Y.
    Example 4. P Corporation owns 75 percent of the only class of 
stock of Y and Z Corporations; Y owns all the remaining stock of Z; 
and Z owns all the remaining stock of Y. Since intercompany 
stockholdings are excluded (that is, are not treated as outstanding) 
for purposes of determining whether P owns stock possessing at least 
80 percent of the voting power or value of at least one of the other 
corporations, P is treated as the owner of stock possessing 100 
percent of the voting power and value of Y and of Z for purposes of 
paragraph (a)(2)(i)(B) of this section. Also, stock possessing 100 
percent of the voting power and value of Y and Z is owned by the 
other corporations in the group within the meaning of paragraph 
(a)(2)(i)(A) of this section. (P and Y together own stock possessing 
100 percent of the voting power and value of Z, and P and Z together 
own stock possessing 100 percent of the voting power and value of 
Y.) Therefore, P is the common parent of a parent-subsidiary 
controlled group of corporations consisting of member corporations 
P, Y, and Z.

    (3) Brother-sister controlled group--(i) Definition. The term 
brother-sister controlled group means two or more corporations if the 
same five or fewer persons who are individuals, estates, or trusts own 
(directly and with the application of the rules contained in Sec.  
1.1563-3(b)) stock possessing more than 50 percent of the total 
combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote or more 
than 50 percent of the total value of shares of all classes of stock of 
each corporation, taking into account the stock ownership of each such 
person only to the extent such stock ownership is identical with 
respect to each such corporation.
    (ii) Additional stock ownership requirement for purposes of certain 
other provisions of law. For purposes of any provision of law (other 
than sections 1561 through 1563) that incorporates the section 1563(a) 
definition of a controlled group, the term brother-sister controlled 
group means two or more corporations if the same five or fewer persons 
who are individuals, estates, or trusts own (directly and with the 
application of the rules contained in Sec.  1.1563-3(b)) stock 
possessing--
    (A) At least 80 percent of the total combined voting power of all 
classes of stock entitled to vote or at least 80 percent of the total 
value of shares of all classes of stock of each corporation (the 80 
percent requirement);
    (B) More than 50 percent of the total combined voting power of all 
classes of stock entitled to vote or more than 50 percent of the total 
value of shares of all classes of stock of each corporation, taking 
into account the stock ownership of each such person only to the extent 
such stock ownership is identical with respect to each such corporation 
(the more-than-50 percent identical ownership requirement); and
    (C) The five or fewer persons whose stock ownership is considered 
for purposes of the 80 percent requirement must be the same persons 
whose stock ownership is considered for purposes of the more-than-50 
percent identical ownership requirement.
    (iii) Examples. The principles of paragraph (a)(3)(ii) of this 
section may be illustrated by the following examples:

    Example 1. (i) The outstanding stock of corporations P, W, X, Y, 
and Z, which have only one class of stock outstanding, is owned by 
the following unrelated individuals:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Individuals                     P (%)        W (%)        X (%)        Y (%)        Z (%)                Identical ownership
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A...........................................           55           51           55           55           55  51.
B...........................................           45           49  ...........  ...........  ...........  (45% in P and W).
C...........................................  ...........  ...........           45  ...........  ...........  .........................................
D...........................................  ...........  ...........  ...........           45  ...........  .........................................
E...........................................  ...........  ...........  ...........  ...........           45  .........................................
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total...................................          100          100          100          100          100
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 25149]]

    (ii) Corporations P and W are members of a brother-sister 
controlled group of corporations. Although the more-than-50 percent 
identical ownership requirement is met for all 5 corporations, 
corporations X, Y, and Z are not members because at least 80 percent 
of the stock of each of those corporations is not owned by the same 
5 or fewer persons whose stock ownership is considered for purposes 
of the more-than-50 percent identical ownership requirement.
    Example 2. (i) The outstanding stock of corporations X and Y, 
which have only one class of stock outstanding, is owned by the 
following unrelated individuals:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                      Corporations
                  Individuals                  -------------------------
                                                   X (%)        Y (%)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
A.............................................           12           12
B.............................................           12           12
C.............................................           12           12
D.............................................           12           12
E.............................................           13           13
F.............................................           13           13
G.............................................           13           13
H.............................................           13           13
                                               -------------------------
    Total.....................................          100          100
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) Any group of five of the shareholders will own more than 50 
percent of the stock in each corporation, in identical holdings. 
However, X and Y are not members of a brother-sister controlled 
group because at least 80 percent of the stock of each corporation 
is not owned by the same five or fewer persons.
    Example 3. (i) Corporation X and Y each have two classes of 
stock outstanding, voting common and non-voting common. (None of 
this stock is excluded from the definition of stock under section 
1563(c).) Unrelated individuals A and B own the following 
percentages of the class of stock entitled to vote (voting) and of 
the total value of shares of all classes of stock (value) in each of 
corporations X and Y:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                             Corporations
         Individuals         -------------------------------------------
                                        X                     Y
------------------------------------------------------------------------
A...........................  100% voting; 60%      75% voting; 60%
                               value.                value.
B...........................  0% voting; 10% value  25% voting; 10%
                                                     value.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) No other shareholder of X owns (or is considered to own) 
any stock in Y. X and Y are a brother-sister controlled group of 
corporations. The group meets the more-than-50 percent identical 
ownership requirement because A and B own more than 50 percent of 
the total value of shares of all classes of stock of X and Y in 
identical holdings. (The group also meets the more-than-50 percent 
identical ownership requirement because of A's voting stock 
ownership.) The group meets the 80 percent requirement because A and 
B own at least 80 percent of the total combined voting power of all 
classes of stock entitled to vote.
    Example 4. Assume the same facts as in Example 3 except that the 
value of the stock owned by A and B is not more than 50 percent of 
the total value of shares of all classes of stock of each 
corporation in identical holdings. X and Y are not a brother-sister 
controlled group of corporations. The group meets the more-than-50 
percent identical ownership requirement because A owns more than 50 
percent of the total combined voting power of the voting stock of 
each corporation. For purposes of the 80 percent requirement, B's 
voting stock in Y cannot be combined with A's voting stock in Y 
since B, who does not own any voting stock in X, is not a person 
whose ownership is considered for purposes of the more-than-50 
percent identical ownership requirement. Because no other 
shareholder owns stock in both X and Y, these other shareholders' 
stock ownership is not counted towards meeting either the more-than-
50 percent identical ownership requirement or the 80 percent 
ownership requirement.

    (iv) Special rule if prior law applies. Paragraph (a)(3)(ii) of 
this section, as amended by TD 8179, applies to taxable years ending on 
or after December 31, 1970. See, however, the transitional rule in 
paragraph (d) of this section.
    (4) Combined group--(i) Definition. The term combined group means 
any group of three or more corporations if--
    (A) Each such corporation is a member of either a parent-subsidiary 
controlled group of corporations or a brother-sister controlled group 
of corporations; and
    (B) At least one of such corporations is the common parent of a 
parent-subsidiary controlled group and also is a member of a brother-
sister controlled group.
    (ii) Examples. The definition of a combined group of corporations 
may be illustrated by the following examples:

    Example 1. A, an individual, owns stock possessing 80 percent of 
the total combined voting power of all classes of the stock of 
corporations X and Y. Y, in turn, owns stock possessing 80 percent 
of the total combined voting power of all classes of the stock of 
corporation Z. X, Y, and Z are members of the same combined group 
since--
    (i) X, Y, and Z are each members of either a parent-subsidiary 
or brother-sister controlled group of corporations; and
    (ii) Y is the common parent of a parent-subsidiary controlled 
group of corporations consisting of Y and Z, and also is a member of 
a brother-sister controlled group of corporations consisting of X 
and Y.
    Example 2. Assume the same facts as in Example 1, and further 
assume that corporation X owns 80 percent of the total value of 
shares of all classes of stock of corporation S. X, Y, Z, and S are 
members of the same combined group.

    (5) Life insurance controlled group--(i) Definition. The term life 
insurance controlled group means two or more life insurance companies 
each of which is a member of a controlled group of corporations 
described in paragraph (a)(2), (a)(3)(i), or (a)(4) of this section and 
to which Sec.  1.1502-47(f)(6) does not apply. Such insurance companies 
shall be treated as a controlled group of corporations separate from 
any other corporations which are members of a controlled group 
described in such paragraph (a)(2), (a)(3)(i), or (a)(4) of this 
section. For purposes of this section, the common parent of the 
controlled group described in paragraph (a)(2) of this section shall be 
referred to as the common parent of the life insurance controlled 
group.
    (ii) Examples. The following examples illustrate the definition of 
a life insurance controlled group. In these examples, L indicates a 
life company, another letter indicates a nonlife company and each 
corporation uses the calendar year as its taxable year:

    Example 1. Since January 1, 1999, corporation P has owned all 
the stock of corporations L <INF>1</INF> and Y, and L <INF>1</INF> 
has owned all the stock of corporation X. On January 1, 2005, Y 
acquired all of the stock of corporation L <INF>2</INF>. Since L 
<INF>1</INF> and L <INF>2</INF> are members of a parent-subsidiary 
controlled group of corporations, such companies are treated as 
members of a life insurance controlled group separate from the 
parent-subsidiary controlled group consisting of P, X and Y. For 
purposes of this section, P is referred to as the common parent of 
the life insurance controlled group even though P is not a member of 
such group.

    Example 2. The facts are the same as in Example 1, except that, 
beginning with the 2005 tax year, the P affiliated group elected to 
file a consolidated return and P made a section 1504(c)(2) election. 
Pursuant to paragraph (a)(5)(i) of this section, L <INF>1</INF> and 
L <INF>2</INF> are not members of a separate life insurance 
controlled group. Instead, P, X, Y, L <INF>1</INF> and L 
<INF>2</INF> constitute one controlled group. See Sec.  1.1502-
47(f)(6).

    (6) Voting power of stock. For purposes of this section, and 
Sec. Sec.  1.1563-2 and 1.1563-3, in determining whether the stock 
owned by a person (or persons) possesses a certain percentage

[[Page 25150]]

of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to 
vote of a corporation, consideration will be given to all the facts and 
circumstances of each case. A share of stock will generally be 
considered as possessing the voting power accorded to such share by the 
corporate charter, by-laws, or share certificate. On the other hand, if 
there is any agreement, whether express or implied, that a shareholder 
will not vote his stock in a corporation, the formal voting rights 
possessed by his stock may be disregarded in determining the percentage 
of the total combined voting power possessed by the stock owned by 
other shareholders in the corporation, if the result is that the 
corporation becomes a component member of a controlled group of 
corporations. Moreover, if a shareholder agrees to vote his stock in a 
corporation in the manner specified by another shareholder in the 
corporation, the voting rights possessed by the stock owned by the 
first shareholder may be considered to be possessed by the stock owned 
by such other shareholder if the result is that the corporation becomes 
a component member of a controlled group of corporations.
    (b) Component members--(1) In general--(i) Definition. For purposes 
of sections 1561 through 1563, a corporation is with respect to its 
taxable year a component member of a controlled group of corporations 
for the group's testing date if such corporation--
    (A) Is a member of such controlled group on such testing date and 
is not treated as an excluded member under paragraph (b)(2) of this 
section; or
    (B) Is not a member of such controlled group on such testing date 
but is treated as an additional member under paragraph (b)(3) of this 
section.
    (ii) Member of a controlled group of corporations. For purposes of 
sections 1561 through 1563, a member of a controlled group is a 
corporation connected with other member(s) of a controlled group under 
the stock ownership rules and the stock qualification rules set forth 
in section 1563. Under these rules, for a corporation to qualify as a 
component member of the group with respect to a group's December 31st 
testing date (or the short-year testing date for a short-year member), 
that corporation does not have to be a member of that group on that 
group's testing date. In addition, a corporation that is a member of a 
controlled group on the group's testing date does not necessarily 
qualify as a component member of that group with respect to that 
testing date.
    (iii) Additional concepts used in applying the controlled group 
rules.
    (A) The term testing date means the date used for determining the 
status of controlled group members as either component members or 
excluded members. That testing date is then also used to determine 
which taxable years of those component members are to be subjected to 
the controlled group rules. Generally, a member's testing date is the 
December 31st date included within that member's taxable year, whether 
such member is on a calendar or fiscal taxable year. However, if a 
component member of a controlled group has a short taxable year that 
does not include a December 31st date, then the last day of that short 
taxable year becomes that member's testing date.
    (B) The term testing period means the time period used for 
determining the status of controlled group members as either component 
members or excluded members. The testing period begins on the first day 
of a member's taxable year and ends on the day before its testing date. 
(Generally, the testing date is December 31st, but for a component 
member having a short taxable year not ending on December 31st, the 
testing date for the short taxable year of that member (and only that 
member) becomes the last day of that member's short taxable year.) 
Thus, for a member on a fiscal taxable year, the portion of its taxable 
year beginning on December 31st and ending on the last day of its 
taxable year is not taken into account for determining its status as a 
component member or an excluded member.
    (2) Excluded members--(i) Temporal test. A corporation, which is a 
member of a controlled group of corporations on the group's testing 
date, a date included within that member's taxable year, but who was a 
member of such group for less than one-half of the number of days of 
its testing period, shall be treated as an excluded member of such 
group for that group's testing date.
    (ii) Qualification test. A corporation which is a member of a 
controlled group of corporations on a testing date shall be treated as 
an excluded member of such group on such date if, for its taxable year 
including such date, such corporation is--
    (A) Exempt from taxation under section 501(a) (except a corporation 
which is subject to tax on its unrelated business taxable income under 
section 511) or 521 for such taxable year;
    (B) A foreign corporation not subject to taxation under section 
882(a) for the taxable year;
    (C) An S corporation (as defined in section 1361) for purposes of 
any tax benefit item described in section 1561(a) to which it is not 
subject;
    (D) A franchised corporation (as defined in section 1563(f)(4) and 
Sec.  1.1563-4); or
    (E) An insurance company subject to taxation under section 801, 
unless such insurance company (without regard to this paragraph 
(b)(2)(ii)(E)) is a component member of a life insurance controlled 
group described in paragraph (a)(5)(i) of this section or unless Sec.  
1.1502-47(f)(6) applies (which treats a life insurance company, for 
which a section 1504(c)(2) election is effective, as a member (whether 
eligible or ineligible) of a life-nonlife affiliated group).
    (3) Additional members. A corporation shall be treated as an 
additional member of a controlled group of corporations, that is, an 
additional component member, on the group's testing date if it--
    (i) Is not a member of such group on such date;
    (ii) Is not described, with respect to such taxable year, in 
paragraph (b)(2)(ii)(A), (b)(2)(ii)(B), (b)(2)(ii)(C), (b)(2)(ii)(D), 
or (b)(2)(ii)(E) of this section; and
    (iii) Was a member of such group for one-half (or more) of the 
number of days in its testing period.
    (4) Examples. The provisions of this paragraph (b) may be 
illustrated by the following examples:

    Example 1. B, an individual, owns all of the stock of 
corporations W and X on each day of 1964. W and X each use the 
calendar year as their taxable year. On January 1, 1964, B also owns 
all the stock of corporation Y (a fiscal year corporation with a 
taxable year beginning on July 1, 1964, and ending on June 30, 
1965), which stock he sells on October 15, 1964. On December 1, 
1964, B purchases all the stock of corporation Z (a fiscal year 
corporation with a taxable year beginning on September 1, 1964, and 
ending on August 31, 1965). On December 31, 1964, W, X, and Z are 
members of the same controlled group. However, the component members 
of the group on such December 31st are W, X, and Y. Under paragraph 
(b)(2)(i) of this section, Z is treated as an excluded member of the 
group on December 31, 1964, since Z was a member of the group for 
less than one-half of the number of days (29 out of 121 days) during 
the period beginning on September 1, 1964 (the first day of its 
taxable year) and ending on December 30, 1964. Under paragraph 
(b)(3) of this section, Y is treated as an additional member of the 
group on December 31, 1964, since Y was a member of the group for at 
least one-half of the number of days (107 out of 183 days) during 
the period beginning on July 1, 1964 (the first day of its taxable 
year) and ending on December 30, 1964.
    Example 2.  On January 1, 1964, corporation P owns all the stock 
of corporation S, which in turn owns all the

[[Page 25151]]

stock of corporation S-1. On November 1, 1964, P purchases all of 
the stock of corporation X from the public and sells all of the 
stock of S to the public. Corporation X owns all the stock of 
corporation Y during 1964. P, S, S-1, X, and Y file their returns on 
the basis of the calendar year. On December 31, 1964, P, X, and Y 
are members of a parent-subsidiary controlled group of corporations; 
also, corporations S and S-1 are members of a different parent-
subsidiary controlled group on such date. However, since X and Y 
have been members of the parent-subsidiary controlled group of which 
P is the common parent for less than one-half the number of days 
during the period January 1 through December 30, 1964, they are not 
component members of such group on such date. On the other hand, X 
and Y have been members of a parent-subsidiary controlled group of 
which X is the common parent for at least one-half the number of 
days during the period January 1 through December 30, 1964, and 
therefore they are component members of such group on December 31, 
1964. Also since S and S-1 were members of the parent-subsidiary 
controlled group of which P is the common parent for at least one-
half the number of days in the taxable years of each such 
corporation during the period January 1 through December 30, 1964, 
P, S, and S-1 are component members of such group on December 31, 
1964.
    Example 3. Throughout 1964, corporation M owns all the stock of 
corporation F which, in turn, owns all the stock of corporations 
L<INF>1</INF>, L<INF>2</INF>, X, and Y. M is a domestic mutual 
insurance company subject to taxation under section 821, F is a 
foreign corporation not engaged in a trade or business within the 
United States, L<INF>1</INF> and L<INF>2</INF> are domestic life 
insurance companies subject to taxation under section 802, and X and 
Y are domestic corporations subject to tax under section 11 of the 
Code. Each corporation uses the calendar year as its taxable year. 
On December 31, 1964, M, F, L<INF>1</INF>, L<INF>2</INF>, X, and Y 
are members of a parent-subsidiary controlled group of corporations. 
However, under paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section, M, F, 
L<INF>1</INF>, and L<INF>2</INF> are treated as excluded members of 
the group on December 31, 1964. Thus, on December 31, 1964, the 
component members of the parent-subsidiary controlled group of which 
M is the common parent include only X and Y.
    Furthermore, since paragraph (b)(2)(ii)(E) of this section does 
not result in L<INF>1</INF> and L<INF>2</INF> being treated as 
excluded members of a life insurance controlled group, L<INF>1</INF> 
and L<INF>2</INF> are component members of a life insurance 
controlled group on December 31, 1964.
    (5) Application of constructive ownership rules. For purposes of 
paragraphs (b)(2)(i) and (b)(3)(iii) of this section, it is necessary 
to determine whether a corporation was a member of a controlled group 
of corporations for one-half (or more) of the number of days in its 
taxable year which precede the December 31st falling within such 
taxable year. Therefore, the constructive ownership rules contained in 
Sec.  1.1563-3(b) (to the extent applicable in making such 
determination) must be applied on a day-by-day basis. For example, if P 
Corporation owns all the stock of X Corporation on each day of 1964, 
and on December 30, 1964, acquires an option to purchase all the stock 
of Y Corporation (a calendar-year taxpayer which has been in existence 
on each day of 1964), the application of Sec.  1.1563-3(b)(1) on a day-
by-day basis results in Y being a member of the brother-sister 
controlled group on only one day of Y's 1964 year which precedes 
December 31, 1964. Accordingly, since Y is not a member of such group 
for one-half or more of the number of days in its 1964 year preceding 
December 31, 1964, Y is treated as an excluded member of such group on 
December 31, 1964.
    (c) Overlapping groups--(1) In general. If on a December 31st a 
corporation is a component member of a controlled group of corporations 
by reason of ownership of stock possessing at least 80 percent of the 
total value of shares of all classes of stock of the corporation, and 
if on such December 31st such corporation is also a component member of 
another controlled group of corporations by reason of ownership of 
other stock (that is, stock not used to satisfy the at-least-80 percent 
total value test) possessing at least 80 percent of the total combined 
voting power of all classes of stock of the corporation entitled to 
vote, then such corporation shall be treated as a component member only 
of the controlled group of which it is a component member by reason of 
the ownership of at least 80 percent of the total value of its shares.
    (2) Brother-sister controlled groups--(i) One corporation. If on a 
December 31st, a corporation would, without the application of this 
paragraph (c)(2), be a component member of more than one brother-sister 
controlled group on such date, the corporation will be treated as a 
component member of only one such group on such date. Such corporation 
may elect the group in which it is to be included by including on or 
with its income tax return for the taxable year that includes such date 
a statement entitled, ``STATEMENT TO ELECT CONTROLLED GROUP PURSUANT TO 
Sec.  1.1563-1(c)(2).'' This statement must include--
    (A) A description of each of the controlled groups in which the 
corporation could be included. The description must include the name 
and employer identification number of each component member of each 
such group and the stock ownership of the component members of each 
such group; and
    (B) The following representation: [INSERT NAME AND EMPLOYER 
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER OF CORPORATION] ELECTS TO BE TREATED AS A 
COMPONENT MEMBER OF THE [INSERT DESIGNATION OF GROUP].
    (ii) Multiple corporations. If more than one corporation would, 
without the application of this paragraph (c)(2), be a component member 
of more than one controlled group, those corporations electing to be 
component members of the same group must file a single statement. The 
statement must contain the information described in paragraph (c)(2)(i) 
of this section, plus the names and employer identification numbers of 
all other corporations designating the same group. The original 
statement must be included on or with the original Federal income tax 
return (including any amended return filed on or before the due date 
(including extensions) of such return) of the corporation that, among 
those corporations which would (without the application of this 
paragraph (c)(2)) belong to more than one group, has the taxable year 
including such December 31st which ends on the earliest date. That 
corporation must provide a copy of the statement to each other 
corporation included in the statement and represent in its statement 
that it has done so. Either the original or a copy of the statement 
must be retained by each corporation as part of its records. See Sec.  
1.6001-1(e) of this chapter.
    (iii) Election. (A) An election filed under this paragraph (c)(2) 
is irrevocable and effective until a change in the stock ownership of 
the corporation results in termination of membership in the controlled 
group in which such corporation has been included.
    (B) In the event no election is filed in accordance with the 
provisions of this paragraph (c)(2), then the Internal Revenue Service 
will determine the group in which such corporation is to be included. 
Such determination will be binding for all subsequent years unless the 
corporation files a valid election with respect to any such subsequent 
year or until a change in the stock ownership of the corporation 
results in termination of membership in the controlled group in which 
such corporation has been included.
    (iv) Examples. The provisions of this paragraph (c)(2) may be 
illustrated by the following examples (in which it is assumed that all 
the individuals are unrelated):

    Example 1. (i) On each day of 1970 all the outstanding stock of 
corporations X, Y, and Z is held in the following manner:

[[Page 25152]]



------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                Corporations
           Individuals            --------------------------------------
                                      X (%)        Y (%)        Z (%)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
A................................           55           40            5
B................................           40           20           40
C................................            5           40           55
------------------------------------------------------------------------

     (ii) Since the more-than-50 percent identical ownership 
requirement of section 1563(a)(2) is met with respect to 
corporations X and Y and with respect to corporations Y and Z, but 
not with respect to corporations X, Y, and Z, corporation Y would, 
without the application of this paragraph (c)(2), be a component 
member on December 31, 1970, of overlapping groups consisting of X 
and Y and of Y and Z. If Y does not file an election in accordance 
with paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section, the Internal Revenue 
Service will determine the group in which Y is to be included.
    Example 2. (i) On each day of 1970, all the outstanding stock of 
corporations V, W, X, Y, and Z is held in the following manner:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                           Corporations
                  Individuals                   ----------------------------------------------------------------
                                                      V            W            X            Y            Z
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
D..............................................           52           52           52           52           52
E..............................................           40            2            2            2            2
F..............................................            2           40            2            2            2
G..............................................            2            2           40            2            2
H..............................................            2            2            2           40            2
I..............................................            2            2            2            2           40
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

     (ii) On December 31, 1970, the more-than-50 percent identical 
ownership requirement of section 1563(a)(2) may be met with regard 
to any combination of the corporations but all five corporations 
cannot be included as component members of a single controlled group 
because the inclusion of all the corporations in a single group 
would be dependent upon taking into account the stock ownership of 
more than five persons. Therefore, if the corporations do not file a 
statement in accordance with paragraph (c)(2)(ii) of this section, 
the Internal Revenue Service will determine the group in which each 
corporation is to be included. The corporations or the Internal 
Revenue Service, as the case may be, may designate that three 
corporations be included in one group and two corporations in 
another, or that any four corporations be included in one group and 
that the remaining corporation not be included in any group.

    (d) Transitional rules--(1) In general. Treasury decision 8179 
amended paragraph (a)(3)(ii) of this section to revise the definition 
of a brother-sister controlled group of corporations. In general, those 
amendments are effective for taxable years ending on or after December 
31, 1970.
    (2) Limited nonretroactivity--(i) Old group. Under the authority of 
section 7805(b), the Internal Revenue Service will treat an old group 
as a brother-sister controlled group corporations for purposes of 
applying sections 401, 404(a), 408(k), 409A, 410, 411, 412, 414, 415, 
and 4971 of the Internal Revenue Code (Code) and sections 202, 203, 
204, and 302 of the Employment Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 
(ERISA) in a plan year or taxable year beginning before March 2, 1988, 
to the extent necessary to prevent an adverse effect on any old member 
(or any other corporation), or on any plan or other entity described in 
such sections (including plans, etc., of corporations not part of such 
old group), that would result solely from the retroactive effect of the 
amendment to this section by TD 8179. An adverse effect includes the 
disqualification of a plan or the disallowance of a deduction or credit 
for a contribution to a plan. The Internal Revenue Service, however, 
will not treat an old member as a member of an old group to the extent 
that such treatment will have an adverse effect on that old member.
    (ii) Old member of old group. Section 7805(b) will not be applied 
pursuant to paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section to treat an old member 
of an old group as a member of a brother-sister controlled group to 
prevent an adverse effect for a taxable year if, for that taxable year, 
that old member treats or has treated itself as not being a member of 
that old group for purposes of sections 401, 404(a), 408(k), 409A, 410, 
411, 412, 414, 415, and 4971 of the Code and sections 202, 203, 204, 
and 302 and Title IV of ERISA for such taxable year (such as by filing, 
with respect to such taxable year, a return, amended return, or claim 
for credit or refund in which the amount of any deduction, credit, 
limitation, or tax due is determined by treating itself as not being a 
member of the old group for purposes of those sections). However, the 
fact that one or more (but not all) of the old members do not qualify 
for section 7805(b) treatment because of the preceding sentence will 
not preclude that old member (or members) from being treated as a 
member of the old group under paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section in 
order to prevent the disallowance of a deduction or credit of another 
old member (or other corporation) or to prevent the disqualification 
of, or other adverse effect on, another old member's plan (or other 
entity) described in the sections of the Code and ERISA enumerated in 
such paragraph.
    (3) Election of general nonretroactivity. In the case of a taxable 
year ending on or after December 31, 1970, and before March 2, 1988, an 
old group will be treated as a brother-sister controlled group of 
corporations for all purposes of the Code for such taxable year if--
    (i) Each old member files a statement consenting to such treatment 
for such taxable year with the District Director having audit 
jurisdiction over its return within six months after March 2, 1988; and
    (ii) No old member--
    (A) Files or has filed, with respect to such taxable year, a 
return, amended return, or claim for credit or refund in which the 
amount of any deduction, credit, limitation, or tax due is determined 
by treating any old member as not a member of the old group; or
    (B) Treats the employees of all members of the old group as not 
being employed by a single employer for purposes of sections 401, 
404(a), 408(k), 409A, 410, 411, 412, 414, 415, and 4971 of the Code and 
sections 202, 203, 204, and 302 of ERISA for such taxable year.
    (4) Definitions. For purposes of this paragraph (d)--

[[Page 25153]]

    (i) An old group is a brother-sister controlled group of 
corporations, determined by applying paragraph (a)(3)(ii) of this 
section as in effect before the amendments made by TD 8179, that is not 
a brother-sister controlled group of corporations, determined by 
applying paragraph (a)(3)(ii) of this section as amended by such 
Treasury decision; and
    (ii) An old member is any corporation that is a member of an old 
group.
    (5) Election to choose between membership in more than one 
controlled group--(i) In general. A corporation may make an election 
under paragraph (c)(2) of this section by filing an amended return on 
or before September 2, 1988 if--
    (A) An old member has filed an election under paragraph (c)(2) of 
this section to be treated as a component member of an old group for a 
December 31st before March 2, 1988; and
    (B) That corporation would (without regard to such paragraph 
(c)(2)) be a component member of more than one brother-sister 
controlled group (not including an old group) on December 31st.
    (ii) Exception. This paragraph (d)(5) does not apply to a 
corporation that is treated as a member of an old group under paragraph 
(d)(3) of this section.
    (6) Refunds. See section 6511(a) for period of limitation on filing 
claims for credit or refund.
    (e) Effective/applicability date. This section applies to taxable 
years beginning on or after May 26, 2009. However, taxpayers may apply 
this section to taxable years beginning before May 26, 2009. For 
taxable years beginning before May 26, 2009, see Sec.  1.1563-1T as 
contained in 26 CFR part 1 in effect on April 1, 2009.


Sec.  1.1563-1T  [Removed]

0
Par. 3. Section 1.1563-1T is removed.


Sec.  1.1563-3  [Amended]

0
Par. 4. Section 1.1563-3(d)(3), Example 3, is amended by removing the 
language ``Sec.  1.1563-1T'' and adding ``Sec.  1.1563-1'' in its 
place.

PART 602--OMB CONTROL NUMBERS UNDER THE PAPERWORK REDUCTION ACT

0
Par. 5. The authority citation for part 602 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority:  26 U.S.C. 7805.


0
Par. 6. In Sec.  602.101, paragraph (b) is amended as follows:
0
1. The following entry to the tables is removed:


Sec.  602.101  OMB Control Numbers.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Current OMB
     CFR part or section where identified or described       control No.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                * * * * *
1.1563-1T..................................................    1545-2019
 
                                * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------

0
2. The following entry is added in numerical order to the table:


Sec.  602.101  OMB Control Numbers.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Current OMB
     CFR part or section where identified or described       control No.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                * * * * *
1.1563-1...................................................    1545-2019
 
                                * * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------


Linda E. Stiff,
Deputy Commissioner for Services and Enforcement.
    Approved: May 20, 2009.
Michael F. Mundaca,
Acting Assistant Secretary of the Treasury (Tax Policy).
[FR Doc. E9-12296 Filed 5-26-09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4830-01-P