Form of Indemnification Agreement



 Exhibit 10.17 
 INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT 
 THIS AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”) is made and entered into as of
                    , 2007 between Xinyuan Real Estate Co., Ltd., a Cayman Islands company (the “Company”), and
                     (“Indemnitee”). 
 WHEREAS, Indemnitee performs a valuable service for the Company; and 
 WHEREAS, the Company’s
Memorandum and Articles of Association (the “Articles”) provide for the indemnification of the officers and directors of the Company against any liability incurred as a result of any act or failure to act in carrying out his functions
other than such liability (if any) that he may incur by his own fraud or willful default; and 
 WHEREAS, the Articles and the Cayman Islands
Companies Law (the “Law”), by their nonexclusive nature, permit contracts between the Company and the officers or directors of the Company with respect to indemnification of such officers or directors; and 
 WHEREAS, in order to induce Indemnitee to accept a position as and to serve as an officer or director of the Company, the Company has determined and
agreed to enter into this Agreement with Indemnitee; 
 NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of Indemnitee’s service as an officer or
director after the date hereof, the parties hereto agree as follows: 
  

	1.	Definitions. For purposes of this Agreement: 

 “Corporate Status” describes the status of a person who is or was a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of the Company or of any other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other
enterprise that such person is or was serving at the express written request of the Company. 
 “Disinterested Director” means a
director of the Company who is not and was not a party to the Proceeding in respect of which indemnification is sought by Indemnitee. 
 “Enterprise” shall mean the Company and any other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise that Indemnitee is or was serving at the express written request of the Company as a
director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary. 
 “Expenses” shall include all reasonable attorneys’ fees, retainers, court
costs, transcript costs, fees of experts, witness fees, travel expenses, duplicating costs, printing and binding costs, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees and all other disbursements or expenses of the types customarily incurred in
connection with prosecuting, defending, preparing to prosecute or defend, investigating, participating, or being or preparing to be a witness in a Proceeding. 
 “Independent Counsel” means a law firm, or a member of a law firm, that is experienced in matters of corporation law and neither presently is, nor in the past five years has been, retained to represent:
(i) the Company or Indemnitee in any matter material to either such party (other than with respect to matters concerning Indemnitee under this Agreement, or of other indemnitees under similar indemnification agreements), or (ii) any other
party to the Proceeding giving rise to a claim for indemnification hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term “Independent Counsel” shall not include any person who, under the applicable standards of professional conduct then
prevailing, would have a conflict of interest in representing either the Company or Indemnitee in an action to determine Indemnitee’s rights under this Agreement. 







 “Proceeding” includes any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, arbitration, alternate
dispute resolution mechanism, investigation, inquiry, administrative hearing or any other actual, threatened or completed proceeding, whether brought by or in the right of the Company or otherwise and whether civil, criminal, administrative or
investigative, in which Indemnitee was, is or will be involved as a party or otherwise, by reason of the fact that Indemnitee is or was an officer or director of the Company, by reason of any action taken by him or of any inaction on his part while
acting as an officer or director of the Company, or by reason of the fact that he is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other
Enterprise; in each case whether or not he is acting or serving in any such capacity at the time any liability or expense is incurred for which indemnification can be provided under this Agreement; including one pending on or before the date of this
Agreement, but excluding one initiated by an Indemnitee pursuant to Section 8 of this Agreement to enforce his rights under this Agreement. 
  

	2.	Indemnity of Indemnitee. 

 In connection with any
Proceeding, the Company shall indemnify and hold harmless Indemnitee as provided in this Agreement and to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law in effect on the date hereof and to such greater extent as applicable law may thereafter from
time to time permit. 
  

	 	(a)	Proceedings Other Than by or in the Right of the Company. 

 Indemnitee shall be entitled to the rights of indemnification provided in this Section 2(a) if, by reason of his Corporate Status, he is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or participant in any Proceeding other than a Proceeding
by or in the right of the Company. Pursuant to this Section 2(a), Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Expenses, judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him, or on his behalf, in
connection with such Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein, if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, and with respect to any criminal Proceeding, had no
reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. 
  

	 	(b)	Proceedings by or in the Right of the Company. 

 Indemnitee
shall be entitled to the rights of indemnification provided in this Section 2(b) if, by reason of his Corporate Status, he is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or participant in any Proceeding brought by or in the right of the Company.
Pursuant to this Section 2(b), Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by him, or on his behalf, in connection with such Proceeding if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed
to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company; provided, however, if applicable law so provides, no indemnification against such Expenses shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter in such Proceeding as to which Indemnitee
shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Company unless and to the extent that a court of competent jurisdiction shall determine that such indemnification may be made. 
  

	 	(c)	Indemnification for Expenses of a Party Who is Wholly or Partly Successful. 

 Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, to the extent that Indemnitee is, by reason of his Corporate Status, a party to and is successful, on the merits or otherwise, in any Proceeding, he shall be
indemnified to the maximum extent permitted by law against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by him or on his behalf in connection therewith. If Indemnitee is not wholly successful in such Proceeding but is successful, on the merits or
otherwise, as to one or more but less than all claims, issues or matters in such Proceeding, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against all Expenses 

  

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actually and reasonably incurred by him or on his behalf in connection with each successfully resolved claim, issue or matter. For purposes of this Section
and without limitation, the termination of any claim, issue or matter in such a Proceeding by dismissal, with or without prejudice, shall be deemed to be a successful result as to such claim, issue or matter. 
  

	3.	Additional Indemnity. 

 In addition to, and without regard
to any limitations on, the indemnification provided for in Section 2 of this Agreement, the Company shall and hereby does indemnify and hold harmless Indemnitee against all Expenses, judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement
actually and reasonably incurred by him or on his behalf if, by reason of his Corporate Status, he is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or participant in any Proceeding (including a Proceeding by or in the right of the Company), including,
without limitation, all liability arising out of the negligence or active or passive wrongdoing of Indemnitee. 
  

	4.	General Exception. 

 Notwithstanding anything to the
contrary in Sections 2 and 3 of this Agreement, the Company shall not be obligated to make any payment to Indemnitee thereunder, to the extent it is finally determined that the actions for which indemnification is sought thereunder constitute fraud
or willful misconduct by the indemnitee, or that such payment would be unlawful under applicable law. 
  

	5.	Contribution in the Event of Joint Liability. 

  

	 	(a)	Whether or not the indemnification provided in Sections 2 and 3 hereof is available, in respect of any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding in which the
Company is jointly liable with Indemnitee (or would be if joined in such action, suit or proceeding), the Company shall pay, in the first instance, the entire amount of any judgment or settlement of such action, suit or proceeding without requiring
Indemnitee to contribute to such payment and the Company hereby waives and relinquishes any right of contribution it may have against Indemnitee. The Company shall not enter into any settlement of any action, suit or proceeding in which the Company
is jointly liable with Indemnitee (or would be if joined in such action, suit or proceeding) unless such settlement provides for a full and final release of all claims asserted against Indemnitee. 

  

	 	(b)	 Without diminishing or impairing the obligations of the Company set forth in the preceding subparagraph, if, for any reason, Indemnitee shall elect or be required
to pay all or any portion of any judgment or settlement in any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding in which the Company is jointly liable with Indemnitee (or would be if joined in such action, suit or proceeding), the Company
shall contribute to the amount of expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred and paid or payable by Indemnitee in proportion to the relative benefits received by the
Company and all officers, directors or employees of the Company, other than Indemnitee, who are jointly liable with Indemnitee (or would be if joined in such action, suit or proceeding), on the one hand, and Indemnitee, on the other hand, from the
transaction from which such action, suit or proceeding arose; provided, however, that the proportion determined on the basis of relative benefit may, to the extent necessary to conform to applicable law, be further adjusted by reference to the
relative fault of the Company and all officers, directors or employees of the Company other than Indemnitee who are jointly liable with Indemnitee (or would be if joined in such action, suit or proceeding), on the one hand, and Indemnitee, on the
other hand, in connection with the events that resulted in such expenses, judgments, fines or settlement amounts, as well as any other equitable considerations which applicable law may require to be considered. The relative fault of the Company and
all officers, directors or employees of the 



  

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Company, other than Indemnitee, who are jointly liable with Indemnitee (or would be if joined in such action, suit or proceeding), on the one hand, and
Indemnitee, on the other hand, shall be determined by reference to, among other things, the degree to which their actions were motivated by intent to gain personal profit or advantage, the degree to which their liability is primary or secondary and
the degree to which their conduct is active or passive. 


  

	 	(c)	The Company hereby agrees to fully indemnify and hold Indemnitee harmless from any claims of contribution which may be brought by officers, directors or employees of the Company,
other than Indemnitee, who may be jointly liable with Indemnitee. 

  

	6.	Indemnification for Expenses of a Witness. 

 Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, to the extent that Indemnitee is, by reason of his Corporate Status, a witness in any Proceeding to which Indemnitee is not a party, he shall be indemnified against all Expenses
actually and reasonably incurred by him or on his behalf in connection therewith. 
  

	7.	Advancement of Expenses. 

 Notwithstanding any other
provision of this Agreement, the Company shall advance all Expenses incurred by or on behalf of Indemnitee in connection with any Proceeding by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status within ten (10) days after the receipt by the Company
of a statement or statements from Indemnitee requesting such advance or advances from time to time, whether prior to or after final disposition of such Proceeding. Such statement or statements shall reasonably evidence the Expenses incurred by
Indemnitee and shall include or be preceded or accompanied by an undertaking by or on behalf of Indemnitee to repay any Expenses advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified against such Expenses.
Any advances and undertakings to repay pursuant to this Section 7 shall be unsecured and interest free. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the obligation of the Company to advance Expenses pursuant to this Section 7 shall be subject to the
condition that, if, when and to the extent that the Company determines based on the advice of counsel that Indemnitee would not be permitted to be indemnified under applicable law, the Company shall be entitled to be reimbursed, within thirty
(30) days of such determination, by Indemnitee (who hereby agrees to reimburse the Company) for all such amounts theretofore paid; provided, however, that if Indemnitee has commenced or thereafter commences legal proceedings in a court of
competent jurisdiction to secure a determination that Indemnitee should be indemnified under applicable law, any determination made by the Company that Indemnitee would not be permitted to be indemnified under applicable law shall not be binding and
Indemnitee shall not be required to reimburse the Company for any advance of Expenses until a final judicial determination is made with respect thereto (and as to which all rights of appeal therefrom have been exhausted or lapsed). 
  

	8.	Procedures and Presumptions for Determination of Entitlement to Indemnification. 

 It is the intent of this Agreement to secure for Indemnitee rights of indemnity that are as favorable as may be permitted under the Law and public policy of the Cayman Islands. Accordingly, the parties agree that the
following procedures and presumptions shall apply in the event of any question as to whether Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification under this Agreement: 
  

	 	(a)	 To obtain indemnification (including, but not limited to, the advancement of Expenses and contribution by the Company) under this Agreement, Indemnitee shall submit
to the Company a written request, including therein or therewith such documentation and information as is reasonably available to Indemnitee and is reasonably necessary to determine whether 



  

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and to what extent Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification. The Secretary of the Company shall, promptly upon receipt of such a request for
indemnification, advise the Board of Directors in writing that Indemnitee has requested indemnification. 


  

	 	(b)	Upon written request by Indemnitee for indemnification pursuant to the first sentence of Section 8(a) hereof, a determination, if required by applicable law, with respect to
Indemnitee’s entitlement thereto shall be made in the specific case by one of the following three methods, which shall be at the election of Indemnitee: (1) by a majority vote of the disinterested directors, even though less than a quorum,
(2) by Independent Counsel in a written opinion or (3) by the shareholders of the Company holding 75% of the voting rights of the Company, voting together as a single class. 

  

	 	(c)	If the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by Independent Counsel pursuant to Section 8(b) hereof, the Independent Counsel shall be selected as
provided in this Section 8(c). The Independent Counsel shall be selected by the Board of Directors, which shall notify Indemnitee in writing as to such selection. Indemnitee may, within 10 days after such written notice of selection shall have
been received by Indemnitee, deliver to the Company a written objection to such selection; provided, however, that such objection may be asserted only on the ground that the Independent Counsel so selected does not meet the requirements of
“Independent Counsel” as defined in Section 1 of this Agreement, and the objection shall set forth with particularity the factual basis of such assertion. Absent a proper and timely objection, the person so selected shall act as
Independent Counsel. If a written objection is made and substantiated, the Independent Counsel selected may not serve as Independent Counsel unless and until such objection is withdrawn or a court has determined that such objection is without merit.
If, within 20 days after submission by Indemnitee of a written request for indemnification pursuant to Section 8(a) hereof, no Independent Counsel shall have been selected and not objected to, either the Company or Indemnitee may petition a
court of competent jurisdiction for resolution of any objection which shall have been made by Indemnitee to the Board of Director’s selection of Independent Counsel and/or for the appointment as Independent Counsel of a person selected by the
court or by such other person as the court shall designate, and the person with respect to whom all objections are so resolved or the person so appointed shall act as Independent Counsel under Section 8(b) hereof. The Company shall pay any and
all reasonable fees and expenses of Independent Counsel incurred by such Independent Counsel in connection with acting pursuant to Section 8(b) hereof, and the Company shall pay all reasonable fees and expenses incident to the procedures of
this Section 8(c), regardless of the manner in which such Independent Counsel was selected or appointed. The Company agrees to pay the reasonable fees of the Independent Counsel and to fully indemnify such counsel against any and all Expenses,
claims, liabilities and damages arising out of or relating to this Agreement or its engagement pursuant hereto. 

  

	 	(d)	In making a determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification hereunder, the person or persons or entity making such determination shall presume that Indemnitee is
entitled to indemnification under this Agreement. Anyone seeking to overcome this presumption shall have the burden of proof and the burden of persuasion by clear and convincing evidence. 

  

	 	(e)	 Indemnitee shall be deemed to have acted in good faith if Indemnitee’s action is based on the records or books of account of the Enterprise, including
financial statements, or on information supplied to Indemnitee by the officers of the Enterprise (as hereinafter defined) in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the Enterprise or on information or records given or
reports made to the Enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected with reasonable care by the Enterprise. In addition, the knowledge and/or actions, or failure to act, of any director, officer,
agent or employee of the Enterprise shall not be imputed to Indemnitee for purposes of determining the 



  

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right to indemnification under this Agreement. Whether or not the foregoing provisions of this Section 8(e) are satisfied, it shall in any event be
presumed that Indemnitee has at all times acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company. Anyone seeking to overcome this presumption shall have the burden of proof and the
burden of persuasion by clear and convincing evidence. 


  

	 	(f)	If the person, persons or entity empowered or selected under Section 8 to determine whether Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification shall not have made a determination within
thirty (30) days after receipt by the Company of the request therefor, the requisite determination of entitlement to indemnification shall be deemed to have been made and Indemnitee shall be entitled to such indemnification absent (i) a
misstatement by Indemnitee of a material fact, or an omission of a material fact necessary to make Indemnitee’s statement not materially misleading, in connection with the request for indemnification, or (ii) a prohibition of such
indemnification under applicable law; provided, however, that such 30 day period may be extended for a reasonable time, not to exceed an additional fifteen (15) days, if the person, persons or entity making such determination with respect to
entitlement to indemnification in good faith requires such additional time to obtain or evaluate documentation and/or information relating thereto; and provided, further, that the foregoing provisions of this Section 8(f) shall not apply if the
determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by the shareholders pursuant to Section 8(b) of this Agreement and if (A) within fifteen (15) days after receipt by the Company of the request for such determination, the
Board of Directors or the Disinterested Directors, if appropriate, resolve to submit such determination to the shareholders for their consideration at an annual meeting thereof to be held within seventy five (75) days after such receipt and
such determination is made thereat, or (B) an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders is called within fifteen (15) days after such receipt for the purpose of making such determination, such meeting is held for such purpose within
sixty (60) days after having been so called and such determination is made thereat. 

  

	 	(g)	Indemnitee shall cooperate with the person, persons or entity making such determination with respect to Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification, including providing to such
person, persons or entity upon reasonable advance request any documentation or information which is not privileged or otherwise protected from disclosure and which is reasonably available to Indemnitee and reasonably necessary to such determination.
Any Independent Counsel, member of the Board of Directors or shareholder of the Company shall act reasonably and in good faith in making a determination regarding the Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification under this Agreement. Any costs
or expenses (including attorneys’ fees and disbursements) incurred by Indemnitee in so cooperating with the person, persons or entity making such determination shall be borne by the Company (irrespective of the determination as to
Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification) and the Company hereby indemnifies and agrees to hold Indemnitee harmless therefrom. 

  

	 	(h)	The Company acknowledges that a settlement or other disposition short of final judgment may be successful if it permits a party to avoid expense, delay, distraction, disruption and
uncertainty. In the event that any action, claim or proceeding to which Indemnitee is a party is resolved in any manner other than by adverse judgment against Indemnitee (including, without limitation, settlement of such action, claim or proceeding
with or without payment of money or other consideration) it shall be presumed that Indemnitee has been successful on the merits or otherwise in such action, suit or proceeding. Anyone seeking to overcome this presumption shall have the burden of
proof and the burden of persuasion by clear and convincing evidence. 

  

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	9.	Remedies of Indemnitee. 

  

	 	(a)	In the event that (i) a determination is made pursuant to Section 8 of this Agreement that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification under this Agreement,
(ii) advancement of Expenses is not timely made pursuant to Section 7 of this Agreement, (iii) no determination of entitlement to indemnification is made pursuant to Section 8(b) of this Agreement within 90 days after receipt by
the Company of the request for indemnification, (iv) payment of indemnification is not made pursuant to this Agreement within ten (10) days after receipt by the Company of a written request therefor or (v) payment of indemnification
is not made within ten (10) days after a determination has been made that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification or such determination is deemed to have been made pursuant to Section 7 of this Agreement, Indemnitee shall be entitled to
an adjudication in any court of competent jurisdiction of his entitlement to such indemnification. Alternatively, Indemnitee, at Indemnitee’s option, may seek an award in arbitration to be conducted by a single arbitrator sitting in New York,
pursuant to the rules of the American Arbitration Association. The Company shall not oppose Indemnitee’s right to seek any such adjudication or award in arbitration. 

  

	 	(b)	In the event that a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 8(b) of this Agreement that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification, any judicial proceeding or
arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 9 shall be conducted in all respects as a de novo trial on the merits, and Indemnitee shall not be prejudiced by reason of the adverse determination under Section 8(b). In any such proceeding
or arbitration, the Company shall have the burden of proof and burden of persuasion by clear and convincing evidence that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification or advancement of Expenses, as the case may be. 

  

	 	(c)	If a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 8(b) of this Agreement that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, the Company shall be bound by such
determination in any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 9, absent a prohibition of such indemnification under applicable law. 

  

	 	(d)	In the event that Indemnitee, pursuant to this Section 9, seeks a judicial adjudication or award in arbitration of his rights under, or to recover damages for breach of, this
Agreement, or to recover under any directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policies maintained by the Company, the Company shall pay on his behalf, in advance, any and all expenses (of the types described in the definition of Expenses
in Section 1 of this Agreement) actually and reasonably incurred by him in such judicial adjudication, regardless of whether Indemnitee ultimately is determined to be entitled to such indemnification, advancement of expenses or insurance
recovery. 

  

	 	(e)	The Company shall be precluded from asserting in any judicial proceeding commenced pursuant to this Section 9 that the procedures and presumptions of this Agreement are not
valid, binding and enforceable and shall stipulate in any such court that the Company is bound by all the provisions of this Agreement. 

  

	 	(f)	In the event that Indemnitee, pursuant to this Section 9, seeks a judicial adjudication of or an award in arbitration to enforce Indemnitee’s rights under, or to recover
damages for breach of, this Agreement, Indemnitee shall be entitled to recover from the Company and shall be indemnified by the Company against, any and all expenses (of the types described in the definition of Expenses in this Agreement) actually
and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee in such adjudication or arbitration, but only if Indemnitee prevails therein. If it shall be determined in such adjudication or arbitration that Indemnitee is entitled to receive part but not all of the
indemnification of advancement or expenses sought, the expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with such adjudication or arbitration shall be appropriately prorated. 

  

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	10.	Non Exclusivity; Survival of Rights; Insurance; Subrogation. 

  

	 	(a)	The rights of indemnification as provided by this Agreement shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which Indemnitee may at any time be entitled under applicable law,
the Articles, any agreement, a vote of shareholders, a resolution of directors or otherwise. No amendment, alteration or repeal of this Agreement or of any provision hereof shall limit or restrict any right of Indemnitee under this Agreement in
respect of any action taken or omitted by such Indemnitee in his Corporate Status prior to such amendment, alteration or repeal. To the extent that a change in the Law, whether by statute or judicial decision, permits greater indemnification than
would be afforded currently under the Articles and this Agreement, it is the intent of the parties hereto that Indemnitee shall be entitled by this Agreement to the greater benefits so afforded by such change. No right or remedy herein conferred is
intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every other right and remedy shall be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion
or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other right or remedy. 

  

	 	(b)	To the extent that the Company maintains an insurance policy or policies providing liability insurance for directors, officers, employees, or agents or fiduciaries of the Company or
of any other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise that such person serves at the request of the Company, Indemnitee shall be covered by such policy or policies in accordance with its or their
terms to the maximum extent of the coverage available for any director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary under such policy or policies. 

  

	 	(c)	In the event of any payment under this Agreement, the Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of Indemnitee, who shall execute all
papers required and take all action necessary to secure such rights, including execution of such documents as are necessary to enable the Company to bring suit to enforce such rights. 

  

	 	(d)	The Company shall not be liable under this Agreement to make any payment of amounts otherwise indemnifiable hereunder if and to the extent that Indemnitee has otherwise actually
received such payment under any insurance policy, contract, agreement or otherwise. 

  

	11.	Exception to Right of Indemnification. 

 Notwithstanding
any other provision of this Agreement, Indemnitee shall not be entitled to indemnification under this Agreement with respect to any Proceeding brought by Indemnitee, or any claim therein, unless (a) the bringing of such Proceeding or making of
such claim shall have been approved by the Board of Directors of the Company or (b) such Proceeding is being brought by Indemnitee to assert, interpret or enforce his rights under this Agreement. 
  

	12.	Duration of Agreement. 

 All agreements and obligations of
the Company contained herein shall continue during the period Indemnitee is an officer or director of the Company (or is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership,
joint venture, trust or other enterprise) and for a period of 10 years thereafter; provided that such agreements and obligations of the Company shall be extended and continue thereafter so long as any Proceeding (or any proceeding commenced under
Section 10 hereof) is pending or threatened against Indemnitee by reason of his Corporate Status, whether or not he is acting or serving in any such capacity at the time any liability or expense is incurred for which indemnification can be
provided under this Agreement. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of and be 

  

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enforceable by the parties hereto and their respective successors (including any direct or indirect successor by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise
to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company), assigns, spouses, heirs, executors and personal and legal representatives. 
  

	13.	Security. 

 To the extent requested by Indemnitee and
approved by the Board of Directors of the Company, the Company may at any time and from time to time provide security to Indemnitee for the Company’s obligations hereunder through an irrevocable bank line of credit, funded trust or other
collateral. Any such security, once provided to Indemnitee, may not be revoked or released without the prior written consent of the Indemnitee. 
  

	14.	Enforcement. 

  

	 	(a)	The Company expressly confirms and agrees that it has entered into this Agreement and assumes the obligations imposed on it hereby in order to induce Indemnitee to serve as an
officer or director of the Company, and the Company acknowledges that Indemnitee is relying upon this Agreement in serving as an officer or director of the Company. 

  

	 	(b)	This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, oral,
written and implied, between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof. 

  

	15.	Severability. 

 If any provision or provisions of this
Agreement shall be held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, void, illegal or otherwise unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (a) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement
(including without limitation, each portion of any section of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or
impaired thereby and shall remain enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law; and (b) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, each portion of any section of this Agreement
containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested thereby. Without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, this Agreement is intended to confer upon Indemnitee indemnification rights to the fullest extent permitted by applicable laws. In the event any provision hereof conflicts with any applicable law, such provision shall be deemed modified,
consistent with the aforementioned intent, to the extent necessary to resolve such conflict. 
  

	16.	Modification and Waiver. 

 No supplement, modification,
termination or amendment of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by both of the parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions hereof
(whether or not similar) nor shall such waiver constitute a continuing waiver. 
  

	17.	Notice By Indemnitee. 

 Indemnitee agrees promptly to
notify the Company in writing upon being served with or otherwise receiving any summons, citation, subpoena, complaint, indictment, information or other document relating to any Proceeding or matter which may be subject to indemnification covered
hereunder. The failure to so notify the Company shall not relieve the Company of any obligation which it may have to Indemnitee under this Agreement or otherwise unless and only to the extent that such failure or delay materially prejudices the
Company. 
  

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	18.	Notices. 

 All notices and other communications given or
made pursuant hereto shall be in writing and shall be deemed effectively given: (i) upon personal delivery to the party to be notified, (ii) when sent by confirmed electronic mail or facsimile if sent during normal business hours of the
recipient; if not, then on the next business day, (iii) ten (10) days after having been sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, or (iv) two (2) days after deposit with an internationally
recognized overnight courier, specifying next day delivery, with written verification of receipt. All communications shall be sent to the respective parties at the addresses set forth on the signature pages attached hereto (or at such other
addresses as shall be specified by notice given in accordance with this Section 18). 
  

	19.	Identical Counterparts. 

 This Agreement may be executed in
two or more counterparts, each of which shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same Agreement. Only one such counterpart signed by the party against whom enforceability is sought
needs to be produced to evidence the existence of this Agreement. 
  

	20.	Governing Law. 

 The parties agree that this Agreement
shall be governed by, and construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York without application of the conflict of laws principles thereof. 
  

	21.	Headings. 

 The headings of the paragraphs of this
Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute part of this Agreement or to affect the construction thereof. 
  

	22.	Gender. 

 Use of the masculine pronoun shall be deemed to
include usage of the feminine pronoun where appropriate. 
 [Signature page follows] 
  

 10 








 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement on and as of the day and year first above written.

  

			
	XINYUAN REAL ESTATE CO., LTD.
		
	By:	 	  

	Name:	 	Yong Zhang
	Title:	 	Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

  

			
	 INDEMNITEE

		
	 Name:
	 	
	 Address: