# Patent

## Title
Bearing sleeve

## Abstract

Disclosed is a bearing sleeve for supporting a shaft of an air cycle machine. The bearing sleeve includes an outer diameter and an inner diameter. The outer diameter is within a range of 3.214 and 3.216 inches. Further included is a foil retaining cavity provided in the inner diameter of the sleeve. The foil retaining cavity includes a slot and first and second openings located at opposing axial ends of the slot. Each of the first and second openings include a small portion and a large portion having different axial lengths. A ratio of the combined axial lengths of the large portions to an axial length of the foil retaining cavity is within a range of 0.19:1 and 0.22:1.

## Background
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/788,783, filed Mar. 15, 2013, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference.
BACKGROUND
This application relates to bearing sleeves, and in particular to bearing sleeves for air cycle machines (ACMs).
ACMs are known and include a compressor which compresses air and delivers the air for a downstream use, such as is an aircraft air supply system. A portion of the air from the compressor outlet passes over a turbine rotor, driving the turbine rotor to rotate. An ACM may include several rotating shafts supported by air bearings. One known type of air bearing includes a foil assembly supported by a bearing sleeve.
SUMMARY
In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure includes a bearing sleeve configured for supporting a shaft of an air cycle machine. The bearing sleeve includes an outer diameter and an inner diameter. The outer diameter is within a range of 3.214 and 3.216 inches. Further included is a foil retaining cavity provided in the inner diameter of the sleeve. The foil retaining cavity includes a slot and first and second openings located at opposing axial ends of the slot. Each of the first and second openings include a small portion and a large portion having different axial lengths. A ratio of the combined axial lengths of the large portions to an axial length of the foil retaining cavity is within a range of 0.19:1 and 0.22:1.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, a ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter is within a range of 1.140:1 and 1.142:1.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, the large portions of the first and second openings each have axial lengths within a range of 0.265 and 0.305 inches.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, the small portions of the first and second openings each have axial lengths within a range of 0.12 and 0.16 inches.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, the large portions of the first and second openings each have widths within a range of 0.215 and 0.225 inches, measured relative to a centerline of the slot.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, the small portions of the first and second openings each have widths within a range of 0.065 and 0.075 inches, measured relative to a centerline of the slot.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, the foil retaining cavity has a length within a range of 2.795 and 2.805 inches.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, the bearing sleeve has an overall axial length within a range of 3.33 and 3.35 inches.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, the slot has a within a range of 0.041 and 0.047 inches.
Another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure includes an air cycle machine having a bearing sleeve. The bearing sleeve includes an outer diameter and an inner diameter. The outer diameter is within a range of 3.214 and 3.216 inches. Further included is a foil retaining cavity provided in the inner diameter of the sleeve. The foil retaining cavity includes a slot and first and second openings located at opposing axial ends of the slot. Each of the first and second openings include a small portion and a large portion having different axial lengths. A ratio of the combined axial lengths of the large portions to an axial length of the foil retaining cavity is within a range of 0.19:1 and 0.22:1.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, the air cycle machine includes a foil assembly, the foil assembly including a bent portion and tabs at axial ends thereof.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, the bent portion is received within the slot, and wherein the tabs are received within the large portions of the first and second openings.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, the air cycle machine includes at least one O-ring supporting the bearing sleeve within a central opening in the air cycle machine, the O-ring directly engaged with the outer diameter of the bearing sleeve.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, a ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter is within a range of 1.140:1 and 1.142:1.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, the large portions of the first and second openings each have axial lengths within a range of 0.265 and 0.305 inches.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, the small portions of the first and second openings each have axial lengths within a range of 0.12 and 0.16 inches.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, the large portions of the first and second openings each have widths within a range of 0.215 and 0.225 inches, measured relative to a centerline of the slot.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, the small portions of the first and second openings each have widths within a range of 0.065 and 0.075 inches, measured relative to a centerline of the slot.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, the foil retaining cavity has a length within a range of 2.795 and 2.805 inches.
In a further embodiment of any of the above, the bearing sleeve has an overall axial length within a range of 3.33 and 3.35 inches.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The drawings can be briefly described as follows:
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an example air cycle machine (ACM).
FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an example bearing sleeve.
FIG. 3 is a view taken along line A-A from FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a view taken along line B-B from FIG. 3.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an air cycle machine (ACM) 10 including a fan, or compressor, section 12, a turbine section 14, and at least one shaft 16. The shaft 16 is supported by a bearing assembly 18, which includes a bearing sleeve 20, a foil assembly 22, and O-rings 24. The foil assembly 22 is positioned circumferentially within the bearing sleeve 20. The foil assembly 22 is configured to interact with the shaft 16 and allow the shaft 16 to rotate, as is known in the art. The bearing sleeve 20 is supported within a central opening in the ACM 10 by way of the O-rings 24.
FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an example bearing sleeve 20. The example bearing sleeve 20, in one example, is positioned adjacent the fan section 12 of the ACM 10. The bearing sleeve 20 includes an outer diameter D1, an inner diameter D2, and spans an axial length L1. The foil assembly 22 is supported by the bearing sleeve 20 by way of a foil retaining cavity F provided in the inner diameter of the bearing sleeve 20. In the example, the axial length L1 of the bearing sleeve 20 is within a range of 3.33 and 3.35 inches (approximately 8.458 to 8.509 cm). Further, the foil retaining cavity F has an overall length L2 within a range of 2.795 and 2.805 inches (approximately 7.099 to 7.125 cm).
The outer diameter D1 of the bearing sleeve 20 is selected to provide a desired preload relative to the O-rings 24. This preload is selected such that the bearing sleeve 20 will remain in place during operation, as well as to provide a desired damping level for the ACM 10. For example, the higher the preload, the higher the damping during operation of the ACM 10.
In one example, the outer diameter D1 is within a range of 3.214 and 3.216 inches (approximately 8.164 to 8.169 cm). This D1 provides the ACM with a relatively low, yet adequate, level of damping while ensuring that the bearing sleeve 20 remains in place during operation. In this example, the ratio of the outer diameter D1 to the inner diameter D2 is within a range of 1.140:1 and 1.142:1.
As illustrated in FIG. 3, which is a view taken along line A-A in FIG. 2, the foil retaining cavity F includes a slot 26 and first and second openings 28, 30 at opposed axial ends of the slot 26. In one example the openings 28, 30 each include large portion A, as well as a relatively smaller portion B. The large portions A have an axial length L3, and the smaller portions B have a smaller axial length L4.
In this example each large portion A has an axial length L3 of within a range of 0.265 and 0.305 inches (approximately 0.673 to 0.775 cm), which is selected to correspond to a length of the tabs 34 of a foil assembly 22 (FIG. 4). The length of the smaller portions L4 is within a range of 0.12 and 0.16 inches (approximately 0.305 to 0.406 cm).
In this example, a ratio of the combined axial length of the large portions L3 (2×L3) to an overall axial length of the foil retaining cavity L2 is within a range of 0.19:1 and 0.22:1. This ratio relates the length of the foil retaining cavity F used to interact with the tabs of the foil assembly 22 (e.g., 2×L3) versus the overall length of the foil retaining cavity L2. While this is just one example, many of the dimensions disclosed herein are interrelated and thus can be usefully expressed in terms of ratios.
FIG. 4 is a view taken along line B-B from FIG. 3, and illustrates the manner in which the foil assembly 22 is retained by the foil cavity F. The foil assembly 22 includes a bent portion 32 along its length for receipt into the slot 26. The slot 26 has a width W1 to receive the bent portion. In one example the width W1 is within a range of 0.041 and 0.047 inches (approximately 0.104 to 0.120 cm). The slot 26 further includes radii 26R at the base thereof, and break edges 26B where the slot 26 is provided into the inner diameter of the bearing sleeve 20 for ease of machining.
The foil assembly 22 further includes tabs 34 at each axial end thereof. The tabs 34 are configured to be received within the large portions A of the first and second openings 28, 30 of the foil retaining cavity F. The tabs 34 have an axial length corresponding to the axial length L3 of the large portions A.
FIG. 4 further illustrates the widths of the large and small portions A, B of the openings 28, 30. In this example, large portion A has a width W2 within a range of 0.215 and 0.225 inches (approximately 0.546 to 0.575 cm), and small portion B has a width W3 within a range of 0.065 and 0.075 inches (approximately 0.165 to 0.191 cm), with W2 and W3 each measured relative to the centerline of the slot 26.
In one example, the bearing sleeve 20 is made of steel by way of an electron discharge machining (EDM) process. The foil retaining cavity F is formed during the EDM process in the example. After forming the foil retaining cavity F using the EDM process, the inner diameter D2 is further machined to provide a desired preload on the foil assembly 22. That is, the dimension of the inner diameter D2 is selected such that the foil assembly 22 engages the shaft 16 with an appropriate amount of force such that the foil assembly 22 will remain in place during operation, while still permitting the shaft 16 to freely rotate. Machining the inner diameter after the EDM process has the benefits of removing any residue (e.g., burrs) left behind after the EDM process, and preventing any warping of the bearing sleeve 20.
This disclosure provides bearing sleeves that interact with a foil assembly, as well as O-rings, to provide appropriate preloads, which relate to the damping of the ACM and the support of the foil assembly, among other benefits.
Although the different examples have the specific components shown in the illustrations, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to those particular combinations. It is possible to use some of the components or features from one of the examples in combination with features or components from another one of the examples.
One of ordinary skill in this art would understand that the above-described embodiments are exemplary and non-limiting. That is, modifications of this disclosure would come within the scope of the claims. Accordingly, the following claims should be studied to determine their true scope and content.

## Claims

1. A bearing sleeve for supporting a shaft of an air cycle machine, comprising:
an outer diameter and an inner diameter, wherein the outer diameter is within a range of 3.214 and 3.216 inches; and
a foil retaining cavity provided in the inner diameter, the foil retaining cavity including a slot and first and second openings located at opposing axial ends of the slot, each of the first and second openings including a small portion and a large portion having different axial lengths, wherein a ratio of the combined axial lengths of the large portions to an overall axial length of the foil retaining cavity is within a range of 0.19:1 and 0.22:1.

2. The bearing sleeve as recited in claim 1, wherein a ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter is within a range of 1.140:1 and 1.142:1.

3. The bearing sleeve as recited in claim 1, wherein the large portions of the first and second openings each have axial lengths within a range of 0.265 and 0.305 inches.

4. The bearing sleeve as recited in claim 1, wherein the small portions of the first and second openings each have axial lengths within a range of 0.12 and 0.16 inches.

5. The bearing sleeve as recited in claim 1, wherein the large portions of the first and second openings each have widths within a range of 0.215 and 0.225 inches, measured relative to a centerline of the slot.

6. The bearing sleeve as recited in claim 1, wherein the small portions of the first and second openings each have widths within a range of 0.065 and 0.075 inches, measured relative to a centerline of the slot.

7. The bearing sleeve as recited in claim 1, wherein the foil retaining cavity has a length within a range of 2.795 and 2.805 inches.

8. The bearing sleeve as recited in claim 1, wherein the bearing sleeve has an overall axial length within a range of 3.33 and 3.35 inches.

9. The bearing sleeve as recited in claim 1, wherein the slot has a width within a range of 0.041 and 0.047 inches.

10. An air cycle machine, comprising:
a bearing sleeve, the bearing sleeve including an outer diameter and an inner diameter, wherein the outer diameter is within a range of 3.214 and 3.216 inches, the bearing sleeve further including a foil retaining cavity provided in the inner diameter, the foil retaining cavity including a slot and first and second openings located at opposing axial ends of the slot, each of the first and second openings including a small portion and a large portion having different axial lengths, wherein a ratio of the combined axial lengths of the large portions to an overall axial length of the foil retaining cavity is within a range of 0.19:1 and 0.22:1.

11. The air cycle machine as recited in claim 10, including a foil assembly, the foil assembly including a bent portion and tabs at axial ends thereof.

12. The air cycle machine as recited in claim 11, wherein the bent portion is received within the slot, and wherein the tabs are received within the large portions of the first and second openings.

13. The air cycle machine as recited in claim 10, including at least one O-ring supporting the bearing sleeve within a central opening in the air cycle machine, the O-ring directly engaged with the outer diameter of the bearing sleeve.

14. The air cycle machine as recited in claim 10, wherein a ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter is within a range of 1.140:1 and 1.142:1.

15. The air cycle machine as recited in claim 10, wherein the large portions of the first and second openings each have axial lengths within a range of 0.265 and 0.305 inches.

16. The air cycle machine as recited in claim 10, wherein the small portions of the first and second openings each have axial lengths within a range of 0.12 and 0.16 inches.

17. The air cycle machine as recited in claim 10, wherein the large portions of the first and second openings each have widths within a range of 0.215 and 0.225 inches, measured relative to a centerline of the slot.

18. The air cycle machine as recited in claim 10, wherein the small portions of the first and second openings each have widths within a range of 0.065 and 0.075 inches, measured relative to a centerline of the slot.

19. The air cycle machine as recited in claim 10, wherein the foil retaining cavity has a length within a range of 2.795 and 2.805 inches.

20. The air cycle machine as recited in claim 10, wherein the bearing sleeve has an overall axial length within a range of 3.33 and 3.35 inches.