# Patent

## Title
Riser clamp

## Abstract

A riser clamp (20) comprising a first jaw portion (211) and a second jaw portion (212) that can be opened and closed relative to each other. The jaw portions (211/212) each comprise a thermoplastic body (301/302) that can be, for example, injection molded pieces of polyethylene (e.g., HDPE). The jaw portions (211/212) can be connected by a hinge (39) that is integrally formed therewith. The clamp (20) can also include cradles (701/702) and caps (711/712) for holding auxiliary lines.

## Background
This application is a national phase of International Application No. PCT/US2009/042285 filed Apr. 30, 2009 and published in the English language, which claims priority of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/049,054 filed Apr. 30, 2008, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.


In an offshore drilling operation, a drillstring extends from a rig into a wellbore whereat it drills deeper and deeper into the sea floor. The drillstring extends through a riser which reaches from the rig platform to the wellhead, usually with a subsea blowout prevention stack between it and the ocean floor. During drilling, mud removed from the wellbore is drained to the surface through the riser. The riser can be over 30 cm wide (e.g., it can have about a 53 cm diameter) and it may be thousands of meters long. The riser is typically made of a succession of riser pipes having adjacent ends that are connected and disconnected on the rig to raise and lower the riser into the ocean.
SUMMARY
A riser clamp is provided that comprises thermoplastic jaw portions formed by injection molding of a polyethylene (e.g., HDPE). The clamp can be constructed to have greater strength that its casted cousins made of thermoset plastic (e.g., urethane). Additionally or alternatively, the clamp can be more corrosion-resistant and/or much lighter than an analogous metal riser clamp.



DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an offshore drilling operation.
FIG. 2 is a close-up schematic view of a riser clamp connecting adjacent ends of two riser pipes.
FIGS. 3 and 4 are perspective and plan views, respectively of the riser clamp.
FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 are front, top and side views, respectively of another riser clamp, (the clamp being shown without its caps in FIG. 7.)



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
An offshore drilling operation is shown schematically in FIG. 1. In this operation 10, a drillstring 11 extends from the rig 12 into a wellbore whereat it drills deeper and deeper into the sea floor. The drillstring 11 extends through a riser 13 which reaches from the rig platform to the wellhead, usually with a subsea blowout prevention stack 14 between it and the ocean floor. During drilling, mud removed from the wellbore is drained to the surface through the riser 13. The drilling operation 10 will often also include auxiliary lines 15 (e.g., choke lines, kill lines, pneumatic lines, hydraulic lines, equipment control lines, and/or logging lines) that can run alongside the riser 13.
As is best seen by referring additionally to FIG. 2, the riser 13 is typically made of a succession of riser pipes 16. The adjacent ends of neighboring riser pipes (i.e., the trailing end of one riser pipe and the leading end of the next riser pipe) can be joined together by a riser clamp 20. The pipes 16 can thereby be connected and disconnected on the rig 12 to raise and lower the riser 13 into the ocean. The auxiliary lines 15 can also be held by the riser clamp 20.
Referring now to FIGS. 3-4, the riser clamp 20 is shown in more detail. While some riser clamps require a lose metal strap to hold them onto the riser, the illustrated clamp 20 can be characterized by the absence of such an external strap. That being said, the use of the clamp 20 in conjunction with an external strap is possible and contemplated.
The clamp 20 can comprise a first jaw portion 211 and a second jaw portion 212 and these jaw portions 21 can be opened and closed relative to each other. The jaw portions 21 each have an inner wall 22 (i.e., jaw portion 211 has an inner wall 221 and jaw portion 212 has an inner wall 222) and an outer wall 23 (i.e., jaw portion 211 has an outer wall 231 and jaw portion 212 has an outer wall 232). When the riser clamp 20 is closed, the inner walls 221 and 222 together form the clamp's radially inner surface and an embrace 24 for the adjacent ends of the to-be-connected riser pipes 16. The outer walls 231 and 232 together form the clamp's radially outer surface.
The first jaw portion 211 comprises a thermoplastic body 301 that at least partially forms its inner wall 221 and its outer wall 231. The second jaw portion 212 likewise comprises a thermoplastic body 302 that at least partially forms its inner wall 222 and its outer wall 232. The first thermoplastic body 301 and/or the second thermoplastic body 302 can be made from a polyethylene thermoplastic, such as a high density polyethylene HDPE thermoplastic. They can be formed in one piece and/or they can be injection molded. With certain clamp designs (such as the hinged design shown in FIGS. 2-3), it may be possible to form the first thermoplastic body 301 in one piece with the second thermoplastic body 302.
The riser embrace 24 is sized and shaped in accordance with the riser 13 and/or riser pipes 16. Thus, the embrace 24 can be, for example, circular in shape and it can have a diameter greater than 30 cm and/or greater than 50 cm. With a circular embrace, the inner walls 22 of the jaw portions 21 can each have a semi-cylindrical shape and they can be symmetrically positioned relative to each other when the clamp 20 is closed.
The riser clamp 20 can further comprise a hinge 39 between its first jaw portion 211 and its second jaw portion 212. The hinge 39 can form, for example, an elbow-like pivot connection that expands/contracts when the jaw portions 20 are opened and closed. The hinge 39 can be integrally formed with the first jaw portion 211 and/or the second jaw portion 212, and more specifically, part of one or both of the thermoplastic bodies 30. In either or any event, the hinge 39 can be made of thermoplastic (e.g., a polyethylene thermoplastic, such as a high density polyethylene HDPE thermoplastic).
In the illustrated riser clamp 20, the each jaw portion 21 includes a pair of jaw-connecting flanges 40 (i.e., the first jaw portion 211 has two jaw-connecting flanges 401 and the second jaw portion 212 has two jaw-connecting flanges 402). The connecting flanges 40 extend radially outward from the respective inner wall 22 of its jaw's thermoplastic body 30, with the flanges 40 of each jaw portion 21 being positioned approximately 180° apart. Each jaw-connecting flange 401 of the first jaw portion 211 faces a corresponding jaw-connecting flange 402 of the second jaw portion 212.
The jaw-connecting flanges 40 can each have fastener openings 41 extending therethrough. When the riser clamp 20 is in a closed condition, the opening 411 on each flange 401 of the first jaw portion 211 is aligned with the opening 412 on the facing flange 402 of the second jaw portion 212. A fastener 50 can extend into and/or through each set of aligned openings 41. The fasteners 50 can comprise for example, metal (e.g., stainless steel) bolts.
The jaw-connecting flanges 40 can be part of the thermoplastic body 30 of the respective jaw portion 21. In the riser clamp 20 shown in FIGS. 2-3, the hinge 39 extends between the distal (i.e., radially outer) ends of one set of facing flanges 40. When opening and closing the riser clamp 20, the opposing set of flanges are diverged and converged relative to each other.
Either or both jaw portions 21 can one or more cradles 70 for holding auxiliary lines 15 and they can have a cap 71 for one, some, or all the cradles 70. When the cap 711/712 is open, an auxiliary line 15 can be placed in the cradle 701/702, and when the cap 711/712 is closed, an embrace 72 is formed for the auxiliary line 15. The aux-line embrace 72 can have circular shape with a diameter less than that of the riser embrace 24. For example, the diameter of the aux-line embrace 72 can be less than 25 cm, less than 20 cm, less than 15 cm, less than 10 cm, and/or less than 5 cm.
The riser clamp 20, and/or each jaw portion 21, can have cradles 70 that are the same size and/or cradles that are of different sizes. In the clamp 20 shown in FIGS. 2-3, for example, the first jaw portion 211 has three cradles 701 of three different diameters. The second jaw portion 212 has three cradles 702 with different diameters, with its largest cradle 702 and its smallest cradle 702 being substantially the same size as the largest and smallest cradles 701 in the first jaw portion 211. Each cradle 70 is provided with its own cap 71 sized in an a corresponding manner.
The cradles 70 can be part of the thermoplastic body 30 of their respective jaw portion 21 (and thus formed in one piece therewith). The caps 71 can be formed separately from the cradles 70 and/or the thermoplastic body 30, and then attached thereto (e.g., with pins 80) during assembly of the riser clamp 20. An advantageous attachment technique may be one wherein the cap 71 can remain attached to its corresponding cradle 70 with, for example, a pivotal connection.
The caps 71 can be made of any suitable material (e.g., a thermoplastic, a polyethylene thermoplastic and/or a HDPE thermoplastic) by any appropriate method (e.g., injection molding). The caps 71 can (or cannot) be made of the same material as the thermoplastic body 30 of their jaw portion 21 and/or they can (or cannot) be made of the same material as their corresponding cradle 70.
Referring now to FIGS. 5-7, another version of the riser clamp 120 is shown. The riser clamp 120 is similar in many ways to the riser clamp 20 shown in FIGS. 2-3, whereby like reference numerals are used to designate like parts.
The riser clamp 120, like the riser clamp 20, has a first jaw portion 211 comprising a thermoplastic body 301 (that at least partially forms its inner wall 221 and its outer wall 231) and a second jaw portion 212 comprising a thermoplastic body 302 (that at least partially forms its inner wall 222 and its outer wall 232). The clamp 120 also has a reinforcement strap 601 embedded in the elastomeric body 301 of the first jaw portion 211 and/or a reinforcement strap 602 embedded in the elastomeric body 302 of the second jaw portion 212. Preferably, but not necessarily, one or both of the reinforcement straps 60 are completely encapsulated within its embedding thermoplastic body 30. The straps 60 can be made from a material which is harder than that used to form the thermoplastic body 30. For example, each reinforcement strap 60 can be made from metal (e.g., stainless steel). The straps 601 and 602, like the thermoplastic bodies 301 and 302, can be approximately symmetrical when the clamp 120 is closed. In the illustrated clamp 120, the reinforcement straps 60 form part of the connecting flanges 40 and part of at least some of the cradles 70.
The jaw-connecting flanges 40 in the riser clamp 120, like those in the riser clamp 20, can each have fastener openings 41 extending therethrough for receipt of fastener 50. The clamp 120 also incorporates fastener-receiving inserts 42 in each these openings 41, which are surrounded by the thermoplastic body 30 of the respective jaw portion 21. The inserts 421/422 can have internal threads (e.g. to mate with external threads on the fasteners 50) and/or they can be made of metal. Additionally or alternatively, each insert can be welded or otherwise attached to the internal reinforcement strap 601/602 of the respective jaw portion 211/212 for further buttressing purpose.
The riser clamp 120, like the riser clamp 20, has cradles 70 that form auxiliary-line embraces 72. But in the riser clamp 120, they share projecting leg portions (of the respective jaw portions 21) with the connecting flanges 40. In one facing set of flanges 40 (the bottom set in FIG. 5), a cradle 70 extends from each flange 40 and they together form the embrace 72. (In riser clamp 120, the hinge 39 extends between these embrace-forming cradles 701 and 702.) In the other facing set of flange 40 (the top set in FIG. 5), a cradle 70 also extends from each flange 40, but they are oriented to form two separate embraces 72 when covered by a common cap 71.
The riser clamp 120 can further comprise a pad 901 positioned against the inner wall 221 of the first jaw portion 211 and a pad 902 positioned against the inner wall 222 of the second jaw portion 212. The pads 90 are intended to contact the riser pipe 16 and to reduce friction between the inner walls 22. To this end, they can be made from an elastomeric material, such as rubber. The pads 90 can have a plan shape following the profile of the inner walls 22 of the jaw portions 21.
The riser clamp 120, like the riser clamp 20 can be used without a lose metal strap to hold it onto the riser 13. But, the use of such an external strap (not shown) may be advantageous with the clamp 120. The strap could be made of, for example, stainless steel, and include openings or slots to accommodate the radial projection of auxiliary lines 15, hinge 39, flanges 40, fasteners 50, cradles 70, caps 71, and/or pins 80.
Although the riser clamp 20/120 has been shown and described with respect to a certain embodiments, equivalent alterations and modifications should occur to others skilled in the art upon review of this specification and drawings. If an element (e.g., component, assembly, system, device, composition, method, process, step, means, etc.), has been described as performing a particular function or functions, this element corresponds to any functional equivalent (i.e., any element performing the same or equivalent function) thereof, regardless of whether it is structurally equivalent thereto. And while a particular feature may have been described with respect to less than all of embodiments, such feature can be combined with one or more other features of the other embodiments.

## Claims

1. A marine riser clamp comprising:
a first jaw portion and a second jaw portion that can be opened and closed relative to each other;
the jaw portions each having an inner wall and an outer wall;
the inner walls together forming, when the clamp is closed, the clamp's radially inner surface and an embrace for a riser pipe;
the outer walls together forming, when the clamp is closed, the clamp's radially outer surface;
the first jaw portion comprising a first thermoplastic body at least partially forming its inner wall and its outer wall; and
the second jaw portion comprising a second thermoplastic body at least partially forming its inner wall and its outer wall;
wherein the first thermoplastic body is formed in one piece with the second thermoplastic body.

2. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 1, wherein at least one of the first thermoplastic body and the second thermoplastic body is injection molded.

3. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 1, wherein the embrace is a cylindrical embrace; and
wherein the cylindrical embrace has a diameter of greater than 30 cm.

4. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 1, further comprising a hinge between the first jaw portion and the second jaw portion, which forms a pivot when the jaw portions are opened and closed.

5. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 4, wherein the hinge bridges facing flanges of the first jaw portion and the second jaw portion.

6. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 4, wherein the hinge bridges facing cradles of the first jaw portion and the second jaw portion.

7. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 1, wherein the first jaw portion includes at least one jaw-connecting flange;
wherein the second jaw portion includes at least one jaw-connecting flange; and
wherein the jaw-connecting flanges have openings for receipt of fasteners.

8. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 7, wherein the openings comprise fastener-receiving inserts embedded in the thermoplastic body of the respective jaw portion.

9. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 8, wherein the fastener-receiving inserts are attached to a reinforcement strap embedded in the thermoplastic body of the respective jaw portion.

10. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 9, wherein the fastener-receiving inserts are welded to the reinforcement strap of the respective jaw portion.

11. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 1, wherein the first jaw portion has at least one cradle for holding an auxiliary line; and
wherein the second jaw portion has at least one cradle for holding an auxiliary line.

12. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 11, further comprising a cap for at least one of the cradles.

13. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 12, wherein when the cap is open, an auxiliary line can be placed in said at least one of the cradles, and when the cap is closed, an embrace is formed for the auxiliary line.

14. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 11, wherein an embrace is formed for an auxiliary line by a cradle on the first jaw portion and a cradle on the second jaw portion.

15. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 14, wherein the first jaw portion includes at least one jaw-connecting flange and the second jaw portion includes at least one jaw-connecting flange; and
wherein the embrace-forming cradles share projecting leg portions of respective jaw portions with the jaw-connecting flanges.

16. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 13, wherein the embrace for the auxiliary line is a circular embrace having a diameter less than a diameter of the riser embrace.

17. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 13, wherein the cap remains attached to its corresponding cradle when it is open.

18. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 17, wherein the cap is pivotally connected to the cradle.

19. A marine riser clamp as set forth in claim 11 in combination with a riser pipe and an auxiliary line, wherein the riser pipe is held by the embrace for the riser pipe and the auxiliary line is held by at least one of the cradles.

20. An offshore drilling operation comprising a drillstring, a rig, and the combination set forth in claim 19; wherein the drillstring extends through a riser comprised of plurality of connected riser pipes, wherein the riser extends from the rig into a wellbore; and wherein mud removed from the wellbore is drained to the surface through the riser.

21. A marine riser clamp comprising:
a first jaw portion and a second jaw portion that can be opened and closed relative to each other;
the jaw portions each having an inner wall and an outer wall;
the inner walls together forming, when the clamp is closed, the clamp's radially inner surface and an embrace for a riser pipe;
the outer walls together forming, when the clamp is closed, the clamp's radially outer surface;
the first jaw portion comprising a first thermoplastic body at least partially forming its inner wall and its outer wall; and
the second jaw portion comprising a second thermoplastic body at least partially forming its inner wall and its outer wall;
wherein at least one of the first thermoplastic body and the second thermoplastic body is made from polyethylene thermoplastic or high density polyethylene (HDPE) thermoplastic.

22. A marine riser clamp comprising:
a first jaw portion and a second jaw portion that can be opened and closed relative to each other;
the jaw portions each having an inner wall and an outer wall;
the inner walls together forming, when the clamp is closed, the clamp's radially inner surface and an embrace for a riser pipe;
the first jaw portion comprising a first thermoplastic body at least partially forming its inner wall; and
the second jaw portion comprising a second thermoplastic body at least partially forming its inner wall;
wherein the first jaw portion has at least one cradle for holding an auxiliary line and a cap for the at least one cradle;
wherein each outer wall is a flange extending radially outward from one of the inner walls, extending circumferentially from the at least one cradle, and having a longitudinal thickness less than a corresponding longitudinal thickness of the inner walls;
wherein when the cradle is open, the auxiliary line can be placed in the cradle and wherein when the cradle is closed by the cap an embrace is formed for the auxiliary line;
wherein the cradle opens radially outwardly; and
wherein the cradle opens independently of the jaw portions.