<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/about/intramural-research/sickle-cell" />
<link rel="image_src" href="https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/themes/custom/nhlbi/images/NHLBI_Meta_Image.png" />
<meta name="referrer" content="no-referrer-when-downgrade" />
<meta property="og:site_name" content="NHLBI, NIH" />
<meta property="og:title" content="Sickle Cell Branch" />
<meta property="og:image" content="https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/themes/custom/nhlbi/images/NHLBI_Meta_Image.png" />
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@nih_nhlbi" />
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Sickle Cell Branch | NHLBI, NIH" />
<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/themes/custom/nhlbi/images/NHLBI_Meta_Image.png" />
<meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)" />
<meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" />
<meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<link rel="preconnect" href="//use.fontawesome.com" />
<link rel="preconnect" href="//fonts.googleapis.com" />
<link rel="preconnect" href="//themes.googleusercontent.com" />
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://static.addtoany.com" />
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.google-analytics.com" />
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://dap.digitalgov.gov" />
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://assets.adobedtm.com" />
<link rel="icon" href="/themes/custom/nhlbi/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" />
<link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/about/intramural-research/sickle-cell" />
<script>window.a2a_config=window.a2a_config||{};a2a_config.callbacks=[];a2a_config.overlays=[];a2a_config.templates={};a2a_config.onclick = 1;
a2a_config.num_services = 4;
a2a_config.prioritize = [ 'facebook', 'twitter', 'linkedin', 'copy_link', ];
</script>
<style>.a2apage_wide.a2a_wide{display:none;}
.a2a_menu.a2a_full{display:none !important;}
#a2a_overlay{display:none !important;}
.addtoany_share span{background-color: #0051a8 !important;}
.a2a_button_email span{background-color: #0051a8 !important;}
.a2a_button_print span{background-color: #0051a8 !important;}
.a2a_s_link {background-color: #0051a8 !important;}</style>

    <title>Sickle Cell Branch | NHLBI, NIH</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/themes/base/core.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/themes/base/controlgroup.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/themes/base/checkboxradio.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/themes/base/resizable.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/themes/base/button.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/themes/base/dialog.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/ajax-progress.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/align.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/autocomplete-loading.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/fieldgroup.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/container-inline.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/clearfix.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/details.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/hidden.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/item-list.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/js.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/nowrap.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/position-container.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/progress.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/reset-appearance.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/resize.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/sticky-header.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/system-status-counter.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/system-status-report-counters.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/system-status-report-general-info.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/tabledrag.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/tablesort.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/tree-child.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/modules/custom/nhlbi_ckeditor/css/nhlbi_ckeditor.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/modules/contrib/blazy/css/blazy.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/modules/contrib/blazy/css/components/blazy.loading.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/ckeditor5/css/ckeditor5.dialog.fix.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/views/css/views.module.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/themes/base/theme.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/modules/contrib/addtoany/css/addtoany.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/libraries/fontawesome/css/fontawesome.min.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/libraries/fontawesome/css/solid.min.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/libraries/fontawesome/css/regular.min.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/libraries/fontawesome/css/light.min.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/libraries/fontawesome/css/brands.min.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/libraries/fontawesome/css/thin.min.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/libraries/fontawesome/css/sharp-regular.min.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/libraries/fontawesome/css/sharp-light.min.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/libraries/fontawesome/css/sharp-solid.min.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/libraries/fontawesome/css/custom-icons.min.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/modules/custom/nih_extlink/nih_extlink.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/layout_discovery/layouts/onecol/onecol.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/layout_builder/layouts/threecol_section/threecol_section.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/modules/contrib/paragraphs/css/paragraphs.unpublished.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/contrib/classy/css/components/node.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/nhlbi/assets/uswds/dist/css/uswds.min.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/nhlbi/css/styles.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/nhlbi/css/components.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="/themes/custom/nhlbi/css/print.css?sb60d1" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/nhlbi/css/jquery-ui.min.css?sb60d1" />

    <script src="https://script.crazyegg.com/pages/scripts/0098/3175.js" async></script>
<script src="//assets.adobedtm.com/073614e3197b/44904e2aeeca/launch-f5509bc9803f.min.js" async></script>

    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="/themes/custom/nhlbi/images/icons/touch-icon-ipad.png">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="/themes/custom/nhlbi/images/icons/touch-icon-iphone-retina.png">
    <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/themes/custom/nhlbi/images/icons/touch-icon-ipad-retina.png">
    <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Merriweather:ital,wght@0,400;0,700;1,400;1,700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
    <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Open+Sans:ital,wght@0,400;0,600;0,700;1,400;1,600;1,700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">

    <script type="text/javascript">
      // Instructions: please embed this snippet directly into every page in your website template.
      // For optimal performance, this must be embedded directly into the template, not referenced
      // as an external file.

      // Verint Production Embed Script v2.01
      // DO NOT MODIFY BELOW THIS LINE *****************************************
      ;(function (g) {
        var d = document, am = d.createElement('script'), h = d.head || d.getElementsByTagName("head")[0], fsr = 'fsReady',
        aex = {
          "src": "//eex-gateway.fr011.ttecfed.com/sites/nhlbi-gov/production/gateway.min.js",
          "type": "text/javascript",
          "async": "true",
          "data-vendor": "fs",
          "data-role": "gateway"
        };
        for (var attr in aex) { am.setAttribute(attr, aex[attr]); } h.appendChild(am); g[fsr] || (g[fsr] = function () { var aT = '__' + fsr + '_stk__'; g[aT] = g[aT] || []; g[aT].push(arguments); });
      })(window);
      // DO NOT MODIFY ABOVE THIS LINE *****************************************

      // Un-comment out the function below when you are ready to input your variable
      fsReady(function() {
        const currentURL = window.location.href;
        FSR.CPPS.set("url", currentURL);
      });
    </script>
  </head>

  <body class="about-intramural-research-sickle-cell path-node node--type-branch">
    <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link">
        Skip to main content
    </a>

    
      <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas>
    <div class="layout-container">

  <header role="banner" id="header" class="header row">
      <div class="region region-header">
    <div id="block-uswdsbanner" class="block block-block-content block-block-content481480b7-71a2-4bd6-aebd-bab5f19db932">
  
    
      
            <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><section aria-label="Official government website" class="usa-banner"><div class="usa-accordion">
<div class="usa-banner__header">
<div class="usa-banner__inner">
<div class="grid-col-auto"><img alt="U.S. flag" class="usa-banner__header-flag b-lazy" height="auto" width="auto" data-src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/assets/uswds/dist/img/us_flag_small.png" src="/modules/custom/nhlbi_blazy/images/clear.png" /></div>

<div class="grid-col-fill tablet:grid-col-auto">
<p class="usa-banner__header-text">An official website of the United States government</p>

<p aria-hidden="true" class="usa-banner__header-action">Here’s how you know</p>
</div>
<button aria-controls="gov-banner-default-default" aria-expanded="false" class="usa-accordion__button usa-banner__button" type="button"><span class="usa-banner__button-text">Here’s how you know</span></button></div>
</div>

<div class="usa-banner__content usa-accordion__content" id="gov-banner-default-default">
<div class="grid-row grid-gap-lg">
<div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img b-lazy" role="img" height="auto" width="auto" data-src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/assets/uswds/dist/img/icon-dot-gov.svg" src="/modules/custom/nhlbi_blazy/images/clear.png" /><div class="usa-media-block__body">
<p><strong>Official websites use .gov</strong><br />
A <strong>.gov</strong> website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.</p>
</div>
</div>

<div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img b-lazy" role="img" height="auto" width="auto" data-src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/assets/uswds/dist/img/icon-https.svg" src="/modules/custom/nhlbi_blazy/images/clear.png" /><div class="usa-media-block__body">
<p><strong>Secure .gov websites use HTTPS</strong><br />
A <strong>lock</strong> ( <span class="icon-lock"><svg aria-labelledby="banner-lock-title-default banner-lock-description-default" class="usa-banner__lock-image" focusable="false" height="64" role="img" viewbox="0 0 52 64" width="52" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><title id="banner-lock-title-default"></title><desc id="banner-lock-description-default">A locked padlock</desc><path d="M26 0c10.493 0 19 8.507 19 19v9h3a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v28a4 4 0 0 1-4 4H4a4 4 0 0 1-4-4V32a4 4 0 0 1 4-4h3v-9C7 8.507 15.507 0 26 0zm0 8c-5.979 0-10.843 4.77-10.996 10.712L15 19v9h22v-9c0-6.075-4.925-11-11-11z" fill="#000000" fill-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span>) or <strong>https://</strong> means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section></div>
      
  </div>
<div id="block-sitebranding-2" class="block block-system block-system-branding-block">
  
    
  	<script type="text/javascript">
		function toggleMainNavigationMenu(){
			jQuery('#main-menu-header-no-desktop ul.menu').toggle();
		};
	</script>

	
	<div id="block-mainnavigation" class="block block-system block-system-menu-blockmain">
      

<div id="main-menu-container">
	<div class="responsive-container responsive-container-constrained">
		<div id="main-menu-header">
			<div id="main-site-top">
				<div id="main-site-logo">
					<a aria-label="home" href="/">
						<img class="b-lazy" data-src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/images/NHLBI-logo-75-year.svg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" alt="National Heart, Lung, and Blood Home"/>
					</a>
				</div>
				<div id="header-searchbox" class="last">


					<div class="global-search-bar" id="global-search-bar-tablet-desktop">
						<form action="/site-search" method="GET">
							<label for="searchQueryText_tablet_desktop" class="visually-hidden">
								<span>
									Search Query:
								</span>
							</label>
							<input id="searchQueryText_tablet_desktop" type="text" name="searchtext" placeholder="Search the NHLBI" autocomplete="off">
							<input type="submit" class="submit-button" aria-label="Global Search Desktop" label="Global Search Button">
						</form>
					</div>
				</div>
			</div>
			<div id="main-navbar">
				<div id="publication-shopping-cart"></div>
				<div id="searchBoxIconInner" tabindex="0" role="search"></div>
				<div class="hamburger-nav-icon-box">
					<div id="hamburger-nav-icon"></div>
				</div>
														<ul class="menu-level-0" role="menu" aria-label="main menu">
						<div class="active menu-item-link-main menu-item-link menu-item--active-trail expand-vertical hidden">
							<span class="level-0-link" id="main-menu-item-main-button" tabindex="0">
								<a>
									MAIN MENU
								</a>
							</span>
						</div>

																				
              <li  class="menu-item-link expand-horizontal fa-light fa-user-doctor menu-style-2-level"   class="menu-item-link expand-horizontal fa-light fa-user-doctor menu-style-2-level" id="main-menu-item-health-topics"   role="menuitem">
                <span class="level-0-link"  class="menu-item-link expand-horizontal fa-light fa-user-doctor menu-style-2-level" id="main-menu-item-health-topics-inner" tabindex="0" role="button">
                  Health Topics
                </span>
								<div class="main-menu-children-wrapper" tab>
									<div class="level1-menu-wrapper hidden expand-horizontal fa-light fa-user-doctor menu-style-2-level" id="main-menu-item-health-topics_children">
																				
												
		

		<ul class="menu-level-1">

															<li class="highlighted"  >
											<a href="/health" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/93751">All Health Topics A-Z</a>
					
													
		

		<ul class="menu-level-2">

															<li  >
											<a href="/health/asthma" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/92783">Asthma</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/health/heart-healthy-living" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/93169">Heart-Healthy Living</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/health/high-blood-pressure" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/93173">High Blood Pressure</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/health/sickle-cell-disease" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/92844">Sickle Cell Disease</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/health/sleep-apnea" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/93139">Sleep Apnea</a>
					
									</li>


				

					</ul>
	
									</li>


				

															<li class="highlighted"  >
											<a href="/covid" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/89977">Information & Resources on COVID-19</a>
					
									</li>


				

					</ul>
	
									</div>
								</div>
							</li>
																				
              <li  class="menu-item-link expand-vertical fa-light fa-book menu-style-2-level"   class="menu-item-link expand-vertical fa-light fa-book menu-style-2-level" id="main-menu-item-resources"   role="menuitem">
                <span class="level-0-link"  class="menu-item-link expand-vertical fa-light fa-book menu-style-2-level" id="main-menu-item-resources-inner" tabindex="0" role="button">
                  Health Education
                </span>
								<div class="main-menu-children-wrapper" tab>
									<div class="level1-menu-wrapper hidden expand-vertical fa-light fa-book menu-style-2-level" id="main-menu-item-resources_children">
																				
												
		

		<ul class="menu-level-1">

															<li class="highlighted"  >
											<a href="/education" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80460">Education Programs and Initiatives</a>
					
													
		

		<ul class="menu-level-2">

															<li  >
											<a href="/health-topics/education-and-awareness/heart-truth" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/86712">The Heart Truth®</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/BreatheBetter" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/87500">Learn More Breathe Better®</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/education/blood" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/91892">Blood Diseases and Disorders Education Program</a>
					
									</li>


				

					</ul>
	
									</li>


				

															<li class="highlighted"  >
											<a href="/resources?f%5B0%5D=language%3AEnglish" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-query="{"f":["language:English"]}" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/127707">Publications and Resources</a>
					
									</li>


				

					</ul>
	
									</div>
								</div>
							</li>
																				
              <li  class="menu-item-link expand-vertical fa-light fa-vial menu-style-split menu-style-final-link menu-style-1-level-heading"   class="menu-item-link expand-vertical fa-light fa-vial menu-style-split menu-style-final-link menu-style-1-level-heading" id="main-menu-item-the-science"   role="menuitem">
                <span class="level-0-link"  class="menu-item-link expand-vertical fa-light fa-vial menu-style-split menu-style-final-link menu-style-1-level-heading" id="main-menu-item-the-science-inner" tabindex="0" role="button">
                  The Science
                </span>
								<div class="main-menu-children-wrapper" tab>
									<div class="level1-menu-wrapper hidden expand-vertical fa-light fa-vial menu-style-split menu-style-final-link menu-style-1-level-heading" id="main-menu-item-the-science_children">
																				
												
		

		<ul class="menu-level-1">

															<li class="highlighted"  >
											<a href="/science" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80002">Research Focus Areas</a>
					
													
		

		<ul class="menu-level-2">

															<li  >
											<a href="/science/blood-disorders-and-blood-safety" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80037">Blood Disorders and Blood Safety</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/science/sleep-science-and-sleep-disorders" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80038">Sleep Science and Sleep Disorders</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/science/lung-diseases" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80039">Lung Diseases</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/science/health-disparities-and-inequities" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80046">Health Disparities and Inequities</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/science/heart-and-vascular-diseases" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80040">Heart and Vascular Diseases</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/science/precision-medicine-activities" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80042">Precision Medicine Activities</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/science/obesity-nutrition-and-physical-activity" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80041">Obesity, Nutrition, and Physical Activity</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/science/population-and-epidemiology-studies" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80043">Population and Epidemiology Studies</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/science/womens-health" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80044">Women’s Health</a>
					
									</li>


				

					</ul>
	
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/research/research-topics" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/129758">Research Topics</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/research/clinical-trials" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/93754">Clinical Trials</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li class="highlighted highlighted-button"  >
											<a href="/science/all-science" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/83134">All Science A-Z</a>
					
									</li>


				

					</ul>
	
									</div>
								</div>
							</li>
																				
              <li  class="menu-item-link expand-horizontal fa-light fa-square-list menu-style-1-level"   class="menu-item-link expand-horizontal fa-light fa-square-list menu-style-1-level" id="main-menu-item-grants-and-training"   role="menuitem">
                <span class="level-0-link"  class="menu-item-link expand-horizontal fa-light fa-square-list menu-style-1-level" id="main-menu-item-grants-and-training-inner" tabindex="0" role="button">
                  Grants and Training
                </span>
								<div class="main-menu-children-wrapper" tab>
									<div class="level1-menu-wrapper hidden expand-horizontal fa-light fa-square-list menu-style-1-level" id="main-menu-item-grants-and-training_children">
																				
												
		

		<ul class="menu-level-1">

															<li  >
											<a href="/grants-and-training" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80073">Grants and Training Home</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/grants-and-training/policies-procedures-and-guidelines" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80570">Policies and Guidelines</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/grants-and-training/funding-opportunities-and-contacts" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80466">Funding Opportunities and Contacts</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/grants-and-training/training-and-career-development" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80462">Training and Career Development</a>
					
									</li>


				

					</ul>
	
									</div>
								</div>
							</li>
																				
              <li  class="menu-item-link expand-horizontal fa-light fa-newspaper menu-style-2-level"   class="menu-item-link expand-horizontal fa-light fa-newspaper menu-style-2-level" id="main-menu-item-news-and-items"   role="menuitem">
                <span class="level-0-link"  class="menu-item-link expand-horizontal fa-light fa-newspaper menu-style-2-level" id="main-menu-item-news-and-items-inner" tabindex="0" role="button">
                  News and Events
                </span>
								<div class="main-menu-children-wrapper" tab>
									<div class="level1-menu-wrapper hidden expand-horizontal fa-light fa-newspaper menu-style-2-level" id="main-menu-item-news-and-items_children">
																				
												
		

		<ul class="menu-level-1">

															<li class="highlighted"  >
											<a href="/news-and-events" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80001">News and Events Home</a>
					
													
		

		<ul class="menu-level-2">

															<li  >
											<a href="/news-and-events/email-alerts" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80442">Email Alerts</a>
					
									</li>


				

					</ul>
	
									</li>


				

															<li class="highlighted"  >
											<a href="/news" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/83132">All News</a>
					
													
		

		<ul class="menu-level-2">

															<li  >
											<a href="/news?news_type=press_release" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-query="{"news_type":"press_release"}" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/83132"> NHLBI News</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/news?news_type=news_mention" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-query="{"news_type":"news_mention"}" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/83132">NHLBI in the Press</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/news?news_type=feature_article" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-query="{"news_type":"feature_article"}" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/83132">Research Features</a>
					
									</li>


				

					</ul>
	
									</li>


				

															<li class="highlighted"  >
											<a href="/events" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/83133">All Events</a>
					
													
		

		<ul class="menu-level-2">

															<li  >
											<a href="/events?field_event_date_custom=Past%20Only" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-query="{"field_event_date_custom":"Past Only"}" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/83133">Past Events</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/events?field_event_date_custom=Upcoming%20Only" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-query="{"field_event_date_custom":"Upcoming Only"}" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/83133">Upcoming Events </a>
					
									</li>


				

					</ul>
	
									</li>


				

					</ul>
	
									</div>
								</div>
							</li>
																				
              <li  class="menu-item-link menu-item--active-trail expand-vertical fa-light fa-circle-info menu-style-split menu-style-1-level-heading menu-style-1-level menu-style-align-right"   class="menu-item-link menu-item--active-trail expand-vertical fa-light fa-circle-info menu-style-split menu-style-1-level-heading menu-style-1-level menu-style-align-right" id="main-menu-item-about-nhlbi"   role="menuitem">
                <span class="level-0-link"  class="menu-item-link menu-item--active-trail expand-vertical fa-light fa-circle-info menu-style-split menu-style-1-level-heading menu-style-1-level menu-style-align-right" id="main-menu-item-about-nhlbi-inner" tabindex="0" role="button">
                  About NHLBI
                </span>
								<div class="main-menu-children-wrapper" tab>
									<div class="level1-menu-wrapper hidden expand-vertical fa-light fa-circle-info menu-style-split menu-style-1-level-heading menu-style-1-level menu-style-align-right" id="main-menu-item-about-nhlbi_children">
																				
												
		

		<ul class="menu-level-1">

															<li class="highlighted"  >
											<a href="/about" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80068">About NHLBI Home</a>
					
													
		

		<ul class="menu-level-2">

															<li  >
											<a href="/about/strategic-vision" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80111">Mission and Strategic Vision</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/about/leadership" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80312">Leadership</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/about/divisions" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/86122">Divisions, Offices and Centers</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/about/advisory-and-peer-review-committees" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80100">Advisory Committees</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/about/budget-and-legislative-information" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/90263">Budget and Legislative Information</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/about/working-at-nhlbi" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80445">Jobs and Working at the NHLBI</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/contact" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/93979">Contact and FAQs</a>
					
									</li>


				

															<li  >
											<a href="/sleep-research-plan" role="menuitem" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/92164">NIH Sleep Research Plan</a>
					
									</li>


				

					</ul>
	
									</li>


				

					</ul>
	
									</div>
								</div>
							</li>
						
						<li class="active menu-item-link-home menu-item-link menu-item--active-trail expand-vertical" role="menuitem">
							<div class="level-0-link-home" id="main-menu-item-home-button" tabindex="0">
								<a href="/">
									HOME
								</a>
							</div>
						</li>
					</ul>
							</div>
		</div>
		<div id="global-search-bar-phone">
			<div class="global-search-bar">
				<form action="/site-search" method="GET">
					<label for="searchQueryText_phone">
						<span class="visually-hidden">
							Search Text:
						</span>
					</label>
					<input id="searchQueryText_phone" type="text" name="searchtext" placeholder="Search the NHLBI" autocomplete="off">
					<input type="submit" class="submit-button" aria-label="Global Search Mobile" label="Global Search Button">
				</form>
			</div>
		</div>
	</div>
</div>



  </div>

	<div id="main-menu-blur-shadow">
	</div>

	<div id="main-menu-blur-shadow-tablet-mobile">
	</div>

	<div id="search-bar-blur-shadow">
	</div>

</div>

  </div>

  </header>

  
  

  

  

  

  <main role="main" id="main" class="row">
    <div id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></div>    
    <div class="flexible two-sidebars">   
 
    <div id="cart-container-wrapper-lightbox"></div>
    <div class="layout-content">
        <div class="region region-content">
    <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div>



    

    <div class="responsive-container responsive-container-constrained breadcrumbs-container"><div class="breadcrumbs"><ul> <li class='breadcrumb-home'><a href='/'>Home</a></li><li class='breacrumb-break'>/</li><li class='breadcrumb-grandparent'><a href='/node/80068'>About the NHLBI</a></li><li class='breacrumb-break'>/</li><li class='breadcrumb-grandparent'><a href='/node/86122'>Divisions, Offices and Centers</a></li><li class='breacrumb-break'>/</li><li class='breadcrumb-parent'><a href='/node/80034'><span class='back-to'> < Back To </span>Division of Intramural Research</a></li><li class='breacrumb-break'>/</li><li class='breadcrumb-current'>Sickle Cell Branch</li></ul></div></div>

<article  class="node node--type-branch node--view-mode-full"
        data-title="Sickle Cell Branch"
        data-type="branch"
        data-format=""
        data-audience=""
        data-campaign=""
>
    <div class="standard">
                              <div class="field field--name-field-top-texture-banner field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">
                                            <div class="pageBanner">
            <div class="banner-new-red"></div>
          </div>
              </div>
    
                
                    <div class="secondary-grey-background">
            <div class="responsive-container responsive-container-constrained">
                <div class="content-container-constrained content-container-margin">
                    
                    <h1>
                        
<span>Sickle Cell Branch</span>

                    </h1>
                    
                                                                                            <div class="branch-leadership-container">
                                                                    <div class="leadership-director-container">
                                        
            <div class="field field--name-field-branch-chief field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item">

<article class="node node--type-nhlbi-person node--view-mode-list-item">
            <div class="	leadership-bioCard
">
            	            <div class="flexItemText">
                		<h2>
		
            <div class="field field--name-field-name field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Swee Lay Thein, M.B., B.S., F.R.C.P., F.R.C.Path., D.Sc.</div>
      
	</h2>
				<h3 class="no-text-transform">
			
            <div class="field field--name-field-employment-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Senior Investigator and Chief</div>
      
		</h3>
				
            <div class="field field--name-field-email field--type-email field--label-hidden field__item"><a href="mailto:sweelay.thein@nih.gov" rel="noreferrer">sweelay.thein@nih.gov</a></div>
      
			            </div>
        </div>
    </article></div>
      
                                    </div>
                                                                                            </div>
                                                            </div>
            </div>
        </div>
                        <div class="responsive-container responsive-container-constrained">
            <div class="content-container-constrained content-container-margin">
                
            <div class="field field--name-field-expanding-content field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="readMoreContainer paragraph paragraph--type--intro-text paragraph--view-mode--default">
                        <div class="bodytext">
                
            <div class="field field--name-field-introduction field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The Sickle Cell Branch conducts research to understand sickle cell disease and identify markers of disease severity. Specific projects aim to better predict long-term outcomes and to develop therapies through genetics and genomics. Researchers in this Branch also study how genes influence disease symptoms such as pain and vascular complications; and new approaches for better outcome in bone marrow transplant and gene therapy. The Branch is a leader in the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) sickle cell program, which fosters government-wide collaboration to rapidly move basic discoveries to treatments for patients. This basic research helps fuel scientific discovery that may one day help advance research related to heart, lung, blood, and sleep conditions or other fields.</p></div>
      
            </div>
                            </div>
</div>
      
            </div>
        </div>
            

                        <div class="responsive-container responsive-container-constrained">
                <div class="content-container-constrained content-container-margin">
                    <h2 id="programs">
            <div class="field field--name-field-programs-title field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Our Labs</div>
      </h2>
                    
<div class="field field--name-field-programs field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items">
                                                                                            
        <div class="field__item list-item-page-1">    <h3>
               <a href="/node/80382">
            <div class="field field--name-field-card-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Sickle Cell Genetics and Pathophysiology</div>
      </a>
        </h3>
    <div class="bodytext">
        
            <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Research in the Laboratory of Sickle Cell Genetics and Pathophysiology, led by Dr. Swee Lay Thein, examines the genetic factors underlying the phenotypic variability of sickle cell disease and beta thalassemia disorders. Both conditions are caused by mutations affecting the beta globin gene. A crucial difference between these conditions is that beta thalassemia results from a reduced number of red blood cells, while sickle cell disease results from abnormal sickle hemoglobin, or HbS, that makes red blood cells rigid and sickle-shaped, causing acute intermittent pain due to blockages of blood vessels and interruption of oxygen supply to vital organs. The rigid red blood cells are also very fragile and easily destroyed, causing a life-long anemia.</p></div>
      
    </div>
        
            <div class="field field--name-field-contact field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--contact-information paragraph--view-mode--default">
    Contact:
    <ul class="inline-list">
                    <li>Swee Lay Thein</li>
                            <li>M.B., B.S., F.R.C.P., F.R.C.Path., D.Sc.</li>
                            <li>Senior Investigator</li>
                            <li>
            <div class="field field--name-field-email field--type-email field--label-hidden field__item"><a href="mailto:sweelay.thein@nih.gov" rel="noreferrer">sweelay.thein@nih.gov</a></div>
      </li>
                            </ul>
</div></div>
      
</div>
                                                                                                
        <div class="field__item list-item-page-1">    <h3>
               <a href="/science/sickle-thrombosis-and-vascular-biology">
            <div class="field field--name-field-card-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Sickle Thrombosis and Vascular Biology </div>
      </a>
        </h3>
    <div class="bodytext">
        
            <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span><span><span><span>The Laboratory of Sickle Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, led by Dr. Arun Shet, studies the contribution of inflammation and coagulation to the vascular pathobiology of sickle cell disease. Using trans-disciplinary approaches that involve epidemiology, translational medicine, and novel drug therapeutics, Dr. Shet and his team study how the pro inflammatory milieu of sickle cell disease regulates coagulation proteins and promotes thrombotic vasculopathy. The group also conducts clinical trials to evaluate novel agents that reduce thrombosis risk in sickle cell disease.</span></span></span></span></p></div>
      
    </div>
        
            <div class="field field--name-field-contact field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--contact-information paragraph--view-mode--default">
    Contact:
    <ul class="inline-list">
                    <li>Arun Shet</li>
                            <li>MD, PhD</li>
                            <li>Assistant Clinical Investigator</li>
                            <li>
            <div class="field field--name-field-email field--type-email field--label-hidden field__item"><a href="mailto:arun.shet@nih.gov" rel="noreferrer">arun.shet@nih.gov</a></div>
      </li>
                            </ul>
</div></div>
      
</div>
            </div>

                </div>
            </div>
                            

                            </div>
</article>
  </div>

    </div>
    
        </div>
  </main>

      <footer role="contentinfo">
        <div class="region region-footer">
    <div id="block-footerblock" class="block block-block-content block-block-contente34e68d7-0b62-4cbe-ada1-9e43b89bc1ac">
  
    
        <div class="responsive-container responsive-container-constrained layout layout--onecol">
    <div  class="layout__region layout__region--content">
      


<nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="back-to-top-link-menu"  class="block block-menu navigation menu--back-to-top-link">

        
  
  <div  class="visually-hidden" id="back-to-top-link-menu" class="h2">
    Back To Top Link
  </div>
  

        

        <div  class="menu">
                      <div class="menu-item"
                           class="menu-item" style="height:1em;"
              >
                    <a href="#main-content" class="back-to-top-link">Back to top</a>
                      </div>
        </div>
  

  </nav>

    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="layout layout--threecol-section layout--threecol-section--33-34-33 footer-top responsive-container responsive-container-constrained">

          <div  class="layout__region layout__region--first">
        


<nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="web-policies-notices-menu"  class="block block-menu navigation menu--web-policies-notices">

  
  
  <div  id="web-policies-notices-menu" class="h2">
    Web Policies & Notices
  </div>
  

        

              <ul class="menu">
                          <li class="menu-item"
                      >
        <a href="/about/contact/website-privacy-and-accessibility" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/94303">Accessibility</a>
              </li>
                      <li class="menu-item"
                      >
        <a href="https://www.edi.nih.gov/no-fear-act" rel="noreferrer"> No FEAR Act Data</a>
              </li>
                      <li class="menu-item"
                      >
        <a href="/about/contact/website-privacy-and-accessibility/privacy-statement" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/122847">Privacy Policy</a>
              </li>
                      <li class="menu-item"
                      >
        <a href="/about/contact/website-privacy-and-accessibility" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/94303">Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)</a>
              </li>
                      <li class="menu-item"
                      >
        <a href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html" rel="noreferrer">HHS Vulnerability Disclosure</a>
              </li>
        </ul>
  

  </nav>

      </div>
    
          <div  class="layout__region layout__region--second">
        


<nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="related-government-websites-menu"  class="block block-menu navigation menu--related-government-websites">

  
  
  <div  id="related-government-websites-menu" class="h2">
    Related Government Websites
  </div>
  

        

              <ul class="menu">
                          <li class="menu-item"
                      >
        <a href="https://www.hhs.gov/" rel="noreferrer">Health and Human Services</a>
              </li>
                      <li class="menu-item"
                      >
        <a href="https://www.nih.gov/" rel="noreferrer">National Institutes of Health</a>
              </li>
                      <li class="menu-item"
                      >
        <a href="https://oig.hhs.gov/" rel="noreferrer">Office of the Inspector General</a>
              </li>
                      <li class="menu-item"
                      >
        <a href="https://www.usa.gov/" rel="noreferrer">USA.gov</a>
              </li>
        </ul>
  

  </nav>

      </div>
    
          <div  class="layout__region layout__region--third">
        <div class="block block-block-content block-block-content9c447866-1f95-4857-a5d6-00015338372f">
  
      <div  class="h2">
      Stay Connected
    </div>
    
      
            <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ul class="ft-stay-connected"><li class="live-chat-link"><p><img class="b-lazy b-loaded is-b-loaded b-lazy" alt="chat bubbles" height="30" loading="lazy" width="auto" data-src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/images/messages-question-regular.svg" src="/modules/custom/nhlbi_blazy/images/clear.png" /><a class="ext" href="#" onclick="window.open('https://nhlbichat.iqsolutions.com/chatbeacon/NIH/1/survey/survey?accountId=1&siteId=1&queueId=1&theme=blue&popout=true&sessionId=602860bd-6613-4f2f-a3b6-bf1cf9f4d39f&visitorId=9ca462e3-5378-4b69-90b9-b38ce5259877&ispopout=true&pc=true','Live Chat','width=435,height=700'); return false;" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Live Chat</a><span class="ext-icon" tabindex="0">  </span></p><p>Live Chat with us, Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. EST.</p></li><li class="emails-alert-link"><p><img class="b-lazy b-loaded is-b-loaded b-lazy" alt="envelope" height="30" loading="lazy" width="auto" data-src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/images/envelope-open-text-solid.svg" src="/modules/custom/nhlbi_blazy/images/clear.png" />Get Email Alerts</p><p>Receive automatic alerts about NHLBI related news and highlights from across the Institute.</p></li></ul></div>
      
  </div>

      </div>
    
  </div>
  <div class="layout-section-background-dark-blue layout layout--onecol">
    <div  class="layout__region layout__region--content">
      


<nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="footer-bottom-menu"  class="block block-menu navigation menu--footer-bottom">

        
  
  <div  class="visually-hidden" id="footer-bottom-menu" class="h2">
    Footer Bottom
  </div>
  

        



<div id="footer-bottom-container" class="responsive-container responsive-container-constrained">
        <div class="footer-bottom-logo">
            <a aria-label="home" href="/">
                <img class="b-lazy" data-src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/images/NHLBI_HHS_Lockup_white.svg" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" alt="National Heart, Lung, and Blood Home"/>
            </a>
        </div>
        <div class="footer-bottom-links">
                            <ul>
                            <li>
                    <a href="/contact" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/93979"> Contact Us</a>
                                    </li>
                            <li>
                    <a href="/siteindex" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/83138">Site Index</a>
                                    </li>
                            <li>
                    <a href="/about/working-at-nhlbi" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/80445">Jobs</a>
                                    </li>
                    </ul>
    
        </div>
        <div class="footer-bottom-social">
            <ul id="footer-social">
                <li><a id="facebooklink" href="https://www.facebook.com/NHLBI/"><img src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/images/ico-facebook-white.svg" alt="Facebook social media"></a></li>
                <li><a id="twitterlink" href="https://twitter.com/nih_nhlbi?lang=en"><img src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/images/x-twitter-logo.svg" alt="X social media"></a></li>
                <li><a id="youtubelink" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/NHLBI"><img src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/images/ico-youtube-white.svg" alt="Youtube social media"></a></li>
                <li><a id="linkedinlink" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/national-heart-lung-and-blood-institute"><img src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/images/linkedin-brands.svg" alt="LinkedIn social media"></a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
</div>

  </nav>

    </div>
  </div>

  </div>

  </div>

    </footer>
  
</div>
  </div>

    

    
    <form  id="publication-checkout" action="https://catalog.nhlbi.nih.gov/checkout" method="post">
      <input type="hidden" name="orderId" value="">
      <input type="hidden" name="payload" value="">
      <input type="submit" value="Checkout">
    </form>

    <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","scriptPath":null,"pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/80019","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"embedButtons":{"media_embed":{"id":"media_embed","icon":"\/modules\/contrib\/entity_embed\/js\/plugins\/drupalentity\/entity.png"},"node":{"id":"node","icon":"\/modules\/contrib\/entity_embed\/js\/plugins\/drupalentity\/entity.png"}},"modulePath":"modules\/contrib\/entity_embed","ajaxPageState":{"libraries":"addtoany\/addtoany.front,blazy\/bio.ajax,classy\/node,core\/drupal.dialog,crazyegg\/crazyegg,fontawesome\/fontawesome.webfonts.brands,fontawesome\/fontawesome.webfonts.custom,fontawesome\/fontawesome.webfonts.light,fontawesome\/fontawesome.webfonts.regular,fontawesome\/fontawesome.webfonts.sharplight,fontawesome\/fontawesome.webfonts.sharpregular,fontawesome\/fontawesome.webfonts.sharpsolid,fontawesome\/fontawesome.webfonts.solid,fontawesome\/fontawesome.webfonts.thin,layout_builder\/threecol_section,layout_discovery\/onecol,nhlbi\/adobe_launch,nhlbi\/global-styling,nhlbi\/standard-accordion-readmore-print,nhlbi\/uswds,nhlbi_ckeditor\/nhlbi_entity_embed,nih_extlink\/drupal.nih_extlink,paragraphs\/drupal.paragraphs.unpublished,system\/base,views\/views.ajax,views\/views.module,views_ajax_history\/history","theme":"nhlbi","theme_token":null},"ajaxTrustedUrl":[],"data":{"nih_extlink":{"extTarget":true,"extClass":"ext","extLabel":"","extImgClass":false,"extSubdomains":false,"extExclude":".*.nih.gov","extInclude":"","extCssExclude":"","extCssExplicit":"","extIconAlert":true,"extIconAlertTitle":"External Web Site Policy","extIconAlertText":"\u003Cp\u003EThis graphic notice (\u003Cimg alt=\u0022External Web Site Policy\u0022 height=\u002210\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/files\/images\/external-link.png\u0022 title=\u0022External Web Site Policy\u0022 width=\u002210\u0022 \/\u003E) means that you are leaving the NIH website.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis external link provides additional information that is consistent with the intended purpose of this site.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENIH cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal site.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELinking to a non-federal site does not constitute an endorsement by NIH or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the site.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EYou will be subject to the destination site\u2019s privacy policy when you follow the link.\u003C\/p\u003E\r\n","extAlert":true,"extAlertText":"","mailtoClass":"0","mailtoLabel":""}},"viewsAjaxHistory":{"renderPageItem":0,"initialExposedInput":{"views_dom_id:fbf6db29f6129871167c86183814bae87da55e0ea7716fc327068b316c5b11b0":null}},"views":{"ajax_path":"\/views\/ajax","ajaxViews":{"views_dom_id:fbf6db29f6129871167c86183814bae87da55e0ea7716fc327068b316c5b11b0":{"view_name":"nhlbi_news_science","view_display_id":"block_12","view_args":"80019","view_path":"\/node\/80019","view_base_path":null,"view_dom_id":"fbf6db29f6129871167c86183814bae87da55e0ea7716fc327068b316c5b11b0","pager_element":0}}},"hearts":{"heartsJS":{"markers":[{"lat_value":"43.0389025","lon_value":"-87.9064736","count_value":"12","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Milwaukee, WI","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"38.0293059","lon_value":"-78.4766781","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Charlottesville, VA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"38.2526647","lon_value":"-85.7584557","count_value":"8","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Louisville, KY","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"31.549333","lon_value":"-97.1466695","count_value":"7","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Waco-Temple-Bryan, TX","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"32.4487364","lon_value":"-99.7331439","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Abilene-Sweetwater, TX","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"41.6763545","lon_value":"-86.2519898","count_value":"6","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"South Bend-Elkhart, IN","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"36.1539816","lon_value":"-95.992775","count_value":"121","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Tulsa, OK","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"46.7866719","lon_value":"-92.1004852","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Duluth, MN-Superior, WI","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"34.4208305","lon_value":"-119.6981901","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-San Luis Obispo, CA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"42.9633599","lon_value":"-85.6680863","count_value":"9","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Grand Rapids-Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"36.1626638","lon_value":"-86.7816016","count_value":"45","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Nashville, TN","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"36.7377981","lon_value":"-119.7871247","count_value":"19","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Fresno-Visalia, CA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"32.298603057861","lon_value":"-90.185050964355","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":"9vxzezc3","name_value":false,"type_value":"event"},{"lat_value":"30.3321838","lon_value":"-81.655651","count_value":"29","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Jacksonville, FL","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"30.4514677","lon_value":"-91.1871466","count_value":"17","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Baton Rouge, LA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"44.0581728","lon_value":"-121.3153096","count_value":"3","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Bend, OR","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"39.4667034","lon_value":"-87.4139092","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Terre Haute, IN","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"35.0456297","lon_value":"-85.3096801","count_value":"4","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Chattanooga, TN","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"40.357246398926","lon_value":"-74.667549133301","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":"dr4vsfuf","name_value":false,"type_value":"event"},{"lat_value":"41.8239891","lon_value":"-71.4128343","count_value":"6","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Providence, RI-New Bedford, MA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"39.2806451","lon_value":"-80.3445341","count_value":"3","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Clarksburg-Weston, WV","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"46.5891452","lon_value":"-112.0391057","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Helena, MT","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"41.9778795","lon_value":"-91.6656232","count_value":"5","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Cedar Rapids-Waterloo-Iowa City \u0026 Dubuque, IA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"40.1164204","lon_value":"-88.2433829","count_value":"16","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Champaign \u0026 Springfield-Decatur, IL","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"32.7764749","lon_value":"-79.9310512","count_value":"5","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Charleston, SC","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"35.0843859","lon_value":"-106.650422","count_value":"9","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Albuquerque-Santa Fe, NM","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"41.2459149","lon_value":"-75.8813075","count_value":"21","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Wilkes Barre-Scranton, PA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"29.7604267","lon_value":"-95.3698028","count_value":"42","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Houston, TX","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"37.9715592","lon_value":"-87.5710898","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Evansville, IN","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"38.984642028809","lon_value":"-77.094841003418","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":"dqcjv8vq","name_value":false,"type_value":"event"},{"lat_value":"39.0473451","lon_value":"-95.6751576","count_value":"10","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Topeka, KS","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"33.4734978","lon_value":"-82.0105148","count_value":"5","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Augusta, GA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"44.4758825","lon_value":"-73.212072","count_value":"7","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Burlington, VT-Plattsburgh, NY","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"32.4609764","lon_value":"-84.9877094","count_value":"18","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Columbus, GA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"40.2731911","lon_value":"-76.8867008","count_value":"5","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Harrisburg-Lancaster-Lebanon-York, PA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"30.6953657","lon_value":"-88.0398912","count_value":"6","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Mobile, AL-Pensacola (Ft. Walton Beach), FL","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"43.0125274","lon_value":"-83.6874562","count_value":"4","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Flint-Saginaw-Bay City, MI","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"46.0038232","lon_value":"-112.5347775","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Butte-Bozeman, MT","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"37.2089572","lon_value":"-93.2922989","count_value":"4","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Springfield, MO","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"34.0007104","lon_value":"-81.0348144","count_value":"12","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Columbia, SC","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"47.5052849","lon_value":"-111.3007715","count_value":"12","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Great Falls, MT","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"45.232429504395","lon_value":"-88.007698059082","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":"f013m66f","name_value":false,"type_value":"event"},{"lat_value":"30.2240897","lon_value":"-92.0198427","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Lafayette, LA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"33.6356618","lon_value":"-96.6088805","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Sherman, TX-Ada, OK","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"29.6516344","lon_value":"-82.3248262","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Gainesville, FL","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"48.2329668","lon_value":"-101.2922906","count_value":"4","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Minot-Bismarck-Dickinson(Williston), ND","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"29.4241219","lon_value":"-98.4936282","count_value":"20","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"San Antonio, TX","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"44.7630567","lon_value":"-85.6206317","count_value":"7","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Traverse City-Cadillac, MI","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"33.7489954","lon_value":"-84.3879824","count_value":"82","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Atlanta, GA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"40.712757110596","lon_value":"-74.006309509277","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":"dr5regw3","name_value":false,"type_value":"event"},{"lat_value":"41.0997803","lon_value":"-80.6495194","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Youngstown, OH","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"40.4406248","lon_value":"-79.9958864","count_value":"17","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Pittsburgh, PA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"38.907051086426","lon_value":"-77.037162780762","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":"dqcjqfz6","name_value":false,"type_value":"event"},{"lat_value":"43.0481221","lon_value":"-76.1474244","count_value":"10","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Syracuse, NY","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"40.813616","lon_value":"-96.7025955","count_value":"9","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Lincoln \u0026 Hastings-Kearney, NE","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"26.1906306","lon_value":"-97.6961026","count_value":"3","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Harlingen-Weslaco-Brownsville-McAllen, TX","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"39.0997265","lon_value":"-94.5785667","count_value":"57","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Kansas City, MO","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"61.2180556","lon_value":"-149.9002778","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Anchorage, AK","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"35.3859242","lon_value":"-94.3985475","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Ft. Smith-Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"27.5035613","lon_value":"-99.5075519","count_value":"20","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Laredo, TX","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"47.6062095","lon_value":"-122.3320708","count_value":"58","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Seattle-Tacoma, WA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"38.0405837","lon_value":"-84.5037164","count_value":"40","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Lexington, KY","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"41.877994537354","lon_value":"-87.630043029785","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":"dp3wjztv","name_value":false,"type_value":"event"},{"lat_value":"46.8721284","lon_value":"-113.9940314","count_value":"7","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Missoula, MT","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"29.9510658","lon_value":"-90.0715323","count_value":"16","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"New Orleans, LA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"40.3267407","lon_value":"-78.9219698","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Johnstown-Altoona, PA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"36.3134397","lon_value":"-82.3534727","count_value":"3","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Tri-Cities, TN-VA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"37.5407246","lon_value":"-77.4360481","count_value":"45","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Richmond-Petersburg, VA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"32.3792233","lon_value":"-86.3077368","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Montgomery-Selma, AL","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"29.423961639404","lon_value":"-98.493804931641","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":"9v1zqsrp","name_value":false,"type_value":"event"},{"lat_value":"37.0842271","lon_value":"-94.513281","count_value":"3","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Joplin, MO-Pittsburg, KS","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"31.8456816","lon_value":"-102.3676431","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Odessa-Midland, TX","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"21.3069444","lon_value":"-157.8583333","count_value":"13","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Honolulu, HI","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"42.2711311","lon_value":"-89.0939952","count_value":"5","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Rockford, IL","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"36.8507689","lon_value":"-76.2858726","count_value":"5","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Norfolk-Portsmouth-Newport News, VA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"36.6002378","lon_value":"-121.8946761","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Monterey-Salinas, CA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"34.7303688","lon_value":"-86.5861037","count_value":"16","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Huntsville-Decatur (Florence), AL","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"28.8052674","lon_value":"-97.0035982","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Victoria, TX","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"47.6587802","lon_value":"-117.4260465","count_value":"9","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Spokane, WA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"43.0730517","lon_value":"-89.4012302","count_value":"11","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Madison, WI","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"35.6145169","lon_value":"-88.8139469","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Jackson, TN","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"31.3112936","lon_value":"-92.4451371","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Alexandria, LA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"41.49932","lon_value":"-81.6943605","count_value":"28","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Cleveland-Akron (Canton), OH","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"44.5133188","lon_value":"-88.0132958","count_value":"4","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Green Bay-Appleton, WI","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"42.732535","lon_value":"-84.5555347","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Lansing, MI","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"41.2565369","lon_value":"-95.9345034","count_value":"19","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Omaha, NE","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"35.612661","lon_value":"-77.3663538","count_value":"3","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Greenville-New Bern-Washington, NC","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"38.5815719","lon_value":"-121.4943996","count_value":"14","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Sacramento-Stockton-Modesto, CA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"43.6590993","lon_value":"-70.2568189","count_value":"6","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Portland-Auburn, ME","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"37.6871761","lon_value":"-97.330053","count_value":"34","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Wichita-Hutchinson, KS Plus","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"33.4956744","lon_value":"-88.4272627","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Columbus-Tupelo-West Point, MS","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"43.5473028","lon_value":"-96.728333","count_value":"8","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Sioux Falls (Mitchell), SD","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"42.6525793","lon_value":"-73.7562317","count_value":"7","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"43.5427278","lon_value":"-111.8431068","count_value":"8","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Idaho Falls-Pocatello, ID","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"38.9071923","lon_value":"-77.0368707","count_value":"438","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Washington, DC (Hagerstown, MD)","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"43.8137751","lon_value":"-91.2519017","count_value":"8","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"La Crosse-Eau Claire, WI","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"38.9517053","lon_value":"-92.3340724","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Columbia-Jefferson City, MO","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"36.9685219","lon_value":"-86.4808043","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Bowling Green, KY","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"42.3600825","lon_value":"-71.0588801","count_value":"50","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Boston, MA (Manchester, NH)","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"22.096424102783","lon_value":"-159.52629089355","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":"87yt9ys9","name_value":false,"type_value":"event"},{"lat_value":"39.9611755","lon_value":"-82.9987942","count_value":"19","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Columbus, OH","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"44.0121221","lon_value":"-92.4801989","count_value":"8","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Rochester, MN-Mason City, IA-Austin, MN","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"37.0833893","lon_value":"-88.6000478","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Paducah, KY-Cape Girardeau, MO-Harrisburg, IL","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"32.8406946","lon_value":"-83.6324022","count_value":"3","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Macon, GA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"42.4963416","lon_value":"-96.4049408","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Sioux City, IA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"44.977753","lon_value":"-93.2650108","count_value":"43","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"36.0726354","lon_value":"-79.7919754","count_value":"6","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Greensboro-High Point-Winston Salem, NC","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"42.258567810059","lon_value":"-87.840843200684","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":"dp983huq","name_value":false,"type_value":"event"},{"lat_value":"45.7832856","lon_value":"-108.5006904","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Billings, MT","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"35.7795897","lon_value":"-78.6381787","count_value":"59","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Raleigh-Durham (Fayetteville), NC","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"39.5296329","lon_value":"-119.8138027","count_value":"5","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Reno, NV","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"31.5785074","lon_value":"-84.155741","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Albany, GA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"30.4382559","lon_value":"-84.2807329","count_value":"3","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Tallahassee, FL-Thomasville, GA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"32.7766642","lon_value":"-96.7969879","count_value":"127","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Dallas-Ft. Worth, TX","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"39.1031182","lon_value":"-84.5120196","count_value":"15","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Cincinnati, OH","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"33.9137085","lon_value":"-98.4933873","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Wichita Falls, TX-Lawton, OK","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"42.8864468","lon_value":"-78.8783689","count_value":"18","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Buffalo, NY","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"32.5093109","lon_value":"-92.1193012","count_value":"24","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Monroe, LA-El Dorado, AR","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"33.5185892","lon_value":"-86.8103567","count_value":"7","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Birmingham (Anniston and Tuscaloosa), AL","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"33.4483771","lon_value":"-112.0740373","count_value":"56","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Phoenix, AZ","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"40.7127753","lon_value":"-74.0059728","count_value":"134","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"New York, NY","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"39.2903848","lon_value":"-76.6121893","count_value":"42","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Baltimore, MD","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"30.267153","lon_value":"-97.7430608","count_value":"15","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Austin, TX","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"39.7284944","lon_value":"-121.8374777","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Chico-Redding, CA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"31.7618778","lon_value":"-106.4850217","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"El Paso, TX","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"40.6936488","lon_value":"-89.5889864","count_value":"33","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Peoria-Bloomington, IL","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"41.7658043","lon_value":"-72.6733723","count_value":"37","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Hartford \u0026 New Haven, CT","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"32.3512601","lon_value":"-95.3010624","count_value":"3","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Tyler-Longview(Lufkin \u0026 Nacogdoches), TX","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"33.748970031738","lon_value":"-84.388046264648","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":"djgzzxyd","name_value":false,"type_value":"event"},{"lat_value":"38.4495688","lon_value":"-78.8689155","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Harrisonburg, VA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"41.5868353","lon_value":"-93.6249593","count_value":"22","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Des Moines-Ames, IA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"33.5778631","lon_value":"-101.8551665","count_value":"3","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Lubbock, TX","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"26.640628","lon_value":"-81.8723084","count_value":"4","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Ft. Myers-Naples, FL","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"42.44722366333","lon_value":"-71.22745513916","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":"drt37pmc","name_value":false,"type_value":"event"},{"lat_value":"32.2987573","lon_value":"-90.1848103","count_value":"12","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Jackson, MS","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"33.8302961","lon_value":"-116.5452921","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Palm Springs, CA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"35.2219971","lon_value":"-101.8312969","count_value":"3","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Amarillo, TX","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"42.1292241","lon_value":"-80.085059","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Erie, PA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"44.0520691","lon_value":"-123.0867536","count_value":"4","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Eugene, OR","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"35.1495343","lon_value":"-90.0489801","count_value":"12","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Memphis, TN","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"39.7589478","lon_value":"-84.1916069","count_value":"9","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Dayton, OH","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"36.1699412","lon_value":"-115.1398296","count_value":"17","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Las Vegas, NV","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"40.742551","lon_value":"-84.1052256","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Lima, OH","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"40.7607793","lon_value":"-111.8910474","count_value":"36","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Salt Lake City, UT","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"40.0639616","lon_value":"-80.7209149","count_value":"4","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Wheeling, WV-Steubenville, OH","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"46.8771863","lon_value":"-96.7898034","count_value":"11","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Fargo-Valley City, ND","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"27.8005828","lon_value":"-97.396381","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Corpus Christi, TX","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"34.0522342","lon_value":"-118.2436849","count_value":"73","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Los Angeles, CA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"34.2103894","lon_value":"-77.8868117","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Wilmington, NC","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"42.331352233887","lon_value":"-83.045997619629","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":"dpsby4py","name_value":false,"type_value":"event"},{"lat_value":"43.100903","lon_value":"-75.232664","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Utica, NY","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"27.950575","lon_value":"-82.4571776","count_value":"80","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Tampa-St. Petersburg (Sarasota), FL","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"41.6528052","lon_value":"-83.5378674","count_value":"8","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Toledo, OH","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"34.7464809","lon_value":"-92.2895948","count_value":"7","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Little Rock-Pine Bluff, AR","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"41.079273","lon_value":"-85.1393513","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Ft. Wayne, IN","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"39.2667418","lon_value":"-81.5615135","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Parkersburg, WV","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"37.7749295","lon_value":"-122.4194155","count_value":"41","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"39.768403","lon_value":"-86.158068","count_value":"40","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Indianapolis, IN","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"42.331427","lon_value":"-83.0457538","count_value":"30","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Detroit, MI","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"25.7616798","lon_value":"-80.1917902","count_value":"27","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"38.3498195","lon_value":"-81.6326234","count_value":"4","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Charleston-Huntington, WV","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"30.080174","lon_value":"-94.1265562","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"38.3606736","lon_value":"-75.5993692","count_value":"19","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Salisbury, MD","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"39.9525839","lon_value":"-75.1652215","count_value":"80","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Philadelphia, PA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"32.0808989","lon_value":"-81.091203","count_value":"5","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Savannah, GA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"45.5122308","lon_value":"-122.6587185","count_value":"37","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Portland, OR","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"32.5251516","lon_value":"-93.7501789","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Shreveport, LA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"37.2698395","lon_value":"-81.2223195","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Bluefield-Beckley-Oak Hill, WV","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"30.1588129","lon_value":"-85.6602058","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Panama City, FL","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"34.924850463867","lon_value":"-81.025199890137","count_value":"3","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":"dnnqsjzk","name_value":false,"type_value":"event"},{"lat_value":"35.9606384","lon_value":"-83.9207392","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Knoxville, TN","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"35.4675602","lon_value":"-97.5164276","count_value":"21","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Oklahoma City, OK","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"38.8338816","lon_value":"-104.8213634","count_value":"4","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Colorado Springs-Pueblo, CO","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"26.7153424","lon_value":"-80.0533746","count_value":"7","marker_size_value":"2","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"West Palm Beach-Ft. Pierce, FL","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"28.5383355","lon_value":"-81.3792365","count_value":"25","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Orlando-Daytona Beach-Melbourne, FL","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"43.6150186","lon_value":"-116.2023137","count_value":"23","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Boise, ID","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"38.6270025","lon_value":"-90.1994042","count_value":"35","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"St. Louis, MO","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"37.2709704","lon_value":"-79.9414266","count_value":"10","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Roanoke-Lynchburg, VA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"32.715738","lon_value":"-117.1610838","count_value":"32","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"San Diego, CA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"35.2270869","lon_value":"-80.8431267","count_value":"23","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Charlotte, NC","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"33.6890603","lon_value":"-78.8866943","count_value":"3","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Myrtle Beach-Florence, SC","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"40.4167022","lon_value":"-86.8752869","count_value":"1","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Lafayette, IN","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"46.6020711","lon_value":"-120.5058987","count_value":"2","marker_size_value":"1","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Yakima-Pasco-Richland-Kennewick, WA","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"39.7392358","lon_value":"-104.990251","count_value":"48","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Denver, CO","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"32.2226066","lon_value":"-110.9747108","count_value":"16","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Tucson (Sierra Vista), AZ","type_value":"post"},{"lat_value":"41.8781136","lon_value":"-87.6297982","count_value":"122","marker_size_value":"3","geohash_value":false,"name_value":"Chicago, IL","type_value":"post"}]}},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"491b77d40f6283df569657d63f3c0d8a9d5e14a26f11b80e0b78bb88da676cba"}}</script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery/jquery.min.js?v=3.7.0"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/once/once.min.js?v=1.0.1"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/drupalSettingsLoader.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/drupal.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/drupal.init.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/debounce.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/version-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/data-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/disable-selection-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/form-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/jquery-patch-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/scroll-parent-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/unique-id-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/focusable-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/ie-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/keycode-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/plugin-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/safe-active-element-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/safe-blur-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/widget-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/labels-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/widgets/controlgroup-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/form-reset-mixin-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/widgets/mouse-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/widgets/checkboxradio-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/widgets/draggable-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/widgets/resizable-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/widgets/button-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery.ui/ui/widgets/dialog-min.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/blazy/js/dblazy.min.js?sb60d1"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/blazy/js/plugin/blazy.dataset.min.js?sb60d1"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/blazy/js/plugin/blazy.viewport.min.js?sb60d1"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/blazy/js/plugin/blazy.dom.min.js?sb60d1"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/blazy/js/plugin/blazy.xlazy.min.js?sb60d1"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/blazy/js/plugin/blazy.observer.min.js?sb60d1"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/blazy/js/plugin/blazy.loading.min.js?sb60d1"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/blazy/js/base/blazy.base.min.js?sb60d1"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/blazy/js/base/io/bio.min.js?sb60d1"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/blazy/js/base/io/bio.media.min.js?sb60d1"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/blazy/js/base/blazy.drupal.min.js?sb60d1"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/blazy/js/blazy.load.min.js?sb60d1"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/blazy/js/blazy.compat.min.js?sb60d1"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/tabbable/index.umd.min.js?v=6.1.2"></script>
<script src="https://static.addtoany.com/menu/page.js" async></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/addtoany/js/addtoany.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/entity_embed/js/entity_embed.set_dynamic_icons.js?sb60d1"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/ckeditor5/ckeditor5-dll/ckeditor5-dll.js?v=39.0.1"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/assets/uswds/dist/js/uswds-init.min.js?v=3.1.0"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/assets/uswds/dist/js/uswds.min.js?v=3.1.0"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/js-cookie/js.cookie.min.js?v=3.0.5"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/component_load_more.js?v=15.2"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/script.js?v=15.2"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/textsizer.js?v=15.2"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/jquery.simplemodal.js?v=15.2"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/jquery-migrate-3.0.0.js?v=15.2"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/jquery-ui.min.js?v=15.2"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/jQuery.print.js?v=15.2"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/ck_entity_embed.js?v=15.2"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/stacktable.min.js?v=15.2"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/smoothscroll.js?v=15.2"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/view_more_pager.js?v=15.2"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/banner_promotion.js?v=15.2"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/nhlbi_catalog_pubs.js?v=15.2"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/nhlbi-ourhearts-datepicker.js?v=15.2"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/alerts.js?v=15.2"></script>
<script src="/modules/custom/nih_extlink/nih_extlink.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/accordions.js?v=1.x"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/read_more.js?v=1.x"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/nhlbi/js/nhlbi_print_modal.js?v=1.x"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/displace.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/jquery.tabbable.shim.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/position.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/dialog/dialog.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/dialog/dialog.position.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/dialog/dialog.jquery-ui.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/modules/ckeditor5/js/ckeditor5.dialog.fix.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/progress.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/loadjs/loadjs.min.js?v=4.2.0"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/announce.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/message.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/ajax.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/blazy/js/base/io/bio.ajax.min.js?sb60d1"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/views_ajax_history/js/views_ajax_history.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery-form/jquery.form.min.js?v=4.3.0"></script>
<script src="/core/modules/views/js/base.js?v=10.1.5"></script>
<script src="/core/modules/views/js/ajax_view.js?v=10.1.5"></script>


        <script async="" type="text/javascript" id="_fed_an_ua_tag" src="https://dap.digitalgov.gov/Universal-Federated-Analytics-Min.js?agency=HHS&sdor=nih.gov"></script>
  </body>
</html>