# Patent

## Title
System and methods to route calls over a voice and data network

## Abstract

Provided herein are systems and methods to route a call over a voice and data network VDN. A particular method includes receiving a call from a calling device at a telecommunications gateway (TCG). Authentication data is received via the call. A determination is made whether a user account associated with the authentication data is authorized to route calls via the TCG to a VDN. When the user account is authorized to route calls via the TCG to the VDN, call data received at the TCG via the call is converted into a format compatible with the VDN. The converted call data is sent via the VDN to a destination device.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present application claims priority from, and is a continuation of, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/552,772, filed Sep. 2, 2009, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/624,433, filed Jul. 22, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,606,217, issued Oct. 20, 2009, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/484,385 filed on Jul. 2, 2003, all of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.


BACKGROUND
The present disclosure relates generally to routing of telephone calls. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to the routing of telephone calls initiated on a wired or wireless telecommunication network to a voice and data network (VDN).
It is known in the art to place telephone calls around the world using conventional public switched telephone network systems. FIG. 1 illustrates a simplified diagram of how a call, such as a long distance call, is handled. A first caller uses a telephone 100 and makes a call that is routed through a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 110 to another phone 105 anywhere in the world. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 2, a mobile phone user may use a mobile phone 200 to make a call that is first routed to a mobile communications network 205 and then to a PSTN 210, where it can then be routed to a telecommunications device 215 located any place around the world, such as a telephone 220 located in another country.
Operators of PSTNs charge callers for the routing of phone calls. Though the exact amounts of the charges vary depending on market circumstances, it is almost universally true that the further away the call is going (i.e., long distance calls), the greater the cost to the user. This is particularly true when calls cross political boundaries, such as borders between countries, as well as physical boundaries, such as oceans.
Vendors currently offer products that permit telecommunications to be carried via a VDN such as the Internet. For example, Vonage is a company that uses the Cisco ATA unit. Features that allow mobile telephone usage over the Internet cannot offer this calling activity with this unit. The Cisco ATA unit is broadband only and does not provide a means to attach to a phone jack in the wall. Without attachment to the wall, the Vonage-Cisco unit cannot detect incoming PSTN calls. Without the ability to detect incoming PSTN calls, the Vonage-Cisco unit cannot then bridge PSTN callers into the Vonage voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) network.
Packet 8 sells an Internet access device (IAD) (called DTA310) that is broadband only. The DTA310 provides a single RJ-11 connection for an analog phone. The DTA310 does not provide a means to attach the unit to a phone jack in the wall. Without attachment to the wall, the Packet 8 unit cannot detect incoming PSTN calls. Without the ability to detect incoming PSTN calls, the Packet 8 unit cannot then bridge PSTN callers into the Packet 8 VoIP network.
Net2Phone sells a line of IAD units supporting both broadband and narrowband dialup. One unit provides a 2-port gateway that includes means to connect directly to a phone jack in the wall. It is unknown if the hardware architecture of the Net2Phone unit supports the ability to bridge a mobile caller into their VoIP network. However, firmware does not appear to be available for the current IAD units to make VoIP calling from non-VoIP telephones a reality.
What would be useful are a system and method for routing calls originating from the PSTN and mobile telephone networks to VDN, thereby permitting telephone users to take advantage of the Internet as a telecommunication network for the placing of long distance telephone calls.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Provided herein are systems and methods for routing calls over a voice and data network. The methods, systems, and apparatuses are set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or can be learned by practice of the methods, apparatuses, and systems. The advantages of the methods, apparatuses, and systems will be realized and attained by means of the elements and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the methods, apparatuses, and systems, as claimed.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the accompanying figures, like elements are identified by like reference numerals among the several preferred embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 1 illustrates a diagram of a standard phone call according to the prior art.
FIG. 2 illustrates a diagram of a cell phone call according to the prior art.
FIG. 3 illustrates a diagram of a Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) phone call routed through the Internet according to a particular embodiment.
FIG. 4 illustrates a diagram of a mobile phone call routed through the Internet according to one embodiment.
FIG. 5 illustrates a second diagram of a mobile phone call routed through the Internet according to a particular embodiment.
FIG. 6 illustrates a logical flow of placing a telephone call from a mobile telephone using a particular embodiment.
FIG. 7 illustrates a block diagram of a public switched telephone network (PSTN) having means for sending a call over a voice and data network (VDN) at the direction of a caller in accordance with a particular embodiment.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The foregoing and other features and advantages of the invention are apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments, read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The detailed description and drawings are merely illustrative of the invention rather than limiting, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
In a particular embodiment, a telecommunications gateway (TCG) receives communications (such as an incoming call) from a remote location via a communications device (either via a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) or a wireless network operated by a mobile service provider). The TCG initiates a call from the TCG to a remote communication device over a voice and data network (VDN). In an embodiment, the VDN is the Internet and the remote communication device is a telephone (either wired or mobile), but the present disclosure is not so limited. The TCG functions as a bridge between the communications device that initiated the incoming call and the remote communication device. In another embodiment, the functions of the TCG are performed by equipment operated by the operator of a PSTN.
A “mobile communication device” may include, for example, a wireless telephone (e.g., a cellular telephone), another mobile telephony device or another mobile communication device (such as a wireless personal data assistant or a computer having a wireless network interface card) that can access long distance services in order to send or receive data. Thus, while this disclosure discusses the routing of mobile telephone calls, those skilled in the art will understand that this technology and method apply equally to other mobile devices as well.
It is an aspect of the disclosure to enable users to make long distance calls using the Internet as a communication network of choice.
It is a further aspect of the disclosure to enable mobile telephone users to take advantage of the Internet as a telecommunication network for the placing of long distance telephone calls.
It is yet another aspect of the disclosure to support “Anywhere-Anytime” VoIP access.
It is another aspect of the disclosure to provide access to Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) calling without regard to the technology used by a calling party or a receiving party.
It is yet another aspect of the disclosure to support all mobile providers worldwide, regardless of their format (e.g., CDMA, TDMA, and GSM) and protocols used.
These and other aspects of the disclosure will become apparent from a review of the general and detailed descriptions that follow.
In a particular embodiment, a TCG receives communications from a remote location via a communications device (either via a PSTN or via a wireless network operated by a mobile service provider). The TCG initiates a call from the TCG to a remote communication device over a VDN. By way of illustration and not as a limitation, a call is made from a first communication device to a second communication device to which the TCG is connected. The call is then intercepted at the TCG, where the call is converted into a bit stream according to an appropriate protocol that is transferable over a VDN. In an embodiment, the VDN is the Internet. The bit stream may include proper identifiers and routing indications. The converted call may then be sent over the VDN to another PSTN or to another TCG and finally to the end destination (i.e., the remote communication device).
In another embodiment, the functions of the TCG are performed by equipment operated by the operator of a PSTN. For example, the TCG may be under the control of the operation of the PSTN and a caller may direct the PSTN to route the call over a VDN.
In a particular embodiment, a TCG receives communications from a remote location via an incoming call (either from the PSTN or a mobile service provider). The TCG initiates a call to a remote communication device over a VDN. In another embodiment, the VDN is the Internet and the remote communication device is a telephone (either wired or mobile), but the disclosure is not so limited. The TCG functions as a bridge between a device at the remote location that initiated the incoming call and the remote communication device. By way of illustration and not as a limitation, a caller first places a call on a telephone (wired or mobile) to an end destination where the user's TCG is connected. The call is intercepted at the TCG and is converted into a bit stream according to an appropriate protocol that is transferable over a VDN. In an embodiment, the VDN is the Internet. The bit stream may include proper identifiers and routing indications. In another embodiment, the bit stream includes discrete packets. The converted call is then sent over the VDN to another PSTN or another TCG and finally to the end destination.
FIG. 3 illustrates a diagram of a phone call placed over a PSTN 305 and routed through a VDN 315 (such as the Internet). By way of illustration and not as a limitation, a call is initiated by a caller on a telephone 300 to a number associated with a TCG 310. The call may be routed normally to the TCG 310 through the PSTN 305. The call may be authenticated as being from an authorized user. If appropriate signaling is received from the caller, the TCG 310 may convert the call (i.e., telephone signals) into a bit stream according to an appropriate protocol that is transferable over a VDN 315. In an embodiment, the VDN 315 is the Internet. The bit stream may include proper identifiers and routing indications. In another embodiment, the bit stream includes discrete packets. The converted call is then sent to a final destination device 320 via the VDN 315. The path to the final destination device 320 may be via another PSTN or another TCG.
FIG. 4 illustrates a diagram of a mobile phone call routed through the Internet according to a particular embodiment. A user (or caller) places a call on a mobile phone 400 that is linked to a mobile communications network 405. The call may be routed through a PSTN 410 to a TCG 415. The TCG 415 may authenticate the caller and, if the caller is authenticated, the TCG 415 converts the call (i.e., phone signals) into a bit stream according to an appropriate protocol that is transferable over a VDN 420. In an embodiment, the VDN 420 is the Internet. The bit stream may include proper identifiers and routing indications. In another embodiment, the bit stream includes discrete packets.
The converted call may be directed over the VDN 420 to another telecommunications device. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the telecommunication device may be a telephone 425 connected to another TCG 415, to a telephone 425 connected to a computer 430, or to a telephone 425 connected to a TCG 415 that is connected to the VDN 420 via a computer 430. However, the present disclosure is not so limited. The telecommunications device to which the call is directed may be any device capable of receiving and processing data sent by the caller.
In one embodiment, the call made by the mobile telephone 400 is to a phone number associated with the TCG 415. In another embodiment, the phone number is associated with a plurality of TCGs of a TCG network, and the mobile phone call is routed to a particular TCG on the TCG network. In these embodiments, once the mobile telephone 400 has connected with the TCG 415, the user may be prompted for a dialing sequence, which corresponds with another TCG or to a PSTN telephone call.
As noted above, in a particular embodiment, the TCG 415 performs an authentication step wherein a user (i.e., a caller) or an account associated with a calling telecommunication device (e.g., the mobile telephone 400) is identified. Based upon this identification, the call is either allowed to proceed or is not allowed to proceed. In an embodiment, the authentication of the caller is achieved using caller identification (ID) data associated with the call. The call may be received from either a plain old telephone service (POTS) device, a mobile telephone or another mobile device. Other authentication methods, such as using an electronic serial number (ESN), may be used to authenticate the caller at the TCG 415. Similarly, any other authentication system that uniquely identifies a user or group of users is within the scope of the disclosure. For example, the caller may be prompted for more information such as a password or access code.
Though the Internet is used in the above example, the disclosure contemplates the use of any VDN 420 that is capable of transferring information as described by the present disclosure.
FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment where the call routing system discussed in reference to FIG. 3 is adapted to permit a call to be routed to a telephone 525 physically connected to a TCG 510 rather than directed to a VDN 515. This transfer to the telephone 525 physically connected to the TCG 510 rather than to the VDN 515 may be initiated by a selection on a telephone 500, or by a lack of a selection, either when the call is first made or once a connection with the TCG 510 is established. The selection may take a variety of forms such as determining the presence of a long distance designator (for example, the # sign) in the telephone number associated with the TCG 510, or not and waiting for an internal timer to note the absence of a “#” sign. However, such dialing notifications may include but are not limited to depressing of a predetermined key, lack of selection of a predetermined key, or the calling of a unique telephone number. Although not illustrated, the call routing system discussed in reference to FIG. 4 may be similarly adapted to direct the call from the mobile telephone 400 to the telephone 425 physically connected to the TCG 415.
Referring now to FIG. 6, a method for placing calls over the Internet (for example) from a mobile telephone is illustrated. A mobile phone user first dials a number associated with a PSTN line connected to a TCG, at 600. The TCG detects the incoming call, at 605. A determination is made whether a caller is authorized to access a VDN through the TCG, at 610. If the caller does not present acceptable authorization credentials, at 610, the call is directed to a telephone connected to the PSTN line, at 615.
If the caller's authorization credentials are accepted at 610, the TCG enters an “off-hook” state, at 620, and determines whether a dialing signal is received, at 625. If no dialing signal is received at 625, the TCG passes the call through to the telephone connected to the PSTN line, at 615.
If a dialing signal is received, the TCG is ready for entry of a number or address to place a call over the VDN, at 630, according to the convention established by the TCG manufacturer and/or the VoIP service provider providing VoIP service.
In an embodiment, the authorization credentials include caller ID data. In another embodiment, the caller is prompted to provide the authorization credentials. In yet another embodiment, in the event that the authorization credentials are accepted, the TCG emits a uniquely identifiable tone to alert the caller to enter the dialing signal. In yet another embodiment, the dialing signal includes the “#” sign.
The caller may follow the dialing signal with a telephone number or address, as previously discussed. In an alternate embodiment, the TCG identifies that a long distance call is desired by the initial dialing to the TCG. The TCG routes the call over a VDN, such as the Internet, to the desired long distance phone. Thus, placing a long distance call via the TCG may cost no more than a local call.
FIG. 7 illustrates a block diagram of a PSTN 715 that can send a call over a VDN 735 at the direction of a caller in accordance with an embodiment. The PSTN 715 includes a switch 720 and a TCG 730. The PSTN 715 receives mobile calls from a mobile telephone 700 via a mobile communications network 705. The PSTN 715 also receives calls from a telephone 710. Calls received by the PSTN 715 are processed by the TCG 730 and their destination is determined as previously discussed. Calls destined for a first communication device 725 are passed to the switch 720 and the caller is connected to the first communication device 725 via the PSTN 715. Calls destined for a second communication device 740 are passed to the VDN 735 and ultimately to the second communication device 740.
By way of illustration and not as a limitation, the telephone 710 places a call to another telephone on the PSTN 715. In this illustration, the first communication device 725 may be the other telephone. The call is evaluated by the TCG 730 and routed through the switch 720. Similarly, a call placed by the mobile telephone 700 to the first communication device 725 may be routed over the PSTN 715 and through the switch 720. By contrast, a caller may designate (using a VDN designator) that the call is to be transported via the VDN 735 to the second communication device 740. The second communication device 740 may be any device or combination of devices that may be connected to, and receive communications from, the VDN 735, including a telephone. (for example, see FIG. 4.) In this embodiment, the TCG 730 determines whether the VDN designator is present in the dialed number and, if so, routes the call to the VDN 735 for ultimate delivery to the second communication device 740.
The present disclosure describes use of a TCG in its various embodiments. The TCG itself may implement multiple digital networking protocols using a telephony protocol engine (TPE). One such protocol that may also be used is the Session Initiation Protocol SIP. SIP is an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) signaling protocol for establishing real-time calls and conferences over Internet Protocol networks. In this embodiment, the TPE may be implemented using inexpensive, memory limited microprocessors and inexpensive flash memory. However, this is not meant as a limitation. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, particular embodiments may be implemented in other computing contexts without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
While the invention has been described in connection with various embodiments, it will be understood that the invention is capable of further modifications. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention, and including such departures from the present disclosure as, within the known and customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains.

## Claims

1. A method of routing a call over a voice and data network (VDN) to a destination device, the method comprising:
receiving a call from a calling device at a telecommunications gateway (TCG);
in response to receiving the call, prompting the calling device for a VDN designator, wherein determining whether the user account is authorized to route calls via the TCG to the VDN is performed when the VDN designator is received; and wherein the call is routed via a switch to a second destination device when the VDN designator is not received;
receiving authentication data via the call;
determining whether a user account associated with the authentication data is authorized to route calls via the TCG to a VDN;
when the user account is authorized to route calls via the TCG to the VDN, converting call data received at the TCG via the call into a format compatible with the VDN; and
sending the converted call data via the VDN to destination device.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein converting the call data into a format compatible with the VDN includes generating a bit stream including a plurality of data packets and adding an identifier and a routing indication to each data packet of the plurality of data packets.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the identifier includes an address associated with the destination device.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the converted call data is sent to the destination device via the VDN and via a public switched telephone network (PSTN).

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the VDN is the Internet.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the authentication data comprises caller ID data associated with the calling device.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: sending a dialing signal to the calling device after determining that the user account is authorized to route calls via the TCG to the VDN; and receiving a destination address associated with the destination device in response to the dialing signal, wherein the destination address is used to send the converted call data via the VDN to the destination device.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the call is received at the TCG in response to a user entering a calling code associated with the destination device.

9. A method of routing a call over a voice and data network (VDN) to a destination device, the method comprising:
receiving a call from a calling device at a telecommunications gateway (TCG);
determining at the TCG whether a VDN designator is present in input provided at the calling device;
in response to determining that the VDN designator is received, sending a dialing signal to the calling device; and receiving a calling code from the calling device in response to the dialing signal, wherein the calling code identifies the destination device;
when the VDN designator is present, converting at the TCG call data received via the call into a format compatible with a VDN; and
sending the converted call data from the TCG to a destination device via the VDN.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the input provided at the calling device includes a calling code associated with the TCG, and wherein the VDN designator is part of the calling code.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein the input provided at the calling device includes a calling code provided in response to a prompt, wherein the method further comprises sending the prompt to the calling device after receiving the call.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein the VDN designator is a tone produced by pressing a “#” key on a telephone keypad.

13. The method of claim 9, further comprising, before sending the converted call data to the destination device via the VDN, determining whether a user account associated with authentication data received via the call is authorized to route calls via the TCG to the VDN.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the authentication data includes an electronic serial number of the calling device.

15. A telecommunications gateway (TCG), comprising:
a first communication connection to receive a call from a communications network;
a second communication connection to send the call to a second communications network; and
a processor, wherein the processor: evaluates data received via the call to select the second communications network from between a voice and data network (VDN) and a public switched telephone network (PSTN);
when the VDN is selected, evaluates authentication data associated with the call to determine whether the call is authorized to be sent via the VDN;
when the call is authorized to be sent via the VDN, executes a telephony protocol engine (TPE) to convert the call to a protocol compatible with the VDN; and
sends the call to a destination device via the VDN and determining at the TCG whether a VDN designator is present in input provided at the calling device and in response to determining that the VDN designator is received, sending a dialing signal to the calling device; and receiving a calling code from the calling device in response to the dialing signal, wherein the calling code identifies the destination device.

16. The TCG of claim 15, wherein the first communications network comprises a mobile communications network.

17. The TCG of claim 15, wherein the first communications network comprises a PSTN.

18. The TCG of claim 15, wherein, when the call is not authorized to be sent via the VDN, the processor sends the call to the destination device via the PSTN.