II 

109TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION S. 3971 

To hold the current regime in Iran accountable for its threatening behavior 

and to support a transition to democracy in Iran. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

SEPTEMBER 28, 2006 

Mr. SANTORUM (for himself, Mr. FRIST, Mr. CORNYN, Mr. NELSON of Florida, Mr. CRAPO, Mr. LOTT, Mr. DEWINE, and Mr. COLEMAN) introduced 

the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee 

on Foreign Relations 

A BILL 

To hold the current regime in Iran accountable for its threatening behavior and to support a transition to democracy 

in Iran. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Iran Freedom Support 

5 Act’’. 

6 SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

7 The table of contents for this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title. 

Sec. 2. Table of contents. 


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TITLE I—CODIFICATION OF SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAN 

Sec. 101. Codification of sanctions. 

TITLE II—AMENDMENTS TO THE IRAN AND LIBYA SANCTIONS 

ACT OF 1996 AND OTHER PROVISIONS RELATED TO INVESTMENT IN IRAN 

Sec. 201. Multilateral regime. 

Sec. 202. Imposition of sanctions. 

Sec. 203. Termination of sanctions. 

Sec. 204. Sunset. 

Sec. 205. Technical and conforming amendments. 

TITLE III—PROMOTION OF DEMOCRACY FOR IRAN 

Sec. 301. Declaration of policy. 

Sec. 302. Assistance to support democracy for Iran. 

TITLE IV—POLICY OF THE UNITED STATES TO FACILITATE THE 

NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION OF IRAN 

Sec. 401. Sense of Congress. 

TITLE V—PREVENTION OF MONEY LAUNDERING FOR WEAPONS 

OF MASS DESTRUCTION 

Sec. 501. Prevention of money laundering for weapons of mass destruction. 

1 TITLE I—CODIFICATION OF 

2 SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAN 

3 SEC. 101. CODIFICATION OF SANCTIONS. 

4 (a) CODIFICATION OF SANCTIONS.—Except as other5 wise provided in this section, United States sanctions with 

6 respect to Iran imposed pursuant to sections 1 and 3 of 

7 Executive Order No. 12957, sections 1(e), (1)(g), and (3) 

8 of Executive Order No. 12959, and sections 2, 3, and 5 

9 of Executive Order No. 13059 (relating to exports and 

10 certain other transactions with Iran) as in effect on Janu11 ary 1, 2006, shall remain in effect. The President may 

12 terminate such sanctions, in whole or in part, if the Presi13 dent notifies Congress at least 15 days in advance of such 


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1 termination. In the event of exigent circumstances, the 

2 President may exercise the authority set forth in the pre3 ceding sentence without regard to the notification require4 ment stated therein, except that such notification shall be 

5 provided as early as practicable, but in no event later than 

6 three working days after such exercise of authority. 

7 (b) NO EFFECT ON OTHER SANCTIONS RELATING TO

8 SUPPORT FOR ACTS OF INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM.— 

9 Nothing in this Act shall affect any United States sanc10 tion, control, or regulation as in effect on January 1, 

11 2006, relating to a determination under section 6(j)(1)(A) 

12 of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 

13 2405(j)(1)(A)), section 620A(a) of the Foreign Assistance 

14 Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371(a)), or section 40(d) of the 

15 Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2780(d)) that the 

16 Government of Iran has repeatedly provided support for 

17 acts of international terrorism. 


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1 TITLE II—AMENDMENTS TO THE 

2 IRAN AND LIBYA SANCTIONS 

3 ACT OF 1996 AND OTHER PRO4 VISIONS RELATED TO INVEST5 MENT IN IRAN 

6 SEC. 201. MULTILATERAL REGIME. 

7 (a) WAIVER.—Section 4(c) of the Iran and Libya 

8 Sanctions Act of 1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended 

9 to read as follows: 

10 ‘‘(c) WAIVER.— 

11 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The President may, on a 

12 case by case basis, waive for a period of not more 

13 than six months the application of section 5(a) with 

14 respect to a national of a country, if the President 

15 certifies to the appropriate congressional committees 

16 at least 30 days before such waiver is to take effect 

17 that such waiver is vital to the national security in18 terests of the United States. 

19 ‘‘(2) SUBSEQUENT RENEWAL OF WAIVER.—If 

20 the President determines that, in accordance with 

21 paragraph (1), such a waiver is appropriate, the 

22 President may, at the conclusion of the period of a 

23 waiver under paragraph (1), renew such waiver for 

24 subsequent periods of not more than six months 

25 each.’’. 


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1 (b) INVESTIGATIONS.—Section 4 of such Act (50 

2 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended by adding at the end the 

3 following new subsection: 

4 ‘‘(f) INVESTIGATIONS.— 

5 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The President should ini6 tiate an investigation into the possible imposition of 

7 sanctions under section 5(a) against a person upon 

8 receipt by the United States of credible information 

9 indicating that such person is engaged in investment 

10 activity in Iran as described in such section. 

11 ‘‘(2) DETERMINATION AND NOTIFICATION.— 

12 Not later than 180 days after an investigation is ini13 tiated in accordance with paragraph (1), the Presi14 dent should determine, pursuant to section 5(a), if 

15 a person has engaged in investment activity in Iran 

16 as described in such section and shall notify the ap17 propriate congressional committees of the basis for 

18 any such determination.’’. 

19 SEC. 202. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS. 

20 (a) SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO DEVELOPMENT

21 OF PETROLEUM RESOURCES.—Section 5(a) of the Iran 

22 and Libya Sanctions Act of 1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) 

23 is amended in the heading, by striking ‘‘TO IRAN’’ and 

24 inserting ‘‘TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF PETROLEUM RE25 SOURCES OF IRAN’’. 


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1 (b) SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO DEVELOPMENT

2 OF WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION OR OTHER MILI3 TARY CAPABILITIES.—Section 5(b) of such Act (50 U.S.C. 

4 1701 note) is amended to read as follows: 

5 ‘‘(b) MANDATORY SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO

6 DEVELOPMENT OF WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION OR

7 OTHER MILITARY CAPABILITIES.—The President shall 

8 impose two or more of the sanctions described in para9 graphs (1) through (6) of section 6 if the President deter10 mines that a person has, on or after the date of the enact11 ment of this Act, exported, transferred, or otherwise pro12 vided to Iran any goods, services, technology, or other 

13 items knowing that the provision of such goods, services, 

14 technology, or other items would contribute materially to 

15 the ability of Iran to— 

16 ‘‘(1) acquire or develop chemical, biological, or 

17 nuclear weapons or related technologies; or 

18 ‘‘(2) acquire or develop destabilizing numbers 

19 and types of advanced conventional weapons.’’. 

20 (c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by 

21 this section shall apply with respect to actions taken on 

22 or after June 6, 2006. 

23 SEC. 203. TERMINATION OF SANCTIONS. 

24 Section 8(a) of the Iran and Libya Sanctions Act of 

25 1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended— 


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1 (1) in paragraph (1)(C), by striking ‘‘and’’ at 

2 the end; 

3 (2) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at 

4 the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 

5 (3) by adding at the end the following new 

6 paragraph: 

7 ‘‘(3) poses no significant threat to United 

8 States national security, interests, or allies.’’. 

9 SEC. 204. SUNSET. 

10 Section 13 of the Iran and Libya Sanctions Act of 

11 1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended by striking ‘‘on 

12 September 29, 2006’’ and inserting ‘‘on December 31, 

13 2011’’. 

14 SEC. 205. TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENTS. 

15 (a) FINDINGS.—Section 2 of the Iran and Libya 

16 Sanctions Act of 1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended 

17 by striking paragraph (4). 

18 (b) DECLARATION OF POLICY.—Section 3 of the Iran 

19 and Libya Sanctions Act of 1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) 

20 is amended— 

21 (1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘(a) POLICY

22 WITH RESPECT TO IRAN.—’’; and 

23 (2) by striking subsection (b). 


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1 (c) TERMINATION OF SANCTIONS.—Section 8 of the 

2 Iran and Libya Sanctions Act of 1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 

3 note) is amended— 

4 (1) in subsection (a), by striking 

5 ‘‘(a) IRAN.—’’; and 

6 (2) by striking subsection (b). 

7 (d) DURATION OF SANCTIONS; PRESIDENTIAL WAIV8 ER.—Section 9(c)(2)(C) of the Iran and Libya Sanctions 

9 Act of 1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended to read 

10 as follows: 

11 ‘‘(C) an estimate of the significance of the 

12 provision of the items described in section 5(a) 

13 or section 5(b) to Iran’s ability to, respectively, 

14 develop its petroleum resources or its weapons 

15 of mass destruction or other military capabili16 ties; and’’. 

17 (e) REPORTS REQUIRED.—Section 10(b)(1) of the 

18 Iran and Libya Sanctions Act of 1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 

19 note) is amended by striking ‘‘and Libya’’ each place it 

20 appears. 

21 (f) DEFINITIONS.—Section 14 of the Iran and Libya 

22 Sanctions Act of 1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amend23 ed— 

24 (1) in paragraph (9)— 


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1 (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph 

2 (A), by— 

3 (i) striking ‘‘, or with the Government 

4 of Libya or a nongovernmental entity in 

5 Libya,’’; and 

6 (ii) by striking ‘‘nongovenmental’’ and 

7 inserting ‘‘nongovernmental’’; and 

8 (B) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘or 

9 Libya (as the case may be)’’; 

10 (2) by striking paragraph (12); and 

11 (3) by redesignating paragraphs (13), (14), 

12 (15), (16), and (17) as paragraphs (12), (13), (14), 

13 (15), and (16), respectively. 

14 (g) SHORT TITLE.— 

15 (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 1 of the Iran and 

16 Libya Sanctions Act of 1996 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note) 

17 is amended by striking ‘‘and Libya’’. 

18 (2) REFERENCES.—Any reference in any other 

19 provision of law, regulation, document, or other 

20 record of the United States to the ‘‘Iran and Libya 

21 Sanctions Act of 1996’’ shall be deemed to be a ref22 erence to the ‘‘Iran Sanctions Act of 1996’’. 


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1 TITLE III—PROMOTION OF 

2 DEMOCRACY FOR IRAN 

3 SEC. 301. DECLARATION OF POLICY. 

4 (a) IN GENERAL.—Congress declares that it should 

5 be the policy of the United States— 

6 (1) to support efforts by the people of Iran to 

7 exercise self-determination over the form of govern8 ment of their country; and 

9 (2) to support independent human rights and 

10 peaceful pro-democracy forces in Iran. 

11 (b) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this Act 

12 shall be construed as authorizing the use of force against 

13 Iran. 

14 SEC. 302. ASSISTANCE TO SUPPORT DEMOCRACY FOR IRAN. 

15 (a) AUTHORIZATION.— 

16 (1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other 

17 provision of law, the President is authorized to pro18 vide financial and political assistance (including the 

19 award of grants) to foreign and domestic individuals, 

20 organizations, and entities working for the purpose 

21 of supporting and promoting democracy for Iran. 

22 Such assistance may include the award of grants to 

23 eligible independent pro-democracy radio and tele24 vision broadcasting organizations that broadcast into 

25 Iran. 


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1 (2) LIMITATION ON ASSISTANCE.—In accord2 ance with the rule of construction described in sub3 section (b) of section 301, none of the funds author4 ized under this section shall be used to support the 

5 use of force against Iran. 

6 (b) ELIGIBILITY FOR ASSISTANCE.—Financial and 

7 political assistance under this section should be provided 

8 only to an individual, organization, or entity that— 

9 (1) officially opposes the use of violence and 

10 terrorism and has not been designated as a foreign 

11 terrorist organization under section 219 of the Im12 migration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189) at 

13 any time during the preceding four years; 

14 (2) advocates the adherence by Iran to non15 proliferation regimes for nuclear, chemical, and bio16 logical weapons and materiel; 

17 (3) is dedicated to democratic values and sup18 ports the adoption of a democratic form of govern19 ment in Iran; 

20 (4) is dedicated to respect for human rights, in21 cluding the fundamental equality of women; 

22 (5) works to establish equality of opportunity 

23 for people; and 


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1 (6) supports freedom of the press, freedom of 

2 speech, freedom of association, and freedom of reli3 gion. 

4 (c) FUNDING.—The President may provide assistance 

5 under this section using— 

6 (1) funds available to the Middle East Partner7 ship Initiative (MEPI), the Broader Middle East 

8 and North Africa Initiative, and the Human Rights 

9 and Democracy Fund; and 

10 (2) amounts made available pursuant to the au11 thorization of appropriations under subsection (g). 

12 (d) NOTIFICATION.—Not later than 15 days before 

13 each obligation of assistance under this section, and in ac14 cordance with the procedures under section 634A of the 

15 Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2394–l), the 

16 President shall notify the Committee on International Re17 lations and the Committee on Appropriations of the House 

18 of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Rela19 tions and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. 

20 (e) SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING DIPLOMATIC

21 ASSISTANCE.—It is the sense of Congress that— 

22 (1) support for a transition to democracy in 

23 Iran should be expressed by United States rep24 resentatives and officials in all appropriate inter25 national fora; 


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1 (2) officials and representatives of the United 

2 States should— 

3 (A) strongly and unequivocally support in4 digenous efforts in Iran calling for free, trans5 parent, and democratic elections; and 

6 (B) draw international attention to viola7 tions by the Government of Iran of human 

8 rights, freedom of religion, freedom of assem9 bly, and freedom of the press. 

10 (f) DURATION.—The authority to provide assistance 

11 under this section shall expire on December 31, 2011. 

12 (g) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 

13 authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State 

14 such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section. 

15 TITLE IV—POLICY OF THE 

16 UNITED STATES TO FACILI17 TATE THE NUCLEAR NON18 PROLIFERATION OF IRAN 

19 SEC. 401. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 

20 (a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It should be the policy 

21 of the United States not to bring into force an agreement 

22 for cooperation with the government of any country that 

23 is assisting the nuclear program of Iran or transferring 

24 advanced conventional weapons or missiles to Iran unless 

25 the President has determined that— 


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1 (1) Iran has suspended all enrichment-related 

2 and reprocessing-related activity (including uranium 

3 conversion and research and development, manufac4 turing, testing, and assembly relating to enrichment 

5 and reprocessing), has committed to verifiably re6 frain permanently from such activity in the future 

7 (except potentially the conversion of uranium exclu8 sively for export to foreign nuclear fuel production 

9 facilities pursuant to internationally agreed arrange10 ments and subject to strict international safe11 guards), and is abiding by that commitment; or 

12 (2) the government of that country— 

13 (A) has, either on its own initiative or pur14 suant to a binding decision of the United Na15 tions Security Council, suspended all nuclear 

16 assistance to Iran and all transfers of advanced 

17 conventional weapons and missiles to Iran, 

18 pending a decision by Iran to implement meas19 ures that would permit the President to make 

20 the determination described in paragraph (1); 

21 and 

22 (B) is committed to maintaining that sus23 pension until Iran has implemented measures 

24 that would permit the President to make such 

25 determination. 


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1 (b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 

2 (1) AGREEMENT FOR COOPERATION.—The term 

3 ‘‘agreement for cooperation’’ has the meaning given 

4 that term in section 11 b. of the Atomic Energy Act 

5 of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2014(b)). 

6 (2) ASSISTING THE NUCLEAR PROGRAM OF

7 IRAN.—The term ‘‘assisting the nuclear program of 

8 Iran’’ means the intentional transfer to Iran by a 

9 government, or by a person subject to the jurisdic10 tion of a government, with the knowledge and acqui11 escence of that government, of goods, services, or 

12 technology listed on the Nuclear Suppliers Group 

13 Guidelines for the Export of Nuclear Material, 

14 Equipment and Technology (published by the Inter15 national Atomic Energy Agency as Information Cir16 cular INFCIRC/254/Rev. 3/Part 1, and subsequent 

17 revisions) or Guidelines for Transfers of Nuclear-Re18 lated Dual-Use Equipment, Material and Related 

19 Technology (published by the International Atomic 

20 Energy Agency as Information Circular INFCIRC/ 

21 254/Rev. 3/Part 2 and subsequent revisions). 

22 (3) TRANSFERRING ADVANCED CONVENTIONAL

23 WEAPONS OR MISSILES TO IRAN.—The term ‘‘trans24 ferring advanced conventional weapons or missiles to 

25 Iran’’ means the intentional transfer to Iran by a 


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1 government, or by a person subject to the jurisdic2 tion of a government, with the knowledge and acqui3 escence of that government, of— 

4 (A) advanced conventional weapons; or 

5 (B) goods, services, or technology listed on 

6 the Missile Technology Control Regime Equip7 ment and Technology Annex of June 11, 1996, 

8 and subsequent revisions. 

9 TITLE V—PREVENTION OF 

10 MONEY LAUNDERING FOR 

11 WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUC12 TION 

13 SEC. 501. PREVENTION OF MONEY LAUNDERING FOR 

14 WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION. 

15 Section 5318A(c)(2) of title 31, United States Code, 

16 is amended— 

17 (1) in subparagraph (A)(i), by striking ‘‘or 

18 both,’’ and inserting ‘‘or entities involved in the pro19 liferation of weapons of mass destruction or mis20 siles’’; and 

21 (2) in subparagraph (B)(i), by inserting ‘‘, in22 cluding any money laundering activity by organized 

23 criminal groups, international terrorists, or entities 

24 involved in the proliferation of weapons of mass deVerDate Aug 31 2005 05:12 Sep 30, 2006 Jkt 049196 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3971.IS S3971

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1 struction or missiles’’ before the semicolon at the 

2 end. 

Æ 


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