J - A10032 - 19

NON - PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37 SENETHAVISAY PHANSACKDY

Appellant v. REILLY FOAM CORPORATION

Appellee : : : : : : : : : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF

PENNSYLVANIA

No. 2713 EDA 2018 Appeal from the Order Dated July 26, 2018 In the Court of Co mmon Pleas of Montgomery County

Civil Division at No(s): 2017 - 19519 BEFORE: GANTMAN, P.J.E., LAZARUS, J., and OTT, J. MEMORANDUM BY GANTMAN, P.J.E.: FILED MAY 20 , 2019 Appellant, Senethavisay Phansackdy, appeals from the order entered in the Montgomery County Court of Common Pleas, which granted the motion of Appellee, Reilly Foam Corporation, for judgment on the pleadings. We af firm. In its opinion, the trial court accurately set forth the relevant facts and procedural history of this case. Therefore, we have no reason to restate them. Appellant raises one issue for our review: WHETHER THE TRIAL CO URT ABUSED ITS DISCR ETION AND ERRED AS A MATTER OF LAW BY GRANTING [AP PELLEE’S] MOTION FOR JUDGMENT ON THE PLEADINGS DES PITE [APPELLANT’S] ASSERT ION THAT [APPELLEE] FLAGRANTLY AND INTENTIONALLY ALTERED MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT TO INCREAS E PRODUCTION AT THE EXPENSE OF WORKER SAFETY, AN D PROVIDED NO TRAINI NG OR SAFETY INSTRUCTION T O WORKERS ASSIGNED T O WORK ON THE ALTERED AND D ANGEROUS MACHINERY T HEREBY ASSURING THAT A SERI OUS INJURY WAS LIKELY TO OCCUR, WHICH CONDUCT FAR EXCEEDS THE SCO PE ANDJ - A10032 - 19

- 2 - INTENT OF THE PENNSY LVANIA WORKERS’ COMP ENSATION ACT AS DETERMINED BY THE SUPREME COURT O F PENNSYLVANIA, AND MU ST QUALIFY FOR THE INTENTIONAL TORT EXC EPTION TO EMPLOYER I MMUNITY REGARDLESS OF WHETHE R [APPELLANT’S] INJU RY IS AN AGGRAVATION OF A PRI OR WO RK INJURY OR A NEWLY SUSTAINED INJURY. ( Appellant’s Brief at 3 - 4). After a thorough review of the record, the briefs of the parties, the applicable law, and the well - reasoned opinion of the Honorable Gail Weilheimer, we conclude Appellant’s issue merit s no relief. The trial court opinion comprehensively discuss es and properly dispose s of the question presented. ( See Trial Court Opinion, filed December 17, 2018, at 3 - 7 ) (finding: Appellant’s claims against her employer are barred by exclusivity provision of Pennsylvania Workers’ Compensation Act (“ WCA ”) ; exclusivity provision of WCA does not contain exception for intentional torts; Appellant’s complaint sets forth that Appellee’s conduct was intentional with knowledge that injury suffered by Appellant was likely to result from removal of safety interlock on piece of machinery; nevertheless, exclusivity is triggered where cause of action arises from employee who sustained injury whi le engaged in furtherance of business or affairs of employer; Appellant’s claim of fraudulent misrepresentation also fa ils to pierce exclusivity provision of WCA because Appellant failed to aver that incident at issue aggravated any pre - existing condition ) . Accordingly, we affirm on the basis of the trial court’s opinion. Order affirmed.J - A10032 - 19

- 3 -

Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq. Prothonotary
Date: 5/20/19Circulated 05/09/2019 04:06 PM



### affirm ed
. 2 0 1 7 - 1 9 5 1 9 - 0 0 3 0 O p i n i o n , P a g e 1

F A C TU AL & P R O CE D URAL m s T O RY S u pe ri o r C o urt N o : 2 7 1 3 ED A 2 0 1 8

D e c e mb e r . 

## f � 2 0 1 8 

## O P IN I O N

1 

### Ap pe ll ant o ri gin al l y fi l e d h e r 

### C o mp l aint i n 

### P hi l ad e lp hi a C o unty . 

### On Jun e 1 3 , 2 0 1 7 , th e 

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### tr an s f e rri n g thi s 

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I d
. ) Th e un d erly in g f

a c t s whi c h re s ul t e d in th e i ns tant 

### c i vi l ac ti o n o c c urre d o n Ma y 6 , 2 0 1 5 , in C o mm o n P l e as C o urt N o :

2 0 1 7
- 1 9 5 1 9

M ay 1 , 2 0 1 8
. (

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. ) O n M ay 3 0 , 3 0 1 8 , Ap p e ll ant P h an sac k dy ( " Ap pe ll ant " ) , fi l e d C o mp l a int in C i vi l A c ti o n all e gin g p ro d uc t s l i ab ili ty , b att ery an d Th e 

### i nstant m att er c o mm e n ce d o n D e ce mb e r 2 1 , 2 0 1 6 1 wh en P l ainti ff/E mp l o y ee , S en e th av i s ay

Aft e r th e re l e v ant p l e a di n g s c l o s ed , Ap pe ll e e fi l e d i ts m o ti o n fo r j u d gm e nt o n th e p l e adi n g s o n 

### E agl e vi ll e , M o ntg o m ery 

### C o unty , P e nnsy l v ani a. ( J d
. ) 

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### h er ri ght 

### han d was 

### c ru s h e d
whi l e sh e w as 

### o pe ratin g m ac h in e ry at th e R e ill y F o am f a c ili ty . ( I d
. at 

### 1 10
. ) At th e ti m e o f h er ac c i d ent , th e 

### P l e adin g s . " ( S e e Ord e r , 7 /2 6 / 1 8 ( # 1 8 )
. ) F o r the re as o ns th at fo ll o w , sai d tri al c o urt O rde r s h o ul d be

frau d ul e nt m i s re p re s e ntati o n a g ain st h e r e mp l o y e r , D e f e n d ant/E mp l o y e r R e ill y F o am 

### C o rpo rati o n ( " Ap pe ll e e " )
. (

S e e C o mp l aint , 8 /2 /2 0 1 7 ( # 0 )
. ) 

### RE I L L Y F O AM 

### C O RP O RA TI ON 

### v .

Th e un d erlyi n g P l ainti ff/E mp l o y e e , S e n e th avi say P han sac kdy , in s tantl y a p peal s t o th e S u

peri o r C o urt 

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### e nte re d b y thi s 

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### granti n g Def e n dant ' s M ay 1 , 2 0 1 8 

### " M o ti o n fo r 

### Ju d gm e nt o n WE I L HE I ME R, J
. 

### IN THE C O URT O F C O MM O N P L E AS O F M O N T G O M E R Y C O U NTY , P ENN S YL VANI A C I VI L D M S I O N 

### S ENE THA V I S A Y P HA N S A C KD Y2 0 1 7 - 1 9 5 1 9 - 0 0 3 0 O p i n i o n , P a g e 2



### re p li e d t o s ai d m o t i o n . ( S e e 

### Ap pe ll ant ' s Re spo n s e , 5 / 3 0 / 1 8 ( # 1 4 )
. ) S ub s e qu e ntl y o n Jul y 2 6 , 2 0 1 8 , th e tri al c o urt grant ed Ap pe ll e e ' s 

### m o t i o n . ( S e e O r d e r , 7 /2 6 /1 8 ( # 1 8 )
. ) 

### On Augus t 6 , 2 0 1 8 , Ap pe ll ant 

### fi l ed i ts 

### m o ti o n fo r 

### re c o n s i d e rati o n o f s ai d Jul y 2 6 , 

### 2 0 1 8 Or d e r . 

### ( M o ti o n f o r Rec o n s i d e rati o n , 8 / 6 / 1 8 ( # 1 9 )
. ) Th e 

### tri al c o urt s c h e d ul e d o ral argum e nt o n Ap pe ll ant ' s M o ti o n fo r R eco ns i d erati o n . ( S e e 

### Or d e r , 8 / 1 5 / 1 8 ( # 2 3 ) .)2 O n Au gu s t 2 3 , 2 0 1 8 , Appe ll ant 

### fil ed h e r 

### tim e ly N o ti c e o f Ap p e al fr o m th e tri al c o urt ' s Jul y 2 6 , 2 0 1 8 Or d e r . ( S e e " N o ti c e o f

Ap pe al " , 8 /2 3 / 1 8 ( # 2 4 )
. ) Th e tri al c o urt r e qu ir e d a 

### c l ari fi c ati o n o f th e e rr o rs 

### c o mp l ain e d o f o n a p pe al , an d thus , d ire c t ed 

### Ap pe ll ant to 

### fi l e a C o n c i s e S tat em e nt o f I s s u e s 

### C o mp l ai n ed o fo n Ap peal , wi thi n tw e nty -o n e ( 2 1 ) d ay s , 

### in 

### a c c o rdan c e wi th P a . R
. A
. P
. I 9 2 5 (b )
. ( S e e 

### Ord e r 9 /7

/ l 8 , ( # 2 6 )
. ) On S ep tembe r 2 7 , 2 0 1 8 , Appe ll ant fil e d h e r C o n c i s e 

### S tate m e nt o f I s s ue s 

### Co mp l ain ed o f 

### o n Ap peal in wh e r e in Ap pe ll ant rai se d nin e ( 9 ) i s s ue s . Th e l e g al i s sue s nam e d o n a p pe al c an be s ummarized
as f o ll o ws : I. T HE T RIA L C O URT AB U S E D I TS D I S C RE T I O N A ND E RRE D A S A MATIE R O F L A W IN G RAN T IN G AP P E L L E E ' S M O TI O N F O R 

### JUD G MENT O N THE 

### P L E AD IN G S 2
. TIIE TRIA L C O URT AB U S E D I T S D I S C RE TI O N A ND E RRE D A S A MA TTE R O F L A W IN D E T E RM ININ G THA T AP P E L L ANT , S C L AI M THA T S HE WA S IN JURED A S A RE S UL T O F INTEN TI O NA L T O RT A ND FRAU D U L ENT MI S RE P RE S ENT A TI O N C O MMI TIE D B Y HE R E MP L O YE R I S P RE C L UD E D B Y T HE E X C L U S IV I TY P RO V I S I O N O F TH E P ENN S YL VANIA W O RKE R S ' C O MP EN S A T I O N A C T 3
. THE TRIAL C O URT AB U S E D I T S D I S C RE T I O N AND E RRE D A S A MA TT E R O F L A W IN D E TE RMININ G THA T AP P E L L A N T' S C L A I M TIIA T S HE WA S IN JURE D A S A RE S U L T O F INTENTI O NAL T O RT AND FRAUD UL ENT MI S RE P RE S ENT A TI O N C O MM I TIE D B Y HE R · E MP L O YE R I S P RE C L UD E D B E C AU S E S HE D I D N O T S U S T A IN A N A GO RAVA T I O N O F A P RE- E XI S TIN G C O ND I TI ON 4
. THE T RIA L C O U RT AB U S E D I T S D I S C RE T I O N AND E RRE D A S A MA TIE R O F L A W B Y F AIL IN G T O A C KN O W L E D G E THA T C O U RT S IN O THE R JURI S D I C TI O N S ARO UND THE C O UNTR Y 2 Th e tri al c o urt s ubs e qu e ntl y c an ce ll e d o r al argum e nt afte r 

### re c e i vin g n o ti c e o f a p pe al
. ( S e e Or d e r , 8 /2 9 / 1 8 ( # 2 5 )
. ) 22 0 1 7 - 1 9 5 1 9 - 0 0 3 0 O p i n i o n , P a g e 3



### HA V E HE L D THA T IN TENT I O NAL A C T S ARE N O S U B JE C T T O THE E X C LU S IV ITY P RO VI S I O N S UND E R W O RKE R S C O MP EN S A TI ON ( Ap pe ll ant ' s C o n c i s e S tate m e nt, 9 /2 7 /1 8 ( # 2 8 )
. ) D I S CU S S I O N 

### I
. 

### S TAN DARD O F RE VI E W Th e sco pe an d s tan d ar d o f re vi e w 

### in a p pe al s o f a gr ant o r d e ni al o f a m o t i o n fo r j u d gm e nt o n th e p l e ad i n g s i s 

### w e ll s ettl e d
. Th e S u pe ri o r C o urt a

p p li e s 

### th e s am e stan dar d as th e tri al c o urt an d co nfin e s i t s 

### co ns i d e rati o n t o th e p l e ad in gs an d 

### d oc um e nts p r o perl y 

### atta c h ed th eret o . Ok e k e-H e n ry v. Sw

, A irlin es, 

### C o . , 1 6 3 A
. 3 d 10 1 4 , 10 1 7 ( P a . S u pe r . 2 0 1 7 ) ( c i tat i o n s an d qu o tati o n m ark s o m i tt e d)
. Th e C o urt wi ll 

### re vi e w t o d e t erm i n e wh e th e r th e tri al c o urt ' s 

### a c ti o n re spec ti n g 

### th e m o ti o n fo r j u d gm e nt o n 

### th e p l e a d in g s w as bas e d o n a 

### c l e ar e rro r o f 

### l aw o r wh eth e r th e re w er e f a ct s 

### di s c l o se d b y th e p l e adi n g s whi c h s h o ul d p ro pe rl y g o to the j ury . (

I d
. ) Th e C o urt wi ll affirm 

### th e grant o f 

### j ud gm ent o n th e p l e ad in g s i f 

### th e m o v i n g p arty ' s 

### ri ght t o s u c c eed i s 

### c e rtain an d th e c as e i s so fr ee fr o m 

### d o ub t that 

### tri al w o ul d c l early be a frui t l e s s e x erc i s e . 

### M u n i c ip ality o

f M t. Le b a n o n v. R e lia n c e I

ns . C o . , 7 7 8 A
. 2 d 1 2 2 8 , 1 2 3 1 (P a . S upe r . 2 0 0 1 ) ( c i tati o ns an d qu o tati o n m ark s o m i tt ed)
. II
. THE T RIAL C O U RT D ID N O T E RR A S 

## A MA TT E R O F L A W WHEN 

## IT 

## GRANTE D AP P E L L E E ' S M O T I O N 

### F O R JU D G MENT O N THE 

### P L E A D ING S E ntry o f 

### j u d gm e nt o n 

### th e p l e ad i n g s i s perm i tt ed 

### un d e r P enn s y l v ani a R u l e s o f C i vil P r o c ed

ure 1 0 3 4 , 

### whi c h p ro v i d e s fo r su c h 

### j u d gm e nt a fte r 

### th e p l e ad in g s ar e 

### c l o sed, b ut wi thi n 

### s u c h ti m e as n o t t o 

### d e l ay tri a l
. 

### A m o ti o n fo r j u d gm e nt o n 

### th e p l e adi n g s i s s im il ar to a d e murre r . S e e K e lly v. H a ze lto n G e n . H

os p . , 8 3 7 A
. 2 d , 

### 4 9 0 , 4 9 3 (P a . S u

pe r . 

### 2 0 0 3 )
. I t m ay be e nt ered 

### wh e r e th e re arc n o 

### di s p uted i s su e s o f f act an d th e m o v in g party i s e nti t l e d to j u d gm e nt as a matt e r o f 

### l aw . I n d e t e rmini ng i f 

### th e r e i s a di sp ute as t o f ac ts , th e c o urt must c o nfin e i ts
co n s i d erati o n t o th e p l ead i n g s an d re l e v ant d o cum e nts . C o l e v. L aw re n c e, 7 0 1 A
. 2 d 9 8 7 , 9 8 8 3\=! 2 0 1 7 - 1 9 5 1 9 - 0 0 3 0 O p i n i o n , P a g e 4 � 

# s !; 

### ( P a . S u

per .1 99 7 ) ; s e e a l s o P a . R. C
. P
. 1 0 1 7 ( statin g "p l e adin g s ' ar e li m i te d t o : ( 1 ) 

### a co mp l ai nt an d an

... .!!i O t: t'i' 'I> 

### � � ans w e r th e ret o ; ( 2 ) 

### a r ep ly i f 

### th e an sw er c o ntains n ew m atte r , a co unte rc l a i m o r a cro s s - c l a im ; ( 3 ) 

### a I:! -8 

## 8 

## i co unt er - rep ly i f th e r e p ly t o 

### a c o unte r c l aim o r c r o s s -c l aim 

### n e w matte r ; 

### ( 4 ) a p re l imin ary o b j e c ti o n 

### an d a -c e i i 

### � � r e s po n s e th e r e to . " ) Th e tri al c o urt fo un d th at , as s um i n g al l f ac ts av e rred i n th e p l e adi n gs are tru e ; th e l aw 'I> J2 :E . s; 

# � ! p r e c lud e s 

### r ec o v e ry fro m Ap pe ll e e 

### as Ap pe ll ant f ai l s 

### to 

### stat e a c l ai m 

### fo r whi c h r e li e f 

### m ay be grant e d
. : � � 

# e 8 � § A
. Ap p e ll ant ' s C la i m s ar e B arred b y th e E x c lu s i vi ty P ro v is i o n o f th e W o rk e n ' 5 � C o mp e n s ati o n A c t 

### s a, ' i S jl 

## t Th e trial 

### c o urt granted Ap pe ll e e ' s m o ti o n fi n di n g th at Ap p e l l ant ' s c l ai m s a g ai n st h e r emp l o y e r w ere 

# � ; [ � b arred b y th e e x c lus i v i ty p r o vi s i o n o f 

### 7 7 P
. S
. § 

### 4 8 1 , whi c h p r o v i d e s that th e P enn s y l v an i a W o rk e rs ' 

# � i 

# ! 

# J C o mpe n sati o n A ct ( ' 'th e A c t " ) i s th e e mp l o y ee ' s e x c lu s i v e rem e dy a g ai ns t h e r e mp l o y e r fo r in j uri e s 

# : � � ai sustain ed in th e co urse 

### o femp l o ym ent. t= 8 8 :c, 

### � � Un d e r th e A ct, e mp l o y e r s ar e g en e ral l y immun e fr o m s ui t b y th e ir emp l o y e e s re g ard in g w o rk r e l at ed 

### '.::: .e CD
. E:; f.;: "ii! 0 '€ 

### in j uri e s . I d
. 

### Th e P e nns y l v ani a Le gi s l ature a d o p t ed s a i d A ct t o b al an c e c o mpe tin g po li c y i nt e r e sts be tw een � � 

## � 8 w o rk e rs an d i n d

us try . Th e Le gi s l ature o rd e re d e mp l o y ers t o p r o vi d e c o mpe ns ati o n t o i n j ured e mp l o y e e s 

# t � ( � r e g ard l e ss o f f

aul t p urs uant t o 

### 7 7 P
. S
. § S O I , 

### an d in e x c han g e th e y ar e 

### v e s t e d wi th two 

### i mpo rtant ri ghts : 

## � & r,; 2! 00 15 

### e x c lus i vi ty an d immuni ty fr o m 

### s u i t p urs uant to 

### 7 7 P
. S
. § 

### 4 8 1. T h o m ps o n v. W

o r k e rs ' C o mp . Ap p e al B d. 1:; S � � 

### � 5 (US F& G C o .) , 

### 7 8 1 A
. 2 d 11 4 6 , ( P a . 2 00 1 )
. 

## ... (.) 8 � 1!- f.;;; Th e A c t p ro v i d e s th e fo ll o wi ng de fi ni ti o n s re gard in g " ex c l us i vi ty " o frem e dy r e g ar d i n g th e emp l o y e r !! -g g a, 

# � J an d " in

j ury . " 

# t i § ,u 

### E x c lus iv e n es s o f re m e dy ; 

### a c ti o n s b y 

### an d a g a i n s t th i r d p arty ; co ntn ct 

### i n d e mn i fyi n g th i rd p arty a :S o 'o 

### � � Th e l i ab ili ty o fan e mp l o y e r un d e r thi s ac t s h al l be 

### e x c lus i v e an d in 

### p l a c e o f any an d al l o th e r l i ab ili ty 

# i J t o s u c h e mp l o y e s ( si c ) . . . in any ac ti o n at l aw o r o therwi s e o n a c co unt o fany in j ury 

### o r d e ath
. .. . � Zl i'o � 

### 7 7 P
. S
. 

### § 4 8 1 ( a)
. j
. i!!

.... t: 

### � 1 " I n

j ury , " 

### " p e n o n a l i n

j ury , " an d " i n

j ury aris in g 

### i n th e 

### c o un e o fh i s 

### e mp l o ym e nt " d e ftn ed 

# a � � l � 'a :g e 

# � t � � 4 U: , !.1! !

- Sal � �2 0 1 7 - 1 9 5 1 9 - 0 0 3 0 O p i n i o n , P a g e 5

Th e tenn s " in

j ur y " an d " pe r s onal in

j ury : • as u sed i n thi s ac t , s hal l be c o nstrue d t o m ean an inj ury t o an emp l o y e ( s i c ) , re g ar dl e s s o f hi s p r e vi o u s p hy s i cal c o n d i t i o n , ari s i n g i n th e c o urs e o f hi s emp l o ym e nt an d re l at ed th e re t o .. .. Th e t enn " in j ury ari s i n g i n th e c o urs e o f hi s e mp l o ym ent, " as u s ed 

### in thi s arti c l e , . . . s hal l in c lu d e al l o th e r i nj uri e s s u s tai n ed whi l e 

### th e e mp l o y e 

### ( si c ) i s actual l y 

### en g a g ed in th e furth e ran ce o f

th e b us i n e s s o r aff

ai rs o f th e e mp l o y e r .. . . 7 7 P
. S
. 

### § 4 11 ( 1 )
.
" A s th e abo v e statut o ry l an gu a g e re tl ec t [ s ] , th e f oc u s o f th e e x c lus i v i ty p ro vi s i o n o f th e A c t i s t o li m i t th e li ab ili ty o f

an e mp l o y e r 

### o n ac c o unt o f i n j ury ari s i n g i n th e c o urs e o fth e e mp l o y e e ' s e mp l o ym e nt wi th th e e mp l o y e r . I n o th e r w o rd s , th e e x c lu s i vi ty i s 

### tri g g er ed i f, wh e n th e cau s e o f a c ti o n ari se s , th e p l ai nti ff
w a s an emp l o y e e wh o ' s ustai n e d ' ' in j ury ' whi l e ' ac tual l y e n g a g ed in furth e ran c e o f th e b us in e s s o r aff airs o f th e e mp l o y er . "' M

in t o v . J. B
. H

u n t T ra n s p . , I n c . , 

### '\j I A. 2 d 1 2 8 0 , 1 2 8 4 (P a . S u per . 2 0 0 9 )
. Th e A c t b ars a c ti o ns i n t o rt b y an e mp l o y e e ag ainst h er e mp l o y er , wi th c ertai n li m i ted e x cep ti o n s . 

### H e r s h ey v. N in e ty-F iv e A ss o c . , 6 04 A
. 2 d 

### 1 0 6 8 , 1 0 6 9 (P a. S u pe r , 1 9 92 )
. P e nnsy l v ani a 

### co urts hav e been
e xtre m e l y 

### re lu c tant t o 

### grant W o rk e rs ' C o mpensati o n e x c ep ti o ns , S e e e . g . , K u n ey 11
. P MA I n s ura n c e C

o . , 5 2 5 P a . 1 71 , 5 7 8 A
. 2 d 1 2 8 5 , 1 2 8 6 (P a . 1 99 0 ) ( immuni ty fro m t o rt ac ti o n e xte n ds t o w o rk e r ' s co mpe ns ati o n insur e r d e s p i t e i t s al l e g ed fraud ul ent an d d ece i tfu l c o n d

u c t to d e p ri v e in

j ured e mp l o y ee s o f th e i r w o rk e r ' s c o mpe ns ati o n be n e fi ts ) 

### an d 

### S h a ff e r v. Proc te r & 

### Ga m b le, 6 0 4 A
. 2 d 2 8 9 (P a . S u per . 1 9 9 2 ) (W o rk e r s ' C o mpens ati o n A c t p rec lu ded int enti o n al infl i c ti o n o f e m o ti o nal di s tre s s c l ai m b as ed o n e mp l o y er ' s h aras s m e nt o f i n j ure d emp l o y ee in c o nn ec t i o n wi th tre at in g th e w o rk
- re l at e d inj ury )
. M o re o v er , in Po

y s e r 11
. N ewma n & C

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. 

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p h e l d th e d i sm i s sal o f p l ainti ff' s c l aim s bec au s e th e e x c lus i vi ty p ro vi s i o n o fth e W o rk ers ' C o mpe n s ati o n A c t di d n o t in c lud e an ex cep t i o n fo r int e nti o nal t o rts . 

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b ati o n o f a w o rk
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. Th e e mp l o y e r i nt e nti o nal l y wi thh e l d an d al t e red M arti n ' s b l o od t e st re sul ts , c au s i n g 

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Ap pe ll ant 

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ai l s t o stat e 

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. C O N C L U S I O N 

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a ffi rm ed
. 

### B Y TIIE C O URT :



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## r 1 , 2 0 1 8 , t o : S u peri o r C o urt Pr o th o n o tary C o urt 

### A dmini strati o n - C i vi l Di vi s i o n P l aint i ff C o un se l , B ri an M
. P e ni s , E s q . � C o � v i d R. B ronste in, Esq
. 

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