#### Leila LAPIASHVILI; Maia Batsashvili, Petitioners v. ATTORNEY GENERAL OF The UNITED STATES, Respondent.

No. 06-2969.

United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit.

Submitted Under Third Circuit LAR 34.1(a) on Dec. 10, 2007.

Filed Jan. 8, 2008.

*503Christina L. Harding, Larisa Tenberg, Gallagher, Malloy & Georges, Philadelphia, PA, for Petitioners.

Jonathan Potter, Kevin J. Conway, United States Department of Justice, Office of Immigration Litigation, Washington, DC, for Respondent.

Before: RENDELL and STAPLETON, Circuit Judges, and IRENAS,* District Judge.

*

 Honorable Joseph E. Irenas, Senior Judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey, sitting by designation.

OPINION OF THE COURT

RENDELL, Circuit Judge.

Petitioners Leila Lapiashvili (“Petitioner-Mother”) and Maia Batsashvili (“Petitioner-Daughter”) appeal from the denial of their application for asylum, withholding of removal, and relief under the Convention Against Torture (“CAT”). Petitioners are ethnic Georgians. However, Petitioner-Mother had moved to Abkhazia in 1981 and, thereafter, upon returning to Georgia, was considered a refugee along with Petitioner-Daughter.

Petitioners cite numerous problems they experienced as refugees, including difficulty in obtaining housing and employment. As a result, Petitioner-Mother became involved in politics, fighting for the rights of Georgians who *were*forcibly driven out *of*Abkhazia. Specifically, she became a member of the political party “Roundtable-Free Georgia” and a supporter of Manana Archvadze, the wife of former Georgian President Zviad Gamsakhurdia. She participated in demonstrations in support of the rights of refugees and, in March 2002, during one such demonstration, both Petitioners were thrown into a van and taken to a forest outside of the city where they were kept in the cold with other demonstrators for several hours. The police took their documentation, including their refugee papers, and wrote down their addresses. Only after it became dark did the police let Petitioners go, in a deserted place. They started walking down the road attempting to stop cars for assistance. One of the vehicles traveling in the *504opposite direction from the way in which they were walking stopped and turned around. Unfortunately, it was the very police van that had taken them to the woods earlier. Petitioners were then harassed by two intoxicated police officers, one of whom grabbed Petitioner-Daughter and tried to drag her into the van. Petitioners eventually were able to run away because the assailants were too inebriated to chase them. Petitioners hid in the forest until it became light. Their clothes were torn and dirty, and they were bruised from the encounter with the two police officers. They received visits and letters after this incident warning them not to complain about the police officers’ conduct. Petitioners then met a man named Shota, who initially indicated that he would help them; however, once he learned that they were refugees, he refused to be of any assistance. Petitioners continued to fear that the two policemen would locate them, and they finally obtained passports and visas to the United States to seek asylum. Based on these facts, Petitioners have requested relief in the form of asylum, withholding of removal, and relief under CAT.

The Immigration Judge (“IJ”) determined that Petitioner-Mother was not credible and that, that even if she was credible, Petitioners failed to establish that they suffered past persecution. Specifically, the IJ concluded that the police officers’ conduct that Petitioners characterized as persecution on account of a protected ground was not severe enough to constitute persecution and, furthermore, was the result of lust and inebriation. Furthermore, he found that any threatening letters and visits occurring after the incident were not on account of a protected ground, but, rather, were intimidation efforts.

The IJ also found that Petitioners had failed to demonstrate a well-founded fear of future persecution, in part because their family that remains in Georgia has not suffered any trouble with the police or other harsh consequences. Further, he ruled that, because Petitioners failed to establish eligibility for asylum, they necessarily failed to meet the higher standard for withholding of removal. Finally, the IJ found that Petitioners were not eligible for CAT protection because they had not established that it was more likely than not that they would bé tortured if returned to Georgia.

The Board of Immigration Appeals (“BIA”) dismissed Petitionei's’ appeal. While disagreeing with the IJ’s adverse credibility determination, the BIA nevertheless agreed that Petitioners failed to establish harm that rose to the level of persecution on account of a protected ground.

We review for substantial evidence the factual findings underpinning a determination by the IJ or BIA that an alien is not eligible for asylum, withholding of removal, or protection under CAT. *Ahmed v. Ashcroft,*341 F.3d 214, 216 (3d Cir.2003). These findings must be upheld “unless the evidence not only supports a contrary conclusion, but compels it.” *Id.*

In order to qualify for asylum, an applicant must demonstrate that she suffered past persecution, or has a well-founded fear of future persecution, on account of one of the protected grounds— race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion. G*ao v. Ashcroft,*299 F.3d 266, 271-72 (3d Cir.2002). Here, since the record evidence does not compel us to do so, we will not disturb the agency’s conclusion that the harm Petitioners suffered did not rise to the level of persecution and was not on account of a protected ground, or its conclusion that Petitioners did not demonstrate a well-founded fear of future persecution. Because Petitioners failed to satisfy the lesser standard of *505proof required for asylum eligibility, they necessarily have also failed to demonstrate eligibility for withholding of removal. L*ukwago v. Ashcroft,*329 F.3d 157, 182 (3d Cir.2003)

Further, in order to obtain protection under CAT, the burden upon an alien is to establish that she will be tortured by the government, or with the government’s acquiescence. While no link to a statutorily protected ground is necessary, nonetheless, there must be a showing of substantial *grounds—i.e.,*that it is more likely than not that she will be tortured if returned to the designated country. 8 C.F.R. 208.16(c)(2); *Auguste v. Ridge,*395 F.3d 123, 148-49 (3d Cir.2005). The record is devoid of such a showing.

Therefore, we conclude that substantial evidence supports the IJ’s and the BIA’s decision that the Petitioners did not show that they qualified for asylum, withholding of removal, or relief under CAT.1

Accordingly, the Petition for Review must be DENIED.

1

. The Petitioners also contend that the IJ erred in not admitting documents as to recent developments in Georgia supporting Petitioners’ case because these documents were not submitted in conformance with the applicable ten-day rule. While these documents might bolster the argument that there is ongoing conflict between Abkhazia and Georgia, they are not persuasive as to the specific allegations of persecution and torture vis-a-vis Petitioners, and we therefore conclude that if there was error in this regard, it was harmless.