[Federal Register Volume 79, Number 250 (Wednesday, December 31, 2014)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 78755-78768]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2014-30573]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Parts 52 and 81

[EPA-R07-OAR-2014-0900; FRL-9921-23-Region 7]


Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Attainment 
Redesignation for Missouri Portion of the St. Louis MO-IL Area; 1997 8-
Hour Ozone Standard and Associated Maintenance Plan

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency.

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to 
approve the State of Missouri's request to redesignate the Missouri 
portion of the St. Louis MO-IL nonattainment area, the ``St. Louis 
area'' or ``area'' to attainment for the 1997 8-hour National Ambient 
Air Quality Standards (NAAQS or Standard) for ozone (O<INF>3</INF>). 
The Missouri counties comprising the St. Louis area are Franklin, 
Jefferson, St. Charles, and St. Louis along with the City of St. Louis. 
In addition to the redesignation request, EPA is proposing to approve a 
State Implementation Plan (SIP) revision containing a maintenance plan 
for the O<INF>3</INF> standard for the Missouri portion of the St. 
Louis area. In a separate action published in the Federal Register on 
June 12, 2012, EPA has taken final action to address the Illinois 
portion of the St. Louis area.

DATES: Comments must be received on or before January 30, 2015.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R07-
OAR-2014-0900, by one of the following methods:
    1. www.regulations.gov. Follow the on-line instructions for 
submitting comments.
    2. Email: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#355e5058451b5954565d545954755045541b525a43"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="93f8f6fee3bdfff2f0fbf2fff2d3f6e3f2bdf4fce5">[email protected]</span></a>.
    3. Mail or Hand Delivery or Courier: Ms. Lachala Kemp, 
Environmental Protection Agency, Air Planning and Development Branch, 
Air and Waste Management Division, 11201 Renner Boulevard, Lenexa, 
Kansas 66219.
    Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA-R07-OAR-
2014-0900. EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included 
in the public docket without change and may be made available online at 
http://www.regulations.gov, including any personal information 
provided, unless the comment includes information claimed to be 
Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose 
disclosure is restricted by statute. Do not submit through http://www.regulations.gov or email information that you consider to be CBI or 
otherwise protected. The http://www.regulations.gov Web site is an 
``anonymous access'' system, which means EPA will not know your 
identity or contact information unless you provide it in the body of 
your comment. If you send an email comment directly to EPA without 
going through http://www.regulations.gov, your email address will be 
automatically captured and included as part of the comment that is 
placed in the public docket and made available on the Internet. If you 
submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends that you include your name 
and other contact information in the body of your comment and with any 
disk or CD-ROM you submit. If EPA cannot read your comment due to 
technical difficulties and cannot contact you for clarification, EPA 
may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic files should avoid 
the use of special characters, any form of encryption, and should be 
free of any defects or viruses.
    Docket: All documents in the electronic docket are listed in the 
http://www.regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some 
information is not publicly available, i.e., CBI or other information 
whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such 
as copyrighted material, will be publicly available only in hard copy. 
Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically 
at http://www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the Environmental 
Protection Agency, Air Planning and Development Branch, 11201 Renner 
Boulevard, Lenexa, Kansas 66219. EPA requests that you contact the 
person listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section to 
schedule your inspection. The interested persons wanting to examine 
these documents should make an appointment with the office at least 24 
hours in advance.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. Lachala Kemp, Environmental 
Protection Agency, Air Planning and Development Branch, 11201 Renner 
Boulevard, Lenexa, KS 66219 at (913) 551-7214 or by email at 
<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#f49f919984da9895979c959895b4918495da939b82"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="f79c929a87d99b96949f969b96b7928796d9909881">[email protected]</span></a>.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document whenever ``we,'' 
``us,'' or ``our'' is used, we refer to EPA. This section provides 
additional information by addressing the following:

Table of Contents

I. What action is EPA proposing to take?
II. What is the background for EPA's proposed actions?
III. What are the criteria for redesignation to attainment?
IV. What is EPA's analysis of the state's request?
V. Summary of Proposed Actions
VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

I. What action is EPA proposing to take?

    EPA is proposing to approve actions related to Missouri's request 
to redesignate the St. Louis area to attainment for the 1997 8-hour 
ozone standard. Missouri submitted the first request on November 3, 
2011, and then supplemented and revised their request on April 29, 
2014. In this notice, when EPA refers to Missouri's redesignation 
request, we are referring to both the 2011 and 2014 submissions 
together unless otherwise specified. Today's proposed actions are 
summarized as follows and described in greater detail throughout this 
notice of proposed rulemaking. EPA proposes to approve the 
redesignation request for the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area to 
attainment for the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS, and also proposes 
to approve under section 175A of the Clean Air Act (CAA or Act), 
Missouri's 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS maintenance plan.
    First, EPA proposes to determine that the Missouri portion of the 
St. Louis area has met the requirements for redesignation under section 
107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA. In this action, EPA is proposing to approve a 
request to change the legal designation of Franklin, Jefferson, St. 
Charles, and St. Louis Counties along with the City of St. Louis from 
nonattainment to attainment for the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS.

[[Page 78756]]

    Second, EPA is proposing to approve Missouri's 1997 8-hour ozone 
(O<INF>3</INF>) NAAQS maintenance plan for the Missouri portion of the 
St. Louis area as meeting the requirements of CAA section 175A (such 
approval being one of the CAA criteria for redesignation to attainment 
status). The maintenance plan is designed to keep the St. Louis area in 
attainment of the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS through 2025.

II. What is the background for EPA's proposed actions?

    Ground-level ozone is generally not emitted directly by sources. 
Rather, directly-emitted oxides of nitrogen (NO<INF>X</INF>) and 
volatile organic compounds (VOC) react in the presence of sunlight to 
form ground-level ozone, as a secondary pollutant, along with other 
secondary compounds. NO<INF>X</INF> and VOC are referred to as 
precursors of ozone. Reduction of peak ground-level ozone 
concentrations is typically achieved through controlling of VOC and 
NO<INF>X</INF> emissions.
    On July 18, 1997, EPA promulgated a revised 8-hour ozone NAAQS of 
0.08 parts per million (ppm) (62 FR 38856). Upon promulgation of a new 
or revised NAAQS, the CAA requires EPA to designate as nonattainment 
any area that is violating the NAAQS, based on the three most recent 
years of ambient air quality data at the conclusion of the designation 
process. On April 30, 2004, EPA published a final rule designating and 
classifying areas under the 8-hour ozone NAAQS. (69 FR 23857). These 
designations became effective on June 15, 2004. EPA designated as 
nonattainment any area that was violating the 8-hour ozone NAAQS based 
on the three most recent years of air quality data, 2001-2003.
    The CAA contains two sets of provisions, subpart 1 and subpart 2, 
that address planning and control requirements for nonattainment areas. 
(Both are found in title I, part D, of the CAA; 42 U.S.C. 7501-7509a 
and 7511-7511f, respectively.) Subpart 1 contains general requirements 
for nonattainment areas for any pollutant, including ozone, governed by 
a NAAQS. Subpart 2 provides more specific requirements for ozone 
nonattainment areas.
    Under EPA's implementation rule for the 1997 8-hour ozone standard, 
(69 FR 23951, April 30, 2004), an area was classified under subpart 2 
based on its 8-hour ozone design value (i.e. the three-year average 
annual fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average ozone 
concentration), if it had a 1-hour design value at the time of 
designation at or above 0.121 ppm (the lowest 1-hour design value in 
Table 1 of subpart 2) (69 FR 23954). All other areas were covered under 
subpart 1, based upon their 8-hour design values (69 FR 23958). The St. 
Louis area was designated as a subpart 2, 8-hour ozone moderate 
nonattainment area by EPA on April 30, 2004 (69 FR 23857, 23898, and 
23915), based on air quality monitoring data from 2001-2003 (69 FR 
23860). 40 CFR 50.10 and 40 CFR part 50, appendix I provide that the 8-
hour ozone standard is attained when the three-year average of the 
annual fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentration 
is less than or equal to 0.08 ppm, when rounded. The data completeness 
requirement is met when the average percent of days with valid ambient 
monitoring data is greater than ninety percent, and no single year has 
less than seventy five percent data completeness. See 40 CFR part 50, 
appendix I, 2.3(d).
    In this proposed redesignation, EPA takes into account a number of 
decisions and orders of the D.C. Circuit and Supreme Court of the 
United States regarding the status of EPA's Cross State Air Pollution 
Rule (CSAPR) that impact this proposed redesignation action. The effect 
of those court actions on this rulemaking are discussed in detail in 
Section IV of this notice.

III. What are the criteria for redesignation to attainment?

    The CAA provides the requirements for redesignating a nonattainment 
area to attainment. Specifically, section 107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA 
allows for redesignation provided the following criteria are met: (1) 
The Administrator determines that the area has attained the applicable 
NAAQS, (2) the Administrator has fully approved the applicable 
implementation plan for the area under section 110(k), (3) the 
Administrator determines that the improvement in air quality is due to 
permanent and enforceable reductions in emissions resulting from 
implementation of the applicable SIP and applicable Federal air 
pollutant control regulations and other permanent and enforceable 
reductions, (4) the Administrator has fully approved a maintenance plan 
for the area as meeting the requirements of section 175A, and (5) the 
state containing such area has met all requirements applicable to the 
area under section 110 and part D of title I of the CAA.

IV. What is EPA's analysis of the state's request?

    As stated above, in accordance with the CAA, EPA proposes in 
today's action: (1) To redesignate the Missouri portion of the St. 
Louis to attainment for the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS; and (2) to approve 
the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area's 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> 
maintenance plan. These actions are based upon EPA's determination that 
the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area continues to attain the 1997 
8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS and that all other redesignation criteria 
have been met for the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area. The five 
redesignation criteria provided under CAA section 107(d)(3)(E) are 
discussed in greater detail for the area in the following paragraphs of 
this section.

Criteria (1)--The St. Louis Area Has Attained the 1997 8-Hour O3 NAAQS

    For redesignating a nonattainment area to attainment, the CAA 
requires EPA to determine that the area has attained the applicable 
NAAQS (CAA section 107(d)(3)(E)(i)). EPA is proposing to determine that 
the St. Louis area is attaining the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS.
    For O<INF>3</INF>, an area may be considered to be attaining the 
1997 8-hour ozone if it meets the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS, as 
determined in accordance with 40 CFR 50.10 and appendix I of part 50, 
based on three complete, consecutive calendar years of quality-assured 
air quality monitoring data. To attain this NAAQS, the fourth-highest 
daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentration is less than or equal 
to 0.08 ppm. Based on the rounding convention described in 40 CFR part 
50, appendix I, the standard is attained if the design value \1\ is 
0.084 ppm or below. The relevant data must be collected and quality-
assured in accordance with 40 CFR part 58 and recorded in the EPA Air 
Quality System (AQS) database. The monitors generally should have 
remained at the same location for the duration of the monitoring period 
required for demonstrating attainment.
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    \1\ The design value is the highest three-year average of the 
fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average for all monitors within 
the area.
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    On June 9, 2011, EPA determined that the St. Louis area was 
attaining the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS (76 FR 33647). In that 
action, EPA reviewed O<INF>3</INF> monitoring data from monitoring 
stations in the area for the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS for 2008-
2010. These data have been quality-assured and are recorded in AQS. On 
April 30, 2012, at 77 FR 25363, EPA also finalized a determination that 
the St. Louis area attained the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS by the 
applicable attainment date of June 15, 2010. In addition, EPA has 
reviewed more recent data, which indicates that

[[Page 78757]]

the St. Louis area is currently attaining the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> 
NAAQS. The most recent year available with complete, quality-assured 
and certified ambient air monitoring is 2013, during which the area 
recorded a three year average O<INF>3</INF> concentration of 0.082 ppm. 
As summarized in Table 1 below, the 3-year average of annual arithmetic 
mean concentrations (i.e., design values) for the years 2010, 2011, and 
2013 for the St. Louis area are below the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> 
NAAQS.

                    Table 1--Design Value Concentrations for the Missouri Portion of the St. Louis Area for the 1997 8-Hour O3 NAAQS
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                                                                                                             Annual O3 3-year design values (ppm)
                State                         County                  Monitor           AQS site ID  ---------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                       2008-2010    2009-2011    2010-2012    2011-2013
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Missouri............................  Jefferson.............  Arnold................     29-099-0019        0.072        0.074        0.079        0.076
Missouri............................  St. Charles...........  Orchard Farm..........     29-183-1004        0.074        0.075        0.080        0.078
                                                              West Alton............     29-183-1002        0.077        0.079        0.086        0.082
Missouri............................  St. Louis.............  Maryland Heights......     29-189-0014        0.071        0.075        0.082        0.080
                                                              Pacific...............     29-189-0005        0.065        0.067         0.07        0.074
Missouri............................  St. Louis City........  Blair Street..........     29-510-0085        0.069        0.071        0.079        0.077
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    As discussed above, the design value for an area is the 3-year 
average of the fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average ozone 
concentration recorded at any monitor in the area for a 3-year period. 
Therefore, the 3-year design value for the period on which Missouri 
based its redesignation request (2008-2010) for the St. Louis area is 
0.077 ppm, which meets the NAAQS as described above. Additional details 
can be found in EPA's final clean data determination for the St. Louis 
area (76 FR 33647, June 9, 2011). EPA has reviewed the most recent data 
available, which indicate that the St. Louis area is currently 
attaining the 1997 O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS beyond the submitted 3-year 
attainment period of 2008-2010.\2\ The certified 3-year design value 
for 2011-2013 is 0.082 ppm.\3\ As discussed in more detail below, MDNR 
has committed to continue monitoring in this area in accordance with 40 
CFR part 58.
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    \2\ The 3 year design value for the 2010-2012 period for the St. 
Louis area recorded a violation at 0.086 ppm, but the area has since 
come into attainment.
    \3\ Under EPA's rounding convention described above, the 
standard is attained if the design value is 0.084 ppm or below.
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    EPA proposes to determine that the data submitted by Missouri, as 
well as the data taken from AQS, and additional EPA analysis indicate 
that the St. Louis area is attaining the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> 
NAAQS.

Criteria (2)--The Missouri Portion of the St. Louis Area Has a Fully 
Approved SIP Under Section 110(k) and Criteria (5)--the Area Has Met 
All Applicable Requirements Under Section 110 and Part D

    EPA has determined that Missouri has met all currently applicable 
SIP requirements for purposes of redesignation for the Missouri portion 
of the St. Louis area under section 110 of the CAA (general SIP 
requirements). Additionally, EPA has also determined that the Missouri 
SIP meets all SIP requirements currently applicable for purposes of 
redesignation under part D of title I of the CAA (requirements specific 
to moderate nonattainment areas), in accordance with CAA section 
107(d)(3)(E)(v). In addition, EPA has determined that the Missouri SIP 
has been fully approved with respect to all requirements applicable for 
purposes of redesignation in accordance with CAA section 
107(d)(3)(E)(ii).
    In proposing these determinations, EPA ascertained which 
requirements are applicable to the Missouri portion of the St. Louis 
area and, if applicable, that they are fully approved under section 
110(k) of the CAA. See sections IV. a and b below.
a. The Missouri Portion of the St. Louis Area Has Met All Applicable 
Requirements for Purposes of Redesignation Under Section 110 and Part D 
of the CAA
    General SIP Requirements. Section 110(a)(2) of title I of the CAA 
delineates the general requirements for a SIP, which include 
enforceable emissions limitations and other control measures, means, or 
techniques; provisions for the establishment and operation of 
appropriate devices necessary to collect data on ambient air quality; 
and programs to enforce the limitations. General SIP elements and 
requirements are delineated in section 110(a)(2) of title I, part A of 
the CAA. These requirements include, but are not limited to, the 
following: (1) Submittal of a SIP that has been adopted by the state 
after reasonable public notice and hearing; (2) provisions for 
establishment and operation of appropriate procedures needed to monitor 
ambient air quality; (3) implementation of a source permit program; 
provisions for the implementation of part C requirements (Prevention of 
Significant Deterioration (PSD)); (4) provisions for the implementation 
of part D requirements (Nonattainment New Source Review (NNSR) permit 
programs); (5) provisions for air pollution modeling; and (6) 
provisions for public and local agency participation in planning and 
emission control rule development.
    Section 110(a)(2)(D) requires that SIPs contain certain measures to 
prevent sources in a state from significantly contributing to air 
quality problems in another state. The section 110(a)(2)(D) 
requirements are not linked with a particular nonattainment area's 
designation and classification in that state. The transport SIP 
submittal requirements, where applicable, continue to apply to a state 
regardless of the designation of any one particular area in the state. 
Thus, EPA does not believe that the CAA's interstate transport 
requirements should be construed to be applicable requirements for 
purposes of redesignation.
    In addition, EPA believes other section 110 elements that are 
neither connected with nonattainment plan submissions nor linked with 
an area's attainment status are not applicable requirements for 
purposes of redesignation. The Missouri portion of the area will still 
be subject to these requirements after the area is redesignated. The 
section 110 and part D requirements which are linked with a particular 
area's designation and classification are the relevant measures to 
evaluate in reviewing a redesignation request. This approach is 
consistent with EPA's existing policy on applicability of conformity 
(i.e., for redesignations) and oxygenated fuels requirements, as well 
as with section 184 ozone transport requirements. See Reading, 
Pennsylvania, proposed and

[[Page 78758]]

final rulemakings (61 FR 53174-53176, October 10, 1996), (62 FR 24826, 
May 7, 1997); Cleveland-Akron-Loraine, Ohio, final rulemaking (61 FR 
20458, May 7, 1996); and Tampa, Florida, final rulemaking at (60 FR 
62748, December 7, 1995). See also the discussion on this issue in the 
Cincinnati, Ohio, redesignation (65 FR 37890, June 19, 2000), and in 
the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, redesignation (66 FR 50399, October 19, 
2001).
    Part D Requirements. EPA has determined that Missouri has met all 
currently applicable SIP requirements for purposes of redesignation for 
the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area under part D of the CAA. 
Subpart 1 of part D, found in sections 171-179 of the CAA, sets forth 
the basic nonattainment requirements applicable to all nonattainment 
areas. Subpart 2 of part D, which includes section 182 of the CAA, 
establishes additional specific requirements depending on the area's 
nonattainment classification.
    The St. Louis area was classified as a moderate nonattainment area 
under subpart 2, therefore the state must meet the applicable 
requirements of both subpart 1 and subpart 2 of part D. The applicable 
subpart 1 requirements are contained in sections 172(c)(1)-(9) and in 
section 176. The applicable subpart 2 requirements are contained in 
sections 182(a) and (b) (marginal and moderate nonattainment area 
requirements).
    For purposes of evaluating this redesignation request, the 
applicable part D, subpart 1 SIP requirements for all nonattainment 
areas are contained in sections 172(c)(1)-(9) and in section 176. A 
thorough discussion of the requirements contained in section 172 can be 
found in the General Preamble for Implementation of title I (57 FR 
13498, April 16, 1992).
    Subpart 1 Section 172 Requirements: Section 172(c)(1) requires the 
plans for all nonattainment areas to provide for the implementation of 
all reasonably available control measures(RACM) as expeditiously as 
practicable and to provide for the attainment of the national ambient 
air quality standards. EPA interprets this requirement to impose a duty 
on all nonattainment areas to consider all available control measures 
and to adopt and implement such measures as are reasonably available 
for implementation in each area as components of the area's attainment 
demonstration. Under Section 172, states with nonattainment areas must 
submit plans providing for timely attainment and meeting a variety of 
other requirements. Section 182 of the CAA, found in subpart 2 of part 
D, establishes additional specific requirements depending on the areas 
ozone nonattainment classification. For purposes of evaluating this 
redesignation request, the applicable part D, subpart 2 SIP 
requirements for all moderate nonattainment areas are contained in 
section 182 (b)(1) through (5).
    EPA's longstanding interpretation of the nonattainment planning 
requirements of section 172 is that once an area is attaining the 
NAAQS, those requirements are not ``applicable'' for purposes of CAA 
section 107(d)(3)(E)(ii) and therefore need not be approved into the 
SIP before EPA can redesignate the area. In the 1992 General Preamble 
for Implementation of Title I, EPA set forth its interpretation of 
applicable requirements for purposes of evaluating redesignation 
requests when an area is attaining a standard. See 57 FR 13498, 13564 
(April 16, 1992). EPA noted that the requirements for reasonable 
further progress and other measures designed to provide for attainment 
do not apply in evaluating redesignation requests because those 
nonattainment planning requirements ``have no meaning'' for an area 
that has already attained the standard. Id. This interpretation was 
also set forth in the Calcagni Memorandum (September 4, 1992).\4\ EPA's 
understanding of section 172 also forms the basis of its Clean Data 
Policy, which was articulated with regard to ozone in 40 CFR 51.918, 
and suspends a state's obligation to submit most of the attainment 
planning requirements that would otherwise apply, including an 
attainment demonstration and planning SIPs to provide for reasonable 
further progress (RFP), RACM, and contingency measures under section 
172(c)(9). Courts have upheld EPA's interpretation of section 
172(c)(1)'s ``reasonably available'' control measures and control 
technology as meaning only those controls that advance attainment, 
which precludes the need to require additional measures where an area 
is already attaining. NRDC v. EPA, 571 F.3d 1245, 1252 (D.C. Cir. 
2009); Sierra Club v. EPA, 294 F.3d 155, 162 (D.C. Cir. 2002); Sierra 
Club v. EPA, 314 F.3d 735, 744 (5th Cir. 2002).
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    \4\ John Calcagni, Director Air Quality Management Division (MD-
15), Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. ``Procedures for 
Processing Requests to Redesignate Areas to Attainment'' Memorandum 
to EPA Director, Air, Pesticides, and Toxics Management Division, 
Regions I and IV, Director, Air and Waste Management Division, 
Region II, Director, Air, Radiation and Toxics Division, Region III, 
Director, Air and Radiation Division, Region V, Director, Air, 
Pesticides, and Toxics Division, Director, Air, and Toxics Division, 
Regions VII, VIII, IX, and X, September 4, 1992, (Calcagni 
Memorandum).
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    Therefore, because attainment has been determined in the St. Louis 
Area, no additional measures are needed to provide for attainment, and 
section 172(c)(1) requirements for an attainment demonstration and RACM 
are no longer considered to be applicable for purposes of redesignation 
as long as the Area continues to attain the standard until 
redesignation. The section 172(c)(2) requirement that nonattainment 
plans contain provisions promoting reasonable further progress toward 
attainment is also not relevant for purposes of redesignation because 
EPA has determined that the St. Louis Area has monitored attainment of 
the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS. In addition, because the Area has attained 
the NAAQS and is no longer subject to an RFP requirement, the 
requirement to submit the section 172(c)(9) contingency measures is not 
applicable for purposes of redesignation. Section 172(c)(6) requires 
the SIP to contain control measures necessary to provide for attainment 
of the NAAQS. Because attainment has been reached, no additional 
measures are needed to provide for attainment.
    Sections 172(c)(3) and 182(b)(1) require submission and approval of 
a comprehensive, accurate, and current inventory of actual emissions. 
Section 182(b) references section 182(a) of the CAA which requires, in 
part, that states submit a current inventory of actual emissions (CAA 
Section 182(a)(1)). Missouri submitted a 2002 base-year emissions 
inventory on June 16, 2006, and EPA approved the submission on May 31, 
2007, as meeting the section 172(c)(3) and section 182(b)(1) emissions 
inventory requirement. See 72 FR 30272.
    Section 172(c)(4) of the CAA requires the identification and 
quantification of allowable emissions for major new and modified 
stationary sources in an area, and CAA section 172(c)(5) requires 
source permits for the construction and operation of new and modified 
major stationary sources anywhere in the nonattainment area. EPA has 
determined that, since the PSD requirements will apply after 
redesignation, areas being redesignated need not comply with the 
requirement that a nonattainment NSR program be approved prior to 
redesignation, provided that the area demonstrates maintenance of the 
NAAQS without part D NSR. A more detailed rationale for this view is 
described in a memorandum from Mary Nichols, Assistant Administrator 
for Air and Radiation, dated October 14, 1994, entitled, ``Part D New 
Source Review Requirements for Areas Requesting

[[Page 78759]]

Redesignation to Attainment.'' Nevertheless, Missouri currently has an 
approved NNSR program and Missouri's approved PSD program for the 1997 
8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS will become effective in the Missouri 
portion of the St. Louis area upon redesignation to attainment.
    Section 172(c)(7) of the CAA requires the SIP to meet the 
applicable provisions of CAA section 110(a)(2). As noted previously, we 
believe the Missouri SIP meets the requirements of CAA section 
110(a)(2) that are applicable for purposes of redesignation.
    Subpart 1 Section 176 Conformity Requirements. Section 176(c) of 
the CAA requires states to establish criteria and procedures to ensure 
that Federally supported or funded projects conform to the air quality 
planning goals in the applicable SIP. The requirement to determine 
conformity applies to transportation plans, programs, and projects 
developed, funded or approved under Title 23 of the United States Code 
(U.S.C.) and the Federal Transit Act (transportation conformity) as 
well as to all other Federally supported or funded projects (general 
conformity). State transportation conformity SIP revisions must be 
consistent with Federal conformity regulations relating to 
consultation, enforcement and enforceability which EPA promulgated 
pursuant to its authority under the CAA. EPA approved the most recent 
revisions to the transportation conformity SIP for the Missouri portion 
of the St. Louis area on August 29, 2013 (78 FR 53247).
    Thus, for purposes of redesignating the Missouri portion of the St. 
Louis area to attainment, EPA is proposing that Missouri has satisfied 
all applicable requirements for purposes of redesignation for the St. 
Louis area under CAA section 110 and part D of title I of the CAA.
    Subpart 2 Section 182(a) and (b) Requirements Comprehensive 
Emissions Inventory. Section 182(a)(1) requires the submission of a 
comprehensive emission inventory. As mentioned above, EPA approved 
Missouri's 2002 inventory as meeting the section 182(a)(1) 
comprehensive emissions inventory requirement. See 72 FR 30272. 
Missouri also submitted a 2008 emissions inventory as the base year as 
part of the maintenance plan.
    Emissions Statement. Section 182(a)(3)(B) requires states with 
areas designated nonattainment for the ozone NAAQS to submit a SIP 
revision to require emissions statements to be submitted to the state 
by sources within that nonattainment area. EPA approved Missouri's 
emission statement SIP on May 31, 2007 (72 FR 30272).
    VOC RACT. Section 182(b)(2) requires states with moderate 
nonattainment areas to implement RACT under section 172(c)(1) with 
respect to each of the following: (1) All sources covered by a Control 
Technology Guideline (CTG) documented issued between November 15, 1990, 
and the date of attainment; (2) all sources covered by a CTG issued 
prior to November 15, 1990; and, (3) all other major non-CTG stationary 
sources. With respect to the first category, EPA issued CTGs for five 
source categories in September 2006, three source categories in 
September 2007, and five additional source categories in Sept 2008. 
Areas classified as moderate and above were required to submit VOC RACT 
for the source categories covered by these CTGs, by September 2007, 
September 2008, and September 2009, respectively. Missouri submitted a 
SIP revision on January 17, 2007, with a supplemental revision on June 
1, 2007, and May 8, 2012. EPA approved the VOC RACT rules on January 
23, 2012, (77 FR 3144) and January 6, 2014 (79 FR 580).
    NOX RACT. Section 182(f) establishes NO<INF>X</INF> requirements 
for ozone nonattainment areas. However, it provides that these 
requirements do not apply to an area if the Administrator determines 
that NO<INF>X</INF> reductions would not contribute to attainment of 
the NAAQS. On July 21, 2011, EPA approved a request from Missouri to 
exempt sources of NO<INF>X</INF> in the Missouri portion of the St. 
Louis area from section 182(f) NO<INF>X</INF> RACT requirements. See 76 
FR 43598. Therefore, the state of Missouri need not have fully approved 
NO<INF>X</INF> control measures under section 182(f) for the Missouri 
portion of the St. Louis area to be redesignated to attainment.
    Stage II Vapor Recovery. Originally, the section 182(b)(3) Stage II 
requirements applied to all moderate ozone nonattainment areas. 
However, under section 202(a)(6) of the CAA, 42 U.S.C. 7521(a)(6), the 
requirements of section 182(b)(3) no longer apply in moderate ozone 
nonattainment areas after EPA promulgated the onboard refueling vapor 
recovery standards on April 6, 1994 (59 FR 16262), codified at 40 CFR 
parts 86 (including 86.098-8), 88 and 600. Under implementation rules 
issued in 2002 for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS, EPA retained the Stage 
II-related requirements under section 182(b)(3) as they applied for the 
now-revoked 1-hour ozone NAAQS. See 40 CFR 51.900(f)(5)and 40 CFR 
51.916(a). Therefore, as a moderate ozone nonattainment area for the 
1997 standard, the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area is not 
subject to the Stage 2 vapor recovery program requirements.
    Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance (I/M). Section 182(b)(4) of the 
CAA requires states with areas designated nonattainment for the ozone 
NAAQS to submit SIPs requiring inspection and maintenance of vehicles 
(I/M). EPA approved Missouri's 10 CSR 10-5.380 ``Motor Vehicle 
Emissions Inspection'' rule into the Missouri SIP on May 18, 2000 (65 
FR 31480), and approved an additional revision on May 12, 2003 (68 FR 
25414). Missouri replaced this rule with 10 CSR 10-5.381, ``On-board 
Diagnostics Motor Vehicle Emissions Inspection'', and has been 
implementing the program since 2007. EPA has included in the docket for 
this action the TSD for the proposed approval of 10 CSR 10-5.381, which 
is being addressed in a separate action. The TSD explains in detail the 
projected emissions based on the state-approved I/M program. As 
demonstrated in the TSD, emissions have continued to trend downward 
since the implementation of this program by the State. The TSD further 
explains EPA's basis for proposing approval of 10 CSR 10-5.381 into the 
SIP. If EPA receives comments on that proposal and they impact this 
redesignation request, EPA will address those comments in relation to 
this action as well.\5\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \5\ EPA-R07-OAR-2014-0399.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Thus, for purposes of redesignating the Missouri portion of the St. 
Louis area to attainment, EPA determines that Missouri has satisfied 
all applicable requirements for CAA section 110 and part D of title I 
of the CAA.
    b. The Missouri Portion of the St. Louis Area has a Fully Approved 
Applicable SIP Under Section 110(k) of the CAA.
    EPA has fully approved the state's SIP for the Missouri portion of 
the St. Louis area for the 1997 8-hour ozone nonattainment area under 
section 110(k) of the CAA for all requirements applicable for purposes 
of redesignation. EPA may rely on prior SIP approvals in approving a 
redesignation request (see Calcagni Memorandum at p. 3; Southwestern 
Pennsylvania Growth Alliance v. Browner, 144 F.3d 984, 989-90 (6th Cir. 
1998); Wall v. EPA, 265 F.3d 426(6th Cir. 2001, upholding this 
interpretation)) plus any additional measures it may approve in 
conjunction with a redesignation action (see 68 FR 25426 (May 12, 2003) 
and citations therein). Following passage of the CAA of 1970, Missouri 
has adopted and submitted, and EPA has fully approved at various times, 
provisions addressing the various SIP elements applicable for the 1997 
8-hour ozone NAAQS in the

[[Page 78760]]

St. Louis area (e.g., (72 FR 25975, May 8, 2007) and (76 FR 40619, July 
11, 2011)).

Criteria (3)--The Air Quality Improvement Is Due to Permanent and 
Enforceable Reductions in Emissions Resulting From Implementation of 
the SIP and Applicable Federal Air Pollution Control Regulations and 
Other Permanent and Enforceable Reductions (Section 107(d)(3)(E)(iii)).

    For redesignating a nonattainment area to attainment, section 
107(d)(3)(E)(iii) of the CAA requires EPA to determine that the air 
quality improvement in the area is due to permanent and enforceable 
reductions in emissions resulting from implementation of the SIP and 
applicable Federal air pollution control regulations and other 
permanent and enforceable reductions. EPA proposes to find that 
Missouri has demonstrated that the observed air quality improvement in 
the St. Louis area is due to permanent and enforceable reductions in 
emissions resulting from implementation of the SIP, Federal measures, 
and other state adopted measures discussed below.
    In making this demonstration, MDNR has calculated the change in 
emissions from a nonattainment year inventory to an attainment year 
inventory. For the nonattainment inventory, Missouri developed a 2002 
base year emissions inventory. For the attainment inventory, Missouri 
developed an inventory for 2008, one of the years the St. Louis area 
monitored attainment of the standard. See section b. below for 
discussion on development of these inventories. The reduction in 
emissions and the corresponding improvement in air quality over this 
time period can be attributed to a number of permanent and enforceable 
regulatory control measures that St. Louis and upwind areas have 
implemented in recent years.
a. Permanent and Enforceable Controls Implemented
    The following is a discussion on the permanent and enforceable 
measures that have been implemented in the area. Reductions in VOC and 
NO<INF>X</INF> emissions have occurred statewide and in upwind areas as 
a result of Federal emission control measures, with additional emission 
reductions expected to occur in the future. Federal emission control 
measures include the following:
    Tier 2 vehicle standards and low-sulfur gasoline. These emission 
control requirements result in lower VOC and NO<INF>X</INF> emissions 
from new cars and light duty trucks, including sport utility vehicles. 
The Federal rules were phased in between 2004 and 2009. EPA has 
estimated that, after phasing in the new requirements, new vehicles 
emit less NO<INF>X</INF> in the following percentages: Passenger cars 
(light duty vehicles)--seventy seven percent; light duty trucks, 
minivans, and sports utility vehicles--eighty six percent; and larger 
sports utility vehicles, vans, and heavier trucks--sixty-nine to 
ninety-five percent. VOC emission reductions are expected to range from 
12 to 18 percent. EPA expects fleet wide average emissions to decline 
by similar percentages as new vehicles replace older vehicles. Some of 
these emission reductions occurred by the attainment years (2008-2010) 
and additional emission reductions will occur throughout the 
maintenance period.
    Heavy-duty Diesel Engine Rule. On October 6, 2000, EPA promulgated 
a rule to reduce NO<INF>X</INF> and VOC emissions from heavy-duty 
gasoline and diesel highway vehicles that began to take effect in 2004 
(65 FR 59896). The program should achieve a ninety-five percent 
reduction in NO<INF>X</INF> emission for new engines compared to 
existing engines.
    Tier 4 Non-Road Diesel Engine Rule. Promulgated in 2004, this rule 
is being phased in between 2008 and 2014. This rule will require 
stricter emission standards for nonroad diesel engines. When fully 
implemented, these rules will reduce NO<INF>X</INF> emissions by up to 
ninety percent. Some of these emission reductions occurred by the 
attainment years (2008-2010) and additional emission reductions will 
occur throughout the maintenance period.
    Nonroad Large spark-ignition engines and recreational engines 
standards. The nonroad spark-ignition and recreational engine 
standards, effective in July 2003, regulate NO<INF>X</INF>, and 
hydrocarbons from groups of previously unregulated nonroad engines. 
These engine standards apply to large spark-ignition engines (e.g., 
forklifts and airport ground service equipment), recreational vehicles 
(e.g., off-highway motorcycles and all-terrain-vehicles), and 
recreational marine diesel engines sold in the United States and 
imported after the effective date of these standards.
    When all of the nonroad spark-ignition and recreational engine 
standards are fully implemented, an overall seventy-two percent 
reduction in hydrocarbons and eighty percent reduction in 
NO<INF>X</INF>, emissions are expected by 2020. These controls will 
help reduce ambient concentrations of ozone.
    Furthermore, because ozone concentrations in the St. Louis area are 
likely impacted by the transport of nitrogen oxides, or transport of 
ozone produced downwind from nitrogen oxides, the area's air quality is 
likely affected by regulation of NO<INF>X</INF> emissions from power 
plants in other states. EPA promulgated the NO<INF>X</INF> SIP Call, 
Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) and CSAPR to address NO<INF>X</INF> 
emissions from large electric generating units (EGUs) and certain non-
EGUs across the eastern United States.
    NOX SIP Call. On October 27, 1998 (63 FR 57356), EPA issued the 
NO<INF>X</INF> SIP Call pursuant to the CAA to require 22 states and 
the District of Columbia to reduce NO<INF>X</INF> emissions. Affected 
states were required to comply with Phase I of the SIP Call beginning 
in 2004, and Phase II beginning in 2007. As part of the NO<INF>X</INF> 
SIP Call, the eastern third of Missouri was required to comply with 
Phase II of the program. In response, Missouri developed rules 
governing the control of NO<INF>X</INF> emissions from EGUs, major non-
EGU industrial boilers, major cement kilns, and large internal 
combustion engines. EPA approved Missouri's Phase II NO<INF>X</INF> SIP 
Call rules on August 15, 2006 (71 FR 46860). Implementation of the 
Phase II rules was projected to result in an eighty-two percent 
NO<INF>X</INF> reduction from 1995 levels. Missouri rules which address 
the NO<INF>X</INF> SIP call include:

    <bullet> 10 CSR 10-6.350, Emissions limitations and Emissions 
Trading of Oxides of Nitrogen
    <bullet> 10 CSR 10-6.360, Controlling NOX Emissions From Electric 
Generating Units and Non-Electric Generating Boilers
    <bullet> 10 CSR 10-6.380, Control of NOX Emissions From Portland 
Cement Kilns
    <bullet> 10 CSR 10-6.390, Control of NOX Emissions From Large 
Stationary Internal Combustion Engines

    Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) and the Cross State Air Pollution 
Rule (CSAPR). The Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) was promulgated in 
2005 and required twenty eight eastern states and the District of 
Columbia to significantly reduce emissions of SO<INF>2</INF> and 
NO<INF>X</INF> from electric generating units (EGUs) in order to limit 
the interstate transport of these pollutants and the ozone and fine 
particulate matter these pollutants form in the atmosphere. 70 FR 25162 
(May 12, 2005). In 2008, the D.C. Circuit initially vacated CAIR and 
ordered EPA to replace CAIR in its entirety, North Carolina v. EPA, 531 
F.3d 896 (D.C. Cir. 2008), but ultimately remanded the rule to EPA 
without vacatur in order to preserve the environmental benefits 
provided by CAIR, North Carolina v. EPA, 550 F.3d 1176, 1178 (D.C. Cir. 
2008). On August 8, 2011, acting on the

[[Page 78761]]

Court's remand, EPA promulgated CSAPR in order to replace CAIR and 
address interstate transport of emissions and the resulting secondary 
formation of ozone and fine particulate matter (76 FR 48208).\6\ CSAPR 
requires substantial reductions of SO<INF>2</INF> and NO<INF>X</INF> 
emissions from EGUs in twenty eight states in the eastern United 
States. Implementation of the rule was scheduled to begin on January 1, 
2012, when CSAPR's cap-and-trade programs would have superseded the 
CAIR cap-and-trade programs. However, numerous parties filed petitions 
for review of CSAPR, and on December 30, 2011, the D.C. Circuit issued 
an order staying implementation of CSAPR pending resolution of the 
petitions for review and directing EPA to continue to administer CAIR. 
EME Homer City Generation, L.P. v. EPA, No. 11-1302 (D.C. Cir. Dec. 30, 
2011), ECF No. 1350421 at 2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \6\ CAIR addressed the 1997 p.m.2.5 annual standard and the 1997 
8-hour ozone standard. CSAPR addresses contributions from upwind 
states to downwind nonattainment and maintenance of the 2006 24-hour 
PM<INF>2.5</INF> standard as well as the ozone and PM<INF>2.5</INF> 
NAAQS addressed by CAIR.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On August 21, 2012, the D.C. Circuit issued a decision addressing a 
subset of the issues raised by the petitioners which vacated and 
remanded CSAPR to the Agency and once again ordered continued 
implementation of CAIR. EME Homer City Generation, L.P. v. EPA, 696 
F.3d 7, 38 (D.C. Cir. 2012). The D.C. Circuit subsequently denied EPA's 
petition for rehearing en banc. EME Homer City Generation, L.P. v. EPA, 
No. 11-1302 (D.C. Cir. Jan. 24, 2013), ECF No. 1417012. EPA and other 
parties then petitioned the Supreme Court for a writ of certiorari, and 
the Supreme Court granted the petitions on June 24, 2013. EPA v. EME 
Homer City Generation, L.P., 133 S. Ct. 2857 (2013).
    On April 29, 2014, the Supreme Court reversed the D.C. Circuit's 
decision regarding CSAPR and remanded the case back to the D.C. Circuit 
for further proceedings consistent with its opinion. EPA v. EME Homer 
City Generation, L.P., 134 S. Ct. 1584 (2014). In light of the Supreme 
Court decision, EPA filed a motion asking the D.C. Circuit to lift the 
stay and toll all deadlines in CSAPR by three years, and on October 23, 
2014, the D.C. Circuit granted EPA's motion. EME Homer City Generation, 
L.P. v. EPA, No. 11-1302 (D.C. Cir. Oct. 23, 2014), ECF No. 1518738 at 
3.
    As noted above, CAIR was promulgated in 2005 and incentivized early 
reductions from sources in all covered states, including those upwind 
of the St. Louis area. On December, 14, 2007, EPA approved Missouri's 
CAIR rules into the SIP and the state's CAIR rules became effective in 
2009.(72 FR 71073) With regard to the EGUs located in the Missouri 
portion of the St. Louis nonattainment area, the requirements in CAIR 
were no more stringent than the requirements under the NO<INF>X</INF> 
SIP Call other than the fact that the annual NO<INF>X</INF> emissions 
had to be controlled in addition to ozone season NO<INF>X</INF> 
emissions. The Missouri rule written to comply with the NO<INF>X</INF> 
SIP Call requirements for EGUs was replaced with the CAIR 
NO<INF>X</INF> regulations, 10 CSR 10-6.362, Clean Air Interstate Rule 
Annual NOX Trading program and 10 CSR 10-6.364, Clean Air Interstate 
Rule Seasonal NOX Trading program, and include limits for non-EGU 
boilers, specifically Trigen Units 5 and 6 and Anheuser Busch Unit 6. 
However, these three units have all been retired, and received retired 
unit exemptions that prohibit these units from operating.
    Missouri's redesignation request lists CAIR as a control measure. 
CAIR was thus in place and getting emission reductions in Missouri and 
in states upwind of Missouri when the St. Louis area began monitoring 
attainment of the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS, and the quality-assured, 
certified monitoring data used to demonstrate the area's attainment of 
the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS is therefore impacted by CAIR. Furthermore, 
because ozone concentrations in the St. Louis area are likely impacted 
by the transport of nitrogen oxides, or transport of ozone produced 
downwind from nitrogen oxides, the area's air quality is likely 
affected by regulation of NO<INF>X</INF> emissions from power plants in 
other states.
    Table 2 presents statewide NO<INF>X</INF> EGU emissions data for 
the years 2002 and 2008 for the several states that were found to 
significantly contribute to ambient ozone concentrations in the St. 
Louis area. Emissions for 2008 reflect implementation of CAIR. Table 2 
shows that states contributing to the St. Louis area reduced 
NO<INF>X</INF> emissions from EGUs by thirty nine percent between 2002 
and 2008.

         Table 2--Comparison of 2002, 2008, and 2013 Statewide EGU NOX Emissions Tons Per Year (TPY) for States Impacting the St. Louis Area \7\
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                             EGU CAMD ozone season NOX
                                                          ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          State                                                                  Net change  2002-                     Net change  2008-
                                                              2002  (tons)       2008  (tons)       2008  (tons)       2013  (tons)       2013  (tons)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AR.......................................................             25,662             21,743             -3,920             22,614                871
IL.......................................................            100,374             57,565            -42,808             29,158            -28,407
IN.......................................................            158,379             94,253            -64,126             59,232            -35,021
KY.......................................................            107,953             69,007            -38,946             47,014            -21,994
MI.......................................................             78,343             57,124            -21,219             38,241            -18,883
MO.......................................................             77,389             48,627            -28,762             42,629             -5,997
MS.......................................................             30,583             27,445             -3,139             14,586            -12,859
OH.......................................................            215,907            102,730           -113,176             49,160            -53,571
TN.......................................................             95,012             38,902            -56,110             14,243            -24,659
                                                          ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total................................................            889,602            517,396           -372,206            316,877           -200,520
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    On November 21, 2014, the Administrator signed an action that 
published in the Federal Register on December 3, 2014, (79 FR 71163) 
amending the regulatory text of CSAPR to reflect the Court's October 
23, 2014, order tolling all deadlines in CSAPR by three years, 
including provisions governing the sunsetting of CAIR. CAIR will 
therefore sunset at the end of 2014 and be replaced by CSAPR beginning 
January 1, 2015. Relative to CAIR, CSAPR requires similar or greater 
emission reductions from relevant upwind areas starting in 2015 and

[[Page 78762]]

beyond. See Tables 6 through 8 for area emissions inventory projections 
that incorporate expected EGU emissions reductions from CSAPR within 
Missouri, and Table 9 for EGU emissions projections in states upwind of 
the St. Louis area. The emission reductions associated with CAIR that 
helped the St. Louis area achieve attainment of the 1997 8-hour ozone 
NAAQS can therefore be considered permanent and enforceable for 
purposes of redesignation under section 107(d)(3)(E)(iii) of the CAA.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \7\ EPA CAMD quarterly data: ftp://ftp.epa.gov/dmdnload/emissions/daily/quarterly/.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    State and Local Measures. Missouri has several other state 
regulations that provide permanent and enforceable controls for 
NO<INF>X</INF> and VOC emissions in the St. Louis area. These SIP 
approved rules include:

    <bullet> 10 CSR 10-5.070 ``Open Burning Restrictions''
    <bullet> 10 CSR 10-6.070 ``New Source Performance Regulations''
    <bullet> 10 CSR 10-6.075 ``Maximum Achievable Control Technology 
Regulations''
    <bullet> 10 CSR 10-6.080 ``Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air 
Pollutants''
    <bullet> 10 CSR 10-5.330 ``Control of Emissions from Industrial 
Surface Coating Operations''
    <bullet> 10 CSR 10-5.340 ``Control of Emissions from Rotogravure 
and Flexographic Printing''
    <bullet> 10 CSR 10-5.442 ``Control of Emissions from Lithographic 
Printing Operations''
    <bullet> 10 CSR 10-5.455 ``Control of Emissions from Solvent 
Cleanup Operations''
    Reformulated Gasoline (RFG). In July of 1998, Missouri requested 
that EPA extend the requirement for sale of RFG to St. Louis, Franklin, 
Jefferson, and St. Charles counties and the City of St. Louis in an 
effort to address the St. Louis ozone nonattainment area. On March 3, 
1999 (64 FR 10366), EPA granted this request with compliance required 
by June 1, 1999.
    Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Program. To meet nonattainment 
area requirements for the one-hour ozone standard, Missouri implemented 
an inspection and maintenance program beginning in 2000 in the counties 
of St. Louis, St. Charles, and Jefferson and the City of St. Louis. 
Missouri codified the program through state rule 10 CSR 10-5.380, 
``Motor Vehicle Emissions Inspection,'' and EPA approved an additional 
revision to this rule on May 12, 2003 (68 FR 25414). The program was 
established to address ozone formation and reduce NO<INF>X</INF> and 
VOC emissions in the area. The mobile source emissions inventory 
projections used in this demonstration incorporate a new inspection and 
maintenance program rule, 10 CSR 10-5.381, which replaces the 10-5.380 
rule. The State has implemented 10 CSR 10-5.381 since 2007. EPA has 
included in the docket for this action the TSD for the proposed 
approval of 10 CSR 10-5.381, which is being proposed for approval in a 
separate action.\8\ The TSD explains in detail the projected emissions 
based on the state-approved I/M program. As demonstrated in the TSD, 
emissions have continued to trend downward since the implementation of 
this program by the State. The TSD further explains EPA's basis for 
proposing approve of 10 CSR 10-5.381 into the SIP. If EPA receives 
comments on that proposal and they impact this redesignation request, 
EPA will address those comments in relation to this action as well.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \8\ EPA-R07-OAR-2014-0399.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

b. Emission Reductions
    Missouri is using the 2002 comprehensive emissions inventory 
submitted to EPA's National Emissions Inventory (NEI) to meet the 
requirement of section 172(c)(3) of the CAA as the nonattainment base 
year inventory. MDNR's inventory contains NO<INF>X</INF> and VOC 
emissions for point, area, nonroad and onroad sources and was EPA 
approved May 31, 2007, (http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2007-05-31/html/E7-10231.htm).
    The St. Louis area attained the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS 
based on monitoring data for the 3-year period from 2008-2010. MDNR has 
selected 2008 as the attainment emission inventory year. The attainment 
inventory identifies a level of NO<INF>X</INF> and VOC emissions in the 
area that is sufficient to attain the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS. 
Missouri prepared a comprehensive 2008 emissions inventory to use as 
the attainment year inventory. Point source ozone season day emissions 
were calculated on the Emissions Inventory Questionnaire of actual 
emissions or EIQ form 2.0Z, Ozone Season Information. Area ozone season 
day emissions were calculated from Emissions Modeling Clearinghouse 
(EMCH) temporal allocation profiles that are Source Classification 
Codes (SCC)-specific. Ozone season day emissions are typical of a 
Tuesday in July. Nonroad emissions were generated using EPA's NONROAD 
model and onroad attainment year inventories originated from EPA's 
mobile model, Mobile6.2. For more information on EPA's analysis of the 
2002 and 2008 emissions inventory, see EPA's TSD dated October 28, 
2014, or appendix A, B, and E of the state submittal, available on line 
at www.regulations.gov, Docket ID No. EPA-OAR-R07-2014-0900.
    Using the inventories described above Missouri has documented 
changes in emissions from 2002 to 2008 for the St. Louis area as shown 
in tables below. Table 5 demonstrates that the entire St. Louis area 
has reduced emissions during the period except as described below.

 Table 3--2002 VOC and NOX Emissions for the Missouri Portion of the St.
                  Louis Nonattainment Area Tons Per Day
                                  [tpd]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Source category                  VOC                NOX
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point Sources.....................               32.7              127.2
Area Sources......................               71.3               19.4
On-Road Mobile Sources............               68.1              159.0
Non-Road Mobile Sources...........               47.0               60.7
                                   -------------------------------------
    Totals........................              219.1              366.3
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 78763]]


 Table 4--2008 VOC and NOX Emissions for the Missouri Portion of the St.
                        Louis Nonattainment Area
                                  [tpd]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Source category                  VOC                NOX
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point Sources.....................               18.0               88.8
Area Sources......................               99.5                6.5
On-Road Mobile Sources............               57.9               96.2
Non-Road Mobile Sources...........               45.2               53.6
                                   -------------------------------------
    Totals........................              220.5              245.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------


   Table 5--Comparison of 2002 and 2008 VOC and NOX Emissions for the
            Missouri Side of the St. Louis Nonattainment Area
                                  [tpd]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Source category                  VOC                NOX
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point Sources.....................              -14.7              -38.4
Area Sources......................              +28.2              -12.9
On-Road Mobile Sources............              -10.2              -68.2
Non-Road Mobile Sources...........               -1.8               -7.1
                                   -------------------------------------
    Totals........................               +1.4             -121.1
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Note: A negative value indicates a projected decrease in emissions
  from 2008 to 2025.
A positive value indicates a projected increase in emissions from 2008
  to 2025.

    As indicated in the table 5, NO<INF>X</INF> emissions decreased by 
121 tpd which is a thirty three percent reduction. Total VOC emissions 
remained relatively stable with a slight increase of less than one 
percent or 1.4 tpd. MDNR determined that the VOC increase is due to a 
change in the reporting of small, non-Title-V-permitted sources from 
the point category in 2002 to the nonpoint category in 2008, as well as 
numerous changes in the area source estimation methodologies and 
emission factors. The substantial reduction in NO<INF>X</INF> emissions 
between 2002 and 2008, along with other regional controls have resulted 
in the improved monitored ground-level ozone concentrations in the St. 
Louis nonattainment area attributable to the 1997 ozone NAAQS 
compliance.
    Based on the information summarized above, and information provided 
in EPA's technical support document, which is a part of this docket, 
Missouri has adequately demonstrated that the improvement in air 
quality is due to permanent and enforceable emissions reductions.

Criteria (4)--The Area Has a Fully Approved Maintenance Plan Pursuant 
to Section 175A of the CAA (Section 107(d)(3)(E)(iv))

    In conjunction with its request to redesignate the St. Louis area 
to attainment for the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS, MDNR submitted a 
SIP revision on November 1, 2011, supplemented on April 29, 2014, and 
further clarified on September 17, 2014, to provide for the maintenance 
of the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS for at least ten years after the 
effective date of redesignation to attainment. EPA believes this 
maintenance plan meets the requirements for approval under section 175A 
of the CAA.
a. Maintenance Plan Requirements
    Section 175A of the CAA sets forth the elements of a maintenance 
plan for areas seeking redesignation from nonattainment to attainment. 
Under section 175A, the plan must demonstrate continued attainment of 
the applicable NAAQS for at least ten years after the Administrator 
approves a redesignation to attainment. Eight years after the 
redesignation, MDNR must submit a revised maintenance plan 
demonstrating that attainment will continue to be maintained for the 
ten years following the initial ten-year period, if applicable. To 
address the possibility of future NAAQS violations, the maintenance 
plan must contain such contingency measures, as EPA deems necessary, to 
assure prompt correction of any future 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS 
violations. The Calcagni Memorandum provides further guidance on the 
content of a maintenance plan, explaining that a maintenance plan 
should address five requirements: (1) The attainment emissions 
inventory, (2) a maintenance demonstration, (3) a commitment to 
maintain the existing monitoring network, (4) verification of continued 
attainment, and (5) a contingency plan to plan or prevent or correct 
future violations. As discussed below, EPA is proposing that MDNR's 
maintenance plan includes all the necessary components and is thus 
proposing to approve it as a revision to the Missouri SIP.
b. Maintenance Plan Base Year Inventory
    As discussed previously, the 2008 inventory used for the year of 
attainment is called the Attainment Year Inventory. It is also referred 
to as the Maintenance Plan Base Year Inventory and becomes the 
inventory future years will be compared to in order to show 
maintenance. However, MDNR created a different 2008 onroad inventory 
for the comparison to future years in the maintenance plan. As 
explained previously, for the 2008 onroad attainment inventory, MDNR 
used NEI data which was developed using Mobile6.2 to compare with the 
2002 nonattainment base year. A second 2008 onroad inventory was 
developed utilizing MOVES to establish a maintenance base year for 
comparison to the future 2017 and 2025 MOVES based future year 
inventories. This allows for a smooth transition to the updated model 
and to prevent comparing a MOVES version of 2008 attainment year with 
the MOBILE6 version of the 2002 nonattainment base year inventory. 
Therefore, the 2008 onroad mobile source inventory used for supporting 
maintenance was developed using the most current version of EPA's 
highway mobile source emissions model MOVES2010a.

[[Page 78764]]

    Emissions projections to support maintenance through 2025 have been 
prepared for the years 2017 and 2025, which is at the ten-year interval 
required in section 175(A) of the CAA.
    EPA has reviewed the documentation provided by MDNR and found the 
emissions inventory to be acceptable. For more information on EPA's 
analysis of the 2008 emissions inventory, see EPA's TSD dated October 
28, 2014, or appendix B and E of the state submittal, available on line 
at www.regulations.gov, Docket ID No. EPA-OAR-R07-2014-0900.
c. Maintenance Demonstration
    Section 175A requires a state seeking redesignation to attainment 
to submit a SIP revision to provide for the maintenance of the NAAQS in 
the Area ``for at least 10 years after the redesignation.'' EPA has 
interpreted this as a showing of maintenance ``for a period of ten 
years following redesignation.'' Calcagni Memorandum, p. 9. Where the 
emissions inventory method of showing maintenance is used, the purpose 
is to show that emissions during the maintenance period will not 
increase over the attainment year inventory. Calcagni Memorandum, pp. 
9-10.
    As discussed in detail in the subsection below, Missouri's 
maintenance plan submission demonstrates that the area's emissions 
inventories will remain below the attainment year inventories through 
2025. For a demonstration of maintenance, emissions inventories are 
required to be projected to future dates to assess the influence of 
future growth and controls; however, the maintenance demonstration need 
not be based on air quality modeling. See Wall v. EPA, 265 F.3d 426 
(6th Cir.2001); Sierra Club v. EPA, 375 F. 3d 537 [(7th Cir.2004)]. See 
also 66 FR 53099-53100; 68 FR 25430-25432. MDNR uses projection 
inventories to show that the area will remain in attainment. MDNR 
developed projection inventories for an interim year of 2017 and a 
maintenance plan end year of 2025 to show that future emissions of 
NO<INF>X</INF> and VOC will remain at or below the attainment year 2008 
emissions levels in the St. Louis area through the year 2025. In light 
of more recent information on CSAPR, Missouri submitted on September 
17, 2014, a revision that updated their future year projections for EGU 
facilities using the presumption that CSAPR will be in place to control 
emissions from sources. Non-EGU Point source and nonpoint sources were 
developed using growth factors created from the EGAS model (http://www.epa.gov/ttnecas1/egas5.htm) using economic growth projections from 
the Policy Insight[supreg] Model for Regional Economic Model, Inc. 
(REMI) to project the future year inventory. EPA's Nonroad Model and 
EPA's onroad mobile model, MOVES, were utilized to project mobile 
source future inventories.
    EPA has reviewed the documentation provided by MDNR and found the 
methodologies acceptable. Tables 6 and 7 below show the inventories for 
the 2008 attainment year, 2017 interim year, and the 2025 maintenance 
plan end year for the Missouri portion of the area.

        Table 6--Actual and Projected Annual NOX Emissions for the Missouri Portion of the St. Louis Area
                                                      [tpd]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Source category                             2008               2017               2025
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point Sources..........................................              88.84              87.01              89.81
Area Sources...........................................               6.52               6.68               6.85
On-Road Mobile Sources.................................             160.38              62.32              41.66
Off-Road Mobile Sources................................              60.85              35.53              29.44
                                                        --------------------------------------------------------
    Totals.............................................             316.59             191.54             167.76
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


        Table 7--Actual and Projected Annual VOC Emissions for the Missouri Portion of the St. Louis Area
                                                      [tpd]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Source category                             2008               2017               2025
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point Sources..........................................               18.0              22.82              28.01
Area Sources...........................................              98.74             115.85             130.91
On-Road Mobile Sources.................................              58.53              27.51              20.15
Off-Road Mobile Sources................................              46.44              28.88              28.17
                                                        --------------------------------------------------------
    Totals.............................................             221.71             195.06             207.24
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


    Table 8--Comparison of 2008 and 2025 NOX and VOC Emissions for the Missouri Portion of the St. Louis Area
                                                      [tpd]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                     Source category                              NOX                VOC
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point Sources............................................              +0.97             +10.01
Area Sources.............................................              +0.33             +31.44
On-Road Mobile Sources...................................            -119.59             -40.71
Off-Road Mobile Sources..................................             -24.17             -16.99
                                                          ------------------------------------------------------
    Totals...............................................            -148.83             -14.47
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Note: A negative value indicates a projected decrease in emissions from 2008 to 2025.
A positive value indicates a projected increase in emissions from 2008 to 2025.


[[Page 78765]]

    Table 8 above shows between 2008 and 2025, the area is projected to 
reduce NO<INF>X</INF> emissions by 148.83 tpd, and VOC emissions by 
14.47 tpd. Thus, the projected emissions inventories show that the area 
will continue to maintain the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS during 
the 10 year maintenance period.
    As discussed in detail above, the state's maintenance plan 
submission demonstrates that the area's emission inventories will 
remain below the attainment year inventories through at least 2025. In 
addition, for the reasons set forth below, EPA believes that the 
state's submission, in conjunction with additional supporting 
information, further demonstrates that the area will continue to 
maintain the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS at least through 2025.
    Maintenance of the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> standard in the area 
is a function of regional as well as local emissions trends. The 
regional impacts are dominated by the impacts of NO<INF>X</INF> 
emissions. As discussed above, CAIR resulted in substantial 
NO<INF>X</INF> emission reductions for the area, and beginning in 2015, 
CSAPR will replace CAIR. CSAPR establishes emissions budgets for the 
total emissions that may be emitted annually from EGUs in each covered 
state.\9\ Table 9 below shows that for states significantly 
contributing to ozone concentrations that actual EGU emissions in 2013 
under CAIR, as well as Phase I budgets and Phase II assurance levels 
under CSAPR, are well below the level of actual EGU emissions in those 
same states during the attainment year of 2008. EPA therefore believes 
that with CSAPR in place, regional emissions will not affect 
maintenance of the 1997 8-hour ozone standard for the St. Louis area.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \9\ CSAPR's assurance provisions and associated penalties will 
take effect January 1, 2017. See EPA interim final rule published 
December 3, 2014 79 FR 71663. EPA does not expect states' emissions 
under CSAPR's Phase 1 budgets, which will apply in 2015 and 2016, to 
exceed what would have been their Phase 1 assurance levels under 
CSAPR's originally planned implementation schedule, because in the 
aggregate, state emissions are already meeting the Phase 1 budgets. 
See EPA Motion to Lift the Stay Entered on December 30, 2011, EME 
Homer City Generation, L.P. v. EPA, Case No. 11-1302 (filed June 26, 
2014), ECF No. 1499505, Attachment at 9-15. See also 77 FR 10324, 
10330-32 (February 21, 2012) (discussing EPA's rationale for 
revising effective date of assurance provisions).

Table 9--Comparison of 2008 and 2013 Statewide EGU Ozone Season NOX Emissions with CSAPR 2015 Phase I Budget and
              2017 Phase II Assurance Levels (TPY) From States That Impact the St. Louis Area \10\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                               CSAPR 2017  Phase
                State                  Attainment year          2013        CSAPR 2015  Phase    II  assurance
                                             2008                               I  budget            level
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AR..................................             21,743             22,614             15,110             18,283
IL..................................             57,565             29,158             21,208             21,662
IN..................................             94,253             59,232             46,876             55,872
KY..................................             69,007             47,014             36,167             39,536
MI..................................             57,124             38,241             28,041             32,536
MO..................................             48,627             42,629             22,788             25,530
MS..................................             27,445             14,586             12,429             15,039
OH..................................            102,730             49,160             41,284             47,206
TN..................................             38,902             14,243             14,908              9,699
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    EPA's proposed approval is based on a showing, in accordance with 
CAA section 175A, that Missouri's submittal demonstrates that the area 
can maintain through 2025.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \10\ http://www.epa.gov/airtransport/CSAPR/pdfs/OzoneSeasonNOx.xls.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

d. Monitoring Network
    There is an extensive monitoring network measuring O<INF>3</INF> in 
the St. Louis area. MDNR has committed to continue operation of the 
network in the area in compliance with 40 CFR part 58 and have thus 
addressed the requirement for monitoring. EPA approved Missouri's 2013 
monitoring plan on November 22, 2013. http://www.epa.gov/region7/air/quality/quality.htm.
e. Verification of Continued Attainment
    MDNR has the legal authority to enforce and implement the 
requirements of the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area 1997 8-hour 
O<INF>3</INF> maintenance plan. This includes the authority to adopt, 
implement and enforce any subsequent emissions control contingency 
measures determined to be necessary to correct future O<INF>3</INF> 
attainment problems.
    MDNR will track the progress of the maintenance plan by performing 
future reviews of triennial emission inventories for the St. Louis area 
as required in the Air Emissions Reporting Rule (AERR). For these 
periodic inventories, MDNR will review the assumptions made for the 
purpose of the maintenance demonstration concerning projected growth of 
activity levels.
f. Contingency Measures in the Maintenance Plan
    Section 175A of the CAA requires that a maintenance plan include 
such contingency measures as EPA deems necessary to assure that the 
state will promptly correct a violation of the NAAQS that occurs after 
redesignation. The maintenance plan should identify the contingency 
measures to be adopted, a schedule and procedure for adoption and 
implementation, and a time limit for action by the state. A state 
should also identify specific indicators to be used to determine when 
the contingency measures need to be implemented. The maintenance plan 
must include a requirement that a state will implement all measures 
with respect to control of the pollutant that were contained in the SIP 
before redesignation of the area to attainment in accordance with 
section 175A(d).
    The contingency plan included in the submittal includes a 
triggering mechanism to determine when contingency measures are needed 
and a process of developing and implementing appropriate control 
measures. MDNR will use actual ambient monitoring data as the 
triggering event to determine when contingency measures should be 
implemented.
    Missouri has identified two different levels of corrective 
responses should the 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> level exceed the NAAQS in any 
year. A level I trigger occurs when the fourth highest 8-hour ozone 
concentration exceeds 84 ppb in any year at any monitoring station in 
the nonattainment area as described in the state's submittal for the 
St. Louis area.
    MDNR will evaluate a level I condition, if it occurs, as 
expeditiously as practicable to determine the causes of

[[Page 78766]]

the ambient O<INF>3</INF> increase. If adverse emission trends are 
likely to continue, MDNR will first evaluate and subsequently adopt and 
implement control measures, taking into consideration the ease of 
implementation and the technical and economic feasibility of selected 
measures, as outlined in the state's plan no later than twenty four 
months after quality-assured ambient data has been entered into EPA's 
AQS database indicating a level I trigger.
    A level II trigger is activated when any violation of the 8-hour 
O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS at any Federal reference method monitor in the St. 
Louis maintenance area is recorded, based on quality-assured monitoring 
data. In this event, MDNR will conduct a comprehensive study to 
determine the cause of the violation within six months of the 
triggering event. Selected measures will be implemented as 
expeditiously as practicable, taking into consideration the ease of 
implementation and the technical and economic feasibility of selected 
measures, as outlined in the state's plan no later than twenty four 
months after quality-assured ambient data has been entered into EPA's 
AQS database indicating a level II trigger.
    The comprehensive measures will be selected from the following 
types of measures, as further detailed in the state's submission, or 
from any other measure deemed appropriate and effective at the time the 
selection is made by MDNR:
    <bullet> Controls for local individual sources with significant 
effects on the monitored violation;
    <bullet> Revisions to current rules that control NO<INF>X</INF> and 
VOC emissions such as lowering limits and applicability thresholds of 
current rules; and
    <bullet> Establishing new rules that control NO<INF>X</INF> and VOC 
emissions.
    In addition to the triggers indicated above, Missouri commits to 
compiling and monitoring O<INF>3</INF> inventories for the Missouri 
portion of the area every three years throughout the duration of the 
maintenance period to facilitate the emissions trends analysis included 
in the contingency plan under levels I and II.
    EPA has concluded that the maintenance plan adequately addresses 
the five basic components of a maintenance plan: Attainment emission 
inventory, maintenance demonstration, monitoring network, verification 
of continued attainment, and a contingency plan. Therefore, EPA 
proposes to find that the maintenance plan SIP revision submitted by 
MDNR for the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area meets the 
requirements of section 175A of the CAA and is approvable.
g. Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets for Transportation Conformity 
Purposes
    Generally, maintenance plans establish motor vehicle emissions 
budgets for the last year of the maintenance plan, at a minimum (40 CFR 
93.118(b)(2)(i)). However, Missouri did not include motor vehicle 
emissions budgets for the last year of this maintenance plan because 
EPA revoked the 1997 ozone NAAQS for transportation conformity purposes 
on May 21, 2012 and, therefore, the area is not required to demonstrate 
conformity for the 1997 ozone NAAQS. (77 FR 30167) EPA notes that 
Missouri has submitted motor vehicle emissions budgets for the 2008 
ozone NAAQS. Those budgets will become applicable when either EPA 
completes the adequacy process that was started on October 4, 2013, or 
approves these budgets, whichever occurs earlier.
    In addition, the state submission has met the public notice 
requirements for SIP submissions in accordance with 40 CFR 51.102. The 
submission also satisfied the completeness criteria of 40 CFR part 51, 
appendix V. As explained above and in more detail in the technical 
support document which is part of this document, the revision meets the 
substantive SIP requirements of the CAA, including section 110 and 
implementing regulations.

V. Summary of Proposed Actions

    EPA is proposing several actions regarding the area's redesignation 
and maintenance of the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS. We are 
processing this as a proposed action because we are soliciting 
comments. First, EPA is proposing to determine, based on complete, 
quality-assured and certified monitoring data for the 2008-2010 
monitoring period, and after review of all available data in AQS, that 
the St. Louis area is currently attaining the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> 
NAAQS. EPA is also proposing to determine that the St. Louis area has 
met the criteria under CAA section 107(d)(3)(E) for redesignation from 
nonattainment to attainment for the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS, as 
discussed in more detail above in section IV. Therefore, EPA is 
proposing to approve Missouri's request to redesignate the St. Louis 
Area and change the legal designation of Franklin, Jefferson, St. 
Charles, and St. Louis Counties along with the City of St. Louis from 
nonattainment to attainment for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS.
    Second, EPA is proposing to approve the maintenance plan for the 
St. Louis area. The maintenance plan demonstrates that the area will 
continue to maintain the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS.
    If finalized, approval of the redesignation request would change 
the official designation of the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area 
for the 1997 8-hour O<INF>3</INF> NAAQS, found at 40 CFR part 81, from 
nonattainment to attainment.

VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993), this 
action is not a ``significant regulatory action'' and therefore is not 
subject to review under Executive Orders 12866 and 13563 (76 FR 3821, 
January 21, 2011). This action is also not subject to Executive Order 
13211, ``Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect 
Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use'' (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001). This 
action merely approves state law as meeting Federal requirements and 
imposes no additional requirements beyond those imposed by state law. 
Accordingly, the Administrator certifies that this rulemaking will not 
have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small 
entities under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.). 
Because this rulemaking would approve pre-existing requirements under 
state law and does not impose any additional enforceable duty beyond 
that required by state law, it does not contain any unfunded mandate or 
significantly or uniquely affect small governments, as described in the 
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4).
    This rulemaking also does not have tribal implications because it 
will not have a substantial direct effect on one or more Indian tribes, 
on the relationship between the Federal Government and Indian tribes, 
or on the distribution of power and responsibilities between the 
Federal Government and Indian tribes, as specified by Executive Order 
13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000). This action also does not have 
Federalism implications because it does not have substantial direct 
effects on the States, on the relationship between the national 
government and the States, or on the distribution of power and 
responsibilities among the various levels of government, as specified 
in Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999). Thus Executive 
Order 13132 does not apply to this action. This action merely approves 
a state rule implementing a Federal standard, and does not alter the 
relationship or the distribution of power and responsibilities 
established in the CAA. This rulemaking also is not subject to

[[Page 78767]]

Executive Order 13045, ``Protection of Children from Environmental 
Health Risks and Safety Risks'' (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997) because 
it approves a state rule implementing a Federal standard.
    In reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve state 
choices, provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. In this 
context, in the absence of a prior existing requirement for the State 
to use voluntary consensus standards (VCS), EPA has no authority to 
disapprove a state submission for failure to use VCS. It would thus be 
inconsistent with applicable law for EPA when it reviews a state 
submission, to use VCS in place of a state submission that otherwise 
satisfies the provisions of the CAA. Thus, the requirements of section 
12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 
(15 U.S.C. 272 note) do not apply. This action does not impose an 
information collection burden under the provisions of the Paperwork 
Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). Burden is defined at 5 
CFR 1320.3(b).
    The Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the 
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, generally 
provides that before a rule may take effect, the agency promulgating 
the rule must submit a rule report, which includes a copy of the rule, 
to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of the 
United States. EPA will submit a report containing this proposed rule 
and other required information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of 
Representatives, and the Comptroller General of the United States prior 
to publication of the rule in the Federal Register. A major rule cannot 
take effect until 60 days after it is published in the Federal 
Register. This action is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C. 
804(2).
    Under section 307(b)(1) of the CAA, petitions for judicial review 
of this action must be filed in the United States Court of Appeals for 
the appropriate circuit by March 2, 2015. Filing a petition for 
reconsideration by the Administrator of this proposed rule does not 
affect the finality of this rulemaking for the purposes of judicial 
review nor does it extend the time within which a petition for judicial 
review may be filed, and shall not postpone the effectiveness of such 
future rule or action.

List of Subjects

40 CFR Part 52

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by 
reference, Intergovernmental relations, Nitrogen Oxides, Ozone, 
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Volatile organic compounds.

 40 CFR Part 81

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control.

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

    Dated: December 19, 2014.
Karl Brooks,
Regional Administrator, Region 7.

    For the reasons stated in the preamble, the Environmental 
Protection Agency proposes to amend 40 CFR parts 52 and 81 as set forth 
below:

PART 52--APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS

0
1. The authority citation for part 52 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

Subpart AA--Missouri

0
2. Section 52.1342 is amended by adding paragraph (c) to read as 
follows:


Sec.  52.1342  Control strategy: Ozone.

* * * * *
    (c) On November 3, 2011, and April 29, 2014, Missouri submitted 
requests to redesignate the Missouri portion of the St. Louis MO-IL 
area to attainment of the 1997 8-hour ozone standard. The Missouri 
portion of the St. Louis MO-IL area includes Jefferson, Franklin, St. 
Charles, and St. Louis Counties along with the City of St. Louis. As 
part of the redesignation request, the State submitted a plan for 
maintaining the 1997 8-hour ozone standard through 2025 in the area as 
required by Section 175A of the Clean Air Act.

PART 81--DESIGNATION OF AREAS FOR AIR QUALITY PLANNING PURPOSES

0
3. The authority citation for part 81 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

Subpart C--Section 107 Attainment Status Designations

0
4. Section 81.326 is amended by revising the entry for St. Louis MO-IL 
in the table entitled ``Missouri--1997 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS (Primary and 
Secondary)'' to read as follows:


Sec.  81.326  Missouri.

* * * * *

                                        Missouri--1997 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS
                                             [Primary and secondary]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 Designation \a\                   Category/classification
           Designated area           ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        Date \1\             Type             Date \1\             Type
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
St. Louis, MO-IL:
    Franklin County.................  ............  Attainment............
    Jefferson County................  ............  Attainment............
    St. Charles County..............  ............  Attainment............
    St. Louis City..................  ............  Attainment............
    St. Louis County................  ............  Attainment............
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ Includes Indian Country located in each county or area, except as otherwise specified.
\1\ This date is June 15, 2004, unless otherwise noted.


[[Page 78768]]

* * * * *
[FR Doc. 2014-30573 Filed 12-30-14; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P


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