Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 18A-CT-2095 | June 5, 2019 Page 1 of 5

MEMORANDUM DECISION

Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), 

this Memorandum Decision shall not be 

regarded as precedent or cited before any 

court except for the purpose of establishing 

the defense of res judicata, collateral 

estoppel, or the law of the case.

APPELLANT PRO SE

Kevin L. Martin

Wabash Valley Correctional Facility 

Carlisle, Indiana

ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEES

Curtis T. Hill, Jr. 

Attorney General

Frances Barrow

Deputy Attorney General 

Indianapolis, Indiana

I N T H E

COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA

Kevin L. Martin, June 5, 2019

Appellant-Plaintiff, Court of Appeals Case No. 

18A-CT-2095

v. Appeal from the Sullivan Superior 

Court

Makenzy Gilbert, Hess (Mail 

Room), and Charles Dugan,

The Honorable Hugh R. Hunt, 

Judge

Appellees-Defendants Trial Court Cause No. 

77D01-1807-CT-360

Crone, Judge.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 18A-CT-2095 | June 5, 2019 Page 2 of 5

Case Summary

[1] Kevin Martin, an inmate at Wabash Valley Correctional Facility (“WVCF”), 

appeals the trial court’s order dismissing with prejudice his complaint filed 

against certain employees and/or staff of WVCF. In his complaint, Martin 

inartfully alleges that WVCF staff violated his federal constitutional rights and 

certain administrative procedures in opening outside of his presence a letter 

addressed to the Indiana Supreme Court that was returned to Martin as the 

sender. Concluding that no federal constitutional right was implicated, and that 

no private state law cause of action existed, the trial court dismissed Martin’s 

complaint with prejudice. Martin asserts that the trial court erred in doing so.1

Concluding that Martin has waived our review of his claim, we affirm.

1 In addition to dismissing the complaint, the trial court also concluded that Martin’s claim was frivolous 

within the meaning of Indiana Code Section 35-50-6-5(a)(4). That section provides that a person may “be 

deprived of any part of the educational credit or good time credit the person has earned for any of the

following: .... (4) If a court determines that a civil claim brought by the person in a state or an administrative 

court is frivolous, unreasonable, or groundless.” Martin does not mention or challenge this conclusion in his 

brief, and therefore the issue is waived. See Morris v. Biosafe Eng’g, Inc., 9 N.E.3d 195, 201 n.4 (Ind. Ct. App. 

2014) (noting that grounds for error are waived unless framed in appellant’s initial brief), trans. denied.
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Discussion and Decision

[2] As Martin has done in other appeals filed with this Court, he has chosen to 

proceed pro se.2 We again remind him that a litigant who proceeds pro se is 

held to the same rules of procedure that trained counsel is bound to follow. 

Smith v. Donahue, 907 N.E.2d 553, 555 (Ind. Ct. App. 2009), trans. denied, cert. 

dismissed. Pro se litigants are afforded no inherent leniency simply by virtue of 

being self-represented. Zavodnik v. Harper, 17 N.E.3d 259, 266 (Ind. 2014). One 

risk a litigant takes when he proceeds pro se is that he will not know how to 

accomplish all the things an attorney would know how to accomplish. Smith, 

907 N.E.2d at 555. When a party elects to represent himself, there is no reason 

for us to indulge any benevolent presumption on his behalf or to waive any rule 

for the orderly and proper conduct of the appeal. Foley v. Mannor, 844 N.E.2d 

494, 496 n.1 (Ind. Ct. App. 2006).

[3] Although failure to comply with the appellate rules does not necessarily result 

in waiver of the issues presented, it is appropriate where, as here, such 

noncompliance substantially impedes our review. In re Moder, 27 N.E.3d 1089, 

1097 n.4 (Ind. Ct. App. 2015), trans. denied. First, Indiana Appellate Rule 43(C) 

states that an appellate brief “shall be produced in a neat and legible manner[.]” 

Much of the handwritten text in Martin’s eleven-page brief is illegible. 

Consequently, there are many words, sentences, and citations that we are 

unable to decipher or understand.

2 See Martin v. Brown, No. 18A-CT-2940, 2019 WL 1217796 (Ind. Ct. App. Mar. 15, 2019).
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 18A-CT-2095 | June 5, 2019 Page 4 of 5

[4] Significantly, Martin’s appellate brief contains no statement of case or 

statement of facts as required by Indiana Appellate Rule 46(A)(5) and -(A)(6). 

Accordingly, we have been provided no explanation of “the nature of the case, 

the course of proceedings relevant to the issues presented for review, and the 

disposition of the issues by the trial court[,]” and we have been provided no 

“facts relevant to the issues presented for review.” Ind. Appellate Rule 

46(A)(5), -(A)(6). In other words, we have been given absolutely no context 

within which to review this appeal other than what we have gleaned from 

review of the original complaint filed with the trial court.

[5] Moreover, Indiana Appellate Rule 46(A)(8) requires that the contentions in an 

appellant’s brief be supported by cogent reasoning and citations to authorities, 

statutes, and the appendix or parts of the record on appeal. Martin’s brief is 

replete with bald statements and assertions unsupported by cogent argument 

and citations to legal authority. Specifically, he asserts that WVCF mailroom 

staff interfered with his constitutional rights, but he fails to cite a single case in 

support of his assertion that his federal constitutional rights have been 

implicated. Martin further baldy claims that the trial judge was unfairly biased 

against him and should have recused himself from the case, and although he 

cites some legal authority, he fails to then offer cogent argument or reasoning. 

The mere citation to legal authority in support of an argument is insufficient if it 

is not also supported by cogent reasoning.

[6] We will not search the record to find a basis for a party’s argument, nor willwe 

search the authorities cited by a party in order to find legal support for his
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position. Thomas v. State, 965 N.E.2d 70, 77 n.2 (Ind. Ct. App. 2012). In short, 

this Court will “not become an advocate for a party, or address arguments that 

are inappropriate or too poorly developed or expressed to be understood.” Basic

v. Amouri, 58 N.E.3d 980, 984 (Ind. Ct. App. 2016). Failure to abide by our 

appellate rules of procedure has resulted in waiver of Martin’s claims on appeal. 

See, e.g., Wingate v. State, 900 N.E.2d 468, 475 (Ind. Ct. App. 2009). We affirm 

the trial court’s order in all respects.

[7] Affirmed.

Bradford, J., and Tavitas, J., concur.