U.S. flag
        An official website of the United States government
          Here’s how you know
        Here’s how you know**Official websites use .gov**
              
              A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
        **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
              
              A **lock** (  A locked padlock
) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. https://www.nist.gov/glossary/osac-lexicon
  Search NIST
    Search
              Menu

      


Close
    Topics
        All Topics
                                                        Advanced communications
                                                        Artificial intelligence
                                                        Bioscience
                                                        Buildings and construction
                                                        Chemistry
                                                        Climate
                                                        Cybersecurity
                                                        Electronics
                                                        EnergyEnvironment
                                                        Fire
                                                        Forensic science
                                                        Health
                                                        Information technology
                                                        Infrastructure
                                                        Manufacturing
                                                        Materials
                                                        Mathematics and statisticsMetrology
                                                        Nanotechnology
                                                        Neutron research
                                                        Performance excellence
                                                        Physics
                                                        Public safety
                                                        Resilience
                                                        Standards
                                                        Transportation
            Publications
            Labs & Major Programs
        Laboratories
                                Communications Technology Laboratory
                                  Engineering Laboratory
                                  Information Technology Laboratory
                                  Material Measurement Laboratory
                                  Physical Measurement LaboratoryUser Facilities
                                NIST Center for Neutron Research
                                  CNST NanoFab
                                                        Research Test Beds
                                                        Research Projects
                                                        Tools & InstrumentsMajor Programs
                                Baldrige Performance Excellence Program
                                  CHIPS for America Initiative
                                  Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP)
                                  Office of Advanced Manufacturing
                                  Special Programs Office
                                  Technology Partnerships Office
            Services & Resources
        Standards and Measurements
                                Calibration Services
                                  Laboratory Accreditation (NVLAP)
                                  Quality System
                                  Standard Reference Materials (SRMs)
                                  Standards.gov
                                  Time Services
                                  Office of Weights and MeasuresSoftware
                                                        Data
                                Chemistry WebBook
                                  National Vulnerability Database
                                  Physical Reference Data
                                  Standard Reference Data (SRD)
                                                        Storefront
                                                        License & PatentsComputer Security Resource Center (CSRC)
                                                        NIST Research Library
            News & Events
        News
                                                        Events
                                                        Blogs
                                                        Feature Stories
                                                        AwardsVideo Gallery
                                                        Image Gallery
                                                        Media Contacts
            About NIST
        About Us
                                Leadership
                                  Organization Structure
                                  Budget & Planning
                                                        Contact Us
                                                        Visit
                                                        Careers
                                Student programsWork with NIST
                                                        History
                                NIST Digital Archives
                                  NIST Museum
                                  NIST and the Nobel
                                                        Educational Resources
 
 The Organization of Scientific Area Committees for Forensic Science
    
      
  OSAC Lexicon

The OSAC Lexicon is a compendium of forensic science terms and definitions. This terminology tool was created to help bring consistency and understanding to the way terms are used by the various forensic science. Use of the OSAC Lexicon does not replace the need to reference the original published source.

The terms and definitions in the OSAC Lexicon come from the published literature, including documentary standards and technical reports. It is continually updated with the latest work from OSAC units, as well as terms from newly published documentary standards and standards elevated to the OSAC Registry.

Gradually terms are evaluated and harmonized by the OSAC to a single term. This process results in an OSAC Preferred Term. An OSAC Preferred Term is a term, along with its definition, that has undergone review and evaluation by the FSSB Terminology Task Group and has been approved by the FSSB. The FSSB recommends that subcommittees use OSAC Preferred Terms when drafting standards.

The OSAC Lexicon should be the primary resource for terminology and used when drafting and editing forensic science standards and other OSAC work products.



Keyword Search
  
  
  Searches term, definition, and source for any of these keywords.
  Term
  
  
  Searches term name.
  OSAC Committee
  
  
  - Any -Bloodstain Pattern AnalysisCrime Scene Investigation & ReconstructionDigital EvidenceDogs & SensorsFacial and Iris IdentificationFire & Explosion InvestigationFirearms & ToolmarksFootwear & TireForensic AnthropologyForensic Document ExaminationForensic NursingForensic OdontologyForensic ToxicologyFriction RidgeFSSBHuman Forensic BiologyIgnitable Liquids, Explosives & Gunshot ResidueInterdisciplinaryMedicolegal Death InvestigationSeized DrugsSpeaker RecognitionTrace MaterialsVideo/Imaging Technology & AnalysisWildlife Forensic Biology
  Standard
  
  
  Searches standard designation number.
  Items Per Page
  
  
  5102550
  Only OSAC Preferred

AllABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0-9#

Displaying 1 - 50 of 395
      Export results (CSV)Safety Data Sheet Sds
  A document providing comprehensive information about a substance or mixture for using in workplace chemical management as adopted by the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS). Note: Previously known as a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).
            
            Committee
                    Dogs & Sensors

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Technical Report/Other Source** (Author, Title of report. Publisher, Year.)
          ANSI/Academy Standards Board (ASB), Crime Scene/Death Investigation - Dogs and Sensors - Terms and Definitions. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2017.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Safety Data Sheet Sds
  A document providing comprehensive information about a substance or mixture for using in workplace chemical management as adopted by the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS). NOTE Previously known as a material safety data sheet (MSDS).
            
            Committee
                    Dogs & Sensors

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASB 085 Standard for Detection Canine Selection, Kenneling, and Healthcare. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2021.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Safety Fuse
  A water-proof, coated, thread-wrapped cord with a black powder core designed to be used to initiate a non-electric blasting cap. DISCUSSION: Safety fuse is larger in diameter than hobby or pyrotechnic fuse; has higher quality construction; and has better reproducibility in timing (distance burned per second).
            
            Committee
                    Ignitable Liquids, Explosives & Gunshot Residue

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ASTM E3196-21 Standard Terminology Relating to the Examination of Explosives. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2021.
                          Source link
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Safety Violation
  An action by the handler, canine or canine team that if done in operational environment, could place the canine team in jeopardy.
            
            Committee
                    Dogs & Sensors

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Technical Report/Other Source** (Author, Title of report. Publisher, Year.)
          ANSI/Academy Standards Board (ASB), Crime Scene/Death Investigation - Dogs and Sensors - Terms and Definitions. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2017.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Sample
  A group of items, test results or portions of material, taken from a large collection of items, test results or portions of material, that serves to provide information that may be used as a basis for making a decision concerning the larger collection.
            
            Committee
                    Trace Materials

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ASTM E456-13A(2017)E1 Standard Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2017.
                          Source link
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Sample
  Subset of a population made up of one or more sampling units
            
            Committee
                    Interdisciplinary

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E1732-24 Standard Terminology Relating to Forensic Science. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2024.
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Sample (Representative Sample)
  A representative portion of the specimen selected and prepared for analysis that is expected to exhibit all of the elemental characteristics of the parent specimen.
            
            Committee
                    Trace Materials

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E3296-22 Standard Guide for Using Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography and Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in Forensic Polymer Examinations. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2022.
                          Source link
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Sample (Representative Sample)
  A representative portion of the specimen selected and prepared for analysis that is expected to exhibit all of the elemental characteristics of the parent specimen.
            
            Committee
                    Trace Materials

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E2809-22 Standard Guide for Using Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) in Forensic Polymer Examinations. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2022.
                          Source link
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Sample (V)
  Obtain the values of a function for regularly or irregularly spaced distinct values fromits domain. From: ISO 2382-2:1976.
            
            Committee
                    Interdisciplinary

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/NIST-ITL 1-2011 Update:2015 Data Format for the Interchange of Fingerprint, Facial & Other Biometric Information. ANSI/National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2011.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Sample Fragment
  Only within this guide, sample or specimen smaller than approximately 0.2 mm
            
            Committee
                    Interdisciplinary

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E1732-24 Standard Terminology Relating to Forensic Science. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2024.
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Sample Particle
  Only within this guide, sample or specimen whose greatest dimension is less than approximately 50 m
            
            Committee
                    Interdisciplinary

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E1732-24 Standard Terminology Relating to Forensic Science. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2024.
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Sample Piece
  Sample or specimen larger than approximately 0.2 mm
            
            Committee
                    Interdisciplinary

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E1732-24 Standard Terminology Relating to Forensic Science. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2024.
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Sample Polishing
  Sample preparation method using progressively finer abrasives to achieve a flat, smooth sample surface
            
            Committee
                    Interdisciplinary

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E1732-24 Standard Terminology Relating to Forensic Science. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2024.
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Sample Population
  Totality of items under consideration
            
            Committee
                    Interdisciplinary

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E1732-24 Standard Terminology Relating to Forensic Science. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2024.
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Sample Representative
  A collection of hairs from a specific somatic region that reflects the range of characteris tics of a persons hair in that area.
            
            Committee
                    Trace Materials

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E3316-22 Standard Guide for Forensic Examination of Hair by Microscopy. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2022.
                          Source link
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Sample Size
  For the purposes of this guide, the following terms are used to describe sample size with the actual size demarcation between each being somewhat arbitrary
            
            Committee
                    Interdisciplinary

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E1732-24 Standard Terminology Relating to Forensic Science. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2024.
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Sample, Known
  A sample for which the identity of the donor is established and which is used for comparison purposes.
            
            Committee
                    Trace Materials

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E3316-22 Standard Guide for Forensic Examination of Hair by Microscopy. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2022.
                          Source link
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Sample, Limited
  A sample of known hairs that is insufficient in quality or quantity to reflect a representative range of characteristics or traits.
            
            Committee
                    Trace Materials

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E3316-22 Standard Guide for Forensic Examination of Hair by Microscopy. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2022.
                          Source link
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Sample, Representative
  A collection of hairs from a specific somatic region that reflects the range of characteristics of a person's hair in that area.
            
            Committee
                    Trace Materials

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E3316-22 Standard Guide for Forensic Examination of Hair by Microscopy. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2022.
                          Source link
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Sampling
  (The) process of drawing or constituting a sample.
            
            Committee
                    FSSB

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E1402-13 Standard Guide for Sampling Design. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2013.
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Sampling Unit
  One of the individual parts into which a population is divided
            
            Committee
                    Interdisciplinary

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E1732-24 Standard Terminology Relating to Forensic Science. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2024.
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Sanger Sequencing
  A method of DNA sequencing for determining the order of bases in a DNA molecule based on the selective incorporation of chain-terminating dideoxynucleotides by DNA polymerase during in vitro DNA replication.
            
            Committee
                    Human Forensic Biology

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASB 131 Standard for Training in Forensic DNA Sequencing using Capillary Electrophoresis. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2021.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Sanger Sequencing
  A method of DNA sequencing for determining the order of bases in a DNA molecule based on the selective incorporation of chain-terminating dideoxynucleotides by DNA polymerase during in vitro DNA replication.
            
            Committee
                    Human Forensic Biology

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASB 131 Standard for Training in Forensic DNA Sequencing using Capillary Electrophoresis. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2021.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Sanger Sequencing
  A method of DNA sequencing for determining the order of bases in a DNA molecule based on the selective incorporation of chain-terminating dideoxynucleotides by DNA polymerase during in vitro DNA replication. See sequencing below.
            
            Committee
                    Wildlife Forensic Biology

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASB 047 Wildlife Forensics Validation Standard - Validating New Primers for Sequencing. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2019.
                          Source link
      Term link
  SAP
  Subject Acquisition Profile. With the exception of mobile device SAP levels, they are aseries of sets of progressively more stringent parameters and requirements relevant toface acquisition. Subject Acquisition profiles for iris are denoted as Iris acquisitionprofiles (IAP), and those for fingerprints are denoted as Fingerprint acquisitionprofiles (FAP). The term SAP had been used exclusively for face acquisition in earlierversions of the standard. [2015a>] In the Mobile ID Best Practices RecommendationsVersion 1, face, finger and iris application profiles were all referred to as SAP. Theyare referred to separately in this standard. This was changed in Mobile ID Best Practices Recommendations Version 2 to be consistent with this standard.
            
            Committee
                    Interdisciplinary

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/NIST-ITL 1-2011 Update:2015 Data Format for the Interchange of Fingerprint, Facial & Other Biometric Information. ANSI/National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2011.
                          Source link
      Term link
  SAP
  Subject acquisition profile
            
            Committee
                    Facial and Iris Identification

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E2916-19e1 Standard Terminology for Digital and Multimedia Evidence Examination. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2019.
                          Source link
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Satellite Stain
  A smaller bloodstain that originated during the formation of the parent stain as a result of blood impacting a surface.
            
            Committee
                    Bloodstain Pattern Analysis

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Technical Report/Other Source** (Author, Title of report. Publisher, Year.)
          ANSI/Academy Standards Board (ASB), Terms and Definitions in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Terms and Definitions. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2017.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Satiation
  When a reinforcer loses its effectiveness as a result of being overused.
            
            Committee
                    Dogs & Sensors

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Technical Report/Other Source** (Author, Title of report. Publisher, Year.)
          ANSI/Academy Standards Board (ASB), Crime Scene/Death Investigation - Dogs and Sensors - Terms and Definitions. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2017.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Saturation Chamber
  Equilibration with mobile phase solvent vapor prior to chromatography
            
            Committee
                    Interdisciplinary

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E1732-24 Standard Terminology Relating to Forensic Science. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2024.
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Saturation Stain
  A bloodstain resulting from the accumulation of liquid blood in an absorbent material.
            
            Committee
                    Bloodstain Pattern Analysis

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Technical Report/Other Source** (Author, Title of report. Publisher, Year.)
          ANSI/Academy Standards Board (ASB), Terms and Definitions in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Terms and Definitions. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2017.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Scales
  Overlapping, plate-like structures composed of keratin that form the cuticle.
            
            Committee
                    Trace Materials

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E3316-22 Standard Guide for Forensic Examination of Hair by Microscopy. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2022.
                          Source link
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem)
  A type of electron microscope in which a focused electron beam is scanned in a raster on a solid sample surface; the term can also include the analytical technique of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
            
            Committee
                    Trace Materials

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E3296-22 Standard Guide for Using Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography and Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in Forensic Polymer Examinations. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2022.
                          Source link
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem)
  A type of electron microscope in which a focused electron beam is scanned in a raster on a solid sample surface; the term can also include the analytical technique of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
            
            Committee
                    Trace Materials

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E2809-22 Standard Guide for Using Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) in Forensic Polymer Examinations. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2022.
                          Source link
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem)
  Type of electron microscope in which a focused electron beam is scanned in a raster on a solid sample surface
            
            Committee
                    Interdisciplinary

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASTM E1732-24 Standard Terminology Relating to Forensic Science. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 2024.
                  *Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be purchased from ASTM International, https://www.astm.org*
      Term link
  Scanning Resolution
  The number of pixels per unit distance at which an image is captured (ppmm or ppi).
            
            Committee
                    Interdisciplinary

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/NIST-ITL 1-2011 Update:2015 Data Format for the Interchange of Fingerprint, Facial & Other Biometric Information. ANSI/National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2011.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Scar
  Healed fibrous tissue resulting from an injury to the skin.
            
            Committee
                    Interdisciplinary

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/NIST-ITL 1-2011 Update:2015 Data Format for the Interchange of Fingerprint, Facial & Other Biometric Information. ANSI/National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2011.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Scene
  The general physical location of a fire or explosion incident (geographic area, structure or portion of a structure, vehicle, boat, piece of equipment, etc.) designated as important to the investigation because it may contain physical damage or debris, evidence, victims, or incident-related hazards.
            
            Committee
                    Fire & Explosion Investigation

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          NFPA 921:2021 Guide for Fire and Explosion Investigations. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA, 2021.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Scent
  Volatile chemicals emitted from a live human that are perceived by the canine through olfaction. 'Scent' has traditionally referred to canine detection of humans. 'Odor' has traditionally referred to canine detection of a substance. (See odor.)
            
            Committee
                    Dogs & Sensors

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Technical Report/Other Source** (Author, Title of report. Publisher, Year.)
          ANSI/Academy Standards Board (ASB), Crime Scene/Death Investigation - Dogs and Sensors - Terms and Definitions. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2017.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Scent
  Volatile chemicals emitted from a live human that are perceived by the canine through olfaction.
            
            Committee
                    Dogs & Sensors

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASB 088 General Guidelines for Training, Certification, and Documentation of Canine Detection Disciplines. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2020.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Scent
  Volatile chemicals emitted from a live human that are perceived by the canine through olfaction. Scent has traditionally referred to canine detection of humans. Odor has traditionally referred to canine detection of a substance.
            
            Committee
                    Dogs & Sensors

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASB 027 Standard for Training and Certification of Canine Detection of Humans: Patrol Canine Team. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2021.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Scent
  Volatile chemicals emitted from a live human that are perceived by the canine through olfaction. Scent has traditionally referred to canine detection of humans. Odor has traditionally referred to canine detection of a substance.
            
            Committee
                    Dogs & Sensors

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASB 026 Standard for Training and Certification of Canine Detection of Humans: An Aged Trail Using Pre-scented Canines. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2021.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Scent
  Volatile chemicals emitted from a live human that are perceived by the canine through olfaction. Scent has traditionally referred to canine detection of humans. Odor has traditionally referred to canine detection of a substance.
            
            Committee
                    Dogs & Sensors

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASB 024 Standard for Training and Certification of Canine Detection of Humans: Location Check Using Pre‐scented Canines. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2021.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Scent Article
  An item that has been exposed to the target scent source that is used to put the canine on task.
            
            Committee
                    Dogs & Sensors

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Technical Report/Other Source** (Author, Title of report. Publisher, Year.)
          ANSI/Academy Standards Board (ASB), Crime Scene/Death Investigation - Dogs and Sensors - Terms and Definitions. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2017.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Scent Article
  An item that has been exposed to the target scent source that is used to put the canine on task
            
            Committee
                    Dogs & Sensors

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASB 027 Standard for Training and Certification of Canine Detection of Humans: Patrol Canine Team. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2021.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Scent Article
  An item that has been exposed to the target scent source that is used to put the canine on task
            
            Committee
                    Dogs & Sensors

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASB 026 Standard for Training and Certification of Canine Detection of Humans: An Aged Trail Using Pre-scented Canines. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2021.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Scent Article
  An item that has been exposed to the target scent source that is used to put the canine on task
            
            Committee
                    Dogs & Sensors

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASB 024 Standard for Training and Certification of Canine Detection of Humans: Location Check Using Pre‐scented Canines. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2021.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Scent Association
  When a canine learns to identify a trained scent with a specific reward.
            
            Committee
                    Dogs & Sensors

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Technical Report/Other Source** (Author, Title of report. Publisher, Year.)
          ANSI/Academy Standards Board (ASB), Crime Scene/Death Investigation - Dogs and Sensors - Terms and Definitions. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2017.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Scent Association
  When a canine learns to identify a trained scent with a specific reward.
            
            Committee
                    Dogs & Sensors

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASB 027 Standard for Training and Certification of Canine Detection of Humans: Patrol Canine Team. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2021.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Scent Association
  When a canine learns to identify a trained scent with a specific reward.
            
            Committee
                    Dogs & Sensors

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Standard Source** (Designation Number Title of Standard. Publisher, Place, Year.)
          ANSI/ASB 024 Standard for Training and Certification of Canine Detection of Humans: Location Check Using Pre‐scented Canines. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2021.
                          Source link
      Term link
  Scent Cone
  A funnel-shaped scent pathway, which extends down-wind from the target, becoming wider the farther away from the target. The canine is able to locate the target by moving upwind.
            
            Committee
                    Dogs & Sensors

            Date Added to Lexicon
                                06/12/2023

            **Technical Report/Other Source** (Author, Title of report. Publisher, Year.)
          ANSI/Academy Standards Board (ASB), Crime Scene/Death Investigation - Dogs and Sensors - Terms and Definitions. AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB), 410 North 21st Street, Colorado Springs, CO 80904, 2017.
                          Source link
      Term link

      Pagination
    Current page1
              Page2
              Page3
              Page4
              Page5
              Page6
              Page7
              Page8
                                      Next page
            Next ›
                          Last page
            Last »
 HEADQUARTERS
            100 Bureau Drive
              Gaithersburg, MD 20899301-975-2000
            Webmaster | Contact Us | Our Other Offices
        Twitter
            
Facebook
            
LinkedIn
            
Instagram
            
YouTube
            
Giphy
            
RSS Feed
            
Mailing List
                              How are we doing? Feedback

  
  Site Privacy
                      Accessibility
                      Privacy Program
                      Copyrights
                      Vulnerability Disclosure
                      No Fear Act Policy
                      FOIA
                      Environmental Policy
                      Scientific Integrity
                      Information Quality Standards
                      Commerce.gov
                      Science.gov
                      USA.gov
                      Vote.gov