Fourth Court of Appeals

San Antonio, Texas

MEMORANDUM OPINION

No. 04-12-00324-CR

Pierre ALFARO,

Appellant

v.

The STATE of Texas,

Appellee

From the County Court, Atascosa County, Texas

Trial Court No. 27479

Honorable Diana J. Bautista, Judge Presiding

Opinion by: Sandee Bryan Marion, Justice

Sitting: Karen Angelini, Justice

Sandee Bryan Marion, Justice

Patricia O. Alvarez, Justice

Delivered and Filed: March 6, 2013

AFFIRMED

A jury convicted Pierre Alfaro, appellant, of the offense of unlawfully carrying a weapon. 

The trial court assessed punishment at one year of community supervision and a $1,000 fine. In 

his sole issue on appeal, appellant argues the evidence was insufficient to support his conviction. 

We affirm. 

ANALYSIS

On March 8, 2010, Officer Matthew Miller passed by a small school bus parked on a 

street as he was patrolling the neighborhood. Miller testified that as he passed by, he saw a small 
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child’s face in the window. Because it was around 11:00 p.m., Miller became suspicious and he 

turned around to investigate further. By the time Miller turned around, the bus was no longer 

where it had been parked. Miller caught up to the bus driving down the road and he signaled for 

the vehicle to stop. The bus pulled over, and Miller approached the driver’s side window where 

he encountered appellant. Appellant told Miller he was the owner of the bus. Miller testified he 

noticed the odor of marijuana coming from inside the vehicle, and he then ordered the eight 

passengers off of the bus.

Miller proceeded to search the bus for marijuana. Although he did not find marijuana, he 

testified he located a revolver in a nylon holster that was strapped to the seatbelt of the driver’s 

seat. He stated the revolver was in plain view because he could see it when he walked up the 

stairs onto the bus. Miller also stated that after discovering the weapon, he exited the bus and 

walked around to the driver’s side and could see the revolver from outside the bus through the 

window. Miller then placed appellant under arrest for unlawfully carrying a weapon.

A person commits the offense of unlawfully carrying a weapon if the person 

intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly carries on or about his person a handgun in a motor 

vehicle that is owned by the person or under the person’s control when the handgun is in plain 

view. TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 46.02(a-1) (West 2010). On appeal, appellant argues, 

specifically, the State (1) did not prove the firearm appellant possessed was a “handgun,” and (2) 

did not demonstrate the firearm was “in plain view.”

In reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence, we view all of the evidence in the light most 

favorable to the verdict to determine whether any rational trier of fact could have found the 

essential elements of the offense beyond a reasonable doubt. Brooks v. State, 323 S.W.3d 893, 

895 (Tex. Crim. App. 2010). We look to whether the cumulative force of all the incriminating 

circumstances is sufficient to support the conviction. Hooper v. State, 214 S.W.3d 9, 13 (Tex. 
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Crim. App. 2007). Deference is given to the jury’s credibility and weight determinations, and to 

their duty to resolve conflicts in the testimony. Id.

1. WAS THE FIREARM A HANDGUN?

Appellant first argues the State did not prove the firearm in question was a “handgun,” 

which is defined by the Penal Code as “any firearm that is designed, made, or adopted to be fired 

with one hand.” TEX. PENAL CODE § 46.01(5). The record demonstrates the weapon in question 

was referred to at trial as a “gun,” a “firearm,” a “revolver,” and also a “handgun.” Miller 

testified about the location of the gun on the bus and he also described the gun for the jury.

The gun was entered into evidence at trial. Sergeant Investigator Gary Wayne Stratton, a 

certified police firearms instructor, demonstrated for the jury how the gun fired using a pencil. 

Describing his method, Stratton stated:

I squeeze [the trigger] to rotate the cylinder in time. I place the pencil in 

the barrel in line with the bore and everything, squeeze it and it makes the firearm 

come up.

. . . .

And as you can tell as I will pass this around and you can see the firing pin 

indication — indentions on the end of the pencil, which thus would discharge —

which would ignite the cartridge and cause the projectile to be expelled through 

the barrel. You can see the indentions on the end of the pencil.

The jury saw the gun and saw the way in which it is operated. Additionally, the jury charge gave 

definitions of both a “handgun” and a “firearm.” The witnesses’ description of the weapon, 

along with Stratton’s demonstration and the jury charge definitions, provided the jury with ample 

evidence to find the weapon was a “handgun” in accordance with Penal Code section 46.02.

2. WAS THE FIREARM IN PLAIN VIEW? 

Next, appellant contends there was not sufficient evidence the gun was “in plain view.” 

Miller testified he could see the gun in plain view strapped to the driver’s side seatbelt when he 

walked onto the bus. Miller also testified he could see the gun from outside of the bus, looking 
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into the driver’s side window. Appellant testified in his defense at trial, stating the gun was not 

in plain view, but was in a holster in a box wrapped with tissue paper and inside of a bag. He 

stated the box was marked “to Margarite,” his grandmother, because it was a present for her 

birthday. This was a conflict in testimony and, as such, we must defer to the jury’s resolution. 

Hooper, 214 S.W.3d at 13. We can infer from the verdict that the jury credited the testimony of 

Miller and found the gun was in plain view. See Sony v. State, 307 S.W.3d 348, 354 (Tex. 

App.—San Antonio 2009, no pet.) (“[W]e must resolve any conflicts and inconsistencies in the 

evidence in favor of the jury’s verdict.”). 

CONCLUSION

Viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the verdict, we conclude there was 

sufficient evidence for a rational juror to find appellant guilty of the offense of unlawfully 

carrying a weapon. The judgment of the trial court is affirmed.

Sandee Bryan Marion, Justice

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