I 

118TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION H. R. 1438 

To require certain nonprofit and not-for-profit social welfare organizations 

to submit disclosure reports on foreign funding to the Attorney General; 

and for other purposes. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

MARCH 8, 2023 

Mr. BERGMAN introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 

Committee on the Judiciary 

A BILL 

To require certain nonprofit and not-for-profit social welfare 

organizations to submit disclosure reports on foreign 

funding to the Attorney General; and for other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Think Tank Trans5 parency Act’’. 

6 SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

7 Congress finds the following: 

8 (1) Think tanks have provided Congress and 

9 the Administration with a wealth of research and 


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1 scholarship that largely has benefitted the American 

2 public by improving the drafting, enactment, and en3 forcement of U.S. policy. 

4 (2) There is broad bipartisan agreement that 

5 think tanks possess enormous influence on the pas6 sage and enforcement of policies, particularly those 

7 that relate to foreign policy. 

8 (3) In recent years, foreign funding of think 

9 tanks has increased substantially. 

10 (4) Congress, the Administration, and especially 

11 the American people have a right to know which 

12 think tanks receive foreign funds and to assess for 

13 themselves the extent that foreign influence should 

14 be considered when analyzing the credibility and 

15 value of research and scholarship produced by such 

16 organizations that receive foreign funds. 

17 (5) The House has already recognized the na18 tional security issues inherent in undue foreign in19 fluence of entities with covert sources of foreign 

20 funding who testify before Congress. Since 2015, in21 dividuals who testify before the U.S. House of Rep22 resentatives have been required to disclose relevant 

23 foreign funding sources directed to them or their 

24 employers in Truth in Testimony disclosure forms. 


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1 (The original looser requirement was enacted in 

2 1997). 

3 (6) Over 30 years ago, Congress enacted section 

4 117 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (HEA) in 

5 light of concerns about the growing financial rela6 tionship between U.S. universities and foreign 

7 sources. Congress balanced academic freedom and 

8 national security by mandating financial trans9 parency through required reporting of contracts with 

10 and gifts from a foreign source. 

11 (7) Section 117 does not prohibit institutions 

12 from taking foreign money; it mandates accurate 

13 and transparent disclosures of sources and amounts 

14 to the Department of Education. In 2019, the De15 partment took concrete steps to enforce section 117 

16 by ensuring the integrity of reporting requirements, 

17 confirming the correct reporting and categorization 

18 of donations, and prohibiting the use of domestic 

19 conduits and intermediaries to avoid the disclosures 

20 of foreign gifts. 

21 (8) Between 2011 and 2021, Russia has given 

22 at least $160 million to U.S. universities. China 

23 alone has given at least $2.7 billion during the same 

24 time frame. And during that span, the State of 


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1 Qatar has given at least $5 billion to U.S. univer2 sities. 

3 (9) Each of these nations has a repressive and 

4 deeply troubling record on human rights, and all 

5 three have engaged in cyber espionage targeting 

6 Americans. 

7 (10) Russia, China, and Qatar all pose grave 

8 threats to U.S. national security interests, yet they 

9 have successfully lavished billions of dollars to cul10 tivate strong ties with institutions of higher edu11 cation and research across the United States. 

12 (11) There is also evidence suggesting that 

13 Qatar encouraged and potentially facilitated U.S. 

14 universities receiving its largess to flout U.S. disclo15 sure requirements under section 117 of the Higher 

16 Education Act. 

17 (12) Although the Center for International Pol18 icy conducted a study in 2020 that concluded that 

19 think tanks focused on Federal policy received at 

20 least $174 million in funding from foreign govern21 mental entities between 2014 and 2018, there is cur22 rently no means to determine the actual level or ex23 tent of foreign influence on such think tanks. 

24 (13) While the exact amount of foreign funding 

25 that U.S. based think tanks receive is unknown, it 


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1 is clear that the foreign sources would not provide 

2 that level of funding unless it impacted think tanks’ 

3 policy recommendations. 

4 (14) One prominent think tank, the East West 

5 Institute, received substantial funding from China’s 

6 People’s Liberation Army, which conducts cyber es7 pionage attacks, including against Americans. After 

8 the East West Institute was dissolved in 2021, the 

9 Stimson Center took over several of the think tank’s 

10 key programs involving China. 

11 (15) The Stimson Center worked to signifi12 cantly alter the Homeland and Cyber Threat Act 

13 (H.R. 1607, introduced into the 117th Congress on 

14 March 8, 2021). The HACT Act, which would pro15 vide an exception to the Foreign Sovereign Immuni16 ties Act of 1976 (FSIA) to allow U.S. persons 

17 harmed by foreign-government sponsored 

18 cyberattacks to bring civil claims for damages, 

19 passed in the last Congress with broad bipartisan 

20 support. The changes advocated by the Stimson 

21 Center would gut the bill and render it completely 

22 ineffective in holding foreign nations and their 

23 agents responsible for cyberattacks on and in the 

24 United States. 


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1 (16) One of the main sources of the Stimson 

2 Center’s funding is the State of Qatar, a major 

3 sponsor of terrorism worldwide and one of the most 

4 notorious sponsors of cyberattacks against U.S. enti5 ties. In 2019 alone, the Stimson Center took over 

6 $600,000 in contributions from the Government of 

7 Qatar. 

8 (17) The Brookings Institution has received at 

9 least $22 million from the State of Qatar from 2013 

10 through 2021, but the exact amount has not been 

11 disclosed publicly. 

12 (18) There is also significant concern in Con13 gress about potential contractual stipulations tied to 

14 foreign funding that could be leveraged by foreign 

15 powers to exert even greater influence over the re16 search and policy recommendations of think tanks 

17 that the Federal Government and the American pub18 lic would otherwise believe to be independent. 

19 (19) In a 2007 ‘‘Establishment Agreement’’ be20 tween the Brookings Institution and Qatar’s Min21 istry of Foreign Affairs—which appears to have 

22 been in place in its original form through the end of 

23 2021—the Doha ‘‘branch’’ of the Brookings Institu24 tion, called Brookings Doha Center, was effectively 

25 owned and controlled by the Emir of Qatar. Under 


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1 the terms of the contract, the Brookings Institu2 tion’s role in the Doha Center was limited to that 

3 of a ‘‘Promoter’’. 

4 (20) As only revealed publicly in June 2022, 

5 the Brookings Doha Center was a separate and dis6 tinct legal entity, specifically a Private Foundation 

7 for the Public Benefit, the same incorporation status 

8 as the State of Qatar’s propaganda arm, Al Jazeera. 

9 (21) Pursuant to the 2007 Establishment 

10 Agreement, the Director of the Brookings Doha 

11 Center was required to report directly to Qatar’s 

12 Ministry of Foreign Affairs, including to ‘‘engage in 

13 regular consultation . . . regarding the development 

14 and ongoing operations’’ and for prior approval of 

15 ‘‘programs that will be developed by the [Brookings 

16 Doha] Center’’. 

17 (22) The Brookings Doha Center was renamed 

18 the Middle East Council on Global Affairs, and evi19 dence indicates that it is now entirely under the con20 trol of the Qatari Government. According to a Janu21 ary 2022 ‘‘Amendment’’ to the 2007 Articles of In22 corporation, the Brookings Institution ceded the 

23 ‘‘Promoter’’ role for Brookings Doha Center to a 

24 senior employee of Qatar’s Ministry of Foreign Af25 fairs, Majed Al-Ansari. This Amendment also called 


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1 on the Middle East Council to assume control of in2 tellectual property rights that had been under the 

3 ‘‘Brookings’’ brand, including the content from and 

4 followers of the ‘‘@BrookingsDoha’’ Twitter ac5 count. 

6 (23) Congress currently is unable to determine 

7 what other agreements that the Brookings Institu8 tion or other influential think tanks have with for9 eign governmental entities, a void which has already 

10 been exploited by at least the State of Qatar in ob11 taining prior approval of budgets and research 

12 projects conducted under the branding of the Brook13 ings Institution and the Brookings Doha Center in 

14 the aforementioned 2007 contract, or the trans15 ference of valuable intellectual property to the 

16 Qatari Government pursuant to the 2022 amend17 ment. 

18 (24) There is broad bipartisan agreement that 

19 undue foreign influence obscured through the use of 

20 proxies—or hidden by the powerful brand of a highly 

21 respected think tank—threatens the national secu22 rity interests of the United States. There is also 

23 broad agreement that transparency is the most im24 portant and effective tool for reducing the harm of 


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1 foreign influence targeting U.S. public policy or pub2 lic opinion. 

3 (25) As such, this bill aims to provide critical 

4 transparency regarding the foreign funding provided 

5 to and the related contractual agreements with think 

6 tanks whose work includes influencing U.S. policies 

7 or public opinion. 

8 SEC. 3. CONTEMPORANEOUS DISCLOSURE REPORTS. 

9 (a) REPORTING CONDITIONS.— 

10 (1) GIFTS, DONATIONS, OR CONTRIBUTIONS.— 

11 (A) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in 

12 section 6, a covered entity that receives a gift, 

13 donation, or contribution from a foreign prin14 cipal during a calendar year in an aggregate 

15 amount of $10,000 or greater shall file a disclo16 sure report with the Attorney General in ac17 cordance with subsection (b) not later than 90 

18 days after each disclosure date. 

19 (B) DISCLOSURE DATE DEFINED.—In this 

20 paragraph, the term ‘‘disclosure date’’ means— 

21 (i) the first date during any calendar 

22 year by which a covered entity has received 

23 a gift, donation, or contribution from a 

24 foreign principal in an aggregate amount 

25 of $10,000 or greater; and 


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1 (ii) any other date during such cal2 endar year by which a covered entity has 

3 received a gift, donation, or contribution 

4 from a foreign principal in an aggregate 

5 amount of $10,000 or greater since the 

6 most recent disclosure date for such cal7 endar year. 

8 (2) CONTRACT, MEMORANDUM OF UNDER9 STANDING, OR AGREEMENT.—Except as provided in 

10 section 6, a covered entity that enters into or modi11 fies a contract, memorandum of understanding, or 

12 agreement with a foreign principal shall file a disclo13 sure report with the Attorney General in accordance 

14 with subsection (b) within 90 days of the formation 

15 or modification of such contract, memorandum, or 

16 agreement. 

17 (b) CONTENTS OF CONTEMPORANEOUS DISCLOSURE

18 REPORT.— 

19 (1) GIFTS, DONATIONS, OR CONTRIBUTIONS

20 ONLY.—The report required under subsection (a)(1) 

21 shall detail the following: 

22 (A) The identities of the foreign principal 

23 and the primary point of contact of the foreign 

24 principal for engaging with the covered entity, 


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1 including the name and title of such point of 

2 contact. 

3 (B) The date on which the foreign prin4 cipal provided a gift, donation, or contribution 

5 to the covered entity. 

6 (C) The aggregate dollar amount of such 

7 gift, donation, or contribution attributable to a 

8 particular foreign principal. 

9 (D) A description of any conditions or re10 strictions regarding any of the disclosed gifts, 

11 donations, or contributions. 

12 (E) The aggregate amount of such gifts, 

13 donations, or contributions received from each 

14 foreign principal. 

15 (F) A description of any decisions made 

16 because of the foreign principal to the structure 

17 of the organization or to the research, pro18 grams, or content intended to be or actually 

19 published, disseminated, or promoted by the 

20 covered entity. 

21 (2) CONTRACT, MEMORANDUM OF UNDER22 STANDING, OR AGREEMENT ONLY.—The report re23 quired under subsection (a)(2) shall detail the fol24 lowing: 


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1 (A) The identities of the foreign principal 

2 and the primary point of contact of the foreign 

3 principal for engaging with the covered entity, 

4 including the name and title of such point of 

5 contact. 

6 (B) The date on which the covered entity 

7 entered into or modified a contract, memo8 randum of understanding, or agreement with a 

9 foreign principal. 

10 (C) Copies of all written contracts, agree11 ments, or memoranda of understanding the cov12 ered entity entered into or modified with any 

13 foreign principal. 

14 (D) Copies of all internal and external doc15 uments, research materials and publications 

16 produced as a result of the contract, memo17 randum of understanding, or agreement. 

18 (E) A description of any decisions made 

19 because of the foreign principal to the structure 

20 of the organization or to the research, pro21 grams, or content intended to be or actually 

22 published, disseminated, or promoted by the 

23 covered entity. 


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1 SEC. 4. INITIAL DISCLOSURE REPORTS. 

2 (a) IN GENERAL.—A covered entity shall file an ini3 tial disclosure report, in accordance with subsections (b) 

4 or (c), with the Attorney General within 180 days of the 

5 date of enactment of this Act if, during the period begin6 ning on January 1st of the most recent calendar year 

7 which ended before the date of enactment of this Act and 

8 ending on the effective date of this Act— 

9 (1) such covered entity received a gift, dona10 tion, or contribution from a foreign principal in an 

11 aggregate amount of $10,000 or greater; 

12 (2) such covered entity entered into or modified 

13 a contract, memorandum of understanding, or agree14 ment with a foreign principal; or 

15 (3) such covered entity had previously entered 

16 into a contract, agreement or memorandum of un17 derstanding with a foreign principal that was still 

18 valid or enforceable on or after January 1 of the 

19 most recent calendar year which ended before the 

20 date of enactment of this Act. 

21 (b) PRIOR GIFTS, DONATIONS, OR CONTRIBU22 TIONS.—The report required under subsection (a)(1) shall 

23 detail the following: 

24 (1) The name of the foreign principal. 

25 (2) The country of citizenship of the foreign 

26 principal. 


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1 (3) The amount and date of such gifts, dona2 tions, or contributions. 

3 (4) The description of any conditions or restric4 tions attached to, or placed on, the gifts, donations, 

5 or contributions. 

6 (5) A description of any decisions made because 

7 of the foreign principal to the structure of the orga8 nization or to the research, programs, or content in9 tended to be or actually published, disseminated, or 

10 promoted by the covered entity. 

11 (c) CONTRACT, MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING, 

12 OR AGREEMENT.—The report required under subsection 

13 (a)(2) shall detail the following: 

14 (1) The name of the foreign principal. 

15 (2) The country of citizenship of the foreign 

16 principal. 

17 (3) Copies of each written contract, memo18 randum of understanding, or agreement. 

19 (4) Any modification of each such written con20 tract, memorandum, or agreement. 

21 (5) The terms and conditions of each oral 

22 agreement. 

23 (6) Any modification of each such oral agree24 ment. 

25 (7) A comprehensive statement of— 


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1 (A) the nature and method of performance 

2 of each item described in paragraphs (3) 

3 through (6); and 

4 (B) the actions taken by the covered entity 

5 at the request or suggestion of each such for6 eign principal. 

7 (8) A description of any decisions made because 

8 of the foreign principal to the structure of the orga9 nization or to the research, programs, or content in10 tended to be or actually published, disseminated, or 

11 promoted by the covered entity. 

12 SEC. 5. BRIEFINGS, TESTIMONY, OR SIMILAR FORMS OF 

13 PRESENTATION OF RESEARCH. 

14 (a) LABELING OF WRITTEN MATERIALS.—If a cov15 ered entity provides a briefing, testimony, or similar form 

16 of presentation of research to a member or employee of 

17 Congress or an executive branch official, such covered en18 tity shall identify prominently on any written materials the 

19 name of the relevant foreign principal and the country of 

20 citizenship, if the foreign principal is not a government, 

21 who provided funding for such briefing, testimony, or simi22 lar form of presentation of research. 

23 (b) ADDENDUM TO BRIEFING, TESTIMONY, PRESEN24 TATION.—In the event that no written materials are pro25 vided, the covered entity shall convey the information reVerDate Sep 11 2014 05:17 Mar 21, 2023 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1438.IH H1438

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1 quired under subsection (a) in writing to the member or 

2 employee of Congress or executive branch official before 

3 or within 10 days after the briefing, testimony, or presen4 tation. 

5 SEC. 6. RELATION TO OTHER REPORTING REQUIREMENTS. 

6 (a) STATE REPORTS.— 

7 (1) REQUIREMENTS OF A COVERED ENTITY.— 

8 If a covered entity is within a State which has en9 acted requirements for public disclosure of gifts, do10 nations, or contributions from or contracts or agree11 ments with a foreign principal that are substantially 

12 similar to the requirements of this Act, a copy of the 

13 disclosure report filed with the State may be filed 

14 with the Attorney General in lieu of a report re15 quired under this Act. 

16 (2) REQUIREMENTS OF THE STATE.—The State 

17 in which the covered entity is located shall provide 

18 to the Attorney General such assurances as the At19 torney General may require to establish that the cov20 ered entity has met the requirements for public dis21 closure under State law if the State report is filed. 

22 (b) FEDERAL REPORTS.—If a covered entity receives 

23 a gift, donation, or contribution from, or enters into a con24 tract or agreement with, a foreign principal, if any other 

25 department, agency, or bureau of the executive branch reVerDate Sep 11 2014 05:17 Mar 21, 2023 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1438.IH H1438

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1 quires a report containing requirements substantially simi2 lar to those required under this section, a copy of the re3 port may be filed with the Attorney General in lieu of a 

4 report required under this Act. 

5 SEC. 7. ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT. 

6 (a) BOOKS AND RECORDS.— 

7 (1) RETENTION PERIOD.—For a period of not 

8 less than 5 years, a covered entity shall retain the 

9 necessary materials required to comply with the re10 quirements of this Act, including books of account, 

11 all communications with the foreign principal, and 

12 other records regarding its activities related to any 

13 contracts, memorandum of understandings, or agree14 ments with or gifts, donations, or contributions from 

15 a foreign principal. 

16 (2) INSPECTION.— 

17 (A) ATTORNEY GENERAL.—Upon request 

18 of the Attorney General, each covered entity 

19 shall furnish to the Attorney General all infor20 mation and records in its possession which the 

21 Attorney General may determine to be nec22 essary to comply with the requirements under 

23 this Act. 

24 (B) CONGRESS.—Upon request of Con25 gress or a committee of Congress, a covered enVerDate Sep 11 2014 05:17 Mar 21, 2023 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1438.IH H1438

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1 tity shall furnish to Congress or the committee 

2 such information and records as Congress or 

3 the committee may request to determine the ex4 tent to which the covered entity is in compli5 ance with the requirements of this Act. 

6 (3) PUBLICATION.—Any information or records 

7 furnished pursuant to paragraph (2)(A) shall be 

8 made available in the database required under sub9 section (a). 

10 (4) PROHIBITION.—It shall be unlawful for any 

11 person willfully to conceal, destroy, obliterate, muti12 late, or falsify, or to attempt to conceal, destroy, ob13 literate, mutilate, or falsify, or to cause to be con14 cealed, destroyed, obliterated, mutilated, or falsified, 

15 any books or records required to be kept under the 

16 provisions of this section. 

17 (b) PUBLICATION.—All disclosure reports required by 

18 this Act shall be made available to the public through a 

19 database maintained on the official website of the Depart20 ment of Justice. 

21 (c) CIVIL MONETARY PENALTY.—Any covered entity 

22 that fails to comply with the requirements of this Act, in23 cluding any rule or regulation promulgated thereunder, 

24 shall be subject, in addition to any other penalties that 

25 may be prescribed by law, to a civil money penalty of no 


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1 less than $1,000 for each day of the failure described by 

2 this Act. 

3 (d) CIVIL ACTION.— 

4 (1) COURT ORDERS.—Whenever it appears that 

5 a covered entity has failed to comply with the re6 quirements of this Act, including any rule or regula7 tion promulgated under this Act, a civil action may 

8 be brought by the Attorney General in an appro9 priate district court of the United States, or the ap10 propriate United States court of any territory or 

11 other place subject to the jurisdiction of the United 

12 States, to request such court to compel compliance 

13 with the requirements of this Act. 

14 (2) COSTS.—For knowing or willful failure to 

15 comply with the requirements of this Act, including 

16 any rule or regulation promulgated thereunder, a 

17 covered entity shall pay to the Treasury of the 

18 United States the full costs to the United States of 

19 obtaining compliance, including all associated costs 

20 of investigation and enforcement. 

21 (e) REGULATIONS.—The Attorney General may pro22 mulgate regulations to carry out this Act. 

23 SEC. 8. DEFINITIONS. 

24 In this Act: 


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1 (1) CONDUCT INTENDING TO DIRECTLY OR IN2 DIRECTLY INFLUENCE PUBLIC POLICY OR PUBLIC

3 OPINION.—The term ‘‘conduct intending to directly 

4 or indirectly influence public policy or public opin5 ion’’ means, with respect to a covered entity, any ac6 tivity that the covered entity engaging in believes 

7 will, or that the covered entity intends to, in any 

8 way influence any agency or official of the Govern9 ment of the United States or any section of the pub10 lic within the United States with reference to formu11 lating, adopting, or changing the domestic or foreign 

12 policies of the United States or with reference to the 

13 political or public interests, policies, or relations of 

14 a government of a foreign country or a foreign polit15 ical party. 

16 (2) CONTRACT.—The term ‘‘contract’’ means 

17 any agreement for the acquisition by purchase, lease, 

18 or barter of property or services by the foreign prin19 cipal, for the direct benefit or use of either of the 

20 parties. 

21 (3) COUNTRY OF CITIZENSHIP.—The term 

22 ‘‘country of citizenship’’, with respect to a foreign 

23 principal, includes— 

24 (A) the principal residence for a foreign 

25 principal who is a natural person; or 


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1 (B) the country of incorporation or the 

2 principal place of business for a foreign prin3 cipal which is a legal entity. 

4 (4) COVERED ENTITY.—The term ‘‘covered en5 tity’’— 

6 (A) means a nonprofit organization or a 

7 not-for-profit social welfare organization that— 

8 (i) spends more than 20 percent of its 

9 resources within any given calendar year 

10 on conduct intending to directly or indi11 rectly influence public policy or public 

12 opinion; or 

13 (ii) is affiliated with or is a sub-unit 

14 of an ‘‘institution’’ subject to section 117 

15 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 

16 U.S.C. 1011f) that— 

17 (I) engages in or publishes sub18 stantial policy-related research or 

19 scholarship; or 

20 (II) hosts, sponsors, or otherwise 

21 promotes annual, or on a more fre22 quent basis, events featuring report23 ers, journalists, or U.S. or foreign 

24 government officials; and 

25 (B) excludes— 


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1 (i) an ‘‘institution’’ subject to section 

2 117 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 

3 (20 U.S.C. 1011f); and 

4 (ii) an entity organized and operated 

5 exclusively for religious purposes. 

6 (5) FOREIGN PRINCIPAL.—The term ‘‘foreign 

7 principal’’ includes— 

8 (A) a government of a foreign country and 

9 a foreign political party; 

10 (B) a person outside of the United States, 

11 unless it is established that such person is an 

12 individual and a citizen of the United States, or 

13 that such person is not an individual and is or14 ganized under or created by the laws of the 

15 United States or of any State or other place 

16 subject to the jurisdiction of the United States 

17 and has its principal place of business within 

18 the United States; and 

19 (C) a partnership, association, corporation, 

20 organization, or other combination of persons 

21 organized under the laws of or having its prin22 cipal place of business in a foreign country. 

23 (6) GIFT, DONATION, OR CONTRIBUTION.—The 

24 term ‘‘gift, donation, or contribution’’ means any 

25 gift of money, property, or in-kind contribution given 


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1 directly or indirectly to a covered entity by a foreign 

2 principal. 

3 (7) NOT-FOR-PROFIT SOCIAL WELFARE ORGANI4 ZATION.—The term ‘‘not-for-profit social welfare or5 ganization’’ means an organization described in sec6 tion 501(c)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 

7 and exempt from tax under section 501(a) of such 

8 code. 

9 (8) NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION.—The term 

10 ‘‘nonprofit organization’’ means an organization de11 scribed in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue 

12 Code of 1986 and exempt from tax under section 

13 501(a) of such code. 

14 (9) RESTRICTED OR CONDITIONAL GIFT OR

15 CONTRACT.—The term ‘‘restricted or conditional gift 

16 or contract’’ means any endowment, gift, grant, con17 tract, award, present, or property of any kind which 

18 includes provisions regarding— 

19 (A) the employment, assignment, com20 pensation, or termination of researchers, schol21 ars, or experts; 

22 (B) the earmarking of funds for depart23 ments, centers, research or lecture programs, or 

24 new positions for researchers, scholars, or ex25 perts; 


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1 (C) the subject matter, nature, or contents 

2 of research, analysis or any information pub3 lished or disseminated to U.S. government offi4 cials, the media, or the public; or 

5 (D) any other condition or expectation re6 garding either the foreign principal’s ability to 

7 review in advance, approve, veto, or modify 

8 budgets, programs, events, or presentations, or 

9 the contents of information or materials to be 

10 published or disseminated. 

11 SEC. 9. EFFECTIVE DATE. 

12 This Act shall take effect on the date that is 120 days 

13 following the date of enactment. 

Æ 


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