I 

118TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION H. R. 1708 

To address root causes of homelessness, meet the needs of community members experiencing harms from homelessness, transition communities towards providing housing for all, end penalization of homelessness, and 

ensure full democratic participation and inclusion of persons experiencing 

homelessness, and for other purposes. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

MARCH 22, 2023 

Ms. JAYAPAL (for herself, Ms. MENG, Ms. PRESSLEY, Mr. GRIJALVA, Ms. 

CHU, Mr. BOWMAN, Mr. MCGOVERN, Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, Ms. NORTON, 

Mr. BLUMENAUER, Ms. BUSH, Mr. GARCI ́A of Illinois, Mr. TORRES of 

New York, Ms. TLAIB, Ms. LEE of California, Ms. OCASIO-CORTEZ, Ms. 

BONAMICI, Mrs. WATSON COLEMAN, and Ms. CLARKE of New York) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Financial Services, and in addition to the Committees on House Administration, the Judiciary, Education and the Workforce, and Ways and 

Means, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in 

each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 

A BILL 

To address root causes of homelessness, meet the needs 

of community members experiencing harms from homelessness, transition communities towards providing housing for all, end penalization of homelessness, and ensure 

full democratic participation and inclusion of persons 

experiencing homelessness, and for other purposes. 


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1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 

5 ‘‘Housing Is a Human Right Act of 2023’’. 

6 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 

7 this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 

Sec. 2. Definitions. 

TITLE I—SUPPORTED ALTERNATIVES TO PENALIZATION OF 

PERSONS EXPERIENCING HOMELESSNESS 

Sec. 101. Grant authorization. 

Sec. 102. Application. 

Sec. 103. Use of funds. 

Sec. 104. Authorization of appropriations. 

TITLE II—INVESTING IN INFRASTRUCTURE TO ADDRESS BASIC 

HUMAN NEEDS 

Sec. 201. CDBG Plus program. 

Sec. 202. Library pilot grants. 

Sec. 203. Use of unutilized and underutilized public buildings and real property 

to assist the homeless. 

TITLE III—INVESTING IN COMMUNITY STABILITY AND WELLBEING 

Sec. 301. Treatment of revenue generated. 

Sec. 302. Emergency solutions grant program. 

Sec. 303. Continuum of care grant program. 

Sec. 304. Federal Emergency Management Agency emergency food and shelter 

grant program. 

Sec. 305. Requirements. 

Sec. 306. GAO study of requirements regarding participation and involvement 

of homeless individuals. 

TITLE IV—ACCESS TO VOTING 

Sec. 401. Study of factors adversely affecting ability of homeless and housingunstable individuals to vote. 

Sec. 402. Grants to facilitate voting by homeless and housing-unstable individuals. 

TITLE V—UNITED STATES INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON 

HOMELESSNESS 

Sec. 501. Permanent authorization. 


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Sec. 502. Functions. 

Sec. 503. Advisory board. 

Sec. 504. Director. 

Sec. 505. Conforming amendment. 

TITLE VI—REVENUE RELATED TO HOUSING SPECULATION AND 

DISPLACEMENT 

Sec. 601. Amendments to the tax code. 

1 SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 

2 For purposes of this Act, the following definitions 

3 shall apply: 

4 (1) AT RISK OF HOMELESSNESS.—The term 

5 ‘‘at risk of homelessness’’ means, with respect to an 

6 individual or family, that the individual or family— 

7 (A) has an annual income that is less than 

8 30 percent of median family income for the 

9 area, as determined by the Secretary; 

10 (B) does not have sufficient resources or 

11 support networks, including family, friends, 

12 faith-based organizations, and other social net13 works, immediately available to prevent the in14 dividual or family from moving to an emergency 

15 shelter or other place described in paragraph 

16 (3)(A) of this subsection; and 

17 (C)(i) has moved because of economic 

18 hardship two or more times during the 60 days 

19 immediately preceding the application for home20 lessness prevention assistance under this Act; 


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1 (ii) is living in the home of another be2 cause of economic hardship; 

3 (iii) has been notified in writing that their 

4 right to occupy their current housing or living 

5 situation will be terminated within 21 days of 

6 the date of application for assistance under this 

7 Act; 

8 (iv) lives in a hotel or motel and the cost 

9 of the hotel or motel stay is not paid by chari10 table organizations or by Federal, State, or 

11 local government programs for low-income indi12 viduals; 

13 (v) lives in a single-room occupancy or effi14 ciency apartment unit in which there reside 

15 more than two persons, or lives in a larger 

16 housing unit in which there reside more than 

17 1.5 people per room, as defined by the United 

18 States Census Bureau; 

19 (vi) is exiting a publicly funded institution, 

20 or system of care, including health-care facili21 ties, mental health facilities, foster care and 

22 other youth facilities, and correction programs 

23 and institutions; or 

24 (vii) otherwise lives in housing that has 

25 characteristics associated with instability and 


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1 an increased risk of homelessness, including 

2 those characteristics identified in the approved 

3 consolidated plan for the applicable jurisdiction. 

4 (2) COST-BURDENED.—The term ‘‘cost-bur5 dened’’ means, with respect to an individual or fam6 ily, that the individual or family— 

7 (A) spends more than 22 percent of their 

8 income on rent, or other housing-related costs, 

9 including property taxes, utility bills, and mort10 gage payments, or both; or 

11 (B) otherwise compromises other basic 

12 needs in order to pay for housing. 

13 (3) GOVERNMENTAL UNIT; MUNICIPALITY.— 

14 The terms ‘‘governmental unit’’ and ‘‘municipality’’ 

15 have the meanings given such terms in section 101 

16 of title 31, United States Code. 

17 (4) HOMELESS.—The term ‘‘homeless’’ means, 

18 with respect to an individual or family— 

19 (A) an individual or family who lacks a 

20 fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime resi21 dence; 

22 (B) an individual or family with a primary 

23 nighttime residence that is a public or private 

24 place not designed for or ordinarily used as a 

25 regular sleeping accommodation for human 


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1 beings, including a car, park, abandoned build2 ing, bus or train station, airport, or camping 

3 ground; 

4 (C) an individual or family living in a su5 pervised publicly or privately operated shelter 

6 designated to provide temporary living arrange7 ments (including hotels and motels paid for by 

8 Federal, State, or local government programs 

9 for low-income individuals or by charitable or10 ganizations, congregate shelters, and transi11 tional housing); 

12 (D) an individual who resided in a shelter 

13 or place not meant for human habitation and 

14 who is exiting an institution where he or she 

15 temporarily resided; and 

16 (E) an individual or family who will immi17 nently lose their housing, including housing 

18 they own, rent, or live in without paying rent, 

19 are sharing with others, and rooms in hotels or 

20 motels not paid for by Federal, State, or local 

21 government programs for low-income individ22 uals or by charitable organizations. 

23 (5) HOUSING FIRST.—The term ‘‘Housing 

24 First’’ means, with respect to addressing homeless25 ness, an approach to quickly and successfully conVerDate Sep 11 2014 22:15 Apr 05, 2023 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1708.IH H1708

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1 nect individuals and families experiencing homeless2 ness to permanent and affordable housing opportuni3 ties and appropriate services without preconditions 

4 and low or no barriers to entry, including barriers 

5 relating to sobriety, treatment, work requirements, 

6 and service participation requirements. 

7 (6) HOUSING-UNSTABLE.— 

8 (A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘‘housing-un9 stable’’ means, with respect to an individual or 

10 family that the individual or family— 

11 (i) lacks a fixed, regular, and ade12 quate nighttime residence; 

13 (ii) shares housing with other persons 

14 due to loss of housing or economic hard15 ship; 

16 (iii) lives in hotels or motels, trailer 

17 parks, or campgrounds due to lack of al18 ternative arrangements; 

19 (iv) is awaiting foster care placement; 

20 (v) lives in substandard housing; 

21 (vi) is a child of migrant worker; 

22 (vii) has moved more than three times 

23 in the past year due to economic insta24 bility; 


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1 (viii) would be unable to pay for hous2 ing if their income decreased by $100 or 

3 more or if they experienced a financial 

4 hardship; 

5 (ix) is paying for housing or shelter 

6 with labor or sex; 

7 (x) has housing that is dependent on 

8 their employer; 

9 (xi) is exiting from incarceration (in10 cluding pre-trial and pre-conviction deten11 tion; immigration detention; and juvenile 

12 detention) or who will be exiting from in13 carceration (including conditional release 

14 on bail or parole) in the next six months, 

15 or, with respect to youth, who is or has 

16 been held in the custody of the Office of 

17 Refugee Resettlement of the Department 

18 of Health and Human Services; 

19 (xii) has an income that does not ex20 ceed 50 percent of median income for the 

21 area in which they reside; 

22 (xiii) has a primary income that is 

23 fixed and derived solely from Federal or 

24 State benefits; or 


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1 (xiv) is a survivor of domestic violence 

2 or trafficking residing with a perpetrator 

3 of domestic violence or trafficking. 

4 (B) INCLUDED POPULATIONS.—Such term 

5 includes an individual or family who is— 

6 (i) at risk of homelessness, as such 

7 term in defined in this subsection; 

8 (ii) not consistently or safely housed, 

9 including individuals and families at immi10 nent risk of eviction, who are couch-hop11 ping, have had to move into the dwelling 

12 unit of another individual or family; or 

13 (iii) homeless in a rural area. 

14 (7) JUSTICE SYSTEM-INVOLVED.—The term 

15 ‘‘justice system-involved’’ includes persons who are 

16 or have been incarcerated or held in municipal, 

17 State, or Federal jails, prisons, juvenile facilities, or 

18 other types of detention facilities, who have been 

19 held in pre-trial or post-conviction detention, who 

20 have an arrest or conviction regardless of whether 

21 they were detained or incarcerated, who have been 

22 held in immigration detention, or, with respect to 

23 youth, who are or have been held in the custody of 

24 the Office of Refugee Resettlement of the Depart25 ment of Health and Human Services. 


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1 (8) PENALIZE HOMELESSNESS.—The term ‘‘pe2 nalize homelessness’’ means to impose, by a govern3 mental unit, criminal or civil penalties on persons 

4 who are homeless or housing unstable in a manner 

5 that is related to those persons’ engagement in nec6 essary human activities, including sleeping, resting, 

7 and eating. 

8 (9) PERMANENT SUPPORTIVE HOUSING.—The 

9 term ‘‘permanent supportive housing’’ means hous10 ing that provides— 

11 (A) indefinite leasing or rental assistance; 

12 and 

13 (B) non-mandatory, culturally competent 

14 supportive services to assist persons to achieve 

15 housing stability and maintain their health and 

16 well-being. 

17 (10) POPULATION AT HIGHER RISK OF HOME18 LESSNESS.— 

19 (A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘‘population 

20 at higher risk of homelessness’’ means a group 

21 of persons that is defined by a common char22 acteristic and that has been found to experience 

23 homelessness, housing instability, or to be cost24 burdened at a rate higher than that of the gen25 eral public. 


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1 (B) HIGHER RATE.—Information that may 

2 be used in demonstrating such a higher rate in3 cludes data generated by the Federal Govern4 ment, by State or municipal governments, by 

5 peer-reviewed research, and by organizations 

6 having expertise in working with or advocating 

7 on behalf of homeless, housing unstable, or 

8 cost-burdened groups. 

9 (C) INCLUDED POPULATIONS.—Such term 

10 shall include populations for which such higher 

11 rate has already been demonstrated, including 

12 Asian, Black, Latino, Native American, Native 

13 Hawaiian, Pacific Islander and other commu14 nities of color; persons with disabilities, includ15 ing mental health disabilities, elderly persons, 

16 foster and former foster youth; LGBTQ per17 sons, gender non-binary and gender non-con18 forming persons, justice system-involved per19 sons, and veterans. 


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1 TITLE I—SUPPORTED ALTER2 NATIVES TO PENALIZATION 

3 OF PERSONS EXPERIENCING 

4 HOMELESSNESS 

5 SEC. 101. GRANT AUTHORIZATION. 

6 The Attorney General is authorized to make grants 

7 to States, units of local government, public and commu8 nity defender systems, and nonprofit organizations to cre9 ate or expand alternatives to penalizing homelessness. 

10 SEC. 102. APPLICATION. 

11 (a) IN GENERAL.—An entity seeking a grant under 

12 this title shall submit to the Attorney General an applica13 tion at such time, in such manner, and containing such 

14 information as the Attorney General may reasonably re15 quire, including an assurance described in subsection (b). 

16 (b) ASSURANCE DESCRIBED.—An assurance de17 scribed in this subsection is an assurance that the entity 

18 has in place a policy protecting employees, persons, and 

19 communities served by the entity from discrimination 

20 under applicable civil rights laws, and that such policy in21 cludes protection from discrimination on the basis of gen22 der-related identity, appearance, mannerisms, or other 

23 gender-related characteristics of an individual, regardless 

24 of the individual’s designated sex at birth. 


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1 (c) NONPROFIT EXPERTISE.—In addition to the as2 surance described in subsection (b), a nonprofit organiza3 tion seeking a grant under this title shall demonstrate in 

4 its application that it has a proven history of— 

5 (1) successful engagement with populations ex6 periencing homelessness and housing instability, in7 cluding members of a population at higher risk of 

8 homelessness; or 

9 (2) assisting communities to engage in alter10 natives to penalizing homelessness. 

11 SEC. 103. USE OF FUNDS. 

12 An entity that receives a grant under this title may 

13 use funds received under this title for any of the following: 

14 (1) Creating or expanding a diversion program, 

15 including a law enforcement assisted diversion pro16 gram, which program includes— 

17 (A) a focus on reducing racial disparity in 

18 law enforcement and prosecution; 

19 (B) reliance on harm-reduction principles; 

20 (C) collaboration with community-based, 

21 trauma-informed organizations; 

22 (D) development of pre-arrest diversion 

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1 ness, and community based health and service 

2 providers; and 

3 (E) a primary focus on providing diversion 

4 services to persons and communities that are 

5 homeless or at risk of homelessness. 

6 (2) Providing technical support to jurisdictions 

7 that are working to reduce the extent to which the 

8 laws or policies in that jurisdiction penalize home9 lessness, including— 

10 (A) assisting the jurisdiction in creating 

11 procedures, programs, and infrastructure to 

12 safeguard the personal property of persons ex13 periencing homelessness or housing instability, 

14 in consultation with persons and organizations 

15 representing such persons; 

16 (B) developing protocols for pre-booking 

17 diversion for offenses in cases where the inci18 dent is related to homelessness or housing in19 stability, a mental health condition, or addic20 tion; and 

21 (C) identifying statutes, regulations, and 

22 policies that penalize homeless and housing un23 stable persons, and identifying, pursuing, and 

24 implementing alternatives that promote Hous25 ing First, permanent supportive housing, and 


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1 the health, safety and self-determination of 

2 such persons. 

3 (3) Creating, supporting, expanding, or study4 ing mobile crisis intervention teams that are trained 

5 to provide stabilization services to persons with an 

6 urgent medical or psychological need, as an alter7 native to a law enforcement response, which teams 

8 may include healthcare professionals, mental health 

9 professionals, addiction counselors, housing referral 

10 specialists, groups serving or representing justice 

11 system-involved or housing unstable persons, and 

12 other related resource providers. 

13 SEC. 104. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 

14 There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out 

15 this title $100,000,000 for the first fiscal year com16 mencing after the date of the enactment of this Act and 

17 for each of the next nine succeeding fiscal years thereafter. 

18 TITLE II—INVESTING IN INFRA19 STRUCTURE TO ADDRESS 

20 BASIC HUMAN NEEDS 

21 SEC. 201. CDBG PLUS PROGRAM. 

22 Title IV of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance 

23 Act (42 U.S.C. 11360 et seq.) is amended by adding at 

24 the end the following new subtitle: 


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1 ‘‘Subtitle E—Community Develop2 ment Block Grant Plus Program 

3 ‘‘SEC. 496. CDBG PLUS PROGRAM. 

4 ‘‘(a) AUTHORITY.—The Secretary of Housing and 

5 Urban Development shall carry out a Community Develop6 ment Block Grant Plus Program under this section (in 

7 this section referred to as the ‘CDBG Plus Program’) to 

8 provide assistance to units of general local government 

9 and States for activities to benefit homeless, housing un10 stable, or cost-burdened households, as such terms are de11 fined in section 2 of the Housing Is a Human Right Act 

12 of 2023. 

13 ‘‘(b) STRUCTURE.—The CDBG Plus Program shall 

14 be carried out in the same manner and subject to the same 

15 requirements and limitations applicable to the community 

16 development block grant program under title I of the 

17 Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (42 

18 U.S.C. 5301 et seq.), except to the extent otherwise pro19 vided— 

20 ‘‘(1) by this section; or 

21 ‘‘(2) by the Secretary, to account for differences 

22 between— 

23 ‘‘(A) the primary objectives of such block 

24 grant program and the CDBG Plus Program 


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1 (as provided in subsection (c) of this section); 

2 and 

3 ‘‘(B) the primary benefit requirement of 

4 such block grant program under section 101(c) 

5 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 5301(c)) and the pri6 mary benefit requirement of the CDBG Plus 

7 Program (as provided in subsection (d) of this 

8 section). 

9 ‘‘(c) PRIMARY OBJECTIVE.—The primary objective of 

10 this section and of the CDBG Plus Program of each 

11 grantee under the program shall be to reduce and end 

12 homelessness and housing instability and to reduce and 

13 prevent housing-related cost-burdens, with priority given 

14 to providing housing for low-income and extremely low15 income households and for members of a population at 

16 higher risk of homelessness, as such term is defined in 

17 section 2 of the Housing Is a Human Right Act of 2023. 

18 ‘‘(d) PRIMARY BENEFIT REQUIREMENT.—Consistent 

19 with the primary objective under subsection (c), all of the 

20 Federal assistance provided to States and units of general 

21 local government under the CDBG Plus Program shall be 

22 used for the support of activities that benefit homeless, 

23 housing unstable, or cost-burdened households. 

24 ‘‘(e) PROGRAM DIFFERENCES.—Notwithstanding 

25 any provision of title I of the Housing and Community 


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1 Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5301 et seq.), the 

2 CDBG Plus Program shall be subject to the following re3 quirements: 

4 ‘‘(1) ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES.—Notwithstanding 

5 section 105 of such title (42 U.S.C. 5305), activities 

6 assisted under the CDBG Plus Program may include 

7 only the following activities: 

8 ‘‘(A) Projects that improve compliance 

9 with the Americans With Disabilities Act of 

10 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.), projects that 

11 address other barriers to full community par12 ticipation, integration, and access as identified 

13 by directly impacted persons with disabilities 

14 who experience homelessness or housing insta15 bility, and projects directed to the removal of 

16 material and architectural barriers which re17 strict the mobility and accessibility of elderly 

18 persons and persons with disabilities, and 

19 projects that assist elderly persons to age in 

20 place. 

21 ‘‘(B) The acquisition of real property (in22 cluding air rights, water rights, and other inter23 ests therein), that— 

24 ‘‘(i) is appropriate for rehabilitation, 

25 conservation, or construction of permanent 


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1 affordable housing or transitional housing; 

2 or 

3 ‘‘(ii) is being acquired by or on behalf 

4 of a group of persons who are homeless, 

5 housing unstable, or at risk of homeless6 ness to provide housing, land, or self-deter7 mination to that group of persons. 

8 ‘‘(C) The provision of public services that 

9 increase stability and housing access for per10 sons experiencing homelessness or housing in11 stability, including services associated with per12 manent supportive housing, housing search and 

13 placement support, and legal services. 

14 ‘‘(D) Activities necessary to develop, imple15 ment, or evaluate a comprehensive plan to end 

16 homelessness and housing instability. 

17 ‘‘(E) The rehabilitation, development, or 

18 construction of dignified and humane housing 

19 that is permanently affordable to persons earn20 ing 30 percent or less of the median income for 

21 the area in which the housing is located, includ22 ing the construction and maintenance of public 

23 housing units and the creation of new forms of 

24 housing, such as tiny homes. 


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1 ‘‘(F) The acquisition, rehabilitation, ren2 ovation, or conversion of transitional housing, 

3 temporary shelters, and other spaces, such as 

4 hotels, motels, government-owned properties, 

5 and commercial business spaces, to address ur6 gent safety and public health needs for persons 

7 experiencing homelessness and housing insta8 bility, except that no funds shall be granted to 

9 any projects by government units or municipali10 ties that penalize homelessness or force or co11 erce persons to utilize those spaces. 

12 ‘‘(G) All necessary activities to create, 

13 maintain, and offer to the public the types of 

14 infrastructure necessary to address basic 

15 human needs, including public bathrooms, 

16 water fountains, and places to sit and rest. 

17 ‘‘(H) Projects that ensure access to spe18 cialized medical respite housing and associated 

19 services and supports for persons experiencing 

20 homelessness or housing instability who are 

21 sick, injured, or who have been discharged from 

22 hospitals, nursing facilities, or similar facilities. 

23 Notwithstanding any provision of title I of the Hous24 ing and Community Development Act of 1974, the 

25 construction of new affordable housing in accordance 


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1 with this paragraph is specifically permitted as an 

2 eligible activity of the CDBG Plus Program. 

3 ‘‘(2) FORMULA DISTRIBUTION.— 

4 ‘‘(A) USE OF EXISTING REGULATIONS.— 

5 Until the regulations required under subpara6 graph (B) take effect, amounts made available 

7 for assistance under this title shall be allocated 

8 pursuant to the formula established under sec9 tion 106 of the Housing and Community Devel10 opment Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5306). 

11 ‘‘(B) NEW FORMULA.—Not later than the 

12 expiration of the 12-month period beginning on 

13 the date of the enactment of this Act, the Sec14 retary shall issue regulations that establish a 

15 formula for allocation of amounts made avail16 able for assistance under this title that utilizes 

17 factors that more directly correlate to need of 

18 grantees for such amounts to address homeless19 ness, housing instability, and cost-burdened 

20 households. 

21 ‘‘(3) CITIZEN PARTICIPATION PLAN.—In addi22 tion to citizen participation requirements under sec23 tion 104(a) of such title (42 U.S.C. 5304(a)), the 

24 citizenship participation process of each grantee 

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1 tive participation of homeless, housing unstable, and 

2 cost-burdened households in directing the use of as3 sistance provided under the Program. 

4 ‘‘(4) NON-DISPLACEMENT.—Notwithstanding 

5 section 104(d) of such title (42 U.S.C. 5304(d)), 

6 each grantee under the CDBG Plus Program shall— 

7 ‘‘(A) certify that the activities funded with 

8 assistance provided under the program will not 

9 displace low- and moderate-income people; and 

10 ‘‘(B) take such actions as the Secretary 

11 considers necessary to inform residents of 

12 grantee community of a phone number for the 

13 Department of Housing and Urban Develop14 ment which may be used to inform the Depart15 ment of any such activities that may be causing 

16 the displacement of low- and moderate-income 

17 residents. 

18 ‘‘(5) EXPEDITED ASSISTANCE.—The Secretary 

19 shall provide for expedited funding under the CDBG 

20 Plus program for any grantee that demonstrates 

21 that Federal property is available in the jurisdiction 

22 of the grantee that could be used to address home23 lessness and associated needs or housing instability 

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1 dressed through funds provided under the CDBG 

2 Plus Program. 

3 ‘‘(6) HOUSING-FIRST.—In allocating amounts 

4 for grants under the CDBG Plus Program, the Sec5 retary shall prioritize affordable housing creation, 

6 permanent supportive housing, and supportive serv7 ices utilizing a Housing First model, and other in8 frastructure to address basic human needs. 

9 ‘‘(7) SUSTAINABILITY, RESILIENCE, AND

10 WATER AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY.—Not less than 

11 10 percent of all amounts made available for assist12 ance pursuant to this section shall be used only for 

13 eligible activities relating to sustainability, resilience, 

14 water and energy efficiency and, at the Secretary’s 

15 discretion, other strategies to enhance the environ16 mental sustainability and climate resilience of pro17 duction, design, and construction of structures fund18 ed under the program under this section. Eligible ac19 tivities shall include— 

20 ‘‘(A) construction that utilizes local, nat21 ural materials developed using sustainable 

22 methods that produce few or no carbon emis23 sions; or other sustainable materials; 

24 ‘‘(B) use of sustainable appliances made in 

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1 ances, and use of appliance, materials, and pro2 cedures that bring the structure into compli3 ance with the Environmental Protection Agen4 cy’s WaterSense certification for efficient water 

5 use and Energy Star certification for energy-ef6 ficient appliances; 

7 ‘‘(C) construction or retrofit to build high8 ly energy-efficient structures that produce on9 site, or procure, enough carbon-free renewable 

10 energy to meet total energy consumption annu11 ally; 

12 ‘‘(D) use of renewable energy, which shall 

13 include— 

14 ‘‘(i) utility-, community-, and small15 scale photovoltaic and thermal solar en16 ergy; 

17 ‘‘(ii) utility- and small-scale wind en18 ergy; 

19 ‘‘(iii) geothermal energy; 

20 ‘‘(iv) microturbine hydroelectricity; 

21 ‘‘(v) energy efficiency; 

22 ‘‘(vi) building electrification; 

23 ‘‘(vii) energy storage; 

24 ‘‘(viii) microgrids; and 


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1 ‘‘(ix) modern distribution grid infra2 structure; and 

3 ‘‘(E) construction, retrofit, alternations, or 

4 repair that brings the structure into compliance 

5 with an Environmental Protection Agency or 

6 sustainable construction industry-recognized 

7 standard, including the Leadership in Energy 

8 and Environmental Design, International Green 

9 Construction Code, ASHRAE 189.1, National 

10 Green Building Standard, Green Globes, Living 

11 Building Challenge, and Building Research Es12 tablishment Environmental Assessment Method 

13 (BREEAM). 

14 ‘‘(8) NO PENALIZATION OF HOMELESSNESS.— 

15 In allocating amounts for grants under the program 

16 under this section, the Secretary shall prioritize ap17 plicants with a dedicated commitment to reducing 

18 and ending the penalization of homelessness and ap19 plicants that can demonstrate compliance with Cen20 ter for Disease Control standards on appropriate re21 sponses to the coronavirus disease 2019 for persons 

22 experiencing unsheltered homelessness. 

23 ‘‘(f) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this sec24 tion may be construed to affect or alter the community 

25 development block grant program under title I of the 


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1 Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (42 

2 U.S.C. 5301 et seq.). 

3 ‘‘(g) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 

4 is authorized to be appropriated for assistance under the 

5 CDBG Plus Program under this section, for the first fiscal 

6 year commencing after the date of the enactment of this 

7 Act and for each of the next nine succeeding fiscal years 

8 thereafter, an amount equal to the difference between 

9 $6,000,000,000 and the amount credited for such use for 

10 such fiscal year pursuant to section 301(3) of the Housing 

11 Is a Human Right Act of 2023.’’. 

12 SEC. 202. LIBRARY PILOT GRANTS. 

13 (a) AUTHORIZATION.—From amounts made available 

14 under subsection (g) for a fiscal year, the Institute of Mu15 seum and Library Services (in this section referred to as 

16 the ‘‘Institute’’) shall award grants, on a competitive 

17 basis, to enable municipal, county, and State library ad18 ministrative agencies to award subgrants to public librar19 ies, school libraries, and public law school libraries for car20 rying out pilot programs to address the needs of homeless 

21 and housing-unstable persons. 

22 (b) PILOT PROGRAMS.—Each pilot program assisted 

23 with amounts from a subgrant under this section shall 

24 allow a library system or systems to create or expand 

25 projects or services that primarily address the needs of 


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1 homeless and housing-unstable persons. Preference shall 

2 be given to funding proposals that integrate with existing 

3 Federal or State programs that serve homeless persons, 

4 housing-unstable individuals, and cost-burdened house5 holds. 

6 (c) AUTHORIZED AGENCY.—The Institute shall dis7 burse funding made available to carry out this section. 

8 The Institute may consult with the Secretary of Housing 

9 and Urban Development, the Interagency Council on 

10 Homelessness, or any other appropriate agency to ensure 

11 that funds are disbursed and utilized appropriately. 

12 (d) APPLICATIONS.—To be eligible for a grant under 

13 this section, a municipal, county, or State library adminis14 trative agency shall submit an application at such time, 

15 in such manner, and containing such information as the 

16 Institute may require. Each application shall include— 

17 (1) a description of how the municipal, county, 

18 or State library administrative agency will award 

19 subgrants described in subsection (e), including any 

20 priorities or considerations that will be applied in 

21 making such awards, with an emphasis toward sup22 porting programs addressing the needs of homeless 

23 persons; 

24 (2) a description of how the municipal, county, 

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1 nate, in a timely manner, information regarding the 

2 subgrants described in subsection (e) and the appli3 cation process for such subgrants; 

4 (3) a description of the criteria that the munic5 ipal, county, or State library administrative agency 

6 will require for the programs; and 

7 (4) an assurance from the municipal, county, or 

8 State library administrative agency that each eligible 

9 library that receives a subgrant will provide pro10 grams that primarily serve persons who are homeless 

11 or housing-unstable. 

12 (e) SUBGRANTS.— 

13 (1) IN GENERAL.—Each municipal, county, or 

14 State library administrative agency receiving a grant 

15 under this section may use such grant amounts to 

16 provide subgrants, on a competitive basis, to a pub17 lic library, school library, or public law school librar18 ies to enable such libraries to provide programs that 

19 address the need of homeless persons. 

20 (2) APPLICATIONS.—To be eligible for a 

21 subgrant under this subsection, a public library, 

22 school library, or public law school library shall sub23 mit an application at such time, in such manner, 

24 and containing such information as the municipal, 


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1 county, or State library administrative agency may 

2 require. Each application shall include— 

3 (A) a description of the homelessness-re4 lated programs that the eligible local library ad5 ministrative agency will provide at each library 

6 to be assisted; and 

7 (B) a description of how community or 

8 governmental partners will be involved in the 

9 homelessness-related programs of the library. 

10 (3) CRITERIA FOR AWARDS.—A municipal, 

11 county, or State library administrative agency re12 ceiving a grant under this section shall award sub13 grants based on— 

14 (A) the proposed number of libraries and 

15 the estimated number of homeless persons that 

16 will be served under the homelessness-related 

17 programs; and 

18 (B) any other criteria established by the 

19 municipal, county, or State library administra20 tive agency in the application submitted under 

21 subsection (d). 

22 (f) REPORTS.—Each State library administrative 

23 agency receiving a grant under this section for a fiscal 

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1 tute regarding the progress made in achieving the pur2 poses of the grant. 

3 (g) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 

4 authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 

5 $10,000,000 for the first fiscal year commencing after the 

6 date of the enactment of this Act and for each of the next 

7 nine succeeding fiscal years thereafter. 

8 SEC. 203. USE OF UNUTILIZED AND UNDERUTILIZED PUB9 LIC BUILDINGS AND REAL PROPERTY TO AS10 SIST THE HOMELESS. 

11 Section 501 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assist12 ance Act (42 U.S.C. 11411) is amended— 

13 (1) in subsection (d)— 

14 (A) in paragraph (1), strike ‘‘30’’ and in15 sert ‘‘365’’; and 

16 (B) in paragraph (2), strike ‘‘30-day’’ and 

17 insert ‘‘365-day’’; 

18 (2) in subsection (e)(2)(A), strike ‘‘75’’ and in19 sert ‘‘365’’; and 

20 (3) in subsection (f), by adding at the end the 

21 following new paragraph: 

22 ‘‘(5)(A) In the case of a representative of the home23 less who has received a grant under a CDBG Plus Pro24 gram under section 496 of this Act, such representative 

25 shall, notwithstanding any other provision of this title, be 


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1 considered eligible for conveyance of any real or personal 

2 property requested under the authority of this section or 

3 section 502 (42 U.S.C. 11412). 

4 ‘‘(B) A request by such a representative shall be ex5 pedited and shall not be subject to the review processes 

6 under such sections. It shall be the burden of the Sec7 retary to present any reasons why the grantee should not 

8 receive the requested property, and absent extraordinary 

9 circumstances, including danger to the grantee or poten10 tial harmful environmental impact that would be impos11 sible to mitigate, the representative of the homeless shall 

12 be presumed to qualify for the property requested. 

13 ‘‘(C) Conveyances of properties pursuant to this sec14 tion shall be made deed, and not by lease, unless explicitly 

15 requested otherwise by the representative of the homeless. 

16 ‘‘(D) The Secretary shall identify and implement a 

17 process by which such grant recipients and applicants 

18 shall be— 

19 ‘‘(i) regularly notified of their eligibility status 

20 under this paragraph; 

21 ‘‘(ii) notified of all lists of available properties; 

22 ‘‘(iii) presumed to be eligible for transfers of 

23 property; 

24 ‘‘(iv) prioritized and expedited for transfers of 

25 property; 


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1 ‘‘(v) permitted to appeal to the Secretary for re2 consideration; 

3 ‘‘(vi) expedited access to properties; and 

4 ‘‘(vii) conveyed properties pursuant to subpara5 graph (C).’’. 

6 TITLE III—INVESTING IN COM7 MUNITY STABILITY AND 

8 WELL-BEING 

9 SEC. 301. TREATMENT OF REVENUE GENERATED. 

10 For each fiscal year, the Secretary of the Treasury 

11 shall determine the amount of revenues accruing to the 

12 general fund of the Treasury by reason of the enactment 

13 of title VI of this Act and shall credit an amount equal 

14 to such revenues to the Secretary of Housing and Urban 

15 Development as follows: 

16 (1) The Secretary shall credit 40 percent of 

17 such revenues for assistance under the emergency 

18 solutions grant program authorized under subtitle B 

19 of title IV of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assist20 ance Act (42 U.S.C. 11371 et seq.). 

21 (2) The Secretary shall credit 40 percent of 

22 such revenues for assistance under the continuum of 

23 care program authorized under subtitle C of the 

24 McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 

25 U.S.C. 11381 et seq.). 


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1 (3) The Secretary shall credit 20 percent of 

2 such revenues for assistance under the Community 

3 Development Block Grant Plus Program, authorized 

4 under section 496 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless 

5 Assistance Act (as added by section 201 of this Act). 

6 SEC. 302. EMERGENCY SOLUTIONS GRANT PROGRAM. 

7 There is authorized to be appropriated to the Sec8 retary of Housing and Urban Development, for the first 

9 fiscal year commencing after the date of the enactment 

10 of this Act and each of the next nine succeeding fiscal 

11 years thereafter, to make grants under the emergency so12 lutions grant program authorized under subtitle B of title 

13 IV of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 

14 U.S.C. 11371 et seq.), an amount equal to the difference 

15 between $10,000,000,000 and the amount credited for 

16 such use for such fiscal year pursuant to section 301(1) 

17 of this Act. 

18 SEC. 303. CONTINUUM OF CARE GRANT PROGRAM. 

19 There is authorized to be appropriated to the Sec20 retary of Housing and Urban Development, for the first 

21 fiscal year commencing after the date of the enactment 

22 of this Act and each of the next nine succeeding fiscal 

23 years thereafter, to make grants under the continuum of 

24 care program authorized under subtitle C of the McKin25 ney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11381 et 


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1 seq.), an amount equal to the difference between 

2 $10,000,000,000 and the amount credited for such use for 

3 such fiscal year pursuant to section 301(2) of this Act. 

4 SEC. 304. FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY 

5 EMERGENCY FOOD AND SHELTER GRANT 

6 PROGRAM. 

7 (a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 

8 authorized to be appropriated, for the first fiscal year com9 mencing after the date of the enactment of this Act and 

10 each of the next nine succeeding fiscal years thereafter, 

11 $1,000,000,000 for emergency food and shelter grants 

12 under subtitle B of title III of the McKinney-Vento Home13 less Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11341 et seq.). 

14 (b) NATIONAL BOARD MEMBERSHIP.—Subsection 

15 (b) of section 301 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless As16 sistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11331(b)) is amended— 

17 (1) in the first sentence, by striking ‘‘6 mem18 bers’’ and inserting ‘‘ at least 8 members’’; 

19 (2) in the third sentence by striking ‘‘Each 

20 such member’’ and inserting ‘‘Four members’’; and 

21 (3) by inserting after and below paragraph (6) 

22 the following flush matter: 

23 ‘‘At least 4 members shall be appointed from among indi24 viduals nominated by national organizations identified by 

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1 agency Council on Homelessness, that represent a popu2 lation at higher risk of homelessness (as such term is de3 fined in section 2 of the Housing Is a Human Right Act 

4 of 2023).’’. 

5 (c) ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES.—Subsection (a) of section 

6 313 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 

7 U.S.C. 11343(a)) is amended— 

8 (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘hygiene,’’ 

9 after ‘‘food,’’; 

10 (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 

11 end; and 

12 (3) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the 

13 following new paragraphs: 

14 ‘‘(3) to conduct rehabilitation of existing shelter 

15 or feeding facilities to ensure such facilities are safe, 

16 sanitary, and in compliance with local building 

17 codes; 

18 ‘‘(4) to provide flexible and appropriate access 

19 to temporary shelter; 

20 ‘‘(5) to build and maintain new forms of safe 

21 and sanitary shelters, including tiny homes; and 

22 ‘‘(6) to provide supports, including shelter, 

23 transitional housing, and specialized medical respite 

24 shelter and associated services to homeless or hous25 ing-unstable (as such term is defined in section 2 of 


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1 the Housing Is a Human Right Act of 2023) elderly 

2 persons, persons with disabilities, and persons who 

3 are or have been sick or injured, and to persons are 

4 who are being discharged or who have recently been 

5 discharged from hospitals, nursing facilities or simi6 lar facilities’’. 

7 (d) DISTRIBUTION OF AMOUNTS.—Paragraph (2) of 

8 section 316(a) of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assist9 ance Act (42 U.S.C. 11346(a)(2)) is amended by inserting 

10 before the semicolon the following: ‘‘, which shall provide 

11 for consideration of regional variation in housing costs and 

12 costs of living, rates of homelessness and housing insta13 bility, and income inequality’’. 

14 (e) APPROPRIATE NON-DISCRIMINATION POLICY.— 

15 (1) NATIONAL AND LOCAL BOARDS.—Section 

16 301 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance 

17 Act (42 U.S.C. 11331) is amended by adding at the 

18 end the following new subsection: 

19 ‘‘(f) APPROPRIATE NON-DISCRIMINATION POLICY.— 

20 The National Board shall— 

21 ‘‘(1) at all times having in effect a policy that 

22 prohibits discrimination against persons in all class23 es provided protection against discrimination under 

24 Federal law and explicitly prohibits discrimination 

25 based on the gender-related identity, appearance, 


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1 mannerisms, or other gender-related characteristics 

2 of an individual, regardless of the individual’s des3 ignated sex at birth; and 

4 ‘‘(2) require each local board designated pursu5 ant to section 302 to have in effect a policy de6 scribed in paragraph (1) of this subsection.’’. 

7 (2) SERVICE PROVIDERS.—Subsection (a) of 

8 section 316 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assist9 ance Act (42 U.S.C. 11346(a)) is amended— 

10 (A) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘and’’ at 

11 the end; 

12 (B) in paragraph (6), by striking the pe13 riod at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 

14 (C) by adding at the end the following new 

15 paragraph: 

16 ‘‘(7) guidelines requiring each private nonprofit 

17 organization and local government carrying out a 

18 local emergency food and shelter program with 

19 amounts provided under this subtitle to have in ef20 fect, with respect to such program, a policy de21 scribed in section 301(f)(1).’’. 

22 (f) GAO STUDY OF ALLOCATION FORMULA.—The 

23 Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct 

24 a study to identify and analyze the methods in effect on 

25 the date of the enactment of this Act for determining the 


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1 amount and distribution of assistance under the Emer2 gency Food and Shelter Grants Program of the Federal 

3 Emergency Management Agency under subtitle B of title 

4 III of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 

5 U.S.C. 11341 et seq.) to determine whether such current 

6 methods adequately address the needs of homeless persons 

7 and the communities that serve them. Not later than the 

8 expiration of the 12-month period beginning on the date 

9 of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall 

10 submit a report to the Congress detailing the findings of 

11 such study and making recommendations as to how the 

12 Emergency Food and Shelter Program National Board 

13 should revise such methods to more adequately and accu14 rately meet such needs. 

15 (g) GAO STUDY OF COMPLIANCE WITH PARTICIPA16 TION REQUIREMENTS.—The Comptroller General of the 

17 United States shall conduct a study to identify and ana18 lyze the extent to which recipient service providers under 

19 the Emergency Food and Shelter Grants Program of the 

20 Federal Emergency Management Agency under subtitle B 

21 of title III of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance 

22 Act (42 U.S.C. 11341 et seq.) comply with the provisions 

23 of the guidelines for such Program required under para24 graphs (5) and (6) of section 316(a) of such Act (42 

25 U.S.C. 11346(a); relating to involvement and participation 


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1 of homeless individuals). Not later than the expiration of 

2 the 24-month period beginning on the date of the enact3 ment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit 

4 a report to the Congress detailing the findings of such 

5 study, including identifying any barriers to compliance 

6 and the level of compliance and recommending models for 

7 compliance (including specific models used by such recipi8 ent service providers) and suggested support methods to 

9 assist recipients to comply. 

10 SEC. 305. REQUIREMENTS. 

11 (a) LIMITATION ON MATCHING FUNDS REQUIRE12 MENTS.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in 

13 the case of any grant made using amounts made available 

14 by this Act to any recipient that is a governmental unit, 

15 non-Federal supplemental or matching funding shall not 

16 be required for such grant if such recipient demonstrates 

17 to the satisfaction of the Secretary that— 

18 (1) assistance using such grant amounts will be 

19 provided in accordance with a Housing First strat20 egy for addressing homelessness in the area in which 

21 the assistance is used; 

22 (2) the recipient has created and implemented 

23 a formal plan to cease to penalize homelessness; 

24 (3) the recipient has established a formal plan 

25 to identify and address structural and implicit bias 


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1 in implementation of programs funded under this 

2 Act that specifically addresses potential bias towards 

3 members of groups identified a population at higher 

4 risk of homelessness, as such term is defined in sec5 tion 2 of this Act; 

6 (4) the recipient has established a formal plan 

7 to facilitate issuance and replacement of personal 

8 identification documents issued by the recipient for 

9 persons who are homeless or housing-unstable; 

10 (5) in the case of any recipient that administers 

11 elections, the recipient has established a plan to en12 sure that persons who are homeless or housing-un13 stable are not prevented from voting due to irregular 

14 or non-existent addresses or other similar barriers; 

15 and 

16 (6) the recipient has procedures in effect for 

17 interacting with the property of homeless persons 

18 that— 

19 (A) require a minimum of three days prior 

20 notice shall be given before property is moved 

21 or disposed of; 

22 (B) provide a plan that safeguards any 

23 item that is not clearly trash for a minimum of 

24 30 days; and 


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1 (C) allow persons experiencing homeless2 ness to easily retrieve their possessions. 

3 (b) REQUIREMENT FOR ONGOING EFFORTS.—Assist4 ance made available under this Act may not be provided 

5 to any governmental unit unless such unit demonstrates, 

6 to the satisfaction of the Secretary, that such entity has 

7 in effect, or is actively working toward implementing, poli8 cies, regulations, or other requirements sufficient to en9 sure the following within the jurisdiction of such entity: 

10 (1) Any law that imposes a criminal punish11 ment on a person or groups of persons who are 

12 homeless, or who has no other place to go, for sleep13 ing outside or on public property is not being en14 forced. 

15 (2) Effective procedures are in effect for inter16 acting with the property of homeless persons that 

17 comply with due process protections of the 14th 

18 Amendment to the Constitution of the United 

19 States. 

20 (c) NON-GOVERNMENTAL ENTITIES.—Assistance 

21 made available under this Act may not be provided to any 

22 entity that is not a governmental unit unless such entity 

23 demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Secretary that— 

24 (1) such entity has in effect, or is actively work25 ing toward implementing, a procedure that provides 


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1 for regular community participation, comment, feed2 back, and guidance on the activities and perform3 ance in serving homeless, housing-unstable, and 

4 cost-burdened individuals and households; and 

5 (2) in the case of any entity that in any fiscal 

6 year receives more than $1,000,000 from amounts 

7 made available under this Act, all personnel carrying 

8 out activities assisted with amounts made available 

9 under this Act whose responsibilities involve regular 

10 contact with homeless, housing-unstable, or cost-bur11 dened individuals or households, or who have man12 agement positions overseeing personnel in regular 

13 contact with homeless, housing-unstable, or cost-bur14 dened individuals or households, are adequately 

15 trained regarding harm reduction, de-escalation 

16 techniques, trauma-informed care, implicit bias, cul17 tural competency, and disability rights. 

18 (d) ALL ENTITIES.—Assistance made available under 

19 this Act may not be provided to any entity, whether a gov20 ernmental unit or a non-governmental entity, unless such 

21 entity demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Secretary 

22 that such entity has in effect a written non-discrimination 

23 policy that— 


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1 (1) prohibits discrimination against persons in 

2 all classes provided protection against discrimination 

3 under Federal law; and 

4 (2) explicitly prohibits discrimination based on 

5 the gender-related identity, appearance, mannerisms, 

6 or other gender-related characteristics of an indi7 vidual, regardless of the individual’s designated sex 

8 at birth. 

9 SEC. 306. GAO STUDY OF REQUIREMENTS REGARDING PAR10 TICIPATION AND INVOLVEMENT OF HOME11 LESS INDIVIDUALS. 

12 (a) STUDY.—The Comptroller General of the United 

13 States shall conduct a study to identify and analyze the 

14 extent to which— 

15 (1) recipient service providers under the Emer16 gency Food and Shelter Grants Program of the Fed17 eral Emergency Management Agency under subtitle 

18 B of title III of the McKinney-Vento Homeless As19 sistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11341 et seq.) comply with 

20 the provisions of the guidelines for such Program re21 quired under paragraphs (5) and (6) of section 

22 316(a) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 11346(a); relating to 

23 involvement and participation of homeless individ24 uals); and 


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1 (2) recipients under the Emergency Solutions 

2 Grant Program under subtitle B of title IV of the 

3 McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 

4 U.S.C. 11371 et seq.) comply with the requirements 

5 under section 416(d) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 

6 11375(d); relating to participation of homeless indi7 viduals). 

8 (b) REPORT.—Not later than the expiration of the 

9 36-month period beginning on the date of the enactment 

10 of this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit a report 

11 to the Congress detailing the findings of such study, in12 cluding identifying the level of such compliance and any 

13 barriers to compliance with such requirements, and recom14 mending models for compliance (including any effective 

15 specific models used by such recipients) and suggested 

16 support methods to assist recipients to comply. 

17 TITLE IV—ACCESS TO VOTING 

18 SEC. 401. STUDY OF FACTORS ADVERSELY AFFECTING 

19 ABILITY OF HOMELESS AND HOUSING-UNSTA20 BLE INDIVIDUALS TO VOTE. 

21 (a) STUDY.—The Election Assistance Commission 

22 shall conduct a study identifying and analyzing on a State23 by-State basis the factors which adversely affect the ability 

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1 plementation of the REAL ID Act, State laws requiring 

2 voters to provide ID as a condition of voting, and the pe3 nalization of homelessness. 

4 (b) REPORT.—Not later than one year after the date 

5 of the enactment of this Act, the Commission shall submit 

6 to Congress and make available to the public a report on 

7 the study conducted under subsection (a), and shall in8 clude in the report recommendations to address the fac9 tors identified in the study. 

10 (c) STATE DEFINED.—In this section, the term 

11 ‘‘State’’ means each of the several States, the District of 

12 Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, 

13 American Samoa, the United States Virgin Islands, and 

14 the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. 

15 SEC. 402. GRANTS TO FACILITATE VOTING BY HOMELESS 

16 AND HOUSING-UNSTABLE INDIVIDUALS. 

17 (a) GRANTS.—The Election Assistance Commission 

18 shall carry out a program under which the Commission 

19 shall make grants to eligible nonprofit corporations and 

20 eligible units of local government for carrying out pro21 grams and activities which will facilitate voting in elections 

22 for public office by individuals who are homeless or who 

23 are housing-unstable. 

24 (b) ELIGIBILITY.—A nonprofit corporation or a unit 

25 of local government is eligible to receive a grant under the 


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1 program established under this section if the corporation 

2 or unit submits to the Election Assistance Commission, 

3 at such time and in such form as the Commission may 

4 require, an application containing— 

5 (1) in the case of a nonprofit corporation, a cer6 tification that the corporation has in effect a non7 discrimination policy that prohibits discrimination 

8 against persons in all classes provided protection 

9 against discrimination under Federal law and that 

10 further protects against discrimination on the basis 

11 of the gender-related identity, appearance, manner12 isms, or other gender-related characteristics of an 

13 individual, regardless of the individual’s designated 

14 sex at birth; and 

15 (2) such information and assurances as the 

16 Commission may require. 

17 (c) PRIORITIES IN SELECTION OF NONPROFIT COR18 PORATIONS.—In selecting among eligible nonprofit cor19 porations for receiving grants under the program estab20 lished under this section, the Commission shall give pri21 ority to corporations which meet any of the following: 

22 (1) A proven history of working with homeless, 

23 housing-unstable, and cost-burdened households. 

24 (2) A proven history of successfully encouraging 

25 civic participation. 


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1 (3) A proven history of participation by home2 less, housing-unstable, and cost-burdened households 

3 in the leadership and decision-making power of the 

4 corporation. 

5 (4) A proven history of successful engagement 

6 with a population at higher risk of homelessness, in7 cluding— 

8 (A) LGBTQ persons; 

9 (B) foster youth and former foster youth; 

10 (C) Asian, Black, Latino, Native Amer11 ican, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander and 

12 other communities of color; 

13 (D) low-income older adults; 

14 (E) persons with disabilities, including 

15 mental health disabilities; 

16 (F) justice-system-involved persons; and 

17 (G) immigrant communities. 

18 (d) NONPROFIT CORPORATION DEFINED.—In this 

19 section, the term ‘‘nonprofit corporation’’ means a cor20 poration described in section 501(c) of the Internal Rev21 enue Code of 1986 and exempt from taxation under sec22 tion 501(a) of such Code. 

23 (e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 

24 are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 

25 $5,000,000 for the first fiscal year commencing after the 


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1 date of the enactment of this Act and for each of the next 

2 nine succeeding fiscal years thereafter. 

3 TITLE V—UNITED STATES 

4 INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON 

5 HOMELESSNESS 

6 SEC. 501. PERMANENT AUTHORIZATION. 

7 Title II of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance 

8 Act (42 U.S.C. 11311 et seq.) is amended— 

9 (1) in section 208 (42 U.S.C. 11318), by strik10 ing the first sentence and inserting the following: 

11 ‘‘There is authorized to be appropriated for each fis12 cal year $10,000,000 to carry out this title.’’; 

13 (2) by striking section 209 (42 U.S.C. 11319); 

14 and 

15 (3) by redesignating sections 207 and 208 (42 

16 U.S.C. 11317, 11318) as sections 208 and 209, re17 spectively. 

18 SEC. 502. FUNCTIONS. 

19 Section 203 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assist20 ance Act (42 U.S.C. 11313) is amended— 

21 (1) in subsection (a)— 

22 (A) in paragraph (12), by striking ‘‘and’’ 

23 at the end; 

24 (B) in paragraph (13), by striking the pe25 riod at the end and inserting a semicolon; and 


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1 (C) by adding at the end the following new 

2 paragraphs: 

3 ‘‘(14) rely on evidence-based practices; 

4 ‘‘(15) identify and promote successful practices, 

5 including the Housing First strategy and the perma6 nent supportive housing model; and 

7 ‘‘(16) prioritize addressing disparities faced by 

8 members of a population at higher risk of homeless9 ness, as such term is defined in section 2 of the 

10 Housing Is a Human Right Act of 2023, including 

11 by issuing reports and making recommendations to 

12 agencies.’’; and 

13 (2) in subsection (b)— 

14 (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘and’’ 

15 after the semicolon; 

16 (B) in paragraph (2), by striking the pe17 riod at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 

18 (C) by adding at the end the following new 

19 paragraph: 

20 ‘‘(3) make formal reports and recommendations 

21 to Federal agencies, which shall include comments 

22 on how proposed regulatory changes would impact 

23 persons experiencing homelessness, housing insta24 bility, or who are cost-burdened.’’. 


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1 SEC. 503. ADVISORY BOARD. 

2 (a) IN GENERAL.—Title II of the McKinney-Vento 

3 Homeless Assistance Act is amended by inserting after 

4 section 206 (42 U.S.C. 11316) the following new section: 

5 ‘‘SEC. 207. ADVISORY BOARD. 

6 ‘‘(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established an advi7 sory board for the Council. 

8 ‘‘(b) MEMBERSHIP.— 

9 ‘‘(1) SELECTION.—The advisory board shall be 

10 composed of not less than 20 individuals, selected by 

11 the Executive Director of the Council from nominees 

12 proposed pursuant to paragraph (2), as follows: 

13 ‘‘(A) Not less than 10 members shall be 

14 individuals who are homeless or experiencing 

15 housing instability, or were so during the 5 cal16 endar years preceding appointment to the advi17 sory board or who have been so in the last 5 

18 calendar years. 

19 ‘‘(B) Not less than 8 members shall be in20 dividuals who are members of, or advocate on 

21 behalf of, or both, a population at higher risk 

22 of homelessness, as such term is defined in sec23 tion 2 of the Housing Is a Human Right Act 

24 of 2023, including such transgender and gender 

25 non-conforming persons, Asian, Black, Latino, 

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1 lander, and other communities of color, youth 

2 in or formerly in the foster care system, and 

3 justice-system involved youth and adults. 

4 ‘‘(2) NOMINATION.—Nominees for members of 

5 the advisory board shall be proposed by any grantee 

6 or subgrantee under this Act. 

7 ‘‘(3) REPORT.—Upon selection of members of 

8 the advisory board, the Executive Director of the 

9 Council shall submit a report to the Congress identi10 fying the members selected and demonstration com11 pliance with the provisions of this subsection. 

12 ‘‘(4) TERMS.—Members of the advisory board 

13 shall serve terms of 2 years. 

14 ‘‘(c) FUNCTIONS.—The advisory board shall review 

15 the work of the Council, make recommendations regarding 

16 how the Council can most effectively pursue the goal of 

17 ending homelessness, and raise specific points of concern 

18 with members of the Council who represent Federal agen19 cies. 

20 ‘‘(d) MEETINGS.—The advisory board shall meet in 

21 person not less often than twice each year. 

22 ‘‘(e) COUNCIL MEETINGS.—The Council shall meet 

23 regularly not less often than once a year with the advisory 

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1 ommendations, proposals, and concerns issued by the advi2 sory board. 

3 ‘‘(f) CHAIRMAN.—The position of Chairman of the 

4 advisory board shall be filled by an individual who is a 

5 current or former member of the advisory board, is nomi6 nated by at least two members of the advisory board, and 

7 is confirmed by a vote of not less than 75 percent of the 

8 members of the advisory board. 

9 ‘‘(g) COMPENSATION.—Each member of the advisory 

10 board shall receive compensation for their participation in11 cluding a participation stipend in an amount determined 

12 by the Council and travel expenses, including per diem in 

13 lieu of subsistence, in accordance with sections 5702 and 

14 5703 of title 5, United States Code. 

15 ‘‘(h) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—The agencies imple16 menting this Act shall construe this Act in a manner that 

17 facilitates and encourage the full participation of advisory 

18 board members and shall consider the barriers faced by 

19 persons experiencing homelessness and shall endeavor to 

20 overcome such barriers to participation.’’. 

21 (b) REPRESENTATION OF CHAIRMAN ON COUNCIL.— 

22 Section 202(a) of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assist23 ance Act (42 U.S.C. 11312(a)) is amended— 

24 (1) by redesignating paragraph (22) as para25 graph (21); and 


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1 (2) by adding at the end the following new 

2 paragraph: 

3 ‘‘(22) The chairman of the advisory board es4 tablished by section 207.’’. 

5 SEC. 504. DIRECTOR. 

6 Subsection (a) of section 204 of the McKinney-Vento 

7 Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11314(a)) is amend8 ed— 

9 (1) by striking ‘‘(a) DIRECTOR.—The Council 

10 shall appoint an Executive Director, who shall be’’ 

11 and inserting the following: 

12 ‘‘(a) DIRECTOR.— 

13 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The chief executive officer 

14 of the Council shall be the Executive Director, who 

15 shall be appointed in accordance with paragraph (2) 

16 and’’; and 

17 (2) by adding at the end the following new 

18 paragraph: 

19 ‘‘(2) PROCESS FOR APPOINTMENT.—A vacancy 

20 in the position of Executive Director shall be filled 

21 by an individual nominated and appointed to such 

22 position by the Council, except that the Council may 

23 not appoint any nominee who is not confirmed by 

24 approval of 75 percent of the aggregate of all mem25 bers of the Council and the advisory board under 


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1 section 207 pursuant to an election in which each 

2 such member’s vote is given identical weight. If the 

3 Council is unable to agree on an Executive Director, 

4 the chairperson of the advisory council shall act as 

5 interim Executive Director.’’. 

6 SEC. 505. CONFORMING AMENDMENT. 

7 The table of contents in section 101(b) of the McKin8 ney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11301 

9 note) is amended by striking the items relating to sections 

10 209 and 210 and inserting the following: 

‘‘Sec. 209. Encouragement of State involvement.’’. 

11 TITLE VI—REVENUE RELATED 

12 TO HOUSING SPECULATION 

13 AND DISPLACEMENT 

14 SEC. 601. AMENDMENTS TO THE TAX CODE. 

15 (a) IN GENERAL.—Subtitle D of the Internal Rev16 enue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the 

17 following new chapter: 

18 ‘‘CHAPTER 50B—REAL PROPERTY19 RELATED TAXES 

‘‘Sec. 5000E–1. Luxury real property transfers. 

‘‘Sec. 5000E–2. Real property secrecy transfer tax. 

‘‘Sec. 5000E–3. Mass landlord rental tax. 

20 ‘‘SEC. 5000E–1. LUXURY REAL PROPERTY TRANSFERS. 

21 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—There is hereby imposed on the 

22 sale or exchange of real property a tax equal to 5 percent 

23 of the amount realized from such sale or exchange. 


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1 ‘‘(b) LIMITATION.—The tax imposed by this section 

2 shall not apply to a sale or exchange of property unless 

3 the amount realized from such sale or exchange (or from 

4 a series of related sales or exchanges of which such prop5 erty is a part) is at least $10,000,000. 

6 ‘‘(c) LIABILITY FOR TAX.— 

7 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The tax imposed by this 

section shall be paid 1⁄2 by the transferor and 1 8 ⁄2 by 

9 the transferee. 

10 ‘‘(2) EXCEPTIONS.— 

11 ‘‘(A) PROPERTY TRANSFERRED TO TAX12 EXEMPT.—In the case of property transferred 

13 to a tax exempt entity, or a State or local gov14 ernment (or political subdivision thereof), the 

15 tax imposed by this section shall be zero. 

16 ‘‘(B) PROPERTY TRANSFERRED BY TAX17 EXEMPT.—In the case of property transferred 

18 by a tax-exempt entity, or a State or local gov19 ernment (or political subdivision thereof), the 

20 tax imposed by this section shall be paid by the 

21 transferee. 

22 ‘‘(C) TAX EXEMPT ENTITY.—For purposes 

23 of this section, the term ‘tax-exempt entity’ 

24 means any organization which is exempt from 

25 the tax imposed by this chapter unless such 


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1 property is used predominantly in an unrelated 

2 trade or business the income of which is subject 

3 to tax under section 511. 

4 ‘‘(d) REGULATIONS.—The Secretary shall prescribe 

5 such rules as may be necessary or appropriate to prevent 

6 avoidance of the purposes of this section. 

7 ‘‘SEC. 5000E–2. REAL PROPERTY SECRECY TRANSFER TAX. 

8 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—In the case of a sale or exchange 

9 of real property to or from an applicable anonymous enti10 ty, there is hereby imposed on such transfer a tax equal 

11 to $10 for each $100 realized on such sale or exchange. 

12 ‘‘(b) APPLICABLE ANONYMOUS TAXPAYER.— 

13 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—For purposes of this sec14 tion, the term ‘applicable anonymous entity’ means 

15 any entity or trust the beneficial owners of which 

16 are not available by freely accessible public records. 

17 ‘‘(2) BENEFICIAL OWNER.—The term ‘bene18 ficial owner’ means, with respect to any entity, an 

19 individual who has any ownership interest in the en20 tity and— 

21 ‘‘(A) exercises control over the entity, 

22 ‘‘(B) owns equity interest in such entity, or 

23 ‘‘(C) receives substantial economic benefits 

24 from such entity (other than in connection with 

25 employment). 


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1 ‘‘(3) SPECIAL RULE FOR ENTITIES REGISTERED

2 IN GLOBAL LEGAL IDENTIFIER PROGRAM.— 

3 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Paragraph (1) shall 

4 not apply to any entity that participates in the 

5 legal entity identifier program. 

6 ‘‘(B) CONTROLLED GROUPS.—In the case 

7 of any persons treated as a single employer 

8 under subsection (a) or (b) of section 52, or 

9 subsection (m) or (o) of section 414, subpara10 graph (A) shall only apply if each such person 

11 so treated participates in the legal entity identi12 fier program. 

13 ‘‘(c) LIABILITY FOR TAX.— 

14 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Each applicable anonymous 

15 entity who transfers or receives property in a sale or 

16 exchange to which this section applies shall be joint17 ly and severally liable for payment of the tax im18 posed by this section. 

19 ‘‘(2) MEMBERS OF CONTROLLED GROUP.—If 

20 such an applicable anonymous entity is a member of 

21 a controlled group, each member of such controlled 

22 group shall be jointly and severally liable for such 

23 payment. 


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1 ‘‘SEC. 5000E–3. MASS LANDLORD RENTAL TAX. 

2 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—In the case of a covered landlord, 

3 there is hereby imposed on the rental of a dwelling unit 

4 a tax equal to 1 percent of the amount of the rent paid 

5 for such dwelling unit. 

6 ‘‘(b) COVERED LANDLORD.—For purposes of this 

7 section, the term ‘covered landlord’ means any person that 

8 owns— 

9 ‘‘(1) more than 1,000 dwelling units held for 

10 rent within a single metropolitan statistical area, 

11 ‘‘(2) more than 2,000 dwelling units held for 

12 rent, or 

13 ‘‘(3) at least 500 dwelling units held for rent in 

14 at least 3 different States. 

15 ‘‘(c) EXCEPTIONS.— 

16 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Subsection (a) shall not 

17 apply to any dwelling unit subject to a rent control, 

18 just cause, or source of income discrimination law. 

19 ‘‘(2) RENT CONTROL LAW.—For purposes of 

20 this subsection— 

21 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘rent control 

22 law’ means any State or local law which re23 stricts the amount by which a lessor may in24 crease rental payments for a dwelling unit and 

25 allows an affirmative defense to eviction or pri26 vate right of enforcement. 


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1 ‘‘(B) MINIMUM AMOUNT LEVEL OF RENT

2 CONTROL.—A law shall not be treated as a rent 

3 control law with respect to any dwelling unit for 

4 purposes of this paragraph unless the lessor of 

5 such dwelling unit may not, when the lease with 

6 respect to such unit expires, increase monthly 

7 rent by an amount greater than the percentage 

8 increase, if any, over the preceding 12 months 

9 in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban 

10 Consumers or 3 percent of the average monthly 

11 amount paid for the same unit for each month 

12 that the unit was occupied during the previous 

13 12-month period, whichever is greater. 

14 ‘‘(3) JUST CAUSE LAW.—The term ‘just cause 

15 law’ means any State or local law which at least re16 stricts a lessor from evicting lessee by limiting evic17 tions to instances in which— 

18 ‘‘(A) the tenant has— 

19 ‘‘(i) failed to pay rent for 2 or more 

20 consecutive months despite clear and time21 ly notice, 

22 ‘‘(ii) caused substantial destruction to 

23 the rental property, 

24 ‘‘(iii) caused significant danger to 

25 other tenants, or 


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1 ‘‘(iv) significantly and repeatedly vio2 lated an explicit lease term and failed to 

3 cure the violation after being given notice 

4 requesting that the lease term violation be 

5 cured, or 

6 ‘‘(B) the landlord seeks to occupy the unit 

7 for use as a primary residence, or seeks the 

8 availability of the unit for occupancy by an im9 mediate relative as a primary residence. 

10 ‘‘(4) SOURCE OF INCOME DISCRIMINATION

11 LAW.— 

12 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘source of 

13 income discrimination law’ means a State or 

14 local law which places restrictions on a lessor 

15 from rejecting lessee applicants, or to evicting 

16 an existing lessee, due to the lessee’s source of 

17 income. 

18 ‘‘(B) SOURCE OF INCOME.—For purposes 

19 of subparagraph (A), source of income includes 

20 the following: 

21 ‘‘(i) A housing voucher under section 

22 8 of the United States Housing Act of 

23 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f) and any form of 

24 Federal, State, or local housing assistance 

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1 ing owner on behalf of a family, including 

2 rental vouchers, rental assistance, and 

3 rental subsidies from nongovernmental or4 ganizations. 

5 ‘‘(ii) Any income received during a 

6 taxable year as Social Security benefits, as 

7 defined in section 86(d) of the Internal 

8 Revenue Code of 1986, or as supplemental 

9 security income benefits under title XVI of 

10 the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1381 et 

11 seq.). 

12 ‘‘(iii) Any income received by court 

13 order, including spousal support and child 

14 support. 

15 ‘‘(iv) Any payment from a trust, 

16 guardian, or conservator. 

17 ‘‘(v) Any other lawful source of in18 come. 

19 ‘‘(d) AGGREGATION RULES.—All persons treated as 

20 a single employer under subsection (a) or (b) of section 

21 52, or subsection (m) or (o) of section 414, shall be treat22 ed as one person for purposes of applying subsection (b).’’. 


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1 (b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment made by 

2 this section shall apply to sales and exchanges after De3 cember 31, 2023. 

Æ 


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