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https://www.nist.gov/el/fire-research-division-73300/wildland-urban-interface-fire-73305/hazard-mitigation-methodology-18

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Engineering LaboratoryFire Research Division

## Wildland-Urban Interface Fire Group

-  HAZARD MITIGATION METHODOLOGY (HMM)  Expand or Collapse    -  Why Implement HMM in your Community?  Expand or Collapse      -  Exposures During WUI Fires 
    -  HMM vs Traditional Hazard Mitigation 
    -  WUI Definitions 
    -  Structure Survivability in the WUI 
    -  Community Survivability in the WUI 
    -  Paths forward: Implementing HMM 
    -  Communities already implementing HMM 
  -  How Fire Spreads in the WUI  Expand or Collapse      -  How do Structures Survive WUI Fires? 
    -  Fire Spread Pathways 
    -  Why Exposure Matters, not Parcel Boundary 
    -  Hazard from Fuel Agglomeration 
    -  Community-scale WUI Fire Hazards 
  -  Community-Wide Structure- and Parcel-Level Hardening Actions  Expand or Collapse      -  How Density Impacts Community 
    -  Workflow for HMM Hardening Actions 
    -  Structure Hardening for Embers 
    -  Parcel Hardening for Fire: the Three R’s 
    -  Surrounding Parcel Hazard Mitigation 
    -  Primary Parcel Hazard Mitigation 
    -  Structure Hardening for Fire 
    -  Communities Hardening Actions 
  -  Hardening Actions: Construction Guidance 
  -  Contacts 

# Community-scale WUI Fire Hazards

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Properties tightly spaced within a high-density community allow fire to spread easily.

Fuel agglomeration and the proximity of many fuels can become a significant fire hazard in moderate- and high-density communities. Short Structure Separation Distances (SSD) of 8 ft between residential structures, common in high-density communities, pose significant potential for structure-to-structure fire spread. The addition of parcel-level fuels (including fences, decks, sheds, wood piles, and parked vehicles) further contribute fire spread pathways enabling a single ignition to destroy a community. Controlling the spread of fire among homes within dense communities is difficult and can result in heavy losses to the community.

-  **‹** Hazard from Fuel Agglomeration 
-  Community-Wide Structure- and Parcel-Level Hardening Actions **›** 

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