NIST NCSTAR 1, WTC Investigation, Chapter 9, Recommendations 1

Table 9–2a. Standards Affected by the Recommendations.

Affected Standard Group Number Recommendation 

American Concrete Institute, 

ACI 318 - Building Code Requirements for 

Structural Concrete 

1. Increased Structural Integrity 

3. New Methods for Fire Resistant 

Design of Structures 

1, 3, 8, 9, 11 

American Institute of Architects, 

AIA MASTERSPEC – Master Specification 

System for Design Professionals and the 

Building/Construction Industry 

2. Enhanced Fire Endurance of Structures 

3. New Methods for Fire Resistant 

Design of Structures 

6, 10 

American Institute of Architects 

Practice Guidelines 

7. Improved Procedures and Practices 28 

American Institute of Steel 

Construction Specification for Structural 

Steel Buildings 

1. Increased Structural Integrity 

3. New Methods for Fire Resistant 

Design of Structures 

1, 3, 8, 9, 11 

American Society of Civil Engineers, 

ASCE 7 – Minimum Design Loads for 

Buildings and Other Structures 

1. Increased Structural Integrity 

3. New Methods for Fire Resistant 

Design of Structures 

1, 2, 3, 8, 9 

American Society of Civil Engineers, 

ASCE 29 – Standard Calculation Methods 

for Structural Fire Protection 

1. Increased Structural Integrity 

3. New Methods for Fire Resistant 

Design of Structures 

1, 8, 9 

American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 

ASME A 17 – Elevators and Escalators, and 

A 17.1 – Safety Code for Elevators and 

Escalators 

5. Improved Building Evacuation 

6. Improved Emergency Response 

17, 20, 21 

American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 

ASME A 17.3 – Safety Code for Existing 

Elevators and Escalators 

7. Improved Procedures and Practices 26 

Association of the Wall and Ceiling Industry 

AWCI 12 – Design Selection Utilizing 

Sprayed Fire-Resistive Materials 

AWCI 12-A – Standard Practice for the 

Testing and Inspection of Field Applied 

Fire-Resistive Materials 

AWCI 12-B – Standard Practice for the 

Testing and Inspection of Field Applied 

Intumescent Fire-Resistive Materials 

2. Enhanced Fire Endurance of Structures 

3. New Methods for Fire Resistant 

Design of Structures 

6, 10 

ASTM International Committee E 06, 

Performance of Buildings; Subcommittee 

E 06.77, High-Rise Building External 

Evacuation Devices 

5. Improved Building Evacuation 20 

ASTM International, 

ASTM E 119 – Standard Test Methods for 

Fire Tests of Building Construction and 

Materials 

2. Enhanced Fire Endurance of Structures 

3. New Methods for Fire Resistant 

Design of Structures 

5, 11 
NIST NCSTAR 1, WTC Investigation, Chapter 9, Recommendations 2

Affected Standard Group Number Recommendation 

Department of Homeland Security, 

National Incident Management System 

(NIMS) 

6. Improved Emergency Response 23, 24 

Department of Homeland Security, 

National Response Plan (NRP) 

6. Improved Emergency Response 23, 24 

Department of Homeland Security, 

SAFECOM 

6. Improved Emergency Response 22, 23, 24 

Federal Communications Commission, 

Emergency Responder Radio 

Communications Regulations 

6. Improved Emergency Response 22, 23, 24 

International Code Commission/American 

National Standards Institute, ICC/ANSI 

A117.1 – Accessible and Usable Buildings 

and Facilities 

5. Improved Building Evacuation 

6. Improved Emergency Response 

16, 20, 21 

International Organization for 

Standardization, 

ISO 834 – Fire Resistance Tests 

2. Enhanced Fire Endurance of Structures 

3. New Methods for Fire Resistant 

Design of Structures 

5, 11 

National Fire Protection Association, 

NFPA 1 – Fire Prevention Code 

4. Enhanced Active Fire Protection 

7. Improved Procedures and Practices 

12, 13, 14, 15, 26 

National Fire Protection Association, 

NFPA 13 – Installation of Sprinkler Systems 

4. Enhanced Active Fire Protection 12 

National Fire Protection Association, 

NFPA 14 – Installation of Standpipe and 

Hose Systems 

4. Enhanced Active Fire Protection 12 

National Fire Protection Association, 

NFPA 20 – Installation of Stationary Pumps 

for Fire Protection 

4. Enhanced Active Fire Protection 12 

National Fire Protection Association, 

NFPA 70 – National Electrical Code 

6. Improved Emergency Response 21, 22 

National Fire Protection Association, 

NFPA 72 – National Fire Alarm Code 

4. Enhanced Active Fire Protection 12, 13, 14, 15 

National Fire Protection Association, 

NFPA 90A – Standard for Installation of AirConditioning and Ventilating Systems 

4. Enhanced Active Fire Protection 12 

National Fire Protection Association, 

NFPA 101 – Life Safety Code 

4. Enhanced Active Fire Protection 

5. Improved Building Evacuation 

7. Improved Procedures and Practices 

12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 

18, 19, 20, 21, 26 

National Fire Protection Association, 

NFPA 251 – Standard Methods of Tests of 

Fire Endurance of Building Construction and 

Materials 

2. Enhanced Fire Endurance of Structures 

3. New Methods for Fire Resistant 

Design of Structures 

5, 11 

National Fire Protection Association, 

NFPA 297 – Guide on Principles and 

Practices for Communications Systems 

6. Improved Emergency Response 22 
NIST NCSTAR 1, WTC Investigation, Chapter 9, Recommendations 3

Affected Standard Group Number Recommendation 

National Fire Protection Association, 

NFPA 1221 – Standard for the Installation, 

Maintenance, and Use of Emergency Service 

Communications Systems 

6. Improved Emergency Response 21, 22, 23, 24 

National Fire Protection Association, 

NFPA 1500 – Standard on Fire Department 

Occupational Safety and Health 

6. Improved Emergency Response 21, 23, 24 

National Fire Protection Association, 

NFPA 1561 – Standard on Emergency 

Services Incident Management System 

6. Improved Emergency Response 21, 23, 24 

National Fire Protection Association, 

NFPA 1620 – Recommended Practice for 

Pre-Incident Planning 

6. Improved Emergency Response 21, 23, 24 

National Fire Protection Association, 

NFPA 1710 – Standard for the Organization 

and Deployment of Fire Suppression 

Operations, Emergency Medical Operations, 

and Special Operations to the Public by 

Career Fire Departments 

6. Improved Emergency Response 21, 23, 24 

Underwriters Laboratories, UL 263 – Fire 

Tests of Building Construction and Materials 

2. Enhanced Fire Endurance of Structures 

3. New Methods for Fire Resistant 

Design of Structures 

5, 9, 11