# Patent

## Title
Zoom optical system and image pickup apparatus provided with the same

## Abstract

A zoom optical system comprising, in order from the object side, a first lens unit with negative power, a second lens unit with positive power, a third lens unit with positive power, and a fourth lens unit, wherein spacing between the first lens unit and the fourth lens unit is fixed to an image surface, and the second lens unit and the third lens unit are moved on an optical axis so as to change spacings between the respective lens units when the magnification of the zoom optical system is changed. The third lens unit comprises lens elements more than three, including an aperture stop, at least a lens element with positive power and at least a lens element with negative power, and the most image-side lens element of the third lens unit is a meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image side.

## Background
This application claims benefits of Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-72027 filed in Japan on Mar. 24, 2009, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a zoom optical system and an image pickup apparatus provide with the same.
2. Description of the Related Art
In recent years, instead of silver-halide film cameras, digital cameras provided with solid-state image sensors, such as CCDs (charge coupled devices) and CMOSs (complementary metal-oxide semiconductors), have constituted the main current. Such digital cameras are available in various types ranging from a high-function type for business use to a popular compact type. Of these, the popular compact type of digital camera has come to require a slim design, in addition to a compact design, so that the camera can be easily put into the pocket of clothing or bag and is handy to carry, in order to meet the need of a user who wants to readily enjoy photography. It is important that such small sized digital cameras are required to be hard and anti-dusty, because they are used and kept at any place.
Consequently, for a zoom optical system used in such digital cameras, a compacter design is required, and substantial quality and high dust-proof characteristic are required. A zoom optical system satisfying such requirements is shown in Japanese Patent No. 3493406 and Japanese patent Kokai No. 2007-156417.
The zoom optical system shown in Japanese patent No. 349406 comprises a first lens unit with negative power, a second lens unit with positive power, a third lend unit with positive power and a fourth lens unit with positive power. And, each lens unit is made of one plastic lens, respectively, the first and fourth lens units are stationary, and the variation of magnification is taken place by moving the second and third lens units on the optical axis.
Further, the zoom optical system shown in Japanese patent Kokai No. 2007-156417 comprises a first lens unit with negative power, a second lens unit with positive power, a third lens unit with positive power, and a fourth lens unite with positive power. And, the third lens unit comprises an aperture stop, a lens with positive power and a lens with negative power, the first and fourth lens units are stationary, and the second and third lens units are adapted to be moved upon zooming.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The zoom optical system according to the present invention includes, in order from the object side, a first lens unit with negative power, a second lens unit with positive power, a third lens unit with positive power, and a fourth lens unit; the positions of the first lens unit and the fourth lens unit are fixed to an image surface; and the second lens unit and the third lens unit are moved on an optical axis so as to change spacings between the respective lens units of the zoom optical system when the magnification of the zoom optical system is changed, characterized in that the third lens unit includes an aperture stop and at least three lens elements that include at least a lens element with positive power and at least a lens element with negative power, and that the most image-side lens element of the third lens unit is a meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image side.
Also, in the zoom optical system of the present invention, the third lend unit comprises, in order from the object side, an aperture stop, a lens element with positive power, a lens element with negative power and a meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image side, and it is preferable to satisfy the following condition (1):

−1.0<HF3g/fw<−0.55  (1)

where HF3g is a front principal point position of the third lens unit, and fw is a focal length of the entire system in the wide-angle end position.

Also, according to a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the zoom optical system satisfies preferably the following condition (1-1):

−0.8<HF3g/fw<−0.57  (1-1)

Also, in the zoom optical system of the present invention, the third lens unit includes, in order from the object side, an aperture stop, a lens element with positive power, a lens element with negative power and a meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image side, and it is preferable to satisfy the following condition (2):

0.72<SD3g/fw<1.50  (2)

where SD3g is the distance from the most object-side lens surface to the most image-side lens surface of the third lens unit, and fw is a focal length of the entire system in the wide-angle end position.

Also, according to a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the zoom optical system satisfies preferably the following condition (2-1):

0.73<SD3g/fw<1.40  (2-1)

Also, in the zoom optical system of the present invention, it is preferable to satisfy the following conditions (3) and (4):

1.40<ndeo<1.74  (3)

15.0<vdeo<35.0  (4)

where ndeo is a refractive index of the lens element (eo) having the strongest negative power in the third lens unit, and vdeo is the Abbe's number of the lens element (eo) having the strongest negative power in the third lens unit.

Also, according to a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the zoom optical system satisfies preferably the following conditions (3-1) and (4-1):

1.47<ndeo<1.67  (3-1)

16.0<vdeo<31.0  (4-1)

Also, in the zoom optical system of the present invention, it is preferable to satisfy the following condition (5):

1.40<nd<1.726  (5)

where nd is a refractive index of any lens element (excepting the lens element (eo)) arranged in or after the second lens unit.

Also, according to a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the zoom optical system satisfies preferably the following condition (5.1):

1.47<nd<1.67  (5-1)

Also, in the zoom optical system of the present invention, it is preferable that in the fourth lens unit, positive power of the peripheral portion of the most object side lens surface becomes strong by having a concave surface facing to the object side at the peripheral portion within an effective range.
Also, in the zoom optical system of the present invention, it is preferable to satisfy the following conditions (6) and (7):

0.1<fw/f3g<3.0  (6)

−3.0<f3g/R4g1<3.0  (7)

where R4g1 is a radius of curvature of the most object side lens surface of the fourth lens unit, f3g is a focal length of the third lens unit, and fw is a focal length of the entire optical system at the wide angle end position.

Also, according to the preferable embodiment of the present invention, the zoom optical system satisfies preferably the following conditions (6-1) and (7-1):

0.4<fw/f3g<1.5  (6-1)

−1.5<f3g/R4g1<1.5  (7-1)

Also, in the zoom optical system of the present invention, the fourth lens unit comprises preferably one lens element.
Also, in the zoom optical system of the present invention, the fourth lens unit has preferably a positive power.
Also, in the zoom optical system of the present invention, focusing is preferably performed by movement of the second and third lens units along the optical axis to change distances between the respective lens units of the zoom optical system.
Also, the image pickup apparatus provided with the zoom optical system of the present invention is characterized in that the zoom optical system of the present invention and an electronic image pickup element are provided.
According to the present invention, in spite of a compact zoom optical system in which the spacing between the first lens unit and the image surface does not vary, the zoom optical system in which chromatic aberration, spherical aberration, astigmatism and coma are amended in a good manner, and an image pickup apparatus provided with the zoom optical system can be supplied.
These and other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C are sectional views of a zoom optical system according to the first embodiment of the present invention, taken along the optical axis, and show the conditions in the wide-angle end position, the middle position, and the telephoto end position, respectively.
FIGS. 2A-2L are aberration diagrams in the infinite far position of the first embodiment. FIGS. 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the wide-angle end position. FIGS. 2E, 2F, 2G and 2H show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the intermediate position. FIGS. 2I, 2, 2K, and 2L show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the telephoto end position.
FIGS. 3A-3L are aberration diagrams in the closest position of the first embodiment. FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the wide-angle end position. FIGS. 3E, 3F, 3G, and 3H show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the intermediate position. FIGS. 3I, 3J, 3K, and 3L show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the telephoto end position.
FIGS. 4A-4F are coma diagrams (Image height: 70%). FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C show the conditions in the wide-angle end position, the middle position, and the telephoto end position, respectively, at the infinite far position. FIGS. 4D, 4E, 4F show the conditions in the wide-angle position, the middle position, and the telephoto and position, respectively, at the closest position.
FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C show sectional views of a zoom optical system according to the second embodiment of the present invention, taken along the optical axis, and show the conditions in the wide-angle end position, the middle position, and the telephoto end position, respectively.
FIGS. 6A-6L are aberration diagrams in the infinite far position of the second embodiment. FIGS. 6A, 6B, 6C, and 6D show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the wide-angle end position. FIGS. 6E, 6F, 6G, and 6H show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the intermediate position. FIGS. 6I, 6J, 6K, and 6L show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the telephoto end position.
FIGS. 7A-7L are aberration diagrams in the closest position of the second embodiment. FIGS. 7A, 7B, 7C, and 7D show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the wide-angle end position. FIGS. 7E, 7F, 7G and 7H show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the middle position. FIGS. 7I, 7J, 7K, and 7L show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the telephoto end position.
FIGS. 8a-8f are coma diagrams (Image height: 70%). FIGS. 8A, 8B, and 8C show the conditions in the wide-angle end position, the middle position, and the telephoto end position, respectively, at the infinite far position. FIGS. 8D, 8E, 8F show the conditions in the wide-angle position, the middle position, and the telephoto and position, respectively, at the closest position.
FIGS. 9A, 9B, and 9C show sectional views of a zoom optical system according to the third embodiment of the present invention, taken along the optical axis, and show the conditions in the wide-angle end position, the middle position, and the telephoto end position, respectively.
FIGS. 10A-10L are aberration diagrams in the infinite far position of the third embodiment. FIGS. 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the wide-angle end position. FIGS. 10E, 10F, 10G and 10H show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the middle position. FIGS. 10I, 10J, 10K, and 10L show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the telephoto end position.
FIGS. 11A-11L are aberration diagrams in the closest position of the third embodiment. FIGS. 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the wide-angle end position. FIGS. 11E, 11F, 11G and 11H show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the middle position. FIGS. 11I, 11J, 11K, and 11L show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the telephoto end position.
FIGS. 12a-12f are coma diagrams (Image height: 70%) in the third embodiment. FIGS. 12A, 12B, and 12C show the conditions in the wide-angle end position, the middle position, and the telephoto end position, respectively, at the infinite far position. FIGS. 12D, 12E, 12F show the conditions in the wide-angle position, the middle position, and the telephoto and position, respectively, at the closest position.
FIGS. 13A, 13B, and 13C show sectional views of a zoom optical system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, taken along the optical axis, and show the conditions in the wide-angle end position, the middle position, and the telephoto end position, respectively.
FIGS. 14A-14L are aberration diagrams in the infinite far position of the fourth embodiment. FIGS. 14A, 14B, 104, and 14D show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the wide-angle end position. FIGS. 14E, 14F, 14G and 14H show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the middle position. FIGS. 14I, 14J, 14K, and 14L show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the telephoto end position.
FIGS. 15A-15L are aberration diagrams in the closest position of the fourth embodiment. FIGS. 15A, 15B, 15C, and 15D show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the wide-angle end position. FIGS. 15E, 15F, 15G and 15H show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the middle position. FIGS. 15I, 15J, 15K, and 15L show spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification, respectively, in the telephoto end position.
FIGS. 16A-16F are coma diagrams (Image height: 70%) in the fourth embodiment. FIGS. 16A, 16B, and 16C show the conditions in the wide-angle end position, the middle position, and the telephoto end position, respectively, at the infinite far position. FIGS. 12D, 12E, 12F show the conditions in the wide-angle position, the middle position, and the telephoto and position, respectively, at the closest position.
FIG. 17 is a front perspective view showing the appearance of a digital camera incorporating the zoom optical system of the present invention.
FIG. 18 is a back perspective view showing the appearance of the digital camera shown in FIG. 17.
FIG. 19 is a perspective plan view showing schematically the structure of the digital camera shown in FIG. 18.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Before undertaking the description of the embodiments, the function and effect of the zoom optical system according to the present invention will be explained.
The zoom optical system of the present invention includes, in order from the object side, a first lens unit with negative power, a second lens unit with positive power, a third lens unit with positive power, and a fourth lens unit; the positions of the first lens unit and the fourth lens unit are fixed to an image surface; and the second lens unit and the third lens unit are moved on an optical axis so as to change distances between the respective lens units of the zoom optical system when the magnification of the zoom optical system is changed, wherein the third lens unit includes an aperture stop and at least three lens elements that include at least a lens element with positive power and at least a lens element with negative power, and the most image-side lens element of the third lens unit is a meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image side.
In the zoom optical system of the present invention, the positions of the first lens unit and the fourth lens unite are fixed to the image surface when the magnification is changed. Whereby, it becomes easy to make better the degree of seal of the zoom optical system to the camera body. As the result, a zoom optical system and an image pickup apparatus provided with the same, having excellent dust-proof ability and enough strength can be obtained.
Also, the chromatic aberration can be amended in good manner by having at least a positive lens element and at least a negative lens element in the third lens unit which is the largest in the amount of movement. Also, as the third lens unit includes the aperture stop, the effective diameter of the lens elements constituting the third lens unit and the diameter of the aperture stop can be made substantially the same. Further, as the third lens unit has the meniscus lens element with a concave surface at the most image side, the astigmatism and the coma can be amended in good manner.
Also, in the zoom optical system of the present invention, the third lend unit preferably comprises an aperture stop and three lens elements, in which the aperture stop, the lens element with positive power, the lens element with negative power and the meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image side are arranged in order from the object side, and it is good to satisfy the following condition (1):

−1.0<HF3g/fw<−0.55  (1)

where HF3g is a front principal point position of the third lens unit, and fw is a focal length of the entire system in the wide-angle end position.

The condition (1) shows that the front principal point of the third lens unit is located at a more object-side position than the top of the most object-side surface of the third lens unit. If the condition (1) is satisfied, change of the magnification can be carried out effectively without a physical interference in a limited space for movement of the lens units.
If HF3g/fw is below the lower limit of the condition (1), the front principal point of the third lens unit becomes too near the object side, so that the position of the third lens unit becomes near the image surface, and therefore the third lens unit results in interfering with the fourth lens unit.
If HF3g/fw is beyond the upper limit value of the condition (1), the front principal point of the third lens unit becomes near the top of the lens surface of the third lens unit, so that the position of the third lens unit becomes near the second lens unit at the telephoto end position, and therefore the magnification cannot be changed effectively.
Also, the zoom optical system of the present invention is more preferable if the following condition (1.1) is satisfied:

−0.8<HF3g/fw<−0.57  (1-1)

If the zoom optical system of the present invention satisfies the condition (1-1), the front principal point of the third lens unit is shown to be positioned at the object side more than the top of the lens surface in the most object side of the third lens unit, so that the change of the magnification can be carried out efficiently without interfering physically between the lens units.
Also, in the zoom optical system of the present invention, the third lens unit preferably includes an aperture stop and three lens elements, wherein, in order from the object side, the aperture stop, a lens element with positive power, a lens element with negative power and a meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image side are arranged, and it is preferable to satisfy the following condition (2):

0.72<SD3g/fw<1.50  (2)

where SD3g is the distance from the most object-side lens surface to the most image-side lens surface of the third lens unit, and fw is a focal length of the entire system in the wide-angle end position.

The condition (2) limits the total sum of distances between the lens surfaces of the third lens unit. If the condition (2) is satisfied, the distance between the most object-side convex surface and the most image-side concave surface can be arranged suitably. As the result, in every magnification state, the spherical aberration can be compensated for in good manner at the convex surface, and the astigmatism and the coma can be compensated for in good manner at the concave surface.
If SD3g/fw is below the lower limit value of the condition (2), the concave surface becomes too near to the convex surface, so that compensation for astigmatism becomes insufficient. If SD3g/fw is beyond the upper limit value of the condition (2), the concave surface becomes too far to the convex surface of the object side, so that compensation for coma becomes insufficient.
Also, the zoom optical system of the present invention is more preferable if the following condition (2-1) is satisfied:

0.73<SD3g/fw<1.40  (2-1)

If the condition (2-1) is satisfied, the distance between the convex surface of the most object side and the concave surface of the most image side can be arranged more suitably, so that various aberrations can be compensated for suitably.
Also, the zoom optical system of the present invention is preferable if the following conditions (3) and (4) are satisfied:

1.40<ndeo<1.74  (3)

15.0<vdeo<35.0  (4)

where ndeo is a refractive index of the lens element (eo) having the strongest negative power in the third lens unit, and vdeo is the Abbe's number of the lens element (eo) having the strongest negative power in the third lens unit.

The condition (3) shows the refractive index of the lens element (eo) having the strongest negative power in the third lens unit.
Generally, if it is desired to attain a compact zoom optical system, it is effective to strengthen the power of each lens unit. From the viewpoint of the paraxial amount, there is a method of making higher the refractive index of each lens element or a method of malting smaller the radius of curvature, in order to strengthen the power of a lens element. From the viewpoint of the aberration revision, the freedom of the shape of a lens element is necessary in order to revise adequately the on-axis and off-axis various aberrations. The effect by the refraction and the effect by the difference between the on-axis light ray incident position and the off-axis light ray incident position are obtained by elevating the degree of freedom, in other words, by increasing the amount of change in the radial direction. Further, from the viewpoint of the manufacture of lens elements, if the refractive index is made high, the condition for processing the thickness of the middle portion, peripheral portion or the like of a lens element becomes severe. In view of these facts, the degree of freedom of the shape of the lens element becomes high by lowering the refractive index, and the on-axial and the off-axial aberrations can be revised adequately while attaining a desired power.
If ndeo is below the lower limit value of the condition (3), a desired optical system can not be attained because the glass material does not exist. If ndeo is beyond the upper limit value of the condition (3), the degree of freedom of the shape becomes low, and the revision ability of the on-axial and off-axial aberrations result in lowering.
The condition (4) shows a refractive index of the lens element (eo) having the strongest negative power in the third lens unit. If vdeo is below the lower limit value of the condition (4), the Abbe's number becomes too small, so that the compensation of the first order-chromatic aberration (the on-axial chromatic aberration) becomes over. If vdeo is beyond the upper limit value of the condition (4), the Abbe's number becomes too large, so that the compensation of the first order-chromatic aberration (the on-axial chromatic aberration) becomes insufficient.
Also, the zoom optical system of the present invention is more preferable if the following conditions (3-1) and (4-1) are satisfied:

1.47<ndeo<1.67  (3-1)

16.0<vdeo<31.0  (4-1)

If the condition (3-1) is satisfied, the degree of freedom of the shape of the lens elements becomes high while attaining a desired power, the on-axial and the off-axial aberrations can be compensated adequately. If the condition (4-1) is satisfied, the chromatic aberration can be compensated more adequately.
Also, the zoom optical system of the present invention is more preferable if the following condition (5) is satisfied:

1.40<nd<1.726  (5)

where nd is a refractive index of any lens element (excepting the lens element (eo) having the strongest negative power in the third lens unit) of the second and subsequent lens units.

The condition (5) shows a refractive index of any lens element in the second and subsequent lens units. However, the lens element (eo) having the strongest negative power is excepted. If nd is below the lower limit value of the condition (5), a desired optical system can not be attained because there is no existing glass material. If nd is beyond the upper limit value of the condition (5), the degree of the freedom of the shape of the lens element becomes low, and the ability of the compensation of the on-axial and off-axial aberrations lower.
Also, the zoom optical system of the present invention is more preferable if the following condition (5-1) is satisfied:

1.47<nd<1.67  (5-1)

If the condition (5-1) is satisfied, the degree of freedom of the shape of the lens elements becomes higher while attaining a desired power, the on-axial and the off-axial aberrations can be compensated adequately.
Also, in the zoom optical system of the present invention, it is preferable that the surface of the lens of the most object side in the fourth lens unit is convex to the object side in its peripheral portion within an effective range, whereby, the positive power becomes strong in the peripheral portion. It can be restrained that the incident angle of the off-axial light ray which enters to the image pickup element becomes too large by having a convex surface faced to the object side in the peripheral portion and by making strong positive power of the peripheral portion. Further, the distortion and the astigmatism of high order can be adequately compensated.
Also, the zoom optical system of the present invention is preferable if the following conditions (6) and (6) are satisfied:

0.1<fw/f3g<3.0  (6)

−3.0<f3g/R4g1<3.0  (7)

where R4g1 is a radius of curvature of the most object side lens surface of the fourth lens unit, f3g is a focal length of the third lens unit, and fw is a focal length of the entire optical system at the wide angle end position.

The condition (6) shows that power of the third lens unit is positive. The condition (7) shows the size of on-axis radius of curvature in the radius of curvature (R4g1) of the most object side lens surface. The peripheral portion of lens can keep the shape continued on the shape of the lens having a convex surface facing to the object side by satisfying the conditions (6) and (7).
If fw/f3g is below the lower limit value of the condition (6), the power of the main lens unit for varying magnification is insufficient, so that compact zoom optical system can not be attained. If fw/f3g is beyond the upper limit value of the condition (6), the positive power of the main lens unit for varying magnification becomes over, so that the compensation of curvature of field becomes insufficient. If f3g/R4g1 is below the lower limit value of the condition (7), the radius of curvature of the concave surface in the radius of curvature (R4g1) of the most object side lens surface becomes too small, so that it becomes difficult to continue the shape of the peripheral portion to the shape having a convex surface faced to the object side. If f3g/R4g1 is beyond the upper limit value of the condition (7), the radius of curvature of the convex surface in the radius of curvature (R4g1) of the most object side lens surface becomes too large, so that it becomes difficult to keep the shape of the peripheral portion continued to the shape having a convex surface faced to the object side.
Also, the zoom optical system of the present invention is more preferable if the following conditions (6-1) and (7-1) are satisfied:

0.4<fw/f3g<1.5  (6-1)

−1.5<f3g/R4g1<1.5  (7-1)

If the conditions (6-1) and (7-1) are satisfied, it is possible to keep the shape of the peripheral portion continued to the shape having a convex surface faced to the object side.
Also, in the zoom optical system of the present invention, it is preferable that the fourth lens unit consists of one lens. Also, it is preferable that the fourth lens unit has a positive power. A compact zoom optical system can be attained by constituting the fourth lens unit with one lens.
Also, in the zoom optical system of the present invention, it is preferable that focusing is carried out by moving along the optical axis so as to vary the spacing between the second lens unit and the third lens unit both of which are movable.
In the zoom optical system in which its total length is fixed, when the total length is shortened, a ratio of the total sum of air spaces between each lens unit to the total length decreases generally, so that when the magnification is varied, it is necessary that power of the main lens unit for varying magnification is made strong, and that the amount of movement of each movable lens unit is made small. Likewise, when focusing is carried out, it is necessary that power of the focusing lens unit is made strong, and that the amount of movement of the focusing lens unit is made small when the position of object comes near. However, if the power of the focusing lens unit is made strong, the variation of aberrations (spherical aberration, distortion) becomes large, and therefore, a desirable optical performance does not obtain.
Because of the above-mentioned reasons, the focusing is made so as to carry out by moving the second and the third lens units along the optical axis. The variation of aberrations is controlled, and the desirable optical performance can be obtained.
Further, the image pickup apparatus provided with the zoom optical system of the present invention has a zoom optical system of the present invention and an electronic image pickup element.
All of the zoom optical system of the present invention supposes that the imager-size is 1/3.2 inch, the image height is 2.9 mm, and a pitch of picture element of the image pickup element is 1.4 μm. However, the imager-size, the image height and the pitch of picture element are not limited by the above-mentioned values. For example, the pitch of picture element may be 2.00 μm or 1.75 μm. Further, the diameter of the aperture stop at the telephoto end position is larger than that at the wide angle end position. Whereby, deterioration of the performance by diffraction limit can be prevented at the telephoto end position. Further, a small and light image pickup apparatus can be realized because the total length of the zoom optical system is fixed and the plastic lens can be used as the lens existing at the object side more than the second lens unit.
Embodiments 1, 2, 3 and 4 using the zoom optical system of the present invention will be described below.
A sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the zoom optical system is shown in FIG. 1, a sectional view of Embodiment 2 of the zoom optical system is shown in FIG. 6, a sectional view of Embodiment 3 of the zoom optical system is shown in FIG. 9, and a sectional view of Embodiment 4 of the zoom optical system is shown in FIG. 13. In these figures, the conditions of the zoom optical system at the wide angle end position, middle position and telephoto end position are shown respectively.
Also, FIG. 2 shows spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification in infinite object point focusing of the zoom optical system of Embodiment 1, FIG. 3 shows spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification in closest object point focusing of the zoom optical system of Embodiment 1, and FIG. 4 shows coma (at image height ratio=7) of the zoom optical system of Embodiment 1. FIG. 6 shows spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification in infinite object point focusing of the zoom optical system of Embodiment 2, FIG. 7 shows spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification in closest object point focusing of the zoom optical system of Embodiment 2, and FIG. 8 shows coma (at image height ratio=7) of the zoom optical system of Embodiment 2. FIG. 10 shows spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification in infinite object point focusing of the zoom optical system of Embodiment 3, FIG. 11 shows spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification in closest object point focusing of the zoom optical system of Embodiment 3, and FIG. 12 shows coma (at image height ratio=7) of the zoom optical system of Embodiment 3, and FIG. 14 shows spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification in infinite object point focusing of the zoom optical system of Embodiment 4, FIG. 15 shows spherical aberration, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration of magnification in closest object point focusing of the zoom optical system of Embodiment 4, and FIG. 16 shows coma (at image height ratio=7) of the zoom optical system of Embodiment 4. In the respective figures, (a) shows the conditions at the wide angle end position, (b) shows the conditions at the middle position, and (c) shows the conditions at telephoto end position, respectively.
Embodiment 1
The optical formation of a zoom optical system of the present embodiment will be explained using FIG. 1. A first lens unit G1 with negative power, a second lens unit G2 with positive power, a third lens unit G3 with positive power, and a fourth lens unit G4 with positive power are arranged on the optical axis Lc in the zoom optical system of the present embodiment in order from the object side. Also, a CCD cover glass CG and a CCD with an imaging plane IM are arranged on the image side of the fourth lens unit G4 in order from the object side.
The first lens unit G1 comprises only a biconcave lens L1.
The second lens unit G2 comprises only a positive meniscus lens L2 the convex surface of which faces toward the object side. In the second lens unit G2, astigmatism and coma are corrected by the positive meniscus lens L2 in wide angle position, and coma is corrected by the positive meniscus lens L2 in telephoto position.
The third lens unit G3 comprises, in order from the object side, an aperture stop S, a biconvex lens L31, a negative meniscus lens L32 the convex surface of which faces toward the object side, and a negative meniscus lens L33 the concave surface of which faces toward the image side. And, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1C, the aperture stop S is formed in such a way that the aperture diameter of the aperture stop S becomes smaller in wide angle end position than in telephoto end position. In the third lens unit G3, spherical aberration and coma are corrected by the biconvex lens L31 in wide angle position and in telephoto position. In addition, spherical aberration, astigmatism, and coma are corrected by the negative meniscus lens L33 in wide angle position and in telephoto position.
The fourth lens unit G4 comprises only a biconvex lens L4. In the fourth lens unit G4, astigmatism is corrected by the biconvex lens L4 in wide angle position and in telephoto position.
Besides, all of the lenses in the first, second, third and fourth lens units G1-G4 are aspherical lenses.
Also, the first and fourth lens units G1 and G4 do not move in changing a magnification from the wide angle end position to the telephoto end position. In addition, the second and third lens units G2 and G3 moves on the optical axis Lc in such a way that the distance between the first and second lens units G1 and G2 becomes narrow and the distance between the third and fourth lens units G3 and G4 becomes wide. Also, a focusing is carried out by moving the second and third lens units G2 and G3. In this case, the second and third lens units G2 and G3 moves on the optical axis Lc in such a way that the distance between the second lens unit G2 and the third lens unit G3 is changed.
Also, the first to sixth lenses are plastic lenses.
Embodiment 2
The optical formation of a zoom optical system of the present embodiment will be explained using FIG. 5. A first lens unit G1 with negative power, a second lens unit G2 with positive power, a third lens unit G3 with positive power, and a fourth lens unit G4 with positive power are arranged on the optical axis Lc in the zoom optical system of the present embodiment in order from the object side. Also, a CCD cover glass CG and a CCD with an imaging plane IM are arranged on the image side of the fourth lens unit G4 in order from the object side.
The first lens unit G1 comprises only a biconcave lens L1.
The second lens unit G2 comprises only a positive meniscus lens L2 the convex surface of which faces toward the object side. In the second lens unit G2, astigmatism and coma are corrected by the positive meniscus lens L2 in wide angle position, and coma is corrected by the positive meniscus lens L2 in telephoto position.
The third lens unit G3 comprises, in order from the object side, an aperture stop S, a biconvex lens L31, a biconcave lens L32, and a negative meniscus lens L33 the concave surface of which faces toward the image side. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5C, the aperture stop S is formed in such a way that the aperture diameter of the aperture stop S becomes smaller in wide angle end position than in telephoto end position. In the third lens unit G3, spherical aberration and coma are corrected by the biconvex lens L31 in wide angle position and in telephoto position. In addition, astigmatism and coma are corrected by the negative meniscus lens L33 in wide angle position, and spherical aberration and coma are corrected by the negative meniscus lens L33 in telephoto position.
The fourth lens unit G4 comprises only a biconvex lens L4. In the fourth lens unit G4, astigmatism is corrected by the biconvex lens L4 in wide angle position and in telephoto position.
Besides, all of the lenses in the first, second, third and fourth lens units G1-G4 are aspherical lenses.
Also, the first and fourth lens units G1 and G4 do not move in changing a magnification from the wide angle end position to the telephoto end position. In addition, the second and third lens units G2 and G3 moves on the optical axis Lc in such a way that the distance between the first and second lens units G1 and G2 becomes narrow and the distance between the third and fourth lens units G3 and G4 becomes wide. Also, a focusing is carried out by moving the second and third lens units G2 and G3. In this case, the second and third lens units G2 and G3 moves on the optical axis Lc in such a way that the distance between the second lens unit G2 and the third lens unit G3 is changed.
Also, the first lens is a glass lens, and the second to sixth lenses are plastic lenses.
Embodiment 3
The optical formation of a zoom optical system of the present embodiment will be explained using FIG. 9. A first lens unit G1 with negative power, a second lens unit G2 with positive power, a third lens unit G3 with positive power, and a fourth lens unit G4 with positive power are arranged on the optical axis Lc in the zoom optical system of the present embodiment in order from the object side. Also, a CCD cover glass CG and a CCD with an imaging plane IM are arranged on the image side of the fourth lens unit G4 in order from the object side.
The first lens unit G1 comprises only a biconcave lens L1.
The second lens unit G2 comprises only a positive meniscus lens L2 the convex surface of which faces toward the object side. In the second lens unit G2, astigmatism and coma are corrected by the positive meniscus lens L2 in wide angle position, and coma is corrected by the positive meniscus lens L2 in telephoto position.
The third lens unit G3 comprises, in order from the object side, an aperture stop S, a biconvex lens L31, a biconcave lens L32, and a positive meniscus lens L33 the concave surface of which faces toward the image side. As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9C, the aperture stop S is formed in such a way that the aperture diameter of the aperture stop S becomes smaller in wide angle end position than in telephoto end position. In the third lens unit G3, spherical aberration and coma are corrected by the biconvex lens L31 in wide angle position and in telephoto position. In addition, spherical aberration, astigmatism, and coma are corrected by the positive meniscus lens L33 in wide angle position and in telephoto position.
The fourth lens unit G4 comprises only a biconvex lens L4. In the fourth lens unit G4, astigmatism is corrected by the biconvex lens L4 in wide angle position and in telephoto position.
Besides, all of the lenses in the first, second, third and fourth lens units G1-G4 are aspherical lenses.
Also, the first and fourth lens units G1 and G4 do not move in changing a magnification from the wide angle end position to the telephoto end position. In addition, the second and third lens units G2 and G3 moves on the optical axis Lc in such a way that the distance between the first and second lens units G1 and G2 becomes narrow and the distance between the third and fourth lens units G3 and G4 becomes wide. Also, a focusing is carried out by moving the second and third lens units G2 and G3. In this case, the second and third lens units G2 and G3 moves on the optical axis Lc in such a way that the distance between the second lens unit G2 and the third lens unit G3 is changed.
Also, the first to sixth lenses are plastic lenses.
Embodiment 4
The optical formation of a zoom optical system of the present embodiment will be explained using FIG. 13. A first lens unit G1 with negative power, a second lens unit G2 with positive power, a third lens unit G3 with positive power, and a fourth lens unit G4 with positive power are arranged on the optical axis Lc in the zoom optical system of the present embodiment in order from the object side. Also, a CCD cover glass CG and a CCD with an imaging plane IM are arranged on the image side of the fourth lens unit G4 in order from the object side.
The first lens unit G1 comprises only a biconcave lens L1.
The second lens unit G2 comprises only a positive meniscus lens L2 the convex surface of which faces toward the object side. In the second lens unit G2, astigmatism and coma are corrected by the positive meniscus lens L2 in wide angle position, and coma is corrected by the positive meniscus lens L2 in telephoto position.
The third lens unit G3 comprises, in order from the object side, an aperture stop S, a biconvex lens L31, a biconcave lens L32, and a negative meniscus lens L33 the concave surface of which faces toward the image side. As shown in FIGS. 13A and 13C, the aperture stop S is formed in such a way that the aperture diameter of the aperture stop S becomes smaller in wide angle end position than in telephoto end position. In the third lens unit G3, spherical aberration and coma are corrected by the biconvex lens L31 in wide angle position and in telephoto position. In addition, astigmatism and coma are corrected by the negative meniscus lens L33 in wide angle position, and spherical aberration and coma are corrected by the negative meniscus lens L33 in telephoto position.
The fourth lens unit G4 comprises only a biconvex lens L4. In the fourth lens unit G4, astigmatism is corrected by the biconvex lens L4 in wide angle position and in telephoto position.
Besides, all of the lenses in the first, second, third and fourth lens units G1-G4 are aspherical lenses.
Also, the first and fourth lens units G1 and G4 do not move in changing a magnification from the wide angle end position to the telephoto end position. In addition, the second and third lens units G2 and G3 moves on the optical axis Lc in such a way that the distance between the first and second lens units G1 and G2 becomes narrow and the distance between the third and fourth lens units G3 and G4 becomes wide. Also, a focusing is carried out by moving the second and third lens units G2 and G3. In this case, the second and third lens units G2 and G3 moves on the optical axis Lc in such a way that the distance between the second lens unit G2 and the third lens unit G3 is changed.
Also, the first lens is a glass lens, and the second to sixth lenses are plastic lenses.
Next, the numerical data on optical members constituting a zoom optical system will be shown with respect to each of Embodiments 1 to 4 according to the present invention. Embodiment 1 corresponds to Numerical Embodiment 1. Embodiment 2 corresponds to Numerical Embodiment 2. Embodiment 3 corresponds to Numerical Embodiment 3. Embodiment 4 corresponds to Numerical Embodiment 4.
Besides, in the numerical data and the drawings, r denotes a radius of curvature of each of lens surfaces, d denotes the thickness of each of lenses or air spacing between lenses, nd denotes the refractive index in the d line (587.56 nm) of each of lenses, vd denotes the Abbe's number in the d line (587.56 nm) of each of lenses, and * (asterisk) denotes an aspherical surface. A unit of length is millimeter (mm).
Also, when z is taken as a coordinate in the direction along the optical axis, y is taken as a coordinate in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, a conic constant is denoted by K, and aspherical coefficients are denoted by A4, A6, A8, and A10, an aspherical surface shape is expressed by the following equation (I):

z=(y2/r)/[1+{1−(1+K)(y/r)2}1/2]+A4y4+A6y6+A8y8+A10y10  (I)

Also, E denotes a power of ten. Besides, the signs for these specification values are also common to the numerical data of the embodiments which are described later.
Also, a word, “At infinity” shows the case where a position of an object point is located at infinity, and a word, “At close range” shows the case where a position of an object point is located at close range.










Numerical Embodiment 1


Unit: mm







Surface data














Surface No.
r
d
nd
vd
Effective radius






Object plane
∞
∞






 1*
−51.6608
0.5500
1.53071
55.67
3.895



 2*
3.8768
variable


2.966



 3*
4.5535
0.7634
1.63493
23.89
2.466



 4*
8.1682
variable


2.327



 5 (Stop)
INF
0.


variable



 6*
2.2847
1.2110
1.53071
55.67
1.238



 7*
−4.8589
0.2000


1.264



 8*
27.5864
0.5000
1.63493
23.89
1.249



 9*
1.9602
0.5251


1.201



10*
1.9235
0.7100
1.53071
55.67
1.495



11*
1.9019
variable


1.605



12*
13.5849
1.5632
1.63493
23.89
1.920



13*
−23.9264
1.2468


2.216



14
INF
0.4000
1.51633
64.14
2.709



15
INF
0.4000


2.800



Imaging plane
INF
0










Aspherical surface data









The first surface



K = 5.0000, A4 = −2.3689E−03, A6 = 2.2861E−04, A8 = −5.0139E−06



The second surface



K = −5.0000, A4 = 6.3589E−03, A6 = −6.4385E−04, A8 = 6.1392E−05



The third surface



K = −4.9918, A4 = 2.9145E−03, A6 = −7.0503E−04, A8 = 8.6567E−05



The fourth surface



K = −1.0842, A4 = −3.5713E−03, A6 = −4.8702E−05, A8 = 6.4636E−05



The sixth surface



K = −1.3118, A4 = 5.4455E−03, A6 = 3.1142E−03, A8 = −8.9807E−04



The seventh surface



K = −4.1456, A4 = 2.8343E−02, A6 = −1.0009E−02, A8 = 6.3388E−04



The eighth surface



K = 0., A4 = 2.5553E−02, A6 = , A8 = −8.5747E−03



The ninth surface



K = −3.8315, A4 = 3.2106E−02, A6 = 7.1673E−03, A8 = 7.0864E−04



The tenth surface



K = −3.7554, A4 = −1.6713E−02, A6 = −5.6496E−03, A8 = 3.2829E−03



The eleventh surface



K = −1.1218, A4 = −4.6813E−02, A6 = 2.8608E−03, A8 = 8.2444E−04



The twelfth surface



K = 0.7555, A4 = −3.5888E−03, A6 = 7.7270E−04, A8 = −1.4117E−05



The thirteenth surface



K = −5.0000, A4 = −5.3330E−03, A6 = 7.1434E−04, A8 = 2.8583E−05










Various data


Zoom ratio 2.86














At infinity


At close range





Wide angle
Middle
Telephoto
Wide angle
Middle
Telephoto



position
position
position
position
position
position





Focal length
4.1560
6.6926
11.8930





F number
3.2000
4.3955
5.2000





2ω (°)
76.8314
47.3319
26.6136





Image height
2.9000
2.9000
2.9000





BF
1.9106
1.9106
1.9106
1.9106
1.9106
1.9106


The total length
15.8638
15.8638
15.8638
15.8638
15.8638
15.8638


of lens








Distance
INF
INF
INF
100.00
500.00
800.00


from object point








d2
3.20167
0.70340
0.32689
2.87472
0.77396
0.40131


d4
3.81998
3.97973
0.90921
3.67470
3.82390
0.78692


d11
0.90833
3.24735
6.69438
1.38106
3.33261
6.74225


Effective radius
1.07986
1.07986
1.29223





of the fifth surface








Entrance
4.3270
3.9117
1.8554





pupil position








Exit
−4.2704
−9.0113
−23.7801





pupil position










Single lens data









Lens
Object side surface
Focal length





1
1
−6.7717


2
3
14.9773


3
6
3.1110


4
8
−3.3488


5
10
30.6882


6
12
13.8717










Zoom lens unit data













The most object


Front principal
Rear principal


Unit
side surface
Focal length
Lens forming length
point position
point position





1
1
−6.77173
0.55000
0.33309
−0.02500


2
3
14.97729
0.76341
−0.54362
−0.97516


3
5
6.08549
3.14612
−2.43254
−3.36708


4
12
13.87175
1.56316
0.35195
−0.61988
















Wide-angle
Middle
Telephoto


Unit
The most object side surface
position
position
position










(magnification: at infinity)











1
1
0.
0.
0.


2
3
2.71205
1.86731
1.78359


3
5
−0.27764
−0.64555
−1.19269


4
12
0.81508
0.81988
0.82560







(magnification: at close range)











1
1
0.06323
0.01335
0.00839


2
3
2.38583
1.86270
1.78733


3
5
−0.36035
−0.66133
−1.20836


4
12
0.81359
0.81935
0.82328



















Numerical Embodiment 2


Unit: mm







Surface data














Surface No.
r
d
nd
vd
Effective radius






Object plane
∞
∞






 1*
−55.6233
0.5500
1.74320
49.34
3.346



 2*
4.3538
variable


2.812



 3*
4.7889
0.8271
1.63493
23.89
2.493



 4*
10.0506
variable


2.337



 5 (Stop)
INF
0


variable



 6*
2.1627
1.2014
1.53071
55.67
1.258



 7*
−4.5237
0.2000


1.248



 8*
−22.7535
0.5000
1.63493
23.89
1.218



 9*
2.6428
0.2018


1.161



10*
2.2752
0.8843
1.53071
55.67
1.355



11*
1.8986
variable


1.402



12*
43.0787
1.5853
1.63493
23.89
1.923



13*
−8.6832
0.8454


2.258



14
INF
0.4000
1.51633
64.14
2.669



15
INF
0.4000


2.790



Imaging plane
INF
0










Aspherical surface data









The first surface



K = −5.0000, A4 = −3.5050E−04, A6 = −2.9877E−05, A8 = 1.2697E−06



The second surface



K = −2.2356, A4 = 2.3132E−03, A6 = −1.3396E−04, A8 = 3.2976E−06



The third surface



K = −5.0000, A4 = 3.9494E−03, A6 = −7.5246E−04, A8 = 1.2324E−04



The fourth surface



K = −5.0000, A4 = −6.9865E−04, A6 = −3.5969E−04, A8 = 1.3333E−04



The sixth surface



K = −0.9253, A4 = 7.7157E−03, A6 = 1.4966E−03, A8 = 3.6960E−04



The seventh surface



K = −3.8330, A4 = 3.2496E−02, A6 = −7.6552E−03, A8 = 3.3221E−04



The eighth surface



K = 5.0000, A4 = 5.2474E−02, A6 = −1.4640E−02, A8 = −1.7927E−03



The ninth surface



K = −1.1017, A4 = 5.8179E−02, A6 = 1.0094E−02, A8 = −3.1682E−03



The tenth surface



K = −1.1413, A4 = −2.8077E−03, A6 = 7.8721E−03, A8 = −7.6138E−04



The eleventh surface



K = −3.0502, A4 = 2.4355E−02, A6 = −1.0338E−02, A8 = 2.0293E−03



The twelfth surface



K = −5.0000, A4 = −3.0138E−03, A6 = 8.8735E−04, A8 = −2.0557E−05



The thirteenth surface



K = 2.9075, A4 = −2.3112E−03, A6 = 6.1173E−04, A8 = 3.0823E−05










Various data


Zoom ratio 2.85














At infinity


At close range





Wide angle
Middle
Telephoto
Wide angle
Middle
Telephoto



position
position
position
position
position
position





Focal length
3.7540
6.0422
10.6990





F number
3.2000
4.4451
5.2000





2ω (°)
82.4647
50.6044
29.4677





Image height
2.9000
2.9000
2.9000





BF
1.5092
1.5092
1.5092
1.5092
1.5092
1.5092


The total length
15.8638
15.8638
15.8638
15.8638
15.8638
15.8638


of lens








Distance
INF
INF
INF
100.00
500.00
800.00


from object point








d2
2.65840
0.72395
0.75945
2.55121
0.81151
0.78981


d4
4.35777
4.06276
0.90750
4.19356
3.97755
0.8952


d11
1.38855
3.61801
6.73777
1.65994
3.61566
6.71964


Effective radius
1.08274
1.08274
1.30276





of the fifth surface








Entrance
3.9029
3.5454
1.9769





pupil position








Exit
−5.3916
−11.9485
−40.1914





pupil position










Single lens data









Lens
Object side surface
Focal length





1
1
−5.4118


2
3
13.5781


3
6
2.9402


4
8
−3.7009


5
10
−116.2648


6
12
11.5187










Zoom lens unit data













The most object


Front principal
Rear principal


Unit
side surface
Focal length
Lens forming length
point position
point position





1
1
−5.41177
0.55000
0.29147
−0.02281


2
3
13.57813
0.82710
−0.43394
−0.91073


3
5
5.35403
2.98750
−2.39984
−3.04727


4
12
11.51870
1.58532
0.81670
−0.16462
















Wide-angle
Middle
Telephoto


Unit
The most object side surface
position
position
position










(magnification: at infinity)











1
1
0.
0.
0.


2
3
2.29396
1.72892
1.73677


3
5
−0.35494
−0.75229
−1.31603


4
12
0.85194
0.85842
0.86496







(magnification: at close range)











1
1
0.05120
0.01070
0.00672


2
3
2.15411
1.73547
1.73544


3
5
−0.41118
−0.75190
−1.32590


4
12
0.85007
0.85840
0.86037



















Numerical Embodiment 3


Unit: mm







Surface data














Surface No.
r
d
nd
vd
Effective radius






Object plane
∞
∞






 1*
−38.0236
0.5500
1.53071
55.67
3.808



 2*
3.9998
variable


2.917



 3*
4.8458
0.7035
1.62980
19.20
2.426



 4*
9.0700
variable


2.326



 5 (Stop)
INF
0.


variable



 6*
2.2785
1.1232
1.53071
55.67
1.254



 7*
−3.8539
0.2000


1.270



 8*
−40.0984
0.5000
1.63493
23.89
1.250



 9*
1.9748
0.5045


1.200



10*
1.9109
0.7326
1.53071
55.67
1.531



11*
1.9364
variable


1.595



12*
13.7972
1.6493
1.62980
19.20
1.873



13*
−23.7269
1.2951


2.196



14
INF
0.4000
1.51633
64.14
2.702



15
INF
0.4000


2.793



Imaging plane
INF
0










Aspherical surface data









The first surface



K = −5.0000, A4 = −2.1852E−03, A6 = 2.3439E−04, A8 = −5.5433E−06



The second surface



K = −5.0000, A4 = 5.7565E−03, A6 = −5.4319E−04, A8 = 5.9249E−05



The third surface



K = −5.0000, A4 = 1.5667E−03, A6 = −6.4760E−04, A8 = 5.4964E−05



The fourth surface



K = −0.8915, A4 = −3.8.27E−03, A6 = −1.3366E−04, A8 = 3.3492E−05



The sixth surface



K = −1.3272, A4 = 5.4101E−03, A6 = 3.2685E−03, A8 = −6.5704E−04



The seventh surface



K = −5.0000, A4 = 3.1361E−02, A6 = −9.0904E−03, A8 = 5.7692E−04



The eighth surface



K = 0., A4 = 3.4385E−02, A6 = −9.4730E−03



The ninth surface



K = −3.1230, A4 = 2.8262E−02, A6 = 8.0776E−03, A8 = 2.0204E−04



The tenth surface



K = −3.0412, A4 = −6.2185E−03, A6 = −4.7941E−03, A8 = 2.3615E−03



The eleventh surface



K = −0.6303, A4 = −3.4934E−02, A6 = −2.5407E−03, A8 = 1.4259E−03



The twelfth surface



K = −4.3948, A4 = −3.7884E−03, A6 = 8.6086E−04, A8 = −2.0006E−05



The thirteenth surface



K = 3.0386, A4 = −5.2471E−03, A6 = 6.6913E−04, A8 = 3.1589E−05










Various data


Zoom ratio 2.85














At infinity


At close range





Wide angle
Middle
Telephoto
Wide angle
Middle
Telephoto



position
position
position
position
position
position





Focal length
4.1560
6.6825
11.8444





F number
3.2000
4.3748
5.2000





2ω (°)
76.8112
47.2896
26.7177





Image height
2.9000
2.9000
2.9000





BF
1.9589
1.9589
1.9589
1.9589
1.9589
1.9589


The total length
15.8638
15.8638
15.8638
15.8638
15.8638
15.8638


of lens








Distance
INF
INF
INF
100.00
500.00
800.00


from object point








d2
3.20364
0.71094
0.35418
2.85220
0.77962
0.42575


d4
3.82153
3.96294
0.87502
3.67443
3.82570
0.78309


d11
0.91647
3.26777
6.71244
1.41502
3.33632
6.73280


Effective radius
1.09169
1.09169
1.29647





of the fifth surface








Entrance
4.2826
3.8411
1.8021





pupil position








Exit
−4.2872
−8.9973
−23.2967





pupil position








Front principal
5.3892
6.4323
8.0684





point position








Rear principal
−3.7199
−6.3237
−11.5497





point position










Single lens data









Lens
Object side surface
Focal length





1
1
−6.7887


2
3
15.5218


3
6
2.8811


4
8
−2.9507


5
10
24.9513


6
12
14.0915










Zoom lens unit data













The most object


Front principal
Rear principal


Unit
side surface
Focal length
Lens forming length
point position
point position





1
1
−6.78866
0.55000
0.32364
−0.03405


2
3
15.52177
0.70352
−0.46524
−0.87080


3
5
6.10355
3.06039
−2.39906
−3.31755


4
12
14.09153
1.64934
0.37853
−0.65095
















Wide-angle
Middle
Telephoto


Unit
The most object side surface
position
position
position










(magnification: at infinity)











1
1
0.
0.
0.


2
3
2.60403
1.83616
1.76181


3
5
−0.28944
−0.65560
−1.20436


4
12
0.81223
0.81772
0.82227







(magnification: at close range)











1
1
0.06338
0.01339
0.00841


2
3
2.30213
1.83136
1.76471


3
5
−0.37551
−0.67087
−1.21562


4
12
0.81098
0.81655
0.81995



















Numerical Embodiment 4


Unit: mm







Surface data














Surface No.
r
d
nd
vd
Effective radius






Object plane
∞
∞






 1*
−39.6101
0.5500
1.74320
49.34
3.397



 2*
4.5728
variable


2.835



 3*
4.9091
0.7619
1.62980
19.20
2.478



 4*
10.0889
variable

2.333




 5 (Stop)
INF
0.

variable




 6*
2.1873
1.1902
1.53071
55.67
1.265



 7*
−3.7832
0.2000

1.259




 8*
−11.1657
0.5000
1.63493
23.89
1.227



 9*
2.6071
0.2000

1.170




10*
2.1724
0.8988
1.53071
55.67
1.373



11*
1.9094
variable

1.400




12*
26.1549
1.6156
1.62980
19.20
1.924



13*
−10.6782
0.8768


2.265



14
INF
0.4000
1.51633
64.14
2.672



15
INF
0.4000


2.792



Imaging plane
INF
0










Aspherical surface data









The first surface



K = 5.0000, A4 = 3.4975E−05, A6 = −2.3811E−05, A8 = 8.2658E−07



The second surface



K = −2.6439, A4 = 2.7465E−03, A6 = −9.1294E−05, A8 = 9.0311E−07



The third surface



K = −5.0000, A4 = 3.4545E−03, A6 = −8.4642E−04, A8 = 1.4317E−04



The fourth surface



K = −3.4334, A4 = −8.7302E−04, A6 = −5.1292E−04, A8 = 1.6361E−04



The sixth surface



K = −0.9847, A4 = 7.0798E−03, A6 = 1.1301E−03, A8 = 5.5780E−04



The seventh surface



K = −3.3601, A4 = 3.3391E−02, A6 = −6.8196E−03, A8 = 3.6382E−04



The eighth surface



K = −5.0000, A4 = 5.5362E−02, A6 = −1.3383E−02, A8 = −1.7622E−03



The ninth surface



K = −1.5074, A4 = 5.5295E−02, A6 = 1.2251E−02, A8 = −4.2562E−03



The tenth surface



K = −1.2769, A4 = −4.2206E−03, A6 = 9.8202E−03, A8 = −1.2616E−03



The eleventh surface



K = −2.5874, A4 = 1.7247E−02, A6 = −6.5249E−03, A8 = 1.7292E−03



The twelfth surface



K = −4.9984, A4 = −3.3826E−03, A6 = 8.6972E−04, A8 = −2.0514E−05



The thirteenth surface



K = 4.6501, A4 = −2.9346E−03, A6 = 5.7926E−04, A8 = 2.9937E−05










Various data


Zoom ratio 2.85














At infinity


At close range





Wide angle
Middle
Telephoto
Wide angle
Middle
Telephoto



position
position
position
position
position
position





Focal length
3.7540
6.0206
10.6988





F number
3.2000
4.4160
5.2000





2ω (°)
82.4751
51.0721
29.4685





Image height
2.9000
2.9000
2.9000





BF
1.5406
1.5406
1.5406
1.5406
1.5406
1.5406


The total length
15.8638
15.8638
15.8638
15.8638
15.8638
15.8638


of lens








Distance
INF
INF
INF
100.00
500.00
800.00


from object point








d2
2.66967
0.70000
0.78255
2.50868
0.80310
0.81221


d4
4.35910
4.10576
0.87677
4.20075
3.98565
0.88844


d11
1.37792
3.60092
6.74737
1.69726
3.61793
6.70604


Effective radius
1.09123
1.09123
1.30441





of the fifth surface








Entrance
3.8832
3.5204
1.9381





pupil position








Exit
−5.1717
−10.9977
−32.3111





pupil position








Front principal
5.5468
6.6382
9.2452





point position








Rear principal
−3.3249
−5.6715
−10.4032





point position










Single lens data









Lens
Object side surface
Focal length





1
1
−5.4870


2
3
14.3658


3
6
2.8055


4
8
−3.2826


5
10
160.6241


6
12
12.2471










Zoom lens unit data













The most object


Front principal
Rear principal


Unit
side surface
Focal length
Lens forming length
point position
point position





1
1
−5.48698
0.55000
0.28136
−0.03248


2
3
14.36576
0.76185
−0.41920
−0.86152


3
5
5.34569
2.98906
−2.36754
−3.03610


4
12
12.24709
1.61558
0.71603
−0.29233




INF
0.80000
0.
−0.66379
















Wide-angle
Middle
Telephoto


Unit
The most object side surface
position
position
position










(magnification: at infinity)











1
1
0.
0.
0.


2
3
2.17800
1.67716
1.69349


3
5
−0.37045
−0.76563
−1.34061


4
12
0.84796
0.85449
0.85886







(magnification: at close range)











1
1
0.05188
0.01085
0.00681


2
3
2.04016
1.68574
1.69195


3
5
−0.43490
−0.76530
−1.34411


4
12
0.84648
0.85562
0.85526









Next, the values which Embodiment 1 (Numerical Embodiment 1), Embodiment 2 (Numerical Embodiment 2), Embodiment 3 (Numerical Embodiment 3), and Embodiment 4 (Numerical Embodiment 4) have in the above conditions (1) to (7) will be shown.
The values which the embodiments have in each of the conditions
















Embod-
Embod-
Embod-
Embod-



iment 1,
iment 2,
iment 3,
iment 4




















Condition (1) (HF3g/fw)
−0.59
−0.64
−0.58
−0.63


Condition (2) (SD3g/fw)
0.76
0.80
0.74
0.80


Condition (3) (ndeo)
1.6349
1.6349
1.6349
1.6349


Condition (4) (vdeo)
23.9
23.9
23.9
23.9


Condition (5) (L2)
1.6349
1.6349
1.6298
1.6298


Condition (5) (L31)
1.5307
1.5307
1.5307
1.5307


Condition (5) (L32)
1.6349
1.6349
1.6349
1.6349


Condition (5) (L33)
1.5307
1.5307
1.5307
1.5307


Condition (5) (L4)
1.6349
1.6349
1.6298
1.6298


Condition (6) (fw/f3g)
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7


Condition (7) (f3g/R4gl)
0.4
0.1
0.4
0.2









As described above, a zoom optical system according to the present invention can be used for an imaging apparatus in which imaging is carried out by forming on an image pick-up element such as CCD an object image formed by the zoom optical system, and, for example, a zoom optical system according to the present invention can be used for a digital camera or a video camera. A concrete example of the imaging apparatus will be shown below.
FIGS. 17, 18, and 19 are conceptual views which show the formation of a digital camera using the present invention. FIG. 17 is a front perspective view showing the appearance of the digital camera. FIG. 18 is a back perspective view showing the appearance of the digital camera shown in FIG. 17. FIG. 19 is a perspective plan view showing schematically the structure of the digital camera shown in FIG. 18.
The digital camera is provided with a shooting opening 1, a finder opening 2, and a flash light emitting section 3 on the front side thereof. Also, the digital camera is provided with a shutter button 4 on the upper portion thereof. Also, the digital camera is provided with a liquid crystal display monitor 5 and an information inputting section 6 on the back side thereof. Also, the digital camera is provided with a zoom optical system 7, a processing means 8, a recording means 9, and a finder optical system 10 on the inside thereof. Also, a cover member 12 is placed in an opening 11 which is located on the exit sides of the finder opening 2 and of the finder optical system 10 and which is provided on the back side of the digital camera. Also, a cover member 13 is placed also in the shooting opening 1.
When the shutter button 4 arranged on the upper portion of the digital camera is pressed, a shooting is linked to the press of the shutter button 4 and is carried out through the zoom optical system 7, for example, such as the zoom optical system which is described in Embodiment 1. An object image is formed on the image-forming plane of a CCD 7a through the zoom optical system 7, the low-pass filter LF, and the cover glass CG, where the CCD 7a is a solid-state image sensor. The image information about the object image formed on the image-pickup plane of the CCD 7a is recorded on the recording means 9 through the processing means 8. Also, the recorded image information can be taken by the processing means 8, and the taken image information can be also displayed as an electronic image on the liquid crystal display monitor 5 provided on the back side of the camera.
Also, the finder optical system 10 comprises a finder objective optical system 10a, an erecting prism 10b, and an eyepiece optical system 10c. Light coming from an object and entering through the finder opening 2 is led by the finder objective optical system 10a to the erecting prism 10b which is an image-erecting member, and the object image is formed as an erect image in a view frame 10b1. Thereafter, the object image is led to an eye E of an observer by the eyepiece optical system 10c. 
Because the zoom optical system 7 has a high magnification ratio and a small size in the digital camera which is formed in this way, it is possible to secure a good performance as well as to realize downsizing of the digital camera.

## Claims

1. A zoom optical system comprising, in order from an object side:
a first lens unit with a negative power;
a second lens unit with a positive power;
a third lens unit with a positive power; and
a fourth lens unit;
wherein a position of the first lens unit and a position of the fourth lens unit are fixed in reference to an image surface, while the second lens unit and the third lens unit are moved along an optical axis for magnification change, to change distances between the respective lens units of the zoom optical system,
wherein the third lens unit comprises an aperture stop and at least three lens elements that include at least one lens element with a positive power and at least one lens element with a negative power, and a most image-side lens element of the third lens unit is a meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image side, and
wherein the third lens unit comprises, in order from the object side, the aperture stop, a lens element with a positive power, a lens element with a negative power and the meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image side, and the following condition (1) is satisfied:


−1.0<HF3g/fw<−0.55  (1)



where HF3g is a position of a front principal point of the third lens unit, and fw is a focal length of the entire zoom optical system at a wide-angle end position.

2. The zoom optical system according to claim 1, wherein the second lens unit and the third lens unit are moved along the optical axis for focusing, to change the spacing distances between the respective lens units of the zoom optical system.

3. An image pickup apparatus comprising:
the zoom optical system according to claim 1; and
an image pickup element.

4. A zoom optical system comprising, in order from an object side:
a first lens unit with a negative power;
a second lens unit with a positive power;
a third lens unit with a positive power; and
a fourth lens unit;
wherein a position of the first lens unit and a position of the fourth lens unit are fixed in reference to an image surface, while the second lens unit and the third lens unit are moved along an optical axis for magnification change, to change distances between the respective lens units of the zoom optical system,
wherein the third lens unit comprises an aperture stop and at least three lens elements that include at least one lens element with a positive power and at least one lens element with a negative power, and a most imaqe-side lens element of the third lens unit is a meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image side, and
wherein the following condition (1-1) is satisfied:


−0.8<HF3g/fw<−0.57  (1-1)



where HF3g is a position of a front principal point of the third lens unit, and fw is a focal length of the entire zoom optical system at a wide-angle end position.

5. A zoom optical system comprising, in order from an object side:
a first lens unit with a negative power;
a second lens unit with a positive power;
a third lens unit with a positive power; and
a fourth lens unit;
wherein a position of the first lens unit and a position of the fourth lens unit are fixed in reference to an image surface, while the second lens unit and the third lens unit are moved along an optical axis for magnification change, to change distances between the respective lens units of the zoom optical system,
wherein the third lens unit comprises an aperture stop and at least three lens elements that include at least one lens element with a positive power and at least one lens element with a negative power, and a most image-side lens element of the third lens unit is a meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image side, and
wherein the third lens unit comprises, in order from the object side, the aperture stop, a lens element with a positive power, a lens element with a negative power and the meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image aide, and the following condition (2) is satisfied:


0.72<SD3g/fw<1.50  (2)



where SD3g is a distance from a most object-side lens surface to a most image-side lens surface of the third lens unit, and fw is a focal length of the entire zoom optical system in a wide-angle end position.

6. A zoom optical system comprising, in order from an object side:
a first lens unit with a negative power;
a second lens unit with a positive power;
a third lens unit with a positive power; and
a fourth lens unit;
wherein a position of the first lens unit and a position of the fourth lens unit are fixed in reference to an image surface, while the second lens unit and the third lens unit are moved along an optical axis for magnification change, to change distances between the respective lens units of the zoom optical system,
wherein the third lens unit comprises an aperture stop and at least three lens elements that include at least one lens element with a positive power and at least one lens element with a negative power, and a most image-side lens element of the third lens unit is a meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image side, and
wherein the following condition (2-1) is satisfied:


0.73<SD3g/fw<1.40  (2-1)



where SD3g is a distance from a most object-side lens surface to a most image-side lens surface of the third lens unit, and fw is a focal length of the entire zoom optical system in a wide-angle end position.

7. A zoom optical system comprising, in order from an object side:
a first lens unit with a negative power;
a second lens unit with a positive power;
a third lens unit with a positive power; and
a fourth lens unit;
wherein a position of the first lens unit and a position of the fourth lens unit are fixed in reference to an image surface, while the second lens unit and the third lens unit are moved along an optical axis for magnification change, to change distances between the respective lens units of the zoom optical system,
wherein the third lens unit comprises an aperture stop and at least three lens elements that include at least one lens element with a positive power and at least one lens element with a negative power, and a most image-side lens element of the third lens unit is a meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image side, and
wherein the following conditions (3) and (4) are satisfied:


1.40<ndeo<1.74  (3)



15.0<vdeo<35.0  (4)



where ndeo is a refractive index of a lens element (eo) having a strongest negative power in the third lens unit, and vdeo is an Abbe's number of the lens element (eo) having the strongest negative power in the third lens unit.

8. A zoom optical system comprising, in order from an object side:
a first lens unit with a negative power;
a second lens unit with a positive power;
a third lens unit with a positive power; and
a fourth lens unit;
wherein a position of the first lens unit and a position of the fourth lens unit are fixed in reference to an image surface, while the second lens unit and the third lens unit are moved along an optical axis for magnification change, to change distances between the respective lens units of the zoom optical system,
wherein the third lens unit comprises an aperture stop and at least three lens elements that include at least one lens element with a positive power and at least one lens element with a negative power, and a most image-side lens element of the third lens unit is a meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image side, and
wherein the following conditions (3-1) and (4-1) are satisfied:


1.47<ndeo<1.67  (3-1)



16.0<vdeo<31.0  (4-1)



where ndeo is a refractive index of a lens element (eo) having a strongest negative power in the third lens unit, and vdeo is an Abbe's number of the lens element (eo) having the strongest negative power in the third lens unit.

9. A zoom optical system comprising, in order from an object side:
a first lens unit with a negative power;
a second lens unit with a positive power;
a third lens unit with a positive power; and
a fourth lens unit;
wherein a position of the first lens unit and a position of the fourth lens unit are fixed in reference to an image surface, while the second lens unit and the third lens unit are moved along an optical axis for magnification change, to change distances between the respective lens units of the zoom optical system,
wherein the third lens unit comprises an aperture stop and at least three lens elements that include at least one lens element with a positive power and at least one lens element with a negative power, and a most image-side lens element of the third lens unit is a meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image side, and
wherein the following condition (5) is satisfied:


1.40<nd<1.726  (5)



where nd is a refractive index of any lens element arranged in or after the second lens unit, excluding a refractive index of a lens element that has a strongest negative refractive power in the third lens unit.

10. A zoom optical system comprising, in order from an object side:
a first lens unit with a negative power;
a second lens unit with a positive power;
a third lens unit with a positive power; and
a fourth lens unit;
wherein a position of the first lens unit and a position of the fourth lens unit are fixed in reference to an image surface, while the second lens unit and the third lens unit are moved along an optical axis for magnification change, to change distances between the respective lens units of the zoom optical system,
wherein the third lens unit comprises an aperture stop and at least three lens elements that include at least one lens element with a positive power and at least one lens element with a negative power, and a most image-side lens element of the third lens unit is a meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image side, and
wherein the following condition (5-1) is satisfied:


1.47<nd<1.67  (5-1)



where nd is a refractive index of any lens element arranged in or after the second lens unit, excluding a refractive index of a lens element that has a strongest negative refractive power in the third lens unit.

11. A zoom optical system comprising, in order from an object side:
a first lens unit with a negative power;
a second lens unit with a positive power;
a third lens unit with a positive power; and
a fourth lens unit;
wherein a position of the first lens unit and a position of the fourth lens unit are fixed in reference to an image surface, while the second lens unit and the third lens unit are moved along an optical axis for magnification change, to change distances between the respective lens units of the zoom optical system,
wherein the third lens unit comprises an aperture stop and at least three lens elements that include at least one lens element with a positive power and at least one lens element with a negative power, and a most image-side lens element of the third lens unit is a meniscus lens element with a concave surface facing the image side, and
wherein a most object-side lens surface of the fourth lens unit is convex toward the object side at a peripheral portion within an effective range defined by an effective radius of the most object-side lens surface, to have a stronger positive power at the peripheral portion than at a central portion.

12. The zoom optical system according to claim 11, wherein the following conditions (6) and (7) are satisfied:


0.1<fw/f3g<3.0  (6)



−3.0<f3g/R4g1<3.0  (7)


where R4g1 is a radius of curvature of the most object-side lens surface of the fourth lens unit at an intersection with the optical axis, f3g is a focal length of the third lens unit, and fw is a focal length of the entire zoom optical system at the wide angle end position.

13. The zoom optical system according to claim 12, wherein the following conditions (6-1) and (7-1) are satisfied:


0.4<fw/f3g<1.5  (6-1)



−1.5<f3g/R4g1<1.5  (7-1).

14. The zoom optical system according to claim 11, wherein the fourth lens unit consists essentially of one lens element.

15. The zoom optical system according to claim 11, wherein the fourth lens unit has a positive power.