IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF ALABAMA

SOUTHERN DIVISION

ROBERT L. JOHNSON, )

 )

Plaintiff, )

 )

v. ) CIVIL ACTION 05-0389-WS-D

 )

LEVAN THOMAS, et al., )

 )

Defendants. )

ORDER

This matter is before the Court on a flurry of recent filings by plaintiff Robert L. Johnson,

including a request to proceed on appeal without prepayment of fees and costs (docs. 11, 13) as well

as his attempt to refile his Complaint (doc. 14).

On July 6, 2005, after reviewing Johnson’s Complaint, motion for leave to proceed in forma

pauperis, and inmate financial account records from Holman Prison, Magistrate Judge Kristi K.

DuBose entered an Order (doc. 7) granting Johnson’s motion to proceed without prepayment of fees

and ordering him to remit to the Clerk of Court, within 20 days, a money order for $6.56, as a partial

filing fee. Johnson was warned that failure to comply with the order within the prescribed time could

result in dismissal of his action. Yet Johnson failed to submit the requisite partial filing fee and, in fact,

failed to respond in any manner to the Order. As a result of Johnson’s noncompliance, Magistrate

Judge DuBose entered a Report and Recommendation (doc. 8) on August 26, 2005, wherein she

recommended that the Complaint be dismissed without prejudice pursuant to Rule 41(b), Fed.R.Civ.P. 

Although Johnson was informed that he had 10 days in which to file objections to the Report and

Recommendation, he remained silent. Given the lack of objections and after review of relevant portions

of the file, the undersigned entered an Order and Judgment (docs. 9 & 10) on September 30, 2005,

adopting the Report and Recommendation and dismissing this action without prejudice for failure to

prosecute and to abide by the Court’s Orders.

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In particular, the October 24 filing appears to state, “I wish to appeal this matter as

soon as possible,” and further to indicate, “comes now your Defendants [sic] Robert L. Johnson and

moves this court for an order granting leave to appeal in forma papurs [sic].” (Doc. 11, at 1-2.)

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On October 24 and 27, 2005, Johnson filed two handwritten pleadings (docs. 11, 13). 

Although they are virtually illegible, these documents apparently express plaintiff’s intent to appeal from

the Order and Judgment and request permission to proceed on appeal without prepayment of fees and

costs.1 

Notwithstanding his apparent indigent status, Johnson has no absolute right to appeal in forma

pauperis. Rather, his ability to appeal without prepayment of fees and costs is conditioned by 28

U.S.C. § 1915(a)(3), which provides that “[a]n appeal may not be taken in forma pauperis if the trial

court certifies in writing that it is not taken in good faith.” Id.; see also Busch v. County of Volusia,

189 F.R.D. 687, 691 (M.D. Fla. 1999). An appeal is not taken in good faith if it is plainly frivolous. 

United States v. Youngblood, 116 F.3d 1113, 1115 (5th Cir. 1997); DeSantis v. United

Technologies Corp., 15 F. Supp. 2d 1285, 1289 (M.D. Fla. 1998) (appeal is not taken in good faith

when it fails to “seek[] appellate review of any issue that is not frivolous”), aff’d, 193 F.3d 522 (11th

Cir. 1999); United States v. Durham, 130 F. Supp. 445 (D.C. D.C. 1955) ("good faith" means the

existence of a substantial question or one which has merit and is not frivolous); Sejeck v. Singer Mfg.

Co., 113 F. Supp. 281 (D.C. N.J. 1953) ("in good faith" means that points on which appeal is taken

are reasonably arguable); United States v. Gicinto, 114 F. Supp. 929 (W.D. Mo. 1953) (the

application should be denied if the trial court is of opinion that the appeal is frivolous, and without merit,

and a futile proceeding); see generally Napier v. Preslicka, 314 F.3d 528, 531 (11th Cir. 2002)

(action is frivolous for § 1915 purposes if it is without arguable merit either in law or in fact); Bilal v.

Driver, 251 F.3d 1346, 1349 (11th Cir. 2001) (same); Carroll v. Gross, 984 F.2d 392, 393 (11th

Cir. 1993) (case is frivolous for IFP purposes if, at any stage of the proceedings, it appears the plaintiff

“has little or no chance of success”).

Upon review of the Order and Judgment from which Johnson appeals, the Court readily

concludes that the instant appeal was not taken in good faith, that it is plainly frivolous, and that Johnson

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2 After careful attempts to decipher Johnson’s filings, the Court surmises that Johnson’s

explanation for his noncompliance with the Court’s orders hinges on his transfer from Holman

Correctional Facility to Donaldson Correctional Facility in July 2005, during the pendency of this

action. Evidently, Johnson is claiming that his mail was delayed because of his transfer and that he was

confused about the status of his prison account because of such transfer. Such explanations are

inadequate. It is plaintiff’s obligation to keep the Court informed of changes in his mailing address. The

docket sheet reflects that he did not do so; therefore, any delays in his receipt of mail from the Clerk of

Court in this case are solely his responsibility and are not a valid excuse for his noncompliance with the

Court’s orders. Moreover, the Court knows of no reason why the transfer should have affected

Johnson’s ability to monitor and direct the allocation of funds from his inmate account.

3 This Complaint, which is submitted on this District Court’s form § 1983 Complaint,

identifies the defendants as “same as other lawsuit” and lists his claims as “same other suit.” (Doc. 14.) 

Thus, it is apparent that Johnson is endeavoring to refile exactly the same claims against exactly the

same defendants as were encompassed in his initial Complaint.

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has little or no chance of success. The Magistrate Judge ordered Johnson to pay a partial filing fee of

$6.56. He did not pay the filing fee, nor did he otherwise respond to the order. The Magistrate Judge

recommended dismissal of this action without prejudice based on Johnson’s failure to pay the requisite

partial filing fee. Again, Johnson failed to respond or to set forth any objections. To date, Johnson has

still never adequately explained why he failed to pay the filing fee, why he disregarded the previous

orders entered by this Court, and what grounds he possibly has for appealing the Order and Judgment.2

Johnson has failed to identify any colorable basis for appeal or for concluding that this Court’s

disposition of this action was in error, and the Court has been unable to discern any such basis. As

such, plaintiff’s appeal is frivolous. He is therefore ineligible for in forma pauperis status pursuant to

28 U.S.C. § 1915(a)(3), and his motion to proceed on appeal without prepayment of fees and costs is

denied.

In addition to his failed attempt to secure IFP status on appeal, Johnson has endeavored to

refile his Complaint. Indeed, on November 7, 2005, Johnson filed a new § 1983 Complaint (doc. 14)3

and Motion for Leave to Proceed In Forma Pauperis (doc. 15), as well as a one-page pleading (doc.

16) in which he states, “I will pay the filing fee cause I want this matter heard.” Because the previous

dismissal was without prejudice, Johnson is entitled to refile the Complaint, subject to his obligation to

pay filing fees as ordered by the Court. The problem is that, administratively, it is improper for this new

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Complaint to be filed in the 05-0389-WS-D civil action. Case number 05-389-WS-D has been

closed and is presently on appeal to the Eleventh Circuit; therefore, Johnson’s filing of a new Complaint

must proceed as a new civil action and must be assigned a new civil action number.

To that end, the Clerk’s Office is hereby directed to refile pleadings 14 and 15 from civil

action number 05-0389-WS-D under a new civil action number, and to make an appropriate notation

on the docket sheet to that effect. A copy of this Order should also be docketed in the court file for

this new civil action. The Clerk’s Office is further directed to notify Johnson in writing of the new civil

action number, which he must use in all future filings relating to this new iteration of the Complaint. 

Johnson’s appeal to the Eleventh Circuit will continue to proceed under the 05-0389-WS-D number.

In light of these developments, it is not satisfactory for Johnson’s Complaint to list the

defendants as “same as other lawsuit” and his causes of action as “same other suit.” (Doc. 14.) 

Rather, Johnson must complete the form § 1983 Complaint completely, not simply by cursory,

indefinite references to another lawsuit. His new Complaint must set forth the defendants, claims and

facts completely and as a freestanding document. This requirement applies with particular force to

sections III, V and VII of the form Complaint. Accordingly, Johnson is ordered, on or before

November 30, 2005, to file an amended form § 1983 Complaint, using the new civil action number

provided him by the Clerk’s Office and filling out the form in its entirety. Failure to comply with this

Order in a timely manner may result in dismissal of the new complaint for failure to prosecute and failure

to comply with the orders of this Court.

DONE and ORDERED this 8th day of November, 2005.

s/ WILLIAM H. STEELE 

UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE

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