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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

HEATHER FIERCE, 

Plaintiff,

v. Civil Action No. 13-1017 (JEB)

KATHLEEN SEBELIUS,

 Defendant.

MEMORANDUM OPINION

Plaintiff Heather Fierce is a black woman who worked as a Management Analyst for the 

Department of Health and Human Services from September 2010 until September 2012. In this 

suit, she primarily alleges that she was discriminated against on the basis of her race and 

disability, in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e et seq. 

Defendant Kathleen Sebelius, the Secretary of HHS, asserting that venue is improper in this 

district, now moves to dismiss or to transfer the case to the District of Maryland. As transfer is 

both appropriate and unopposed, the Court will grant the Motion.

I. Legal Standard

When presented with a motion to dismiss for improper venue under Federal Rule of Civil 

Procedure 12(b)(3), the Court “accepts the plaintiff’s well-pled factual allegations regarding 

venue as true, draws all reasonable inferences from those allegations in the plaintiff’s favor, and 

resolves any factual conflicts in the plaintiff’s favor.” Pendleton v. Mukasey, 552 F. Supp. 2d 

14, 17 (D.D.C. 2008) (citing Darby v. U.S. Dep’t of Energy, 231 F. Supp. 2d 274, 276–77 

(D.D.C. 2002)). The Court need not, however, accept the plaintiff’s legal conclusions as true, 

Darby, 231 F. Supp. 2d at 277, and may consider material outside of the pleadings. Artis v. 
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Greenspan, 223 F. Supp. 2d 149, 152 (D.D.C. 2002) (citing Land v. Dollar, 330 U.S. 731, 735 

n.4 (1947)). “Because it is the plaintiff’s obligation to institute the action in a permissible forum, 

the plaintiff usually bears the burden of establishing that venue is proper.” Freeman v. Fallin,

254 F. Supp. 2d 52, 56 (D.D.C. 2003); 15 Charles Alan Wright & Arthur R. Miller, Federal 

Practice and Procedure § 3826, at 258 (2d ed. 1986 & Supp. 2006) (“[W]hen an objection has 

been raised, the burden is on the plaintiff to establish that the district he or she has chosen is a 

proper venue.”). To prevail on a motion to dismiss for improper venue, however, “the defendant 

must present facts that will defeat the plaintiff’s assertion of venue.” Khalil v. L-3 Commc'ns 

Titan Grp., 656 F. Supp. 2d 134, 135 (D.D.C. 2009). “Unless there are pertinent factual disputes 

to resolve, a challenge to venue presents a pure question of law.” Williams v. GEICO Corp., 792 

F. Supp. 2d 58, 62 (D.D.C. 2011). 

II. Analysis

Venue in Title VII cases is governed by statute. A Title VII action may be properly 

brought (1) “in any judicial district in the State in which the unlawful employment practice is 

alleged to have been committed,” (2) “in the judicial district in which the employment records 

relevant to such practice are maintained and administered,” or (3) “in the judicial district in 

which the aggrieved person would have worked but for the alleged unlawful employment 

practice . . . .” 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-5(f)(3). “[I]f the respondent is not found within any such 

district, such an action may be brought within the judicial district in which the respondent has his 

principal office.” Id. 

In arguing that venue does not lie here, Defendant points out that Plaintiff’s place of 

employment was Rockville, Maryland; the records relevant to the case are maintained in 

Maryland; and Plaintiff never sought employment in the District. See Mot. at 3-4. Plaintiff 
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responds that she “does not oppose proceeding with the instant action in Maryland Federal 

District Court.” Opp. at 2.

When venue is improper, the Court must dismiss the claim or, “if it be in the interest of 

justice, transfer [it] to any district or division in which it could have been brought.” 28 U.S.C. § 

1406(a). Although the decision to transfer or dismiss is committed to the sound discretion of the 

district court, the interest of justice generally requires transferring a case to the appropriate 

judicial district in lieu of dismissal. See Goldlawr, Inc. v. Heiman, 369 U.S. 463, 466-67 (1962). 

This is what the Court will do here. In this case, the only jurisdiction in which Plaintiff’s claim 

could have been brought is the District of Maryland, and that is where the case shall be 

transferred. 

III. Conclusion

An Order accompanying this Memorandum Opinion will grant Defendant’s Motion and 

transfer the case to the District of Maryland. 

 /s/ James E. Boasberg 

 JAMES E. BOASBERG

 United States District Judge

Date: Nov. 14, 2013