# Patent

## Title
Method and apparatus for monitoring remote devices through a local monitoring station and communicating with a central station supporting multiple manufacturers

## Abstract

A method and apparatus for monitoring at least one network connected device (monitored device) using a controller is disclosed. Initially, the controller/monitoring system attempts to establish communication with the monitored device. If the controller cannot be configured to interface with the monitored device, then configuration information, such as, manufacturer, model, and a unique identifier are obtained from the monitored device. In the process of determining the configuration information, a determination is made to find out if the monitored device is supported by the controller using information from System Support Database (SSD). A device object is created using information from the SSD, thus establishing a communication protocol between the controller and the monitored device Subsequently, configuration information for the monitored device is updated in the System Configuration Database (SCD).

## Background
CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is related to the following commonly owned co-pending Applications: U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/068,861, filed Feb. 11, 2002, entitled “Method and Apparatus Utilizing Communication Means Hierarchy to Configure or Monitor an Interface Device”, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/142,989, filed May 13, 2002, entitled “Verification Scheme for Email Message Containing Information About Remotely Monitored Devices”; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/756,120, filed Jan. 9, 2001, entitled “Method and System of Remote Support of Device Using Email,” the disclosures of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety. The present utility application also claims the benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 60/359,648 filed Feb. 27, 2002 entitled “Architecture of the Remote Monitoring of Devices Through the Local Monitoring Station and Sending to the Central Station in Which the Multiple Vendors Are Supported” the disclosure of which is also incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.


BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
1. Field of Invention
The present invention relates to monitoring, configuration or installation of hardware on a computer system.
2. Discussion of the Background
In general, computer systems include hardware and software. Hardware is the actual physical computing machinery, while software is the list of instructions to operate the hardware. Typically, computer systems will include a variety of hardware devices that interface with one another. When hardware devices interface with one another, it is necessary for the software which operates the hardware to be configured to allow communication between the hardware devices, so that the hardware devices can operate cooperatively. It is also desirable for hardware devices to be monitored. For the purposes of discussion, a hardware device that is configuring or monitoring will be referred to as a controlling device. Likewise, for the purposes of discussion, the hardware device that is being configured to operate cooperatively or being monitored by the controlling device will be referred to as an interfacing device.
When hardware devices initially interface with one another, it is common for the software that operates the devices to remain unconfigured to allow cooperative operation. Accordingly, a significant part of installing computer hardware devices collectively configure the software. In some arrangements, a user must configure the computer hardware manually by opening the computer hardware and physically setting jumpers or dip switches. In still some further arrangements, the installation process includes a user loading software from a floppy disk to configure the hardware devices. There have also been attempts for computer hardware devices to include software that can automatically configures hardware devices. There are, however, some apparent disadvantages and deficiencies with respect to the above-identified approaches.
One disadvantage is that automatic hardware installation software is limiting in its ability to adapt to new devices or to new manufacturers that were not specifically programmed into the software. In the prior art, if the controlling device does not recognize the specific model of the interfacing device, automatic configuration is not possible. In other words if the controlling device is not programmed to anticipate the model of an interfacing device, then automatic hardware configuration will not be successful. In such a circumstance, a user will have to manually install the configuration communication means to the hardware devices.
Another disadvantage of the prior art is that the controlling device is unable to partially configure hardware devices if the particular model of the interfacing device cannot be identified. In other words, if a controlling device cannot identify a specific model of the interfacing device, then the interfacing device will not be configured to function cooperatively. This results in the unconfigured interfacing device being inoperable and essentially useless.
It is desirable for hardware devices located on a network to be monitored for maintenance, usage, or other purposes. However, it has been difficult for a controlling device to communicate with various interfacing devices on a network given the different communication means between manufacturers and models of interfacing devices. These disadvantages prevent network administrators from obtaining crucial information about the performance and efficiency of interfacing devices on a network.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and system for monitoring at least one network connected device (monitored device) using a controller.
More specifically, a method and apparatus for easily creating device objects representing the monitored device is described. Initially, the controller/monitoring system attempts to establish communication with the monitored device. If the controller cannot be configured to interface with the monitored device, configuration information, such as manufacturer, model, and a unique identifier from the monitored device are obtained. In the process of determining the configuration information, a determination is made to find out if the monitored device is supported by the controller using information from System Support Database (SSD). A device object is created using information from the SSD, thus establishing a communication protocol between the controller and the monitored device. Subsequently, configuration information for the monitored device is updated in the System Configuration Database (SCD).
In exemplary embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of databases are used to configure devices with systems. These embodiments are advantageous, as valuable computer resources are used during the initialization of the devices with a system while preserving the computer resources during system operation. For example, a system may utilize two separate databases when a device is being configured. The first database (i.e. a System Configuration Database) stores device information for devices that have already been configured to the system and wherein operational status information of the devices is stored as the devices are being monitored by the system. Such device information may include the manufacturer name, and model name while operational status information may include the page count and toner level.
The device information stored in the first database is utilized during the initialization of the system while the status information stored in the first database is accumulated during the system operation. The first database, therefore, will be large since it will contain status information. Consumption of computer resources is, however, minor since the device information is used during initialization while status information is only added when the system is in operation.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the system of the present invention also utilizes a second database (i.e. a System Support Database). This second database may be relatively large as it would include data pertaining to a plurality of devices. When a device is initialized with a system, and the system is not yet configured to interface with the device, then the first database (i.e. System Configuration Database) can be updated using the information from the second database (i.e. System Support Database) so that the device can interface with the system. Due to the large amount of information stored, querying the second database is not only time consuming but also uses a large amount of valuable computer resources. Once, the critical information (i.e. protocol) relating the device is updated in the first database with information from the second database, only the first database is utilized.
In one aspect, the present invention provides in a network based apparatus having a monitoring system and at least one device communicatively coupled via a network, the monitoring system communicatively coupled to first and second databases, a method of monitoring the at least one device comprising the steps of (a) determining if the monitoring system is configured to communicate with the at least one device by obtaining configuration information from the at least one device; (b) communicating with said at least one device using information stored in said first database if the monitoring system is configured to interface with said at least one device; (c) updating said first database with the configuration information received from said at least one device; (c) determining if said at least one device is configured to interface with said monitoring system using information from said second database if said at least one device is not configured to interface with said monitoring system using information from said first database; and (d) enabling said second database to determine what type of status information is obtained from said at least one device for storing in said first database if said at least one device is configured to interface with said monitoring system.
The step of obtaining configuration information from said first database preferably includes identifying at least one of (i) manufacturer, (ii) model, and (iii) IP address of said at least one device. The step of identifying if the at least one device requires monitoring by using the configuration information only used during an initialization state of the monitoring system. The step of determining if the monitoring system is configured to communicate with the at least one device includes querying the first database with at least one of manufacturer, model, and IP address of the at least one device. The step of determining if the monitoring system is configured to interface with the at least one device includes querying said at least one device with data stored in the first database.
The first database is a system configuration database and comprises information for enabling communication between the monitoring system and said at least one device; and status information related to said at least one device, the status information being added after initialization of the monitoring system for monitoring said at least one device. The second database is a system support database and comprises information about manufacturers and device models supported by the monitoring system. The step of determining if said at least one device is supported by the monitoring system further comprises obtaining status information of said at least one device if manufacturer and model information of said at least one device are supported by the monitoring system. The device of the present invention is made either of hardware or software components.
In another aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for monitoring at least one device in a network based system. The apparatus includes a monitoring system communicatively coupled to the at least one device via a network; a first database communicatively coupled to said monitoring system and storing configuration and status information, said configuration information used to configure said monitoring system with said at least one device; and a second database communicatively coupled to said monitoring system and storing manufacturer and model information of said at least one device, said manufacturer and model information being used to determine if said at least one device is supported by said monitoring system, said second database is enabled to determine what type of status information is obtained from said at least one device for storing in said first database.
In yet another aspect, the present invention provides in a network based apparatus having a monitoring system and at least one device communicatively coupled via a network, the monitoring system communicatively coupled to first and second databases, a computer program product having a computer usable medium comprising instructions for determining if the monitoring system is configured to communicate with said at least one device by obtaining configuration information from said at least one device. The computer program product also includes instructions for communicating with said at least one device using information stored in said first database if the monitoring system is configured to interface with said at least one device; instructions for updating said first database with the configuration information received from said at least one device; instructions for determining if said at least one device is configured to interface with said monitoring system using information from said second database if said at least one device is not configured to interface with said monitoring system using information from said first database. In addition, the computer program product includes instructions for enabling said second database to determine what type of status information is obtained from said at least one device for storing in said first database if said at least one device is configured to interface with said monitoring system.
In a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided in a network based apparatus having a monitoring system and at least one device communicatively coupled via a network, the monitoring system communicatively coupled to first and second databases, an apparatus for monitoring the at least one device comprising (a) means for determining if the monitoring system is configured to communicate with said at least one device by obtaining configuration information from said at least one device; (b) means for communicating with said at least one device using information stored in said first database if the monitoring system is configured to interface with said at least one device; (c) means for updating said first database with the configuration information received from said at least one device; (c) means for determining if said at least one device is configured to interface with said monitoring system using information from said second database if said at least one device is not configured to interface with said monitoring system using information from said first database; and (d) means for enabling said second database to determine what type of status information is obtained from said at least one device for storing in said first database if said at least one device is configured to interface with said monitoring system.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides a method for monitoring a device connected to a network using a controller, the method includes (a) determining if the controller is configured to communicate with the device by obtaining configuration information from the device; (b) if the controller is configured to interface with the device, then communicating with the device using information stored in a first database; (c) updating said first database with configuration information received from the device; (c) if the device is not configured to interface with said controller using information from said first database, then determining if the device is configured to interface with said controller using information from a second database; and (d) if the device is configured to interface with said controller, enabling said second database to determine what type of status information is stored in said first database for the device.
An advantage of the present invention includes the ease with which to change the devices that the system supports by modifying the database rather than the system.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A more complete appreciation of the present invention and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes better understood by reference of the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the network relationship of device 2 and system 8, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exemplary flowchart illustrating the steps involved to determine if system 8 is configured to interface with device 2;
FIG. 3 is an exemplary flow chart illustrating the steps involved to determine if system 8 is configured to interface with device 2 using the System Configuration Database 6;
FIG. 4 is an exemplary illustration of a hierarchical approach to determine if device 2 is supported by system 8;
FIG. 5 illustrates software objects in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary sequence diagram when the system is initialized to obtain information about object identifiers used to identify the manufacturer, model, and unique identifier, and to obtain information about the manufacturers and models supported by the system;
FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary sequence diagram for creating device objects to represent the monitored devices during initialization;
FIG. 8 shows the sequence diagram for executing the setAgent( ) 122 function of VendorModel 118;
FIG. 9 is an exemplary flowchart for the setAgent( ) function of VendorModel;
FIG. 10 exemplifies a sequence diagram when the system obtains information used to obtain the status information for the specific manufacturer and model of the monitored devices;
FIG. 11 shows the flowchart for the createDevice( ) function of DeviceFactory;
FIG. 12 shows the sequence diagram for executing the monitorStatus( ) function;
FIG. 13 shows the sequence diagram for executing the getStatus( ) 214 function of Device 210;
FIG. 14 shows the tables of a database having information about the manufacturers and models supported by the system;
FIG. 15 shows an example of the contents in the tables of the database as described in FIG. 14; and
FIG. 16 shows the class diagram for the ODBC2 package.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the network relationship of device 2 and system 8. Device 2 interfaces with system 8 through network 4. System 8 is coupled to System Configuration Database (SCD) 6 and System Support Database (SSD) 10. Network 4 can be any type of communication structure that allows device 2 and system 8 to exchange data. For example, network 4 could be either a Wide Area Network (WAN), Local Area Network (LAN), or a simple cable physically connecting the device 2 and system 8. It will be appreciated that the present invention is not limiting of the type of networks, and that other networks may be used to enable communication between device 2 and system 8.
System Configuration Database 6 includes information of first and second types. The first type of information is configuration or device information, such as, for example, manufacturer name, model name, IP address, company name, contact person's name, and contact person's e-mail address to name a few. The configuration information is used only during the initialization of system 8 in order to determine which devices need to be monitored. The System Configuration Database 6, however, does not include information about what protocol to use to communicate with the device 2. The SCD 6, however, includes information necessary for communication, such as for example, the IP address. Therefore, SCD 6 contains information that is used to determine if system 8 is configured to interface with device 2. The second type of information stored in SCD 6 is status information. Examples of status information include page count, error status, and toner level. Status information is added to the database (SCD 6) after the initialization of the system 8 when the system 8 is monitoring devices connected to the network 4. The System Configuration Database (SCD 6) is not directly dependent on the System Support Database (SSD 10).
The SSD 10 includes information about manufacturers and models that are supported by the system 8. Though this system can support all devices irrespective of manufacturer or model, the amount of status information obtained from the device 2 depends upon manufacturers and models that are supported by the SSD 10. If the manufacturer and model are supported by SSD 10, then detailed status information may be obtained from the device 2. Thus, the SSD 10 determines what type of status information is stored in the System Configuration Database (SCD 6).
Information from both SCD 6 and SSD 10 are used to create device objects to represent the devices being monitored. Although a single device 2 is shown to be connected to the network 4, it will be appreciated that a plurality of devices, that need to be monitored, may be connected to network 4. The device objects allow the system 8 to communicate with the device 2 and determine what information to obtain from the devices.
FIG. 2 is an exemplary flowchart illustrating how it is determined if system 8 is configured to interface with device 2. In block 12, the system 8 or some other device that is part of the network 4 determines if the system 8 is configured to interface with device 2. For example, it is determined whether the system 8 is programmed with software that allows the system 8 to communicate with device 2. In other words, system 8 uses a protocol that is compatible with device 2, such that system 8 and device 2 can exchange data and operate cooperatively. In determining if the system 8 is configured to interface with device 2, the system 8 also obtained configuration information from the device 2 and determines if device 2 is supported by the system 8.
In block 14, if it is determined that system 8 is configured to interface with device 2, then in block 20, a communication protocol is established between system 8 and device 2, based on information stored in System Support Database 10. In block 22, the System Configuration Database (SCD 6) is updated with the configuration data obtained when determining if the system 8 was configured to interface with the device 2. However, if it is determined that the system 8 is not configured to interface with device 2 in block 14, then the process ends and device 2 will not interface with system 8.
FIG. 3 is an exemplary flow chart illustrating how it is determined if system 8 is configured to interface with device 2 using the System Configuration Database (SCD 6). In block 24, the device 2 is queried using a standard communication protocol to determine its manufacturer, model, and/or the unique identification.
In block 26, if the manufacturer, model, or unique identification of the device is determined then the process proceeds to block 36, otherwise, the process proceeds to block 28. In block 36, it is determined that the system is configured to interface with the device 2.
In block 28, the device 2 is queried using data stored in the System Configuration Database 6 to determine the manufacturer, model, and/or unique identification of device 2. In block 34, it is determined if the manufacturer, model, and/or unique identification of the device 2 was identified in block 28. If the determination of block 34 is positive, then it is determined in block 36 that the system is configured to interface with the device 2. If the determination of block 34 is negative, then it is determined in block 38 that the system is not configured to interface with device 2.
In querying the device 2 for the manufacturer and model information in blocks 24 and 28, the manufacturer and model of the device is checked with the System Support Database 10 to determine if the manufacturer and model is supported by the system 8. However, it does not affect whether or not the system 8 is configured to interface with the device 2.
The System Support Database 10 is used to determine what status information is to be obtained from the device 2 when it is being monitored by the system 8. A device object for the device 2 includes information from SSD 10 about what status information to obtain. If the manufacturer and model of the device is not supported in the SSD 10, then the device object will obtain status information that is available to all devices connected to the network 4. If the manufacturer is supported in the SSD 10 but the model of the device is not supported, then the device object will obtain status information that is available for all devices of a manufacturer. If the manufacturer and the model are supported, then the device object will obtain status information that is available for all devices of the model.
FIG. 4 is an exemplary illustration of a hierarchical approach to determining if device 2 is supported by system 8. In blocks 56 and 58, it is determined if the manufacturer of the device 2 is supported by the system 8. If the manufacturer is not supported, then in block 60 it is determined that the device is to be configured to use a generic protocol. If the manufacturer is supported, then the process proceeds to block 62.
In blocks 62 and 64, it is determined if the model of device 2 is supported by the system 8. If the model is not supported, then it is determined in block 66 that the device 2 is to be configured using a manufacturer specific protocol. If the model is supported, then it is determined in block 68 that the device 2 is to be configured using a model specific protocol.
FIG. 5 illustrates software object in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The software object Send Interface Manager 70 interfaces directly or indirectly with software objects DataTransfer 74, ODBC-1 72, DeviceFactory 76, VenderModel 78, ODBC-2 84, SNMP 80, and Device 82.
Table 1 illustrates the functions of the ODBC-1 72.








TABLE 1







updateConfig
Before this function is called, the calling function



should not replace the manufacturer and model entries



if get functions return null string from VendorModel



package. This function updates the device information



database of the current record in the ODBC. This



function is most efficient when the getConfig below is



called initially. First, this function checks if IP



address is same at the ODBC. If IP addresses are not



the same, the record with correct IP address is



obtained from the database. Then, the other fields are



copied and the record is updated.


getConfig
This function obtains a map from ODBC for the device



information in a given format. The function returns



true if there is data returned, false if there is no



more data.


saveStatus
This function saves the status information into the



ODBC. The function returns true when saving is suc-



cessful, false otherwise.









Table 2 illustrates the functions of DeviceFactory 76.








TABLE 2







createDevice
This function creates the device of the specification in



the Device Factory. The function returns a pointer to the



created device if the creation is successful, 0 otherwise.









Table 3 illustrates the functions of DataTransfer 74.








TABLE 3







startSend
This function triggers the Data Transfer to prepare for



sending the data specified in the infoType. The function



returns the EerrorCode.


dataSend
This function in the Data Transfer sends the received data to



the appropriate destination after properly formatting, en-



crypting and encoding. The function returns the EerrorCode.


endSend
This function in the Data Transfer ends the data sending. The



function returns the EerrorCode.









Table 4 illustrates the functions of Device 82.








TABLE 4







getStatus
This function obtains status information from a device.



The function returns true when the status is returned,



false when status could not be obtained. This function



resets the variable that keeps the error status before



returning.


checkErrorStatus
This function triggers the device to check the error



status to be saved internally.









Table 5 illustrates the functions of ODBC-2 84.








TABLE 5







getManufInfo
This function obtains the name of the manufac-



turer, its vendor OID, the OID where the model



information is stored, and the OID where the



unique ID can be obtained. This function returns



true when the data is returned, false when no



more data is available and all the strings are



set to null strings.


getSupportedModel
This function obtains the Manufacturer and



supported model. There may be more than one



instances of the same manufacturer, but the



model is unique for the given manufacturer.



This function returns true when the data is



returned, false when no more data is available



and all the strings are set to null strings.


getManufStatusInfo
This function obtains the infoType and OID asso-



ciated with the infoType for the given Manufac-



turer. The obtained infoType and OID pair is



supported by all the devices from the given



manufacture. This function returns true when the



data is returned, false when no more data is



available and all the strings are set to null



strings.


getModelStatusInfo
This function obtains the infoType and OID asso-



ciated with the infoType for the given Manufac-



turer and model. This function returns true when



the data is returned, false when no more data is



available and all the strings are set to null



strings.









Table 6 illustrates the functions of SNMP 80.








TABLE 6







setAgent
This function sets the IP address of the device to be



contacted.


getManufacturer
This function gets the manufacturer at the IP address.



If the manufacturer is obtained, the function returns



true. If the error is detected in the process, the



function returns false.


getModel
This function gets the model of the device. If the



model is obtained, including the null string, the



function returns true. If the error is detected in the



process, the function returns false.


getUniqueId
This function returns the unique ID from device. If the



unique ID is obtained, including the null string, the



function returns true. If the error is detected in the



process, the function returns false.









VendorModel 78 is responsible for obtaining information about the manufacturer and model of the monitored device. This software object obtains the manufacturer, model, and unique identifier of the monitored device. The class CVendorModel of VendorModel 78 uses information from the database to determine the manufacturers and models supported by the system. The class also uses information from the database needed to obtain the model and unique identifier from the monitored device. The public and private functions of CVendorModel are shown in Table 7 below.










TABLE 7







Function Name
Description


















Public
CVendorModel ( )
Constructor



~ CVendorModel ( )
Destructor



bool setAgent(std::string&in_sIP)
Creates an SNMP session for the




monitored device and obtains the




manufacturer, model, and unique




identifier of the device



bool getManufacturer(std::string&
Returns the manufacturer of the device



out_sManufacturer)



bool getModel(std::string&out_sModel)
Returns the model of the device



bool getUniqueID(std::string &out_sID)
Returns the unique identifier of the




device


Private
void setVectorAndMapAttributes( )
Constructs a vector




containing information needed to




determine manufacturer, model, and




unique identifier of the device and a map




containing information about




manufacturers and models supported by




the system



void obtainManufacturer( )
Obtains information about the




manufacturer from the device



void obtainModel ( )
Obtains information about the model




from the device



void obtainUniqueID( )
Obtains information about the unique




identifier from the device



void convertToAllUpper(std::string&
Converts the input string to all upper



inOut_sString)
case



std::string convertToHex(std::string&
Converts the input string to a



in_sString)
hexadecimal string









Table 8 below shows the attributes of the CVendorModel class that are used in the above functions.









TABLE 8





Type
Attribute Name
Description







CSNMP
m_SNMP
This attribute member is used to implement




an SNMP session for the monitored




devices.


std::vector<ManufacturerAndModelInfo>
m_ManufacturerAndModel-
This attribute member is a vector that



InfoVector
contains information about the object




identifiers used to identify the




manufacturer, model, and unique identifier




of the monitored devices.


std::map<std::string,
m_ManufacturerModelMap
This attribute member is a map that lists all


std::vector<std::string

the models of a given manufacturer in the


> >

vector that the system supports.


std::string
m_sManufacturer
This attribute member represents the




Manufacturer of the monitored device.


std::string
m_sModel
This attribute member represents the Model




of the monitored device.


std::string
m_sUniqueID
This attribute member represents the unique




identifier of the monitored device.


bool
m_bReturn
This attribute is set to true if SNMP session




is successful in the setAgent( ) function;




false otherwise.


std::string
m_sCurrentModelOID
This attribute member represents the object




identifier used to find information about the




model of the monitored device.


std::string
m_sCurrentUniqueOID
This attribute member represents the object




identifier used to find information about the




unique ID such as a serial number of the




monitored device.









ManufacturerAndModelInfo in m_ManufacturerAndModelInfoVector has the following structure:















struct ManufacturerAndModelInfo {









std::string m_sManufacturer;



std::string m_sEnterpriseOID;



std::string m_sModelOID;



std::string m_sUniqueOID;









};










m_sManufacturer is the name of the manufacturer. m_sEnterpriseOID is the enterprise object identifier associated with the manufacturer. The enterprise object identifier is unique to a manufacturer. m_sModelOID is the object identifier that can be used to find the model name of the device. m_sUniqueOID is the object identifier that can be used to find the unique identifier of the device. The unique identifier can be the serial number or the MAC address of the device.
DeviceFactory 76 is responsible for creating a device object representing the monitored device. DeviceFactory 76 makes sure the device object knows what status information it needs to obtain. CDeviceFactory is the only class in DeviceFactory 76 package. The public and private functions of CDeviceFactory are shown in Table 9 below.










TABLE 9







Function Name
Description


















Public
CDeviceFactory ( )
Constructor



~ CDeviceFactory ( )
Destructor



virtual CDevice * createDevice(std::string&
This function creates a device object



in_sIP, CSNMP &in_SNMP, std::string &
representing the monitored device



in_sManufacturer, std::string &in_sModel,
and passes into it a vector containing



std::string &in_sUniqueID)
information about what status




information to obtain.


Private
void setGenericDeviceVector( )
This function sets a vector to contain




information used to obtain status




information that is obtainable from




all monitored devices.



void setManufacturerVectorMap( )
This function sets a map to contain




information used to obtain status




information that is obtainable from




all monitored devices of the specific




manufacturers.









Table 10 below shows the attributes of the CDeviceFactory class that are used in the above functions.









TABLE 10





Type
Attribute Name
Description







CSupportODBC
m_SupportODBC
This attribute member represents an object




used to access information in the database




that is needed to obtain status information of




the monitored devices.


std::vector<std::pair<infoType,
m_GenericDeviceVector
This attribute member contains information


std::string> >

used to obtain status information for




monitored devices of all manufacturer and




model.


std::map<std::string,
m_ManufacturerVectorMap
This attribute member contains information


std::vector<std::pair<infoType,

used to obtain status information for


std::string> >

monitored devices of a given manufacturer.


>









infoType is a number used in m_GenericDeviceVector and m_ManufacturerVectorMap used to represent a specific type of status information. For example, 503 represents a NoPaper condition for the monitored device and 601 represents the page life count of the monitored device.
Device 82 represents a monitored device. It accesses status information of the monitored device. Status information includes information such as error status, page count, toner cartridge level, and alerts. CDevice is the only class in Device 82 package. The public functions of CDevice are shown in Table 11 below.










TABLE 11







Function Name
Description


















Public
CDevice (std::string&in_sIPaddress, CSNMP&
Constructor



in_SNMP, std::string&in_sManufacturer,



std::string&in_sModel, std::string&



in_sUniqueID)



~ CDevice ( )
Destructor



bool getStatus(std::map<infoType, std::string> &
This function obtains the status



out_StatusInformation)
information of the monitored device



bool checkErrorStatus( )
This function gets the error status of




the monitored device



bool setNumOIDVector
This function sets the vector that will



(std::vector<std::pair<infoType, std::string> > &
be used to obtain the status



in_Vector)
information from the monitored




device via SNMP.









Table 12 below shows the attributes of the CDevice class that are used in the above functions.









TABLE 12





Type
Attribute Name
Description







Std::string
m_sIP Address
This attribute member is the IP address of




the monitored device


CSNMP &
m_SNMP
This attribute member is used to implement




an SNMP session for the monitored devices.


std::string
m_sManufacturer
This attribute member is the manufacturer of




the monitored device.


std::string
m_sModel
This attribute member is the model of the




monitored device.


std::string
m_sUniqueID
This attribute member is the unique ID for




the monitored device.


char
m_cError
This attribute member is used to keep the




error bits representing the error status of the




monitored device


std::vector<std::pair<infoType,
m_NumOIDVector
This vector stores information that will be


std::string> >

used to obtain the status information from




the monitored device via SNMP.









FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary sequence diagram when the system is initialized to obtain information about the object identifiers used to identify the manufacturer, model, and unique identifier and to obtain information about the manufacturers and models supported by the system. VendorModel 86 interacts with ODBC2 88 to obtain this information. ODBC2 88 provides an interface to the database to obtain information requested of it by VendorModel 86. VendorModel 86 calls the function getManufInfo( ) 90 of ODBC2 88 to obtain the object identifiers used to identify the manufacturer, model, and unique identifier of the monitored devices from the database. This information is stored in the vector m_ManufacturerAndModelInfoVector described in Table 8 above. getManufInfo( ) 90 is called multiple times until all the object identifiers for all manufacturers supported by the system are read in from the database. Then VendorModel 86 calls the function getSupportedModel( ) 92 of ODBC2 88 to obtain the manufacturer and model supported by the system from the database. This information is stored in the map m_ManufacturerModelMap described in Table 8 above. getSupportedModel( ) is called multiple times until all the models supported by the system are read in from the database. To remove, modify, or add the manufacturers and models supported by the system, the only change necessary is in the database which stores information about the supported manufacturers and models. No change needs to be done to the system when the manufacturers and models supported by the system changes. The information is read in from the database during initialization.
FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary sequence diagram for creating device objects to represent the monitored devices during initialization. Initially, the system 8 (FIG. 1) attempts to establish communication with device 2. If the system 8 cannot be configured to interface with device 2, configuration information, such as manufacturer, model, and a unique identifier from device 2 is obtained. In the process of determining the configuration information, a determination is made to find out if the device 2 is supported by the system 8 using information from System Support Database (SSD 10). A device object is created using information from the SSD 10, thus establishing a communication protocol between the system 8 and the device 2—irrespective of whether or not the device is supported by the system 8. Subsequently, configuration information for the device 2 is updated in the System Configuration Database (SCD 6). SendInterfaceManager 94 calls getconfig( ) 102 of ODBC 96. ODBC 96 provides an interface to the database to obtain configuration information of the monitored devices. The configuration information includes manufacturer name, model name, and IP address of the monitored device, the name, phone number, and email address of the contact person who is responsible for the monitored device. The database contains the configuration information of all devices that are to be monitored. However, not all of the devices in this database may be supported by the system as specified in the database associated with ODBC2 84 of FIG. 5.
SendInterfaceManager 94 calls setAgent( ) 104, creating an SNMP session with the monitored device to obtain the manufacturer, model, and unique identifier of the device. More details of this function are provided in FIG. 8. SendInterfaceManager 94 calls getManufacturer( ) 106, getModel( ) 108, and getUniqueID( ) 110 of VendorModel 98 to get the manufacturer name, model name, and unique identifier of the monitored device. SendInterfaceManager 94 calls createDevice( ) 112 of DeviceFactory 100 to create a device object for the monitored device. The device object will be used by SendInterfaceManager 94 to obtain status information of the monitored device. SendInterfaceManager 94 calls updateconfig( ) of ODBC 96 to update the configuration information in the database.
All the steps in the sequence are repeated until all the monitored devices in the database are obtained. A device object will be created for each of the monitored devices. SendInterfaceManager 94 will maintain each of the device objects.
FIG. 8 shows the sequence diagram for executing the setAgent( ) 122 function of VendorModel 118. SendInterfaceManager 116 calls setAgent( ) 122 of VendorModel 118. VendorModel 118 calls setAgent( ) 124 of SNMP 120. This function sets up an SNMP session between the system and the monitored device. VendorModel 118 calls its own function obtainManufacturer( ) 126 to obtain the manufacturer name of the monitored device. In the function obtainManufacturer( ) 126, VendorModel 118 calls getNextStringValueForOID( ) 128 of SNMP 120 to obtain the enterprise object identifier via SNMP from the monitored device. The enterprise object identifier is used to identify the manufacturer of the monitored device. VendorModel 118 calls its own function obtainModel( ) 130 to obtain the model name of the monitored device. In the function obtainModel( ) 130, VendorModel 118 calls getNextStringValueForOID( ) 132 of SNMP 120 to obtain the model name of the monitored device via SNMP. VendorModel 118 calls its own function obtainUniqueID( ) 134 to obtain the unique identifier of the monitored device. In the function obtainUniqueID( ) 134, VendorModel 118 calls getNextStringValueForOID( ) 136 of SNMP 120 to obtain the unique identifier of the monitored device via SNMP.
FIG. 9 is an exemplary flowchart for the setAgent( ) function of VendorModel. In step 140 the variables representing the manufacturer name, model name, and unique identifier are set to an empty string. These variables are m_sManufacturer, m_sModel, and m_sUniqueID as exemplified in Table 8. In step 142 the enterprise object identifier of the monitored device is obtained via SNMP. In step 144 the enterprise object identifier obtained from the monitored device is compared to those supported by the system. The enterprise object identifier and its corresponding manufacturer supported by the system are stored in the vector m_ManufacturerAndModelInfoVector as described in Table 8. The vector is searched to determine if the enterprise object identifier of the monitored device is found. If the enterprise object identifier cannot be found in the vector, then step 156 will be processed next. If the enterprise object identifier is found in the vector, then the manufacturer of the monitored device is supported by the system and step 146 is processed next. In step 146 the variable for the manufacturer name m_sManufacturer is set to the manufacturer name corresponding to the enterprise object identifier in the vector. In step 148 the variables m_sCurrentModelOID and m_sCurrentUniqueOID for the object identifier used to find the model name and the unique identifier of the monitored device is set to the object identifiers corresponding to the enterprise object identifier in the vector. In step 150 the model name is obtained from the monitored device via SNMP using the object identifier m_sCurrentModelOID.
In step 152 the model name obtained from the monitored device is compared to those supported by the system. The manufacturer and model supported by the system are stored in the map m_ManufacturerModelMap as described in Table 8. The map is searched to determine if the model is found in the map. If the model cannot be found in the map, then step 156 will be processed next. If the model can be found in the map, then the model of the monitored device is supported by the system and step 154 is processed next. In step 154 the variable for the model name m_sModel is set to the model name obtained from the monitored device. In step 156 the unique identifier is obtained from the monitored device via SNMP using the object identifier m_sCurrentUniqueOID. Then set the variable for the unique identifier m_sUniqueID to the unique identifier obtained from the monitored device.
The functions setAgent( ) of VendorModel allows the system to obtain the manufacturer name and model name of the monitored device via SNMP to determine if it is supported by the system. Also, it allows the system to verify the manufacturer name and model name.
FIG. 10 exemplifies a sequence diagram when the system obtains information used to obtain the status information for the specific manufacturer and model of the monitored devices. DeviceFactory 160 interacts with ODBC2 162 to obtain this information. ODBC2 162 provides an interface to the database to obtain information requested of it by DeviceFactory 160. DeviceFactory 160 calls the function getManufStatusInfo( ) 164 of ODBC2 162 to obtain information needed to obtain the status information from monitored devices for a specific manufacturer via SNMP. The information includes a number (infoType) representing some type of status information and an object identifier used to obtain the status information via SNMP. getManufStatusInfo( ) 166 is called multiple times until the information needed to obtain all the status information for a specific manufacturer are read in from the database. Then DeviceFactory 160 calls the function getModelStatuslnfo( ) 168 of ODBC2 162 to obtain information needed to obtain status information from monitored devices for a specific model via SNMP. The information includes a number (infoType) representing some type of status information and an object identifier used to obtain the status information via SNMP. GetModelStatusInfo( ) 170 is called multiple times until the information needed to obtain all the status information for a specific model are read in from the database. This sequence is called within the createDevice( ) function of DeviceFactory when a device object is created for the monitored device. This information will be added to the device object as described in FIG. 11.
By using the database to store information used to obtain the status information pertaining to the manufacturer and the status information pertaining to the model, status information to be obtained from the monitored devices can be easily modify, remove, or add to the database without any changes to the system.
FIG. 11 shows the flowchart for the createDevice( ) function of DeviceFactory. In step 174 a device object is created to represent the monitored devices. In step 176 a vector containing information needed to obtain status information from devices of all manufacturers is assigned to a local vector. This vector corresponds to m_GenericDeviceVector described in Table 10. In step 178 the manufacturer name of the monitored device is checked to see if it is supported by the system (the manufacturer name is an empty string if it is not supported by the system). If the manufacturer name is not supported, then step 186 will be processed next. If the manufacturer name is supported, then step 180 will be processed next.
In step 180 information needed to obtain status information from the monitored device of a specific manufacturer is obtained from a map and added to the local vector. The map corresponds to m_ManufacturerVectorMap described in Table 10. In step 182 the model name of the monitored device is checked to see if it is supported by the system (the model name is an empty string if it is not supported by the system). If the model name is not supported, then step 186 will be processed next. If the model name is supported, then step 184 will be processed next.
In step 184 information needed to obtain status information from the monitored device of a specific model is obtained from the database and added to the local vector. In step 186 the local vector containing the information needed to obtain all the status information of the monitored device is set in the device object. The device object will have information about what status information it must get from the monitored device.
DeviceFactory creates and initializes all the device objects so that it knows what status information it must obtain.
FIG. 12 shows the sequence diagram for executing the monitorStatus( ) function. The process sends the status information of the monitored devices to a desired location. SendInterfaceManager 190 calls startSend( ) 198 of DataTransfer 196 to prepare the system to send the status information of the monitored devices via email (SMTP). SendInterfaceManager 190 calls getStatus( ) 200 of Device 194 to obtain the status information of the monitored device. Device 194 corresponds to the monitored device and it knows what status information it must obtain. SendlnterfaceManager 190 calls saveStatus( ) 202 of ODBC 192 to store the status information of the monitored device in the database. SendInterfaceManager 190 calls dataSend( ) 204 of DataTransfer 196 to send the status information of the monitored device via email (SMTP). The steps of calling getStatus( ) 200, savestatus( ) 202, and dataSend( ) 204 are repeated for each monitored device. There is a device object for each monitored device. SendInterfaceManager 190 calls endSend( ) 206 of DataTransfer 196 to complete the sending of the status information via email.
FIG. 13 shows the sequence diagram for executing the getStatus( ) 214 function of Device 210. SendInterfaceManager 208 calls getStatus( ) 214 of Device 210 to obtain the status information of the monitored device. Device 210 represents a monitored device of a specific manufacturer and model. The status information will be obtained from the monitored devices via SNMP. If the monitored device is not supported by the system, then the status information obtained from the monitored device is the status information obtainable for all monitored devices (all-system status information) such as error status. If the manufacturer but not the model of the monitored device is supported by the system, then the status information obtained from the monitored device is the all-system status information and the status information obtainable for all monitored devices of the specific manufacturer (manufacturer-specific status information). If the manufacturer and model of the monitored device is supported by the system, then the status information obtained from the monitored device is the all-system status information, the manufacturer-specific status information, and the status information obtainable for all monitored devices of the specific model (model-specific status information). Device 210 contains a vector so that it knows which information it needs to obtain. Device 210 calls getNextStringValueForOID( ) of Snmp 212 so the system can obtain the status information from the monitored device via SNMP. getNextStringValueForOID( ) 218 is called multiple times to obtain all the status information from the monitored device.
FIG. 14 shows the tables of a database that contains information about the manufacturers and models supported by the system. The table also includes information about what information is to be obtained for each manufacturer and model. Manufacturer 230 is the table that contains information about the manufacturers supported by the system. Manufacturer 230 also contains the following information-enterprise object identifier for the manufacturer, object identifier used to find the model name of the monitored device, and object identifier used to find the unique identifier of the monitored device. SupportedModelByManufacturer 220 is the table that contains the models with its corresponding manufacturer that are supported by the system. To add or remove manufacturers and models supported by the system, only the tables Manufacturer 230 and SupportedModelByManufacturer 220 need to be modified. No modification needs to be made to the code of the system. The system will read the information from these tables of the database.
ComManufStatus 226 is the table that contains information about what information will be obtained from the monitored device based on its manufacturer name. The table contains the manufacturer name and a number representing the type of information. ModelStatus 222 is the table that contains information about what information will be obtained from the monitored device based on its model name. The table contains the manufacturer name, the model name, and a number representing the type of information. To add or remove information obtained from the monitored device, only the tables ComManufStatus 226 and ModelStatus 222 need to be modified. No modification needs to be made to the code of the system. The system will read the information from these tables of the database.
EnumOID 224 is the table that contains information about the object identifier used to find the information corresponding to the number. The object identifier will be used by the system to find a specific type of information from the monitored device via SNMP. EnumCorrespondence 228 is the table that contains a description of the numbers used to represent a type of information. This table is not used by the system but will provide the user of the system information about what the numbers represent.
FIG. 15 shows an example of the contents in the tables of the database as described in FIG. 14. Microsoft Access is the database used to store information about the manufacturers and models supported by the system.
FIG. 16 shows the class diagram for the ODBC2 package. The CSupportODBC 232 class is the interface for this package to access information in the database. The CManufacturerData 240 class accesses information from the database needed to obtain the manufacturer, model, and unique ID of the monitored device. The CSupportedModelData 234 class accesses information from the database about the manufacturer and model of monitored device supported by the system. The CComManufStatusData 236 class accesses information from the database needed to obtain manufacturer status information associated with the monitored device. The CModelStatusData 238 class accesses information from the database needed to obtain model status information associated with the monitored device. The CManufacturerDatabase 242 class provides an interface to the table in the database that contains the manufacturer information. The CSupportedModelDatabase 244 class provides an interface to the table in the database that contains information about supported models. The CComManufStatusDatabase 246 class provides an interface to the table in the database that contains the manufacturer status information. The CModelStatusDatabase 250 class provides an interface to the table in the database that contains the model status information. The CInfoTypeOIDDatabase 248 class provides an interface to the table in the database that contains the correspondence between the infoType enumeration and the object identifier.
CManufacturerDatabase 242, CSupportedModelDatabase 244, CComManufStatusDatabase 246, CModelStatusDatabase 250, and CInfoTypeOIDDatabase 248 are all classes derived from CRecordset 252 of the Microsoft Foundation Class (MFC) library.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and many modifications or variations are possible in light of the above teaching. For example, any one or more of the concepts described or shown herein may be applied to the system and/or method disclosed in related application No. Ser. No. 09/756,120, filed Jan. 9, 2001, entitled “Method and System of Remote Support of Device Using Email.” Moreover, any concept or feature described in related application Ser. No. 09/756,120 may be applied to the systems or methods disclosed herein. The embodiments were chosen and described to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical applications thereby enable others skilled in the art to utilize the invention and various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the present invention be defined only by the claims appended hereto.

## Claims

1. A computer-implemented method of monitoring a device communicatively coupled to a monitoring computer via a network, the method comprising:
determining, by the monitoring computer, if the monitoring computer is able to communicate with said device by attempting to access the device using an address obtained from a first digital repository;
accessing said device to attempt to obtain first device information indicating that the device was provided by a system-supported vendor using information stored in a second digital repository, if the determining step determines that the monitoring computer is able to communicate with said device;
accessing said device to attempt to obtain second device information indicating that the model of the device is a system-supported model using the information stored in the second digital repository, if the monitoring computer obtained the first device information indicating that the device was provided by a system-supported vendor;
obtaining, from the second digital repository, first information necessary to obtain status information for all devices having addresses stored in the first digital repository;
obtaining, from the second digital repository, second information necessary to obtain status information for all devices provided by the system-supported vendor of the device, if the first device information was obtained from the device;
obtaining, from the second digital repository, third information necessary to obtain status information for devices of the system-supported model of the device, if the second device information was obtained from the device;
obtaining status information from the device using the first information;
obtaining status information from the device using the second information, if the first device information was obtained from the device; and
obtaining status information from the device using the third information, if the second device information was obtained from the device.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining if the monitoring computer is able to communicate with said device comprises:
querying the first digital repository with at least one of manufacturer, model, and unique identifier of said device.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining if the monitoring computer is able to communicate with said device comprises querying said device with data stored in the first digital repository.

4. The method as in claim 3, wherein the first digital repository is a system configuration digital repository and comprises:
information for enabling communication between the monitoring computer and said device; and
status information related to said device, the status information being added after initialization of the monitoring computer for monitoring said device.

5. The method as in claim 1, wherein the second digital repository is a system support database and comprises information about vendors and device models supported by the monitoring computer.

6. In a network-based system having a monitoring computer and a device communicatively coupled via a network, the monitoring computer communicatively coupled to first and second databases, a computer program product embodied on a computer readable medium, the computer program product, when executed by the monitoring computer, causes the monitoring computer to monitor the device, the computer program product comprising:
instructions for determining if the monitoring computer is able to communicate with said device by attempting to access the device using an address obtained from a first digital repository;
instructions for accessing said device to attempt to obtain first device information indicating that the device was provided by a system-supported vendor using information stored in a second digital repository, if the instructions for determining determine that the monitoring computer is able to communicate with said device;
instructions for accessing said device to attempt to obtain second device information indicating that the model of the device is a system-supported model using the information stored in the second digital repository, if the monitoring computer obtained the first device information indicating that the device was provided by a system-supported vendor;
instructions for obtaining, from the second digital repository, first information necessary to obtain status information for all devices having addresses stored in the first digital repository;
instructions for obtaining, from the second digital repository, second information necessary to obtain status information for all devices provided by the system-supported vendor of the device, if the first device information was obtained from the device;
instructions for obtaining, from the second digital repository, third information necessary to obtain status information for devices of the system-supported model of the device, if the second device information was obtained from the device;
instructions for obtaining status information from the device using the first information;
instructions for obtaining status information from the device using the second information, if the first device information was obtained from the device; and
instructions for obtaining status information from the device using the third information, if the second device information was obtained from the device.

7. In a network-based system having a monitoring computer and a device communicatively coupled via a network, the monitoring computer comprising:
means for determining, by the monitoring computer, if the monitoring computer is able to communicate with said device by attempting to access the device using an address obtained from a first digital repository;
means for accessing said device to attempt to obtain first device information indicating that the device was provided by a system-supported vendor using information stored in a second digital repository, if the means for determining determines that the monitoring computer is able to communicate with said device;
means for accessing said device to attempt to obtain second device information indicating that the model of the device is a system-supported model using the information stored in the second digital repository, if the monitoring computer obtained the first device information indicating that the device was provided by a system-supported vendor;
means for obtaining, from the second digital repository, first information necessary to obtain status information for all devices having addresses stored in the first digital repository;
means for obtaining, from the second digital repository, second information necessary to obtain status information for all devices provided by the system- supported vendor of the device, if the first device information was obtained from the device;
means for obtaining, from the second digital repository, third information necessary to obtain status information for devices of the system-supported model of the device, if the second device information was obtained from the device;
means for obtaining status information from the device using the first information;
means for obtaining status information from the device using the second information, if the first device information was obtained from the device; and
means for obtaining status information from the device using the third information, if the second device information was obtained from the device.