June 99

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National Cemetery 

Administration (NCA) 

Facilities Design 

Guide 

Department of Veterans Affairs

National Cemetery Administration

Office of Facilities Management

Facilities Quality Office

202-565-6775
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VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Forward

Foreword

The material contained in the National Cemetery Administration Design Guide is a 

culmination of a partnering effort by the Department of Veterans Affairs National Cemetery 

Administration (NCA) and the Office of Facilities Management (FM). The Goal of the Design 

Guide is to ensure the quality of VA cemeteries while controlling construction and operating 

costs. 

This document is intended to be used as a guide and to replace to current technical 

manuals and other VA criteria in the planning of national cemeteries. The Design Guide is not 

to be used as a standard design, and the use of this Design Guide does not limit the project 

Architects’ and Engineers’ responsibilities to develop a complete and accurate project design 

that best meets the user’s needs and applicable code requirements.

Lloyd H. Siegel, FAIA

Director, Facilities Quality Office (187)

Office of Facilities Management

__________________________________

Robert B. Holbrook

Director, Technical Support Service

National Cemetery Administration

__________________________________
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VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Contents

Contents

Section 1................... Introduction

Acknowledgments

Section 2................... Narrative

Section 3................... Relationship Diagrams and Relationship Matrix

Section 4................... Functional Requirements

Section 5................... Design Criteria
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VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Section 1

Section 1

Introduction, Acknowledgments

Page

Introduction............................................ 1-1 

Acknowledgments.................................. 1-3 
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Introduction

The NCA Design Guide was prepared in cooperation with the National Cemetery 

Administration and the Office of Facilities Management (FM) and is intended to be a 

consolidation of existing Department of Veterans Affairs standards and criteria. It contains data 

from the following sources:

• Master Construction Specification, PG-18-1 

• Construction Standards, H-18-3 

• Standard Details, PG-18-4 

• Equipment Guide List, Program Guide 7610

• Equipment Reference Manual, PG-18-6 

• Space Planning Criteria, Handbook 7610, Chapters 701 and 703

• Barrier Free Design Guide, PG-18-13

• Room Finishes, Door, and Hardware Schedule, PG-18-14

• Various Technical Design Criteria pertaining to Architectural, Cost Estimating, CPM 

Phasing, Electrical, Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning, Interior Design, Plumbing, 

Sanitary, Site, and Structural.

• Consensus information from directors from various VA national cemeteries.

The Design Guide refers to the above mentioned sources when data is either too 

detailed or too broad to be included in this guide.
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The Design Guide for NCA was developed as a design tool to help designers 

understand the functional requirements necessary for proper operation of a national cemetery. 

It's purpose is to answer the question "To what standard does the A/E design?" The Design 

Guide is a part of the project design contracting documents which also includes the "Scope of 

Work", "A/E Submission Instructions" and "Computer-Aided Design and Drafting (CADD) 

Standards Manual."

This Design Guide is not intended to be project specific. While it does contain the 

vast majority of spaces that now are required in development of a cemetery project, it is not 

possible to encompass all possible future requirements. It also describes some space which 

are not required at all cemeteries. Therefore, it is recommended that the project specific-space 

program and scope of work be the starting point for an individual project design. Equipment 

manufacturers should be consulted for actual dimensions and utility requirements. Use of this 

Design Guide does not compromise the projects Architect’ and Engineers’ responsibilities to 

develop a complete and accurate design that meets the user’s needs and appropriate code 

requirements.
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Acknowledgments

Credit is due to the following individuals whose guidance, advice, and effort made this publication 

possible:

 OFFICE OF FACILITIES MANAGEMENT

C. V. Yarbrough Chief Facilities Management Officer

Robert L. Neary, Jr. Deputy Facilities Management Officer

Lloyd H. Siegel, FAIA Director, Facilities Quality Office

Leo A. Phelan, AIA Committee Co-chair; Director, Standards Service

James D. Holtschulte Landscape Architect, Standards Service

Elizabeth Bunn, CIPE Engineering Technician, Standards Service

Sheila C. Jackman Secretary, Standards Service

Nanak S. Manku Architecture

Ferdinand Lisi Mechanical Engineering

Jonh P. Neal Plumbing and Sanitary Engineering

Jeffrey Steplowski Electrical Engineering

Nora L. Gruber Interior Design 

Bob Smoot Estimating

Bob Alexander CPM

 NATIONAL CEMETERY ADMINISTRATION

Roger R. Rapp Director, Office of Field Operations

Robert B. Holbrook Director, Technical Support Service

Michael C Elliott Architectural and Engineering Division Chief

Margaret B. Jensen Architect
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VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Section 2

Section 2

Narrative

 Page

Narrative ............................................ 2-1 
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Narrative

Mission and Background

The mission of the National Cemetery Administration (NCA) is four-fold: to provide burial 

space for veterans and operate and maintain the 114 Department of Veterans Affairs national 

cemeteries as national shrines; to provide headstones and markers for the graves of veterans; 

to provide Presidential Memorial Certificates; and to administer the State Cemetery Grants 

Program assisting states to build or improve state-owned cemeteries for veterans.

President Lincoln, on July 17, 1862, signed legislation which authorized the creation of 14 

national cemeteries, "...for the soldiers who shall die in the service of the country." These 

cemeteries were the beginning of what is known as the National Cemetery Administration. 

From 1862 to 1973, these cemeteries were operated by the Department of the Army. Today, 

the NCA of the Department of Veterans Affairs oversees 114 national cemeteries in the United

States and Puerto Rico.

Many national cemeteries no longer have gravesites available for the burial of casketed 

remains. These cemeteries limit burials to the spouse or eligible children of a family member 

already buried in the cemetery. Most of these cemeteries also perform interments of cremated 

remains in the ground or in columbarium niches.

Operational Aspects

Each national cemetery is managed by VA National Cemetery Administration (NCA) 

personnel in conformance with national and area office policies, priorities, goals, and objectives. 

At most cemeteries there is a staff of administrative and maintenance personnel, under the 

supervision of a cemetery director.

National cemeteries commonly open from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. daily and on Memorial Day

from 8:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. Generally, funeral corteges are received from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 

p.m., Monday through Friday. Burials at national cemeteries do not normally occur on 

weekends or Federal holidays.

Unlike most private cemeteries, many national cemeteries are remotely located from the 

people they serve, requiring funeral corteges to travel long distances to the interment services. 

Away-from-gravesite services, held in a Committal Service Shelter, are scheduled in advance 

by the cemetery administrative staff.

A Public Information Center with Cortege Assembly Area may be situated near the main 

cemetery entrance to provide a central point for vehicles in a funeral procession to wait while 

the entire cortege assembles and representatives receive final instructions before proceeding to 

the Committal Service Shelter. The Public Information Center would normally be occupied by 

cemetery personnel. In the absence of staff, visitors can contact administrative personnel by 
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telephone provided there. Cemetery visitors would obtain gravesite locator information there 

and Public Rest Rooms would be located there.

The sequence beginning at the cemetery entrance should place the entrance to the Public 

Information Center and Rest Rooms adjacent to the Cortege Assembly Area, and at a distance 

from the Committal Service Shelters and Administration/Maintenance Complex, which should 

be centrally located on the site.

Some maintenance tasks may be contracted for and the contractor(s) provided with storage 

space within the Administration/Maintenance Complex.

Functional Organization

The functions of a national cemetery include the operation and maintenance of all aspects 

of the cemetery. National cemetery directors and staff verify eligibility for burial, and then 

schedule the time and date of interment with funeral directors. They attend to burials and 

gravesite care, as well as the overall cemetery appearance, and host patriotic ceremonies on 

Memorial Day, Veterans Day, and other special occasions.. The users of cemetery facilities are 

typically:

 Funeral attendees, including family members, funeral directors, etc.

 Public visitors,

 Cemetery staff, including administrative, maintenance and other visiting VA staff,

 Volunteers, who provide honors at interment services and assist cemetery staff in 

administration and maintenance activities, and

 Contractors (maintenance and construction), sales representatives and vendors.

For design programming purposes, cemetery buildings and site areas can be divided into 

several "functional areas." Tasks, users and specific requirements are identified for each 

functional area.

The cemetery can be divided into several functional areas in three major categories as 

follows: 

 Site Elements /Features,

 Public Information Center, and

 Administration/Maintenance Complex.
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SITE ELEMENTS / FEATURES - Functional Areas

1. Entrance Area

2. Flag / Assembly Area

3. Roadway System

4. Site Furnishings: Signage, Benches,

 Trash Receptacles, etc.

5. Interment Areas:

 Casket Gravesites, including Preplaced Lawn Crypts

 Cremated Remains, including In-ground, and Columbarium

6. Grading, Drainage & Planting

7. Utility Distribution System

8. Irrigation System

 9. Memorial Walkway / Donations Area

10. Committal Service Shelter(s)

PUBLIC INFORMATION CENTER - Functional Areas

1. Telephone Reception/Cortege Control

2. Gravesite Locator

3. Public Rest Rooms

4. Lobby

5. Cortege Assembly Area (Parallel Parking Lanes)

6. Visitor Parking Area (Pull-off)
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ADMINISTRATION/ MAINTENANCE COMPLEX - Functional Areas

1. Lobby

2. Multipurpose Room

3. Director

4. Assistant Director

5. General Office

6. Operations Center

7. Staff / Public Toilet

8. Maintenance Office

9. Lunchroom / Lounge & Vending

10. Honor Guard

11. Boot Vestibule

12. Locker Room, Toilets & Shower

13. Workshop(s)

14. Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance:

Routine Maintenance Bay

Heavy Maintenance Bay

Vehicle Wash Area (Enclosed or Sheltered)

15. Parts and Tools

16. Materials Storage (Grounds Maintenance, etc.)

17. Flammable Storage Pesticide/Herbicide Storage

18.

19.

Pesticide Storage and Pesticide Mixing/Loading

Vehicle & Equipment Storage(Enclosed)

20. Maintenance Yard:

 Vehicle and Equipment Storage (Unsheltered)

 Vehicle and Equipment Storage (Sheltered)

 Pesticide/Herbicide Mixing Area (Sheltered)

 Wash Rack

 Fuel Island (Fuel Storage Tanks & Pumps)

 Headstone Storage

 Grave liner Storage

 Loading Dock

 Sand & Gravel Storage Bins

21. Employee Parking Lot

Site Considerations

Entrance Area

The primary importance of the main entrance to the national cemetery is to create for 

each visitor a sense of arrival at a special place. The Entrance Area to the national 
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cemetery should be an architectural or landscape architectural feature that portrays the 

significance and dignity of a national cemetery without overpowering the visitor. The 

design should incorporate landscaping, such as trees and low maintenance plantings. The 

use of color in plantings should be considered in the design solution. The entrance is 

symbolic of an entrance to a national "shrine" and provides a link to historical or traditional 

national cemetery "entrance gates" without directly imitating their form. The entrance area 

design and use of materials should be consistent with other cemetery structures.

Some method of restricting vehicular access is desirable. Gates, if they are an integral 

part of the design, or a chain, are useful for this purpose. Provide double width entrance, 

divided for traffic control at the "entry gate", if not for the entire length of the entrance road. 

Utilize traffic control as necessary to provide safe entrance from the approach road. 

Provide vertical curbing or other barrier to keep cars from driving over plantings. Changes 

in color, texture, and size of paving material will provide a feeling of transition for visitors 

arriving or departing the cemetery. 

Cemetery identification is a component of the entrance area. The entrance area must 

incorporate the following elements in its design:

 The Department of Veterans Affairs Seal, or insignia, at least two feet in 

diameter;

 The words "(NAME) National Cemetery," in lettering sufficient to be seen 

from the public street (approach road).

The design shall also include unobtrusive lighting of the cemetery name.

Flag/ Assembly Area

Within the confines of the cemetery, the flag is the single most significant feature. The 

United States flag is the focus of considerable symbolism for veterans and their survivors. 

The flagpole and its surrounding area should have its own individual identity, both 

complementary and harmonious with the natural surroundings. Provide trees/ plantings 

that enhance the setting and are appropriate to the site (native, low maintenance). Use 

good quality, durable, and low-maintenance building materials, such as stone, brick, or 

concrete. Avoid locating the flagpole in conjunction with an operational function, such as 

the Administration Building, where the flag becomes an adornment of the building.

There shall be one primary flagpole (aluminum or stainless steel) with internal halyard, 

tall enough to be visible from major adjacent roadways, if practical. Provide ample and 

unobtrusive flag lighting. Do not use in-ground fixtures. The flag is flown every day, 24 
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hours a day, if illuminated after dark. During interment services, the flag is lowered to halfstaff. The flag should remain visible to the maximum extent possible even when lowered to 

half-staff. The flagpole shall meet FAA regulations for height and flight safety 

requirements. Cemetery personnel must be able to access the flagpole to raise and lower 

the flag for services. A shorter flagpole, 4500 mm to 6000 mm (15' to 30'), in another 

location may display the POW/ MIA flag. This is frequently located along the Memorial 

Path.

A turf assembly area, with the U.S. flag as its focus, should be developed for major 

gatherings of people on holidays. Terrain and landscaping should define the space and 

create a scale that is also comfortable for smaller gatherings. The assembly area should 

be located to take advantage of views on- and off-site. Definition of the immediate 

surroundings should establish a distinct open space for assemblies and ceremonies and 

yet be an attractive year-round feature. The space for assembly can serve multiple uses 

and should not consume land area which could be used for interments. The design should 

not include permanent seating.

The assembly area should incorporate a focal point -- an architectural or landscape 

architectural feature, in the spirit of a traditional rostrum -- that can be used as a speakers' 

platform. The feature should accommodate enough portable seating for twenty dignitaries. 

An area adjacent to the speakers' platform should accommodate enough portable seating 

for a forty-piece band. Provide adequate electrical service to meet ceremonial and 

maintenance needs. Electrical J-boxes should be out of sight and blend into their 

surroundings. Provide access to water to clean the assembly area paving. Parking for 

special events and programs is accommodated on roadways and sometimes on the turf in 

undeveloped interment areas.

Roadway System

The hierarchy of roads in the cemetery includes the entrance road as a divided two-lane 

road leading into the system of primary and secondary roads and service drives. The design of 

all the roads should accommodate anticipated traffic volume at a design speed of 24 km/h (15 

mph). The roadway system should allow for funeral corteges to proceed in a forward direction 

from entry to departure. The roadway system should be simple and provide good access to all 

burial sections. Winding roads and sweeping curves enhance the beauty of the cemetery. 

Roadside landscaping that complements the appearance of the cemetery should be provided.

The preferred road design includes curbing. In expansions of existing cemeteries, the road 

design will follow the master plan. Roads designed without curbing will have edge 

reinforcement. Where curbing is used, it must be mountable (rolled, sloped, flush or batteredface) for traffic control, equipment access, and drainage control. Design storm drainage curb 

and gutter inlets to match the profile of the curb and/or curb and gutter. No part of the inlet 

shall be behind the curb. Select the grating for inlets based on drainage capacity, ability to 

screen out harmful debris, ability to pass unobjectionable debris, strength and permanency. 

Use vertical curbing on roads within the cemetery only if necessary for traffic control. Maximum 

road grade is 10 percent. The entrance road, primary, and secondary roads are generally wide 
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enough for two-way traffic to pass a parked vehicle. Preferred minimum road widths and radii 

are outlined in the table that follows in this section. Quality in initial construction and 

construction materials is critical to the cemetery roadway system. All roads should support 

heavy equipment and large trucks loaded with wet dirt, gravel and headstones.

Parking in the cemetery is accommodated in several ways to meet the various needs of 

staff and visitors, as identified in the design criteria for the specific building/ complex. Typically, 

cemetery visitors will parallel park along cemetery roads, or in parallel pull-offs, to visit 

interment areas or cemetery features such as the Flag/Assembly Area, Memorial Walkway, or 

Public Information Center. Traditional parking lots are not provided for cemetery visitors.

Entrance Road

The entrance "boulevard" is a divided road, at least at its intersection with the approach 

road (public road), and preferably for its full length. Each side supports one-way traffic, with a 

passing lane. Entrance roads, if used as the Funeral Cortege Assembly Area, must be long 

enough and wide enough to accommodate waiting funerals without blocking access to the 

cemetery.

Primary Road

For the primary cemetery road, a main loop is desirable, allowing one to drive through the 

cemetery without turning around. Other configurations are possible depending on the specifics 

of the site. The primary road provides access to all other cemetery roads.

Secondary Road(s)

Secondary roads may be subordinate loops, or connector roads. They provide access 

primarily to burial sections.

Service Road(s)

The following two types make up the network of service only roads within the cemetery 

roadway system:

 Service entrance -- The road that provides access from the public road 

(approach road) directly to the cemetery administration/maintenance complex, if possible. 

Traffic consists of maintenance vehicles and delivery trucks.

 Service drives to buildings -- The drives which provide access: (1) to the back of 

the committal service shelters, for removal of remains after the interment service, and (2) to 

wells, pump houses, etc. These driveways have no curbs and may use alternative paved 

surfaces in order to minimize their visual impact on the site. Traffic consists of cemetery 

maintenance vehicles.

Committal Service Shelter Drive

Separate drives should be provided for access and parking for each committal service 

shelter. A small loop drive, adjacent to the shelter, wide enough for parking three vehicles 
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abreast, works well. The entire drive should accommodate an average of thirty vehicles. The 

layout of roads and shelters should allow for a cortege to proceed to the designated shelter 

without passing another funeral cortege on the road. Whenever possible, Committal Shelter 

drives should be accessed without driving by active burial operations.

ROAD TYPE

MINIMUM WIDTH &

MINIMUM RADIUS

Entrance Road: 5.4 m (18'), face to face of curb;

7.2 m (24'), edge to edge, with no curb

15 m (50') minimum radius

Primary Road: 7.2 m (24'), face to face of curb;

7.2 m (24'), edge to edge, with no curb

9 m (30') minimum radius

Secondary Roads: 6 m (20'), face to face of curb;

7.2 m (24'), edge to edge, with no curb

9 m (30') minimum radius

Service Roads:

(1)

Service

 Entrance:

7.2 m (24'), face to face of curb;

7.2 m (24'), edge to edge, with no curb

15 m (50') minimum radius

(2)

Service to

 Buildings:

3 m (10'), edge to edge, no curbs

9 m (30') minimum radius

Committal Service

Shelter Drives:

8.1 m (27'), face to face of curb;

9 m (30'), edge to edge, with no curb;

Narrow to 3.6 m (12') at throat

9 m (30') minimum radius

Cortege Assembly Area

The Cortege Assembly Area is located adjacent to the Public Information center, on or near the 

entrance road. It consists of one or more lanes for vehicles to line up before proceeding to the 

Committal Service Shelter. Access to the Public Information Center with rest rooms from the 

Cortege Assembly Area is imperative. Funeral corteges average thirty vehicles with three (3) 

persons per vehicle.

Site Furnishings

The components of the site furnishings system should coordinate with and complement 

each other, the cemetery architectural design, and the site as a whole. Site furnishings, 

including signage, benches, trash receptacles and flower container/ water receptacles, shall be 

simple, standardized, and properly scaled with the function and character of the site. Design or 

select all components to be low maintenance and vandal resistant. Concentrate placement of 

site furnishings, i.e., benches, trash receptacles, water hydrants, and signage, in high-use 

areas.
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Signage

Signage should be consistent with NCA Program Guide, Signage Standards, for 

national cemeteries, unless there is a compelling reason for a unique design. Design all 

cemetery signs as a coordinated information system for cemetery visitors, using consistent 

locations, shapes, sizes, materials, colors, and graphics. The essential purpose of the 

signage is to communicate information in a legible, clear and easily comprehended 

manner. The following sign types should make up the signage system:

 Trail Blazer

 Site Directory

 Traffic Regulation

 Directional

 Street Identification

 Place Identification

 Floral Regulation/Visitor Information

 Burial Section Markers

 Committal Service Status Board

Benches

Design or select a commercially available bench, to be placed at selected locations to 

take advantage of views or vistas or to establish spots for meditation. Donations by 

veterans service organizations are the primary means for acquiring the benches.

Trash receptacles

The design or selection from commercially available products should coordinate with, 

and complement, the overall design scheme. The minimum quantity possible is desired, 

placed strategically to accommodate the public.

Flower container receptacles

These are storage receptacles that hold the metal flower containers made available for 

public use in the cemetery. The receptacle is either placed adjacent to water hydrants 

along the cemetery road or may be constructed to dispense water from a tank for use by 

cemetery visitors for flowers. The design of the receptacle is similar to a trash receptacle 

and should coordinate with all other site appurtenances. Floral regulations sign panel 

should be attached to this container.
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Flower water-spigots

These are posts that enclose or adjoin the water standpipes provided along the roads 

throughout the cemetery. Water is intended to be used for flowers placed on graves by 

visitors. The post shall: clearly identify the spigot locations, protect the standpipe from 

being hit by maintenance equipment, and incorporate a splash block at its base. If nonpotable water is used, the spigot shall be clearly labeled as such. The post design should 

coordinate with the cemetery signage and all other site appurtenances.

Gravesite locator stand

This is a stand which holds a 215 mm x 275 mm (8-1/2" x 11") book-type listing of 

individuals interred in the cemetery along with the corresponding gravesite number. The 

stand should accommodate public use of the document and protect it from the elements. It 

will normally be located at the Public Information Center. The design should coordinate 

with all other site appurtenances. In the future this grave locator service may be in an 

inter-active computer accessible to the public.

Interment Areas [Burial Sections]

Interment areas are those portions of the cemetery acreage that are developed for burials 

of either full casket or cremated remains. Interment areas may be subdivided into Burial 

Sections of varying sizes and shapes. Burial sections are visually separate areas, broken by 

vegetated areas (woods), roads, walks and topography. Burial sections for full casket 

gravesites shall be no larger than 3 acres. Burial sections for cremated remains shall have no 

more than 999 sites (approximately .2 acre).

In-ground interment areas for casketed or cremated remains shall generally conform to 

existing terrain. Final grades shall range from 2%, the minimum to achieve positive drainage, 

to a maximum of 15%. Avoid casket burials on steep slopes. Avoid extensive grading to 

achieve these criteria where such grading has an adverse impact on adjoining land or where 

such grading substantially alters or destroys natural features. Define interment areas by natural 

terrain features such as ridges, valleys, or natural breaks in the topography.

Edges of burial sections shall be a minimum of 3 m (10 feet) from edges of roads, drives 

and tree lines; a minimum of 6 m (20 feet) from property boundaries or fence lines. The 

maximum distance from the edge of a road to the farthest gravesite within a burial section shall 

be no further than 120 m (400 feet) over relatively level land. In areas with steep slopes, the 

distance from road to farthest gravesite shall be considerably shorter. Generally, for every 

increase of 5% of slope, there should be a decrease of 30 m (100 feet) or more the distance.
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The topography will be the primary factor in determining the direction graves face within a 

burial section. Where the topography is not significant, road layout and accessibility will 

determine the direction graves face. A single burial section should have one predominant 

slope. Each burial section in the cemetery is identified, with the limits of the burial section 

clearly indicated by section markers.

Full Casket Gravesites

The National Cemetery Administration is committed to providing burial benefits to as many 

veterans as possible and to achieving the maximum development of gravesites within national 

cemeteries. The standard gravesite size will be the smallest size practical to accommodate the 

type of marker being used, to ensure appropriate gravesite appearance and to provide for 

safety consideration of employees. Each gravesite is marked with one marker, consistent with 

the requirements of applicable law.

The standard gravesite sizes will be used when conditions warrant:

 The 1500 mm x 3000 mm (5' x 10') gravesite will be used where double-depth 

interments in a 2100 mm (7') excavation are possible.

 The 1800 mm x 3000 mm (6' x 10') gravesite will be used for single depth side-by-side 

interments where excavation below 1500 mm (5') is impractical due to soil conditions.

 The 1200 mm x 2400 mm (4' x 8') gravesite may be used in those sections of national 

cemeteries which by law use flat markers.

 The 900 mm x 2400 mm (3' x 8') gravesite may be used in those sections of national 

cemeteries which use lawn crypts. Lawn crypts are pre-placed concrete containers with 

removable concrete lids which are installed at the time of land development. Crypts are 

installed by excavating the burial area and preparing it to provide adequate drainage. Precast crypts are then placed adjacent to one another and abutting on another.

 

Accommodation of Cremated Remains

As with full casket gravesites, NCA is committed to achieving the maximum development of 

cremain sites within national cemeteries. NCA will strive to provide cremain sites in all 

cemeteries including those closed to the interment of casketed remains. The standard cremain 

site size will be the smallest size practical to accommodate the type of marker being used, to 

ensure that the cremain site appearance is appropriate and consistent with any adjacent 

gravesite section. Each gravesite will be marked with one marker, consistent with the 

requirements of applicable law and NCA policy.

The standard cremain site sizes will be used when conditions warrant:

 Designated Cremains Sections -- A burial site for the interment of cremated remains 

in a separate cremains section is 900 mm x 900 mm x + 600 mm (3' x 3' x + 2') deep, and is 

marked with a 300 mm x 450 mm (12" x 18") flat marker of granite or bronze.
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 Garden Niche or Terrace -- A burial site for the interment of cremated remains in a 

distinct space using a system of paths, walls and/or terraces that creates a tranquil garden 

setting, is 900 mm x 900 mm x + 600 mm (3' x 3' x + 2') deep, and is marked with a 300 mm 

x 450 mm (12" x 18") VA standard flat marker of granite or bronze, or a wall-mounted 

bronze plaque, 140 mm x 215 mm (5-1/2" x 8-1/2").

 Columbarium -- A niche in an above-grade structure designed for the interment of 

cremated remains is 265 mm x 375 mm x 500 mm (10-1/2" x 15" x 20") deep, measured at 

the face. Each niche is designed to accept an individual VA standard niche cover. Some 

columbaria developed earlier in national cemeteries utilized multiple-niche covers and 

various sizes of niches. Expansion of existing columbaria will follow the original design 

concept for that cemetery. The columbarium design must include the capability of 

expansion in future phases of cemetery development but must appear complete with the 

initial phase of development.

 Cremains [Scattering] Garden -- A designated garden-type area where cremated 

remains are scattered in the landscape. A site used for the scattering of cremated remains 

is not individually marked, but the deceased is acknowledged on a communal bronze 

plaque in the garden area or by an individual bronze plaque mounted on a wall designated 

for that purpose. An individual whose ashes are scattered in the national cemetery may not 

have a memorial marker placed in the memorial section of the cemetery.

Memorial Sites and Sections

A memorial section may be located in areas of a cemetery not suitable, because of 

soils, terrain or landscape features, for casketed interments. The size and configuration of the 

memorial section will depend on the terrain, network of roads, walks, etc., the size of the 

individual memorial site, and the demand at a particular cemetery for memorial sites. A 

memorial site is 900 mm x 900 mm (3' x 3'), marked with a 300 mm x 450 mm (12" x 18") flat 

marker of granite or bronze, except that bronze memorial plaques may be mounted on walls 

designated for that purpose, in lieu of placement of a marker in a memorial section. These 

walls may be portions of other features such as retaining walls, terraces, etc. that are 

appropriate for memorial purposes.

Section Markers

Each burial section is marked by one or more section markers bearing either the 

number or letter assigned to that section. Section markers are an element of the signage 

system for the cemetery. Section markers are positioned at the edge of the section, usually 

near a road, drive, or walk, where they are readily visible to the public. Design details of the 

three standard section markers can be found in NCA Program Guide Signage Standards.

Gravesite control markers

Permanent gravesite control monuments, which meet the requirements detailed in NCA 

Handbook, Interment Area Layout, are installed prior to the use of any section (burial, cremains 

or memorial) for interment. The standard grid dimensions are 27 m x 27 m (90' x 90').
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Grading, Drainage, and Planting

Retain the site in as natural a state as possible. Keep grading to a minimum, while 

meeting the functional requirements of the cemetery. To the extent feasible, balance onsite cut and fill. Leave undisturbed such features as natural drainage ways, valuable trees 

or tree groups, shrubs, ground covers, rock out-croppings and streams. Siltation or 

increased turbidity of natural wetland areas should be avoided to comply with applicable 

regulations. The design should use construction practices that minimize adverse effects on 

the natural habitat.

The planting design should articulate and strengthen the site layout. Develop 

interrelated patterns of open, closed, or semi-enclosed spaces to suit the planned function. 

Concentrate planting in non-burial areas, such as trees along streets, buffer planting to 

screen unsightly views, and plantings to separate burial sections. Each plant used should 

serve a purpose and together should contribute to the function and overall design intent of 

the cemetery master plan. In general, the development should use regionally native plants 

and employ landscaping practices and technologies that conserve water and prevent 

pollution.

Prepare interment areas for seeding, sprigging and/or sodding with topsoil and proper 

nutrients. In non-burial areas, consider alternatives to standard turf that are suitable to 

drought conditions. Plant cleared slopes steeper than three to one (3:1) with ground cover 

other than turf. The amount of annual rainfall as well as the type of irrigation system, if 

any, will determine the plant material selected.

The master plan should designate a location for storage of soil spoils from interments. 

The area should not be visible to cemetery visitors. This same area may be used for soil 

processing and storage of graveliners, not too far away from active burial sections.

Memorial Walkway/ Donations Area

Each cemetery should have an area or areas, separate and distinct from interment 

areas for the collective display of memorials donated by various recognized veterans groups. 

The area(s) may take the form of a path or terrace and should provide a place for quiet walks 

and contemplation for cemetery visitors. To the extent possible, an established wooded setting 

provides the best location for the donation area(s) or memorial path. If developed as a 

walkway, it should have the character of a meandering path, should originate in the vicinity of 

the Flag/ Assembly Area, and have one other access point. A memorial walkway should have 

optimal locations designated along the path for donated memorials, plaques, and benches. 

The donations area may be the location of the secondary flagpole for display of the POW/ MIA 

flag.

Donated memorials are typically 450 mm (18") deep x 600 mm (24") wide x 600 mm (24") 

high, granite bases, or natural boulders, and are placed in small cleared areas adjacent to a 
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path. The walkway or donations "area" must appear complete as a feature in its own right, 

even without any donated memorials. As with all cemetery features, the memorial walkway/ 

donations area must be accessible to disabled persons. Although some form of paving is 

necessary to meet accessibility standards, minimize the visual impact of the paved surface, if 

designed as a woodlands path.

Avenue of Flags

The cemetery development plan should indicate the location for an "avenue of flags" where 

donated American burial flags are displayed on special days. The entrance road, or the primary 

road, is typically the most suitable for this designation. The development plan should provide 

for sockets adjacent to the roadway for the erection of temporary flag staffs, approximately 

4500 mm to 9000 mm (15' to 30') high, spaced 6000 mm to 9000 mm (15' to 30') apart.

Veterans Memorial

The cemetery development plan includes the design and siting of a potential major 

memorial donation by a veterans service organization. This memorial to all veterans (for 

example, a statue or wall) would occupy approximately 72 m2 (800 square feet). Select a site in 

a prominent area, perhaps in the general vicinity of the Flag/ Assembly Area or the Memorial 

Walkway/ Donations Area. The location need not be adjacent to a roadway, but pedestrian 

access to the memorial site is required. The cemetery development plan will show a location 

for a memorial, ingress and egress to the site, and the design of the memorial. The cemetery 

development must appear complete even if the potential memorial is never installed.

Carillon Tower Location

The cemetery development plan includes a site designated for a carillon tower, which 

potentially could be donated to the national cemetery. The tower would be approximately 13.5 

m (45 feet) high and 1800 mm x 1800 mm (6' x 6') at the base.

Architectural Considerations

Public Information Center

Siting 

Visibility and accessibility from the main entrance road are necessary. The Public 

Information Center is a visitor orientation facility and should be situated to serve the public prior 

to their involvement with cemetery activities and to effectively dispense information and 

guidance to visitors and funeral attendees. The facility must be located adjacent to the Cortege 

Assembly Area. It should convey an impression of permanence, be integrated with the site, 

and utilize the regional vernacular. The buildings and outdoor spaces should be constructed of 

durable building materials and have finishes that require little maintenance. It should have a 
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residential scale and a non-institutional character, while having a solid and enduring 

appearance.

Space

The Public Information Center is a combination of building and sheltered plaza which serves 

two functions: Visitor/Funeral Orientation, and Public Rest Rooms. The building may be 

occupied by cemetery staff but would have an outside telephone reception area where 

cemetery visitors, funeral directors, etc., could easily contact the administration office to have 

their needs met or questions answered. There would be a small space where appropriate 

veteran and cemetery related historical items are displayed and desk or counter space for one 

or two cemetery staff or volunteers to assist customers. The space must have computer 

network capability with the Administration/ Maintenance Complex. The counter must be able to 

be closed off when the space is not occupied. Public Rest Rooms would be accessible from 

outside. Gravesite locator information would be outside, but sheltered. Future plans include 

installation of a computer-based gravesite locator system for public interaction.

Visitor Parking

Visitors to the Public Information Center will park in an area adjacent to the main 

entrance to the building, distinctly separate from the Cortege Assembly Area. 

Public Rest Rooms

The public rest rooms are part of the Public Information Center. Building materials 

should coordinate with the other cemetery structures and require little maintenance. The 

rest rooms should have durable, easy to maintain interior finishes for heavy public use. 

Provide separate male and female facilities. The capacity of the rest rooms, i.e., how 

many persons are accommodated in a specified time period, is determined on an individual 

project basis. Future expansion of this area is a possibility.

Administration / Maintenance Complex

The Administration/Maintenance Complex houses the offices, work spaces and 

personnel area for cemetery support staff who are involved in direct and indirect services to

veterans, their families, and other cemetery visitors. Visitor contact at the Administration/ 

Maintenance Complex is minimal. When required, the building should have fire detection 

and security systems. It should be constructed of durable building materials and have 

finishes that require little maintenance.

There are basic functional aspects that are common to all national cemetery 

administration/ maintenance facilities. Each national cemetery is a part of a greater whole, 
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and exists to provide the same services to veterans and their families. Regional and 

geographic uniqueness should be recognized in the design of cemetery structures with 

regard to climate, materials, etc.

Flexibility is an important consideration in the design of the Administration/ Maintenance 

Complex. Changing workload can require additional, or reconfigured administrative space. 

Changes in personnel (average stay of cemetery directors is three years) may also 

generate changes in office layout. The design should permit adaptation to changing needs 

at minimal cost, without large scale remodeling. The design and siting of administration 

space should allow for future expansion primarily in the general office area.

Siting

The Administration and Maintenance operations are to be viewed as a complex, and 

situated to encourage interaction between the two. They may be physically attached, or located 

close to each other on the site in a way that facilitates the necessary interaction. Total 

integration of the building with the site is important to keep the building from being a focus or 

feature of the cemetery. Although the administration building is not a place of regular visitor 

contact, maintenance activities that take place at the building must be sheltered from public 

view.

A desirable location for the complex is central to the site. Locate the maintenance 

areas, so that they are not readily visible to the public. Site the complex optimally for functional 

operations, separate from the Public Information Center and Interment Areas. Utilizing the 

terrain and landscape in the design should lessen the visual impact of this facility on the 

cemetery.

Space Planning Criteria

Space planning criteria for National Cemetery administration and maintenance buildings are 

addressed in VA Handbook 7610, Chapters 701 and 703. It provides the net square footage 

recommended to meet the needs of a VA national cemetery building. The scope of work for a 

particular project will contain the building program, based on the cemetery workload staffing 

and the space planning criteria.

Administration Room Relationships

Visitors enter the building through the "front door" and are greeted in the office adjacent to 

the general office. Areas that are open to the public include the director's office, the General 

Office and the Multipurpose Room. A unisex toilet to serve the Administrative staff will also 

serve the infrequent public use. The Operations Center is the hub of the office, containing 

shared office equipment and files. The staff and volunteers enter the administration building 

through the "back door," or employee entrance, adjacent to the employee parking lot. The 

lunchroom should be isolated from public view and can serve as the connector for 

Administration and Maintenance "wings". Refer to Section 3, Room Relationship Diagrams for 

an example of recommended adjacencies.
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Parking

Public parking at the Administration/Maintenance complex should include a parking 

pull-off, parallel to the road to accommodate an average of three (3) cars for cemetery 

visitors.

Employee parking should be in a lot obscured from public view, for cemetery 

employees, official cemetery vehicles, visiting staff, and vendor vehicles. Locate the 

access drive to the parking lot beyond the public entrance to the building and outside the 

secured Maintenance Yard. Provide only pedestrian access from the parking lot to the 

Maintenance Yard. Approximately 3% of employee parking spaces shall be accessible to 

the physically disabled.

The size of the parking lot should accommodate all employees, plus one to three 

cemetery vehicles, one volunteer, one vendor, one visiting staff and seven honor guard 

vehicles. The siting of the parking lot must allow for future expansion

Maintenance

The Administration/Maintenance Complex includes the building that houses the 

personnel areas for the cemetery maintenance staff, the work shops, vehicle and 

equipment maintenance areas, and storage areas, and the Maintenance Yard, which 

contains maintenance activities that occur out-of-doors. Limited space may be made 

available for volunteers engaged in honor guard activities and some equipment parking at 

the cemetery. Portions of the maintenance facility may be compartmentalized for use by 

contractors. Contractor access to this space should not require passing through VA 

controlled space, or vice versa. Both the building and the Yard shall be physically secured. 

The entire complex should have fire detection and security systems.

The building should have durable materials and finishes that require little maintenance. 

The design and siting of the building should allow for future expansion, primarily in the 

personnel and equipment storage areas. The Administration/ Maintenance Complex 

should have a separate secured vehicular access from the public road if possible.

Maintenance Yard

The development of the Maintenance "Yard" should provide for (1) storage and 

movement of equipment, supplies, graveliners, and headstones that are kept outdoors, and (2) 

above-ground fuel tanks and pumps. The size of the yard must accommodate the unloading of 

a delivery from a tractor-trailer truck.
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Committal Service Shelter

Normal operations at the national cemetery provide for away-from-gravesite interment 

services. These services are held in a sheltered area, visually isolated from the administrative, 

maintenance and burial operations. It is desirable to have the "complex" of shelters within close 

proximity to the Administration/ Maintenance facility.

The shelter is considered a facility that serves the family and friends of one veteran at 

any given time and is not intended to be a focal point or strong visual element of the total 

cemetery experience. Each shelter should accommodate approximately (60) funeral attendees 

and one (1) casket per service. Larger numbers of attendees should be accommodated by 

"overflow" paving and adjacent turf areas.

Locate the shelters far enough apart to preserve privacy of an individual service, yet 

close enough to combine service access at the rear of shelters for removal of caskets. The 

design of the shelters should reduce the impact of all operational procedures on the families. 

Site the shelters, utilizing existing terrain, trees and vegetation, to obscure views between 

shelters and the service access.

Design the building so it is relatively simple and consistent in style and materials with the 

Public Information Center and Administration/ Maintenance building(s). The building is a 

covered structure, which is open or partially enclosed on the sides and provides limited shelter 

from wind, rain, and sun. Provide a limited amount of storage at the shelter to hold a broom, a 

shovel, twelve stacking chairs, and two biers.

Provide an area for an honor guard of approximately seven members to stand adjacent 

to the shelter. The shelters should provide an intimate experience for visitors where individual 

thoughts are not distracted by the surroundings. Do not provide heating or air conditioning. 

Determine the feasibility of providing electrical power and plumbing to the shelters. Dedicated 

committal service shelter drives or pull-offs provide parallel parking for interment services.

Engineering Considerations

Administration/Maintenance Complex

Electric Power

Each workstation in the cemetery requires a four-flex power outlet, with 2 of the outlets on a 

dedicated circuit for computer equipment. Normal office equipment will be concentrated in the 

Operations Center and also distributed throughout the General Office.

Telecommunications/ADP
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Each workstation requires two network cables and one voice line terminators in a triplex 

phone jack. The computer system will have a hub in each building and computers will be 

networked.

HVAC

The type and number of HVAC systems shall depend on the configuration and size of the 

cemetery building. Evaluate a gas and/or oil system for all facilities. If gas or oil is not 

available, evaluate a factory fabricated self-contained, direct expansion (DX) cooling unit with 

electric resistance heat or an air-to-air heat pump (for locations with a minimum 

2° C (35° F) winter outdoor temperature. Depending upon the available space and building 

layout, the unit shall be a single piece or a split system configuration. For relatively larger 

facilities, evaluate the use of a hot water heating system (with natural gas and/or No. 2 oil as 

the fuel) and a chilled water cooling system (with air-cooled chillers).

Provide a dedicated heating and ventilating unit for the vehicle maintenance section of the 

maintenance facility to supply at least 8 air changes per hour. A corresponding exhaust system 

shall also be provided for exhausting all air to the outdoors.

Design the smoke control for the HVAC systems in accordance with NFPA 90A to effect 

system shutdown in the event of smoke detention. Smoke detectors shall be mounted in the 

main supply ducts and upon smoke detection shall stop the supply air fan and sound an alarm.

Drainage/Oil/Water Separator

The requirements for drainage/oil/water separator vary greatly from state to state. Systems 

will be designed in accordance with the authorities having jurisdiction.

Fuel Tanks and Pumps

NCA uses above ground fuel storage tanks and dispensing system. A divided tank is 

required, one tank for unleaded and one for diesel fuel, with mounting pad and electrical service 

for the pumps. These are available on Federal Supply Schedule for purchase and installation 

by the contractor.

Loading Dock

A loading dock will be considered on a project by project basis. The preferred solution will 

utilize the natural topography to facilitate off-loading tractor trailers.

Vehicle/Equipment Lift

Requirements for a hydraulic lift must be coordinated for each project to suit the size and 

weights of the equipment. The preferred equipment is a surface mounted 4-post drive-on lift, 

with a rolling jack. Adequate clearances must be provided on all sides of the lift.

Vehicle Wash Area
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Provide floor drains and hose bibbs at the wash rack, as appropriate, so that dirt and mud 

can be washed off vehicles and equipment after use. NCA prefers to use self contained 

washwater recycling systems. These are available on Federal Supply Schedule for purchase 

and installation by the contractor.

Pesticide Storage and Mixing/Loading Area

Design a storage and mixing area in accordance with authorities having jurisdiction (EPA, 

state, etc.). At a minimum, storage areas will have chemical resistant coated surfaces and 

secondary containment area. Also, provide dust and explosion proof lighting, positive 

ventilation, appropriate signage, and an eye wash/emergency shower.

Site Elements/Features

Utility Distribution System

In addition to the Electrical and Telecommunications Service required by the cemetery, ADP 

requirements will include one 56 k digital circuit. the need for conduit or direct burial will be 

determined on a project by project basis. However, spare conduits will be installed between 

buildings to accommodate future, unknown needs.

Route the main distribution systems for utilities immediately adjacent to roadways within 

3000 mm (10') of the curb or pavement edge. Route any utility lines through interment areas 

between sections, in order to avoid obstruction of gravesites within burial sections. Install all 

utility lines, including electric power and communication lines, underground. Exceptions may be 

made depending upon excessive cost or remoteness of source from developed areas of the 

cemetery.

Irrigation System

Irrigation is usually necessary to keep the landscape at an aesthetically pleasing level. 

Although sufficient rainfall may be received to sustain indigenous plants, situations involving 

introduced species or plants in stressful conditions may require irrigation. Evaluate the 

landscape environment, including turf grasses, and determine whether an irrigation system 

should be installed in the cemetery. The report should include a cost analysis of irrigation 

versus non-irrigation, on-site and off-site water supply sources including quality of available 

water, annual rainfall and the quantity of water needed to sustain healthy plants. If an irrigation 

system is recommended, design and specify an efficient irrigation system that is automated, 

easily operated and maintained by cemetery staff. Irrigation lateral lines in burial sections 

should run parallel with the length of the gravesites.
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VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Section 3

Section 3

Relationship Diagrams and Relationship 

Matrix

 

Page

Site Organization Matrix.................................................. 3-1 

Public Information Center Diagram ................................. 3-2 

Administration/Maintenance Complex Diagram............... 3-3 

Committal Service Shelter Diagram ................................ 3-4 
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VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 3-1 

Public Information Center A

Flag/ Assembly Area B A

Interment Areas [Burial Sections] D D C

Memorial Walkway / Donations Area C C B C

Committal Service Shelter(s) D D C D C

Administration/Maintenance Complex D D C C C B Cemetery Entrance Area Flag/ Assembly Area Interment Areas [Burial Sections] Memorial Walkway / Donations Area Committal Service Shelter(s) Public Information Center

LEGEND

A - close proximity essential

B - close proximity desirable

C - no spatial relationship

D - separation desirable

E - separation high priority

Relationship Matrix

Site Organization
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VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 3-2 

Rest Room

 (Women)

Public

(Men)

Rest Room

Public

Cortege Control

Telephone Reception/

Visitor Parking

Cortege Assembly Area

Entrance Boulevard

Visitor Parking

Outdoor

Lobby

 Lobby

Gravesite Locator

Automated

to Main Gate to Primary/

Loop Road

to Primary/

Loop Road

Relationship Diagram

Public Information Center
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VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 3-3 

General

Office

Director Lobby

Operations

Center

Locker Room Toilets & Shower

Boot

Vestibule

Pesticide

Storage

Flammable

Storage

Maintenance Office

Materials Storage

Vehicle & Equipment

Storage (Enclosed)

Workshop(s)

Parts & Tools

Heavy Maintenance

Lunch Room/ Lounge

Multipurpose

Room

Closet Uniform

Unisex Toilet

Staff /Public

Mechanic's Desk/

Parts & Tools Clerk

 Honor Guard

Routine Maintenance

Vehicle Wash Area

(Sheltered or Enclosed)

Maintenance

Yard

Maintenance Yard:

Loading Dock

Sand & Gravel Storage Bins

Headstone Storage

Graveliner Storage

Fuel Tank & Pumps

Vehicle & Equipment Storage

Trash Dumpster

 (Sheltered and Unsheltered)

Primary/ Loop Road

Visitor Parking

Service Road

to Service Entrance

Employee Parking

Pesticide

Mixing/Loading

(Sheltered or

Enclosed)

to Service

Entrance

Relationship Diagram

Administration/Maintenance Complex
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VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 3-4 

Cortege Drive/Parking Area

 Shelter

Overflow

Paving

 Storage

Funeral Party Access

Bier

Seating

Maintenance Access

Service Road

to Maintenance Yard

Return to

Loop Road

Relationship Diagram

Committal Service Shelter 
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VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Section 4

Section 4

Functional Requirements

Administration/Maintenance Complex Page

1.0 Lobby................................................................... 4-1 

2.0 Multipurpose Room.............................................. 4-2 

3.0 Director ................................................................ 4-3 

4.0 Assistant Director................................................. 4-4 

5.0 General Office...................................................... 4-5 

6.0 Operations Center ............................................... 4-6 

7.0 Staff/Public Toilet................................................. 4-8 

8.0 Maintenance Office.............................................. 4-9 

9.0 Lunchroom/Lounge & Vending .......................... 4-10

10.0 Honor Guard...................................................... 4-11

11.0 Boot Vestibule.................................................... 4-12

12.0 Locker Room ..................................................... 4-13

13.0 Workshop(s) ...................................................... 4-14

14.0 Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance

14.1 Routine Maintenance 

(Workbench).......................................... 4-15

14.2 Heavy Maintenance Bay 

(Lift & Workbench)................................. 4-16

14.3 Mechanic's........................ .................... 4-18

14.4 Vehicle Wash Area ................................ 4-19

15.0 Parts & Tools ..................................................... 4-20
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VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Section 4

Section 4

Functional Requirements (cont.)

16.0 Materials Storage.................................................4-22

17.0 Flammable Storage

18.0 Pesticide Storage

18.1 Pesticide Mixing and Loading ..................4-23

19.0 Vehicle & Equipment Storage (Enclosed)............4-25

20.0 Maintenance Yard................................................4-26

Vehicle & Equipment Storage (Sheltered 

and Unsheltered)

Fuel Storage Tanks & Pumps

Headstone Storage

Graveliner Storage

Loading Dock

Sand and Gravel Storage Bins

21.0 Employee Parking Lot..........................................4-27

Public Information Center

1.0 Telephone Reception/Cortege Control ................4-28

2.0 Gravesite Locator ................................................4-29

3.0 Public Rest Rooms ..............................................4-30

4.0 Lobby (Reception Desk & Display Area)..............4-31

5.0 Cortege Assembly Area (Parallel 

Parking Lanes)..............................................................4-32

6.0 Visitor Parking Area (Pull-Off)..............................4-33

Site Elements/Features

Committal Service Shelter(s) ...............................4-34
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VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Section 4

Administration/Maintenance Complex
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VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-1 

1.0 Lobby 

TASKS  Public reception, waiting, and information for 

visitors

USER(S)  Cemetery Visitors

 All Administrative Personnel

RELATED  Multipurpose Room

AREAS  Staff/Visitor Toilet

 General Office

SPECIAL  Lounge seating should not be crossed with major

REQUIREMENTS circulation routes;

 Circulation control for all building functions

 Provides a public image for the cemetery and the 

National Cemetery Administration

 Character of the space should be non-institutional
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2.0 Multipurpose Room

TASKS  No personnel assigned to this area

 Informal public and family 

meetings/receptions/conferences

 Community and veterans organizations meetings

 Reception of dignitaries and guests

 Food and beverages may be served

 Viewing of video tapes and slides

USER(S)  Director with Staff

 Chaplain with Family Groups

 Director with Local Veterans Organizations/Visitors

 Training Sessions

 Funeral Parties/Families of Veterans

 Community and Veterans Groups

RELATED  Lobby

AREAS  Staff/Visitor Toilet

SPECIAL  Writing, tack and projection surface

REQUIREMENTS  Comfortable, must relate an image; noninstitutional

 Informal lounge seating, or combination (if large 

enough) of conference table with seating and 

separate lounge seating

 If windows are provided, light control will be 

necessary for operating video equipment

 Storage for supplies, VCR, television, and 

projection equipment is required - may be provided 

by built-in credenza or storage unit

 Will be used for public functions at night
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3.0 Director 

TASKS  Receives visitors, dignitaries

 Writing, telephoning, personal computer 

keyboarding 

 Conference

 Meeting with one or more employees, or family 

members

USER(S)  Director

 General Public

 Dignitaries

RELATED  General Office

AREAS  Assistant Director, if programmed

 Lobby (visual access)

SPECIAL  Separate, totally enclosed office

REQUIREMENTS  Must relate a positive public image

 Conference seating for four (4) at desk/table

 Lounge seating for four(4) to six (6)

 Shelving and wall surface for display of mementos 

and awards

 Workstation (desk/table and credenza)

Worksurfaces (2)

2 file drawers

2 box drawers

1 pencil drawer

keyboard drawer

Personal computer with monitor, keyboard,

mouse, on network with all cemetery

computers

 Credenza may be used as a worksurface 600 mm 

(24”) deep and may be built-in

 Desk may be a conference table

 Built-in fire-proof safe for ADP back-up tapes, 

checks, etc.
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4.0 Assistant Director

TASKS  Writing, telephoning, personal computer 

keyboarding

 Conference

 Supervises office personnel, assists Director

 Meeting with one or more employees, or family 

members

USER(S)  Assistant Director

 Visitors

RELATED  General Office

AREAS  Director

 Operations Center

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

 Separate office area but not necessarily totally 

enclosed

 Guest seating for two (2) at desk

 Work station

Worksurface

File drawer

Box drawer

Reference shelves/cabinet

Typing return or keyboard drawer

Personal computer with monitor, keyboard,

mouse, on network with all cemetery

computers
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5.0 General Office

TASKS  Greet visitors

 Dispense information

 Typing, writing, filing/reference

USER(S)  Clerk

 Program Assistant

 Cemetery Representative

 Visitors

RELATED  Lobby

AREAS  Interment Records

 Operations Center

 Assistant Director, if programmed

 Director,

SPECIAL  Workstation

REQUIREMENTS File drawer

Box drawers, pencil drawer

Reference shelves/cabinets

Telephone

Personal computer with monitor, keyboard,

and mouse, on network with all cemetery 

computers

 Visitor seating at desk for one; two at cemetery 

representative workstation(s)

 Windows should not interfere with efficient 

workstation planning; exterior light is required, but 

not necessarily below 1500 mm (60”) A.F.F.

 Systems furniture preferred, providing semi-privacy

 Administrative Assistant requires partial audio and 

visual privacy

 Coat closet for above users
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VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-6 

6.0 Operations Center

TASKS  No personnel assigned to this area

 This is the center for filing and reference and 

shared use of office equipment

USER(S)  All Administrative Personnel

 Maintenance Foreman

RELATED  General Office

AREAS  Director

 Assistant Director

 Maintenance Office

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

 Maximum use of volume for storage and work 

surfaces with minimum but efficient circulation

 Most components built-in. Below counter lateral file 

cabinets are included as construction contractorfurnished equipment; interment file drawers are 

government-furnished, but enclosure built-in in the 

building contract; adjustable shelving above

Interment records (drawers for 125 mm x 

200 mm (5” x 8”) cards)

Personnel files

Correspondence files

Computer Network Equipment, if not in 

telephone closet

Supplies (locked storage base cabinets or full 

height closets)

Work surfaces - 600 mm (24") deep, at least 

1200 (48") length to be 750 mm (30") deep for 

drawing reference surface

Paper cutter, hole punches, stapler, etc.

Two-way communications equipment

(microphone, radio base equipment, etc.)

Wall mounted or other flat file system for 750 

mm x 1050 mm (30” x 42”) cemetery maps

Tack board

Facsimile Machine

Computer printer(s)

 Floor to ceiling enclosure may be required to 

contain equipment noise; in any case, walls should 

be not less than 1800 mm (72”) high
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-7 

6.0 Operations Center

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

 Single 120 V (volt) receptacles (plug strips) are 

required above all work counters (Space

receptacles 300 mm (12" on center)

(Continued)  Conduit and outlets required for all ADP and 

telecommunications equipment located here

 Windows, if provided, should be not less than 1800 

mm (72”) A.F.F.

 Task lighting above all work counters

 Storage closet for carillon system control console (if 

not located in Public Information Center telephone 

closet)

 Freestanding copy machine
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-8 

7.0 Staff/ Public Toilet

USER(S)  Staff

 Occasional Visitors to Office

RELATED  General Office

AREAS  Multipurpose Room

SPECIAL  Easy maintenance surfaces

REQUIREMENTS  GFI duplex receptacle at lavatory
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-9 

8.0 Maintenance Office

TASKS  Supervise maintenance personnel and operations

 Meet visitors/vendors

 Meet with one or more maintenance staff

 May issue parts and tools

 Keyboard, write and telephone at workstation

Keep equipment inventory

Keep equipment maintenance records

Prepare supply requests

 File maps and records

 May control fuel pumps remotely if not 

programmed for Maintenance Bay

 May control irrigation remotely

USER(S)  Foremen/Field Supervisors/Team Leaders

 Clerk, if programmed; alternate location in Parts & 

Tools Storage

RELATED  Parts & Tools Storage - visual access

AREAS  Fuel Pumps (Maintenance Yard) - visual access

SPECIAL  Maximum wall storage:

REQUIREMENTS Shelves for catalogues

Tack surface for maps, minimum 750 mm x 

1050 mm (30" x 42")

 Plan file, minimum 750 mm x 1050 mm (30" x 42"), 

with 1050 mm (42") high work counter

 Drafting table, minimum 750 mm x 1050 mm (30" x 

42")

 File cabinet(s) may be under work counter

 Workstation(s):

File drawer(s), Box drawer(s), Pencil drawer,

Typing surface

 Wall mounted (book-type) map rack or flat file

 Secured supply cabinets

 Lateral file cabinets

 Secured key cabinet

 Desk chair

 Side chair

 Drafting stool

 Telephone

 Personal computer with monitor, keyboard and 

mouse; on network with all cemetery computers
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-10

9.0 Lunchroom / Lounge & Vending

TASKS  No personnel assigned to this area

 Cemetery staff meetings

 Viewing of video tapes

 Training sessions

USER(S)  All Administration and Maintenance Staff

RELATED  Boot Vestibule

AREAS  Locker Room, Toilets & Shower

 Outdoor Boot Wash

 This is a support function for all areas of the 

Administration/Maintenance Complex

SPECIAL  Small built-in food preparation center

REQUIREMENTS Sink

Overhead storage cabinets

Base cabinet storage with counter surface

Overhead cabinet-mounted microwave oven

Under cabinet task lighting

 Vending machines, recessed (2 max.) (Optional)

 Drinking fountain (May be located in hallway)

 Maximum natural light: should be bright, relaxing, 

non-institutional atmosphere

 Easy maintenance finishes

 Lunchroom may serve as circulation to Locker 

Room and other areas used by staff

 Space does not necessarily require total enclosure, 

but should not be remote from Lobby and not 

visible to the public

 Four-person tables with individual chairs

 Ice Machine may be located here if not in Parts & 

Tools

 Refrigerator (located in kitchen unit)





Microwave oven(s) (built in to kitchen unit)

Tack surface for employee notices (may be located 

in hallway)
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-11

10.0 Honor Guard

TASKS 



Dressing, waiting

Cleaning firearms

USER(S)  Volunteer Honor Guard

RELATED  Employee Parking

AREAS  Committal Service Shelters

SPECIAL  Natural light not required

REQUIREMENTS  Locker 450 mm wide x 525 mm deep x 1800 mm 

high (18" x 21" x 72" or 36")

 Easy maintenance finishes

 Heated and cooled to standard office occupancy 

requirements

 Lockable cabinet
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-12

11.0 Boot Vestibule

TASKS  Boot and raincoat storage

USER(S)  Maintenance Staff

RELATED  Outdoor Boot Wash

AREAS  Toilets

 Lunchroom/Lounge

SPECIAL  Natural light not required

REQUIREMENTS  Provide hooks for raincoats and shelves for boots

 Easy maintenance finishes

 Heated and cooled to standards office occupancy 

requirements

 Exterior boot cleaning at entry to personnel area:

Flexible hose

Mud scrape

Floor drain
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-13

12.0 Locker Room, Toilets & Shower

TASKS  Storage of clothes, dressing

USER(S)  Maintenance Staff

RELATED  Lunchroom/Lounge

AREAS  Boot Room

SPECIAL  Natural light not required

REQUIREMENTS  Lockers 450 mm wide x 525 mm deep x 1800 mm 

high (18" x 21" x 72")

 Separate locker rooms are provided to 

accommodate male and female maintenance staff. 

As the staffing mix changes, separate facilities may 

not always be required. Therefore, the locker 

rooms should be designed to accommodate this 

change. Both rooms are designed the same 

except for size. A connection between the two 

should be provided to accommodate the changing 

staff needs.

 A common entry “vestibule” for both male and 

female facilities is desirable. The “vestibule” may 

serve as the boot room.

 Easy maintenance finishes

 Floor drains required

 Heated and cooled to standard office occupancy 

requirements

 GFI duplex receptacle at lavatory
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-14

13.0 Workshop(s) 

TASKS  Welding, repair and fabrication of carpentry, 

electrical and plumbing for cemetery operations; 

limited degree of complexity

USER(S)  Building Maintenance Worker

 Carpenter, Plumber, Electrician, if programmed

RELATED  Parts and Tools

AREAS  Maintenance Yard

SPECIAL  2400 mm x 3000 mm (8’ - 10’) wide garage door

REQUIREMENTS  Pedestrian access directly to Maintenance Yard 

and Parts & Tools

 Pipe and lumber storage

 Maximum work space/ counters and storage; 750 

mm (30”) and 600 mm (24”) deep wood work 

counters

 120 V (volt) duplex receptacles (plug strip) along 

work counter 600 mm (24" on center); minimum 

two 240 V (volt) receptacles; 120 V (volt) GFI 

duplex receptacle exterior

 Compressed air outlet @ 862 kPa (125 psi) 

required on interior

 Covered exterior work area when possible

 Space heated to 16°C (60°F), no cooling
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-15

14.0 Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance

14.1 Routine Maintenance Bay 

(Workbench)

TASKS  Minor vehicle and equipment service including oil 

changes, engine tune-ups, tire changes, small 

engine repairs

USER(S)  Automotive Mechanic

 Equipment Operator

RELATED  Parts and Tools

AREAS  Maintenance Yard

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

 Work counter with maximum storage and electrical 

outlets every 900 mm (36")

 120 V (volt) duplex receptacles (plug strip) 600 mm 

(24" on center); minimum two 240 V (volt) 

receptacles

 Air outlet @ 862 kPa (125 psi) and hose bibb 

required on interior; Hose bibb, air outlet and 120 V 

(volt) duplex required on exterior

 Pedestrian access directly to Parts & Tools

 Vehicular access to Maintenance Yard; 3600 mm 

(12’) garage door width, 4200 mm (14‘) height; coil

type roll-up door preferred with electric opener; 

vision lights desirable

 Space heated to 16°C (60°F), no cooling
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-16

14.0 Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance 

14.2 Heavy Maintenance Bay (Lift & 

Workbench)

TASKS  Major vehicle and equipment service including 

tune-up, engine overhauls, standard engine 

maintenance and repairs

USER(S)  Automotive Mechanic

RELATED  Parts & Tools

AREAS  Maintenance Yard

 Flammable Storage

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

 Minimum headroom of 5400 mm (18’) with no 

obstructions

 Work bench with maximum storage and electrical 

outlets every 900 mm (36”)

 120 V (volt) duplex receptacles (plug strip) 600 mm 

(24" on center); minimum one 240 V (volt) 

receptacle

 Air outlet @ 862 kPa (125 psi) and hose bibb 

required on interior; Hose bibb, air outlet, and 120 

V (volt) duplex required on exterior

 Pedestrian access directly to Parts & Tools

 Vehicular access to Maintenance Yard: 3600 mm 

(12’) garage door width, 4200 mm (14‘) height; coil 

type roll-up door preferred with electric opener; 

vision lights desirable

 Where hoist is required, provide beam with 1815 kg 

(4,000 lb.) concentrated load capacity

 Waste oil storage area should be incorporated 

within or adjacent to Maintenance Bay

 Floor drains required which meet EPA standards 

for waste oil disposal, i.e., oil/water separator

 May require desk/workstation here if mechanic also 

controls Parts & Tools per program

 Space heated to 16°C (60°F), no cooling
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-17

14.0 Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance 

14.2 Heavy Maintenance Bay (Lift & 

Workbench)

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

(Continued)

 Where lubrication distribution system is required. it 

shall accommodate:

hydraulic fluid

10 weight oil

30 weight oil

gear oil

grease

 Where vehicle is noted on space requirements, it is 

to be surface mounted 4-post drive -on lift, 9.1 - 

10.9 metric ton (12-16 ton) capacity and rolling jack

 Lubrication distribution system required in 

conjunction with lift
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-18

14.0 Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance

14.3 Mechanic's/Clerk's Desk

TASKS  Maintenance inventory records

 May issue parts and tools

 Type, write, and telephone at workstation

 Prepare supply requests

USER(S) 



Mechanic

Parts and Tools Clerk, if programmed

RELATED  Parts and Tools

AREAS

SPECIAL  Shelves for catalogues and maintenance manuals

REQUIREMENTS 



File cabinet(s)

Workstation(s):

File drawer(s)

Box drawer(s), Pencil drawer(s)

Telephone

Typing surface

Personal computer with monitor, keyboard, 

and mouse, on network with all cemetery

computers

 Heated and cooled to standard office occupancy 

requirements
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-19

14.0 Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance

14.4 Vehicle Wash Area

TASKS 



No personnel assigned to this area

Washing and steam cleaning of vehicles and 

grounds maintenance equipment

USER(S)  Maintenance Staff

RELATED  Vehicle & Equipment storage areas

AREAS  Maintenance Yard

 Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance Bays

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

 Enclosed, sheltered, or open, per program and 

equipment requirements

 Must accommodate backhoe and dump truck

 Space heated to allow for vehicle drying without 

freezing, if totally enclosed

 Must meet EPA standards for waste water 

disposal, i. e., oil/water separator or water recycling 

system 
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-20

15.0 Parts & Tools

TASKS  Clerk or other maintenance staff personnel will 

issue supplies, uniforms, equipment, parts, small 

tools, and insecticides

 Tools and field equipment issued and recorded

 Orders for parts and tools prepared

 Records reports pertaining to parts, tools, 

equipment, supplies, and vehicles prepared

USER(S)  Parts and Tools Clerk, if programmed

 Mechanic, if programmed

 Foreman or Maintenance Team Leader

RELATED  Maintenance Bay

AREAS  Insecticide Storage

 Maintenance Yard

 Flammable Storage

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

 Counter, cage enclosure, secured where staff 

exceeds ten (10). Must have locked cabinet 1500 

mm (60”) wide x 500 mm (20”) deep x 2100 mm 

(84”) height, with adjustable shelves where staff is 

ten (10) or less

 2400 mm - 3000 mm (8’ - 10’) wide garage door for 

loading/unloading trucks

 1800 mm (6') wide double doors may be used 

instead of garage door and pedestrian door

 Pedestrian access directly to Maintenance Yard 

and Maintenance Bay

 Maximum storage utilizing all available volume 

(loft); metal shelving for parts; storage for supplies 

and uniforms supplied by cemetery

 No exterior windows

 Ice machine at or near pedestrian door if not 

programmed for Lunch Room

 Exterior hose bibb and 120 V (volt) GFI duplex 

outlet required

 Space heated to 16°C (60°F), no cooling

 Requires desk with typing return and telephone 

where staff exceeds ten (10)

 Capability must exist for personal computer with 

monitor, keyboard, and mouse, on network with all 

other computers in cemetery

15.0 Parts & Tools
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-21

SPECIAL

REQUIREMENTS

(Continued)

 Mechanic may control Parts & Tools; desk may be 

located in Maintenance Bay rather than in Parts & 

Tools
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-22

16.0 Materials Storage (Grounds Maintenance)

TASKS 



No personnel assigned to this area

Storage of fertilizer, seed, etc.

USER(S)  Maintenance Staff

RELATED  Maintenance Yard

AREAS

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

 2400 mm - 3000 mm (8' - 10') wide garage door for 

loading /unloading trucks

 1800 mm (6') double doors may be used instead of 

garage door
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-23

17.0 Flammable Storage

TASKS  No personnel assigned to this area

USER(S)  Automotive Mechanic

 Maintenance Staff

RELATED  Heavy and Routine Maintenance Bays

AREAS

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

 Designed to meet local building codes for 

flammable storage

 Explosion proof lighting 

 Appropriate signage 

 Secondary containment 

 Positive ventilation

 Dry stack sprinkler head
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-24

18.0 Pesticide Storage:

 18.1 Pesticide Mixing and Loading

TASKS  No personnel assigned to this area

USER(S)  Maintenance Staff

RELATED  Maintenance Yard

AREAS

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

 Designed to meet current EPA regulations for 

chemical storage and containment 

 Designed to meet local building codes and 

pesticide storage regulations

 Fireproof construction

 Positive ventilation, with explosion proof motor(s)

 Impermeable floor surface

 Chemical resistant coated surfaces; sealed 

concrete floors

 Explosion and dust proof lighting

 Key locking doors

 Metal storage shelving

 Secondary containment area to prevent spill 

leakage

 Mix and load area adjacent to storage, under roof 

with containment area

 Eyewash/emergency shower

 SS sink with foot controls and SS drainboard

 Dry stack sprinkler head
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-25

19.0 Vehicle & Equipment Storage (Enclosed)

TASKS  No personnel assigned to this area

USER(S)  Maintenance Staff

RELATED  Maintenance Yard

AREAS

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

 Vehicular access to Maintenance Yard: 3600 mm 

(12') garage door width, 3600 mm (12') height,; coil 

type roll-up door preferred with electric opener; 

vision lights desirable

 Pedestrian access to Maintenance Yard

 Electrical power for engine block heaters (in cold 

climates), two (2) per bay, 120 V (volt) duplex 

outlets

 Compressed air outlets @ 862 kPa (125 psi)
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-26

20.0 Maintenance Yard

TASKS  No personnel assigned to this area

USER(S)  Maintenance Staff

 Delivery Truck Drivers

RELATED  Entire Maintenance Building

AREAS

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

 Loading dock: freestanding platform with ramp for 

forklift access to trucks, per program

 Fuel Tanks and Pumps:

Above ground storage tank with pumps, 3790 L 

(1000 gallon) total capacity, divided per 

program

Compressed air outlet at or near fuel pumps

 Vehicle and Equipment Storage, sheltered or open 

per program

 Headstone Storage, per program

 Tractor trailers must be able to negotiate this area

 Vehicle wash area for steam cleaning, etc. with 

oil/water separator drain to meet current EPA 

regulations or with recycling equipment, per 

program

 Four 3600 mm (12’) wide x 10 800 mm (36') deep x 

1500 mm (5’) high open bins for sand, gravel, etc. 

(Alternate location may be soil spoils area)

 Mixing pad/containment area for chemical 

mixing/loading, if not located within 

Herbicide/Insecticide/Pesticide Storage Area

 Space and access for trash dumpster
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-27

21.0 Employee Parking Lot

TASKS  No personnel assigned to this area

USER(S)  All Administration and Maintenance Staff

 Vendors/ Contractors/ Visitors (not Public)

 Volunteers

RELATED 

AREAS

 Employee Entrance(s) to Administration/ 

Maintenance Complex

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

 3% of spaces must meet ADA accessibility 

requirements
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Section 4

Public Information Center
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-28

1.0 Telephone Reception/Cortege Control

TASKS  No personnel assigned to this area

USER(S)  Funeral Directors

 Funeral Parties

 Cemetery Visitors

RELATED  Cortege Assembly Area

AREAS  Lobby (Reception desk)

 Visitor Parking Pull-off

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

 Telephone with direct connections to 

Administration/Maintenance Complex

 Counter height writing surface at telephone

 Public telephone located in this vicinity
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-29

2.0 Gravesite Locator

TASKS  No personnel assigned to this area

USER(S)  Cemetery Visitors

RELATED  Public Rest Rooms

AREAS  Visitor Parking Pull-off

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

 Capability for future hook-up of interactive 

computer for gravesite locator

 Location of book-type grave locator

 Counter height writing surface

 Public telephone located in this vicinity

 Area sheltered from weather

 Storage shelf for handout maps
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-30

3.0 Public Rest Rooms

TASKS  No personnel assigned to this area

USER(S)  Funeral Parties

 Cemetery Visitors

RELATED 

AREAS





Cortege Assembly Area

Visitor Parking Pull-off

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

 Easy pedestrian access to vehicle pull-off used for 

cortege assembly

 Separate facilities for men and women

 Housekeeping aids closet adjacent to rest rooms

 Duel height drinking fountain in proximity of rest 

rooms

 Durable easily maintained finishes

 Lighting operated by motion detector switches 

(occupancy sensors)

 Floor drains

 Solid surface material counter with integral lavatory 

bowl(s)

 Wall hung toilets

 Ceiling hung toilet partitions preferred

 GFI duplex receptacle at lavatory
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-31

4.0 Lobby (Reception Desk & Display Area)

TASKS  Public reception, waiting, and information for 

visitors and funeral parties

 Receptionist(s) greets visitors, funeral parties

 Dispenses information, handout maps

USER(S)  Cemetery Visitors

 Funeral Parties

 Receptionist (Personnel assigned to this area as 

needed; may be staffed by volunteers)

RELATED  Public Rest Rooms

AREAS  Cortege Assembly Area

 Telephone Reception/Cortege Control

SPECIAL 

REQUIREMENTS

 Provide a public image for the cemetery and the 

National Cemetery Administration

 Character of the space should be non-institutional

 The scale, volume, and all parts must create a 

significant space which invites and welcomes the 

public

 Minimal visitor seating, in small grouping(s) not 

crossed by major circulation routes

 Walls and/or display cases for veteran memorabilia

 Possible display location of Great Seal of the U.S. 

 Receptionist workstation at 750 mm (30") desk 

height with surface for visitor at a 1050 mm (42") 

height; workstation may be free-standing or built-in

 Personal computer with monitor, keyboard, and 

mouse, on network with cemetery computers

 Possible display location of service seals, if not in 

assembly area

 Heated and cooled to standard office occupancy 

requirements
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-32

5.0 Cortege Assembly Area (Parking Pull-off)

TASKS  No personnel assigned to this area

USER(S)  Funeral Parties, Families, and Clergy

RELATED  Public Rest Rooms

AREAS  Telephone Reception/Cortege Control

 Lobby (Reception Desk)

SPECIAL  Location of Committal Service Status Board sign

REQUIREMENTS  Flush curbing and walkway along pull-off at Public 

Information Building

 Separate from Visitor Parking
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-33

6.0 Visitor Parking Area (Pull-off)

TASKS  No personnel assigned to this area

USER(S)  Cemetery Visitors

RELATED  Public Rest Rooms

AREAS  Telephone Reception/Cortege Control

 Lobby (Reception Desk)

 Gravesite Locator

SPECIAL  Parallel pull-off along Entrance Boulevard

REQUIREMENTS  Flush curbing and walkway along pull-off

 Location of Site Directory sign

 Location of Floral Regulation/Visitor Information 

sign
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Section 4

Site Elements/Features
 June 99

 Section 5 revised March 10

VA Design Guide -- National Cemetery Administration Page 4-34

Committal Service Shelter

TASKS  No personnel assigned to this area

 Individual interment services are conducted here

USER(S)  Funeral Parties, Families, and Clergy

 Cemetery Representatives and Maintenance Staff

 Volunteer Honor Guard

RELATED  Active Burial Section(s)

AREAS  Cortege Assembly Area

 Committal Service Parking Pull-off

 Public Rest Rooms

SPECIAL  No mechanical heating or cooling

REQUIREMENTS  Hose bibb on exterior of building

 Lockable closet for storage of equipment:

Folding bier, 600 mm x 600 mm x 1050 mm 

(24” x 24” x 42”)

Portable bier (Casket carrier), 625 mm x 1800 

mm x 625 mm (25” x 72” x 25”)

Stacking chairs (12)

Broom

Built-in shelf for sound system, 120 V (volt) 

duplex receptacle

 Built-in speakers for sound system
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

Section 5 

Design Criteria 

 Page 

5.1 SITE DEVELOPMENT DESIGN 

CRITERIA ................................................. 5-2 

5.2 SANITARY DESIGN CRITERIA ............. 5-21 

5.3 IRRIGATION DESIGN CRITERIA .......... 5-27 

5.4 ARCHITECTURAL AND INTERIOR 

DESIGN CRITERIA ................................ 5-41 

5.5 STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA....... 5-55 

5.6 HVAC DESIGN CRITERIA ..................... 5-58 

5.7 PLUMBING DESIGN CRITERIA ............ 5-75 

5.8 ELECTRICAL DESIGN CRITERIA......... 5-85 

5.9 COST ESTIMATING............................. 5-107 

5.10 CPM PHASING..................................... 5-129 

5.11 GRAPHIC STANDARDS ...................... 5-134 

Page 5-1
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.1 SITE DEVELOPMENT DESIGN CRITERIA 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

TABLE-OF-CONTENTS

 1. CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA 

 2. GENERAL 

 3. BUILDING NUMBER ASSIGNMENTS 

 4. PARKING 

 5. SITE DEVELOPMENT AND LANDSCAPING 

 6. TOPOGRAPHIC/LANDSCAPE, ELECTRICAL, CIVIL/MECHANICAL, 

AND SOIL SURVEY 

 7. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND DOCUMENT CHECKING, AGENCY 

CONSULTING/REVIEW APPROVAL SERVICES 

 8. SITE PREPARATION 

 9. SITE DEVELOPMENT 

10. GRADING DESIGN 

11. LAYOUT DESIGN 

12. DESIGN OF VEHICULAR AND PEDESTRIAN PAVEMENT 

13. ENTRANCES TO BUILDINGS 

14. MAINTENANCE YARD 

15. PARKING FACILITIES 

16. EQUIPMENT PADS 

17. LANDSCAPING DESIGN 

18. EXTERIOR SIGNAGE 

19. SITE IMPROVEMENTS 

20. PRE-PLACED CRYPT FIELDS 

21. APPLICABLE SITE ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPING MASTER 

SPECIFICATIONS INDEX

Site Development Criteria Page 5-2
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.1 SITE DEVELOPMENT DESIGN CRITERIA 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

1. CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA: 

 1.1 Refer to ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA - DRAWINGS (ATTACHMENT) for 

general requirements and classification of drawings ("L-Series"). 

 1.2 A licensed Landscape Architect or Civil Engineer shall develop the site drawings. A 

Landscape Architect shall develop the landscape planting plans. 

 1.3. Consolidate notes as much as possible and place them on the right-hand side of the 

sheet. 

 1.4 Show scale, compass point, orientation, key plan, title, column grids and numbers, 

room numbers and titles corresponding to the architectural drawings. 

 1.5 Show room titles and numbers on each plan. If this information is not shown it could 

result in rejection of the submission. 

1.6 Provide drawings generated in either AutoCAD© or Microstation©. 

2. GENERAL:

 2.1 This Criteria; and the current edition of VA Handbooks, Program Guides, Master 

Specifications; and the Statement of Task for the project is presented as general 

guidance for the site engineering and landscaping. 

 2.2 Each area of the country has localized construction, design criteria, and materials. 

VA standard details are presented for guidance. The intent is not to restrict the 

designer's overall freedom of design. Consult with regional MSN office regarding 

unique local requirements. 

 2.3 The following sources, including government organizations, trade association 

manuals, suppliers, industrial standards, and handbooks were utilized for obtaining 

site criteria: 

 A. American Association of Nurserymen (AAN) 

 B. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 

(AASHTO) 

 C. American Institute of Architects (AIA) 

 D. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 

 E. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) 

 F. American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA) 

 G. American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) 

 H. American Standards Association (ASA) 

 I. American Standards for Nursery Stock (ASNS) 

 J. American Trucking Association (ATA) 

 K. Brick Institute of American (BIA) 

 L. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 M. Federal Highway Administration, Department of Transportation (FHWA) 

 N. Highway Research Board (HRB) 

 O. National Concrete Masonry Association (NCMA) 

 P. National Crushed Stone Association (NCSA) 

 Q. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 

 R. Portland Cement Association (PCA) 

 S. The Asphalt Institute (TAI) 

 T. Civil Engineering Handbooks 

 U. County Agriculture Extension Agent, Soil Conservation Service, Storm Water 

Control and other local services 

 V. Data Book for Civil Engineers 

 W. Site Engineering and Landscape Architectural Program Guides 

 X. State Highway Department Standards and Specifications 

 Y. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service 

 Z. Architectural Barriers Act Accessibility Guidelines (ABAAG) 

3. BUILDING NUMBER ASSIGNMENTS: The National Cemetery Administration Office of 

Construction Management will assign building numbers and street names during the review 

meetings. 

4. PARKING: VA will furnish the quantity of parking spaces necessary for visitors, cortege 

assembly, and employees.

5. SITE DEVELOPMENT AND LANDSCAPING: During the Master Plan or Schematic Design 

phase, the A/E and VA team members will collaborate in solving any problems for the 

grading, drainage, paving and landscaping before the subsequent design phase. 

6. TOPOGRAPHIC/LANDSCAPE, ELECTRICAL, CIVIL/MECHANICAL, AND SOIL 

SURVEY: 

Check against section 02 21 00 site surveys, project-specific statement of work and 

supplement B-NCA 41F1 specifications for site survey for conflicts.

 6.1 General: 

 A. These surveys are the basis for making site design decisions. Obtain these 

surveys and determine the survey limits that will include a sufficient area to 

cover the complete project. Refer all vertical elevations to permanent bench 

marks based on actual geodetic datum (not assumed datum). 

 Produce the Topographic/Landscape, Electrical, and Civil/Mechanical 

Surveys on mylar sheets using VA standard size sheet as specified in 

Section 5.11 Graphic Standards. CERTIFY on drawings that all information 

was obtained or verified by actual field investigation. Provide surveys at an 

engineering scale not less that 1:400 (1" = 30'). 

 B. Master Plan, Design Development, and Construction Documents shall be 

based on these surveys. Prepare the Design Development phase and 

ensuing design drawings at the same engineering scale as the surveys. 

Show detail layouts at a scale sufficient to indicate the required work. 

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 C. Resubmit the survey documents at each design phase review and include 

them with the bidding documents 

 6.2 On the Topographic/Landscape Survey, include features affecting site development, 

such as: 

 A. Contours at a maximum interval of 500 mm (1 feet), 

 B. Location and elevation of all roads, walks, underground and over head 

utilities, existing buildings and structures, all property lines, building line 

set-backs, leases, or easements, trees, and 

 C. Identification of landscape material by size and species. 

 6.3 On the Electrical Survey, include the locations of all underground, overhead, and 

surface electrical utilities and structures. Show size, depth, and top elevation of all 

electrical structures, based on actual site investigation. For electric utility lines, 

indicate type of service (primary or secondary), number of ducts, voltage, phase and 

other electrical data. 

 6.4 On the Civil/Mechanical Survey, include the locations of all underground and surface 

civil and mechanical utilities and structures. Show size, depth, invert and top 

elevation of all utility structures, based on actual site investigation. Indicate direction 

of flow and size of pipe for all sewers, drains, and connecting lines between 

manholes. 

 6.5 Include a Soil Survey as part of the Structural requirements for subsurface 

investigation in the A/E Submission Instructions, PG-18-15D (Schematics 2). 

Analyze the soil fertility, organic content, and pH measurement. Reference 

AASHTO-T-86, and local District Office of the U.S. Soil Conservation Service 

Standards for procedures in obtaining the above information. Utilize results from the 

study in making design decision that include: 

 A. Earthwork handling techniques such as benching, compaction, and erosion 

control. 

 B. Selection of pavement type and cross section. 

 C. Selection of soil amendments for growing turf. 

 D. Selection of landscape materials. 

6.6 Perform a subsurface investigation is to determine the suitability of the proposed project 

area for developing new burial sections, columbaria complexes or building sites for the 

Department of Veterans Affairs. 

A. All borings shall be carried to a depth of 8 ft. or refusal. If refusal occurs at a 

depth of less than 8 ft, core rock with a diamond core drill for a minimum 1500 

mm (5 ft.). 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

B. Conduct “Standard Penetration Tests” and obtain samples at each change in 

stratum with a maximum interval of 1500 mm (5 ft.). The Standard Penetration 

Test shall be performed in accordance with ASTM-D1586. 

C. Laboratory examination/verification and testing shall be made of the 

representative portions of the samples to establish moisture content, density, 

Atterberg limits, grain size and distribution, and unconfined compressive strength 

as applicable to the soil type encountered. 

D. Chemical analysis shall be performed to determine if site conditions exist which 

might be detrimental to buried concrete, steel, cast iron, or ductile iron, such as 

the presence of sulfates or carbon dioxide. 

E. Soil Report: The results of the subsurface investigation and related testing, 

together with interpretations, discussions, and foundation recommendations shall 

be presented in the form of a detailed soil report. 

7. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND DOCUMENT CHECKING, AGENCY 

CONSULTING/REVIEW/APPROVAL SERVICES:

 7.1 General: Provide environmental coordination between the A/E, NCA and the VA 

Contracting Officer. – See VA Environmental Compliance Manual.

 7.2 Research Federal, State, and municipal laws, regulations, and permits concerning 

design and construction controls for environmental protection of aesthetics, air, water 

and land. (See NCA Master Specification, Environmental Protection). VA, as owner, 

will sign permits and pay necessary fees appropriate to the owner. Investigate the 

following regulatory categories: 

 A. Storm water permits; e.g. NPDES. 

 B. Pollution control and solid waste disposal. 

 C. Erosion control and protection of land resources. 

 D. Protection of landscape. 

 E. Protection of water resources, wetlands, and areas preserved for wildlife. 

 7.3 Prepare any required written reports, forms, and graphics. 

 7.4 Submit permit forms on behalf of the government. 

 7.5 Represent the government at agency and community meetings. 

 7.6 Ensure that the drawings and specifications include necessary information to 

mitigate any adverse environmental impacts. Ensure that: 

 A. Surface water, during and after construction, will not adversely impact the site 

or areas down stream from the site; 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 B. Grading, seeding, erosion control measures, and storm sewers are used to 

avoid the above; 

 C. Air and noise pollution is minimized; 

 D. Destruction of land resources is minimized; and 

 E. Interference with the normal function of the VA cemetery and the surrounding 

community during construction is minimized. 

 F. See section 01 57 19 Temporary Environmental Controls. 

8. SITE PREPARATION:

 8.1 General: The level of detail for site and landscape elements to be demolished shall 

be consistent with the degree of completeness of the drawings being submitted. 

Schematic design phase demolition shall indicate those major elements that will 

affect the project cost estimate. After the required site surveys are procured, the 

elements will be shown in detail on the site preparation plan. These drawings shall 

be a screened background image of the survey. 

 8.2 Provide site preparation design showing the following: 

 A. Area of construction, and surface objects to be cleared, grubbed, and 

removed, topsoil stripping, trees, shrubs, stumps, fencing, foundations, 

incidental structures, and other protruding obstructions planned for demolition 

and removal. 

 B. Site and landscape surface elements to remain and be preserved from injury 

or defacement. Include mechanical and electrical elements. These are 

shown on their respective discipline classified drawings. 

 C. Refinement of the Final Schematic environmental consideration components 

referenced in Article 7. and Article 9. 

 D. Construction phasing including: 

 1) Contractor's access and staging area; 

 2) Construction sign location (see VA Architectural Standard Detail 

Number SD010000-01, PG-18-4); 

 3) Provisions for a temporary construction fence enclosing the 

construction site and contractor's staging area (see NCA Master 

Specifications, General Requirements); 

 4) Construction limits and construction access; 

 5) Stockpiles for stripped topsoil, earthwork, borrow and waste; 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 6) Temporary phasing solutions to maintain existing cemetery operations 

and avoid unnecessary construction conflicts (see VA Program Guide 

PG-18-15, Vol. D Critical Path Method (CPM) Phasing Requirements). 

9. SITE DEVELOPMENT: The design for a VA National cemetery shall conform to the 

following site planning criteria: 

 9.1 When locating the proposed interment areas, buildings, and roads consider 

topography, adjacent facilities, environmental impacts, and future development to 

produce a design that is functional and aesthetically successful. 

 9.2 Consider impacts on existing natural and man-made storm water drainage patterns 

and systems. VA is committed to the control of stormwater by the Federal Water 

Pollution Control Act, the Federal Flood Disaster Protection Act and other 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations that are implemented by 

Federal, State, and municipal jurisdictions (see Article 7, and the NCA Sanitary 

Design Criteria). 

 9.3 Insure that construction causes minimal interference with the normal functioning of 

VA cemetery and surrounding community (see Program Guide PG-18-15, Vol. D, 

Critical Path Method (CPM) Phasing). 

 9.4 Provide necessary data and coordinate VA compliance with FAA Regulations for 

obstructions to air navigation and other navigable air space regulations (see Advisory 

Circulars 70/7460-1H, Obstruction Marking and Lighting, 70/7460-2I, and Proposed 

Construction or Alteration of Objects That May Affect Navigable Airspace. Federal 

Aviation Administration (FAA) Advisory Circulars are available free of charge, in 

writing or by Internet, from: 

U.S. Department of Transportation 

 DOT Publication Section 

 400 7th Street, SW 

 Washington, DC 20590 

http://isddc.dot.gov/

10. GRADING DESIGN:

 10.1 Final Master Plan or Schematics. Include earthwork cut and fill, surface drainage 

design, pavement grading, and other spot elevations at critical design areas. 

Coordinate surface grades with architectural, structural, and mechanical design to 

provide proper surface drainage. Storm sewer criteria is specified in the Sanitary 

Design Criteria. 

 10.2 Consult soil classification data in the subsurface investigation (geotechnical report), 

required by the Structural requirements for subsurface investigation in the A/E 

Submission Instructions, PG-18-15, Schematics 2. 

 10.3 Contours shall show grading of the entire project site. Utilize spot elevations at 

buildings, critical areas, and other site features for grading control. 

 10.4 Show any temporary (construction period) or permanent erosion control. 

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 10.5 Include on the grading drawings: 

 A. Bench Mark location; 

 B. Spot elevations at structure corners, entrances, all first floor elevations of new 

buildings and, if appropriate, of existing buildings. 

 C. Spot elevations of all walks and paved surfaces, corners in parking lots, high 

and low points, top and bottom of walls, steps, curbs, and other areas of 

grade change. 

 D. Accessible routes used by people with disabilities. 

 E. Flow lines/center lines of drainage ways with slope gradient. 

 F. Intake elevations of the storm drainage system. Show all utility storm 

sewerage new work on "W" Drawings. 

 G. Grading limits. 

 H. The quantity of rock excavation, if required, for the site grading. 

 I. Non-utility shoring required by major site excavation. 

 J. Profiles of roads, including: 

 1) All changes in grade connected by parabolic vertical curves of such 

lengths as to provide safe sight distance. Minimize vertical curves 

between relatively flat grades to ensure proper drainage. Avoid sharp 

horizontal curves at the apex of peak vertical curves. 

 2) Vertical curve data consisting of: 

 a. Total length of curve (L); 

 b. Stationing at the point of vertical curve (PVC), point of vertical 

tangents intersection (PVI), point of vertical tangent (PVT), low 

point (LP), and high point (HP) of the curve; 

 c. Curve elevations for all stations in b above; 

 d. Tangent gradients; and 

 e. Vertical curve number for identification. 

 10.6 Grading guidelines: 

Condition Maximum Slope Minimum Slope Preferred

Crypts 3% (33.3:1) 2% (50:1) 2-3% 

Lawns (Interment Areas) 15% (6.7:1) 2% (50:1) 2- 10% 

Mowed slopes 25% (4:1)(A) 2% (50:1) 

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Condition Maximum Slope Minimum Slope Preferred

Road crown 3% (33.3:1) 2% (50:1) 2% 

*Roads, longitudinal 10% (10:1) 1% (100:1) 1-10% (C) 

Walks, longitudinal 5% (20:1) 1% (100:1) 1-5% (C) 

Parking, longitudinal 5% (20:1) 1% (100:1) 1-3% (C) 

 A. 25% is the maximum slope for mowing machinery. 

 B. Slopes over 5% should have temporary and permanent erosion protection. 

 C. Accessible routes used by people with disabilities shall conform to (ABAAG) 

Architectural Barriers Act Accessibility Guidelines. 

 *Payload is drastically reduced on heavy trucks sustaining grades over 3%. 

Ideal maximum sustained grade for safe operation of trucks and automobiles 

is 6%. On roads subject to frequent icing and winter conditions, the maximum 

sustained grade is 5%. 

11. LAYOUT DESIGN:

 11.1 General: Provide complete dimensioned layouts for vehicular and pedestrian 

pavement, interment areas, structures, and other components of the site and 

landscape design. Establish control for the layout by a base control line with 

dimensions from this line. Larger projects require coordinates on a grid system. 

 11.2 Include on the layout drawings: 

 A. Beginning point (P.O.B.) 

 B. Dimension, angles, coordinates, and curve data for: 

 1) Roads, interment areas, walks, ramps, walls, fences, landscape 

components and accessories, curb ramps, lawn mower crossings, 

corners of buildings, entrances and other critical elements. 

 2) Storm drainage inlets, detention ponds, open drainage systems, and 

other surface storm water management components. 

 3) Service areas. 

 4) Parking areas, parking striping and other pavement marking. 

 5) Existing buildings and other structures to remain within the project 

area. 

 6) Exterior signage system. 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 7) Site furniture. 

 C. Road alignment including: 

 1) Horizontal curve data: 

 a. Included angle (I); 

 b. Radius (R); 

 c. Tangent distance (T); 

 d. Length of curve (L); 

 e. Station points for PC and PT; 

 f. Bearings for tangent lines; 

 g. Length and bearing of chord (C); and 

 h. Horizontal curve number for identification. 

 2) Road centerline with stations and station references for locating main 

building entrances, service drives, drainage inlets and other site 

features. 

 D. Where applicable, provide horizontal and vertical curve data for extensive 

walk layouts. 

12. DESIGN OF VEHICULAR AND PEDESTRIAN PAVEMENT:

 12.1 General: Design the pavement to reflect topography, soils, climate, local materials, 

function, and other requirements and specific situations. Provide details to construct 

all pavement elements. Consider local materials and design details. 

 12.2 Public Road Intersections: Intersection design of VA roads with public roads must 

receive joint approval of VA Office of Construction Facilities Management, the NCA 

and the local municipal authorities. 

 12.3 Pavement Construction: 

 A. Design pavement sections of all roads, service areas, fire apparatus vehicle 

accessibility areas, and parking areas for the maximum anticipated traffic 

loads and existing soil conditions. 

 B. Design reinforced concrete service aprons at the service/maintenance 

complex. 

 C. Where required, provide a concrete paving joint pattern plan and details. 

 D. Provide recommendations for materials to construct roads and maintenance 

areas. Use permeable pavements where possible, dependant on soil 

conditions and climatic conditions to assist in storm water control to meet 

EPA NPDES requirements. 

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 12.4 Provide recommendations for use of integral concrete curb and gutters along 

roadways. 

 A. Curbing: All curbing must be mountable (slope faced or rolled) except where 

vertical curb is required for vehicular control. 

 B. Curb Radii: The radii of curbs at road intersections should be consistent with 

the requirements given on Section 12.7 through 12.11 of this section. 

 C. Curb Cuts: Provide curb ramps to accommodate people with disabilities as 

well as lawn mowers. 

 12.5 Pavement Marking: Provide locations and details of pavement stripping for 

employee parking and accessible walkways. 

 12.6 Pedestrian Pavement Construction: 

 A. Design walkways to provide clearly defined, unobstructed, routes to site 

features, interconnecting site and building entryways, curb ramps, and 

parking areas. Design in accordance with Architectural Barriers Act 

Accessibility Gudelines (ABAAG). 

 B. New pavement material should be compatible with and complement the 

existing installations. 

 C. Pedestrian wearing course material may be rigid unit pavers (bricks, stone 

set's, concrete units, large paving slabs, etc.)and appropriate to the locale. 

To facilitate use by people with disabilities, design a rigid base of concrete or 

asphaltic concrete beneath pavers. 

 

12.7 Road Width and Road Minimum Radius 

A. Entrance Road: (Divide Road, One Way In, One Way Out) 

 5.4 meters (18 feet), face to face of curb; 

7.2 meters (24 feet), edge to edge, with no curb 

15 meters (50 feet) minimum radius 

B. Primary Road: (Two-Way) 

 7.2 meters (24 feet), face to face of curb; 

7.2 meters (24 feet), edge to edge, with no curb 

9 meters (30 feet) minimum radius 

C. Secondary Roads: (Two-Way) 

 6 meters (20 feet), face to face of curb; 

7.2 meters (24 feet), edge to edge, with no curb 

9 meters (30 feet) minimum radius 

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D. Service Roads: (Two-Way) 

1. Service Entrance: 

7.2 meters (24 feet), face to face of curb; 

7.2 meters (24 feet), edge to edge, with no curb 

15 meters (50 feet) minimum radius 

2. Service to Buildings: 

3 meters (10 feet), edge to edge, no curbs 

9 meters (30 feet) minimum radius 

 E. Committal Service Shelter Drives: (One-Way) 

8.1 meters (27 feet), face to face of curb; 

9 meters (30 feet), edge to edge, with no curb; 

Narrow to 3.6 meters (12 feet) at throat 

9 meters (30 feet) minimum radius 

 F. Maximum Design Speed is 24 KPH (15 MPH) 

13. ENTRANCES TO BUILDING: Analyze special requirements for entrances to buildings, 

especially accessibility compliance with ABAAG. Walks should be at least 1500 mm (60 

inches), except 2400 mm (96 inches) minimum when abutting parallel parking pull-offs 

occur. Design walk slopes not to exceed 5%. 

14. MAINTENANCE YARD: Design adequate space for truck maneuverability and parking of 

facility equipment, including trash dumpsters. NCA will provide information on volume of 

truck activity and projection of future activity. 

15. PARKING FACILITIES: 

 15.1 National Cemetery Administration will provide information on number of required 

spaces. 

 15.2 Acceptable dimensions for parking areas follows for employee/visitor lots: 

 A. Minimum Bay Width 18 m (60'-0") 

 B. Minimum Stall Width 2700 mm (9'-0") 

 15.3 Public parking in national cemeteries is primarily on-street parallel parking. 

Visitor/staff parking lots may be provided with head in stalls. 

 15.4 Design parking facilities to accommodate people with disabilities. 

16. EQUIPMENT PADS: Locate transformers and generators in accordance with VA 

requirements. 

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17. LANDSCAPING DESIGN:

 17.1 General: Integrate the landscape planting design with the overall design of the site. 

The landscape planting shall compliment and enhance the architecture and site 

features, facilitate vehicular and pedestrian access, create open areas and 

vegetative screens, and ensure easy maintenance. 

 17.2 Enhance established design and historical character of existing buildings and 

landscapes. The design should be an outgrowth of site function and building 

massing. Site, building, and landscape should reflect an integrated concept. 

 17.3 Provide open lawn spaces (interment areas) framed by groups of upper and mid 

story canopys. trees. 

 17.4 Limit the use of shrubs to buildings, screening, and control of pedestrian traffic. 

 17.5 Select plants that are indigenous to the area, require little maintenance, and are both 

disease and insect resistant. 

 17.6 Do not select plants that are poisonous, irritating, thorny or that drop fruit or sap. 

Locate plants so they do not interfere with driver or pedestrian visibility, circulation, 

and safety. 

 17.7 Plant bed outlines curvature shall have minimum radii of 3m (10 feet). 

 17.8 Utilize ground cover on slopes steeper than 3:1, i.e. 3m horizontally to 1m vertically 

(3 feet to 1 foot). 

 17.9 Include on landscape drawings: 

 A. A planting plan showing the location of all the landscape elements. 

 B. All plant material with the spread they will attain at maturity. 

 C. Outline of shrub planting beds. 

 D. Existing plants to be removed, transplanted, or to remain. 

 E. Lawn limits. 

 F. A complete plant list giving key number, botanical name, common name, 

condition, size, quantity, and special characteristics required. 

 G. Plant materials that conform to the standardized system of the American 

Association of Nurserymen, Inc., current American Standards for Nursery 

Stock, ANSI Z60.1. The plant materials must be indigenous to the locale and 

be available locally or in areas of the nation with similar climatic conditions. 

 H. Areas to be irrigated and the quantity of water in inches per week. Refer to 

section 5.3 of this Criteria, Irrigation Design. 

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 I. Details for all the landscape elements. 

18. EXTERIOR SIGNAGE: Indicate the location of the exterior signage on the contract 

drawings. VA will furnish exterior signage components, based on NCA Signage Standards. 

The NCA specifies emblems, not seals, to be provided and installed by the Contractor. The 

authorized vendors have the emblem details and the mounting requirements for all the 

available sizes manufactured by Matthews Bronze. 

These should be 18 inch Diameter Bronze Emblems representing each of the 5 services, 

(do not use Service Seals which require written authority from each service to have the 

actual service seal posted). The emblems should mount 5’-5“ to center AFF, left to right - 

ARMY, MARINES, NAVY, AIR FORCE, COAST GUARD; typically these are located in the 

assembly area. The VA Seal (typically 24” diameter) is incorporated in the cemetery 

entrance area/gate. 

19. SITE IMPROVEMENTS 

19.1 FLAGPOLES 

Typically two flag poles are used in National Cemeteries: 

1 United States Flag – height is project specific, typ. 60-80’. 

1 POW/MIA Flag – height is project specific, 15-30’. 

The structural engineer shall design the footings for the flag pole, taking into account 

the site’s wind load zone, pole height and flag size. 

19.2 FLAG SLEEVES 

Flag sleeves are those to be used, in the Avenue of Flags, for periodic placement 

and display of Donated Burial Flags, on poles 15’-30’ high; these are placed along 

the entry route into a National Veterans Cemetery. 

Flag sleeves are typically for flags that are affixed to the flagpoles, are not raised and 

lowered, and are not removed or lit at night for the short term duration they are 

displayed. Flag sleeves shall be designed and installed to handle the flag poles to 

be used for the specific site. For existing facilities the flag sleeves shall match the 

existing, unless specific direction is received from the Cemetery operations staff 

indicating desired modifications due to operational issues with the existing design. 

19.3 COLUMBARIUM DESIGN 

Establish the elevations for each of the columbarium structures that are to be built. 

Key elevations are: bottom of footings, top of foundation, shelf elevations, pier 

elevations, top of precast units. 

If there are steps within a specific columbarium structure, insure the elevations are 

checked and drawings are properly annotated with elevations. 

Coordinate the placement of reinforcing to be installed in the units with the Structural 

Engineer. Consider creating a plan drawing showing all of the reinforcing steel 

throughout the work, especially in the piers when they aren't all the same. 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

Coordinate with the Geotechnical Engineer as to who MUST provide 

recommendations for the base material beneath the columbarium footings, especially 

when there is less than ideal soil existing on the site. The Structural Designer for the 

columbarium footing/foundations needs to work closely with the Geotechnical 

Engineer; the structural design needs to take into consideration whether there will be 

any differential movement of the columbarium walls and if so, are control joints (for 

controlled cracking) required. This will impact the rest of the design as to whether 

control joints continue through the upper portions of the structure or not. 

The installation of decorative gravel strips (for flower vases) along the columbarium 

walls is a source for water entering the ground; this could provide a pathway for 

water to be conducted below the footing. Moisture in the footing zone could result in 

swelling of expansive soils and foundation instability. Coordinate the design of 

gravel strips, and control the associated impacts of water entering into them. Insure 

that if pipes are installed in the gravel strips that they are connected to a drainage 

system. In order to minimize the impact of water in the gravel strips; separate the 

soil below by the installation of an impermeable geotextile fabric below the stone 

directing water to the footing drains. 

Detail the juncture of piers and wall units; consider the appearance of adjoining 

materials, in close viewing distances, rather than from far away. This detailing is 

what makes the final project, if the Contractor's are left with too much latitude; the 

designer gets a final product that does not appear as originally designed. This is 

especially important when the design incorporates irregular stone work up against 

straight precast concrete units. Make sure to detail the joints for stone where it 

comes against concrete as a large mortared joint, a caulked joint results in a poor 

appearance for the final product. 

Consider creating three dimensional views of the units, especially when the units are 

interconnected with numbering shown to insure that the relationships make visually 

make sense in Working Drawings. Sometime during the design process, insure that 

the construction tolerances of the columbarium assembly can be constructed as 

indicated. 

20. PRE-PLACED CRYPT FIELDS: 

 20.1 General: Pre-placed crypt fields are based upon typical burial plot sizes of 3’ x 8’, or 

when space is a premium, a reduced plot size of 3’ x 7’-8” or 3’ x 7’-7 1⁄2” are the 

alternative plot layout sizes. Confirm which size is to be used for a specific project 

with the Project Manager. 

 20.2 Unless directed otherwise, design of the crypt fields shall contain irrigation isles, that 

are the same width as the plot size. The spacing of the irrigation isles shall be based 

upon the irrigation system design. Refer to the section on Irrigation Design. 

 20.3 Single plots should not be designed at the end of an irrigation isle. The minimum 

number of plots that are laid out side by side is two. 

20.4 The following criteria are to be used as a guide for plant massing within pre-placed 

crypt fields. These are minimum standards to be applied to cemetery expansion 

projects at sites where availability of land permits such practices. Check with the 

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Project Manager regarding the applicability of installing plants and trees within crypt 

fields before proceeding, as this determination is to be made on a project by project 

basis. 

1. Burial fields containing at least 1,600 crypts are allotted one (1) cluster of trees. 

Fields containing at least 2,000 crypts are allotted two (2) clusters of trees. 

2. Clusters of trees may be defined as a grouping of 3 or more trees. Clusters 

should be in the range of approximately 1,300sf and 1,800sf or approximately the 

equivalent of 60-80 gravesite including irrigation aisles. 

3. Tree selection should match existing plant palette within the site to look as 

natural as possible ensuring minimal use of unique ornate trees. 

 

4. Clusters should be aligned with or next to irrigation aisles to allow for maximum 

grave counts. 

5. Plant selection should avoid or carefully consider selection of plants with 

excessive fruit clutter or other maintenance concerns. 

 

6. In sections where there are 2 or more groups, groups should be located no more 

than 200lf apart. 

7. In sites where availability of land is limited or where the visual aesthetic will 

improve site, clusters may be aligned to the perimeter of the crypt fields near the 

roads. This will allow the maximum gravesite counts while still providing the 

visual aesthetic benefits of the trees. 

8. Root barrier should be considered around tree plantings to reduce impacts on 

crypts. 

 20.5 Crypts shall be designed to be set on grades that are flat up to a maximum slope of 

3%. At a 3% maximum slope it is still possible to lower a casket vertically, and not 

hang up on the sides of the pre-placed concrete vaults. 

 20.6 Crypt fields shall be designed with surface slopes that provide positive drainage. A 

minimum slope of 2% is required for the finished surface grade over crypt fields. 

 20.7 Crypt fields may be constructed with standard double depth crypts or quads (two 

double depth crypts manufactured in one casting). For those instances where there 

is a high probability that quads will be provided, it is desirable to do the crypt field 

layout with plots being in even increments in each row, both in partial and complete 

rows between irrigations isles. 

 20.8 Crypt fields are generally constructed by excavation into existing soil, thereby 

creating a bowl. Unless specifically excluded in a geotechnical report, based upon 

very well drained soil conditions below the crypt field, an under drainage system shall 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

be designed and constructed below the crypts. One of the fundamental design 

principals for crypt fields is that water shall not come into the crypts from the drain 

holes on the bottom of the crypts, at anytime following the completion of the field. 

CAUTION shall be taken when crypt field under drains are connected to site storm 

drainage systems. Designer shall insure that backflow from the stormwater system, 

including ponds, cannot back up into the crypt fields to levels that will introduce water 

into the lowest crypt in the field. 

 20.9 Crypts shall be set on a minimum of 6-inches of washed well drained stone, with 

aggregate being 1/8 inch or larger. Stone from 1/8” to 3/8” in size shall be limited to 

the top inch of the stone bed and shall be used for fine grading while setting the 

crypts. For the project location, the designer shall check with the local aggregate 

suppliers to determine what materials are available, and should also check with the 

major crypt installers for a recommendation of the gradation that should be included 

for the specific project. The object for the stone base, is to provide a free draining 

base for supporting the crypts, that is workable by the installers during installation 

and will allow them the easily set the crypts to the allowed installation tolerances. 

 20.10 Crypt field design can be either sloped, 3% maximum, or stepped with the pre-placed 

crypts placed level, with the change in grade being created by stepping the crypt 

field. Steps shall be created so the depth of material at the headstone location, is 

between 20 and 22 inches. 

 20.11 Irrigation lines through crypt fields should be installed with a minimum of 4-inches of 

clearance between the top of the lid and the top of the irrigation lateral, to insure that 

the line is not damaged during excavation of the crypts. 

21. APPLICABLE SITE ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPING MASTER SPECIFICATIONS 

INDEX: Use the latest edition of NCA Master Specifications. 

SECTION TITLE

DIVISION 1-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 

01 00 00 General Requirements 

01 57 19 Temporary Environmental Controls 

01 74 19 Construction Waste Management 

DIVISION 2 – EXISTING CONDITIONS 

02 21 00 Site Surveys 

02 41 10 Demolition and Site Clearing 

DIVISION 3 – CONCRETE 

03 28 41 Precast Concrete Crypts 

03 30 53 Short Form Cast-in-Place Concrete 

03 45 00 Precast Architectural Concrete 

03 48 24 Precast Columbarium Concrete Units 

03 48 26 Precast Concrete Memorial Wall Units 

DIVISION 04 – Masonry 

04 05 13 Masonry Mortaring 

Site Development Criteria Page 5-18
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

Site Development Criteria Page 5-19

04 05 16 Masonry Grouting 

04 05 31 Masonry Tuck Pointing 

04 20 00 Unit Masonry 

04 43 00 Natural Stone Veneer 

04 73 00 Memorial Markers- Granite 

04 73 01 Memorial Markers-Marble 

04 72 00 Cast Stone Masonry 

04 73 10 Niche Covers- Granite 

04 73 11 Niche Covers-Marble 

DIVISION 07 - THERMAL AND MOISTURE PROTECTION 

07 92 00 Joint Sealants 

DIVISION 10 – SPECIALTIES 

10 14 00 Exterior Signage 

10 75 00 Flagpoles 

DIVISION 31 – EARTHWORK 

31 20 00 Earth Moving 

31 20 11 Earth Moving (Short Form) 

31 23 19 Dewatering 

31 23 23.33 Flowable Fill 

31 32 23 Drilled Caissons 

31 62 00 Driven Piles 

31 63 16 Auger Cast Grout Piles 

31 63 26 Pressure Grouting Soil Stabilization 

DIVISION 32 – EXTERIOR IMPROVEMENTS 

32 05 23 Cement and Concrete for Exterior Improvements 

32 12 16 Asphalt Paving 

32 14 16 Brick Unit Paving 

32 17 23 Pavement Marking 

32 30 00 Site furnishings 

32 31 13 Chain Link Fences and Gates 

32 31 00 Ornamental Fencing 

32 84 00 Planting Irrigation 

32 90 00 Planting 

DIVISION 33 – UTILITIES 

33 10 00 Water Utilities 

33 30 00 Sanitary Sewerage Utilities 

33 40 00 Storm Drainage Utilities 

33 46 13 Foundation Drainage 

33 51 00 Natural-Gas Distribution 

- - - END - - -
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.2 SANITARY DESIGN CRITERIA 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA 

2. GENERAL 

3. WATER SUPPLY 

4. WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 

5. DOMESTIC WATER PUMPING SYSTEM 

6. SANITARY AND STORM SEWERAGE SYSTEMS 

7. SEWAGE PUMPING EQUIPMENT (EXTERNAL) 

8 GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 

9. FUEL FOR MAINTENANCE EQUIPMENT 

10. CALCULATIONS 

11. APPLICABLE SANITARY MASTER SPECIFICATIONS 

 INDEX

Sanitary Design Criteria Page 5-21
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.2 SANITARY DESIGN CRITERIA 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

1. CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA: 

 1.1 Refer to Section 5.11 GRAPHIC STANDARDS for general requirements and 

classification of drawings ("W-Series"). An exception is storm drainage piping and 

structures which should be indicated on the Site Grading and Drainage ("L-Series") 

drawings. 

 1.2 Design of building foundation drains is the responsibility of the Architect. Do not 

show details on Sanitary ("W-Series") drawings. However, pipe design from low 

point of foundation drainage system to storm sewerage system is the responsibility 

of the Sanitary Engineer. 

 1.3 Do not cross gravesites with utilities. Route the main distribution systems for 

utilities immediately under or adjacent to roadways. Route utility lines in interment 

areas between sections, in order to avoid obstruction of gravesites within burial 

sections. Install all utility lines, including electric power and communication lines, 

underground. Exceptions may be made depending upon excessive cost or 

remoteness of source from developed areas of the cemetery. 

 1.4 Consolidate notes as much as possible and place them on the right-hand side of the 

sheet. 

 1.5 Show scale, compass point, orientation, key plan, title, column grids and numbers, 

room numbers and titles corresponding to the architectural drawings. 

 1.6 Show room titles and numbers on each plan. If this information is not shown it 

could result in rejection of the submission. 

1.7 Provide drawings generated in either AutoCAD© or Microstation©. 

2. GENERAL:

 2.1 In the design of the sanitary systems, follow this criteria and NCA Master 

Specifications. 

 2.2 Sanitary design drawings (W-Series) consists of sanitary sewerage, water, irrigation 

(I-Series) and gas systems, but may also include the storm drainage and drainage 

structures. 

 2.3 Estimate quantity, in cubic meters (yards), of rock excavation for sewers, water 

lines, and gas lines. Refer to Specification 31 20 00 for definition of rock. 

 2.4 The amount of earthcover required over sewer, water, and gas lines follows: 

 A. Minimum cover under traffic areas shall be 900 mm (three feet). 

Sanitary Design Criteria Page 5-22
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 B. Top of potable water and gas lines shall be at least 300 mm (one foot) below 

frost penetration. 

 C. Where practical, top of sewers shall be at least 300 mm (one foot) below 

frost penetration. Where such depth below is not practical, provide 

supporting foundations to such depth and securely fasten sewer. 

 2.5 Do not install more than one utility in the same trench. 

 2.6 Maintain a horizontal distance of at least 3000 mm (ten feet) between parallel sewer 

and water lines. 

3. WATER SUPPLY:

 3.1 Investigate the use of non-potable water for irrigation. Effect on health, grass, and 

irrigation equipment shall be considered. Insure that water is available either by two 

sources or on-site storage (lake, tank, etc.). Use potable water as a last resort. 

Coordinate with Section 5.3 Irrigation Design Criteria. 

 3.2 A connection to a public water company is preferred for potable water. If a potable 

source is not available, provide on-site water treatment as necessary. Provide 

potable water to administration and maintenance buildings, public restrooms, and 

yard hydrants. Untreated irrigation water (not sewage effluent) may be used at 

flower water spigots, with proper signage. All signage will follow cemetery signage 

design. 

4. WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM: 

 4.1 Design system to provide water service for maximum domestic and irrigation 

requirements. Fire hydrants will be provided if an adequate water supply is 

available. Flow velocity shall not exceed 3 m/s (10 feet-per-second). 

 4.2 Place isolation valves to provide control over reasonably sized area. In addition, 

designate valves in fire hydrant branches and building service lines, near their 

connection to feeder mains. If irrigation water is used for fire protection coordinate 

with Section 5.3 Irrigation Design Criteria. 

 4.3 At a minimum provide one hydrant for first responders. If adequate supply is 

available place a fire hydrant at occupied buildings or at an alternative location to 

serve the site. NFPA allows un-sprinklered administration buildings. 

5. DOMESTIC WATER PUMPING SYSTEM: 

 5.1 Large Systems: Use a three pump constant pressure system with a pneumatic tank 

and no-flow shut-down. 

 5.2 Small Systems: May be two pump systems with a pneumatic tank and operate with 

on-off pressure switch. Provide controls that alternate the pumps and allow both 

pumps to operate at the same time. 

Sanitary Design Criteria Page 5-23
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

6. SANITARY AND STORM SEWERAGE SYSTEMS:

 6.1 Design separate underground sanitary and storm sewerage systems, including 

building connections, manholes, cleanouts, drainage inlets (yard and curb), cooling 

tower waste lines, open drainage channels, dry wells, etc., and all appurtenances. 

Storm drainage system shall serve all areas under construction or affected by 

construction. 

 6.2 Design all components of storm sewerage system on basis of EPA NPDES Ph.2 

standards. (As implemented on a State basis). 

 6.3 Comply with the requirements of off-site municipal or regional receptor of storm 

water. Provide retention, if required by Agency. 

 6.4 Do not connect storm drainage system to sanitary sewerage systems. 

 6.5 To extent feasible, locate sewer pipes and manholes under pavement at the 

centerline. Provide manholes at junctions, changes in direction, changes in slope, 

and changes in invert elevations of sewers 200 mm (8-inch) and above. [Cleanouts 

are required for 100 and 150 mm (4 and 6-inch) sewers]. Limit spacing between 

manholes to 90 m (300 feet), except 150 m (500 foot) spacing is permitted in 

straight runs of long outfall sewers. 

 6.6 Indicate on drawings where extra strength pipe is required to support anticipated 

trench and superimposed loads. Include adequate pipe bedding and, if necessary, 

provide structural supports for sewer pipes, manholes, inlets, and other 

appurtenances. 

 6.7 Limit sanitary trunk sewers to not less than 200 mm (8-inch) diameter and sanitary 

sewer building connections to not less than 100 mm (4-inch) diameter. Establish 

sanitary sewer slopes to provide minimum velocity of 0.6 mm per second (two feet 

per second) when pipe is flowing full; maximum slope shall be ten percent, unless 

there are unusual circumstances; provide drop manholes as required. 

 6.8 Limit storm sewers serving drainage inlets to not less than 300 mm (12”) diameter 

and building connections to not less than 100 mm (4-inch) diameter. Establish 

storm sewer slopes to provide minimum velocity of 0.6 mm per second (two 

feet-per-second) when pipe is flowing full. Maximum storm sewer design velocity 

shall be in non-erosive range for specified pipe material. 

 6.9 Storm drainage curb and gutter inlets shall be designed to match the profile of the 

curb and/or curb and gutter. No part of the inlet shall be behind the curb. Grating 

for inlets shall be selected based on drainage capacity, ability to screen out harmful 

debris, ability to pass unobjectionable debris, strength, and permanency guidelines. 

 6.10 Use State or local standard details for manholes, inlets, endwalls and pipe cradles. 

Adjust master specification as necessary. Design curb and gutter inlets with a 

grade to match the profile of the curb and gutter with no part of the inlet behind the 

curb. 

Sanitary Design Criteria Page 5-24
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 6.11 Use septic tanks to treat building waste if connection to public sewer is not possible 

and soil percolation is adequate. Provide details and installation instructions in 

accordance with the State or local Health Department and others having jurisdiction. 

If percolation is poor, provide an alternate solution of treatment. 

 6.12 Where required by high groundwater conditions, provide subsurface drainage 

system in gravesite areas to insure water table will be a minimum of 2400 mm (8 

feet) below estimated final grade or 12” below crypt fields. 

7. SEWAGE PUMPING EQUIPMENT (EXTERNAL):

 7.1 Design pumping system to discharge at maximum sewage flow rate with largest 

pump not operating. Provide emergency power. 

 7.2 Wet well shall be large enough to allow an interval of at least 6 minutes between 

successive starts of same pump motor throughout entire range of estimated flow 

rates. Include high water level alarm system in wet well, and place alarm panel in 

the office of the Facility Maintenance Manager, chief, or other appropriate location. 

Coordinate in Design Development. 

8. GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM: Coordinate with gas company concerning housing and/or 

fencing for gas metering and regulating equipment. Comply with all gas company 

requirements. 

9. FUEL FOR MAINTENANCE EQUIPMENT: The tanks, one for gasoline and one for Diesel 

oil, will be above ground type, government furnished, and contractor installed (VC). 

Provide air, water, and electrical utilities to complete the installation. Provide tank 

protection from vehicles by bollards or curbs. Provide emergency power. 

10. CALCULATIONS: Calculations are required for the following systems: 

 Water Storm Drainage 

 Irrigation Gas 

Sanitary Sewerage Ancillary Associated Equipment 

11. APPLICABLE SANITARY MASTER SPECIFICATIONS INDEX: Use the latest edition of 

NCA Master Specifications. 

SECTION TITLE

DIVISION 22-PLUMBING 

22 05 11 Common Work Results for Plumbing 

22 12 16 Facility Elevated, Potable Water Storage Tanks 

22 13 00 Facility Sanitary Sewerage 

22 13 23 Sanitary Waste Interceptors 

22 13 29 Sanitary Sewerage Pumps 

22 13 33 Packaged, Submersible Sewerage Pump Units 

22 13 36 Packaged, Wastewater Pump Units 

23 13 23 Concrete Above Ground Fuel Storage 

Sanitary Design Criteria Page 5-25
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

Sanitary Design Criteria Page 5-26

DIVISION 31 – EARTHWORK 

31 20 00 Earth Moving 

31 20 11 Earth Moving (short form) 

31 23 19 Dewatering 

31 23 23.33 Flowable Fill 

DIVISION 32 – EXTERIOR IMPROVEMENTS 

32 05 23 Cement and Concrete for Exterior Improvements

32 84 00 Planting Irrigation 

32 90 00 Planting 

DIVISION 33 – UTILITIES 

33 10 00 Water Utilities 

33 30 00 Sanitary Sewerage Utilities 

33 40 00 Storm Drainage Utilities 

33 46 13 Foundation Drainage 

33 51 00 Natural-Gas Disturbance 

- - - END - - - 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.3 IRRIGATION DESIGN CRITERIA 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA 

2. GENERAL 

3. IRRIGATION WATER SUPPLY 

4. IRRIGATION WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 

5. IRRIGATION WATER PUMPING SYSTEM 

6. IRRIGATION SYSTEM 

6.1 System Characteristics 

6.2 Point Of Connection 

6.3 Controller / Wire 

6.4 Grounding 

6.5 Piping / Fittings 

6.6 Flower Water Stations 

6.7 Valves 

6.8 Sprinkler Heads 

7. APPLICABLE IRRIGATION MASTER SPECIFICATIONS INDEX

Irrigation Design Criteria Page 5-27 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.3 IRRIGATION DESIGN CRITERIA 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS

1. CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA: 

 1.1 Refer to SECTION 5-11 GRAPHIC STANDARDS for general requirements and 

classification of drawings ("I-Series"). 

 1.2 Irrigation lateral pipes and sprinkler heads to be installed within burial areas require 

the design of irrigation utility aisles. The purpose for the aisle is to allow the 

internment activities to occur, without disturbing the irrigation system components. 

Irrigation aisles should be designed to be the same width at the burial plots for the 

specific burial area. This is critical where upright headstones are to be used to keep 

the diagonals for the headstones aligned. The lateral pipes and sprinklers should 

be designed to be located generally in the approximate center of the aisle, except 

where it is necessary to deviate to not interfere with layout monuments. Sprinkler 

heads should be located in the center of the irrigation aisles positioned 

perpendicular to the long axis of the burial plots at the mid-point between headstone 

rows for adjoining burial plots. For a 3’x8’ plot layout, the sprinkler head will be 

positioned approximately 58” from the top of the 8’ burial plot. For upright 

headstones, the irrigation heads should be spaced equidistant (within 1-2”) between 

the adjoining headstones. Provide a sample burial section layout in Design 

Development, prior to designing the entire irrigation system. Alternate methods of 

design will be considered at this review. 

 1.3 Design layout distance between irrigation utility aisles should normally be based 

upon application efficiency for the sprinklers. Typically the best sprinkler efficiency 

occurs with spacing of between 54 and 72 feet. The irrigation aisle spacing should 

be designed within the above range and should be set based upon a multiple of the 

width for the plots in the specific field. As and example, for pre-placed crypt fields, 

where plot width is 3’, the design distance between irrigation aisles will be a 

multiple of 3 feet, with the distance between aisles limited based upon the irrigation 

system characteristics, the type of sprinkler head, the available operating pressure, 

the available nozzles and the efficiency metrics. If the designed spacing between 

irrigation aisles is greater than 72’ this results in the use of higher pressure at the 

sprinkler heads and lower application efficiency metrics. These conditions have 

higher cost impacts on the pumping and distribution system. In addition, operating 

sprinkler heads with pressure of 80-90 psi, as compared to 50-60 psi, can have 

adverse impacts on nearby trees and headstones. 

 1.4 For purposes of automatic watering based on ET the control system ideally may be 

connected to an onsite weather station to automatically adjust run times based upon 

real time weather conditions. This decision should be clarified in the design review 

process as part of the Design Development process. 

 1.5 Do not cross gravesites with irrigation mainline or lateral pipes. Irrigation system 

mainline pipes for routing purposes are those that are larger than 6-inch diameter. 

There are two acceptable routes for the irrigation mains within new cemeteries, or 

Irrigation Design Criteria Page 5-28 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

expansions in existing cemeteries, where new roads are to be constructed. The 

first route is in the new road network. For this construction, the installation of the 

irrigation main shall be designed to be constructed like public water mains in 

municipal streets. The water main shall be backfilled with flowable fill that is 

excavatable by hand or light equipment. Any other irrigation lines, power for the 

irrigation system, or control wiring for the irrigation system shall cross the roads or 

any other hardscape, inside of appropriate buried conduits. This will allow for the 

repair and/or replacement of the facilities without disturbing the in place hardscape. 

Where the decision for the project is to perform the general installation of the 

irrigation mains outside of the roads, any crossing of roads or hardscape with the 

irrigation mains shall be in sleeves. 

 The second route for irrigation mains is to be immediately adjacent to roadways, 

whenever possible. For irrigation mains outside of the roadways they should be 

located between the roadway and interment sections or in irrigation aisles, to avoid 

obstruction of gravesites. Install electric power and control lines, underground in 

the same trench as the irrigation pipes, with the wires below the top of the pipes, 

generally following the same path as the irrigation mains. Where the irrigation 

mains cross the roadways or other hardscape in sleeves, provide separate parallel 

conduits for use of the power and control wiring for the irrigation system. 

 NOTE: The suggested location for the mainline pipe is at least 3’ (preferably 10’ to 

avoid street trees) in back of curb or edge of road set so that the mainline does not 

pass under flower water stations and so that street trees are not planted on top of 

the mainline pipe. 

 NOTE: The decision as to whether the irrigation mains are to be designed to be 

inside or outside of the roadways has not been adopted as a standard for all 

locations in the NCA, therefore this determination shall be on a project by project 

basis and should be determined during the Concept Design or Design Development 

Phase of the project development. 

 1.6 Consolidate notes as much as possible and place them on the right-hand side of the 

sheet. 

 1.7 Show scale, compass point, orientation, key plan, title, column grids and numbers, 

room numbers and titles corresponding to the architectural drawings. 

 1.8 Show room titles and numbers on each plan. If this information is not shown it 

could result in rejection of the submission. 

1.9 Provide drawings generated in either AutoCAD© or Microstation©. 

2. GENERAL:

 2.1 Design criteria for existing systems are unique to that system and the first design 

discussion should be to identify what the existing system is and to find out what is or 

isn’t working at the existing facility. Generally matching what is existing and/or 

modifying, expanding or replacing what is existing are to be clarified during the 

design development for the project. As the designer becomes familiar with the 

Irrigation Design Criteria Page 5-29 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

operation of the existing system and the problems and objectives for the system 

improvements, and appropriate design should be created, integrating the existing 

with the new. These situations are unique and as such are beyond the scope of the 

standard facilities design criteria, other that as a general guide. 

 Design criteria for irrigation systems shall to the greatest extent possible incorporate 

water conservation and application efficiency. Irrigation system designs shall follow 

the current Federal and Local water conservation directives. 

 In the design of new irrigation systems, follow this facility design criteria and utilize 

the NCA Master Specifications in creation of the project irrigation system design. 

 2.2 Unless specifically excepted on a project basis, design the system to require the 

amount of earth cover over irrigation mainline pipes, submainline pipes and lateral 

pipes as follows: 

 A. Minimum cover for main lines under traffic areas shall be 900 mm (36”) from 

the bottom of road subgrade. 

 B. Top of irrigation lines, other than laterals, shall be at least 600 mm (24”) 

below grade in turf areas. 

 C. Top of lateral lines shall be at least 450 mm (18”) below grade to allow for 

proper installation of swing joints or rotary sprinklers. 

 

 D. The pipes entering the control valve boxes shall be adjusted so the top of 

the control valve is at least 50 mm (2 inches) below the inside bottom of the 

box lid. 

 2.3 Maintain a minimum horizontal distance of at least 3000 mm (10 feet) between 

parallel potable water and irrigation lines, especially when the irrigation water 

source is reclaimed water, or water from non potable sources. 

 2.4 Designer shall carefully evaluate the impacts of providing fire protection, through fire 

hydrants, or connections to building sprinkler systems, with the irrigation water 

supply source. This is specifically of concern in project locations were frost is 

present in the ground during the winter. At the locations where the system has to be 

drained during the winter to keep elements from freezing, the decision to provide 

fire protection from the irrigation system becomes more complicated. Before 

designing such a system, the decision must be approved by the NCA, and specific 

requirements discussed with the local fire department responders. If any portion of 

the irrigation system is to be used for fire protection, the pipes, valves and 

appurtenances in the portion of the system to remain operational in the winter need 

to be installed below the frost depth for the location. If not applicable, follow the 

above minimums. If there is an irrigation pump station, the sizing of the pump 

station must give consideration to required fire flows not just the irrigation water 

requirements. Fire flows may be greater that irrigation water requirements and the 

pump station and mainline piping need to upsized to meet fire code. 

Irrigation Design Criteria Page 5-30 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

3. IRRIGATION WATER SUPPLY:

 3.1 The evaluation of the source(s) of irrigation water should be investigated during the 

all of the project development phases. Each site location has unique issues 

regarding the location and development of irrigation water supply sources. The 

methods for developing water at a specific site are not covered in the facilities 

design guides. The source of irrigation water should follow the general design 

concepts in this design guide. 

 A. Irrigation water supply source for a NCA facility needs to be developed, at 

least conceptually, to provide potential for sufficient water supply source for 

the full build out of the facility. This is not necessarily true at locations where 

a future phase is separated by a physical boundary such as a river or 

stream. In this case, it may be better to have a separate water supply for 

the future phase. This is especially true if a pond is required as part of the 

irrigation water supply source. The specific requirements for water supply 

source are site and project specific and decisions as to appropriate source 

or sources for a particular project shall be based upon engineering 

evaluation, including life cycle costs, with the alternatives being evaluated as 

early in the project process as possible. 

B. The infrastructure designed for the current phase of the project should, 

wherever possible, be designed to be adequate for the future expansion of 

the facility as the project expands, so that all of the facility won’t have to be 

fully replaced during each expansion phase. There are many factors to be 

considered when designing the infrastructure for specific projects and the 

above considerations should be addressed on a project by project basis. 

C. Irrigation water sources being considered for development should be 

evaluated based upon the most cost effective source based upon life cycle 

costing. 

D. Generally all water sources, other than those from potable municipal water 

supply sources are preferable to municipal potable water sources. Only 

when there are no alternatives for municipal potable water sources, should 

they be considered as the primary irrigation water supply source. Municipal 

potable water sources are considered viable on a case by case basis, during 

the development of alternative sources and as a redundant source, on a 

project by project basis. First priority for sources should be those include 

those from investigation of non-potable water sources for irrigation. 

E. Public health concerns are be of primary concern when designing an 

irrigation system using non-potable water sources. 

F. Water quality that affects turf (nutrients and other constituents), headstone 

staining, and impacts on irrigation equipment must be considered, and 

adverse long term impacts minimized as part of the design for these supply 

sources. 

Irrigation Design Criteria Page 5-31 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

G. Where possible insure that the irrigation water source is uninterruptible. 

Where not possible, an alternative source to function as a backup source of 

supply should also be provided. The backup source shall be adequate, 

should the primary source become unavailable, to supply the irrigation water 

source of supply water in sufficient volume and duration to insure that the 

landscaped areas within the cemetery do not become permanently stressed 

or die. The duration of the irrigation period shall be until either the other 

source is re-established, or there is sufficient rain to maintain the 

landscaped areas of the cemetery. 

H. Untreated irrigation water from surface water, or untreated well water, may 

be used at flower water spigots, with proper signage and color coding. All 

signage will follow cemetery signage design. Reclaimed tertiary treated 

effluent water may be utilized where available, with proper signage and color 

coding. 

4. IRRIGATION WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM: 

 The distribution system for NCA irrigation systems shall be designed using a computerized 

hydraulic network analysis techniques to insure that the pipe sizes are correct to meet the 

specified design parameters. The mainline pipe elements shall be checked for correct 

sizing based upon the anticipated build out of the facility, from Master planning documents 

or more current sources as the project is built. Design objective shall be to have all main 

lines designed initially so they will not have to be replaced as the facility expands. Designs 

shall be in accordance with the following: 

 4.1 Design system to provide water service for maximum requirements. Flow velocity in 

the irrigation system pipes shall be designed to not exceed 1.52 m/s (5 

feet-per-second). 

 4.2 Place isolation valves to provide control over all sections of branched main lines. 

Valve locations shall be sufficient to allow adequate isolation of the system for 

flushing and blowing out the system. 

 4.3 Design system to minimize high points and provide air release valves at high points 

for the system piping where air will not be released through other nearby piping or 

facilities. 

 4.4 When possible, design the irrigation system to contain at least one redundant 

pressure release valve as a safeguard to prevent damage to the pipe system under 

any equipment failure scenarios. 

5. IRRIGATION WATER PUMP SYSTEM: 

 Design for irrigation water pump systems shall be based upon the flow rate required to 

meet the peak season evapo-transpiration transpiration rate, applied during a programmed 

watering cycle for the irrigated area. The pipe network should then be sized to carry the 

volume of water provided by the pumping system, without exceeding the maximum flow 

velocity in the pipes. The pipe network shall be looped, whenever possible, and contain 

isolation valves to facilitate flushing the system at flow velocities at lease 0.6 m/s (2.5 fps). 

Irrigation Design Criteria Page 5-32 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

The specific requirements of an irrigation water pump system are site and project specific, 

based upon the source(s) of irrigation water determined to be viable for the project. A 

viable water supply has an adequate volume of water, available at the interval required for 

irrigation to maintain the landscape materials at the facility, when water is not available 

from natural sources. Depending upon the source of irrigation supply, a storage system 

may be required. This is especially true when the rate of collection into the storage system 

is not enough to meet the irrigation system peak season water requirement. 

 The facilities design guide is not intended to provide specific design parameters for the site 

and project specific irrigation pump system. The design criteria herein are to provide 

information on functional and performance criteria that should be incorporated into the 

facility design. Regardless of the type of source for irrigation water supply, irrigation water 

pump systems shall be designed to include the following: 

5.1 Adequate pump capacity to meet the peak season water requirement for the 

 irrigation system. 

 5.2 Multiple pumps are recommended, to achieve the maximum design flow rate. Use 

identical pumps. The control system for the pumps must include lead-lag operation 

with the pump with the least hours of operation being the next lead pump. 

 5.3 The normal operating point for the pumps shall be so that the pumps, when 

operating at the design flow rate, shall operate as close to the maximum pump 

efficiency as possible. The pump system shall be designed to deliver the required 

system pressure at all flow conditions. 

 5.4 Variable frequency drive control systems are required for all pumps as a means of 

energy conservation. Pumps operate on and off based upon pressure in the system. 

 5.5 The booster pump system shall have built in safeguards in its control system, to 

minimize to potential for damage to the site if the pumps run as a result of a 

pressure drop caused by a mainline pipe break or leak in the system, and not 

because of irrigation demands. Communication between the irrigation control 

system and the booster pump system should be provided so the operation of the 

booster pump system is operating only when irrigation is required. 

 

 5.6 Booster pump system shall be designed so that it has a long design life, except for 

the wearing equipment. This includes, the mounting, housing, control system 

enclosures, etc. 

6. IRRIGATION SYSTEM: 

 6.1 SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS: 

Design of new irrigation system shall be performed to meet the most up to date 

industry standards and techniques incorporating maximization of operating 

efficiency and applicable water conservation directives. Expansion or modification 

projects are not required to completely retrofit existing facilities and bring them into 

compliance with up to date industry design standards. The amount of upgrading of 

the existing facilities shall be handled on a project by project basis. All components 

Irrigation Design Criteria Page 5-33 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

of irrigation system shall be designed, as a minimum, to be installed and operated in 

accordance with guidelines, standards and recommendations set forth by the 

product manufacturers and overall shall comply with the up to date industry 

standards. 

A. Design irrigation system components for NCA expansion projects based 

upon the existing system and match the existing whenever possible, when 

the existing system has been function without any major problems. Before 

proceeding with the design for and expansion of an existing NCA facility, 

B. Spray or rotary type sprinkler systems shall be designed to provide efficient 

watering cycles applicable to the sprinkler types being utilized. Timing for 

application shall be based upon specific characteristics for the areas being 

watered and shall be designed to minimize overspray and excess runoff 

during the irrigation cycle. 

C. Systems shall be designed to provide either a minimum of 60% Distribution 

Uniformity (DU) for spray type heads and 70% DU for rotor type heads, or 

shall be designed to have an application efficiency based upon a the 

Scheduling Coefficient (SC). As an example, if the system is designed with 

an SC of 1.2 or less you can achieve a DU of 70% or greater. Since the SC 

can be directly used to calculate the run times on the controllers, it is 

recommended that this method also be utilized. The designer needs to 

provide documentation of the DU and SC are part of the design submittal. 

D. Pressure regulation devices shall be included in the system design to allow 

entire system including all remote control valves and all sprinkler heads to 

operate at design pressure. Operation of the remote control valves, based 

upon regulated pressure, allows for efficient water application. It also 

allows the advanced irrigation control systems to more accurately provide 

flow control functions, which in turn allows for more consistent, efficient and 

predictable operation of the water supply source(s). Pressure regulation 

devices may include one or all of the following: 

1 - pressure regulation device on/at remote control valve, 

2 - pressure regulation device on individual sprinkler heads. 

3 - pressure regulation of low volume drip/micro systems. 

E. Systems shall be designed to complete the watering schedule for the entire 

facility by watering in daily increments of 12 hours maximum. 

F. System design shall provide separate irrigation zones for areas of turf, 

shrubs, and drip type application devices. 

G. Design irrigation zones to provide separate zones for different exposures. 

(i.e. north side of building vs. south side) and topographic slopes. 

H. Design irrigation zones to be appropriate for plant material to be irrigated. 

I. Design shall provide separate zones for top and bottom of sloped areas. 

The design shall minimize runoff of the slopes and accumulation of runoff at 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

the bottom of slopes shall be taken into consideration as part of the design. 

Design the laterals on slopes to run parallel to the slope. 

J. System design shall include check valves in the sprinklers, wherever 

necessary, to prevent low point drainage where applicable. 

K. Where there are clearly identifiable differing soil types in the areas to be 

irrigated (that have different absorption and runoff characteristics) design 

separate irrigation zones. This would typically apply to crypt fields where the 

soil utilized for backfill over the crypts is significantly different from the 

characteristics of the surrounding soils outside of the crypt fields. 

L. Design system layout with reduced head spacing or low angle nozzles 

where there are prevailing windy conditions that will prevent anticipated 

coverage with higher angle or wider spacing of heads. The exception to this 

is for irrigation in burial sections with upright monuments, where low angle 

sprinklers will cause too much interference/potential damage to the 

monuments. 

M. Design each irrigation zone to have its own station on the controller. When 

retrofitting and adding a zone becomes necessary, combining irrigation 

zones of the same soil and sprinkler types, is acceptable, to minimize 

disruption of the existing cemetery to install additional control wiring, or if 

there is not an additional station on the controller. 

N. No single zone shall be designed or installed with sprinklers of differing 

pressure requirements or precipitation rates. (Rotors, spray heads, drip 

emitters may not be mixed within a zone.) 

O. Design sprinkler head type and spacing based on the water application 

metrics using computerized software that evaluates the SC and DU. 

Sprinkler spacing should be to achieve a SC of less than 1.2 and an DU of 

70% or greater for rotary sprinklers. For spray sprinklers the design head 

spacing shall be at a maximum of 50% of the design performance diameter 

because there is not sufficient distribution rate curve data to accurately 

evaluate SC/DU in the design phase. 

P. Design irrigation systems with 1” POC or larger, or with landscape area of 

2500 square feet and larger, to include a master valve. A master valve/flow 

sensor system is beneficial on larger tap sizes because the larger POC are 

more likely to be used for burial sections and there is a greater risk of 

damage if there is a mainline pipe break. 

Q. Use non-potable color indicators (equipment) for heads, valves, valve 

boxes, quick couplers, piping, etc., when irrigation systems are designed to 

be supplied by secondary or other non-potable water sources. 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

6.2 POINT OF CONNECTION: 

A. Design new systems with a normally closed master valve. Where necessary, 

the master valve shall be capable of manual operation to allow manual use 

of the irrigation system. A normally open master valve is acceptable if a flow 

sensor is used and the controller is capable to shut the valve off in event of 

unscheduled flow (line break). If flower water stations are provided on the 

irrigation system, use normally open with a flow sensor. 

 

B. Design new systems, that are to use non-potable water. to include filtration 

system equipment to clean the source water supply and protect irrigation 

system components. Design filtering equipment to be self-cleaning to 

minimize maintenance requirements. Provide accessible pressure gauges 

immediately upstream and downstream of the filtration device. Filtration is 

recommended for any non-potable water source. The sizing for the filtration 

shall be determined following analysis of the water quality characteristics 

and identification of the products to be filtered out. The size for the filtration 

units, shall be determined on a case by case basis. The objective for the 

filtration system shall be to provide the irrigation water quality that does not 

adversely impact the operation of the irrigation system components, and 

causes high maintenance costs. Secondary consideration to be discussed 

during the design process, are staining of the headstones caused by 

particles in the irrigation water. 

6.3 CONTROLLER / WIRE: 

Design of irrigation system controller shall match any existing components, unless 

during the design development, or in the initial project scope it is specifically 

indicated to do otherwise. The design for the controller and wire shall meet or 

exceed the following and follow ASIC Guideline 101-2003 For Communication 

Cable: 

A. Controller shall be able to provide separate programs for turf zones, shrub 

zones, and drip zones. 

B. Controllers shall be capable of temporarily shutting down system by utilizing 

internal/external options (such as rain, wind, freeze devices) 

C. Controller shall be programmable for multiple start times for cycle and soak 

and shall be capable of water budget adjustment. 

D. Power wire and control wire shall be designed to be installed in the same 

trench, on opposite sides of the mainline pipe, to minimize construction 

costs. 

E. Controller wiring at outside exposure shall be contained in PVC conduit. 

EMT conduit shall be used for inside installations. 

F. Remote control valve wiring shall be a minimum of 14 gauge, UF UL or PE 

UL rated. 

Irrigation Design Criteria Page 5-36 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

G. All wire connections shall be made with watertight connectors and contained 

in valve box. 

H. Provide 18” loop of control wire at all change in directions. 

I. Provide 24” of slack wire at each remote control valve in valve box. 

J. Remote control valve wiring shall be installed with the main line pipe where 

possible. 

K. Remote control valve wiring shall have separate colors for common, control, 

spare, mastervalve and flow sensor. Follow ASIC Guideline 102-2004 Wire 

& Cable Color Code for Irrigation System Equipment for color coding. 

L. As a general guideline, it is desirable to provide as minimum of one spare 

wire for every five remote control valves in system. Spare wire shall be 

available at all valve manifolds or clusters. All spare wires shall be “home 

run” to the respective controller. The distribution of spare wires shall routed 

toward future burial areas, especially when the future burial areas adjoin 

areas where irrigation systems are being installed. One or two spare wires 

should be provided for each new burial area. 

M. Outdoor controllers shall be lockable and weather resistant. 

N. All wiring under hardscaping shall be contained in sleeving. 

O. All wiring shall be identified at each end to provide indication as to which 

location the wire is connected. 

6.4 GROUNDING: 

A. Ground irrigation equipment following procedures identified in ASIC 

Guideline 100-2002 For Earth Grounding Electronic Equipment in Irrigation 

Systems. 

6.5 PIPING / FITTINGS: 

Design of irrigation system pipes and fittings shall match any existing components, 

unless during the design development, or in the initial project scope it is specifically 

indicated to do otherwise. The design for the piping and fittings wire shall meet or 

exceed the following: 

A. All PVC pipe shall be rated ASTM D 1784 or 1785. 

B. Minimum recommended standards for PVC pipe: Schedule 40 for sizes 3/4” 

through 3”, Class 200 for sizes 4” and up. 1⁄2” PVC pipe not allowed. 

C. Maximum flow velocity in any mainline pipe shall not exceed 4.5 feet per 

second. Pressure polyethylene pipe shall be ASTM D2239 rated, lateral and 

Irrigation Design Criteria Page 5-37 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

drip tubing excepted. Note: We do not allow the use of polyethylene lateral 

pipe for sprinklers on VA projects. 

D. All piping under hardscape shall be contained in sleeving separate from wire 

sleeving. 

E. All piping will be capable of winterization by compressed air blowout. 

F. Manual drains may be used in main line pipe applications. 

G. All piping will be backfilled with clean material, settled and compacted to 

proper finish grade. 

H. All solvent weld joints to be installed according to manufacturer 

specifications. 

I. Insert fittings shall be not be installed on sprinkler laterals. 

J. PVC Main lines shall use a minimum of Schedule 40 fittings for 3/4” through 

 1 1/2”. Sch 80 or better 2”-2 1/2”. 

K. Push on ductile or Mechanical cast iron fittings shall be used on PVC main 

line fittings 3” and larger. 

L. Proper thrust blocking shall be installed on all fittings 3” and larger. 

6.6 FLOWER WATER STATIONS: 

A Operation of the flower water station spigot shall be by handle or lever that 

meets ADA requirements of 5 lbs. or less force to operate. 

B. Flower water station spigot shall be of a type suitable for the climate and 

operation of the irrigation system. Recommend use of spigots that are self 

draining and have water feed installed below frost depth. 

C. Match existing, when the existing spigots are to permanently remain and 

currently meet standards. 

D. Install a direct bury pressure regulator and an isolation valve on the water 

supply to the spigot in an accessible location that won’t require removal of 

the concrete base for the flower watering station. 

E. Connect the gravel in the splash box, and the gravel below the automatic 

drain to a storm drain, or to the gravel beneath a crypt field, or other suitable 

draining location, when the native soil is not a well drained soil, to prevent 

saturation of the soil and operation of the automatic drain in water, 

especially when frost enters the ground. 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

6.7 VALVES: 

Design of irrigation system valves shall match any existing components, unless 

during the design development, or in the initial project scope it is specifically 

indicated to do otherwise. The design for the valves shall meet or exceed the 

following: 

A. Remote control valves shall be sized according to the of the zone demand 

requirement, lateral piping downstream and manufacturer’s specifications. 

B. All remote control valves shall have flow control adjustment. 

C. Non potable (secondary) systems shall use compatible (dirty water) remote 

control valves. . 

D. Control valves will be installed in a Standard or larger, manufactured, 

valve/meter box, capable of being locked closed after installation. 

E. Remote control valves in valve boxes shall have ample space for service 

and to remove valve cover. 

6.8 SPRINKLER HEADS 

Design of irrigation system sprinkler heads shall match any existing components, 

unless during the design development, or in the initial project scope it is specifically 

indicated to do otherwise. The design for the sprinkler heads shall meet or exceed 

the following: 

A. All sprinkler heads shall be attached to lateral line pipe with a flexible joint 

swing assembly. 

B. Sprinkler heads adjacent to hardscape paving shall be spaced 1” to 3” away 

from paving. Sprinklers adjacent to walls, buildings, fences or other 

structures shall be spaced a min. 6” away from structures. 

C. All sprinklers within a zone shall have matched precipitation rates. 

D. Shrub heads located adjacent to pedestrian areas shall be pop up variety. 

E. Sprinklers in turf areas shall be fully spring retractable and pop up a 

minimum of 5”, to the centerline of orifice; trajectory should be in excess of 

21° to clear grave headstone. 

Irrigation Design Criteria Page 5-39 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

Irrigation Design Criteria Page 5-40 

7. APPLICABLE MASTER SPECIFICATIONS INDEX: Use the latest edition of NCA Master 

Specifications. 

SECTION TITLE

 DIVISION 32-EXTERIOR IMPROVEMENTS 

32 84 00 Planting Irrigation 

- - - END - - -
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.4 ARCHITECTURAL AND INTERIOR DESIGN CRITERIA 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. GENERAL

2. DRAWINGS 

3. BUILDING PERIMETER FOUNDATION DRAINAGE 

4. DOORS 

5. EXTERIOR WINDOWS 

6. PARTITIONS 

7. FINISHES 

8. CEILINGS 

9. LOW SLOPE ROOF SYSTEMS 

10. PLUMBING FIXTURES, TOILETS AND BATHS 

11. SHOWERS 

12. SIGNS, PLAQUES, AND EMBLEMS 

13. EQUIPMENT 

14. EARTHQUAKE-RESISTIVE DESIGN OF NONSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF 

BUILDINGS 

15. APPLICABLE ARCHITECTURAL STANDARD DETAILS INDEX 

16. APPLICABLE ARCHITECTURAL MASTER SPECIFICATIONS INDEX 

Architectural and Interior Design Criteria Page 5-41 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.4 ARCHITECTURAL AND INTERIOR DESIGN CRITERIA 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

1. GENERAL:

1.1 OVERVIEW 

A. This section provides the VA architectural and interior design requirements 

and criteria to follow in executing your contract. Experience has shown that 

firms who study the criteria in the A/E package prior to starting work on their 

projects have a better understanding of the level of effort expected of them 

by VA and, hence, do a better job with fewer mistakes or conflicts with VA 

standards or criteria. 

B. VA has found that the best design solution for a project occurs when the 

complete project team formed by the A/E has input at the time of early 

schematics. 

C. The A/E’s team, planners, architects, landscape architects, engineers, and 

consultants are required to work together from the inception of the project 

and must make sure that all engineering disciplines are coordinated with the 

architectural programming requirements of the project. Exercise care to 

provide design solutions that will meet the construction standards, space 

requirements, equipment layouts, and vertical and horizontal clearances 

shall be resolved by the final design development submission. Where 

possible, incorporate the mechanical equipment space into the building 

envelope in a manner that avoids the need for a screen. 

1.2 CODES: 

A. The latest editions of the National Fire Codes including the Life Safety Code 

(NFPA 101); 

B. The latest adopted editions of the International Building Code (IBC); 

C. The requirements of the latest Occupational Safety and Health Standards 

(OSHA) published by the Secretary of Labor; 

D. All VA National Cemetery facilities follow the Architectural Barriers Act 

Accessibility Guideline (ABAAG), and this design criteria for buildings and 

site accessibility. 

E. Refer to PG 18-3 Topic 01 for all applicable Codes, Standards and 

Executive Orders. 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

1.3 CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA 

A. Consolidate notes as much as possible and place them on the right-hand 

side of the sheet. 

 B. Show scale, compass point, orientation, key plan, title, column grids and 

numbers, room numbers and titles corresponding to the architectural 

drawings. 

 C. Show room titles and numbers on each plan. If this information is not shown 

it could result in rejection of the submission. 

D. Provide drawings generated in either AutoCAD© or Microstation©. 

1.4 INTERIOR DESIGN SOLUTION 

A. Goal: To provide a supportive interior environment that is respectful of the 

public monies, and expresses high quality design. 

B. Concept: The design is to pivot from the National Cemetery mission, its staff 

and the veteran clientele. The solution must provide an interior that 

responds to the regional elements, supports human performance, one that 

reflects individual characters well as relationship to the group, and to the 

organization as a whole. The interior design should be as user friendly to 

those they serve, the veterans and their families. 

 The color, texture, finish and materials need to be selected with the priorities 

of cost, appearance retention, and maintenance. Optimum principles of 

good design need to be expressed. 

C. Function: 

1) Functional requirements dictate maintainable colors, textures, 

patterns, material selections, combination of materials and 

installation techniques. Materials must be chosen for longevity and 

good appearance retention. 

2) A working knowledge of the properties of all materials is a necessary 

tool. This includes the installation procedure, and the forgiveness of 

the materials as installed in a lower bidder situation, the replacement 

and/or patching qualities of the material. New materials that contain 

different maintenance procedures and/or training for required 

patching are not typically not appropriate but may be considered on 

an individual project basis. 

D. Costs: 

1) As stewards of public monies, every design and selection is to 

employ the priorities of cost-savings. Information on first term vs. life 

cycle cost, for applicable items, needs to be presented in order that 

Architectural and Interior Design Criteria Page 5-43 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

an informed judgment can be made. Design and/or materials that 

impart dollars wisely spent are to be pursued while avoiding 

opulence or the illusion thereof. 

2) Passive cost savings is also recognized as working smart, producing 

favorable contractual procurement and leaving the client with a good 

value as towards future replacement. Examples of this are 

consolidation of selections with design planning that produces 

variety. Other design systems that follow the above practices and 

offer saving are encouraged. 

E. Guidelines: 

1) Consult Equipment Information (PG-18-5) for furnishings and 

surface materials. 

2) Colors, patterns and designs that transcend time are endorsed. 

Trendy colors and patterns are to be avoided. 

3) Color and pattern considerations need to include: 

a. Neutral background colors. Eliminate bright values for major 

surfaces such as walls or floors. 

b. Pattern and textures are good for interest, maintenance and 

sound. 

1.5 THE DESIGN PROCESS: 

A. The participation between the Architect/Engineer's Designer, Facilities 

Management Architectural staff and the National Cemetery Administration 

(NCA) will occur at each review and as needed between reviews. 

Significant benefits can be gained by managing the process into a team 

effort which can lead to better decisions and an expansion of the design. 

B. The interior design during the developmental stage, until approval, needs to 

remain fluid enough that comments are possible and responses do not 

jeopardize the accomplished working hours and the project remains on a 

positive progression. 

C. Interior design is to be considered an essential tool and is to be integrated 

into the three dimensional development of the building design. 

D. Diagrams for patterns or directions for installation may be located as interior 

details on the architectural drawings. 

1.6 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS: 

A. Your proposal may include the use of any building material and any method 

of assembly and should be in harmony with the existing environment. 

Proposal for use of relatively untried materials or of unusual methods of 

construction, however, shall be discussed with the Office of Facilities 

Management and the NCA Technical Support Service as early as possible. 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

B. THE BUY AMERICAN ACT: 

1) VA adheres to Buy American Act. 

 2) There are three possible exceptions to the Act's requirements. All 

have to be documented and approved by VA General Counsel. 

3) Unreasonable cost of the domestic materials, foreign product plus six 

percent is cheaper than the domestic. 

4) Unavailability of domestic material. 

5) Impracticable to use domestic material, public interest such as delay 

to complete project, disruption to operations. 

6) Many interior products have both American made and foreign made 

products in the same series or book or collection. Many American 

companies have items that are not American made. Ensure that all 

selections, unless properly justified, follow these requirements. 

7) Complete definition of selected terms can be found at Federal 

Acquisition Regulation (FAR) 25.201. 

1.7 SPECIFICATIONS 

A. Manufacturers’ names are used to reference, describe and identify color, 

texture or pattern. This is not to be construed as an endorsement of 

proprietary selections. Refer to specification 09 06 00 Schedule for 

Finishes, Part 1- General, manufacturers, and article 4, Proprietary. 

B. The specifying of all architectural finishing materials with color, textures and 

patterns before the contract documents are issued to include as fixtures, 

millwork, and items requiring a selection of color. 

C. PROPRIETARY: 

 1) Brand name, manufacturers pattern numbers are used as 

identification and "or equal" will be accepted as long as they meet all 

the technical requirements of the specifications. COLOR, PATTERN 

AND TEXTURE ARE A PART OF THE REQUIREMENTS. 

Proprietary specifying is possible but must be done within the 

appropriate means. 

 2) The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) contract clause provides 

information on the issue of proprietary specifying. 

1.8 BUILDING ENVELOPE ENERGY CONSERVATION DESIGN: 

A. Building envelope refers to building elements which enclose conditioned 

spaces and through which thermal energy is transmitted to or from the 

outdoors. A building envelope includes exterior walls, windows, exterior 

Architectural and Interior Design Criteria Page 5-45 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

doors, roof/ceiling, peripheral edges of floors over heated spaces, floors 

over unheated spaces, slab-on grade floors and foundation walls. 

B. The building thermal envelope for cemetery buildings shall be energy 

efficicient to minimize the heat gain and due to conduction and solar 

radiation. The building envelope shall minimize the air leakage to and from 

the occupied space and shall also ensure condensation control. 

C. The design of all new VA buildings must comply with mandatory EPACT 

2005 requirements and employ sustainable design principles. The EPACT 

2005 mandates that all new federal facilities shall reduce the energy cost 

budget by 30 percent compared to the baseline building performance rating 

per the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning 

Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 90.1-2004, Energy Standard for Buildings 

except Low-rise Residential Buildings or International Energy Conservation 

Code (IECC), and employ sustainable design principles. ALL NEW 

FEDERAL BUILDINGS WILL BE DESIGNED TO ACHIEVE ENERGY 

CONSUMPTION LEVELS THIRTY PERCENT BELOW THOSE OF THE 

CURRENT VERSION OF THE APPLICABLE ASHRAE STANDARD OR 

THE IECC, 

D. VA requires mandatory compliance with Executive Order 13423 and Federal 

Leadership in High Performance and Sustainable Buildings: Memorandum 

of Understanding (MOU). Article on Building Envelope Energy Conservation 

Design. 

 1.9 SEISMIC DESIGN: 

A. Design cemetery facilities in accordance with the seismic provisions of the 

current International Building Code (IBC) and local building code and H-18-

8 Seismic Design Handbook 

2. DRAWINGS:

2.1 Refer to 5.11 GRAPHIC STANDARDS in this criteria for general requirements and 

classification of drawings. 

2.2 Refer to VA Equipment Reference Manual, Program Guide PG-18-5 National 

Cemetery Administration, and the Equipment Guide List, Program Guide for the 

proper symbols for all fixed items of equipment. 

2.3 Show plumbing fixture symbols (numbers) on plumbing drawings only, not on 

architectural drawings. 

2.4 Use VA Program Guide PG-18-4, Standard Details, as a guide only. However, use 

the VA Door Schedule, Standard Detail SD080000-01,-02. 

2.5 Use fire protection symbols for fire-rated and smoke-barrier partitions, as indicated 

in PG-18-4, on the 1:100 (1/8”) architectural floor plan, where the partition types are 

designated, and on the fire protection plans (FP drawings). 

Architectural and Interior Design Criteria Page 5-46 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

2.6 Minimize the number of floor drains, because of possible problems from sewer 

gases. Locate floor drains where indicated in the Equipment Guide List, and in the 

Plumbing Design Criteria. 

2.7. Provide finish schedule and color schedules on the architectural drawings. Color 

schedules are to include Interior and exterior. 

3. BUILDING PERIMETER FOUNDATION DRAINAGE

3.1 Subsoil (foundation) drainage provides a means of removing water which may 

percolate to the footing level of a building foundation system. Establish the need for 

a subsoil drainage system by an analysis of the climate, topography, soil character, 

water table, geological factors and the judgment of the designer. Where 

topographical or other factors exist which would lead to uncertainty regarding the 

ability of natural drainage to function and avoid damage by subsurface water, 

provide a subsoil drainage system and show it on the architectural basement floor 

plans. Sections must show relative elevations compared to basement floor level. 

3.2 Provide subsoil drains, when judged advantageous and where individually required, 

at building perimeter wall footings adjacent to basement, crawl spaces, or pipe 

basements below grade. 

3.3 Subsoil drains shall maintain a pitch as uniform as possible and shall drain to 

suitable outfall. Minimum pitch shall be 0.5%. 

3.4 Unless site conditions otherwise dictate, no subsoil drainage piping shall traverse a 

building area to reach an outfall. Where a condition makes this imperative, use 

solid pipe with sealed joints to traverse a building area. 

3.5 Subsoil drains shall in no case be lower in elevation than the base of adjacent 

footings. When an abrupt change in elevation of footings occurs, drain tile shall 

lead away from building at the higher elevation of the transition. The lower level 

shall be separately drained. 

4. DOORS: 

4.1 Provide solid core wood or hollow metal interior doors. Wood is preferred, however, 

except for locations where metal is required for functional reasons. Provide metal 

door frames, except for special conditions. Coordinate Room Finishes, Door and 

Hardware Schedule, for sizes, types and symbols of doors with VA Project 

Manager. 

4.2 Verify that all door hardware meets all the minimum accessibility requirements and 

clearances. 

5. EXTERIOR WINDOWS:

5.1 While designing to meet the project goals, use the Secretary of the Interior's 

"Standards for Rehabilitation and Guidelines for Rehabilitating Historic Buildings” as 

Architectural and Interior Design Criteria Page 5-47 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

a guide. Copies of this booklet are available at this website. 

http://www.nps.gov/hps/tps/tax/rhb/index.htm. 

5.2 For double-glazed windows, provide a continuous thermal break between inner and 

outer sash; also between inner and outer frame components including window sill. 

5.3 When in open position for ventilation, window sash shall not project into the room 

beyond edge of stool or face of convector, nor beyond exterior reveals of window 

sills within 2000 mm (6'-6") of grade. 

6. PARTITIONS:

6.1 For interior partition framing use 100 mm (four-inch) metal or wood studs. For 

special requirements, use other sizes or systems as appropriate. Where pipe 

spaces are provided, size partition framing thickness to conceal piping. 

6.2 Use 16 mm (5/8 inch)-thick type-x gypsum wallboard for partitions, except for 

special conditions. 

6.3 Extend all layers of gypsum board from floor to underside of structure overhead on 

the following partitions: 

A. Fire rated partitions. 

 

B. Smoke partitions. 

C. Sound rated partitions. 

6.4 In locations, extend gypsum board from floor as follows: 

A. Not less than 100 mm (four inches) above suspended acoustical ceilings. 

 

B. At ceiling of suspended gypsum board or plaster ceilings. 

C. At existing ceilings. 

7. FINISHES:

7.1 Coordinate Room Finishes, Door and Hardware Schedule with the project 

management team prior to start of construction document phase. 

7.2 Combine the finish schedule and color design schedule and include them on the 

drawings. Use the finish schedule format included in Schedule for Finishes NCA 

Master Specification 09 06 00. Demolition plans must show the existing finishes. 

8. CEILINGS: 

8.1 Use Gypsum Board ceilings in spaces subject to moisture. 

Architectural and Interior Design Criteria Page 5-48 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

8.2 All suspended acoustic tile ceilings, if used, shall be 600 by 600 mm (2 foot x 2 foot) 

lay-in panels with tegular edge (rabbitted edge) in a standard 25 mm (1 inch) grid. 

9. LOW SLOPE ROOF SYSTEMS:

9.1 Low-slope roof systems include but are not limited to the following roofing 

membranes with roof insulation: 

A. Bituminous built-up roofing systems 

B. Modified bituminous roofing systems 

C. Single-ply sheet roofing systems 

D. Fluid-applied roofing systems 

9.2 Design low slope roof systems in accordance with the recommendations of the 

National Roofing Contractors Association (NRCA) Roofing and Waterproofing 

Manual and this Criteria. 

9.3 Design all roofs with slope to roof drains or gutters. 

9.4 Reroofed areas shall conform to this Article. 

9.5 Design low-slope roof systems with a positive slope a minimum of 1:50 (0.25 inch 

per foot) up to a maximum of 1:12 (1.0 inch per foot) to drains: 

A. Use tapered insulation, sloped structural systems, or level structural system 

with sloped fill to achieve the required slope. 

 

B. Do not use NRCA defined "One-way slope" (Sloping to a level valley). See 

NRCA - "Tapered Roof Insulation Systems." 

C. Use NRCA defined "Two-Way slope" (actually sloping in four directions). 

9.6 Use a uniform square grid to lay out roof slopes to drains. Roofs shall not slope to 

level valleys, but may have one-way slopes to gutters at gravel-stop edges. 

9.7 Locate drains at points of maximum deck deflection; generally at midspan of the 

deck between supports where possible. 

9.8 Design single-ply ballasted roofing systems using Factory Mutual Criteria for wind 

force resistance. The following are Factory Mutual Criteria: 

A. FMG 1-28: Loss Prevention Data Sheet, Design Wind Loads 

B. FMG 1-29: Loss Prevention Data Sheet, Above Deck Roof Components. 

C. FMG 1-49: Loss Prevention Data Sheet, Perimeter Flashing.” 

Architectural and Interior Design Criteria Page 5-49 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

9.9 Anchor insulation to deck. Loose laid insulation is not permitted except for 

protective membrane roof insulation system. 

9.10 Specify quality of ballast material in NCA Master Specifications 

9.11 Locate overflow scuppers in parapet walls at top of membrane so that ponding does 

not exceed high point of slopes 

9.12 Use 200 mm (8 inch) high base flashing at walls and penetrations. Do not use pitch 

pockets or similar penetration seals 

10. PLUMBING FIXTURES, TOILETS AND BATHS:

10.1 Do not use toilet stalls or divider partitions in single-user toilet rooms in which only a 

lavatory and water closet are provided. 

10.2 In planning the layouts of toilet rooms and bathrooms, use hinged doors or provide 

visual screening, so as to block the view from the corridors into such rooms. (See 

VA Standard Detail 12A.) 

10.3 Verify that restroom layouts meet all the minimum accessibility clearances. 

11. SHOWERS:

11.1 Use ceramic tile applied with thinset Portland cement to concrete-fiber reinforced 

backer board for shower enclosures and partitions of contiguous areas. 

11.2 Provide grab bars for all showers. 

11.3 Verify that shower meets all minimum accessibility clearances. 

12. SIGNS, PLAQUES AND EMBLEMS:

12.1 For safety sign and construction sign, see General Requirements, Specification 

Section 01 00 00. 

12.2 VA may furnish a dedication plaque and the contractor will install it. The plaque will 

be located as shown on contract drawings. 

12.3 For other signage, see NCA Program Guide, Signage Standards. 

12.4 Verify that all directional and informational signage meets the minimum accessibility 

guidelines. 

The NCA specifies emblems, not seals, to be provided and installed by the 

Contractor. These should be 18 inch Diameter Bronze Emblems representing each 

of the five services, not Service Seals (it requires written authority from each service 

to have the actual service seal posted). The emblems should mount 5’-5“ to center 

AFF, left to right - ARMY, MARINES, NAVY, AIR FORCE, COAST GUARD. 

Architectural and Interior Design Criteria Page 5-50 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

13. EQUIPMENT: 

13.1 After completion of the design development drawings, the A/E firm shall provide a 

listing which itemizes the VA furnished and contractor installed (VC) personal 

property equipment and the contractor furnished and installed (CC) personal 

property equipment. This listing applies to all fixed equipment installed as part of 

initial construction. One month after the award of the construction contract, the 

equipment list shall be updated by the A/E firm and submitted to the contracting 

officer. 

13.2 We recommend that the architect start the equipment list chronologically on a 

room-by-room and drawing-by-drawing basis. 

13.3 The following equipment is not required to be shown on the equipment list: 

A. Plumbing fixtures (P-numbers, such as P-104, P-113, P-411, etc.). 

B. Equipment shown in toilets and bathrooms, unless otherwise noted. 

C. Electrical equipment, such as TV outlets, electrical receptacles, junction 

boxes, light fixtures, alarm system, etc. 

14. EARTHQUAKE-RESISTIVE DESIGN OF NONSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF 

BUILDINGS: 

14.1 See VA Design and Construction Procedures (formerly Construction Standards CD54), VA Handbook H-18-8, and Uniform Building Code. 

A. Provide seismic restraints for equipment where ‘Z’ value is equal 

15. APPLICABLE ARCHITECTURAL STANDARD DETAIL INDEX:

15.1 The designer shall obtain a copy of the Standard Details and use the applicable 

details for the project after doing the necessary editing work. 

16. APPLICABLE ARCHITECTURAL MASTER SPECIFICATIONS INDEX:

16.1 INTERIOR DESIGN MASTER SPECIFICATION INDEX: 

A. Use the latest edition of NCA Master Specifications. 

SECTION TITLE

 DIVISION 9-FINISHES

09 06 00 Schedule for Finishes 

09 30 13 Ceramic/Porcelain Tiling 

09 51 00 Acoustical Ceilings 

09 54 23 Linear Metal Ceilings 

09 63 13 Brick Flooring 

Architectural and Interior Design Criteria Page 5-51 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

09 63 40 Stone Flooring 

09 65 13 Resilient Base and Accessories 

09 65 16 Resilient Sheet Flooring 

09 65 19 Resilient Tile Flooring 

09 65 13 Portland Cement Terrazzo Flooring 

09 66 16 Terrazzo Tile Flooring 

09 67 00 Fluid Applied Flooring 

09 67 23 Resinous Flooring 

09 68 00 Carpeting 

09 91 00 Painting 

DIVISION 10 - SPECIALTIES 

10 11 13 Chalkboards 

10 11 23 Tackboards 

10 13 00 Directories 

10 14 10 Interior Signage 

10 21 13 Toilet Compartments 

10 28 00 Toilet, Bath, and Laundry Accessories 

10 44 13 Fire Extinguisher Cabinets 

10 51 13 Metal Lockers 

10 56 13 Steel Shelving 

DIVISION 11 - SPECIALTIES

DIVISION 12 - FURNISHINGS

12 24 00 Window Shades 

** The A/E Interior Designer will edit the specifications and send them back to VA Project Team 

for review. 

16.2 ARCHITECTURE MASTER SPECIFICATION INDEX: 

A. Use the latest edition of NCA Master Specifications. 

SECTION TITLE

 DIVISION 4-MASONRY

04 05 13 Masonry Mortaring 

04 05 16 Masonry Grouting 

04 05 31 Masonry Tuck Pointing 

04 20 00 Unit Masonry 

04 72 00 Cast Stone Masonry 

 DIVISION 5-METALS

05 50 00 Metal Fabrications 

05 51 00 Metal Stairs 

 DIVISION 6-WOOD, PLASTICS, AND COMPOSITES

06 10 00 Rough Carpentry 

06 20 00 Finish Carpentry and Millwork 

Architectural and Interior Design Criteria Page 5-52 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 DIVISION 7-THERMAL AND MOISTURE PROTECTION

07 11 13 Bituminous Dampproofing 

07 12 00 Built-Up Bituminous Waterproofing 

07 13 00 Sheet Waterproofing 

07 13 52 Modified Bituminous Sheet Waterproofing 

07 21 13 Thermal Insulation 

07 21 23 Loose-Fill Insulation 

07 22 00 Roof and Deck Insulation 

07 24 00 Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems 

07 31 13 Asphalt Shingles 

07 31 26 Slate Shingles 

07 31 29.13 Wood Shingles 

07 32 13 Clay Roof Tiles 

07 40 00 Roofing and Siding Panels 

07 51 00 Built-Up Bituminous Roofing 

07 52 16 Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Modified Bituminous Membrane Roofing 

07 53 23 Ethylene-Propylene-Diene-Monomer Roofing 

07 54 19 Polyvinyl-Chloride Roofing 

07 56 00 Fluid-Applied Roofing 

07 57 13 Sprayed Polyurethane Foam Roofing 

07 60 00 Flashing and Sheet Metal 

07 61 16 Batten Seam Sheet Metal Roofing 

07 71 00 Roof Specialties 

07 72 00 Roof Accessories 

07 81 00 Applied Fireproofing 

07 84 00 Firestopping 

07 92 00 Joint Sealants 

 DIVISION 8-OPENINGS

08 11 13 Hollow Metal Doors and Frames 

08 14 00 Wood Doors 

08 31 13 Access Doors and Frames 

08 33 00 Coiling Doors and Grilles 

08 36 13 Sectional Doors 

08 41 13 Aluminum-Framed Entrances and Storefronts 

08 51 13 Aluminum Windows 

08 51 23 Steel Windows 

08 51 69.11 Aluminum Storm Windows 

08 63 00 Metal-Framed Skylights 

08 71 00 Door Hardware 

08 71 13.11 Low Energy Power Assist Door Operators 

08 80 00 Glazing 

08 90 00 Louvers and Vents 

 DIVISION 9-FINISHES

09 22 16 Non-Structural Metal Framing 

09 24 00 Portland Cement Plastering 

09 29 00 Gypsum Board 

Architectural and Interior Design Criteria Page 5-53 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

Architectural and Interior Design Criteria Page 5-54 

 DIVISION 10-SPECIALTIES

10 21 13 Toilet Compartments 

10 28 00 Toilet, Bath, and Laundry Accessories 

10 44 13 Fire Extinguisher Cabinets 

10 75 00 Flagpoles 

 DIVISION 11-EQUIPMENT 

11 11 14 Motor Vehicle Lifts 

11 11 16 Vehicle Washing Equptment 

11 11 26 Vehicle Service Equptment 

 DIVISION 12-FURNISHINGS

12 24 00 Window Shades 

12 32 00 Manufactured Wood Casework 

DIVISION 13-SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION

13 05 41 Seismic Restraint Requirements for Non-Structural Components 

13 34 19 Metal Building Systems 

- - - END - - - 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.5 STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

1. GENERAL 

2. APPLICABLE STRUCTURAL MASTER SPECIFICATIONS INDEX 

Structural Design Criteria Page 5-55
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.5 STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

1. GENERAL: 

 1.1 Refer to 5.4 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA AND 5.11 GRAPHIC 

STANDARDS for general requirements and classification of drawings ("S-Series"). 

A. For the structural design, follow the latest editions of: 

B. Reinforced concrete design - ACI Standard 318, "Building Code 

Requirements for Reinforced Concrete", American Concrete Institute. 

C. Structural steel design - "Specification for the Design, Fabrication and 

Erection of Structural Steel for Buildings", American Institute of Steel 

Construction. 

D. Unless otherwise noted above - "International Building Code", International 

Conference of Building Officials. 

E. Consolidate notes as much as possible and place them on the right-hand 

side of the sheet. 

F. Show scale, compass point, orientation, key plan, title, column grids and 

numbers, room numbers and titles corresponding to the architectural 

drawings. 

G. Show room titles and numbers on each plan. If this information is not 

shown it could result in rejection of the submission. 

H. Provide drawings generated in either AutoCAD© or Microstation©. 

2. APPLICABLE STRUCTURAL MASTER SPECIFICATIONS INDEX: 

Use the latest edition of NCA Master Specifications. 

SECTION TITLE

 DIVISION 1-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

01 45 29 Testing Laboratory Services 

 DIVISION 2-EXISTING CONDITIONS 

02 41 10 Demolition 

Structural Design Criteria Page 5-56
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

Structural Design Criteria Page 5-57

 DIVISION 3-CONCRETE

03 30 53 Cast-In-Place Concrete (Short Form) 

03 41 33 Precast Structural Pretension Concrete 

 DIVISION 5-METALS

05 12 00 Structural Steel Framing 

05 21 00 Steel Joist Fra ming 

05 31 00 Steel Decking 

05 36 00 Composite Metal Decking 

05 40 00 Cold-Formed Metal Framing\ 

05 50 00 Metal Fabrications 

 DIVISION 31-EARTHWORK

31 23 19 Dewatering 

31 20 00 Earthwork 

31 63 16 Auger Cast Grout Piles 

31 63 26 Drilled Caissons 

- - -END - - -
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.6 HVAC DESIGN CRITERIA 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA

2. BASIC DESIGN PARAMETERS

3. HVAC SYSTEMS

4. SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS (HVAC)

5. DOCUMENTATION AND MISCELLANEOUS REQUIREMENTS

6. APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS

7. HVAC STANDARD DETAILS INDEX

8. APPLICABLE HVAC MASTER SPECIFICATION INDEX

HVAC Design Criteria Page 5-58
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.6 HVAC DESIGN CRITERIA 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

1. CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA:

1.1 GENERAL: In this article requirements unique to the VA are described. 

 A. Consolidate notes as much as possible and place them on the right-hand 

side of the sheet. 

 B. Show scale, compass point, orientation, key plan, title, column grids and 

numbers, room numbers and titles corresponding to the architectural 

drawings. 

 C. Show room titles and numbers on each plan. If this information is not shown 

it could result in rejection of the submission. 

 D. Provide drawings generated in either AutoCAD© or Microstation©. 

 1.2 Refer to Graphic Standards Section 5.11 for general requirements and classification 

of drawings ("H-Series"). 

 1.3 CLIMATIC CONDITIONS: Base the outdoor climatic conditions for the facility on 

the data listed in the latest ASHRAE Guide for the weather stations which closely 

represent the climatic conditions of the locations of the National Cemeteries. For the 

purpose of calculating the cooling and heating loads, use the following mean 

coincident temperatures values: 

 A. SUMMER: 2-1/2 percent design dry bulb 2-1/2 percent design wet bulb 

 B. WINTER: 97-1/2 percent design dry bulb 

 1.4 DUCTWORK: In the final design drawings (Construction Documents Phase), show 

all ductwork in double line regardless of sizes and/or complexity of layouts. 

 1.5 INTERDISCIPLINE COORDINATION: Coordinate HVAC design with all other 

disciplines, such as Architectural, Structural, Electrical, Plumbing and Site Planning. 

The following HVAC related work is generally shown by other disciplines: 

 A. Architectural drawings and specifications provide all louvers and attached 

screens in exterior walls, all flashing for ducts and piping penetrating roofs 

and exterior walls, finish and identification painting, walls and ceilings, 

access panels, chases, furred spaces, door grilles, mechanical equipment 

rooms, and penthouses. 

 B. Structural drawings and specifications provide all concrete and structural 

steel work, including catwalks, concrete housekeeping pads, lintel supports 

HVAC Design Criteria Page 5-59
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

around openings, and platforms for access to HVAC equipment and

supports for mechanical equipment. 

 C. Electrical drawings and specifications provide motor starters and 

disconnects, not furnished as part of HVAC equipment, smoke detectors 

(duct and/or space mounted), all power wiring to HVAC smoke dampers, 

motors, heating cable, and controls for winterizing piping. 

 D. Plumbing drawings and specifications provide all floor drain outlets. 

2. BASIC DESIGN PARAMETERS:

 2.1 INDOOR DESIGN CONDITIONS: Degrees C (F) dry bulb and percent relative 

humidity. 

TABLE 2.1 BASIC DESIGN PARAMETERS 

ROOM or AREA SUMMER WINTER

Db. %RH Db. %RH

Multipurpose Room 23-25 (74-78) 50-60 21-23 (70-74) 20-30 

Offices, Operational Center 23-25 (74-78) 50-60 21-23 (70-74) 20-30 

Lunch Room 23-25 (74-78) 50-60 21-23 (70-74) 20-30 

Reception 23-25 (74-78) 50-60 21-23 (70-74) 20-30 

Equipment Storage Area (No Mech. Cooling) 20 (68) 20-30 

Toilets, Locker Room 23-25 (74-78) 50-60 21-23 (70-74) 20-30 

Electrical Closets (See Note D. Below) 

Telephone Closets (See Note D. Below) 

Flammable Storage (See Room Data Sheet) 

Pesticide Storage (See Room Data Sheet) 

Maintenance Shops (See Room Data Sheet) 

 NOTES ON INDOOR DESIGN CONDITIONS 

 A. The indoor design conditions are not operating limits. All room thermostats 

shall be adjustable between 15C (60F) and 29C (85F) with an adjustable 

dead band of 3C (6F). Exception: Areas where mechanical cooling is not 

required. 

 B. The summer inside design relative humidity listed in table 2.1 need not be 

maintained by any humidity control. This value merely represents the 

design reference point and, in actual practice, could vary with the prevailing 

internal heat loads and coil leaving conditions. 

 C. Toilets do not require individual room temperature control in the cooling 

mode. For exterior single toilets, provide thermostatically controlled heating 

terminal devices to maintain space temperature in the winter mode. 

HVAC Design Criteria Page 5-60
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 D. In the absence of any heat producing equipment, cooling or heating is not 

required for small electrical and telephone closets. Storage closets, with 

areas less than 6 m2

 (60 sq. ft.) need not be ventilated, cooled or heated. 

 2.2 BUILDING THERMAL ENVELOPE: The building thermal envelope for cemetery 

buildings shall be energy efficient to minimize the heat gain and loss due to 

conduction and solar radiation. The building envelope shall minimize the air 

leakage to and from the occupied space and shall also ensure condensation 

control. 

 The design of all new VA buildings must comply with mandatory EPACT 2005 

requirements and employ sustainable design principles. The EPACT 2005 

mandates that all new federal facilities shall reduce the energy cost budget by 30 

percent compared to the baseline building performance rating per the American 

Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) 

Standard 90.1-2004, Energy Standard for Buildings except Low-rise Residential 

Buildings or International Energy Conservation Code (IECC), and employ 

sustainable design principles. ALL NEW FEDERAL BUILDINGS WILL BE 

DESIGNED TO ACHIEVE ENERGY CONSUMPTION LEVELS THIRTY PERCENT 

BELOW THOSE OF THE CURRENT VERSION OF THE APPLICABLE ASHRAE 

STANDARD OR THE IECC. 

 A. EXISTING CONSTRUCTION: The designer shall examine the existing 

building envelope and recommend the ways and means to improve its 

thermal efficiency. It is recognized that retrofitting the existing walls with 

new insulation, and replacing existing windows, is expensive; however, it 

should be evaluated if it is economically and technically feasible. 

 2.3 ENERGY CONSERVATION: 

 A. ECONOMIZER CYCLE: Depending on the system configuration and facility 

location, evaluate the use of an economizer cycle to obtain "free cooling" 

during mild climate. 

 B. ENERGY EFFICIENT MOTORS: Motors shall be high efficiency type 

complying with NEMA 1993 nominal efficiency values and meeting EPACT 

requirements. 

 2.4 OUTSIDE AIR REQUIREMENTS: 

 A. MECHANICAL COOLING: For occupied areas scheduled to be cooled 

mechanically, outside air for ventilation shall be based on ASHRAE 

Standard 62.1-2004 Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality. 

 B. Provide makeup air for hazardous exhaust systems at a rate approximately 

equal to the rate that air is exhausted. Makeup air intakes shall be located 

so as to avoid recirculation of contaminated air. 

HVAC Design Criteria Page 5-61
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 2.5 ENGINEERING CALCULATIONS: 

 A. LOAD CALCULATIONS: Calculate the cooling/heating loads in accordance 

with the method outlined in ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals. 

 B. SAFETY MARGIN: A safety margin of 10% shall be added to the calculated 

internal heat gain and loss to allow for any future increase in internal heat 

gain or other load demand. The calculated air quantities for the occupied 

spaces shall be based on the addition of the safety margin. 

 C. AIR LEAKAGE: An allowance of 4% shall be made for the leakage of air 

through the ductwork before it reaches the occupied spaces. The leakage 

allowance shall be applied to the sum of all individual peak air quantities 

without any diversity. 

 D. STATIC PRESSURE: Add a safety margin of 10% to the fan total static 

pressure of the system. The static pressure calculations shall be based on: 

 1) Actual take-offs from the system layout drawings, that is, without any 

approximation for fittings, system components, etc. 

 2) Equal friction or static regain method. 

 E. FAN AND MOTOR SELECTION: Increase the KW (HP), calculated on the 

basis of total air quantity and fan static pressure, by 10% to account for drive 

losses and field conditions. The motor selection shall make an allowance 

for: 

 1) Altitude 

 2) Temperature 

 3) Inlet/Outlet Conditions 

 4) System Effect Factors per AMCA 210 

 The fan(s) shall be selected to operate in the stable region at near 

the maximum static efficiency. 

 2.6 DUCT SIZING CRITERIA: As far as possible, design all supply, return, and exhaust 

air ductwork as low velocity/low pressure type with a limiting maximum velocity of 

7.6 m/s (1500 fpm) and a static pressure drop of 25 Pa (0.1 inch water gage) per 30 

m (100 equivalent feet) of duct length. 

 2.7 NOISE CRITERIA: In all occupied areas to be mechanically cooled, maintain NC 

40 in all octave bands. The systems must be engineered and the use of acoustic 

sound lining and sound attenuators shall be considered to achieve the design sound 

levels. For vehicular maintenance areas NC 50 shall be the maximum design noise 

level in all octave bands. 

2.8 SEISMIC BRACING CRITERIA: Refer to article 4, Applicable Construction Criteria, 

and VA Standard Details. 

HVAC Design Criteria Page 5-62
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 2.9 VIBRATION CRITERIA: Refer to the NCA Master Specifications section 23 05 41 

NOISE AND VIBRATION CONTROL FOR HVAC PIPING AND EQUIPMENT, AND 

ATTACHMENT NO. 1 SELECTION GUIDE FOR VIBRATION ISOLATORS. 

3. HVAC SYSTEMS:

 3.1 CEMETERY BUILDINGS: 

 A. GENERAL: The type and number of HVAC systems shall depend upon the 

configuration and size of the cemetery buildings. Evaluate a natural gas 

system for all facilities. If natural gas is not available a factory fabricated 

self-contained, direct expansion (DX) cooling unit, with electric resistance 

heat, or, an air-to-air heat pump (for locations with minimum 2C (35F) 

winter outdoor temperature) unit shall be evaluated. Depending upon the 

available space and building layout, the unit shall be a single piece or a split 

system configuration. For relatively larger facilities, evaluate the use of a 

chilled water cooling system (with air cooled chillers). Ground source heat 

pumps are ideal candidates for locations with minimum -6.6C (20F) winter 

outdoor temperature. 

 B. SYSTEM FEATURES: 

 1) For outdoor installations, the unit shall be fully weatherized. 

 2) Equip the HVAC unit with an economizer cycle to get "free cooling" 

during mild weather. 

 3) Equip the unit with at least MERV 8 filters. 

 4) Complete the air distribution arrangement with supply and return air 

ductwork, supply and return air outlets, and duct mounted heating 

coils or air terminal units. While the conditioned supply air shall be 

distributed to each occupied space by the network of air supply 

ducts, the extent of the return air duct shall depend upon the layout 

of the building. Exhaust air shall be ducted from each area to be 

exhausted. Transfer of supply, return, and exhaust air from one 

occupied area to another is not permitted without ducted 

connections. Exception; Toilets and Janitor Closets. 

 5) Perimeter Heating: Provide perimeter heat for all locations where 

winter outdoor temperature is -17C (0F) and lower. If the building 

thermal envelope is not in compliance with the parameters outlined 

in Article 2, provide the perimeter heat for all locations where winter 

outdoor temperature is -6C (20F) and lower. With perimeter heat, 

the automatic temperature control sequence can be set up to 

maintain the desired set back temperature during unoccupied hours 

of winter nights and holidays without turning on the HVAC systems to 

do so. Provide the perimeter heat by baseboard radiation or radiant 

ceiling panels or other suitable terminal devices. 

6) Temperature Control Criteria: The automatic temperature controls 

shall be direct digital control (DDC) with electric or electronic 

operators for the controlled devices. Evaluate the HVAC system 

design as required. 

HVAC Design Criteria Page 5-63
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

MULTIPURPOSE ROOM & CONFERENCE ROOMS - ROOM DATA SHEET 

Inside Design Conditions •Cooling 75F, 50% RH 

 •Heating 70F, 30% RH 

Minimum Supply Air Changes per Hour 6 

Return 

Air 

 Permitted 

Exhaust Air Not Required 

Room Noise Level NC 40 

Filtration MERV 8 

Individual Room Temperature Control •Note 1 

Room Air Balance Neutral (0) 

Note 1: The temperature control strategy shall depend upon the size and 

configuration of the building. For smaller projects, in a cooling mode, a 

single room or return air thermostat shall start or stop the refrigeration 

compressor(s) without requiring any individual room temperature control. 

Control the heating accordingly; by treating the HVAC unit as a single zone. 

For large projects, provide individual room temperature control for the 

Multipurpose Rooms and Conference Rooms.

OFFICES, RECEPTION & OPERATIONAL CENTER - ROOM DATA SHEET 

Inside Design Conditions •Cooling 75F, 50% RH 

 •Heating 70F, 30% RH 

Minimum Supply Air Changes per Hour 4 

Return Air Permitted 

Exhaust Air Not Required 

Room Noise Level •NC 35 - Private Offices 

 •NC 40 - General/Open Offices 

Filtration MERV 8 

Individual Room Temperature Control Not Required 

 •Note 1 

Room Air Balance Neutral (0) 

Note 1: For larger projects, ensure that the perimeter and internal spaces are not

grouped together as one temperature control zone. 

LUNCH ROOM - ROOM DATA SHEET 

Inside Design Conditions •Cooling 75F, 50% RH 

 •Heating 70F, 30% RH 

Minimum Supply Air Changes per Hour 4 

Return Air Permitted 

Exhaust Air •Note 1 

Room Noise Level •NC 40 

Filtration MERV 8 

Individual Room Temperature Control Not Required 

Room Air Balance Negative (-) 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

LUNCH ROOM - ROOM DATA SHEET 

Note 1: When the Lunch Room is equipped with food warming equipment, 

refrigerator, sink or vending machine, exhaust 50% of the supply air through the 

general exhaust system. Return remaining supply air. Return all supply air if the 

Lunch Room does not include equipment described above. 

TOILETS (Perimeter) - ROOM DATA SHEET 

Inside Design Conditions •Cooling 75F, 50% RH 

 •Heating 70F, 30% RH 

Minimum Supply Air Changes per Hour 6 

 •Notes 1 and 2 

Return Air Not Permitted 

•100% 

•Highest of: 

Exhaust Air 

-10 air changes per 

hour 

-70 CFM (33.0 

Liters/Second) per each 

water closet and/or 

urinal 

•Note 3 

 

Room Noise Level •NC 40 

Filtration Not Applicable 

Individual Room Temperature Control Not Required 

Room Air Balance Negative (-) 

Note 1: For toilets with exhaust volume greater than 300 CFM (141.6 Liters/Second), 

provide thermostatically controlled make-up air. 

Note 2: For toilets with exhaust volume less than 300 CFM (141.6 Liters/Second), 

provide thermostatically controlled perimeter heat delivered by unit heaters, cabinet 

heaters, convectors or baseboard radiators. 

Note 3: For toilets with exhaust less than 300 CFM (141.6 Liters/Second) admit make-up 

air from the adjoining corridor via door undercut and transfer grille. 

TOILETS (Interior) - ROOM DATA SHEET 

Inside Design Conditions •Cooling 75F, 50% RH 

 •Heating 70F, 30% RH 

Minimum Supply Air Changes per Hour 6 

 •Note 1 

Return Air Not Permitted 

•100% 

•Highest of: 

Exhaust Air 

-10 air changes per hour 

-70 CFM (33.0 

Liters/Second) per each 

water closet and/or urinal 

 

HVAC Design Criteria Page 5-65
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

TOILETS (Interior) - ROOM DATA SHEET 

•Note 2 

Room Noise Level •NC 40 

Filtration Not Applicable 

Individual Room Temperature Control Not Required 

Room Air Balance Negative (-) 

Note 1: For toilets with exhaust volume greater than 300 CFM (141.6 Liters/Second), provide 

thermostatically controlled make-up air. 

Note 2:For toilets with exhaust less than 300 CFM (141.6 Liters/Second) admit make-up air 

from the adjoining corridor via door undercut and transfer grille. 

 

LOCKER ROOMS - ROOM DATA SHEET 

Inside Design Conditions •Cooling 75F, 50% RH 

 •Heating 70F, 30% RH 

Minimum Supply Air Changes per Hour 10 

Return Air Not Permitted 

Exhaust Air •100% 

Room Noise Level •NC 40 

Filtration Not Applicable 

Individual Room Temperature Control Not Required 

Room Air Balance Negative (-) 

VEHICLE AND EQUIPMENT STORAGE - ROOM DATA SHEET 

Inside Design Conditions •Heating Only 60F 

Room Noise Level •NC 50 

Filtration Not Applicable 

Individual Room Temperature Control Required 

3.2 SPECIAL CONDITIONS: 

 A. FLAMMABLE STORAGE: Exhaust with an explosion-proof fan and 

provide sprinklers. Heat is not required. 

FLAMMABLE STORAGE - ROOM DATA SHEET 

Inside Design Conditions •Ventilation only 

Minimum Supply Air Changes per Hour 5 Liters/second/sq. meter (1.0 cfm/sf) 

 •Note 1 

Return Air Not Permitted 

Exhaust Air •100% 

Room Noise Level •NC 50 

Filtration MERV 8 

Individual Room Temperature Control Not Required 

Room Air Balance Negative (-) 

HVAC Design Criteria Page 5-66
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

FLAMMABLE STORAGE - ROOM DATA SHEET 

Compliance International Building Codes 

Note 1: See NFPA 30 for additional requirements 

 

 B. PESTICIDE STORAGE: Exhaust with an explosion-proof fan and provide 

sprinklers. Provide heat. 

 

 

 

 

 3.3 VEHICLE MAINTENANCE: 

 A. GENERAL: Provide a dedicated makeup air heating and ventilating unit 

for the maintenance section of the vehicle facility to supply at least 8 air 

changes per hour or 1.5 cfm/sf, whichever is greater. Also provide a 

corresponding exhaust system for exhausting all air to the outdoors. Use 

of truck/vehicle tailpipe exhaust system, and low-intensity infra-red 

heaters should be considered by the designer. 

B. SYSTEM FEATURES: 

 1) The makeup air system shall comprise of a fan, MERV 8 filter, and 

heating section. Investigate the use of gas fired heating sections. 

Ensure uniform distribution of air by ductwork and supply outlets. 

 2) The heating shall be thermostatically controlled. The set back 

temperature during night and holidays shall be maintained by a set of 

unit heaters or by cycling the supply air system without any outside air 

and the outside air dampers closed. During this mode of operation 

the normal interlock with the exhaust air system shall be overridden. 

 3) The exhaust air shall be picked up at floor level, 150 mm (6") above 

the floor uniformly from each service bay. 

VEHICLE MAINTENANCE AND WORKSHOPS - ROOM DATA SHEET 

Inside Design Conditions •Heating and Ventilation Only 

 •Heating Only 15.6C (60F) 

Minimum Supply Air Changes per Hour •7.6 Liters/second/sq. meter (1.5 cfm/sf) 

PESTICIDE STORAGE - ROOM DATA SHEET 

Inside Design Conditions •Ventilation for 100% 

makeup air 

 

 •Heat 20C (68F) 

Minimum Supply Air Changes per Hour •5 Liters/second/sq. meter (1.0 cfm/sf) 

Return Air Not Permitted 

Exhaust Air 100% 

Room Noise Level •NC 50 

Filtration MERV 

8 

 

Individual Room Temperature Control Required 

Room Air Balance Negative (-) 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

VEHICLE MAINTENANCE AND WORKSHOPS - ROOM DATA SHEET 

 •Note 1 

Return Air Not Permitted 

Exhaust Air 100% 

Room Noise Level NC 50 

Filtration MERV 8 

Individual Room Temperature Control Required 

Room Air Balance Positive (+) 

Compliance American Council of Governmental Industrial

 Hygienists (ACGIH) 

Note 1: See 2007 ASHRAE Applications Handbook and NFPA 88B for additional

requirements. 

 

 3.4 SMOKE AND FIRE CONTROL: Design the smoke control for the HVAC systems in 

accordance with NFPA 90A to affect system shutdown in the event of smoke 

detection. Install a duct mounted smoke detector in the main supply air duct, on the 

downstream side of the after filters and prior to any duct take-off, of all supply air 

systems of capacities greater than 56 m3

/min. (2000 CFM). Upon smoke detection, 

the duct detector (through its auxiliary contacts) shall: 

 A. Stop the supply and associated return air fan: 

 The building exhaust air fans shall continue to run. 

 B. Sound an alarm at the fire alarm system. 

 C. Sound an audible alarm. 

4. SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS (HVAC):

 4.1 GENERAL: 

 A. Earthquake-resistive design shall comply with the requirements of the 

International Building Codes and VA Handbook H-18-8, Seismic Design 

Requirements. 

4.2 APPLICATIONS: 

A. Earthquake-resistive design for equipment, piping, and ductwork shall be as 

follows: 

1) New Buildings: For new buildings, apply seismic restraints for 

equipment as indicated in VA Handbook H-18-8. 

2) Existing Buildings: For existing buildings, apply seismic restraints for 

equipment in locations of Moderate High, High, and Very High 

Seismic activity, as indicated in VA Handbook H-18-8. 

3) New and Existing Buildings – Piping: For new and existing buildings, 

apply seismic restraints for piping and ductwork in locations of 

HVAC Design Criteria Page 5-68
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

Moderate High, High, and Very High Seismic activity, as indicated in

H-18-8. 

4) Local Codes: Where local Seismic Code is more stringent, comply 

with local code. 

 4.3 CONFORMANCE WITH SMACNA: 

A. SMACNA does not cover all conditions such as providing bracing details for 

seismic restraints of equipment, details of flexible joints when crossing 

seismic or expansion joints, or bracing of in-line equipment, etc. Also, in 

locations of Very High Seismicities, SMACNA details should be used with 

special care. 

B. Unless otherwise shown by SMACNA, provide detailed structural 

calculations for VA's review on the design of hangers, supports, anchor 

bolts, welds, and connections. Show sizes, spacing, and length for securing 

equipment, piping, and ductwork to structural members. The design 

calculations shall be prepared and certified by a registered structural 

engineer. 

C. Where SMACNA details are incomplete or not applicable, provide necessary 

seismic restraint details. Coordinate mechanical, architectural, and structural 

work. 

D. Show locations of required restraints with reference to SMACNA or special 

restraint details, whichever is applicable. 

E. Provide special details (not covered by SMACNA), where required. Provide 

special attention to the seismic provision for the suspended equipment. 

5. DOCUMENTATION AND MISCELLANEOUS REQUIREMENTS:

 5.1 GENERAL: Refer to Article 6, APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS for the applicable 

requirements. Refer to the VA Standard Details for the symbols and abbreviations 

which shall be used on all drawings and specifications. To avoid any confusion and 

dispute, nomenclature on the drawings shall correspond exactly to nomenclature in 

the NCA Master Specifications. 

 5.2 EQUIPMENT SCHEDULES: 

 A. List Equipment Schedules in the following order, vertically, from left to right, 

to facilitate checking and future reference. Do not show trade names or 

manufacturer’s model numbers. 

 1) Air Conditioning Design Data (outdoor design and indoor design 

conditions for the various occupancies) 

 2) Air Conditioning Equipment 

 3) Fans 

 4) Electric Baseboard Heaters 

 5) Air Cleaning Devices 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 6) Pumps 

 7) Electric Radiant Panels 

 8) Sound Attenuators 

 9) Supply, Return and Exhaust Air Diffusers and Registers 

 10) Unit Heaters 

 11) Vibration Isolators 

 12) Other Schedules as Required 

 B. Equipment performance and capacity data shall correspond to that shown in 

the calculations, not a particular manufacturer's catalog data, but the data 

shall be in the range of available manufactured products. 

 5.3 DUCTWORK DRAWINGS: 

 A. The minimum duct size shall be 200 mm x 150 mm (8"x 6") or 200 mm (8") 

round. 

 B. Provide manual air volume balancing devices in supply, return and exhaust 

mains, branch mains and terminal branches. Install ceiling access panels, 

where required, for access to balancing devices. Show location of balancing 

devices on the contract drawings. 

 C. Use dampers on room diffusers and registers only for minor balancing 

requiring a maximum pressure drop of approximately 25 Pa (0.10 inch) of 

water gage. Do not locate registers and/or diffusers on main ducts or main 

branches, but on individual branch ducts with opposed blade balancing 

dampers to reduce room noise transmission. 

 D. "Round-off" air quantities on plans to the nearest increment of 0.3 m3

/min. 

(10 cfm). 

 E. Smoke detectors for air conditioning systems are specified in the Electrical 

Specifications, but show the locations at air handling units on the "H" 

drawing control diagrams and floor plans. Coordinate diffuser location and 

blow direction with space detector locations shown on the Electrical 

Drawings to avoid false smoke alarms caused by air discharge. 

 F. Provide fire dampers and smoke dampers in accordance with ARTICLE 3, 

HVAC SYSTEMS. Provide a schedule for smoke dampers showing sizes, 

pressure drops, and compliance with the maximum velocity limit. Show duct 

transitions on drawings. 

 5.4 CALCULATIONS: 

 A. For calculations, include equipment capacities; economic analysis; and 

sound vibration analysis. Identify, arrange and summarize calculations and 

analysis in proper format. Index them in a bound folder with each air 

handling unit as a zone and separate chapters for cooling loads, heating 

loads, exhaust systems, pumping/piping calculations, fan selections, etc. 

HVAC Design Criteria Page 5-70
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 B. Provide heat transfer coefficients, solar radiation, psychometrics, duct and 

pipe sizing, etc., and calculations and analysis in accordance with the 

ASHRAE Handbook and VA Design Criteria. VA Design Criteria can be 

found at www.cfm.va.gov/TIL 

 C. In addition to internal loads for people and lights, include heat gain from 

equipment. Examples: computer terminals, plug-in equipment, etc. 

 D. The use of computer programs and calculations is acceptable and desirable. 

Calculations should, however, be keyed to appropriate room, zone, and unit 

numbers for each identification. 

 5.5 ENGINEERING DATA: Prepare copies of the equipment selection engineering data 

(handwritten worksheets), by unit number, including the following: 

 A. Air handling unit capacity and sketch of component arrangement with 

physical dimensions for louvers, dampers, access provisions, filters, coils, 

fans, vibration isolators, etc. 

 B. Required performance (pressures, flow rate, horsepower, motor size, etc.) 

for all air handling units, fans and pumps for intended modes of operation. 

Include fan and pump performance curves. 

 C. Coil selections for heating and cooling. 

 D. Refrigeration equipment loading, performance and selection. 

 E Sound attenuation for fans and ductwork. 

 F. Typical catalog cuts of major equipment. 

 5.6 EQUIPMENT LOCATION AND INSTALLATION: 

 A. GENERAL: Locate equipment to be accessible for installation, operation 

and repair. Design the mechanical spaces to be a suitable size to permit 

inspection and access for maintenance, and to provide space for future 

equipment when required. 

 Consider the effect that equipment noise or vibration might have on areas 

adjacent to, above, and below equipment. Location of equipment remote 

from sound sensitive areas should be emphasized. Design to specific room 

sound ratings. 

 B. HVAC EQUIPMENT: House air handling units and similar equipment in a 

mechanical equipment room. Ensure close coordination with the architecture 

and structural disciplines for issues, such as, aesthetics, operating weight, 

shaft locations, etc. 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 C. Piping and ducts may be exposed in the following buildings and spaces, 

unless finished ceilings are present: 

 1) Storage 

 2) Fan rooms 

 3) Mechanical equipment rooms 

 4) Warehouse buildings or rooms 

 5) Vehicle Maintenance 

 6) Vehicle and equipment storage 

 Conceal piping and ducts in other spaces unless impractical. 

 Locate vertical runs in pipe spaces, pipe spaces, pipe chases, furred in 

spaces. 

 Do not locate pipes and ducts where they will be subject to damage or 

rupture. 

 D. COORDINATION: Coordinate and make provisions for all necessary stairs, 

cat walks, platforms, steps over roof mounted piping and ducts, etc., that will 

be required for access, operation and maintenance. Access to roofs by 

portable ladder is not acceptable. 

6. APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS:

 6.1 GENERAL: The HVAC Design Criteria is to be used in conjunction with referenced 

material listed below. The information in referenced material in not duplicated in the 

Design Criteria. 

 A. Department of Veterans Affairs Program Guides: 

 1) NCA Master Specifications 

 2) PG-18-4, National CAD Standard, VHA Application Guide & 

Standard Details, Division 23 HVAC and Steam Standard Details 

 3) Sustainable Design & Energy Reduction Manual 

 4) PG-18-15, Volume D, A/E Submission Instructions, provides 

guidelines for A/E submissions in the production of Schematics, 

Design Development, and Construction Documents. 

 5) Physical Security Design Manual for VA Facilities 

 B. ASHRAE Handbooks 

 C. National Fire Codes-NFPA 

7. HVAC STANDARD DETAIL INDEX: Obtain a copy of the Division 23 HVAC and Steam 

Standard Details and use the applicable details for the project after doing the necessary 

editing work. 

HVAC Design Criteria Page 5-72
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

HVAC Design Criteria Page 5-73

8. APPLICABLE HVAC MASTER SPECIFICATIONS INDEX: Use the latest edition of NCA 

Master Specifications. 

SECTION TITLE

 DIVISION 23 – HEATING, VENTILATING AND AIR CONDITIONING 

(HVAC) 

23 05 11 Common Work Results For HVAC 

23 05 12 General Motor Requirements For HVAC Equipment 

23 05 41 Noise And Vibration Control For HVAC Piping And Equipment 

23 05 93 Testing, Adjusting, And Balancing For HVAC 

23 07 11 HVAC And Plumbing Insulation 

23 09 23 Direct-Digital Control System For HVAC 

23 11 23 Facility Natural-Gas Piping 

23 13 23 Concrete Above Ground Fuel Storage 

23 21 13 Hydronic Piping 

23 22 14 Ground Loop Heat Pump Piping 

23 21 23 Hydronic Pumps 

23 23 00 Refrigerant Piping 

23 25 00 HVAC Water Treatment 

23 31 00 HVAC Ducts 

23 34 00 HVAC Fans 

23 36 00 Air Terminal Units 

23 37 00 Air Outlets And Inlets 

23 40 00 HVAC Air Cleaning Devices 

23 55 23 Gas Fired Radiant Heaters 

23 55 33 Fuel-Fired Unit Heaters 

23 64 00 Packaged Water Chillers 

23 81 00 Decentralized Unitary Hvac Equipment 

23 81 43 Air-Source Unitary Heat Pumps 

23 81 46 Water-Source Unitary Heat Pumps 

23 82 16 Air Coils 

23 83 23 Radiant-Heating Electric Panels 

- - - END - - - 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.7 PLUMBING DESIGN CRITERIA 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

TABLE-OF-CONTENTS 

1. CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA 

2. GENERAL 

3. EQUIPMENT SCHEDULES 

4. PLUMBING FIXTURES 

5. WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS 

6. DOMESTIC HOT WATER SYSTEMS 

7. DRINKING WATER EQUIPMENT 

8. SANITARY AND STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEMS 

9. SHOP COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEM 

10. RISER DIAGRAMS 

11. WATER SOFTENING SYSTEM 

12. CALCULATIONS AND ANALYSIS 

13. PLUMBING FIXTURE SCHEDULES 

14. SCHEDULE OF FLOOR DRAINS 

15. PLUMBING STANDARD DETAILS INDEX 

16. APPLICABLE PLUMBING MASTER SPECIFICATION INDEX

Plumbing Design Criteria Page 5-75
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.7 PLUMBING DESIGN CRITERIA 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

1. CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA:

 1.1 Refer to SECTION 5.11 GRAPHIC STANDARDS for general requirements and 

classification of drawings ("P-Series"). 

 1.2 Refer to VA Standard Details in the Technical Information Library, PG-18-4 for use 

of plumbing legend and symbols. 

 1.3 Show piping on the same plan as the fixtures being served. 

 1.4 Indicate pipe size on both floor plan and riser diagram. 

 1.5 Indicate the following on the plumbing drawings: 

 A. Drainage area in square meters (footage) and totals for building at outside 

building wall. 

 B. Fixture unit count for each sanitary sewer at outside building wall. 

 C. Invert elevations for all sewers at outside building wall. 

 D. Centerline elevation for all pressure systems at outside building wall. 

 E. Floor elevation at each level. 

 1.6 Install floor drains in all public toilets and the Maintenance Building Toilet/Locker 

Room, but not in other staff toilets. 

 1.7 Indicate sub-soil drainage on architectural drawings since it is not a plumbing item. 

 1.8 Investigate if credit can be obtained from the public utility company for water 

consumed, but not discharged into the sanitary sewerage system. If so provide 

meters for these users. An example of a user is the irrigation system. 

 1.9 Consolidate notes as much as possible and place them on the right-hand side of the 

sheet. 

 1.10 Show scale, compass point, orientation, key plan, title, column grids and numbers, 

room numbers and titles corresponding to the architectural drawings. 

 1.11 Show room titles and numbers on each plan. If this information is not shown it could 

result in rejection of the submission. 

1.12 Provide drawings generated in either AutoCAD© or Microstation©. 

Plumbing Design Criteria Page 5-76
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

1.13 Reduced flow plumbing fixtures shall be utilized for water reductions greater than 

30%. 

2. GENERAL:

 2.1 In the design of the plumbing systems, follow this criteria and the current edition of 

NCA Master Specifications. Also follow the provisions of the current edition at time 

of design of the International Plumbing Code as published by the International Code 

Council, and the National Fire Codes as published by the National Fire Protection 

Association (NFPA), unless VA criteria indicates otherwise. If state or local codes 

are more stringent than above requirements, discuss with VA Contracting Officer. 

 2.2 Investigate and if feasible, connect new services to existing; otherwise provide new 

services. 

 2.3 Place all equipment on housekeeping pads. 

 2.4 Due to the space requirements of plumbing systems and ductwork, closely 

coordinate the layout of these systems. Where areas of interference are apparent, 

prepare cross section of building showing method of installation. 

 2.5 Piping over electrical rooms containing main distribution panels or motor control 

centers shall be avoided. When piping is necessary in these areas, indicate 

leakage protection on drawings or in specifications. 

3. EQUIPMENT SCHEDULES: Schedules including capacity, control settings, services and 

sizes, for all plumbing equipment and other equipment requiring plumbing services are 

required but not limited to the following: 

 Plumbing Fixtures Air Compressors 

 Water Heaters Pumps 

4. PLUMBING FIXTURES:

 4.1 Plumbing fixture numbers, description, fixture units and minimum branch sizes are 

indicated in Article, PLUMBING FIXTURE SCHEDULES. 

 4.2 Locate plumbing fixtures where indicated by VA. In addition to the locations 

indicated, provide emergency showers and eye/face wash fixtures in hazardous 

areas such as pesticide storage, mixing areas, and flammable storage. 

 

 4.3 A. Wall mounted water closets Type P-103 and P-104 are the primary style to 

be used in public toilets, with battery powered Type 1 flush valves. 

 B. Floor mounted water closets Type P-101 and P-102 are to be used only as 

site specific requirements drive their use. Use battery powered Type 1 flush 

valves. 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 C. Floor mounted tank type water closets Type P-105 and P-106 are for use in 

non-public toilets but are not preferred. 

 4.4 Urinals shall be ultra high efficient, 0.5 L (1/8 gallon) per flush, with battery powered 

Type 4 flush valves. 

 4.5 Electric water coolers shall be bi-level, Type P-501 with self contained refrigeration 

system, or Type P-503 with in wall refrigeration system. Use bi-level freeze proof 

Type P-502 drinking fountains in exterior locations. 

 4.6 A. Toilet and urinal stall partitions and room entrance screens shall be stainless 

steel and ceiling hung. Room entrance screens that double as part of a toilet 

enclosure shall extend to the floor to provide full screening and shall be full 

height in typical stud construction with ceramic tile finish. 

 B. Urinal screen partitions shall be stainless steel. 

 C. Where wheelchair toilets, staff and visitors, are specified in PG 18-9, “OGC, 

VBA, NCA Space Planning Criteria”, use Architectural Barriers Act 

Accessibility Guidelines (ABAAG). 

 D. Shower enclosures and partitions of contiguous areas shall be ceramic tile 

applied with thin-set Portland cement to concrete reinforced backer board. 

 E. Finished floors of showers and contiguous spaces shall be nonslip. 

5. WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS: 

 5.1 See Article, PLUMBING FIXTURE SCHEDULES, for fixture units and minimum 

fixture branch sizes. 

 5.2 Size the piping for the hot and cold water systems not to exceed the maximum 

velocity allowed by the ICC International Plumbing Code. Provide water hammer 

arrestors on all piping systems having quick closing valves and as indicated by The 

Plumbing and Drainage Institute standard PDI-WH 201. 

 5.3 Provide wall hydrants a maximum of 60 m (200 feet) apart, at loading docks and at 

building entrances, with minimum of one wall hydrant on every other exterior wall. 

All exterior wall hydrants shall be freeze proof. 

 5.4 Provide one hydrant, either wall or yard, on the exterior of each of the Committal 

Service Shelters, the Assembly Area and Columbaria. 

 5.5 Maintain minimum 240 kPa (35 psig) at all plumbing fixtures. 

 5.6 Piping may be exposed in the following buildings and spaces: 

 A. Mechanical equipment rooms 

 B. Service rooms 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 C. Shop Buildings 

 D. Garages 

 E. Storage Buildings 

 5.7 In other spaces, conceal piping unless impracticable. 

 5.8 Do not locate piping where they will be subject to damage or rupture. 

6. DOMESTIC HOT WATER SYSTEMS:

 6.1 Provide simplex electrical or gas central heater with the capacity of generating the 

flow demand at 60C (140F). However, heater discharge shall be 54C (130F). A 

circulating system is not required unless specifically required by the ICC 

International Plumbing code. 

 6.2 Size heater based on 2007 ASHRAE APPLICATIONS, Chapter 49, Service Water 

Heating and fixture unit count indicated in Article, PLUMBING FIXTURE 

SCHEDULES. 

 6.3 Solar water heating can be utilized to comply with mandatory EPACT 2005 

requirements and sustainable design principles. The EPACT 2005 mandates that all 

new federal facilities shall reduce the energy cost budget by 30 percent compared 

to the baseline building performance rating per the American Society of Heating, 

Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 90.1-2004, 

Energy Standard for Buildings except Low-rise Residential Buildings or International 

Energy Conservation Code (IECC), and employ sustainable design principles. ALL 

NEW FEDERAL BUILDINGS WILL BE DESIGNED TO ACHIEVE ENERGY 

CONSUMPTION LEVELS THIRTY PERCENT BELOW THOSE OF THE CURRENT 

VERSION OF THE APPLICABLE ASHRAE STANDARD OR THE IECC. 

7. DRINKING WATER EQUIPMENT: Interior equipment shall be wall hung, electric, 

self-contained, wheelchair accessible, water coolers. Exterior units, when used, shall be 

dual height drinking fountains. 

8. SANITARY AND STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEMS: 

 8.1 See Article, PLUMBING FIXTURE SCHEDULES, for waste/vent fixture units and 

minimum fixture branch sizes. 

 

 8.2 Base storm frequency on local code. 

 8.3 Do not drain outside building sub-soil drain tile to an interior sump pump. If a pump 

is required, locate it outside of the building. 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 8.4 Provide interior roof drainpipes for all buildings having flat roofs except exterior 

gutters and downspouts may be used as follows: 

 A. Buildings up to three stories where lowest outside temperature is 0C (32F) 

or above. 

 B. Utility and warehouse buildings. 

 C. Isolated buildings remotely located from storm sewerage system. 

 D. Buildings with pitched roofs. 

 E. Where additions or alterations are made to buildings having exterior gutters 

and downspouts. 

 F. Unheated buildings. 

 G. Snow guards shall be provided on pitched roofs of heated buildings above 

entrances and foundation plantings in geographical areas subject to heavy 

rainfall. 

9. SHOP COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEM: Provide simplex air compressor to serve 

maintenance equipment, minimum of one outlet on each interior wall of maintenance bay 

and workshop, and minimum of one exterior outlet on overhead door wall. Interior outlets 

shall be no farther apart than 7.6 m (25 feet). 

10. RISER DIAGRAMS:

 10.1 Riser diagrams are required for the following systems installed within the buildings: 

Soil, waste and vent; cold water; hot water; and fuel gas. 

 10.2 Riser diagrams may be shown flat or in isometric projection. Diagrams include story 

heights, size of all horizontal and vertical piping, fixture numbers being served, and 

means of connection between fixtures and the stacks and mains. Each system 

shall be complete and continuous. 

11. WATER SOFTENING SYSTEM:

 11.1 Softeners: Design simplex vertical, pressure type, sodium cycle water softeners to 

comply with the following and NCA Master Specifications 22 31 11, WATER 

SOFTENERS. Regeneration shall occur no more than once per day. Provide 

hardwater bypass. 

 11.2 Provide softening equipment when total hardness exceeds 170 mg/L [parts per 

million (ppm)] as CaCO3. Blend equipment effluent to a hardness of approximately 

50 mg/L (ppm). Do not treat irrigation water. 

 11.3 Designate interior floor space for 180 kg (400 pounds) of salt near softener. 

Plumbing Design Criteria Page 5-80
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

12. CALCULATIONS AND ANALYSIS:

 12.1 Calculations are required for the following systems and equipment: 

 Soil, Waste and Vent Hot Water Generation Air Compressors 

 Storm Drainage Domestic Water Water Softening 

 Pumps Fuel Gas 

 

 12.2 Determine if it is necessary to install insulation on the domestic water and horizontal 

storm drainage piping for the prevention of condensation. 

 

 12.3 Develop a water analysis, including pH, total hardness as CaCO3, total dissolved 

solids, and alkalinity. 

13. PLUMBING FIXTURE SCHEDULES: Use the following data for design of water and 

drainage systems, in conjunction with and superseding data found in the reference 

plumbing code. Fixtures are described in Master Specification 22 40 00, Plumbing Fixtures 

 13.1 FIXTURE UNITS: 

P-No. DESCRIPTION DRAIN SUPPLY 

 CW HW TOTAL

101, 

102 

103, 

104 

Water Closet, 

Floor Mnt'd 

Water Closet, 

Wall Hung 

4 10 - 10 

105, Water Closet, 

Tank type, Floor Mnt’d 

4 5 5 

201, 

202, 

Urinal, Wall Hung 

Urinal, Wall Hung, Handicapped 

2 5 - 5 

301, 

302, 

303, 

304, 

305, 

403 

Lavatory 1 1.5 1.5 2 

404, 

405 

Service Sink 2 2.25 2.25 3 

401, 

402 

Sink, CRS 2 1 1 1.4 

501, 

502 

Two Station Electric Water Cooler, and Drinking 

Fountain 

1 0.5 - 0.5 

503 Drinking Fountain 0.5 0.25 - 0.25 

601 Shower 2 3.0 3.0 4.0 

801 Wall Hydrant - - - - 

802 Hose Bibb - - - - 

803 Lawn Faucet - - - - 

804 Flower Watering Station Spigot 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 13.2 MINIMUM FIXTURE BRANCH SIZES (mm): 

 DESCRIPTION SUPPLY 

WP VP CW HW 

101, 

102 

103, 

104 

Water Closet, Flush Valve, 

Floor Mnt'd 

Water Closet, Flush Valve, 

Wall Mnt'd 

100 50 25 - 

105, 

106 

Water Closet, Tank Type 100 50 15 - 

201, 

202 

Urinal (Regular) 

Urinal (Handicapped) 

50 50 20 - 

301, 

302, 

303, 

304, 

305, 

403 

Lavatory 50 40 15 15 

404, 

405 

Service Sink 80 50 20 20 

401, 

402 

Sink, CRS 50 40 15 15 

501, 

502, 

503 Electric Water Cooler, Drinking Fountain 40 40 15 - 

601 Shower 50 40 15 15 

801 Wall Hydrant - - 20 - 

802 Hose Bibb - - 20 - 

803 Lawn Faucet - - 25 - 

804 Flower Watering Station Spigot 20 

 SI Conversions: 15 mm = 1/2", 20 mm = 3/4", 25 mm = 1", 

 40 mm = 1 1/2", 50 mm = 2", 80 mm = 3", and 100 mm = 4" 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

14. SCHEDULE OF FLOOR DRAINS: Indicate size and type of all floor drains on the plans 

and diagrams. See NCA Master Specifications 22 13 00, FACILITY SANITARY 

SEWERAGE, for floor drain descriptions. 

 (mm) 

Location Type Size Sewer Remarks

 Areaway B 80 (3”) ST 

 Mechanical Room E 100 (4”) S 1/2 grate when 

 adjacent to equip. 

 Vehicle Wash Area C 100 (4”) S 

 Maintenance Bay A 100 (4”) S 

 Boot Wash (interior) A 80 (3”) S 

 Public Toilets B 50 (2”) S 

 Locker Room/Toilet Room B 50 (2”) S 

 Legend: 

 S = Sanitary Sewer 

 ST = Storm Sewer 

 Types: 

 A and B-CI W/NB Grate 

 C-CI W/NB Grate and Sediment Bucket 

 D-CI W/NB Grate and Funnel 

 E- Floor Sink 

 NOTES: 

1. Floor drains for general floor drainage are located by architect. Use Type "B" in finished 

 areas. 

 2. The Vehicle Wash Area floor drain will connect to the recycling equipment. 

15. PLUMBING STANDARD DETAILS INDEX: Obtain a copy of the Standard Details, PG-18-

4 and use the applicable details for the project after doing the necessary editing work. 

 TITLE NUMBER

 PIPE PENETRATION THROUGH WALLS BELOW GRADE SD220511-01 

 PLUMBING ABBREVIATIONS SD220511-02 

 PLUMBING ABBREVIATIONS SD220511-03 

 PLUMBING ABBREVIATIONS SD220511-04 

 DRAWING SYMBOLS SD220511-05 

 PLUMBING PIPING SYMBOLS SD220511-06 

 GENERAL PLUMBING SYMBOLS SD220511-07 

 PLUMBING VALVE SYMBOLS SD220511-08 

 BACKFLOW PREVENTER PIPING DETAIL SD221100-01 

 HUB DRAIN STANDPIPE SD221300-02 

 WHEELCHAIR LAVATORY DETAIL SD224000-08 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

Plumbing Design Criteria Page 5-84

 INSTALLATION OF HANGER SUPPORT FOOT SD224000-20 

 INSTALLATION OF HANGER ROD SUPPORT FOOT SD224000-21 

 LAVATORY MOUNTING DETAIL SD224000-22 

16. APPLICABLE PLUMBING MASTER SPECIFICATION INDEX: Use the latest edition of 

NCA Master Specifications designated for use on only NCA Projects. 

SECTION TITLE

 DIVISION 22-PLUMBING

22 05 11 Common Work Results for Plumbing 

22 05 12 General Motor Requirements for Plumbing Equipment 

22 05 19 Meters and Gages for Plumbing Piping 

22 05 23 General Duty Valves for Plumbing Piping 

22 05 33 Heat Tracing for Plumbing Piping 

22 11 00 Facility Water Distribution 

22 11 23 Domestic Water Pumps 

22 12 16 Facility Elevated, Potable-Water Storage Tanks 

22 13 00 Facility Sanitary Sewerage 

22 13 23 Sanitary Waste Interceptors 

22 13 29 Sanitary Sewerage Pumps 

22 13 33 Packaged, Submersible Sewerage Pump Units 

22 13 36 Packaged, Wastewater Pump Units 

22 14 00 Facility Storm Drainage 

22 14 29 Sump Pumps 

22 14 33 Packaged, Pedestal Drainage Pump Units 

22 14 36 Packaged, Submersible, Drainage Pump Units 

22 15 00 General Service Compressed-Air Systems 

22 31 11 Water Softeners 

22 33 00 Electric Domestic Water Heaters 

22 34 00 Fuel-Fired Domestic Water Heaters 

22 40 00 Plumbing Fixtures 

- - - END - - - 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.8 ELECTRICAL DESIGN CRITERIA 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

TABLE-OF-CONTENTS 

1. CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA 

2. GENERAL 

3. PROTECTIVE DEVICE STUDY 

4. RACEWAYS 

5. WIRING AND EQUIPMENT 

6. RECEPTACLE AND POWER REQUIREMENTS 

7. ELECTRICAL SUB-METERING 

8. LIGHTING 

9. FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS 

10. TELEPHONE SYSTEMS 

11. ADP SYSTEMS 

12. SECURITY SYSTEMS 

13. ALTERATIONS TO EXISTING BUILDINGS 

14. ELECTRICAL STANDARD DETAILS INDEX 

15. APPLICABLE ELECTRICAL MASTER SPECIFICATIONS INDEX

Electrical Design Criteria Page 5-85 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.8 ELECTRICAL DESIGN CRITERIA 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

1. CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA: 

 1.1 Refer to SECTION 5.11 GRAPHIC STANDARDS for general requirements and 

classification of drawings ("E-Series"): 

 A. Consolidate notes as much as possible and place them on the right-hand 

side of the sheet. 

B. Show scale, compass point, orientation, key plan, title, column grids and 

numbers, room numbers and titles corresponding to the architectural 

drawings. 

C. Show room titles and numbers on each plan. If this information is not shown 

 it could result in rejection of the submission. 

D. Provide drawings generated in either AutoCAD© or Microstation©. 

 E. For areas such as electrical rooms/closets and mechanical equipment 

rooms, use larger scale part plans for improved clarity. 

 F. Show the number of wires in each branch circuit conduit on the plans. 

Include the number of wires in all interconnecting conduits for all wiring 

devices, fixtures and equipment. Use tick marks as per the electrical 

symbols shown in Standard Details. 

 G. Sequence of Electrical Drawings: 

 1) Symbols and abbreviations. 

 2) Electrical site plan/s. 

 3) Lighting drawings. 

 4) Power drawings. 

 5) Signal or other drawings (if applicable). 

 6) One-line diagrams and risers. 

 7) Details. 

 8) Schedules. 

 H. Provide separate floor plans for lighting, power, and signal systems. The 

systems may be combined on projects with a minimum number of devices. 

 I. Show room titles and numbers on each plan. If this information is not shown 

it could result in rejection of the submission. 

Electrical Design Criteria Page 5-86 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 1.2 Proprietary Indication: Do not use trade names or other indications tending to 

identify a product of an individual manufacturer on any project, unless specifically 

approved, and except as follows: 

 A. Where necessary to identify existing equipment. 

 B. Where an existing system is to be extended and competitive manufacturers 

cannot meet performance or dimensional requirements. 

 C. Where required by a public utility or municipal system as a condition of its 

services. Specifications should state this condition. 

2. GENERAL: 

 2.1 This Criteria is presented as general guidance. It is for the guidance of electrical 

engineers and others in the design and renovation of NCA facilities for the 

Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). In order to provide the latitude needed for 

design, new concepts, etc., deviations may be made from the technical 

requirements provided professional judgment is made that a safe, adequate, quality 

design will result, and approval is obtained from VA. Deviations from those 

requirements included in Public laws, Federal Regulations, Executive Orders, and 

similar regulations are not permitted. 

 2.2 Responsibility: The designer is responsible for the project design in accordance 

with his contract, guidance and criteria provided by VA, and good engineering 

practices. The designer shall provide all professional services for planning and 

designing the electrical work necessary for the project including interface with the 

utility company and preparation of the necessary bidding documents. 

 2.3 Coordination: Coordinate the electrical design work with the architectural, 

structural, site, and mechanical design. 

 2.4 Design the electrical systems following this criteria, and the current edition of VA 

Construction Standards, VA Handbooks and Program Guides, and NCA Master 

Specifications. Design shall also meet the provisions of the current editions of the 

National Fire Codes as published by the National Fire Protection Association 

(NFPA), unless VA criteria indicates otherwise. 

 2.5 Applicable VA criteria affecting electrical design and construction are as follows: 

 * Consultants Notice: Many of the documents are large and contain 

interdisciplinary information and might be retained by the lead Architect. 

Contact your Architect for copies of the electrical portions. 

 A. Program Guide PG-18-1, NCA Master Specifications, Electrical 

Specifications (26 00 00 series) are mandatory for use on all electrical 

projects. See Article 15. 

 B. Program Guide PG-18-4, Standard Details are for reference purposes only. 

Volume 4 contains these electrical details, schedules and symbols. See 

Article 14. 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 C. Program Guide 7610, Equipment Guide List provides equipment required on 

a room by room basis. Certain equipment is furnished or installed by the VA. 

References such as VV, VC, and CC, which are defined in the handbook 

shall be noted and appropriately followed in the design. References are also 

made to locations of additional information. 

 D. Program Guide PG-18-5, Equipment Guide List provides detail description of 

equipment using standard VA equipment numbers. Descriptions give the 

voltage, amperes, power, etc. 

 E. Program Guide PG-18-15, Volume D, A/E Submission Instructions for 

National Cemetery Projects. 

 2.6 Applicable Codes and Standards: 

 A. Unless otherwise indicated by VA criteria for NCA projects, use the latest 

edition of all codes, regulations and standards, including amendments, of 

the following organizations: 

 1) National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). Particular attention to 

NFPA 20, 70, 72, 78, 101 and 110. 

 2) Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc. (UL). 

 3) Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). 

 4) National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA). 

 5) American National Standards Institute (ANSI). 

 6) American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM). 

 7) Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IES). 

 8) National Fire Codes 

 9) Uniform Building Code 

 10) OSHA Standards 

 B. Bring provisions of local building codes which are significantly different from 

the codes and standards listed in 'A' above to the attention of the Project 

Manager. Provide specific recommendations concerning these local codes. 

 C. Follow the rules and regulations of the local electric company, where 

applicable. Investigate potential rebates, etc., offered by the local electric 

company for the use of energy saving devices. (See "Instruction to 

Architect-Engineer Concerning Development of Utilities and other Site 

Facility Resources......." in the A/E package). 

 2.7 Provide all the necessary electrical facilities for the project. The work will include, 

but is not limited to, new power source connections, primary or secondary power 

distribution, emergency electrical systems, lighting systems, receptacles and power 

connections for all equipment, fire alarm, telephone and other required signal 

systems. 

 2.8 Use the Equipment Guide List (PG-18-5) and A/E Submission Instruction 

(PG-18-15, Volume D). 

Electrical Design Criteria Page 5-88 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 2.9 Visit the site to ascertain and verify all existing conditions which will affect the 

design. Verify the use and accuracy of "as-built" drawings at the time of the site 

visit. 

 2.10 Investigate the lightning protection system requirements for the new building. 

Evaluate the need for lightning protection. 

 A. For lightning protection, follow the Lightning Protection Code, NFPA No. 78, 

and the National Electric Code, NFPA No. 70, published by the National Fire 

Protection Association. 

 B. Evaluate the risk of loss due to lightning and local practices to determine the 

need for lightning protection. 

 2.11 Investigate the existing electrical distribution system and determine the adequacy of 

the system concerning the addition of the new loads. Inform the electric utility 

company of the new service requirements or additional loads being added for this 

project. Copies of all correspondence and minutes of all meetings with the utility 

company's representatives shall be forwarded to the Project Manager, VA Central 

Office. VA Central Office will accomplish any negotiations for new or changes to the 

existing utility services. 

 2.12 Design Requirements: 

 A. Provide the following for underground utility services to the 

Administration/Maintenance Complex and Remote Buildings: 

 1) Power: Minimum of 2 - 4" PVC conduits (1 active, 1 spare). If more 

active conduits are required, insure that at least 1-4” empty conduit is 

provided as a spare. 

 2) Telephone: 1 - 2" PVC (Direct burial cabling should be considered). 

 3) Data: 1 - 2" PVC (Direct burial cabling should be considered). 

 4) Other: 1 - 2" PVC spare. 

 5) Nylon pull string in each spare. 

 B. Use 3 phase motors for motors 1/2 HP and above. Specify 200 volt motors 

for 208 volt systems, 460 volt motors for 480 volt systems. 

 C. Show on the plans schedules for switchboards and panelboards using VA 

standard formats. Indicate, on the schedules, the connected and demand 

loads for each circuit, with the total per phase. Also show front elevation 

views of switchboards. 

 D. Locate all equipment to facilitate removal in the event of equipment failure. 

This also includes large equipment such as transformers. 

 E. Provide an equipment grounding conductor with each circuit. 

Electrical Design Criteria Page 5-89 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 F. Show in detail, special equipment spaces, such as electrical equipment 

rooms/closets and mechanical rooms on 1:50 (1/4-inch) scale floor plans. 

 G. Show on the plans, diagrams of the following systems: 

 1) Primary service and system distribution (one line diagram) 

 2) Secondary system distribution (riser diagram). 

 3) Fire Alarm System (riser diagram). 

 4) Telephone, MATV, computer, and other signal systems (riser 

diagrams). 

 H. Indicate the following information on the power riser diagrams or in 

applicable schedules: 

 1) Size and voltage characteristics of transformer. 

 2) Size of feeders (cable and raceway sizes). 

 3) Size of motors and other loads. 

 4) Interrupting rating of circuit breakers. 

 I. Show the architectural smoke partitions on the signal plans. Identify each 

fire alarm zone. 

 J. Design Calculations: Prepare load, demand, voltage drop, lighting, short 

circuit, and motor starting calculations for each project to substantiate the 

design. 

 K. Specifications: 

 1) NCA Master Specifications have been developed for most electrical 

work. Where applicable, edit and use them in preparing the project 

specifications. 

 2) Develop specifications for any system or equipment required for 

which a NCA Master Specifications is not available. The system or 

equipment specified must be available from at least three 

manufacturers. 

3. PROTECTIVE DEVICE STUDY: Prepare and submit to VA, short circuit calculations to 

justify selection of equipment for the project. 

4. RACEWAYS:

 4.1 General: All wiring shall be contained in raceways. 

 4.2 Concealed and Exposed: 

 A. Locate electrical conduits in compliance with the National Fire Codes, 

Uniform Building Code, and OSHA Standards. Bring provisions of local 

building codes which are significantly different from the VA listed governing 

codes by the architect engineer. 

Electrical Design Criteria Page 5-90 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 B. Electrical conduits may be exposed in the following buildings and spaces, 

unless finished ceilings are present: 

 1) Storage Buildings 

 2) Mechanical equipment rooms 

 3) Service rooms 

 4) Shop buildings 

 5) Garages 

 C. Electrical conduits may be exposed in electrical rooms and wire closets 

(electric, telephone, and signal). 

 D. Electrical conduits may be placed in concrete floors and walls. 

 E. Locate vertical runs in pipe spaces, pipe chases, or in furred-in space, 

preferably adjacent to permanent structures. 

 F. Do not locate electrical conduits where they will be subjected to damage or 

rupture. Where unavoidable conditions require that they will be so located, 

provide suitable protection. 

 G. Metal clad cable (type MC) is not acceptable for use. 

 4.3 Underground Ducts and Conduits: Generally, encase underground ducts and 

conduits in concrete. Under buildings and roads, direct burial conduit may be used 

for feeder and branch circuits where not exposed to risks of damage or difficult 

replacement. 

5. WIRING AND EQUIPMENT:

 5.1 Cable and Wiring: 

 A. Power and Lighting: Use No. 12 minimum size for 600 V (volts) or less. 

Sizes No. 10 and 12 shall be solid conduit, sizes No. 8 and larger shall be 

stranded. 

 B. Signal: Refer to Article 10 and 11 for telephone and ADP cabling. 

 C. Metal clad cable (Type MC) is not acceptable for use. 

 5.2 Insulation: Coordinate with NCA Master Specifications. 

 5.3 Equipment Grounding Conductors: Coordinate with NCA Master Specifications and 

show on the plans. 

 5.4 Motor Disconnect Switches: Provide all motors with a local disconnect switch 

located at the motor or Within sight of the motor, in accordance with the National 

Electrical Code. Clearly indicate this requirement on the contract drawings. 

Electrical Design Criteria Page 5-91 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

6. RECEPTACLE AND POWER REQUIREMENTS: 

 6.1 General: This article establishes specific requirements for the selection of electrical 

receptacles and power circuits by the designer on the basis of location and service. 

The term "receptacle" refers to power receptacles except where signal types are 

specifically indicated. Provide polarized receptacles which accept attachment plugs 

having separate grounding prongs. Provide safety receptacles, isolated ground 

receptacles, weatherproof receptacles, ground fault interrupter receptacles or other 

special purpose receptacles as required in this document. All receptacles shall be 

duplex (NEMA #5-20) unless otherwise noted or not commercially available in a 

particular size. All installations shall be in accordance with the National Electrical 

Code requirements. 

 6.2 Applications: The following provides the specific receptacle and power 

requirements for each area or type of service: 

 A. EXTERIOR ELECTRICAL RECEPTACLES: Provide exterior weatherproof 

GFI receptacles at appropriate locations such as follows: 

 1) Major entrances to buildings. 

 2) Courtyards and enclosed (or partially enclosed) garden areas. 

 3) Loading docks and maintenance yards. 

 4) Major mechanical equipment enclosures. 

 5) Major service equipment enclosures. 

 6) Flag/Assembly Area for portable sound equipment. 

 

 B. AC POWER IN CEMETERY - COMMITTAL SHELTERS: Provide AC power 

by two units each consisting of a ground fault interrupter with a heavy-duty, 

general use, receptacle wired to it and housed in common cast metal, 

weatherproof box with gasketed cover. Cover shall include permanently 

attached caps. Each unit shall be wired to a separate 20A, 1P circuit 

breaker from the nearest source. Install both units at the same centralized 

location in the committal shelter. Utilize 5 #12's in 19 mm (3/4 inch) coated 

rigid steel conduit or IMC buried a minimum of 600 mm (24 inches) in 

general and 750 mm (30 inches) under roads or paved areas. Identify 

conduit location with plastic marker tape. For distances beyond 30 m (100 

feet), consider using larger conductors to keep voltage drops not to exceed 

values as described in the National Electrical Code, or consider a 480 volt 

feeder with a step-down transformer and branch circuit protection. 

 C. CORRIDORS: Provide receptacles for cleaning machines. The receptacles 

shall be no more than 23 m (75 feet) apart. These receptacles shall be on a 

dedicated circuit serving only corridor receptacles. 

 D. OFFICES AND ADMINISTRATIVE AREAS: Provide receptacles with 

spacing not to exceed 3000 mm (10 feet) as measured around the floor line, 

excluding doorways. All linear wall space 1500 mm (5 feet) and longer shall 

have at least one receptacle. Provide a 120-volt quadraplex receptacle for 

each work station. Connect 1 duplex on a dedicated circuit for computer 

Electrical Design Criteria Page 5-92 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

equipment (maximum 3 per circuit) for each workstation. Receptacles for 

large administrative rooms may be installed in underfloor raceways. 

 E. ELECTRICAL CLOSETS: Provide a receptacle with its centerline located 

1000 mm (40 inches) above the finished floor adjacent to the room door. 

 F. TELEPHONE/SIGNAL CLOSETS: Provide 19 mm (3/4") thick fire retardant 

plywood on rear wall for mounting data and telephone equipment. Provide a 

120 V (volt) quadraplex receptacle for data equipment and one duplex 

receptacle with its centerline located 450 mm (18 ") above finished floor 

below plywood backboard, for telephone equipment. 

 G. GROUND FAULT INTERRUPTER RECEPTACLES: Provide GFI 

receptacles (or those protected thereby) at all lavatory-mirror locations in 

toilets. Also provide GFI receptacles for all exterior locations. 

 6.3 Sound Retarding Provisions for Resisting Sound Transmission: Use sealing 

compound to fill the annular spaces between all receptacle boxes and the partition 

finish material through which the boxes protrude in stud-framed partitions. Do not 

locate receptacles on opposite sides of the stud-framed partitions in the same 

stud-space. 

7. ELECTRICAL SUB-METERING:

 7.1 The Department of Energy Guidelines for Building Plans; Title 10, Code of Federal 

Regulations, Part 436 entitled "Federal Energy Management and Planning 

Programs", paragraph 436.51(a)(1), requires the metering of energy in new Federal 

Buildings. 

 7.2 Scope and Purpose: Provide individual electrical sub-metering equipment to record 

consumption of electrical energy in each building for economic analyses and 

checking energy conversion measures. 

 A. Install sub-metering equipment with the building's service entrance 

equipment. 

 B. Provide indicating type kilowatt-hour meter at the low voltage switchboard to 

measure electrical energy consumption. 

8. LIGHTING:

 8.1 Intent: This article covers the lighting requirements for VA cemetery facilities. 

Where lighting situations are encountered which are not covered by this article, 

exercise good engineering judgment. 

 8.2 Standards: 

 A. IES Lighting Handbook 

 B. NFPA 101, Life Safety Code 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 C. NFPA 70, National Electrical Code 

 

 8.3 Lighting Calculations: 

 A. Perform all lighting calculations based on the IES applications. (See IES 

Lighting Handbook). All calculations shall use one or more of the techniques 

described. 

 B. Include the following information in all submitted calculations: 

 1) Room Name 

 2) Room Number 

 3) Fixture type chosen for the room 

 4) Number and type of lamps to be used in the room 

 5) Required illumination level (VA or IES) 

 6). Calculated illumination level 

 8.4 Details and Specifications: 

 A. Provide a schedule for all lighting fixtures. As a minimum the schedule shall 

include the following: Fixture type, description, voltage, mounting, number, 

and size of lamps and notes. Other information for the lighting fixtures (such 

as metal thickness, construction , finishes, etc.) shall be included in the 

specifications. As an option, lighting fixture details may be included on the 

drawings. All fixture details are subject to the approval of the NCA team 

reviewers. 

 B. Use NCA Master Specifications. Edit each section for the particular 

application. Do not use manufacturer's names or model numbers in any 

specification. 

 1) Section 26 51 00, Interior Lighting. 

 2) Section 26 56 00, Exterior Lighting. 

 8.5 Design Approach: 

 A. The designer is expected to be knowledgeable of all current lighting design 

requirements included in the IES, NFPA and the NEC. Note any 

requirements which deviate from VA's standards for NCA projects and/or 

design guides and bring them to VA's attention. When such deviations 

occur, provide recommendations which are applicable to that specific 

project. 

 B. The designer is encouraged to inform VA and request approval for the 

implementation of any different, new or improved lighting products and/or 

systems which may be beneficial to VA in providing more suitable lighting, 

more energy efficient lighting or other cost savings. 

Electrical Design Criteria Page 5-94 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 C. The designer shall provide an analysis and a recommendation concerning 

the possible use of Specular Reflector Light Fixtures (SRLF) at the S2 

(schematic) submission. 

 1) The analysis shall compare the installation of standard fluorescent 

fixtures (without specular reflectors) with those which include 

specular reflectors. Determine the cost effectiveness of the specular 

reflector light fixtures by initial cost and energy consumption 

comparisons and any other applicable method(s). 

 2) The fixture and reflector must be a standard product with published 

photometric characteristics from at least three manufacturers. 

 3) The areas of consideration shall be corridors, offices and any other 

areas where non-uniform lighting would be acceptable. Provide 

typical calculations if adequate to make the comparisons. 

 8.6 Light Sources: 

 A. Avoid the use of incandescent light sources for general illumination except in 

pipe basements, small closets, lobbies, and special requirement areas. 

Compact fluorescent lamps may be used in lieu of incandescent where 

appropriate. 

 B. Use fluorescent lamps as the principal interior lighting source. 

 C. Utilize high intensity discharge (HID) sources for large interior utility spaces 

having relatively high ceilings or where maintenance is difficult (i.e. 

mechanical equipment rooms.) Metal Halide is preferable. 

 D. Utilize F32T8 (32 watts only) rapid start, fluorescent lamps with a color 

temperature of 3500 degrees K, a color rendering index (CIE) not less than 

69 and an initial lumen output of 3050 minimum. 

 8.7 Ballasts: 

 A. Specify electronic high-frequency type ballasts for all fluorescent lighting that 

utilizes type F32T8 lamps. 

 8.8 Fixtures: 

 A. Specify fixtures having high efficiency (output/bare lamp lumens) where 

practicable within the visual constraints dictated by the application. 

 B. Specify fixture types which utilize controlling elements (lenses, louvers, 

reflectors, etc.) designed to provide the best utilization of emitted light at the 

task location. Use parabolic louver equipped fixtures in office areas, and 

similar spaces where CRT equipment is generally used. 

 C. In addition to two-lamp and four-lamp fluorescent fixtures, utilize three-lamp 

fixtures as required to tailor the lighting design closer to the required 

illumination levels. 

Electrical Design Criteria Page 5-95 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 D. Exit Fixtures: 

 1) Provide exit light fixtures in accordance with NFPA 101, Life Safety 

Code, and the following: 

 a. Fixture types will consist of top-mounted, end-mounted, 

surface-mounted, or recessed as applicable for the project. 

 b. Fixtures shall be illuminated by the use of fluorescent lamps 

or LEDs. 

 2) Indicate double faced fixtures and/or directional arrows on the 

drawings where required. 

 8.9 Lighting Layouts: 

 A. Use VA lighting level requirements as design values and not as minimums. 

The designer should attempt to select the number of lamps and the fixture 

type given the specific finishes being specified in each area to ensure 

lighting designs will produce the intended lighting levels. 

 B. The following rule applies to offices and similar spaces with non-fixed task 

locations where a 64.584 LX (60 foot-candle) or greater lighting level is 

required. Position ends of fluorescent fixtures (or rows) within 750 mm 

(2-1/2 feet) of abutting walls, selecting fixture and lamp quantities to provide 

the required lighting level. 

 C. Omit lighting fixtures from established general lighting layouts which are 

non-task areas and which contribute little to the illumination of task areas. 

This may include aisle space or other traffic locations such as in front of 

doorways. Generally, for rooms over 9.2 m2

 (100 square feet) in area, if a 

door swing arc intercepts a lighting fixture on the floor plans, the fixture 

should be omitted. 

 D. In shops and similar areas having work tables and benches, run continuous 

rows of three-lamp fluorescent fixtures centered over the front edge of 

wall-mounted benches and crosswise to double-sided benches. This 

procedure should take precedence over the ceiling system orientation. Omit 

or reduce the quantity of fixtures over open floor areas. 

 E. Provide recessed fluorescent fixtures at wall along mirror in all toilets. A 

version using two 30 watt or two 32 watt lamps is appropriate. The fixture 

length need not be confined to the width of the mirror and should be sized to 

double as general illumination in the case of small toilets. If a shower is 

included, a ceiling light should be installed also. 

 F. In storage, shelf, or bin areas, mount fixtures in rows lengthwise over aisles 

between rows of shelves to make the most efficient use of the lighting. In 

areas over 37 m2

 (400 sq. ft.) where stack or shelving row locations are not 

known or reasonably permanent, consider running continuous fixture rows at 

45 degrees to the general room dimensions coordinating the layout with the 

ceiling system design. 

Electrical Design Criteria Page 5-96 
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 G. Special lighting treatment of decorative areas such as lobbies, waiting 

rooms, patios, etc., for architectural purposes shall be conservative and 

limited to efficiently controlled light sources which are intended for use only 

on special occasions or to double as general illumination. Decorative 

lighting of exterior areas is not permitted except where it is incidental to a 

functional lighting system. The use of compact fluorescent or HID lamps 

should be considered. 

 H. Corridor lighting energy levels generally shall not exceed one (1) watt per 

square foot. This would allow consideration for special areas such as public 

corridors, lobbies or entrances to the building. 

 I. Lighting for main gates, flagpoles, and committal shelters shall meet the 

needs of the specific project. 

 8.10 Control: 

 A. Where fixtures are used which have three, four, or more lamps, switch the 

fixture lamps symmetrically for two (or three) lighting levels. 

 B. If large window areas are present, switch fixture (or fixture rows) nearest to 

the window separately. 

 C. Provide three or four-way switching of all room lights where two or 

three-room entrances are not immediately adjacent to each other. 

 D. Provide occupant sensor (ultrasonic/infrared) controls for room lights in 

public toilets and similar spaces. Include a conventional wall switch at doors 

to provide override "OFF" and active "OFF-ON" functioning. 

 E. Control exterior lighting by photoelectric controls and overriding astronomical 

time switches. Some security lighting must be retained. 

 F. In relatively large, infrequently used rooms or areas such as crawl spaces, 

attics, etc., where lights can be left on unnoticed, provide a pilot light outside 

the area which indicates when the lights are on. 

 8.11 Wet and Damp Locations: Provide "Enclosed and Gasketed" lighting fixtures in 

showers and similar areas of high humidity to insure proper fixture operation and 

longevity. 

 8.12 Exterior Light Sources: 

 A. Utilize metal halide light sources for exterior lighting. 

 B. Where a specific detail is to be highlighted (i.e. a Flag), use a halogen 

source. 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 8.13 Exterior Fixtures: 

 A. Where there are existing exterior fixtures, match them if possible. 

 B. On new work where there are no existing fixtures, provide a schedule for all 

lighting fixtures used for the project. 

 8.14 Exterior Fixture Control: 

 A. Use photoelectric sensors and/or astronomical time clocks as appropriate for 

each application. 

9. FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS:

 9.1 General Requirements: 

 A. Investigate and provide a fire alarm system to meet the requirements of 

NFPA. 

 B. Fire alarm system may be a manual non-coded, audible/visual type system 

with a tie-in to the local municipal fire alarm system. 

10. TELEPHONE SYSTEMS:

 10.1 Requirements: 

 A. Investigate and provide facilities (underground conduits) as required for the 

installation of the telephone service. See Article 2. 

 B. Provide a minimum 19 mm (3/4") conduit and outlet box with a triple phone 

jack (one RJ 11 and two RJ 45) at each workstation in each building where 

required. Install junction box above ceiling for drops to printers. Provide 

conduit and outlet box with one phone jack (RJ 11) in the main telephone 

closet. 

 C. Provide incoming telephone cabling as required to accommodate one line 

per workstation, fax lines, and spares from local telephone company point of 

connection to the main telephone closet of the Administration/Maintenance 

Complex. Refer to Article 2.12 for incoming conduit requirements. 

 1) Provide one Category 6 telephone cable - 19 gauge/standard color 

code cable between the Administration/Maintenance Complex (main 

telephone closet) and Remote Buildings to accommodate one line 

per workstation plus spares. 

 2) Provide one Category 6 telephone cable - 19 gauge/standard color 

code/ 2 pair, labeled "T" between telephone closet and each 

workstation. 

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NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

11. AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING (ADP) SYSTEMS: 

 11.1 Requirements: 

 A. Investigate and provide facilities (underground conduits as required for the 

installation of the ADP service. See Article 2. 

 B. Install data service cabling in the same conduit with telephone wiring to each 

workstation within the building. The incoming data lines and lines between 

buildings shall be installed in separate conduits. 

 C. Provide incoming data cabling as required to accommodate two lines per 

workstation (one High Speed digital circuit) from the local company point of 

connection to the main telephone closet of the Administration/ Maintenance 

Complex. Refer to Article 2.12 for incoming conduit requirements. 

 1) Provide the following cables between the Administration Building 

(main telephone closet) and the Maintenence Building (two lines per 

workstation): 

 a. Distances less than 100 m (300 linear feet): 10 Baset, UTP 

level 5, 24 AWG plenum 4 pair cable. 

 b. Distances less than 2 km (1.24 miles) multimode fiber cable, 

2 strand, 62.5 x 1.25 microns. 

 2) Provide one Category 65 cable - 100 Baset, UTP Level 5, 24 AWG 

plenum 4 pair cable, labeled "P1, P2, P3..." between computer 

printer and each workstation (maximum 7 workstation connections to 

a printer). Provide 19 mm (3/4") conduit, with outlet box as 

appropriate for the number of workstations connected to each printer, 

between each workstation and printer. 

12. SECURITY SYSTEMS: 

 12.1 Requirements; 

 A. Provide a motion detection system for the following: 

 1) Entrances to all buildings 

 2) Information Center Lobby (If separate from Administration Building) 

 3) Maintenance Yard(s) (Personnel entrances) 

 4) Administrative Offices 

 B. Provide a single control panel with annunciator from each motion detector. 

 C. Install all wiring in conduits (minimum 19 mm (3/4")). Provide conduit and 

wiring from control panel to the main telephone closet and make provisions 

for tie-in to a local alarm monitoring company. 

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13. ALTERATIONS TO EXISTING BUILDINGS:

 13.1 Application: 

 A. This article applies to the design of projects involving the construction of 

alterations to existing buildings, and secondary distribution upgrading. 

 13.2 Calculations: 

 A. Submit calculations indicating complete load analysis of the areas involved 

in the alterations and the pertinent impact on existing building transformer 

and feeders. 

 B. Calculations shall indicate a breakdown of lighting and power, connected 

loads, demands and other factors used by the designer to determine 

equipment ratings. 

 13.3 Drawings: For alteration projects, separate demolition drawings might be helpful for 

areas involved. Specific detailing of interfaces between alterations and existing to 

remain shall be clearly indicated on the drawings. 

 13.4 Modification verses Replacement: 

A. Where equipment must be modified in order to be physically utilized in a 

project, evaluate the following questions: 

 1) Can the Government look to one manufacturer for final responsibility 

of the modified equipment? 

 2) Is there a legitimate cost savings by modifying the existing 

equipment rather than installing new? If both answers are yes, then 

modification should be considered. 

 13.5 Age and Physical Condition: 

 A. Review the length of time in service of the wiring, devices, and equipment 

prior to considering reuse. 

 B. The equipment should be capable of remaining in use for a minimum of 15

years of additional life. 

 C. Where equipment has been in operation for a number years, the designer 

shall physically inspect the terminals, insulation, switching contacts, control 

wiring, etc. 

 D. Replace any equipment found to be outdated, obsolete or not having 15 

years of additional life,. 

Electrical Design Criteria Page 5-100 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

13.6 Parts Availability: 

 A. After the designer's site surveys, determine the availability of spare parts for 

existing equipment. 

 B. Where the project involves extending an existing system and the existing 

equipment spare parts are not available, the designer should inform the 

Project Manager in writing. Specific directions will be given at that time. 

 13.7 Conduit and Boxes: 

 A. Remove conduit and boxes in existing walls to be demolished. 

 B. Abandon conduit and boxes in existing walls to remain in place (if not 

reused) and provide the box with a blank cover. 

 C. Remove conduit in existing or new ceilings that is not intended for reuse 

back to the panel from which it originates. 

 D. Saw cut off conduits that had been run in the existing concrete slab as it 

enters the slab and seal it to prevent moisture access. 

 13.8 Conductors: 

 A. Replace conductors with deteriorated or damaged insulation. The designer 

may wish to have the conductors meggered to assure insulation integrity. 

 B. Remove conductors that are not deemed reusable back to the nearest 

junction box. Where the entire circuit is to removed, remove the conductors 

back to the panelboard from which they emanate. 

 C. Disconnection and removal of telephone cabling may not be the 

responsibility of the contractor. Verify with the Project Manager. 

 D. Disconnection and removal of communication, fire alarm wiring, etc., shall 

be the responsibility of the contractor. 

 E. Contractor shall not attempt to fish new conductors through an existing 

conduit with existing conductors. Replace all conductors. 

 13.9 Wiring Devices: 

 A. Remove devices that are not reusable. Boxes shall be blanked. 

 B. Reuse existing receptacles and switches which are located in walls to 

remain and are effective in the desired layout if determined to be physically 

acceptable. 

Electrical Design Criteria Page 5-101 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

13.10 Lighting Fixtures: 

 A. Remove lighting fixtures that cannot be reused, including associated wiring 

to ceiling mounted junction boxes. 

 B. Where fixtures are determined to be reusable in new or existing ceilings, 

they shall be taken down, cleaned and relamped prior to reinstallation. An 

economic analysis of labor costs shall be reviewed in determining if the 

fixture should be reused or replaced. 

 C. Inform contractor of his responsibility in the storage and reassembly of 

reused fixtures as far as damage. 

 13.11 Panelboards: 

 A. Consider panelboards for reuse if physical condition, ratings and circuit 

capacity requirements are met. 

 B. Install panelboards in new or existing electrical closets. Corridor mounted 

panelboards shall not be employed unless given specific instructions. Refer 

to other articles of this Criteria for closet requirements. 

 C. In major secondary distribution renovation projects, existing panelboard 

back boxes may be used as pull boxes for branch circuit transfer. Tag all 

branch circuit conductors to identify which circuit number they are being 

transferred to in the new panel. Provide a requirement, in the contract 

documents, for the contractor to develop and type an accurate circuit 

directory. 

 D. Provide in the contract documents for the contractor to balance the loads 

during the branch circuit transfer. 

 13.12 Government Retained Equipment: The designer should determine which of the 

following items the government should retain, after consultation with the local staff: 

 A. Special receptacles 

 B. Transformers 

 C. Disconnects of 100 amperes and larger 

 D. Panelboards and circuit breakers 

 E. Fire Alarm devices 

 F. Special lighting fixtures 

Electrical Design Criteria Page 5-102 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 13.13 Concealed or Exposed: 

 A. All work should be installed concealed. In areas where it is determined that 

it is physically impractical to install conduit concealed, or where economic 

considerations prevail, consult with VA to determine acceptable alternatives. 

 B. Install all conductors in conduit or in surface metal raceway. 

 C. Where permission is granted, flexible metal conduit may be used to fish 

down to outlets in existing walls as long as lengths do not exceed 3 m (10 

feet). Locate a junction box directly above ceiling for the conduit drop to the 

new outlet. Metal clad cable (type MC) is not acceptable for use. 

 D. Do not install surface metal raceways on the floor. Service to equipment in 

open areas from under the slab or through tele/power poles wired from the 

ceiling. 

 13.14 Continuity of Service: 

 A. Maintain services passing thru areas of remodeling throughout construction. 

 B. Circuits that are modified, as part of the remodeling project, which serve 

areas adjacent to the construction area shall be recircuited as part of this 

project. 

 13.15 Compatibility: Equipment installed shall be compatible to existing components and 

systems to which they interface. 

14. ELECTRICAL STANDARD DETAILS: Obtain a copy of the Standard Details, Electrical 

Engineering, and use the applicable details for the project after doing the necessary editing 

work. 

15. APPLICABLE ELECTRICAL MASTER SPECIFICATIONS INDEX: Use the latest edition 

of NCA Master Specifications. 

SECTION TITLE

 DIVISION 26-ELECTRICAL

26 05 11 Requirements for Electrical Installations 

26 05 21 Low Voltage Electrical Power Conductors (600 Volts and Below) 

26 05 26 Grounding and Bonding for Electrical Systems 

26 05 33 Raceway and Boxes for Electrical Systems 

26 05 41 Underground Electrical Construction 

26 05 71 Electrical System Protective Device Study 

26 22 00 Low Voltage Transformers 

26 24 11 Distribution Switchboards 

26 24 16 Panelboards 

26 27 13 Electricity Metering 

26 27 26 Wiring Devices 

26 29 11 Low-Voltage Motor Starters 

Electrical Design Criteria Page 5-103 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

Electrical Design Criteria Page 5-104 

26 29 21 Disconnect Switches 

26 32 13 Engine Generators 

26 36 23 Automatic Transfer Switches 

26 41 00 Facility Lightning Protection 

26 51 00 Interior Lighting 

26 56 00 Exterior Lighting 

 DIVISION 27-COMMUNICATIONS

27 05 11 Requirements for Communications Installations 

27 05 33 Raceways and Boxes Communications Systems 

27 10 00 Structured Cabling 

27 11 00 Communications Equipment Room Fittings 

27 15 00 Communications Horizontal Cabling 

 DIVISION 28-ELECTRONIC SAFETY AND SECURITY

28 05 11 Requirements for Electronic Safety and Security Installations 

28 05 13 Conductors and Cables for Electronic Safety and Security 

28 05 26 Grounding and Bonding for Electronic Safety and Security 

28 05 33 Raceways and Boxes for Electronic Safety and Security 

28 23 00 Video Surveillance 

28 31 00 Fire Detection and Alarm 

- - - END - - - 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.9 CRITERIA FOR PREPARATION OF COST ESTIMATES 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA 

2. GENERAL 

3. CODING AND UNITS OF MEASURE CHARTS 

4. BUILDING SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONS 

5. FORMS 

6. MATRIX 

7. DETAILED TAKE-OFF 

8. MASTER PLAN COST ESTIMATING SUMMARY SHEET 

9 COSTS

10. SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates Page 5-107 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

5.9 CRITERIA FOR PREPARATION OF COST ESTIMATES 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

1. CRITERIA UNIQUE TO VA:

 1.1 Presentation: 

 A. Provide a separate estimate with different summary sheets and supporting 

take-off worksheets for each building. 

 B. Provide separate estimates for new construction and alteration work. 

 C. A recapitulation sheet listing each new building and each renovated building 

shall precede the summary sheets. 

 D. Show the project sitework cost in the Sitework Section 12 for the largest 

building. Sitework Section 12 for the remaining buildings will include 

sitework cost only out to the 1500 mm (5 foot) building line. 

 1.2 Submit building gross area computations with sketch as shown in Attachment F, 

PROCEDURE FOR COMPUTATION OF BUILDING GROSS AREAS FOR NEW 

AND ALTERATION. 

 1.3 Computerized estimates are acceptable if all data is shown in the same format as 

the VA Forms. 

2. GENERAL: For a project estimate, show the current cost of construction on the date of the 

estimate. The level of detail for this estimate should be consistent with the degree of 

completeness of the drawings being submitted. Simply stated, this means that if a 

construction element is shown, it should be priced; if it is shown in detail, it should be priced 

in detail. For detailed elements, "lump sum" or "allowance" figures are not acceptable. 

Submission requirements are indicated in VA Program Guide PG-18-15, Volume D. 

3. CODING AND UNITS OF MEASURE CHARTS: Charts provided in Attachment E. 

 3.1 Use the units of measure indicated in Attachment E. Use these charts for the 

quantity take-off with the units of measure shown, then apply prices to those units of 

measure. If no unit of measure is given for a particular cost item, choose a unit of 

measure consistent with the item. 

 3.2 Use codes to provide levels of detail required under "CODE" on Form CEM-18a, 

TRADE ITEM TAKE-OFF WORKSHEET; Form CEM-18b, ESTIMATING 

WORKSHEET; Form CEM-18c, COST SUMMARY SHEET; and CODING AND 

UNITS OF MEASURE CHARTS. 

 A. Code Level A: Major system. Example: Mechanical Systems. 

 B. Code Level B: Level A further divided. Example: Plumbing and HVAC. 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates Page 5-108 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 C. Code Level C: Level B with subsections further divided. Example: 

Plumbing divided into domestic water, stormwater, sanitary waste and vent, 

fuel gas, fuel oil, and plumbing fixtures. 

 D. Code Level D: Level C with sub-subsections further divided. Example: 

HVAC distribution divided into ductwork, HVAC piping (Int), and AHU & 

Term. units. 

 3.3 For items which do not logically fit under any of the systems or sub-systems on 

Attachment E, place a 99 in the code section of the VA Form CEM-18b under the 

level detail represented by the new item. This will alert the VA estimator that a new 

or unusual item is included in the estimate which is not stored in the computer data 

bank. 

4. BUILDING SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONS: See Attachment D. 

5. FORMS: Forms provided in Attachment A. 

 5.1 Project Data Sheet No. 1: A two-page form used to supply quantitative as well as 

qualitative information about each building in the project. 

 5.2 Project Data Sheet No. 2: A one-page form used to supply current labor rates for 

12 selected building trades. 

 5.3 VA Form CEM-18a, Trade Item Take-off Worksheet: The use of this form is 

optional. It is intended to facilitate the take-off of plans in trade sequence 

(16-element CSI format) and the subsequent rearrangement into the 12-category 

Building System Form. They may also be used for applying insurance and taxes to 

labor, sales taxes to material and subcontractor markup as applicable. Another 

system for quantity take-off is acceptable provided the end result is an estimate 

arranged in the required format (s). 

 5.4 VA Form CEM-18b, Estimate Worksheet: This form indicates the division of cost 

between labor and material for each cost item, and extends the level of estimate 

beyond Form CEM-18c (see Attachment C). 

 5.5 VA Form CEM-18c, Cost Summary Sheet: A two-page form used to summarize 

costs, the level of detail "A", "B", "C", or "D" to be consistent with VA design 

requirements. 

6. MATRIX: Form provided in Attachment B. Prepare a Matrix cost breakdown by project 

building and site work major items. 

7. DETAILED TAKE-OFF: Form provided in Attachment C. Prepare a detailed take-off using 

CSI Format. Each line item shall indicate unit of measure, quantity, labor cost per 

unit, material (including any equipment) cost per unit, and a total cost. Each 

specification section shall be broken down into sub-sections of the Building Systems 

format and each sub-section sub-totaled. The level of breakdown to be consistent 

with the VA design requirements. The sub-section sub-totals shall be entered in the 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates Page 5-109 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

appropriate Matrix section. This will also allow cross-checking to assure that all 

areas affected by the specification sections have been estimated. 

8. MASTER PLAN COST ESTIMATING SUMMARY SHEET: See Attachment "G". 

 8.1 The Master Plan Cost Estimate Summary Sheet should be used as a recapitulation 

sheet on all cemetery estimates. The line item, BLDGS, refers to buildings that are 

enclosed and could be air conditioned as opposed to committal service shelters and 

columbarium. 

 8.2 The requirements for cemeteries are essentially the same as for other construction 

projects except that there are 5 additional Master Plan reviews. The Schematic 

Reviews 1 and 2 for Phase I are accomplished during the Master Plan reviews. 

See Program Guide PG-18-15D for which documents to submit at each of the 

Master Plan reviews. 

9. COSTS: All costs shown on Attachment A, VA Form CEM-18c, COST SUMMARY SHEET, 

and on the extended summary as outlined under Design Development 2 & Construction 

Document 1 submissions, shall include all labor insurance and taxes, sales taxes on 

material and applicable contractor markup. 

10. SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS: Use the following requirements with submission 

requirements for cemetery projects indicated for Program Guide PG-18-15D. 

 10.1 Market Survey: 

 A. The consultant shall conduct a "Local Market Survey", exploring all factors 

influencing construction costs at each stage of design. Pertinent data shall 

be gathered by interviewing local firms having knowledge of the construction 

activity in the area. Possible sources are, but not limited to, the following: 

general and subcontractors, contractors and builders associations, local 

government officials, architectural and engineering firms, builders’ exchange 

and construction-reporting firms, and bankers and commercial mortgage 

firms. Particular emphasis should be placed on ascertaining the availability 

of earthwork and land development sub-contractors. The survey report, 

which will list sources of data, should reflect the recent and expected future 

bidding conditions that may influence the cost of VA construction. 

 B. Schematics (S-1 & S-2) 

C. The following is a minimum listing of pertinent items to be investigated: 

 1) Labor supply, strike possibility and pending or imminent contractual 

negotiations, and availability of skilled labor and its associated cost 

 2) Material availability - shortages, oversupply, or normal market 

 3) Amount of planned and on-going construction - listing of future 

projects bidding during the same time frame as VA’s project 

 4) Cost of construction money 

 5) "Hunger Factor" among general and sub-contractors 

 6) Union Shop versus Open Shop competition - labor cost differential 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates Page 5-110 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

 7) Number of prospective bidders - general contractors and major subcontractors and their respective experience on similar projects 

 D. Design Development (DD-1 & DD-2) 

 E. Re-survey, verify, refine, and report the previously gathered data and make 

all necessary changes as required to reflect the current and anticipated local 

market conditions, noting all outside forces, such as regional building 

booms, i.e. 2005 Hurricane Katrina affecting all southeastern US projects. 

The required estimate submissions shall include the survey findings as 

reflected by the cost of materials, labor, and equipment along with all markups associated with the general and appropriate sub contractors. 

 F. Construction Document (CD-1) 

 G. Intensify the survey process and report all data gathered. The report shall 

clearly depict the pending current market conditions noting all outside 

influences . The final estimate should incorporate the survey’s conclusions 

and reflect the current bidding climate, including information on the expected 

number of bidders, both general and sub-contractors, the grade of 

competition among contractors, and other conditions that may have impact 

on VA’s construction project. 

 10.2 General: 

 A. A new gross area take-off is required with each estimate submission. See 

Attachment F. 

 B. Each estimate must be broken down by building with new construction and 

alteration separated. 

 C. Schematics 1 (S1) and Schematics 2 (S2): As a minimum, the S1 submittal 

shall include a LEVEL "A" breakdown of the base construction cost, i.e., 

divided into 12 major systems. The S2 submittal shall be broken down to 

Level "B". Included in both of these submittals shall be a copy of VA Form 

CEM-18c, and PROJECT DATA SHEET NO. 1 with the available items filled 

in for the total project as well as for each building. Alteration costs shall be 

reported separately from the cost of new construction. 

 D. Design Development 1 (DD1): This submission shall include a two-page VA 

Form CEM-18c, LEVEL "B" detail and a PROJECT DATA SHEET NO. 1 

with the available items filled in for the entire project, as well as separately 

for each building. A single PROJECT DATA SHEET No. 2 containing 

current local labor rates is also required. Alteration costs shall be reported 

separately from the cost for new construction. Supplement each VA Form 

CEM-18c with VA Form CEM-18a or b, which shows the division of costs 

between labor and material. 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates Page 5-111 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates Page 5-112 

E. Design Development 2 (DD2): 

 1) Provide Matrix described in Article 5; VA Form CEM-18c, COST 

SUMMARY SHEET, completed to level "B" detail; VA Form CEM18b, COST ESTIMATE WORKSHEETS, to show the division of costs 

between labor and material; a detailed PROJECT DATA SHEET NO. 

1 completed in its entirety with all applicable items filled in for the 

entire project as well as separately for each building; and PROJECT 

DATA SHEET No. 2 containing local labor rates. 

 2) Alteration costs shall be reported separately from the cost of new 

construction. The amount of detail provided in this submission must 

be consistent with the completeness of the drawings. Quantities 

such as "LS" or "LOT" should be a minimum. 

 3) For proper coding beyond LEVEL "B", the A/E shall refer to 

Attachment E, CODING AND UNIT OF MEASURE REFERENCE 

CHART. 

 4) Asbestos Abatement Estimate: Show total costs for asbestos 

abatement provided by the Professional Industrial Hygienist (PIH) as 

a separate cost item below the total base construction cost on the 

COST SUMMARY SHEET. 

 F. Construction Document 1 (CD1): This submission shall include everything 

required in the DD2 Submission. It differs from the DD2 Submission only in 

the level of detail required. Provide a complete quantity survey estimate. 

No lump sums will be permitted without explanation. (Note: Lump sums 

shown on Attachment E, CODING AND UNIT MEASURE CHARTS, are 

permitted due to summation of dissimilar items). 
PROJECT DATA SHEET NO. 1 (2 pages) DATE: ____________________ 

LOCATION: ____________________________________ PROJECT NO: ____________ 

TITLE: 

______________________________________________________________________ 

DESIGNER: 

___________________________________________________________________ 

SUBMISSION NO: _________ BUILDING NO.: _________BOECKH INDEX: _________ 

AREA CALCULATIONS 

BASEMENT: ________________m2 (GSF) MECHANICAL: ___________________m2 (SF) 

SUB-BSMT: ________________m2 (GSF) CIRCULATION: __________________m2

 (SF) 

PENTHOUSE: _______________m2

 (GSF) CONSTRUCTION: _________________m2 (SF) 

FLOORS (TOTAL): __________m2

 (GSF) DESIGN NET: ___________________m2 (SF) 

AREA OF BLDG: ____________m2

 (GSF) AREA OF BLDG: _________________m2 (SF) 

(SUM OF ABOVE) (SUM OF ABOVE) 

PIPE SPACE: ______________m2

 (GSF) PROGRAM NET: __________________m2 (SF) 

HEIGHT OF PIPE SPACE: ____mm (FT) ALTERATION: ___________________m2

 (SF) 

CONN. CORR.: _____________m2

 (GSF) 

QUANTITATIVE BUILDING DESCRIPTION 

ROOF: ____________________m2 (SF) WINDOWS: ______________________m2 (SF) 

EXT. WALL: _______________m2

 (SF) EST. DOORS: ____________________LEAVES 

(INCLUDE WINDOWS & DOORS) 

INT. WALL: _______________m2

 (SF) INT. DOORS: ____________________LEAVES 

(INCLUDE DOORS) 

NO. OF FLOORS: __________________ (EXCLUDE BSMT, SUB-BSMT,PENT,ETC) 

NO. OF ELEVATORS: _______________ STOPS EACH: __________________________ 

CALCULATED A/C LOAD: ____KW (TONS) 

NO. OF CHILLERS: ________________ TOTAL KW (TONS): _____________________ 

NO. OF COOLING TOWERS: __________ TOTAL KW (TONS): _____________________ 

SOLAR PANELS: _____________m2

 (SF) 

NO. OF BOILERS: _________________ TOTAL kg/h (LBS/HR): _______________ 

NO. OF FUEL OIL TANKS: __________ TOTAL CAPACITY: ______________________ 

ATTACHMENT “A” PAGE 1 OF 7 
PROJECT DATA SHEET NO 1 (CONT'D)

ELECTRICAL LOAD: ____________KVA 

NO OF EMER. GEN: _______________ TOTAL KW:______________________________ 

NO. OF PLUMBING FIXTURES: ______TOTAL 

QUALITATIVE BUILDING DESCRIPTION (TYPE & MATERIAL) 

FOUNDATION: 

SUB STRUCTURE: 

SUPER STRUCTURE: 

EXTERIOR CLOSURE: 

ROOFING: 

INTERIOR WALLS: 

REMARKS (DESCRIBE UNUSUAL FEATURES) 

ATTACHMENT "A" PAGE 2 OF 7 
PROJECT DATA SHEET NO. 2

LABOR RATES AS OF __________________________ 

(Including Fringe Benefits) 

LABOR ______________________________ PAINTER ____________________________ 

EQUIPMENT OPERATOR _________________ CARPENTER __________________________ 

CEMENT MASON _______________________ PLUMBER ____________________________ 

BRICK MASON ________________________ STEAMFITTER_________________________ 

STRUCTURAL IRON WORKER _____________ SHEETMETAL WORKER __________________ 

ROOFER ______________________________ ELECTRICIAN ________________________ 

ATTACHMENT “A" PAGE 3 OF 7 
UCI ELEMENT DATE 

TRADE ITEM TAKE-OFF WORKSHEET 

PROJECT NO. LOCATION PROJECT NAME TYPE OF ESTIMATE ESTIMATOR NEW ALT. INDEX NO. BUILDING NO./NOS. 

TRADE ITEM CODE LABOR MATERIALS 

A B C D QUANTITY UNIT $/UNIT TOTAL QUANTITY UNIT $/UNIT 

NOTE: This form is used to make a quantitytake-off from plans in the 33 elementMF 04 Spec format. It may be used forapplying mark-ups to various trades andas a worksheet to facilitate the groupings of various trade-elements intothe 12 category building system format.

VA FORM CEM-18aDEC 1995
DATE 

ESTIMATE WORKSHEET 

PROJECT NO. LOCATION PROJECT NAME TYPE OF ESTIMATE ESTIMATOR NEW ALT. INDEX NO. BUILDING NO./NOS. 

CODE SYSTEM/SUBSYSTEM LABOR MATERIALS 

A B C D QUANTITY UNIT $/UNIT TOTAL QUANTITY UNIT $/UNIT 

NOTE: This form is to be used to extend the detaiestimate beyond level "B" and to show the divisionof costs between labor and material. Labor costsshall include all applicable insurance and taxesmaterial costs shall include sales or other taxesand both shall include all applicable subcontractomarkups.

VA FORM DEC 1995 CEM-18b 
COST SUMMARY SHEET 

PROJECT NO. LOCATION PROJECT NAME TYPE OF ESTIMATE ESTIMATOR GROSS AREA (New) GROSS AREA (Alt.) INDEX NO. BUILDING NO./NOS. 

m2 (SQ.FT.) m2 ( SQ.FT.) 

CODE SYSTEM/SUBSYSTEM QUANTITY UNIT $/UNIT $/m2 ($/GSF) SUBSYS

A B C D 

01 FOUNDATION 

10 STANDARD 20 SPECIAL 

02 SUBSTRUCTURE 

10 SLAB ON GRADE 20 BASEMENT EXCAVATION 

30 BASEMENT WALLS 

03 SUPERSTRUCTURE 

10 FLOOR CONSTRUCTION 20 ROOF CONSTRUCTION 30 STAIR CONSTRUCTION 

04 EXTERIOR CLOSURE 

10 EXTERIOR WALLS 

20 EXTERIOR DOORS AND WINDOWS 

05 ROOFING 06 INTERIOR CONSTRUCTION 

10 PARTITIONS 20 INTERIOR FINISHES 30 SPECIALTIES 

VA FORM CEM-18c Page 1 DEC-1995
PROJECT NAME AND LOCATION 

COST SUMMARY SHEET (Continued)

CODE SYSTEM/SUBSYSTEM QUANTITY UNIT $/UNIT $/m2 ($/GSF) SUBSYS

A B C D 

08 MECHANICAL 

10 PLUMBING 20 HVAC 

30 FIRE PROTECTION 50 SEWAGE TREATMENT (New)55 SEWAGE TREATMENT (Alterations)

09 ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS 

10 BASIC MATERIALS AND METHODS 20 LIGHTING - POWER 30 SPECIAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS 40 COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS 50 ELECTRICAL HEATING SYSTEMS 

10 GENERAL CONDITIONS 11 EQUIPMENT 

10 SPECIAL EQUIPMENT 

20 FURNISHINGS 

30 SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION 

TOTAL BUILDING COSTS 

12 SITEWORK 

10 SITE PREPARATION 20 SITE IMPROVEMENTS 

30 SITE UTILITIES 

40 OFF SITE WORK 

TOTAL BASE CONSTRUCTION COST 

REMARKS 

CEM-18c Page 2 VA FORM DEC-1995
MATRIX - VA BUILDING SYSTEMS 

TITLE: PROJECT NO: LOCATION: 

SPEC ADMIN MAINT COMM. PUBLIC STORAGE COUMBARIA MAIN ROADS BURIAL ASSEMBLY FLAGPOLE COMMEM. WALKWAY DRAINAGE WATE

SECT BLDG BLDG SHELTERS RESTROOMS BLDG ENTRANCE AREA AREA AREA AREA SYSTEM SYSTE

TO TALS\
DATE 

ESTIMATE WORKSHEET 

PROJECT NO. LOCATION PROJECT NAME 101-001 ANY NATIONAL CEMETERY, USA SAMPLE PROJECT TYPE OF ESTIMATE ESTIMATOR NEW ALT. INDEX NO. BUILDING NO./NOS. DD1 JOHN DOE X 1000.0 ADMINISTRATION BUILDIN

CODE SYSTEM/SUBSYSTEM LABOR MATERIAL

A B C D QUANTITY UNIT $/UNIT TOTAL QUANTITY UNIT $/UNIT 

01 FOUNDATION 55,255 SF 1.74 96,177 55,255 SF 1.78 

10 STANDARD 55,255 SF .62 34,171 55,255 SF .60 

01 EXCAVATION 1,273 CY 2.00 2,546 1,273 CY 1.00 02 CONCRETE 4000 PSI 314 14.00 4,396 2,980 CY 50.50 03 FORMWORK 8,000 SF 2.00 16,000 8,000 SF 1.00 04 REINFORCING 16 T 200 3,200 16 T 450 05 FINISH 7,579 SF 2,425 7,579 SF .02 06 BACKFILL 959 CY 5.84 5,604 959 CY .97 

20 SPECIAL 55,255 SF 1.12 68,006 55,255 SF 1.17 

01 DRILL 20"/60 PIER 2,862 LF 3.25 9,302 2,862 LF 1.75 02 DRILL 24"/72 PIER 1,890 LF 3.75 7,088 1,890 LF 2.00 03 DRILL 28"/84 BELLED PIER 252 LF 4.50 1,134 252 LF 2.50 04 HAUL OFF SPOIL 1,162 CY 3.00 3,486 1,162 CY 3.00 05 400 PSI CONCRETE 1,028 CY 7.00 7,196 1,028 CY 50.50 06 REBAR 52 T 200.0 10,400 52 T 450.0 

CEM-18a VA FORM DEC 1995
DATE 

ESTIMATE WORKSHEET 

PROJECT NO. LOCATION PROJECT NAME 101-001 ANY NATIONAL CEMETERY, USA SAMPLE PROJECT TYPE OF ESTIMATE ESTIMATOR NEW ALT. INDEX NO. BUILDING NO./NOS. DD1 JOHN DOE X 1000.0 ADMINISTRATION BUILDI

CODE SYSTEM/SUBSYSTEM LABOR MATERIA

A B C D QUANTITY UNIT $/UNIT TOTAL QUANTITY UNIT $/UNIT 

02 SUBSTRUCTURE 55,255 SF .49 27,217 55,255 SF .92 

10 SLAB ON GRADE 55,255 SF .49 27,217 55,255 SF .92 

01 10 MIL POLY 55,255 SF .02 1,105 55,255 SF .05 02 EDGE FORM 3,350 LF 2.00 6,700 3,330 LF .50 03 4000 PSI CONC. CURED 844 CY 23.05 19,454 844 CY 54.00 

30 BASEMENT WALLS 

03 SUPERSTRUCTURE

10 FLOOR (AT MECHANICAL 2,980 SF .47 1,406 2,980 SF .93 

01 WIRE MESH 32 SF 8 256 32 SF 16.00 

02 4000 PSI CONC. 49 CY 50.50 03 PUMP CONC. 49 CY 4.00 196 49 CY 3.00 04 PLACE, FINISH, CURE 2,980 SF .32 954 2,980 SF .02 

VA FORM CEM-18aDEC 1995
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

ATTACHMENT D – BUILDING SYSTEMS DESCRIPTIONS 

GENERAL

The following material is provided as the description of work to be included in Estimate Worksheets 

prepared for projects. Examples of some work elements are included in the sample Estimate 

Worksheets included in Attachment C. The number designation for the paragraphs that follow 

correspond with the Code designations in Column A of the Estimate Worksheets in “Attachment C”, 

and are referred to as Sections in the body of the text for this attachment. The description that 

follows the paragraph number corresponds with the designation for the column 

“System/Subsystem” in the same Estimate worksheets. Further breakdown of the work is 

described in the following: 

01. FOUNDATIONS

This element includes all work below the level of the lowest floor construction (usually slab on 

grade). 

At level B it is subdivided into: 

- Standard Foundations - which includes regular type spread footing foundations 

- Special Foundations Conditions - which includes piling and caissons, underpinning, dewatering, 

raft foundations, etc. 

The section includes foundation walls up to the top of the lowest floor construction, but excludes 

slab on grade. Includes any excavation necessary to reduce levels or to form basements, or any 

backfilling to generally raise levels. 

Note that rock excavation is considered a special abnormal condition and is to be included with 

special foundation work. 

All earth work associated with site development is included in section 12 (Site Work). 

02. SUBSTRUCTURE

This element includes the enclosing horizontal and vertical elements required to form a basement, 

together with the necessary mass excavation. 

At level B it is subdivided into: 

-Slab on Grade - including all underfill, foundation drainage, trenches in slab, pits and bases. 

- Basement Walls - including required moisture protection. 

The section does not include any suspended structural slabs and supporting interior walls and 

columns contained within basements, which are to be carried in section 03. 

In cases where slopping site conditions create variable basement levels, note that only basement 

walls below grade are to be carried in this section. All other walls above grade are to be included in 

section 04. 

The items included in this section can perhaps best be described by the term "bath tub", comprising 

essentially basement walls. 

ATTACHMENT “D” PAGE 1 OF 6 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates Page 5-115 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

ATTACHMENT D – BUILDING SYSTEMS DESCRIPTIONS 

03. SUPERSTRUCTURE

This element includes all structural slabs, decks and supports within basements and above grade 

(see sketch 02 substructure). 

At level Bit is subdivided into : 

- Floor Construction - including balconies and ramps 

- Roof Construction - both pitched and flat and including canopies 

 and special roofing systems 

- Stair Construction 

Note that the structural work will include both horizontal items (slabs, decks, etc.) and vertical 

structural components, columns and interior structural walls. Exterior load bearing walls are not 

included in this section but section 04. 

Stair finishes are included in section 06. 

04. EXTERIOR CLOSURE

This element includes all vertical and horizontal closure features. 

 It is subdivided at level B into: 

- Exterior Walls - being the solid exterior closure element 

- Exterior Doors and Windows - also including curtain walls 

Loading bearing exterior walls will be included here and not in section 03. Structural frame 

elements at exterior such as columns, beams, spandrels, etc., would be included in section 03, with 

only applied exterior finishes (e.g. paint, stucco, etc.) being included here. 

Finishes to the inside face of walls which are not an integral part of the wall construction, will be 

included in 0620. 

05. ROOFING

This element includes all waterproof roof coverings and insulation, together with skylights, hatches, 

ventilators and all required trim. The system proceeds directly to a level C breakdown. 

In addition to roof coverings, the element includes all waterproof membranes and traffic toppings 

over below grade enclosed areas, balconies and the like. 

ATTACHMENT “D” PAGE 2 OF 6 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates Page 5-116 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

ATTACHMENT D – BUILDING SYSTEMS DESCRIPTIONS 

06. INTERIOR CONSTRUCTION

This element includes all architectural interior construction. 

At level B it is subdivided into: 

- Partitions- which also includes toilet partitions, interior balus-trades, doors and frames 

- Interior Finishes - to walls, floors and ceilings 

- Specialties- standard built-in items and specialties, such as toilet accessories and other built-ins, 

which would commonly be found inmost building types 

The element does not include interior structural walls, which are included in section 03. 

Any special equipment, built-in or movable, will be found in section 11. 

07. CONVEYING SYSTEMS (DOES NOT APPLY TO NCA PROJECTS)

08. MECHANICAL

This element closely parallels CSI Division 21, 22 ,and 23. 

At level B it is subdivided into: 

- Plumbing - including drainage 

- Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning 

- Fire Protection - including sprinklers 

Exterior site utilities are to be included in Division 33. 

ATTACHMENT “D” PAGE 3 OF 6 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates Page 5-117 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

ATTACHMENT D – BUILDING SYSTEMS DESCRIPTIONS 

09. ELECTRICAL

This element closely parallels CSI Division 26, 27, and 28. It is subdivided at level B into the 

following: 

- BASIC MATERIALS AND METHODS 

Distribution and Panelboards 

Include: Switchboards, panelboards, starters, motor connections, motor control centers, circuit 

breakers, wires/conduits, equipment transformers, bus duct 

Branch Wiring and Devices 

Include: Receptacles outlet boxes, raceways, junction boxes-pull boxes, cable trough, 

wires/conduits 

- LIGHTING AND POWER 

Lighting Fixtures 

Include: Interior lights, exit lights, entrance lights switches, wire/conduits 

- SPECIAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS 

Emergency Power and Lights 

Include: Emergency light fixtures, switches, panels and wires/conduits, battery powered emergency 

lights 

- OTHER SPECIAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS 

Include: Lightning protection, grounding system, wires/conduits, uninterruptable power system 

- COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS 

Fire Alarm System: Devices and Wiring 

Telephone/IC and 

Closed Circuit TV: Devices and Wiring 

- SECURITY SYSTEMS 

- ELECTRICAL HEATING SYSTEMS 

Include: Control devices and wiring to boilers, baseboard heaters and HVAC Systems 

ATTACHMENT “D” PAGE 4 OF 6 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates Page 5-118 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

ATTACHMENT D – BUILDING SYSTEMS DESCRIPTIONS 

10. GENERAL CONDITIONS AND PROFIT

This element includes all site overhead items, mobilization, demobilization, together with a pro rata 

charge of the general contractor's head office overhead expense and a profit mark-up. When 

construction management contracts are used, the later often becomes a fee and may be carried 

elsewhere. 

For convenience, estimators-have traditionally included in General Conditions certain costs which 

could be considered distributable to a work section (e.g. sales taxes, labor fringe benefits, 

equipment for placing concrete, etc.). In this breakdown, such items shall be distributed to the work 

sections. 

Note that this section includes only general contractor's or construction managers' general 

condition items and that all subcontractors' overheads and profit should be included in each 

respective work section. 

CLARIFICATION 

In filling out the project cost data sheets, the general contractor's overhead and profit on 

subcontractors' work should be included in General Conditions and Profit. However, the general 

contractor's overhead and profit on his own work and the subcontractors' overhead and profit 

should be included in the cost of each item of work. 

11. EQUIPMENT

This element accords fairly closely with CSI Divisions 12, 13 and 22. It is subdivided at level B into: 

- Specialized Equipment 

- Furnishings 

- Special Construction 

As furniture is funded from separate sources, there is no further development of this sub-element 

here. 

ATTACHMENT “D” PAGE 5 OF 6 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates Page 5-119 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates Page 5-120 

ATTACHMENT D – BUILDING SYSTEMS DESCRIPTIONS 

12. SITE WORK

A. This element includes all work outside the immediate building confines and is subdivided at level 

B into the following: 

 - Site Preparation - clearing, demolition and earth moving 

- Site Improvement - landscaping, paving, parking, roads, etc. 

- Site utilities - sewers, water, power, etc. 

 

 Storm & sanitary sewers 

 Domestic water, fire protection water, hot & chilled water 

 Electrical 

 Utilities 

 Substations, etc. 

- Off-site work - for special highway and utility work and any other off-site construction required 

Note that general grading to reduce levels over the site occupied by the building will be included in 

this section. 

This site utilities sub-section does not include the following elements: 

Heat Generating System 

Cooling Generating System 

Geo-Thermal System 

These elements are contained within the Mechanical (08) section of the Logic Tree. 

The Site Utility sections of the Logic Tree, therefore, contain distribution elements only, with source 

elements being contained within buildings. 

ATTACHMENT “D” PAGE 6 OF 6 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

ATTACHMENT E – Cost Estimating Section Details, Level A thru C 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates Page 5-121

SYSTEM OR SUBSYSTEM CODE UNIT OF MEASURE 

NAME A B C D 

FOUNDATION

STANDARD 

EXCAVATION-BACKFILL (FOUND) 

CONCRETE-FORMS-RB (FOUND) 

MASONRY 

SPECIAL 

ROCK EXCAVATION 

DEWATERING 

STRUCTURAL STEEL (FOUND) 

PILES AND CAISSONS 

UNDERPINNING 

SUB-STRUCTURE

SLAB ON GRADE 

GRANULAR FILL BELOW 

FOUND OR UNDERSLAB DRAIN 

CONCRETE-FORMS-RB (SOG) 

WATER DAMPROOFING (SOG) 

THERMO-INSULATION 

BASEMENT WALLS 

CONCRETE-FORMS-RB (BSMT WALL) 

MASONRY (BSMT WALL) 

WATER-DAMPROOFING (BSMT WALL) 

SUPER-STRUCTURE

FLOOR CONSTRUCTION 

CONCRETE-FORMS-RB (FLOOR) 

PRECAST STRUCT COMP FLOOR 

STRUCTURAL STEEL (FLOOR) 

ROUGH CARPENTRY FRM DECK 

HVY. TIMBER PREFAB STR (FLOOR) 

CEMENTITIOUS DECKS (FLOOR) 

ROOF CONSTRUCTION 

CONCRETE-FORMS-RB (ROOF) 

PRECAST STRUCT. COMPONENTS (RF) 

STRUCTURAL STEEL (ROOF) 

ROUGH CARP FRAME-DECK (ROOF) 

HVY TIMBER PREFAB STR. 

CEMENTITIOUS DECKS (ROOF) 

STAIR CONSTRUCTION 

CONCRETE-FORMS-RMS (STAIRS) 

METAL STAIRS 

WOOD STAIRS 

SOLAR ENERGY (STRUCTURAL STEEL) 

01 

02 

03 

10 

20 

10 

30 

10 

20 

30 

40 

01 

02 

03 

01 

02 

03 

04 

05 

01 

02 

03 

04 

05 

01 

02 

03 

01 

02 

03 

04 

05 

06 

01 

02 

03 

04 

05 

06 

01 

02 

03 

FOOT PRINT AREA 

FOOT PRINT AREA 

m3

 (CU YDS) EXCAVATION 

m3

 (CU YDS) CONCRETE 

m2

 (SQ FT) MASONRY 

FOOT PRINT AREA 

m3

 (CU YDS) EXCAVATION 

LUMP SUM 

t (TONS) OF STEEL 

m (LF) PILES & CAISSONS 

m3

 (CU YDS) CONCRETE 

m2

 (SQ FT) (SOG) 

m2

 (SQ FT) (SOG) 

t (TONS) OF FILL 

m (LF) PIPE 

m3

 (CU YDS) CONCRETE 

m2

 (SQ FT) CONTACT AREA 

m2

 (SQ FT) CONTACT AREA 

m2

 (SQ FT) WALL 

m3

 (CU YDS) CONCRETE 

m2

 (SQ FT) MASONRY 

m2

 (SQ FT) CONTACT AREA 

m2

 (SQ FT) AREA FL & RF 

m2

 (SQ FT) AREA FLOOR 

m3

 (CU YDS) CONCRETE 

m2

 (SQ FT) AREA COMPS 

t (TONS) OF STEEL 

m (BOARD FT) OF LUMBER 

m (BOARD FT) OF LUMBER 

m2

 (SQ FT) DECK 

m2

 (SQ FT) AREA ROOF 

m3

 (CU YDS) CONCRETE 

m2

 (SQ FT) AREA OF COMPS 

t (TONS) OF STEEL 

m (BOARD FT) OF LUMBER 

m (BOARD FT) OF LUMBER 

m2

 (SQ FT) DECK 

RISERS 

# OF RISERS 

FLIGHTS 

# OF RISERS 

t (TONS) OF STEEL OR m3

 (CU 

YDS) CONCRETE 

ATTACHMENT "E" PAGE 1 OF 5
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

ATTACHMENT E – Cost Estimating Section Details, Level A thru C 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates Page 5-122

SYSTEM OR SUBSYSTEM CODE UNIT OF MEASURE 

NAME A B C D 

EXTERIOR CLOSURE

EXTERIOR WALL 

CONCRETE-FORMS-RB (EXT WALL) 

PRECAST CONCRETE (EXT WALL) 

MASONRY (EXT WALL) 

ROUGH CARPENTRY (EXT WALL) 

EXT WOOD SIDING & TRIM 

WATER-DAMPROOFING (EXT WALL) 

THERMAL INSULATION (EXT WALL) 

PREFORM SIDING PNLS. (EXCLD MAT.) 

PREFORM SIDING PNLS. (MATERIAL) 

SEALANT-CAULKS 

WALL FINISHES (EXT) 

SUN-CONTROL DEVICES 

MISC METAL (EXT WALL) 

EXTERIOR DOORS & WINDOWS 

DOOR-FRAME-HDWARE (EXT) 

WINDOWS (EXT) 

CURTAIN WALLS (INCLD STRE FRT) 

ROOFING

ROUGH CARP EXCPT FRME. & DECK 

THERMAL INSULATION (ROOF) 

ROOFING (SHINGLES, TILES, ETC.) 

MEMBRANE-TOPPING (INCLD BLT-UP) 

SHEET-METAL & ACCESSORIES (ROOF) 

INTERIOR CONSTRUCTION 

PARTITIONS 

PARTITIONS (FIXED) 

ROUGH CARPENTRY (PARTITIONS) 

DOOR-FRAMES-HDWARE (INTERIOR) 

WINDOWS (INTERIOR) 

COMPARTMENTS & CUBICLES 

PARTITIONS (MOVABLE) 

INTERIOR FINISHES 

CONCRETE FINISH 

WOOD PANELING 

WALL FINISHES (INTERIOR) 

FLOOR COVERING (RESILIENT) 

ACOUSTICAL CEIL TREATMENT 

SPECIAL FLOOR-MAR, TERRAZZO, ETC 

SPECIAL FLOOR COVERING-COAT 

PAINTING (INTERIOR) 

CEILING (OTHER THAN ACOUST) 

04 

05 

06 

10 

20 

00 

10 

20 

01 

02 

03 

04 

05 

06 

07 

08 

09 

10 

11 

12 

13 

01 

02 

03 

01 

02 

03 

04 

05 

01 

02 

03 

04 

05 

06 

01 

02 

03 

04 

05 

06 

07 

08 

09 

m2

 (SQ FT) WALLS & OPENS 

m2

 (SQ FT) WALL 

m3

 (CU YDS) CONCRETE 

m3

 (CU FT) CONCRETE 

m2

 (SQ FT) MASONRY 

m (BOARD FT) LUMBER 

m2

 (SQ FT) SIDING 

m2

 (SQ FT) CONTACT AREA 

m2

 (SQ FT) CONTACT AREA 

m2

 (SQ FT) WALL 

m2

 (SQ FT) WALL 

LUMP SUM 

m2

 (SQ FT) WALL 

LUMP SUM 

POUNDS METAL 

m2

 (SQ FT) AREA OPENINGS 

# OF LEAVES 

m2

 (SQ FT) WINDOWS 

m2

 (SQ FT) CURTAIN WALLS 

m2

 (SQ FT) AREA ROOF 

m (BOARD FT) LUMBER 

m2

 (SQ FT) CONTACT AREA 

m2

 (SQ FT) AREA ROOF 

m2

 (SQ FT) AREA ROOF 

LUMP SUM 

m2

 (SQ FT) FLOOR AREA 

m2

 (SQ FT) AREA PARTNS 

m2

 (SQ FT) AREA PARTNS 

m (BOARD FT) LUMBER 

# OF LEAVES 

m2

 (SQ FT) AREA WINDOWS 

LUMP SUM 

m2

 (SQ FT) AREA PARTNS 

m2

 (SQ FT) FINISH SURFACE 

m2

 (SQ FT) FINISH SURFACE 

m2

 (SQ FT) PANEL 

m2

 (SQ FT) FINISH SURFACE 

m2

 (SQ FT) FLOOR AREA 

m2

 (SQ FT) ACOUST CEIL 

m2

 (SQ FT) FLOOR AREA 

m2

 (SQ FT) FLOOR AREA 

m2

 (SQ FT) PAINT SURFACE 

m2

 (SQ FT) CEILING 

ATTACHMENT "E" PAGE 2 OF 5 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

ATTACHMENT E – Cost Estimating Section Details, Level A thru C 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates Page 5-123

SYSTEM OR SUBSYSTEM CODE UNIT OF MEASURE 

NAME A B C D 

SPECIALTIES 

MISC ORNAMENTAL MTL (BLDG) 

FINISH CARP-MILLWORK-CABINETS 

PLASTIC FABRICATION 

CHALK-TACK-BOARDS 

SIGNS 

TOILET-BATH-WARDROBE ACCESS 

ACCESS FLOORING 

LOCKERS 

SHELVING 

MISC. SPECIALTIES 

CONVEYING SYSTEMS

OTHER CONVEYING SYSTEMS 

HOISTS & CRANES 

MATERIAL HANDLING 

CHUTES 

CONVEYORS (BELT, ROLLER, ETC.) 

MECHANICAL SYSTEMS

PLUMBING 

DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY 

SANITARY WASTE & VENT 

PLUMBING EQUIPMENT 

PLUMBING FIXTURES 

RAIN WATER DRAINS (NIT) 

HVAC 

HEAT GENERATING SYSTEM 

HEAT GENERATING SYSTEM 

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 

DUCTWORK 

HVAC PIPING (NIT) 

AU & THERMAL UNITS 

CONTROLS TEST & BALANCE 

FIRE PROTECTION 

AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEM 

OTHER FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM 

SPECIFY: 

SEWAGE TREATMENT (NEW) 

06 

07 

08 

30 

50 

10 

20 

30 

55 

01 

02 

03 

04 

05 

06 

07 

08 

09 

10 

01 

02 

03 

04 

01 

02 

03 

04 

05 

02 

03 

04 

05 

01 

02 

01 

02 

03 

m2

 (SQ FT) FLOOR AREA 

kg (POUNDS) OF METAL 

LUMP SUM 

LUMP SUM 

LUMP SUM 

LUMP SUM 

LUMP SUM 

m2

 (SQ FT) FLOOR AREA 

# OF LOCKERS 

# OF SHELVES 

LUMP SUM 

CAPACITY IN kg (POUNDS) 

LENGTH IN m (FT) 

# OF FIXTURES 

LENGTH OF PIPE IN m (FT) 

LENGTH OF PIPE IN m (FT) 

LUMP SUM 

# OF FIXTURES 

LENGTH OF PIPE m (FT) 

kW (TONS) FEVER/J (BTU) 

J (BTU) OR kg/s (LBS /HR) 

KW (TONS) OF REFRIG. 

KW (TONS) FEFR/J (MBTU) 

kg (LBS) OF SHEET METAL 

LENGTH OF PIPE IN m (FT) 

# OF UNITS 

KW (TONS) REFR/J (MBTU) 

ONLY 

m2

 (SQ FT) PROTECTED AREA

# OF HEADS 

ATTACHMENT "E" PAGE 3 OF 5 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

ATTACHMENT E – Cost Estimating Section Details, Level A thru C 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates Page 5-124

SYSTEM OR SUBSYSTEM CODE UNIT OF MEASURE 

NAME A B C D 

SEWAGE TREATMENT (ALT) 

SOLAR ENERGY MECH SYSTEM (BLDG) 

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

BASIC MATERIALS & METHODS 

DISTRIBUTION & PANEL BOARDS 

BRANCH WIRING & DEVICES 

LIGHTING 

LIGHTING FIXTURES 

SPECIAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS 

EMERGENCY POWER & LIGHTS 

OTHER SPECIFY: 

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 

CCTV & TELEPHONE 

SECURITY SYSTEMS 

ELECTRICAL HEATING SYSTEM 

GENERAL CONDITIONS

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 

EQUIPMENT

SPECIAL EQUIPMENT 

BUILT IN MAINT EQUIPMENT 

FOOD SERVICE 

VENDING 

WASTE HANDLING 

POSTAL 

WATER TREATMENT 

FINISHES 

SPECIFY: 

09 

10 

11 

60 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

10 

20 

01 

02 

01 

01 

02 

01 

02 

01 

02 

03 

04 

05 

06 

m2

 (SQ FT) SOLAR PANEL 

KW SEE 

KVA ATTACHMENT 

KVA "D" 

KVA FIG. NO.1 

m2

 (SQ FT) SERVED 

m2

 (SQ FT) SERVED 

m2

 (SQ FT) SERVED 

m2

 (SQ FT) SERVED 

m2

 (SQ FT) SERVED 

m2

 (SQ FT) SERVED 

m2

 (SQ FT) SERVED 

LUMP SUM 

DURATION OF CONTRACT 

DURA. OF CONT. WEEKS 

# OF PIECES OF EQUIPMENT 

# OF PIECES OF EQUIPMENT 

# OF PIECES OF EQUIPMENT 

# OF PIECES OF EQUIPMENT 

# OF PIECES OF EQUIPMENT 

# OF PIECES OF EQUIPMENT 

# OF PIECES OF EQUIPMENT 

# OF PIECES OF EQUIPMENT 

ATTACHMENT "E" PAGE 4 OF 5 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

ATTACHMENT E – Cost Estimating Section Details, Level A thru C 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates Page 5-125

SYSTEM OR SUBSYSTEM CODE UNIT OF MEASURE 

NAME A B C D 

SPECIAL CONSTRUCTION 

SPECIFY: 

TOTAL BUILDING COST

SITEWORK

SITE PREPARATION 

CLEARING 

DEMOLITION (GENERAL) 

DEMOLITION (BUILDING) 

EARTHWORK (SITE) 

SITE IMPROVEMENTS 

PAVING (OTHER THAN MASONRY) 

LANDSCAPING 

CONCRETE-FORM-RB (SITE) 

PRECAST COMPONENTS (SITE) 

MASONRY PAVING (SITE) 

MISC ORNAMENTAL MTLS (SITE) 

FLAG POLES 

SITE UTILITIES 

LAWN SPRINKLERS 

MECH UTILITIES 

ELEC UTILITIES 

TRANSFORMERS 

 ENCLOS (UNLESS SELF CONTAINED) 

EMERGENCY GENERATORS 

EMER GEN BLDG/ENCLOSURE 

CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SUPPLY 

 (OIL TANKS, GAS METERS, ETC.) 

SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM (SITE) 

 (COLLECTION, DISTR, STORAGE) 

OFF SITE WORK 

SPECIFY: 

TOTAL BASE CONSTRUCTION COST

11 

__ 

12 

__ 

30 

__ 

10 

20 

30 

40 

__ 

__ 

01 

02 

03 

04 

01 

02 

03 

04 

05 

06 

07 

01 

02 

03 

04 

05 

06 

07 

08 

09 

10 

__ 

__ 

__ 

__ 

__ 

DESIGN NET AREA 

m2

 (SQ FT)(INCL IN PROJ) 

m2

 (SQ FT)(INCL IN PROJ) 

m2

 (SQ FT)(CLEARED) 

LUMP SUM 

m3

 (CU FT) BUILDING 

m2

 (SQ FT)(INVOLVED) 

m2

 (SQ FT)(INCL IN PROJ) 

m2

 (SQ YDS) SURFACE 

m2

 (SQ FT) LANDSCAPING 

m3

 (CU YDS) CONCRETE 

LUMP SUM 

m2

 (SQ FT) SURFACE 

kg (POUNDS) METAL 

# OF POLES 

m2

 (SQ FT)(INCL IN PROJ) 

m2

 (SQ FT) SPRINKLED 

LENGTH OF PIPE 

KVA 

KVA 

m2

 (SQ FT) OF BLDG/ENCLOS 

KW OF GENERATOR 

m2

 (SQ FT) BUILDING 

m2

 (SQ FT) SOLAR PANEL 

LUMP SUM 

ATTACHMENT "E" PAGE 5 OF 5
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

ATTACHMENT F – Procedure for Computation of Building Gross Areas for New and Alteration 

l. The A/E shall submit to the Contracting Officer a report of the gross area of his design at each of 

his submissions. 

2. The A/E shall prepare the gross area computation as follows: Submit a small-scale plan of each 

individual floor. Subdivide each floor into rectangle with each rectangle designated by a capital 

letter. List all the letters on one floor alphabetically. Clearly indicate length and width of each 

lettered area and the total square meters (footage) of each lettered area in tabular form. Show the 

sum of these areas as the "Designed Gross Area". 

3. Area Computation: (See Attached Diagram) 

4. List of Computations: 

First Floor 

Area L W. m2

 (S F). 

A X Y = m2

 (s.f.) B " " = 

C " " = 

etc. " " = 

Design Gross Area for the first floor: s.f. 

(Similar computation for every floor) 

Recapitulation 

Basement m2

 (s.f.) 

1st floor m2

 (s.f.) 

Penthouse m2

 (s.f.)

Total Designed Target Gross 

Gross Area _________m2

 (s.f.) Area ________ m2 (s.f.) 

5. Special Areas To Be Considered: 

 

 a. Areas Which Are Not Counted in Gross Area 

 Outside ramps or steps (without cover) 

 Exposed mechanical equipment enclosed with a screen wall but not roofed 

 Fuel tanks or pneumatic tanks placed underground 

 Fuel storage tanks placed on a slab at ground level enclosed by a fence or screen 

 Areaways 

 Other roofed areas or passage without enclosing walls 

ATTACHMENT "F" PAGE 1 OF 2 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10 

ATTACHMENT F – Procedure for Computation of Building Gross Areas for New and Alteration 

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates

C

B

A

D

DIAGRAM SHOWING METHOD OF SUBDIVIDING BUILDING FOR GROSS AREA 

CONSTRUCTION 

ATTACHMENT "F" PAGE 2 OF 2 
NCA Facilities Design Guide 

ATTACHMENT G – MP Cost Estimate Summary Sheet 

MASTER PLAN COST ESTIMATE SUMMARY SHEE

LOCATION: ___________________________________ TITLE: _______________________________PROJ. NO.: ________________ EST FIRM.: ________________ PHONE NO.: ________TOTAL ACRES: _______________________ PHASE 1 ACRES: _____________________

DATE BOECHK TOTAL PRO

PREP. INDEX BLDGS SITE TOTAL BLDGS SITE 

MP1 XXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXX MP2 XXXXXX XXXXXX XXXXXX M P3M P4

Criteria for Preparation of Cost Estimates 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10

5.10 CRITERIA FOR DEVELOPMENT OF CPM PHASING 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

TABLE-OF-CONTENTS

1. GENERAL 

2. PHASING NARRATIVE 

3. PHASING PLANS 

4. EXAMPLE 1A 

5. EXAMPLE 1B

Criteria for Development of CPM Phasing Page 5-129 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10

Criteria for Development of CPM Phasing Page 5-130 

5.10 CRITERIA FOR DEVELOPMENT OF CPM PHASING 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

1 GENERAL: 

1.1 Follow this criteria and the current edition of VA Construction Standards, VA 

Handbooks, VA Program Guides, and NCA Master Specifications in development of 

CPM phasing. 

2. PHASING NARRATIVE (Example 1A attached): Provide a narrative to outline phasing 

requirements and sequence. Identify all areas of the project as a part of some phase. Each 

phase description shall include constraints particular to that phase, what other phases must 

precede it, and any VA moves which must precede the start of the phase or phases. If 

equipment and other removable items require storage and relocation by the Government, 

these requirements shall be listed in the phasing narrative. List special phasing constraints, 

which may be common to the project, at the end of the narrative and not within each 

individual phase description. 

3. PHASING PLANS:

 3.1 Individual Phases: Outline and label individual phases on all the submitted 

schematics and first design development plans including site, architectural, 

structural, HVAC, plumbing, sanitary, steam, and electrical drawings. NOTE: outline 

phases on the submitted full size drawings. Prepare a separate set of phasing plans 

(Example "1B" of phasing drawings is attached). 

 3.2 Engineering Systems: Design so that, upon completion of a particular phase, VA 

personnel can occupy the entire area covered by that phase with all systems 

functioning properly. 

 3.3 Temporary System: The design may be such that a temporary system is necessary, 

which will be changed to a permanent system at some later point in the project. This 

temporary system must be satisfactory to provide proper functional and 

environmental conditions within the occupied space or the facility until the final 

system can be installed without major interruption of service. The A/E's submission 

shall highlight in writing (by technical discipline) for each phase all solutions including 

temporary solution(s) required to accommodate the phasing plan while keeping all 

systems functioning properly. 

 3.4 Phasing Diagram: An arrow diagram that shows the sequence and dependency of 

phases within the project. 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10

4. EXAMPLE 1A:

NTP PHASE 1 PHASE 2 PHASE 3

PHASE 4

PROJECTCOMPLETE

PHASING DIAGRAM

430 CALENDAR DAYS

EXAMPLE 1A

Criteria for Development of CPM Phasing Page 5-131 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10

 GENERAL: Work under this contract shall be divided into four(4) phases. The contractor shall 

perform the work in each phase in the logic sequence shown on the phasing 

network(Drawing CPM-2). 

 PHASE 1: Consists of alterations to the Maintenance Complex, alterations to Committal 

Service Shelters, and the development of gravesites. 

 

 PHASE 2: This phase shall begin after completion of Phase 1. Phase 2 consists of 

renovation to the existing assembly area, construction of the restroom building, 

and the development of gravesites. 

 

 PHASE 3: This phase shall begin after completion of Phase 2. Phase 3 consists of 

construction of the Garden Niche area, and the development of gravesites. 

 PHASE 4: This phase shall begin at Notice to Proceed and complete at the completion of the 

project. Phase 4 consists of the construction of the new lake B bypass channel 

and the development of gravesites. 

5. SPECIAL PHASING REQUIREMENTS

 A. Contractor shall construct dust partitions prior to the start of demolition and 

they must remain in place until the completion of that phase or subsequent 

phases where required. 

 B. Contractor shall perform all work in or adjacent to VA occupied areas in such 

a manner to ensure: 

 1) The continuous and uninterrupted use of all occupied areas, including 

the applicable mechanical and electrical systems serving these areas. 

 2) Protection of personnel in occupied areas from the hazards and dust 

associated with a construction environment. 

 3) The work areas are to be kept clear, clean, and free of loose debris, 

construction materials, and partially installed work which would create 

a safety hazard or interfere with personnel duties and traffic. The 

contractor shall sweep the areas clean at the end of each work day 

and make every effort to keep dust and noise to a minimum at all 

times. 

 

 C. Temporary interruptions or shutdown of any utility or electrical/mechanical 

system should be requested from the R/E 48 hours prior to the desired time, 

and should be performed at times other than the cemetery's normal hours of 

operation or as directed by the R/E. 

 D. Two weeks (14 calendar days) prior to starting work in any phase, the 

contractor shall notify the R/E, in writing, of date he plans to complete the 

preceding phase. In no case will be contractor begin work in any phase 

without obtaining written approval from the R/E. 

 E. The sequence of work and duration as shown on the phasing diagram on 

Drawing CPM-___ are contractual and the contractor must complete all work 

Criteria for Development of CPM Phasing Page 5-132 
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10

Criteria for Development of CPM Phasing Page 5-133 

in each phase with VA inspecting and accepting the work, prior to the 

contractor proceeding to the next scheduled phase. 

 F. The sample CPM Network Drawing CPM-1 is for the contractor's information. 

The sample network indicates the level of detail and technique which will be 

required on the contractor's network and described in the NAS Section of the 

Specifications. The CPM notes and legend on Drawing CPM-1 are 

contractual. 

5. EXAMPLE 1B: (See below) 

Example 1B

PHASE 2

PHASE 4

PHASE 3

PHASE 1

PHASING PLAN
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10

5.11 GRAPHIC STANDARDS 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. DRAFTING STANDARDS 

2. CAD SOFTWARE 

3. SHEET BORDERS AND DRAWING TEMPLATE 

4. DRAWING MATERIAL AND SIZE 

5. SIZE AND SCALE 

6. GENERAL INFORMATION 

7. IDENTIFICATION OF DRAWINGS 

Graphic Standards Page 5-134
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10

5.11 GRAPHIC STANDARDS 

FOR NATIONAL CEMETERY PROJECTS 

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 

1. DRAFTING STANDARDS 

A. In order to establish drafting standards for the preparation of design and 

construction documents using Computer Aided Drafting, the VA has adopted 

the entire National CAD Standard, latest release, and amended by “VHA 

National CAD Standard Application Guide”. 

2. CAD SOFTWARE 

A. The recommended CAD software platform is AutoCAD by AutoDesk, Inc. or 

Microstation by Bentley. The most recent AutoCAD release is acceptable, 

with downward compatibility to the AutoCAD 2000 release 

B. Other CAD software platforms are acceptable if their output files are 

convertible to .DWG format with an acceptable level of accuracy. 

3. SHEET BORDERS AND DRAWING TEMPLATE 

A. The standard VA title block, a template drawing sheet, and a standard 

AutoCAD .ctb file may be found on the TIL. 

B. For Schematics and Design Development Drawings, stamp tracings or sepias 

above the title block in large font stating as appropriate either "Schematics 

ONLY" or "Design Development ONLY", and in small font "NOT for 

Construction". 

4. DRAWING MATERIAL AND SIZE 

A. Plot VA drawings on mylar reproducibles [photographic polyester base film, 

76 μm (0.003 inch) minimum thickness], moist erasable image of high 

resolution. 

B. Standard size sheets are 1069 mm (42 inches) long by 762 mm (30 inches) 

wide. 

5. SIZE AND SCALE 

A. Use minimum lettering height of 3 mm (1/8 inch) to permit microfilming at 

1:30 and future enlargement of the microfilm to full size. Typewritten notes 

are preferable, although not required. Hold screening, shading, 

crosshatching and other indications of materials or locations to a minimum. 

Place symbols and lettering so that they are not confused with dimension 

lines, arrowheads, or other indications. 

Graphic Standards Page 5-135
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10

6. GENERAL INFORMATION 

A. Organize and number drawings into technical classifications as listed in Item 

5.11.7, Identification of Drawings. 

B. Indicate scales by note for each plan, section and detail on each drawing. 

Provide graphic scales. 

C. Show north arrow indicators on plan sheets. 

D. Orient plans with North toward the top of the drawing. 

E. Note section symbol on the referenced sheet location. 

F. Indicate the relationship of details, plans, elevations, and sections, other than 

standard details, by cross-reference. Note the sheet number and drawing 

location of detailed feature on details and sections. Provide key plans on 

stair-section sheets to indicate the location of the stairs in the buildings. 

G. Provide a key plan to show the location of a portion of a plan or elevation with 

respect to the total project. 

H. Use standard VA legends, abbreviations, and symbols provided in VA 

documents PG-18-4, PG-18-5, and PG-18-14 when developing VA drawings 

and specifications. 

I. Do not write specification information on contract drawings. Show notes or 

dimension information on the 1:100 (1/8 inch) scale drawings or 1:50 (1/4 

inch) scale drawings, but not on both. Do not repeat drawing information on 

plans, elevations or details. 

J. Clearly distinguish between new, existing, and replacement items of work. 

K. Locate room names and room numbers within the spaces to which they apply 

and locate equipment symbols or names adjacent to the equipment shown on 

the floor plans, unless specific approval is obtained from the project manager 

to do otherwise. 

L. Indicate all smoke barriers and fire-rated partitions only on architectural, 

HVAC, plumbing, and electrical 1:100 (1/8-inch) scale floor plans. 

M. Show future expansions (both vertical and horizontal) by dotted lines on site 

plans, architectural floor plans, engineering floor plans, and in elevations and 

sections. 

Graphic Standards Page 5-136
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10

7. IDENTIFICATION OF DRAWINGS 

A. Bind all drawings into sets and identify drawing classification, relative order of 

issue, amendment, and change order by symbols placed on drawing title 

blocks as described below: 

Cover sheet(include Index to Drawings on small projects) 

Index to Drawings start with ..........................................................................X1 

Sub-Surface Investigation start with..............................................................B1 

Site Development (including Irrigation and Demolition) 

start with ........................................................................................................ L1 

Sanitary start with.........................................................................................W1 

Irrigation ......................................................................................................... I1 

Demolition .....................................................................................................D1 

Asbestos Removal start with ....................................................................ASB1 

Architectural start with ..................................................................................... 1 

Structural start with........................................................................................S1 

Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning start with......................................H1 

Plumbing start with ........................................................................................P1 

Electrical start with ........................................................................................E1 

National Cemetery Master Plans start with ................................................MP1 

1) Drawings for each new project shall begin with number one. The 

drawings will be distinguished by their project titles and dates. 

 

2) The preferred method for classifying drawings is by identification of 

technical information shown on drawing, for example, Architectural or 

Electrical. However, an exception is made when one design discipline 

has limited work. Show this limited work on a drawing with another 

classification. The drawing number shall show the symbol for the 

major work classification; indicate that other work is shown on the 

same drawing by a description, such as in Plumbing, above the title 

block. 

3) When work including two or more buildings is described on a single 

drawing, the sheet shall bear the number of the building involving the 

work of the major magnitude; indicate that work on other buildings is 

shown on the same drawing by a note above the title block. 

B. Amendment Construction Drawings 

1) Issue a drawing which is produced to supersede an original working 

drawing as a corrected photocopy mylar reproduction of the original 

drawing, if practicable. Identify the number of this amendment 

drawing with the number of the sheet it replaces plus the suffix "R". 

 Identify additional replacements of the same drawing as - "R2"-"R3", 

etc. Note the revisions dates. Place the words "Amendment Drawing" 

above the title block with a statement of the original drawing which it 

supersedes. 

Graphic Standards Page 5-137
NCA Facilities Design Guide March 10

Graphic Standards Page 5-138

2) Give a drawing, which supersedes a portion of an original working 

drawing, a new number in sequence with other drawing numbers. 

Place the notation Amendment Drawing. above the title block with a 

statement of the drawing number of the original drawing it modifies. 

Insert the date of the amendment on the drawing. Place a cross 

reference note, on the superseded drawing, calling attention to the 

amendments. 

C. Change Order Construction Drawings. Give a drawing, which describes the 

work involved in a "Change Order", a number in sequence with the original 

drawings. Place the words "CHANGE ORDER" above the title block with a 

statement of the drawing which it modifies or supersedes. Insert the date of 

the change order on the drawing. Place a cross reference note calling 

attention to the change order on the superseded or modified tracing. For 

reference prints in Central Office or on the project site in the possession of 

the Resident Engineer, stamp drawings with ; "See Change Order Drawing 

No._______, dated_______." 

D. Reissue Construction Drawings 

1) When a complete set of working drawings is to be reissued without 

change, remove the original date and insert the new date of the 

reissue. 

2) When a complete set of working drawings is to be reissued with 

changes, provide a photocopy mylar reproduction of the original 

drawings, where feasible, with changes incorporated. These 

reproductions (or drawings) shall retain original dates and drawing 

numbers with the suffix - "R", but the reissue date shall appear in the 

Revision column. 

3) When some drawings only of an entire set are changed, the entire set 

shall retain original dates and drawing numbers with the suffix "R" 

added; and the reissue date shall appear in Revision column of the 

changed drawings only. 

E. Completion Item Construction Drawings. Completion Items are additional 

work required beyond the original contract and after its completion. 

1) Provide drawings prepared to describe Completion Items with drawing 

numbers in sequence with last working drawing of a series, i.e., 

"Architectural", "Structural", "Electrical", etc., and earlier Change 

Order and Completion Item drawings. The Project Manager shall 

assign the drawing numbers. Insert the words, "COMPLETION ITEM 

NO._______" above the title block. The VA Project Manager shall 

assign the Completion Item numbers and drawing numbers. 

2) Title blocks of Completion Item drawings shall bear the same project 

titles and project numbers as the original working drawings. A sheet 

title shall appear in the top spaces of the title block. Date the 

drawings to reflect the date on which prints and sepias were ordered 

for the VA Project Manager. 

- - - END - - -