Smart The

Grid

NIST Role in the Smar

George W. Arnold, Eng.Sc.D.

National Coordinator for Smart Grid Interop

National Institute of Standards and Techn

June 9, 2009
Smart The

Grid

Drivers for the Smart Grid

Achieving Changes in...• Generation

– Renewables– Variability– Storage– Distributed resources

• Load

– Reduce peaking– Energy management– Plug in vehicles

• Reliability and Security

– Improved measurement 

and control

– Risk-based approach

• Require

– Automated 

operation, c

– 2-way flow 

information

– Interoperab– Standards 
Smart The

Grid Key Industry Players in Sm

American Electric PowerCenterPoint EnergyConsolidated EdisonConstellationDuke EnergyExelonFlorida Power & LightMidAmerican EnergyNational Grid USAPacific Gas and Electric

PEPCO Sempra EnergySouthern California EdisonSouthern CompaniesXcel EnergyBonneville Power Admin.*Tennessee Valley Authority*

California ISO Electric Reliability Council of Texas Florida Reliability Coordinating Council ISO New England

MidwTranOpeNew PJM Sout

ABBBeacon Power SystemsEatonElsterEmersonGEGridpointLandis+Gyr

ItronS&CSchneider ElectricSiemensSmartSyncSouthwireThomas & BettsTIAX

AccentureBoeingCiscoGoogleIBM

IntelMicrSilveAT&Veriz

American Public Power AssociationAssociation of Edison Illuminating CompaniesEdison Electric InstituteElectric Power Research InstituteNational Electric Manufacturers AssociationNational Rural Electric Cooperative Association

American National Standards InsAmerican Society of Heating, RefEngineersInternational Electrotechnical ComIEEEInternational Society of AutomatioNational Electrical Manufacturers National Fire Protection AssociatiNorth American Electric Reliability North American Energy StandardOrganization for Advancement of Society of Automotive EngieersUnderwriters Laboratories

Utilities Independent System O

Regional Transmission 

Industry AssociationsElectric Industry Suppliers

Standards OrganizationIT and Telecom

* Federal entities
Smart The

Grid

The NIST Role

In cooperation with the DoE, NEMA, IEEEother stakeholders, NIST has “primary recoordinate development of a frameworincludes protocols and model standards fmanagement to achieve interoperability grid devices and systems...”

Energy Independence and Security Act (EIS

Title XIII, Section 1305. 

Smart Grid Interoperability Framew
Smart The

Grid Why NIST?

• Smart Grid standards require integratio

NIST skills:

• Electric utility industry measurement res• Advanced network technology• Industrial controls and interfaces• Buildings and electrical infrastructure• Computer and network security• Documentary standards expertise• Testing and certification experience• Reputation as a neutral “honest broker”

and convener
Smart The

Grid

NIST Has Dual Roles

Measurement

and Standards 

Research

Documentary 

Standards

Expertise

Strong leadership in coordinat

documentary standards develop
Smart The

Grid The Need for Standards is 

Example: S• $40 - $50 

deployme

• Underway • ARRA will • Rapid tech

evolution

• Absence o

standards

• Source: Cong

Service Repo

7
Wide Area Network

What Interoperability Standards a

Bulk Power 

Generation 

Operations

Transmission

Operations

Retail Delive

Operations 

Back Cust

Market

Operations

DistributedEnergy Resources

Electricity Information 

Meterin

Distribution

Operations

Standards are needed for each of the interfaces shown to sup

grid applications. Standards are also needed for data netwo
Example: Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle 

SA

SAE 

IEEE 1547 (distributed energy interconnecti

ANSI/NEMA C12 (Meter)

NFPA(NationalElectricCode)

Additional standards will be needed for: communications/Informatiomanagement, power injection management, operations and mainteroaming. 

Coordination is required among several standa

UL (Enclosures)

IEEE(NationalElectricSafety Code)
Smart The

Grid We Need A Standards Ro

• Capabilities• Priorities• Reference Model• Standards• Release Plan• Responsibilities• Governance• Testing and 

Certification
Smart The

Grid

Comparison of Smart Grid wGeneration Telecom Network

Telecom

Next Generation Network

Real‐world examples Verizon FiOS, AT&T Uverse XceFirst trials 2004 200

Standards coordinationstarted

2003 200

# key standards bodies 3 12

Release 1 standards issued 2005 200

Release 2 issued 2008 Wil

bas

# standards documents ~600 so far WilNature of standards Mostly mix & match of

existing standards

Mix 

stan
Smart The

Grid

NIST Three Phase Plan

PHASE 1

Identify an initial set of 

existing consensus 

standards and develop 

a roadmap to fill gaps

PHASE 2

Establish public/

Standards Panel to 

ongoing recommend

new/revised stand

inclusion in NIST fr

PHA

Testi

Certif

Fram

March September

2009 201
Smart The

Grid

Standard ApplicationAMI‐SEC System Security

Requirements

Advanced metering 

security

ANSI C12.19/MC1219 Revenue metering 

BACnet ANSI ASHRAE 135‐2008/ISO16484‐5

Building automatio

DNP3 Substation and fee

IEC 60870‐6 / TASE.2 Inter‐control cente

IEC 61850 Substation automa

IEC 61968/61970 Application level en

IEC 62351 Parts 1‐8 Information securit

IEEE C37.118 Phasor measureme

IEEE 1547 Physical and electri

distributed generat

IEEE 1686‐2007 Security for intellig

NERC CIP 002‐009 Cyber security stan

NIST Special Publication (SP) 800‐

53, NIST SP 800‐82

Cyber security stan

systems, including 

Open Automated Demand

Response (Open ADR)

Price responsive an

OpenHAN Home Area Networ

control

ZigBee/HomePlug Smart EnergyProfile

Home Area Networ

Model

Initial Standards Identified for Inclusion in NIST Interoperability Framework Release 1.0
Smart The

Grid Roadmap Focus Areas

• FERC-identified priority applications:

– Demand Response– Wide-Area Situational Awareness– Electric Storage– Electric Transportation

• Additional priority applications:

– Advanced Metering Infrastructure– Distribution Grid, including Distributed Energ

Integration

• Cross-cutting priorities

– Cybersecurity– Data networking
Smart The

Grid

Phase 2: Standards Pane

• Launch Smart Grid Interoperability Stan

by Year End 2009

• Representation from all stakeholder gro• Administered by private sector organiza• RFP in May 2009• Functions:

– Evolve Roadmap– Ongoing coordination– Recommend new or revised standards for N– Monitor implementation

15
Smart The

Grid A Once In A Lifetime Opp