EXHIBIT B 

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Reopening Guidance for Cleaning and Disinfecting Public

Spaces, Workplaces, Businesses, Schools, and Homes

CDC/EPA Cleaning & Disinfecting Guidance

Updated May 7, 2020 Print

This guidance is intended for all Americans,

whether you own a business, run a school, or

want to ensure the cleanliness and safety of your

home. Reopening America requires all of us to

move forward together by practicing social

distancing and other daily habits to reduce our

risk of exposure to the virus that causes COVID19. Reopening the country also strongly relies on

public health strategies, including increased

testing of people for the virus, social distancing,

isolation, and keeping track of how someone

infected might have infected other people. This

plan is part of the larger United States

Government plan and focuses on cleaning and

disinfecting public spaces, workplaces,

businesses, schools, and can also be applied to your home.

Cleaning and disinfecting public spaces including your workplace, school, home, and business will require you to:

Develop your plan

Implement your plan

Maintain and revise your plan

Reducing the risk of exposure to COVID-19 by cleaning and disinfection is an important part of reopening public spaces that

will require careful planning. Every American has been called upon to slow the spread of the virus through social distancing

and prevention hygiene, such as frequently washing your hands and wearing masks. Everyone also has a role in making sure

our communities are as safe as possible to reopen and remain open.

The virus that causes COVID-19 can be killed if you use the right products. EPA has compiled a list of disinfectant products

that can be used against COVID-19, including ready-to-use sprays, concentrates, and wipes. Each product has been shown to

be eective against viruses that are harder to kill than viruses like the one that causes COVID-19.

This document provides a general framework for cleaning and disinfection practices. The framework is based on doing the

following:

1. Normal routine cleaning with soap and water will decrease how much of the virus is on surfaces and objects, which

reduces the risk of exposure.

2. Disinfection using EPA-approved disinfectants against COVID-19 can also help reduce the risk.  Frequent disinfection

of surfaces and objects touched by multiple people is important.

3. When EPA-approved disinfectants are not available, alternative disinfectants can be used (for example, 1/3 cup of

5.25%–8.25% bleach added to 1 gallon of water, or 70% alcohol solutions). Do not mix bleach or other cleaning and

disinfection products together. This can cause fumes that may be very dangerous to breathe in. Bleach solutions will be

Cleaning & Disinfecting Decision Tool

Reopening Guidance for Cleaning and Disinfecting  [PDF – 9 pages]

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) MENU 

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eective for disinfection up to 24 hours. Keep all disinfectants out of the reach of children. Read EPA’s infographic on

how to use these disinfectant products  safely and eectively.

Links to specic recommendations for many public spaces that use this framework, can be found at the end of this document.

It’s important to continue to follow federal, state, tribal, territorial, and local guidance for reopening America.

A Few Important Reminders about Coronaviruses and Reducing

the Risk of Exposure:

Coronaviruses on surfaces and objects naturally die within hours to days. Warmer temperatures and exposure to

sunlight will reduce the time the virus survives on surfaces and objects.

Normal routine cleaning with soap and water removes germs and dirt from surfaces. It lowers the risk of spreading

COVID-19 infection.

Disinfectants kill germs on surfaces. By killing germs on a surface after cleaning, you can further lower the risk of

spreading infection. EPA-approved disinfectants are an important part of reducing the risk of exposure to COVID-19.

If disinfectants on this list are in short supply, alternative disinfectants can be used (for example, 1/3 cup of 5.25%–8.25%

bleach added to 1 gallon of water, or 70% alcohol solutions).  Bleach solutions will be eective for disinfection up to 24

hours.

Store and use disinfectants in a responsible and appropriate manner according to the label.  Do not mix bleach or other

cleaning and disinfection products together–this can cause fumes that may be very dangerous to breathe in. Keep all

disinfectants out of the reach of children.

Do not overuse or stockpile disinfectants or other supplies.  This can result in shortages of appropriate products for

others to use in critical situations.

Always wear gloves appropriate for the chemicals being used when you are cleaning and disinfecting. Additional

personal protective equipment (PPE) may be needed based on setting and product. For more information, see CDC’s

website on Cleaning and Disinfection for Community Facilities.

Practice social distancing, wear facial coverings, and follow proper prevention hygiene, such as washing your hands

frequently and using alcohol-based (at least 60% alcohol) hand sanitizer when soap and water are not available.

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Always read and follow the directions on the label to ensure safe and eective use.

Wear skin protection and consider eye protection for potential splash hazards

Ensure adequate ventilation

Use no more than the amount recommended on the label

Use water at room temperature for dilution (unless stated otherwise on the label)

Avoid mixing chemical products

Label diluted cleaning solutions

Store and use chemicals out of the reach of children and pets

You should never eat, drink, breathe or inject these products into your body or apply directly to your skin as they can

cause serious harm. Do not wipe or bathe pets with these products or any other products that are not approved for

animal use.

See EPA’s 6 steps for Safe and Eective Disinfectant Use .

Special considerations should be made for people with asthma and they should not be present when cleaning and

disinfecting is happening as this can trigger asthma exacerbations. Learn more about reducing asthma triggers.

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If you oversee sta in a workplace, your plan should include considerations about the safety of custodial sta and other

people who are carrying out the cleaning or disinfecting. These people are at increased risk of being exposed to the virus

and to any toxic eects of the cleaning chemicals. These sta should wear appropriate PPE for cleaning and disinfecting.

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To protect your sta and to ensure that the products are used eectively, sta should be instructed on how to apply the

disinfectants according to the label. For more information on concerns related to cleaning sta, visit the Occupational

Safety and Health Administration’s website on Control and Prevention. 

Develop Your Plan

Evaluate your workplace, school, home, or business to determine what kinds of surfaces and materials make up that area.

Most surfaces and objects will just need normal routine cleaning. Frequently touched surfaces and objects like light switches

and doorknobs will need to be cleaned and then disinfected to further reduce the risk of germs on surfaces and objects.

First, clean the surface or object with soap and water.

Then, disinfect using an EPA-approved disinfectant .

If an EPA-approved disinfectant is unavailable, you can use 1/3 cup of 5.25%–8.25% bleach added to 1 gallon of water, or

70% alcohol solutions to disinfect. Do not mix bleach or other cleaning and disinfection products together. Bleach

solutions will be eective for disinfection up to 24 hours.  Find additional information at CDC’s website on Cleaning and

Disinfecting Your Facility.

You should also consider what items can be moved or removed completely to reduce frequent handling or contact from

multiple people. Soft and porous materials, such as area rugs and seating, may be removed or stored to reduce the

challenges with cleaning and disinfecting them. Find additional reopening guidance for cleaning and disinfecting in the

Reopening Decision Tool .

It is critical that your plan includes how to maintain a cleaning and disinfecting strategy after reopening. Develop a exible

plan with your sta or family, adjusting the plan as federal, state, tribal, territorial, or local guidance is updated and if your

specic circumstances change.

Determine what needs to be cleaned

Some surfaces only need to be cleaned with soap and water. For example, surfaces and objects that are not frequently

touched should be cleaned and do not require additional disinfection. Additionally, disinfectants should typically not be

applied on items used by children, especially any items that children might put in their mouths. Many disinfectants are toxic

when swallowed. In a household setting, cleaning toys and other items used by children with soap and water is usually

sucient. Find more information on cleaning and disinfection toys and other surfaces in the childcare program setting at

CDC’s Guidance for Childcare Programs that Remain Open.

These questions will help you decide which surfaces and objects will need normal routine cleaning.

Is the area outdoors?

Outdoor areas generally require normal routine cleaning and do not require disinfection. Spraying disinfectant on sidewalks

and in parks is not an ecient use of disinfectant supplies and has not been proven to reduce the risk of COVID-19 to the

public. You should maintain existing cleaning and hygiene practices for outdoor areas.

The targeted use of disinfectants can be done eectively, eciently and safely on outdoor hard surfaces and objects

frequently touched by multiple people. Certain outdoor areas and facilities, such as bars and restaurants, may have additional

requirements. More information can be found on FDA’s website on Food Safety and the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

.

There is no evidence that the virus that causes COVID-19 can spread directly to humans from water in pools, hot tubs or spas,

or water play areas. Proper operation, maintenance, and disinfection (for example, with chlorine or bromine) of pools, hot

tubs or spas, and water playgrounds should kill the virus that causes COVID-19. However, there are additional concerns with

outdoor areas that may be maintained less frequently, including playgrounds, or other facilities located within local, state, or

national parks. For more information, visit CDC’s website on Visiting Parks & Recreational Facilities.

Has the area been unoccupied for the last 7 days?

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p 7 y

If your workplace, school, or business has been unoccupied for 7 days or more, it will only need your normal routine cleaning

to reopen the area. This is because the virus that causes COVID-19 has not been shown to survive on surfaces longer than this

time.

There are many public health considerations, not just COVID-19 related, when reopening public buildings and spaces that

have been closed for extended periods. For example, take measures to ensure the safety of your building water system. It is

not necessary to clean ventilation systems, other than routine maintenance, as part of reducing risk of corona viruses. For

healthcare facilities, additional guidance is provided on CDC’s Guidelines for Environmental Infection Control in Health-Care

Facilities .

Determine what needs to be disinfected

Following your normal routine cleaning, you can disinfect frequently touched surfaces and objects using a product from EPA’s

list of approved products that are eective against  COVID-19.

These questions will help you choose appropriate disinfectants.

Are you cleaning or disinfecting a hard and non-porous material or item

like glass, metal, or plastic?

Consult EPA’s list of approved products for use against COVID-19 . This list will help you determine the most appropriate

disinfectant for the surface or object. You can use diluted household bleach solutions if appropriate for the surface. Pay

special attention to the personal protective equipment (PPE) that may be needed to safely apply the disinfectant and the

manufacturer’s recommendations concerning any additional hazards. Keep all disinfectants out of the reach of children.

Please visit CDC’s website on How to Clean and Disinfect for additional details and warnings.

Examples of frequently touched surfaces and objects that will need routine disinfection following reopening are:

tables,

doorknobs,

light switches,

countertops,

handles,

desks,

phones,

keyboards,

toilets,

faucets and sinks,

gas pump handles,

touch screens, and

ATM machines

Each business or facility will have dierent surfaces and objects that are frequently touched by multiple people. Appropriately

disinfect these surfaces and objects. For example, transit stations have specic guidance for application of cleaning and

disinfection.

Are you cleaning or disinfecting a soft and porous material or items like

carpet, rugs, or seating in areas?

Soft and porous materials are generally not as easy to disinfect as hard and non-porous surfaces. EPA has listed a limited

number of products approved for disinfection for use on soft and porous materials . Soft and porous materials that are not

frequently touched should only be cleaned or laundered, following the directions on the item’s label, using the warmest

appropriate water setting. Find more information on CDC’s website on Cleaning and Disinfecting Your Facility for developing

strategies for dealing with soft and porous materials.

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st ateg es o dea g t so t a d po ous ate a s.

Consider the resources and equipment needed

Keep in mind the availability of cleaning and disinfection products and appropriate PPE. Always wear gloves appropriate for

the chemicals being used for routine cleaning and disinfecting. Follow the directions on the disinfectant label for additional

PPE needs. In specic instances, personnel with specialized training and equipment may be required to apply certain

disinfectants such as fumigants or fogs. For more information on appropriate PPE for cleaning and disinfection, see CDC’s

website on Cleaning and Disinfection for Community Facilities.

Implement Your Plan

Once you have a plan, it’s time to take action. Read all manufacturer’s instructions for the cleaning and disinfection products

you will use. Put on your gloves and other required personal protective equipment (PPE) to begin the process of cleaning and

disinfecting.

Clean visibly dirty surfaces with soap and water

Clean surfaces and objects using soap and water prior to disinfection. Always wear gloves appropriate for the chemicals being

used for routine cleaning and disinfecting. Follow the directions on the disinfectant label for additional PPE needs. When you

nish cleaning, remember to wash hands thoroughly with soap and water.

Clean or launder soft and porous materials like seating in an oce or coee shop, area rugs, and carpets. Launder items

according to the manufacturer’s instructions, using the warmest temperature setting possible and dry items completely.

Use the appropriate cleaning or disinfectant product

 EPA approved disinfectants , when applied according to the manufacturer’s label, are eective for use against COVID-19.

Follow the instructions on the label for all cleaning and disinfection products for concentration, dilution, application method,

contact time and any other special considerations when applying.

Always follow the directions on the label

Follow the instructions on the label to ensure safe and eective use of the product. Many product labels recommend keeping

the surface wet for a specic amount of time. The label will also list precautions such as wearing gloves and making sure you

have good ventilation during use of the product. Keep all disinfectants out of the reach of children.

Maintain and Revise Your Plan

Take steps to reduce your risk of exposure to the virus that causes COVID-19 during daily activities. CDC provides tips to

reduce your exposure and risk of acquiring COVID-19. Reducing exposure to yourself and others is a shared responsibility.

Continue to update your plan based on updated guidance and your current circumstances.

Continue routine cleaning and disinfecting

Routine cleaning and disinfecting are an important part of reducing the risk of exposure to COVID-19. Normal routine

cleaning with soap and water alone can reduce risk of exposure and is a necessary step before you disinfect dirty surfaces.

Surfaces frequently touched by multiple people, such as door handles, desks, phones, light switches, and faucets, should be

cleaned and disinfected at least daily. More frequent cleaning and disinfection may be required based on level of use. For

example, certain surfaces and objects in public spaces, such as shopping carts and point of sale keypads, should be cleaned

and disinfected before each use.

Consider choosing a dierent disinfectant if your rst choice is in short supply. Make sure there is enough supply of gloves

and appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) based on the label, the amount of product you will need to apply, and

the size of the surface you are treating.

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Maintain safe behavioral practices

We have all had to make signicant behavioral changes to reduce the spread of COVID-19. To reopen America, we will need to

continue these practices:

social distancing (specically, staying 6 feet away from others when you must go into a shared space)

frequently washing hands or use alcohol-based (at least 60% alcohol) hand sanitizer when soap and water are not

available

wearing masks

avoiding touching eyes, nose, and mouth

staying home when sick

cleaning and disinfecting frequently touched objects and surfaces

It’s important to continue to follow federal, state, tribal, territorial, and local guidance for reopening America. Check this

resource for updates on COVID-19 . This will help you change your plan when situations are updated.

Consider practices that reduce the potential for exposure

It is also essential to change the ways we use public spaces to work, live, and play. We should continue thinking about our

safety and the safety of others.

To reduce your exposure to or the risk of spreading COVID-19 after reopening your business or facility, consider whether you

need to touch certain surfaces or materials. Consider wiping public surfaces before and after you touch them. These types of

behavioral adjustments can help reduce the spread of COVID-19. There are other resources for more information on COVID19 and how to Prevent Getting Sick.

Another way to reduce the risk of exposure is to make long-term changes to practices and procedures. These could include

reducing the use of porous materials used for seating, leaving some doors open to reduce touching by multiple people,

opening windows to improve ventilation, or removing objects in your common areas, like coee creamer containers. There

are many other steps that businesses and institutions can put into place to help reduce the spread of COVID-19 and protect

their sta and the public. More information can be found at CDC’s Implementation of Mitigation Strategies for Communities

with Local COVID-19 Transmission .

Conclusion

Reopening America requires all of us to move forward together using recommended best practices and maintaining safe daily

habits in order to reduce our risk of exposure to COVID-19. Remember: We’re all in this together!

Additional resources with more specic recommendations.

Healthcare Setting

Long-term Care Facilities, Nursing Homes

Infection Control in Healthcare Settings

Using Personal Protective Equipment

Hand Hygiene

Interim Guidance for Infection Prevention

Preparedness Checklist

Things Facilities Should Do Now to Prepare for COVID-19

When there are Cases in the Facility

Dialysis Facilities

Infection Control in Healthcare Settings

Using Personal Protective Equipment

Hand Hygiene

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Hand Hygiene

Interim guidance for Outpatient Hemodialysis Facilities

Patient Screening

Blood and Plasma Facilities

Infection control in Healthcare Settings

Infection Control and Environmental Management

Using Personal Protective Equipment

Hand Hygiene

Interim Guidance for Blood and Plasma Collection Facilities

Alternate Care Sites

Infection Prevention and Control

Dental Settings

Infection control in Healthcare Settings

Using Personal Protective Equipment

Hand Hygiene

Interim Guidance for Dental Settings

Pharmacies

Infection control in Healthcare Settings

Using Personal Protective Equipment

Hand Hygiene

Interim Guidance for Pharmacies

Risk-Reduction During Close-Contact Services

Outpatient and ambulatory care facilities

Infection control in Healthcare Settings

Using Personal Protective Equipment

Hand Hygiene

Interim Guidance for Outpatient & Ambulatory Care Settings

Postmortem Care

Using Personal Protective Equipment

Hand Hygiene

Collection and Submission of Postmortem Samples

Cleaning and Waste Disposal

Transportation of Human Remains

Community Locations

Critical Infrastructure Employees

Interim Guidance for Critical Infrastructure Employees

Cleaning and Disinfecting your Facility

Schools and childcare programs

K-12 and Childcare Interim Guidance

Cleaning and Disinfecting your Facility

FAQ for Administrators

Parent and Teacher Checklist

Colleges and universities

Interim Guidance for Colleges & Universities

Cleaning and Disinfecting your Facility

Guidance for Student Foreign Travel

Considerations for Administrators

Gatherings and community events

Interim Guidance for Mass Gatherings and Events

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Interim Guidance for Mass Gatherings and Events

Election Polling Location Guidance

Events FAQ

Community- and faith-based organizations

Interim Guidance for Organizations

Cleaning and Disinfecting your Facility

Businesses

Interim Guidance for Businesses

Parks & Rec Facilities

Guidance for Administrators of Parks

Law Enforcement

What Law Enforcement Personnel Need to Know about COVID-19

Homeless Service Providers

Interim Guidance for Homeless Service Providers

Retirement Homes

Interim Guidance for Retirement Communities

FAQ for Administrators

Correction & Detention Facilities

Interim Guidance for Correction & Detention Facilities

FAQ for Administrators

Home Setting

Preventing Getting Sick

How to Protect Yourself and Others

Cleaning and Disinfecting your Home

Tribal – How to Prevent the Spread of Coronavirus (COVID-19) in Your Home

Running Errands

Shopping for Food and Other Essential Items

Accepting Deliveries and Takeout

Banking

Getting Gasoline

Going to the Doctor and Pharmacy

If you are sick

Steps to Help Prevent the Spread of COVID19 if You are Sick

Transportation

Ships

Interim Guidance for Ships on Managing Suspected COVID-19

Airlines

Cleaning Aircraft Carriers

Airline Agents Interim Guidance

Buses

Bus Transit Operator

Rail

Rail Transit Operators

Transit Station Workers

EMS Transport Vehicles

Interim Guidance for EMS

Taxis and Rideshares

Keeping Commercial Establishments Safe

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Restaurants & Bars

Best Practices from FDA 

Last Updated May 7, 2020

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