----~ l • 

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National Institute of 

Standards and Technology 

U.S. Department of Commerce 

PRESIDENT'S FY 2020 BUDGET 

REQUEST TO CONGRESS 

FOR THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF 

STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY 

Letter from the Director 

I am honored to be the 16th Director of the National Institute of Standards 

and Technology (NIST). This Institute, tracing its roots to Article 1 of the U.S. 

Constitution, likely has the broadest portfolio of research and development in 

the world. 

We are the nation’s measurements experts. As America’s national metrology 

institute, all measurements needed to confdently buy and sell products across 

the nation and in global trade, and to advance science and technology for the 

United States, trace back to NIST’s state-of-the-art laboratories. 

Think of any major technology on which you depend every day. NIST played 

an essential role in making it possible: computers, GPS, cell phones, aircraft, 

automobiles, buildings, pharmaceuticals.... For all technologies important to 

commerce, NIST provides the measurements, standards, reference materials and data, in collaboration with 

industry, academia and governments, to establish a foundation of trust. 

This past year has been truly historic for NIST. In November 2018, I was privileged to lead the U.S. delegation 

at a convocation of over 50 countries in Versailles, France. The nations voted unanimously to implement the 

most signifcant change to the International System of Units in 130 years. Beginning on May 20, 2019, all 

measurement units will be defned by natural phenomena rather than by physical artifacts. Made possible by 

decades of world-leading research by NIST, and collaborations with other national metrology institutes around 

the globe, this change will extend quantum-based measurement precision to a host of technologies and enable 

future innovations we can only imagine today. 

NIST has been instrumental in unleashing American innovation through its extensive work this year to 

modernize technology transfer. A widely distributed green paper, created as part of the President’s Management 

Agenda, details recommended steps to improve how America moves new discoveries arising from federally 

funded research from lab to market—a critical process for economic growth. The NIST fndings, based upon 

extensive interactions with industry, academic and government experts, promise to dramatically enhance our 

nation’s returns on investment from the $175+ billion of federally funded research each year. 

This budget request ensures NIST can continue its great work in advancing its core mission. It supports NIST’s 

strength—paving the way to tomorrow’s technology—with special emphasis on the important felds of quantum 

science and artifcial intelligence. We’re also committed to advancing knowledge and standards development in 

cybersecurity, privacy, communications, advanced manufacturing, next generation microelectronics, and many 

other felds. 

NIST’s work is central to U.S. innovation, critical to the success of products and services from U.S. businesses in 

the global marketplace, and to American jobs. We work every day to advance U.S. industrial competitiveness. 

NIST looks forward to pushing the boundaries of measurement science toward new standards and technology 

horizons in 2020 and beyond. 

Sincerely, 

Dr. Walter G. Copan 

Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and Technology & 

Director, National Institute of Standards and Technology 
Introduction 

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) promotes U.S. innovation and industrial 

competitiveness by advancing measurement science, standards, and technology. For more than 115 years, 

NIST has maintained the national standards of measurement, a role that the U.S. Constitution assigns to 

the federal government to ensure fairness in the marketplace. 

This budget request is consistent with the administration’s priorities to redirect domestic discretionary 

resources to rebuild the military and make critical investments in the nation’s security, and to keep the 

nation on a responsible fscal path. 

The Scientifc and Technical Research and Services (STRS) account funds NIST’s Laboratory Programs. 

Because technology discovery, refnement and commercialization rely on the ability to measure key 

attributes, NIST Laboratory Programs’ measurement research and services are central to American 

innovation, productivity, trade, national security and public safety. 

The Industrial Technology Services (ITS) account supports NIST’s extramural programs. Manufacturing 

USA creates robust research infrastructure for U.S. industry and academia to solve industry-relevant 

problems. The budget request discontinues federal funding for the Hollings Manufacturing Extension 

Partnership program. 

The Construction of Research Facilities (CRF) account funds the maintenance, repair, improvements, 

and major renovation of NIST facilities. While some progress has been made, the current state of NIST’s 

facilities and failing infrastructure remain a serious concern to NIST’s ability to deliver its mission. 
Scientifc and Technical 

4 Research and Services 

26

30

• Strategic Focus Areas | 6 

• Advanced Communications, Networks and 

Scientifc Data Systems | 8 

• Advanced Manufacturing and Material 

Measurements | 10 

• Cybersecurity and Privacy | 12 

• Fundamental Measurement, 

Quantum Science and Measurement 

Dissemination | 14 

• Health and Biological Systems 

Measurements | 18 

• Physical Infrastructure and Resilience | 20 

• Exploratory Measurement Science | 22 

• NIST User Facilities | 23 

• Technology Transfer | 24 

• Baldrige Performance Excellence 

Program | 25 

Industrial Technology 

Services 

• Manufacturing USA | 28 

• Hollings Manufacturing Extension 

Partnership | 29 

Construction of 

Research Facilities 

• Construction of Research Facilities| 32 

34 Budget Tables 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 
4 

NIST computer scientist Megan Zimmerman and colleagues have trained a robot to recognize when a human coworker is paying 

attention while working on a task together. Here, Zimmerman streams a video feed to the robot to show if the human is paying attention. 

Boxes around the face show how sure the robot is that the human is attentive or inattentive. The robot will stop moving in the human's 

space if it determines the human is not paying attention to the task to ensure the human—and the robot's—safety. 

Credit ©David Hills 
Scientifc and Technical 

Research and Services 

The NIST research programs work at the frontiers of measurement science to ensure that the U.S. system of 

measurements is frmly grounded in sound scientifc and technical principles. Today, the NIST laboratories 

address increasingly complex measurement challenges, ranging from the very small (nanoscale devices 

for advanced computing) to the very large (vehicles and buildings), and from the physical (resilient 

infrastructure) to the virtual (cybersecurity and data science). As new technologies develop and evolve, 

NIST’s measurement research and services remain central to national defense, homeland security, trade and 

innovation. 

NIST’s Scientifc and Technical Research and Services (STRS) activities provide industry, academia and other 

federal agencies with world-class research capabilities in measurement science that form the foundation of 

the global system of weights and measures and enable 

innovation. They supply basic and applied measurements, 

calibrations and standards that impact every aspect of 

"Building on a foundation of our economy and lives, from the accuracy of airplane 

altimeters to the reliability of clinical measurements and Federal R&D investments, the strength of the encryption technologies that protect America will be the nation our digital lives and businesses. They lend unbiased 

that leads in today's emerging technical support to the development of open, industryled and consensus-based documentary standards and technologies.” specifcations driving the deployment of advanced 

technologies and facilitating global commerce. NIST 

– FY 2020 Administration ofers unique, cutting-edge user facilities that annually 

help more than 3,000 scientists from academia and R&D Budget Priorities industry advance the state of the art in nanotechnology, 

bioscience, advanced materials and other emerging 

technology areas. 

Since its founding more than a century ago, NIST has sought to solve the most pressing measurement and 

technical challenges the nation has faced. From helping to standardize methods and materials for mass 

production techniques introduced during World War I to studying the collapse of the World Trade Center 

buildings on 9/11, NIST has sought to advance U.S. industry and security through measurement science and 

standards. NIST continues to provide measurement tools and standards that strengthen U.S. competitiveness 

and security in areas afecting Americans’ daily lives. 

The STRS account contains three line items: Laboratory Programs, Corporate Services, and Standards Coordination and 

Special Programs. To add more transparency beyond the STRS budget line item level, NIST is providing budget information by 

mission space as described below. 

5 
Strategic Focus Areas – 

Investing for the Long Term 

Throughout its history, NIST has provided new industries with foundational measurement tools that enhance 

reproducibility, interoperability and reliability to accelerate innovation, adoption and impact. With input from 

academia and industry, NIST has identifed four technical opportunities to support the industries of the future 

that are likely to signifcantly afect America's economy in the coming decades. NIST’s ability to provide a 

strong and independent technical foundation for these areas may determine the future of U.S. leadership. 

This budget request maintains our focus on developing capabilities in each of these areas: 

Quantum Science: NIST’s world-leading expertise in quantum science, conducted with academic 

and industry partners, is furthering the development of new quantum measurement technologies 

upon which U.S. companies can build new businesses and services. 

Artifcial Intelligence and Data Science: NIST is developing measurements and data that address 

the performance and reliability of AI systems to accelerate their widespread adoption and enable 

the nation to realize the potential economic, societal and innovation benefts that AI systems ofer. 

Engineering Biology: NIST is enabling the design and manufacture of biological systems—for 

products such as high-value pharmaceuticals and commodity chemicals—by developing advanced 

measurement capabilities from the molecular to the cellular system scale. 

Internet of Things: NIST is leveraging its expertise in advanced communications, manufacturing 

systems, cybersecurity and more to develop testing tools, best practices and standards that 

support the widespread deployment of safe and reliable internet of things technologies and 

applications. 

NIST’s research supports the development of technical standards that are crucial to drive innovation and 

applications. Over 400 NIST staf participate in international standards activities as technical experts 

and in leadership roles. Standards underpin every aspect of our daily lives, from enabling communication 

technologies such as Bluetooth and WiFi to ensuring the safety of devices such as pacemakers and step 

ladders. They promote confdence in the performance of products and enable international trade. The 

standards leadership and expertise provided by NIST is an essential element of a broader U.S. efort to lead in 

the emerging technologies that will defne the 21st century economy. 

6 
7 

NIST physicist Julia Scherschligt is part of the NIST-on-a-Chip program working to develop a suite of intrinsically accurate, quantumbased measurement technologies intended to be deployed nearly anywhere and anytime. These chips will allow instruments to perform 

work uninterrupted without the need for NIST’s traditional measurement calibration services. 

Credit: C. Suplee/NIST 
8 

Advanced Communications, Networks and 

Scientifc Data Systems 

NIST’s Advanced Communications, Networks and Scientifc Data Systems activities enable secure, 

reliable, high-speed wireless and wireline communications critical to U.S. economic competitiveness, 

safety and security. NIST measurement science research and support for the development of standards 

accelerates the deployment of next-generation communication technologies, including 5G, a term used 

to describe future wireless networks that will be faster and more reliable. These technologies will be 

necessary for self-driving cars, internet of things (IoT) applications, drones and future AI systems. NIST 

is committed to solving the measurement and deployment challenges of these fast-moving felds to help 

the U.S. achieve and maintain global leadership in these areas. 

Budget Request 

This request funds measurement science research and standards development that will strengthen 

the growth of IoT, smart systems and AI. NIST will consolidate eforts on its highest priority 

capabilities and research. 

80 

FY 2018 Enacted: $68.6 million 

Lab Programs: $63.9 M • Corp Serv: $1.6 M • SC-SP: $3.1 M 

FY 2019 Enacted: $68.6 million 

Lab Programs: $63.9 M • Corp Serv: $1.6 M • SC-SP: $3.1 M 

Dollars (Millions) 

70 

60 

50 

40 

30 

20 

10 FY 2020 Request: $40.2 million (-41.4%) 0 

Lab Programs: $35.9 M • Corp Serv: $1.1 M • SC-SP: $3.2 M FY 18 FY 19 FY 20 

Note: FY 2020 request includes $1.6 million to fund infationary adjustments. Total may not add due to rounding. 

Proposed program changes in FY 2020: 

• +$8.0 million to expand ongoing research and measurement science eforts to promote adoption 

of AI technologies in the marketplace. 

• -$37.3 million eliminating programs addressing multiple IT and data challenges, including 

measurements and standards work addressing internet infrastructure protection, cloud computing, 

medical record interoperability, data visualization and cyber-physical systems interoperability. 
The NIST Antenna Metrology Project performs measurements on advanced antenna systems operating in complex environments. For 

example, the Large Antenna Positioning System (pictured) is supporting the development of next-generation 5G wireless and spectrum 

sharing systems. 

Credit: NIST 

Program Highlights 

The future global economy requires reliable and readily 

available communication capabilities that can meet 

skyrocketing demand for wireless data. NIST will continue to pioneer measurement science and standards 

for secure advanced communications, networks and 

data to ensure U.S. leadership in these technologies. 

For example: 

• By collaborating with stakeholders across 

government, industry, academia and international 

bodies, NIST is developing standards, guidelines 

and measurements to address urgent 

communications challenges such as implementing 

IoT in industrial settings where there is signifcant 

wireless frequency interference. 

• NIST organizes a national network of federal, 

academic and commercial test facilities that 

provides the unbiased testing, modeling and 

analyses to develop and deploy wireless spectrumsharing technologies and to inform policies and 

regulations. 

• NIST contributes to the research, standards and 

data required to realize the full promise of AI as an 

enabler of American innovation across industries 

and economic sectors. NIST fosters trust in AI and 

machine learning by developing standards, tests 

and metrics to make AI-based technologies more 

secure, usable, interoperable and reliable. 

• As the complexity and the size of datasets increase, 

traditional approaches to communications simply fail 

to scale. NIST is working to ensure a trusted digital 

world through new approaches using machine 

learning to render the communication infrastructure 

more autonomous and able to perform more 

complicated tasks. 

9 
10 

Advanced Manufacturing and Material 

Measurements 

NIST has partnered with the U.S. manufacturing sector for more than a century and has a proven track 

record of delivering the tools and technical expertise that existing manufacturers and aspiring startups need. NIST's Advanced Manufacturing and Material Measurements activities provide industry 

with precision measurement technologies, tests, protocols, trusted systems and world-class scientifc 

and engineering knowledge through targeted research across a broad portfolio—including advanced 

materials development, advanced sensing, biomanufacturing and smart manufacturing systems. NIST’s 

eforts support the Administration’s Strategy for American Leadership in Advanced Manufacturing by 

enabling the development of a strong U.S. manufacturing base that is essential to our economic 

and national security. 

Budget Request 

NIST requests funds to continue its eforts to ensure the U.S. remains a competitive force in 

advanced manufacturing, ensuring economic and national security. 

150 

FY 2018 Enacted: $147.8 million 

Lab Programs: $131.9 M • Corp Serv: $3.5 M • SC-SP: $12.4 M 

FY 2019 Enacted: $147.9 million 

Lab Programs: $132.0 M • Corp Serv: $3.5 M • SC-SP: $12.4 M 

FY 2020 Request: $117.5 million (-20.1%) 

Dollars (Millions) 120 

90 

60 

30 

0 Lab Programs: $107.4 M • Corp Serv: $2.4 M • SC-SP: $7.7 M FY 18 FY 19 FY 20 

Note: FY 2020 request includes $1.6 million to fund infationary adjustments. Total may not add due to rounding. 

Proposed program changes in FY 2020: 

• +$10.0 million to support advances and breakthroughs in measurement science, standards and 

material characterization by NIST that will accelerate the design, development and manufacturability 

of next generation microelectronics. 

• -$42.5 million terminating NIST’s eforts addressing structural materials challenges, including 

reliability testing for bridges and pipelines, body armor testing, and trace materials detection. NIST 

will cease operation of its beamlines at Brookhaven National Laboratory, ending a decades-long 

investment in leading-edge materials characterization instruments, and will not support multiple 

standard reference materials and standard reference datasets for U.S. chemical and steel industries. 

NIST will eliminate funding for the Advanced Materials Center of Excellence led by Northwestern 

University and stop work on energy and environmental applications, including the termination of 

grants supporting the recycling and reuse of plastics. 
Fang Ren, a postdoctoral scholar at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, loads a sample into a beamline to measure the physical 

properties of hundreds of new metallic glasses. Northwestern University researchers in the NIST Advanced Materials Center of Excellence 

used an AI algorithm to determine the mixtures, which were then manufactured by NIST scientist Jae Hattrick-Sempers. The team 

demonstrated that combining high-throughput approaches with machine learning algorithms accelerated the discovery of new glasses 

for industrial applications 1,000-fold. 

Credit: Dawn Harmer/SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 

Program Highlights 

NIST’s measurement research in manufacturing 

processes and advanced materials provides the 

foundation for the nation’s manufacturers to innovate, 

invent and create new products and services more 

rapidly and more efciently than their competitors 

around the world. For example: 

• NIST develops standards and test methods 

to help industry take advantage of the latest 

manufacturing robotics technologies. This work 

includes technical standards for exoskeletons 

that can dramatically improve the performance of 

workers on manufacturing foors, warfghters and 

the individuals with mobility impairments. 

• NIST partners with the pharmaceutical industry 

to develop widely available reference materials 

and measurement methods. For example, NIST’s 

monoclonal antibody reference material provides 

a benchmark for companies to ensure quality 

measurements of their biological drugs and to spur 

biopharmaceutical innovations. 

• NIST supports large-scale manufacturing needs by 

developing laser-based measurement techniques to 

ensure large objects such as aircraft wings are the 

right size for proper assembly and function. 

• NIST is developing approaches to overcoming 

technical barriers to the adoption of additive 

manufacturing (also known as 3D printing) such as 

surface quality, part accuracy, material properties, 

real-time monitoring and process modeling. 

11 
Cybersecurity and Privacy 

NIST’s Cybersecurity and Privacy activities strengthen the security of our digital world through a 

portfolio bridging foundational and applied cybersecurity research, and through the development of 

publicly available standards and technical guidance. NIST’s sustained outreach supports the efective 

application of standards and best practices enabling the adoption of practical cybersecurity and privacy 

approaches. Through internal research and collaboration with the private sector, academia, standards 

development organizations, other government agencies, and national and international stakeholders, 

NIST addresses the nation’s current and future measurement science needs and is responsive to 

Congressional and Administration priorities. 

Budget Request 

NIST requests funds to strengthen the security of the digital systems upon which the nation’s 

critical infrastructure is built. 

100 

FY 2018 Enacted: $82.8 million 

Lab Programs: $77.7 M • Corp Serv: $2.0 M • SC-SP: $3.1 M 

FY 2019 Enacted: $82.8 million 

Lab Programs: $77.7 M • Corp Serv: $2.0 M • SC-SP: $3.1 M 

Dollars (Millions) 

80 

60 

40 

20 

FY 2020 Request: $84.0 million 0 (+1.3%) 

Lab Programs: $79.4 M • Corp Serv: $1.4 M • SC-SP: $3.2 M FY 18 FY 19 FY 20 

Note: FY 2020 request includes $1.6 million to fund infationary adjustments. Total may not add due to rounding. 

No major program changes in FY 2020. 

Program Highlights 

The federal government, critical infrastructure sectors 

and all Americans increasingly depend on cyberspace. 

At the same time, the threats posed by criminals, certain 

governments and terrorists are growing in frequency 

and impact in an increasingly complex landscape. NIST 

helps our partners in the private sector, academia and 

government manage their risks and ensure our digital 

ecosystems can be sources of innovation and growth. 

For example: 

• NIST is preparing for the future IT environment 

by developing methods to characterize, evaluate 

and ultimately improve the security of IT systems, 

including leading the cryptography community to 

develop the frst post-quantum standards. 

• The NIST National Vulnerability Database (NVD) is 

the U.S. government repository of standards-based 

vulnerability management data. With an average 

of 17 terabytes of data downloaded monthly, 

these data provide critical security metrics to U.S. 

agencies and businesses alike. 

12 
At the National Cybersecurity Center of Excellence (NCCoE), NIST brings together experts from industry, government and academia to 

develop cost-efective and easily deployed cybersecurity approaches based on commercially available technologies. NIST researcher 

Gema Howell is part of the NCCoE’s Mobile Device Security Team, which develops resources like the Mobile Threat Catalogue to help 

organizations improve their mobile device security. 

Credit: NIST 

• NIST’s Cybersecurity for the Internet of Things • 

(IoT) program is developing technical resources and 

guidance to improve the cybersecurity of connected 

devices and the environments in which they are 

deployed. 

• To address the nation’s evolving privacy needs, 

particularly the sharing of personal information with 

software tools across the internet and through social 

media, NIST is developing a Privacy Framework for 

organizations to better identify, assess, manage and 

communicate about privacy risks. 

NIST leads the National Initiative for 

Cybersecurity Education (NICE) program 

in partnership with government, academia 

and industry to accelerate learning and skills 

development, nurture a diverse community, 

and guide career development and workforce 

planning. 

13 
14 

Fundamental Measurement, Quantum Science 

and Measurement Dissemination 

The NIST laboratory programs work at the frontiers of measurement science to ensure the U.S. system 

of measurements is frmly grounded on sound scientifc and technical principles. NIST determines the 

defnitive methods for nearly every kind of measurement employed in commerce and research, provides 

NIST-traceable calibrations, and disseminates standards and best practices throughout the nation. The 

NIST laboratories address increasingly complex measurement challenges as new technologies develop 

and evolve. NIST’s measurement research and services remain central to innovation, productivity, trade, 

national security and public safety. 

Budget Request 

NIST requests funds to support core programs advancing the precision, accuracy and comparability 

of the measurements that underpin the U.S. economy and innovation ecosystem. 

250 

FY 2018 Enacted: $218.4 million 

Lab Programs: $165.6 M • Corp Serv: $5.2 M • SC-SP: $47.4 M 

FY 2019 Enacted: $218.3 million 

Lab Programs: $165.6 M • Corp Serv: $5.2 M • SC-SP: $47.4 M 

FY 2020 Request: $191.4 million (-12.3%) 

Dollars (Millions) 200 

150 

100 

50 

0 Lab Programs: $162.2 M • Corp Serv: $3.6 M • SC-SP: $25.6 M FY 18 FY 19 FY 20 

Note: FY 2020 request includes $1.6 million to fund infationary adjustments. Total may not add due to rounding. 

Proposed program changes in FY 2020: 

• +$10.0 million to prioritize NIST’s eforts to establish and support an industry consortium to 

accelerate quantum-related research and applications, in fulfllment of the White House National 

Strategic Overview for Quantum Information Science. 

• -$40.2 million to stop or reduce measurements and calibrations that support customers in sectors 

from communications and defense to manufacturing and transportation. NIST will reduce support for 

the operation of the Organization of Scientifc Area Committees for Forensic Science and eliminate 

funding for the NIST Forensic Science Center of Excellence led by Iowa State University. NIST will 

reduce its presence and contributions in international legal metrology, eliminate support for the 

Urban Dome program and reduce funding for the development of nanoscale imaging and fabrication 

tools not focused on advanced electronics manufacturing applications. 
15 

NIST's biorepository holds samples from a variety of marine life, including turtles, oysters, seabird eggs and many more. The samples 

can reveal changes in pollutants over time and place. The biorepository also contains Standard Reference Materials, which are products 

that are mostly used by other labs and members of industry to check their analytical measurements and perform other kinds of qualitycontrol tests. 

Credit: A. Holt/NIST 
Fundamental Measurement, Quantum Science 

and Measurement Dissemination (cont.) 

Program Highlights 

NIST maintains and disseminates the authoritative • As the U.S. weighing and measuring systems 

values for the International System of Units (SI) base have gone from completely mechanical devices 

units in the United States, along with developing the to electronic devices, and now to electronic 

methods and technology required to realize and/ signals, NIST is leading the way to ensure fairness 

or measure each base unit to the highest possible in e-commerce. For example, NIST recently 

accuracy. Typically, that endeavor results in major published a draft set of standards that proposes 

impacts in measurement science, as well as advanced measurements and procedures for states to ensure 

metrology for industry, medicine, defense and equal and fair regulations for both software-based 

homeland security, science and government. NIST ride-hailing services and traditional taxi services. 

Measurement Services consist of calibration services, 

reference materials, reference instruments and 

reference data that are continually improving and 

evolving to meet the nation’s needs. For example: 

• NIST has embarked on a sweeping NIST-on-a-Chip 

program to bring measurement services out of 

the lab and directly to the user. NIST is developing 

a suite of intrinsically accurate, quantum-based 

• Using a NIST-designed and constructed weighing measurement technologies to be transferred 

machine to measure mass using electrical currents to the private sector, opening lab-to-market 

and mechanical forces, scientists have measured opportunities. These technologies will enable users 

the Planck constant to the highest accuracy to to make precision measurements on factory foors, 

date. The Planck constant (h) is used for the new in hospital diagnostic centers, in commercial and 

defnition of the kilogram, part of the international military aircraft, in research labs, and ultimately, in 

SI redefnition that was fnalized during a vote homes and automobiles and on personal electronic 

of the 26th General Conference of Weights and devices. 

Measures in November 2018. The redefnition will be 

efective on May 20, 2019, World Metrology Day. • NIST recently launched the Quantum Economic 

Development Consortium (QED-C) in partnership 

• NIST scientists have devised atomic clocks that with SRI International. QED-C aims to expand 

are a 100-fold improvement in accuracy over the U.S. leadership in global quantum R&D and 

current best clocks. More precise time standards the emerging quantum industry in computing, 

will improve the navigation of spacecraft and communications and sensing. With funding from 

help scientists look for variations in fundamental both the government and private-sector member 

constants that could signal new physics. NIST's organizations, the consortium fosters publicremote time and frequency measurement private sector coordination and will help determine 

service delivers quality assurance to laboratories workforce needs, provide access to technology 

worldwide. These services reach and impact a wide platforms and processes, foster sharing of 

variety of industrial sectors, including U.S. defense, intellectual property, and lead other developments 

aerospace, nuclear energy and fnance. required to support the quantum economy. 

16 
17 

NIST physicist Andrew Ludlow and colleagues achieved new atomic clock performance records in a comparison of two ytterbium 

optical lattice clocks. Laser systems used in both clocks are visible in the foreground, and the main apparatus for one of the clocks 

is located behind Ludlow. 

Credit: J. Burrus/NIST 
18 

Health and Biological Systems Measurements 

NIST is paving the way for a vibrant U.S. biotechnology market by developing measurements that 

enable the reproducibility of biomedical research results to ensure the efcacy and safety of treatments 

and ultimately increase confdence in clinical decisions. As a nonregulatory agency, NIST partners 

with industry and other government agencies to provide measurement science and standards that are 

essential for health and bioscience innovations. NIST’s programs range from supporting underlying 

technologies and measurements for precision medicine and medical imaging to accelerating 

understanding in synthetic biology and genomics. New and improved measurement capabilities provide 

the basis for industries to harness this information for future medical technologies. 

Budget Request 

NIST requests funds to support innovation, safety and confdence in the nation’s bioscience and 

health care. 

20 

FY 2020 Request: $16.8 million (-14.0%) 0 

Lab Programs: $15.4 M • Corp Serv: $0.3 M • SC-SP: $1.1 M FY 18 FY 19 FY 20 

Note: FY 2020 request includes $1.6 million to fund infationary adjustments. Total may not add due to rounding. 

FY 2018 Enacted: $19.5 million 

Dollars (Millions) 

Lab Programs: $18 M 15 • Corp Serv: $0.5 M • SC-SP: $1.1 M 

FY 2019 Enacted: $19.5 million 10 

Lab Programs: $18 M • Corp Serv: $0.5 M • SC-SP: $1.1 M 

5 

Proposed program changes in FY 2020: 

• -$3.0 million to consolidate research eforts at the NIST campus in Gaithersburg, Maryland, ending 

support for the Joint Institute for Metrology in Biology (JIMB), a partnership with SLAC National 

Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University to develop advanced measurement capabilities for 

the growing synthetic biology industry. 
The NIST Foundry for Living Measurement Systems is a fully integrated, high-throughput system to automate common tasks in 

synthetic biology research from liquid handling and multi-well plate measurements to fow cytometry and nucleic acid sequencing. 

Credit: NIST 

Program Highlights 

Breakthrough technologies such as gene sequencing, 

gene editing and advanced imaging have laid the 

foundation for signifcant growth opportunities in 

felds beyond medicine and health such as chemical 

manufacturing, energy and agriculture. NIST is focusing 

its bioscience eforts to build the measurement 

science capabilities that will support progress in these 

emerging areas. For example: 

• To harness the full potential of engineering 

biology, NIST continues to push the boundaries of 

measurement science, technology and standards 

to support safe and reliable biomedical innovation. 

This will allow for faster development, translation 

and commercialization of emerging biotechnologies 

for diverse applications. 

• NIST's role in administering the U.S. Technical 

Advisory Group to ISO/TC 276 Biotechnology 

has been crucial in promoting and facilitating the 

voluntary consensus standards necessary to ensure 

integrity in biotechnologies and enhance the global 

competitiveness of U.S. businesses. 

• NIST is developing expertise in high-throughput 

cell culture and measurements of engineered 

microbes to establish capabilities that will enable 

routine, safe and reliable engineering of cells for 

the development of efective living therapeutics, 

environmental sensing and structured materials 

fabrication. 

• NIST is advancing quantitative medical imaging 

methods through the development of standards 

and calibrations essential to hundreds of millions 

of annual medical screening procedures (X-ray, 

mammography, magnetic resonance, among 

others) in the United States. A NIST team created 

the frst widely useful standard for magnetic 

resonance imaging used to monitor breast cancer. 

19 
20 

Physical Infrastructure and Resilience 

NIST’s Physical Infrastructure and Resilience activities support the safety, interoperability and resilience 

of the nation’s infrastructure at the component, structure and system levels. NIST’s research supports the 

development of building codes that make the built environment healthier for occupants, more resilient 

against hazards, and safer for both residents and frst responders. In collaboration with policy makers, 

building ofcials and planning groups, NIST produces guides to help communities integrate resilience 

into their economic development, zoning, mitigation and other local planning activities that impact 

buildings, public utilities and infrastructure systems. 

Budget Request 

NIST requests funds to develop measurement methods, reference materials and data that support innovation 

in the performance and resilience of the built environment. 

80 

0 

FY 2018 Enacted: $67.0 million 

Lab Programs: $60 M • Corp Serv: $1.6 M • SC-SP: $5.3 M 

FY 2019 Enacted: $67.0 million 

Lab Programs: $60 M • Corp Serv: $1.6 M • SC-SP: $5.3 M 

70 

60 

50 

40 

Dollars (Millions) 

30 

20 

10 

FY 2020 Request: $46.5 million (-30.6%) 

Lab Programs: $45.0 M • Corp Serv: $1.1 M • SC-SP: $0.4 M FY 18 FY 19 FY 20 

Note: FY 2020 request includes $1.6 million to fund infationary adjustments. Total may not add due to rounding. 

Proposed program changes in FY 2020: 

• -$20.2 million eliminating work on developing and deploying advances in science and technology 

to markedly improve building energy efciency and occupant safety in the United States. NIST will 

eliminate funding for the Disaster Resilience Research Grants Program, the Fire Research Grants 

Program and the Community Resilience Center of Excellence led by Colorado State University. 
In 2018, NIST dispatched teams across the country to evaluate infrastructure failures as a result of natural disasters, including hurricanes 

and wildfres. NIST recently launched a multi-year efort to study how critical buildings and emergency communications systems 

performed in Puerto Rico during Hurricane Maria. 

Credit: Eliud Echevarria / FEMA 

Program Highlights 

NIST’s fundamental research, standards support and 

measurement protocols help architects, engineers, 

urban planners, local governments and frst responders 

create and maintain safer, healthier and more resilient 

built environments. For example: 

• Using specialized equipment and advanced 

simulations, NIST’s research into wildland urban 

interfaces helps frefghters and communities 

develop fre prevention and mitigation strategies. 

NIST’s program includes the one-of-a-kind 

National Fire Research Laboratory with advanced 

measurement capabilities. 

• NIST is strengthening the resilience of communities 

by developing resources such as the Community 

Resilience Planning Guide for Buildings and 

Infrastructure Systems, including interactive webbased tools to assist users of the guide. 

• The National Construction Safety Team (NCST) Act 

authorizes NIST to establish and dispatch teams to 

investigate major infrastructure failures within 48 

hours. Similarly, NIST has leadership roles in the 

congressionally mandated interagency National 

Windstorm Impact Reduction Program and the 

National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. 

• NIST researchers carry out R&D to improve model 

building codes, voluntary standards and best 

practices for the design, construction and retroft of 

buildings, structures and necessary services such as 

power, water and transportation. 

21 
Exploratory Measurement Science 

NIST’s mission requires deep expertise in a broad range of disciplines. To best position NIST to 

support U.S. technological interests well into the future, it is essential that NIST maintain a portfolio of 

exploratory measurement science research. This portfolio includes investing in higher-risk and potentially 

transformative projects selected in a competitive internal process, and the NIST National Research Council 

Postdoctoral Research Associateship Program that brings researchers of exceptional promise to NIST. 

Budget Request 

NIST requests funds to develop the next generation of cutting-edge measurement tools and technologies. 

FY 2018 Enacted: $66.8 million 80 

FY 18 FY 19 FY 20 

70 

Dollars (Millions) 

Lab Programs: $60.8 M • Corp Serv: $1.6 M • SC-SP: $4.4 M 

FY 2019 Enacted: $66.8 million 

Lab Programs: $60.8 M • Corp Serv: $1.6 M • SC-SP: $4.4 M 

FY 2020 Request: $65.7 million (-1.7%) 

60 

50 

40 

30 

20 

10 

0 Lab Programs: $62 M • Corp Serv: $1.1 M • SC-SP: $2.6 M 

Note: FY 2020 request includes $1.6 million to fund infationary adjustments. Total may not add due to rounding. 

Proposed program changes in FY 2020: 

-$2.0 million terminating supplementary Strategic and Emerging Research Initiatives funding to support the 

Joint Institute for Metrology in Biology (JIMB), a partnership with SLAC and Stanford University. 

Program Highlights 

NIST’s exploratory research accelerates innovation 

in emerging areas. For example: 

• NIST is pushing the boundaries of temperature 

measurement by developing a system 

using magnetic nano-objects to enable 

accurate measurement and control anywhere 

temperature plays a critical role. 

• Building on its expertise in cryogenics and 

quantum circuits, NIST is building a small-scale 

NIST engineer Ann Chiaramonti Debay leads a team working on quantum network test bed to develop standards 

subnanometer-resolved 3D chemical mapping of atoms, which, if and benchmarks for quantum technologies. 

possible, could be worth hundreds of billions of dollars to U.S. industry. 

Credit: Burrus/NIST 22 
NIST User Facilities 

NIST operates two unique and valuable user facilities that provide U.S. scientists with access to cuttingedge expertise and capabilities to perform innovative research beyond the reach of the user’s own 

laboratory. The NIST Center for Neutron Research (NCNR) features world-class neutron instrumentation 

and expertise in the development and application of neutron measurement technologies. The Center 

for Nanoscale Science and Technology (CNST) provides users with rapid access to state-of-the-art tools 

needed to fabricate and characterize nanoscale structures, devices and materials. 

Budget Request 

NIST requests funds to provide unique measurement and research capabilities to U.S. scientists. 

FY 2018 Enacted: $51.4 million 60 

Lab Programs: $50.1 M • Corp Serv: $1.2 M • SC-SP: $0 M 

FY 2019 Request: $51.4 million 

Lab Programs: $50.1 M • Corp Serv: $1.2 M • SC-SP: $0 M 

FY 2020 Request: $47.0 million (-8.6%) 

Dollars (Millions) 

50 

40 

30 

20 

10 

Lab Programs: $46.1 M • Corp Serv: $0.9 M • SC-SP: $0 M 0 

FY 18 FY 19 FY 20 

Note: FY 2020 request includes $1.6 million to fund infationary adjustments. Total may not add due to rounding. 

Proposed program changes in FY 2020: 

• -$5.0 million reducing services at the NCNR, including ceasing operation of two neutron scattering 

instruments and decreased funding for reactor maintenance, resulting in the loss of at least 200 

research participants annually and a potential increase in unscheduled reactor shutdowns. 

Program Highlights 

• The NIST user facilities provide researchers 

from across the country with access to stateof-the-art facilities and instrumentation to 

meet user needs in neutron scattering and 

nanofabrication. 

• Serving more than 70 U.S. companies 

annually, the NIST user facilities continue to 

evolve to ensure that their capabilities meet 

the needs of the U.S. scientifc community. 

The CNST works closely with researchers from NIST, academia, 

industry and other government agencies to enable innovation in 

computing, quantum information science and sensing. 

Credit: Kristen Dill 23 
Technology Transfer 

NIST broadly defnes technology transfer as the overall process by which its knowledge, facilities or 

capabilities in measurement science, standards and technology promote U.S. innovation and industrial 

competitiveness to enhance economic security and improve quality of life. 

NIST uses many diferent approaches to work collaboratively with industry and other organizations. 

Primary activities include participation on committees in Standards Developing Organizations, 

Cooperative Research and Development Agreements (CRADAs) and Material Transfer Agreements 

(MTAs), User Facilities, Postdoctoral Research Program, Guest Researchers, and conferences, seminars, 

and workshops. NIST ofers direct work products that can be used by others, including licensing 

patented inventions, laboratory accreditation services, Standard Reference Data (SRD) and Standard 

Reference Materials (SRMs). 

NIST has a unique role in promoting and reporting on the overall strength of federal eforts in technology 

transfer, including the Return on Investment Initiative (ROI). As part of the President’s Management 

Agenda, ROI seeks to enable even greater return on the federal government’s investment in research and 

development. 

NIST TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER ACTIVITIES AND PRODUCTS (FY 2018) 

Invention Disclosure and Patenting 

License Agreements 

Calibration Services 

Active Traditional Cooperative Research and Development 

Agreements (CRADAs) 

71 invention disclosures 

54 patent applications fled 

28 patents issued 

11 new 

60 active 

11,771 

476 

Material Transfer Agreements (MTAs) 290 

National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) 674 NVLAP-accredited laboratories 

User Facility Research Participants 3,415 Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology 

2,742 NIST Center for Neutron Research 

Participation in Standards Developing Organizations 423 staf members in 116 organizations 

Scientifc and Technical Publications 1,415 

Standard Reference Data (SRD) 

2,670 e-commerce orders 

8,413 sold via distributor 

3,190 product downloads 

Standard Reference Materials (SRM) 31,503 units sold 

NIST Postdoctoral Researchers 155 

NIST Guest Researchers 3,221 

24 
Baldrige Performance Excellence Program 

The Baldrige Performance Excellence Program oversees the nation's only Presidential award for 

performance excellence while ofering criteria, assessments, tools, training and a community for those 

dedicated to helping organizations improve. In addition to traditional awards in manufacturing, health 

care, education and nonproft sectors, the program has introduced the Baldrige Cybersecurity Excellence 

Builder and the Communities of Excellence framework to promote adoption of best practices in 

cybersecurity and across entire communities. 

2.5 Budget Request 

FY 2020 Request: $2.2 million (0%) 0.0 

FY 18 FY 19 FY 20 

Dollars (Millions) 

FY 2018 Enacted: $2.2 million 

2.0 

1.5 

1.0 

FY 2019 Enacted: $2.2 million 

0.5 

No program changes in FY 2020. 

Program Highlights 

The program directly impacts thousands of 

organizations every year through their use of the 

Baldrige framework, participation in the award 

process, and attendance at conferences and 

training programs. For example: 

• Health care organizations that adopt the 

Baldrige model demonstrate improved clinical 

outcomes, patient experience, patient safety 

and lower cost of care. 

• Businesses demonstrate better revenue, 

margins, job growth, workforce development 

and engagement, customer satisfaction and 

engagement, and community support. 

Alamo Colleges District instructor Richard Jewell teaching a turbine 

engine class at St. Philip’s College Southwest Campus. Alamo 

Colleges District was a 2018 Baldrige Award winner. 

25 Credit: The Alamo Colleges District 
26 

America Makes employee Ashley Totin works at one of the center's 3D printing machines. America Makes, located in Ohio, 

was the frst Manufacturing USA institute. 

Credit: NIST 
Industrial Technology Services 

NIST’s extramural programs, which include Manufacturing USA and the Hollings Manufacturing Extension 

Partnership (MEP) help U.S. industry develop and implement new technology, develop robust supply chains, 

and refne their systems for efciency and efectiveness, all while making them more competitive in the 

global economy. 

Manufacturing USA is a network of 14 manufacturing innovation institutes where companies, universities, 

community colleges and entrepreneurs develop new manufacturing technologies with broad applications. 

The primary goal of the network is to ensure that American innovations and inventions currently going 

ofshore for production in competitor nations are scaled up from lab experiments to products and processes 

that can be used by U.S. manufacturers. 

The MEP program is a federal-state-industry partnership 

that consists of centers located across the country 

working directly with their local manufacturing 

“Advances in manufacturing communities to strengthen the competitiveness of our 

enable the economy to nation’s domestic manufacturing base. NIST MEP provides 

technical assistance in adopting advanced manufacturing continuously improve as new technologies, addressing emerging manufacturing needs, 

technologies and innovations and understanding foreign manufacturing and compliance 

issues. They provide guidance on cybersecurity of supply increase productivity, enable chains and transferring technology from NIST labs and new products and create other federal research organizations. 

entirely new industries.” 

– Strategy for American Leadership 

in Advanced Manufacturing 

27 
28 

Manufacturing USA 

Manufacturing USA is a national network of 14 manufacturing innovation institutes reaching more than 

1,300 industry, government and academic institutions that work together to restore U.S. leadership in 

advanced manufacturing by accelerating the development of game-changing technologies through 

access to state-of-the-art facilities and workforce training. NIST coordinates the nationwide network of 

institutes and funds the National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL). 

Budget Request 20 

NIST requests funds to maintain support for NIIMBL and to 

coordinate the institute network. 

FY 2018 Enacted: $15.0 million 

FY 2019 Enacted: $15.0 million 

Dollars (Millions) 

15 

10 

5 

FY 2020 Request: $15.2 million (+1.1%) 0 

FY 18 FY 19 FY 20 

Note: FY 2020 request includes $1.6 million to fund infationary adjustments. Total may not add due to rounding. 

Program Highlights 

• Manufacturing USA institutes collectively 

represent two-thirds of Fortune 50 U.S. 

manufacturers, over 500 small manufacturers 

and eight of the 10 top-ranked research and 

engineering universities. 

• Its education and workforce training programs 

have reached nearly 200,000 individuals and 

include programs focused on training veterans in 

advanced manufacturing skills. 

• Nonfederal funding matches federal funding at 

a 2-to-1 ratio, exceeding the original 1-to-1 goal 

and demonstrating the value of the network to 

industry, academia and the states. 

No program changes in FY 2020. 

Scientists training on best manufacturing practices for biopharmaceuticals, 

accelerating development of cost-efective manufacturing technology to 

ensure the availability of new medical therapies. 

Photo courtesy of the Biotechnology Training and Education Center at 

North Carolina State University, a NIIMBL partner. 
Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership 

Established pursuant to the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988, MEP comprises a network of 

grant-supported centers in all 50 states and Puerto Rico that provide technical and business assistance to 

small manufacturers. Since its creation, MEP has worked with 94,033 manufacturers, leading to $111.3 billion 

in sales and $18.8 billion in cost savings, and has helped create and retain 985,317 jobs. A 2018 report by the 

W.E. Upjohn Institute found the program generates a return of nearly 14.5:1 for the federal investment. 

Budget Request 150 

The FY 2020 budget eliminates federal funding 

for NIST MEP. 

FY 2018 Enacted: $140.0 million 

FY 2019 Enacted: $140.0 million 

FY 2020 Request: $0 (-100%) 

Dollars (Millions) 120 

90 

60 

30 

0 

FY 18 FY 19 FY 20 

Proposed program changes in FY 2020: 

• -$140.0 million eliminating funding for 

the MEP program, including 81 federal 

employees. MEP centers would instead 

need to rely on non-federal sources 

of funding to maintain the over 1,300 

non-federal technical experts in the 51 

organizations that operate the program. 

Silverside Detectors, a client of MassMEP, are a team of scientists, 

engineers and security experts that solve complex customer application 

problems. They apply physics and strategic policy analysis to create 

solutions that make jobs of frst responders easier and help global 

security. Credit: NIST MEP 29 
30 

Renovations on NIST's Radiation Physics Building as of February 2019. 

Credit: ©David HIlls 
Construction of Research 

Facilities 

The NIST Construction of Research Facilities (CRF) appropriation funds NIST construction activities, including 

the maintenance, repair, improvements and major renovation of facilities occupied or used by NIST in 

Gaithersburg, Maryland; Boulder and Fort Collins, Colorado; and Kauai, Hawaii, to meet current and future 

measurement and research needs for the nation. 

“State-of-the-art Federal 

science and technology 

infrastructure is critical to 

the continued success of our 

Nation.” 

– FY 2020 Administration R&D 

Budget Priorities 

Unfortunately, NIST’s ability to maintain and renovate its 

infrastructure has been falling further and further behind. 

With many NIST facilities dating from the 1950s and 

1960s, basic environmental controls and infrastructure are 

failing at an increasing rate, undermining NIST’s ability to 

deliver the precision measurement science necessary to 

drive U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness. 

Scientifc work at NIST laboratories supports national 

priorities such as manufacturing, health care, physical 

infrastructure, information technology and many other 

areas. 

Scientists and engineers working to push beyond the 

limits of today’s advanced technology require stable 

environments. Variations in temperature cause sensitive 

optics to misalign; fuctuations in humidity interfere with 

sensitive measurements of light; and vibrations make reliable, sensitive spatial measurements impossible. 

When making the world’s most precise measurements or creating quantum-based measurement tools that 

are only a handful of atoms wide, the tiniest variations in temperature, vibrations from increased local trafc, 

poor air quality, or unreliable electrical current can destroy months of work. 

The 50- to 60-year-old facilities cause a major productivity loss and prevent NIST from performing the most 

demanding measurement research needed by industry and the scientifc community. Current laboratory 

conditions create signifcant inefciencies, and the aging facility systems present safety concerns. In terms of 

lost productivity, many measurements can only be conducted sporadically when environmental conditions 

are stable, and signifcant experimental data and construction of nanoscale can be rendered worthless by 

poor laboratory conditions. The types of high-precision research and measurement the future requires will 

not be possible without wholesale facility upgrades. 

31 
32 

Construction of Research Facilities 

The funds requested in FY 2020 support Safety, Capacity, Maintenance and Major Repairs (SCMMR) 

and Construction and Major Renovations. The request supports staf salaries and recurring preventive 

maintenance contracts and materials. Previously scheduled equipment replacements for FY 2020 will 

not be funded and the considerable deferred maintenance backlog will not be addressed. Any funds 

available beyond these costs will be directed primarily toward emergency needs only. NIST’s utility 

infrastructure has been experiencing an increased frequency of major failures in the last few years, 

resulting in the need for emergency utility system repairs or replacement projects. These include major 

electrical system equipment, steam system, HVAC system repair and replacement of piping and valves 

for domestic, sanitary and storm sewer systems following ruptures or failures. 

NIST’s Building 1 project at the Boulder campus has been identifed as a candidate project to be funded 

through the GSA Federal Capital Revolving Fund. The Fund would provide up-front funding, estimated 

to be $288.0 million, to renovate Wing 5, Wing 4, Spine, Wing 1, Wing 2 and a portion of the Headhouse 

(auditorium, library, front lobby, conference rooms, police dispatch, and cafeteria). At the FY 2020 base 

funding level, NIST would repay this GSA revolving fund through annual discretionary appropriations in 

15 annual payments of $19.2 million. 

Budget Request 350 Dollars (Millions) 

300 

250 

200 

150 

100 

50 

0 

FY 2018 Enacted: $319.0 million 

FY 2019 Enacted: $106.0 million 

FY 2020 Request: $59.9 million (-43.5%) 

FY 18 FY 19 FY 20 

Proposed program changes in FY 2020: 

• -$34.8 million resulting in deferment of SCMMR projects, including critical site and facility 

infrastructure projects necessary for routine facility operations. 

• -$31.0 million refecting the one-time construction drop out for the Building 1 renovation project. 

• +$19.2 million to provide for the repayment of the GSA Federal Capital Revolving Fund. 
A close-up shot of a water main break at 4 a.m. on October 31, 2018. The water main break resulted in having to stop most research 

activities in four lab buildings for fve days. 

Credit: NIST 

Program Highlights 

• NIST continues to make signifcant progress • Building 3 in Boulder was completed on time 

on the renovation of Building 245 on its and under budget. Opened in May 2018, the 

Gaithersburg campus, which was fully funded in building houses a state-of-the-art facility for 

FY 2018. telecommunications research. 

33 
BUDGET TABLES 

58,202

Table 1. Construction of Research Facilities ($, thousands) 

ACTIVITY

Construction of Research Facilities 319,000 106,000 

FY 2018 

Enacted 

FY 2019 

Enacted 

59,890 

FY 2020 

Request 

Table 2. Industrial Technology Services ($, thousands) 

58,202

Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership 140,000 140,000 0 

Manufacturing USA 15,000 15,000 15,172 

ACTIVITY FY 2018 

Enacted 

FY 2019 

Enacted 

ITS Total 155,000 155,000 15,172 

FY 2020 

Request 

34 
58,202

Advanced Communications, Networks 

and Scientifc Data Systems 68,643 68,643 40,323 

ACTIVITY FY 2018 

Enacted 

FY 2019 

Enacted 

FY 2020 

Request 

Lab Programs 63,903 63,903 35,959 

Table 3. Scientifc and Technical Research and Services ($, thousands) 

Corporate Services 1,645 1,645 1,138 

SC-SP 3,095 3,095 3,226 

Advanced Manufacturing and Material Measurements 147,817 147,874 117,555 

Lab Programs $131,8977 131,955 107,441 

Corporate Services $3,543 3,543 2,450 

SC-SP 12,377 12,377 7,633 

Cybersecurity and Privacy 82,779 82,779 83,997 

Lab Programs 77,700 77,700 79,372 

Corporate Services 1,984 1,984 1,372 

SC-SP 3,095 3,095 3,242 

Fundamental Measurement, Quantum Science and 

Measurement Dissemination 218,358 218,300 191,438 

Lab Programs 165,581 165,639 $162,250 

Corporate Services 5,233 5,222 3,609 

SC-SP 47,544 47,440 25,580 

Health and Biological Systems Measurements 19,536 19,536 16,823 

Lab Programs 17,972 17,972 15,367 

Corporate Services 468 468 323 

SC-SP 1,095 1,095 1,133 

Physical Infrastructure and Resilience 66,969 66,969 46,543 

Lab Programs 60,043 60,043 44,985 

Corporate Services 1,605 1,605 1,110 

58,202 Exploratory Measurement Science 66,821 66,821 65,804 

SC-SP 5,321 5,321 448 

Lab Programs 60,774 60,774 62,124 

Corporate Services 1,602 1,602 1,108 

NIST User Facilities 51,377 51,377 47,036 

SC-SP 4,445 4,445 2,572 

Lab Programs 50,146 50,146 46,184 

Corporate Services 1,231 1,231 852 

SC-SP 0 0 0 

Baldrige Performance Excellence Program 2,200 2,200 2,200 

STRS Total 724,500 724,500 611,719 

Note: Totals may not add due to rounding. 

35 
COVER IMAGE: This NIST-on-a-Chip device 

is a grating chip which will enable practical, 

deployable and afordable atom-based 

devices. The chip simplifes the optics 

needed for laser cooling and trapping of 

atoms or molecules. A normal trapping 

system requires six lasers and a host of 

carefully aligned optical components. This 

chip makes it possible to use a single laser, 

and has an aperture to allow for pre-cooling 

and back-loading atoms or molecules from a 

hot source. 

Credit: Jason Stoughton/NIST 

www.nist.gov