13-3263

Lin v. Lynch

BIA

Hom, IJ

A099 455 947

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT

SUMMARY ORDER

RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER

FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF

APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER

IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN

ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION “SUMMARY ORDER”). A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY

ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.

1 At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals

2 for the Second Circuit, held at the Thurgood Marshall United

3 States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in the City of New York,

on the 17th 4 day of February, two thousand sixteen.

5

6 PRESENT:

7 DENNIS JACOBS, 

8 DEBRA ANN LIVINGSTON,

9 RAYMOND J. LOHIER, JR.,

10 Circuit Judges.

11 _____________________________________

12

13 LUAN LIN,

14 Petitioner,

15

16 v. 13-3263

17 NAC

18

19 LORETTA E. LYNCH, JR., UNITED STATES 

20 ATTORNEY GENERAL,

21 Respondent.

22 _____________________________________

23 

24 FOR PETITIONER: Gerald Karikari, New York, New York.

25

26 FOR RESPONDENT: Stuart F. Delery, Assistant Attorney

27 General; Anthony C. Payne, Senior

28 Litigation Counsel; Colette J.

29 Winston, Trial Attorney, Office of
1 Immigration Litigation, Civil

2 Division, United States Department

3 of Justice, Washington, D.C.

4

5 UPON DUE CONSIDERATION of this petition for review of a

6 Board of Immigration Appeals (“BIA”) decision, it is hereby

7 ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND DECREED that the petition for review

8 is DENIED.

9 Luan Lin, a native and citizen of China, seeks review

10 of an August 2, 2013 decision of the BIA affirming an

11 Immigration Judge’s (“IJ”) May 1, 2012, denial of his

12 application for asylum, withholding of removal, and relief

13 under the Convention Against Torture (“CAT”). In re Luan

14 Lin, No. A099 455 947 (B.I.A. Aug. 2, 2013), aff’g No. A099

15 455 947 (Immig. Ct. N.Y. City May 1, 2012). We assume the

16 parties’ familiarity with the underlying facts and

17 procedural history in this case.

18 Under the circumstances of this case, we have reviewed

19 the IJ’s decision as modified and supplemented by the BIA. 

20 See Xue Hong Yang v. U.S. Dep’t of Justice, 426 F.3d 520,

21 522 (2d Cir. 2005); Yan Chen v. Gonzales, 417 F.3d 268, 271

22 (2d Cir. 2005). The applicable standards of review are well

23 established. See 8 U.S.C. § 1252(b)(4)(B); Yanqin Weng v.

24 Holder, 562 F.3d 510, 513 (2d Cir. 2009). 

2
1 For applications such as Lin’s, governed by the REAL ID

2 Act of 2005, the agency may, “[c]onsidering the totality of

3 the circumstances,” base a credibility finding on the

4 inconsistencies in an asylum applicant’s statements,

5 “without regard to whether” they go “to the heart of the

6 applicant’s claim.” 8 U.S.C. § 1158(b)(1)(B)(iii); Xiu Xia

7 Lin v. Mukasey, 534 F.3d 162, 167 (2d Cir. 2008) (per

8 curiam). We “defer therefore to an IJ’s credibility

9 determination unless, from the totality of the

10 circumstances, it is plain that no reasonable fact-finder

11 could make such an adverse credibility ruling.” Xiu Xia

12 Lin, 534 F.3d at 167. Here, the IJ reasonably based the

13 adverse credibility determination on inconsistencies

14 regarding the names of Lin’s parents and the lack of

15 reliable corroborating evidence of Lin’s identity. 

16 First, the inconsistencies are supported by the record. 

17 The 2011 birth certificate and household registration

18 booklet Lin submitted with his asylum application contradict

19 a copy of a visa petition and 2003 birth certificate the

20 Government submitted. They reflect different names for both

21 Lin’s father and mother. Lin asserted that he was unaware

22 of the visa petition, is not related to the petitioner, and

3
1 is ignorant of the source of the 2003 certificate. The IJ

2 reasonably rejected Lin’s explanation because the petition

3 contained Lin’s personal information and photograph, and the

4 2003 birth certificate was issued by the Chinese government. 

5 See Majidi v. Gonzales, 430 F.3d 77, 80-81 (2d Cir. 2005)

6 (providing that the agency need not credit an applicant’s

7 explanations for inconsistent testimony unless those

8 explanations would compel a reasonable fact-finder to do

9 so). Accordingly, the IJ reasonably relied on the

10 inconsistencies among the birth certificates, visa petition,

11 and asylum application regarding the names of Lin’s parents. 

12 See 8 U.S.C. § 1158(b)(1)(B)(iii); Xiu Xia Lin, 534 F.3d at

13 166; Xiao Ji Chen v. U.S. Dep’t of Justice, 471 F.3d 315,

14 342 (2d Cir. 2006) (the weight to be accorded to documentary

15 evidence lies largely within the agency’s discretion).

16 Lin submitted other corroborating evidence that he

17 practiced Christianity: a letter from a woman purporting to

18 be his mother that confirmed that she and Lin attended

19 church in China; and the testimony of his paternal uncle,

20 who testified to Lin’s church attendance in the United

21 States. However, the IJ reasonably gave minimal weight to

22 that evidence because it did not rehabilitate the

4
1 inconsistencies regarding his identity. The letter did not

2 itself resolve the questions raised by the visa petition,

3 and Lin’s uncle knew only the nickname, not the official

4 name, of his sister-in-law, Lin’s mother. See Xiao Ji Chen,

5 471 F.3d at 341-42. Given that Lin’s identity was called

6 into question by inconsistencies in the documentary evidence

7 regarding the identity of his parents, and he failed to

8 provide reliable evidence corroborating his identity --

9 i.e., that he was the person described in the letter or that

10 his witness was actually his uncle -- the totality of the

11 circumstances supports the agency’s adverse credibility

12 determination. See Xiu Xia Lin, 534 F.3d at 167; Yanqin

13 Weng, 562 F.3d at 513. The adverse credibility

14 determination in this case necessarily precludes success on

15 his claims for asylum, withholding of removal, and CAT

16 relief, because the only evidence of a threat to Lin’s life

17 or freedom, or likelihood of torture, depended upon his

18 credibility. Paul v. Gonzales, 444 F.3d 148, 156 (2d Cir.

19 2006).

20

21 For the foregoing reasons, the petition for review is

22 DENIED. 

23 FOR THE COURT: 

24 Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk

25

26

5