XML Introduct

Gerr

WI Dep

coleman@doj

Fingerprint WorkshopApril 27, 2005
XML and Bovine Geo

Cattle-ized Biometric Ident

of Fertility Features (CB
Image Quality
Facial Recognitio

120 Pixels
Minutiae Templat

horizontal reference

I

Dot
What is XML?

• eXtensible Markup Language• Generic format for tagging data• World Wide Web Consortium (

specification

• Tutorial: www.w3Schools.com• A text format• Related:

• Stylesheet Transformations• Schema
Transmission format:Now is the <b>time</b> for all good m

Presentation form

Now is the time for all good men to come to.
XML

Like HTML, the tags are symetrical . 

<open> DATA </open

. . . but the tag names ar
Tags can be nested...

<verbs>

<open> DATA </open

</clos

</verbs>

<close> DATA

...well-for
Officially...

• The design goals for XML are:

– XML shall be straightforwardly usable over the – XML shall support a wide variety of applicatio– XML shall be compatible with SGML.– It shall be easy to write programs which proce

documents.

– The number of optional features in XML is to b

absolute minimum, ideally zero.

– XML documents should be human-legible and 

– The XML design should be prepared quickly.– The design of XML shall be formal and concis– XML documents shall be easy to create.– Terseness in XML markup is of minimal impor
For the ANSI/NIST fingerprint standard

would replace:

• Field tag names

– 2.001 would become <Length>

• Separators

– FS, GS, RS, US items would be d

tag names and angle brackets. < 
Why XML?

• XML is “built in”:

– Databases– Web Servers– Browsers– Application development softwar

• Applications don’t have to hand

– Parsing– Validation– Translation to presentation forma
Why XML?

• It is the currency of web servic

SOAP communication.

• XML-appliances are available t

security and performance.

• A growing infrastructure of tool

SAX, XPath, XML Query).

• XML is open, interoperable acr

platforms

• XML has archival “readability”
Why not XML (ye

• XML is a text-formatting conve

not optimized today for handlinobjects.

• WebServices is the principal m

for carrying XML payloads.

– The SOAP envelope, security an

delivery have yet to mature
Your programmers

can do anythin

<Record><Name>John Smith</Name<Length>380</Length><BinaryData>□

ß€åū ۞۩ظ≡∞ ₤◙♫♠☻█ 

₤ 

☻█ ≡∞ ظ۩۞ åūū

▲<»¿3⁄4§»¿3⁄4§€å

ū</BinaryData></Mu

</Record>

. . . but you lose the pow

tools to parse and valid
Proposals for Binary 

• Embedding Base-64 coded data• Referencing (URI)• SOAP with Attachments (SwA)• WebService Attachments (WS-attach• Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension• Direct Internet Message Encapsulati• XML-binary Optimized Packaging (X• Message Transmission Optimization 

(MTOM)
Joint Task Force on Ra

Standardization

• FBI, SEARCH, State Criminal H

Repositories, CJIS Advisory PoNLETS

• Created a rapsheet transmissio

using tagged data, like the ANSfingerprint transmission standa

• Created an XML transmission s

conforming to the Global JusticData model
JTF Findings

• Rapsheet presentation formats 

states were all different.

• XML and XSL can bring order t• NCIC and IAFIS data sets and 

not compatible.

• Code values are meaningless t

civilian users of criminal history 
<PalmImageTypeCode>

</PalmImageTypeCode>

45

<PalmImageT

</PalmImage

Right C
JTF Recommendat

• The FBI should develop a Type

specification using GJXDM-conXML.

• An XML version of the entire st

the fingerprint transmission pacshould be developed.
Example

<FingerprintTransmissionPackage>

<RecordType01TransactionRecord>

<Length>305</Length><Version>0900</Version>

<Content>...</Content>

</RecordType01TransactionRecord><RecordType02DescriptiveText>

<Length>813</Length>

<ImageDesignationCharacter>00</ImageD

</RecordType02DescriptiveText>

<RecordType14VariableResolutionTenPrintRe

<Length>813</Length><ImageDesignationCharacter>01</ImageD

<CompressionAlgorithm>WSQ20</Compr

<ImageBase64>8vnsl3ULdnsU=<ImageB

</RecordType14VariableResolutionTenPrintRe

</FingerprintTransmissionPackage>
edi m

• Information site:

• http://www.doj.state.wi.us/les