ORGANIZATION OF SCIENTIFIC AREA COMMITTEES (OSAC) FOR FORENSIC SCIENCE 

BLOODSTAIN PATTERN ANALYSIS SUBCOMMITTEE

Bloodstain Pattern Analysis

Bibliography

Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Research Task Group 

Revision 4

Updated April 8, 2021
Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Bibliography Revision 4 Updated April 8, 2021 Page 2 of 76

Contents

Preface.............................................................................................................................................................. 3

2020 .................................................................................................................................................................. 4

2019 .................................................................................................................................................................. 8

2018 ................................................................................................................................................................ 17

2017 ................................................................................................................................................................ 20

2012-2016....................................................................................................................................................... 25

2007-2011....................................................................................................................................................... 32

2002-2006....................................................................................................................................................... 40

1997-2001....................................................................................................................................................... 50

1996-1992....................................................................................................................................................... 57

1982-1991....................................................................................................................................................... 64

1981-1972....................................................................................................................................................... 70

1892-1971....................................................................................................................................................... 73
Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Bibliography Revision 4 Updated April 8, 2021 Page 3 of 76

Preface

This bibliography historically began as the Bibliography Project generated by the Scientific Working 

Group on Bloodstain Pattern Analysis (SWGSTAIN) Research Subcommittee. This list has been updated 

and will continue to be updated periodically.

Literature related to bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA) was located in scientific journals, newsletters, 

technical reports, books, web pages, theses, conference papers, law reports and magazines. This is not 

considered a complete list on the topic of BPA.

The BPA Research Task Group would like to acknowledge initial support for this project from the 

SWGSTAIN membership, the Midwest Forensics Resource Center, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, 

the Institute for Environmental Science and Research, Trent University and the Ontario Provincial Police.

For edits or to recommend additional references, contact Stephen Michielsen

(stephen.michielsen@gmail.com).

Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Research Task Group
Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Bibliography Revision 4 Updated April 8, 2021 Page 4 of 76

2020

1. Airlie, M.; Chaseling, J.; Krosch, M. N.; Wright, K., An evaluation of infrared photography for 

detecting bloodstains on dark-coloured floor coverings commonly encountered at crime 

scenes. Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences 2020, 1-13.

2. Badbade, P. R.; Timble, N. B.; Sahoo, S., Effect of Textile Substrate and its Processing on Blood 

Staining Pattern. International Journal on Textile Engineering and Processes 2019, 5 (3), 7-10.

3. Beresford, D.; Stotesbury, T.; Langer, S.; Illes, M.; Kyle, C.; Yamashita, B., Bridging the gap 

between academia and practice: perspectives from two large-scale and niche research 

projects in Canada. J Science Justice 2020, 60 (1), 95-98.

4. Choi, K.; Kim, W.; Ho-Young, K., Crack density in bloodstains Soft Matter 2020, 16 (24), 5571-

5576.

5. Choromanski, K., Current Problems of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. In Bloodstain Pattern 

Analysis in Crime Scenarios, Springer: 2020; pp 61-65.

6. Choromanski, K., Basics of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. In Bloodstain Pattern Analysis in Crime 

Scenarios, Springer: 2020; pp 3-15.

7. Choromanski, K., Bloodstain Pattern Analysis in Crime Scenarios. Springer: 2020.

8. Choromanski, K., Suicide Scenario. In Bloodstain Pattern Analysis in Crime Scenarios, Springer: 

2020; pp 41-59.

9. Choromanski, K., Homicide Scenario. In Bloodstain Pattern Analysis in Crime Scenarios, 

Springer: 2020; pp 17-39.

10. Choromański, K., Performing bloodstain pattern analysis and other forensic activities on cases 

related to coronavirus diseases (COVID-19). International Journal of Legal Studies 2020, 7 (1), 

13-24.

11. Cossette, M.-L.; Stotesbury, T.; Shafer, A. B. A., Quantifying visible absorbance changes and 

DNA degradation in aging bloodstains under extreme temperatures. Forensic Science 

International 2021, 318.

12. Das, T.; Harshey, A.; Nigam, K.; Yadav, V. K.; Srivastava, A., Analytical approaches for 

bloodstain aging by vibrational spectroscopy: Current trends and future perspectives. 

Microchemical Journal 2020, 158, 105278.

13. Dozier, J., Investigating Directional Characteristics in Swipe Patterns on Fabrics. Journal of 

Forensic Identification 2020, 70 (2).

14. Dutta, P.; Goala, S. In Determination of Centre of Origin in Gunshot Analysis Using Triangular 

Fuzzy Number, International Conference on Information Technology and Applied 

Mathematics, 2020; pp 304-313.

15. Esaias, O.; Noonan, G. W.; Everist, S.; Roberts, M.; Thompson, C.; Krosch, M. N., Improved 

area of origin estimation for bloodstain pattern analysis using 3D scanning. Journal of forensic 

sciences 2020, 65 (3), 722-728.

16. Euteneuer, J.; Gosch, A.; Cachée, P.; Courts, C., A distant relationship?—investigation of 

correlations between DNA isolated from backspatter traces recovered from firearms, wound 

profile characteristics, and shooting distance. International Journal of Legal Medicine 2020,

134, 1619-1628.

17. Garcia-Geijo, P.; Riboux, G.; Gordillo, J. M., Inclined Impact of Drops. Journal of Fluid 

Mechanics 2020, 897.

18. Gautam, R.; Peoples, D.; Jansen, K.; O’Connor, M.; Thomas, G.; Vanga, S.; Pence, I. J.; 

Mahadevan-Jansen, A., Feature Selection and Rapid Characterization of Bloodstains on 

Different Substrates. Applied Spectroscopy 2020, 74 (10), 1238-1251.

19. Griffiths, G.; Lisco, E.; NORTHFIELD, D., Accuracy of Area of Origin Analysis on Textured, 

Wallpaper Surfaces. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 2020, 35 (1), 1-11.

20. Hatch, K.; Lavoie, K.; Crispino, F., Adaptation of Bluestar to Extreme Outdoor Cold Conditions. 
Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Bibliography Revision 4 Updated April 8, 2021 Page 5 of 76

Journal of Forensic Identification 2020, 70, 89-102.

21. Hortolà, P., Microscopic imaging of human bloodstains: testing the potential of a confocal 

laser scanning microscope as an alternative to SEMs. Micron 2020, 130 (1).

22. Illes, M.; Wilson, P., Forensic epistemology: exploring case-specific research in forensic 

science. Canadian Society of Forensic Science Journal 2020, 53 (1), 26-40.

23. Illes, M.; Wilson, P., The Scientific Method in Forensic Science A Canadian Handbook. Canadian 

Scholars' Press: 2020.

24. Illes, M.; Wilson, P.; Bruce, C., Forensic epistemology: A need for research and pedagogy. 

Forensic Science International: Synery 2020, 2, 51-59.

25. James, M. E., Degrees of contrast: Detection of latent bloodstains on fabric using ALS and the 

effects of washing. Journal of Forensic Sciences 2020.

26. Kearse, K. P., Ultraviolet 365 as an alternative light source for detection of blood serum. 

Journal of forensic sciences 2020, 65 (5), 1716-1721.

27. Kearse, K. P., Unanticipated issues in serological analysis of blood species - The Shroud of 

Turin as a case example. Forensic Science International: Reports 2020, 2 (1).

28. Keten, A., Commentary on: Liu Y, attinger D, de brabanter K. automatic classification of 

bloodstain patterns caused by gunshot and blunt impact at various distances. Journal of 

forensic sciences 2020, 65 (4), 1385.

29. Kim, H.-J.; Lee, Y.-J.; Lee, S.; Lee, Y.-R.; Son, H.; Shin, M.; Choi, H.; Yu, J.; Lee, J.; Kang, H.-

G., Metabolomic profiling of bloodstains on various absorbent and non-absorbent surfaces. 

Analytical bioanalytical chemistry 2020, 412 (6), 1407-1417.

30. Kumar, R.; Sharma, K.; Sharma, V., Bloodstain age estimation through infrared spectroscopy 

and Chemometric models. Science and Justice 2020, 60 (6), 538-546.

31. Lee, S.-Y.; Seo, Y.-I.; Moon, B.-S.; Kim, J.-P.; Goh, J.-M.; Park, N.-K.; Shin, S.-H., Study on 

development of forensic blood substitute: Focusing on bloodstain pattern analysis. Forensic 

Science International 2020, 316, 110461.

32. Liscio, E.; Bozek, P.; Guryn, H.; Le, Q., Observations and 3D analysis of controlled cast-off 

stains. Journal of forensic sciences 2020, 65 (4), 1128-1140.

33. Liscio, E.; Eng, P.; Moore, C. C., Accuracy of Digital Ellipse Marking for Bloodstain Pattern 

Analysis. Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 2020, 35 (3), 11-22.

34. Liu, Y.; Attinger, D.; De Brabanter, K., Automatic classification of bloodstain patterns caused 

by gunshot and blunt impact at various distances. Journal of forensic sciences 2020, 65 (3), 

729-743.

35. Luo, T.; Zhou, T.; Qu, J., Discrimination of wet or dried arterial and venous blood for forensic 

applications via eosin fluorescence lifetime. Sensors and Actuators. Part B, Chemical 2020,

B304.

36. Masataka, M.; Mitsuru, M.; Megumi, Y.; Takao, H.; Motohiro, K., Immunochromatographic 

detection of human hemoglobin from deteriorated bloodstains due to methamphetamine 

contamination, aging, and heating. Analytical bioanalytical chemistry 2020, 412, 5799-5809.

37. McCleary, S.; Liscio, E.; De Brabanter, K.; Attinger, D., Automated reconstruction of cast-off 

blood spatter patterns based on Euclidean geometry and statistical likelihood. Forensic 

Science International 2021, 319.

38. Menżyk, A.; Damin, A.; Martyna, A.; Alladio, E.; Vincenti, M.; Martra, G.; Zadora, G., Toward 

a novel framework for bloodstains dating by Raman spectroscopy: How to avoid sample 

photodamage and subsampling errors. Talanta 2020, 209, 120565.

39. Millington, J. J. C. S. t. C. T. E. o. F. S., 7 Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. Crime Scene to Court: The 

Essentials of Forensic Science 2020, 191.

40. Mistek-Morabito, E.; Lednev, I. K., Discrimination between human and animal blood by 
Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Bibliography Revision 4 Updated April 8, 2021 Page 6 of 76

attenuated total reflection Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy. Communications 

Chemistry, London 2020, 3 (1).

41. Morrison, G. S.; Neumann, C.; Geoghegan, P. H., Vacuous standards–Subversion of the OSAC 

standards-development process. Forensic Science International: Synery 2020, 2, 206-209.

42. Nakanishia, H.; Ohmori, T.; Yoneyama, K.; Hara, M.; Takada, A.; Saito, K., Bloodstain 

examination and DNA typing from hand-washed bloodstains on clothes. Legal Medicine 2020,

47.

43. Pandita, R. Bloodstain pattern analysis: The identification and evaluation of reusable surfaces 

for the reconstruction of BPA events. Murdoch University, 2020.

44. Pope, L., Chemical Testing for Presumptive Blood on Items and the Ground Below Them 

During Months of Exposure to Sun, Rain, and Rust. Journal of Forensic Identification 2020, 70

(4), 416.

45. Rashad, A., Bloodstain Pattern: An open source of Evidence A Case Study. International 

Journal for Electronic Crime Investigation 2020, 4 (1), 12-18.

46. Rathnaweera, R. J. G. M. J., A case of fatal haemorrhage due to ruptured varicose veins. Galle 

Medical Journal 2020, 25 (3), 111-113.

47. Rimmasch, P., Intentional Flash Overexposure for the Visualization of Blood and General 

Wetness on Dark-Colored Clothing. Journal of Forensic Identification 2020, 70 (4), 428-441.

48. Rivers, D. B.; Dunphy, B.; Hammerschmidt, C.; Carrigan, A., Characterization of Insect Stains 

Deposited by Calliphora vicina (Diptera: Calliphoridae) on Shirt Fabrics. Journal of Medical 

Entomology 2020, 57 (5), 1399-1406.

49. Saito, K.; Kogure, M.; Sonoda, A.; Ito, R., Luminol chemiluminescence reaction: Optimization 

by image analysis method and use in distinguishing human hemoglobin from potassium 

hexacyanoferrate(III) by addition of ascorbic acid. Forensic Chemistry 2020, 21.

50. Sarwar, A.; Bhatti, M. R. B., Bloodstain Pattern: An open source of Evidence A Case Study. 

International Journal for Electronic Crime Investigation 2020, 4 (1), 7-7.

51. Schyma, C.; Baumann, F.; Madea, B.; Gotsmy, W., Study of backspatter using high-speed 

video of experimental gunshots. Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology 2021, 17, 36-46.

52. Serinelli, S.; Bonaccorso, L.; Gitto, L., Fatal bleeding caused by a ruptured varicose vein. 

Medico-Legal Journal 2020, 88 (1), 41-44.

53. Shaine, M. L.; Premasiri, W. R.; Ingraham, H. M.; Andino, R.; Lemler, P.; Brodeur, A. N.; 

Ziegler, L. D., Surface enhanced raman scattering for robust, sensitive detection and 

confirmatory identification of dried bloodstains The Analyst 2020, 145 (18), 6097-6110.

54. Shen, J.; Wang, X., Substrate Counts: Quantitative Effects of Surface Roughness on Fingering 

Pattern and Rim Shape of an Impacting Drop. Physics of Fluids 2020, 32.

55. Singh, R., "Blood Stain Identification and Its DNA Stability on Different Fabrics. International 

Journal of Forensic Medicine 2020, 2 (1), 21-24.

56. Sliefert, N. D. Influence of muzzle gases on blood droplet backspatter. Dissertation, Iowa State 

University 2020.

57. Smith, F.; Nicloux, C.; Brutin, D., A new forensic tool to date human blood pools. Scientific 

Reports 2020, 10 (1), 1-12.

58. Sparer, A.; Serp, B.; Schwarz, L.; Windberger, U., Storability of porcine blood in forensics: 

How far should we go? Forensic science international 2020, 311, 110268.

59. Stojanović, I.; Stojanović, J.; Šorgić, D.; Čipev, A., Effect of incomplete sampling description in 

DNA reports on bloodstain pattern analysis and reconstruction of a crime scene. Medicine, 

Science, the Law 2020, 60 (4), 301-304.

60. Stotesbury, T.; Cossette, M.; Newell-Bell, T.; al., e., An Exploratory Time Since Deposition 

Analysis of Whole Blood Using Metrics of DNA Degradation and Visible Absorbance 

Spectroscopy. Pure and Applied Geophysics 2020.
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61. Sweety, S.; Rito, C.; Singh, R., Forensic discrimination of menstrual blood and peripheral blood 

using attenuated total reflectance (ATR)-Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and 

chemometrics. International Journal of Legal Medicine 2020, 134, 63-77.

62. Terranova, C.; Doro, L.; Zancaner, S.; Zampini, T.; Mazzarolo, C.; Bonvicini, B.; Montisci, M.; 

al., e., Criminological and Medico-legal aspects in homicidal and suicidal sharp force fatalities. 

Journal of Forensic Sciences 2020, 65 (4), 1184-1190.

63. Thompson, C.; Bennett, R.; Krosch, M. N.; Chaseling, J.; Wright, K., Evaluation of the RSIDTMSaliva test to detect saliva in expirated bloodstains and development of an ‘in-scene’protocol. 

Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences 2020, 1-12.

64. Triveni, K., BLOODSTAIN PATTERNS AND THE USE OF DIGITAL AID IN INTERPRETATION: A 

REVIEW. International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 5 (4), 339-342.

65. Wang, F.; Gallardo, V.; Michielsen, S.; Fang, T., Fundamental study of porcine drip 

bloodstains on fabrics: Blood droplet impact and wicking dynamics. Forensic Science 

International 2020, 318.

66. Weber, A. R.; Lednev, I. K., Crime clock–Analytical studies for approximating time since 

deposition of bloodstains. Forensic Chemistry 2020, 19, 100248.

67. Yeh, K.; Burr, W. S.; Stock, N. L.; Stotesbury, T., Preliminary analysis of latent fingerprints 

recovered from underneath bloodstains using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization 

fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI FT-ICR MSI). 

Forensic Chemistry 2020, 20, 100274.
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2019

68. Adam, C. D. (2019). "Experimental and theoretical studies into the release of blood droplets 

from weapon tips." Forensic Science International 303: 109934.

69. Almazrouei, M. A., et al. (2019). "The forensic disclosure model: what should be disclosed to, 

and by, forensic experts?" International Journal of Law, Crime Justice 59: 100330.

70. Alshehhi, S. and P. R. Haddrill (2019). "Estimating time since deposition using quantification of 

RNA degradation in body fluid-specific markers." Forensic Science International 298: 58-63.

71. Aplin, S., et al. (2019). "The Influence of Hematocrit Value on Area of Origin Estimations for 

Blood Source in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis." Journal of Forensic Identification 69(2).

72. Aquila, I., et al. (2019). "The reconstruction of the dynamic of a murder using 3D motion 

capture and 3D model buildings: the investigation of a dubious forensic case." Journal of 

forensic sciences 64(5): 1540-1543.

73. Araújo, P., Jr, et al. (2019). "Towards Autonomous Investigation of Crime Scene by Using 

Drones." Sensors & Transducers 234(6): 30-36.

74. Asif, I., et al. (2019). Forensic laboratory practices and quality. Trends of Environmental 

Forensics in Pakistan, Elsevier: 95-109.

75. Attinger, D. (2019). "Charts based on millions of fluid dynamics simulations provide a simple 

tool to estimate how far from its source a specific blood stain can be found." Forensic Science 

International 298: 97-105.

76. Attinger, D., et al. (2019). "Determining the region of origin of blood spatter patterns 

considering fluid dynamics and statistical uncertainties." Forensic Science International 298: 

323-331.

77. Attinger, D., et al. (2019). "A data set of bloodstain patterns for teaching and research in 

bloodstain pattern analysis: Gunshot backspatters." Data in brief 22: 269-278.

78. Ayari, T., et al. (2019). "Comprehensive modeling of bloodstain aging by multivariate Raman 

spectral resolution with kinetics." Communications Chemistry; London 2(1).

79. Baharuddin, A. S. and M. H. Ahmad (2019). Forensic Science Application towards Rahmatan Lil 

Alamin: An Appraisal within the Context of Justice, USIM Press.

80. Bălan, L. (2019). "Bloodstain Pattern Analysis." European Journal of Law Public Administration

6(1): 187-192.

81. Barrera, V., et al. (2019). "Gunshot residue on dark materials: a comparison between infrared 

photography and the use of an alternative light source." International Journal of Legal 

Medicine 133(4): 1115-1120.

82. Bastide, B., et al. (2019). "Detection of latent bloodstains at fire scenes using reflected 

infrared photography." Forensic Science International 302: 109874.
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83. Bell, S. (2019). Forensic Science: An Introduction to Scientific and Investigative Techniques, 

CRC Press.

84. Bird, T. A. G., et al. (2019). "Time since deposition of biological fluids using RNA degradation." 

Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 7(1): 401-402.

85. Boos, K., et al. (2019). "Characterizing drip patterns in bloodstain pattern analysis: An 

investigation of the influence of droplet impact velocity and number of droplets on static 

pattern features." Forensic Science International 301: 55-66.

86. Borrini, M. and L. Garlaschelli (2019). "A BPA Approach to the Shroud of Turin." Journal of 

forensic sciences 64(1): 137-143.

87. Butler, J., et al. (2019). "A comparison of four presumptive tests for the detection of blood on 

dark materials." Journal of forensic sciences 64(6): 1838-1843.

88. Camilleri, A., et al. (2019). "A risk-based approach to cognitive bias in forensic science." 

Science Justice 59(5): 533-543.

89. Carew, R. M. and D. Errickson (2019). "Imaging in forensic science: five years on." Journal of 

Forensic Radiology Imaging 16: 24-33.

90. Cavalcanti, D. and L. Silva (2019). "Application of atomic force microscopy in the analysis of 

time since deposition (TSD) of red blood cells in bloodstains: A forensic analysis." Forensic 

Science International 301: 254-262.

91. Chakaneh, J. Z., et al. (2019). "Surface roughness effect on droplet impact characterization: 

Experimental and theoretical study." Journal of Mechanical Engineering Sciences 13(2): 5104-

5125.

92. Charman, S., et al. (2019). "Cognitive bias in legal decision making." Psychological science the 

law: 30.

93. Chasteen, C. E. (2019). Interacting with Other Disciplines. Forensic Analysis of Fire Debris and 

Explosives, Springer: 305-336.

94. Choi, W., et al. (2019). "Highly sensitive and accurate estimation of bloodstain age using 

smartphone." Biosensors Bioelectronics 130: 414-419.

95. Cockle, D. L. and L. S. Bell (2019). "The impact of trauma and blood loss on human 

decomposition." Sci Justice 59(332): e6.

96. Comiskey, P. and A. Yarin (2019). "Self-similar turbulent vortex rings: interaction of propellant 

gases with blood backspatter and the transport of gunshot residue." Journal of Fluid 

Mechanics 876: 859-880.

97. Comiskey, P., et al. (2019). "Hydrodynamics of forward blood spattering caused by a bullet of 

general shape." Physics of Fluids 31(8): 084103.
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98. Comiskey, P., et al. (2019). "Implications of two backward blood spatter models based on fluid 

dynamics for bloodstain pattern analysis." Forensic Science International 301: 299-305.

99. Comiskey, P. M. (2019). Fluid Mechanics of Blood Motion Resulting from Common 

Bloodletting Events, University of Illinois at Chicago.

100. Conlan, X. A., et al. (2019). "Application of a digital stringing protocol on buried fabrics." 

Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences 51(sup1): S145-S148.

101. Cooper, G. S. and V. Meterko (2019). "Cognitive bias research in forensic science: a systematic 

review." Forensic Science International 297: 35-46.

102. Costantini, S., et al. (2019). "Digital forensics and investigations meet artificial intelligence." 

Annals of Mathematics Artificial Intelligence 86(1): 193-229.

103. Das, R. (2019). Digital In-line Holography of blood atomization, Iowa State University.

104. De Alcaraz-Fossoul, J. and M. Islam (2019). Novel Technological Applications for Latent and 

Blood-Stained Fingermark Aging Studies. Emerging Technologies for the Analysis of Forensic 

Traces, Springer: 33-66.

105. Dicken, L. (2019). Passive bloodstains on cotton fabrics, Cranfield University.

106. Dicken, L., et al. (2019). "The effect of fabric mass per unit area and blood impact velocity on 

bloodstain morphology." Forensic Science International 301: 12-27.

107. Dicken, L., et al. (2019). "Investigating bloodstain dynamics at impact on the technical rear of 

fabric." Forensic Science International 301: 142-148.

108. Dillon, S. (2019). Investigating the Quantitative Characteristics of Drip Bloodstain Patterns & 

Construction of a Novel Brachial Artery Device, University of Auckland.

109. Ding, Q., et al. (2019). "Two jets during the impact of viscous droplets onto a less-viscous 

liquid pool." Physical Review E 100(5): 053108.

110. do Nascimento, R. M., et al. (2019). "Blood droplets on functionalized surfaces: Chemical, 

roughness and superhydrophobic effects." Colloid Surfaces A: Physicochemical Engineering 

Aspects 574: 188-196.

111. Dubey, M. K., et al. (2019). "A comparative study on variations in bloodstain patterns due to 

change in surface angles-using blood from four common animal species." International Journal 

of Clinical and Diagnostic Pathology 2: 167-174.

112. Dutta, P. and S. Goala (2019). Determination of Centre of Origin in Gunshot Analysis Using 

Triangular Fuzzy Number. International Conference on Information Technology and Applied 

Mathematics, Springer.

113. Esaias, O., et al. (2019). "Improved Area of Origin Estimation for Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 
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Using 3D Scanning." Journal of forensic sciences 65(3): 722-728.

114. Euteneuer, J., et al. (2019). "Evaluation of the backspatter generation and wound profiles of 

an anatomically correct skull model for molecular ballistics." International Journal of Legal 

Medicine 133(6): 1839-1850.

115. FINEZ, M. A. and C. G. CHIARATO (2019). "Análise dos padrões de manchas de sangue: a física 

e a biologia nas cenas do crime." Revista Científica da Faculdade de Grân Tietê.

116. Franjić, S. (2019). "Blood in Murder Investigation." Journal of Law Judicial System 2(3): 18-22.

117. Fu, J. and R. W. Allen (2019). "A method to estimate the age of bloodstains using quantitative 

PCR." Forensic Science International: Genetics 39: 103-108.

118. Galarion, W. H., et al. (2019). Drop impact dynamics of bloodstain on fabric. 9th International 

Conference on Imaging for Crime Detection and Prevention (ICDP-2019), Stevenage, IET 

Conference Proceedings.

119. Gardner, B. O., et al. (2019). "Do evidence submission forms expose latent print examiners to 

task-irrelevant information?" Forensic Science International 297: 236-242.

120. Gardner, B. O., et al. (2019). "What do forensic analysts consider relevant to their decision 

making?" Science and Justice 59(5): 516-523.

121. Garrett, M. D. (2019). Interdisciplinary Learning Communities: Bridging the Gap between the 

Sciences and the Humanities through Forensic Science. Teaching Chemistry with Forensic 

Science, ACS Publications: 109-136.

122. Geldenhuys, K. (2019). "Crime series-triple axe murder in the Cape Winelands part 3 (final)." 

Servamus Community-based Safety Security Magazine 112(1): 38-47.

123. Gomez, N. A. (2019). Detection of metformin in dried blood on cotton cloth using QuEChERS 

procedure and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).

124. Gooch, J., et al. (2019). Bioanalytical Advancements in the Reliable Visualization and 

Discrimination of Bodily Fluids. Emerging Technologies for the Analysis of Forensic Traces, 

Springer: 75-102.

125. Gordillo, J. M., et al. (2019). "A theory on the spreading of impacting droplets." Journal of 

Fluid Mechanics 866: 298-315.

126. Gualdieri, R. (2019). "The optimization of bovine blood for research use in forensic bloodstain 

pattern analysis." Peterborough: Trent University.

127. Gunn, A. (2019). Essential forensic biology, John Wiley & Sons.

128. Harris, H. A. and H. C. Lee (2019). Introduction to Forensic Science and Criminalistics, CRC 

Press.
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129. Hofmann, M., et al. (2019). "Detectability of bloodstains after machine washing." International 

Journal of Legal Medicine 133(1): 3-16.

130. Holbrook, K. L. (2019). The instrumental evaluation of blood decomposition volatiles on 

various substrates and their relationship to presumptive test methods.

131. Houck, M. M. (2019). "Open, transparent science helps promote justice." Forensic Science 

International: Synergy 1: A275.

132. Howard, D., et al. (2019). "Detection of blood on clothing laundered with sodium 

percarbonate." Forensic Science International 302: 109885.

133. Huang, S., et al. (2019). "Blood species identification based on deep learning analysis of 

Raman spectra." Biomedical optics express 10(12): 6129-6144.

134. Illes, M., et al. (2019). "Forensic epistemology: testing the reasoning skills of crime scene 

experts." Canadian Society of Forensic Science Journal 52(4): 151-173.

135. Kesić, T., et al. BLOODSTAIN PATTERN ANALYSIS: A STRONG EVIDENCE OR THE CAUSE OF THE 

MISCARRIAGE OF JUSTICE44. International Scientific Conference “Towards a Better Future: 

Democracy, EU Integration and Criminal Justice”.

136. Klein, A., et al. (2019). "The use of liquid latex for detecting traces of blood following thermal 

exposure." International Journal of Legal Medicine 133(5): 1567-1574.

137. Kumar, P., et al. (2019). "Challenges and opportunities in blood flow through porous 

substrate: A design and interface perspective of dried blood spot." Journal of pharmaceutical 

biomedical analysis 175: 112772.

138. Laan, N., et al. (2019). "The influence of coagulation on the drying dynamics of blood pools." 

Forensic Science International 305: 110008.

139. LAOHABUTR, P. and S. Supalaknari (2019). Estimation of the age of bloodstain on cloth by the 

method of image analysis, Silpakorn University.

140. Le, Q. and E. Liscio (2019). "A comparative study between FARO Scene and FARO Zone 3D for 

area of origin analysis." Forensic Science International 301: 166-173.

141. Le, Q. and E. Liscio (2019). "FARO Zone 3D Area of Origin Tools with Handheld 3D Data." J 

Assoc Crime Scene Reconstr: 23.

142. Lee, Y.-R., et al. (2019). "Internal standard metabolites for obtaining absolute quantitative 

information on the components of bloodstains by standardization of samples." Forensic 

Science International 294: 69-75.

143. Liang, G., et al. (2019). "Maximum spreading for liquid drop impacting on solid surface." 

Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research 58(23): 10053-10063.

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953. Hatta, N., H. Fujimoto, and H. Takuda. "Deformation Process of a Water Droplet Impinging 

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954. Henderson, D.C., and F.J. Micale. "Dynamic Surface Tension Measurement with the Drop 

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955. Hentschel, P. R. "Bloodstain Pattern Analysis without a Scientific Calculator." 208-11: 

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969. MacDonell, H.L. "Balthazard Was Great, but He Didn't String Us Along." 

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