FY 2011 Government Unique Standards used in lieu of Voluntary Consensus Standards (Rescinded)

Agency: Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)

Government Standard: All-Terrain Vehicle Standard, Consumer Product Enhancement Act (CPSIA), 

Section 232(a) [Incorporated: 2009] [Rescinded: 2009]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

Four Wheel All-Terrain Vehicles - Equipment, 

Configuration, and Performance Requirements 

(ANSI/SVIA-1)

The CPSIA directed the Commission to publish, as a 

mandatory consumer product safety standard, the 

ANSI/SVIA-1-2007 as a mandatory standard

Government Standard: Mandatory Toy Safety Standards, Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act 

or 2008, Section 106 [Incorporated: 2009] [Rescinded: 2009]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASTM Standard Consumer Safety Specification 

for Toy Safety (ASTM F963-08)

The CPSIA made certain voluntary standards, including 

the ASTM F963-08, 

into mandatory consumer product standards.

Agency: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Government Standard: 40 CFR 89 - Control of Emissions from New and In-Use Non-Road Compression 

Ignition Engines [Incorporated: 1999] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ISO 8178 - Reciprocating Internal Combustion 

Engines, Exhaust Emission Measurement

Procedures would be impractical because they rely too 

heavily on reference testing conditions. Agency 

decides instead to continue to rely on procedures 

outlined in 40 CFR Part 90.

Government Standard: 40 CFR 90 - Control of Emission from Non-Road Spark Ignition Engines at or 

below 19KV [Incorporated: 1999] [Rescinded: 2007]
Voluntary Standard Rationale

ISO 8178 - Reciprocating Internal Combustion 

Engines, Exhaust Emission Measurement

Procedures would be impractical because they rely too 

heavily on reference testing conditions. Agency 

decides instead to continue to rely on procedures 

outlined in 40 CFR Part 90.

Government Standard: 40 CFR 92 - Control of Air Pollution from Locomotives and Locomotive 

Engines [Incorporated: 1999] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ISO 8178 - Reciprocating Internal Combustion 

Engines, Exhaust Emission Measurement

Procedures would be impractical because they rely too 

heavily on reference testing conditions. Agency 

decides instead to continue to rely on procedures 

outlined in 40 CFR Part 90.

Government Standard: EPA Method 10 - Carbon Monoxide, NDIR [Incorporated: 1999] [Rescinded: 

2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASTM D3162 (1994) Standard Test Method for 

Carbon Monoxide in the Atmosphere 

(Continuous Measurement by Non-dispersive 

Infrared Spectrometry)

This ASTM standard, which is stated to be applicable in 

the range of 0.5-100 ppm CO, does not cover the range 

of EPA Method 10 (20-1,000 ppm CO) at the upper end 

(but states that it has a lower limit of sensitivity). Also, 

ASTM D3162 does not provide a procedure to remove 

carbon dioxide interference. Therefore, this ASTM 

standard is not appropriate for combustion source 

conditions. In terms of non-dispersive infrared 

instrument performance specifications, ASTM D3162 

has much higher maximum allowable rise and fall 

times (5 minutes) than EPA Method 10 (which has 30 

seconds).

CAN/CSA Z223.21-M1978, Method for the 

Measurement of Carbon Monoxide: 3—Method 

of Analysis by Non-Dispersive Infrared 

Spectrometry

1. This standard is lacking in the following areas: (1) 

Sampling procedures; (2) procedures to correct for the 

carbon dioxide concentration; (3) instructions to 

correct the gas volume if CO2 traps are used; (4) 

specifications to certify the calibration gases are within 

2 percent of the target concentration; (5) mandatory 
instrument performance characteristics (e.g., rise time, 

fall time, zero drift, span drift, precision); (6) 

quantitative specification of the span value maximum 

as compared to the measured value: The standard 

specifies that the instruments should be compatible 

with the concentration of gases to be measured, 

whereas EPA Method 10 specifies that the instrument 

span value should be no more than 1.5 times the 

source performance standard. 2. Is too general, too 

broad, or not sufficiently detailed to assure compliance 

with EPA regulatory requirements.

Government Standard: EPA Method 15 - Hydrogen Sulfide/Carbon Disulfide/Carbon 

Sulfide [Incorporated: 1999] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASME C00031 or PTC 19-10-1981 - Part 10 Flue 

and Exhaust Gas Analyses 

Too broad to be useful in regulatory sense. Covers 

Methods 3, 6, 7, and 15 with variants. 

ASTM D4323-84 (1997) - Standard Test Method 

for Hydrogen Sulfide in the Atmosphere by Rate 

of Change of Reflectance

ASTM D4323 only applies to concentrations of H2S 

from 1 ppb to 3 ppm without dilution. Many QC items 

are missing, such as calibration drift and sample line 

losses. The calibration curve is determined with only 

one point.

Government Standard: EPA Method 1650 - Organic Halides, Absorbable (AOX) [Incorporated: 1998] 

[Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ISO, DIN, SCAN, and Standard Methods (SM 

5320)

EPA decided to use EPA Method 1650. This Method 

was developed by drawing on various procedures 

contained in the methods of voluntary consensus 

standards bodies and other standards developers, such 

as ISO, DIN, SCAN, and Standard Methods (SM 5320). 

However, none of these more narrowly focused 

voluntary consensus standards contained the 

standardized quality control and quality control 

compliance criteria that EPA requires for data 

verification and validation in its water programs. 
Therefore, EPA found none of these VCS standing 

alone to meet EPA’s needs.

Government Standard: EPA Method 18 - VOC/GC [Incorporated: 1999] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASTM D6060-96 (in review 2000) - Practice for 

Sampling of Process Vents with a Portable Gas 

Chromatography

This standard lacks key quality control and assurance 

that is required for EPA Method 18. For example: lacks 

acceptance criteria for calibration, details on using 

other collection media (e.g. solid sorbents), and 

reporting/ documentation requirements.

Government Standard: EPA Method 180.1 - Turbidity Nephelometric [Incorporated: 1999] 

[Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ISO 7027 - Water Quality Determination of 

Turbidity

EPA has no data upon which to evaluate whether the 

separate 90 degrees scattered or transmitted light 

measurement evaluations according to the ISO 7027 

method would produce results that are equivalent to 

results produced by the other methods.

Government Standard: EPA Method 2 – Velocity and S-type Pitot [Incorporated: 1999] [Rescinded: 

2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASTM 3796-90 (1998), Standard Practice for 

Calibration of Type S Pitot Tubes

They are too general, too broad, or not sufficiently 

detailed to assure compliance with EPA regulatory 

requirements.

ASTM D3154-00, Standard Method for Average 

Velocity in a Duct (Pitot Tube Method)

1. The standard appears to lack in quality control and 

quality assurance requirements. It does not include the 

following: (1) Proof that openings of standard pitot 

tube have not plugged during the test; (2) if differential 

pressure gauges other than inclined manometers (e.g., 

magnehelic gauges) are used, their calibration must be 

checked after each test series; and (3) the frequency 
and validity range for calibration of the temperature 

sensors. 2. They are too general, too broad, or not 

sufficiently detailed to assure compliance with EPA 

regulatory requirements.

ASTM D3154-91 (1995), Standard Method for 

Average Velocity in a Duct (Pitot Tube Method)

Is too general, too broad, or not sufficiently detailed to 

assure compliance with EPA regulatory requirements.

Government Standard: EPA Method 23 – Dioxin and Furan (PCDD and PCDF) [Incorporated: 1999] 

[Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

European Committee for Standardization (CEN) 

EN 1948-3 (1997), Determination of the Mass 

Concentration of PCDD'S/PCDF'S--Part 3: 

Identification and Quantification

Is too general, too broad, or not sufficiently detailed to 

assure compliance with EPA regulatory requirements.

Government Standard: EPA Method 24 – Surface Coatings, Volatile Matter Content [Incorporated: 

1998] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ISO 11890-1 (2000) part 1, Paints and Varnishes-

-Determination of Volatile Organic Compound 

(VOC) Content-Difference Method

Measured nonvolatile matter content can vary with 

experimental factors such as temperature, length of 

heating period, size of weighing dish, and size of 

sample. The standard ISO 11890-1 allows for different 

dish weights and sample sizes than the one size (58 

millimeters in diameter and sample size of 0.5 gram) of 

EPA Method 24. The standard ISO 11890-1 also allows 

for different oven temperatures and heating times 

depending on the type of coating, whereas EPA 

Method 24 requires 60 minutes heating at 110 degrees 

Celcius at all times. Because the EPA Method 24 test 

conditions and procedures define volatile matter, ISO 

11890-1 is unacceptable as an alternative because of 

its different test conditions.

ISO 11890-2 (2000) Part 2, Paints and Varnishes-

-Determination of Volatile Organic Compound 

ISO 11890-2 only measures the VOC added to the 

coating and would not measure any VOC generated 

from the curing of the coating. The EPA Method 24 
(VOC) Content-Gas Chromatographic Method does measure cure VOC, which can be significant in 

some cases, and, therefore, ISO 11890-2 is not an 

acceptable alternative to this EPA method.

Government Standard: EPA Method 26 – Hydrogen Chloride, Halides, Halogens 

Emissions [Incorporated: 1999] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

EN 1911-1,2,3 (1998), Stationary Source 

Emissions-- Manual Method of Determination of 

HCl--Part 1: Sampling of Gases Ratified European 

Text--Part 2: Gaseous Compounds Absorption 

Ratified European Text-- Part 3: Adsorption 

Solutions Analysis and Calculatio

Part 3 of this standard cannot be considered 

equivalent to EPA Method 26 or 26A because the 

sample absorbing solution (water) would be expected 

to capture both HCl and Cl2 gas, if present, without the 

ability to distinguish between the two. The EPA 

Methods 26 and 26A use an acidified absorbing 

solution to first separate HCl and Cl2 gas so that they 

can be selectively absorbed, analyzed, and reported 

separately. In addition, in EN 1911 the absorption 

efficiency for Cl2 gas would be expected to vary as the 

pH of the water changed during sampling.

Government Standard: EPA Method 26A – Hydrogen Halide and Halogen, Isokinetic [Incorporated: 

1999] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

EN 1911-1,2,3 (1998), Stationary Source 

Emissions-- Manual Method of Determination of 

HCl--Part 1: Sampling of Gases Ratified European 

Text--Part 2: Gaseous Compounds Absorption 

Ratified European Text-- Part 3: Adsorption 

Solutions Analysis and Calculatio

Part 3 of this standard cannot be considered 

equivalent to EPA Method 26 or 26A because the 

sample absorbing solution (water) would be expected 

to capture both HCl and Cl2 gas, if present, without the 

ability to distinguish between the two. The EPA 

Methods 26 and 26A use an acidified absorbing 

solution to first separate HCl and Cl2 gas so that they 

can be selectively absorbed, analyzed, and reported 

separately. In addition, in EN 1911 the absorption 

efficiency for Cl2 gas would be expected to vary as the 

pH of the water changed during sampling.

Government Standard: EPA Method 2C – Velocity and Flow Rate, Standard Pitot [Incorporated: 
1999] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASTM D3154-00, Standard Method for Average 

Velocity in a Duct (Pitot Tube Method)

1. The standard appears to lack in quality control and 

quality assurance requirements. It does not include the 

following: (1) Proof that openings of standard pitot 

tube have not plugged during the test; (2) if differential 

pressure gauges other than inclined manometers (e.g., 

magnehelic gauges) are used, their calibration must be 

checked after each test series; and (3) the frequency 

and validity range for calibration of the temperature 

sensors. 2. They are too general, too broad, or not 

sufficiently detailed to assure compliance with EPA 

regulatory requirements.

Government Standard: EPA Method 3 – Molecular Weight Carbon Dioxide, Oxygen [Incorporated: 

1999] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASME C00031 or PTC 19-10-1981--part 10, "Flue 

and Exhaust Gas Analyses"

Is too general, too broad, or not sufficiently detailed to 

assure compliance with EPA regulatory requirements.

ASTM D3154-00, Standard Method for Average 

Velocity in a Duct (Pitot Tube Method)

1. The standard appears to lack in quality control and

quality assurance requirements. It does not include the 

following: (1) Proof that openings of standard pitot 

tube have not plugged during the test; (2) if differential 

pressure gauges other than inclined manometers (e.g., 

magnehelic gauges) are used, their calibration must be 

checked after each test series; and (3) the frequency 

and validity range for calibration of the temperature 

sensors. 2. They are too general, too broad, or not 

sufficiently detailed to assure compliance with EPA 

regulatory requirements.

Government Standard: EPA Method 320 – Vapor Phase Organic and Inorganic Emissions, 

FTIR [Incorporated: 1999] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale
ASTM D6348-98, Determination of Gaseous 

Compounds by Extractive Direct Interface 

Fourier Transform (FTIR) Spectroscopy

Suggested revisions to ASTM D6348-98 were sent to 

ASTM by the EPA that, would allow the EPA to accept 

ASTM D6348-98 as an acceptable alternative. The 

ASTM Subcommittee D22-03 is currently undertaking a 

revision of ASTM D6348- 98. Because of this, we are 

not citing this standard as a acceptable alternative for 

EPA Method 320 in the final rule today. However, upon 

successful ASTM balloting and demonstration of 

technical equivalency with the EPA FTIR methods, the 

revised ASTM standard could be incorporated by 

reference for EPA regulatory applicability. In the 

interim, facilities have the option to request ASTM 

D6348-98 as an alternative test method under 40 CFR 

63.7(f) and 63.8(f) on a case-by-case basis.

Government Standard: EPA Method 3A – Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen Concentrations, 

IAP [Incorporated: 1999] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASTM D5835-95, Standard Practice for Sampling 

Stationary Source Emissions for Automated 

Determination of Gas Concentration

1. They lack in detail and quality assurance/quality 

control requirements. Specifically, these two standards 

do not include the following: (1) Sensitivity of the 

method; (2) acceptable levels of analyzer calibration 

error; (3) acceptable levels of sampling system bias; (4) 

zero drift and calibration drift limits, time span, and 

required testing frequency; (5) a method to test the 

interference response of the analyzer; (6) procedures 

to determine the minimum sampling time per run and 

minimum measurement time; and (7) specifications for 

data recorders, in terms of resolution (all types) and 

recording intervals (digital and analog recorders, only). 

2. Is too general, too broad, or not sufficiently detailed 

to assure compliance with EPA regulatory 

requirements.

CAN/CSA Z223.2-M86(1986), Method for the 

Continuous Measurement of Oxygen, Carbon 

Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Sulphur Dioxide, and 

Oxides of Nitrogen in Enclosed Combustion Flue 

Gas Stream

1. It does not include quantitative specifications for 

measurement system performance, most notably the 

calibration procedures and instrument performance 

characteristics. The instrument performance 

characteristics that are provided are nonmandatory 
and also do not provide the same level of quality 

assurance as the EPA methods. For example, the zero 

and span/calibration drift is only checked weekly, 

whereas the EPA methods requires drift checks after 

each run. 2. Is too general, too broad, or not 

sufficiently detailed to assure compliance with EPA 

regulatory requirements.

ISO 10396:1993, Stationary Source Emissions: 

Sampling for the Automated Determination of 

Gas Concentrations

1. They lack in detail and quality assurance/quality 

control requirements. Specifically, these two standards 

do not include the following: (1) Sensitivity of the 

method; (2) acceptable levels of analyzer calibration 

error; (3) acceptable levels of sampling system bias; (4) 

zero drift and calibration drift limits, time span, and 

required testing frequency; (5) a method to test the 

interference response of the analyzer; (6) procedures 

to determine the minimum sampling time per run and 

minimum measurement time; and (7) specifications for 

data recorders, in terms of resolution (all types) and 

recording intervals (digital and analog recorders, only). 

2. Is too general, too broad, or not sufficiently detailed 

to assure compliance with EPA regulatory 

requirements.

Government Standard: EPA Method 3B – Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Emission Rate 

Correction Factor [Incorporated: 1999] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASTM D3154-00, Standard Method for Average 

Velocity in a Duct (Pitot Tube Method)

1. The standard appears to lack in quality control and 

quality assurance requirements. It does not include the 

following: (1) Proof that openings of standard pitot 

tube have not plugged during the test; (2) if differential 

pressure gauges other than inclined manometers (e.g., 

magnehelic gauges) are used, their calibration must be 

checked after each test series; and (3) the frequency 

and validity range for calibration of the temperature 

sensors. 2. They are too general, too broad, or not 

sufficiently detailed to assure compliance with EPA 

regulatory requirements.
ASTM D3154-91 (1995), Standard Method for 

Average Velocity in a Duct (Pitot Tube Method)

Is too general, too broad, or not sufficiently detailed to 

assure compliance with EPA regulatory requirements.

Government Standard: EPA Method 4 – Moisture Content in Stack Gases [Incorporated: 1999] 

[Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASTM D3154-00, Standard Method for Average 

Velocity in a Duct (Pitot Tube Method)

1. The standard appears to lack in quality control and 

quality assurance requirements. It does not include the 

following: (1) Proof that openings of standard pitot 

tube have not plugged during the test; (2) if differential 

pressure gauges other than inclined manometers (e.g., 

magnehelic gauges) are used, their calibration must be 

checked after each test series; and (3) the frequency 

and validity range for calibration of the temperature 

sensors. 2. They are too general, too broad, or not 

sufficiently detailed to assure compliance with EPA 

regulatory requirements.

ASTM D3154-91 (1995), Standard Method for 

Average Velocity in a Duct (Pitot Tube Method)

Is too general, too broad, or not sufficiently detailed to 

assure compliance with EPA regulatory requirements.

ASTM E337-84 (1996), Standard Test Method for 

Measuring Humidity with a Psychrometer (the 

Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb 

Temperatures)

They are too general, too broad, or not sufficiently 

detailed to assure compliance with EPA regulatory 

requirements.

Government Standard: EPA Method 5 – Particulate Matter, Stationary Sources [Incorporated: 1999] 

[Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASME PTC-38-80 R85 or C00049, Determination 

of the Concentration of Particulate Matter in 

Gas Streams

It lacks sufficient quality assurance and quality control 

requirements necessary for EPA compliance assurance 

requirements.

ASTM D3685/D3685M-98, Test Methods for 

Sampling and Determination of Particulate 

Matter in Stack Gases

It lacks sufficient quality assurance and quality control 

requirements necessary for EPA compliance assurance 

requirements.
ISO 9096:1992, Determination of Concentration 

and Mass Flow Rate of Particulate Matter in Gas 

Carrying Ducts-- Manual Gravimetric Method

It lacks sufficient quality assurance and quality control 

requirements necessary for EPA compliance assurance 

requirements.

Government Standard: EPA Method 515.1 - Chlorinated Acids in Water by CC/ECD [Incorporated: 

1998] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

Standard Methods 6640B Standard Methods 6640B for acid herbicides was 

tentatively deemed impractical for EPA’s needs 

because its sample preparation and quality control 

procedures were not similar enough to EPA Method 

515.1 to ensure that there would not be 

underreporting of acid herbicide contamination. EPA 

plans to offer to work with the Standard Methods 

committee to resolve this issue prior to the next 

publication.

Government Standard: EPA Method 6 - Sulphur Dioxide Emissions [Incorporated: 1999] [Rescinded: 

2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASME C00031 or PTC 19-10-1981 - Part 10 Flue 

and Exhaust Gas Analyses 

Too broad to be useful in regulatory sense. Covers 

Methods 3, 6, 7, and 15 with variants. 

ISO 11632:1998 - Stationary Source Emissions -

Determination of the Mass Concentration of 

Sulfur Dioxide - Ion Chromatography

ISO 11632:1998 - Stationary Source Emissions -

Determination of the Mass Concentration of Sulfur 

Dioxide - Ion Chromatography

ISO 7934:1998 - Stationary Source Emissions -

Determination of the Mass Concentration of 

Sulfur Dioxide - Hydrogen Peroxide/Barium 

Perchlorate/ Thorin Method

This standard is only applicable to sources with 30 

mg/m3 SO2 or more. In addition, this method does not 

separate SO3 from SO2 as does EPA Method 6; 

therefore, this method is not valid if more than a 

negligible amount of SO3 is present. Also, does not 

address ammonia interferences.

Government Standard: EPA Method 6c - Sulpher Dioxide Emissions Stationary by IAP [Incorporated: 
1999] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASTM D5835-95 - Standard Practice for Sampling 

Stationary Source Emissions for Automated 

Determination of Gas Concentration

Similar to Methods 3a, 6c, 7e, 10, ALT 004, CTM 022. 

Lacks in detail and quality assurance and quality 

control requirements. Very similar to ISO 10396.

CAN/CSA Z223.2-M86 - (1986) Method for the 

Continuous Measurement of Oxygen, Carbon 

Doixide, Carbon Monoxide, Sulphur Dioxide, and 

Oxides of Nitrogen in Enclosed Combustion Flue 

Gas Streams

Too general. This standard lacks in detail and quality 

assurance/quality control requirements. Appendices 

with valid quality control information are not a 

required part of this method.

ISO 10396:1993 - Stationary Source Emissions: 

Sampling for the Automated Determination of 

Gas Concentrations 

Duplicates Method 3a, 6c, 7e, 10, ALT 004, CTM 022. 

Lacks in detail and quality assurance plus quality 

control requirements. Similar to ASTM D5835. 

Government Standard: EPA Method 7 - Nitrogen Oxide Emissions Stationary Sources [Incorporated: 

1999] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASME C00031 or PTC 19-10-1981 - Part 10 Flue 

and Exhaust Gas Analyses

Too broad to be useful in regulatory sense. Covers 

Methods 3, 6, 7, and 15 with variants.

Government Standard: EPA Method 7e - Nitrogen Oxide, Instrumental [Incorporated: 1999] 

[Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASTM D5835-95 - Standard Practice for Sampling 

Stationary Source Emissions for Automated 

Determination of Gas Concentration

Similar to Methods 3a, 6c, 7e, 10, ALT 004, CTM 022. 

Lacks in detail and quality assurance and quality 

control requirements. Very similar to ISO 10396.

CAN/CSA Z223.2-M86 - (1986) Method for the 

Continuous Measurement of Oxygen, Carbon 

Doixide, Carbon Monoxide, Sulphur Dioxide, and 

Oxides of Nitrogen in Enclosed Combustion Flue 

Gas Streams

Too general. This standard lacks in detail and quality 

assurance/quality control requirements. Appendices 

with valid quality control information are not a 

required part of this method.

ISO 10396:1993 - Stationary Source Emissions: Duplicates Method 3a, 6c, 7e, 10, ALT 004, CTM 022. 
Sampling for the Automated Determination of 

Gas Concentrations 

Lacks in detail and quality assurance plus quality 

control requirements. Similar to ASTM D5835. 

Government Standard: EPA Method GG – (Title not found in index) [Incorporated: 2003] [Rescinded: 

2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASTM D3031-81 – Method of Test for Total 

Sulfur in Natural Gas (Hyrogenation), Withdrawn

This method has been deleted from the final rule 

because it was discontinued by the ASTM in 1990 with 

no replacement. If the total sulfur content of the fuel 

being fired in the turbine is less than 0.4 weight 

percent, we are adding a provision that the following 

methods may be used to measure the sulfur content of 

the fuel: ASTM D4084-82 or 94, D5504-01, D6228-98, 

or the Gas Processors Association Method 2377-86. 

This provision is consistent with the provision in 40 CFR 

60.13(j)(1) allowing alternatives to reference method

tests to determine relative accuracy of CEMS for 

sources with emission rates demonstrated to be less 

than 50 percent of the applicable standard.

Government Standard: EPA Performance Specifications 11 - Particulate Matter Continuous 

Monitoring System [Incorporated: 1999] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ISO 10155:1995 - Stationary source emissions. 

Automated monitoring of mass concentration of 

particles - Performance characteristics, test 

methods and specifications.

This international standard is only applicable on a site 

specific basis by direct correlation with the manual 

method ISO 9096 (which does not produce particulate 

matter measurements like EPA Method 5). This 

appears to be a PM CEMS performance specification 

similar to EPA Performance Specification 11, but does 

not contain detailed RATA procedures. Also, EPA 

doesn’t have a final performance specification to 

compare this to.

Government Standard: GLI Method 2 [Incorporated: 1999] [Rescinded: 2007]
Voluntary Standard Rationale

ISO 7027 - Water Quality Determination of 

Turbidity

EPA has no data upon which to evaluate whether the 

separate 90 degrees scattered or transmitted light 

measurement evaluations according to the ISO 7027 

method would produce results that are equivalent to 

results produced by the other methods.

Government Standard: Standard Method 2130B [Incorporated: 1999] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ISO 7027 - Water Quality Determination of 

Turbidity

EPA has no data upon which to evaluate whether the 

separate 90 degrees scattered or transmitted light 

measurement evaluations according to the ISO 7027 

method would produce results that are equivalent to 

results produced by the other methods.

Agency: Government Printing Office (GPO)

Government Standard: FED-STD 209 [Incorporated: 2000] [Rescinded: 2005]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ISO 14644-1 & ISO 14644-2 Quality Assurance. Second ISO standard not issued 

until end of FY 2000. Being phased out.

Government Standard: Federal Information Standards Publication 201 (FISP 201) 

http://fips201ep.cio.gov/apl.php [Incorporated: 2010] [Rescinded: 2010]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

unknown To compete as a GSA approved supplier with graphical 

certification.

Government Standard: Government Paper Specifications Standards, QATAP and Microfilm 

Attributes [Incorporated: 2008] [Rescinded: 2008]
Voluntary Standard Rationale

none There are no voluntary standards

Government Standard: MIL-STD 105 [Incorporated: 2000] [Rescinded: 2005]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 Quality Assurance. Cited in small number of contracts 

due to editing errors. These are being corrected and 

phased out.

Government Standard: MIL-STD 1189 [Incorporated: 2000] [Rescinded: 2005]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ANSI/AIM X5-2 & ANSI X3.182 Quality Assurance. Cited in small number of contracts 

due to editing errors. These are being corrected and 

phased out.

Government Standard: MIL-STD 498 [Incorporated: 2000] [Rescinded: 2005]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

IEEE/EIA 12207.0, IEEE/EIA 12207.1, & IEEE/EIA 

12207.2

Quality Assurance. Cited in small number of contracts 

due to editing errors. These are being corrected and 

phased out.

Agency: General Services Administration (GSA)

Government Standard: Federal Specification A-A-1925 - Shield, Expansion (Nail 

Anchors) [Incorporated: 2000] [Rescinded: 2004]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASTM E488 - Standard Test Methods for 

Strength of Anchors in Concrete and Masonry 

This government-unique standard is prepared & 

maintained by the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA). 

Both the GSA & DLA contract for products that 
Elements reference A-A-1925. In order to maintain product 

continuity in the Federal marketplace, we must cite 

the standard as the DLA.

Government Standard: FF-L-2740 [Incorporated: 2000] [Rescinded: 2001]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

UL 768 These government specifications cover products used 

for the protection of national security information. The 

standards were developed after government review 

and testing determined that the commercial standards 

did not provide the required level of protection, or 

those commercial products that did provide the level 

of protection significantly exceeded the price of 

products meeting the government standards.

Agency: Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)

Government Standard: CDC/NIOSH use of 42CFR Part 84 in their mandated respirator certification 

program [Incorporated: 2007] [Rescinded: 2007]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

None. None available.

Government Standard: FDA Dosage Form and Route of Administration [Incorporated: 2006] 

[Rescinded: 2008]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

HL7 Dosage Form and Route of Administration FDA uses some government-unique standards such as 

'dosage form' and 'route of administration' in lieu of 

voluntary consensus standards. FDA had considered 

using HL7's 'dosage form' and 'route of administration' 

voluntary standards, but rejected such voluntary 

standards for several reasons, including (1) precoordination of disparate terms, (2) cumbersome and 
untimely terminology maintenance, and (3) 

inadequate terminology coding and versioning. The 

government-unique standards (developed by FDA and 

jointly maintained by FDA and NCI) for 'dosage form' 

and 'route of administration' adequately address all of 

these HL7 'deficiencies'. These particular governmentunique standards were chosen as a CHI standard and 

mandated throughout the federal government, which 

is yet another compelling reason why FDA chose to 

continue to use them.

Government Standard: FDA Guidelines on Asceptic Processing (1987) [Incorporated: 1997] 

[Rescinded: 2004]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ISO 13408-1 - Aseptic Processing of Health Care 

Products, Part 1, General Requirements

FDA/CBER is not using the ISO standard because the 

applicability of these requirements is limited to only 

portions of aseptically manufactured biologics and 

does not include filtration, freeze-drying, sterilization 

in place, cleaning in place, or barrier-isolator 

technology. There are also significant issues related to 

aseptically produced bulk drug substance that are not 

included in the document

Government Standard: FR Notice dated June 17, 1994 Tentative Final Monograph for Health Care 

Antiseptic Drug Products; Proposed Rule [Incorporated: 1997] [Rescinded: 2008]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ASTM Standard E1115 - Test Method for 

Evaluation of Surgical Hand Scrub Formulations

Sensitivity and bias of the ASTM Standard has not been 

established.

ASTM Standard E1173-93 - Standard Test 

Method of an Evaluation of Preoperative, 

precatheterization, or Preinjection Skin 

Preparations

Sensitivity and bias of the ASTM Standard has not been 

established.

ASTM Standard E1174-00 - Standard Test 

method for the Evaluation of the Effectiveness 

of Health Care Personnel or Consumer 

Sensitivity and bias of the ASTM Standard has not been 

established.
Handwash Formulations

Government Standard: Government eligibility inquiry and response standards [Incorporated: 2006] 

[Rescinded: 2008]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

X12 270/271 standards Pending completion of a system to support real-time 

use of the X12 270/271, CMS has permitted providers 

and our contractors to continue to use government 

eligibility inquiry and response standards. Use of these 

GUSs is not in lieu of, but in addition to the X12 

270/271 standards to avoid industry disruption prior to 

full transition to use of the HIPAA X12 270/271 

standards with Medicare via the Internet and an 

Intranet. 

Government Standard: National Standard Format [Incorporated: 1997] [Rescinded: 2004]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

ANSI X12 837 The NSF is used widely across the health care payment 

industry and has become a defacto national standard. 

However, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid 

Services (CMS) have directed their contractors to 

discontinue use of the NSF standard and replace it with 

ANSI X12 837 by the beginning of FY 2003.

Agency: Department of Agriculture (USDA)

Government Standard: Name: WILDLAND FIRE FOAM Number: USDA Forest Service Specification 

5100-307; July, 2000 Title: International Specification for Fire Suppressant Foam for Wild land Fires, 

Aircraft or Ground Application) [Incorporated: 2005] [Rescinded: 2010]

Voluntary Standard Rationale

NFPA 1150 - Standard on Fire-Fighting Foam 

Chemicals for Class A Fuels in Rural, Suburban, 

Foam fire suppressants contain foaming and wetting 

agents. The foaming agents affect the accuracy of an 
and Vegetated Areas. aerial drop, how fast the water drains from the foam 

and how well the product clings to the fuel surfaces. 

The wetting agents increase the ability of the drained 

water to penetrate fuels. Foam fire suppressants are 

supplied as wet concentrates. 

This standard was developed with international 

cooperation for Class A Foam used in wildland fire 

suppression situations and equipment. Standard 

created by the USDA Forest Service in cooperation 

with the Department of Interior (DOI), the State of 

California, Department of Forestry and Fire Protection 

and the Canadian Interagency Forest Fire Center. 

The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) does 

have a standard for Class A Foam, (NFPA 1150 -

Standard on Fire-Fighting Foam Chemicals for Class A 

Fuels in Rural, Suburban, and Vegetated Areas). The 

Forest Service has not chosen to utilize NFPA 1150 as it 

is designed specifically for application by municipal fire 

agencies in the wildland-urban interface, utilizing 

apparatus and situations that they are likely to 

encounter. The Forest Service’s GUS for foam products 

is specific to use by wildland fire equipment and 

situations that are unique, e.g. helicopter use of foams, 

remote storage situations, and varied quality of water 

sources in the wildland settings. The agency feels this 

standard more accurately reflects the needs and 

mission of the federal wildland fire suppression 

agencies.