2015 EPO No. 25

Loading Rack Meters (Rev 09/14) DRAFT Page 1 of 15

NIST Examination Procedure Outline

Loading-Rack Meters

It is recommended that this outline be followed as minimum criteria for examining loading-rack meters used to 

measure petroleum products sold at wholesale. The outline may be applied to devices with or without Automatic 

Temperature Compensating Systems. Non-retroactive and retroactive requirements are followed by the applicable 

date in parentheses.

SAFETY NOTES

When excerpting this Examination Procedure Outline for duplication, the "Safety Considerations" section and 

the "Glossary of Safety Key Phrases" should be duplicated and included with the outline. 

Safety policies and regulations vary among jurisdictions. It is essential that inspectors or servicepersons be 

aware of all safety regulations and policies in place at the inspection site and to practice their employer’s safety 

policies. The safety reminders included in this EPO contain general guidelines useful in alerting inspectors and 

servicepersons to the importance of taking adequate precautions to avoid personal injury. These guidelines can 

only be effective in improving safety when coupled with training in hazard recognition and control

The inspector is reminded of the importance of evaluating potential safety hazards prior to an inspection and taking 

adequate precautions to avoid personal injury or damage to the device. The inspector should read and be familiar 

with the introductory section on safety “Safety Considerations” found at the beginning of this publication. As a 

minimum, the following safety precautions should be noted and followed during the inspection. Definitions of each 

reminder are found in the "Glossary of Safety Key Phrases" at the back of this publication.

Clothing

Electrical Hazards

Emergency Procedures

Eye Protection

Fire Extinguisher

First Aid Kit

Grounding

Ignition Sources

Lifting

Location

also:Wet/Slick Conditions

Chemicals, Petroleum Products, and 

Hazardous Materials

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Nature of Product

Personal Protection Equipment

e.g.,

Safety Shoes, Safety Aprons, Respirators, 

Gloves, Barrier Cream, etc., if deemed 

necessary. 

Hard Hat -- for protection from overhang in 

rear of vehicle tank truck

Safety Cones/Warning Signs

Static Discharge

Support -- for prover

Switch Loading

Obstructions and Overhead Hazards
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Safety First !!!

Check the inspection site carefully for safety hazards and take appropriate 

precautions.

Check to be certain that the ground surface of the inspection site is sufficiently 

strong and rigid to support the prover when it is filled with product -- don't forget to 

chock the wheels of the prover.

Learn the nature of hazardous products used at or near the inspection site--obtain 

and read copies of MSDS's.

Know emergency procedures and location and operation of fire extinguishers and 

emergency shut-offs.

Post safety cones/warning signs and be aware of vehicular and pedestrian traffic 

patterns.

Use caution moving around in wet, slippery areas and in climbing on prover, storage 

tanks, and vehicles.

Use personal protection equipment and clothing appropriate for the inspection site.

Be sure that a first aid kit is available and that the kit is appropriate for the type of 

inspection activity.

H-44 General Code 

and Liquid Measuring 

Devices Code 

References

Pretest Determinations:

1. Prover must have valid calibration certificate and security seals must be intact on 

sight gauge.

2. Prover capacity must be sufficient to hold the amount of product that would be 

delivered by the meter to be tested during 1 minute of flow at its maximum discharge 

rate and in no case be less than 200 liters (50 gallons).................................................... N.3.5.

3. Prover and system design must be compatible (top loading/bottom loading).

4. Thermometers are to be accurate to within:

a. ± 0.5 °C, have a range of at least 0 °C to 50 °C, and be divided in increments of 

no greater than 0.5 °C for liquid-in-glass thermometers and 0.1 °C for digital 

thermometers or 

b. ± 1 °F, have a range of at least 0 °F to 120 °F, and be divided in increments of 

no greater than 1 °F for liquid-in-glass thermometers and 0.1 °F for digital 

thermometers.

Thermometers may be of the partial immersion or digital type.

(See NIST HB 105-6 for additional information)
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Pretest Determinations (cont.):

5. Inspect prover's interior surface for dents, product clingage, rust, water, or other 

foreign material.

6. Prover sight glass must be clean and fittings must not leak.

7. Available test fluid must be of the same general physical characteristics as that of the 

liquid to be commercially measured by the device. N.1.1., N.1.2.

8. For top loading provers, the prover inlet must be lower than the outlet of the meter 

discharge line.

9. Determine applicable tolerance values:

Applicable requirements

Basic values

a. On normal tests:

Acceptance tolerance –Asphalt meters > 50 °C

Acceptance tolerance – Other products 

Maintenance tolerance

b. Special tests tolerance

G-T., T.1.

T.2.

0.3 percent

0.2 percent

0.3 percent

0.5 percent

Inspection:

1. Indicating and recording elements.

Design:

Device must be equipped with indicating elements and MAY be 

equipped with a recording element.

Units:

Units are to be in terms of liters, gallons, quarts, pints, fluid ounces, or 

binary-sub-multiples or decimal subdivisions of the liter or gallon. 

Readability:

Indicating and recording elements must be clear, definite, and easily 

read.

Required markings shall be distinct, easily readable, and of a 

permanent nature

S.1.1.

S.1.2., S.1.2.3.(b)

G-S.5., S.1.4., S.1.5.

G-S.6. (1/1/77), G-S.7.
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Inspection (cont.):

1. Indicating and recording elements. (continued)

Values of intervals:

Values of the graduated intervals must be uniform throughout the series 

of indicating elements or, if equipped, recording elements.......................

For devices indicating or recording in more than one unit, the values 

must be appropriately identified................................................................

Advancement and return to zero: ............................................................................

Indicating and recording elements may only be advanced to zero by the 

mechanical operation of the device, UNLESS:

a. Advancement cannot be stopped until zero is reached, OR 

b. The indicating elements are automatically obscured until the elements 

reach a correct zero position.

Travel of Indicator

Device shall be readily operable to deliver accurately any quantity from 

200 L (50 gal) to the capacity of the device. If the most sensitive 

element utilizes an indicator and graduations, their relative movement 

corresponding to a delivery of 4 L (1 gal) shall be not less than 5 mm 

(0.20 in). .....................................................................................................

Provision for sealing:

Provision must be made for sealing electronic adjustable components......

For multiple measuring elements with a single provision for sealing, a 

change to the adjustment of any measuring element must be individually 

identified.....................................................................................................

A security seal must be affixed to any adjustment mechanism designed to 

be sealed. ....................................................................................................

Recording elements, General. ...............................................................................

G-S.5.3.

G-S.5.1.3.

S.1.3.

S.1.7.1.

G-S.8. (1/1/90), S.2.2., 

Table S.2.2. (1/1/95)

G.S.8.1. (1/1/10)

G-UR.4.5.

G-S.5.6.
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Inspection (cont.):

2. Measuring elements.

Determine that system has an effective vapor or air eliminator (or other

automatic means for preventing the passage of vapor and air through the meter)

and that vent lines are suitably rigid........................................................................

Verify that means are provided for determination of product temperature

- for devices without automatic temperature compensating systems.......................

- for devices with automatic temperature compensating systems............................

Determine that provision is made for applying security seals to the meter and to 

the automatic temperature compensating system, and that security seals are intact 

on both.....................................................................................................................

S.2.1.

S.2.6. (1/1/85)

S.2.7.4.

G-UR.4.5., S.2.2., 

S.2.7.3.

3. Marking.

Device is clearly and permanently marked for the purpose of identification. .........

All switches, lights, displays, pushbuttons, and other operational controls and 

features must be clearly and definitely identified....................................................

The limitation on a device's use shall be clearly and permanently marked on any 

device intended to measure accurately:...................................................................

a. only products having particular properties,

b. only under specific installation conditions, or

c. only when used in conjunction with specific accessory equipment.

Designed minimum and maximum discharge rates must be clearly and 

permanently marked on meter. Minimum discharge rate shall not exceed 20 

percent of the maximum discharge rate...................................................................

For devices equipped with temperature compensation, the primary indicating 

elements, recording elements, and recorded representations shall be clearly and 

conspicuously marked to show that the volume has been adjusted to the volume 

at 15 °C (60 °F) .......................................................................................................

G-S.1., G-S.1.1., 

G-S.1.2.

G-S.6. (1/1/77)

S.4.1.

S.4.3.1.

S.4.3.2.
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Inspection (cont.):

4. Installation.

Device must be readily accessible for purposes of testing. Assistance shall be 

provided by the firm if needed.......................................................................................

Examine discharge line and valves to insure that measured liquid cannot be diverted 

from the measuring chamber or discharge line and that any directional flow valves 

are automatic in operation. ...........................................................................................

No leaks should exist in the system on the outlet side of the meter. .............................

G-UR.2.3., G-UR.4.4

S.2.3., S.3.1., S.3.2.

G-UR.4.1., S.3.1.

Note: If leaks are detected on the inlet side of the meter, a notation should be made 

on the inspection report and the firm should be made aware of the location of the 

leak for purposes of safety.

Examine the system and any associated equipment to insure that the assembly, 

installation, and construction do not facilitate fraud......................................................

The details of the installation must be proper and must not adversely affect system 

performance. The actual maximum discharge rate must not exceed that specified by 

the manufacturer. ...........................................................................................................

The device shall be installed so that there is no obstruction between a primary 

indicating element or recording element and the measuring element. Otherwise, 

there shall be convenient and permanently installed means for direct oral or visual 

communication between an individual located at the primary element and an 

individual located at the measuring element..................................................................

A device or system equipped with a primary indicating element and used in direct 

sales shall be positioned so that its indications may be accurately read and the 

measuring operation may be observed from some reasonable “customer” and 

“operator” position. The positioning shall be determined on a case-by-case basis, 

considering the individual circumstances, including the size and character of the 

indicating element..........................................................................................................

G-S.2.

G-UR.2.1., UR.2.1.,

UR.2.2.

G-UR.2.2.

G-UR.3.3.

5. Selection and use.

Device must be suitable for the service in which it is used with respect to the 

elements of design, including flow rate, computing capability, the details of its 

indicating and recording elements, and the value of its smallest unit and unit prices. 

Device must also be suitable for use in the environment in which it is installed...........

Device and any associated equipment are to be operated and maintained as intended 

by the manufacturer.......................................................................................................

G-UR.1.1., G-UR.1.2

G-UR.3.1., G-UR.4.1.
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Inspection (cont.):

If a device is equipped with a mechanical automatic temperature compensator, it 

shall be connected, operable, and in use at all times......................................................

UR.3.6.1.1.

6. Devices equipped with automatic temperature compensating systems.

Provision must be made to deactivate the automatic temperature compensating 

system so that the meter may indicate and record, if equipped to record, in terms of 

the uncompensated volume............................................................................................

Thermometer well must be provided for determination of the temperature of the 

liquid

S.2.7.2.

S.2.7.4.

Primary indicating and recording elements on devices equipped with automatic 

temperature compensating systems shall be marked to show that the volume 

delivered has been adjusted to 15 °C (60 °F)................................................................. S.4.3.2.

Wear appropriate personal protection equipment such as petroleumresistant, non-skid safety shoes (to prevent possible injury from spills 

or slipping on slick surfaces), protective clothing, eye protection (to 

prevent injury from splashed product), and a hard hat (to prevent 

injury from overhangs and projections on vehicle tank truck).

Use proper grounding procedures!

Device operator should be present at all times during testing.

Test Notes:

1. Check for the proper operation of the level indicators on the prover and level the prover.

2. Connect safety interlock and ground cable. If applicable, connect the vapor recovery 

hose.

3. Verify that all valves in the proving system are closed and that the prover pumping 

mechanism is functional.

4. Note the totalizer reading. Totalizer should be checked before and after each draft to 

determine its proper operation.
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Test Notes (cont.):

5. Care should be exercised to insure that the temperature difference between product in 

the prover and in the meter is small. .................................................................................. N.2.

6. For top-loading provers, take precautions to minimize splashing and to maintain the 

spout fill in a consistent position.

7. Examine printed tickets and invoices:

a. Print a ticket after each test draft, if device is so equipped......................................

b. For devices of the computing type:

1) Check price computations on indicator and on printed indications.................

2) The total price, the total volume of the delivery, and the price per liter or 

gallon shall be shown, either printed by the device or in clear hand script, on 

any printed ticket issued by a device and containing any one of these values.

c. Check that all indicated and recorded values for proper comparability...................

d. For systems equipped with automatic temperature compensation, check invoices 

to determine if:

1) deliveries which are adjusted to 15 °C or 60 °F show that the volume has 

been adjusted to 15 °C or 60°F........................................................................

2) in the case of an electronic wholesale device equipped with an automatic 

temperature compensating system, the API gravity, specific gravity, or 

coefficient of expansion; product temperature; and gross reading are also 

indicated. .........................................................................................................

e. For nonautomatic temperature compensation: ........................................................

1) the volume of the product delivered is adjusted to the volume at 15 °C or 

60 °F, verify that the product temperature is taken during delivery in:

-the liquid chamber of the meter;

-the meter inlet or discharge line adjacent to the meter, or

-the compartment of the receiving vehicle at the time it is loaded.

The accompanying invoice for these systems shall indicate that the product has 

been adjusted to a volume at 15 °C or 60 °F and shall state the product 

temperature used in making the adjustment. ..........................................................

f. In addition to tickets printed during inspection and testing, several examples of 

actual used tickets are to be examined. This serves to verify the format of and 

information on actual printed tickets.

g. Verify that any options for obtaining a recorded representation are appropriate. 

The customer may be given the option of not receiving the recorded 

representation. If the system is equipped with the capability, the customer may 

also be given the option of receiving the recorded representation electronically in 

lieu of or in addition to a hard copy. ........................................................................

G-S.5.6.

S.1.7.2.

UR.3.4.

G-S.5.2.2.

S.4.3.2.,UR.3.6.1.2.(a)

UR.3.6.1.2.(b)

UR.3.6.2.1

UR.3.6.2.2.

G-S.5.6.

Test Notes (cont.):
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8. Period of Use for Temperature Compensation 

.

When fuel is bought or sold based on temperature-compensated volume, it shall be bought 

or sold on this basis over at least a 12-month consecutive period, unless otherwise 

agreed to in writing by both the buyer and seller.

UR.3.6.3.

9. Prover readings are to be determined by reading the bottom of the meniscus for 

transparent liquids, and the top of the meniscus for opaque liquids.

10. When monitoring drainage of the prover, one of the following methods should be 

followed depending on prover design. Precautions should be taken to insure that 

drainage procedure is followed in a consistent manner for each test.

a. If the prover has a lower neck equipped with a drain sight glass, close the drain 

valve prior to the liquid level reaching the zero mark indicator. After 30 

seconds drain time, open the small drain-off valve and lower the liquid level to 

the zero mark. (Do not adjust the liquid level again, even if continued 

drainage raises the liquid level above the zero mark before the test is started.)

b. If the prover is not equipped with a lower sight glass, leave the drain valve 

open until continuous flow ceases and dripping commences. Close drain valve 

after 30 seconds.

11. Temperature readings are to be taken to the nearest 0.25 °C or 0.5 °F or for digital 

thermometers, to the nearest increment. Take the temperature of the test liquid in the 

prover immediately following each accuracy test. For provers equipped with more 

than one thermometer, the temperature of the test liquid is the mathematical average 

of the individual readings.

A thermometer placed in the thermowell adjacent to the meter is to be used to 

determine meter temperature. Meter temperature is to be taken at 1/3 and 2/3 prover 

capacity during each delivery and averaged.

12. Automatic-stop-mechanism must stop flow within one-half the minimum interval 

indicated

.

S.2.4.
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Test Procedure:

Use proper lifting techniques to lift and move equipment!

Be aware of and attempt to eliminate potential ignition sources 

in or near the inspection site.

Be aware of vehicular and pedestrian traffic in the area.

1. Wet prover.

2. Empty prover. Allow a 30-second drain period each time the prover is emptied, using 

one of the methods outlined in the Test Notes. The amount of time between wetting the 

prover and the first test draft should be minimal.

3. Insert a meter ticket and set preset stop mechanism for the rated capacity of the prover.

Reset the meter to zero.

4. Start the pump, then open the prover delivery valve.

− If any test result is close to or outside of applicable tolerance, then repeat the test.

− If two consecutive tests are found to exceed applicable tolerance values, discontinue 

accuracy test and proceed to next portion of EPO.

For Repair Personnel:

Three consecutive test runs should be performed to insure repeatability. The 

difference between the high and low readings of these three consecutive runs should 

not exceed 0.05 percent of the prover's certified volume.

If test results exceed applicable tolerance values, the meter should be adjusted at this 

point. Repair personnel should follow company policy regarding adjustment of 

meter; for meters equipped with a temperature compensator, it may be necessary to 

first deactivate the temperature compensator prior to making any adjustment.

A check for the performance of the temperature sensor should be performed at the 

end of each accuracy test. Utilize the section at the end of each worksheet to analyze 

the performance of the sensor. Should a variation of 1 °C or 2°F exist for two 

consecutive runs, the normal operating thermometer must be recalibrated against a 

National Institute of Standards and Technology traceable thermometer.

Test Procedure (cont.):
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5. Accuracy Tests

a. Nontemperature-compensated meters.

Temperature corrections are to be made for accuracy tests to account for any 

difference between the temperature of the liquid passing through the meter and the 

liquid in the prover. ........................................................................................................

1) Normal test--full flow. ...............................................................................................

a) Fill prover in a manner simulating actual use and determine actual flow rate. 

Test should be run at the maximum discharge rate anticipated under the 

conditions of the installation. Actual rate of flow should be within 

manufacturer's ratings of minimum and maximum flow. . ................................

b) Verify that all valves are closed and that prover remains level. Examine 

prover piping to insure that there is no entrapment of air and that there are no 

leaks.

c) Disconnect the bottom loading coupler or remove the loading spout from the 

liquid.

d) Allow time for product settling and foam dissipation prior to taking prover 

reading.

e) Read the thermometers as described in Test Notes, and record the reading to 

the nearest 0.25 °C or 0.5 °F.

N.5.

N.4.1., N.4.1.1., N.4.1.2, 

T.2., Table T.2., T.3.

G-UR.3.1., UR.2.2.

f. For an analog device, record ending meter reading to the nearest 0.1 gallon. 

For a digital-indicating device, record the meter indication to the smallest 

quantity division available, e.g., test mode indication. Check totalizer against

actual amount dispensed.

g) Disconnect vapor recovery hose and then drain prover. .....................................

h) Use appropriate worksheet to determine meter error.

2) Special test--slow flow...............................................................................................

a) Reconnect vapor recovery hose, if applicable.

b) Fill prover at or slightly above the slower of

-the minimum discharge rate marked on the device; or

-20% of the minimum discharge rate marked on the device.

In no case shall the test be performed at a flow rate less than the minimum 

discharge rate marked on the device.

c) Repeat steps (b) through (h) of part 5.a.(1) above.

N.4.4., N.4.4.2

N.4.2., N.4.2.4., T.2., 

Table T.2.

Test Procedure (cont.):
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b. Temperature compensated meters.

For meters that indicate in "net" gallons. With temperature compensator activated:

1) Normal test--full flow (do not deactivate temperature compensating system)...........

a) Fill prover as described in part 5.a.(1) above.

b) Obtain temperature of product at meter at 1/3 and 2/3 prover capacity. 

Determine the average.

c) Follow remaining steps in part 5.a.(1) above, using the worksheet for 

compensated meters to determine meter error.

Deactivate temperature compensator:

2) Normal test--full flow................................................................................................

Follow testing procedure described in part 5.a. (1) above for normal test, 

uncompensated meters, determine meter error using worksheet for uncompensated 

meters.

3) Special test--slow flow...............................................................................................

Follow testing procedure described in part 5.a.(2) above for special test, 

uncompensated meters. Determine meter error using worksheet for 

uncompensated meters.

Reactivate temperature compensator.

N.4.1., N.4.1.1., 

N.4.1.2., T.2., Table 

T.2., T.3.

N.4.1., N.4.1.1., 

N.4.1.2., T.2., Table 

T.2., T.3., T.4. (1/1/88)

N.4.2., N.4.2.4., T.2., 

Table T.2.

c. Temperature compensated meters.

For meters that indicate or record in "gross" gallons (uncompensated) and "net" 

gallons (compensated).

1) Accuracy of "gross" gallons is to be determined following the test procedure for 

non-temperature compensated meters in part 5.a.(1) and (2) above to perform 

both normal and special tests.

2) Accuracy of "net" gallons is to be determined as follows:

a) For each normal test run in part 5.c.(1) above, obtain the temperature of 

product at meter at 1/3 and 2/3 capacity of prover and determine the 

average.
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Test Procedure (cont.):

b) Follow remaining steps in 5.a.(1) using the worksheet for compensated 

meters to determine the error.

6. For automatic temperature compensating systems. The difference between the meter 

error for tests performed with and without the automatic temperature compensating 

system activated shall not exceed 0.2 percent for mechanical ATCS and 0.1 percent for 

electronic ATCS of the test draft. The results of each test shall be within applicable 

tolerances.

For systems that indicate or record in both “gross” (uncompensated) and 

“net”(compensated) quantities, it is not necessary to run multiple tests. “Compensated” 

and “Uncompensated” test results can be calculated from a single test draft using the 

“gross” and “net” indications along with observed temperature information. ....................

T.4.

Tests: All Meters

1. For a wet-hose system, check the effectiveness of the anti-drain valve. ......................... S.3.7.

2. For a dry-hose system, check for complete drainage of the hose. ................................... S.3.4.

3. Radio Frequency Interference (RFI)/Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) (only if a 

problem is suspected). Test using only equipment on site in the vicinity of the 

metering system, perform a test for radio frequency/electromagnetic interference. 

Results of this test must indicate that use of such equipment does not adversely affect 

performance of the metering system................................................................................ G-N.2., G-UR.1.2., 

G-UR.3.2., G-UR.4.2.
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Post-Test Tasks:

1. Security Means.

Check for the presence of security seals on the device. Document missing seals on the 

official report and apply new ones as needed.................................................................. G-UR.4.5.

Adequate provision shall be made for applying a physical security seal or providing 

for other approved means of security. ............................................................................. G-S.8., S.2.2.,

Table S.2.2. (1/1/95)

Audit Trail Information. If the system is equipped with an audit trail, note the event 

counter settings on the report form for future reference. If equipped with an event 

logger, print a copy of the event log and attach it to the report form for future 

reference.

G-S.8., S.2.2., Table 

S.2.2. (1/1/95)

2. Following completion of a successful examination, attach a label or tag indicating the 

type of liquid used during the test. ................................................................................. N.1.2.

3. After all equipment at a location has been tested, review results to determine 

compliance with equipment maintenance and use of adjustments. ................................. G-UR.4.1., G-UR.4.3.

4. Record the compliance action and disposition of the device on the report and explain 

the results to the device owner.

Use extreme caution when switch-loading product!

Test devices metering low-vapor pressure products (e.g., diesel 

fuel and kerosene) before testing devices metering high-vapor 

pressure products (e.g., gasoline and ethanol blends up to E85) 

with the same test measure or prover. Additional precautions 

may be necessary with other high-vapor pressure products.

Take precautions to isolate equipment when transporting it to 

avoid exposure to hazardous fumes.