President’s FY 2009 Budget Request for

the National Institute of Standards and TechnAdvancing Innovation for Economic Growth,Safety & SecurityDr. James M. TurnerActing Director
A Call to Action . . . A Call to Action . . .

America COMPETES Act America COMPETES Act 

(P.L.110 (P.L.110-69)

 A comprehensive strategy to keep A comprehensive strategy to keep 

America the most innovative America the most innovative nation in the world nation in the world

 Authorizes American Authorizes American 

Competitiveness Initiative (ACI) Competitiveness Initiative (ACI)-related programs at NIST, NSF, related programs at NIST, NSF, and DOE and DOE

 ACI highlighted in the President ACI highlighted in the President’s 

State of the Union address State of the Union address

 First NIST authorization bill First NIST authorization bill 

enacted in 12 years, the Act enacted in 12 years, the Act authorizes substantial increases authorizes substantial increases in funding for basic research in in funding for basic research in physical sciences physical sciences — NIST, DOE, NIST, DOE, 

NSF

“The 

to com

ideas 

comp

come

ed

Craig 
NIST infrastructure paves the way to innovation infrastructure paves the way to innovationThe equivalent of research “roads and bridges” tscientific communities need to develop and comtechnologies 

 Groundbretools that enafields — quananotechnolobioscience Better mea

methods to e

 Performan

accurate teccomparisons

 Standards 

in trade
The result: a broad impact on The result: a broad impact on everyday life everyday life

 Advancing manufacturing and services Helping ensure fair trade Improving public safety and security Improving quality of life
ACI , America COMPETES America COMPETES 

– NIST has a majo

NIST has a majo

 FY 2008, NIST Laboratory FY 2008, NIST Laboratory 

funding cut in real dollars funding cut in real dollars

 $13.5 million short of the $13.5 million short of the 

amount needed to cover amount needed to cover salary increases and salary increases and other anticipated costs other anticipated costs

 Can’t fund planned t fund planned 

projects involving an projects involving an additional 300 experts in additional 300 experts in hot R&D areas needed to hot R&D areas needed to jump start innovation jump start innovation efforts efforts

 Need to get back on the Need to get back on the 

ACI doubling track ACI doubling track

 NIST core research and facilities funding is critical to U.S. 

NIST core research and facilities funding is critical to U.S. 

 Both ACI and the America COMPETES Act call for substa

Both ACI and the America COMPETES Act call for substa

increased funding of NIST core research and facilities increased funding of NIST core research and facilities

 Increases provided in FY 2007 allowed projects to start in 

Increases provided in FY 2007 allowed projects to start in 

neutron research, quantum science, need to sustain mom

450500550600650700

2006

2007

2

Fiscal 

Millions of 2008 dollars Requested Appropriated* 

NIST STRS & CRFin 2008 Dollars
Getting Back on the Doubling Track Getting Back on the Doubling Track—FY 2009 R

FY 2009 R

$183.8 $154.8 Industrial Technology Industrial Technology Services Services

$673.6*/** Total NIST Total NIST $676.9

(MEP+ATP) (MEP+ATP) (MEP+TIP

(MEP+TIP

$518.8*/** $493.1

$ 79.2** Construction of Research Construction of Research 

$ 58.7 Facilities Facilities 

(without directed projects & (without directed projects & construction grants) construction grants)

$439.6* $434.4 Scientific & Technical Scientific & Technical Research & Services Research & Services 

(without directed grants) (without directed grants)

FY 2008 FY 2008 

Enacted Enacted

FY 2007 FY 2007

Enacted Enacted

NIST Core NIST Core

∆ (08

-09) = 

* Does not include $0.9 million for a congressionally directed project

** Does not include $81.3 million for congressionally directed projects and comp

(in millions of dol

(in millions of dol
Budget Request for MEP and Technology Innova

President President’s FY 2009 budget proposes an end to feder

s FY 2009 budget proposes an end to feder

Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership Pro

Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership Pro

Technology Innovation Program (TIP) Technology Innovation Program (TIP)

 Very difficult decisions based on the need to fund 

during tough budget times

 FY 2009 request provides $4M for federal MEP sh No TIP funding requested for FY 2009 TIP phase out costs would be funded from carryov

2008
FY 2009 President FY 2009 President’s Budget Request Increases fo

s Budget Request Increases f

Includes three major areas of high priority national ne

Includes three major areas of high priority national ne

17 NIST research and facilities initiative programs

17 NIST research and facilities initiative programs

 Addressing urgent environment, safety, and security n

Addressing urgent environment, safety, and security n

 Investing in strategic and rapidly advancing technolog

Investing in strategic and rapidly advancing technolog

 Boosting U.S. science/engineering capacity and capa

Boosting U.S. science/engineering capacity and capa
FY 2009 President FY 2009 President’s Budget Request Increases fo

s Budget Request Increases f

New initiatives are in blue italics New initiatives are in blue italics

Addressing urgent environment, safety, and security need

Addressing urgent environment, safety, and security need

 Nanotechnology: Environment, Health & Safety Infrastructure Climate Change Science: Measurements and Standards National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program Disaster Resilient Structures and Communities  Biometrics: Identifying Friend or FoeInvesting in strategic and rapidly advancing technologies 

Investing in strategic and rapidly advancing technologies 

 Bioscience Measurements & Standards Quantum Information Science Nanotechnology: Discovery to Manufacture  Innovations in Measurement Science Comprehensive National Cyber Security Initiative: Leap Ahead Techn Optical Communications and Computing Enabling the Use of Hydrogen as a Fuel Manufacturing Innovation through Supply Chain IntegrationBoosting U.S. science/engineering capacity and capability 

Boosting U.S. science/engineering capacity and capabilit

 NIST Center for Neutron Research (NCNR) Capacity and Capability* Boulder Building 1 Extension: 21st Century Tools JILA Building Expansion: Pushing the Scientific Frontier Safety, Capacity, Maintenance and Major Repairs

* added in FY 2009 to a previously funded initiative
Addressing urgent environment, safety, and security needs

Nanotechnology: Environment, Health & Safety (

Nanotechnology: Environment, Health & Safety (

Environmental, health & safety of Environmental, health & safety of nanotechnology nanotechnology—Very little known Very little known

 Hundreds of products already contain Hundreds of products already contain 

nanoscale components nanoscale components

 Regulatory agencies lack basic Regulatory agencies lack basic 

scientific information to assess and scientific information to assess and address risks address risks

 Industry concerned about liability Industry concerned about liability

Funding increase will allow: Funding increase will allow:

 Development of accurate Development of accurate 

measurement and detection methods measurement and detection methods

 Industry to exploit the tremendous Industry to exploit the tremendous 

economic potential of nanotech safely economic potential of nanotech safely

 Consumers to retain confidence in Consumers to retain confidence in 

nanotech products nanotech products

“ NIST is ideally positioned to lead the 

development of characterization methods and standards, building on extensive expertise and experience in this area [of nano-EHS].” –Woodrow Wilson International Center (2006)

A carbon the hair o
Addressing urgent environment, safety, and security needs

Climate Change Science: Measurements and Sta

Climate Change Science: Measurements and Sta

Measurements are critical to predicting climate Measurements are critical to predicting climate 

change

Interagency Strategic Plan Interagency Strategic Plan—2 critical gaps 2 critical gaps

 Discrepancies in measuring solar intensity Discrepancies in measuring solar intensity Quantitative info on interplay of aerosols Quantitative info on interplay of aerosols 

and sunlight and sunlight

Initiative will help climate modelers by: Initiative will help climate modelers by:

 Standardizing calibrations to reduce Standardizing calibrations to reduce 

uncertainties in international data uncertainties in international data comparisons comparisons

 Providing new measurement methods and Providing new measurement methods and 

a properties database for aerosols a properties database for aerosols Acc

lighscipre

Global climate change policies potentially have large impacts on the economy. NIST can help policy makers by providing the best measurement methods and data possible for climate change science.
Addressing urgent environment, safety, and security needs

National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program 

National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program 

Earthquakes strike without warning Earthquakes strike without warning 

and can do devastating damage and can do devastating damage

 75 million people in urban areas at 75 million people in urban areas at 

moderate to high risk moderate to high risk

 Economic value alone in these Economic value alone in these 

regions close to $8.6 trillion regions close to $8.6 trillion

 Single major event can cost Single major event can cost 

$100 billion $100 billion – $200 billion $200 billion

Initiative will produce Initiative will produce

 Updated model building codes and Updated model building codes and 

standards standards

 Tools for evaluating seismic Tools for evaluating seismic 

strength of new and existing strength of new and existing buildings buildings

 Technical resources for structural Technical resources for structural 

engineers engineers

Improved measidentify earthquthey face the ris
Addressing urgent environment, safety, and security needs

Disaster Resilient Structures/Communities (+$4M

Disaster Resilient Structures/Communities (+$4M

Disaster resilience depends in large Disaster resilience depends in large 

measure on building codes and measure on building codes and practices practices

 $1 spent on hazard mitigation saves $1 spent on hazard mitigation saves 

society an average of $4 society an average of $4

NIST and NOAA have coordinated NIST and NOAA have coordinated 

programs programs

 NIST will help develop standards, NIST will help develop standards, 

decision support tools, wind prediction decision support tools, wind prediction methods, and risk methods, and risk-based storm maps based storm maps that will that will

 Reduce risk from hurricanes, Reduce risk from hurricanes, wildland wildlandurban fires, and earthquakes urban fires, and earthquakes Create science Create science-based tools for hazard based tools for hazard 

mitigation mitigation

 Yield shor Yield short- and long and long-term 

improvement in building codes improvement in building codes

Shown above is destroyed by Hstorm surge madesign of struct
Addressing urgent environment, safety, and security needs

Biometrics: Identifying Friend or Foe (+$2M) Biometrics: Identifying Friend or Foe (+$2M)

Automated tools needed to identify people Automated tools needed to identify people

 Protect borders Protect borders Yet allow efficient travel Yet allow efficient travel

NIST has decades of experience NIST has decades of experience

 Assisting FBI, Homeland Security, 

State Department

 Managing Face Recognition Grand 

Challenge

Increased funding will enable

 Facial recognition for border security Testing for multimodal systems Interoperability of biometric systems Simultaneous facial recognition, 

fingerprint and iris scan technologies

Identification sytypes of biometfacial, and iris simprovements t
Investing in strategic and rapidly advancing technologies

Bioscience Measurement and Standards (+$10M) Bioscience Measurement and Standards (+$10M

Inaccurate bioscience measurements increase Inaccurate bioscience measurements increase 

the cost and lower the quality of healthcare the cost and lower the quality of healthcare

 Requires retesting, possible misdiagnosis Requires retesting, possible misdiagnosis Costly drug design, $1 billion per drug, Costly drug design, $1 billion per drug,

8

-10 years, 8% reach market 10 years, 8% reach market

Biopharmaceutical economics study found: Biopharmaceutical economics study found:

 Better measurements should reduce R&D Better measurements should reduce R&D 

costs for approved drugs by 25 costs for approved drugs by 25

-45%

 Reduce manufacturing costs by 23%

NIST bioscience initiative will help NIST bioscience initiative will help

 Reduce errors, reduce costs, and enable Reduce errors, reduce costs, and enable 

innovative medical technologies innovative medical technologies

 Pave the way to personalized medicine Pave the way to personalized medicine  Widen use of bioinformatics and modeling Widen use of bioinformatics and modeling 

tools

 Enable 

“systems biology systems biology

”

—quantitative quantitative 

approach to disease analysis and drug approach to disease analysis and drug design

Facellinkdiffshamutreaext

Inmmtrca
Investing in strategic and rapidly advancing technologies

Quantum Information Science (+$7M) Quantum Information Science (+$7M)

Revolutionary potential, unbreakable Revolutionary potential, unbreakable communications codes, and communications codes, and 

ultrapowerful ultrapowerful computers computers

 Uses atoms, electrons and light Uses atoms, electrons and light 

particles as quantum computer particles as quantum computer 

“bits

” or 

qubits

NIST is a world leader in the field NIST is a world leader in the fieldIncreased funding will allow: Increased funding will allow:

 Additional student training at the Joint Additional student training at the Joint 

Quantum Institute, collaboration of Quantum Institute, collaboration of NIST and University of Maryland NIST and University of Maryland

 Development of quantum Development of quantum 

“wires

” using 

“teleportation teleportation

” and other quantum and other quantum 

computer components computer components

 Development of an all optical clock for Development of an all optical clock for 

ultraprecise ultraprecise time and frequency time and frequency measurements measurements

Electricain this pic"quantum informatiimpossib
Investing in strategic and rapidly advancing technologies

Nanotechnology: From Disco Nanotechnology: From Discovery to Manufacture 

very to Manufactur

Nanoscale components, dominant factor Nanoscale components, dominant factor 

in 21st century economy century economy

Small size of nanoscale components Small size of nanoscale components 

requires requires

 Whole new measurement system New ways to quantify properties with 

accurate measures of size, shape, chemical composition, etc.

Measurement infrastructure developed 

with initiative funding will:

 Speed pace of nanotech research for 

government, industry & academia

 Accelerate commercialization  Improve product quality Enable electronic chips that are 

faster, smaller, more efficient

 Improve manufacturing yields

The semicondupart of a project tools for unders800 nanowires of a human hair

NIST Centeand Techno Bridges ga

production

 Nanofab u A critical re

from indus
Investing in strategic and rapidly advancing technologiesInnovations in Measurement Science (+$3M) nnovations in Measurement Science (+$3M)

Program serves as an innovation incubatorHigh-risk, leading edge research that anticipates industry needsCompetitive, focused on multidisciplinary work aimed at innovationExamples of past projects

 Quantum information science Fuel cell science 3D chemical imaging Plastic electronics

NIST researchers innovation prograquantify the propeelectricity-conductrange of potential 
Investing in strategic and rapidly advancing technologies

Comprehensive Comprehensive Cyber Security Initiative (+$5M

Cyber Security Initiative (+$5M

U.S. economy reliant on interconnected U.S. economy reliant on interconnected 

networks networks

 Face ever Face ever-increasing threats increasing threats Improving network security must be a Improving network security must be a 

national priority national priority

NIST a recognized world leader in cyber NIST a recognized world leader in cyber 

security security

Initiative funding will thwart attacks by Initiative funding will thwart attacks by

 Improved cryptographic key management Improved cryptographic key management Improved interoperability and Improved interoperability and 

authentication of users authentication of users

 Standardization of computer security Standardization of computer security 

settings settings

Results will include Results will include

 Lower economic impact from ID theft Lower economic impact from ID theft Increased productivity in cyber security Increased productivity in cyber security

Better crywill lead to networks.

This NIAdminisNationa
Investing in strategic and rapidly advancing technologies

Optical Communications and Computing (+$5.8M

Optical Communications and Computing (+$5.8M

High-speed communication drives the speed communication drives the 

economy economy

Downloads much faster in other countries Downloads much faster in other countries

 Japan, Korea, Finland Japan, Korea, Finland—10 to 30 times 10 to 30 times 

faster than in U.S. faster than in U.S. 

 U.S. geography/industrial structure U.S. geography/industrial structure 

require different technology to reach require different technology to reach these speeds these speeds

U.S. optical networks choked with data U.S. optical networks choked with data 

traffic, not well synched traffic, not well synched

 Need better measurements Need better measurements Ways to redirect traffic around Ways to redirect traffic around 

bottlenecks bottlenecks

Next generation computers may use light Next generation computers may use light 

instead of electronics instead of electronics

 Need ways to measure performance, Need ways to measure performance, 

allow interconnection of devices allow interconnection of devices 

Better tools focomputers and networks. 
Investing in strategic and rapidly advancing technologies

Enabling the Use of Hydrogen as a Fuel (+$4M) Enabling the Use of Hydrogen as a Fuel (+$4M)

Hydrogen fuel benefits Hydrogen fuel benefits

 Reduces dependence on foreign oil Reduces dependence on foreign oil  Lowers environmental impact Lowers environmental impact Most common element on Earth Most common element on Earth

Many technical challenges ahead Many technical challenges ahead

 Hydrogen difficult to store/use safely Hydrogen difficult to store/use safely Can embrittle embrittle metals Need new systems for distribution, Need new systems for distribution, 

delivery, and fair trade delivery, and fair trade 

NIST initiative designed to NIST initiative designed to

 Develop standards for pipeline safety Develop standards for pipeline safety 

and reliability and reliability

 Ensure accurate fuel measures at Ensure accurate fuel measures at 

point of sale point of sale

 Improve efficiency, durability of fuel Improve efficiency, durability of fuel 

cells

NIST expertise cazero-emission hydlong-term expertis
Investing in Strategic and Rapidly Advancing Technologies

Manufacturing: Supply Chain Integration (+$1M) Manufacturing: Supply Chain Integration (+$1M)

Inefficient exchange of product designs and Inefficient exchange of product designs and 

data

 Costs U.S. economy > $25 billion/year Costs U.S. economy > $25 billion/year

Opportunity mirrors NIST strengths Opportunity mirrors NIST strengths

 Standards, measurements, testing tools, Standards, measurements, testing tools,

neutral convener of workshops, neutral convener of workshops, conferences conferences

Will foster seamless global supply chains for Will foster seamless global supply chains for 

auto, aerospace, and construction auto, aerospace, and construction industries industries

 Improve industrial efficiency/ Improve industrial efficiency/

competitiveness, especially for small competitiveness, especially for small manufacturers manufacturers

 Create “roadmaps roadmaps” for developing open for developing open 

standards for enterprise integration standards for enterprise integration

 Develop and test standards, ensuring Develop and test standards, ensuring 

consistency with international standards consistency with international standards

The Ualone becaudata e
Boosting U.S. science/engineering capacity and capability

NIST Center for Neutron Research Expansio

NIST Center for Neutron Research Expansio

Nation’s leading neutron facility s leading neutron facility

 More users than all other U.S. neutron More users than all other U.S. neutron 

facilities combined facilities combined

Neutrons offer unique views into: Neutrons offer unique views into:

 Protein structures Protein structures Trace chemical analysis Trace chemical analysis Nanoelectronics Nanoelectronics Advanced materials Advanced materials

Third year of increased funding for a critical Third year of increased funding for a critical 

expansion program

 New world New world-class instruments class instruments Ability to serve 500 more researchers Ability to serve 500 more researchers 

per year per year

 Increased operational effectiveness Increased operational effectiveness

The NIST CResearch iserving moannually.
Boosting U.S. science/engineering capacity and capability

Boulder Laboratories: Building 1 Extension (+$43

Boulder Laboratories: Building 1 Extension (+$4

Completion of a three Completion of a three-year project year project

 Boulder research world Boulder research world’s best in s best in 

several fields several fields

Boulder research labs built in 1950s Boulder research labs built in 1950s

 Poor air quality, vibration, Poor air quality, vibration, 

temperature, and power control temperature, and power control

Modern measurement science requires Modern measurement science requires 

operation at the atomic scale operation at the atomic scale

 Nanoscale systems Nanoscale systems—i.e. 

measuring forces between cells measuring forces between cells

 Ultraprecise Ultraprecise timekeeping timekeeping—critical critical 

for navigation, GPS, quantum for navigation, GPS, quantum science science

 High speed, high frequency High speed, high frequency 

measurements for electronics and measurements for electronics and defense industries defense industries

Architectural renderBuilding 1 Extension
Boosting U.S. science/engineering capacity and capability

JILA Building Expansion (+$13M) JILA Building Expansion (+$13M)

JILA jointly operated by NIST and University of 

Colorado at Boulder

 Year one of two Year one of two-year construction project, year construction project, total $27.5 million, CU will contribute total $27.5 million, CU will contribute

$5 million, land, and infrastructure services $5 million, land, and infrastructure services 

 JILA pushes the frontiers of atomic JILA pushes the frontiers of atomic 

science science—ultrafast ultrafast, ultracold ultracold, ultrastable ultrastable

 Three Nobel laureates, two Genius Awards Three Nobel laureates, two Genius Awards Key training ground for world Key training ground for world-class 

physicists physicists

Current JILA labs severely overcrowded JILA expansion will allow: JILA expansion will allow:

 Clean rooms for fundamental electronics Clean rooms for fundamental electronics 

research, cold rooms for biophysics research research, cold rooms for biophysics research

 New capabilities in quantum science, New capabilities in quantum science, 

biotech, energy, homeland security biotech, energy, homeland security

 Significantly expands nation Significantly expands nation’s pool of atomic, s pool of atomic, 

molecular and optical scientists molecular and optical scientists

MaphycreknowitstuCin
Boosting U.S. science/engineering capacity and capability

Safety, Capacity, Maintenanc Safety, Capacity, Maintenance and Major Repairs 

e and Major Repairs 

Aging buildings in both Gaithersburg and 

Boulder are threatening NIST’s mission 

 Built in 1950s and 1960s Built in 1950s and 1960s Renovation funds have not kept pace Renovation funds have not kept pace 

with repair needs with repair needs

 Increasing failures Increasing failures—leaks, air handling, leaks, air handling, 

asbestos issues asbestos issues

Independent study urged increase for 

SCMMR to better match facilities value

Funds requested provide for:

 Ensured safety of NIST employees Ensured safety of NIST employees Replacement of aging mechanical and Replacement of aging mechanical and 

electrical systems electrical systems

 Removal of hazardous materials Removal of hazardous materials Structural repairs and replacements Structural repairs and replacements Better accessibility Better accessibility

Corroding, equipment 
Critical Time for U.S. Innovation and Economy Critical Time for U.S. Innovation and Economy

The U.S. is at an economic crossroads The U.S. is at an economic crossroads

 India, China, Korea, many others — investing heav

technology, much lower wages for very skilled R&D 

 Basic physical sciences research is an economic “s

for all industrial sectors including biotechnology

 Investment in training next generation of scientists a

research facilities and capabilities will bear fruit for myears to come.

 $1 for NIST research produces $44 in benefits to U

economy (average of 19 economic studies)

The U.S. can choose to be a world leader in technology 

innovation or be left behind
FY 2009 Budget Request Summary FY 2009 Budget Request Summary

The President and Congress have agreed on a strong i

 NIST research and facilities play a critical role in ad Current U.S. safety, security, and quality of life is su

ways by past NIST accomplishments 

 NIST “roads and bridges” built now enable today’s i

tomorrow’s products, services, and economic growt

The Bottom Line:Investment in NIST research and facilities will help ethe U.S. continues to be the world’s economic and inleader.