{"id":255260,"date":"2023-03-23T17:43:43","date_gmt":"2023-03-23T21:43:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?post_type=mission&p=255260"},"modified":"2023-07-07T14:36:31","modified_gmt":"2023-07-07T18:36:31","slug":"sts-2","status":"publish","type":"mission","link":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission\/sts-2\/","title":{"rendered":"STS-2"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-mission-hero maxw-full width-full hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-mission-hero\">\t<div class=\"hds-mission-header hds-mission-archived padding-top-10 padding-bottom-4 background-cover padding-x-3\">\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block grid-row flex-align-end margin-bottom-0 padding-x-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-mission-badge square-10 margin-bottom-4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-29900\/S81-29900~orig.jpg\" alt=\"STS-2 insignia featuring the words Columbia and Engle-Truly along with an image of the space shuttle, an American flag, and an eagle.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"page-heading-md display-block width-full\">STS-2<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-5 tablet:margin-bottom-0 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"label tag tag-mission\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"mission-status-icon bg-carbon-30\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Occurred 42 years ago<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-lg\">Second test flight of the Space Shuttle to demonstrate safe re-launch and safe return of the orbiter and crew.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 padding-left-0 desktop:padding-left-10\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"w-100 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-20-important padding-top-2 margin-right-1 desktop:margin-right-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"label margin-0 color-carbon-50-important\">Orbiter<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"p-lg font-weight-bold margin-0 padding-0 line-height-sm\">Columbia<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"w-100 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-20-important padding-top-2 margin-left-1 desktop:margin-left-0 desktop:margin-right-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"label margin-0 color-carbon-50-important\">Mission Duration<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"p-lg font-weight-bold margin-0 padding-0 line-height-sm\">2 days, 6 hours, 13 minutes and 12 seconds<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"w-100 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-20-important padding-top-2 margin-right-1 desktop:margin-right-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"label margin-0 color-carbon-50-important\">Launch<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"p-lg font-weight-bold margin-0 padding-0 line-height-sm\">Nov. 12, 1981<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"w-100 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-20-important padding-top-2 margin-left-1 desktop:margin-left-0 desktop:margin-right-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"label margin-0 color-carbon-50-important\">Landing<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"p-lg font-weight-bold margin-0 padding-0 line-height-sm\">Nov. 14, 1981<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-full\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1915&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" rel=\"noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1915\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1915&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Space Shuttle Columbia (STS-2) is seen from below just before landing with the blue sky and wispy clouds visible in the background.\" style=\"transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 45% 56%; object-position: 45% 56%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1915&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1920w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=150&h=150&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 150w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=300&h=299&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=768&h=766&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=1024&h=1021&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1532&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=50&h=50&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 50w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=100&h=100&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 100w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=200&h=199&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 200w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=400&h=399&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=600&h=598&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=900&h=898&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=1200&h=1197&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">S81-39563 (14 Nov. 1981) — This view of the space shuttle Columbia (STS-2) was made with a hand-held 70mm camera in the rear station of the T-38 chase plane. Mission specialist\/astronaut Kathryn D. Sullivan exposed the frame as astronauts Joe N. Engle and Richard H. Truly aboard the Columbia guided the vehicle to an unpowered but smooth landing on the desert area of Edwards Air Force base in California. The view provides a good study of the high temperature protection material on the underside of the spacecraft which is exposed to the friction on the atmospheric entry on the return to Earth.  Also note trails from the wing tips.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-tabbed-section color-mode-light padding-y-6 padding-x-3 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-tabbed-section\"> \n\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block\">\n\t\t<ul class=\"hds-tab-nav usa-list usa-list--unstyled grid-row\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"hds-tab-nav-item usa-active\" data-tab-id=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t<button role=\"tab\" type=\"button\" id=\"tab0-joe-h.-engle\" aria-selected=\"true\" aria-controls=\"panel0-joe-h.-engle\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJoe H. Engle\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"hds-tab-nav-item \" data-tab-id=\"1\">\n\t\t\t\t<button role=\"tab\" type=\"button\" id=\"tab1-richard-h.-truly\" aria-selected=\"false\" aria-controls=\"panel1-richard-h.-truly\">\n\t\t\t\t\tRichard H. Truly\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-tabs margin-top-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-tab desktop:display-flex usa-active\" data-tab-id=\"0\" role=\"tabpanel\" id=\"panel0-joe-h.-engle\" aria-labelledby=\"tab0-joe-h.-engle\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-right-5 padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-29\">Joe H. Engle<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"heading-16\">Commander<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md\">An accomplished test pilot, Joe. H. Engle flew the X-15 above the threshold to qualify as an astronaut in 1965 and was later chosen for NASA’s 5th astronaut class in 1966. On his first space flight for STS-2, he became the first and only pilot to manually fly an aerospace vehicle from Mach 25 to landing.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/40-years-ago-sts-1-astronauts-young-and-crippen-honored-at-the-white-house\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"button-primary button-primary-sm link-external-true\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"line-height-alt-1 \" >\n\t\t\t\tRead More                \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-left-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-block\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-image margin-bottom-2 minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1920\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1920&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Portrait of Joe H. Engle wearing a brownish space suit and holding his helmet. Behind him is an American Flag and a model of the Space Shuttle.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 49% 16%; object-position: 49% 16%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1920&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=240&h=300&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 240w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=768&h=960&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=819&h=1024&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 819w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=1229&h=1536&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1229w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=320&h=400&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 320w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=480&h=600&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 480w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=720&h=900&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 720w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=960&h=1200&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Portrait photograph, Astronaut Joe H. Engle, selected as official portrait for the STS-2 Mission.   JSC, HOUSTON, TX. ( S81-34642 );<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-tab desktop:display-flex \" data-tab-id=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" id=\"panel1-richard-h.-truly\" aria-labelledby=\"tab1-richard-h.-truly\" hidden>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-right-5 padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-29\">Richard H. Truly<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"heading-16\">Pilot<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md\">After serving as capsule communicator for all three Skylab missions in 1973 and the Apollo-Soyuz mission in 1975, Astronaut Richard H. Truly made his first space flight in November 1981 for STS-2.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/retired-astronaut-bob-crippen-on-the-40th-anniversary-of-sts-1-and-the-beginning-of-the-shuttle-program\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"button-primary button-primary-sm link-external-true\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"line-height-alt-1 \" >\n\t\t\t\tRead More                \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-left-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-block\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-image margin-bottom-2 minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1546\" height=\"1920\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=1546&h=1920&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Official portrait of Richard H. Truly, pilot for the STS-2 flight of the space shuttle Columbia. He wears a yellow space suit but the helmet sits on a table in front of him. \" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 45% 32%; object-position: 45% 32%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=1546&h=1920&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1546w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=242&h=301&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 242w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=768&h=954&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=825&h=1025&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 825w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=1237&h=1536&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1237w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=322&h=400&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 322w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=483&h=600&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 483w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=725&h=900&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 725w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=966&h=1200&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 966w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1546px) 100vw, 1546px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Astronaut Richard H. Truly.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-featured-story minh-tablet bg-carbon-black flex-column position-relative hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-featured-story\">\t<div class=\"hds-foreground-wrapper display-flex flex-column padding-y-9 padding-x-3\">\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container grid-container-widescreen margin-bottom-auto width-full maxw-desktop-lg padding-0 z-400\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center heading-12 text-uppercase z-400 color-spacesuit-white\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"margin-right-1\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 500 500\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 500 500;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"> <g> <path d=\"M490.4,19.2c-27.5,0-55,0-82.5,0c-43.4,0-86.7,0-130.1,0c-36.7,0-73.3,0-110,0c-43.4,0-86.7,0-130.1,0 c-8.6,0-17.1,0-25.7,0c-0.5,0-1.1,0-1.7,0c0,0.6-0.1,1-0.1,1.5c0,74.2,0,148.4,0,222.6c0,79,0,158,0,237c0,0.2,0,0.4,0,0.6 c-0.1,0-0.3-0.1-0.3-0.1c0-0.4,0-0.8,0-1.2c0-153.6,0-307.1,0-460.7c159.7,0,319.3,0,479,0C489.5,18.9,489.9,19.1,490.4,19.2z\"><\/path> <g> <path d=\"M243.5,1.4C108,4.8-2.5,117.7,1.4,257.4C5.2,391.1,115.8,501,254.5,498.6c135.9-2.4,245.1-113.6,244.1-250.8 C497.2,108.9,382.9-2,243.5,1.4z M249.9,473.7c-122.8,0-222.5-99.1-223.6-221.6c-1.1-124.5,99-224.7,221.4-225.9 c124.3-1.2,224.9,98.6,226.1,221.5C474.9,373.1,373.5,473.9,249.9,473.7z\"><\/path> <path d=\"M384.2,205.3c-32.8,0.1-65.5,0.1-98.3,0.2c-3.1,0-3.9-0.6-4.8-3.6c-2.1-6.9-4.2-13.7-6.3-20.6 c-7.7-24.9-15.3-49.9-23-74.8c-0.5-1.8-1.1-3.5-1.8-5.5c-0.2,0.6-0.4,0.9-0.4,1.1c-10.2,33.1-20.3,66.3-30.5,99.4 c-1,3.3-1.7,3.9-5.3,3.9c-10.8,0-21.5,0-32.3-0.1c-14.2,0-28.4-0.1-42.6-0.1c-8.4,0-16.7,0-25.6,0c0.9,0.7,1.4,1.1,1.9,1.5 c26.6,20.3,53.3,40.5,79.9,60.8c2.2,1.7,2.6,2.9,1.8,5.5c-9.1,29.1-18.1,58.2-27.2,87.3c-1.4,4.5-2.8,9-4.2,13.7 c0.6-0.4,1-0.6,1.3-0.9c26.6-20.4,53.1-40.8,79.7-61.1c3.1-2.4,3.8-2.4,6.9,0c26.5,20.3,53,40.7,79.5,61c0.4,0.3,0.8,0.5,1.5,1 c-0.3-1-0.4-1.6-0.6-2.2c-10.2-32.7-20.4-65.5-30.5-98.2c-1.1-3.5-0.8-4.3,2.1-6.6c26.1-19.8,52.1-39.6,78.2-59.5 c0.9-0.7,1.8-1.4,3.1-2.4C385.5,205.3,384.8,205.3,384.2,205.3z\"><\/path> <\/g> <\/g><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"label\">Featured Story<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container grid-container-widescreen width-full maxw-desktop-lg padding-0 z-400\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 z-400\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"display-60 color-spacesuit-white-important\">40 Years Ago: Columbia Returns to Space on the STS-2 Mission<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-lg color-spacesuit-white-important\">Following a launch scrub a week earlier, space shuttle Columbia took to the skies on Nov. 12, 1981, for its...<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/40-years-ago-columbia-returns-to-space-on-the-sts-2-mission\/\" class=\"button-primary button-primary-md\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"section-heading-md color-spacesuit-white-important\">Read the Story<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 z-400\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-left mobile-skrim-top z-200\"><\/div>\n\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1535&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" ><\/figure>\t<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Mission: Second Shuttle Mission\/Office of Space and Terrestrial Applications-1 (OSTA-1)<br>Space Shuttle: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/stem-content\/space-shuttle-columbia-chronology\/\" data-type=\"stem-content\" data-id=\"183774\">Columbia<\/a><br>Launch Pad: 39A<br>Launched: Nov. 12, 1981 at 10:09:59 a.m. EST<br>Launch Weight: 320,708 pounds<br>Landing Site: Edwards Air Force Base, Calif.<br>Landing: Nov. 14, 1981 at 1:23:11 p.m. PST<br>Runway: 23<br>Rollout Distance: 7,711 feet<br>Rollout Time: 53 seconds<br>Revolution: 37<br>Mission Duration: 2 days, 6 hours, 13 minutes and 12 seconds<br>Returned to KSC: Nov. 25, 1981<br>Orbit Altitude: 157 nautical miles<br>Orbit Inclination: 38.0 degrees<br>Miles Traveled: 1.075 million<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Mission Objectives<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Demonstrate safe re-launch and safe return of the orbiter and crew. Verify the combined performance of the entire shuttle vehicle – orbiter, solid rocket boosters and external tank.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Payloads included the Orbital Flight Test Pallet consisting of the Measurement of Air Pollution from Satellite (MAPS) experiment, the Shuttle Multispectral Infrared Radiometer (SMIRR) experiment, the Shuttle Imaging Radar (SIR-A) experiment, the Features Identification and Location Experiment (FILE) and the Ocean Color Experiment (OCE). Also included was the 11,048 lb. Development Flight Instrumentation (DFI) pallet, the Aerodynamic Coefficient Identification Package (ACIP), the Induced Environment Contamination Monitor (IECM) and the 5,395 lb. Office of Space and Terrestrial Applications Pallet (OSTA-1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mission Highlights<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Launch originally set for Oct. 9 was rescheduled when a nitrogen tetroxide spill occurred during loading of the forward reaction control system. The launch scheduled for Nov. 4 delayed and then scrubbed when the countdown computer called for hold in the count due to an apparent low reading on fuel cell oxygen tank pressures. During the hold, high oil pressures were discovered in two of three auxiliary power units (APUs) that operate hydraulic system. APU gear boxes needed to be flushed and filters replaced, forcing the launch to reschedule. The launch on Nov. 12 delayed two hours, 40 minutes to replace the multiplexer\/demultiplexer and additional nine minutes, 59 seconds to review systems status.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Modifications of the water sound suppression system at the pad to absorb the solid rocket booster overpressure wave during launch were effective\u2014no tiles were lost and only 12 were damaged.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The planned five-day mission was cut nearly three days due to failure of one of three fuel cells that produce electricity and drinking water, but 90 percent of mission objectives achieved, including first time remote manipulator system tests. Mission scientists were satisfied with data received from Office of Space and Terrestrial Applications-1 (OSTA-1) Earth observation experiments mounted on Spacelab pallet in payload bay.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-content-lists-inner hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-content-lists\">\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-lists padding-y-5 desktop:padding-y-7 padding-x-3 bg-spacesuit-white width-full maxw-full\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-widescreen padding-x-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-start margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"section-heading-sm line-height-sm\">Latest STS-2 Articles<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"margin-top-0 margin-bottom-2 maxh-tablet\">Stay up-to-date with the latest content from NASA as we explore the universe and discover more about our home planet.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col display-flex flex-align-center desktop:flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div \n\t\t\tclass=\"hds-content-items hds-content-items-grid\"\n\t\t\tdata-post-type=\"post,feature\"\n\t\t\tdata-post-id=\"255260\"\n\t\t\tdata-max-num-pages=\"2\" \n\t\t\tdata-per-page=\"6\"\n\t\t\tdata-current-page=\"1\"\n\t\t\tdata-categories=\"3030\"\n\t\t\tdata-news-tags=\"\"\n\t\t\tdata-layout=\"grid\"\n\t\t\tdata-show-thumbnails=\"yes\"\n\t\t\tdata-show-readtime=\"yes\"\n\t\t\tdata-show-excerpts=\"yes\"\n\t\t\tdata-show-content-type-tags=\"yes\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/45-years-ago-nasa-names-the-first-four-space-shuttle-crews\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1270\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S78-27531\/S78-27531~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1270&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S78-27531\/S78-27531~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1270&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1920w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S78-27531\/S78-27531~large.jpg?w=300&h=198&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S78-27531\/S78-27531~large.jpg?w=768&h=508&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S78-27531\/S78-27531~large.jpg?w=1024&h=677&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S78-27531\/S78-27531~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1016&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S78-27531\/S78-27531~large.jpg?w=400&h=265&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S78-27531\/S78-27531~large.jpg?w=600&h=397&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S78-27531\/S78-27531~large.jpg?w=900&h=595&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S78-27531\/S78-27531~large.jpg?w=1200&h=794&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/45-years-ago-nasa-names-the-first-four-space-shuttle-crews\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-heading\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-a11y-heading-22\">45 Years Ago: NASA Names the First Four Space Shuttle Crews<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item-readtime label margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t5 min read\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">On March 16, 1978, NASA formally announced the crews for the first four space shuttle missions. The four two-man crews...<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto\"><svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg><span>Article<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/40-years-ago-columbia-returns-to-space-on-the-sts-2-mission\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1535\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1535&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1535&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1920w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=300&h=240&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=768&h=614&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=1024&h=819&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1228&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=400&h=320&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=600&h=480&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=900&h=720&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=1200&h=959&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/40-years-ago-columbia-returns-to-space-on-the-sts-2-mission\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-heading\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-a11y-heading-22\">40 Years Ago: Columbia Returns to Space on the STS-2 Mission<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item-readtime label margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t13 min read\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">Following a launch scrub a week earlier, space shuttle Columbia took to the skies on Nov. 12, 1981, for its...<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto\"><svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg><span>Article<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/40-years-ago-one-week-before-columbias-return-to-space-sts-2-launch-scrub\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"238\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/sts_2_l-1_week_1_sts2-0199-19811102-02_ksc-81p-504-11.2.81.jpg?w=300\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/sts_2_l-1_week_1_sts2-0199-19811102-02_ksc-81p-504-11.2.81.jpg 985w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/sts_2_l-1_week_1_sts2-0199-19811102-02_ksc-81p-504-11.2.81.jpg?resize=300,238 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/sts_2_l-1_week_1_sts2-0199-19811102-02_ksc-81p-504-11.2.81.jpg?resize=768,608 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/sts_2_l-1_week_1_sts2-0199-19811102-02_ksc-81p-504-11.2.81.jpg?resize=400,317 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/sts_2_l-1_week_1_sts2-0199-19811102-02_ksc-81p-504-11.2.81.jpg?resize=600,475 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/sts_2_l-1_week_1_sts2-0199-19811102-02_ksc-81p-504-11.2.81.jpg?resize=900,713 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/40-years-ago-one-week-before-columbias-return-to-space-sts-2-launch-scrub\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-heading\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-a11y-heading-22\">40 Years Ago: One Week Before Columbia\u2019s Return to Space \u2013 STS-2 Launch Scrub<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item-readtime label margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t4 min read\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">Space shuttle Columbia\u2019s much-anticipated return to space would have to wait another few days. The countdown for the Nov. 4,...<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto\"><svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg><span>Article<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/40-years-ago-two-weeks-until-space-shuttle-columbias-return-to-space-on-sts-2\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"203\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-2_weeks_1_sts2-0071-noid.jpg?w=300\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-2_weeks_1_sts2-0071-noid.jpg 985w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-2_weeks_1_sts2-0071-noid.jpg?resize=300,203 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-2_weeks_1_sts2-0071-noid.jpg?resize=768,518 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-2_weeks_1_sts2-0071-noid.jpg?resize=400,270 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-2_weeks_1_sts2-0071-noid.jpg?resize=600,405 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-2_weeks_1_sts2-0071-noid.jpg?resize=900,608 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/40-years-ago-two-weeks-until-space-shuttle-columbias-return-to-space-on-sts-2\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-heading\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-a11y-heading-22\">40 Years Ago: Two Weeks until Space Shuttle Columbia\u2019s Return to Space on STS-2<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item-readtime label margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t3 min read\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">As October 1981 drew to a close, the planned Nov. 4 launch of space shuttle Columbia on the STS-2 mission...<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto\"><svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg><span>Article<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/40-years-ago-sts-2-to-fly-the-first-space-shuttle-payloads\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"275\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-3_weeks_1_technician_mounting_tile_after_oxidizer_spill_oct_1981_10060455.jpg?w=275\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-3_weeks_1_technician_mounting_tile_after_oxidizer_spill_oct_1981_10060455.jpg 410w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-3_weeks_1_technician_mounting_tile_after_oxidizer_spill_oct_1981_10060455.jpg?resize=275,300 275w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-3_weeks_1_technician_mounting_tile_after_oxidizer_spill_oct_1981_10060455.jpg?resize=366,400 366w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/40-years-ago-sts-2-to-fly-the-first-space-shuttle-payloads\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-heading\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-a11y-heading-22\">40 Years Ago: STS-2 to Fly the First Space Shuttle Payloads<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item-readtime label margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t4 min read\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">By the middle of October 1981, ground crews had completed repairs to Columbia after an oxidizer spill damaged the space...<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto\"><svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg><span>Article<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/40-years-ago-one-month-until-space-shuttle-columbias-return-to-space-on-sts-2\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"239\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-1_month_1_engle_truly_in_mbs.png?w=300\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-1_month_1_engle_truly_in_mbs.png 965w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-1_month_1_engle_truly_in_mbs.png?resize=300,239 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-1_month_1_engle_truly_in_mbs.png?resize=768,611 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-1_month_1_engle_truly_in_mbs.png?resize=400,318 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-1_month_1_engle_truly_in_mbs.png?resize=600,478 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/sts_2_l-1_month_1_engle_truly_in_mbs.png?resize=900,716 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/40-years-ago-one-month-until-space-shuttle-columbias-return-to-space-on-sts-2\/\" class=\"hds-content-item-heading\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-a11y-heading-22\">40 Years Ago: One Month until Space Shuttle Columbia\u2019s Return to Space on STS-2<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a> \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-content-item-readtime label margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t5 min read\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">Space shuttle Columbia arrived on Launch Pad 39A on Aug. 31, 1981, where ground crews prepared it for its second...<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto\"><svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg><span>Article<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n    <nav class=\"hds-pagination hds-pagination--content-lists\" role=\"navigation\" aria-label=\"Pagination Navigation\" data-mid-size=\"2\" data-end-size=\"1\" data-max-pages=\"2\" >\n                                            <span aria-current=\"page\" class=\"page-numbers current\" aria-label=\"Current Page, Page 1\" aria-current=\"true\" data-page-number=\"1\">\n                    <span>                        1                    <\/span>                <\/span>\n                                                                                    <a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"#\" aria-label=\"Goto Page 2\" data-page-number=\"2\">\n                        <span>                            2                        <\/span>                    <\/a>\n                                     \n                                        <a class=\"next page-numbers\" href=\"#\" aria-label=\"Goto Next Page\" data-page-number=\"2\">Next<\/a>\n            <\/nav>\n\n    \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-featured-link-list bg-spacesuit-white padding-x-2 tablet:padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-4 padding-y-5 desktop:padding-y-6 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-featured-link-list\">\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block padding-0\">\n\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-4\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-22\">\n\t\t\t\tResources\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1919\" height=\"1264\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=1919&h=1264&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 36% 98%; object-position: 36% 98%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=1919&h=1264&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1919w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=300&h=198&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=768&h=506&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=1024&h=674&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1012&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=400&h=263&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=600&h=395&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=900&h=593&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=1200&h=790&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 margin-0\">STS-2 Press Kit<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black\"><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/sts-002-press-kit.pdf?emrc=bca598\" target=\"\" aria-label=\"sts-005-press-kit\">\n                            <svg class=\"hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\">\n                                <circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path>\n                            <\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1917\" height=\"1920\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s30-s-127\/s30-s-127~large.jpg?w=1917&h=1920&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Space Shuttle Atlantis coming in for a landing\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 63% 46%; object-position: 63% 46%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s30-s-127\/s30-s-127~large.jpg?w=1917&h=1920&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1917w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s30-s-127\/s30-s-127~large.jpg?w=150&h=150&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 150w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s30-s-127\/s30-s-127~large.jpg?w=300&h=300&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, 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https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s30-s-127\/s30-s-127~large.jpg?w=900&h=901&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s30-s-127\/s30-s-127~large.jpg?w=1198&h=1200&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1198w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1917px) 100vw, 1917px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 margin-0\">Flights of Columbia<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black\"><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/flights-columbia-03.pdf?emrc=34a0b5\" target=\"\" aria-label=\"flights-challenger\">\n                            <svg class=\"hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\">\n                                <circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path>\n                            <\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-gallery-preview padding-y-5 desktop:padding-y-7 padding-x-3 bg-spacesuit-white width-full maxw-full hds-gallery-preview-count-9 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-gallery-preview\">\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-widescreen padding-x-0\">\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-row width-full\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-8\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-22\">STS-2<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-wrap flex-align-center margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label hds-gallery-preview-label z-400 color-carbon-60 margin-right-3 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 20 20;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><path style=\"fill:#585858;\" d=\"M10,0C4.5,0-0.1,4.5,0,10.1c0.1,5.4,4.5,9.9,10.1,9.9c5.5-0.1,10-4.6,9.9-10.1C19.9,4.4,15.4,0,10,0z M10.3,19 C5.1,19.1,1,15,1,10c0-5,4-9,9-9c4.9,0,8.9,3.9,9,8.9C19.1,14.9,15.1,18.9,10.3,19z\"\/><path style=\"fill:#585858;\" d=\"M14,9c-0.8,1.2-1.5,2.5-2.3,3.7C10.5,10.5,9.2,8.2,8,6c-1.5,2.7-3,5.3-4.5,8c4.5,0,9,0,13.5,0 C16,12.3,15,10.7,14,9z\"\/><path style=\"fill:#585858;\" d=\"M13,8c1.1,0,2-0.9,2-2c0-1.1-0.9-2-2-2c-1.1,0-2,0.9-2,2C11,7,11.8,8,13,8z\"\/><\/g><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>9 Images<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-4 display-none padding-bottom-2 desktop:display-flex flex-align-start flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/gallery\/sts-2\/\" class=\"button-primary margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"section-heading-md\">Go To Gallery<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-gallery-preview-images grid-container grid-container-widescreen padding-x-0\">\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-gallery-preview-row hds-gallery-preview-row-lg\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-gallery-preview-col hds-gallery-preview-flex-two hds-gallery-preview-items hds-gallery-preview-grid\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-gallery-preview-row hds-gallery-preview-row-1-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-gallery-preview-item \">\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full height-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1919\" height=\"1919\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-29900\/S81-29900~large.jpg?w=1919&h=1919&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-29900\/S81-29900~large.jpg?w=1919&h=1919&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1919w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-29900\/S81-29900~large.jpg?w=150&h=150&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 150w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-29900\/S81-29900~large.jpg?w=300&h=300&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-29900\/S81-29900~large.jpg?w=768&h=768&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-29900\/S81-29900~large.jpg?w=1024&h=1024&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-29900\/S81-29900~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1536&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-29900\/S81-29900~large.jpg?w=50&h=50&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 50w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-29900\/S81-29900~large.jpg?w=100&h=100&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 100w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-29900\/S81-29900~large.jpg?w=200&h=200&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 200w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-29900\/S81-29900~large.jpg?w=400&h=400&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-29900\/S81-29900~large.jpg?w=600&h=600&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-29900\/S81-29900~large.jpg?w=900&h=900&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-29900\/S81-29900~large.jpg?w=1200&h=1200&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-gallery-preview-item \">\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full height-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1535\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1535&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1535&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1920w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=300&h=240&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=768&h=614&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=1024&h=819&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1228&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=400&h=320&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=600&h=480&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=900&h=720&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34641\/S81-34641~large.jpg?w=1200&h=959&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-gallery-preview-row hds-gallery-preview-row-1-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-gallery-preview-item \">\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full height-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1272\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-30479\/S81-30479~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1272&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-30479\/S81-30479~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1272&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1920w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-30479\/S81-30479~large.jpg?w=300&h=199&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-30479\/S81-30479~large.jpg?w=768&h=509&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-30479\/S81-30479~large.jpg?w=1024&h=678&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-30479\/S81-30479~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1018&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-30479\/S81-30479~large.jpg?w=400&h=265&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-30479\/S81-30479~large.jpg?w=600&h=398&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-30479\/S81-30479~large.jpg?w=900&h=596&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-30479\/S81-30479~large.jpg?w=1200&h=795&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-gallery-preview-item \">\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full height-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1920\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1920&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1920&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=240&h=300&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 240w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=768&h=960&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=819&h=1024&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 819w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=1229&h=1536&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1229w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=320&h=400&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 320w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=480&h=600&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 480w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=720&h=900&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 720w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-34642\/S81-34642~large.jpg?w=960&h=1200&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-gallery-preview-col hds-gallery-preview-flex-three hds-gallery-preview-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-gallery-preview-item hds-gallery-preview-item-featured\">\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full height-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1546\" height=\"1920\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=1546&h=1920&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=1546&h=1920&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1546w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=242&h=301&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 242w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=768&h=954&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=825&h=1025&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 825w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=1237&h=1536&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1237w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=322&h=400&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 322w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=483&h=600&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 483w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=725&h=900&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 725w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S79-36527\/S79-36527~large.jpg?w=966&h=1200&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 966w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1546px) 100vw, 1546px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-gallery-preview-row hds-gallery-preview-row-2 hds-gallery-preview-row-sm\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-gallery-preview-item \">\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full height-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1879\" height=\"1920\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39549\/s81-39549~large.jpg?w=1879&h=1920&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39549\/s81-39549~large.jpg?w=1879&h=1920&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1879w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39549\/s81-39549~large.jpg?w=294&h=300&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 294w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39549\/s81-39549~large.jpg?w=768&h=785&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39549\/s81-39549~large.jpg?w=1002&h=1024&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1002w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39549\/s81-39549~large.jpg?w=1503&h=1536&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1503w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39549\/s81-39549~large.jpg?w=50&h=51&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 50w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39549\/s81-39549~large.jpg?w=391&h=400&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 391w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39549\/s81-39549~large.jpg?w=587&h=600&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 587w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39549\/s81-39549~large.jpg?w=881&h=900&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 881w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39549\/s81-39549~large.jpg?w=1174&h=1200&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1174w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1879px) 100vw, 1879px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-gallery-preview-item \">\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full height-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1919\" height=\"1264\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=1919&h=1264&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=1919&h=1264&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1919w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=300&h=198&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=768&h=506&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=1024&h=674&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1012&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=400&h=263&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=600&h=395&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=900&h=593&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39499\/S81-39499~large.jpg?w=1200&h=790&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-gallery-preview-item \">\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full height-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1915\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1915&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1915&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1920w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=150&h=150&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 150w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=300&h=299&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=768&h=766&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=1024&h=1021&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1532&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=50&h=50&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 50w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=100&h=100&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 100w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=200&h=199&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 200w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=400&h=399&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=600&h=598&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=900&h=898&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-39563\/S81-39563~large.jpg?w=1200&h=1197&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-gallery-preview-item \">\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full height-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1290\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39577\/s81-39577~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1290&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39577\/s81-39577~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1290&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1920w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39577\/s81-39577~large.jpg?w=300&h=202&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39577\/s81-39577~large.jpg?w=768&h=516&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39577\/s81-39577~large.jpg?w=1024&h=688&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39577\/s81-39577~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1032&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39577\/s81-39577~large.jpg?w=400&h=269&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39577\/s81-39577~large.jpg?w=600&h=403&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39577\/s81-39577~large.jpg?w=900&h=605&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39577\/s81-39577~large.jpg?w=1200&h=806&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-12 display-block desktop:display-none\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/gallery\/sts-2\/\" class=\"button-primary margin-top-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"section-heading-md\">Go To Gallery<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards\">\t\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2\">Keep Exploring<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 line-height-sm\">Discover More Topics From NASA<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Missions<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/plugins\/nasa-blocks\/assets\/images\/topic-cards\/topic-card-sample-1.jpg\" ><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Humans in Space<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/plugins\/nasa-blocks\/assets\/images\/topic-cards\/topic-card-sample-2.jpg\" ><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>NASA History<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"983\" height=\"1223\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg?w=983\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg 983w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg?resize=241,300 241w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg?resize=768,956 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg?resize=823,1024 823w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg?resize=322,400 322w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg?resize=482,600 482w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg?resize=723,900 723w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg?resize=965,1200 965w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 983px) 100vw, 983px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/space-shuttle\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Space Shuttle<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1041\" height=\"639\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/567791main_launchhq_full.jpg?w=1041\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/567791main_launchhq_full.jpg 1041w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/567791main_launchhq_full.jpg?resize=300,184 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/567791main_launchhq_full.jpg?resize=768,471 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/567791main_launchhq_full.jpg?resize=1024,629 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/567791main_launchhq_full.jpg?resize=400,246 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/567791main_launchhq_full.jpg?resize=600,368 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/567791main_launchhq_full.jpg?resize=900,552 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1041px) 100vw, 1041px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Second test flight of the Space Shuttle to demonstrate safe re-launch and safe return of the orbiter and crew.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":255391,"template":"","meta":{"nasa_hds_core_meta_l10n":"en-US","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_editor":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_contacts":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_topic":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_linked_locations":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_related_articles":[],"hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_id":"","hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_type":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_x":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_y":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_gallery_images":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_mission_date":"1981-11-14T13:23:00","nasa_hds_core_meta_mission_badge":{"id":255437,"url":"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/S81-29900\/S81-29900~orig.jpg","contentType":"image","caption":"S81-29900 (May 1981) --- This is the official insignia for STS-2 the United States second space shuttle orbital flight test mission. Crewmen are astronauts Joe H. Engle, commander, and Richard H. Truly, pilot. Their spacecraft, orbiter 102 Columbia, is depicted along with the crew members surnames, and the merged eagle and American flag. The number two is significant, as it applies to the number of crew members as well as the second flight for the Columbia and the second in a series of space shuttle missions.     The NASA insignia design for space shuttle flights is reserved for use by the astronauts and for other official use as the NASA Administrator may authorize. Public availability has been approved only in the forms of illustrations by the various news media. When and if there is any change in this policy, which is not anticipated, the change will be publicly announced. Photo credit: NASA","credits":"","alt":"STS-2 insignia featuring the words Columbia and Engle-Truly along with an image of the space shuttle, an American flag, and an eagle."},"nasa_hds_core_meta_mission_facebook_url":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_mission_twitter_url":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_mission_instagram_url":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_mission_linkedin_url":""},"categories":[2725,3030],"mission-status":[10842],"mission-type":[10917,10879],"mission-target":[11998],"mission-programs":[10869],"internal-terms":[],"coauthors":[8393],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"WebPage","headline":"STS-2","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission\/sts-2\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission\/sts-2\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39549\/s81-39549~large.jpg?w=1879&h=1920&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39549\/s81-39549~large.jpg?w=1879&h=1920&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint"},"articleSection":"Missions","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michele Ostovar"}],"creator":["Michele Ostovar"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NASA","logo":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/themes\/nasa\/assets\/images\/nasa-logo.svg"},"keywords":["Missions","Space Shuttle","STS-2"],"dateCreated":"2023-03-23T21:43:43Z","datePublished":"2023-03-23T21:43:43Z","dateModified":"2023-07-07T18:36:31Z"},"rendered":"<meta name=\"parsely-title\" content=\"STS-2\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-link\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission\/sts-2\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-type\" content=\"index\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-image-url\" content=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39549\/s81-39549~large.jpg?w=1879&h=1920&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-pub-date\" content=\"2023-03-23T21:43:43Z\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-section\" content=\"Missions\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-tags\" content=\"Missions,Space Shuttle,STS-2\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-author\" content=\"Michele Ostovar\" \/>","tracker_url":"https:\/\/cdn.parsely.com\/keys\/nasa.gov\/p.js"},"read_time":2,"featured_image":{"id":255391,"file":"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/s81-39549\/s81-39549~large.jpg","title":"STS-2 LAUNCH – KSC","alt":"Launch of Space Shuttle Columbia at Kennedy Space Center.","caption":"S81-39549 (12 Nov. 1981) --- Framed here by Florida vegetation, the 37-meter-tall (122 feet) NASA space shuttle Columbia lifts off from Launch Pad 39A at NASA-Kennedy Space Center (KSC). Astronauts Joe H. Engle and Richard H. Truly begin the second space shuttle (STS-2) flight with at least two new items of cargo aboard. One is a collection of experiments developed by the Office of Space and Terrestrial Applications (OSTA) and another is a robot arm with in-space\/in-cabin controls known as the remote manipulator system (RMS). Liftoff took place just a few seconds past 10:10 a.m. EST on Nov. 12, 1981. 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