Patriot Act Fingerpr

Biometrics Evaluation a

C. L. Wilson

Image Group

IAD-ITL
Outline

• Statutory mandates for Patrio

testing

• NIST Patriot Act use of finge• Tests of biometric accuracy

– FpVTE– SDK tests– IDENT
Statutory Mandate

• USA Patriot Act (PL 107-56)• Enhanced Border Security and Visa En

(PL 107-173)

• Develop and certify technology standa

– verify identity of foreign nationals applyin

• visa application at embassies and consulates• background check against FBI criminal databa

and “watch lists”

• ensure person has not received visa under a dif

– verify identity of persons seeking to enter 

• verify that the person holding the travel docum

to whom the document was issued

• airports, land border crossings, sea entry point
What Test Sample 

Specifications are Requ

• Data should reflect the image qu

can be achieved using existing seoperational government applicat

• One-to-One: Test sample sizes s

5,000-10,000 individuals.

• One-to-Many: Test sample sizes 

order of 1,000,000 individuals.

• Test samples must contain image

realistic quality .
NIST TEST Datase

• Used for rolled-rolled, flat-ro

flat to flat testing.

• Approximately 128M images 

18M people.

• Data has both paper and lives
Small Datasets

SD 14(V2)

Ink/Live Roll:Roll 2,700

CardPairs

M

SD 24 Live

(DFR-90)

Plain:Plain 80

Fingers

G

SD 29 Ink Roll:Roll

Plain:PlainPlain:Roll

216 CardPairs

M

ESD Live Plain:Roll 3K

Cards

G

FBI 12K Ink/Live Plain:Roll 12K

Subjects

O

Ohio Ink/Live Roll:Roll

Plain:PlainPlain:Roll

925Subjects

V

IDENT/IAFIS

Live Plain:Plain

Plain:Roll

3.8KSubjects

O
Large Two Finger Da

INS INDEX(recidivist)

Live (DFR90) Index Plain:Plain 620K Subject

3M Ima

DOS-BCC Live (DFR90) Index Plain:Plain 6MSubject

240Kmatche

US-VISITJan. 04-Feb.04

Live Index Plain:Plain 1.4M

Subject187Kmatche

US-VISITMar. 04-Jun. 04

Live Index Plain:Plain 2.8M

Subject819Kmatche
Large 10 Print Data

INSBenefits

96% Live14%Rescan

Roll:RollPlain:PlainPlain:Roll

640KSubjects

Ope(Goo

INSCARD

Ink Plain:Roll 100K

Cards

Ope

TX 60 % Ink

40 %Live

Plain:Roll 500K

Cards

Ope

IAFISATB Ink/Live Roll:Roll Plain:Roll 1.2M Cards Ope

IAFISNONOPS

Ink/Live Roll:Roll

Plain:Roll

1.7MCards

Ope

LACounty

90% Live10%Rescan

Roll:RollPlain:PlainPlain:Roll

1.5MSubjects73Kmatched

Ope(Goo

AZ 60 % Ink

40 %Live

Plain:Roll 179K

Subjects100Kmatched

Ope
FpVTE 

• The evaluations were conducted to 

– Measure the accuracy of fingerprint mat

identification, and verification systems

– Identify the most accurate fingerprint m– Determine the viability of fingerprint sy

term deployment in large-scale identific

– Determine the effect of a wide variety o

matcher accuracy

– Develop a well-vetted set of a variety of 

for use in future research
FpVTE (continued

• The evaluations were not intended to 

– Measure system throughput or speed– Evaluate scanners or other acquisition d– Directly measure performance against v

databases

– Take cost into consideration
FpVTE- Comparison of 

• There is a substantial difference in accuracy 

best systems and the average or worst system

• The most accurate system were submitted b

NEC, SAGAM

• The top tier systems are more consistent in p

than the other systems

– They perform consistently well over a va

and are less affected by fingerprint qualitvariables

• The performance of the most accurate system

verified by SDK testing. 
More Finger Are More A
SDK Tests

Medium scale evaluation 

one-to-one matching for

16 software matchers

20 single finger datasets
Scale of Tests

• Each test involved 36M matches 

Pentium platform.

• Gallery 6K probe 6K• Match time must be less than 10

fingerprint pair

• Each test results in an ROC curv
SDK Testing - 19 Algorit

POE right index, 0.684G m

SD
SDK - Conclusion

• All vendors are sensitive to imag• Three algorithms vendors are cle

effective.

• Combining two fingers will prov

effective one-to-one verification US-VISIT program TAR 99.6% 

• The NIST VTB algorithm is bette

many commercial products.
US-VISIT IDENT Sy

• IDENT is the primary fingerprin

for US-VISIT

• Three functions:

– Watch list checking at enrollment– Duplicate identification check for – One-to-one verification for enrolle
Conclusions On Accu

of US-VISIT

• One-to-One 

– TAR of 99.6% at a FAR of 0.1%.– This has been tested operationally 

800K sample size.

• One-to-Many

– TAR 96% at a FAR of 0.09%– This has been tested on a database 

• The System Works