I

105TH CONGRESS

1ST SESSION H. R. 78

To assess the impact of the NAFTA, to require further negotiations of

certain provisions of the NAFTA, to establish a commission to review

the dispute settlement reports of the World Trade Organization, and

for other purposes.

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

JANUARY 7, 1997

Mr. REGULA introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and in addition to the Committee on Rules, for

a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for

consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned

A BILL

To assess the impact of the NAFTA, to require further

negotiations of certain provisions of the NAFTA, to establish a commission to review the dispute settlement

reports of the World Trade Organization, and for other

purposes.

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘NAFTA Renegotiation

5 and WTO Dispute Settlement Review Commission Act’’.
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1 TITLE I—NAFTA RENEGOTIATION ACT

2 SEC. 101. FINDINGS.

3 The Congress makes the following findings:

4 (1) EXPANDED MARKETS.—One of the purposes

5 of the NAFTA, as stated in the preamble, is to ‘‘cre6 ate an expanded and secure market’’ for goods and

7 services. Instead, the NAFTA has resulted in a spi8 raling trade deficit with Mexico and Canada that ex9 ceeded $30,000,000,000 in 1995; and that had

10 reached $30,000,000,000 at the end of the third

11 quarter of 1996.

12 (2) CURRENCY STABILITY.—One of the pur13 poses of the NAFTA is to ‘‘ensure a predictable

14 commercial framework for business planning and in15 vestment’’. However, the NAFTA contains no safe16 guards to minimize the negative economic impacts of

17 severe shifts in currency exchange rates among the

18 NAFTA parties. To protect its own economy the

19 United States has sought to bolster the Mexican

20 peso which has been supported by $30,000,000,000

21 in loans.

22 (3) NAFTA TO BE RENEGOTIATED.—Based on

23 the experience with the NAFTA since its implemen24 tation, it has become evident that further negotia25 tion is required to resolve fundamental inadequacies
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1 within the NAFTA with respect to trade balances

2 and currency differentials.

3 SEC. 102. RENEGOTIATION OF THE NAFTA.

4 (a) IN GENERAL.—The President is authorized and

5 directed to confer with the Governments of Canada and

6 Mexico and to renegotiate the terms of the NAFTA as

7 described in this subsection by July 31, 1998:

8 (1) RENEGOTIATION OF NAFTA TO CORRECT

9 TRADE DEFICITS.—The President is authorized and

10 directed to confer with the Governments of Canada

11 and Mexico and to renegotiate the terms of the

12 NAFTA to provide for implementation of emergency

13 adjustments of tariffs, quotas, and other measures

14 to stabilize the flow of trade among the NAFTA

15 parties when the United States has an annual deficit

16 in trade of goods and services with another NAFTA

17 party that exceeds 10 percent of the United States

18 exports to that party.

19 (2) RENEGOTIATE THE NAFTA TO CORRECT

20 CURRENCY DISTORTIONS.—The President is author21 ized and directed to confer with the Governments of

22 Canada and Mexico and to renegotiate the terms of

23 the NAFTA to provide for the implementation of

24 emergency adjustments of tariffs, quotas, and other

25 measures to mitigate the adverse effects of rapid or
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1 substantial changes in exchange rates between the

2 United States dollar and the currency of another

3 NAFTA party.

4 SEC. 103. REPORTS ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF NAFTA ON

5 JOBS AND THE ENVIRONMENT.

6 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Commerce and

7 the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agen8 cy are authorized and directed to conduct the studies as

9 described in this subsection and submit them to the Con10 gress by December 31, 1997.

11 (1) REPORT ON DOMESTIC MANUFACTURING

12 AND JOBS.—The Secretary of Commerce, after con13 sultation with the appropriate government agencies,

14 shall determine the levels of exports of United States

15 manufactured goods to the NAFTA parties and im16 ports of manufactured goods from NAFTA parties,

17 and the number of jobs that have resulted from in18 creased exports of manufactured goods to NAFTA

19 parties and the loss of jobs that have resulted from

20 increased imports of manufactured goods from

21 NAFTA parties since January 1, 1994.

22 (2) REPORT RELATING TO HEALTH AND ENVI23 RONMENTAL IMPACTS OF NAFTA.—The Adminis24 trator of the Environmental Protection Agency, in

25 consultation with the Secretarial for the NAFTA
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1 Commission on Environmental Cooperation, shall

2 conduct investigations on whether pollution and

3 health hazards have worsened since January 1, 1994

4 and report to the Congress on the outcomes of the

5 Administration’s investigations on pollution and

6 health hazards in and around the United States7 Mexico border zone since the implementation of the

8 NAFTA. The report shall include—

9 (A) a description and status report of all

10 industrial site cleanup and environmental im11 provement projects begun in the border zone

12 since January 1, 1994; and

13 (B) information on the incidence of air and

14 water pollution since January 1, 1990, and the

15 causes, levels, and types of pollution which have

16 occurred.

17 SEC. 104. CONSULTATION WITH CONGRESS.

18 The President shall consult regularly with the Con19 gress regarding the negotiations described in section 102.

20 The United States Trade Representative shall consult with

21 the appropriate committees of Congress in the develop22 ment of any technical and conforming amendments that

23 may be required to carry out the provisions of this Act.

24 SEC. 105. DEFINITIONS.

25 As used in this Act:
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1 (1) NAFTA.—The term ‘‘NAFTA’’ means the

2 North American Free Trade Agreement entered into

3 the United States, Canada, and Mexico on December

4 17, 1992.

5 (2) NAFTA PARTY.—The term ‘‘NAFTA

6 party’’ means the United States, Canada, or Mexico.

7 (3) UNITED STATES-MEXICO BORDER ZONE.—

8 The term ‘‘United States-Mexico border zone’’

9 means the area that comprises the 12-mile zone on

10 the Mexican side of the United States-Mexico border

11 and the counties within any State of the United

12 States that are contiguous with Mexico.

13 TITLE II—WTO DISPUTE SETTLEMENT

14 REVIEW COMMISSION ACT

15 SEC. 201. CONGRESSIONAL FINDINGS AND PURPOSE.

16 (a) FINDINGS.—The Congress finds the following:

17 (1) The United States joined the World Trade

18 Organization as a founding member with the goal of

19 creating an improved global trading system.

20 (2) The American people must receive assur21 ances that United States sovereignty will be pro22 tected, and United States interests will be advanced,

23 within the global trading system which the WTO will

24 oversee.
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1 (3) The survival of the new WTO requires the

2 continuation of both trade liberalization and the

3 ability to respond effectively to unfair or otherwise

4 harmful trade practices.

5 (4) United States support for the WTO de6 pends upon obtaining mutual trade benefits through

7 the openness of foreign markets and the mainte8 nance of effective United States and WTO remedies

9 against unfair or otherwise harmful trade practices.

10 (5) Congress passed the Uruguay Round Agree11 ments Act based upon its understanding that effec12 tive trade remedies would not be eroded. These rem13 edies are essential to continue the process of opening

14 foreign markets to imports of goods and services and

15 to prevent harm to American industry and agri16 culture, particularly through foreign dumping and

17 subsidization.

18 (6) The continued support of the Congress for

19 the WTO is dependent upon a WTO dispute settle20 ment system that—

21 (A) operates in a fair and impartial man22 ner;

23 (B) does not add to the obligations of or

24 diminish the rights of the United States under

25 the Uruguay Round Agreements; and
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1 (C) does not exceed its authority, scope, or

2 established standard of review.

3 (b) PURPOSE.—It is the purpose of this title to pro4 vide for the establishment of the WTO Dispute Settlement

5 Review Commission to achieve the goals described in sub6 section (a)(6).

7 SEC. 202. ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMISSION.

8 (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established a com9 mission to be known as the WTO Dispute Settlement Re10 view Commission (hereafter in this Act referred to as the

11 ‘‘Commission’’).

12 (b) MEMBERSHIP.—

13 (1) COMPOSITION.—The Commission shall be

14 composed of five members all of whom shall be

15 judges of the Federal judicial circuits and shall be

16 appointed by the President, after consultation with

17 the majority leader and minority leader of the House

18 of Representatives, the majority leader and minority

19 leader of the Senate, the chairman and ranking

20 member of the Committee on Ways and Means of

21 the House of Representatives, and the chairman and

22 ranking member of the Committee on Finance of the

23 Senate.
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1 (2) DATE.—The appointments of the members

2 of the Commission shall be made no later than 60

3 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.

4 (c) PERIOD OF APPOINTMENT; VACANCIES.—

5 (1) IN GENERAL.—Members of the Commission

6 first appointed shall each be appointed for a term of

7 5 years. After the initial 5-year term, three members

8 of the Commission shall be appointed for terms of

9 3 years and the remaining two members shall be ap10 pointed for terms of 2 years.

11 (2) VACANCIES.—

12 (A) IN GENERAL.—Any vacancy on the

13 Commission shall not affect its powers, but

14 shall be filled in the same manner as the origi15 nal appointment and shall be subject to the

16 same conditions as the original appointment.

17 (B) UNEXPIRED TERM.—An individual

18 chosen to fill a vacancy shall be appointed for

19 the unexpired term of the member replaced.

20 (d) INITIAL MEETING.—No later than 30 days after

21 the date on which all members of the Commission have

22 been appointed, the Commission shall hold its first meet23 ing.

24 (e) MEETINGS.—The Commission shall meet at the

25 call of the Chairman.
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1 (f) QUORUM.—A majority of the members of the

2 Commission shall constitute a quorum, but a lesser num3 ber of members may hold hearings.

4 (g) CHAIRMAN AND VICE CHAIRMAN.—The Commis5 sion shall select a Chairman and Vice Chairman from

6 among its members.

7 SEC. 203. DUTIES OF THE COMMISSION.

8 (a) REVIEW OF WTO DISPUTE SETTLEMENT RE9 PORTS.—

10 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Commission shall re11 view—

12 (A) all reports of dispute settlement panels

13 or the Appellate Body of the World Trade Or14 ganization in proceedings initiated by other par15 ties to the WTO which are adverse to the Unit16 ed States and which are adopted by the Dispute

17 Settlement Body, and

18 (B) upon request of the United States

19 Trade Representative, and any other report of

20 a dispute settlement panel or the Appellate

21 Body which is adopted by the Dispute Settle22 ment Body.

23 (2) SCOPE OF REVIEW.—In the case of any re24 port described in paragraph (1), the Commission

25 shall review the report and determine whether—
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1 (A) the panel or the Appellate Body, as the

2 case may be, exceeded its authority or its terms

3 of reference;

4 (B) the panel or the Appellate Body, as

5 the case may be, added to the obligations of or

6 diminished the rights of the United States

7 under the Uruguay Round Agreement which is

8 the subject of the report;

9 (C) the panel or the Appellate Body, as the

10 case may be, acted arbitrarily or capriciously,

11 engaged in misconduct, or demonstrably de12 parted from the procedures specified for panels

13 and the Appellate Body in the applicable Uru14 guay Round Agreement; and

15 (D) the report of the panel or the Appel16 late Body, as the case may be, deviated from

17 the applicable standard of review, including in

18 antidumping, countervailing duty, and other un19 fair trade remedy cases, including the standard

20 of review set forth in article 17.6 of the Agree21 ment on Implementation of article VI of the

22 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994.

23 (3) AFFIRMATIVE DETERMINATION.—If the

24 Commission makes an affirmative determination

25 with respect to the action of a panel or the Appellate
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1 Body under subparagraph (A), (B), (C), or (D) of

2 paragraph (2), the Commission shall determine

3 whether the action of the panel or Appellate Body

4 materially affected the outcome of the report of the

5 panel or Appellate Body.

6 (b) DETERMINATION; REPORT.—

7 (1) DETERMINATION.—No later than 120 days

8 after the date on which a report of a panel or the

9 Appelate Body described in subsection (a)(1) is

10 adopted by the Dispute Settlement Body, the Com11 mission shall make a written determination with re12 spect to matters described in subsections (a)(2) and

13 (a)(3).

14 (2) REPORTS.—The Commission shall report

15 the determinations described in paragraph (1) to the

16 Committee on Ways and Means of the House of

17 Representatives and the Committee on Finance of

18 the Senate.

19 SEC. 204. POWERS OF THE COMMISSION.

20 (a) HEARINGS.—The Commission may hold such

21 hearings, sit and act at such times and places, take such

22 testimony, and receive such evidence as the Commission

23 considers advisable to carry out the purposes of this Act.

24 (b) INFORMATION FROM INTERESTED PARTIES AND

25 FEDERAL AGENCIES.—
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1 (1) NOTICE OF PANEL OR APPELLATE BODY

2 REPORT.—The United States Trade Representative

3 shall advise the Commission no later than 5 days

4 after the date the Dispute Settlement Body adopts

5 the report of a panel or the Appellate Body that is

6 adverse to the United States and shall immediately

7 publish notice of such advice in the Federal Reg8 ister, along with notice of an opportunity for inter9 ested parties to submit.

10 (2) SUBMISSIONS AND REQUESTS FOR INFOR11 MATION.—Any interested party may submit com12 ments to the Commission regarding the panel or Ap13 pellate Body report. The Commission may also se14 cure directly from any Federal department or agency

15 such information as the Commission considers nec16 essary to carry out the provisions of this Act. Upon

17 request of the Chairman of the Commission, the

18 head of such department or agency shall furnish

19 such information to the Commission.

20 (3) ACCESS TO PANEL AND APPELLATE BODY

21 DOCUMENTS.—The United States Trade Representa22 tive shall make available to the Commission all sub23 missions and relevant documents relating to the

24 panel or Appellate Body report, including any infor25 mation contained in such submissions identified by
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1 the provider of the information as proprietary infor2 mation or information treated as confidential by a

3 foreign government.

4 SEC. 205. REVIEW OF DISPUTE SETTLEMENT PROCEDURES

5 AND PARTICIPATION IN THE WTO.

6 (a) AFFIRMATIVE REPORT BY COMMISSION.—

7 (1) IN GENERAL.—If a joint resolution de8 scribed in subsection (b)(1) is enacted into law pur9 suant to the provisions of subsection (c), the United

10 States Trade Representative shall undertake nego11 tiations to amend or modify the rules and proce12 dures of the dispute settlement understanding to

13 which such joint resolution relates.

14 (2) THREE AFFIRMATIVE REPORTS BY COMMIS15 SION.—If a joint resolution described in subsection

16 (b)(2) is enacted into law pursuant to the provisions

17 of subsection (c), the approval of the Congress, pro18 vided under section 101(a) of the Uruguay Round

19 Agreements Act, of the WTO Agreement shall cease

20 to be effective in accordance with the provisions of

21 the joint resolution and the United States shall

22 cease to be a member of the WTO.

23 (b) JOINT RESOLUTION DESCRIBED.—
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1 (1) IN GENERAL.—For purposes of subsection

2 (a)(1), a joint resolution is described in this para3 graph if it is a joint resolution of the two Houses

4 of Congress and the matter after the resolving

5 clause of such a joint resolution is as follows: ‘‘That

6 the Congress authorizes and directs the United

7 States Trade Representative to undertake negotia8 tions to amend or modify the rules and procedures

9 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Gov10 erning the Settlement of Disputes relating to XX

11 with respect to the affirmative determination sub12 mitted to the Congress by the WTO Dispute Settle13 ment Review Commission on XX,’’ the first blank

14 space being filled with the specific rules and proce15 dures with respect to which Trade Representative is

16 to undertake negotiations and the second blank

17 space being filled with the date of the affirmative de18 termination submitted to the Congress by the Com19 mission pursuant to section 4(b) which has given

20 rise to the joint resolution.

21 (2) WITHDRAWAL RESOLUTION.—For purposes

22 of subsection (a)(2), a joint resolution is described

23 in this paragraph if it is a joint resolution of the two

24 Houses of Congress and the matter after the resolv25 ing clause of such joint resolution is as follows:
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1 ‘‘That the Congress authorizes and directs the Unit2 ed States Trade Representative to undertake nego3 tiations to amend or modify the rules and proce4 dures of the Understanding on Rules and Proce5 dures Governing the Settlement of Disputes relating

6 to XX with respect to the affirmative report submit7 ted to the Congress by the WTO Dispute Settlement

8 Review Commission on XX and if such negotiations

9 do not result in a solution that the Trade Represent10 ative, by XX, certifies to the Congress is satisfac11 tory, the Congress withdraws its approval, provided

12 under section 101(a) of the Uruguay Round Agree13 ments Act, of the WTO Agreement as defined in

14 section 2(9) of the Act’’, the first blank space being

15 filled with the specific rules and procedures with re16 spect to which the Trade Representative is to under17 take negotiations, the second blank space being filled

18 with the date of the affirmative determination sub19 mitted to the Congress by the Commission pursuant

20 to section 4(b) which has given rise to the joint reso21 lution, and the third blank space being filled with

22 the date the Congress withdraws its approval of the

23 WTO Agreement.

24 (c) PROCEDURAL PROVISIONS.—
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1 (1) IN GENERAL.—The requirements of this

2 subsection are met if the joint resolution is enacted

3 in accordance with this subsection, and—

4 (A) in the case of a joint resolution de5 scribed in subsection (b)(1), the Congress

6 adopts and transmits the joint resolution to the

7 President before the end of the 90-day period

8 (excluding any day described in section 154(b)

9 of the Trade Act of 1974) beginning on the

10 date on which the Congress receives an affirma11 tive determination from the Commission de12 scribed in section 4(b), or

13 (B) in the case of a joint resolution de14 scribed in subsection (b)(2), the Commission

15 has made 3 affirmative determinations de16 scribed in section 4(b) during a 5-year period,

17 and the Congress adopts and transmits the

18 joint resolution to the President before the end

19 of the 90-day period (excluding any day de20 scribed in section 154(b) of the Trade Act of

21 1974) beginning on the date on which the Con22 gress receives the third such affirmative deter23 mination.

24 (2) PRESIDENTIAL VETO.—In any case in

25 which the President vetoes the joint resolution, the
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1 requirements of this subsection are met if each

2 House of Congress votes to override that veto on or

3 before the later of the last day of the 90-day period

4 referred to in subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph

5 (1), whichever is applicable, or the last day of the

6 15-day period (excluding any day described in sec7 tion 154(b) of the Trade Act of 1974) beginning on

8 the date on which the Congress receives the veto

9 message from the President.

10 (3) INTRODUCTION.—

11 (A) TIME.—A joint resolution to which

12 this section applies may be introduced at any

13 time on or after the date on which the Commis14 sion transmits to the Congress an affirmative

15 determination described in section 4(b), and be16 fore the end of the 90-day period referred to in

17 subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (1), as

18 the case may be.

19 (B) ANY MEMBER MAY INTRODUCE.—A

20 joint resolution described in subsection (b) may

21 be introduced in either House of the Congress

22 by any Member of such House.

23 (4) EXPEDITED PROCEDURES.—
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1 (A) GENERAL RULE.—Subject to the pro2 visions of this subsection, the provisions of sub3 sections (b), (d), (e), and (f) of section 152 of

4 the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2192 (b),

5 (d), (e), and (f)) apply to joint resolutions de6 scribed in subsection (b) to the same extent as

7 such provisions apply to resolutions under such

8 section.

9 (B) REPORT OF DISCHARGE OF COMMIT10 TEE.—If the committee of either House to

11 which a joint resolution has been referred has

12 not reported it by the close of the 45th day

13 after its introduction (excluding any day de14 scribed in section 154(d) of the Trade Act of

15 1974), such committee shall be automatically

16 discharged from further consideration of the

17 joint resolution and it shall be placed on the ap18 propriate calendar.

19 (C) FINANCE AND WAYS AND MEANS COM20 MITTEES.—It is not in order for—

21 (i) the Senate to consider any joint

22 resolution unless it has been reported by

23 the Committee on Finance or the commit24 tee has been discharged under subpara25 graph (B); or
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1 (ii) the House of Representatives to

2 consider any joint resolution unless it has

3 been reported by the Committee on Ways

4 and Means or the committee has been dis5 charged under subparagraph (B).

6 (D) SPECIAL RULES FOR HOUSE.—A mo7 tion in the House of Representatives to proceed

8 to the consideration of a joint resolution may

9 only be made on the second legislative day after

10 the calendar day on which the Member making

11 the motion announces to the House his or her

12 intention to do so.

13 (5) CONSIDERATION OF SECOND RESOLUTION

14 NOT IN ORDER.—It shall not be in order in either

15 the House of Representatives or the Senate to con16 sider a joint resolution (other than a joint resolution

17 received from the other House), if that House has

18 previously adopted a joint resolution under this sec19 tion relating to the same matter.

20 (d) RULES OF HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AND

21 SENATE.—This section is enacted by the Congress—

22 (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of

23 the House of Representatives and the Senate, re24 spectively, and as such is deemed a part of the rules
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1 of each House, respectively, and such procedures su2 persede other rules only to the extent that they are

3 inconsistent with such other rules; and

4 (2) with the full recognition of the constitu5 tional right of either House to change the rules (so

6 far as relating to the procedures of that House) at

7 any time, in the same manner, and to the same ex8 tent as any other rule of that House.

9 SEC. 206. PARTICIPATION IN WTO PANEL PROCEEDINGS.

10 (a) IN GENERAL.—If the United States Trade Rep11 resentative, in proceedings before a dispute settlement

12 panel or the Appellate Body of the WTO, seeks—

13 (1) to enforce United States rights under a

14 multilateral trade agreement; or

15 (2) to defend a challenged action or determina16 tion of the United States Government;

17 a private United States person that is supportive of the

18 United States Government’s position before the panel or

19 Appellate Body and that has a direct economic interest

20 in the panel’s or Appellate Body’s resolution of the mat21 ters in dispute shall be permitted to participate in con22 sultations and panel proceedings. The Trade Representa23 tive shall issue regulations, consistent with subsections (b)

24 and (c), ensuring full and effective participation by any

25 such private person.
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1 (b) ACCESS TO INFORMATION.—The United States

2 Trade Representative shall make available to persons de3 scribed in subsection (a) all information presented to or

4 otherwise obtained by the Trade Representative in connec5 tion with a WTO dispute settlement proceeding. The Unit6 ed States Trade Representative shall promulgate regula7 tions implementing a protective order system to protect

8 information designated by the submitting member as con9 fidential.

10 (c) PARTICIPATION IN PANEL PROCESS.—Upon re11 quest from a person described in subsection (a), the Unit12 ed States Trade Representative shall—

13 (1) consult in advance with such person regard14 ing the content of written submissions from the

15 United States to the WTO panel concerned or to the

16 other member countries involved;

17 (2) include, where appropriate, such person or

18 its appropriate representative as an advisory mem19 ber of the delegation in sessions of the dispute set20 tlement panel;

21 (3) allow such special delegation member, where

22 such member would bring special knowledge to the

23 proceeding, to appear before the panel, directly or

24 through counsel, under the supervision of respon25 sibility United States Government officials; and
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1 (4) in proceedings involving confidential infor2 mation, allow appearance of such person only

3 through counsel as a member of the special delega4 tion.

5 SEC. 207. DEFINITIONS.

6 For purposes of this Act:

7 (1) APPELLATE BODY.—The term ‘‘Appellate

8 Body’’ means the Appellate Body established under

9 article 17.1 of the Dispute Settlement Understand10 ing.

11 (2) ADVERSE TO THE UNITED STATES.—The

12 term ‘‘adverse to the United States’’ includes any re13 port which holds any law, regulation, or application

14 thereof by a government agency to be inconsistent

15 with international obligations under a Uruguay

16 Round Agreement (or a nullification or impairment

17 thereof), whether or not there are other elements of

18 the decision which favor arguments made by the

19 United States.

20 (3) DISPUTE SETTLEMENT PANEL; PANEL.—

21 The terms ‘‘dispute settlement panel’’ and ‘‘panel’’

22 mean a panel established pursuant to article 6 of the

23 Dispute Settlement Understanding.
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1 (4) DISPUTE SETTLEMENT BODY.—The term

2 ‘‘Dispute Settlement Body’’ means the Dispute Set3 tlement Body administering the rules and proce4 dures set forth in the Dispute Settlement Under5 standing.

6 (5) DISPUTE SETTLEMENT UNDERSTANDING.—

7 The term ‘‘Dispute Settlement Understanding’’

8 means the understanding on rules and procedures

9 governing the settlement of disputes referred to in

10 section 101(d)(16) of the Uruguay Round Agree11 ments Act.

12 (6) URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENT.—The term

13 ‘‘Uruguay Round Agreement’’ means any of the

14 agreements described in section 101(d) of the Uru15 guay Round Agreements Act.

16 (7) WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION; WTO.—The

17 term ‘‘World Trade Organization’’ and ‘‘WTO’’

18 mean the organization established pursuant to the

19 WTO Agreement.

20 (8) WTO AGREEMENT.—The term ‘‘WTO

21 Agreement’’ means the Agreement Establishing the

22 World Trade Organization entered into on April 15,

23 1994.

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