WO 

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

DISTRICT OF ARIZONA 

 United States of America 

 v. 

 Efrain Cruz Villalva 

ORDER OF DETENTION PENDING TRIAL

Case Number: 15-1716MJ 

In accordance with the Bail Reform Act, 18 U.S.C. § 3142(f), a detention hearing has been submitted to the Court. 

I conclude that the following facts are established: (Check one or both, as applicable.) 

☐ by clear and convincing evidence the defendant is a danger to the community and require the detention of 

the defendant pending trial in this case. 

☒ by a preponderance of the evidence the defendant is a serious flight risk and require the detention of the 

defendant pending trial in this case. 

PART I -- FINDINGS OF FACT 

☐ (1) 18 U.S.C. § 3142 (e)(2)(A): The defendant has been convicted of a (federal offense)(state or local 

offense that would have been a federal offense if a circumstance giving rise to federal jurisdiction 

had existed) that is: 

 

☐ a crime of violence as defined in 18 U.S.C. § 3156(a)(4). 

 

☐ an offense for which the maximum sentence is life imprisonment or death. 

☐ an offense for which a maximum term of imprisonment of ten years or more is prescribed in .1

☐ a felony that was committed after the defendant had been convicted of two or more prior federal 

offenses described in 18 U.S.C. § 3142(f)(1)(A)-(C), or comparable state or local offenses. 

☐ any felony that involves a minor victim or that involves the possession or use of a firearm or 

destructive device (as those terms are defined in section 921), or any other dangerous weapon, or 

involves a failure to register under 18 U.S.C. §2250. 

☐ (2) 18 U.S.C. § 3142(e)(2)(B): The offense described in finding 1 was committed while the 

defendant was on release pending trial for a federal, state or local offense. 

☐ (3) 18 U.S.C. § 3142(e)(2)(C): A period of not more than five years has elapsed since the (date of 

 conviction)(release of the defendant from imprisonment) for the offense described in finding 1. 

☐ (4) Findings Nos. (1), (2) and (3) establish a rebuttable presumption that no condition or 

combination of conditions will reasonably assure the safety of (an)other person(s) and the 

community. I further find that the defendant has not rebutted this presumption. 

 

 1

 Insert as applicable: (a) Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. § 801 et seq.); (b) Controlled Substances Import and Export Act (21 

U.S.C. § 951 et seq.); or (c) Section 1 of Act of Sept. 15, 1980 (21 U.S.C. § 955a). 

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ALTERNATIVE FINDINGS 

☐ (1) 18 U.S.C. 3142(e)(3): There is probable cause to believe that the defendant has committed an 

offense: 

☐ for which a maximum term of imprisonment of ten years or more is prescribed in 

 .1

 

☐ under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c), 956(a), or 2332b. 

☐ under 18 U.S.C. 1581-1594, for which a maximum term of imprisonment of 20 years or more is 

 prescribed. 

☐ an offense involving a minor victim under section .2

☐ (2) The defendant has not rebutted the presumption established by finding 1 that no condition or 

combination of conditions will reasonably assure the appearance of the defendant as required and 

the safety of the community. 

ALTERNATIVE FINDINGS 

☒ (1) There is a serious risk that the defendant will flee; no condition or combination of conditions will 

 reasonably assure the appearance of the defendant as required. 

☐ (2) No condition or combination of conditions will reasonably assure the safety of others and the 

community. 

☐ (3) There is a serious risk that the defendant will (obstruct or attempt to obstruct justice) (threaten, 

 injure, or intimidate a prospective witness or juror). 

☐ (4) . 

PART II -- WRITTEN STATEMENT OF REASONS FOR DETENTION

(Check one or both, as applicable.)

☐ (1) I find that the credible testimony and information3

 submitted at the hearing establishes by clear and 

 convincing evidence as to danger that: 

 . 

☒ (2) I find by a preponderance of the evidence as to risk of flight that: 

☒ The defendant is not a citizen of the United States. 

☐ The defendant, at the time of the charged offense, was in the United States illegally. 

☒ The defendant has no significant contacts in the United States or in the District of Arizona. 

 

 1

 Insert as applicable: (a) Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. § 801 et seq.); (b) Controlled Substances Import and Export Act (21 

U.S.C. § 951 et seq.); or (c) Section 1 of Act of Sept. 15, 1980 (21 U.S.C. § 955a). 

2

 Insert as applicable 18 U.S.C. §§1201, 1591,2241-42, 2244(a)(1), 2245, 2251, 2251A, 2252(a)(1), 2252(a)(2), 2252(a)(3, 2252(a)(4), 

2260, 2421, 2422, 2423, or 2425. 

3

 The rules concerning admissibility of evidence in criminal trials do not apply to the presentation and consideration of information at 

the [detention] hearing. 18 U.S.C. § 3142(f). See 18 U.S.C. § 3142(g) for the factors to be taken into account. 

Case 2:15-mj-01716-JFM Document 8 Filed 10/06/15 Page 2 of 3
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☒ The defendant has no resources in the United States from which he/she might make a bond 

 reasonably calculated to assure his/her future appearance. 

☐ The defendant has a prior criminal history. 

☒ The defendant lives and works in Mexico. 

☐ The defendant is an amnesty applicant but has no substantial ties in Arizona or in the 

 United States and has substantial family ties to Mexico. 

☐ There is a record of prior failure to appear in court as ordered. 

☐ The defendant attempted to evade law enforcement contact by fleeing from law 

 enforcement. 

☐ The defendant is facing a minimum mandatory of incarceration and a maximum of . 

☐ The defendant does not dispute the information contained in the Pretrial Services Report, except: 

 

☒ In addition: 

The defendant submitted the issue to the Court. 

The Court incorporates by reference the findings of the Pretrial Services Agency which were reviewed by the Court 

at the time of the hearing in this matter. 

PART III -- DIRECTIONS REGARDING DETENTION

The defendant is committed to the custody of the Attorney General or his/her designated representative for 

confinement in a corrections facility separate, to the extent practicable, from persons awaiting or serving sentences 

or being held in custody pending appeal. The defendant shall be afforded a reasonable opportunity for private 

consultation with defense counsel. On order of a court of the United States or on request of an attorney for the 

Government, the person in charge of the corrections facility shall deliver the defendant to the United States Marshal 

for the purpose of an appearance in connection with a court proceeding. 

PART IV -- APPEALS AND THIRD PARTY RELEASE

IT IS ORDERED that should an appeal of this detention order be filed with the District Court, it is counsel’s 

responsibility to deliver a copy of the motion for review/reconsideration to Pretrial Services at least one day prior to 

the hearing set before the District Court. Pursuant to Rule 59(a), FED.R.CRIM.P., effective December 1, 2009, 

defendant shall have fourteen (14) days from the date of service of a copy of this order or after the oral order is 

stated on the record within which to file specific written objections with the District Court. Failure to timely file 

objections in accordance with Rule 59(a) may waive the right to review. 59(a), FED.R.CRIM.P. 

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that if a release to a third party is to be considered, it is counsel’s responsibility to 

notify Pretrial Services sufficiently in advance of the hearing before the District Court to allow Pretrial Services an 

opportunity to interview and investigate the potential third party custodian. 

 

 Dated this 5th day of October, 2015. 

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