Solar electrical generating plants operator and field technicians training
Department of Defense (DoD) large complex systems training

Duration: 24

PROPOSAL 22-2- T7.04-1851
NUMBER:

PHASE 1 80NSSC22PA953
CONTRACT
NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: Lunar Surface Site Preparation

PROPOSAL TITLE: Bulk Regolith Handling Technologies for Landing/Launch Pad Site Preparation and Blast
Shield Construction

Small Business Concern

Firm: Astroport Space Technologies, Inc.
Address: 110 East Houston Street, 7th Floor, San Antonio, TX 78205 - 2990
Phone: (210) 404-2981

Research Institution:

Name: The University of Texas at San Antonio
Address: One UTSA Circle, TX 78249 - 1644
Phone: (210) 458-6472

Principal Investigator:

Name: Sam Ximenes

E-mail: sam@astroportspace.com

Address: 110 E. Houston Street, 7th Floor, TX 78205 - 2990
Phone: (210) 404-2981

Business Official:

Name: Sam Ximenes
E-mail: sam@astroportspace.com
Address: 110 E. Houston Street, 7th Floor, TX 78205 - 2990

Phone: (210) 404-2981



Principal Investigator:

Name: Ms. Brenda Egan

E-mail: preaward@rsp.wisc.edu

Address: 21 N. Park St., Suite 6301, WI 53715 - 1215
Phone: (608) 262-3822

Business Official:

Name: Dimitrios Apostolopoulos
E-mail: da1v@protoinnovations.com
Address: 100 43 Street, PA 15201 - 3100
Phone: (412) 916-8807

Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 3
End: 5
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

University of Wisconsin-Madison (UWM) in collaboration with ProtoInnovations propose to
architect, design, develop, and validate a high-fidelity modeling and sensors simulation software
and perception algorithms for surface hazard detection in harsh lunar-like environments. The
space robotics community currently lacks an end-to-end software suite that simulates the
appearance and granular-terrain mechanics of lunar-like environments. As NASA prepares for
progressively complex and longer future lunar surface missions, surface robot systems will
require higher performance and autonomy capabilities to carry out mission-critical tasks. This
includes performing reliably and traversing successfully through previously unexplored lunar
terrain in harsh environments. To achieve this, perception algorithms will need to advance to
enable high-performance autonomy in dynamic lunar surface conditions.

Phase II of this STTR, will further mature the simulation platform to generate higher fidelity data
leading to the development and maturation of perception algorithms for detecting terrain
hazards. The focus during Phase II will mainly be on the following:

1. Further improve the simulation platform to generate higher fidelity perception data

2. Develop a unified perception system to detect excessive wheel sinkage and embedded
obstacles near the rover’s wheels

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

The advanced perception capabilities and associated technologies developed with this project
boast several important advantages relevant to efficient and safe autonomous operation of
robotic exploration systems. The development of an advanced simulation framework will also
inform and enable the development of newer, high-performance rover systems for the Moon and
Mars.

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):



Name: David Kortenkamp

E-mail: korten@traclabs.com
Address: 100 Northeast Interstate 410 Loop #520, TX 78216 - 4727
Phone: (281) 461-7886

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :
Begin: 4

End: 5

Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

We propose the Multi-Agent Anomaly Resolution System (MaARS) for Automated Fault
Detection, Diagnostics and Recovery (AFDD-R). Of specific interest is how MaARS can use
robotic agents to support the operation & maintenance of habitats on lunar or planetary surfaces
or in orbital stations such as Gateway when no human crew is present. Managing such remote
robotic agents and spacecraft in the presence of severe communication constraints and limited
situational awareness presents a number of challenges---particularly when unexpected faults
may require immediate detection and response. To address these challenges, MaARS combines
TRACLabs' PHARAOH system for integrating autonomous and semi-autonomous robotic assets
into remote mission processes with the Texas A&M University DAPHNE-Anomaly Treatment
system. The resulting MaARS system provides an end-to-end solution that can monitor telemetry
and perform trend analysis to identify anomalies, provide a recommendation on a resolution
based on a knowledge graph relating likely root causes to anomalies, and leverage robotic
assets to remedy the likely faults. In our Phase | effort, we determined the requirements for
MaARS and devised a suitable Concept of Operations. We developed a candidate proof-of-
concept implementation that allowed Daphne to invoke and monitor PHARAOH procedures to
support diagnostics---which in turn coordinated the activity of a simulated Astrobee robotic agent
to perform a number of information gathering and inspection activities. We also identified a
number of dimensions in which the Daphne tool-chain could be extended to engage robotic
assets to perform autonomous iterative diagnoses until a confident root cause analysis is made,
and to perform repair and recovery tasks using a library of PHARAOH procedure-based skills. In
the Phase II work, we will develop the full MaARS prototype and demonstrate the system's
capabilities in a number of NASA-relevant contexts.

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

Multiple near-term missions could benefit from the MaARS technology including ISS/Gateway
robots such as Astrobee or next generation IVA manipulators, or Artemis surface robots including
the LSMS, VIPER, and RASSOR platforms. Future systems that could benefit from this work
includes the in-Space Assembled Telescope (iSAT), Orbital Debris Mitigation, Commercial Lunar
Payload Services (CLPS), Mars sample return, Discovery and New Frontiers, exploration
mission opportunities like Titan or Europa, and various STMD technology demonstrations.

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):

With the advent of so many commercial space missions, the MaARS technology could also
serve to enhance a number of non-NASA efforts that include remote robotic operations for
maintaining remote spacecraft (on the surface or in orbit) by Blue Origin, Axiom Space,
Nanoracks, Lockheed, GKN Aerospace, Lunar Outpost, Motive Space Systems, Tethers, Spirit
Aerosystems, Astrobotic, GM, and Boeing.



NUMBER:
SUBTOPIC TITLE: Climate Enhancing Resource Utilization

PROPOSAL TITLE:  Single-step production of kerosene-based fuels from carbon dioxide and hydrogen

Small Business Concern

Firm: Air Company Holdings Inc
Address: 407 Johnson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11206 - 2805
Phone: (347) 927-4255

Research Institution:

Name: New York University
Address: 665 Broadway, Suite 801, NY 10012 - 2339
Phone: (212) 998-2121

Principal Investigator:

Name: Stafford Sheehan

E-mail: staff@aircompany.com

Address: 407 Johnson Ave, NY 11206 - 2805
Phone: (347) 927-4255

Business Official:

Name: Dr. Pat Ward

E-mail: pat.ward@aircompany.com

Address: 407 Johnson Avenue, NY 11206 - 2805
Phone: (910) 850-7591

Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 5
End: 7
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

Air Company has developed carbon dioxide hydrogenation technology that produces paraffins
(C8-C16 and higher) in a single step using only carbon dioxide and hydrogen gases as
feedstock. The hydrogen gas is sourced using renewably powered water electrolysis; thus the



Principal Investigator:

Name: Myles Baker

E-mail: mbaker@m4-engineering.com

Address: 4020 Long Beach Boulevard, CA 90807 - 2683
Phone: (562) 305-3391

Business Official:

Name: Kevin Roughen

E-mail: kroughen@m4-engineering.com

Address: 4020 Long Beach Boulevard, CA 90807 - 2683
Phone: (562) 981-7797

Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 5
End: 7
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

With the advent of automated tow placement and additive manufacturing, a designer of
composite structures must deal with not only an enormous design space, but also perform a
highly complex and computationally expensive analysis to determine what is a “good” design
and to simulate the structural behavior. In the isotropic world of metals, there has independently
been a tremendous amount of research (and success) in the development of topology
optimization tools that develop design concepts that are not always obvious a priori, but that
offer significant performance advantages and (with additive manufacturing) are often cheap and
easy to produce. Topology optimization algorithms use a fictitious density in each finite element
as a design variable, and usually optimize this “density” to find the best places to leave material
in place (density 100%), and the best places to remove it (density 0%). This problem has some
fundamental similarities to the design of a composite part with AFP — since AFP is essentially an
additive manufacturing process, we have tight control of where to add material (and where not
to) for a given ply. Our innovation extends the topology optimization approach to apply to
optimum design of manufacturable AFP structures. The objective of the proposed design tool
will be to optimize the tow steered laminate fiber path directly for a representative composite
curved panel. As an example, a cylindrical panel with a cutout, and subjected to complex
pressure and in-plane loads will be considered. The tool will be integrated with Siemens
NX/NASTRAN, and eventually may be integrated into tools such as Simcenter3D and Fibersim.

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

Highly tailored composite structures for any vehicle.

Spacecraft structures with stringent strength, stiffness, and stability requirements
Aircraft structure (wing skins, control surfaces, pressure vessels)

Launch vehicle structures

Science payload structures

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):

¢ Commercial and military aircraft applications
¢ High performance ground vehicles (e.g. racing)



Small Business Concern

Firm: Astrobotic Technology, Inc.
Address: 1016 North Lincoln Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15233 - 2132
Phone: (412) 682-3282

Research Institution:

Name: Carnegie Mellon University
Address: 5000 Forbes Ave., PA 15213 - 3890
Phone: (678) 365-1243

Principal Investigator:

Name: Kyle Lassak

E-mail: kyle.lassak@astrobotic.com

Address: 1016 North Lincoln Avenue, 15233 - 2132
Phone: (412) 682-3282

Business Official:

Name: Andrew Horchler

E-mail: andrew.horchler@astrobotic.com
Address: 1016 N Lincoln Ave, PA 15233 - 2132
Phone: (216) 272-3882

Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 3
End: 5
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

DALEC is a robust distributed localization system for real-time state estimation and mapping of
networked members including spacecraft, rovers, and even astronauts in GPS-denied
environments such as the lunar surface. DALEC is an innovative state estimation framework
based on state-of-the-art factor graph methods combined with a wireless communication system
leveraging efficient mesh networking protocols that together can be used to localize agents with
various sensing modalities (e.g., visual odometry, LIDAR). A distributed system like DALEC
offers spacecraft and rover networks an inherently more robust and reliable means of
localization compared to centralized methods utilizing a central processing node, reducing
mission and program risk by eliminating a potential single point of failure.



Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 4
End: 5
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

The Phase 2 effort further refines our Phase 1 defined CONOPS and system architecture for a
lunar launch/landing pad (LLP) construction operation based on a clear description of the
envisioned fleet of fixed and mobile robotic systems and how it will evolve from the first landing,
and lunar operations needed to prepare the equipment to survive the first lunar night after
landing and extraction from the lander. It then establishes how the LLP facility construction would
take place with specific attention to the general LLP construction site layout, site setup, pad
pavement construction with in-situ produced bricks from molten regolith, and finally LLP
protective berm construction.

The CONOPS considers how the extensive and high-value robotic construction equipment suite
could be redeployed after the LLP is complete. This includes providing local logistics support
such as lander unloading and equipment delivery from its unloaded location to its destination on
the Moon, supporting Lunar Base operations, constructing new infrastructure, and mining
operations to extract resources for use on the Moon.

Civil engineering processes and geotechnical assessments for bulk regolith manipulations and
conveyance are further developed for LLP construction using an an end-to-end system
architecture approach. Specific areas of innovation include:

¢ A bulk regolith distribution system for hauling excavated regolith, processing at a sorting
station, and sieving for feedstock production for the LLP brickmaking robots

¢ Definition of multiple autonomous machines and enabling machine-to-machine
collaboration

¢ Site layout with traverse distance and path optimization
« Physics-based terra-mechanics simulations of vehicles and tool implements
e Aphysics-engine for plume flow surface interactions

« Prototype universal tool-implement payload adapter for interchangeable functions of the
robot mobility platform

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

Research results will be highly relevant and applicable to multiple lunar surface construction
projects: Lunar Landing Pads (LLP), roads, parking / industrial yards, foundations.

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):

Outside of the primary space markets, applications for selected technologies developed under
this project may exist in:

« Global land mine / buried ordnance clearance operations

¢ Terrestrial infrastructure (roads and bridges) repair and maintenance
¢ Erosion protection (hill slopes and river banks)

¢ Environmental remediation

Duration: 24



interoperability between human-in-the-loop navigation and control and autonomy stacks
implemented on deployed platforms.

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

TATERS focuses on transitioning technologies into the Moon to Mars mission such as
coordination of in-situ autonomous robotic platforms and vehicles, the transition path into
mission planning and autonomy stacks for platforms used in scientific, exploration, and site
construction mission, and human mission support tasks. The collaborative autonomy enabled by
TATERS is a necessary step towards development of vanguard robotic teams that can proceed
ahead of human teams in missions in extreme environments.

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):

TATERS can be used in terrestrial environments, by enabling collaborative autonomy of field
robotics in unstructured environments, such as firefighting, disaster response, maritime, and
defense applications. The graph representation used to store environmental information was
developed to be easily stored, modified, and shared, making them well-suited products for
distributed low-SWAP systems.

Duration: 24

PROPOSAL 22-2- T11.06-2113
NUMBER:

PHASE 1 80NSSC22PA972
CONTRACT
NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: Extended Reality (Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, Mixed Reality, and Hybrid Reality)

PROPOSAL TITLE: Photorealistic EVA Simulation and Analytics for Real-Time Digital Twin Environments

Small Business Concern

Firm: Buendea,LLC.
Address: 24 SW 22nd Road, Miami, FL 33129 - 1507
Phone: (305) 510-7868

Research Institution:

Name: University of Central Florida
Address: 4000 Central Florida Blvd, FL 32816 -
Phone: (407) 823-2341

Principal Investigator:



Begin: 5
End: 6
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

Wayfarer Aircraft and Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University propose to use a 35% scale aircraft
to gather aerodynamic flight test data for a novel type of distributed electric propulsion called the
Integrated High Lift Propulsor (IHLP).

The IHLP substantially increases cruise efficiency and reduces the thrust and power required for
lift augmentation via blowing. As a fundamental aerodynamic device, the IHLP is applicable to
many aircraft types, sizes, and missions, including uncrewed and piloted Advanced Air Mobility,
public safety, and military applications.

The overall program will characterize the aerodynamic performance of the IHLP with variation of
key parameters using a flexible design that enables rapid between-flight configuration changes.
Automated control effector inputs for system identification and a research quality instrumentation
system will be used to characterize aero-propulsive interaction. The incremental effects of the
modification will be demonstrated by collecting both 35% scale and full-scale baseline flight test
data, using Embry-Riddle's existing instrumented research aircraft.

The flight test program will clear technical risk and validate key technical objectives to proceed to
full-scale flight test and commercial adoption. The research program will also advance flight test
techniques for aircraft with strong aero-propulsive coupling and provide high-quality
experimental data. This data, combined with Wayfarer's CFD and wind tunnel data, will validate
and improve design and analysis tools used by NASA and industry.

This Phase II project will leverage Wayfarer's CFD and wind-tunnel based IHLP research
combined with Embry-Riddle's extensive hybrid/electric flight research experience and capability
to gather high quality, full scale representative experimental data with broad industry relevance.
Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

The proposed research 1) supports the objectives of the NASAARMD Strategic Implementation
Plan for ultra efficient subsonic aircraft in addition to supporting safe, quiet and affordable
Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) vehicles, 2) advances technology to increase aircraft efficiency and
reduce GHG (NASA Climate Action Plan Priority 5), and 3) supplies research quality validation
data for the Transformational Tools and Technologies Project (TTT)

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):

The IHLP substantially increases cruise efficiency while reducing the thrust and power required
for Distributed Electric Propulsion, resulting in higher performance, more efficient and more
economical aircraft in defense, public safety roles such as disaster response and air ambulance,
and many civil markets including super STOL, thin-haul, regional mobility, and short haul cargo.

Duration: 24
PROPOSAL 22-2- T7.05-1301
NUMBER:
PHASE 1 80NSSC22PA933

CONTRACT



In this Phase II effort Astrobotic with CMU, will mature and extend the Phase | DALEC software,
APIs, and core distributed localization algorithms, develop models of UWB ranging and wireless
comms protocols, enhance simulation tools and deploy DALEC software to relevant embedded
compute to iteratively test and improve performance in support of demonstrating system
performance through hardware-in-the-loop, robotic motion capture, and field testing.

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

Akey near-term mission need and use case for DALEC is robust localization and tracking for
heterogenous teams of crew, rovers, and assets/instruments on the lunar surface. Extravehicular
Activity and Human Surface Mobility Program (EHP) is evaluating candidate technologies that
augment astronaut navigation knowledge during extravehicular activities (EVA). DALEC’s robust
distributed localization is ideally suited to support multiple astronauts while also tracking location
of multiple rovers and science instruments.

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):
DALEC has potential applications beyond NASA, including commercial space companies.
Astrobotic will be able to utilize this technology in its' CubeRover product line. Providing these

rovers with higher accuracy location estimates would allow for a larger suite of swarm-based
missions.

Duration: 24

PROPOSAL 22-2- T4.01-2647
NUMBER:

PHASE 1 80NSSC22PB163
CONTRACT
NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: Information Technologies for Intelligent and Adaptive Space Robotics

PROPOSAL TITLE: A Software Framework for Advancing Perception Capabilities for Rovers Operating in
Harsh Lunar Environments

Small Business Concern

Firm: Protoinnovations, LLC
Address: 100 43rd Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15201 - 3100
Phone: (412) 916-8807

Research Institution:

Name: University of Wisconsin-Madison
Address: 21/N. Park St., Suite 6301, WI 53715 - 1215
Phone: (608) 262-3822



Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):
Squeezed light

Quantum Sensing
Transition edge detectors

Quantum Communications
Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):

Quantum Networking
Entanglement swapping
Integrated Photonics
Frequency Conversion

Electro-optic modulators

Duration: 24

PROPOSAL 22-2- T11.06-2398
NUMBER:

PHASE 1 80NSSC22PB226
CONTRACT
NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: Extended Reality (Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, Mixed Reality, and Hybrid Reality)

PROPOSAL TITLE: Shared immersive XR Hyper-Realistic Environment for Extravehicular Activity Surface
Operations

Small Business Concern

Firm: Tietronix Software, Inc.
Address: 1331 Gemini Avenue, Suite 300, Houston, TX 77058 - 2794
Phone: (281) 461-9300

Research Institution:

Name: University of Houston
Address: 212 E. Cullen Building, TX 77204 - 2015



Firm: Blue Ridge Research and Consulting
Address: 29 North Market Street, Suite 700, Asheville, NC 28801 - 2983
Phone: (828) 252-2209

Research Institution:

Name: The Pennsylvania State University
Address: 110 Technology Building, PA 16802 - 7000
Phone: (814) 865-6720

Principal Investigator:

Name: Juliet Page

E-mail: Juliet.Page@BlueRidgeResearch.com
Address: 29 N Market St, Suite 700, NC 28801 - 2983
Phone: (410) 507-0764

Business Official:

Name: Josh Mellon

E-mail: josh.mellon@blueridgeresearch.com
Address: 29 N Market St, Suite 700, NC 28801 - 2983
Phone: (828) 252-2209

Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 5
End: 7
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

Current state-of-the-art aeroacoustic models for multi-rotor electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing
(eVTOL) aircraft lack sufficient validation against full-scale measurements. This research will
advance the state of the art by expanding the capabilities of current aeroacoustic models and by
acquiring research-quality acoustic measurements of Archer Aviation’s full-scale, multi-rotor
eVTOL aircraft, Midnight. These innovations will meet NASA's need to validate aeroacoustic
models for full-scale, multi-rotor eVTOL aircraft. Validated aeroacoustic models will enable NASA
and the advanced air mobility industry to identify vehicle configurations and operations that drive
community noise, expand the understanding of eVTOL acoustic emissions, and accelerate the
design cycle of full-scale eVTOL aircraft.

Blue Ridge Research and Consulting (BRRC) is partnered with The Pennsylvania State
University to acquire research-quality acoustic measurements and to validate aeroacoustic
models of full-scale, multi-rotor eVTOL aircraft. The team will expand the capabilities of state-of-
the-art aeroacoustic models to better predict rotor-rotor and rotor-structure interactions,



PHASE 1 80NSSC22PB144
CONTRACT
NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: __ Textiles for Extreme Surface Environments and High Oxygen Atmospheres

PROPOSAL TITLE: Spacesuit Cover against the Abrasive Lunar Environment (SCALE) & eXploration Textile
for high Oxygen eNvironments (xTON)

Small Business Concern

Firm: Paragon Space Development Corporation
Address: 3481 East Michigan Street, Tucson, AZ 85714 - 2221
Phone: (520) 903-1000

Research Institution:

Name: North Carolina State University at Raleigh
Address: Wilson College of Textiles NC State-TECS, Campus Box 8301, NC 27606 - 8301
Phone: (919) 515-0257

Principal Investigator:

Name: Dr. Wei Gao

E-mail: wgao5@ncsu.edu

Address: Wilson College of Textiles NC State-TECS, Campus Box 8301, NC 27606 - 8301
Phone: (919) 515-0257

Business Official:

Name: Elizabeth Hernandez

E-mail: ehernandez@paragonsdc.com

Address: 3481 East Michigan Street, AZ 85714 - 2221
Phone: (520) 382-1790

Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 3
End: 4
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):



Name: Regents of the University of Colorado
Address: 3100 Marine Street, Room 481, 572 UCB, CO 80303 - 1058
Phone: (303) 735-6692

Principal Investigator:

Name: Thomas Murphey

E-mail: tmurphey@opterusrd.com

Address: 815 14th St SW, Suite C200 , CO 80537 - 6649
Phone: (505) 250-3006

Business Official:

Name: Thomas Murphey

E-mail: tmurphey@opterusrd.com

Address: 815 14th St SW, Suite C200 , CO 80537 - 6649
Phone: (505) 250-3006

Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 4
End: 5
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

Opterus and the University of Colorado, Boulder propose Solar Sail Tubular Mast (SSTM), a
lightweight version of our patented High Strain Composite (HSC) Trussed Collapsible Tubular
Mast. SSTM represents a paradigm shift in deployable boom technology, poised to set high
standards of structural efficiency, deployment simplicity, and cost-effectiveness for deployable
boom systems.

The SSTM represents a significant advancement in structural capabilities, transitioning from the
modest structural efficiency of an open cross-section TRAC boom to the high performance of a
trussed tape-spring boom. SSTM enables simple, low-risk solar sails up to the 10,000 m? scale
and mitigates the need for complex guywire systems, spin-tensioning, or elaborate deployment
mechanisms. SSTM also achieves an exceptional mass-to-area ratio of 5 g/m? for both the sail
and boom components. SSTM booms are also inherently low cost because they are fabricated
using automated and mold-based processes that greatly reduce manual/touch labor.

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

Possible NASA mission infusion includes Solar Cruiser, High Inclination Solar Mission,
and Solar Polar Imager. Each NASA solar sail mission concepts require 30m rollable
boom systems. The closed cross section SSTM provides higher structural performance
than open boom variants or bi-stable closed cross section booms which enable Solar
Cruiser and the larger 10,000sqm solar sail mission concepts. The fundamental
technology is also readily applied to high power solar arrays required for SEP and moon
to mars objectives.

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):



Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 4
End: 6
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

The Interdisciplinary Consulting Corporation (IC2), in collaboration with the University of Florida
(UF), proposes to develop a wireless instrumentation system, including both data acquisition and
sensors, that reduces the high costs and complexity of deployment, use, and maintenance of
traditional centralized, wired instrumentation systems, while meeting the requirements of current
rocket-propulsion ground testing applications and potentially other ground-based and in situ
space-flight testing.

Traditional instrumentation systems and providers often promote a single type of general-
purpose data-acquisition channel that can “do it all’, or at most a few different types of data
channels targeting specific applications. However, few of the potentially hundreds of different
types of sensors require the full capabilities of each channel in the general-purpose system. This
results in bulky, overly complex systems that do not make full use of the system’s capabilities,
resulting in increased cost, power consumption, and data communication requirements for the
entire instrumentation system.

The proposed innovation replaces the centralized, high-cost, high-performance instrumentation
system with a distributed network of wireless, low-cost, requirement-optimized smart sensor
nodes. The requirement-optimized hardware, reduced deployment costs, improved data
accuracy, and increased installation flexibility are provided by removing wiring constraints,
creating a system with a higher total value per channel. The system also allows for continual
sensor health monitoring by distributing some intelligence to each node and will ensure the data
collected with the system will be NIST traceable. These innovations provide the customer with
the ability to significantly increase the total number of deployed measurement points for less
than the total system deployment cost of traditional wired instrumentation systems.

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

This system not only benefits the testing of next-generation rocket propulsion systems, but adds
to the capabilities of the NASA Stennis Space Center, Marshall Space Flight Center, and the
Propulsion Test Office at White Sands Test Facility (WSTF). It is also viable for other NASA
ground- and flight-test facilities due to the ease of the system’s deployment. The system
capabilities could also be expanded beyond rocket-propulsion ground test to include monitoring
during other ground tests and potentially in situ testing including spaceflight.

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):

This system could also find use in a multitude of research, defense, and commercial applications
where precision measurements are required in difficult to install locations or retrofitted into
infrastructure that is unconducive to wired systems. Including commercial aerospace test
infrastructure, harsh chemical processing and manufacturing facilities, and power infrastructure.

Duration: 24

PROPOSAL 22-2- T10.05-1152
NUMBER:

PHASE 1 80NSSC22PB011
CONTRACT

NUMBER:



¢ Unmanned aircraft
« Commercial spacecraft and launch vehicles

Duration: 24

PROPOSAL 22-2- T13.01-1499
NUMBER:

PHASE 1 80NSSC22PB057
CONTRACT
NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: __ Intelligent Sensor Systems

PROPOSAL TITLE: WIRA- Wireless Instrumentation for Rocket Applications

Small Business Concern

Firm: Interdisciplinary Consulting Corporation
Address: 2405 Northwest 66th Court, Gainesville, FL 32653 - 1633
Phone: (352) 283-8110

Research Institution:

Name: University of Florida
Address: P.O. Box 116200, FL 32611 - 6200
Phone: (352) 392-3983

Principal Investigator:

Name: William Patterson

E-mail: cpatterson@thinkic2.com

Address: 5745 Southwest 75th Street, #364, FL 32608 - 5504
Phone: (352) 283-8110

Business Official:

Name: David Mills

E-mail: dmills@thinkic2.com

Address: 2405 NW 66th Ct, FL 32653 - 1633
Phone: (352) 283-8110



Phone: (713) 743-5785

Principal Investigator:

Name: Dr. Jose Daniel Velazco-Garcia
E-mail: dvelazco@tietronix.com
Address: 12705 Coulson St., 77015 - 6227
Phone: (832) 404-1693

Business Official:

Name: Sicilia Liranzo

E-mail: sicilia.liranzo@tietronix.com

Address: 1331 Gemini Avenue, Suite 300, TX 77058 - 2794
Phone: (281) 404-7226

Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 5
End: 6
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

Tietronix is proposing to develop a framework and associated artifacts development tools and
workflow to provide a photorealistic multi-user multi-modality shared extended reality (XR)
environment. We foresee the capability of our framework to enable AR and VR users’
collaboration, and to provide a wider set of interactions and use cases as compared to
immersive VR alone. The envisioned framework is the continuation of our work during Phase I,
which plans to continue the endeavors for a hardware-independent system designed to be as
extendable to novel hardware as possible. It also aims to provide the ability to support the
execution of complex procedures by overlaying visual cues and information superimposed to the
AR and VR views, as well as auditory or other tactile inputs that may enhance training.

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

Complex assembly and maintenance tasks in space operational environments
NASA Gateway missions

NASA Artemis program

Lunar Rover Training

Active Response Gravity Offload System (ARGOS) project

Scientific Hybrid Reality Environment (SHyRE) project

Joint Augmented Reality Visual Informatics System (JARVIS)

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):
Automotive assembly training

Airline pilot training
Power plant systems



degree of autonomy. If an entire system encompassing a CPH team is to be considered
trustworthy and to be trusted, all members of that system—both human and machine-need to be
considered trustworthy. This hinges on accurate and relevant data being provided to all
members of that team in real-time to make a decision that impacts the system.

Additionally, there can be issues in spacecraft operations due to the deep institutional knowledge
required of SMEs with deep training and expertise. When SMEs leave an operations team, this
institutional knowledge may not be passed onto other team members, and the training process
can be time consuming and costly. This knowledge is not necessarily transferable to other
systems, due to the specialized nature and architecture of each spacecraft and its mission.
Developing efficient system modeling and decision-making algorithms that can be implemented
on multiple platforms can overcome this challenge and reduce costs for operating teams.

The potential for inclusion of physics-based priors into the learning process for UDEs has great
potential for trustworthiness and trust in CPH teams. This is, in part, due to the fact that it is
possible to extract a closed-form solution from UDE-based models. These equations are readily
interpretable by human scientists, engineers, or other collaborators who may need to investigate
or validate the representation of data learned by a machine teammate. We are focusing on how
uncertainty quantification from two sources can be fused into one representation that is
conducive to decision-making. We will create and implement techniques for decision-making and
control that build upon this work in integrated uncertainty quantification.

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

Potential NASA applications cover a large number of domains due to the need to have trusted
control, including satellite constellation proximity operations and mission performance
optimization with cislunar operations and Artemis missions. It also applies to remote exploration
vehicles in uncertain terrains and even safety-critical controls on air and space vehicles.

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):
Because of its application to safety critical control systems, this technology is also applicable for
most critical infrastructure information monitoring and control systems. This can

include mechanical systems seen in commercial aircraft, especially for engine monitoring, and in
the control of nuclear power plants, electrical power grids, and water distribution and treatment.

Duration: 24

PROPOSAL 22-2- T15.04-1263
NUMBER:

PHASE 1 80NSSC22PA965
CONTRACT
NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: Full-Scale (2+ Passenger) Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing (eVTOL) Scaling,
Performance, Aerodynamics, and Acoustics Investigations

PROPOSAL TITLE: Full-Scale eVTOL Acoustic Measurements, Modeling, Scaling, and Validation

Small Business Concern



only byproduct of the process is the oxygen that is coproduced from the electrolyzer. Coupling
this system with direct air capture technology enables production of kerosene-based fuels using
only air, water, and renewable electricity. Air Company has demonstrated this process at the pilot
scale, producing a metric ton of products per week and operating for over 8,600 operating hours
in 2021. Phase 1 focused on developing a model that describes the CO. to kerosene process.
While the model helped us identify the areas of uncertainty, additional operational data is still
needed to build a high-fidelity model that allows us to optimize the reactor performance. To
address the data gap and further support Phase 2 efforts, we will expand the model with more
granular data obtained primarily by lab-scale testing and supported by available pilot scale data.
We will further leverage progress made in Phase 1 to optimize our fuel production and
downstream processing to inform fuel formulation and production to meet ASTM specifications to
ensure the produced fuel meets the standard. At the end of this STTR project, a technical
feasibility report for deploying this technology on Earth and Mars will be thoroughly assessed
and delivered to NASA.

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

Our technology can be used by NASA on Earth, as a method of producing sustainable RP-1 as a
drop-in replacement for the fossil fuels currently used as rocket propellant. Additionally, this
technology can be used on Mars to produce a stable and storable fuel in-situ, using only the
Martian atmosphere, water, and solar photovoltaic electricity. This fuel could be used to power
habitats on Mars, used as rocket propellant for a return trip to Earth, or used as a chemical
feedstock for further in-situ resource utilization.

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):

Air Company is currently pursuing this technology for the production of sustainable aviation fuel,
to help address the greenhouse gas emissions of the aviation industry. Further applications of
the technology can be used to produce virtually any fuel or chemical feedstock that is currently
made from fossil fuels on Earth, replacing the fossil-derived fuels and chemicals with air-derived
ones.

Duration: 24

PROPOSAL 22-2- T10.03-1993
NUMBER:

PHASE 1 80NSSC22PB100
CONTRACT
NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: Coordination and Control of Swarms of Space Vehicles

PROPOSAL TITLE: Tool for Autonomous Terrain Exploration of Remote Space

Small Business Concern

Firm: MTRI, Inc.
Address: 3600 Green Court, Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 - 1570
Phone: (734) 913-6871



STTR Phase II Solicitation Abstract Archives

NASA STTR 2022-II Solicitation

PROPOSAL 22-2- T5.04-1819
NUMBER:

PHASE 1 80NSSC22PB154
CONTRACT

NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: = Quantum Communications

PROPOSAL TITLE: Photonic Integrated Circuit Assisted Single-Photon Detectors (PICA-SPDs)

Small Business Concern

Firm: Physical Sciences, Inc.
Address: 20 New England Business Center , Andover, MA 01810 - 1077
Phone: (978) 689-0003

Research Institution:

Name: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Address: 1110 West Green Street, IL 61801 - 3003
Phone: (217) 333-9116

Principal Investigator:

Name: Dr. Christopher Evans

E-mail: cevans@psicorp.com

Address: 20 New England Business Center, MA 01810 - 1077
Phone: (978) 738-8159

Business Official:

Name: Dr. William Marinelli
E-mail: marinelli@psicorp.com
Address: 20 New England Business Center , MA 01810 - 1077

Phone: (978) 738-8226



Name: Michigan Technological University
Address: 1400 Townsend Drive, MI 49931 - 1200
Phone: (906) 487-3253

Principal Investigator:

Name: Andrew Gemer

E-mail: aj@lunaroutpost.com

Address: 12555 W. 52nd Ave, CO 80002 - 1234
Phone: (720) 987-4060

Business Official:

Name: Julian Cyrus

E-mail: julian@lunaroutpost.com

Address: 17700 S. Golden Rd. #102, CO 80401 - 6019
Phone: (973) 738-3885

Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 4
End: 6
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

The proposed and executed innovation is a software analysis toolset that can inform basic
structural archetype requirements and construction methods and their quantitative capabilities.
This tool considers a variety of design requirements including surface flatness, obstacle
mitigation, relative density (compaction), gradient, size, location/orientation, expected loads,
minimal energy consumption, etc. There is an inherent need for analysis tools like this to
advance the infrastructure development and overall capability set of lunar surface exploration.
These infrastructure features include foundations, landing pads, roadbeds, berms, ramps,
trenches, excavations, and protected compaction structures. These structures are analyzed
using designs and design methodologies for selecting and building necessary bulk regolith
structures; test results informing the decisions and assumptions within the methodologies; and a
construction system plan and concept of operations (CONOPS).

Following completion of the REGOWORKS 2.0 in Phase II and its calibration with certain
experimental compaction and other data, the tool will be used to simulate the preparation of a
lunar landing pad construction CONOPS which will be compared to the lunar surface site
preparation experimental work that is being performed for the LuSTR21 grant by LO and MTU.
REGOWORKS 2.0 data will be validated against real-world performance tests that will complete
hardware-in-the-loop tests for regolith compaction. Once the tool is validated and grounded from
these tests, it will be used for design and analysis in CAD and later prototyped to interface with
existing Lunar Outpost robotic systems to test the capabilities to create compacted layers of
regolith needed for all the site preparation structures.

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):



broadband self-noise, turbulence ingestion noise, and stochastic noise source modulation. In
partnership with Archer Aviation, the team will conduct model-informed acoustic flight tests of
Midnight. The flight tests will gather research-quality acoustic data at flight conditions expected
to produce rotor-rotor and rotor-structure interactions. The team will analyze the measured
acoustic data to validate the aeroacoustic models for full-scale, multi-rotor eVTOL aircraft.

The team will deliver the aeroacoustic models, detailed flight test plans, and flight test data
archives to NASA. The flight test data archives will include aircraft geometry and performance
data, research-quality acoustic measurements, and meteorological data to support NASA's
model validation efforts for full-scale eVTOL aircraft.

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

The proposed innovations support NASA‘s Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate’s strategic
thrust #4 for quiet vertical lift air vehicles. The acoustic measurements of Midnight will provide
NASA with a research-quality dataset to validate aeroacoustic models of full-scale, multi-rotor
eVTOL aircraft, with an emphasis on rotor-rotor and rotor-structure interactions. The acoustic
measurements will also support NASA researchers in assessing community responses to eVTOL
noise.

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):

The proposed innovations will support the advanced air mobility industry's need to design quiet
eVTOL aircraft and operations. Validated aeroacoustic models will accelerate the design cycle of
eVTOL aircraft by enabling industry and other government organizations to evaluate noise while
designing vehicles and operations, siting vertiports, planning land use compatibility, and writing
regulations.

Duration: 24

PROPOSAL 22-2- T7.04-2186
NUMBER:

PHASE 1 80NSSC22PB076
CONTRACT
NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: Lunar Surface Site Preparation

PROPOSAL TITLE: Design and Implementation Tools for Lunar Surface Regolith Structure Construction

Small Business Concern

Firm: Lunar Outpost, Inc.
Address: 12555 West 52nd Avenue, Arvada, CO 80002 - 0000
Phone: (908) 577-4014

Research Institution:



Phone: (256) 715-6918

Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 3
End: 5
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

Reconfigurable and adaptive hardware systems are essential parts of NASA applications due to
the uncertainties and variations caused by extreme operational conditions, radiation effects,
modifications of standard and requirements, varying user preferences and high development
cost. While electronic version of such systems is widely being used in NASA applications, they
incur significant size, weight, and power, and cost (SWaP-C).

We propose a Programmable Photonic Integrated Circuit (PIC), that will have significantly lower
SWaP-C. The proposed programmable PIC will be fabricated using phase change materials
(PCM) that enables non-volatile, compact, low-loss, and broadband switches that can be mass
produced through well-established integrated circuit fabrication process. In spite of the reduction
in feature size that can affect resolution and bandwidth, the photonic platform will enable loss-
less controlled passage of light and allow the PIC-based applications to provide equal or higher
efficiency compared to the state-of-the-art. Also, the compact integrated design will enable
constructive augmentations that can improve efficiency without compromising on SWaP-C. In
Phase |, we identified Sb2S3 and Sb2Se3 as promising PCM with low loss (<1.0 dB), high
extinction ratio (>10 dB), high cyclability (>1,000 switching events), and multi-bit operation. We
also fabricated individual PIC components with electrical actuation that can improve scalability.
Using a reduced order modeling (ROM) based simulation platform, we simulated a
programmable PIC system with electrical actuation and optical communication. In Phase Il, we
will simulate simple RF filters in the programmable PIC, optimize the design to meet NASA
requirements, build a prototype, and experimentally verify the performance of programmable
PIC, including as a function of radiation effects and temperature variations. Promising designs
will be delivered to NASA.

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

The programmable PIC is aligned with multiple NASA 2020 Technology Taxonomy areas like
TX05: Communications, Navigation, and Orbital Debris Tracking and Characterization Systems,
TX08: Sensors and Instruments, TX10: Autonomous Systems, and TX17: Guidance, Navigation,
and Control (GN&C). The ROM-based design and analysis software will be a Cross-Cutting
capability that directly supports the efficient development, verification, and qualification of
photonics-based instruments to meet a variety of NASA requirements across multiple missions.

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):

The programmable PIC can be applied in a variety of fields that need reconfigurable and
adaptive hardware systems. Some examples include developers of micro/nano-satellites,
avionics, automotive, telecommunication, consumer electronics and industrial data processing.

Duration: 24

PROPOSAL 22-2- T6.08-1881
NUMBER:



Non-NASA applications include high power solar arrays, tensioned planar arrays, and other large
area deployable space structures that required large aperture areas and low mass structures.
High power solar arrays are a key market fit and the company is developing space solar power
beaming structures concepts using similar boom technologies with defense customers.

Duration: 24

PROPOSAL 22-2- T8.07-1524
NUMBER:

PHASE 1 80NSSC22PA980
CONTRACT
NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: Photonic Integrated Circuits

PROPOSAL TITLE: Programmable Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs) for Radio Frequency (RF) applications

Small Business Concern

Firm: CFD Research Corporation
Address: 6820 Moquin Drive Northwest, Huntsville, AL 35806 - 2900
Phone: (256) 361-0811

Research Institution:

Name: University of Washington
Address: 4333 Brooklyn Ave NE, Box 359472, WA 98195 - 9472
Phone: (650) 906-8666

Principal Investigator:

Name: Karthikeyan Lingasubramanian
E-mail: karthik.linga@cfdre.com

Address: 6820 Moquin Dr NW, AL 35806 - 2900
Phone: (256) 726-4800

Business Official:

Name: Silvia Harvey
E-mail: proposals-contracts@cfd-research.com
Address: 701 McMillian Way Northwest, Suite D, AL 35806 - 2923



SUBTOPIC TITLE: Integrated Data Uncertainty Management and Representation for Trustworthy and

Trusted Autonomy in Space

PROPOSAL TITLE: Uncertainty Quantification of Representations of Unknown Dynamic Systems through

Universal Differential Equations

Small Business Concern

Firm: Elder Research, Inc.
Address: 300 West Main Street, Suite 301, Charlottesville, VA 22903 - 5575
Phone: (434) 973-7673

Research Institution:

Name: lowa State University
Address: 537 Bissell Road, IA 50011 - 2274
Phone: (515) 294-6938

Principal Investigator:

Name: Dr. Michael Fowler Ph.D.

E-mail: michael.fowler@elderresearch.com

Address: 300 West Main Street, Suite 301, VA 22903 - 5575
Phone: (540) 266-0671

Business Official:

Name: Debbie Owen

E-mail: debbie.owen@elderresearch.com

Address: 300 West Main Street, Suite 301, VA 22903 - 5575
Phone: (434) 973-7673

Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 2
End: 4
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

Cyber-Physical-Human (CPH) teams are a key component of future space missions, such as the
Artemis missions that will establish a lunar presence via autonomous agents, and future Martian
exploration. To achieve mission goals, CPH teams will require machine agents with a high



PROPOSAL 22-2- T15.04-1048
NUMBER:

PHASE 1 80NSSC22PB244
CONTRACT
NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: Full-Scale (2+ Passenger) Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing (eVTOL) Scaling,
Performance, Aerodynamics, and Acoustics Investigations

PROPOSAL TITLE: Integrated High Lift Propulsor

Small Business Concern

Firm: Wayfarer Aircraft Research and Development
Address: 8505 Rockledge Road, La Mesa, CA 91941 - 7923
Phone: (619) 841-2359

Research Institution:

Name: Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University-Daytona Beach
Address: 600 S. Clyde Morris Blvd., FL 32114 - 3900
Phone: (386) 266-7695

Principal Investigator:

Name: Byron Ward

E-mail: byron@ward.aero

Address: 8505 Rockledge Road, CA 91941 - 7923
Phone: (619) 841-2359

Business Official:

Name: Byron Ward

E-mail: byron@ward.aero

Address: 8505 Rockledge Road, CA 91941 - 7923
Phone: (619) 841-2359

Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :



Name: Julian Reyes

E-mail: julian@buendea.com

Address: 24 sw 22nd road, Apt, Suite, Bldg. optional, FL 33129 - 1507
Phone: (305) 510-7868

Name: Julian Reyes

E-mail: julian@buendea.com

Address: 24 sw 22nd road, Apt, Suite, Bldg. optional, FL 33129 - 1507
Phone: (305) 510-7868

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 2
End: 6
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

In XR simulations for digital twins and astronaut training, the need for accuracy and
precision is critical. Environments on the Moon and Mars will prove unpredictable and
challenging, especially given the requirements for greater autonomy and reduced reliance
on Earth-based support due to communication delays. Training for such missions
necessitates simulations that not only emulate these environments but also achieve
hyper realistic fidelity. Given the limitations of current state-of-the-art real-time rendering
in real-time game engines, the solution to this growing demand for realism resides in
more advanced computational strategies, specifically the utilization of parallelization.

For Phase II of our NASA STTR proposal, Buendea and University of Central Florida’s will
focus developing state-of-the-art parallelization techniques, combined with the latest
advancements in hardware and software, which can significantly enhance the realism and
efficiency of astronaut training in XR environments and digital twins. By leveraging
parallel processing, real-time simulations in XR can achieve higher frame rates, more
detailed environments, and real-time feedback, all of which are essential to crafting high-
fidelity EVA training modules.

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):



PANDA coating improved the conversion efficiency of the cells by up to 5%; (2) for all three types
of cells PANDA UV stability; (3) computer simulations indicated that 20-micron-thick PANDA can
fully shield the solar cells from 1-MeV protons reducing radiation damage by a factor of 4. The
overall goals of the Phase II effort will be (1) to optimize PANDA coating (composition, structure,
and application methods) and obtain maximal conversion efficiency and operational lifetime of
the coated solar cells; (2) to verify experimentally PANDA’s ability to improve radiation tolerance
of the coated solar cells. TRL level 5 is expected by the end of Phase II. Deliverables will include
experimental data, test reports, and final technical report.

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

If successful, the proposed technology can be implemented as “UV stable thin-film protective
coating for sail-embedded power-generation...” requested within Scope “Next-Generation Solar
Sail System Technologies for Enhanced and Enabling Sailing” of topic T5.05 “Advanced Solar
Sailing Technologies”, Focus Area 5 “Communications and Navigation” of NASA FY 2022 STTR
Solicitation.

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):
Major potential non-NASA applications of PANDA technology in the government and commercial
sectors is the improvement of the efficiency of solar PV panels while protecting them from

harmful UV radiation of the Sun and increasing their lifetime. The customers would be national
grids and rural communities, and municipalities and private entities concerned with surveillance.

Duration: 24

PROPOSAL 22-2- T12.07-2715
NUMBER:

PHASE 1 80NSSC22PB081
CONTRACT
NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: Design Tools for Advanced Tailorable Composites

PROPOSAL TITLE: Topology Optimization for Design of Highly Tailored Composites for AFP Manufacturing

Small Business Concern

Firm: M4 Engineering, Inc.
Address: 4020 Long Beach Boulevard, Long Beach, CA 90807 - 2683
Phone: (562) 981-7797

Research Institution:

Name: Virginia Tech
Address: 345 Goodwin Hall, VA 24061 - 0218
Phone: (540) 231-4881



Duration: 24

PROPOSAL 22-2- T10.05-2150
NUMBER:

PHASE 1 80NSSC22PA959
CONTRACT

NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: Integrated Data Uncertainty Management and Representation for Trustworthy and
Trusted Autonomy in Space

PROPOSAL TITLE: Module for Event Driven Operations on Spacecraft (MEDOS) Expanded for Multi-Agent
Decision Making and Teaming

Small Business Concern

Firm: Aurora Engineering
Address: 4 Redbud Court, Potomac, MD 20854 - 3731
Phone: (814) 441-6410

Research Institution:

Name: University of Colorado Boulder
Address: 1234 Innovation Dr, CO 80303 - 7814
Phone: (303) 492-0696

Principal Investigator:

Name: Alexander Barrie

E-mail: abarrie@aurora.engineering
Address: 8 Cromwell Dr, ME 04473 - 3639
Phone: (814) 441-6410

Business Official:

Name: Alexander Barrie

E-mail: abarrie@aurora.engineering
Address: 8 Cromwell Dr, ME 04473 - 3639
Phone: (814) 441-6410



NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: Quantum Sensing and Measurement

PROPOSAL TITLE: — High brightness, waveguide-based IR quantum light sources

Small Business Concern

Firm: ADVR, Inc.
Address: 31948 Frontage Road, Bozeman, MT 59715 - 8642
Phone: (406) 522-0388

Research Institution:

Name: The University of California San Diego
Address: 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0934, CA 92093 - 0934
Phone: (858) 246-5467

Principal Investigator:

Name: Dr. Joshua Aller

E-mail: jaller@advr-inc.com

Address: 31948 Frontage Road, MT 59715 - 8642
Phone: (406) 522-0388

Business Official:

Name: Betsy Heckel

E-mail: heckel@advr-inc.com

Address: 39148 Frontage Road, MT 59715 - 8642
Phone: (406) 522-0388

Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 3
End: 4
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

Quantum light sources are a critical need for NASA and the broader scientific community. The
proposed program will develop ultra-high brightness, low loss, integrated quantum light sources

in the IR spectral regime using waveguide-based technology.



Small Business Concern

Firm: SSS Optical Technologies, LLC
Address: 515 Sparkman Drive, Suite 122, Huntsville, AL 35816 - 3417
Phone: (256) 489-0081

Research Institution:

Name: Oakwood University
Address: 7000 Adventist Blvd NW, AL 35896 - 0001
Phone: (256) 726-7558

Principal Investigator:

Name: Sergey Sarkisov

E-mail: mazillo@hotmail.com

Address: 515 Sparkman Drive, Suite 122, AL 35816 - 3417
Phone: (256) 489-0084

Business Official:

Name: Sergey Sarkisov

E-mail: mazillo@hotmail.com

Address: 515 Sparkman Drive, Suite 122, AL 35816 - 3417
Phone: (256) 489-0081

Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 4
End: 5
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

NASA is seeking advanced thin-film protective coatings for sail-embedded photovoltaic (PV)
solar cells. SSS Optical Technologies, LLC (SSSOT) together with Oakwood University and
Solestial, Inc. proposes to develop the Polymer Anti-damage Nanocomposite Down-converting
Armor (PANDA) coating that uses a polymer nanocomposite impregnated with luminescent
nanoparticles (NPs) that absorb solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation and convert it into visible light
suitable for PV cells. There are three innovations: (1) By absorbing solar UV PANDA improves
UV stability of the solar cell; (2) PANDA combines UV shielding with the use of UV, otherwise
wasted, in production of extra electricity; (3) PANDA shields the cell from high-energy cosmic
radiation. During Phase | project we evaluated the feasibility of PANDA using three types of solar
cells: silicon heterojunction (SHJ) from Solestial, Inc., Copper-Indium-Gallium-Selenide (CIGS)
and inverted metamorphic multijunction (IMM). The cells are considered as candidates for space
applications due to their light weight and flexibility. Major results of Phase | project are: (1)



The technologies developed under this project can potentially be applied to new robotics
platforms for future advanced mobility systems. We will continue to grow in the space robotics
market by further strengthening our partnership with commercial space companies, and offering
our algorithms and simulation capabilities to a host of private enterprise missions.

Duration: 24

Form Generated on 11/17/2023 16:51:36


Research Institution:

Name: MTRI, Inc.
Address: 3600 Green Court, Suite 100, MI 48105 - 1570
Phone: (734) 994-7237

Principal Investigator:

Name: Richard Chase Ph.D

E-mail: rachase@mtu.edu

Address: 3600 Green Court, Suite 100, MI 48105 - 1570
Phone: (734) 994-7237

Business Official:

Name: Gregory Leonard

E-mail: gregmtri@gmail.com

Address: 3600 Green Court, Suite 100, MI 48105 - 1570
Phone: (734) 913-6871

Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 3
End: 5
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

NASA currently has multiple missions focused on exploration of extraterrestrial bodies in our
solar system, both by autonomous platforms alone, in teams, and in collaboration with long-
duration human habitation, all of which require advanced levels of autonomy. TATERS will
develop mission planning and high level collaborative autonomy capabilities for swarms of
surface and satellite vehicles that would allow NASA and other groups to be able to deploy
autonomous teams of robots into previously unexplored spaces. TATERS Phase II will focus on
maturation of the planning, analysis, and interface capabilities developed in Phase | for such
missions. Phase | focused primarily on traversal analysis for individual and teams of robots in
reference scenarios at the south pole of the moon that incorporated both scientific exploration
and construction tasks. Phase II will expand and enhance the methods used in Phase |, increase
fidelity of the testing environment by incorporating scientific data sources and models, integrate
with existing NASA software products, and demonstrate transition feasibility through hardware-
in-the-loop testing with UGVs. When planning complex missions with extended operation times,
risk analysis requirements, expected autonomy requirements, and relatively high uncertainty of
science objectives and mission execution, the ability to perturb any and all variables under
consideration during planning is critical for identifying system failure modes. The traversal
planning approach used by TATERS is novel in its ability to incorporate data across multiple
resolutions, which enables pre-mission planning for high-level multi-agent coordination, rapid risk
analysis of traversals through Monte Carlo testing, as well as integration into a navigation stack
with real-time sensor stream and updates. Therefore, the TATERS approach demonstrates



Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 2
End: 5
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

Within this program, Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) and the University of Illinois Urbana-
Champaign (UIUC) are developing Photonic Integrated Circuit Assisted-Single Photon Detectors
(PICA-SPDs) to increase the bandwidth and timing resolution of single-photon detectors (SPDs).
Realizing low size, weight, and power (SWaP) SPDs with high saturation-rates and high timing-
resolutions are critical for deploying of quantum technology in space. While the best
superconducting nanowire SPDs (SNSPDs) can achieve saturation rates up to 100 MHz with
timing resolutions of several 10’s of ps, these also require cryogenic environments, making their
deployment in space a challenge. On the other hand, single photon avalanche photodiodes
(SPADs) are low SWaP and can operate at room temperature with good efficiencies (>75%);
however, the timing resolution is often 50 ps (or more) and the saturation rate is typically limited
to 10s of MHz.

To overcome the challenge of increasing both the timing resolution and saturation rate of SPAD
arrays, our unique active-approach leverages high-speed, low-loss PIC modulators. Here,
single-photon optical signals enter the PIC and are routed to a series of Mach-Zehnder
Interferometer (MZI) switches. These fast, traveling-wave switches are driven by periodic signals
having progressively higher frequencies to create a switch yard. As the photon stream enters
each of the MZI switches, the different time-positions are routed to different outputs of each MZI,
which isolates individual time-positions to enable readout using an array of SPDs. This approach
enables an array of SPADs to operate together to achieve timing resolutions even surpassing
SNSPDs with greatly enhanced saturation count rates to enable space-based quantum
networking applications.

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

The development of quantum communications and networks are a key technology to enable
secure communication, sensor arrays, and quantum computer networks. Our proposed
technology will allow NASA to increase the bandwidth of both free-space and fiber quantum
links.

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):

High saturation rate, low-jitter single-photon detectors are a general-purpose tool for a range of
applications, from quantum networks and communication links, to imaging and healthcare
applications.

Duration: 24

PROPOSAL
NUMBER:

PHASE 1
CONTRACT
NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE:

PROPOSAL TITLE:

22-2- T5.05-2115

80NSSC22PB198

Advanced Solar Sailing Technologies

UV stable coating for sail-embedded PV power



NASA has entered a new era of human space exploration with the Artemis Program, hoping to
establish a long-term human presence on the Moon. To meet NASA needs, new textiles will have
to be developed that keep astronauts safe, while still enabling those astronauts to perform at
their best. In the solicitation, NASA has identified two specific areas for textile innovation: (Part
A) the Exploration Extravehicular Mobility Unit (KEMU) Environmental Protection Garment (EPG)
and (Part B) crew clothing fabrics for shirt-sleeve environments in oxygen-rich atmospheres. To
address these challenges in Part A of NASA's call, Paragon Space Development Corporation
(Paragon) and North Carolina State University (NCSU) are developing a new EPG outer
layer material for the xEMU known as the Spacesuit Cover against the Abrasive Lunar
Environment (SCALE). SCALE uses a bio-inspired design, with segmented corundum chips to
give the outer layer of the EPG enough strength to withstand the abrasiveness of lunar dust
without significantly reducing its flexibility. The second area of textile innovation identified by
NASA (Part B) is crew clothing fabrics for shirt-sleeve environments in oxygen-rich atmospheres.
Those oxygen-rich atmospheres also carry an increased risk of fire, which necessitates the use
of flame-retardant materials whenever practicable, including in the clothing worn by the crew. To
that end, this proposal also introduces a new clothing material, known as the eXploration
Textile for high-Oxygen eNvironments (xTON) that will be comfortable and flame
retardant.

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

SCALE will be incorporated into the spacesuit EPG to provide greater abrasion resistance for
lunar exploration EVAs. Additionally, lunar space operations will require flexible, abrasion-
resistant fabrics for thermal covers on a variety of equipment like camera covers, stowage bags,
and collection sample containers.

xTON will be used to provide crew clothing that is flame retardant in 36% oxygen at 8.2 psia,
resistant to wear from abrasive lunar regolith, free of volatile materials, releases a minimal
amount of lint, and odor-free.

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):

SCALE could be used for high-wear activities like sportswear, personal protective equipment,
protective casing for sensitive devices, mining, and construction applications.

xTON could be used to make comfortable, flame retardant clothing/covers for firefighting PPE for
firefighters, industrial workers, and military personnel that are likely to encounter fires or
extremely hot environments.

Duration: 24

PROPOSAL 22-2- T10.03-2033
NUMBER:

PHASE 1 80NSSC22PA952
CONTRACT
NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: Coordination and Control of Swarms of Space Vehicles

PROPOSAL TITLE: Efficient Distributed State Estimation for Swarm Robotics



1.NASA Artemis Training Simulator
The continued development of training simulations to support Artemis astronaut training.
2.Digital Twin Simulation Test Bed

Using the development of the STTR to produce a highly accurate test bed for Lunar and
Mars surface operations and conceptualization

3.Mission Control Video Game

The development of a video game that allows anyone to become an astronaut and

envision what the future of human space exploration holds.

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):

Hyper realistic visualization and XR training for a wide range of industries that require
maximizing processing power to simulate for real-world applications such as aerospace
simulation, XR Training, digital twins, architectural visualization

Duration: 24

PROPOSAL 22-2- T5.05-2204
NUMBER:

PHASE 1 80NSSC22PB129
CONTRACT
NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: Advanced Solar Sailing Technologies

PROPOSAL TITLE: Solar Sail Tubular Mast

Small Business Concern

Firm: Opterus Research and Development, Inc.
Address: 815 14th Street Southwest, Suite C200, Loveland , CO 80537 - 6649
Phone: (505) 250-3006

Research Institution:



The proposed capability addresses NASA's Moon-to-Mars Strategy by establishing infrastructure
capabilities for lunar power generation and distribution, communications architectures, precision
landing capabilities, local/regional/global surface transportation and mobility, surface depots, in-
situ construction techniques, lunar habitats, and other capabilities tied to NASA's Artemis
program.

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):

REGOWORKS will help commercial industry establish infrastructure critical for a vibrant lunar
economy. The proposed technology and tools may support crewed and robotic missions in the
coming decade through improved safety, more sustainable infrastructure, mission precursor risk
reduction techniques, and expanded architectural designs for surface infrastructure.

Duration: 24

PROPOSAL 22-2- T10.04-2569
NUMBER:

PHASE 1 80NSSC22PB230
CONTRACT

NUMBER:

SUBTOPIC TITLE: Autonomous Systems and Operations for the Lunar Orbital Platform-Gateway

PROPOSAL TITLE: Multi-Agent Anomaly Resolution System (MaARS)

Small Business Concern

Firm: TRACLabs, Inc.
Address: 100 Northeast Interstate 410 Loop #520, San Antonio, TX 78216 - 4727
Phone: (281) 461-7886

Research Institution:

Name: Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station
Address: 400 Harvey Mitchell Parkway South, Suite 300, TX 77845 - 4375
Phone: (979) 458-4969

Principal Investigator:

Name: Stephen Hart
E-mail: swhart@traclabs.com
Address: 100 Northeast Interstate 410 Loop #520, TX 78216 - 4727

Phone: (281) 678-4194



Summary Details:

Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) :

Begin: 5
End: 8
Technical Abstract (Limit 2000 characters):

Operations engineers face the task of maintaining the health and functionality of a spacecraft,
based on extremely limited information. This task becomes even more complicated when
considering lag time between contacts, the light-time delay of bidirectional communications, and
the prospect of multiple spacecraft operating simultaneously. Simple pre-programmed time
tagged commands become increasingly burdensome in multi-spacecraft missions, particularly
when trying to target ephemeral events in space that are difficult to predict with any accuracy.

The Module for Event Driven Operations on Spacecraft (MEDOS) puts the operations engineer
on the spacecraft. MEDOS takes raw telemetry and fuses them together into physically
meaningful quantities that an engineer understands — turning voltages and decay times into
“methane concentration”, or turning count rates and field vectors into “plasma density”. Then,
MEDOS compares the physical parameters to generalized event definitions that scientists use all
the time — “when the plasma density jumps and the magnetic field reverses direction, we crossed
a boundary.” MEDOS computes a mathematical distance between measured parameters and
rules from engineer to provide a numerical confidence in an event occurring. MEDOS does not
require any training data, discrete if/then rules, or a PhD in Al to tune the model. All that MEDOS
requires is for an engineer or scientist to describe the process that they go through every day —
and then MEDOS encodes that process onto the spacecraft.

MEDOS is able to analyze the ambient environment in real time, and respond to it in a way
consistent with the response of an operations engineer. In Phase II we will expand MEDOS’s
capability for multi-agent teaming with a new module, MADEM (Multi Agent Decision Engine for
MEDOS.) We will also port the entire MEDOS framework into NASA's core Flight System (cFS)
and verify + validate MEDOS on flight qualified hardware, readying it for mission deployment.

Potential NASA Applications (Limit 550 characters):

MEDOS has secured a spot to fly on the SCENIC platform on the ISS (PI C. Wilson), and has
been selected to fly on the NAMASTE effort, detecting methane from melting permafrost in
Alaska (PI M. Sultana), pending Phase II completion. We have had communication with the
MMS project scientist (G. Le) about infusing MEDOS into the MMS mission pending Phase II.
We are also in contact with teams in earlier mission phases (GDC, 7 Sisters, Enceladus). We
are also working to complement AutoNGC with MEDOS.

Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 400 characters):

Outside of NASA we aim to target other space players, such as NOAA and DoD, particularly for
detection of and response to surface events (fires, missile launches, etc.) We will also approach
the private space industry (e.g. Starlink and Iridium.) Beyond space, underwater submersibles
(such as the Titan submarine) as well as mining and resource extraction system could greatly
benefit from MEDOS.

Duration: 24
PROPOSAL 22-2- T8.06-1605
NUMBER:
PHASE 1 80NSSC22PA927

CONTRACT